IPBC (Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate) Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate Iodopropynyl Butyl Carbamate (IPBC) is a water-soluble preservative used globally in the paints & coatings, wood preservatives, personal care, and cosmetics industries. IPBC is a member of the carbamate family of biocides.[1] IPBC was invented in the 1970s and has a long history of effective use as an antifungal technology. History IPBC was initially developed for use in the paint & coatings industry as a dry-film preservative to protect interior and exterior coatings from mold, mildew, and fungal growth, while also offering cost performance and sustainability benefits. IPBC exhibits efficacy against a broad spectrum of fungal species, typically at very low use levels. IPBC today is incorporated into a wide variety of interior and exterior paint formulations around the world. Use is restricted in some countries due to its toxicity, especially acute inhalation toxicity. IPBC is also becoming recognized as a contact allergen.[2] Uses IPBC is an effective fungicide at very low concentrations in cosmetic and other products, and has shown very low sensitivity in humans tested with this preservative. IPBC was approved in 1996 for use up to 0.1% concentrations in topical products and cosmetics. However, this preservative is mostly found in cosmetics at about one-eighth that level [Maier et al., 2009]. IPBC Toxicity and Safety Tests show it to be generally safe: When used properly in leave-on skin products, IPBC is extremely safe [Steinberg, 2002]. Previous to being approved for cosmetic use in 1996, extensive safety and toxicity tests were conducted on IPBC and their results were gathered along with earlier studies in a report of the Safety Assessment of IPBC by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review [CIR Final Report, Lanigan 1998]. This final report found IPBC to be a non-carcinogen with no genotoxicity and in reproductive and developmental toxicity studies using rats and mice, IPBC had no significant effect on fertility, reproductive performance, or on the incidence of fetal malformation [Lanigan, 1998]. Toxicity The study, "Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate", discusses the results of 32 studies between 1990 and 1994 in 3,582 subjects using skin application of IPBC at relevant concentrations. [3] All 32 studies showed no evidence of contact sensitization compared to placebo controls, with the report stating "With each test formulation, a few panelists had erythema, edema, and/or a papular response, but overall, the results were negative." In addition, the study mentions two skin sensitivity studies on 183 children ages 3 – 12 yrs which showed no adverse effects as well as no significant irritation from IPBC. Since the early safety report, there have been a few reports of human skin sensitivity to IPBC in individual patients – all of which showed complete recovery after discontinuance of use of any product containing the IPBC which was presumably an allergen for these patients [Toholka & Nixon, 2014; Pazzaglia & Tosti, 1999]. Post-1996 tests of human sensitivity to IPBC have all shown quite low sensitivity, having overall reported human skin testing (patch test) on 53,774 subjects with only 491 of those subjects showing any reaction (0.8%) to IPBC. In every study, positive patch test reactions occurred in less than 1% of subjects tested in all but one study. This is a very low reaction rate, but it is not zero, and the industry reports this low rate of reaction even though in the largest study of 25,435 subjects over 69% of the reactions were either weak or doubtful [Warshaw et al., 2013a]. These combined studies showing prevalence of reaction below 1% means that IPBC at this time does not have the reaction rates necessary to be included as an allergen in standard allergy series. But, it remains under close monitoring as it is a relatively new preservative for cosmetic products and will presumably increase in usage [Sasseville, 2004]. Most human patch tests performed before 2004 were with 0.1% IPBC solutions, i.e. 10 times the concentration used in many cosmetic products. Some used 0.5% IPBC. In 2004, it was suggested that a better concentration for tests of this substance would be 0.2% [Brasch et al., 2004] and this has contributed to the diagnosis of more sensitizations to this substance [Martin-Gorgojo & Johansen, 2013]. One study showed significantly increased sensitivity between 2005 and 2010 using 0.5% IPBC in patch tests [Warshaw et al., 2013b]. See also Ingredients of cosmetics Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate Ipbc.svg Names IUPAC name 3-Iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate Other names 3-Iodo-2-propynyl N-butylcarbamate; 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate; Iodocarb Identifiers CAS Number 55406-53-6 check 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Abbreviations IPBC ChEBI CHEBI:83279 ☒ ChemSpider 55933 check ECHA InfoCard 100.054.188 PubChem CID 62097 UNII 603P14DHEB check Properties Chemical formula C8H12INO2 Molar mass 281.093 g·mol−1 IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE IODOPROPYNYL BUTYLCARBAMATE is classified as : Preservative CAS Number 55406-53-6 EINECS/ELINCS No: 259-627-5 Restriction (applies to EU only): VI/56 COSING REF No: 34582 Chem/IUPAC Name: 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate What Is Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate? Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate, also known as IPBC, is a white or slightly off-white crystalline powder that contains iodine. It is used in a wide variety of cosmetics and personal-care products Why is Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate used in cosmetics and personal care products? Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate prevents or retards bacterial growth, thereby protecting cosmetics and personal-care products from spoilage. Follow this link for more information about how preservatives protect cosmetics and personal care products. Scientific Facts: Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate is an internationally recognized preservative that has been used for years because of a wide field of application. The need for a broad-spectrum and safe preservative system for cosmetics has led to the development of several combinations of IPBC with other preservatives effective against a wide variety of organisms. IPBC is also used as a preservative in household products, paints, cements and inks. 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate is an off-white solid. 3-iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate is a carbamate ester that is carbamic acid in which the nitrogen has been substituted by a butyl group and in which the hydrogen of the carboxy group is replaced by a 1-iodoprop-2-yn-3-yl group. A fungicide, it is used as a preservative and sapstain control chemical in wood products and as a preservative in adhesives, paints, latex paper coating, plastic, water-based inks, metal working fluids, textiles, and numerous consumer products. It has a role as a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical. It is a carbamate ester, an organoiodine compound, an acetylenic compound and a carbamate fungicide. Molecular Weight of IPBC: 281.09 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) XLogP3-AA of IPBC: 2.1 Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of IPBC: 1 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of IPBC: 2 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Rotatable Bond Count of IPBC: 5 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact Mass of IPBC: 280.99128 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic Mass of IPBC: 280.99128 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological Polar Surface Area of IPBC: 38.3 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Heavy Atom Count of IPBC: 12 Computed by PubChem Formal Charge of IPBC: 0 Computed by PubChem Complexity of IPBC: 192 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Isotope Atom Count of IPBC: 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of IPBC: 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of IPBC: 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of IPBC: 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of IPBC: 0 Computed by PubChem Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of IPBC: 1 Computed by PubChem Compound of IPBC Is Canonicalized Yes Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate Details It's one of those things that help your cosmetics not to go wrong too soon, aka a preservative. Its strong point is being effective against yeasts and molds, and as a nice bonus seems to be non-comedogenic as well. It is safe in concentrations of less than 0.1% but is acutely toxic when inhaled, so it's not the proper preservative choice for aerosol formulas like hairsprays. Used at 0.1%, Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate has an extremely low rate of skin-irritation when applied directly for 24 hours (around 0.1% of 4,883 participants) and after 48 hours that figure was 0.5%, so it counts as mild and safe unless your skin is super-duper sensitive. iodopropynyl butylcarbamate Where is iodopropynyl butylcarbamate found? Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate is a preservative used in cosmetics, wet wipes (toilet paper), and other personal care products. It is also used as a biocide in paints, primers, and industrial coolants and cooling lubricants. How can you avoid contact with iodopropynyl butylcarbamate? Avoid products that list any of the following names in the ingredients: • Butyl-3-iodo-2-propynylcarbamate • Carbamic acid, butyl-3-iodo-2-propynyl ester • Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate • 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 107801 • BRN 2248232 • Caswell No. 501A • EINECS 259-627-5 • HSDB 7314 • 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate What are some products that may contain iodopropynyl butylcarbamate? Baby Care • Baby lotion • Baby wash and shampoo • Diaper rash cream • Flushable moist wipes Body Washes and Soaps • Cleansing towelettes • Makeup remover towelettes Cosmetics • Concealer • Eye lash tint • Liquid eye liner Hair Dye Hair Hair Styling Products • Gel • Hairspray • Pomade • Root lifter Industrial Coolants and Cooling Lubricants Lip Balm Lotions and Skin Care Products • Acne treatment • Anti-itch cream • Bar soap • Body lotion • Moisturizer • Wrinkle cream Paints and Stains Shampoos and Conditioners Shaving Creams and Gels Sunscreens Yard care • Insect killer • Weed killer Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC) is an internationally recognized chemical that has been used for years because of its wide field of application. Initially used as a water-based paint and wood preservative and then in metalworking fluids, its role has expanded into the more recent uses in cosmetic products. The need for a potent, broad-spectrum, and safe preservative system in cosmetics allowed for the discovery of several combinations of IPBC effective against a wide variety of organisms. Although IPBC has claimed to be safe when used at concentrations less than 0.1%, the introduction of IPBC into cosmetics has led to several reports labeling IPBC as a potential new contact allergen. As the use of this seemingly safe preservative becomes vast, an increased number of cases of IPBC-induced contact allergy is likely.

Chemical name: 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbomate Description; Nipacide IPBC 30 is a 30% active IPBC clear glycolic fungicide, Nipacide IPBC 30 has been developed for fungal dry film protection of water based coatings. Nipacide IPBC 30 can also be used for wet state, in-can fungal protection. Nipacide IPBC 30 is effective against a wide range of fungal and yeast species and exhibits some activity against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Dry –film degradation in paints and decorative coatings can be avoided by using the correct dry-film fungicides at the most cost effective use level. Ideal dry-film properties achieved by Nipacide IPBC3 30 include: • High activity against a broad range of fungi and algae • Excellent activity at relatively low use concentrations • Carbendazim free • pH stable • UV stable • Low water solubility • Approved under the Biocidal Products Directive • Cost effective protection Applications; Nipacide IPBC 30 is recommended for protection of a wide range of coating applications including water based decorative paints, wood stains and colours. Nipacide IPBC 30 can also be used in solvent based applications. Increased antifungal activity can also be achieved by using Nipacide IPBC 30 for in-can use in adhesives grouts and sealants. Nipacide IPBC 30 is effective against a wide range of spoilage organisms effective over a wide pH range. Nipacide IPBC 30 should not be used in products heated above 400 C. Use level; Nipacide IPBC 30 should be evaluated in finished products at levels between 0.50% and 2.0% for dry film applications. The level of protection will depend on many factors including the end destination of coating, relative humidity, sun strength and others and can be determined by evaluation by our team of microbiologists at the Microbiology facility. For in-can antifungal activity Nipacide IPBC 30 should be evaluated between 0.10% and 0.30%. Microbiological data; Even though Nipacide IPBC 30 is designed for dry-film applications it also exhibits activity against a wide range of bacteria, fungi and yeast. This can be demonstrated by the following MIC data. Chemical compatibility; Nipacide IPBC 30 is compatible with most raw materials used in the manufacture of industrial and decorative coatings. Nipacide IPBC 30 compatibility should always be checked and evaluated before use.

IPHA 15% Isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%) (IUPAC name propan-2-ol; commonly called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a compound with the chemical formula CH3CHOHCH3.[8] It is a colorless, flammable chemical compound with a strong odor. As an isopropyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, it is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of 1-propanol and ethyl methyl ether. It is used in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial and household chemicals, and is a common ingredient in chemicals such as antiseptics, disinfectants, and detergents. isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%) is also known as 2-propanol, sec-propyl alcohol, IPA, or isopropanol. IUPAC considers isopropanol an incorrect name as the hydrocarbon isopropane does not exist Recommended use: Monomer stabilizer. Polymerization chainstopper. Synthesis intermediate. Photochemical additive. For industrial use. Other names of isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%), colorless, flammable liquid are known. For example, in the lab it may be simply denoted by isopropanol, isopro, iso, isopropyl, or acronym IPA. It is also an inorganic compound sometimes called 2-propanol, possibly referred to as an isomer, also known as propanol. Of course, isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%) is most commonly known as simple spirit. isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%), also known as isopropanol; clear, mixture of ethanol and acetone has an odor; it is a flammable alcohol. It forms solutions in any proportion with water, ethanol, acetone, chloroform and benzene, can be subjected to all typical reactions of secondary alcohols, and gives strong reactions with strong oxidizing agents. isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%), which is used as a low cost solvent in many applications, is similar to ethyl alcohol in terms of solvent properties and evaporation rate. If it burns, it decomposes to form carbon monoxide, which is toxic. IPHA 15% is useful for use in lacquers, inks and thinners in terms of its high latent solvent power, moderate evaporation rate and many other solvents it forms for cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate butyrate and cellulose acetate procyanate. The use of isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%) in the production of monoisoprolamine for herbicides is the fastest growing segment in terms of use, and its use as a solvent in coatings and inks remains either the same or increases slightly. IPHA 15% is usually used by diluting with water when necessary for cleaning and stain removal. IPHA 15% is also used to remove oxidation and residual resin residues in electronic circuit boards. As a solvent IPHA 15%; in extraction and purification of natural products such as vegetable and animal oils, gum resins, waxes, colorants, flavors, alkaloids, vitamins and alginates; as a carrier in the production of foodstuffs; in purification, crystallization and precipitation of organic chemicals; It finds application in synthetic polymers such as phenolic varnishes and nitrocellulose lacquers. Also as a solvent; Participates in formulations of cosmetics, hair tonics, perfumes, skin lotions, hair dye rinse, skin cleaners, deodorant, nail polish, shampoo, hair sprays, air fresheners. As coating and paint solvent; It finds application in the production of cement, primer, paint and ink and acts as a cleaning and drying agent in liquid soap and detergent. isopropyl alcohol (IPHA 15%) (IPA); It is also used in the production of acetone and its derivatives and other chemicals such as isopropyl acetate, isopropylamine, diisopropyl ether, isopropyl xanthate, fatty acid esters, herbicidal esters and aluminum isopropoxide. Other Area of ​​Usage; It can be considered as a cooling agent in beer production, dehydrating agent in polyvinyl fluoride production, polymerization modifier and as a flavoring agent in home tobacco and personal care products. About IPHA 15% IPHA 15% has not been registered under the REACH Regulation, therefore as yet ECHA has not received any data about IPHA 15% from registration dossiers. IPHA 15% is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites. Widespread uses by professional workers IPHA 15% is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products and water treatment chemicals. ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using IPHA 15%. Other release to the environment of IPHA 15% is likely to occur from: indoor use as reactive substance. Uses at industrial sites IPHA 15% is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, water treatment chemicals, adhesives and sealants and polymers. IPHA 15% is used for the manufacture of: rubber products. Release to the environment of IPHA 15% can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and as processing aid. The pure N-Isopropylhydroxylamine (IPHA 15%) is a white crystalline flake; however, it is sold as a 15% solution in water [2]. The aqueous solution is colourless with a slight amine odour [2]. IPHA 15% is marketed as a free-radical scavenger and uses in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber manufacturing under the trade name CHAINGUARDTMI-15 Hydroxylamine. It is also used as an oxygen scavenger and metal passivator to control corrosion in boilers and marketed with the trade name HYDROGUARDTM I-15 Hydroxylamine [2]. IPHA 15% may also be used in other applications, such as photographic processing, “popcorn” polymer inhibition, monomer stabilization, reducing agent, dye affinity aid; ORE recovery (chelator) and as a synthetic building block [1]. The estimated rate constant of oral absorption of IPHA 15% through human gastrointestinal tract (jejunum) is 0.014 min-1by ACD/ADME Suite version 5.0 (Advanced Chemistry development, Toronto, ON, Canada). This low rate of oral absorption is consistent with the pKa (6.16) of the basic (pH of 15% aqueous solution = 10.6) compound. Most of IPHA 15% will remain ionized in human jejunum which has a pH of 6.5, lowering oral absorption. Even with the slow rate of oral absorption, the overall amount of absorption is estimated to be 99% (ACD/ADME Suite). It has also been estimated to have a moderate volume of distribution of 1.1 L/kg in human, consistent with the low log Kow for this compound. Similarly, plasma protein binding of IPHA 15% is estimated to be ~52% in humans by ACD/ADME Suite. No toxicological information for IPHA 15% is found for comparison with the rate of absorption and acute toxicity. The steady-state dermal permeability coefficient of aqueous IPHA 15% through human epidermis has been estimated to be 7.42 x 10-4cm/h by Dermwin version 2.01 (EPI Suite version 4.0). On the basis of this data, negligible penetration of dermally applied IPHA 15% is expected. However, no dermal toxicity data are available for comparison. Distribution Due to its basic nature (pH = 10.6 of 15% aqueous solution [1]), non-lipophilicity (log Kow= 0.15) and moderate plasma protein binding (~52%), a moderate volume of distribution (1.1 L/kg) is estimated for IPHA 15% in humans by ACD/ADME Suite. Accumulation Due to moderate plasma protein binding and low volume of distribution, IPHA 15% is expected to have very low bioaccumulation potential. Metabolism No data on the metabolism of IPHA 15% in rat or other species has been reported. As shown in the chemical structure, IHPA contains the two moieties of isopropyl and hydroxyamine. Therefore, it’s metabolism will be predicted based on the metabolism of both isopropyl and hydroxyamine. The isopropyl group can be metabolized to by cytochrome P450 via hydroxylation, this will lead to the hydroxylated IPHA 15% metabolite. The hydroxyamine group is expected to be metabolically stable, and will not be further metabolized by cytochrome P450 or other Phase I or II enzymes,in vivoorin vitro. Based on these rationale, the potential metabolite of IPHA 15% will be hydroxylated isopropylhydroxyamine. Excretion Both IPHA 15% and the hydroxylated isopropylhydroxyamine metabolite are water-soluble; therefore, would be expected to excreted primarily in urine. Summary This analysis estimated a relative dermal absorption of 3.5% to 7.4% of the applied dose for an aqueous solution of N-isopropylhydroxylamine (IPHA 15%), CAS No. 5080-22-8. A literature search of several databases did not find experimental dermal absorption results for IPHA 15%. QSARs were used to estimate the skin permeability coefficient and which was then extrapolated to a relative dermal absorption. Although one analog of IPHA 15% was found, it did not have experimental dermal absorption results so read across could not be applied. Introduction An evaluation of the potential human dermal absorption was conducted for IPHA 15% in order to refine the DNEL derivation for the ANGUS Chemical registration of IPHA 15% for REACH. The previous DNEL analysis conservatively assumed 100% relative dermal absorption. 1. Physical state. The substance is in aqueous solution under the use conditions; liquids are taken up more readily than dry particulates. 2. Exposure. IPHA 15% is used in 15% aqueous solutions in HYDROGUARD and CHAINGUARD, these products are for industrial use in water-treatment operations and polymer reaction-control applications. It was suggested that transferring the chemical from a product container into a process tank would present the highest exposure potential; other tasks would expose the worker to more dilute solutions. 3. Physical and chemical properties. IPHA 15% has a molecular weight of 75. Molecular weight is an indicator of the molecule volume and the penetration rate of a molecule into the skin is inversely proportional to its volume. One would not expect the molecular weight of IPHA 15% to significantly limit is dermal penetration. 4. Octanol/water partition coefficient, Kow. The estimated log Kow for IPHA 15% is 0.15 and it is classified as lipophobic. The Kow, is the ratio of the chemical concentration in octanol to its concentration in water, with octanol acting as a model for the lipids (fats) in an organism. A log Kow value below 0 will limit penetration into the stratum corneum and limit dermal absorption. A high log Kow value corresponds to a highly lipophilic chemical which will tend to partition into the skin lipids rather than the aqueous matrix. 5. Vapor pressure. If a substance has a significant vapor pressure it may evaporate before it has time to penetrate the skin or the skin penetration may be significantly reduced. The vapor pressure for IPHA 15% was reported as 0.26 mm Hg at 20°C (15% aqueous IPHA 15% in CHAINGUARD™ ) and evaporation may reduce the dermal load and possibly limit the dermal penetration. 6. Lag time. This is the experimentally determined duration for the substance to penetrate the skin and be measured in the receptor fluid in the test cell. A long lag time may be due to the stratum corneum providing a barrier which prevents substance penetration. A long lag time may also be due to the substance penetrating slowly or formation of a skin residue. The calculations using the skin permeability coefficient assume the substance immediately penetrates the skin and do not consider the lag time in uptake. The USEPA DERMWIN v2.01 predicted tau as 0.281 hr, tau is lag time in update; it predicted t*as 0.674 hr, t* is time to steady state penetration. 7. Water solubility. This limits the substance concentration in an aqueous solution. Substances which are soluble tend to penetrate the skin well. Substances with a high water solubility may be too hydrophilic to cross the stratum corneum. IPHA 15% has a high predicted water solubility and it is hydrophilic. 8. Water dissociation. Substances which dissociate (ionize) in water do not tend to penetrate the skin well. IPHA 15% does not ionize. Therefore, using the REACH stepwise approach one would expect the low log Kow and the hydrophilic nature of IPHA 15% to limit its dermal penetration. Evaporation may reduce the dermal load and possibly limit the dermal penetration. IPHA 15% is an organic compound, an isomer of n-propanol, aliased dimethylmethanol, 2-propanol. IPHA 15% is a colorless, transparent liquid with a scent like a mixture of ethanol and acetone. Soluble in water, also soluble in most organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform, etc. IPHA 15% has a wide range of uses as an organic raw material and solvent. 1）As a chemical raw material, it can produce acetone, hydrogen peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isopropylamine, diisopropyl ether, isopropyl chloride, and fatty acid isopropyl ester and chloro fatty acid isopropyl ester. 2）In the fine chemical industry, it can be used to produce isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, triisopropyl phosphite, aluminum isopropoxide, pharmaceuticals and pesticides, etc. It can also be used to produce diisopropanone, isopropyl acetate and Thymol and gasoline additives. 3）IPHA 15% Can be used to produce coatings, inks, extractants, aerosols, etc. 4) In the electronics industry, IPHA 15% can be used as a cleaning and degreasing agent. 5) In the oil and fat industry, the extractant of cottonseed oil can also be used for degreasing of animal-derived tissue membranes. IPHA 15% (IUPAC name propan-2-ol; commonly called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a colorless, flammable chemical compound (chemical formula CH3CHOHCH3) with a strong odor.[8] As an isopropyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, it is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of 1-propanol and ethyl methyl ether. IPHA 15% is used in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial and household chemicals and is a common ingredient in chemicals such as antiseptics, disinfectants, and detergents. Names of IPHA 15% IPHA 15% IPHA 15% is also known as 2-propanol, sec-propyl alcohol, IPA, or isopropanol. IUPAC considers isopropanol an incorrect name as the hydrocarbon isopropane does not exist. Properties of IPHA 15% IPHA 15% is miscible in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. It dissolves ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, many oils, alkaloids, gums and natural resins.[9] Unlike ethanol or methanol, IPHA 15% is not miscible with salt solutions and can be separated from aqueous solutions by adding a salt such as sodium chloride. The process is colloquially called salting out, and causes concentrated IPHA 15% to separate into a distinct layer. IPHA 15% forms an azeotrope with water, which gives a boiling point of 80.37 °C (176.67 °F) and a composition of 87.7 wt% (91 vol%) IPHA 15%. Water–IPHA 15% mixtures have depressed melting points.[10] It has a slightly bitter taste, and is not safe to drink. IPHA 15% becomes increasingly viscous with decreasing temperature and freezes at −89 °C (−128 °F). IPHA 15% has a maximal absorbance at 205 nm in an ultraviolet–visible spectrum. Reactions of IPHA 15% IPHA 15% can be oxidized to acetone, which is the corresponding ketone. This can be achieved using oxidizing agents such as chromic acid, or by dehydrogenation of IPHA 15% over a heated copper catalyst: (CH3)2CHOH → (CH3)2CO + H2 IPHA 15% is often used as both solvent and hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction and other transfer hydrogenation reactions. IPHA 15% may be converted to 2-bromopropane using phosphorus tribromide, or dehydrated to propene by heating with sulfuric acid. Like most alcohols, IPHA 15% reacts with active metals such as potassium to form alkoxides that can be called isopropoxides. The reaction with aluminium (initiated by a trace of mercury) is used to prepare the catalyst aluminium isopropoxide.[14] History of IPHA 15% In 1920, Standard Oil first produced IPHA 15% by hydrating propene. Its major use at the time was not rubbing alcohol but for oxidation to acetone, whose first major use was in World War I for the preparation of cordite, a smokeless, low explosive propellant. Production of IPHA 15% In 1994, 1.5 million tonnes of IPHA 15% were produced in the United States, Europe, and Japan.[16] It is primarily produced by combining water and propene in a hydration reaction or by hydrogenating acetone. There are two routes for the hydration process and both processes require that the IPHA 15% be separated from water and other by-products by distillation. IPHA 15% and water form an azeotrope, and simple distillation gives a material that is 87.9% by weight IPHA 15% and 12.1% by weight water.[18] Pure (anhydrous) IPHA 15% is made by azeotropic distillation of the wet IPHA 15% using either diisopropyl ether or cyclohexane as azeotroping agents.[16] Biological of IPHA 15% Small amounts of IPHA 15% are produced in the body in diabetic ketoacidosis.[19] Indirect hydration of IPHA 15% Indirect hydration reacts propene with sulfuric acid to form a mixture of sulfate esters. This process can use low-quality propene, and is predominant in the USA. These processes give primarily IPHA 15% rather than 1-propanol, because adding water or sulfuric acid to propene follows Markovnikov's rule. Subsequent hydrolysis of these esters by steam produces IPHA 15%, by distillation. Diisopropyl ether is a significant by-product of this process; it is recycled back to the process and hydrolyzed to give the desired product. CH3CH=CH2 + H2O H2SO4⟶ (CH3)2CHOH Direct hydration of IPHA 15% See also: Heteropoly acid Direct hydration reacts propene and water, either in gas or liquid phase, at high pressures in the presence of solid or supported acidic catalysts. This type of process usually requires higher-purity propylene (> 90%).[16] Direct hydration is more commonly used in Europe. Hydrogenation of acetone IPHA 15% may be prepared via the hydrogenation of acetone, however this approach involves an extra step compared to the above methods, as acetone is itself normally prepared from propene via the cumene process.[16] It may remain economical depending on the value of the products. A known issue is the formation of MIBK and other self-condensation products. Raney nickel was one of the original industrial catalysts, modern catalysts are often supported bimetallic materials. This is an efficient process and easy Uses of IPHA 15% One of the small scale uses of isopropanol is in cloud chambers. Isopropanol has ideal physical and chemical properties to form a supersaturated layer of vapor which can be condensed by particles of radiation. In 1990, 45,000 metric tonnes of IPHA 15% were used in the United States, mostly as a solvent for coatings or for industrial processes. In that year, 5400 metric tonnes were used for household purposes and in personal care products. IPHA 15% is popular in particular for pharmaceutical applications,[16] due to its low toxicity. Some IPHA 15% is used as a chemical intermediate. IPHA 15% may be converted to acetone, but the cumene process is more significant. [16] Solvent of IPHA 15% IPHA 15% dissolves a wide range of non-polar compounds. It also evaporates quickly, leaves nearly zero oil traces, compared to ethanol, and is relatively non-toxic, compared to alternative solvents. Thus, it is used widely as a solvent and as a cleaning fluid, especially for dissolving oils. Together with ethanol, n-butanol, and methanol, it belongs to the group of alcohol solvents, about 6.4 million tonnes of which were used worldwide in 2011.[20] IPHA 15% is commonly used for cleaning eyeglasses, electrical contacts, audio or video tape heads, DVD and other optical disc lenses, removing thermal paste from heatsinks on CPUs and other IC packages, etc. Intermediate IPHA 15% is esterified to give isopropyl acetate, another solvent. It reacts with carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide to give sodium isopropylxanthate, a herbicide and an ore flotation reagent.[21] IPHA 15% reacts with titanium tetrachloride and aluminium metal to give titanium and aluminium isopropoxides, respectively, the former a catalyst, and the latter a chemical reagent.[16] This compound may serve as a chemical reagent in itself, by acting as a dihydrogen donor in transfer hydrogenation. Medical of IPHA 15% Rubbing alcohol, hand sanitizer, and disinfecting pads typically contain a 60–70% solution of IPHA 15% or ethanol in water. Water is required to open up membrane pores of bacteria, which acts as a gateway for IPHA 15%. A 75% v/v solution in water may be used as a hand sanitizer.[22] IPHA 15% is used as a water-drying aid for the prevention of otitis externa, better known as swimmer's ear.[23] Early uses as an anesthetic Although IPHA 15% can be used for anesthesia, its many negative attributes or drawbacks prohibit this use. IPHA 15% can also be used similarly to ether as a solvent[24] or as an anesthetic by inhaling the fumes or orally. Early uses included using the solvent as general anesthetic for small mammals[25] and rodents by scientists and some veterinarians. However, it was soon discontinued, as many complications arose, including respiratory irritation, internal bleeding, and visual and hearing problems. In rare cases, respiratory failure leading to death in animals was observed. Automotive IPHA 15% is a major ingredient in "gas dryer" fuel additives. In significant quantities, water is a problem in fuel tanks, as it separates from gasoline and can freeze in the supply lines at low temperatures. Alcohol does not remove water from gasoline, but the alcohol solubilizes water in gasoline. Once soluble, water does not pose the same risk as insoluble water, as it no longer accumulates in the supply lines and freezes but is consumed with the fuel itself. IPHA 15% is often sold in aerosol cans as a windshield or door lock deicer. IPHA 15% is also used to remove brake fluid traces from hydraulic braking systems, so that the brake fluid (usually DOT 3, DOT 4, or mineral oil) does not contaminate the brake pads and cause poor braking. Mixtures of IPHA 15% and water are also commonly used in homemade windshield washer fluid. Laboratory As a biological specimen preservative, IPHA 15% provides a comparatively non-toxic alternative to formaldehyde and other synthetic preservatives. IPHA 15% solutions of 70–99% are used to preserve specimens. IPHA 15% is often used in DNA extraction. A lab worker adds it to a DNA solution to precipitate the DNA, which then forms a pellet after centrifugation. This is possible because DNA is insoluble in IPHA 15%. Safety of IPHA 15% IPHA 15% vapor is denser than air and is flammable, with a flammability range of between 2 and 12.7% in air. It should be kept away from heat and open flame.[26] Distillation of IPHA 15% over magnesium has been reported to form peroxides, which may explode upon concentration. IPHA 15% is a skin irritant. Wearing protective gloves is recommended. Toxicology of IPHA 15% IPHA 15% and its metabolite, acetone, act as central nervous system (CNS) depressants.[31] Poisoning can occur from ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Symptoms of IPHA 15% poisoning include flushing, headache, dizziness, CNS depression, nausea, vomiting, anesthesia, hypothermia, low blood pressure, shock, respiratory depression, and coma.[31] Overdoses may cause a fruity odor on the breath as a result of its metabolism to acetone.[32] IPHA 15% does not cause an anion gap acidosis but it produces an osmolal gap between the calculated and measured osmolalities of serum, as do the other alcohols.[31] IPHA 15% is oxidized to form acetone by alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver,[31] and has a biological half-life in humans between 2.5 and 8.0 hours.[31] Unlike methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning, the metabolites of IPHA 15% are considerably less toxic, and treatment is largely supportive. Furthermore, there is no indication for the use of fomepizole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, unless co-ingestion with methanol or ethylene glycol is suspected. In forensic pathology, people who have died as a result of diabetic ketoacidosis usually have blood concentrations of IPHA 15% of tens of mg/dL, while those by fatal IPHA 15% ingestion usually have blood concentrations of hundreds of mg/dL.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a fatty acid ester.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is an ester of isopropyl alcohol myristic acid.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is mainly used as a solubilizer, emulsifier and emollient in cosmetic and topical medicines.

CAS: 110-27-0
MF: C17H34O2
MW: 270.45
EINECS: 203-751-4

Synonyms
Isopropyl Myristate, 96% 25GR;IPM 100;IPM-EX;IPM-R;Radia 7730 (IPM);Isopropyl myristate Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%;MYRISTIC ACID ISOPROPYL ESTER MINIMU;ISO-PROPYL N-TETRADECANOATE;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE;110-27-0;Isopropyl tetradecanoate;Estergel;Isomyst;Tetradecanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester;Bisomel;Promyr;Deltyl Extra;Kesscomir;Tegester;Sinnoester MIP;Crodamol IPM;Plymoutm IPM;Starfol IPM;Unimate IPM;Kessco IPM;Stepan D-50;Emcol-IM;Wickenol 101;Emerest 2314;propan-2-yl tetradecanoate;1-Methylethyl tetradecanoate;Deltylextra;Myristic acid isopropyl ester;JA-FA IPM;Crodamol I.P.M.;Kessco isopropyl myristate;FEMA No. 3556;Tetradecanoic acid, isopropyl;Myristic acid, isopropyl ester;Tetradecanoic acid, isopropyl ester;Caswell No. 511E;HSDB 626;NSC 406280;Isopropyl myristate [USAN];1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid, isopropyl ester;UNII-0RE8K4LNJS;0RE8K4LNJS;EINECS 203-751-4;Estergel (TN);EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000207;NSC-406280;BRN 1781127;methylethyl tetradecanoate;MFCD00008982;iso-Propyl N-tetradecanoate;DTXSID0026838;CHEBI:90027;EC 203-751-4;Tetradecanoic acid methyethyl ester;1405-98-7;NCGC00164071-01;WE(2:0(1Me)/14:0);MYRISTIC ACID, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL ESTER;Isopropyl myristate, 98%;TETRADECONOIC ACID, 1-METHYLETHYL ESTER;DTXCID306838;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (II);ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [II];ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (MART.);ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [MART.];ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (USP-RS);ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [USP-RS];CAS-110-27-0;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (EP MONOGRAPH);ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [EP MONOGRAPH];IPM-EX;IPM-R;tetradecanoic acid 1-methylethyl ester;Deltyextra;Tegosoft M;Isopropyl myristate [USAN:NF];Liponate IPM;Crodamol 1PM;IPM 100;isopropyl-myristate;Lexol IPM;Isopropyltetradecanoate;Radia 7190;Isopropyl myristate (NF);Isopropyl tetradecanoic acid;SCHEMBL2442;Myristic acid-isopropyl ester;Isopropyl myristate, >=98%;CHEMBL207602;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [MI];WLN: 13VOY1&1;FEMA 3556;tetradecanoic acid isopropyl ester;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [FHFI];ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [HSDB];ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [INCI];ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [VANDF];Isopropyl myristate, >=90% (GC);Tox21_112080;Tox21_202065;Tox21_303171;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [WHO-DD];LMFA07010677;NSC406280;s2428;AKOS015902296;Tox21_112080_1;DB13966;USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 000207;NCGC00164071-02;NCGC00164071-03;NCGC00256937-01;NCGC00259614-01;LS-14615;HY-124190;CS-0085813;FT-0629053;M0481;NS00006471;D02296;F71211;Isopropyl myristate; 1-Methylethyl tetradecanoate;EN300-25299830;Q416222;SR-01000944751;Isopropyl myristate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%;Q-201418;SR-01000944751-1;Isopropyl myristate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard;TETRADECANOIC ACID,ISOPROPYL ESTER (MYRISTATE,ISOPROPYL ESTER);Isopropyl myristate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material;InChI=1/C17H34O2/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-17(18)19-16(2)3/h16H,4-15H2,1-3H

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) also finds applications as a flavoring agent in the food industry.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
Weight 1.5 g sample.
Then IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is determined by the method ester assay (OT-18).
The equivalent factor (e) in the calculation is 135.2.
Or IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is determined by a non-polar column method of gas chromatography (GT-10-4).
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is odorless when pure.
May be synthesized by conventional esterification of isopropanol with myristic acid.
Pure IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is virtually odorless, very slightly fatty, but not rancid.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is an emollient, it helps to strengthen the skin barrier, ensuring that moisture stays locked in.
As an emollient, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) also helps soften and smooth dry skin, which is why this is a great ingredient for those with dry or flaky skin.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) can also acts as a lubricant, thickening agent or a moisturiser in your cosmetic product.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used to give your product a slicker, smoother feel rather than an oily one.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is the ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a moisturizer with polar characteristics used in cosmetics and topical medical preparations to ameliorate the skin absorption.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) has been largely studied and impulsed as a skin penetration enhancer.
At the moment the primary usage for which IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is formally indicated is as the active ingredient in a non-prescription pediculicide rinse.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a polar emoliant and is used in cosmetic and topical medicinal preparations where good absorption into the skin is desired.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is being studied as a skin enhancer.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is also used as a pesticide against head lice which works by dissolving the wax that covers the exoskeleton of head lice, killing them by dehydration.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used in the same way in flea and tick killing products for pets.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used to remove bacteria from the oral cavity as the non-aqueous component of the two-phase mouthwash product "Dentyl pH".
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is is also used as a solvent in perfume materials and in the removal process of prosthetic make-up.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a synthetic oil widely used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries as a lubricant, emollient, and as a non-toxic alternative for controlling head lice.
The oil is manufactured by condensing myristic acid with isopropyl alcohol and is colorless and mild in odor.
This multi-purpose oil is an ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a propane derivative; mirystic acid is a fatty acid common in plant sources such as nutmeg and palm seeds.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) possesses several unique characteristics which make it a valuable additive in many cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.
Certainly one of the most significant of these is the oil's ease of absorption by the skin.
Used as an emollient in creams and lotions, isopropyl myristate ensures deep, quick penetration for these preparations.

This deep penetrating characteristic does have a downside however; extensive use of products containing the oil may lead to pore clogging.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) still remains a valuable absorption carrier, though, and is common component of moisturizers, bath oils, and lotions.
Although itself an oil, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) also reduces greasiness in cosmetics.
When added to lip products and creams, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) lends the cosmetics a slick, sheer texture without any greasy feel.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is also a common ingredient in pharmaceutical formulations.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is often used as a non-pesticide alternative for treating head lice infestations.
The oil destroys the wax layer which insulates the lice and causes death by dehydration.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is also effective at controlling oral bacteria and is used in several mouthwash products.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) Chemical Properties
Melting point: ~3 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 193 °C/20 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 0.85 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.434(lit.)
FEMA: 3556 | ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: <0.05mg/l
Form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.855 (20/4℃)
Color: Clear
Odor: odorless
Water Solubility: Miscible with alcohol. Immiscible with water and glycerol.
Merck: 14,5215
JECFA Number: 311
BRN: 1781127
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: AXISYYRBXTVTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 7.71
CAS DataBase Reference: 110-27-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) (110-27-0)
EPA Substance Registry System: IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) (110-27-0)

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a colorless and odorless liquid with a faint odor, and miscible with vegetable oil.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is not easy to be either hydrolyzed or become rancid.
The refractive index nD20 is 1.435~1.438, and the relative density (20°C) is 0.85~0.86.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used in many applications, including pharma, food and personal care product manufacturing.

Uses
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a fatty acid ester which is used as solvent in water-in-oil emulsion, oils and fatty based ointments.
The use of IPM is recommended in the Sterility Test chapter of the European, Japanese and United States Pharmacopoeia (EP, 2.6.13, JP, 4.06 and USP, 71) as diluent for oils and oily solutions, as well as for ointments and creams.
Indeed, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate)'s solvent properties improve the filterability of these samples.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is known as a penetration enhancer for topical preparations.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a waterclear, low viscous oily liquid with a very good spreading capacity on the skin.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is mainly used in cosmetics as an oilcomponent for emulsions, bath oils and as a solvent for active substances.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is an emollient in cosmetic and pharmaceutical bases.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is an emollient, moisturizer, binder, and skin softener that also assists in product penetration.
An ester of myristic acid, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is naturally occurring in coconut oil and nutmeg.
Although IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is generally considered comedogenic, some ingredient manufacturers clearly specify non-comedogenicity on their data sheets.
In cosmetic and topical medicinal Preparations where good absorption through the skin is desired. A jellied IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) was marketed as Estergel.

IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a polar emollient and is used in cosmetic and topical pharmaceutical preparations where skin absorption is desired.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is also used as a treatment for head lice.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is also in flea and tick killing products for pets.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used to remove bacteria from the oral cavity as the non-aqueous component of the two-phase mouthwash product "Dentyl pH".
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is also used as a solvent in perfume materials, and in the removal process of prosthetic make-up.
Hydrolysis of the ester from IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) can liberate the acid and the alcohol. The acid is theorized to be responsible for decreasing of the pH value of formulations.[3][4]

Pharmaceutical Applications
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a nongreasy emollient that is absorbed readily by the skin.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used as a component of semisolid bases and as a solvent for many substances applied topically.
Applications in topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations include bath oils; make-up; hair and nail care products; creams; lotions; lip products; shaving products; skin lubricants; deodorants; otic suspensions; and vaginal creams.
For example, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a self-emulsifying component of a proposed cold cream formula, which is suitable for use as a vehicle for drugs or dermatological actives; it is also used cosmetically in stable mixtures of water and glycerol.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used as a penetration enhancer for transdermal formulations, and has been used in conjunction with therapeutic ultrasound and iontophoresis.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) has been used in a water-oil gel prolonged-release emulsion and in various microemulsions.
Such microemulsions may increase bioavailability in topical and transdermal applications.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) has also been used in microspheres, and significantly increased the release of drug from etoposide-loaded microspheres.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used in soft adhesives for pressuresensitive adhesive tapes.

Pharmacology
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used in pharmaceutical preparations because it improves solubility and increases absorption through the skin.
External uses include a non-irritating iodine preparation for disinfecting the skin and aerosol bactericidal preparations for feminine hygiene use without irritation of the skin and mucous membranes.
Preparations for internal use include oral steroid formulations and anaesthetic injection solutions.
Veterinary medications containing isopropyl myristate include oral or parenteral compositions for lungworm infections and a spray formulation for bovine udders to treat mastitis, combat infection and improve the general skin condition.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) has been found to be an effective repository vehicle for im injection of penicillin in rabbits and for sc administration of oestrogens in ovariectomized rats.
In assays on human forearms, vasoconstrictor activity of ointment preparations containing 0025% betamethasone 17-benzoate in white soft paraffin was increased by the presence of IPM (Isopropyl Myristate).
Donovan, Ohmart & Stoklosa (1954) noted that the good solvent properties of IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) might increase the therapeutic activity of formulations by the apparent alteration in particle size of the active ingredients, so that further evaluation and clinical study would be necessary before its use in extemporaneous compounding could be recommended.
Studies in which the antifungal activity of paraben esters solubilized by surfactants was decreased by IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) indicate that the effectiveness of medicinal substances may be influenced by the presence of surfactants and oily ingredients such as isopropyl myristate.

Production Method
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a product of esterification of myristic acid derived from re-steamed coconut coil with isopropyl alcohol.
(1) 200 kg myristic acid and 450 kg isopropyl alcohol were added into the reaction vessel in turn.
After mixing, 360 kg sulfuric acid (98%) was added.
The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 10 hours.
Isopropyl alcohol was then recovered, washed with ice water, and neutralized with Na2CO3 aqueous solution (10%).
Under normal pressure, isopropyl alcohol and water were distilled.
While under reduced pressure, isopropyl myristate was distilled (185°C/1.0kPa~195°C/2.7kPa).

(2) 90 kg isopropyl alcohol was added into the reaction vessel and then sulfuric acid as catalyst, with 5% of the total amount, was added.
During mixing, 228 kg myristic acid was added slowly.
The mixture was heated to reflux and water was continuously separated.
Until no water was separated, the reaction temperature was reduced and probe was obtained to measure the acid value.
When the acid value reached 1.5 mg KOH/g, the reaction was completed.
Alkali was then added for neutralization.
After the removal of water under reduced pressure, the pressure was further reduced for dealcoholization until the acid value was 0.05~1.0 mg KOH/g.
The final product is then IPM (Isopropyl Myristate).

Production Methods
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) may be prepared either by the esterification of myristic acid with propan-2-ol or by the reaction of myristoyl chloride and propan-2-ol with the aid of a suitable dehydrochlorinating agent.
A high-purity material is also commercially available, produced by enzymatic esterification at low temperature.

Contact allergens
Despite wide use in cosmetics, perfumes, and topical medicaments, IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is a very weak sen- sitizer and a mild irritant.

Biochem/physiol Actions
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used to change the physicochemical characteristics of microsheres such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres.
IPM (Isopropyl Myristate) is used as a oil phase component in the formulaton of microemulsion systems.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a colorless and odorless liquid with a faint odor, and miscible with vegetable oil.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is not easy to be either hydrolyzed or become rancid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in many applications, including pharma, food and personal care product manufacturing.

CAS Number: 110-27-0
Molecular Formula: C17H34O2
Molecular Weight: 270.45
EINECS Number: 203-751-4

Synonyms: ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE, 110-27-0, Isopropyl tetradecanoate, Estergel, Tetradecanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester, Bisomel, Isomyst, Promyr, Deltyl Extra, Kesscomir, Tegester, Sinnoester MIP, Crodamol IPM, Plymoutm IPM, Starfol IPM, Unimate IPM, Kessco IPM, Emcol-IM, propan-2-yl tetradecanoate, Wickenol 101, Myristic acid isopropyl ester, Stepan D-50, Emerest 2314, 1-Methylethyl tetradecanoate, Deltylextra, JA-FA IPM, Crodamol I.P.M., Kessco isopropyl myristate, Tetradecanoic acid, isopropyl, FEMA No. 3556, Myristic acid, isopropyl ester, Tetradecanoic acid, isopropyl ester, Caswell No. 511E, Isopropyl myristate [USAN], 1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid, isopropyl ester, HSDB 626, NSC 406280, UNII-0RE8K4LNJS, 0RE8K4LNJS, EINECS 203-751-4, Estergel (TN), EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000207, NSC-406280, BRN 1781127, methylethyl tetradecanoate, MFCD00008982, iso-Propyl N-tetradecanoate, DTXSID0026838, CHEBI:90027, EC 203-751-4, Tetradecanoic acid methyethyl ester, 1405-98-7, NCGC00164071-01, WE(2:0(1Me)/14:0), isopropylmyristate, MYRISTIC ACID, ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL ESTER, Isopropyl myristate, 98%, TETRADECONOIC ACID, 1-METHYLETHYL ESTER, DTXCID306838, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (II), ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [II], ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (MART.), ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [MART.], ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (USP-RS), ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [USP-RS], CAS-110-27-0, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE (EP MONOGRAPH), ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [EP MONOGRAPH], IPM-EX, Isopropyl myristate; 1-Methylethyl tetradecanoate, IPM-R, tetradecanoic acid 1-methylethyl ester, Deltyextra, Myristic acid-isopropyl ester, Tegosoft M, Isopropyl myristate [USAN:NF], Liponate IPM, Crodamol 1PM, IPM 100, isopropyl-myristate, Lexol IPM, Isopropyltetradecanoate, Radia 7190, Isopropyl myristate (NF), Isopropyl tetradecanoic acid, SCHEMBL2442, Isopropyl myristate, >=98%, CHEMBL207602, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [MI], WLN: 13VOY1&1, FEMA 3556, tetradecanoic acid isopropyl ester, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [FHFI], ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [HSDB], ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [VANDF], Isopropyl myristate, >=90% (GC), Tox21_112080, Tox21_202065, Tox21_303171, ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE [WHO-DD], LMFA07010677, NSC406280, s2428, AKOS015902296, Tox21_112080_1, DB13966, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 000207, NCGC00164071-02, NCGC00164071-03, NCGC00256937-01, NCGC00259614-01, LS-14615, DB-040910, HY-124190,CS-0085813, M0481, NS00006471, Isopropyl Myristate Solution. 500mL, Sterile, D02296, F71211, EN300-25299830, Q416222, SR-01000944751, Isopropyl myristate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, Q-201418 SR-01000944751-1, Isopropyl myristate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, TETRADECANOIC ACID,ISOPROPYL ESTER (MYRISTATE,ISOPROPYL ESTER), Isopropyl myristate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, InChI 1/C17H34O2/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-17(18)19-16(2)3/h16H,4-15H2,1-3H.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a product of esterification of myristic acid derived from re-steamed coconut coil with isopropyl alcohol.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate was then recovered, washed with ice water, and neutralized with Na2CO3 aqueous solution (10%).
The refractive index nD20 is 1.435~1.438, and the relative density (20°C) is 0.85~0.86.

Under normal pressure, IPM-Isopropyl myristate and water were distilled.
While under reduced pressure, IPM-Isopropyl myristate was distilled (185°C/1.0kPa~195°C/2.7kPa).
IPM-Isopropyl myristate was added into the reaction vessel and then sulfuric acid as catalyst, with 5% of the total amount, was added.

During mixing, 228 kg myristic acid was added slowly.
The mixture was heated to reflux and water was continuously separated.
Until no water was separated, the reaction temperature was reduced and probe was obtained to measure the acid value.

When the acid value reached 1.5 mg KOH/g, the reaction was completed.
Alkali was then added for neutralization.
After the removal of water under reduced pressure, the pressure was further reduced for dealcoholization until the acid value was 0.05~1.0 mg KOH/g.

The final product is then IPM-Isopropyl myristate.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is odorless when pure.
May be synthesized by conventional esterification of isopropanol with myristic acid.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a clear, colorless, practically odorless liquid of low viscosity that congeals at about 5°C.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate consists of esters of propan-2-ol and saturated high molecular weight fatty acids, principally myristic acid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an ester of isopropyl alcohol myristic acid. It is mainly used as a solubilizer, emulsifier and emollient in cosmetic and topical medicines.

It also finds applications as a flavoring agent in the food industry.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a nongreasy emollient that is absorbed readily by the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a component of semisolid bases and as a solvent for many substances applied topically.
Applications in topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations include bath oils; make-up; hair and nail care products; creams; lotions; lip products; shaving products; skin lubricants; deodorants; otic suspensions; and vaginal creams.
For example, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a self-emulsifying component of a proposed cold cream formula, which is suitable for use as a vehicle for drugs or dermatological actives; it is also used cosmetically in stable mixtures of water and glycerol.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a penetration enhancer for transdermal formulations, and has been used in conjunction with therapeutic ultrasound and iontophoresis.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate has been used in a water-oil gel prolonged-release emulsion and in various microemulsions.
Such microemulsions may increase bioavailability in topical and transdermal applications.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate has also been used in microspheres, and significantly increased the release of drug from etoposide-loaded microspheres.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in soft adhesives for pressuresensitive adhesive tapes.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an emollient, it helps to strengthen the skin barrier, ensuring that moisture stays locked in.

As an emollient, it also helps soften and smooth dry skin, which is why this is a great ingredient for those with dry or flaky skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate, also commonly known as IPM is a clear, light yellow liquid which oily in appearance and virtually odourless.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is soluble in most solvents but considered insoluble in water.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is manufactured by the esterification of isopropyl alcohol with myristic acid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a compound composed of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid, a common, naturally occurring fatty acid.
It is used in cosmetics and topical pharmaceutical preparations where skin absorption is desired.

Additionally, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a treatment for head lice, in tick and flea products for pets, as a solvent in perfumes, and in cosmetics and topical medicines where good absorption through the skin is desired.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate should be used with caution as combining it with some toxic materials will cause the skin to absorb them more easily.
It is also known for its ability to enhance the penetration of other ingredients in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.

Furthermore, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a solvent in perfume materials and in the removal process of prosthetic make-up.
It is important to note that IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a polar emollient and is used in cosmetic and topical pharmaceutical preparations where skin absorption is desired.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in pharmaceutical preparations because it improves solubility and increases absorption through the skin.

External uses include a non-irritating iodine preparation for disinfecting the skin and aerosol bactericidal preparations for feminine hygiene use without irritation of the skin and mucous membranes.
Preparations for internal use include oral steroid formulations and anaesthetic injection solutions.
Veterinary medications containing IPM-Isopropyl myristate include oral or parenteral compositions for lungworm infections and a spray formulation for bovine udders to treat mastitis, combat infection and improve the general skin condition.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate has been found to be an effective repository vehicle for im injection of penicillin in rabbits and for sc administration of oestrogens in ovariectomized rats.
In assays on human forearms, vasoconstrictor activity of ointment preparations containing 0025% betamethasone 17-benzoate in white soft paraffin was increased by the presence of IPM-Isopropyl myristate.
Donovan, noted that the good solvent properties of IPM-Isopropyl myristate might increase the therapeutic activity of formulations by the apparent alteration in particle size of the active ingredients, so that further evaluation and clinical study would be necessary before its use in extemporaneous compounding could be recommended.

Studies in which the antifungal activity of paraben esters solubilized by surfactants was decreased by IPM-Isopropyl myristate indicate that the effectiveness of medicinal substances may be influenced by the presence of surfactants and oily ingredients such as isopropyl myristate.
A clear, colorless oil-like liquid that makes the skin feel smooth and nice (aka emollient) and it does so without it being greasy.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate can even reduce the heavy, greasy feel in products with high oil content.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate's also fast-spreading meaning that it gives the formula a good, nice slip.
It absorbs quickly into the skin and helps other ingredients to penetrate quicker and deeper.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a polar emoliant and is used in cosmetic and topical medicinal preparations where good absorption into the skin is desired.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is being studied as a skin enhancer.
It is also used as a pesticide against head lice which works by dissolving the wax that covers the exoskeleton of head lice, killing them by dehydration.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in the same way in flea and tick killing products for pets.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to remove bacteria from the oral cavity as the non-aqueous component of the two-phase mouthwash product "Dentyl pH".
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is is also used as a solvent in perfume materials and in the removal process of prosthetic make-up.
Hydrolisis of the ester from IPM-Isopropyl myristate is can liberate the acid and the alcohol.

The acid could be responsible for the decreasing of the pH value of formulations.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to change the physicochemical characteristics of microsheres such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a oil phase component in the formulaton of microemulsion systems.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is the ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
It mainly works as an emollient in cosmetics and personal care products.
It has an oily base with low viscosity and adapts well to the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a texture enhancer and emollient as used in cosmetics.
It can also help to enhance the absorption of ingredients in a cosmetic formula.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate works as an emollient, thickener, and a lubricant in beauty products.

It locks in the hydration, and enhances the penetration of other ingredients in the formulation.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an effective agent for solubilizing lanolin.
Therefore, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a solubilizing, spreading, and penetrating agent in anhydrous skin lubricating lotions with high lanolin content.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate leaves the skin soft and smooth without an oily surface film.
It can even reduce the heavy, greasy feel in products with high oil content.
It's also fast-spreading meaning that it gives the formula a good, nice slip.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate works as a hydrating agent, emollient, and enhancer.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate hydrates the hair and the scalp and enhances the penetration of other ingredients in the formulation.
It is not recommended for particularly thin hair, as it can make it appear greasy, or an oily scalp or hair, as it can lead to clogged pores

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is commercially produced by distillation, before which the esterification of myristic acid and isopropanol is carried out, and the resulting alkali is refined to neutralize the catalyst, and the product is then distilled to obtain isopropyl myristate.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a synthetic oil composed of isopropyl alcohol, a propane derivative, and myristic acid, a naturally occurring fatty acid.
It's a common cosmetic component in a wide range of beauty products, including aftershaves, antiperspirants, and anti-ageing lotions.

The use of IPM-Isopropyl myristate in skincare products has the advantage of assisting in the dissolution of other skincare components, enabling them to be dispersed uniformly throughout the formulation.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is especially beneficial for dry and flaky skin as it acts as a brilliant emollient and helps in softening and smoothing skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate also eliminates germs, which is one of its key advantages.

As a result, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is frequently used in hand sanitizers.
This, together with the fact that IPM-Isopropyl myristate evaporates quickly, makes it an excellent component in both skincare and hand sanitizer products.
It works as an emollient for your DIY formulation, which increases the product’s spreadability and improves texture.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a widely used ingredient in various industries due to its unique properties.
It is a synthetic compound formed by the esterification of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is known for its excellent solvency, low viscosity, and non-greasy feel, which makes it suitable for many applications.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a popular ingredient in cosmetics and personal care products due to its ability to act as an emollient, providing a smooth and silky texture.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is commonly found in lotions, creams, sunscreens, hair conditioners, and makeup products.
In the pharmaceutical industry, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a carrier and penetration enhancer for topical drug delivery.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate helps active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) penetrate the skin more effectively, enhancing the drug's therapeutic effects.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is sometimes used in insect repellents to improve the spreadability and effectiveness of the active ingredients.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate helps disperse the repellent agents evenly on the skin, making them more efficient at repelling insects.

Due to its low viscosity and non-greasy properties, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a lubricant in various mechanical and industrial applications.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in adhesive formulations to improve the adhesive properties and reduce tackiness.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be found in paint and coating formulations to improve their spreadability and reduce drying time.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in some cleaning products due to its ability to dissolve oils and greases effectively.
In the food industry, IPM can be used as a flavor carrier and dispersing agent for various food additives.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in some pesticide formulations as a solvent and dispersing agent for active ingredients.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a fast spreading emollient suitable for all cosmetic applications.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an emollient ester of low viscosity; light weight oil.
A non-greasy emollient, it is readily adsorbed by the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in formulations to help reduce the greasiness of whipped butters and emulsions
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is known for promoting the absorption of medicines and other products through the skin.
It is commonly found in creams, lotions and topical medicines.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also used as a thickener, emollient and humectant, solvent, binder and diluent in perfumes and food flavorings.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate plays a key role in the dissolution of lanolin.
Mixtures containing up to 50 % lanolin in IPM-Isopropyl myristate remain stable non-viscous liquids at room temperature.

The oil is therefore used as a solvent and penetrant in anhydrous skin lotions with high lanolin content.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a solvent for varnishes and paints, since the formulations used in the manufacture of paints and varnishes consist of many different organic substances.
In cosmetics, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is derived from isopropanol and myristic acid (a fatty acid naturally present in coconut and palm oils).

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a very mild emollient that can be used as a carrier oil in a variety of applications.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is included in formulations to dramatically reduce the sensation of greasiness and/or heaviness; it is excellent in formulations with a high content of butters known for their heavier skin feel (e.g. shea).
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also an excellent mild skin softener and can be included in recipes as an alternative to liquid carrier oil for lighter and faster absorption.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate can also be used to thicken cosmetic preparations.
In higher concentrations it can also be used in products such as make-up removers.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is commonly found in products such as: creams, lotions, hand creams, shampoos, shower gels, make-up removers, powders and make-up foundations.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an ester of isopropyl alcohol (aka rubbing alcohol) and myristic acid (a fatty acid that naturally occurs in coconut and palm oils).
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a very lightweight emollient and can be used like a carrier oil in many applications.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a texture enhancer and emollient as used in cosmetics.

There is also research showing it can help enhance the absorption of ingredients in a cosmetic formula.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is often called out as being a particularly bad pore-clogging ingredient; however, this assessment comes from dated research that doesn’t apply to how this ingredient is used in today’s cosmetics.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in some foods.

Purified IPM-Isopropyl myristate occurs as a hard, white or faintly yellow, glossy crystalline solid, or as a white or yellow-white powder.
Salts ofIPM-Isopropyl myristate may also be used in cosmetics and personal care products.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate and its salts and esters may be used in eye makeup, soaps and detergents, hair care products, nail care products, shaving products and other skin care products.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate by MakingCosmetics is an oil-free emollient fluid.
It is an ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid (vegetable-derived).
IPM-Isopropyl myristate tolerates wide pH range and is compatible with most surfactants.

It shows high spreadability due to its low density and viscosity.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is suitable for non-greasy bath, body and baby oils.
It also acts as a lubricant and compression aid for pressed powders.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is light & non-tacky ingredient for creams and lotions.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is readily absorbed by the skin and is resistant to oxidation (does not become rancid).
IPM-Isopropyl myristate gently lifts makeup and surface dirt at high concentrations.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate offers gloss and shine to hair.
It is widely used as a diluent for fragrance oils.

Recommended for hand creams, shampoos, shower gels, makeup removers and foundations.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is GMO- & preservative-free and vegan certified.

Melting point: ~3 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 193 °C/20 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 0.85 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.434(lit.)
FEMA: 3556 | ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: <0.05mg/l
form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.855 (20/4℃)
color: Clear
Odor: odorless
Water Solubility: Miscible with alcohol. Immiscible with water and glycerol.
Merck: 14,5215
JECFA Number: 311
BRN: 1781127
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: AXISYYRBXTVTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 7.71

IPM-Isopropyl myristate acts as a solvent for various substances, facilitating the dissolution and dispersion of ingredients in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is commonly used to dissolve fragrance oils and other lipophilic compounds.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate has a relatively long shelf life and is stable under normal storage conditions.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is generally considered safe for topical use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
However, as with any ingredient, individuals with specific sensitivities or allergies should exercise caution and perform a patch test before using products containing Isopropyl Myristate.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate has a thin, oily consistency and can be clearly mixed with vegetable oils and paraffins.
It reduces the viscosity of vegetable oils, increases the ability to penetrate the skin and enhances the sliding capacity without leaving a sticky feeling.
Due to its stability the ester is used for partial or full replacement of vegetable oils in cosmetic preparations.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is the ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a polar emollient and is used in cosmetic and topical medicinal preparations where good absorption into the skin is desired.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a vegetable-based emulsifying agent.

It is a colorless and odorless oily liquid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate allows for greater fragrance diffusion in your candle or reed diffuser.
It also helps to achieve a nice wax adhesion to the glass and create scented liquid blends.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate may be prepared either by the esterification of myristic acid with propan-2-ol or by the reaction of myristoyl chloride and propan-2-ol with the aid of a suitable dehydrochlorinating agent.
A high-purity material is also commercially available, produced by enzymatic esterification at low temperature.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an ester of isopropanol and myristic acid.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also referred to as tetradecanoic acid.
A colorless liquid with a faint odor, it is used in many applications, including pharma, food and personal care product manufacturing.
Acme-Hardesty IPM-Isopropyl myristate is manufactured from vegetable oil sources to a minimum 98-percent purity.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be used in some of the most demanding industrial applications and has been manufactured to the highest standards of eco-friendly management.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is resistant to oxidation and hydrolysis, and does not become rancid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place and protected from light.

Higher molecular weight aliphatic esters are thought to be readily hydrolysed to the corresponding alcohols and acids which are then metabolized; isopropyl myristate is undoubtedly hydrolysed to normal metabolic products.
When isopropyl myristate comes into contact with rubber, there is a drop in viscosity with concomitant swelling and partial dissolution of the rubber; contact with plastics, e.g. nylon and polyethylene, results in swelling.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is incompatible with hard paraffin, producing a granular mixture.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
It works by attracting moisture from the air and fixing it in the deep layers of skin and scalp.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate works by creating a preventive barrier that locks moisture into the skin and increases the moisture retention capacity.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is recommended that it should be used at a concentration of 1 to 20%.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is soluble in most solvents but is insoluble in water.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is so good at reducing the greasy feel of other ingredients that it is possible to make products that are primarily shea butter that don’t feel greasy.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is the ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a polar emollient and is used in cosmetic and topical medicinal preparations where good absorption into the skin is desired.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an emollient ester of low viscosity; the product of the reaction of isopropanol with myristic acid (vegetable source).

A non-greasy emollient, it is readily adsorbed by the skin.
Miscible with most oils, it imparts a dry, velvety emollience to products.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to reduce the greasiness of lotion bars, whipped butters and emulsions.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is resistant to oxidation and will not become rancid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also an effective diluent for fragrance oils.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid (vegetable-derived).

Low viscosity fluid non-greasy emollient, tolerates wide pH range, compatible with most surfactants.
Thanks to its low viscosity and density, it has a high spreadability.
Superior emollient for non-greasy bath, body and baby oils.

Lubricant and compression aid for pressed powders.
Readily adsorbed by the skin.
When used at high concentrations IPM-Isopropyl myristate gently lifts makeup and surface dirt.

Gives gloss and shine to hair.
Resistant to oxidation (does not become rancid).
Widely used as diluent for fragrance oils.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a moisturizer with polar characteristics used in cosmetics and topical medical preparations to ameliorate the skin absorption.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate has been largely studied and impulsed as a skin penetration enhancer.
At the moment the primary usage for which IPM-Isopropyl myristate is formally indicated is as the active ingredient in a non-prescription pediculicide rinse 3,8,9.

Ester of IPM-Isopropyl myristate and myristic acid (vegetable-derived).
Low viscosity fluid non-greasy emollient, tolerates wide pH range, compatible with most surfactants.
Thanks to its low viscosity and density, IPM-Isopropyl myristate has a high spreadability.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a texture enhancer and emollient as used in cosmetics.
There is also research showing it can help enhance the absorption of ingredients in a cosmetic formula.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is often called out as being a particularly bad pore-clogging ingredient; however, this assessment comes from dated research that doesn’t apply to how this ingredient is used in today’s cosmetics.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is widely utilized in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its versatile properties.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate functions as an emollient, which helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it a popular ingredient in various skincare products such as lotions, creams, and ointments.
Additionally, its ability to enhance the skin's absorption of other substances makes it valuable in topical formulations where effective delivery of active ingredients is desired.

In the realm of perfumery, IPM-Isopropyl myristate serves as a solvent for perfume materials, aiding in the dispersion and application of fragrance compounds.
Its solvent properties also find applications in the removal of prosthetic make-up and adhesive residues.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate offers several benefits, it's important to note that it can potentially increase the skin's permeability to certain substances, which is a consideration in formulating products that contain this ingredient.

As with any compound, IPM-Isopropyl myristate's essential to follow recommended guidelines and best practices for its safe and effective use.
In the paint industry, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a base and or solvent in the manufacture of writing instruments containing liquid or gel ink.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in topical pharmaceutical preparations where it is desired to be absorbed into the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also used as a treatment for head lice.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a very effective remedy for head lice as a non-systemic agent.
It works by dissolving the wax covering the exoskeleton of the head lice, causing the insects to die due to dehydration (water loss).

One lesser known property of isopropyl myristate is its ability to inhibit the growth of oral bacteria.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used by many manufacturers of oral hygiene products such as mouthwashes.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to remove bacteria from the oral cavity as a non-aqueous component of two-phase mouthwashes.

In veterinary medicine, IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be found in products for pets that kill fleas and ticks.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate can also be found in ear cleaning products to dissolve wax build-up without drying out the skin of the animal's ear.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a compound derived from isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a treatment for head lice, in tick and flea products for pets, as a solvent in perfumes, and in cosmetics and topical medicines where good absorption through the skin is desired.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate should be used with caution as combining it with some toxic materials will cause the skin to absorb them more easily.
Ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid (vegetable-derived).

Low viscosity fluid non-greasy emollient, tolerates wide pH range, compatible with most surfactants.
Thanks to its low viscosity and density, it has a high spreadability.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is included in formulas to dramatically reduce the greasy/oily feel; it’s brilliant in recipes with large amounts of butters that are famous for a heavier skin feel.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also a great lightweight emollient; can include it in recipes as an alternative to a liquid carrier oil to make for a lighter, faster-absorbing product.
At higher concentrations IPM-Isopropyl myristate can also be used in products like makeup removers.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate has the chemical formula C17H34O2.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an ester, specifically the ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate has a low viscosity, which allows for easy spreading on the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate functions as an emollient, which means it helps to soften and moisturize the skin.
It forms a thin, protective film on the skin's surface, reducing water loss and improving the skin's overall hydration.
One of the key properties of IPM-Isopropyl myristate is its ability to enhance the penetration of other substances into the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate helps active ingredients in skincare products to be absorbed more effectively, allowing them to exert their desired effects.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is considered non-comedogenic, meaning it does not clog pores.
This makes it suitable for use in formulations for acne-prone or sensitive skin.

Uses:
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a fatty acid ester which is used as solvent in water-in-oil emulsion, oils and fatty based ointments.
The use of IPM is recommended in the Sterility Test chapter of the European, Japanese and United States Pharmacopoeia (EP, 2.6.13, JP, 4.06 and USP, 71) as diluent for oils and oily solutions, as well as for ointments and creams.
Indeed, its solvent properties improve the filterability of these samples.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is known as a penetration enhancer for topical preparations.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a waterclear, low viscous oily liquid with a very good spreading capacity on the skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is mainly used in cosmetics as an oilcomponent for emulsions, bath oils and as a solvent for active substances.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is often included in sunscreen formulations due to its emollient properties.
It helps to improve the spreadability and texture of sunscreens, making them easier to apply.
Additionally, IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in sunless tanning products to aid in the even distribution of the tanning agent on the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be found in hair care products such as conditioners, leave-in treatments, and styling products.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate helps to enhance the softness and manageability of the hair, making it easier to comb and style.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is commonly used in massage oils and lotions.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate provides a smooth and gliding texture, allowing for a pleasant massage experience.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is sometimes included in antiperspirants and deodorants to improve the spreadability and absorption of active ingredients.
It helps the product to glide onto the skin smoothly.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be found in various bath and body products like shower gels, body washes, and bath oils.
It contributes to the moisturizing and softening effects of these products.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also used in certain industrial applications.

It can be found in lubricants, cutting fluids, and as a solvent in the formulation of industrial products.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is an emollient, moisturizer, binder, and skin softener that also assists in product penetration.
An ester of myristic acid, it is naturally occurring in coconut oil and nutmeg.

Although IPM-Isopropyl myristate is generally considered comedogenic, some ingredient manufacturers clearly specify non-comedogenicity on their data sheets.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to change the physicochemical characteristics of microsheres such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a oil phase component in the formulaton of microemulsion systems.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a polar emollient and is used in cosmetic and topical pharmaceutical preparations where skin absorption is desired.
It is also used as a treatment for head lice.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also in flea and tick killing products for pets.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to remove bacteria from the oral cavity as the non-aqueous component of the two-phase mouthwash product "Dentyl pH".
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also used as a solvent in perfume materials, and in the removal process of prosthetic make-up.
Hydrolysis of the ester from IPM-Isopropyl myristate can liberate the acid and the alcohol.

The acid is theorized to be responsible for decreasing of the pH value of formulations.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in personal care products to enhance their moisturising and skin conditioning properties.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate, is a widely used chemical compound in various industries, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is composed of approximately 98% pure Isopropyl Myristate and 2% other components, typically to enhance stability or for specific formulations.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a medication used for the treatment of head lice infestation in adults and children 4 years and older.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a topical solution that is applied to the scalp and hair and rinsed off.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is also commonly used as an ingredient in bath oils, perfumes, creams, lotions, lipsticks, hair preparations, shaving lotions, aerosol toiletries, and pharmaceutical ointments.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is a synthetic oil used as an emollient, thickening agent, or lubricant in beauty products such as aftershaves, shampoos, bath oils, antiperspirants, deodorants, oral hygiene products, and various creams and lotions.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used to treat head lice infestation.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emollient and moisturizer.
It helps to soften and smooth the skin, making it a popular ingredient in lotions, creams, and moisturizers.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in topical pharmaceutical formulations where good absorption through the skin is desired.

It enhances the penetration of active ingredients, allowing them to be absorbed more effectively.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used as a treatment for head lice.
It helps to suffocate and kill lice by disrupting their respiratory system.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in tick and flea products for pets.
It helps to repel and kill ticks and fleas.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate acts as a solvent in perfume materials, aiding in the dispersion and application of fragrance compounds.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in the removal process of prosthetic make-up.
It helps to dissolve and remove the make-up effectively.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is sometimes used in insect repellent formulations.

It helps to improve the spreadability of the repellent on the skin, making it easier to apply and ensuring more even coverage.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be found in nail care products such as cuticle oils and nail treatments.
It helps to moisturize and soften the cuticles, promoting healthier nails.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in shaving creams, gels, and lotions.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate helps to provide a smooth and comfortable shaving experience by improving the glide of the razor and reducing friction on the skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is included in lip balms, lipsticks, and lip glosses.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate helps to moisturize and soften the lips, making them feel smooth and supple.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate can be found in cleansing oils and makeup removers.
It helps to dissolve and remove makeup, dirt, and impurities from the skin.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in barrier creams and ointments.
It helps to create a protective barrier on the skin, shielding it from external irritants and moisture loss.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is sometimes included in after-sun products to help soothe and moisturize sunburned skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is used in some personal lubricants to enhance lubrication and reduce friction during intimate activities.

Safety Profile:
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is widely used in cosmetics and topical pharmaceutical formulations, and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is determined safe for use in cosmetics according to the Cosmetics Ingredient Review (CIR) panel.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate has the potential to cause skin sensitization in some individuals.
This means that it may cause an allergic reaction or irritation on the skin, especially in those with sensitive skin or pre-existing skin conditions.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is recommended to perform a patch test before using products containing Isopropyl Myristate.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate has a comedogenic rating, which means it has the potential to clog pores and contribute to the development of acne or breakouts, particularly in individuals with oily or acne-prone skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is advisable to avoid using products containing Isopropyl Myristate if have acne-prone skin.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate may cause eye irritation if it comes into direct contact with the eyes.

IPM-Isopropyl myristate is important to avoid getting products containing Isopropyl Myristate in the eyes and to rinse thoroughly with water if accidental contact occurs.
IPM-Isopropyl myristate is not considered environmentally hazardous.
However, it is always recommended to follow proper disposal practices and to avoid releasing large quantities of the substance into the environment.

ferricchloride iron (III) chloride iron trichloride iron(3+) trichloride iron(III) chloride trichloroiron CAS Number:7705-08-0

FERRIC SULFATE Iron(III) sulfate Iron persulfate Iron tersulfate Diiron tris(sulphate) Diiron trisulfate Ferric persulfate Ferric tersulfate Iron sesquisulfate Ferric sesquisulfate Iron(3+) sulfate Sulfuric acid, iron(3+) salt (3:2) Coquimbite mineral Iron sulfate (2:3) Iron sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) Iron(3+) sulfate, (2:3) Ferricsulfate Sulfuric acid, iron(3+) salt Iron-S-hydrate iron(III)sulphate Ferric sulfate (USP) Sulfuric acid,iron salt iron(III) sulfate(VI) CAS: 10028-22-5

IRON SULPHATE; Green Vitriol; Copperas; Melanterite; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt, heptahydrate; Ferrosulfat (German); cas no: 7782-63-0

DESCRIPTION:
The black iron used in ceramics is generally this synthetic form (the natural equivalent mineral magnetite contains 5-15% impurities).
Synthetic black iron is much more expensive than the natural finely ground material (-200 mesh).
However, if there are good reasons for its use and percentages in the product recipe are low enough the cost may be justified.

CAS: 12227-89-3
European Community (EC) Number: 235-442-5
Molecular Formula: Fe3O4
IUPAC Name: oxoiron;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Molecular Weight: 231.53
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 231.784465
Monoisotopic Mass: 231.784465
Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.4 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 36.2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Pigment Type: Oxides are man-made pigments from natural elements.
They are strong in tinting strength and more opaque than other colors so can often be used at a lower ratio than natural pigments.
These colors are an excellent choice for cement and stucco, but are not limited to that use.
Composition: Iron Oxide, PB11 (77499)
Chemical Formula: Fe304
Lightfastness: Excellent
Particle size 50 microns (325 Mesh)
Heat Stability: Color Stable to 300° F
Packaging: 100g: 4 oz recyclable plastic jar
500g and above: double plastic bag
Quantities over 1 kilo will be bulk packed
Notes: Use care when handling any dry pigment.
Avoid inhaling pigment dust.
Density: 5.15
Hardness (Mohs): 5.5–6.0
Refractive Index: n=2.42
Boiling Point: 2623°C
Melting Point: 1597°C
Solubility:
Insoluble in water, alcohol
Soluble in concentrated acid, hot acid

In ceramics, black iron is used as a source of Fe (in preference to red iron) where its black raw color and its better distribution properties are needed.
For example, Alberta Slip is a recipe of raw clays and minerals intended to duplicate Albany Slip.
The recipe calls for a small amount of iron oxide because the clay blend does not fire to quite as dark of a color.
Since the original Albany Slip powder was a dark grey, black iron (rather than red) is employed in the Alberta Slip recipe to match this color better and provide the needed iron to the fired product.

The chemistry shown here is not the actual, synthetic black iron is almost pure Fe3O4.
This chemistry is intended to work with INSIGHT where it is normal to define only FeO and Fe2O3.

Synthetic black iron is fluffier and lighter than synthetic red iron oxide (a bag of black iron is much larger than a bag of red).
It is a very fine powder, 100% will easily wash through a 325 mesh screen.
Synthetic black iron does not agglomerate as badly as red iron, thus it disperses in glaze slurries better (thus avoiding fired speckle).
You can determine which form you have by washing a sample through a 325 mesh screen, if there is residue it is natural magnetite.

The exceedingly fine particle size of iron oxides makes them very messy to work with, they stain the skin in a manner that only soap can remove even though they do not dissolve in water.
High purity, low heavy metal content grades of black iron are available.
All forms should have 90% or more Fe3O4.
Black iron is also used as a colorant for a wide range of non-ceramic products.

Most synthetic magnetites are made by some type of chemical precipitation (0.2-1 micron particle size).
However, a high-temperature drying process can be used to convert synthetic hematite into synthetic magnetite (thus the greater cost).
The resultant product of this process has a slightly larger particle size (2-10 microns).
100% pure material would contain 72.3% Fe.

Black iron oxide is used as a source of Fe in ceramic applications, particularly in glazing where price and its black raw color are important.
Iron oxide provide the color in glaze after being fired at high temperatures.
High purity, low heavy metal content grades are available.
Magnetite 99% Fe3O4 (Black Iron Oxide)

Black iron powder is also used as a colorant for a wide range of non-ceramic products.
Some iron oxide pigments are widely used in the cosmetic field.
They are considered to be nontoxic, moisture resistant, and nonbleeding.
Iron oxides graded safe for cosmetic use are produced synthetically in order to avoid the inclusion of impurities normally found in naturally occurring iron oxides.

Black iron oxide or magnetite is also used for corrosion resistance purposes.
Black iron oxide is also used in anti-corrosion paints (used in many bridges, and Eiffel tower).
Iron oxides are used as contrast agent in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, to shorten proton relaxation times, (T1, T2 and T2).

The super paramagnetic contrast agents are composed of a water insoluble crystalline magnetic core, usually magnetite (Fe3O4).
The mean core diameter ranges from 4 to 10 nm.
This crystalline core is often surrounded by a layer of dextrin or starch derivatives.
The total size of the particle is expressed as the mean hydrated particle diameter.

ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Black oxide is a recent development in modern pigments and was unknown in artists' palettes before the nineteenth century.

SOURCE OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
The source of black oxide usually is from an iron ore called magnetite.
Magnetite, also known as lodestone, is a ferrous ferric oxide (ferrosic oxide) that is a heavy, black color and opaque.
Theoretically, black iron oxide contains slightly more iron metal than red oxide but not nearly as much as yellow oxide.
The native mineral may contain varying amounts of manganese, sulfur, clay and silica.

PERMANENCE AND COMPATIBILITY:
Black oxide is absolutely permanent colors for all uses on the artist's palette.
It is compatible with all other pigments, and can be used with good results in all mediums.

OIL ABSORPTION AND GRINDING:
Black oxide absorbs a moderately low amount of oil.
The oil absorption ratio is 10–15 parts by weight of linseed oil to 100 parts by weight of pigment.
If the measurement were grams, it would require 100 grams (by weight) of pigment to grind 10 to 15 grams (by weight) of linseed oil to form a stiff paste.
It makes an average drying oil paint, and forms a hard, fairly flexible film.

Iron Oxide Black, also known as Ferrous-Ferric Oxide, is a dark pigment derived from minerals.
Iron Oxide Black is found in nature in the mineral magnetite.
‘CI’ stands for Colour Index and is used under the INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients) system to identify different colourants and pigments used in cosmetics and personal care products.

This ingredient is in a group of colourants known as Iron Oxides, which are compounds of iron and oxygen.
Iron oxides include CI 77491 (red), CI 77492 (yellow) and CI 77499 (black) as the base colours, which are produced through different applications of heat in processes known as thermal decomposition, precipitation and calcination.
Although these iron oxides can be found in nature, they can contain impurities such as manganese or other organic material, which is why the synthetically-produced versions are considered safer for use in personal care products.
These compounds have a long history of use as colourants in cosmetics, and are considered safe for use by the FDA.

Black iron oxide is a fine powdered pigment.
Iron oxides are graded safe for cosmetic use and are produced synthetically in order to avoid the inclusion of impurities normally found in naturally occurring iron oxides including ferrous or ferric oxides, arsenic, lead and other poisonous substances.

APPLICATIONS OF BLACK IRON OXIDE:
Plastics: Low temperature processing polymers and non-oxidizing process conditions
Coatings: Liquid architectural and industrial coatings
Industrial: Cement and concrete
Iron oxide black is highly resistant to fading, to weather conditions and to alkaline substances.
Iron oxide black possesses good dyeing properties and fine hiding powers.
Iron oxide black Can be mixed with all pigments and can be used in combination with oil paint, glue paint, casein paint, lime paint and silicate paint.

CI 77499 is a black iron oxide containing iron and oxygen and is used in cosmetics as a coloring agent.
Iron oxide black is naturally available from the mineral magnetite however, for use in cosmetics, Iron oxide black is synthetically made to filter out any impurities.
In general, iron oxides are long-lasting, once they are applied, they usually don’t need to be reapplied.

CI 77499 is used as a colorant in various cosmetics such as eye shadows, blushes, lipsticks, mineral makeup, etc.
Iron oxide black is one of the main pigment for matching skin tones in foundations, concealers, and other face makeup.
Iron oxide black provides excellent dispersing properties to the final product and their intense color adds a unique shade to the product.


USAGE AND PROPORTION(%) OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Lipsticks / Lip Gloss: 5-10
Eyeshadows: 10-40
Blusher, CC cream, Foundation: 2-10
Blusher Rouge: 2-10
Makeup Powders: 5-10
Eyebrow Pencils, Eyeshadow Pen: 2-15
Vanishing Cream, Face Cold Cream: 2-5
Nail Polish, Nail UV/LED Polish Gel: 2-20
Hair Spray, Shampoo, Perfume: 0.1-10
Body Lotions & Body Creams: 1-5
Cold Process Soap: 1-5

BENEFITS OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Iron oxide black has High-quality extra fine color dispersion providing superior color purity and saturation.
Iron oxide black Can be easily incorporated into various color cosmetics.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE BLACK:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



SYNONYMS OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Depositor-Supplied Synonyms:

Iron Oxide Black
Iron(II,III)oxide
12227-89-3
oxoiron;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron
120899-48-1
Fe3O4
Iron(II,III) oxide, CP
oxo[(oxoferrio)oxy]iron; oxoiron
EINECS 235-442-5
Iron(II,III) oxide, powder, EN300-178368
Iron(II,III) oxide, 99.99% trace metals basis
Q411235
Iron(II,III) oxide, nanopowder, 50-100 nm particle size (SEM), 97% trace metals basis

DESCRIPTION:
Iron(II,III) oxide, or black iron oxide, is the chemical compound with formula Fe3O4.
Iron oxide black occurs in nature as the mineral magnetite.
Iron oxide black is one of a number of iron oxides, the others being iron(II) oxide (FeO), which is rare, and iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) which also occurs naturally as the mineral hematite.


CAS Number: 1317-61-9
European Community (EC) Number: 235-442-5
IUPAC Name: oxoiron;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron
Molecular Formula: Fe3O4


Iron oxide black contains both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and is sometimes formulated as FeO ∙ Fe2O3.
This iron oxide is encountered in the laboratory as a black powder.
Iron oxide black exhibits permanent magnetism and is ferrimagnetic, but is sometimes incorrectly described as ferromagnetic.

Its most extensive use is as a black pigment (see: Mars Black).
For this purpose, Iron oxide black is synthesized rather than being extracted from the naturally occurring mineral as the particle size and shape can be varied by the method of production.

Iron oxide black containing iron and oxygen and is used in cosmetics as a coloring agent.
Iron oxide black is naturally available from the mineral magnetite however, for use in cosmetics, Iron oxide black is synthetically made to filter out any impurities.
In general, iron oxides are long-lasting, once they are applied, they usually don’t need to be reapplied.

Iron Oxide Black is an inorganic, high-purity pigment.
Particle size range of Iron Oxide Black is 0.3-5.0 micrometer.
Mean particle size of Iron Oxide Black is 2.27 micrometer.

Iron Oxide Black Provides superior color purity & saturation.
Iron Oxide Black has Outstanding dispersibility, no aggregate formation.










PREPARATION OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Heated iron metal interacts with steam to form iron oxide and hydrogen gas.
3Fe+4H2O⟶Fe3O4+4H2
Under anaerobic conditions, ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2) can be oxidized by water to form magnetite and molecular hydrogen.
This process is described by the Schikorr reaction:
3Fe(OH)2ferrous hydroxide⟶Fe3O4magnetite+H2hydrogen+2H2Owater
This works because crystalline magnetite (Fe3O4) is thermodynamically more stable than amorphous ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2 ).

The Massart method of preparation of magnetite as a ferrofluid, is convenient in the laboratory: mix iron(II) chloride and iron(III) chloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide.
A more efficient method of preparing magnetite without troublesome residues of sodium, is to use ammonia to promote chemical co-precipitation from the iron chlorides: first mix solutions of 0.1 M FeCl3•6H2O and FeCl2•4H2O with vigorous stirring at about 2000 rpm.

The molar ratio of the FeCl3:FeCl2 should be about 2:1. Heat the mix to 70 °C, then raise the speed of stirring to about 7500 rpm and quickly add a solution of NH4OH (10 volume %).
A dark precipitate of nanoparticles of magnetite forms immediately.
In both methods, the precipitation reaction relies on rapid transformation of acidic iron ions into the spinel iron oxide structure at pH 10 or higher.

Controlling the formation of magnetite nanoparticles presents challenges: the reactions and phase transformations necessary for the creation of the magnetite spinel structure are complex.
The subject is of practical importance because magnetite particles are of interest in bioscience applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in which iron oxide magnetite nanoparticles potentially present a non-toxic alternative to the gadolinium-based contrast agents currently in use.
However, difficulties in controlling the formation of the particles, still frustrate the preparation of superparamagnetic magnetite particles, that is to say: magnetite nanoparticles with a coercivity of 0 A/m, meaning that they completely lose their permanent magnetisation in the absence of an external magnetic field.

The smallest values currently reported for nanosized magnetite particles is Hc = 8.5 A m−1, whereas the largest reported magnetization value is 87 Am2 kg−1 for synthetic magnetite.
Pigment quality Fe3O4, so called synthetic magnetite, can be prepared using processes that use industrial wastes, scrap iron or solutions containing iron salts (e.g. those produced as by-products in industrial processes such as the acid vat treatment (pickling) of steel):
Oxidation of Fe metal in the Laux process where nitrobenzene is treated with iron metal using FeCl2 as a catalyst to produce aniline:
C6H5NO2 + 3 Fe + 2 H2O → C6H5NH2 + Fe3O4
Oxidation of FeII compounds, e.g. the precipitation of iron(II) salts as hydroxides followed by oxidation by aeration where careful control of the pH determines the oxide produced.
Reduction of Fe2O3 with hydrogen:
3Fe2O3 + H2 → 2Fe3O4 +H2O
Reduction of Fe2O3 with CO:

3Fe2O3 + CO → 2Fe3O4 + CO2
Production of nano-particles can be performed chemically by taking for example mixtures of FeII and FeIII salts and mixing them with alkali to precipitate colloidal Fe3O4.
The reaction conditions are critical to the process and determine the particle size.

Iron(II) carbonate can also be thermally decomposed into Iron(II,III):
3FeCO3 → Fe3O4 + 2CO2 + CO


REACTIONS OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Reduction of magnetite ore by CO in a blast furnace is used to produce iron as part of steel production process:
Fe3O4+4CO⟶3Fe+4CO2

Controlled oxidation of Fe3O4 is used to produce brown pigment quality γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite):
2Fe3O4⏟magnetite+12O2⟶ 3( −Fe2O3)⏟maghemite
More vigorous calcining (roasting in air) gives red pigment quality α-Fe2O3 (hematite):
2Fe3O4⏟magnetite+12O2⟶ 3( −Fe2O3)⏟hematite

STRUCTURE OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Fe3O4 has a cubic inverse spinel group structure which consists of a cubic close packed array of oxide ions where all of the Fe2+ ions occupy half of the octahedral sites and the Fe3+ are split evenly across the remaining octahedral sites and the tetrahedral sites.

Both FeO and γ-Fe2O3 have a similar cubic close packed array of oxide ions and this accounts for the ready interchangeability between the three compounds on oxidation and reduction as these reactions entail a relatively small change to the overall structure.
Fe3O4 samples can be non-stoichiometric.

The ferrimagnetism of Fe3O4 arises because the electron spins of the FeII and FeIII ions in the octahedral sites are coupled and the spins of the FeIII ions in the tetrahedral sites are coupled but anti-parallel to the former.
The net effect is that the magnetic contributions of both sets are not balanced and there is a permanent magnetism.

In the molten state, experimentally constrained models show that the iron ions are coordinated to 5 oxygen ions on average.
There is a distribution of coordination sites in the liquid state, with the majority of both FeII and FeIII being 5-coordinated to oxygen and minority populations of both 4- and 6-fold coordinated iron.


Fe3O4 is ferrimagnetic with a Curie temperature of 858 K (585 °C).
There is a phase transition at 120 K (−153 °C), called Verwey transition where there is a discontinuity in the structure, conductivity and magnetic properties.
This effect has been extensively investigated and whilst various explanations have been proposed, it does not appear to be fully understood.

While it has much higher electrical resistivity than iron metal (96.1 nΩ m), Fe3O4's electrical resistivity (0.3 mΩ m) is significantly lower than that of Fe2O3 (approx kΩ m).
This is ascribed to electron exchange between the FeII and FeIII centres in Fe3O4

Fe3O4 is used as a black pigment and is known as C.I pigment black 11 (C.I. No.77499) or Mars Black.



Iron oxide black is used as a source of Fe in ceramic applications, particularly in glazing where price and its black raw color are important.
Iron oxide provide the color in glaze after being fired at high temperatures.
High purity, low heavy metal content grades are available.
Our black iron powder products have 98% or more Fe3O4.

Iron oxide black powder is also used as a colorant for a wide range of non-ceramic products.

Some iron oxide pigments are widely used in the cosmetic field.
They are considered to be nontoxic, moisture resistant, and nonbleeding.
Iron oxides graded safe for cosmetic use are produced synthetically in order to avoid the inclusion of impurities normally found in naturally occurring iron oxides.

Iron oxide black or magnetite is also used for corrosion resistance purposes.
Iron oxide black is also used in anti-corrosion paints (used in many bridges, and Eiffel tower).

Iron oxides are used as contrast agent in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, to shorten proton relaxation times, (T1, T2 and T2).
The super paramagnetic contrast agents are composed of a water insoluble crystalline magnetic core, usually magnetite (Fe3O4).

The mean core diameter ranges from 4 to 10 nm.
This crystalline core is often surrounded by a layer of dextrin or starch derivatives.
The total size of the particle is expressed as the mean hydrated particle diameter


USES OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Fe3O4 is used as a catalyst in the Haber process and in the water-gas shift reaction.
The latter uses an HTS (high temperature shift catalyst) of iron oxide stabilised by chromium oxide.
This iron–chrome catalyst is reduced at reactor start up to generate Fe3O4 from α-Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 to CrO3.

Bluing is a passivation process that produces a layer of Fe3O4 on the surface of steel to protect it from rust. Along with sulfur and aluminium, it is an ingredient in steel-cutting thermite.

Medical uses:
Nano particles of Fe3O4 are used as contrast agents in MRI scanning.

Ferumoxytol, sold under the brand names Feraheme and Rienso, is an intravenous Fe3O4 preparation for treatment of anemia resulting from chronic kidney disease.
Ferumoxytol is manufactured and globally distributed by AMAG Pharmaceuticals.

Biological occurrence:
Magnetite has been found as nano-crystals in magnetotactic bacteria (42–45 nm) and in the beak tissue of homing pigeons.


APPLICATIONS OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Iron Oxide Black is widely used in industry as pigments, processing aids, raw material component.
Iron Oxide Black is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modeling clay, non-metal surface treatment products, metal surface treatment products, inks and toners.
Iron Oxide Black is used in machine washing liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints, coatings, adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners, cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters.

Iron Oxide Black provide cosmetics with a specific colour, and it can range from pink to black.
Iron Oxide Black can be used by itself in bodycare applications or to deepen the tone of other colours in various applications.
Iron Oxide Black can be used for tinting cosmetics such as foundations, blushes, eyeshadows, eye liners as well as to colour soaps.

Iron Oxide Black has been proven to be stable in soaps and will not change shape or colour in cold process or melt and pour soaps.
Here are other black oxide powder uses that you might want to create:
• Concealer
• Exfoliator
• Eyeliner
• Eyeshadow
• Foundation
• Lashes liner
• Loose powder
• Peel-off Mask



HOW TO USE IRON OXIDE BLACK?
For melt and pour soap, the black oxide powder pigment should first ideally be mixed thoroughly with glycerine to get rid of speckling and can then simply be added to the melt and pour soap.
Also, you should shake all products containing this powder properly to ensure the colour is well-mixed.
One of the drawbacks though is that it tends to clump and you will need to be especially careful to de-clump first before adding to your recipe.

To de-clump beforehand, use a hand mixer to pre-mix your pigment in with a deodorised fixed oil, such as sweet almond oil or olive oil, before adding to your soap.
This will help disperse and break up any clumps.
The coloured oil can then be added to the soap batter at trace when making cold process soap.


CHARACTERISTIC OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
• High opacity
• Strong tinting strength
• Easy dispersibility
• Excellent light fastness
• Perfect weather resistance







BENEFITS OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Aside from its colour, black oxide powder provides excellent protection against harmful UV radiation that even conventional sunscreens may not have.
When applied to skincare, they offer a beautiful hue that can make the product more aesthetically attractive and soften the appearance of blemishes on the skin.
Black oxide powder also reduces the white cast that many mineral formulae can leave behind.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Chemical formula Fe3O4 FeO.Fe2O3
Molar mass 231.533 g/mol
Appearance solid black powder
Density 5 g/cm3
Melting point 1,597 °C (2,907 °F; 1,870 K)
Boiling point 2,623 °C (4,753 °F; 2,896 K)
Refractive index (nD) 2.42
Molecular Weight 231.53 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 231.784465 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 231.784465 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 60.4Ų
Heavy Atom Count 7
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 36.2
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 2
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Item Standard
Fe2O3 % 95.0 min.
PH Value 5.0-7.5
Water-Soluble Content % 0.5 max.
Sieve Residue（325mesh） 0.10 max.
Volatile Substance 105℃ 1.0 max.
Oil Absorption mL/100g 25.0
Tint (Compared with standard) ΔE 1.0 max.
Tinting Strength (Compared with standard) 95.00-105.00
Density g/ml 4.5
Particle size:2 micron
Composition: 97% minimum iron oxide
Form: powder
Colour: matte black
Odour: odourless
Solubility: insoluble
Ingredients: black iron oxide
Contents (Fe3O4) % ≥90
Oil absorption ml/100g 15~25
Res. on 325 mesh % ≤0.5
Water soluble salts % ≤0.5
Moisture % ≤1.5
pH value 5~8
Ignition loss(1,000oC,½ h) % ≤5.0
Bulk density g/cm3 0.8~1.2
Specific gravity g/cm3 4.6
Particle size BET µm 0.15 Electron Micrographs
Dispersibility (Hegman) µm 20/30/40
Tinting Strength(Compared with Standard)% 95~105
Color Difference △E(Compared with Standard)≤1.0



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE BLACK:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



SYNONYMS OF IRON OXIDE BLACK:
Iron Oxide Black
Iron(II,III)oxide
12227-89-3
oxoiron;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron
EINECS 235-442-5
120899-48-1
Fe3O4
Iron(II,III) oxide, CP
oxo[(oxoferrio)oxy]iron; oxoiron
SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PD061032
Iron(II,III) oxide, powder, EN300-178368
Iron(II,III) oxide, 99.99% trace metals basis
Q411235
Iron(II,III) oxide, nanopowder, 50-100 nm particle size (SEM), 97% trace metals basis

Iron oxide brown is A manufactured pigment
Iron oxide brown has Excellent UV Stability
Iron oxide brown is Suitable for all mediums

CAS Number: 1309-37-1
EINECS NO: 215-168-2
INCI Name: Iron Oxide


Iron oxide brown is Not Cosmetic or Pharmaceutical Grade
Iron oxide brown is Lime and Cement Color Stable
Brown iron oxide is a deep, rich brown powdered pigment.
Iron oxides are graded safe for cosmetic use and are produced synthetically in order to avoid the inclusion of impurities normally found in naturally occurring iron oxides including ferrous or ferric oxides, arsenic, lead and other poisonous substances.

Iron Oxide brown is compliant, high purity, global approved brown mineral pigment.
Main applications are foundation, eye shadow, compact powder, lipstick, mascara, blush, eye liner, nail enamels.
Iron oxides are naturally occurring minerals, all compounds of iron and oxygen, known to be safe, gentle, non-toxic and hypoallergenic and safe to use on sensitive skin.


Iron Oxide brown is inexpensive and durable pigments commonly available in bright earthy tones of red, yellow, brown and black.

Iron Oxide brown is found in almost all mineral makeup, as well as conventional makeup brands.
Iron oxides are moisture resistant, don’t easily bleed or smear and have good staying powder.

With excellent colouring ability they are used in a wide range of cosmetic products such as foundation, eye shadow, blush and lipstick as well as colouring cold process soap and creams.
Their colour is very intense and a little goes a long way.


CHEMICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE BROWN:
Pigment Type: Oxides
Composition: Mixed Iron Oxide, PR101, PY 42 (77491:77492)
Chemical Formula: Fe203+Fe00H
Lightfastness: Excellent
Particle size 50 microns (325 Mesh)
Heat Stability: Color Stable to 330° F
Packaging: 100g: 6 oz recyclable plastic jar
Fe2O3 content: 93-95 %
Absolute density: 4,8 g/ml
Bulk density: 0,8-1,2 g/ml
Sieve residue (0,045 mm sieve): max. 0,6 %
pH: 4-8
Soluble salts: max. 0,8 %
Oil absorbtion: 22-25 g/100g
Heat stability: 80 °C 1 h
Light stability (1-8): 8 (excellent)
Humidity: 1 %
500g and above: double plastic bag
Density: 679 g/l
Chemical Make-up: Synthetic Oxide on a natural base
Chemical Formula: Fe203+Fe00H
Lime Stable? Yes
Suitable for External Use? Yes
UV Rating: Very Good
Colouring Power: Excellent
Particle size: 50 microns (325 Mesh)
Heat Stability: Colour Stable to 165°C / 330° F
Quantities over 1 kilo will be bulk packed
Particle size: 1x0.7 micron
Composition: 97.0% minimum iron oxide
Form: powder
Colour: matte carmine
Odour: odourless
Solubility: insoluble
Ingredients: red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black iron oxide
Notes: Use care when handling any dry pigment.
Avoid inhaling pigment dust.
Pigments are not sold for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, tattoo ink or food use.
Synthetic iron oxide, brown, specially suited for colouring of cement, concrete, asphalt, screed, bricks, mortar and plaster, and for the production of abrasives.


CONCRETE PIGMENTATION:
Iron oxides are water-insoluble pigments with a good alkali fastness and excellent light fastness. Considering these characteristics and their low price, they are considered the best pigments for concrete pigmentation.
The quantity of pigment used varies usually from 3 % to 5 % of the weight of the cement since inerts do not take part in the pigmentation.
A maximum limit of 7 % can be reached if a more intense colour is required without affecting the mechanical resistance of the finished product.
In order to obtain the best final colouring it is preferable to mix the components in the following sequence: first of all inerts, then pigments and finally cement and water.

VARIATION OF COLOUR SHADE IN TIME:
When preparing coloured concrete it is extremely important to pay attention to the water/cement ratio of the mixture, ratio that affects the shade of colour.
A brighter coloured finished product is obtained increasing the quantity of water but at the same time the mechanical resistaince and weather fastness is reduced.
However in time the superficial layer of the finished products is subject to wear down which enhances the colour of the inert, consequently there is a change in the shade of colour independently from the pigments used.

EFFLORESCENCE:
It is a physical-chemical phenomenon produced by the calcium hydrate which is in the cement and is water-soluble.
It can occur during the drying process but also later when humidity occurs.
In fact the calcium hydrate tends to migrate towards the surface of the finished product and, reacting with the carbon dioxide in the air, forms white patches of calcium carbonate which are more visible in darker colours.

Iron oxides are insoluble in water and do not affect the above mentioned phenomenon, which can be reduced with the use of specific additives.
The quality of the pigment, the right dosage of the components, the valid production technology and the use of additives are the basis of the best result in time of a coloured concrete finished product.

APPLICATIONS OF IRON OXIDE BROWN:
Iron Oxide Brown is considered a matte pigment.
Iron Oxide Brown is a very versatile and useful Brown pigment.
Iron oxide Brown can be used for so many projects and colors!
Use brown iron oxide alone as a color or blend it in with other colors to make new shades and colors. Perfect for tinting blushes, eye liners, eye shadows, lip colors, foundations, etc.
You can consider these colorants essential in all of you make-up formulations.

Our colorants are amazing alone, or blended in with other pigments and dyes.
Iron oxide pigment provides many cosmetics with a specific colour like brown or yellow.
This pigment can be used by itself in bodycare applications or to deepen the tone of other colours in various applications.
Here are the following applications you can add colour to with this pigment:

• Blushes
• Concealers
• Exfoliators
• Eyeliners
• Eyeshadows
• Foundations
• Lashes liners
• Loose powders
• Peel-off Masks
• Soaps


Typical Cosmetic Applications:
• Hair Spray, Shampoo, Perfume 0.1-10.0%
• Body Lotions & Creams 1.0-5.0%
• Soap 1.0-5.0%
• Vanishing Cream 2.0-5.0%
• Blush & Foundation 2.0-10.0%
• Makeup Powders 5.0-10.0%
• Lipstick & Lip gloss 5.0-10.0%
• Eyeshadow Pencils & Eyeliner Pens 2.0-15.0%
• Nail Polish 2.0-20.0%
• Eyeshadow 10.0-40.0%

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE BROWN:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

DESCRIPTION:
Iron Oxide Orange is a common iron oxide pigment used in developing building materials, paints, rubber, ink, paper, plastic and others.
Offering excellent light and temperature resistance, Iron Oxide Orange also offers strong color strength and good dispersion.
Iron Oxide Orange has a density of 4.2-4.6 g/cm3 and a moisture content of approximately 1%.

CAS: 51274-00-1, 1309-37-1
EINECS No.: 215-168-2 & 243-746-4
Chemical Formula: Fe2O3 & FeOOH

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE ORANGE:
Pigment Type: Oxides
Product Form: Orange Pigment in Powder
Color Index: Pigment Red 101 & Yellow 42 ( 77491 & 77492 )
Composition: Mixed Iron Oxide, PR101, PY 42 (77491:77492)
Chemical Formula: Fe203+Fe00H
Lightfastness: Excellent
Particle size 50 microns (325 Mesh)
Heat Stability: Color Stable to 330° F
Packaging: 100g: 6 oz recyclable plastic jar
500g and above: double plastic bag
Quantities over 1 kilo will be bulk packed
Notes: Use care when handling any dry pigment.
Avoid inhaling pigment dust.
Pigment Name: Orange Iron Oxide – 257
Pigment Type: Manufactured Pigment
Country of Origin: Germany
Colour Index: R101-Y42
Density: 485 g/l
Chemical Make-up: Synthetic Iron Oxide
Chemical Formula: Fe203+Fe00H
Lime Stable? Yes
Suitable for External Use? Yes
UV Rating: Very Good
Colouring Power: Excellent
Particle Size: 50 microns (325 Mesh)
Heat Stability: Colour Stable to 165°C / 330° F
Fe2O3 content: 88-92 %
Absolute density: 4,3 g/ml
Bulk density: 0,4-0,6 g/ml
Sieve residue (0,045 mm sieve): max. 0,2 %
pH: 3,5-7,5
Soluble salts: max. 0,5 %
Oil absorbtion: 46-50 g/100g
Heat stability: 170 °C 1 h
Light stability (1-8): 8 (excellent)
Humidity: 1 %
Contents %: ≥88
Oil absorption ml/100g: 23-35
Res. on 325 mesh %: ≤0.3
Water soluble salts %: ≤0.3
Moisture %: ≤1.0
pH value: 3.5-7
Bulk density g/cm3: 0.4-0.6
Specific gravity g/cm3. 4.5
Particle size BET μm: Irregular
Dispersibility (Hegman) μm.
Tinting Strength(Compared with Standard) %: 95-105
Color Difference △E(Compared with Standard) : ≤1.0

The Main Components:
Iron oxide is inorganic pigment with 8 kind colors,the main component of iron oxide, rich in color, with a good coloring ability.
Stable Chemical Properties:
Iron oxide as an inorganic composite powder, insoluble in water.
Soluble in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, slightly soluble in nitric acid.
Strong coloring power, chemical stability, high temperature resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, color is not bright enough, but not easy to fade, with durability.

Low Price:
This product is a stable and widely used inorganic red pigment with low price, usually used in building materials such as cement coloring, paving bricks and coatings,with good hiding power.
You can make colored stone, colored tile, colored brick, colored pavers, colored stepping stones, colored cobblestones, colored stone veneer, colored walkways, decorative concrete forms, and more with these colors.

With Dispersion & Coverage:
iron oxide is inorganic pigment, the main component of iron oxide, with better dispersion and coloring power, high coverage, economic price, wide range of applications.
Very Durable under exposure to UV-Sunlight, Resists fading,The Perfect Sample Size Due to the strength of the pigment, usually very little color is necessary to achieve the color desired

Coatings Are Environmentally Friendly:
the product can be widely used as pigment in high-grade automotive coatings, architectural coatings, anti-corrosion coatings, powder coatings, is a better environmental protection coatings, pigments are used in cast-in-place, precast concrete panels, concrete masonry units, countertops, overlays, stucco, plaster, mortar, grout, and nearly every form of decorative concrete. but also can be used for artificial leather, leather wipe light paste coloring agent

Iron oxide orange is a dark earthy orange pigment, suitable for all kinds of media.
Mix with various bases to create artists oils, watercolour paints, acrylics and pastels as well as lime paints, plasters, mortars and grouts.

The pigments used for artists’ colors are inorganic as well as organic.
The inorganic pigments have been used since antiquity; most of them are extracted from minerals and soil, such as natural earth colors, siennas and ocres.
Titanium, carbon and ultramarine pigments also belong to this category, as well as cobalt and cadmium.
Many of these pigments are now also manufactured synthetically.
Organic pigments have their origins in the 19th century.

Industrial production developed at the beginning of the twentieth century owing to new manufacturing processes in organic chemistry.
These synthetic pigments have become an important group in the manufacture of artists’ colors, producing bright and luminous shades of great intensity and excellent light fastness and permanence.
The range has extended continuously, and now besides the familiar phtalocyanines and naphthols, includes azo compounds, dioxacines and pyrroles, antraquiniones and quinacridones.


ADVANTAGES OF IRON OXIDE ORANGE:
1)Bright-colored exquisite powder.
2)Good weatherability, Lightfastness, heat-resistant and alkali resistant.
3)Strong tinting power, excellent covering ability and fine dispersion.
4)We can supply iron oxide with different color, specifications and packing base on client's request.

MAINLY APPLICATIONS OF IRON OXIDE ORANGE:
1)Constructions: colorant for asphalt and concrete, terrazzo, masonry block, bricks, paving slabs, brick paver, architectural, ready-mix concrete, roof tiles, sand-lime bricks and walling blocks etc;
2)Paint and coating: water-based exterior and interior wall coating,oil paint primer and finish paints and anticorrosion paints etc;
3)Plastic and rubber: thermosetting plastic and thermoplastic and rubber track etc;
4)Others: paper, leather,ceramics,cosmetic and medicine etc.

Iron oxide orange is recommended for use in various types of cement mortars, like: plasters, tile mud, industrial floors, stamped concrete, tile joints, grouts, cement plates, blocks, concrete, asphalt etc.
Iron oxide orange can also color plastics, soaps, fertilizers and feed products, water based and oil based paints.
Orange Iron Oxide is a highly concentrated dry powder of the finest grade particle size and great tinctorial strength, excellent light fastness, resistance to alkali, non-toxic and non-inflammable & produces very attractive shades of variegated colors.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE ORANGE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Chemically produced pure iron oxide pigments are excellently lightfast, opaque and stable in any medium.
Iron oxide pigments are especially recommended for outside applications, in cement and lime.
Color range is equivalent to earth colors, from yellow to dark violet-brown.

Most of our products such as the oxides are produced to be natural identical in a laboratory.
The reason for this is that a natural oxide would not fit the FDA requirement for the minimium in heavy metal contents.
Soils naturally contain heavy metals so any oxide must be purified for cosmetic use.
Iron oxides in nature (dirt) are often loaded with toxic metals like lead, arsenic, mercury, antimony and selenium.

The FDA stepped in to regulate cosmetic colorants so the level of toxic metal present are present in such low concentrations that they are considered “safe.”
In fact, only synthetically prepared iron oxides are approved for use in cosmetics in this country. Since 1970 Oxides and Ultramarines have been manufactured in labs so assure purity.
The lab manufactured pigments have the same molecular structure as their natural identical.


The colour pigments used in cosmetics are often matt.
Since the colour spectrum of iron oxides is varied and these tones can be mixed individually, a multitude of colour nuances are created.
Iron oxides are also the main constituents in mineral powders and foundations.

Of course we have data sheets for all pigments available.
They are filled in environmentally friendly screwed glass.
Iron oxide pigments are the most often used colour pigments in the world.
They are available in the primary colours yellow (FeOOH), black (Fe3O4) and red (Fe2O3), but also as a mixture in orange, beige and brown shades.

Iron oxide pigments produce vibrant, durable colors in concrete and other cementitious materials. Iron oxide pigments are tested and certified by the American Society for the Testing of Materials to be light-fast, insoluble, and alkali resistant (ASTM C-979).
This means iron oxide pigments will not deteriorate over time and will be readily visible in the concrete.
Due to their small size, ten times smaller than cement particles, iron oxide pigments disperse in the mix, embed in the cement matrix, and give the appearance of uniform coloration.

Iron oxide pigments will not affect the strength or workability of concrete when used in standard doses.
They offer a host of benefits to the concrete contractor, architect, ready mix concrete producer, and manufactured concrete product producer.
Iron oxide pigments can drastically improve the value of concrete.
By adding color, concrete is more attractive and provides color-related properties such as solar reflectiveness.

Solomon Colors uses only the highest quality synthetic iron oxide to blend dry, liquid, and granular pigment for concrete and mortar colors.
Solomon Colors is proud to blend and process all dry, liquid, and granular pigments in Springfield, IL and Rialto, CA.
Solomon Colors provides industry leading iron oxide pigments, automated dispensers, and customer service to the ready mix concrete producer, architectural precast concrete producer, or block and paver manufacturer.

Chemically produced, pure iron-oxide pigments are extremely lightfast, opaque and stable in any medium.
Iron oxide pigments are especially recommended for outside applications such as in cement and lime. Color range is similar to earth tones: from pale yellow to dark violet-brown.

THE HISTORY OF IRON OXIDE PIGMENT:
Iron Oxides have been used since prehistoric times (mainly the red shades).
Iron Oxides were first used by cavemen to leave testimony of their presence in cave dwellings including animal drawings to ensure bountiful hunting.
The first cave drawing was found in the Saubia Mountains (Germany), Lascaux (France) and Altamira (Spain).
Iron Oxides were painted between 40,000 and 10,000 BC.
Iron Oxide rich mineral clays provided the colors used.

Iron Oxide was later found in Neolithic ceramic, Renaissance or Impressionist paintings, bricks of early cities, etc.
Natural Iron Oxides are still used nowadays.
However, synthetic types are much more popular nowadays because of their higher pigment performance.
Their widespread use is due to their natural shade and outstanding chemical, physical and technical properties, which make them essential in many applications.

KEY ATTRIBUTES OF IRON OXIDE PIGMENT:
Range: Iron Oxides
Basic Chemical Composition: Fe2O3
Dispersibility (*): Excellent
Hiding Power/Opacity (*): Excellent
Heat Fastness (*): 800ºC, 5 min
Light Fastness (*): Excellent
Weather Fastness (*): Excellent
Acid Fastness (*): Excellent
Alkali Fastness (*): Excellent
Cement compatibility (*): Excellent
Solvent Fastness (*): Excellent
Metamerism (*): No

APPLICATIONS OF IRON OXIDE PIGMENT:
• Food Contact Packaging
• Toys
• General Packaging
• Electric and Electronic Equipment
• Automotive
• Construction
• Fertilizers
• Plant Protection Products
• Industrial uses
• Artist Supply and Hobby preparations.

Iron oxide Pigments are widely used as inexpensive, durable pigments with large number of benefits and application around wide range of industries and products.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF IRON OXIDE PIGMENT:
The Laux process:
Reaction of black: 9 Fe + 4 C6H5NO2 + 4 H2O3 Fe3O4 + 4 C6H5NH2
Reaction of yellow: 2 Fe + C6H5NO2 + 2 H2O2 FeO(OH) + C6H5NH2
Reaction of red: 2 Fe3O4 + ½ O2 3 Fe2O3

Initially, the Laux process was exclusively used to manufacture aniline (C6H5NH2) from nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2).
Only when in 1925 the chemist, Dr Laux, found out that the iron oxide, being a by-product of this reaction, could be used, subject to certain chemical conditions, as an iron oxide pigment with extremely high colour strength.

This process is primarily used for black iron oxide (e.g. Black 330), however, the reaction to get iron oxide yellow (e.g. Yellow 420) is also possible.
From black iron oxide, it is also possible to produce red iron oxide pigments (e.g. Red 110) in an additional reaction stage.

The Precipitation process:
2 FeSO4 + 4 NaOH + ½ O22 FeO(OH) + 2 Na2SO4 + H2O
In the precipitation process, iron sulphate is oxidized to yellow iron oxide pigment in an alkaline environment with atmospheric oxygen.
In this case, similar to the Penniman process, a yellow nucleus pigment is necessary in order to obtain yellow pigments of a high quality.

The Penniman process:
2 Fe + ½ O2 + 3 H2O 2 FeO(OH) + 2 H2
In the Penniman process, iron scrap is oxidized to yellow iron oxide in a sulphate acid medium in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.
In this case, iron sulphate acts as a catalyst.
As to obtain yellow pigments of a high quality, yellow nuclei are furthermore necessary.

Eco – Friendly:
Synthetic red, yellow, orange, brown and black iron oxides are non-toxic and made from 60% post-industrial recycled content processed.


USAGE AREAS OF IRON OXIDE PIGMENT:
Iron oxide pigment is used As a raw material paint production
Iron oxide pigment is used Cement and color concrete production

Iron oxide pigment is used As a colorant in various industries
Iron Oxides Pigments display high quality levels of chemical and physical properties.
Iron Oxides Pigments are widely used in paints, coating, construction, plastics, rubber, ceramic industries, etc.

Iron Oxide Pigments are the workhorse in the color industry.
Iron Oxide Pigment is a synthetic inorganic and non-hazardous pigment.

When used in manufacturing, Iron Oxide Pigment produces true and natural colors.
Iron Oxide Pigments that can be used in a number of applications such as: building materials, paint, coatings, plastic, cosmetics, mulch and specialty chemicals.

Iron Oxides including Natural Iron Oxides and Synthetic Iron Oxide with maximum purity up-to 99%.
The advantage of having exclusive access to these high quality materials and coupled with our superior manufacturing and laboratory facilities produce material as per any international producer worldwide.
Iron Oxide Pigment may be used Paints, Roofing tiles, Asphalt, Concrete products, Sand lime bricks, Paper and cardboard, Plastic, Rubber products, Artificial leather, Wood stain Floor and shoe polish, Cattle and poultry feed, Fertilizers, Glass, Ceramics in as well as many other applications.

Iron oxide pigments can be used in automotive coatings, wood coatings, architectural coatings, industrial coatings, powder coatings, art paint, plastics, nylon, rubber, printing ink, cosmetics, tobacco packaging and other packaging coatings.
Iron oxide pigments can be used in combination with organic pigments which can not only enrich the color and improve the chroma, but also can significantly improve the condition of poor weather resistance when organic pigments are used alone.


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE PIGMENT:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Iron oxide pigment yellow is a non bleeding pigment that is suitable for opaque or white melt and pour soaps and it is also stable in cold process soaps.
Depending on how much you add, you can create various shades of yellow.
Unsuitable for clear bases as Iron oxide pigment yellow will give a speckled appearance.

CAS: 51274-00-1
MF: Fe2O3
MW: 159.69
EINECS: 257-098-5

Iron oxide pigment yellow is best to mix this first with either a carrier oil for cold process soaps or with distilled water or glycerine for melt and pour soaps.
If you add Iron oxide pigment yellow straight into the base, it will probably clump up and look very messy.
Either way Iron oxide pigment yellow does need to be mixed in well before adding to your base.
A very high purity Iron oxide pigment yellow that meets all the requirements for use in cosmetics.
Strong tinting strength and easy dispersibility.
Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen.
As well as being used in foundations, blushers, bronzers Iron oxide pigment yellow makes a great addition to a lipstick base.

Stable in cold process soaps.
Also good for opaque melt & pour soaps.
Pigment yellow 42, also known as Yellow Iron oxide is a yellow powder in the form of an alkaline oxide with comparatively stable chemical properties.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is is insoluble in water and alcohol, slightly soluble in acids but completely dissolves in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
When heated to 80℃, Iron oxide pigment yellow loses water and converts to red ferric oxide.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is used in coating, printing ink and paint, and also as a coloring agent for building material, rubber and paper-making.

Iron oxide pigment yellow is widely used due to its bright and pure colour, good weather proofing and high opacity.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is manufactured by the precipitation of ferric oxide hydroxide followed by purification through washing, drying and milling.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is an inorganic, high-purity pigment.
Particle size range 1.0-7.0 micrometer.
Mean particle size 2.93 micrometer.
Provides superior color purity and saturation.
Outstanding dispersibility, no aggregate formation.

Iron oxide pigment yellow Chemical Properties
Melting point: 1538 °C
Density: 5.24
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Room Temperature
Form: Powder
Color: yellow
Water Solubility: 1.65μg/L
CAS DataBase Reference: 51274-00-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Iron oxide pigment yellow(51274-00-1)

Uses
Iron oxide pigment yellow is used in the topical solar composition protecting skin exposed to irradiation of high energy visible light.
Mainly used in paint, cement parts, building surfaces, plastics, rubber coloring
inorganic yellow pigment.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is widely used in the coloring of artificial marble, terrawl and rubber products.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is also used in the manufacture of watercolors, paints, and architectural coatings.
Also useful are intermediates for the production of iron oxide-based pigments, such as for the preparation of iron oxide red, iron oxide black.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is widely used in the construction of artificial marble, Grindstone coloring.
Iron oxide pigment yellow is the color, oil, paint, rubber and other pigments.
Used as an intermediate of iron oxide pigment, such as iron oxide red, iron black and so on.

Preparation Method
Ferrous sulfate oxidation method; Sulfuric acid reacts with iron filings to generate ferrous sulfate, 3% sodium hydroxide solution is added and air is introduced to prepare each crystal nucleus, ferrous sulfate and iron filings are added to the crystal nucleus suspension, heated and oxidized, and filtered by pressure filter, yellow iron oxide was obtained by washing and pulverization.

Synonyms
Ferric oxide Yellow
Ferric oxide, yellow
Bayferrox 920
51274-00-1
UNII-EX438O2MRT
Iron hydroxide oxide yellow
Ferric oxide, yellow [NF]
Iron Oxide Yellow
EX438O2MRT
CCRIS 4378
EINECS 257-098-5
iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide;hydrate
Ferrox
EC 257-098-5
MAPICO YELLOW
IRON OXIDE,YELLOW
FERRIC OXIDE,YELLOW
HYDRATED FERRIC-OXIDE
FERRIC OXIDE, HYDRATED
INS NO.172(III)
INS-172(III)
FERRIC OXIDE YELLOW [II]
FERRIC OXYHYDROXIDE HYDRATE
HYDRATED IRON (III) OXIDE
IRON OXIDE,YELLOW [VANDF]
CI 77492 [INCI]
E-172(III)
SYNTHETIC YELLOW IRON OXIDE
FERRIC OXIDE,YELLOW [VANDF]
FERRIC OXIDE, HYDRATED [II]
FERRIC OXIDE (HYDRATE) [NF]
AKOS032950036
IRON(III) OXIDE-HYDROXIDE MONOHYDRATE
CI(1975) NO. 77492
Q27277405
105478-30-6

Synthetic red iron oxide is the most common colorant in ceramics and has the highest amount of iron.
It is available commercially as a soft and very fine powder made by grinding ore material or heat processing ferrous/ferric sulphate or ferric hydroxide.
During firing all irons normally decompose and produce similar colors in glazes and clay bodies (although they have differing amounts of Fe metal per gram of powder).

CAS: 1309-37-1;1317-60-8;1332-37-2
EINECS 215-168-2;215-275-4;215-570-8
Name: Iron(III) oxide
Molecular Formula: Fe2O3
Molecular Weight: 159.69

Red iron oxide is available in many different shades from a bright light red to a deep red maroon, these are normally designated by a scale from about 120-180 (this number designation should be on the bags from the manufacturer, darker colors are higher numbers), however, in ceramics these different grades should all fire to a similar temperature since they have the same amount iron.
The different raw colors are a product of the degree of grinding.

In oxidation firing iron is very refractory, so much so that it is impossible, even in a highly melted frit, to produce a metallic glaze.
It is an important source for tan, red-brown, and brown colors in glazes and bodies.
Iron red colors, for example, are dependent on the crystallization of iron in a fluid glaze matrix and require large amounts of iron being present (eg. 25%).

The red color of terra cotta bodies comes from iron, typically around 5% or more, and depends of the body being porous.
As these bodies are fired to higher temperatures the color shifts to a deeper red and finally brown. The story is similar with medium fire bodies.

In reduction firing iron changes its personality to become a very active flux.
Iron glazes that are stable at cone 6-10 in oxidation will run off the ware in reduction.
The iron in reduction fired glazes is known for producing very attractive earthy brown tones.
Greens, greys and reds can also be achieved depending on the chemistry of the glaze and the amount of iron.
Ancient Chinese celadons, for example, contained around 2-3% iron.
Particulate iron impurities in reduction clay bodies can melt and become fluid during firing, creating specks that can bleed up through glazes.
This phenomenon is a highly desirable aesthetic in certain types of ceramics, when the particles are quite large the resultant blotch in the glaze surface is called a blossom.

Iron oxide can gel glaze and clay slurries making them difficult to work with (this is especially a problem where the slurry is deflocculated).
Iron oxide particles are very small, normally 100% of the material will pass a 325 mesh screen (this is part of the reason iron is such a nuisance dust).
As with other powders of exceedingly small particle size, agglomeration of the particles into larger ones can be a real problem.

These particles can resist break down, even a powerful electric mixer is not enough to disperse them (black iron oxide can be even more difficult).
In such cases screening a glaze will break them down.
However screening finer than 80 mesh is difficult, this is not fine enough to eliminate the speckles that iron can produce.
Thus ball milling may be the only solution if the speckle is undesired.

Red iron oxides are available in spheroidal, rhombohedral, and irregular particle shapes.
Some high purity grades are specially controlled for heavy metals and are used in drugs, cosmetics, pet foods, and soft ferrites.
Highly refined grades can have 98% Fe2O3 but typically red iron is about 95% pure and very fine (less than 1% 325 mesh).
Some grades of red iron do have coarser specks in them and this can result in unwanted specking in glaze and bodies (see picture).

High iron raw materials or alternate names: burnt sienna, crocus martis, Indian red, red ochre, red oxide, Spanish red.
Iron is the principal contaminant in most clay materials.
A low iron content, for example, is very important in kaolins used for porcelain.

One method of producing synthetic iron oxide is by burning solutions of Ferric Chloride (spent pickle liquor from the steel industry) to produce Hydrochloric Acid (their main product) and Hematite (a byproduct).
100% pure material contains 69.9% Fe.


Fe2O3, also known as hematite or Iron(III) oxide.
This comes from a natural source so the product has slight variation in color.
Particle size runs about 500 mesh (30 microns).
Iron oxide red is Used in welding, pigments, ceramics, along with a lot of other uses.

Iron Oxide Red is an inorganic, high-purity pigment.
Iron Oxide Red has Particle size range 0.3-1.0 micrometer.
Iron Oxide Red has Mean particle size of 0.56 micrometer.
Iron Oxide Red Provides superior color purity and saturation.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE RED:
Molecular Formula: Fe2O3
Molar Mass: 159.69
Melting Point: 1538℃
Water Solubility: INSOLUBLE
Appearance: Red to reddish brown powder
Storage Condition: Room Temprature
Sensitive: Easily absorbing moisture
MDL: MFCD00011008
Chemical description: Pigment Red 101.77491 (Fe2O3)
Chemical Formula: Fe2O3
Lightfastness - thinned: 8 (1 is bad, 8 is best)
Lightfastness - medium: 8 (1 is bad, 8 is best)
Lightfastness - concentrated: 8 (1 is bad, 8 is best)
ColorIndex: PR 101.77491
Suitability: Acrylics, Cement / Tadelakt, Ceramic, Lime / Fresco, Oil, Silicate binder, Waterglass, Tempera, Watercolor / Gouache
Colors: Red
Forms: powder
Solubility in water: insoluble
Pigment Type: Oxides are man-made pigments from natural elements.
Oxides are strong in tinting strength and more opaque than other colors so can often be used at a lower ratio than natural pigments.
These colors are an excellent choice for cement and stucco, but are not limited to that use.
Composition: Iron Oxide, PR101
Chemical Formula: Fe203
Lightfastness: Excellent
Particle size 50 microns (325 Mesh)
Heat Stability: Color Stable to 300° F
Packaging: 100g: 4 oz recyclable plastic jar
500g and above: double plastic bag
Quantities over 1 kilo will be bulk packed
Notes: Use care when handling any dry pigment.
Avoid inhaling pigment dust.

A red transparent powder of the three crystal system.
The particles are fine, the particle size is 0.01 to 0.05 μm, the specific surface area is large (10 times that of ordinary iron oxide red), the ultraviolet absorption is strong, and the light resistance and the atmospheric resistance are excellent.
When light is projected onto a paint film or plastic containing a transparent iron oxide red pigment, it is in a transparent state.
The relative density of 5.7g/cm3, the melting point of 1396. It is a new kind of iron pigment with unique properties.

Iron oxide red is dark red powder; Odorless, tasteless.
Iron oxide red is insoluble in water; Soluble in boiling hydrochloric acid.

Red iron oxide is the most common colorant in ceramics and has the highest amount of iron.
It is available commercially as a soft and very fine powder made by grinding ore material or heat processing ferrous/ferric sulphate or ferric hydroxide.
During firing all irons normally decompose and produce similar colors in glazes and clay bodies (although they have differing amounts of Fe metal per gram of powder).

Red iron oxide is available in many different shades from a bright light red at a deep red maroon, these are normally designated by a scale from about 120-180 (this number designation should be on the bags from the manufacturer, darker colors are higher numbers), however in ceramics these different grades should all fire to a similar temperature since they have the same amount iron.
The different raw colors are a product of the degree of grinding.

In oxidation firing iron is very refractory, so much so that it is impossible, even in a highly melted frit, to produce a metallic glaze.
It is an important source for tan, red-brown, and brown colors in glazes and bodies.
Iron red colors, for example, are dependent on the crystallization of iron in a fluid glaze matrix and require large amounts of iron being present (eg. 25%).
The red color of terra cotta bodies comes from iron, typically around 5% or more, and depends of the body being porous.
As these bodies are fired to higher temperatures the color shifts to a deeper red and finally brown.
The story is similar with medium fire bodies.

In reduction firing iron changes its personality to become a very active flux.
Iron glazes that are stable at cone 6-10 in oxidation will run off the ware in reduction.
The iron in reduction fired glazes is known for producing very attractive earthy brown tones.
Greens, greys and reds can also be achieved depending on the chemistry of the glaze and the amount of iron.
Ancient Chinese celadons, for example, contained around 2-3% iron.

Particulate iron impurities in reduction clay bodies can melt and become fluid during firing, creating specks that can bleed up through glazes.
This phenomenon is a highly desirable aesthetic in certain types of ceramics, when the particles are quite large the resultant blotch in the glaze surface is called a blossom.

Iron oxide can gel glaze and clay slurries making them difficult to work with (this is especially a problem where the slurry is deflocculated).
Iron oxide particles are very small, normally 100% of the material will pass a 325 mesh screen (this is part of the reason iron is such a nuisance dust).
As with other powders of exceedingly small particle size, agglomeration of the the particles into larger ones can be a real problem.

These particles can resist break down, even a powerful electric mixer is not enough to disperse them (black iron oxide can be even more difficult).
In such cases screening a glaze will break them down.
However screening finer than 80 mesh is difficult, this is not fine enough to eliminate the speckles that iron can produce.
Thus ball milling may be the only solution if the speckle is undesired.


APPLICATIONS OF IRON OXIDE RED:
Mainly used as magnetic materials, pigments, polishing agents, catalysts, etc., but also for telecommunications, Instrument Industry inorganic red pigment.
Iron oxide red is mainly used for the transparent coloring of coins, but also for the coloring of paints, inks and plastics.
Iron oxide red is an inorganic pigment, which is used as an anti-rust pigment in the coating industry.
Iron oxide red is also used as a colorant for rubber, artificial marble, ground terrae, plastic, asbestos, artificial leather, leather paste and other colorants and fillers, precision instruments, polishing agent for optical glass, raw materials for producing magnetic material ferrite elements, and the like.

PREPARATION METHOD OF IRON OXIDE RED:
The preparation methods include wet method and dry method.
Wet products Crystal fine, soft particles, easy to grind, suitable for pigment.
Dry products crystallize large, hard particles, suitable for magnetic materials, polishing materials.

Wet method:
A certain amount of 5% ferrous sulfate solution is rapidly reacted with an excess of caustic soda solution (alkali excess is required to be 0. 04~0. 08g/mL), at room temperature into the air to make all the red brown ferric hydroxide colloidal solution, as the deposition of iron oxide nuclei.
The above crystal nucleus as the carrier, with ferrous sulfate as the medium, into the air, at 75~85 ℃, in the presence of metallic iron, ferrous sulfate and oxygen in the air, the formation of ferric oxide (ie, iron red) it is deposited on the crystal nucleus, and the sulfate in the solution interacts with the metal iron to regenerate the ferrous sulfate, and the ferrous sulfate is oxidized into iron red by air to continue the deposition, so that the cycle is to the end of the whole process to generate iron oxide red.
Dry method:
Nitric acid reacts with iron flakes to form ferrous nitrate, which is cooled to crystallize, dehydrated and dried.
After grinding, it is calcined at 600~700 ℃ for 8~10h, then washed with water and dried, the red iron oxide product was prepared by pulverization. Iron oxide red can also be obtained by calcining iron oxide yellow at 600 to 700 °c.

USAGE AND PROPORTION(%) OF IRON OXIDE RED:
Lipsticks / Lip Gloss: 5-10
Eyeshadows:10-40
Blusher, CC cream, Foundation:2-10
Blusher Rouge:2-10
Makeup Powders: 5-10
Eyebrow Pencils, Eyeshadow Pen: 2-15
Vanishing Cream, Face Cold Cream: 2-5
Nail Polish, Nail UV/LED Polish Gel: 2-20
Hair Spray, Shampoo, Perfume: 0.1-10
Body Lotions & Body Creams: 1-5
Cold Process Soap: 1-5




SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE RED:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.


SYNONYMS OF IRON OXIDE RED:
E 172
Hematite
C.I. 77491
Iron Oxide
C.I.P. R.101
Ferric oxide
Iron(III)oxide
IRON OXIDE RED
diiron trioxide
Iron(III) oxide
Iron (III) oxide
Ironoxide anhydrous
C.I. Pigment Red 101
C.I. Pigment Red 102
Iron (III) oxide, red
Ferric oxide,medicinal
oxo-(oxoferriooxy)iron
COLOUR FERRIC OXIDE RED
Ironoxideredbrownpowder
Ferric oxide for ferrite
Iron oxide - precipitated
diferric oxygen(-2) anion
Transparent iron oxide red
Iron (III) Oxide Anhydrous
Iron (III) oxide - calcined
C.I. Pigment Red 101 and 102

DESCRIPTION:
Iron oxide yellow is one of the many colors of iron oxide.
Yellow ochre clay contains yellow iron oxide.
In ceramics red iron oxide is most commonly used in glazes and clay bodies, but black is also used.

CAS: 51274-00-1
IC: PY42.77492
Origin: iron oxide

PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE YELLOW:
Suitability:
Oil, acrylic, tempera, watercolors / gouache, lime / fresco, cement / tadelakt, ceramics, water glass
Color index:
PY 42.77492
Fastness to light:
full tone: 8, medium: 8, diluted: 8 (1 is bad, 8 is best).
Synthetic iron oxide hydrate (Fe²O³.H²o).
Fe2O3 content: 87-88 %
Absolute density: 4,1 g/ml
Bulk density: 0,4-0,6 g/ml
Sieve residue (0,045 mm sieve): max. 0,02 %
pH: 3,5-7
Soluble salts: max. 0,5 %
Oil absorbtion: 48-52 g/100g
Heat stability: 170 °C 1 h
Light stability (1-8): 8 (excellent)
Humidity: 1 %
Form: powder
Colour: matte yellow
Odour: odourless
Solubility: insoluble
Ingredients: yellow iron oxide
pH-Value: 4-8
Melting temperature: >1000°
Flash point: not combustible
Flammability (solid, gas): non-flammable
Apparent Density: 4 g/cm3
Solubility in water: insoluble

Yellow iron oxide, similar to ultramarines, is a colourant that has been extracted and sieved of dangerous impurities.
This colour adds a sense of happiness and can be used in body care applications or to deepen the tone of other colours in many applications.
For instance, colouring eyeshadows, foundations, and even soaps.
Yellow iron oxide has been successful in preserving the shape and colour in cold process or melt-and-pour soaps.

One of its disadvantages though is that Yellow iron oxide has a tendency to clump and you will need to be extra cautious to de-clump first before adding to your recipe.
To de-clump beforehand, use a hand mixer to pre-mix your colourant in with a purified fixed oil, such as olive oil, before adding to your soap.

Yellow iron oxide will help thaw and break up any clusters.
The coloured oil can be added to the soap batter at trace when making cold process soap.
For melt and pour soap, the iron oxide must be firstly mixed carefully with glycerine to avoid spattering.

Then, simply add Yellow iron oxide to the melt-and-pour soap.
Add this Yellow Iron Oxide to your bath and body products for a brighter look.
The 15g selection is packaged in a clear vial whereas bigger selections come packaged in reclosable ziplock standup pouches.
Caution: There may be a harmful reaction of the product with metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, potassium, zinc, lithium, sodium etc., at high temperatures.

Yellow iron oxide has Very high color brilliance and color purity.
Yellow iron oxide has Very opaque property.
For the calculation of the required pigments you can help yourself with the table, which you can find in the gallery pictures.
The best way is to mix a color dough with the wetting agent and water.

Yellow is the least color-stable form.
Yellow iron oxide is a synthetic material of very fine particle size (but not as fine as black or red).
Actual yellow iron oxides are around 85% Fe2O3 and about 12% LOI with some impurities (e.g. SiO2, CaO).

Theoretically, any form of iron could be used to source Fe in the fired ceramic product (of course they lose different amounts of volatiles on firing so they cannot be substituted gram-for-gram). However in practice this is not the case.
Yellow iron, in our tests, for example, does not stain a glaze but it does stain a clay body.
The reason is not apparent to us yet.

Yellow irons can be used where raw color or other raw properties are important to the manufacturing process or color of the unfired product and where a less messy material is desired. Yellow iron is not as fluffy and light as black, but more than red.
Iron oxide yellow does not agglomerate as badly as red, but more than black.
Iron oxide yellow is coarser in particle size and does leave some lighter colored residue on a 325 mesh screen (up to 8% in one specimen we tested whereas the others left zero).

Yellow iron is also used in paints, enamels, concrete colorants, plastics, rubber, and paper where permanent yellow is required.
Iron oxide yellow has excellent hiding power, absorbs ultraviolet light, is compatible with a broad range of vehicles, disperses well in aqueous and solvent systems, does not contain heavy metals.




Yellow Iron Oxide is a very versatile yellow.
Iron oxide yellow is considered a matte pigment.
Yellow Iron Oxide is a beautiful yellow with a variety of uses.
Yellow Iron Oxide ca easily be used alone, or use Iron oxide yellow to blend and add other oxides and micas for new shades and colors.

Iron Oxide is considered a great natural colorant, and they have been filtered of any potential harmful impurities.
Yellows and other iron oxides are very useful for tinting blushes, eye liners, eye shadows, lip colors, foundations, etc.
An essential colorants for your specialty make-up formulations.

Our colorants work amazing alone or along with other pigments and dyes.
Concentrations to be used vary on the formulation you are trying to make.
For example, liquid soap will require less colorant whereas compact powders will require much more.

All Iron Oxides are pigments that are widely used in all kinds of applications from technical uses to specialty formulations to make cosmetics and personal care.
Whether you are making face powders, foundations, blushes, eyeshadows, salt or sugar scrubs, you will always find iron oxides perfect for tinting and coloring.
Iron oxides, like our yellow iron oxide are perfect for making soaps and make gorgeous swirl soaps too.

Black Iron Oxide is particularly useful, similar to titaniun dioxide, as it is so helpful in creating specialty shades and tints.
Iron oxide yellow is dispersible in water and oil.
Care must be taken to mix using high shearing force to get it to blend. (Use a stick blender for best results.)

For dry applications, simply mix with your favorite base clay, talc or titanium dioxide or other dry medium.

Typical Usage: Just a 1/2 oz will tint / color about 20 lbs of a product depending on the tint / intensity of the color you want.
Iron oxide yellow is advisable to add a very small amount at a time until you get your desired result.

Colors can be mixed together to create new colors.
Blend with titanium dioxide or black iron oxide for even ,more tints and colors.
You can make all kinds of tints and shades.
Try blending with clays,talcs or titanium dioxide to make all kinds of colors.
Keep in mind that when you blend the iron oxides with these materials you will often find that the colors have different various undertones.

Caution - When using yellow iron oxide, do not expose it to prolonged high temperatures at or above 300 degrees F.
Yellow Iron Oxide has a tendency to drift to a red color when under prolonged heat exposure above 300 F.

YELLOW IRON OXIDE PRODUCT RECOMMENDED PIGMENTS:
Nubifer Y-2000 series – The very basic series Yellow Iron Oxide pigment.
Recommended for plastics; only low temperature such as PVC, EVA, LDPE and rubber, and coatings where high dispersibility is not requested and for general use in cement and concrete applications.

Nubifer Y-4000 series - The basic series of Yellow Iron Oxide pigment.
Recommended for plastics, coatings, cement and concrete applications.

Nubifer Y-5000 series – Micronized/high dispersibility/narrow colorimetric tolerance Yellow Iron Oxides
Nubifer Y-5010 – Light shade Yellow Iron Oxide
Nubifer Y-5020 – Reddish shade Yellow Iron Oxide

Nubifer Y-5028 – Reddish shade Yellow Iron Oxide with enhanced rheological performance
Nubifer Y-5028LV – Yellow Iron Oxide Low with viscosity, when used in pigment pastes at high pigment loading.
Nubifer Y-7000 series – Micronized, high heat fastness Yellow Iron Oxides

Nubifer Y-7050 – Encapsulated grade Yellow Iron Oxide.
Recommended for high temperature curing coatings (heat fastness = 260°C, 5 min.), for medium processing temperature resins (heat fastness = 260°C, 5 min.) and PVC; more suitable for unplasticized PVC compounds than conventional Yellow Iron Oxides.

APPLICATIONS OF YELLOW IRON OXIDE:
Plastics: Polyolefins, PS, ABS, engineered polymers, PVC, silicones, and rubber
Coatings: Liquid architectural and industrial, powder, coil, stoving and high temperature resistant coatings
Industrial: Cement, concrete, glass and ceramics

FDA regulates color additives used in foods, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices.
Ferric oxide yellow is an inorganic yellow pigment used in the pharmaceutical industry as a coating pigment.
Ferric oxide yellow is also known as yellow iron oxide [FeOH3].
Iron oxide yellow exists as an amorphous yellow powder, and is primarily used in the cosmetics industry.

TYPICAL COSMETIC APPLICATIONS:
• Hair Spray, Shampoo, Perfume 0.1-10.0%
• Body Lotions & Creams 1.0-5.0%
• Soap 1.0-5.0%
• Vanishing Cream 2.0-5.0%
• Blush & Foundation 2.0-10.0%
• Makeup Powders 5.0-10.0%
• Lipstick & Lip gloss 5.0-10.0%
• Eyeshadow Pencils & Eyeliner Pens 2.0-15.0%
• Nail Polish 2.0-20.0%
• Eyeshadow 10.0-40.0%


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE YELLOW:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

DESCRIPTION:
Iron oxide yellow is one of the many colors of iron oxide.
Yellow ochre clay contains yellow iron oxide.
In ceramics red iron oxide is most commonly used in glazes and clay bodies, but black is also used.

CAS: 51274-00-1
IC: PY42.77492
Origin: iron oxide

PROPERTIES OF IRON OXIDE YELLOW:
Suitability:
Oil, acrylic, tempera, watercolors / gouache, lime / fresco, cement / tadelakt, ceramics, water glass
Color index:
PY 42.77492
Fastness to light:
full tone: 8, medium: 8, diluted: 8 (1 is bad, 8 is best).
Synthetic iron oxide hydrate (Fe²O³.H²o).
Fe2O3 content: 87-88 %
Absolute density: 4,1 g/ml
Bulk density: 0,4-0,6 g/ml
Sieve residue (0,045 mm sieve): max. 0,02 %
pH: 3,5-7
Soluble salts: max. 0,5 %
Oil absorbtion: 48-52 g/100g
Heat stability: 170 °C 1 h
Light stability (1-8): 8 (excellent)
Humidity: 1 %
Form: powder
Colour: matte yellow
Odour: odourless
Solubility: insoluble
Ingredients: yellow iron oxide
pH-Value: 4-8
Melting temperature: >1000°
Flash point: not combustible
Flammability (solid, gas): non-flammable
Apparent Density: 4 g/cm3
Solubility in water: insoluble

Yellow iron oxide, similar to ultramarines, is a colourant that has been extracted and sieved of dangerous impurities.
This colour adds a sense of happiness and can be used in body care applications or to deepen the tone of other colours in many applications.
For instance, colouring eyeshadows, foundations, and even soaps.
Yellow iron oxide has been successful in preserving the shape and colour in cold process or melt-and-pour soaps.

One of its disadvantages though is that Yellow iron oxide has a tendency to clump and you will need to be extra cautious to de-clump first before adding to your recipe.
To de-clump beforehand, use a hand mixer to pre-mix your colourant in with a purified fixed oil, such as olive oil, before adding to your soap.

Yellow iron oxide will help thaw and break up any clusters.
The coloured oil can be added to the soap batter at trace when making cold process soap.
For melt and pour soap, the iron oxide must be firstly mixed carefully with glycerine to avoid spattering.

Then, simply add Yellow iron oxide to the melt-and-pour soap.
Add this Yellow Iron Oxide to your bath and body products for a brighter look.
The 15g selection is packaged in a clear vial whereas bigger selections come packaged in reclosable ziplock standup pouches.
Caution: There may be a harmful reaction of the product with metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, potassium, zinc, lithium, sodium etc., at high temperatures.

Yellow iron oxide has Very high color brilliance and color purity.
Yellow iron oxide has Very opaque property.
For the calculation of the required pigments you can help yourself with the table, which you can find in the gallery pictures.
The best way is to mix a color dough with the wetting agent and water.

Yellow is the least color-stable form.
Yellow iron oxide is a synthetic material of very fine particle size (but not as fine as black or red).
Actual yellow iron oxides are around 85% Fe2O3 and about 12% LOI with some impurities (e.g. SiO2, CaO).

Theoretically, any form of iron could be used to source Fe in the fired ceramic product (of course they lose different amounts of volatiles on firing so they cannot be substituted gram-for-gram). However in practice this is not the case.
Yellow iron, in our tests, for example, does not stain a glaze but it does stain a clay body.
The reason is not apparent to us yet.

Yellow irons can be used where raw color or other raw properties are important to the manufacturing process or color of the unfired product and where a less messy material is desired. Yellow iron is not as fluffy and light as black, but more than red.
Iron oxide yellow does not agglomerate as badly as red, but more than black.
Iron oxide yellow is coarser in particle size and does leave some lighter colored residue on a 325 mesh screen (up to 8% in one specimen we tested whereas the others left zero).

Yellow iron is also used in paints, enamels, concrete colorants, plastics, rubber, and paper where permanent yellow is required.
Iron oxide yellow has excellent hiding power, absorbs ultraviolet light, is compatible with a broad range of vehicles, disperses well in aqueous and solvent systems, does not contain heavy metals.




Yellow Iron Oxide is a very versatile yellow.
Iron oxide yellow is considered a matte pigment.
Yellow Iron Oxide is a beautiful yellow with a variety of uses.
Yellow Iron Oxide ca easily be used alone, or use Iron oxide yellow to blend and add other oxides and micas for new shades and colors.

Iron Oxide is considered a great natural colorant, and they have been filtered of any potential harmful impurities.
Yellows and other iron oxides are very useful for tinting blushes, eye liners, eye shadows, lip colors, foundations, etc.
An essential colorants for your specialty make-up formulations.

Our colorants work amazing alone or along with other pigments and dyes.
Concentrations to be used vary on the formulation you are trying to make.
For example, liquid soap will require less colorant whereas compact powders will require much more.

All Iron Oxides are pigments that are widely used in all kinds of applications from technical uses to specialty formulations to make cosmetics and personal care.
Whether you are making face powders, foundations, blushes, eyeshadows, salt or sugar scrubs, you will always find iron oxides perfect for tinting and coloring.
Iron oxides, like our yellow iron oxide are perfect for making soaps and make gorgeous swirl soaps too.

Black Iron Oxide is particularly useful, similar to titaniun dioxide, as it is so helpful in creating specialty shades and tints.
Iron oxide yellow is dispersible in water and oil.
Care must be taken to mix using high shearing force to get it to blend. (Use a stick blender for best results.)

For dry applications, simply mix with your favorite base clay, talc or titanium dioxide or other dry medium.

Typical Usage: Just a 1/2 oz will tint / color about 20 lbs of a product depending on the tint / intensity of the color you want.
Iron oxide yellow is advisable to add a very small amount at a time until you get your desired result.

Colors can be mixed together to create new colors.
Blend with titanium dioxide or black iron oxide for even ,more tints and colors.
You can make all kinds of tints and shades.
Try blending with clays,talcs or titanium dioxide to make all kinds of colors.
Keep in mind that when you blend the iron oxides with these materials you will often find that the colors have different various undertones.

Caution - When using yellow iron oxide, do not expose it to prolonged high temperatures at or above 300 degrees F.
Yellow Iron Oxide has a tendency to drift to a red color when under prolonged heat exposure above 300 F.

YELLOW IRON OXIDE PRODUCT RECOMMENDED PIGMENTS:
Nubifer Y-2000 series – The very basic series Yellow Iron Oxide pigment.
Recommended for plastics; only low temperature such as PVC, EVA, LDPE and rubber, and coatings where high dispersibility is not requested and for general use in cement and concrete applications.

Nubifer Y-4000 series - The basic series of Yellow Iron Oxide pigment.
Recommended for plastics, coatings, cement and concrete applications.

Nubifer Y-5000 series – Micronized/high dispersibility/narrow colorimetric tolerance Yellow Iron Oxides
Nubifer Y-5010 – Light shade Yellow Iron Oxide
Nubifer Y-5020 – Reddish shade Yellow Iron Oxide

Nubifer Y-5028 – Reddish shade Yellow Iron Oxide with enhanced rheological performance
Nubifer Y-5028LV – Yellow Iron Oxide Low with viscosity, when used in pigment pastes at high pigment loading.
Nubifer Y-7000 series – Micronized, high heat fastness Yellow Iron Oxides

Nubifer Y-7050 – Encapsulated grade Yellow Iron Oxide.
Recommended for high temperature curing coatings (heat fastness = 260°C, 5 min.), for medium processing temperature resins (heat fastness = 260°C, 5 min.) and PVC; more suitable for unplasticized PVC compounds than conventional Yellow Iron Oxides.

APPLICATIONS OF YELLOW IRON OXIDE:
Plastics: Polyolefins, PS, ABS, engineered polymers, PVC, silicones, and rubber
Coatings: Liquid architectural and industrial, powder, coil, stoving and high temperature resistant coatings
Industrial: Cement, concrete, glass and ceramics

FDA regulates color additives used in foods, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices.
Ferric oxide yellow is an inorganic yellow pigment used in the pharmaceutical industry as a coating pigment.
Ferric oxide yellow is also known as yellow iron oxide [FeOH3].
Iron oxide yellow exists as an amorphous yellow powder, and is primarily used in the cosmetics industry.

TYPICAL COSMETIC APPLICATIONS:
• Hair Spray, Shampoo, Perfume 0.1-10.0%
• Body Lotions & Creams 1.0-5.0%
• Soap 1.0-5.0%
• Vanishing Cream 2.0-5.0%
• Blush & Foundation 2.0-10.0%
• Makeup Powders 5.0-10.0%
• Lipstick & Lip gloss 5.0-10.0%
• Eyeshadow Pencils & Eyeliner Pens 2.0-15.0%
• Nail Polish 2.0-20.0%
• Eyeshadow 10.0-40.0%


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT IRON OXIDE YELLOW:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Isatis tinctoria Root extract is the active ingredient of Danggui Longhui Wan, a traditional Chinese medicine containing plants such as Indigofera tinctoria L. and Isatis tinctoria L, which are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat chronic diseases.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract and its analogues are reported as potent inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Isatis tinctoria Root extract could attribute to the positive effect of indirubin on counteracting proliferative diseases, such as chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), a slowly progressive disease characterized by the overproduction of granulocytes.

CAS: 479-41-4
MF: C16H10N2O2
MW: 262.26
EINECS: 610-392-0

Synonyms
[2,3'-Biindolinylidene]-2',3-dione;Indirubin (Synthetic), >=98%;Indirubin/Folium Isatidis Extract;2H-Indol-2-one, 3-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-1,3-dihydro-;Nsc105327;INDIRUBIN (RG);(E)-3-(3-oxoindolin-2-ylidene)indolin-2-one;3-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2h-indol-2-ylidene)-1,3-dihydro-

A further alkaloid isolated from the matured fruit of Couroupita guianensis, this base forms red crystals from EtOH and melts above 340°C.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract forms the Nacetyl derivative, m.p. 186°C.
The full structure has not yet been established.

History
The report in 1951 showed that indirubin can inhibit eosinophils in the blood of guinea pigs. But this report did not attract attention.
Indirubin is the effective component of the traditional Chinese medicine Angelica aloe pill.
Since 1966, the scientists in the Institute of Hematonosis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research, started the research of therapying chronic myelocytic leukemia with the TCM rules using Angelica aloe pills, which had certain effect.
Angelica aloe pill consisted of 11 herbs, such as Angelica, Aloe, Rhizoma Coptidis, and natural indigo.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract was identified that natural indigo was the effective component of Angelica aloe pill.
However, the active ingredient of natural indigo was indirubin.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract is a novel antileukemia drug, which was found by the medical scientists in China in the middle of the 1970s.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract has the effects of antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antitumor, and enhancing immune functions.

Isatis tinctoria Root extract has been applied to the clinical treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract has the characteristics of reliable clinical curative effect, small side effects, and no obvious inhibitory effect on the bone marrow.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract is a primary reference substance with assigned absolute purity (considering chromatographic purity, water, residual solvents, inorganic impurities).
The exact value can be found on the certificate.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract is a chemical compound that belongs to the indole family.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract has been studied for its anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties.
These products are aimed at life science researchers who need high quality ready-to-use products for assay development, screening or other R&D work.

Isatis tinctoria Root extract Chemical Properties
Melting point: 350°C(lit.)
Boiling point: 496.6±45.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.417±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility: DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Very Slightly, Heated)
Pka: 9.13±0.20(Predicted)
Form: Purple powder.
Color: Very Dark Red
λmax: 540nm(DMSO)(lit.)
InChI: InChI=1S/C16H10N2O2/c19-15-10-6-2-4-8-12(10)17-14(15)13-9-5-1-3-7-11(9)18-16(13)20/h1-8,17H,(H,18,20)
InChIKey: CRDNMYFJWFXOCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference: 479-41-4(CAS DataBase Reference)

Appearance: dark red acicular crystal with sublimate, odorless, and tasteless.
Solubility: slightly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or tetrahydrofuran, very slightly soluble in chloroform or acetone, and insoluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, or water.
Melting point: 348–353 °C.
The stability of indirubin is poor that Isatis tinctoria Root extract needs to be stored away from light and thermal environment.

Uses
Isatis tinctoria Root extract is a purple 3,2-bisindole derivative and was shown to exhibit inhibitory allergic contact dermatitis via regulating T helper (Th)-mediated immune system in DNCB-induced model.
A possible glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor the active component of a traditional Congolese antiepilepsy treatment.

Pharmacology
The effect of Isatis tinctoria Root extract has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, detoxification, enhancing immune function anticancer.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract has moderate inhibitory effect for animal-transplanted tumor.
200 mg/kg indirubin subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection, once daily for 6 consecutive days, had the inhibition effect to rat W256 tumor cancer sarcoma; the inhibition rates were 47–52% and 50–58%, respectively.
The chemotherapy index of intraperitoneal injection was 2.23.
However, the inhibition rate of 500mg/kg indirubin by gavage was only 23–33%.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract by perfusion can prolong the survival time of W526 rat.
The inhibition rate of Lewis mice’s lung cancer was 43% for 500?mg/kg indirubin orally, once a day for 9–10days.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract has some inhibition effects on mice breast cancer, but no obvious effect for L1212, P388, and L1210 of lymphocytic leukemia in mice.
The effect of Isatis tinctoria Root extract on chronic myelogenous leukemia is very obvious, which is similar to first clinical choice of Maryland.

Isatis tinctoria Root extract has the advantages of fast curative effect, no obvious inhibition effect of the bone, small bone marrow toxicity, and low side effects.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract may have the effect of improving adrenocorticotropic hormone.
In pathological conditions, such as inflammatory diarrhea, protein metabolism disorder, kidney disease, leukemia, and other tumors, urinary excretion of indirubin increased.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract can inhibit synthesis of DNA and destroy the leukemia cells.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract was found by electron microscopy that juvenile cells reduced, even disappear completely, with indirubin administration.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract can significantly reduce the size of spleen, increase the concentration of hemoglobin to normal level, and reduce the swelling liver.
In addition, Isatis tinctoria Root extract can also enhance the phagocytic ability of animal mononuclear macrophages, which play a role in body immune reaction.
So the anticancer effect of Isatis tinctoria Root extract may be related to improving the body’s immunity.

Clinical Use
Isatis tinctoria Root extract is mainly used for chronic myeloid leukemia; its total effective rate was 87.3%.
The effect of Isatis tinctoria Root extract to decrease white blood cells is similar to Maryland.
The effect of Isatis tinctoria Root extract to reduce liver is better than that of Maryland.
But the remission role of the blood and bone marrow is worse than Maryland, and no cross resistance with Maryland.
Isatis tinctoria Root extract could be used for abnormal bone marrow hyperplasia and eosinophilia.

Isethionate is a white water-soluble solid used in the manufacture of certain surfactants and in the industrial production of taurine.
Isethionate is an organosulfur compound containing an alkylsulfonic acid located beta to a hydroxy group.
Isethionate is the trivial name for 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid which is the parent compound of sodium isethionate.

CAS Number: 107-36-8
Molecular Formula: C2H6O4S
Molecular Weight: 126.13
EINECS Number: 203-484-3

Isethionate is most commonly available in the form of its sodium salt (sodium isethionate).
Isethionate, the ethyl chain sulfonic acid containing hydroxy group, is a water soluble, strongly acidic liquid; used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable and high foaming anionic surfactants which provides gentle cleansing and soft skin feel.

Isethionate is prepared by the reaction of ethylene oxide with sodium bisulfite solution.
Isethionate is a combination of a type of sulphonic acid called Isethionic Acid and a fatty acid or sodium salt ester which is derived from coconut oil.
Isethionate Powder is a particularly mild surfactant derived from coconut.

Isethionate is known to be non-allergic, non-irritating and non-toxic, hence used in a wide range of beauty products and toiletries.
Isethionate, also known as 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate or 2-hydroxyethylsulfonic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organosulfonic acids.
Organosulfonic acids are compounds containing the sulfonic acid group, which has the general structure RS(=O)2OH (R is not a hydrogen atom).

Isethionate exists as a solid, soluble (in water), and an extremely strong acidic compound (based on its pKa).
Isethionate has been primarily detected in urine.
Within the cell, Isethionate is primarily located in the cytoplasm.

Isethionate is an alkanesulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is directly linked to a 2-hydroxyethyl group.
Isethionate has a role as a human metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of an isethionate.
Isethionate a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.

Isethionates are esters of long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids (C8 – C18) with isethionic acid (2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid) or salts thereof, such as ammonium isethionate or sodium isethionate.
They are also referred to as acyl isethionates or acyloxyethanesulfonates.
Isethionate refers to a type of chemical compound that contains the isethionate ion.

The isethionate ion is derived from isethionic acid, a sulfonic acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)2CH(NHSO3H)CO2H.
The corresponding isethionate ion is often written as CH3(CH2)2CH(NHSO3-)CO2-, where the negative charge is localized on the oxygen atom.
Isethionate compounds are commonly used in personal care and cosmetic products due to their mild and gentle cleansing properties.

Isethionate, for example, is a water-soluble salt derived from isethionic acid and is often used in formulations for shampoos, body washes, and other cleansing products.
The isethionate group in these compounds provides a sulfate-free alternative for cleansing, which can be milder on the skin and hair compared to traditional sulfate-based surfactants.
Isethionates are known for their ability to produce a creamy lather and effective cleansing while being less harsh, making them suitable for individuals with sensitive skin.

Isethionate is discovery is generally attributed to Heinrich Gustav Magnus, who prepared it by the action of solid sulfur trioxide on ethanol in 1833.
Like the taurides, isethionates are a class of particularly mild anionic surfactants which, unlike ordinary soaps, retain their washing-active properties even in hard water.

Isethionates are obtained on an industrial scale reacting mixtures of carboxylic acids with salts of isethionic acid under acidic catalysis e. g. with methanesulfonic acid.
The mixtures of carboxylic acids are obtained from the hydrolysis of animal fats (tallow) or vegetable oils, preferably coconut oil, but also palm oil, soybean oil or castor oil.

Isethionate is known for its mild and gentle cleansing properties.
Isethionate is a chemical compound commonly used in the formulation of personal care and cosmetic products, especially in skincare, haircare, and bath products.
Isethionate is used as a cleansing agent in many skincare, haircare, cleaning products.

Isethionate effectively removes dirt, oils, and impurities from the skin and hair without causing excessive dryness or irritation, making it suitable for sensitive skin types.
Isethionate has the ability to create a rich and stable lather in products like shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers, enhancing the overall user experience.
Isethionate is considered to be biodegradable, which means it can break down in the environment over time, making it a more environmentally friendly choice compared to some other surfactants.

Isethionate is derived from coconut oil, which is a natural source, and this can be an appealing feature for consumers looking for more natural or plant-based ingredients in their personal care products.
Isethionate is less likely to cause skin and eye irritation compared to harsher surfactants, which makes it a preferred choice for products intended for sensitive skin or for use on the face.
Isethionate is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, making it suitable for use in various product formulations.

Isethionate can be used in various types of personal care products, including shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers, bar soaps, solid shampoo bars, baby care products, and more.
Isethionate is often used in solid formulations like shampoo bars and soap bars, contributing to their stability and effectiveness.
In addition to its cleansing abilities, Isethionate can also act as an emulsifier, helping to mix and stabilize oil and water-based ingredients in products.

Many manufacturers prioritize responsibly sourced ingredients, and Isethionate can be sourced sustainably, aligning with environmentally conscious practices.
Isethionates are solids which are often mixed with fatty acids (up to 30% by weight) to lower their freezing point.
Despite its low water solubility (100ppm at 25 °C), the lower-priced Isethionate has found more widespread use than its well water-soluble ammonium salt (> 25 wt.% at 25 °C).

To solubilize the sparsely soluble isethionates and taurides, the formation of mixtures with amphoteric surfactants (such as cocamidopropyl betaine) are proposed.
From such mixtures, Isethionate is possible to prepare liquid, clear and transparent aqueous concentrates which are liquid at room temperature.
Isethionates are characterized by excellent skin compatibility, excellent foaming (even in hard water), good cleansing properties and a pleasant skin feel.

They are non-toxic and readily biodegradable.[citation needed] However, in contrast to the taurides, they are not long-term stable outside a pH range of 5 to 8.
Isethionates are used in solid soaps (so-called syndet bars) and in other personal care products such as lotions, washing and shower gels, shampoos, liquid soaps, shaving creams, and other cosmetic and dermatological preparations.
Isethionate is a mild surfactant specifically designed for use in personal cleansing products.

Isethionate is nearly salt-free and resistant to hard and salt water with high foaming properties.
Isethionate is compatible with soap and gives excellent lime-soap dispersibility in order to retard the formation of scum in bar soaps.
Isethionate is a fine, white powder, soluble in soft or hard water at all pHs.

Isethionate is stable in formulations at near-neutral pH and room temperature for extended periods of time but will gradually hydrolyze at elevated temperatures.
Isethionate is naturally derived from coconut and is considered ‘readily biodegradable’ according to OECD Guidelines.
Isethionate is considered a mild surfactant and is often used in soap bars, shampoos, and bubble baths and provides a dense, creamy lather.

Isethionate Raw Material is a surfactant made up of Isethionic Acid, a form of sulphonic acid, and the fatty acid – or sodium salt ester – produced from Coconut Oil.
Isethionate’s commonly referred to as Baby Foam because of its outstanding mildness.
Isethionate has long been used as a substitute for sodium salts obtained from animals, such as sheep and cattle.

Isethionate is a new generation surfactant that is salt and sulfate free, has excellent detergency, and is used as a gentle cleansing agent in several applications in hair and skin care like shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers.
Isethionate is a high foaming product that when used will provide dense, creamy lather to formulations.
Isethionate is a mild surfactant (cleansing agent) derived from isethionic acid and coconut fatty acids.

In its raw state, Isethionate usually appears as white granular solids.
Isethionate's created by combining sodium isethionate with coconut oil fatty acids.
Isethionate has been a predominant ingredient in syndet bar formulation for more than thirty years.

Although cost effective and well recognized for good skin compatibility, Isethionate is not regularly found in liquid detergent systems due to its limited solubility in water.
The solubility of Isethionate in water is unfavorable in terms of enthalpy of solvation.
When setting up equilibrium of solubilization, there are three possible phases, and three methods have been developed to prevent Isethionate from recrystallizing in aqueous solutions.

The first focuses on tying Isethionate ions within micelles made of secondary surfactants.
Isethionates are organic compounds which aid the blending of liquids which do not ordinarily mix, most obviously oil and water.
The isethionate has both a hydrophilic (water-loving) and hydrophobic (water fearing) element and is therefore attracted to water and oil alike.

Isethionate Powder is biodegradable, non-toxic and vegan friendly.
Isethionate can be used in personal care products as a gentle surfactant, helping to mix water with oil and dirt so they can be washed away, without stripping the skin's natural barrier.

Like many coconut-derived cleansers, Isethionate also contributes to lather, producing a luxurious creamy foam that does not dry out skin.
Isethionate is ultra-mild properties make it ideal for delicate or sensitive skin, and it is often used as a plant-based alternative to animal-derived sodium salts.

Melting point: Boiling point;: 226℃ at 101.3kPa
Density: 1.344 (estimate)
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.5090 (estimate)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Methanol (Slightly), Water (Soluble)
form: Colourless Solution
pka: 1.39±0.50(Predicted)
LogP: -1.65 at 25℃ and pH2
Dissociation constant: -1.68 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 107-36-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1

The original synthesis of the Isethionate, involving the reaction of sulfur trioxide with ethanol, has largely been replaced by more advanced methods.
An alternative production method involves the hydrolysis of carbyl sulfate, which is derived from the sulfonation of ethylene.
Besides its excellent water solubility and long-lasting foam, this ingredient is an incredibly mild surfactant, making it suitable even for sensitive skin; Not to be confused with similar-sounding sodium lauryl sulfate.

Isethionate is a natural product, pH stable (from 4.5 to 8.5). and is considered to be one of the safest on the market.
Commonly used in personal care products, sodium isethionate provides mild cleansing and lathering properties.
Isethionate is a specific type of isethionate surfactant that is often used in shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.

Derived from coconut oil, Isethionate is another variant used in cleansing products.
Isethionate is used as a fine white powder that has a mild scent.
Isethionate is a type of surfactant, which means it has the ability to lower the surface tension of liquids and enhance the spreadability of products.

This makes it useful for creating foaming and cleansing properties in various personal care products.
Isethionate's high foaming capacity maintains the moisture in skin.
Isethionate is a cleansing ingredient used in skincare and haircare formulations.

Isethionates are commonly used in the formulation of syndet bars, which are synthetic detergent bars that provide an alternative to traditional soap bars.
Syndet bars are known for being less harsh on the skin.
In facial cleansers and exfoliating products, isethionates contribute to a luxurious and creamy texture while ensuring effective cleansing without causing excessive dryness.

Isethionates are water-soluble, making them suitable for use in water-based cleansing products, where they can be easily incorporated into formulations.
Isethionates typically exhibit good pH stability, allowing them to maintain their effectiveness over a range of pH levels commonly found in personal care products.
Isethionate is derived from coconut oil.

Isethionate is primarily used in soaps, cleansers, shampoos, and cleansing products due to its surfactant abilities.
Isethionate is usually used in concentrations that range between 10-25%.
There are considered to be no issues with irritation, sensitivity, or toxicity at these concentrations.

Isethionate is a gentle surfactant derived from coconut oil that is commonly used in skincare and haircare products.
Isethionate is typically derived from coconut oil, hence the "cocoyl" part of its name.
Isethionate is a sodium salt produced from coconut oil.

Isethionate is a traditional substitute for sodium salts that are derived from animals, namely sheep and cattle.
Isethionate exhibits high foaming ability, producing a stable, rich and velvety lather that does not dehydrate the skin, making it ideal for addition to water-free products as well as skin care, hair care, and bath products.

Isethionate is an anionic compound and is also known as sodium isethionate.
Isethionate is also known as ‘Baby Foam’ because it is a surfactant which is exceptionally mild.
Isethionate is a fine white powder which has a mild odour.

One of the significant advantages of isethionates is that they provide sulfate-free cleansing. Sulfate-free formulations are often preferred by individuals with sensitive skin, as they are considered gentler.
Isethionate are commonly used in various hair care products, including shampoos and conditioners.
They help in cleaning the hair without stripping it of its natural oils.

In skincare products, such as facial cleansers and body washes, isethionates contribute to a gentle and effective cleansing experience.
Many isethionate surfactants are designed to be biodegradable, making them more environmentally friendly compared to some traditional surfactants.
Isethionates are often chosen for formulations in areas with hard water, as they tend to be more compatible and produce lather even in the presence of mineral ions.

This white, powdery substance has gained popularity due to its mild, non-irritating nature, making it suitable for a variety of personal care applications.
Isethionate is a sodium salt of the coconut fatty acid ester of isethionic acid.
Isethionate is an anionic surfactant, meaning it carries a negative charge that helps to create a lather and lift dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.

Isethionate, is a gentle surfactant which adds high foaming and cleansing properties to a cosmetic formula.
Isethionates are known for their mild surfactant properties.
They produce a rich, creamy lather that helps in the effective cleansing of skin and hair without causing excessive dryness or irritation.

The structure of isethionates, particularly the sulfosuccinate group, imparts unique characteristics to these surfactants, contributing to their mildness and versatility.
Cosmetic formulators appreciate isethionates for their flexibility in formulation, allowing the creation of products that meet the growing demand for milder and more skin-friendly cleansers.
Due to the increasing awareness of ingredient safety and consumer preferences for gentler formulations, isethionates have gained popularity in the personal care industry.

Due to their mild and gentle nature, isethionates are often included in baby care products, such as baby shampoos and washes, catering to the sensitive skin of infants.
In addition to personal care products, isethionates are sometimes used as detergent alternatives in household cleaning products, providing a milder option.
Formulations for cleansing wipes often include isethionates to provide effective cleaning in a convenient and portable format.

Isethionates can be compatible with conditioning agents, allowing formulators to create products that not only cleanse but also provide a conditioning effect on hair or skin.
Some isethionate formulations may include ingredients that contribute to hydration and moisturization, enhancing the overall skincare experience.
In response to consumer preferences for ethical and natural formulations, isethionates may be derived from natural sources or included in products that emphasize sustainability.

Isethionates contribute to the stability of formulations, helping to maintain the integrity of the product over time, particularly in terms of texture and performance.
Given their water-solubility and effective cleansing properties, isethionates are commonly used in rinse-off products that can be easily washed away with water.
Isethionate Powder, often called baby foam, is a specialty anionic powder surfactant made from all vegetable, renewable resources, primarily coconut.

Isethionate is used to impart extra mildness, good after feel, and good foaming in many personal care and cleansing products.
Isethionate powder is an excellent foamer in hard or soft water.
Isethionate is a naturally-derived ingredient that comes from the fatty acids that are present in isethionic acid and coconut oil.

Isethionate is well-suited for cleansing products designed for delicate areas of the body, such as the face and intimate hygiene products, where gentle yet effective cleaning is essential.
Isethionate can help reduce the potential for skin and scalp irritation, making it a preferred choice for individuals with conditions like eczema, psoriasis, or sensitive skin.
Isethionate has good rinse-off properties, which means it can be easily and thoroughly washed away, reducing the likelihood of product residue buildup on the skin or hair.

In finished cosmetic products, Isethionate is typically used at low concentrations and is considered to have low toxicity, minimizing the risk of adverse effects when used as directed.
Isethionate contributes to the smooth and creamy texture of certain personal care products, enhancing the overall feel and application.
In some formulations, isethionates may contribute to stabilizing fragrances, ensuring that the desired scent is maintained throughout the product's shelf life.

Uses:
Isethionate is a reactant in the synthesis of 4-substituted-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenezenesulfonamides as inhibitors of carbonic anhydrases I, II, VII, XII, and XIII.
Isethionate is used as a starting material in the industrial production of taurine.
Isethionate is used in “combo bar” applications at levels of 2 – 60% to provide lathering in hard or soft water similar to soaps in soft water.

Isethionate is dense lather is additive to that of soap. Such mixtures are mild to the skin and are relatively non-drying.
Isethionate is recommended for use in bubble baths as a high-foaming agent.
Isethionate provides longer-lasting suds, even in the presence of soap, and is mild to the skin.

Isethionate's often used in shampoos to create a creamy lather that helps cleanse the hair and scalp without stripping away natural oils excessively.
This makes Isethionate suitable for daily use and for people with sensitive scalps.
Isethionates solid form makes it suitable for creating solid cleansing bars and shampoo bars, which are convenient for travel and reduce the need for liquid products.

Isethionate can be used in products designed to have a creamy and moisturizing texture, helping to create a balance between cleansing and hydration.
In makeup removers, Isethionate assists in breaking down makeup products while being gentle on the skin around the eyes and face.
Isethionate is used in shampoos to create a rich lather, cleanse the hair and scalp, and remove dirt and excess oils.

Isethionate's found in body washes and shower gels to provide a foamy lather and gentle cleansing for the skin.
Isethionate can be found in natural, organic, and sulfate-free formulations as a milder alternative to traditional sulfate-based surfactants.
In body washes and shower gels, Isethionate produces a luxurious foam that effectively cleanses the skin without leaving it dry or irritated.

Isethionate's used in facial cleansers to remove makeup, dirt, and impurities from the skin while maintaining a gentle cleansing experience.
Isethionate is commonly used in shampoos to provide gentle cleansing for the hair without stripping away natural oils excessively.
In body washes and shower gels, isethionates contribute to a creamy lather, making the cleansing experience luxurious and mild on the skin.

Isethionates are included in facial cleansers to ensure effective removal of impurities from the face without causing irritation.
Due to their mild nature, isethionates are often used in baby shampoos, washes, and other skincare products catering to the delicate skin of infants.
Isethionates are key ingredients in syndet bars, synthetic detergent bars that serve as alternatives to traditional soap bars.

These bars offer a milder cleansing experience.
Formulations for cleansing wipes may include isethionates to provide convenient and effective cleaning on the go.
In liquid hand soaps and liquid body washes, isethionates contribute to the formation of a rich lather and effective cleansing.

Isethionates may be included in certain hair conditioners, contributing to the conditioning effect while maintaining a gentle cleansing action.
In some skincare formulations, isethionates may be used to provide mild cleansing properties in cream or lotion-based products.
Isethionate is used in facial cleansers to remove makeup, dirt, and oils from the face without causing irritation.

Isethionate's included in bar soaps to enhance lathering and cleansing properties.
In cream-based cleansers, Isethionate helps to emulsify and remove makeup and impurities from the skin.
Isethionate is used in baby shampoos, body washes, and other baby care products for gentle cleaning.

Products designed for sensitive skin often contain Isethionate due to its mild and non-irritating properties.
Isethionate is used in solid shampoo bars, creating a lather and effectively cleansing the hair.
In some toothpaste formulations, Isethionate acts as a foaming agent to enhance texture and user experience.

Isethionate's often used in shaving creams and foams to create a smooth and comfortable shaving experience, reducing irritation and razor burn.
Due to its mild nature, Isethionate's used in products for individuals with sensitive or easily irritated scalps, such as dandruff shampoos and scalp treatments.
Products formulated for individuals with sensitive skin often include isethionates as they are considered gentler compared to some traditional surfactants.

Hand wash formulations may include isethionates to provide effective cleansing while being mild on the hands.
Isethionates contribute to the formulation of bubble baths, creating a foamy and enjoyable bathing experience.
Some intimate hygiene products may include isethionates to provide a mild and gentle cleansing experience for sensitive areas.

In makeup remover formulations, isethionates can help in effectively removing makeup without causing irritation to the skin.
As consumer preferences shift towards ethical and natural products, isethionates may be included in formulations that emphasize sustainability and gentleness.
Isethionate can be used alone or with other surfactants.

Heating is not necessary, but Isethionate dissolves quite poorly in water.
Therefore, in most cases you can only use about 3-6% in your shampoo
In exfoliating cleansers, isethionates may be incorporated to provide both cleansing and exfoliation benefits, helping to remove dead skin cells gently.

Isethionates are utilized in anti-dandruff shampoos for their ability to cleanse the scalp effectively while being mild and gentle.
Some hair masks or treatments may include isethionates to offer a combination of deep conditioning and mild cleansing.
In certain sunscreen formulations, isethionates may be included to provide a mild cleansing component, especially in products designed for water resistance.

Isethionates contribute to the formulation of creamy and luxurious cleansing foams, providing an indulgent cleansing experience.
Due to their sulfate-free nature, isethionates are commonly used in formulations for sulfate-free or low-sulfate products, meeting the demand for milder alternatives.
Isethionates are often included in pH-balanced products to maintain the acidity level suitable for the skin and hair, preventing over-drying.

Compact and effective, isethionate-containing products are often found in travel-sized packaging, offering convenience for on-the-go cleansing.
In certain hand sanitizers, isethionates may be added to provide mild cleansing properties along with the antimicrobial effects of the sanitizer.
Isethionates can be used in the formulation of foaming bath oils, contributing to a luxurious bath experience while cleansing and moisturizing the skin.

Formulations for refreshing body washes may include isethionates to provide an invigorating and cleansing sensation during use.
Some pet shampoos use isethionates to provide a gentle and effective cleansing experience for the fur and skin of pets.
In leave-in hair products like detanglers or conditioning sprays, isethionates may be included for their mild cleansing properties.

Foaming hand cleansers, designed for quick and convenient hand cleansing, may contain isethionates for their foaming and mild cleansing capabilities.
Isethionate can contribute to the formulation of gentle exfoliating products that help remove dead skin cells without being overly abrasive.
Some pre-shave products, such as foams or gels, may incorporate isethionates to provide a mild and lubricating base for smoother shaving.

Isethionates may be used in cleansing conditioners, offering a dual-action product that cleanses the hair while providing conditioning benefits.
In oil-based cleansers, isethionates can be included to enhance the cleansing properties and facilitate the removal of makeup and impurities.
Foaming facial cleansers often contain isethionates to provide a lightweight and airy foam, ensuring effective yet gentle cleansing.

Formulations for shower foams may include isethionates to create a refreshing and invigorating cleansing experience.
In products designed to remove hair color, isethionates can aid in the gentle removal of color without causing excessive damage to the hair.
Isethionates may be included in clarifying shampoos to effectively remove product buildup and impurities without stripping the hair.

In body scrubs, isethionates can be used to create formulations that exfoliate the skin gently, leaving it smooth and refreshed.
Foaming hand wash formulations may utilize isethionates for their foaming properties and mild cleansing capabilities.
Some waterless cleansing products, such as cleansing wipes or foams, may contain isethionates for effective on-the-go cleansing.

Products designed to clean makeup brushes may include isethionates for their ability to remove makeup residues gently.
In scalp treatments or tonics, isethionates can contribute to formulations that refresh the scalp without causing irritation.
Products that undergo dermatological testing for sensitivity and mildness may include isethionates in their formulations.

Isethionates can be used in the formulation of cleansing balms, providing a gentle and effective way to remove makeup and impurities.
More is possible (up to about 15%), but then the end result is opaque.
In solutions it is recommended to use Isethionate around a neutral pH of 6-8. Incidentally, the pH of a solution of Isethionate can be somewhat lower, it is recommended to increase it by adding sodium bicarbonate, for example.

Safety profile:
Avoid contact with eyes, as isethionates can cause eye irritation.
In case of eye contact, rinse thoroughly with water.
If irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Isethionate is generally mild, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to it.
Patch testing should be performed when formulating products, especially for individuals with known skin sensitivities.
Isethionate is considered to be more biodegradable compared to some other surfactants, its impact on the environment can still vary depending on factors such as formulation, usage, and disposal.

Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to certain ingredients, including isethionates.
If skin irritation or rash occurs, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.
While personal care products are typically used in well-ventilated areas, prolonged and direct inhalation of concentrated vapors or mists should be avoided.

Personal care products are not meant to be ingested.
Ingesting these products, even in small amounts, can be harmful.
If ingested, seek medical attention immediately.

While isethionates are considered biodegradable, Isethionate's essential to follow proper disposal guidelines for personal care products to minimize environmental impact.
The safety of a product depends on its overall formulation and the specific concentrations of each ingredient.
Always follow usage instructions provided by the manufacturer.

Some ingredients may interact with isethionates, affecting their stability or performance.
Formulators should consider the compatibility of isethionates with other ingredients in a formulation.

Synonyms:
ISETHIONIC ACID
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid
107-36-8
2-Hydroxyethanesulphonic acid
2-Hydroxyethane-1-sulfonic acid
Hydroxyethylsulfonic acid
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-
Ethanolsulfonic acid
Isethionate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate
Caswell No. 502
(2-Hydroxyethyl)sulfonic acid
Kyselina isethionova
USAF DO-14
Kyselina isethionova [Czech]
2-hydroxyethylsulfonic acid
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 047701
BRN 1751214
Kyselina 2-hydroxyethansulfonova [Czech]
AI3-19644
Potassium isethionate
NSC-60516
97J3QN9884
2-hydroxyethane-1-sulfonate
NSC1898
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid(80% in water)
EINECS 203-484-3
NSC 60516
Ethanolsulfonate
Kyselina 2-hydroxyethansulfonova
UNII-97J3QN9884
8X3
Hydroxyethylsulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulphonate
(2-Hydroxyethyl)sulfonate
SCHEMBL827
WLN: WSQ2Q
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonicacid
bmse000242
bmse000819
2-oxidanylethanesulfonic acid
ISETHIONIC ACID [MI]
4-04-00-00084 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
beta-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid
CHEBI:1157
DTXSID1041427
SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N
HY-Y0095
NSC60516
AC-538
MFCD00242599
AKOS006228878
CS-W019640
21561-88-6
AS-44331
PD040603
FT-0627313
Isethionic acid pound 80% in water pound(c)
C05123
EN300-243452
A801683
Q339734
W-108750
2-HYDROXYETHANESULPHONIC ACID (80% IN WATER)

ISETHIONATE


Isethionates are esters of long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids (C8 – C18) with isethionic acid (2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid) or salts thereof, such as ammonium isethionate or sodium isethionate.
Isethionates are also referred to as acyl isethionates or acyloxyethanesulfonates.
Like the taurides, isethionates are a class of particularly mild anionic surfactants which, unlike ordinary soaps, retain their washing-active properties even in hard water.


Isethionates are obtained on an industrial scale reacting mixtures of carboxylic acids with salts of isethionic acid under acidic catalysis e. g. with methanesulfonic acid.
The mixtures of carboxylic acids are obtained from the hydrolysis of animal fats (tallow) or vegetable oils, preferably coconut oil, but also palm oil, soybean oil or castor oil.
Isethionates are solids which are often mixed with fatty acids (up to 30% by weight) to lower their freezing point.


Despite its low water solubility (100ppm at 25 °C), the lower-priced sodium cocoylisethionate has found more widespread use than its well water-soluble ammonium salt (> 25 wt.% at 25 °C).
To solubilize the sparsely soluble isethionates and taurides, the formation of mixtures with amphoteric surfactants (such as cocamidopropyl betaine) are proposed.
From such mixtures, it is possible to prepare liquid, clear and transparent aqueous concentrates which are liquid at room temperature.


Isethionates are characterized by excellent skin compatibility, excellent foaming (even in hard water), good cleansing properties and a pleasant skin feel.
Isethionates are non-toxic and readily biodegradable.
However, in contrast to the taurides, Isethionates are not long-term stable outside a pH range of 5 to 8.


name formula n Mol Wt CAS Number EC Number
Sodium butyl isethionate C6H11NaO5S 0 218.199 61789-32-0 263-052-5
Sodium capryloyl isethionate C10H19NaO5S 2 274.307 38207-61-3
Sodium caproyl isethionate C12H23NaO5S 3 302.361 29454-06-6 249-638-3
Sodium lauroyl isethionate C14H27NaO5S 4 330.415 7381-01-3 230-949-8
Sodium palmitoyl isethionate C18H35NaO5S 6 386.523 36915-65-8 253-273-5



SODIUM BUTYL ISETHIONATE
Sodium butyl isethionate is an anionic surfactant based on natural coconut oleic acid.
Sodium butyl isethionate is a mild, high foam personal wash product.
A cleansing agent that's claimed to be so gentle on the skin that Sodium butyl isethionate hardly impacts the skin barrier.
Sodium butyl isethionate also gives a rich, creamy foam.

Sodium butyl isethionate is based on vegetable fatty acids and is readily biodegradable.
Sodium butyl isethionate is an especially important and popular ingredient in "syndet bars" (or soapless soaps).
Thanks to the unique molecular characteristic of Sodium butyl isethionate, it has defined a new dimension in the mildness of cleansing bars.
Sodium butyl isethionate is a sulphate-free, mild anionic surfactant.

Derived from the fatty acids of coconut oil and isethionic acid, Sodium butyl isethionate has a very good foaming power.
Sodium butyl isethionate is found in natural products such as solid shampoos.
Sodium butyl isethionate has high foaming power, extreme mildness, and a soft and silky skin feel.
Sodium butyl isethionat foams excellently in even hard water, convinces with it's mild scent and is also called baby foam because of Sodium butyl isethionate's gentleness.

Sodium butyl isethionate is made from natural coconut oil and is completely biodegradable.
Sodium butyl isethionate is recommended for systems where a low percentage of fatty acids is needed, e.g. shampoos, bath and shower gels and liquid soaps.
Sodium butyl isethionate is soluble in some water.
Sodium butyl isethionate is soluble in surfactants (some formulations may require some heat)

Sodium butyl isethionate derived mild anionic surfactant with excellent cleansing properties, gives luxurious foam, provides a dense, creamy lather.
Sodium butyl isethionate is an anionic surfactant which is made from fatty acid of coconut oil, and has excellent moisturizing quality and mild cleansing quality.
Sodium butyl isethionate is effective in hard water and electrolyte solutions, and compatible with soap and glycerol.
Sodium butyl isethionate can be directly prepared via dehydration–condensation of fatty acids and sodium isethionate at a high temperature.



SODIUM LAUROYL ISETHIONATE
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a sodium salt of the lauric acid ester of isethionic acid.
A unique surfactant, Sodium Lauroyl Isethionate, often known by the name "SLI," is a mild anionic surfactant, that is derived from coconut.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is stable in aqueous formulations from pH 6-8 at ambient temperature.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is used in a wide variety of skin and hair care products.

Sodium Lauroyl Isethionate (SLI) is a new generation surfactant that is salt and sulfate free, has excellent detergency, and is used as a gentle cleansing agent in several applications in hair and skin care like shampoos, body washes, facial cleansers.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is a high foaming product that when used will provide dense, creamy lather to formulations.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is naturally derived from fatty acids derived from coconut.

Sodium lauroyl isethionate is used in many products where a formulator wants a naturally derived and biodegradable profile.
This "chunk" version of Sodium lauroyl isethionate can be used in several ways - it can be melted, or easily dissolved in other base surfactants or polysorbates or glycerin.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate is used in a wide variety of products soap, bath bombs, bubble bars, shampoo and conditioner bars, and shampoo and body washes.
Sodium lauroyl isethionate has limited solubility in soft and hard water, however it can be dispersed in water.
This form of Sodium lauroyl isethionate, a chunk, does not contribute to dusting that can be seen with products in powder form.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ISETHIONATE:
Isethionates are used in solid soaps (so-called syndet bars) and in other personal care products such as lotions, washing and shower gels, shampoos, liquid soaps, shaving creams, and other cosmetic and dermatological preparations.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organic salt and an important intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and daily chemicals.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is synthesis principle is the condensation reaction between sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide to produce sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate.

CAS Number: 1562-00-1
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S
Molecular Weight: 148.11
EINECS Number: 216-343-6

Isethionic acid sodium salt is synthesized by the condensation reaction of sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is the sodium salt of isethionic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt, also known as 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, is an organosulfur compound with the molecular formula C2H5NaO4S.

The sodium salt of Isethionic acid is formed by neutralizing isethionic acid with sodium hydroxide.
The chemical structure of Isethionic acid sodium salt includes a hydroxyl group (OH) and a sulfonic acid group (SO3H).
The sodium salt form is often used in various applications, primarily in the cosmetic and personal care industry.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is commonly referred to as sodium isethionate.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is also used for the treatment of water-vapor related respiratory problems and cataracts, as well as for the prevention of renal stone formation.
This drug is made through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of taurine in reaction solution with phosphorus pentoxide.

Isethionic acid sodium salt has been shown to increase locomotor activity in rats by improving their biochemical properties.
Isethionic acid sodium salt binds to the chloride ion receptor site on the Na+/K+ ATPase, causing an inhibition of the enzyme's function.
Isethionic acid sodium salt, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H5NaO4S.

The chemical structure of isethionic acid includes a hydroxyl group (OH) and a sulfonic acid group (SO3H).
Isethionic acid sodium salts are organic compounds which aid the blending of liquids which do not ordinarily mix, most obviously oil and water.
The isethionate has both a hydrophilic (water-loving) and hydrophobic (water fearing) element and is therefore attracted to water and oil alike.

Isethionic acid sodium salt Powder is biodegradable, non-toxic and vegan friendly.
Alongside its binding potential Isethionic acid sodium salt can attract dirt from the skin and hair which can then be washed off with water.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is very gentle on the skin and scalp and suitable for all skin types including infants.

Isethionic acid sodium salt high-performance surfactant, which is equally effective in both hard and soft water, is a popular choice for addition to liquid shampoos and bar shampoos, liquid soaps and bar soaps, bath butters and bath bombs, and to shower gels, to name a few foaming products.
The odour of Isethionic acid sodium salt can vary batch to batch, our last batch had little odour, this new batch has some odour.

In tests Fragrance Oil covers any odour however weaker Essential Oils such as Grapefruit and Citrus may not entirely cover the odour of the Isethionic acid sodium salt.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a surfactant, meaning it has both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and lipophilic (oil-attracting) properties.
This makes it effective in emulsifying and removing dirt and oils from surfaces, such as skin and hair.

One of the key characteristics of Isethionic acid sodium salt is its mildness.
This makes it suitable for use in formulations intended for individuals with sensitive skin, including baby care products.
Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to the formation of a stable lather in personal care products like shampoos and body washes.

This lathering effect enhances the application and cleansing experience.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients, providing formulators with flexibility in creating diverse formulations.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is often used in the production of solid formulations such as syndet bars (synthetic detergent bars).

These bars are known for being milder than traditional soap bars.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can be used to adjust and stabilize the pH of cosmetic formulations.
Maintaining the appropriate pH is crucial for the stability and performance of many personal care products.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is generally considered biodegradable, which is a positive factor in terms of environmental impact.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is use in shampoos, sodium isethionate may be included in hair care products for its cleansing and conditioning properties.
Beyond personal care, Isethionic acid sodium salt can also be used in detergent formulations due to its surfactant characteristics.

Manufacturers need to ensure that their formulations containing Isethionic acid sodium salt comply with relevant cosmetic regulations and safety standards in the regions where the products are sold.
Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to the stability of formulations, helping to prevent changes in texture or appearance over time.
This stability is important for the shelf life of products.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as a surfactant or co-surfactant (for cleansing properties and lather) in products such as shampoos, shampoo bars, body washes, and hand soaps.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as a fine white powder that has a mild scent.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a type of surfactant, which means it has the ability to lower the surface tension of liquids and enhance the spreadability of products.

This makes it useful for creating foaming and cleansing properties in various personal care products.
Isethionic acid sodium salt's high foaming capacity maintains the moisture in skin.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a cleansing ingredient used in skincare and haircare formulations.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products, particularly in soap and detergent formulations.
Isethionic acid sodium salt functions as a surfactant, which means it helps to reduce the surface tension of liquids and allows them to spread more easily.
In skincare products, Isethionic acid sodium salt can contribute to the formation of a stable lather and enhance the cleansing properties of the product.

Isethionic acid sodium salt, short chain alkane sulfonate containing hydroxy group, is a water soluble, strongly acidic liquid used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable and high foaming anionic surfactants which provides gentle cleansing and soft skin feel.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is the trivial name for 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid which is the parent compound of sodium isethionate.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is prepared by the reaction of ethylene oxide with sodium bisulfite solution.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is the sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethane sulfonic acid (isethionic acid), it is used as a hydrophilic head group in washing-active surfactants, known as isethionates (acyloxyethanesulfonates) due to its strong polarity and resistance to multivalent ions.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is being studied as a high production volume chemical in the "High Production Volume (HPV) Chemical Challenge Program" of the US Environmental Protection Ministry EPA.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is also known as ‘Baby Foam’ because it is a surfactant which is exceptionally mild.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is a fine white powder which has a mild odour.
This white, powdery substance has gained popularity due to its mild, non-irritating nature, making it suitable for a variety of personal care applications.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a sodium salt of the coconut fatty acid ester of isethionic acid.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is an anionic surfactant, meaning it carries a negative charge that helps to create a lather and lift dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin and hair.
Isethionic acid sodium salt also known as SCI, is a gentle surfactant which adds high foaming and cleansing properties to a cosmetic formula.
Isethionic acid sodium salt typically comes in flake, noodle or powder form.

Isethionic acid sodium salt Raw Material is a surfactant that is comprised of a type of sulphonic acid called Isethionic Acid as well as the fatty acid – or sodium salt ester – obtained from Coconut Oil.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a popular substitute for animal-derived sodium salts, such as sodium tallowate, which comes from cattle and sheep.
Isethionic acid sodium salt help to lift oil and dirt from the skin allows it to be washed away.

This is why Isethionic acid sodium salt can be found in products that help to cleanse the skin and hair.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a sodium salt ester, or a fatty acid derived from coconut oil.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound containing an alkylsulfonic acid located beta to a hydroxy group.

Isethionic acid sodium salts discovery is generally attributed to Heinrich Gustav Magnus, who prepared it by the action of solid sulfur trioxide on ethanol in 1833.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a white water-soluble solid used in the manufacture of certain surfactants and in the industrial production of taurine.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is most commonly available in the form of its sodium salt (sodium isethionate).

Isethionic acid sodium salt is often used in combination with other surfactants or ingredients to achieve synergistic effects.
Formulators may combine it with other cleansing agents or conditioning agents to enhance the overall performance of a product.
Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to the foaming properties of cosmetic products.

The ability to create a rich and stable foam is desirable in many personal care applications, such as shampoos and body washes.
In emulsion formulations, where water and oil need to be stabilized, Isethionic acid sodium salt can serve as a stabilizing agent.
This helps prevent the separation of the water and oil phases in the product.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is often more compatible with hard water compared to certain other surfactants.
This property is significant in areas where hard water is prevalent.
Due to its mild nature, Isethionic acid sodium salt is commonly used in facial cleansers and skincare products.

Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to effective cleansing without causing excessive dryness.
As consumer awareness about cosmetic ingredients grows, manufacturers may highlight the presence of Isethionic acid sodium salt in their products to convey transparency about formulation choices.
With the increasing emphasis on sustainability and ethical sourcing, manufacturers may explore sustainable sources or production methods for sodium isethionate.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is typically synthesized by the reaction of ethylene oxide with sodium bisulfite.
The manufacturing process and purity of the raw materials are crucial for ensuring the quality of the final product.
Before a product containing Isethionic acid sodium salt is introduced to the market, it may undergo clinical testing to assess its safety and performance under real-world conditions.

The sensory experience of using a product, influenced by factors like fragrance, texture, and lather, plays a role in consumer acceptance.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can contribute to the overall sensory appeal of a product.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is utilized by cosmetic and personal care product manufacturers globally, contributing to its widespread presence in a variety of formulations.

Spectrum Chemical manufactures and distributes fine chemicals with quality can count on including those with CAS number 1562-00-1, Whether call it Isethionic Acid Sodium Salt, 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt or Sodium Isethionate can be assured the Isethionic Acid Sodium Salt products offered by Spectrum, meet or exceed the grade requirements or specifications for each individual product.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group.

Mammals are able to endogenously synthesize Isethionic acid sodium salt via taurine through a possible enzymatic deamination process.
Isethionic acid sodium salt via taurine through a possible enzymatic deamination process.

Isethionic acid sodium salt can be found in both human plasma and urine.
Higher plasma levels of Isethionic acid sodium salt have been shown to be protective against type 2 diabetes.

Melting point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Density: 1762.7[at 20℃]
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
form: Fine Powder
color: White
PH: 7.0-11.0 (20g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
BRN: 3633992
Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
LogP: -4.6 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 1562-00-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores 1

When used in hair care products, Isethionic acid sodium salt may work synergistically with conditioning agents to provide a balance between cleansing and conditioning.
In certain formulations, Isethionic acid sodium salt can act as a gelling agent, contributing to the texture and consistency of the product.
Isethionic acid sodium salt's versatility extends to its compatibility with various formulation types, such as liquid cleansers, solid bars, shampoos, and other personal care products.

Isethionic acid sodium salt's antistatic properties are valuable in hair care products.
Isethionic acid sodium salt helps reduce static electricity, making hair more manageable and less prone to frizz.
In addition to its role as a surfactant, Isethionic acid sodium salt can influence the texture of cosmetic products, contributing to the overall feel and viscosity of formulations.

Some dermatological products, such as medicated cleansers or acne treatments, may include Isethionic acid sodium salt for its cleansing properties while maintaining a mild formulation suitable for sensitive skin.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is generally compatible with various fragrances, allowing formulators to incorporate scents into products without compromising stability or performance.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is highly soluble in water, making it suitable for formulations where water solubility is a critical factor.

The stability of Isethionic acid sodium salt in different formulations, including liquid cleansers, solid bars, and creams, adds to its versatility as a cosmetic ingredient.
Isethionic acid sodium salt may contribute to the conditioning of hair, helping to improve its texture and manageability.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is known for its optical brightening properties, which can contribute to the visual appearance of certain formulations.

Manufacturers may provide educational information to consumers about the benefits and properties of Isethionic acid sodium salt as part of ingredient transparency initiatives.
Ongoing research in cosmetic science may lead to further discoveries regarding the properties and potential applications of Isethionic acid sodium salt.
In addition to its cleansing properties, Isethionic acid sodium salt can contribute to a pleasant skin feel in cosmetic formulations, enhancing the overall sensory experience of the product.

As consumer demand for sustainable and eco-friendly products increases, there may be ongoing efforts within the industry to explore and develop more sustainable alternatives or production methods for ingredients like sodium isethionate.
The production of Isethionic acid sodium salt involves the reaction of ethylene oxide with sodium bisulfite.
Understanding the manufacturing process is crucial for ensuring the quality and purity of the final ingredient.

Ongoing research in the cosmetic and personal care industry may lead to the exploration of alternative ingredients with similar or improved properties compared to Isethionic acid sodium salt.
As consumers become more informed about the ingredients in personal care products, there may be an increased emphasis on providing transparent information about the purpose and safety of ingredients like Isethionic acid sodium salt.
Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to the stability of formulations by preventing phase separation or changes in texture over time, enhancing the overall shelf life of the product.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is recognized by its International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) name, which is the standardized system for naming cosmetic ingredients globally.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is considered hypoallergenic, which means it is less likely to trigger allergic reactions in most individuals.
Isethionic acid sodium salt acts as a foam booster in formulations, contributing to a luxurious and satisfying lather in products like foaming cleansers.

Isethionic acid sodium salt manufacturers offer cruelty-free and vegan-friendly versions of the ingredient, catering to consumers who prioritize ethical and sustainable choices.
These fatty acids are reacted with Isethionic acid sodium salt and the mixture is heated to remove any water left behind.
In its raw form, Isethionic acid sodium salt appears as a fine white powder.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is considered more environmentally friendly compared to some other surfactants, as it can biodegrade more readily.
Isethionic acid sodium salt helps remove dirt, oils, and impurities from the skin or hair without excessively stripping away natural oils, which can help maintain skin and hair hydration.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is seen as an ingredient in a variety of soaps and cleansing products.

This powerful ingredient is common in many soaps and cleansers as it effectively washes away dirt and oil without leading to dryness or irritation.
The mixture is then heated to remove extra water as well as distilled to remove any unnecessary fatty acids.
As a surfactant, Isethionic acid sodium salt creates a wet feeling, it solubilizes oils and reduces surface tension, and can aid in foaming as well.

Formulators may need to consider the compatibility of Isethionic acid sodium salt with different packaging materials to ensure the stability and integrity of the product during storage and use.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is a water-soluble liquid used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable, and high-foaming anionic surfactants.
These surfactants provide gentle cleansing and a soft skin feel.
Isethionic acid sodium salt forms a colourless, syrupy, and strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is frequently used in the industrial production of taurine.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is widely distributed in animal species and in a few red algal species.

Isethionic acid sodium salt can be incorporated into formulations for cleansing wipes, providing a convenient and portable solution for on-the-go cleansing.
Due to its mild nature, Isethionic acid sodium salt may find applications in formulations for eye makeup removers or other products designed for the delicate eye area.
In formulations containing active ingredients like vitamins or botanical extracts, Isethionic acid sodium salt can play a role in stabilizing the overall product.

Isethionic acid sodium salt can influence the rheological properties of formulations, affecting factors such as flow, viscosity, and texture.
Isethionic acid sodium salt Manufacturers may explore combining sodium isethionate with natural or organic ingredients to create formulations that appeal to consumers seeking natural or eco-friendly options.
Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to the rinse-off characteristics of formulations, ensuring that the product is easily and completely removed from the skin or hair during rinsing.

Isethionic acid sodium salt may be used in various men's grooming products, such as facial cleansers, shampoos, and shaving products, due to its versatile cleansing properties.
Isethionic acid sodium salt's ability to help stabilize and adjust pH makes it suitable for use in products that require a specific pH balance for optimal performance.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can be used as an anionic detergent and has anti-settlement activity against Balanus amphitrite.

In certain formulations, Isethionic acid sodium salt may be included in moisturizers and lotions to contribute to the overall texture and skin feel.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients, providing formulators with flexibility in creating diverse formulations.
Isethionic acid sodium salt may be included in formulations for cleansing wipes, providing a convenient solution for on-the-go cleansing.

Isethionic acid sodium salt can act as a stabilizing agent in emulsions, preventing the separation of water and oil phases in formulations like creams and lotions.
As the beauty industry emphasizes ethical and sustainable practices, Isethionic acid sodium salt may be used in formulations aligning with these principles.
With the rise in demand for sulfate-free products, Isethionic acid sodium salt may be used as a mild, sulfate-free surfactant in various formulations.

In products like exfoliating cleansers or scrubs, Isethionic acid sodium salt may contribute to the texture and effectiveness of the product.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can be included in exfoliating products like scrubs and cleansers to help remove dead skin cells and impurities while still maintaining a gentle cleansing action.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a good sulfate-free alternative for people who want to avoid commonly known surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS).

Uses:
Isethionic acid sodium salt can be found in cosmetic products like facial cleanser creams, makeup removers, and even in some toothpaste formulations for its foaming and cleaning properties.
Sodium isethionate is often used as a surfactant in various cleansing products, including facial cleansers, body washes, and hand soaps. It helps emulsify oils and remove dirt from the skin.
Due to its surfactant properties, Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in hair care products, providing a lathering effect in shampoos and contributing to the overall cleansing performance.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is a common ingredient in syndet bars (synthetic detergent bars), which are solid bars similar to soap but formulated to be milder and less drying.
In some toothpaste formulations, Isethionic acid sodium salt is included to enhance foaming and contribute to the cleaning properties of the toothpaste.
The mild and gentle nature of Isethionic acid sodium salt makes it suitable for use in baby care products, such as baby shampoos and washes.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in facial cleansers and exfoliating scrubs to provide effective cleansing without causing excessive irritation.
Its antistatic properties make sodium isethionate beneficial in hair care products, reducing static electricity and making hair more manageable.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can be used to adjust and stabilize the pH of formulations, ensuring that the product remains within the desired pH range.

Isethionic acid sodium salt's sometimes used in pet shampoos to provide a gentle cleansing action for pets' skin and fur.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in liquid hand soaps to create a foaming action that effectively cleanses the hands without overly drying the skin.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as a surfactant-cleansing agent in cosmetic formulations.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps. It makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap. It is mild on the skin, and non-drying. It works equally well in soft or hard water.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can act as a stabilizing agent in certain formulations, contributing to the overall stability and shelf life of the product.
The hydroxyl group in Isethionic acid sodium salt can contribute to the hydrating properties of formulations, making it suitable for use in moisturizing products.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, making it a versatile component in various formulations.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is often used in baby care products, such as baby shampoos and body washes, to provide a gentle cleansing experience for delicate skin.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can be included in facial cleansers and exfoliating scrubs to help cleanse the face and remove dead skin cells, contributing to a smoother complexion.

Isethionic acid sodium salt leaves the skin with a soft afterfeel, which is why it is sometimes referred to as "baby foam".
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an ingredient derived from coconut oil.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Isethionic acid sodium salt is used primarily in the preparation of bath soaps and cleansing products.

This ingredient is also used in the formulation of shampoos, tonics, dressings, other hair grooming aids and skin cleansing preparations.
Isethionic acid sodium salts gentle properties make it suitable for use in baby shampoos, body washes, and bath products.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is sometimes used in combination with other surfactants to achieve specific performance characteristics.

Isethionic acid sodium salt makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is mild on the skin, and non-drying.
Isethionic acid sodium salt works equally well in soft or hard water.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.
Isethionic acid sodium salt works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).
Isethionic acid sodium salt increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as a key raw material in the manufacturing of Igepon type surfactants which are ethanesulfonated detergent bars.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers and textile treatment products and dyes.

Release to the environment of Isethionic acid sodium salt can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in the following products: metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, pharmaceuticals, polymers and textile treatment products and dyes.
Isethionic acid sodium salt has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Isethionic acid sodium salt is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur and metals.
Release to the environment of Isethionic acid sodium salt can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt can also be used as the intermediate of shampoo, paste shampoo & detergent in daily chemical industry.

Sodium isethionate can be found in various men's grooming products, including facial cleansers, shampoos, and shaving creams, contributing to the overall cleansing and foaming properties.
Due to its mild nature, Isethionic acid sodium salt may be used in dermatological products, such as medicated cleansers or formulations designed for sensitive skin conditions.
In addition to its role in shampoos, Isethionic acid sodium salt may be included in hair conditioners to contribute to the conditioning and detangling properties of the product.

Isethionic acid sodium salt is solubility in water and contribution to the rinsing properties make sodium isethionate suitable for use in various rinsing products, ensuring easy removal from the skin or hair.
Some hair styling products, such as mousses or styling creams, may contain Isethionic acid sodium salt to provide a combination of styling and cleansing effects.
Isethionic acid sodium salt's role in adjusting and stabilizing pH makes it valuable in skincare formulations, contributing to the overall balance of the product.

Beyond cleansing, Isethionic acid sodium salt can contribute to the creamy and luxurious texture of certain cosmetic products, enhancing the user experience.
In formulations where antimicrobial properties are desired, Isethionic acid sodium salt may be incorporated into cleansers to enhance the overall effectiveness.
Manufacturers may combine Isethionic acid sodium salt with natural or organic ingredients to create formulations that appeal to consumers seeking natural or eco-friendly options.

Before a product containing Isethionic acid sodium salt is introduced to the market, it may undergo clinical testing to assess its safety and performance under real-world conditions.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as the pharmaceutical raw materials, the intermediate of fine chemical products.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a surfactant, so it is frequently used in cleansing products such as facial cleansers, body washes, and hand soaps.

Isethionic acid sodium salt helps in emulsifying oils and removing dirt from the skin.
Due to its mild cleansing properties, Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in hair care products, including shampoos and conditioners.
Isethionic acid sodium salt contributes to the formation of a rich lather and aids in cleaning the hair and scalp.

Isethionic acid sodium salt works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).
Isethionic acid sodium salt is generally compatible with various fragrances, allowing formulators to incorporate scents into products without compromising stability or performance.
Some manufacturers may prioritize ethically sourced ingredients, and efforts may be made to ensure that Isethionic acid sodium salt is produced and sourced responsibly.

Ongoing innovation in the cosmetic industry may lead to the development of new products or formulations that leverage the unique properties of sodium isethionate.
Isethionic acid sodium salt may be included in certain sunscreen formulations, contributing to the overall texture and spreadability of the product.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is biodegradability and potential for use in sulfate-free formulations align with the industry's increasing focus on environmentally friendly and sustainable practices.

Isethionic acid sodium salt increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.

Safety Profile:
While Isethionic acid sodium salt is known for its mildness, individuals with hypersensitive or allergic skin may still experience irritation.
Isethionic acid sodium salt's recommended to perform a patch test before widespread use, especially for products intended for sensitive areas like the face.
Care should be taken to avoid contact with the eyes, as surfactants, including Isethionic acid sodium salt, can cause irritation.

In case of contact, thorough rinsing with water is advisable.
Although uncommon, some individuals may be allergic or sensitive to specific ingredients, including those in formulations containing Isethionic acid sodium salt.
If irritation or an allergic reaction occurs, usage should be discontinued, and a healthcare professional may be consulted.

Isethionic acid sodium salt's advisable to conduct patch tests before widespread use, especially in products intended for sensitive areas like the face.
Products containing Isethionic acid sodium salt should comply with relevant regulatory guidelines and standards established by health authorities in different regions.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is known for its mildness, but like any cosmetic ingredient, it has the potential to cause irritation in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin.

Synonyms:
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
1562-00-1
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt
DTXSID7027413
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
3R36J71C17
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate; Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate; Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
HSDB 5838
NSC-124283
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
C2H5NaO4S
EINECS 216-343-6
MFCD00007534
NSC 124283
sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
UNII-3R36J71C17
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate
EC 216-343-6
sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Isethionic acid, sodium salt
SCHEMBL125497
CHEMBL172191
DTXCID007413
ISETHIONATE, SODIUM SALT
Sodium 2-Hydroxy-Ethanesulfonate
SODIUM ISETHIONATE [HSDB]
SODIUM ISETHIONATE [INCI]
LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Isethionic acid sodium salt, 98%
HY-Y1173
2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid; sodium
Tox21_200227
AKOS015912506
NCGC00257781-01
CAS-1562-00-1
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
CS-0017163
FT-0627314
H0241
A809723
J-009283
Q1969744
F1905-7166

Isethionic acid sodium salt is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is mild on the skin, and non-drying.


CAS Number: 1562-00-1
EC Number: 216-343-6
MDL number: MFCD00007534
IUPAC Name: sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Linear Formula: HOCH2CH2SO3Na
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S


Isethionic acid sodium salt is an endogenous metabolite.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.
Isethionic acid sodium salt makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is mild on the skin, and non-drying.
Isethionic acid sodium salt works equally well in soft or hard water.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is soluble in water.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organic salt and an important intermediate of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and daily chemicals.


Isethionic acid sodium salt's synthesis principle is the condensation reaction between sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide to produce sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an endogenous metabolite.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is a white water-soluble solid used in the manufacture of certain surfactants and in the industrial production of taurine.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is most commonly available in the form of its sodium salt (sodium isethionate).
Isethionic acid sodium salt is colorless acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is non flammable.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a short chain alkane sulfonate containing hydroxy group, is a water soluble liquid used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable and high foaming anionic surfactants which provides gentle cleansing and soft skin feel.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group.
Mammals are able to endogenously synthesize Isethionic acid sodium salt via taurine through a possible enzymatic deamination process.


Isethionic acid sodium salt can be found in both human plasma and urine.
Higher plasma levels of Isethionic acid sodium salt have been shown to be protective against type 2 diabetes.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a white crystalline powder.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as surfactant intermediates, daily chemical and pharmaceutical intermediates, etc
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used Soap for washing powder
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used Manufacture of mild, biodegradeble and high foaming anionic surfactants


Isethionic acid sodium salt is used raw material in manufacturing of lgepon type surfanctancts.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.
Isethionic acid sodium salt makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is mild on the skin, and non-drying.
Isethionic acid sodium salt works equally well in soft or hard water.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is also an anti-static agent in shampoos.


Isethionic acid sodium salt works as an amphoteric detergent and can also be used as an intermediate in preparing surfactants derived from fatty acid sulfoalkyl esters (acyloxy ethane sulfonate).
Isethionic acid sodium salt increases the formulation's stability, improves the detergency in hard water, and is smooth to the skin.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used as a Raw material for surfactant / Texture modifier / Raw material for organic synthetic / Additive for quasi-drug.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an amphoteric detergent used in detergent bar soaps.


Isethionic acid sodium salt makes a dense lather in addition to the lather made by the soap.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used for wetting coal dust and as a sulfoethylating agent in organic synthesis.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is used in cleaning/washing agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, surface-active agents, shampoos, and bubble baths.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is a useful research chemical.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a short chain alkane sulfonate containing hydroxy group, is a water soluble liquid used in the manufacture of mild, biodegradable and high foaming anionic surfactants which provides gentle cleansing and soft skin feel.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a drug that is used to treat metabolic disorders such as cystinuria and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is also used for the treatment of water-vapor related respiratory problems and cataracts, as well as for the prevention of renal stone formation.


Isethionic acid sodium salt is made through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of taurine in reaction solution with phosphorus pentoxide.
Isethionic acid sodium salt binds to the chloride ion receptor site on the Na+/K+ ATPase, causing an inhibition of the enzyme's function.


Isethionic acid sodium salt for synthesis is a high-quality product widely used in various industries.
Known for its superior quality and excellent performance, Isethionic acid sodium salt is extensively used in the production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals for its exceptional properties and wide range of applications.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
Isethionic acid sodium salt is a colorless, syrupy, strongly acidic liquid that can form detergents with oleic acid.
Isethionic acid sodium salt is an organic salt and an important intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and daily chemicals.



PREPARATION OF ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
Isethionic acid sodium salt is synthesized by the condensation reaction of sodium bisulfite and ethylene oxide.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
CAS Number: 1562-00-1
Molecular Weight: 148.11
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S
Appearance :Powder
Physical State :Solid
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :191-194° C (lit.)
Density : 1.76 g/cm3 at 20° C
CAS: 1562-00-1
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 148.108
MDL Number: MFCD00007534
InChI Key: LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Melting Point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: N/A
Flash Point: N/A
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S
Molecular Weight: 148.113
Density: 1.625g/cm3
Molecular Weight: 148.12 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 147.98062409 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass: 147.98062409 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 85.8Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 122
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Weight: 148.11
Appearance: Solid
Formula: C2H5NaO4S
CAS No.: 1562-00-1
SMILES: OCCS(=O)(O[Na])=O
Shipping: Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage: Powder -20°C 3 years, 4°C 2 years
In solvent: -80°C 6 months, -20°C 1 month
CAS: 1562-00-1
MF: C2H5NaO4S
MW: 148.11
EINECS: 216-343-6
Melting point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Usage: Cosmetic Raw Materials

Purity: 98%
storage temp: Store below +30°C.
Appearance: White powder or liquid
Appearance Form: crystalline
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 191 - 194 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Density: 1,76 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility 534 g/l at 20 °C - soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Surface tension 69,9 mN/m at 20 °C
Cat. No. : CS-0017163
CAS No. : 1562-00-1
MDL. : MFCD00007534
Formula: C2H5NaO4S
M. Wt. : 148,11
Solubility: H2O : 100 mg/mL (675.17 mM; Need ultrasonic)
SMILES : OCCS(=O)(O[Na])=O
Melting point: 191-194 °C(lit.)
Density: 1762.7[at 20℃]
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
form: Fine Powder
color: White
PH: 7.0-11.0 (20g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
BRN: 3633992

Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
LogP: -4.6 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 1562-00-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: 3R36J71C17
EPA Substance Registry System: Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt (1562-00-1)
Molecular Weight： 148.11
Exact Mass： 147.980621
BRN： 3633992
EC Number： 216-343-6
UNII： 3R36J71C17
DSSTox ID： DTXSID7027413
HScode： 29055910
PSA： 85.8
XLogP3： -0.39530
Appearance： White Fine Powder
Density： 1.625g/cm3

Melting Point： 192-194 °C
Water Solubility： H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless
Storage Conditions： Store below +30°C.
Synonyms: sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
IUPAC Name: sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Molecular Weight: 148.11
Molecular Formula: C2H5NaO4S
Canonical SMILES: C(CS(=O)(=O)[O-])O.[Na+]
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H6O4S.Na/c3-1-2-7(4,5)6;/h3H,1-2H2,(H,4,5,6);/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey: LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Melting Point: 191-194 ℃
Purity: 95 %
Density: 1.625 g/cm3
Solubility: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Appearance: Solid
Storage: Store in a tightly closed container.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Assay: 0.99
EINECS: 216-343-6
Log P: -0.39530
MDL: MFCD00007534
Stability: Stable.



FIRST AID MEASURES of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P1
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
hygroscopic
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13: Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, sodium isethionate
isethionic acid sodium salt
2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-
monosodium salt, sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt (SHES)
EINECS 216-343-6
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
Sodiumhydroxyethylsulfonate
2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfo
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
MFCD00007534
Sodium isethionate
WSQ2Q &&Na salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Sodium β-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Hydroxyethylsulfonic Acid Sodium Salt
Isethionic Acid,Sodium Salt
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt
sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulphonic acid, sodium salt
Isethionic acid sodium salt
ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate
EHS(Hydroxyl vinyl sulfonate, sodium salt)
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
1562-00-1
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt
DTXSID7027413
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
3R36J71C17
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
HSDB 5838
NSC-124283
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
C2H5NaO4S
EINECS 216-343-6
MFCD00007534
NSC 124283
sodium;2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
UNII-3R36J71C17
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate
EC 216-343-6
sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Isethionic acid, sodium salt
SCHEMBL125497
CHEMBL172191
DTXCID007413
ISETHIONATE, SODIUM SALT
Sodium 2-Hydroxy-Ethanesulfonate
SODIUM ISETHIONATE [HSDB]
SODIUM ISETHIONATE [INCI]
LADXKQRVAFSPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Isethionic acid sodium salt, 98%
HY-Y1173
2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid; sodium
Tox21_200227
AKOS015912506
NCGC00257781-01
CAS-1562-00-1
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
CS-0017163
FT-0627314
H0241
A809723
J-009283
Q1969744
F1905-7166
sodium2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
sodiumbeta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Ethanesulfonicacid,2-hydroxy-,monosodiumsalt
sodium2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethansulfonsure, Na-Salz
Hydroxyl vinyl sulfonate , sodium salt
2-Hydroxyethane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt
Isethionic acid, sodium salt,98%
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic Acid
Sodium Salt Isethionic Acid
Sodium Salt Sodium 2-Hydroxyethanesulfonate
SodiuM Isethionate (SI)
SodiuM isethionate (SHES)
Isethionic acid sodiuM salt 98%
2-Hydroxyethanesulfo
SODIUM ISETHIONATE
Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate
IsethionicAcidSodiumSalt,~97%
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate
phonic acid
2-HydroxyethanesuL
ISETHIONIC ACID SODIUM
2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Sodiumhydroxyethylsulfonate
2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONIC ACID
SODIUM 2-HYDROXYETHANESULFONATE
HYDROXYETHYLSULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
Sodium isethionate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
Sodium isethionate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium β-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Adeka Tec HES
Sodium hydroxyethanesulfonate
Hostapon SI
Isethionic acid sodium
MW 148
Ethanesulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-,sodium salt (1:1)
Ethanesulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-,monosodium salt
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-,sodium salt
Sodium isethionate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium β-hydroxyethanesulfonate
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Adeka Tec HES
Sodium hydroxyethanesulfonate
Hostapon SI
Isethionic acid sodium
MW 148
52117-27-8
78858-24-9
2-Hydroxyethanesulfonic acid sodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium beta-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethane-1-sulfonate
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:1)
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate
Sodium hydroxyethylsulfonate
Sodium Isethionate
Isethionic acid sodium salt
Sodium 1-hydroxy-2-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonate
Sodium 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate

Isoadipate is a dry and light oil with low viscosity and provides a pleasant soft and non-greasy skin feel.
Isoadipate is perfectly suited for alcohol-water systems and reduces the dryness of alcohol-based formulations.
Isoadipate is a fatty acid ester and an isopropyl ester.

CAS: 6938-94-9
MF: C12H22O4
MW: 230.3
EINECS: 230-072-0

Synonyms
beta dia;betadia;Ceraphyl 230;ceraphyl230;Crodamol da;crodamolda;Diisopropyl hexanedioate;hexanedioicaciddiisopropylester;DIISOPROPYL ADIPATE;6938-94-9;Isopropyl adipate;Adipic acid diisopropyl ester;Ceraphyl 230;Adipic acid, diisopropyl ester;Prodipate;Crodamol DA;Standamul DIPA;Hexanedioic acid, bis(1-methylethyl) ester;Wickenol 116;beta dia;dipropan-2-yl hexanedioate;Schercemol DIA;Tegester 504-D;Iso-adipate 2/043700;1,6-bis(propan-2-yl) hexanedioate;NSC 56587;Bis(1-methylethyl)hexanedioate;bis(1-methylethyl) hexanedioate;MFCD00026391;P7E6YFV72X;DTXSID5027641;CHEBI:34711;Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-bis(1-methylethyl) ester;NSC-56587;Diisopropyl adipat;DISOPROPYL ADIPATE;EINECS 230-072-0;UNII-P7E6YFV72X;BRN 1785346;Diisopropyl adipat [IUPAC];AI3-06066;Diisopropyl ester;Unimate DIPA;.beta. dia;di-isopropyl adipate;Di-iso-propyl adipate;Diisopropyl hexanedioate #;EC 230-072-0;SCHEMBL15391;BIDD:ER0603;DTXCID507641;CERAPHYL 230 [VANDF];CHEMBL3184058;DIISOPROPYL ADIPATE [II];FEMA NO. 4474;WLN: 1Y1&OV4VOY1&1;NSC56587;Tox21_200462;LMFA07010790;STL453777;AKOS015839638;NCGC00248634-01;NCGC00258016-01;BS-42287;DA-54445;SY053047;CAS-6938-94-9;hexanedioic acid bis-(1-methylethyl) ester;HY-134098;A0654;CS-0138054;NS00009336;E81725;W-104631;Q21705003;Z1137991589

Isoadipate is a high-quality, emollient and solvent for lipophilic actives.
Isoadipate leaves the skin smooth and silky after application.
Due to its high spreading capacity, Isoadipate is very easy to distribute.
The oiliness is low during and after application.
Isoadipate provides pleasant soft and non-greasy skin feel.
Isoadipate shows excellent compatibility with hydroalcoholic systems.
Isoadipate reduces dryness of alcohol-based formulations.
Isoadipate is usable as softener in nail polish and hair sprays.
Isoadipate displays high solubilizing capability for oil-soluble UV-filters.
Isoadipate is particularly suitable for soft skin care products.
Isoadipate complies with China.
Isoadipate is a dry and light oil with low viscosity and provides a pleasant soft and non-greasy skin feel.
Isoadipate is perfectly suited for alcohol-water systems and reduces the dryness of alcohol-based formulations.

IsoadipateChemical Properties
Melting point: -1°C(lit.)
Boiling point: 120 °C
Density: 0,97 g/cm3
Vapor pressure: 0.26-5.946Pa at 20-25℃
FEMA: 4474 | DIISOPROPYL ADIPATE
Refractive index: 1.4220-1.4250
Fp: 124 °C
Storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
Solubility: 1000g/L in organic solvents at 20 ℃
Form: clear liquid
pka: 0[at 20 ℃]
Specific Gravity: 0.963～0.970 (20/4℃)
Color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Odor: at 100.00 %. mild estery fatty sour
Odor Type: estery
Water Solubility: 180-500mg/L at 25-26℃
JECFA Number: 1966
LogP: 3.389 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6938-94-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Isoadipate(6938-94-9)
EPA Substance Registry System: Isoadipate (6938-94-9)

BANANA OIL; ISOAMYL ACETATE, N° CAS : 123-92-2. Nom INCI : ISOAMYL ACETATE. Nom chimique : Isopentyl acetate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-662-3. Noms français : 3-METHYL-1-BUTYL ACETATE; 3-METHYLBUTYL ACETATE; 3-METHYLBUTYL ETHANOATE; ACETATE D'ISOAMYLE; ACETATE D'ISOPENTYLE; ACETATE DE METHYL-3 BUTYLE; ACETIC ACID 3-METHYLBUTYL ESTER ;Acétate d'isoamyle. Noms anglais : ACETIC ACID ISOAMYL ESTER; ACETIC ACID ISOPENTYL ESTER; BANANA OIL; Isoamyl acetate; ISOAMYL ACETIC ESTER; ISOAMYL ETHANOATE ISOPENTYL ACETATE; ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL, ACETATE; Pentyl acetate, all isomers [123-92-2]. Utilisation : L'acétate d'isoamyle a beaucoup d'applications industrielles, notamment : comme saveur artificielle de poire ou de banane dans les aliments, dans les produits pour masquer les odeurs, comme test qualitatif pour les appareils respiratoires (test de l'huile de banane) en tant que solvant pour des vernis et des laques, dans les vernis à ongles, dans les films photographiques

ISOAMYL ALLYLGLYCOLATE, N° CAS : 67634-00-8. Nom INCI : ISOAMYL ALLYLGLYCOLATE. Nom chimique : Acetic Acid, (3-Methylbutoxy), 2-Propenyl Ester, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 266-803-5 Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit. Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

ISOAMYL BUTYRATE, N° CAS : 106-27-4, Nom INCI : ISOAMYL BUTYRATE. Nom chimique : 3-Methylbutyl Butanoate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-380-8. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

ISOAMYL CINNAMATE, N° CAS : 7779-65-9. Nom INCI : ISOAMYL CINNAMATE, Nom chimique : 2-Propenoic Acid, 3-Phenyl-, 3-Methylbutyl Ester. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 231-931-2. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit

ISOAMYL LAURATE, N° CAS : 6309-51-9, Nom INCI : ISOAMYL LAURATE. Nom chimique : Isopentyl laurate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 228-626-1. Classification : Huile estérifiée. Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISOAMYL P-METHOXYCINNAMATE, N° CAS : 71617-10-2. Origine(s) : Synthétique. Nom INCI : ISOAMYL P-METHOXYCINNAMATE. Nom chimique : Isopentyl p-methoxycinnamate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 275-702-5. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Absorbant UV : Protège le produit cosmétique contre les effets de la lumière UV. Filtre UV : Permet de filtrer certains rayons UV afin de protéger la peau ou les cheveux des effets nocifs de ces rayons.

Isoamyl phenylacetate, also known as isopentyl phenylacetate or isoamyl phenyl acetate, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H16O2.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is one of the volatile compounds found in apple pomace.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is often used in the fragrance and flavor industry due to its pleasant, fruity, and sweet aroma.

CAS Number: 102-19-2
Molecular Formula: C13H18O2
Molecular Weight: 206.28
EINECS Number: 203-012-6

Isoamyl phenylacetate, 102-19-2, Isopentyl phenylacetate, Isopentyl 2-phenylacetate, Benzeneacetic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester, 3-Methylbutyl phenylacetate, 3-methylbutyl 2-phenylacetate, Phenylacetic acid isoamyl ester, Phenylacetic acid, isopentyl ester, Isopentylphenylacetate, Isoamyl alpha-toluate, ACETIC ACID, PHENYL-, ISOPENTYL ESTER, 3-Methylbutyl benzeneacetate, FEMA No. 2081, NSC 60582, Isopentyl alcohol, phenylacetate, E5RHQ50DDC, NSC-60582, Phenylacetic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester, isoamyl phenyl acetate, EINECS 203-012-6, UNII-E5RHQ50DDC, BRN 1951778, AI3-36555, iso-Amyl phenylacetate, SCHEMBL996081, WLN: 1Y12OV1R, DTXSID2044501, FEMA 2081, CHEBI:191542, QWBQBUWZZBUFHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N, NSC60582, ISOAMYL PHENYLACETATE [FHFI], ISOAMYL PHENYL ACETATE [FCC], MFCD00026517, phenylacetic acid 3-methylbutyl ester, AKOS015890643, AS-75676, FT-0653077, P0123, D91902, W-108882, Q27276901, InChI=1/C13H18O2/c1-11(2)8-9-15-13(14)10-12-6-4-3-5-7-12/h3-7,11H,8-10H2,1-2H.

Isoamyl phenylacetate has a sweet, pleasant odor reminiscent of cocoa with a slight birch-tar undertone.
May be prepared by esterification of phenylacetic acid with isoamyl alcohol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid; by heating benzyl nitrile and isoamyl alcohol in the presence of excess concentrated H2S04.
Isoamyl phenylacetate provides a fruity, banana-like scent with floral undertones.

Isoamyl phenylacetate belongs to the ester group of compounds and is derived from the reaction between isoamyl alcohol (also known as isopentyl alcohol) and phenylacetic acid.
Isoamyl phenylacetate, a phenethyl alcohol derivative, is commonly used as a flavor additive in tobacco.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is one of the volatile compounds found in apple pomace.

Isoamyl phenylacetate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzene and substituted derivatives.
These are aromatic compounds containing one monocyclic ring system consisting of benzene.
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Isoamyl phenylacetate.

The structure of Isoamyl phenylacetate consists of an isoamyl group (an isomer of amyl group) and a phenylacetate group.
The isoamyl group is a five-carbon chain with a branching structure, and the phenylacetate group consists of a phenyl ring (an aromatic ring) attached to an acetate moiety.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has a sweet, pleasant odor reminiscent of cocoa with a slight birch-tar undertone.

May be prepared by esterification of phenylacetic acid with isoamyl alcohol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid; by heating benzyl nitrile and isoamyl alcohol in the presence of excess concentrated H2S04.
Isoamyl phenylacetate, a phenethyl alcohol derivative, is commonly used as a flavor additive in tobacco.

As a result, isoamyl phenylacetate is utilized in the formulation of perfumes, colognes, and various scented products.
Additionally, Isoamyl phenylacetate may be employed as a flavoring agent in the food industry, contributing to the aroma of certain food products.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has a sweet, pleasant odor reminiscent of cocoa with a slight birch-tar undertone

Isoamyl phenylacetate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzene and substituted derivatives.
These are aromatic compounds containing one monocyclic ring system consisting of benzene.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is a sweet, animal, and balsam tasting compound. 3-Methylbutyl phenylacetate is found, on average, in the highest concentration within peppermints (Mentha X piperita).

This could make Isoamyl phenylacetate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 3-Methylbutyl phenylacetate.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has a sweet, pleasant odor reminiscent of cocoa with a slight birch-tar undertone

Isoamyl phenylacetate is a chemical compound commonly used in the fragrance and flavor industry.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has a sweet, fruity, and floral aroma that resembles ripe bananas or pears.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is often used as an ingredient in perfumes, soaps, lotions, and other personal care products.

Isoamyl phenylacetate can also be utilized as a food additive to enhance the flavor of various food and beverage products.
Safety precautions should be taken when handling this compound, including the use of gloves and eye protection.
Isoamyl phenylacetate should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition or heat

Isoamyl phenylacetate is not directly found in large quantities in natural sources, some related compounds with similar aromatic characteristics are present in certain fruits.
These compounds contribute to the characteristic aroma of fruits and are often used as inspiration in the creation of synthetic fragrances.
The isoamyl group, also known as isopentyl group, is a branched alkyl group containing five carbon atoms.

The branching structure of this group contributes to the distinctive properties of isoamyl phenylacetate.
Isoamyl phenylacetate can be found in various cosmetic and personal care products, including lotions, creams, and hair care items, to add a pleasant and fruity scent to the products.
Perfumers often use Isoamyl phenylacetate in combination with other aroma compounds to create unique and complex fragrance profiles.

Isoamyl phenylacetate's fruity and floral notes make it a versatile ingredient in fragrance blends.
Fragrances, including those containing Isoamyl phenylacetate, can have a psychological impact on mood.
Fruity and floral scents are often associated with feelings of freshness and positivity, contributing to the overall sensory experience.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is commonly used in a variety of consumer products, including air fresheners, fabric softeners, and scented candles, to enhance the aroma and create a pleasant environment.
The use of Isoamyl phenylacetate in consumer products is subject to regulations and guidelines established by regulatory bodies such as the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) to ensure safety and proper usage levels.
Trade and Commercial Availability: Isoamyl phenylacetate is commercially available from suppliers specializing in fragrance and flavor ingredients.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is traded as a raw material for use in various industries.
Formulators need to consider the compatibility of Isoamyl phenylacetate with other ingredients in their formulations to achieve the desired scent and product stability.
By esterification of phenylacetic acid with isoamyl alcohol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid; by heating benzyl nitrile and isoamyl alcohol in the presence of excess concentrated H2SO4

Isoamyl phenylacetate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzene and substituted derivatives.
These are aromatic compounds containing one monocyclic ring system consisting of benzene.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is a sweet, animal, and balsam tasting compound.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is found, on average, in the highest concentration within peppermints (Mentha X piperita).
This could make 3-methylbutyl phenylacetate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 3-Methylbutyl phenylacetate.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is a colorless to pale yellow, water insoluble liquid with a sweet, cocoa balsam, chocolate aroma.
Isoamyl phenylacetate may be used as a flavoring agent which offers a taste of rosy, honey with phenyl chocolate nuances and dried fruit notes.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is a synthetic product with detergent compositions.

Isoamyl phenylacetate can be used as a polymerization initiator in the production of cellulose derivatives that are soluble in organic solvents.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is an acid complex with the chemical formula C11H14O2, which has a dry weight of 150.6 grams per mole and a molecular weight of 198.27 g/mol.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has been shown to have acidic properties at pH values below 7 and is classified as an acid catalyst for reactions involving diploid compounds.

Structural formulas for this compound have been determined by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, and it has been observed to be stable under constant temperature conditions.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has a fairly long shelf life and occurs in nature, but the synthetic version is used for use as a fragrance.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is known for its aromatic and fruity fragrance, often described as having a sweet, floral, and fruity character.
The fruity notes are reminiscent of bananas.
Due to its pleasant scent, Isoamyl phenylacetate is commonly used in the perfume and fragrance industry.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is often included in floral and fruity fragrance compositions, contributing to the overall olfactory profile of the final product.
In the food industry, isoamyl phenylacetate may be employed as a flavoring agent to impart a fruity and sweet taste.
However, Isoamyl phenylacetate is use in the food industry is typically limited compared to its applications in the fragrance sector.

Isoamyl phenylacetate can be synthesized in the laboratory for commercial purposes, some esters with similar aromatic characteristics are found naturally in certain fruits.
This contributes to its use in creating natural or nature-inspired fragrances.
Isoamyl phenylacetate belongs to the ester group of organic compounds.

Esters are commonly known for their pleasant odors and flavors and are often found in essential oils and fruit extracts.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is typically synthesized through the reaction of isoamyl alcohol (isopentyl alcohol) with phenylacetic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.
This esterification process results in the formation of isoamyl phenylacetate.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is generally insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
This characteristic influences its application in various formulations where solubility is a consideration.
The stability of Isoamyl phenylacetate can be influenced by factors such as exposure to light, heat, and air.

Proper storage conditions are essential to maintain the compound's quality and prevent degradation.
Isoamyl phenylacetate's stability in formulations can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, and the presence of other ingredients.
Formulators need to consider these factors to ensure the Isoamyl phenylacetate remains stable throughout the product's shelf life.

The sensory threshold of isoamyl phenylacetate—the concentration at which it can be detected by the human nose—can vary.
Perfumers and formulators consider these thresholds to determine the optimal concentration for a given application.
In addition to its use as a fragrance compound, Isoamyl phenylacetate may be employed in the food industry as a flavor enhancer.

Isoamyl phenylacetate can contribute to the overall flavor profile of certain food products.
Fragrance compounds like isoamyl phenylacetate not only contribute to the actual scent of a product but also influence the overall perception of the product.
The scent can evoke specific emotions or associations, contributing to the overall consumer experience.

Isoamyl phenylacetate might be used in niche or artisanal perfumery, where perfumers often experiment with unique combinations of ingredients to create distinctive and unconventional scents.
While isoamyl phenylacetate is often synthesized in the laboratory, natural extracts containing related compounds with similar aromas can be obtained from certain plants.
However, Isoamyl phenylacetate itself is typically more cost-effective to produce synthetically.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is commonly used as a reference standard in laboratories and educational settings.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is well-defined chemical structure makes it a useful compound for analytical and research purposes.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is generally stable and safe under normal handling conditions.
However, as with any chemical, proper precautions should be taken during transport, storage, and handling to prevent spills and ensure workplace safety.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is traded globally as a raw material for fragrance and flavor applications.

Boiling point: 268 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.98
vapor pressure: 0.907Pa at 25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.485(lit.)
FEMA: 2081 | ISOAMYL PHENYLACETATE
Flash point: >230 °F
form: clear liquid
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Odor: at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. sweet honey cocoa balsam chocolate castoreum animal
Odor Type: chocolate
Water Solubility: 63.049mg/L at 25℃
JECFA Number: 1014
LogP: 4.08 at 25℃

Isoamyl phenylacetate is commonly synthesized in the laboratory, it can also be found in trace amounts in certain natural sources.
Some plants may contain compounds with similar aromas, and these natural extracts might be used in the fragrance and flavor industry.
Formulating with isoamyl phenylacetate may present challenges, especially in achieving the desired balance of fragrance notes and ensuring compatibility with other ingredients.

Perfumers and formulators often experiment to find optimal combinations.
The choice of packaging materials can influence the stability of isoamyl phenylacetate-containing products.
Perfume bottles, cosmetic containers, or packaging for scented products need to be selected carefully to prevent interactions that could affect the compound's properties.

Isoamyl phenylacetate may exhibit synergistic effects when combined with other esters or fragrance compounds.
Perfumers may leverage these synergies to create more complex and harmonious scent profiles.
In some applications, microencapsulation techniques might be employed to encapsulate isoamyl phenylacetate.

This approach can provide controlled release of the fragrance over time, enhancing the longevity of scented products.
Over time, the scent of products containing isoamyl phenylacetate may evolve due to factors such as oxidation or chemical interactions.
Understanding the aging process and monitoring the shelf life of products is essential for maintaining consistent quality.

Fragrance preferences can vary across cultures and regions.
Companies may adapt formulations containing isoamyl phenylacetate to align with local preferences, taking into account cultural nuances and market demands.
Advances in fragrance delivery systems, encapsulation technologies, or sustainable extraction methods can impact how isoamyl phenylacetate is utilized in formulations.

Staying abreast of emerging technologies is crucial for innovation in the industry.
Ongoing research and development may lead to the discovery of new aroma compounds or more sustainable alternatives.
Companies may explore substitutions for isoamyl phenylacetate based on consumer trends or regulatory considerations.

The fragrance and flavor industry often involves collaboration between different entities, including perfumers, formulators, suppliers, and manufacturers.
Collaboration fosters creativity and innovation in creating new products and scents.
Isoamyl phenylacetate has a strong spicy scent reminiscent of cocoa.

In use, the scent is a bit richer: beeswax, honey, amber.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is used in chocolate accords, just adding (enough) vanillin or ethyl vanillin is enough to make a nice chocolate scent.
Also very suitable in sweet animal compositions such as beeswax, honey and civet.

The French perfumer Jean Claude Ellena recognizes chamomile in Isoamyl phenylacetate and indeed there is also a characteristic bitter animal note in it.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is primarily a heart to base note in perfumes and is stable in most products, including soaps and more acidic products.
Keep cool, dry, dark and out of reach of children.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is typically a racemic mixture, meaning it contains equal amounts of both enantiomers (mirror-image isomers).
In certain applications, the specific enantiomeric composition may be relevant, especially in industries like pharmaceuticals where stereochemistry can impact biological activity.
The biodegradability of isoamyl phenylacetate is an important consideration, especially in industries aiming for environmentally friendly practices.

Assessments of Isoamyl phenylacetate's fate in the environment help ensure its impact is minimal.
Researchers may explore alternative synthesis routes for isoamyl phenylacetate to improve efficiency, reduce costs, or address environmental concerns.
Green chemistry principles often guide the development of more sustainable synthesis methods.

Isoamyl phenylacetate, like many fragrance compounds, can exhibit variation in scent due to factors such as temperature, humidity, and the specific formulation it is a part of.
Perfumers and formulators account for these variations to maintain consistent product quality.
In some formulations, isoamyl phenylacetate may be combined with natural extracts or essential oils to create a more complex and nuanced fragrance.

This blending allows for the creation of unique and distinctive scents.
Isoamyl phenylacetate can be used in the production of scented candles.
Isoamyl phenylacetate adds a fruity and floral note to the candle's fragrance, enhancing the overall olfactory experience when the candle is burned.

Companies involved in the fragrance and flavor industry may explore patent applications related to the synthesis, formulations, or specific applications of isoamyl phenylacetate to protect their innovations.
As with any fragrance compound, some individuals may be more sensitive or allergic to isoamyl phenylacetate.
Companies consider potential consumer sensitivities and may conduct patch tests to ensure the safety of their products.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is generally stable under normal conditions.
However, understanding its reactivity with other chemicals in specific formulations is crucial for ensuring product stability and safety.
Trends in the fragrance and flavor industry, such as the demand for natural ingredients, transparency in labeling, and the rise of sustainable practices, can influence the use and marketability of compounds like isoamyl phenylacetate.

Fragrance, including that of isoamyl phenylacetate, can evoke memories and influence perceptions.
The choice of this compound in formulations may be guided by its ability to create positive associations or elicit specific emotions in consumers.
Perfume houses and cosmetic companies often invest in the development of custom fragrances to distinguish their products.

Isoamyl phenylacetate, with its distinctive fruity and floral notes, may be a key component in creating unique and signature scents.
Companies may conduct consumer testing and focus groups to evaluate the appeal of products containing isoamyl phenylacetate.
The rise of online shopping and e-commerce has influenced how consumers experience fragrances.

Uses:
Isoamyl phenylacetate is widely used in perfumery to impart a pleasant and distinctive aroma to various fragrance formulations.
Isoamyl phenylacetate contributes fruity, floral, and sweet notes, making it suitable for a variety of perfumes and colognes.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is utilized in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products, including lotions, creams, shampoos, and soaps.

Isoamyl phenylacetate adds a pleasant fragrance to these products, enhancing the overall sensory experience for consumers.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is incorporated into scented candles and air fresheners, contributing to the creation of a pleasant ambiance in homes and commercial spaces.
In the food industry, isoamyl phenylacetate may be used as a flavoring agent to impart a fruity and sweet taste.

However, Isoamyl phenylacetate is use in food is generally limited compared to its applications in the fragrance sector.
Due to its pleasing aroma, isoamyl phenylacetate may find use in aromatherapy products such as essential oils, diffusers, and massage oils, contributing to relaxation and mood enhancement.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is employed in various household products, including cleaning agents, fabric softeners, and laundry detergents, to provide a pleasant scent to these products.

Isoamyl phenylacetate may be used in certain industrial applications where a specific fragrance is desired, such as in the production of adhesives, sealants, or other specialty chemicals.
Isoamyl phenylacetate may be used in the textile industry to impart a pleasant fragrance to fabrics and textiles.
Scented fabrics are sometimes employed in the production of clothing, linens, or home textiles.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is a common ingredient in air care products such as room sprays, reed diffusers, and plug-in air fresheners.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is fruity and floral notes contribute to a pleasing and long-lasting fragrance in indoor spaces.
Isoamyl phenylacetate's characteristic floral and fruity notes make it suitable for the creation of floral or fruity fragrances.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is often used as a key component in perfumes and scented products where these fragrance profiles are desired.
Perfumers often use isoamyl phenylacetate as part of custom fragrance blends, experimenting with different combinations to create unique and signature scents for specific brands or products.
Isoamyl phenylacetate may be included in pet care products such as pet shampoos, grooming sprays, or pet deodorizers to provide a pleasant scent for pets.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is sometimes featured in niche or artisanal fragrance products, where a specific and unique scent profile is desired to cater to niche markets or specific consumer preferences.
Isoamyl phenylacetate can be used in the production of scented stationery, notebooks, or paper-based products, enhancing the olfactory experience for users.
Fragrances, including isoamyl phenylacetate, might be used in agricultural or horticultural applications to enhance the scent of certain products or to mask odors associated with fertilizers or pesticides.

Isoamyl phenylacetate is commonly used in laboratories and educational settings as a reference standard in the study of fragrance compounds and their properties.
Isoamyl phenylacetate may be featured in novelty products, seasonal items, or limited-edition releases where a specific fragrance is desired to match a theme or occasion.
Isoamyl phenylacetate might find limited application in the culinary field where a specific fruity or floral note is desired.

Isoamyl phenylacetate could be used in trace amounts in certain food and beverage products.
Isoamyl phenylacetate may be included in scented hand sanitizers or disinfectants, contributing to a pleasant fragrance and potentially enhancing the user experience.
Isoamyl phenylacetate might be used in the production of scented toys, playdough, or other children's products to add an appealing fragrance.

Given its pleasant and versatile aroma, Isoamyl phenylacetate can be featured in holiday-themed or seasonal fragrance formulations, contributing to the festive ambiance of products.
Fragrance compounds, including isoamyl phenylacetate, may be incorporated into scented jewelry, such as diffuser necklaces or bracelets, providing a personal and portable aromatic experience.
Fragrance compounds are sometimes added to packaging materials, such as scented cardboard or wrapping paper, to enhance the unboxing experience and add an olfactory element to products.

In the manufacturing of artificial flowers or decorative items, isoamyl phenylacetate may be added to simulate a natural floral scent, enhancing the realism of the artificial products.
Fragrance compounds can be used in marketing materials, such as scented brochures, promotional items, or product samples, to create a memorable and multisensory brand experience.
Isoamyl phenylacetate might be used in retail environments for aroma marketing, enhancing the overall shopping experience and influencing consumer behavior through strategically chosen scents.

Isoamyl phenylacetate could be incorporated into products designed to promote relaxation and sleep, such as scented pillows, sleep masks, or aromatherapy blends for bedtime.
In the entertainment industry, including virtual reality and gaming, fragrances, including those with isoamyl phenylacetate, can be introduced to enhance immersive experiences by adding olfactory elements.
Isoamyl phenylacetate could be infused into sleepwear fabrics or bedding materials, providing a subtle and long-lasting fragrance to enhance the sleeping environment.

Isoamyl phenylacetate might be incorporated into hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products to impart a pleasant fragrance to the hair.
In the realm of temporary tattoos or body art, isoamyl phenylacetate could be added to create scented designs, offering a unique sensory experience.
Fragrance compounds, including isoamyl phenylacetate, may find use in educational materials such as scented books, flashcards, or learning aids to engage multiple senses in the learning process.

Isoamyl phenylacetate could be incorporated into pet care items like pet beds, toys, or grooming products to provide a pleasant scent for pets and their owners.
Isoamyl phenylacetate may be used in scented wellness products, including spa items such as scented massage oils, bath salts, and relaxation aids.
Isoamyl phenylacetate might be applied to footwear, insoles, or shoe packaging to add a subtle fragrance to shoes.

Isoamyl phenylacetates can be integrated into automobile accessories such as air fresheners, seat covers, or car mats to create a pleasant interior fragrance.
Isoamyl phenylacetate could be incorporated into fitness-related products, such as scented yoga mats, workout accessories, or sportswear.
In the tech industry, fragrance Isoamyl phenylacetate might be incorporated into devices like smartphones, tablets, or laptops to introduce a subtle and pleasing aroma during use.

Isoamyl phenylacetate could be utilized in scented craft supplies or do-it-yourself (DIY) materials to add fragrance to handmade items.
Fragrance compounds might be used in gardening products such as scented plant markers, potting soil, or decorative items for outdoor spaces.
In event planning, fragrance compounds like isoamyl phenylacetate might be incorporated into merchandise such as scented event tickets, promotional items, or gift bags.

Safety Profile:
Inhalation of vapors or mists may cause respiratory irritation.
Isoamyl phenylacetate's advisable to use proper ventilation or personal protective equipment, such as a mask, in areas where isoamyl phenylacetate is handled in high concentrations.
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause irritation.

Isoamyl phenylacetate's recommended to use protective gloves and, if necessary, protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
In case of contact, wash the affected area with plenty of water.
Contact with the eyes may cause irritation.

In case of eye contact, Isoamyl phenylacetate's important to rinse the eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is not intended for ingestion, accidental ingestion may lead to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.

If ingested, seek medical attention immediately and provide information about the ingested substance.
Isoamyl phenylacetate is typically not highly flammable.
However, as with any organic compound, it should be stored away from open flames and heat sources.

ISOAMYL SALICYLATE, N° CAS : 87-20-7, Nom INCI : ISOAMYL SALICYLATE, Nom chimique : Isopentyl 2-Hydroxybenzoate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 201-730-4. Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

ISOBORNEOL, N° CAS : 124-76-5, Nom INCI : ISOBORNEOL Nom chimique : exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-712-4 Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the form on.
Isoascorbic acid is widely used as a preservative and color stabilizer for foods and beverages.
Isoascorbic acid is a vegetable-derived food additive produced from sucrose.

CAS Number: 89-65-6
EC Number: 201-928-0
Molecular Formula: C6H8O6
Molecular Weight: 176.13 g/mol

Isoascorbic acid is applied as an antioxidant in the food industry.
Isoascorbic acid (isoascorbic acid, D-araboascorbic acid) is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

Isoascorbic acid is synthesized by a reaction between methyl 2-keto-D-gluconate and sodium methoxide.
Isoascorbic acid can also be synthesized from sucrose or by strains of Penicillium that have been selected for this feature.
Isoascorbic acid is denoted by E number E315, and is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.

Clinical trials have been conducted to investigate aspects of the nutritional value of Isoascorbic acid.
One such trial investigated the effects of Isoascorbic acid on vitamin C metabolism in young women.
No effect on vitamin C uptake or clearance from the body was found.

Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned the use of sulfites as a preservative in foods intended to be eaten fresh (such as salad bar ingredients), the use of Isoascorbic acid as a food preservative has increased.
Isoascorbic acid is also used as a preservative in cured meats and frozen vegetables.

Isoascorbic acid (D-Isoascorbic acid), produced from sugars derived from different sources, such as beets, sugar cane, and corn, is a food additive used predominantly in meats, poultry, and soft drinks.
Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid.

Isoascorbic acid is widely used as a preservative and color stabilizer for foods and beverages.
As a vegetable-derived food additive, Isoascorbic acid can be considered natural.

Isoascorbic acid, formerly known as isoascorbic acid and D-araboascorbic acid, is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Isoascorbic acid is a vegetable-derived food additive produced from sucrose.

Isoascorbic acid is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.
The use of Isoascorbic acid as a food preservative has increased.
Isoascorbic acid is also used as a preservative in cured meats and frozen vegetables.

Isoascoribic acid, erythoribic acid is a natural product, vegetable derived food additive produced from sucrose.
Isoascorbic acid is an important antioxidant in the food industry, which can keep the color, natural flavor of foods and lengthen food storage without toxic and side effects.

Isoascorbic acid is used in cured meat processing, frozen fruits, frozen vegetables, jams, and in the beverage industry such as beer, grape wine, soft drink, fruit juice and fruit teas.
Isoascorbic acid's use has increased tremendously ever since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned the use of sulfites as a preservative in foods to be eaten fresh (ie: salad bar ingredients).

Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the form on.
Isoascorbic acid is a widely used antioxidant.
Isoascorbic acid is mostly used as an antioxidant (industrial and food), especially in the brewing industry, and as a reducing agent for photography.

Isoascorbic acid a crystalline powder with a sugar like odor with dusts that have the tendency to cause mild irritation in eyes, skin, nose and throat.
Isoascorbic acid is used as a preservative in the food packaging.

The Isoascorbic acid market has been gaining significant traction from the food packaging industry owing to the ban over the use of sulfites as a preservative in canned and frozen foods resulting in rise in the market for Isoascorbic acid.
Isoascorbic acid is non-volatile and inflammable and is thus a popular product in the food preservation.

Apart from using a preservative Isoascorbic acid is also used as a color stabilizer in during food preservation.
Isoascorbic acid is also used in small quantities in pharmaceutical industry for preparation of various types of drugs.

Isoascorbic acid is common that sometimes consumers have questions whether Isoascorbic acid is bad for our health and what are the side effects in the food we eat.
However, Isoascorbic acid is generally considered safe and almost no reported health risks.
Maybe some people are allergic or sensitive to Isoascorbic acid.

Isoascorbic acid (syn: isoascorbic acid, D-araboascorbic acid) is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid and has similar technological applications as a water-soluble antioxidant.
Isoascorbic acid was previously evaluated under the name isoascorbic acid by the sixth and seventeenth meetings of the Committee.

At the last evaluation an ADI of 0-5 mg/kg b.w. was allocated, based on a long-term study in rats, and a toxicological monograph was prepared.
The name Isoascorbic acid was changed to Isoascorbic acid in accordance with the "Guidelines for designating titles for specifications monographs" adopted at the thirty-third meeting of the Committee.

Isoascorbic acids safety used as a food additive has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), as well as other authorities.

Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Isoascorbic acid is synthesized by a reaction between methyl 2-keto-D-gluconate and sodium methoxide.

Isoascorbic acid can also be synthesized from sucrose or by strains of Penicillium that have been selected for this feature.
Isoascorbic acid is denoted by E number E315, and is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.

Clinical trials have been conducted to investigate aspects of the nutritional value of Isoascorbic acid.
One such trial investigated the effects of Isoascorbic acid on vitamin C metabolism in young women; no effect on vitamin C uptake or clearance from the body was found.
A later study found that Isoascorbic acid is a potent enhancer of nonheme-iron absorption.

Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned the use of sulfites as a preservative in foods intended to be eaten fresh (such as salad bar ingredients), the use of Isoascorbic acid as a food preservative has increased.

Isoascorbic acid is also used as a preservative in cured meats and frozen vegetables.
Isoascorbic acid was first synthesized in 1933 by the German chemists Kurt Maurer and Bruno Schiedt.

Applications of Isoascorbic acid:
Generally, Isoascorbic acid is widely used to stabilize color, reduce nitrate uses, and prevent oxidation in meat products, fruits and vegetables.
Meanwhile, Isoascorbic acid benefits our body through reducing nitrosamine formation which is generated by the intake of nitrate.

Pharmaceutical Applications of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of L-ascorbic acid, and is used as an antioxidant in foods and oral pharmaceutical formulations.
Isoascorbic acid has approximately 5% of the vitamin C activity of L-ascorbic acid.

Functions and Applications of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid is produced in acidic condition by sodium erythorbate.
Isoascorbic acid has strong reducing action and has effects on reducing blood press, diuresis, generationg liver glycogen,excreting pigment,detoxifying the body.

Isoascorbic acid is non-toxic.
Isoascorbic acids other applications are familiar to sodium erythorbate.

Sodium erythorbateand Isoascorbic acid are generally recognized as the lastest A-class Green products internationally and have become the commodities in short supply both at home and abroad.

Isoascorbic acid is a potent enhancer of iron absorption, Isoascorbic acids lack of antiscorbutic activity limits Isoascorbic acid usefulness in iron-fortification programs.
Isoascorbic acid may play a major role in enhancing iron bioavailability from mixed diets that include foods preserved with Isoascorbic acid.

Uses of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid used as Antioxidant (industrial and food), especially in brewing industry, reducing agent in photography.
Isoascorbic acid is a food preservative that is a strong reducing agent (oxygen accepting) which functions similarly to antioxidants.

In the dry crystalline state Isoascorbic acid is nonreactive, but in water solutions Isoascorbic acid reacts readily with atmospheric oxygen and other oxidizing agents, making Isoascorbic acid valuable as an antioxidant.
During preparation, dissolving and mixing should incorporate a minimum amount of air, and storage should be at cool temperatures.

Isoascorbic acid has a solubility of 43 g/100 ml of water at 25°c.
One part is equivalent to one part ascorbic acid and equivalent to one part sodium erythorbate.

Isoascorbic acid is used to control oxidative color and flavor deterioration in fruits at 150–200 ppm.
Isoascorbic acid is used in meat curing to speed and control the nitrite curing reaction and prolong the color of cured meat at levels of 0.05%.

Generally, Isoascorbic acid is widely used to stabilize color, reduce nitrate uses, and prevent oxidation in meat products, fruits and vegetables.
And therefore maintain the color & flavor and extend their shelf life.

Meanwhile, Isoascorbic acid benefits our body through reducing nitrosamine formation which is generated by the intake of nitrate.
Isoascorbic acid is also used as a preservative in cured meats and frozen vegetables.

Isoascorbic acid is mostly used as an antioxidant (industrial and food), especially in the brewing industry, and as a reducing agent for photography.
Isoascorbic acid is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods, cured meats and frozen vegetables.

Isoascorbic acid is able to replace nitrates in meat applications.
Isoascorbic acid is a food preservative that is a strong reducing agent (oxygen accepting) which functions similarly to antioxidants.

In the dry crystalline state Isoascorbic acid is nonreactive, but in water solutions Isoascorbic acid reacts readily with atmospheric oxygen and other oxidizing agents, making Isoascorbic acid valuable as an antioxidant.
During preparation, dissolving and mixing should incorporate a minimum amount of air, and storage should be at cool temperatures.

Isoascorbic acid has a solubility of 43 g/100 ml of water at 25°c. One part is equivalent to one part ascorbic acid and equivalent to one part sodium erythorbate.
Isoascorbic acid is used to control oxidative color and flavor deterioration in fruits at 150–200 ppm.

Isoascorbic acid is used in meat curing to speed and control the nitrite curing reaction and prolong the color of cured meat at levels of 0.05%.
Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of L-ascorbic acid, and is used as an antioxidant in foods and oral pharmaceutical formulations.
Isoascorbic acid has approximately 5% of the vitamin C activity of L-ascorbic acid.

Food:
Isoascorbic acids main uses are in meat products, fruits & vegetables and also in soft drinks & beer.

Meat products:
Cured and preserved meat products takes an important part in the meat industry.

Provide a bright red color:
In order to achieve the purpose of preserving meat products and produce a bright red color, the traditional method is to add nitrate which can interact with amines in the human body to form a carcinogen nitrosamine, which is harmful to our health.

Reduce nitrosamines:
Isoascorbic acid can significantly reduce the production of nitrosamines if the combination uses of Isoascorbic acid with nitrite.
At the same time, Isoascorbic acid can stabilize the color of meat.

Isoascorbic acid was reported by Mintel GNDP that nearly 5,000 products out of nearly 1 million products sold in Europe contain Isoascorbic acid or sodium erythorbate in meat products or products contained meat as an ingredient (e.g. pizza, ready-to-eat meat meals, meat-based spread and filled pasta).

Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid.
Isoascorbic acid is widely used as a preservative and color stabilizer for foods and beverages.
As a vegetable-derived food additive, Isoascorbic acid can be considered natural.

Fruits and Vegetable Processing:
Fresh fruit and vegetable products can easily cause quality problems during the preservation, such as microbial growth, softening, weightlessness and browning due to cracks.

The traditional browning inhibitor is sulfur, but Isoascorbic acid can cause several health problems such as high blood pressure.
Isoascorbic acid or sodium erythorbate can be used to keep the freshness and stabilize the color of fruit and vegetables by soaking or spraying Isoascorbic acids solution on the surface.

Drink and Beer:
Isoascorbic acid and Isoascorbic acids sodium salt can be used as an antioxidant in beverages, beer and etc.

Isoascorbic acid can eliminate the discoloration, odor and turbidity, and improve the poor taste of beverages.
In beer, Isoascorbic acid can remove the stale odor, enhance flavor stability, and prolong Isoascorbic acid shelf life.

Formerly known as isoascorbic acid, Isoascorbic acid is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Isoascorbic acid is a vegetable derived food additive produced from sucrose.

Isoascorbic acid is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.
Isoascorbic acid is a water-soluble antioxidant, used mainly as an ingredient in soft drinks.
Isoascorbic acid has no known mutagenic or carcinogenic properties, and has not been shown to inhibit the uptake of any vitamins or minerals.

Cosmetics:
Per the “European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients”, Isoascorbic acid functions as an antioxidant in cosmetic and personal care products.
Isoascorbic acid can be found in hair and nail products.

Usage Areas of Isoascorbic acid:
Antioxidants
Bacon
Sauage
Meats
Brewing
Soft Drink
Beverage Powder
Fruit Juice
Ice Cream, Fruit Sauces
Chewing Gum
Confections
Baking Food
Yogurt
Color Stabilizer Flavoring Agent
Preservative
Nutrient
Dietary Supplement
Cosmetics
Feed
Pharmaceutical

Authorised Uses of Isoascorbic acid:

The following foods may contain Isoascorbic acid:
Cured and preserved meat products
Frozen and deep-frozen fish with red skin

Preserved and semi-preserved fish products
Food Standards Australia New Zealand
Isoascorbic acid is an approved ingredient in Australia and New Zealand with the code number 315.

Isoascorbic acid is readily absorbed and metabolized.
Following an oral dose of 500 mg of Isoascorbic acid to human subjects the blood level curves for ascorbic acid and Isoascorbic acid showed a similar rise.
In five human subjects, an oral dose of 300 mg was shown to have no effect on urinary excretion of ascorbic acid.

Isoascorbic acid was found to have no antagonistic effect on the action of ascorbic acid.
Isoascorbic acid (E315 or Isoascorbic Acid) is a white to slight yellow crystal or powder.

Isoascorbic acid can darken on exposure to light.
Isoascorbic acid is soluble in water, alcohol, pyridine, oxygenated solvents and slightly soluble in glycerin.

Industry Uses:
Binder
Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Pigment
Process regulators
Reducing agent
Surface active agents

Consumer Uses:
Binder
Catalyst
Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Process regulators
Reducing agent
Surface active agents

Possible Side Effects of Isoascorbic acid:
Although Isoascorbic acid generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects.

The side effects may:
Possible short-term side effects
Headaches
Dizziness
Fatigue
Body flushing
Hemolysis

Chemical Properties of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid occurs as a white or slightly yellow-colored crystals or powder.
Isoascorbic acid gradually darkens in color upon exposure to light.

Manufacturing of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid can be produced by a reaction between methyl 2-keto-D-gluconate and sulphuric acid.

Generally, the manufacturing process of Isoascorbic acid has 5 steps:
Producing calcium 2-keto-D-gluconate: food-grade starch hydrolysate fermentation by Pseudomonas fluorescens with calcium carbonate.
Acidify the above fermentation broth to obtain 2-keto-D-gluconic acid (2-KG).
Esterification 2-KG with methanol under acid conditions to yield methyl 2-keto-D-gluconate.

The synthesis of sodium erythorbate: heating the above suspension with sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate.
The reaction between sodium erythorbate and sulphuric acid.

Manufacturing Methods of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid is synthesized by the reaction between methyl 2-keto-D-gluconate and sodium methoxide.
Isoascorbic acid can also be synthesized from sucrose and produced from Penicillium spp.

Isoascorbic acid can also be prepared by reacting 2-keto-D-gluconate with sodium methoxide, synthesized from sucrose, or naturally produced by Penicililum species. Sodium erythorbate is prepared from D-glucose by a combination of biosynthesis and chemical synthesis via the intermediate 2-keto-D-gluconic acid.

Isoascorbic acid is produced by the fermentation of D-glucose to 2-keto-D-gluconic acid by Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria.
The fermentation product is esterified and heated in basic solution to yield sodium erythorbate.
Upon acidification of the salt in a water-methanol solution, Isoascorbic acid is formed.

Production Methods of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid is synthesized by the reaction between methyl 2- keto-D-gluconate and sodium methoxide.
Isoascorbic acid can also be synthesized from sucrose, and produced from Penicillium spp.

Biotechnological Production of Isoascorbic acid:
Yeasts and other fungi synthesize the C5 sugar acid D-erythroascorbic acid which shares structural and physicochemical properties with Asc.
D-erythroascorbic acid serves similar protective functions in these microorganisms as Asc does in plants and animals, including the scavenging of reactive oxygen species.

The biosynthesis of D-erythroascorbic acid starts from D-arabinose obtained by the microorganism from decaying plant material.
D-arabinose, presumably in Isoascorbic acid 1,4-furanosidic isomeric form, is oxidized by NAD(P)+ specific dehydrogenases to D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, which is further oxidized to D-erythroascorbic acid by D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase.
Resting cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can synthesize Asc from L-galactose, L-galactono-1,4-lactone, or L-gulono- 1,4-lactone via the pathway naturally used for D-erythroascorbic acid.

Purification Methods of Isoascorbic acid:
Crystallise D(-)-isoascorbic acid from H2O, EtOH or dioxane. is at 245nm with 7,500 (EtOH).
Isoascorbic acid Used in various foods as water-soluble antioxidant to prevent change (color, taste, fragrance) of food occurred by oxidation.

Isoascorbic acid is found in frozen seafood, fishery product, stock meat, stock fish sausage, fruit, vegetable, pickles, beverage, gerry pet food etc.
Isoascorbic acid is also used as Oxygen absorbers (Sponge cake, Confectionery), boiler oxygen scavenger, photographic developer, hair dye and reaction-catalyst in resin polymerization.

Incompatibilities of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid is incompatible with chemically active metals such as aluminum, copper, magnesium, and zinc.
Isoascorbic acid is also incompatible with strong bases and strong oxidizing agents.

Isoascorbic acid, a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid with similar physicochemical properties, is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.
Isoascorbic acid or erythorbate, formerly known as iso ascorbic acid and D-arabo ascorbic acid, is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid.

Isoascorbic acids chemical properties have many similarities with Vc, but as an antioxidant, Isoascorbic acid has the inimitable advantage that Vc do not have:
First, Isoascorbic acid is superior to the anti-oxidation than Vc, therefore, mixed the Vc, Isoascorbic acid can effectively protect the properties Vc component in improving the properties have very good results, while protecting the Vc color.
Second, higher security, no residue in the human body, participating in metabolism after absorb by human body, which can be transformed into Vc partially.

Isoascorbic acid, an epimer of L-ascorbic acid, is used in the United States as a food additive.
Studies were conducted to determine whether the ingestion of Isoascorbic acid in the diet had any beneficial or adverse effects on the human requirement for vitamin C.

Young women were fed diets that contained controlled amounts of Isoascorbic acid and ascorbic acid.
In pharmacokinetic evaluations, Isoascorbic acid and ascorbic acid were rapidly absorbed with little interaction.

Isoascorbic acid cleared from the body more rapidly than ascorbic acid. Some subjects received diets deficient in vitamin C for periods < or = 30 d.
Increasing intakes of Isoascorbic acid or prolonged intakes of < or = 1 g Isoascorbic acid/d did not indicate any interactions with ascorbic acid.

Consumption of Isoascorbic acid resulted in the presence of Isoascorbic acid in mononuclear leukocytes.
Ascorbic acid concentrations in these cells were not affected by the presence of Isoascorbic acid.

Isoascorbic acid disappeared quickly from these cells with cessation of Isoascorbic acid supplements.
Prolonged ingestion of erythrobic acid by young women neither antagonized nor spared their vitamin C status.

Storage of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid should be stored in an airtight container, protected from light, in a cool, dry place.

Stability and Reactivity of Isoascorbic acid:

Reactivity:

The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures:
In correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed.

Chemical stability:
Isoascorbic acid is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, Strong bases, Chemically active metals, Aluminum, Zinc, Magnesium, Copper

Safety of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid is widely used in food applications as an antioxidant.
Isoascorbic acid is also used in oral pharmaceutical applications as an antioxidant.

Isoascorbic acid is generally regarded as nontoxic and nonirritant when used as an excipient.
Isoascorbic acid is readily metabolized and does not affect the urinary excretion of ascorbic acid.
The WHO has set an acceptable daily intake of Isoascorbic acid and Isoascorbic acid sodium salt in foods at up to 5 mg/kg body-weight.

First Aid of Isoascorbic acid:

Eye contact:
After initial flushing, remove any contact lenses and continue flushing for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attention if irritation develops or persists.

Skin contact:
Wash affected area immediately with large amounts of soap and water.
Get medical attention if irritation develops or persists.

Inhalation:
Remove to fresh air, treat symptomatically.
Get medical attention if cough or other symptoms develop.

Ingestion:
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting.
Give milk or water.

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Call a physician or poison control center immediately

Safeguards (Personnel):
If excessive dust is created, wear dust mask or respirator to keep exposure below the permissible exposure level for particulate matter.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.

Initial containment:
Take up and place in secure closed containers.
Treat or dispose of waste material in accordance with all local, state/provincial, and national requirements.
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust.

Large spills procedure:
Avoid dust generation.
Treat or dispose of waste material in accordance with all local, state/provincial, and national requirements.

Small spills procedure:
Do not dry sweep.
Treat or dispose of waste material in accordance with all local, state/provincial, and national requirements.

Handling (personnel):
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Avoid breathing (dust, vapor, mist, gas).

Handling (physical aspects):
Store in original container protected from direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials.
Secure container after each use.

Storage precautions:
Keep dry.

Engineering controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower.
Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control airborne levels.
Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas.

Eye / face protection requirements:
A respiratory protection program that meets osha's 29 cfr 1910-134 and ansi z88-2 requirements must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use.

Skin protection requirements:
Apron is recommended.
Wear protective gloves to minimize skin contamination.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Respiratory protection requirements:
If airborne concentrations exceed the osha twa, a niosh approved dust mask is recommended.

Identifiers of Isoascorbic acid:
CAS Number: 89-65-6
CHEBI: 51438
ChemSpider: 16736142
ECHA InfoCard: 100.001.753
E number: E315 (antioxidants)
PubChem CID: 6981
UNII: 311332OII1
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID6026537
Chemical formula: C6H8O6
Molar mass: 176.124 g·mol−1
Density: 0.704 g/cm3
Melting point: 164 to 172 °C (327 to 342 °F; 437 to 445 K)

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C6H8O6
CAS Number: 89-65-6
Molecular Weight: 176.12
Beilstein: 84271
EC Number: 201-928-0
MDL number: MFCD00005378
PubChem Substance ID: 24888398
NACRES: NA.22

CAS: 89-65-6
Molecular Formula: C6H7NaO6
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 198.11
MDL Number: MFCD00005378
InChI Key: IFVCRSPJFHGFCG-HXPAKLQESA-N
PubChem CID: 54675810
ChEBI: CHEBI:51438
IUPAC Name: (2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2H-furan-5-one
SMILES: [Na+].OC[C@H](O)C1OC(=O)[C-](O)C1=O

Properties of Isoascorbic acid:
Boiling point: 227.71°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.3744 (rough estimate)
Refractive index: -17.5 ° (C=10, H2O)
Storage temp.: Store at 0-5°C
Solubility H2O: 0.1 g/mL, clear, colorless to very faintly yellow
Form: Crystals or Crystalline Powder
pka4.09±0.10(Predicted)
Color White to slightly yellow
Optical activity:[α]25/D 16.8°, c = 2 in H2O
Water Solubility: 1g/10mL
Merck: 14,5126
BRN: 84271
Stability: Stable. Combustible.
Incompatible: with chemically active metals, aluminium, zinc, copper, magnesium, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N

Appearance: White to slightly yellow crystalline solid which darkens gradually on exposure to light.
Other names: D-Isoascorbic acid; D-Araboascorbic acid
CAS number: 89-65-6
Chemical formula: C6H8O6
Molecular weight: 176.13
PKa: Isoascorbic acid is a diprotic acid having pKa’s 11.34 and 4.04.
Solubility
In water: 40 g in 100 mL water at 25 °C.
In organic solvents: Soluble in alcohol, pyridine; moderately soluble in acetone; slightly soluble in glycerol
CAS number: 89-65-6
EINECS, EC No.: 201-928-0
HS Code: 2932290090
Molecular formula: C6H8O6
Molecular weight: 176.13 g/mol

Quality Level: 200
Assay: 98%
Form: crystals
Optical activity: [α]25/D −16.8°, c = 2 in H2O
mp: 169-172 °C (dec.) (lit.)
SMILES string: [H][C@@]1(OC(=O)C(O)=C1O)[C@H](O)CO
InChI: 1S/C6H8O6/c7-1-2(8)5-3(9)4(10)6(11)12-5/h2,5,7-10H,1H2/t2-,5-/m1/s1
InChI key: CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N

Molecular Weight: 176.12 g/mol
XLogP3: -1.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 176.03208797 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 176.03208797 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 107Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Complexity: 232
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Isoascorbic acid:
Form: solid
Color: white
Odor: none
Boiling point: nd c
Vapor pressure: nd psia
Vapor density: nd (air = 1)
Solubility in water: 40 g/100 ml
Specific gravity: 1.65 (water = 1)
Bulk density: nd
Melting/freezing point: nd c
Ph: 5-6
% volatiles: nd %

Identification: Passes Test
Appearance: White odorless crystalline powder.
Assay: 99.0 - 100.5%
Specific Rotation, [a ]25°/D °C: Between -16.5° and -18.0°
Heavy Metals: 10 ppm max
Lead: 5 ppm max
ArseniC: 3 ppm max
Residue on Ignition,: >0.3% max
Loss on Drying: 0.4% max
Packing: 25-kg (55-lb) or as required by the buyer

Melting Point: 169°C to 172°C (decomposition)
Odor: Odorless
Quantity: 100 g
Merck Index: 14,5126
Solubility Information: Soluble in alcohol, pyridine and water.
Formula Weight: 176.12
Percent Purity: 99%
Physical Form: Powder
Chemical Name or Material: D-(-)-Isoascorbic acid

Related Products of Isoascorbic acid:
N,N-Diethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide
N,N-Dimethylpiperidine-4-sulfonamide Hydrochloride
Des-4-methylenepiperidine Efinaconazole
2,3-Difluorophenyl Efinaconazole Diol
3-Isobutylaniline

Synonyms of Isoascorbic acid:
Isoascorbic acid
Isoascorbic acid
D-Isoascorbic acid
89-65-6
D-Araboascorbic acid
Araboascorbic acid
D-Isoascorbic acid
Isovitamin C
2,3-Didehydro-D-erythro-hexono-1,4-lactone
Erycorbin
Neo-cebicure
UNII-311332OII1
Saccharosonic acid
Glucosaccharonic acid
MFCD00005378
(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one
D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, g-lactone
D-erythro-hex-2-enonic acid gamma-lactone
D-(-)-Isoascorbic acid
CHEBI:51438
(R)-5-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one
D-ASCORBIC ACID, ISO
D-erythro-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone
311332OII1
Mercate 5
D(-)-Isoascorbic acid, 98%
D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, .gamma.-lactone
Erythroascorbic acid, D-
FEMA Number: 2410
FEMA No. 2410
CCRIS 6568
HSDB 584
Isoascorbic acid [NF]
D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, gamma-lactone
NSC 8117
D-erythro-3-Oxohexonic acid lactone
EINECS 201-928-0
D-erythro-3-Ketohexonic acid lactone
3-Oxohexonic acid lactone, D-erythro-
BRN 0084271
3-Keto-D-erythro-hexonic acid gamma-lactone
Hex-2-enonic acid gamma-lactone, D-erythro-
d-iso-ascorbic acid
1f9g
E315
D-Erythro-hex-2-enonic acid, gamma-lactone,
DSSTox_CID_6537
D-(-)-Araboascorbic acid
EC 201-928-0
DSSTox_RID_78143
D-(???)-Isoascorbic acid
DSSTox_GSID_26537
SCHEMBL18678
5-18-05-00026 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
CHEMBL486293
SCHEMBL3700961
DTXSID6026537
D-(-)-Isoascorbic acid, 98%
(2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyfuran-3-one
HY-N7079
Tox21_201111
SBB017515
AKOS015856346
ZINC100006772
ZINC100057602
CAS-89-65-6
D-erythro-hex-2-enoic acid ??-lactone
NCGC00258663-01
D-Isoascorbic acid, >=99%, FCC, FG
O272
A0520
CS-0014152
C20364
Q424531
J-506944
7179C406-7CCF-4C07-9125-AA71E28FB983
(2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2H-furan-5-one
(5R)-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydrofuran-2-one
Isoascorbic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one (non-preferred name)
Isoascorbic Acid
D-araboascorbic Acid
Araboascorbic Acid
D-Isoascorbic acid
Isovitamin C
D-isoascorbic Acid
Erycorbin
Neo-cebicure
Saccharosonic Acid
Mercate 5
Glucosaccharonic Acid
D-(-)-isoascorbic Acid
Erythroascorbic Acid, D-
Fema Number: 2410
D-ascorbic Acid, Iso
Fema No. 2410
Ccris 6568
Hsdb 584
D-erythro-hex-2-enonic Acid, Gamma-lactone
2,3-didehydro-d-erythro-hexono-1,4-lactone
Unii-311332oii1
Chebi:51438
89-65-6
Nsc 8117
D-erythro-3-oxohexonic Acid Lactone
Einecs 201-928-0
D-erythro-3-ketohexonic Acid Lactone
3-oxohexonic Acid Lactone, D-erythro-
Brn 0084271
E315
(5r)-5-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5h)-one
3-keto-d-erythro-hexonic Acid Gamma-lactone
D-erythro-hex-2-enonic Acid, Gamma-lactone,
Hex-2-enonic Acid Gamma-lactone, D-erythro-
Erythroascorbic Acid
D-erythro-hex-2-enoic Acid Gamma-lactone
D-erythro-hex-2-enonic Acid, .gamma.-lactone
Erythorbatd
D-erythro-hex-1-enofuranos-3-ulose
Isoascorbic acid [nf]
1f9g
Ac1l1nqg
Dsstox_cid_6537
Dsstox_rid_78143
Dsstox_gsid_26537
Schembl18678
W241008_aldrich
856061_aldrich
Chembl486293
Schembl3700961
58320_fluka
Ciwbshskhkdkbq-duzgatohsa-n
Molport-003-937-345
7378-23-6 (hydrochloride Salt)
Tox21_201111
Ar-1i3651
D-erythro-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone
Sbb017515
146-75-8 (di-hydrochloride Salt)
Akos015856346
311332oii1
Ls-2352
Rl05634
Cas-89-65-6
6381-77-7 (mono-hydrochloride Salt)
Ncgc00258663-01
Kb-49577
O272
D-erythro-hex-2-enonic Acid Gamma-lactone
A0520
C20364
5-18-05-00026 (beilstein Handbook Reference)
(2r)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyfuran-3-one
7179c406-7ccf-4c07-9125-aa71e28fb983
(5r)-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydrofuran-2-one
74242-57-2
Erythorbic acid
ISOASCORBIC-ACID
1f9g
E315
D-Erythro-hex-2-enonic acid, gamma-lactone,
EC 201-928-0
SCHEMBL18678
ERYTHORBIC ACID [II]
5-18-05-00026 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
ERYTHORBIC ACID [FCC]
ISOASCORBIC ACID [MI]
ERYTHORBIC ACID [FHFI]
ERYTHORBIC ACID [HSDB]
ERYTHORBIC ACID [INCI]
CHEMBL486293
DTXCID306537
INS NO.315
SCHEMBL3700961
ERYTHORBIC ACID [MART.]
ERYTHORBIC ACID [USP-RS]
INS-315
D-(-)-Isoascorbic acid, 98%
HY-N7079
Tox21_201111
AC8021
AKOS015856346
D-erythro-hex-2-enoic acid ?-lactone
CAS-89-65-6
D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, g-lactone
NCGC00258663-01
D-erythro-Hex-2-enoic acid gamma-lactone
D-Isoascorbic acid, >=99%, FCC, FG
A0520
CS-0014152
E-315
ASCORBIC ACID IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY]
C20364
EN300-251979
A843272
Q424531
D-Isoascorbic acid 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
J-506944
Z1255372411
7179C406-7CCF-4C07-9125-AA71E28FB983
Erythorbic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one
(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-Dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one (D-Isoascorbic Acid)

DESCRIPTION:

Erythorbic acid (isoascorbic acid, D-araboascorbic acid) is a stereoisomer of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) is synthesized by a reaction between methyl 2-keto-D-gluconate and sodium methoxide.
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) can also be synthesized from sucrose or by strains of Penicillium that have been selected for this feature.[2]
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) is denoted by E number E315, and is widely used as an antioxidant in processed foods.[3]


CAS: 89-65-6
European Community (EC) Number: 201-928-0
IUPAC name: D-erythro-Hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone
Molecular Formula: C6H8O6

SYNONYMS OF ISOASCORBIC ACID (ERYTHORBIC ACID):
D-araboascorbic acid,erythorbic acid,erythroascorbic acid,isoascorbic acid,isoascorbic acid, disodium salt,isoascorbic acid, monosodium salt,isoascorbic acid, sodium salt,sodium erythorbate,Erythorbic acid,Isoascorbic acid,D-Araboascorbic acid,89-65-6,D-Isoascorbic acid,Araboascorbic acid,D-Erythorbic acid,Isovitamin C,D-(-)-Isoascorbic acid,Saccharosonic acid,Glucosaccharonic acid,2,3-Didehydro-D-erythro-hexono-1,4-lactone,FEMA No. 2410,(R)-5-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one,Erycorbin,Neo-cebicure,D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, .gamma.-lactone,D-erythro-Hex-2-enonic acid, g-lactone,D-erythro-hex-2-enonic acid gamma-lactone,DTXSID6026537,CHEBI:51438,(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one,D-ASCORBIC ACID, ISO,D-erythro-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone,311332OII1,D(-)-Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid),(2R)-2-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2H-furan-5-one,Mercate 5,Erythroascorbic acid, D-,MFCD00005378,FEMA Number: 2410,CCRIS 6568,HSDB 584,D(-?)?-?Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid),Erythorbic acid [NF],NSC 8117,D-erythro-3-Oxohexonic acid lactone,EINECS 201-928-0,D-erythro-3-Ketohexonic acid lactone,3-Oxohexonic acid lactone, D-erythro-,BRN 0084271,NSC-8117,3-Keto-D-erythro-hexonic acid gamma-lactone,Hex-2-enonic acid gamma-lactone, D-erythro-,(5R)-5-((1R)-1,2-DIHYDROXYETHYL)-3,4-DIHYDROXYFURAN-2(5H)-ONE,UNII-311332OII1,D-soascorbic acid,(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-Dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one (D-Isoascorbic Acid); Ascorbic Acid Impurity F; Sodium Ascorbate Impurity F,d-iso-ascorbic acid
ERYTHORBATE,ISOASCORBIC-ACID,1f9g,E315,D-Erythro-hex-2-enonic acid, gamma-lactone,,EC 201-928-0,SCHEMBL18678,ERYTHORBIC ACID [II],5-18-05-00026 (Beilstein Handbook Reference),ERYTHORBIC ACID [FCC],ISOASCORBIC ACID [MI],ERYTHORBIC ACID [FHFI],ERYTHORBIC ACID [HSDB],CHEMBL486293,DTXCID306537,INS NO.315,SCHEMBL3700961,ERYTHORBIC ACID [MART.],ERYTHORBIC ACID [USP-RS],INS-315,D-(-)-Isoascorbic acid, 98%,HY-N7079,Tox21_201111,AC8021,AKOS015856346,D-erythro-hex-2-enoic acid ?-lactone,CAS-89-65-6,NCGC00258663-01,D-erythro-Hex-2-enoic acid gamma-lactone,D-Isoascorbic acid, >=99%, FCC, FG,A0520,CS-0014152,E-315,NS00079026,ASCORBIC ACID IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY],C20364,EN300-251979,A843272,Q424531,D-Isoascorbic acid 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile,J-506944,Z1255372411,7179C406-7CCF-4C07-9125-AA71E28FB983,Erythorbic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard,(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one,(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-Dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one (D-Isoascorbic Acid),(5R)-5-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one (non-preferred name)


Isoascorbic acid is used as antioxidant especially in brewing industry, reducing agent in photography.
And Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) is also used in food industry, as food additives.
Erythorbic acid is a natural product found in Hypsizygus marmoreus, Grifola frondosa, and other organisms with data available.
D-isoascorbic acid is an ascorbic acid.

Erythorbic acid (D-Isoascorbic acid), produced from sugars derived from different sources, such as beets, sugar cane, and corn, is a food additive used predominantly in meats, poultry, and soft drinks.


Erythorbic Acid, formerly known as isoAscorbic Acid and D-araboAscorbic Acid, is a stereoisomer of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C).
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) is a vegetable-derived food additive produced from sucrose.
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) is often used to preserve fresh produce as well as cured meat and frozen vegetables.

Ascorbyl Palmitate, Ascorbyl Dipalmitate and Ascorbyl Stearate are made from vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
Erythorbic Acid and Sodium Erythorbate are substances with structures similar to vitamin C and the sodium salt of vitamin C.
Ascorbyl Palmitate, Ascorbyl Dipalmitate and Ascorbyl Stearate are used primarily in makeup products.
Erythorbic Acid and Sodium Erythorbate are used primarily in hair and nail products.

Clinical trials have been conducted to investigate aspects of the nutritional value of erythorbic acid.
One such trial investigated the effects of erythorbic acid on vitamin C metabolism in young women; no effect on vitamin C uptake or clearance from the body was found.
A later study found that erythorbic acid is a potent enhancer of nonheme-iron absorption.


Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned the use of sulfites as a preservative in foods intended to be eaten fresh (such as salad bar ingredients), the use of erythorbic acid as a food preservative has increased.
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) is also used as a preservative in cured meats and frozen vegetables.[6]
Isoascorbic Acid (Erythorbic Acid) was first synthesized in 1933 by the German chemists Kurt Maurer and Bruno Schiedt


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ISOASCORBIC ACID (ERYTHORBIC ACID):
Chemical formula C6H8O6
Molar mass 176.124 g•mol−1
Density 0.704 g/cm3
Melting point 164 to 172 °C (327 to 342 °F; 437 to 445 K) (decomposes)
Acidity (pKa) 2.1
CAS Number
89-65-6 check
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
ChEBI
CHEBI:51438 check
ChemSpider
16736142 check
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.753 Edit this at Wikidata
E number E315 (antioxidants, ...)
PubChem CID
6981
UNII
311332OII1 check
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
DTXS
Molecular Weight
176.12 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3
-1.6
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
4
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
6
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
176.03208797 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
176.03208797 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
107Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
12
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
232
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
2
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Description
Erythorbic acid (D-Isoascorbic acid), produced from sugars derived from different sources, such as beets, sugar cane, and corn, is a food additive used predominantly in meats, poultry, and soft drinks.

Molecular Weight
176.12

Formula
C6H8O6

CAS No.
89-65-6

Appearance
Solid

Color
Off-white to light yellow

SMILES
O=C1C(O)=C(O)[C@]([C@H](O)CO)([H])O1

Structure Classification
Others
Initial Source
Microorganisms
Flammulina velutipes

Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage
4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT ISOASCORBIC ACID (ERYTHORBIC ACID):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Isoborneol, also known as borneol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids.
Isoborneol is a monoterpenoid alcohol present in the essential oils of numerous medicinal plants and has antioxidant and antiviral properties.
Isoborneol is used as a synthetic flavor, as a moth repellent, cold sore topical medication, muscle liniment, and steam-inhaled cough suppressant.

CAS Number: 124-76-5
EC Number: 204-712-4
Molecular Formula: C10H18O
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 154.253

Isoborneol is a bicyclic organic compound and a terpene derivative.
The hydroxyl group in this compound is placed in an exo position.

The endo diastereomer is called borneol.
Being chiral, isoborneol exists as enantiomers.

Isoborneol ((±)-Isoborneol) is a monoterpenoid alcohol present in the essential oils of numerous medicinal plants and has antioxidant and antiviral properties.
Isoborneol is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)

Isoborneol, also known as borneol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids.
These are monoterpenoids containing exactly 2 rings, which are fused to each other.

Monoterpenoids are terpenes that contain 10 carbon atoms and are comprised of two isoprene units.
The biosynthesis of monoterpenes is known to occur mainly through the methyl-eritritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids.

Geranyl diphosphate (GPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes.
GPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements.

Borneol can be synthesized by reducing camphor by the Meerwein‚ ÄìPonndorf‚ ÄìVerley reaction, a reversible, inexpensive process.
The isomer isoborneol can be produced in the kinetically controlled reduction of camphor with sodium borohydride, which is fast and irreversible.
(-)-Isoborneol is neutral compound, a white crystalline solid with a balsamic camphoreous herbal woody odor and camphoreous minty herbal earthy woody flavor.

Borneol or isoborneol is a naturally occurring organic compound found in the essential oil of many plants such as camphorweed, mugwort, beautyberry, Ngai camphor, aromatic ginger.

Isoborneol is used as a synthetic flavor, as a moth repellent, cold sore topical medication, muscle liniment, and steam-inhaled cough suppressant.
Isoborneol is also used in Used in perfumes.

Isoborneol, also known as isobornyl alcohol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids.
These are monoterpenoids containing exactly 2 rings, which are fused to each other.
Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on Isoborneol.

Isoborneol is a terpene derivative.
Isoborneol is prepared by hydration and rearrangement of camphene/pinene.
Isoborneol is commonly used as flavor and fragrance agents

Applications of Isoborneol:
Isoborneol is used in fragrance formulation of daily chemicals
Isoborneol is used in daliy and industrial flavor

Isoborneol is used in producing rosemary and lavandula angustifolia
Isoborneol is used as antiseptics.

Isoborneol is used as a synthetic flavor, as a moth repellent, cold sore topical medication, muscle liniment, and steam-inhaled cough suppressant.
Isoborneol is also used in Used in perfumes.

Uses of Isoborneol:
Isoborneol is used as a synthetic flavor.
In over-the-counter preparations containing <11% camphor, Isoborneol has been used as a moth repellent, cold sore topical medication, muscle liniment, and steam-inhaled cough suppressant.
Isoborneol is used in perfumes.

The repellence of the plant-derived bicyclic monoterpenoid isoborneol on subterranean termites was assessed in short-term laboratory bioassays.
Depending on concentration, application of isoborneol to different soil types was efficient in creating repellent soil barriers, which were not penetrated by workers of Reticulitermes santonensis De Feytaud or R. flavipes Kollar within 2 wk after adding Isoborneol to the substrate.

Isoborneol-treated barriers did not affect termite survival.
The bioavailability of the active ingredient decreased with increasing clay content of the soil.
Evaporation of isoborneol from treated soil increased with increasing particle size of the substrate and could be reduced by covering the soil surface.

Industry Uses:
Fragrance Ingredients
Odor agents
Odor agents
Other (specify)

Consumer Uses:
Air care products
Cleaning and furnishing care products
Laundry and dishwashing products
Non-TSCA use
Personal care products
Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere
Fragrance
Odor agents

Solubility of Isoborneol:
Insoluble in water.
Soluble in dipropylene glycol, ethyl alcohol (1gm. in 2ml. 70% alcohol).

Preparation of Isoborneol:
Isoborneol is synthesized commercially by hydrolysis of isobornyl acetate.
The latter is obtained from treatment of camphene with acetic acid in the presence of a strong acid catalyst.

Isoborneol can also be produced by reduction of camphor.

Isoborneol derivatives as chiral ligands:
Derivatives of isoborneol are used as ligands in asymmetric synthesis.

(2S)-(−)-3-exo-(morpholino)isoborneol or MIB with a morpholine substituent in the α-hydroxyl position.
(2S)-(−)-3-exo-(dimethylamino)isoborneol or DAI with a dimethylamino substituent in the α-hydroxyl position

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion of Isoborneol:
The percutaneous absorptions of camphene, isoborneol-acetate, limonene, menthol and alpha-pinene as constituents of a foam bath (Pinimenthol) were measured on animals using radioactively labeled ingredients.
Pharmacokinetic measurements showed maximum blood levels for all tested ingredients 10 min after the onset of percutaneous absorption.

None of the ingredients was preferentially absorbed.
Blood levels of all ingredients after 10 min of percutaneous absorption were a direct function of the size of the skin area involved.

Manufacturing Methods of Isoborneol:
By hydrolysis of isobornyl acetate, or by catalytic reduction of camphor (both d- and l-isomers); the optically inactive compound can be prepared by treating camphene with 1:1 mixture of sulfuric acid and glacial acetic acid and then hydrolyzing the isobornyl acetate.

General Manufacturing Information of Isoborneol:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing

Analytic Laboratory Methods of Isoborneol:

Method: USGS-NWQL O-1433-01; Procedure: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Analyte: isoborneol.
Matrix: filtered wastewater and natural-water samples.
Detection Limit: 0.11 ug/L.

Method: USGS-NWQL O-4433-06.
Procedure: continuous liquid-liquid extractor with gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection.
Analyte: isoborneol.
Matrix: whole wastewater and environmental water samples.
Detection Limit: 0.05 ug/L.

Gas chromatography (GC)-NMR method is described for detecting isoborneol in commercial borneol preparations.

Isoborneol detected by chromatographic analysis with previous absorption.
Determination was made by internal reference method with naphthalene as reference.

Resolution of chiral compounds has played an important role in the pharmaceutical field, involving detailed studies of pharmacokinetics, physiological, toxicological, and metabolic activities of enantiomers.
Herein, a reliable method by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with an optical rotation detector was developed to separate isoborneol enantiomers.

A cellulose tris(3, 5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-coated chiral stationary phase showed the best separation performance for isoborneol enantiomers in the normal phase among four polysaccharide chiral packings.
The effects of alcoholic modifiers and column temperature were studied in detail.

Resolution of the isoborneol racemate displayed a downward trend along with an increase in the content of ethanol and column temperature, indicating that less ethanol in the mobile phase and lower temperature were favorable to this process.
Moreover, two isoborneol enantiomers were obtained via a semipreparative chiral HPLC technique under optimum conditions, and further characterized by analytical HPLC, and experimental and calculated vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy, respectively.

The solution VCD spectrum of the first-eluted component was consistent with the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculated pattern based on the SSS configuration, indicating that this enantiomer should be (1S, 2S, 4S)-(+)-isoborneol.
Briefly, these results have provided reliable information to establish a method for analysis, preparative separation, and absolute configuration of chiral compounds without typical chromophoric groups.

Handling and Storage of Isoborneol:

Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep in a dry place.

Storage of Isoborneol:
Avoid contact with light
Keep separated from incompatible substances

Store and handle in accordance with all current regulations and standards
Store in a cool, dry place
Store in a tightly closed container

Fire Fighting of Isoborneol:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Further information:
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Accidental Release Measures of Isoborneol:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid dust formation.

Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Remove all sources of ignition.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Avoid breathing dust.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let Isoborneol enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Sweep up and shovel.
Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wetbrushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Contain spillage, pick up with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and transfer to a container for disposal according to local regulations.

Disposal Methods of Isoborneol:
Recycle any unused portion of Isoborneol for its approved use or return Isoborneol to the manufacturer or supplier.

Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider:
Isoborneol's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
If Isoborneol is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as Isoborneol is highly flammable.
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of Isoborneol.

Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused Isoborneol.

Identifiers of Isoborneol:
CAS Number:
+: 16725-71-6 d
-: 10334-13-1
rac: 124-76-5

ChEBI +: CHEBI:191949

ChEMBL:
+: ChEMBL4294644
-: ChEMBL3560760

ChemSpider:
+: 16739225
-: 4882019

PubChem CID:
+: 6973640
-: 6321405

UNII:
+: 8GDX32M6KF
-: 20U67Z994U
rac: L88RA8N5EG

UN number: 1312
InChI +: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7-8,11H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t7-,8-,10+/m0/s1

Key:
DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-OYNCUSHFSA-N
Key -: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7-8,11H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t7-,8-,10+/m1/s1

Key: DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-MRTMQBJTSA-N

SMILES:
+: C[C@]12CC[C@H](C1(C)C)C[C@@H]2O
-: C[C@@]12CC[C@@H](C1(C)C)C[C@H]2O
rac: CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C10H18O
CAS Number: 124-76-5
Molecular Weight: 154.25
EC Number: 204-712-4
MDL number: MFCD00074821
PubChem Substance ID: 24895930
NACRES: NA.22

CAS: 124-76-5
Molecular Formula: C10H18O
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 154.253
MDL Number: MFCD00074821
InChI Key: DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-SZBHIRRCSA-N
Synonym: dl-isoborneol
PubChem CID: 126961757
IUPAC Name: (1R,3R)-4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-ol
SMILES: CC1(C2CCC1(C(C2)O)C)C

Properties of Isoborneol:
Chemical formula: C10H18O
Molar mass: 154.253 g·mol−1
Appearance: white or colorless solid
Melting point: 212–214 °C (414–417 °F; 485–487 K) + or -; 210–215 °C for rac

Quality Level: 100
Assay: 95%
mp: 212-214 °C (subl.) (lit.)
SMILES string: [H][C@@]12CC[C@@](C)([C@H](O)C1)C2(C)C
InChI: 1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7-8,11H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t7-,8-,10+/m1/s1
InChI key: DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-MRTMQBJTSA-N

Formula: C10H18O
Purity: >70.0%(GC)
Color/Form: White to Almost white powder to crystal
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7-8,11H,4-6H2,1-3H3
InChI key: InChIKey=DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC1(C)C2CCC1(C)C(O)C2
MDL: MFCD00066426
Melting point: 201 °C
Flash point: 201 °C
HS code: 2906190090

Molecular Weight: 154.25 g/mol
XLogP3: 2.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 154.135765193 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 154.135765193 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 11
Complexity: 185
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 3
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Isoborneol:
Melting Point: ∼210°C (sublimation)
Flash Point: 74°C (165°F)
Odor: Strong
Quantity: 25 g
UN Number: UN1325
Beilstein: 4126091
Merck Index: 14,5128
Formula Weight: 154.25
Percent Purity: 95%
Chemical Name or Material: (±)-Isoborneol

Names of Isoborneol:

IUPAC name:
(1S,2S,4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-ol, (1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-ol

Synonyms of Isoborneol:
Isoborneol
(-)-Isoborneol
124-76-5
DL-Isoborneol
Isocamphol
L-Isoborneol
Isobornyl alcohol
(-)-(2R)-Isoborneol
Isoborneol, (-)-
2-exo-Bornyl alcohol
10334-13-1
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)-rel-
(-)-Bornan-2-exo-ol
FEMA No. 2158
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
Isoborneol (1R,2R,4R)-form [MI]
L88RA8N5EG
Exoborneol
DTXSID2042060
exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
NSC 26350
20U67Z994U
exo-2-Hydroxy-1,7,7-trimethylnorbornane
Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)-
(1R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2alpha-ol
Isoborneol, DL-
Isobomeol
Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)-rel-
2-Bornanol, exo-
2-Camphanol, exo-
exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol
507-70-0
UNII-L88RA8N5EG
Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, exo-
b-Camphol
NSC-26350
UNII-20U67Z994U
HSDB 2843
EINECS 204-712-4
Isoborneol, 95%
BRN 4126091
ISOBORNEOL,DL-
ISOBORNEOL [MI]
AI3-14113
ISOBORNEOL [FCC]
ISOBORNEOL [FHFI]
ISOBORNEOL [HSDB]
Isoborneol, >=95%, FG
SCHEMBL115722
1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol, exo-
Isoborneol, analytical standard
ISOBORNEOL,(+/-)-
CHEMBL3560760
DTXCID0022060
FEMA 2158?
HY-N2004
Tox21_301645
MFCD00074821
AKOS028109482
NCGC00255879-01
BS-43851
CAS-124-76-5
CS-0018324
EN300-179986
EN300-760916
A828291
J-005169
Q15644616
(1R,3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanol
(1R,3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-ol
rac-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
(1R*,2R*,4R*)-1,7,7-Trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
(-)-Isoborneol
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Triméthylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
10334-13-1 [RN]
124-76-5 [RN]
Bicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)-rel-
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)- [ACD/Index Name]
exo-2-Borneol
exo-borneol
ISOBORNEOL [Wiki]
ISOBORNEOL, (-)-
(+)-Isoborneol
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethyl-2-norbornanol
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylnorbornan-2-ol
(1R,2R,4R)-Isoborneol
(1R,2R,4R)-rel-1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
(1R,3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-ol
(1R,4R,6R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-6-ol
1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
10385-78-1 [RN]
507-70-0 [RN]
874571-72-9 [RN]
b-Camphol
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)-rel-
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol,1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R,2R,4R)-rel-
exo-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)-2-heptanol
exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-ol
exo-2-Bornanol
exo-2-Camphanol
iso-Camphol
Isocamphol
MFCD18086994 [MDL number]
missing
rac-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol

ISOBORNYL ACETATE, N° CAS : 125-12-2, Nom INCI : ISOBORNYL ACETATE, Nom chimique : Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol,1,7,7-trimethyl-, acetate, exo-, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-727-6, Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit. Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques. Noms français : 1,7,7-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTAN-2-OL ACETATE; ACETATE D'ISOBORNYLE; BICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTAN-2-OL, 1,7,7-TRIMETHYL-, ACETATE, EXO-; ESTER ISOBORNYLIQUE DE ; L'ACIDE ACETIQUE. Noms anglais : ACETIC ACID, ISOBORNYL ESTER; BORNEOL ACETATE; ISOBORNEOL, ACETATE; ISOBORNYL ACETATE. Utilisation et sources d'émission : Fabrication de produits pharmaceutiques, agent de saveur

Isobornyl Acetate Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) readily hydrolyzes (within hours) to isobornyl alcohol during the first step of its biochemical pathway. The alcohol will become conjugated with glucoronic acid and be excreted in the urine (expected within hours to days). IDENTIFICATION: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a colorless to straw-colored liquid. It has an odor like pine needles. It is not very soluble in water. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a natural component in many plants. USE: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is an important commercial chemical. It is used in perfuming soaps, air fresheners and in making camphor. It is also used as a flavoring ingredient. EXPOSURE: Workers that use Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may breathe in vapors or have direct skin contact. The general population may be exposed by vapors, dermal contact and consumption of food flavored with Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate). If Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is released to the environment, it will be broken down in air. It is not expected to be broken down by sunlight. It will move into air from moist soil and water surfaces. It is expected to move through soil. It will be broken down by microorganisms, and is expected to build up in fish. RISK: Allergic skin reactions were not observed in volunteers following direct skin exposure. Other data on the potential for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) to produce toxic effects in humans were not available. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a mild skin irritant in laboratory animals. Kidney and liver damage and changes in kidney function were reported in laboratory animals following repeated exposure to moderate-to-high oral doses of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) over time. No effects were reported at low doses. No evidence of infertility, abortion, or birth defects was reported in laboratory animals exposed to high oral doses of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) before and during pregancy. Data on the potential for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) to cause cancer in laboratory animals were not available. The potential for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) to cause cancer in humans has not been assessed by the U.S. EPA IRIS program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the U.S. National Toxicology Program 14th Report on Carcinogens. For Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 128875) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the USA, but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is used in large amounts for perfuming soap, bath products, and air fresheners. However, the major use of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is as an intermediate in the production of camphor. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is prepared from camphene and acetic acid in the presence of acidic catalysts (e.g., sulfuric acid), or on a styrene-divinylbenzene acid ion-exchanger. Residues of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops only. IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is used in soaps, detergents, creams and lotions and perfumes. HUMAN STUDIES: A maximization test was carried out on 25 volunteers. The material was tested at a concentration of 10% and produced no sensitization reactions. ANIMAL STUDIES: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) applied full strength to intact or abraded rabbit skin for 24 hr under occlusion was mildly irritating. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) was administered daily to rats in doses of 0, 15, 90 or 270 mg/kg bw for 13 wk. Male rats had signs of nephrotoxicity at 90 mg/kg and 270 mg/kg/day, as well as signs of hepatotoxicity at 270 mg/kg. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) was investigated in a 1-generation reproduction study in rats and it did not produce developmental toxicity. Increased incidences of excess salivation occurred in parent generation male and female rats at 100 and/or 300 mg/kg/d throughout the dosage period, and low incidences of urine-stained abdominal fur were seen in females at 300 mg/kg/d during the gestation period. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate)'s production and use in toilet waters, bath preparations, antiseptics, soaps, making synthetic camphor and as a flavoring agent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its use in compounding needle odors and theater sprays will result in its direct release to the environment. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is reported in a wide variety of herbs and other plants. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 50 hrs. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 420. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.5X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) has an estimated vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg and exists as a liquid under environmental conditions; therefore, Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may volatilize from dry soil. Using the OECD Biodegradability test, isoborneol acetate was biodegraded in 10 days, suggesting that biodegradation is an important environment fate process in soil or water. If released into water, Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 17 hrs and 9.5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 320 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process as indicated by estimated base-catalyzed second-order half-lives of 2.3 yrs and 84 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively. Occupational exposure to Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food, and dermal contact with consumer products containing Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is reported in a wide variety of herbs and other plants(1). It is a natural emmission from pine and fir trees(2). The compound is reported as occurring in thymus, Parmesan cheese, dill herb, Ocimum basilicum, rosemary and custard apple(3). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate)'s production and use in toilet waters, bath preparations, antiseptics, soaps, making synthetic camphor(1) and as a flavoring agent(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its use in compounding pine needle odors and theater sprays(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC). TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 420(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.5X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(2). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) has an estimated vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg(2) and exists as a liquid under environmental conditions; therefore, Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may volatilize from dry soil. Using the OECD Biodegradability test, isoborneol acetate was biodegraded in 10 days(3), suggesting that biodegradation is an important environment fate process in soil(SRC). ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate), which has an estimated vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 50 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.7X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). AEROBIC: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) was biodegraded in 10 days in the OECD Ready Biodegradability test. The compound was 29.0 and 99.8% removed in wastewater treat plants under primary gravitational settling and activated sludge treatement process, respectively(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.7X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 50 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.5X10-2 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(1); this corresponds to half-lives of 2.3 yrs and 84 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(1). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). An estimated BCF of 320 was calculated in fish for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate)(SRC), using a log Kow of 4.30(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) can be estimated to be 420(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is expected to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) readily hydrolyzes (within hours) to isobornyl alcohol during the first step of its biochemical pathway. The alcohol will become conjugated with glucoronic acid and be excreted in the urine (expected within hours to days). IDENTIFICATION: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a colorless to straw-colored liquid. It has an odor like pine needles. It is not very soluble in water. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a natural component in many plants. USE: Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is an important commercial chemical. It is used in perfuming soaps, air fresheners and in making camphor. It is also used as a flavoring ingredient. EXPOSURE: Workers that use Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may breathe in vapors or have direct skin contact. The general population may be exposed by vapors, dermal contact and consumption of food flavored with Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate). If Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is released to the environment, it will be broken down in air. It is not expected to be broken down by sunlight. It will move into air from moist soil and water surfaces. It is expected to move through soil. It will be broken down by microorganisms, and is expected to build up in fish. RISK: Allergic skin reactions were not observed in volunteers following direct skin exposure. Other data on the potential for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) to produce toxic effects in humans were not available. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a mild skin irritant in laboratory animals. Kidney and liver damage and changes in kidney function were reported in laboratory animals following repeated exposure to moderate-to-high oral doses of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) over time. No effects were reported at low doses. No evidence of infertility, abortion, or birth defects was reported in laboratory animals exposed to high oral doses of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) before and during pregancy. Data on the potential for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) to cause cancer in laboratory animals were not available. The potential for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) to cause cancer in humans has not been assessed by the U.S. EPA IRIS program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the U.S. National Toxicology Program 14th Report on Carcinogens. For Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 128875) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the USA, but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is used in large amounts for perfuming soap, bath products, and air fresheners. However, the major use of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is as an intermediate in the production of camphor. The Henry's Law constant for Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is estimated as 9.5X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) developed using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 17 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 9.5 days(SRC). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate)'s Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC).Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) has an estimated vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(13) and exists as a liquid under environmental conditions: therefore, Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may volatilize from dry soil(SRC). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) dissipated within one week when added along with 21 other fragrance materials to a Georgetown, DE anaerobically digested municipal sludge and applied to four soils (sandy agricultural loam, silty midwestern agrigultural loam, high organic carbon soil, and a highly weathered oxide-rich soil)(3). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) was reported at an average concentration of 5,130 ng/L in municipal wastewater influent and an average concentration of 24 ng/L in treated effluent, following a 3-day period in September 1997 at an activated sludge treatment plant in Loveland, OH. Influent and effluent average concentrations of 2,830 and 58 ng/L, respectively, when subjected to trickling filter wastewater treatment(1). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) was present in frankfurters in both 30% and 5% fat content samples analyzed(1). It was tested for but not detected in headspace volatiles from frankfurters(2). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) was detected not qunatified in emissions from pine-scented plug-in air fresheners(1). Occupational exposure to Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food, and dermal contact with consumer products containing Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate). Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is conifer herbal camphoraceous coniferous earthy pineneedle pine balsamic camphor aromatherapy lilac mens fougere needle woody lavender spruce citrus nutmeg ginger meat fruit-flavour. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) (an isomer of bornyl acetate) is a component of many essential oils, which was observed to be inhibitory to microorganisms. It was also shown to have sedative effect on mice after inhalation. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is mainly used in cosmetics as a flavor and fragrance agent. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) (IBCH, Sandenol) is an organic compound used primarily as a fragrance because of its aroma which is similar to sandalwood oil. Its chemical structure is closely related to that of both α-Santalol and β-Santalol,[3] which are the primary constituents of sandalwood oil. Sandalwood trees are endangered due to overharvesting,[4] leading to a high cost for the natural oil. IBCH is therefore produced as an economical alternative to the natural product. Applications of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is one of the most important chemicals used in the perfumery industry. It is used in toiletries and soaps as a flavoring agent and antiseptics. One of main applications is as an intermediate to produce camphor. Solubility of Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) Not miscible or difficult to mix with water. Isobornyl acetate (izobornil asetat, isobornyl acetate) is a kind of acetate ester. It can be manufactured through the esterification between acetate and camphene. It is a kind of flavoring agent with fragrance. It can be used as the intermediate needed for producing medical synthetic camphor.

1-Hydroxymethylpropane; Isopropylcarbinol; 2-Methyl-1-Propanol; Isobutyl alcohol; Isopropylcarbinol; Fermentation butyl alcohol; 1-Hydroxymethylpropane; 2-Methylpropanol; 2-Methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Methylpropanol-1; 2-Methylpropyl alcohol; Butanol-iso; Alcool isobutylique; Isobutylalkohol; cas no:78-83-1

HYPOPHOSPHORUS ACID; Phosphinic Acid; Acide phosphinique; Phosphinsäure; ácido fosfínico (Spanish); cas no: 6303-21-5

SynonymsE132;Was35;l-blau2;murabba;CI 73015;1311blue;Greell S;12070blue;acidbluew;c.i.75781 CAS No.860-22-0

ISOBUTYL PALMITATE, N° CAS : 110-34-9, Nom INCI : ISOBUTYL PALMITATE, Nom chimique : Isobutyl palmitate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-758-2. Ses fonctions (INCI). Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau.Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

cas no 110-19-0 Acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Acetic acid, isobutyl ester; beta-Methylpropyl ethanoate; 2-Methyl-1-propyl acetate; 2-Methylpropyl acetate; Acetate d'isobutyle (French); Isobutyl acetate; Isobutylester kyseliny octove (Czech);

1- amino-2-methyl propane 1- amino-2-methylpropane monoiso butyl amine iso butylamine 2- methyl propanamine 2- methyl propyl amine 2- methyl-1-aminopropane 2- methyl-1-propanamine 2- methyl-1-propylamine 3- methyl-2-propyl amine 2- methylpropan-1-amine 2- methylpropanamine 2- methylpropylamine 1- propanamine, 2-methyl- iso propylmethylamine valamineCAS Number: 78-81-9

Methylpentanol; MIBC; sec-Hexyl Alcohol; MAOH; 2-Methyl-4-pentanol; 4-methyl-2-pentanol; 4-Methylpentan-2-ol; Isobutylmethyl Carbinol; Methyl-2-pentanol; Methylamyl alcohol; Isobutylmethyl Methanol; cas no: 108-11-2

as no 543-27-1 Isobutyl chlorocarbonate; Isobutyl chloroformate; 2-Methylpropyl carbonochloridate; 2-Methylpropyl chloroformate; Chlorocarbonic acid isobutyl ester; Carbonochloridic acid 2-methylpropyl ester; Chloroformic acid isobutyl ester;

cas no 13361-31-4 Cyanoacetic Acid Isobutyl Ester; Isobutyl Cyanoethanoate; 2-Methylpropyl cyanoacetate; Acetic acid, cyano-, isobutyl ester;

cas no 97-85-8 2-Methylpropyl isobutyrate; Isobutyl isobutyrate; IBIB; 2-Methyl-1-propyl 2-methylpropanoate; 2-Methylpropyl 2-methylpropanoate; 2-Methylpropyl 2-methylpropionate; 2-Methylpropyl isobutyrate; Isobutyl 2-methylpropanoate; Isobutyl isobutanoate; Isobutylester kyseliny isomaselne; Isobutyric acid isobutyl ester; 2-mMthylpropanoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester;

cas no 97-86-9 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; iBMA; 2-methylpropyl methacrylate; 2-methylpropyl 2-methylpropenoate; 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-methylpropyl ester; Isobutylester kyseliny methakrylove; Methacrylate d'isobutyle;

ISOBUTYL SALICYLATE, N° CAS : 87-19-4, Nom INCI : ISOBUTYL SALICYLATE Nom chimique : 2-Methylpropyl 2-Hydroxybenzoate N° EINECS/ELINCS : 201-729-9 Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

ISOBUTYL STEARATE, N° CAS : 646-13-9, Nom INCI : ISOBUTYL STEARATE, Nom chimique : Isobutyl stearate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 211-466-1. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISOBUTYLPARABEN, N° CAS : 4247-02-3, Ses fonctions (INCI) Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes

Isobutyl stearate is an ester made of combination of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.
Isobutyl stearate are stearate esters that are oily liquids or waxy solids.
Isobutyl stearate has molecular weight of 340.592 g/mol.

CAS Number: 646-13-9
EC Number: 211-466-1
Molecular Formula: C22H44O2
Molecular Weight: 340.58

Isobutyl stearate is a natural product found in Aristolochia baetica, Aristolochia fontanesii, and Aristolochia paucinervis with data available.

Isobutyl stearate are stearate esters that are oily liquids or waxy solids.
Isobutyl stearate has molecular weight of 340.592 g/mol.

Isobutyl stearate is an ester made of combination of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.
Stearic acid is found in animal and vegetable fats.
Low viscosity and oily nature of stearate esters helps in the formation of non-greasy hydrophobic film when applied to lips or skin.

Isobutyl stearate esters are majorly used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Stearate esters primarily act as lubricants on the skin surface due to their oily or waxy property.

This gives skin a soft and smoothening appearance.
Isobutyl stearate content when applied on skin in form of skin cosmetics forms a thin coating.

Thus, isobutyl stearate acts as a skin conditioning agent.
Isobutyl stearate is used during the formulation of eye makeup, lipstick, and skin makeup.

Isobutyl stearate is used in other applications in metalworking and industrial segments due to Isobutyl stearate lubricant nature.
Rise in demand for personal care products and bio-lubricants in the metal working industry is one of the key drivers of the isobutyl stearate market.

Based on application, the isobutyl stearate market can be segmented into personal care & cosmetics, metal working, and industrial.
Personal care & cosmetics contributed significant share of the isobutyl stearate market in 2016.

Isobutyl stearate is likely to remain the dominant segment during the forecast period.
Rise in usage of bio-esters in formulation of personal care and cosmetics products and increase in usage of personal care & cosmetics products across the globe are the prominent factors expected to drive the isobutyl stearate market between 2017 and 2025.

The stearate esters (Butyl Stearate, Cetyl Stearate, Isocetyl Stearate, Isopropyl Stearate, Myristyl Stearate, Ethylhexyl Stearate, Isobutyl Stearate) are oily liquids or waxy solids.
Ethylhexyl Stearate may also be called Octyl Stearate.
In cosmetics and personal care products, stearate esters are used most frequently in the formulation of eye makeup, skin makeup, lipstick and skin care products.

Stearate esters act primarily as lubricants on the skin’s surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance.
Butyl Stearate also decreases the thickness of lipsticks, thereby lessening the drag on lips, and imparts water repelling characteristics to nail polishes.

Butyl Stearate and Isopropyl Stearate dry to form a thin coating on the skin.
Isocetyl Stearate can also be used to dissolve other substances, usually liquids.

Isobutyl stearates are stearate esters that are oily liquids or waxy solids.
Isobutyl stearate is known with many chemical names such as isobutyl ester, 2-methylpropyl ester, octadecanoic acid, and Kessco IBS.

Isobutyl stearate has molecular weight of 340.592 g/mol.
Isobutyl stearate is an ester made of combination of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.

Stearic acid is found in animal and vegetable fats.
Low viscosity and oily nature of stearate esters helps in the formation of non-greasy hydrophobic film when applied to lips or skin.

Isobutyl stearate esters are majorly used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Stearate esters primarily act as lubricants on the skin surface due to their oily or waxy property.

This gives skin a soft and smoothening appearance. Isobutyl stearate content when applied on skin in form of skin cosmetics forms a thin coating.
Thus, isobutyl stearate acts as a skin conditioning agent.

Isobutyl stearate is used during the formulation of eye makeup, lipstick, and skin makeup.
Isobutyl stearate is used in other applications in metalworking and industrial segments due to Isobutyl stearate lubricant nature.

Rise in demand for personal care products and bio-lubricants in the metal working industry is one of the key drivers of the isobutyl stearate market.
However, slow growth of metalworking fluid market which is one of the key applications of IBS and confined production of IBS in limited countries in Europe are the major restraints for the market.

Covid-19 Impact Analysis:
The coronavirus's unfavorable global effects are already evident, and they will have a big impact on the Isobutyl stearate in 2020.
The World Health Organization has declared a public health emergency after the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019.

The disease has spread to over 100 nations and resulted in massive deaths all across the world.
Exports & Imports, global manufacturing, tourism, and financial sectors have all been heavily damaged.

The downward pressure on the global economy, which had previously shown signs of improvement, has escalated once more.
The outbreak of the virus has added danger factors to the international economy's already sluggish development.

Many international groups have stated that the global economy is experiencing Isobutyl stearate most difficult moment since the financial crisis.
The lockdown has resulted in hampering the imports and exports of various goods.
Also, the uncertainty created in the market in the consumers’ buying pattern has resulted in hampering of the Isobutyl stearate.

Top Impacting Factors:
The global isobutyl stearate market is dependent on the supply & demand of end-use industries, and the raw materials.
Stearic acid is the main raw material, which is obtained from vegetable and animal fats, any fluctuations in the supply of steric acid have a direct effect on the isobutyl stearate manufacturers.
Also, the substitutes for isobutyl stearate are butyl stearate itself, which can also be used for the same application wherein isobutyl stearate is used and thus restricts the market to some extent.

The personal care and cosmetic manufacturers are the chief customers for isobutyl stearate chemical and their growth basically drives the isobutyl stearate consumption rate.
Further, the factors which indirectly supports the cosmetic & personal care manufacturers’ growth is the rising disposable income of individuals, urbanization & development of megacities, demographic trends, penetration of premiumization.

Market trends:
The increasing consumption in metalworking fluids and personal care industry drives the global Isobutyl stearate market.
Isobutyl stearate (IBS) is an ester which is primarily used in metalworking, personal care and other industrial activities.

Isobutyl stearate is a stearate ester which is available in both oily liquid and waxy solid forms.
Isobutyl stearate due to its less toxicity is widely preferred as an ingredient in personal care products.
Similarly, the use of esters in metal lubricating application has increased over the years due to Isobutyl stearate excellent lubricating properties.

Isobutyl stearate improves the lubricity of different metals like copper, steel and aluminum.
The demand for isobutyl stearate is expected to grow in the coming years, due to Isobutyl stearate increasing consumption in metalworking fluids and personal care industry.

Stearate esters have excellent lubricating properties and therefore preferred as metalworking lubricants.
These esters have a low viscosity and are also used in personal care products.

Rising demand for the market in the growing economies is a key driver for the market.
Continuous increase in online beauty spending, expansion of social networks, consumers' interest in new, different, and premium products, acceleration of urbanization worldwide, and growth of the upper-middle classes all over the world and especially in Asia, where consumers are both knowledgeable and enthusiastic about this segment, are some of the major factors that contribute to the steady growth of the cosmetics and personal care market.

Rising demand in various end-use industries like pharmaceuticals and textile is also expected to boost the market growth.
Isobutyl stearate is also used in topical pharmaceuticals.

The Asia-Pacific pharmaceutical market is the third-largest pharmaceutical market in the world after North America and Europe, owing to the size of the population, especially the older population, GDP per capita, health expenditures, and regulatory systems, among others.
In textile manufacturing, countries such as Vietnam, Bangladesh, China, India and Hong Kong stand out among the top 10 global manufacturers, hence, indicating regular demand for isobutyl stearate to be used as a lubricant for textile processing.

Uses of Isobutyl stearate:
Isobutyl stearate is used in waterproof coatings, polishes, face creams, rouges, ointments, soaps, inks, and lubricants.
Isobutyl stearate is also used in rubber manufacturing and in dye solutions.

Isobutyl stearate is used in waterproof coatings, polishes, face creams, rouges, ointments, soaps, rubber mfr, dye soln, inks, lubricants
Isobutyl stearate is used in cosmetics, inks, coatings, polishes

Construction and building materials:
Materials used for construction (e.g. flooring, tile, sinks, bathtubs, mirrors, wall materials/drywall, wall-to-wall carpets, insulation, playground surfaces).

Personal care:
Moisturizers, lotions, and creams for treating the face (excluding eye-specific products) such as emollient, flavouring, skin conditioning.

Industry Uses:
Finishing agents
Lubricants and lubricant additives

Consumer Uses:
Lubricants and lubricant additives

General Manufacturing Information of Isobutyl stearate:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing

Stability and Reactivity of Isobutyl stearate:

Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Hazardous Polymerization:
Will not occur under normal conditions.

Keep Away From:
Sources of ignition.

Handling and Storage
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Use with adequate ventilation.

Avoid breathing fumes.
Use normal personal hygiene and housekeeping.
Store in a cool dry area away from other incompatible

First Aid Measures of Isobutyl stearate:

Skin:
Immediately wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Eyes:
Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 mintues, holding eye lids apart.

Inhalation:
Remove to the fresh air.
If not breathing give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

Ingestion:
Wash out mouth with water.

On All of the Above:
Consult a physician if symptoms persist.

Fire Fighting Measures of Isobutyl stearate:
Flash Point: >170C
Flammable Limits: N/A

Extinguishing Media:
Use media that is appropriate to treat surrounding fire.
Water or foam may cause frothing.

Special Fire Fighting Procedures:
Use fire fighting procedure that is appropriate to treat surrounding fire.
All firefighters should use selfcontained breathing apparatus and full fire-fighting turn-out gear.

Auto Ignition Temperature:
N/A

Accidental Release Measures of Isobutyl stearate:
Isolate hazard area and deny entry to unnecessary or unprotected personnel.
Contain Spilled liquid with sand or earth.

Place in a disposal Container.
Avoid runnoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways.

Safety of Isobutyl stearate:

Storage class:
10 - 13 Other liquids and solids

WGK:
WGK 1 slightly hazardous to water

Identifiers of Isobutyl stearate:
CAS number: 646-13-9
EC number: 211-466-1
Hill Formula: C₂₂H₄₄O₂
Molar Mass: 340.58 g/mol
HS Code: 2915 70 50

CAS Number: 646-13-9
Chem/IUPAC Name: Isobutyl stearate
EINECS/ELINCS No: 211-466-1
COSING REF No: 34606

EC / List no.: 211-466-1
CAS no.: 646-13-9
Mol. formula: C22H44O2

Synonym(s): Isobutyl stearate
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C22H44O2
CAS Number: 646-13-9
Molecular Weight: 340.58
EC Index Number: 211-466-1

Properties of Isobutyl stearate:
Density: 0.85 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting Point: 28.9 °C

Quality Level: 200
Form: solid
mp: 28.9 °C
Density: 0.85 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Storage temp.: 2-30°C
InChI: 1S/C22H44O2/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-22(23)24-20-21(2)3/h21H,4-20H2,1-3H3
InChI key: ORFWYUFLWUWSFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Formula: C22H44O2
Molar Mass: 340.58
Density: 0.85 g/cm3 (20℃)
Melting Point: about 20°
Boling Point: 381.5°C
Flash Point: 187.7°C
Vapor Presure: 5.07E-06mmHg at 25°C
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Refractive Index: 1.4365 (estimate)

Molecular Weight: 340.6
XLogP3-AA: 9.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 19
Exact Mass: 340.334130642
Monoisotopic Mass: 340.334130642
Topological Polar Surface Area: 26.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 24
Complexity: 261
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Isobutyl stearate:
Saponification value: 170 - 179
Identity (IR): passes test

Names of Isobutyl stearate:

Regulatory process names:
Isobutyl stearate
isobutyl stearate

IUPAC names:
2-methylpropyl octadecanoate
2-methylpropyl oktadekanoát
isobutyl octadecanoate
ISOBUTYL STEARATE
Isobutyl stearate
isobutyl stearate
octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl
Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester

Other identifiers:
646-13-9

Synonyms of Isobutyl stearate:
ISOBUTYL STEARATE
646-13-9
2-Methylpropyl octadecanoate
Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Stearic acid, isobutyl ester
V8DPR6HNX3
Stearic acid isobutyl ester
isobutyl octadecanoate
HSDB 2177
EINECS 211-466-1
UNII-V8DPR6HNX3
BRN 1792857
Uniflex IBYS
Kessco IBS
Stearic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Kemester 5415
Octadecanoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester
Emerest 2324
Estol 1476
SCHEMBL33706
3-02-00-01017 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Isobutyl stearate, AldrichCPR
ISOBUTYL STEARATE [MI]
DTXSID9027285
ISOBUTYL STEARATE [HSDB]
ISOBUTYL STEARATE [INCI]
STL417837
ZINC95876441
AKOS015901564
FT-0696997
646I139
Q27291666
(2E)-3-(9-ETHYL-9H-CARBAZOL-3-YL)ACRYLICACID
isobutyl octadecanoate
2-methyl propyl octadecanoate
2-methylpropyl octadecanoate
octadecanoic acid 2-methyl propyl ester
octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
stearic acid 2-methyl propyl ester
stearic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
stearic acid, isobutyl ester
HSDB 2177
BRN 1792857
isobutyl stearate
ISOBUTYL STEARATE
Isobutyl stearate
ISOBUTYLOCTADECANOATE
OCTADECANOICACID,2-METHYL-
Stearic acid, isobutyl ester
2-Methylpropyl octadecanoate
stearic acid, isobutyl ester
Octadecanoic acid isobutyl ester
Stearic acid 2-methylpropyl ester
Stearic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
3-02-00-01017
211-466-1
646-13-9
Isobutyl stearate
Isobutylstearat
MFCD00072278
Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Stéarate d'isobutyle
2-Methylpropyl octadecanoate
3-02-00-01017
3-02-00-01017
EINECS 211-466-1
Emerest 2324
Estol 1476
isobutyl octadecanoate
iso-Butyl Stearate
Isobutylstearate
Kemester 5415
Kessco IBS
Octadecanoic acid
octadecanoic acid isobutyl ester
stearic acid isobutyl ester
Stearic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Stearic acid, isobutyl ester
Uniflex IBYS

DESCRIPTION:

Isobutyl Stearate is an ester of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.
Isobutyl stearates are stearate esters that are oily liquids or waxy solids.
Isobutyl stearate is known with many chemical names such as isobutyl ester, 2-methylpropyl ester, octadecanoic acid, and Kessco IBS.


CAS NUMBER: 646-13-9

EC NUMBER: 211-466-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C22H44O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 340.58



DESCRIPTION:

Isobutyl stearate has molecular weight of 340.592 g/mol.
Isobutyl Stearate is an ester made of combination of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.
Stearic acid is found in animal and vegetable fats.
Low viscosity and oily nature of Isobutyl Stearates helps in the formation of non-greasy hydrophobic film when applied to lips or skin.
Isobutyl Stearate is a versatile compound with various applications across different industries.

Isobutyl Stearate is commonly used as an emollient and thickening agent in cosmetics and personal care products.
Isobutyl Stearate is found in creams, lotions, moisturizers, sunscreens, lipsticks, and other skincare formulations.
Isobutyl Stearate's emollient properties help to soften and moisturize the skin, making it feel smooth and supple.
Isobutyl Stearate is used as a lubricant in metalworking processes and other industrial applications.

Isobutyl Stearate's low volatility and good lubricating properties make it suitable for reducing friction and enhancing the flow of materials.
Isobutyl Stearate is utilized in the formulation of coatings and inks to improve their spreadability, glossiness, and durability.
Isobutyl Stearate aids in the even application of coatings and contributes to the overall quality of the finished product.
In certain plastic and polymer formulations, Isobutyl Stearate acts as a plasticizer.

Isobutyl Stearate helps to increase the flexibility and workability of plastics, making them easier to process and shape.
Isobutyl Stearate finds use in various industrial applications, including the manufacturing of resins, waxes, and adhesives.
Isobutyl Stearate can improve the characteristics of these materials and contribute to their overall performance.
Isobutyl Stearate is occasionally used as a food additive.
Isobutyl Stearate may serve as a flavoring agent and a lubricant in certain food processing applications.

Isobutyl Stearate is an organic chemical compound derived from the esterification of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.
Isobutyl Stearate is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid with various industrial applications.
Isobutyl Stearate is a non-toxic and non-irritating substance, making it suitable for many cosmetic and personal care products.
Isobutyl Stearate is soluble in common organic solvents but slightly insoluble in water.
Isobutyl Stearate is commonly used as an emollient and thickening agent in cosmetics and personal care products.

Isobutyl Stearate helps to improve the texture of creams, lotions, and various skincare products, providing a smooth and luxurious feel on the skin.
Due to its low volatility and good lubricating properties, Isobutyl Stearate finds applications as a lubricant in various industries, particularly in metalworking processes.
Isobutyl Stearate can be used as a plasticizer in certain polymer and plastic formulations to improve flexibility and workability.
Isobutyl Stearate is also used in industrial applications such as in the manufacturing of resins, waxes, and adhesives.

Isobutyl stearate esters are majorly used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Stearate esters primarily act as lubricants on the skin surface due to their oily or waxy property.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Isobutyl Stearates are used most frequently in the formulation of eye makeup, skin makeup, lipstick and skin care products.
Isobutyl Stearates act primarily as lubricants on the skin’s surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance.
Isobutyl Stearate also decreases the thickness of lipsticks, thereby lessening the drag on lips, and imparts water repelling characteristics to nail polishes.

Isobutyl Stearate dry to form a thin coating on the skin.
Isobutyl Stearate can also be used to dissolve other substances, usually liquids.
Isobutyl stearates are stearate esters that are oily liquids or waxy solids.
Isobutyl stearate is known with many chemical names such as isobutyl ester.
Isobutyl stearate has molecular weight of 340.592 g/mol.

Isobutyl Stearate is an ester made of combination of isobutyl alcohol and stearic acid.
Isobutyl Stearate is found in animal and vegetable fats.
Low viscosity and oily nature of Isobutyl Stearates helps in the formation of non-greasy hydrophobic film when applied to lips or skin.
Isobutyl stearate esters are majorly used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Isobutyl Stearates primarily act as lubricants on the skin surface due to their oily or waxy property.

This gives skin a soft and smoothening appearance.
Isobutyl stearate content when applied on skin in form of skin cosmetics forms a thin coating.
Thus, isobutyl stearate acts as a skin conditioning agent.
Isobutyl Stearate is used during the formulation of eye makeup, lipstick, and skin makeup.
Isobutyl stearate is used in other applications in metalworking and industrial segments due to its lubricant nature.
Isobutyl Stearate is comprised of Isobutyl Stearate, It is an emollient used in nail polish remover, perfume fixative, and hair spray.

Isobutyl stearate a chemical belonging to stearate esters family which is primarily used in the personal care products as a lubricants.
Isobutyl stearate is primarily used into cosmetics and personal care products during the formulation of eye makeup, skin makeup, lipstick and skin care products, apart from these it also finds is its applications into metal working.
This gives skin a soft and smoothening appearance.
Isobutyl stearate content when applied on skin in form of skin cosmetics forms a thin coating.

Thus, isobutyl stearate acts as a skin conditioning agent.
Isobutyl Stearate is used during the formulation of eye makeup, lipstick, and skin makeup.
Isobutyl stearate is used in other applications in metalworking and industrial segments due to its lubricant nature.
Rise in demand for personal care products and bio-lubricants in the metal working industry is one of the key drivers of the isobutyl stearate market.
Isobutyl Stearates act primarily as lubricants on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance.
Isobutyl Stearate dry to form a thin coating on the skin.



USAGE AREAS:

-Personal Care
-Metal Working
-Plastic Processing
-Others
-skin conditioning
-skin conditioning - emollient



USAGE AREAS:

-Used as chemical intermediates, lubricants, mineral oils, cutting oils, laminated oils, etc.
-Used as a base in cold rolling of iron
-Used as a lubricant additive in the field of metal processing
-Isobutyl Stearate can also be used as an additive in inks and coatings to enhance fluidity and abrasion resistance.



APPLICATION:

-Lubricants
-Cosmetics
-Coatings
-Polishes
-Waterproof coatings
-face creams
-rouges
-ointments
-soaps
-rubber manufacture
-dye solutions
-inks



FUNCTION:

-Re-Fatting Agent
-Fixative
-Conditioner
-Emollient



PROPERTIES:

-Quality Level: 200
-form: solid
-mp: 28.9 °C
-density: 0.85 g/cm3 at 20 °C
-storage temp.: 2-30°C
-InChI:1S/C22H44O2/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-22(23)24-20-2 (2)3/h21H,4-20H2,1-3H3
-InChI key: ORFWYUFLWUWSFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N



TYPICAL PROPERTIES:

-Appearance: Clear light amber liquid
-Color, Gardner/ASTM: 2/1.0 max
-Density, kg/L: 0.87
-Acidity(mg KOH/g): 2.0 max
-Water,%: 0.1 max
-Iodine value,iodine value: 0.5
-Light ends,%: 0.025 max



SPECIFICATION:

-Molecular Weight: 340.6 g/mol
-XLogP3-AA: 9.9
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
-Rotatable Bond Count: 19
-Exact Mass: 340.334130642 g/mol
-Monoisotopic Mass: 340.334130642 g/mol
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 26.3Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 24
-Complexity: 261
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



PRODUCT INFORMATION:

-Systematic Name: Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
-CAS Number: 646-13-9
-Molecular Weight: 340.59
-Molecular Formula: C22H44O2



PRODUCT INFORMATION:

-CAS number: 646-13-9
-EC number: 211-466-1
-Hill Formula: C₂₂H₄₄O₂
-Molar Mass: 340.58 g/mol
-Density: 0.85 g/cm3 (20 °C)
-Melting Point: 28.9 °C
-Saponification value: 170 - 179
-Identity (IR): passes test



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Melting point: about 20°
-Boiling point: 381.5°C
-density: 0.85 g/cm3 (20℃)
-refractive index: 1.4365 (estimate)
-storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
-Odor: at 100.00?%. mild fatty
-LogP: 9.800 (est)



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Appearance: colorless waxy oily solid (est)
-Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
-Specific Gravity: 0.85000 to 0.85400 @ 25.00 °C.
-Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.073 to 7.106
-Refractive Index: 1.44100 at 25.00 °C.
-Melting Point: 28.90 °C. at 760.00 mm Hg
-Boiling Point: 200.00 °C. at 4.00 mm Hg
-Acid Value: 1.00 max. KOH/g
-Saponification Value: 170.00 to 180.00
-Vapor Pressure: 0.000020 mmHg at 25.00 °C. (est)
-Flash Point: > 212.00 °F. TCC ( > 100.00 °C. )
-logP (o/w): 9.800 (est)



SOLUBILITY:

-alcohol
-fixed oils
-mineral oil
-water, 4.21e-005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)



PROPERTIES:

-Melting Point: 20°C
-Density: 0.861 g/cm3
-Refractive Index: 1.447



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Exact Mass: 340.334130642
-Monoisotopic Mass: 340.334130642
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 26.3 Ų
-Physical State: Liquid
-Boiling Point: 381.5 °C
-Melting Point: 20 °C
-Solubility: Very soluble in ether
-Density: 0.85 g/cm³ at 20 °C(lit.)
-SMILES: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(C)C



FUNCTION:

-Emollient: Softens and softens the skin
-Skin conditioning agent: Keeps the skin in good condition



STORAGE:

Storage Store below +30°C.
Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder.
Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals.
Secure and label area.
Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage.



SYNONYM:

646-13-9
2-Methylpropyl octadecanoate
Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Stearic acid, isobutyl ester
isobutyl octadecanoate
HSDB 2177
EINECS 211-466-1
UNII-V8DPR6HNX3
V8DPR6HNX3
Stearic acid isobutyl ester
BRN 1792857
Stearic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester
Octadecanoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester
3-02-00-01017 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Uniflex IBYS
Kessco IBS
Kemester 5415
Emerest 2324
Estol 1476
SCHEMBL33706
Isobutyl stearate, AldrichCPR
ISOBUTYL STEARATE [MI]
DTXSID9027285
ISOBUTYL STEARATE [HSDB]
ISOBUTYL STEARATE [INCI]
ORFWYUFLWUWSFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
STL417837
AKOS015901564
LS-146681
FT-0696997
Q27291666
(2E)-3-(9-ETHYL-9H-CARBAZOL-3-YL)ACRYLICACID
Octadecanoic acid, isobutyl ester (Stearic acid, isobutyl ester; Isobutyl stearate)



IUPAC NAME:

2-methylpropyl octadecanoate
2-methylpropyl oktadekanoát
isobutyl octadecanoate
ISOBUTYL STEARATE
Isobutyl stearate
isobutyl stearate
octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl
Octadecanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester

ISOCETYL ALCOHOL, N° CAS : 36311-34-9. Nom INCI : ISOCETYL ALCOHOL, Nom chimique : Isohexadecanol. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 252-964-9. Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau.Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques

FERRIC SULFATE Iron(III) sulfate Iron persulfate Iron tersulfate Diiron tris(sulphate) Diiron trisulfate Ferric persulfate Ferric tersulfate Iron sesquisulfate Ferric sesquisulfate Iron(3+) sulfate Sulfuric acid, iron(3+) salt (3:2) Coquimbite mineral Iron sulfate (2:3) Iron sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) Iron(3+) sulfate, (2:3) Ferricsulfate Sulfuric acid, iron(3+) salt Iron-S-hydrate iron(III)sulphate Ferric sulfate (USP) Sulfuric acid,iron salt iron(III) sulfate(VI) CAS: 10028-22-5

2-propenoic acid, (1S,4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl ester; acrylic acid isobornyl ester; 2- propenoic acid, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl ester, exo- cas no : 5888-33-5

ISOCETYL BEHENATE, N° CAS : 94247-28-6. Nom INCI : ISOCETYL BEHENATE. Nom chimique : Isohexadecyl docosanoate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 304-205-9. Ses fonctions (INCI). Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISOCETYL MYRISTATE, N° CAS : 83708-66-1, Nom INCI : ISOCETYL MYRISTATE, Nom chimique : Tetradecanoic acid, isohexadecy ester.Ses fonctions (INCI) : Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISODECYL ISONONANOATE, N° CAS : 59231-35-5 / 41395-89-5, Nom INCI : ISODECYL ISONONANOATE, Nom chimique : Isodecyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 261-674-1, Ses fonctions (INCI).Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface. Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau.Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) IUPAC Name 14-methylpentadecyl hexadecanoate ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) InChI InChI=1S/C32H64O2/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-14-17-20-23-26-29-32(33)34-30-27-24-21-18-15-12-13-16-19-22-25-28-31(2)3/h31H,4-30H2,1-3H3 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) InChI Key OUZOBPPZPCBJAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Canonical SMILES CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Molecular Formula C32H64O2 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) CAS 127770-27-8 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) UNII 355356620Z ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) DSSTox Substance ID DTXSID2074584 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Related Compounds Similar Compounds 5,069 Records ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Related Substances Same 18 Records ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Use Classification Cosmetics -> Emollient; Skin conditioning ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Molecular Weight 480.8 g/mol ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) XLogP3-AA 14.9 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Rotatable Bond Count 29 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Exact Mass 480.490631 g/mol ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Monoisotopic Mass 480.490631 g/mol ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Topological Polar Surface Area 26.3 Ų ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Heavy Atom Count 34 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Formal Charge 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Complexity 391 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Isotope Atom Count 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) Compound Is Canonicalized Yes ISOCETYL PALMITATE Properties Palmitic acid, or ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms.Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D is 16:0. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Palmitic acid can also be found in meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products. Palmitates are the salts and esters of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat). The palmitate anion is the observed form of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) at physiologic pH (7.4).Aluminium salts of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) and naphthenic acid were combined during World War II to produce napalm. The word "napalm" is derived from the words naphthenic acid and ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat).Palmitic acid was discovered by Edmond Frémy in 1840, in saponified palm oil.This remains the primary industrial route for its production, with the triglycerides (fats) in palm oil being hydrolysed by high temperature water (above 200 °C or 390 °F), and the resulting mixture fractionally distilled to give the pure product.Palmitic acid is naturally produced by a wide range of other plants and organisms, typically at low levels. It is naturally present in butter, cheese, milk, and meat, as well as cocoa butter, soybean oil, and sunflower oil. Karukas contain 44.90% ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat).The cetyl ester of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) (cetyl palmitate) occurs in spermaceti.Excess carbohydrates in the body are converted to ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat). Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during fatty acid synthesis and is the precursor to longer fatty acids. As a consequence, ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) is a major body component of animals. In humans, one analysis found it to make up 21–30% (molar) of human depot fat, and it is a major, but highly variable, lipid component of human breast milk. Palmitate negatively feeds back on acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which is responsible for converting acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which in turn is used to add to the growing acyl chain, thus preventing further palmitate generation.In biology, some proteins are modified by the addition of a palmitoyl group in a process known as palmitoylation. Palmitoylation is important for membrane localisation of many proteins.Palmitic acid is used to produce soaps, cosmetics, and industrial mold release agents. These applications use sodium palmitate, which is commonly obtained by saponification of palm oil. To this end, palm oil, rendered from palm tree (species Elaeis guineensis), is treated with sodium hydroxide (in the form of caustic soda or lye), which causes hydrolysis of the ester groups, yielding glycerol and sodium palmitate.Because it is inexpensive and adds texture and "mouth feel" to processed foods (convenience food), ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) and its sodium salt find wide use in foodstuffs. Sodium palmitate is permitted as a natural additive in organic products.The aluminium salt is used as a thickening agent of napalm used in military actions.Hydrogenation of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) yields cetyl alcohol, which is used to produce detergents and cosmetics.Recently, a long-acting antipsychotic medication, paliperidone palmitate (marketed as INVEGA Sustenna), used in the treatment of schizophrenia, has been synthesized using the oily palmitate ester as a long-acting release carrier medium when injected intramuscularly. The underlying method of drug delivery is similar to that used with decanoic acid to deliver long-acting depot medication, in particular, neuroleptics such as haloperidol decanoate.According to the World Health Organization, evidence is "convincing" that consumption of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease,based on studies indicating that it may increase LDL levels in the blood. Retinyl palmitate is a source of vitamin A added to low-fat milk to replace the vitamin content lost through the removal of milk fat. Palmitate is attached to the alcohol form of vitamin A, retinol, to make vitamin A stable in milk.Treatment of commercially available 2-(decyl)dodecanoic acid or 2-(tetradecyl)ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) (37) in methanol in the presence of concd sulfuric acid gave the methyl ester 38 in a quantitative yield. In the essentially same way, 3-(nonyl)dodecanoic acid or 3-(tridecyl)ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) (40) gave the corresponding methyl esters 41 in almost quantitative yields. Reduction of the methyl esters with LiAlH4 in dry ether gave the corresponding alcohols 39 and 42 in good yields, respectively (Scheme 8).11The homologous series with n = 5 and m = 7 includes cis-9,10-methylene-hexadecanoic acid, and the homologous series with n = 5 and m = 9 includes lactobacillic acid (cis-11,12-methylene-octadecanoic acid). The homologous series with n = 7 and m = 6 includes dihydromalvalic acid (systematic name: 2-octyl-cyclopropaneheptanoic acid), and the homologous series with n = 7 and m = 7 includes dihydrosterculic acid (systematic name: cis-9,10-methylene-octadecanoic acid), see Fig. 6.Experimental Hf data (Table A3) in the range of n-heptanoic acid (nC= 7) and ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) (nC= 16) were used as the training set for deriving a QPPR of the form of Eq. 3 for the n-alkanoic acid series. The uncertainty level for the data ranges between <0.2% to <3%. The resultant parameter values obtained: B0= (3.461 ± 0.076) × 107 and B1= 1.005525 ± 0.026 with a correlation coefficient R2= 0.998967 and a randomly distributed residual plot (Fig. A3). As in the case of the n-mercaptans, the value of B1 is essentially 1.Essential oils are principal components of the leaves of fenugreek with main compounds as (2E)-hexenal (26.61%), ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) (10.14%) and (E)-β-ionone (7.99%) among others (Riasat et al., 2017). These fragrant molecules are however not the major constituent of the seeds and are not herein addressed as the pharmacologically relevant constituents. In one particular analysis study by Shahinuzzaman et al. (2015), the essential oil constituents of fenugreek seeds were shown to contain fatty acids as major components: decane, 5,6-bis(2,2-dimethylpropylidene)-, (E,Z)- (19.58%), ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat), methyl ester (18.81%) and dihydro methyl jasmonate (10.99%) (Table 17.1). Hence fatty acids and derivatives are the major essential oil components of fenugreek seeds.The content of essential oils of Centaurea species are characterized by the presence of sesquiterpenes skeleton (caryophyllene, eudesmol and germacrene); hydracarbons (tricosane, pentacosane and heptacosane); fatty acids (ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat), tetradecanoic acid, and dodecanoic acid) and monoterpenes (aspinene, terpinene and carvacrol).Common names of fatty acids are more often used than the IUPAC names (Table 31.1). The most common saturated fatty acids, palmitic and stearic acids, contain 16 and 18 carbon atoms, respectively. Their IUPAC names are ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) and octadecanoic acid, respectively.The aromatics and their derivatives such as benzene, methylbenzene, and phenol, fatty acids such as a ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat), nitrogen-containing compounds such as amines and amides, and other group alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones were oxygen-containing compounds.DL in ethanol-water cosolvent (EWCS) were more dispersive, and their relative content were lower than 10%, except for ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) ethyl ester with its relative content of 15.06%. Typically, the content of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) produced in HTL reached 17.27% but decreased to 9.79% in EWCS and 3.21% in pure ethanol, while the ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) ethyl ester content increased from 0% in HTL to 15.06% in EWCS, and then up to 38.4% in pure ethanol. Furthermore, the other ethyl esters such as 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, ethyl ester, (all-Z)- and ethyl linoleate were also higher in bio-oil from EWCS and pure ethanol. This indicated that the addition of ethanol into liquefaction system could serve as a substrate, reacting with acidic components like ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) and obtaining corresponding esters like ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) ethyl ester, which is known as etherification. Biswas et al. observed from GS-MS of Sargassum tenerrimum algae-derived bio-oil using water as a solvent for HTL at 280°C (STW280) were 3-pyridiol, p-hydroxybiphenyl, ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, stigmastan-3,5-diene, and hexadecanamide. For C2H5OH as the solvent (ST-E280) the main compounds were ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat)-ethyl ester, ethyl oleate, tetradecanoic acid-ethyl ester, and isosorbide. Hexadecanoic acid-methyl ester, methyl tetradecanoate, 8-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, and methyl hexadec-9-enoate were the compounds found in major concentrations in bio-oil obtained.This compound, composed of cyclic phosphate and cyclopropane-containing ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat), inhibited more than 80% of the affinity-purified calf thymus DNA polymerase α activity at a concentration of 10 μg/mL.Preparation of one diastereomer of cyclopropane-containing ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) (81) was summarized in Scheme 7, starting with enzymatic hydrolysis of meso diester (74).Palmitic Acid Palmitic acid (also known as ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat)) is a fatty acid that is found naturally in animals and plants and also can be created in laboratory settings. Palmitic acid is widely used in a variety of applications, including personal care products and cosmetics.Palmitic acid (ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat)) has been for long time negatively depicted for its putative detrimental health effects, shadowing its multiple crucial physiological activities. ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) is the most common saturated fatty acid accounting for 20–30% of total fatty acids in the human body and can be provided in the diet or synthesized endogenously via de novo lipogenesis (DNL). ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) tissue content seems to be controlled around a well-defined concentration, and changes in its intake do not influence significantly its tissue concentration because the exogenous source is counterbalanced by ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) endogenous biosynthesis. Particular physiopathological conditions and nutritional factors may strongly induce DNL, resulting in increased tissue content of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) and disrupted homeostatic control of its tissue concentration. The tight homeostatic control of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) tissue concentration is likely related to its fundamental physiological role to guarantee membrane physical properties but also to consent protein palmitoylation, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) biosynthesis, and in the lung an efficient surfactant activity. In order to maintain membrane phospholipids (PL) balance may be crucial an optimal intake of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) in a certain ratio with unsaturated fatty acids, especially PUFAs of both n-6 and n-3 families. However, in presence of other factors such as positive energy balance, excessive intake of carbohydrates (in particular mono and disaccharides), and a sedentary lifestyle, the mechanisms to maintain a steady state of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) concentration may be disrupted leading to an over accumulation of tissue ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) resulting in dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, increased ectopic fat accumulation and increased inflammatory tone via toll-like receptor 4. It is therefore likely that the controversial data on the association of dietary ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) with detrimental health effects, may be related to an excessive imbalance of dietary ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat)/PUFA ratio which, in certain physiopathological conditions, and in presence of an enhanced DNL, may further accelerate these deleterious effects.Palmitic acid (16:0, ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat)) is the most common saturated fatty acid found in the human body and can be provided in the diet or synthesized endogenously from other fatty acids, carbohydrates and amino acids.n average, a 70-kg man is made up of 3.5 Kg of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat). As the name suggests, ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) is a major component of palm oil (44% of total fats), but significant amounts of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) can also be found in meat and dairy products (50–60% of total fats), as well as cocoa butter (26%) and olive oil (8–20%). Furthermore, ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) is present in breast milk with 20–30% of total fats.The tight homeostatic control of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) tissue concentration is likely related to its fundamental physiological role in several biological functions. Particularly in infants ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) seems to play a crucial role as recently thoroughly revised by Innis (Innis, 2016). The disruption of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) homeostatic balance, implicated in different physiopathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, is often related to an uncontrolled ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) endogenous biosynthesis, irrespective of its dietary contribution.FA synthesis starts with citrate conversion to acetyl-CoA and then malonyl-CoA, which is then elongated to form palmitate and other FA. Key enzymes in this process are acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which catalyzes the DNL limiting step reaction, and the FA synthase (FAS). The main sources of citrate for DNL are glucose and glutamine-derived α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), especially under hypoxia or disruption of the mitochondrial oxidative machinery.Palmitic acid, or ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat), is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals, plants, and microorganisms.Palmitic acid is used to produce soaps, cosmetics, and industrial mould release agents.Palmitic acid is also used in the determination of water hardness and is a surfactant of Levovist, an intravenous ultrasonic contrast agent.Palmitic acid, or ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms.[9][10] Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D is 16:0. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Palmitic acid can also be found in meats, cheeses, butter, and other dairy products. Palmitates are the salts and esters of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat). The palmitate anion is the observed form of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) at physiologic pH (7.4).Aluminium salts of ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat) and naphthenic acid were combined during World War II to produce napalm. The word "napalm" is derived from the words naphthenic acid and ISOCETYL PALMITATE (İzosetil Palmitat).

ISODECYL PALMITATE,N° CAS : 59231-33-3 / 14779-95-4, Nom INCI : ISODECYL PALMITATE. Nom chimique : Isodecyl palmitate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 261-672-0. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISODECYL OLEATE Isodecyl Oleate What Is Isodecyl Oleate? Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate are made from decyl alcohol and oleic acid. Decyl Oleate is made from straight chained decyl alcohol, while Isodecyl Oleate is made from branched chain decyl alcohol. Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate are used in a variety of cosmetics and personal care products, including makeup, and skin and hair care products. Why is Isodecyl Oleate used in cosmetics and personal care products? Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate act as lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. These ingredients also form a thin film on the skin that is neither greasy nor tacky. The unique properties of Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate facilitate the application and removal of makeup. Scientific Facts: Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate are made from a naturally occurring fatty acid, oleic acid. Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate have good lubrication properties and possess low viscosity. Molecular Weight 422.7 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) XLogP3-AA 11.8 Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Rotatable Bond Count 24 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact Mass 422.412381 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic Mass 422.412381 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological Polar Surface Area 26.3 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Heavy Atom Count 30 Computed by PubChem Formal Charge 0 Computed by PubChem Complexity 373 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Isotope Atom Count 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 1 Computed by PubChem Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Computed by PubChem Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 Computed by PubChem Compound Is Canonicalized Yes CAS Number 3687-46-5 EINECS/ELINCS No: 222-981-6 COSING REF No: 75506 Chem/IUPAC Name: Decyl oleate What Is Decyl Oleate ? Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate are made from decyl alcohol and oleic acid. Decyl Oleate is made from straight chained decyl alcohol, while Isodecyl Oleate is made from branched chain decyl alcohol. Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate are used in a variety of cosmetics and personal care products, including makeup, and skin and hair care products. Why is Decyl Oleate used in cosmetics and personal care products? Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate act as lubricants on the skin surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. These ingredients also form a thin film on the skin that is neither greasy nor tacky. The unique properties of Decyl Oleate and Isodecyl Oleate facilitate the application and removal of makeup.Decyl oleate * Made from the naturally occurring fatty acid, oleic acid. Primarily used as a lubricant.Emollient, Skin conditioning It creates a thin, non-greasy film that gives the skin a smooth and soft appearance. It's frequently used used in products geared at removing makeup. You can find this ingredient in cosmetics such as facial moisturizer/lotion, anti-aging treatment, sunscreen, eye shadow, hand & foot cream, conditioner, aftershave and eye cream.Functions: Primarily used as a lubricant. It creates a thin, non-greasy film that gives the skin a smooth and soft appearance. It's frequently used used in products geared at removing makeup. You can find this ingredient in cosmetics such as facial moisturizer/lotion, anti-aging treatment, sunscreen, eye shadow, hand & foot cream, conditioner, aftershave and eye cream. Safety Measures/Side Effects: The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has assessed this ingredient as non-toxic and non-irritating, thus determining it as safe to use in cosmetic products. It has been shown to be comedogenic (clog the pores), and should be avoided by those with oily and acne prone skin types.Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate are esters of oleic acid. Decyl Oleate is used in cosmetic products at concentrations ranging from I 0.1 to > 50%. Isodecyl Oleate is used at concentrations of > 0.1-25%. Animal studies have shown both Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate to possess low acute oral toxicities in rats with LD50s of > 40 ml/kg, Single application dermal and eye studies with rabbits have shown these materials at 100% concentrations produce little or no irritation. Daily applications of 159b or 100% concentrations for 60 days to the skin of rabbits produced a moderate degree of irritation with both Decyl and lsodecyl Oleate. Neither of the ingredients was found to be a sensitizer when tested in guinea pigs at concentrations of 15%. Repeated insult patch tests containing 1-5'1'0 Decyl Oleate showed no signs of sensitization. Testing with formulations containing 5.5% Decyl Oleate produced a low number of reactions in 402 human subjects in the SchwartzPeck Prophetic Patch Test and 204 subjects with undiluted lsodecyl Oleate on nine subjects showed a total irritation score of 1 .O out of a maximum of 756. It is concluded that, because of both the chemical similarity of these compounds and the similarity of the available animal and human data, Decyl and lsodecyl Oleates warrant a conclusion of safe in the concentrations of present practices and use in cosmetics. ecyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate are esters of oleic acid. Formed by ester- D ification of oleic acid with decyl or isodecyl alcohol, they have the following structural formulas: Decyl Oleate- lsodecyl Oleate- CH3 (CH CH=CH(CH2) 7COOCH2 (CH2) 6CH (CH3) 27 Methyl Oleate is a compound chemically related to Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate. Its structural formula is as follows: CH3 (CH2) 7CH=CH (CH2) 7COOCH 3 The safety of methyl oleate is not under review in this report. Information and data pertaining to this compound are included to permit a more complete appraisal of the safety of Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate.Some of the chemical and physical properties of these esters are given in Reactivity Unsaturated fatty acids and their esters readily undergo aut~xidation.'~) Methyl oleate can serve as a model for autoxidation reactions which all the oleic acid esters exhibited. This compound undergoes autoxidation to give primarily trans-hydro peroxide^,'^) which are highly unstable and readily decompose to keto and hydroxy keto acids.(6) Some hydroperoxides have been found to possess carcinogenic potential.") Methyl oleate undergoes photochemical decomposition in direct sunlight and in the presence of oxygen to form the ozonide of methyl oleic acid.(*) The most important secondary products of autoxidation include alpha, beta-u nsatu rated carbonyl com pou nds.(5) Hemati n com pou nds, (') metals, (lo) and chlorinated hydrocarbon i nsecticides' ") accelerate the autoxidation reaction by shortening the induction period. Analytical Methods Methyl oleate can be generated in purities of 98% or better by repeated distillation with urea at a low temperature.('2) Analysis of this and related compounds is done by gas-liquid or thin-layer chromatography. The position of the double bond can be determined by von Rudolph's oxidation procedure. Infrared spectroscopy can be used to delineate cis-trans i~omers.('~-~~) Although gas-liquid chromatography remains the preferred routine analytical method for fatty acid ester mixtures, utilization of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is increasing; for the latter has the advantage of identifying polymerized and oxidized esters which the former does not dete. PURPOSE AND FREQUENCY OF USE IN COSMETICS Decyl and lsodecyl Oleates have been widely used in cosmetic products. When applied to the skin alone, they deposit a thin oily film that is neither greasy nor tacky. They have good lubrication properties and possess low viscosity.(") Both materials are used as dispersants and lubricants in cosmetic formulations, and these are particularly important in makeup and makeup removers, in which they are used as wetting agents for iron oxide pigments; particles of such pigment are dispersed and easily suspended. The use of these ingredients facilities the application and removal of a suspension. By virtue of its branched chain structure, lsodecyl Oleate possesses several distinct properties. It has the ability to lower the freezing point of the emulsion phase of products, as well as to control product viscosity. In dispersible bath oils, it forms a white emulsion, giving the tub water a rich and milky appearance. It also has the ability to suspend aluminum chlorohydrate, which makes it valuable for dry antiperspirant formulations. Lipstick formulations have employed lsodecyl Oleate because its coupling properties increase the hardness and strength of the product without reducing its flow characteristics. Table 2 indicates categories of product use and concentrations of use for Decyl and lsodecyl Oleate.('*) The cosmetic product formulation computer printout which is made available by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is compiled through voluntary filing of such data in accordance with Title 21 Part 720.4 of the Code of Federal Regulations (1979). Ingredients are listed in prescribed concentration ranges under specific product type categories. Since certain cosmetic ingredients are supplied by the manufacturer at less that 100% concentration, the value reported by the cosmetic formulator may not necessarily reflect the true, effective concentration found in the finished product; the effective concentration in such a case would be a fraction of that reported to the FDA. The fact that data are only submitted within the framework of preset concentration ranges also provides the opportunity for overestimation of the actual concentration of an ingredient in a particular product. An entry at the lowest end of a concentration range is considered the same as one entered at the highest end of that range, thus introducing the possibility of a two- to ten-fold error in the assumed ingredient concentration. The compounds are employed in a variety of cosmetics, including makeup preparations, skin care preparations, and eye-shadow. Concentrations of use range from 50.1 to > for Decyl Oleate and > 0.1-25% for I sod ec y I 0 leate. Products containing these two materials are applied with varying frequency to all areas of the skin. In such formulations as blushers and moisturizing creams, exposure may occur several times a day, while in other cases there may be daily (deodorants) or less frequent (rinses, hair conditioners) applications. This occasional or daily use may extend over a period of years. Animal Toxicology Decyl Oleate: This ingredient was administered to Wistar rats by intragastric intubation at dose levels of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 mllkg COSMETIC INGREDIENT REVIEW two female rats per dose The animals were fasted for 24 hours prior to dosing. All animals were observed daily for 14 days following administration and no deaths were recorded. The acute LD50 of undiluted Decyl Oleate was greater than 40.0 mllkg of body weight. Wistar-derived rats (groups of five male, five female) were dosed by gavage with either 5.0 glkg of undiluted Decyl Oleate or 5.0 glkg of 20 percent Decyl Oleate, 80% mineral The rats were fasted for 18 hours prior to dosing. The animals were observed for signs of pharmacologic activity and drug toxicity at 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours post-dosing, after which daily observations were made for a total of 14 days. One death was recorded for male animals in the diluted sample group, and one female died following treatment with the undiluted sample. No treatment-related effects were noted in any of the surviving animals. Examination of tissues of nons,urvivors and survivors at gross autopsy revealed no abnormalities. lsodecyl Oleate: This ingredient was administered to Wistar rats by intragastric intubation at dose levels of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 mllkg (two female and three male rats per dose The animals were fasted for 24 hours prior to dosing. One death was recorded at the highest dose level. The acute LD50 of undiluted Isodecyl Oleate was reported to be greater than 40.0 ml/kg of body weight. Dermal irritation Decyl Oleate: Drai~e'~~) and Federal Hazardous Substances Labeling Act(22) (FHSA) methods were used to conduct primary skin irritation studies. Test samples of Decyl Oleate (undiluted, 10 percent in corn oil and 20% in mineral oil) were applied (0.5 ml) to clipped areas of intact and abraded albino rabbits skin (six animals in each group). The abrasions were longitudinal, epidermal incisions sufficiently deep to penetrate the stratum corneum, but not so deep as to disturb the dermis. Following application of the test material, the exposed area was covered with a patch and the entire experimental area was sealed with impervious sheeting. The animals were immobilized for a 24-hour period. The mean scores for 24- and 72-hour gradings were averaged to determine final irritation values. The primary irritation index (PII) for undiluted Decyl Oleate was calculated to be 0.28.L25) Itwas also determined that Decyl Oleate had primary irritation indices of 0.08 as a 10 percent solution in corn oil(22) and 0.05 as a 20% solution in mineral A modified Draize method was used to conduct primary dermal irritation studies with undiluted and 15% Decyl Oleate diluted in polyoxyethylene sorbitan stearate (3%), a perservative (2%)) and water; the material was found to be nonirritating (Table 3).("j) ISODECYL OLEATE ISODECYL OLEATE is classified as : Emollient Skin conditioning CAS Number 59231-34-4 EINECS/ELINCS No: 261-673-6 COSING REF No: 34643 Chem/IUPAC Name: Isodecyl oleate Isodecyl Oleate Definition Isodecyl Oleate is a moisturizer that can also be found in cosmetics. As a moisturizer in our products, decyl oleate helps prevent a product or surface, like leather, from drying out by helping it retain moisture. This makes it softer and more pliable. Clinical Assessment of Safety Decyl Oleate: A human repeated insult patch test was conducted on 103 subjects with a skin conditioner containing 1-5% Decyl Oleate. Patches containing approximately 0.2 ml of undiluted sample were applied on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for three consecutive weeks. Fourteen days after the final insult patch, challenge patches containing the undiluted skin conditioner were applied, and results were graded 48 and 96 hours later. No evidence of sensitization was found; no information on irritation potential was Four formulations of a foundation containing Decyl Oleate (5.5%) were tested in the Schwartz-Peck Prophetic Patch Test and the Draize-Shelanski Repeated Insult Patch Test. "Virtually zero reactions occurred in 402 subjects in the Schwartz-Peck Test and 204 subjects in the Draize-Shelanski Test."(23) lsodecyl Oleate: A single insult (24-hour) occlusive patch test was conducted on 19 human subjects with undiluted lsodecyl Oleate. The test material did not elicit any erythematous reactions. A summary report of the study concluded that Isodecyl Oleate exhibits an acceptably low incidence of primary skin irritation under occlusive patch test According to an industry raw material evaluation, a procedure was undertaken with lsodecyl Oleate under the conditions of a Maibach-type Cumulative lrritancy Assay. When lsodecyl Oleate was applied undiluted under patch conditions to the skin of nine subjects for 21 consecutive days, it was found to have a total irritation score of 1 .O out of a maximum possible 756.(30) SUMMARY Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate are esters of oleic acid. Decyl Oleate is used in cosmetic products at concentrations ranging from 10.1 to >50°/o. lsodecyl Oleate is used at concentrations of > 0.1 -25%. Animal studies have shown Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate to possess low acute oral toxicities in rats; both have LD50s of > 40 mllkg. Single application dermal and eye studies with rabbits have shown that these materials in concentrations up to 100% produce little or no irritation. When 15% or 100°/o concentrations were applied to the skin of rabbits daily for 60 days, both Decyl Oleate and lsodecyl Oleate produced moderate degrees of irritation. Neither ingredient was found to be a sensitizer when it was tested in guinea pigs at concentrations of 15%. Repeated human insult patch tests on 103 subjects with a skin conditioner containing 1-5% Decyl Oleate showed no signs of sensitization. Industrial testing with formulations containing 5.5% Decyl Oleate produced a low number of reactions in 402 human subjects in the Schwartz-Peck Prophetic Patch Test and in 204 subjects in the Draize-Shelanski Patch Test. Repeated insult patch tests with undiluted Isodecyl Oleate on an unspecified number of human subjects showed a total irritation score of 1 .O out of a possible maximum of 756. A single insult occlusive patch test on 19 human subjects with undiluted lsodecyl Oleate produced a low level of primary skin irritation. No chronic, oral subchronic, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or teratogenicity animal testing data were available to the Panel. Nor were there any phototoxicity or photosensitization studies in humans.

ISODECYL STEARATE, N° CAS : 31565-38-5, Nom INCI : ISODECYL STEARATE, Nom chimique : Isodecyl stearate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 250-704-9,Ses fonctions (INCI) : Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ISOEUGENOL, N° CAS : 97-54-1 - Isoeugénol, Origine(s) : Naturelle, Synthétique, Autre langue : Isoeugenolo. Nom INCI : ISOEUGENOL, Nom chimique : Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)- ,N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-590-7. Noms français : Iso-Eugénol ; Méthoxy-2 (propènyl-1)-4 phénol. Noms anglais : Isoeugenol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-

Isododecane is a branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon with 12 carbons; used as a solvent.
Isododecane is a colorless liquid that is commonly found in many cosmetic, hair care, and skincare products.
Isododecane is a branched chain of twelve carbons and twenty-six hydrocarbons.


CAS Number: 31807-55-3 / 93685-81-5 / 13475-82-6
EC Number: 250-816-8 / 297-629-8 / 236-757-0
Chem/IUPAC Name: 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane
Molecular Formula : C12H26


Isododecane is a safe, non-irritating cosmetic-grade solvent and emollient with low viscosity, good volatility, spreadability, and drying time.
Isododecane is a synthetic aliphatic hydrocarbon with a branched structure.
Isododecane is a relatively inert, colorless, odorless ingredient suitable for almost all types of skin, hair, sun, and lip care preparations.


Thanks to good solubilizing properties, Isododecane is suitable for cleansing applications which eliminate oil, dirt, and impurities from the skin's surface and effectively remove decorative cosmetics.
Isododecane is compatible and completely soluble with silicones, hydrocarbons, isoparaffin, and mineral spirits.


Isododecane has a low density and low viscosity.
Isododecane is a colorless liquid that is commonly found in many cosmetic, hair care, and skincare products.
Isododecane is a branched chain of twelve carbons and twenty-six hydrocarbons.


Isododecane is a branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon with 12 carbons.
Isododecane is a hydrocarbon that is most often used as an emollient and solvent in skin care products.
Isododecane is an important raw material for various industries.


In the cosmetics and personal care industry Isododecane has several critical functions.
In addition to its qualities such as excellent spreadability and smoothness on the skin, Isododecane is an important alternative to cyclosiloxanes (D4 and D5), the use of which have been strictly regulated by the EU since 2020.


The chemical formula of Isododecane is C12H26.
It has long been made via petroleum resources but with increasing awareness, the industry is rapidly moving towards making plant-based and natural Isododecane.


This is achieved by converting starch and sugar residues and forestry waste into isobutene.
This isobutene is then converted into Isododecane.
Isododecane is a branched-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon with 12 carbon atoms.


Isododecane is colorless liquid with excellent spreadability.
Isododecane is not soluble in water but soluble in silicones, fats, and isoparaffins, etc.
Isododecane is derived from petroleum products.


Isododecane is a clear, colorless, viscous,synthetic liquid.
Isododecane's also free from dyes and preservatives.
Isododecane can be added to formulas as is, add to oil phase, use level 2-15%.


Isododecane is stable when kept in a closed container at a cool & dry place.
Isododecane is an ultra-lightweight Emollient.
Isododecane can quickly evaporate from the skin.


Does not clog pores Makes Isododecane not leave a sticky residue on the skin and is soluble in silicones, hydrocarbons, isoparaffin without soluble in water.
Isododecane can dissolve in silicones, hydrocarbons, isoparrafins.
Isododecane is a petroleum derived emollient of 12 carbons in length.


Isododecane is chemically similar to our naturally derived Undecane (C11) and Tridecane (C13) but rather than being a straight chained molecule, it is branched giving it slightly different spreading, solvating and evaporating qualities.
Isododecane belongs to a family of chemicals called Isoparaffins.
Isododecane enhances the spreadability of products and has a weightless feel on skin.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ISODODECANE:
Isododecane, mixture of isomer acts as a reaction medium used for polymerization reactions.
Isododecane is also useful as an emollient and solvent in skin care products due to its high spreadability, low viscosity and density.
Isododecane is commonly used in anti-aging serums and also useful in many different cosmetic items like eyeliner, hair care, hair sprays, perfume, conditioners and lotions.


Isododecane is synthetic hydrocarbon ingredient used as a solvent. Isododecane enhances the spreadability of products and has a weightless feel on skin.
All hydrocarbons used in cosmetics help prevent the evaporation of water from skin.
Among its many uses in beauty products, Isododecane’s not uncommon to see isododecane in long-wear lipsticks and foundations, where it helps minimize color transfer and lends itself to a lightweight, matte finish.


Isododecane is widely used in the cosmetic industry as a solvent for its emollient properties and because it evaporates quickly without leaving residues in the product.
For these features Isododecane is used to prepare the mixtures that, once dried, generate the end product (face powders, eye shadows, etc…)


Isododecane is recovered in liquid form and will be reused in the production process with the same purity as the virgin product.
The emitted stack air can be recirculated in the de siccator, by employing a close loop which brings considerable benefits in economic terms (saving on solvent purchase) and in environmental impact (in full compliance with regulations).


Isododecane has a long list of benefits in the cosmetic world.
This is the reason why Isododecane is present in every other cosmetic, skin care, and hair care product.
From being extremely lightweight to having a dry-touch finish, Isododecane is truly a magical ingredient.


Its popularity rises from the multiple benefits that Isododecane offers for the skin and hair.
Apart from trapping moisture, Isododecane helps in keeping the formulations soft and aids in easy gliding of the products.
Further, Isododecane results in a matte finish and gives a weightless feel to the skin and hair.


Isododecane is both a solvent and an emollient which, in short, means that it helps keep your skin hydrated and disperses other appearance-enhancing ingredients across the skin.
Isododecane is used as a solvent in the cosmetic industry since it carries silicones and pigments for makeup super well.


Isododecane’s used as an emollient for trapping moisture on the skin’s surface.
And since Isododecane goes on your skin, you should probably know more about isododecane besides what it does for aesthetics.
Chemically speaking, Isododecane is a colorless liquid hydrocarbon.


Isododecane is used in many common beauty, skin, and body care items to enhance the feel of them.
Isododecane also distributes hues and skin-plumping silicones to your face.
You’ll likely find Isododecane in a majority of your beauty products, including but not limited to moisturizer, creams, concealer, foundation, mascara, eyeliner, eyeshadow, lip gloss, lipstick, and more.


Isododecane is a clear, colorless and odorless, highly volatile (meaning it does not absorb into the skin but evaporates from it) liquid that's used as an emollient.
Isododecane gives a nice non-oily light skin feel and it can improve the slip of the formula without leaving a tacky residue behind.


Isododecane's also popular in make-up products as its volatility makes mascaras and foundations last longer.
If that would not be enough, Isododecane's also an excellent solvent, and it's a regular not only on the ingredients lists of make-ups but also on makeup removers.


Isododecane is used as a solvent.
Isododecane has a weightless feel on skin and enhances spreadability of products due to its low viscosity and density.
Isododecane helps prevent evaporation of water from the skin.


Isododecane is excellent emollient that can be used as replacement to oils in emulsions.
Isododecane is compatible with silicones for imparting shine, slip, and combability for hair care products.
Isododecane is used Conditions hair & skin.


In combination with Isohexadecane or Isoeicosane (which have similar molecular structures), it enables a wide range of skin feel, playtime, and plasticity depending on concentrations and desired results.
Thanks to high stability, Isododecane is used as an emollient and solid (UV-filter) carrying agent in many sun care applications.


Isododecane is a good ingredient for decorative cosmetics including, mascaras, lipsticks, and eyeliners incorporated as a soft emollient, pigment-carrying agent, or plasticizer.
Isododecane is miscible with silicones, other hydrocarbons, mineral oils, and alcohols.


In addition, Isododecane can be used as a co-solubilizer or co-emulsifier for many non-hydrocarbon materials.
Isododecane can be used as a replacement for oils in emulsions.
Isododecane is highly volatile and is usually used in non-residual products.


Isododecane is used in mascara, eyeliner, creams, lotions, hair care, conditioners, setting lotions, and hairspray.
Isododecane is typically used at 2-15%
Isododecane is a petroleum derived emollient of 12 carbons in length.


Isododecane is a key ingredient in the cosmetics market.
Isododecane is used for its emollient properties in a large number of skin care and hair treatment products.
Isododecane is also a major ingredient in long-lasting makeup products, such as waterproof mascaras or long-lasting liquid lipsticks.


Isododecane is used Mascara, eyeliner, creams, lotions, hair care, conditioners, hairsprays, perfumes.
Isododecane is used in lotion, cream, cosmetics, sunscreen, hair care, skin care products, etc.
Isododecane is an ultra-lightweight, volatile emollient useful for creating light, elegant emulsions for all types of skincare, haircare and personal care products.


Isododecane's also used as an ingredient in a variety of cosmetic products such as lipstick, mascara, eye shadow and hair gels.
Isododecane's used as an ingredient in a variety of cosmetic products such as lipstick, mascara, eye shadow and hair gels.
Isododecane can very quickly evaporate from the skin and does not leave a sticky residue.


Isododecane is soluble in silicones, hydrocarbons, iso-paraffin but completely insoluble in water.
Isododecane is suitable for use in place of oil in oil-free formulas that require extra lightness.
Use level ranges of Isododecane from 1% to 100% depending on the application.


Isododecane is used for external use only.
Isododecane is suitable for use in place of oil in oil-free formulas that require extra lightness. and prevents a sticky feeling on the skin including protection against water (water-repellent) such as Vitamin C Anhydrous, Mascara, various makeup products.


Isododecane is used as a solvent (solvent) or as a conductor (carrier) or disperser (disperser / spreader).
Among its many uses in beauty products, it’s not uncommon to see Isododecane in long-wear lipsticks and foundations, where it helps minimize color transfer and lends itself to a lightweight, matte finish.


Isododecane is a hydrocarbon that is widely used as an emollient and solvent.
Isododecane is not soluble in water but can dissolve in sillicones.
Isododecane is used Personal care, Hair care and cosmetics.


Isododecane can be used it in concentrations up to 15% and should be added to the oil phase of a mixture
Isododecane is a key ingredient in the cosmetics market.
Isododecane is used for its emollient properties in a large number of skin care and hair treatment products.


Isododecane is also a major ingredient in long-lasting makeup products, such as waterproof mascaras or long-lasting liquid lipsticks.
Isododecane provides the long-lasting performance, no transfer and waterproof effects, while maintaining optimal comfort.
According to Global Bioenergies, Isododecane can represent up to 50% of the formulations belonging to these categories.


Isododecane is used in a wide variety of beauty products like lipstick, foundation, mascara, eyeliner, skin serums, moisturizers, shampoo, conditioners, and more.
Isododecane is a solvent, as well as an emollient.
Isododecane helps retain moisture.


Isododecane breaks down easily for smooth application.
Isododecane spreads easily on the skin without leaving a thick or greasy residue.
Isododecane helps create a “matte” finish for lipstick, cheek color, and foundation.
Isododecane minimizes the transfer of color (e.g., lipstick marks on cups and silverware) helps provide a “weightless” feel.


-Conditions hair & skin:
Isododecane can be added to formulas as is, add to oil phase, use level 2-15%.
Isododecane is used for external use only.


-Skin care:
Isododecane protects and hydrates the skin, leaving it smooth and supple.
When added to skincare products, Isododecane also forms a barrier on the skin preventing moisture loss.
Further, Isododecane is lightweight and does not leave the skin feeling greasy or oily


-Hair care:
Isododecane moisturizes and repairs dry and damaged hair - without making them feel heavy or greasy.
Isododecane locks moisture on the scalp and contributes to the cream-like texture of hair care products.
This also helps in easy and even application


-Cosmetic Uses:
*perfuming agents
*skin conditioning - emollient
*solvents


-Cosmetic products:
Isododecane enhances the texture of the formulation and increases the spreadability of the product.
Isododecane is a non-comedogenic ingredient and does not block the pores or cause acne.
The matte finish that Isododecane provides is much loved



FUNCTIONS OF ISODODECANE:
*Emollient
*Solubilizer
*Carrier



WHAT DOES ISODODECANE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emollient
*Moisturising



WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE?
Isododecane is a solvent, as well as an emollient.
In layman’s terms, this means that the ingredient:
*helps retain moisture
*breaks down easily for smooth application
*spreads easily on the skin without leaving a thick or greasy residue
*helps create a “matte” finish for lipstick, cheek color, and foundation
*minimizes the transfer of color (e.g., lipstick marks on cups and silverware)
*helps provide a “weightless” feel



WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE?
*Creates a more even tone:
On the surface, your makeup will look visibly more even-toned and luminous when it contains Isododecane.

*Strengthens the skin's barrier:
Below the epidermis, you’ll feel that Isododecane creates a stronger skin barrier, stopping moisture from escaping and reducing dryness or flakiness overall, she explains.

*Helps retain moisture:
Isododecane helps the skin retain moisture, so it's excellent for dryer types.

*Doesn't leave a residue:
Isododecane is formulated to glide on easily and glide off just as easily (so it won't leave behind a sticky film or residue).

*Creates a silky-smooth texture:
Isododecane also plays a role in the way your makeup and skincare feel.
Isododecane imparts a silky smooth feel to products while giving a dry touch finish.
So the cream-like, supersoft texture of your moisturizer, concealer, foundation, etc.?
That often comes from Isododecane.

*Fast absorbing:
Unlike some skincare products, Isododecane quickly absorbs into the skin, meaning you lose less product.

*Non-irritating:
For the most part, Isododecane is non-irritating and safe for use on all skin types.

*Multiple forms of use:
As Isododecane is used in a wide range of topical products, there are plenty of options for how and when you can use it.



BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE:
*Has a weightless feel on skin and enhances spreadability of products due to its low viscosity and density
*Helps prevent evaporation of water from the skin
*Excellent emollient that can be used as replacement to oils in emulsions
*Compatible with silicones for imparting shine, slip, and combability for hair care products



USE AND BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE:
Isododecane is very well known for its practically weightless feel on the skin and excellent spreadability because of low viscosity and density.
Isododecane forms a film over the skin and hardly gets absorbed into the skin but, it also prevents the water loss from the skin.
While acting as a solvent, it also provides moisturization to skin.

Isododecane conditions the skin and hair.
Isododecane can be used as a replacement to oils in products especially emulsions.
Isododecane is also non-comedogenic.

Isododecane doesn’t provide any sensitivity or eruption for acne-prone skin.
Isododecane is similar to silicones in providing the slip and shine to hair.
Last but not least, Isododecane is used in perfumery as a solvent as well.
Isododecane is used in creams, lotions, decorative makeups, shampoos, and conditioners, etc.



FUNCTION OF ISODODECANE:
*Emollient
*conditioning
*moisturizing,
*shining
*enhance spreadability
*light feel.



WHAT TYPES OF PRODUCTS IS ISODODECANE USED IN?
Due to its chemical makeup, Isododecane is used in a wide variety of beauty products.
These include personal care items, such as moisturizers, as well as makeup and hair care products.

You may find the ingredient in the following:
*lipstick (especially long-wear formulas)
*foundation
*mascara
*eyeliner
*skin serums
*moisturizers
*shampoo
*conditioners
*hair serums
*hairspray



PROPERTIES OF ISODODECANE:
Isododecane is used as a waterproofing agent. Has a weightless feel on skin, enhances spreadability of products, helps prevent evaporation of water from the skin, excellent emollient and can be used as replacement to oils in emulsions.
Isododecane is compatible with silicones for imparting shine, slip, comb-ability for hair care products, conditions hair & skin.



SAFETY PROFILE OF ISODODECANE:
Isododecane is considered safe to be used on skin and hair in low concentrations.
However, Isododecane may show some minor side effects on highly sensitive skin.
Therefore, a patch test is recommended prior to full application.
Additionally, Isododecane is also vegan and halal.



FUNCTIONS OF ISODODECANE:
*Emollient:
Isododecane softens and softens the skin
*Solvent: D
Isododecane dissolves other substances
*Fragrant agent:
Isododecane is used for perfume and aromatic raw materials



FORMULATING BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE:
*Volatile solvent so great for dry-touch or quick-dry formulations including formulations that work by forming a film (long wear lipsticks, sunscreens, mascara).
*Light Feel
*Non-Greasy
*Excellent Solvency so great for oil cleansers, pigment wetting, active delivery etc.



ALTERNATIVES OF ISODODECANE:
*CYCLOMETHICONE



TYPE OF ISODODECANE:
*Emollient
*Solvent.



COMPARISON OF 3 TYPES OF HYDROCARBONS EMOLLIENT:
1. Isododecane lightest weight can volatilize.
Isododecane helps to blend the formula well.
2. Isohexadecane has more weight.
Isododecane little unable to evaporate Helps to blend well.
3. Isoeicosane have more weight.
A small amount of Isohexadecane is not volatile.
Helps to blend well



MAIN BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE:
Isododecane acts as a moisture-locking barrier for the skin, keeping it hydrated and smooth.
In addition to this (and while not a skincare benefit), Isododecane contributes to the cream-like or soft texture of many formulas so that they can easily (and evenly) glide silicones and pigments onto the skin.



WHO SHOULD USE ISODODECANE:
Anyone experiencing dryness or anyone who uses makeup, as long as they’re not allergic.
Isododecane is great for people with very dry and dull skin, especially those who have impaired barriers from eczema, seborrhea, psoriasis, and rosacea.



WHEN YOU CAN USE ISODODECANE:
Isododecane can be applied twice a day topically, in the morning and at night during your skincare routine.



ISODODECANE WORKS WELL WITH:
Virtually any other beauty product, as long as you’re storing Isododecane properly in a cool, dry area.
Isododecane is non-comedogenic and has a matte feel, so it is also great for patients that have oily skin and are acne-prone.
Essentially, anyone can use Isododecane.



DERIVED FROM AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES:
For producing this renewable Isododecane, Global Bioenergies relied on their proprietary innovative technology for converting plant resources (sugar and starch residues, agricultural and forestry waste), into isobutene, one of the main petroleum derivatives.
Then, after several steps respecting the naturalness criteria specific to the cosmetics market, isobutene was converted into Isododecane.



HEAT TOLERANCE OF ISODODECANE:
Isododecane can be used in hot process formulations.



FORMULATING IDEAS OF ISODODECANE:
Colour cosmetics including; mascara and lipstick, quick dry skincare, hair oils, cleansing oils, oil serums with light touch.



FORMULATION BENEFITS OF ISODODECANE:
*Volatile solvent - great for dry-touch or quick-dry formulations including formulations that work by forming a film (long wear lipsticks, sunscreens, mascara).
*Light Feel.
*Non-Greasy.
*Excellent Solvency so great for oil cleansers, pigment wetting, active delivery etc.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ISODODECANE:
Boiling Point: 208.9°C
Melting Point: -50°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water
Viscosity: 1 cP
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 180 °C at 1013 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 3,8 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,5 %(V)
Flash point: 37 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: insoluble
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 6,338
Vapor pressure: 56,333 hPa at 65 °C
Density: 0,745 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Molecular Weight: 170.33 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 6.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 170.203450829 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 170.203450829 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 74.1
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Weight: 170.34
Boiling Point℃: 177
Density at 15℃ g/cm3: 0.750
Molten Viscosity: mm2・s-1 1.35
Latent Heat of Evaporation J/g: 272
Specific Heat at 20℃ J/ｇ・℃: 2.1935
Flash Point (close cup) ℃: 48
Explosive Limits in Air vol％: 1.0～6.0

Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 208.00 to 209.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.301000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 141.00 °F. TCC ( 60.80 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 6.665 (est)
Soluble in: water, 0.09742 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
InChI: InChI=1S/C12H26/c1-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12(2)3/h12H,4-11H2,1-3H3
InChIKey: GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point: 177.1 ℃ at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: <= -50°C
Flash Point: 58.4°C
Density: 0.75 g/cm3
Solubility: water, 0.09742 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Appearance: Light yellow clear liquid
Assay: 0.99
EINECS: 250-816-8
Log P: 4.78310
Refractive Index: 1.421



FIRST AID MEASURES of ISODODECANE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ISODODECANE:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Contain spillage, and then collect with non-combustible absorbent material.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ISODODECANE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Dry powder
Dry sand
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Do NOT use water jet.
-Further information:
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ISODODECANE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Face shield and safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ISODODECANE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
No smoking.
Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Store in cool place.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ISODODECANE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
2-methylundecane
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane
2-Methylundecane
ISODODECANE
7045-71-8
Undecane, 2-methyl-
31807-55-3
2-Methylhendecane
UNII-H40FL8477B
H40FL8477B
EINECS 230-323-4
EINECS 250-816-8
2 2 4 6 6-PENTAMETHYLHEPTANE
isododecano
isodo-decane
DTXSID50873241
MFCD00036106
AKOS015912736
FT-0715064
M0239
Q2813826