Textile, Leather, Paper and Industrial Chemicals

DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE

DESCRIPTION:

Didecanoyl peroxide appears as white wet solid.
Didecanoyl peroxide May float or sink in water.
Didecanoyl peroxide is particularly sensitive to temperature rises, contamination, and friction.
Above a given "Control Temperature" Didecanoyl peroxide decompose violently.

CAS: 762-12-9
European Community (EC) Number: 212-092-1
Molecular Formula: C20H38O4

Didecanoyl peroxide is Initiator for (co)polymerization of ethylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinylacetate and (meth)acrylates.


APPLICATIONS OF DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
Didecanoyl peroxide can be used for the high pressure polymerization of ethylene in autoclaves or tubular reactors.
Because of the good solubility in mineral oils and aliphatic hydrocarbons the peroxide is easy to handle in the pressure injection system.
Didecanoyl peroxide can also be used as initiator for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in the temperature range between 60°C and 75°C.



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
Molecular Weight
342.5 g/mol
XLogP3-AA
8.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
19
Exact Mass
342.27700969 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
342.27700969 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count
24
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
272
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Synonym: Decanoyl peroxide; Peroxide; bisdecanoyl peroxidebis; (1-oxodecyl); EC 212-092-1; EINECS 212-092-1; UNII-5YFN3ID35B.
IUPAC/Chemical Name: decanoic peroxyanhydride
InChi Key: XJOBOFWTZOKMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C20H38O4/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19(21)23-24-20(22)18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-18H2,1-2H3
SMILES Code: O=C(OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCC
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life: >3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
Name DECANOYL PEROXIDE
Source of Sample Cadet Chemical Corporation
CAS Registry Number 762-12-9
Classification OXIDES AND PEROXIDES
Copyright Copyright © 1980, 1981-2023 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Formula C20H38O4
InChI InChI=1S/C20H38O4/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19(21)23-24-20(22)18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-18H2,1-2H3
InChIKey XJOBOFWTZOKMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Melting Point 40-42C (dec)
Freezing Point= -41C
Molecular Weight 342.52
Synonyms BIS(1-OXODECYL) PEROXIDE
CADOX C-10
Technique MELT-BETWEEN SALTS




SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product













SYNONYMS OF DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
DECANOYL PEROXIDE
Peroxide, bis(1-oxodecyl)
762-12-9
decanoic peroxyanhydride
5YFN3ID35B
Bisdecanoyl peroxide
didecanoyl peroxide
decanoyl decaneperoxoate
UNII-5YFN3ID35B
caproyl peroxide
EINECS 212-092-1
DECANOX F
PERKADOX SE 10
EC 212-092-1
SCHEMBL23375
DTXSID0061084
XJOBOFWTZOKMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Q27263048



DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
DESCRIPTION:

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.


CAS Number, 7173-51-5
European Community (EC) Number: 230-525-2
Molecular Formula: C22H48ClN
Preferred IUPAC name: N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride


SYNONYMS OF DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE:
DDAC,Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride,1-Decanaminium,N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride,Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,Quaternium-12,Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride,Bardac 22,deciquam 222,didecyldimethylammonium,didecyldimethylammonium bromide,didecyldimethylammonium chloride,7173-51-5,Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride,-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride,Astop,DDAC,Arquad 10,Bardac 22,Britewood Q,Bardac 2250,Bio-Dac,Quaternium 12,Quaternium-12,Odex Q,Quartamin D 10E,Quartamin D 10P,Timbercote 2000,Nissan Cation 2DBSlaoff 91,Acticide,Aliquat 203,Querton 210CL,Sporekill,KleenGrow,Dodigen 1881,Bardac 2270E,Calgon H 130,Maquat 4480E,Bardac 2280,Britewood XL,Caswell No. 331A,Acticide DDQ,Catiogen DDM,1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride,Cation DDC,H 130 (molluscicide),Catiogen DDM-PG,Arquad 210-50,Asepas 3,Bio-dac 50-22,Tret-O-Lite XC 507,Septapav KhS 70,Acticide DDQ 40,Microbiocide B 74,Stenquat 1010,Cation DDC 50,Cation DDC-80,Macrotrol MT 200,Arquad 210,Microbiocide N 750,DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE,New Des 50,Bardac 2240,BTC 99,DDC 80,K-Sanit BP 80,Kamin RM 2D50A,N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride,didecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride,BTCO 1010,Arquad 210-50E,Arquad 210-80E,Arquad 210-85E,Fentacare 1021-80,Arquad 210-80,D 10P,Nissan Cation 2DB500E,Nissan Cation 2DB800E,UNII-JXN40O9Y9B,BTC 1010,EINECS 230-525-2,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE,JXN40O9Y9B,EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149,Didecyldimethylammounium chloride,didecyl dimethylammonium chlorideDTXSID9032537,HSDB 7611,2DB500E,BTC 2250,AQ 210,MAQUAT 4450-E,DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE,DTXCID7012537,H 130,CHEBI:79935,EC 230-525-2,N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE,M 21080,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID,Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride,N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium (chloride),1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride (1:1),DDAC-C10; Didecyldimethylammonium-chloride,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (MART.),DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.],Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride,C22H48ClN,Dairyland brand chg teat dip,Alfa Bergamon,didecyl(dimethyl)azanium chloride,didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium chloride,OKGO Disinfectant,Surface Disinfectant,Bardac-22,Alfa Bergamon (TN),Calgon H130,Querton 2100L,didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium,Surface Disinfectant Spray,SCHEMBL20265,CHEMBL224987,Chloroqcare Antiseptic Hand Care,bis(decyl)dimethylazanium chloride,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile,Steri Hand sanitizer without washing,Tox21_300598,MFCD00066262,AKOS015901447,CS-W022921,DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE [INCI],HY-W042181,DIDECYLDIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE,USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 069149,NCGC00254240-01,CAS-7173-51-5,N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminiumchloride,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI],NS00075672,N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl 1-decanaminium chloride,D07822,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID [WHO-DD],N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-ammonium chloride,DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB],EN300-7386480,A837307,Q418930,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, analytical standard,W-104509,N-Decyl-N pound notN-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride







Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.

In mice this disinfectant was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.
In addition, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations



Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is an organic molecular entity.
Didehyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as an antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride causes disruption of intermolecular interactions and dissociation of lipid bilayers.

The bacteriostatic (prevents growth) or bactericidal (kills micro-organisms) activity of DDAC depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a broad-spectrum biocide against bacteria and fungi, and can be used as a disinfectant laundry cleaner, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels, and industry



Didecyldimethylammonium chloride stands out as a versatile and effective disinfectant/antiseptic, recognized for its prowess in surface sanitization and microbial sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
As an antimicrobial cleaner, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride offers broad-spectrum disinfection capabilities, making it a trusted choice for ensuring hygiene in various environments.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
This quaternary ammonium compound serves as a hard surface disinfectant, excelling in hospital-grade disinfection protocols.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used for its potent antimicrobial properties.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has several biocidal applications.
In addition to these applications, sometimes Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as plant strengtheners.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, often abbreviated as DDAC, is a quaternary ammonium compound widely employed for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Utilization Sectors of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride:
With its focus on broad-spectrum disinfection, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is an ideal choice for commercial-grade sanitization, addressing the need for comprehensive microbial control. Its role as an industrial disinfectant is crucial in maintaining a sanitized environment across diverse sectors, ranging from agriculture to manufacturing.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in diverse roles, functioning as a fungicide for coolants, an antiseptic for wood, and a cleaning disinfectant also used for surface disinfection such as floors, walls, tables, equipment, etc., and also for water disinfection in various applications throughout food and beverage, dairy, poultry, pharmaceutical industries, and institutions.
In water treatment, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride aids in controlling the growth of algae and bacteria.
Additionally, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride serves as a preservative in the formulation of various consumer products.



APPLICATIONS OF DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE:

In beekeeping, didehyldimethylammonium chloride is used to treat brood when it is attacked by blight.
Brood rot (European or American foulbrood) is an infectious disease of initially uncovered and later covered brood.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is caused by Bacterium pluton, Bacillus alvei, Streptococcus apis.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride acts as a broad-spectrum antiseptic by disrupting the nutrition of the foulbrood bacteria, thus preserving the bee colony.
In medicine, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl chloride is used extensively: concentrations ranging from 0.004% to 0.01% are used in eye drops.
Higher concentrations are used in hand disinfection products, for the removal of unpleasant odours (from legs, feet, armpits).

Even higher concentrations are used for a wide range of microbial and viral disinfection.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, paediatrics, OT, as well as for the sterilisation of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.

In cosmetics, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as a disinfectant, and at the same time as an emulsifier to increase the miscibility of fats with water.
Dimethyldimethyldecylammonium chloride is often used as an additive in emulsions to obtain clear emulsions, e.g. for dilution of fragrance concentrates, for mixing essential oils, or for the addition of water-based extracts to fat-based products.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used as a foaming agent and conditioner because its cationic nature makes wool fabrics and hair soft, and is therefore found in shampoos, hair masks and conditioners. INCI Key Functions:
Antistatic:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride reduces static electricity by neutralising the electrical charge on the surface
Emulsifying:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying surface tension (water and oil)

Hair Conditioner:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride makes hair easy to comb, soft and shiny and/or gives volume, lightness and shine
Surfactant:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride reduces tension on the surface of the cosmetic and contributes to the even distribution of the product during application

In water treatment, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in ornamental pools and rock gardens to protect them from algae formation and reproduction.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can also be found in some aquarium and aquaculture products.
Concentrations of 0,5-5 mg/l of active quaternary ammonium are encountered in the treatment of bacterial type fish diseases.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used as an algaecide in swimming pools to inhibit water mutilation and algal growth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is more popular than BAC because it has a lower foaming capacity.

In the wood industry, didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as an antiseptic or antiseptic impregnant to protect wood from rotting or fungal decay.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used to destroy rot in damaged wood.
The advantage of using Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is its transparency, i.e. the wood does not discolour, but this is also a disadvantage because when the wood is treated it is not visible where it has been treated.

In the paper industry, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in the preparation of paper to reduce biofouling and at the same time to give strength and anti-static properties to the paper produced.
In horticulture, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has a wide range of uses due to its effectiveness against moulds, mildews, mosses, fungi and algae, and is used for their control both as a plant protection agent and as a disinfectant for a wide range of surfaces.


In the polymer and coatings industry, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as an antistatic agent, emulsifier and preservative, which helps to make surfaces more hydrophobic, and to make hydrophobic surfaces more easily and uniformly coated with various coatings.
In animal husbandry, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in various veterinary preparations for the treatment of fungal diseases of hooves and horns, for the disinfection of animal housing, and for the treatment of certain skin diseases.






BENEFITS OF USING DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in disinfection and detergency
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is Non-corrosive to system metallurgy
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is Highly concentrated for low dosage

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is Eco-friendly, biodegradable and skin-friendly
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is High efficacy against SPC, Coliform, Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria, and Yeast





Chemical and physical Properties of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride:
Chemical formula, C22H48ClN
Molar mass, 362.08 g/mol
Appearance, liquid[3]
Density, 0.87 g/cm3 (20 °C)[3]
Molecular Weight
362.1 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
18
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
361.3475282 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
361.3475282 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
0Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
24
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
200
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
2
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Boiling point, 88 °C (1013 hPa)
Density, 0.90 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point, 29 °C
pH value, 6.5 - 8.0 (10 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C22H48ClN
CAS Number:
7173-51-5
Molecular Weight:
362.08
EC Number:
230-525-2
Form, Clear liquid
Appearance, Colourless
Odour, Alcohol like
CAS No., 7173-51-5
Solubility, Completely soluble with water & alcohol
Water Solubility, 4.48e-06 mg/mL, ALOGPS
logP, 3.33, ALOGPS
logP, 4.01, Chemaxon
logS, -7.9, ALOGPS
Physiological Charge, 1, Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count, 0, Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count, 0, Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area, 0 Å2, Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count, 18, Chemaxon
Refractivity, 118.86 m3•mol-1, Chemaxon
Polarizability, 47.18 Å3, Chemaxon
Number of Rings, 0, Chemaxon
Bioavailability, 1, Chemaxon
Rule of Five, Yes, Chemaxon
Ghose Filter, No, Chemaxon
Veber's Rule, No, Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule, No,
grade
analytical standard
Quality Level
100
shelf life
limited shelf life, expiry date on the label
application(s)
clinical testing
format
neat
SMILES string
C[N+](C)(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCC.[Cl-]
InChI
1S/C22H48N.ClH/c1-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23(3,4)22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-2;/h5-22H2,1-4H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChI key
RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Physical Description, Pale yellow solid or paste
Assay, ≥ 95.0%
Water, ≤ 5.0%
Heavy Metals, ≤ 20ppm
Specification Version, 1.1



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE:

First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (DDAC)
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as detergent/disinfectant in hospitals, as algicide in swimming pools, and as a fungicide and against termites in wood.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) caused contact dermatitis in a hospital employee, also sensitive to glyoxal and bis-(aminopropyl)- laurylamine.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is an organic molecular entity.

CAS: 7173-51-5
MF: C22H48ClN
MW: 362.08
EINECS: 230-525-2

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) can be used as an algicide, slimicide in swimming pools, industrial water reservoirs and cooling towers and for the preparation of wood preserving formulations intended for primary treatment and secondary preservation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of DDAC depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.

In mice Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.
In addition, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a twin chain quaternary ammonium.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a modern and safe biocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) features broad spectrum activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, fungicide and mildewcide, active against enveloped viruses (e.g. Hepatitis B, HIV), tolerance for anionic contaminants, high tolerance to hard water, maintains efficacy in presence of heavy organic soiling such as blood and protein, good surfactant and wetting properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has an amine content of approximately 1.5%.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) stands out as a versatile and effective disinfectant/antiseptic, recognized for its prowess in surface sanitization and microbial sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
As an antimicrobial cleaner, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) offers broad-spectrum disinfection capabilities, making it a trusted choice for ensuring hygiene in various environments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) serves as a hard surface disinfectant, excelling in hospital-grade disinfection protocols.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has several biocidal applications. In addition to these applications, sometimes DDAC is used as plant strengtheners.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), often abbreviated as DDAC, is a quaternary ammonium compound widely employed for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) operates through the disruption of microorganisms′ cell membrane, resulting in their demise.
This mechanism occurs by attaching to the negatively charged phospholipids within the cell membrane, inducing heightened permeability and subsequent leakage of intracellular components.
Additionally, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) hampers the growth of microorganisms by impeding essential metabolic processes like DNA replication and protein synthesis.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 88 °C
Density: 0.87[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0.006Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 248g/L in organic solvents at 20 ℃
Form: Gel
Color: Light Beige to Brown
Water Solubility: 650mg/L at 25℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: 2.8 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 7173-51-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) (7173-51-5)

Uses
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) 22 is a quaternary ammonium based antimicrobial used as a bacteriostat, deodorant, disinfectant and(or) a microbiocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) 2250 is an effective cationic surfactant that can be used in a variety of cleaning systems.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a compound that exhibits some fungacidal and antimirobial functions.
General purpose disinfectant, sanitizer; mildew preventative in commercial laundries; water treatment in cooling towers and oil field flood waters; wood preservative.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is readily soluble in ethanol, IPA, and acetone.
Although dissolution in water is slow, aqueous solutions are easier to handle and are preferred.
Solutions should be neutral to slightly alkaline, with colour ranging from colourless to a pale yellow.
Solutions should foam when shaken.

Agricultural Uses
Biocide, Fungicide, Bactericide, Herbicide, Algaecide, Algaecide, Bacteriocide, Fungistat, Microbiocide, Microbiostat disinfectant, Viricide, Tuberculocide, Molluscide, Insecticide: Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) used on hard, nonporous surfaces as a sanitizer; mildew preventative, wood preservative, and to kill algae, phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) in a large number of disinfectant products registered with USEPA and labeled with a claim to inactivate “avian influenza A” viruses on hard surfaces.

Synonyms
7173-51-5
Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride
Astop
DDAC
Arquad 10
Bardac 22
Britewood Q
Bardac 2250
Bio-Dac
Quaternium 12
Quaternium-12
Odex Q
Quartamin D 10E
Quartamin D 10P
Timbercote 2000
Nissan Cation 2DB
Slaoff 91
Acticide
Aliquat 203
Querton 210CL
Sporekill
KleenGrow
Dodigen 1881
Bardac 2270E
Calgon H 130
Maquat 4480E
Bardac 2280
Britewood XL
Caswell No. 331A
Acticide DDQ
Catiogen DDM
1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride
Cation DDC
H 130 (molluscicide)
Catiogen DDM-PG
Arquad 210-50
Asepas 3
Bio-dac 50-22
Tret-O-Lite XC 507
Septapav KhS 70
Acticide DDQ 40
Microbiocide B 74
Stenquat 1010
Cation DDC 50
Cation DDC-80
Macrotrol MT 200
Arquad 210
Microbiocide N 750
DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE
New Des 50
Bardac 2240
BTC 99
DDC 80
K-Sanit BP 80
Kamin RM 2D50A
didecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride
BTCO 1010
Arquad 210-50E
Arquad 210-80E
Arquad 210-85E
Fentacare 1021-80
Arquad 210-80
D 10P
Nissan Cation 2DB500E
Nissan Cation 2DB800E
UNII-JXN40O9Y9B
BTC 1010
EINECS 230-525-2
JXN40O9Y9B
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149
Didecyldimethylammounium chloride
didecyl dimethylammonium chloride
DTXSID9032537
HSDB 7611
2DB500E
BTC 2250
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE
AQ 210
MAQUAT 4450-E
DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE
DTXCID7012537
H 130
CHEBI:79935
EC 230-525-2
N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
M 21080
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID
Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium (chloride)
1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride (1:1)
DDAC-C10; Didecyldimethylammonium-chloride
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (MART.)
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.]
Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride
C22H48ClN
Dairyland brand chg teat dip
Alfa Bergamon
didecyl(dimethyl)azanium chloride
didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium chloride
OKGO Disinfectant
Surface Disinfectant
Bardac-22
Alfa Bergamon (TN)
Calgon H130
Querton 2100L
didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium
Surface Disinfectant Spray
SCHEMBL20265
CHEMBL224987
Chloroqcare Antiseptic Hand Care
bis(decyl)dimethylazanium chloride
RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Steri Hand sanitizer without washing
Tox21_300598
MFCD00066262
AKOS015901447
CS-W022921
DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE [INCI]
HY-W042181
DIDECYLDIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 069149
NCGC00254240-01
CAS-7173-51-5
N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminiumchloride
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI]
FT-0629457
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl 1-decanaminium chloride
D07822
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID [WHO-DD]
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-ammonium chloride
DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB]
EN300-7386480
A837307
Q418930
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, analytical standard
W-104509
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (DDAC)
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.

CAS: 7173-51-5
MF: C22H48ClN
MW: 362.08
EINECS: 230-525-2

Synonyms
DIDECYL-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE;DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE;didecyl dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 50% solution in Toluene;didecyl dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 70% solution;Didecildimethylammonium chloride;Bardac(R) 22;N,N-Didecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium Chloride (in 20% Isopropanol / 30% Water);Bardac(R) 2240;7173-51-5;Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;Didecyldimethylammonium chloride;N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride
;Astop;DDAC;Arquad 10;Bardac 22;Britewood Q;Bardac 2250;Bio-Dac;Quaternium 12;Quaternium-12;Odex Q;Quartamin D 10E;Quartamin D 10P;Timbercote 2000;Nissan Cation 2DB;Slaoff 91;Acticide;Aliquat 203;Querton 210CL;Sporekill;KleenGrow;Dodigen 1881;Bardac 2270E;Calgon H 130;Maquat 4480E;Bardac 2280;Britewood XL;Caswell No. 331A;Acticide DDQ;Catiogen DDM;1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride;Cation DDC;H 130 (molluscicide);Catiogen DDM-PG
;Arquad 210-50;Asepas 3;Bio-dac 50-22;Tret-O-Lite XC 507;Septapav KhS 70;Acticide DDQ 40;Microbiocide B 74;Stenquat 1010;Cation DDC 50;Cation DDC-80;Macrotrol MT 200;Arquad 210
;Microbiocide N 750;DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE;New Des 50;Bardac 2240;BTC 99;DDC 80;K-Sanit BP 80;Kamin RM 2D50A;N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride
(dimethyl)azanium;chloride;BTCO 1010;Arquad 210-50E;Arquad 210-80E;Arquad 210-85E;Fentacare 1021-80;Arquad 210-80;D 10P;Nissan Cation 2DB500E;Nissan Cation 2DB800E;UNII-JXN40O9Y9B;BTC 1010;EINECS 230-525-2;DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE;JXN40O9Y9B;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149;Didecyldimethylammounium chloride;didecyl dimethylammonium chloride;DTXSID9032537;HSDB 7611;2DB500E;BTC 2250;AQ 210;MAQUAT 4450-E;DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE;DTXCID7012537;H 130;CHEBI:79935;EC 230-525-2;N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE;M 21080;DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.
In mice this disinfectant was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.

In addition, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as detergent/disinfectant in hospitals, as algicide in swimming pools, and as a fungicide and against termites in wood.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) caused contact dermatitis in a hospital employee, also sensitive to glyoxal and bis-(aminopropyl)- laurylamine.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is an organic molecular entity.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) stands out as a versatile and effective disinfectant/antiseptic, recognized for its prowess in surface sanitization and microbial sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
As an antimicrobial cleaner, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) offers broad-spectrum disinfection capabilities, making it a trusted choice for ensuring hygiene in various environments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

This quaternary ammonium compound serves as a hard surface disinfectant, excelling in hospital-grade disinfection protocols.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has several biocidal applications.
In addition to these applications, sometimes Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used as plant strengtheners.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, often abbreviated as Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), is a quaternary ammonium compound widely employed for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound that has been shown to have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has been used in disinfectants and as an active ingredient in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is not toxic to humans or animals at concentrations up to 50%.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has been shown to be effective against infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) also has an effect on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) can be prepared by titration calorimetry or analytical method.
The preparation of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) can be done using chloroform and benzalkonium chloride or glycol ether.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used in many types of biocidal products including tableware, carpets, humidifiers, and swimming pools.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) shows a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and is also effective on fungi and viruses, including those that are enveloped.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 88 °C
Density: 0.87[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0.006Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 248g/L in organic solvents at 20 ℃
Form: Gel
Color: Light Beige to Brown
Water Solubility: 650mg/L at 25℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: 2.8 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 7173-51-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) (7173-51-5)

Uses
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium based antimicrobial used as a bacteriostat, deodorant, disinfectant and(or) a microbiocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is an effective cationic surfactant that can be used in a variety of cleaning systems.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a compound that exhibits some fungacidal and antimirobial functions.
General purpose disinfectant, sanitizer; mildew preventative in commercial laundries; water treatment in cooling towers and oil field flood waters; wood preservative.

Agricultural Uses
Biocide, Fungicide, Bactericide, Herbicide, Algaecide, Algaecide, Bacteriocide, Fungistat, Microbiocide, Microbiostat disinfectant, Viricide, Tuberculocide, Molluscide, Insecticide: General purpose disinfectant used on hard, nonporous surfaces as a sanitizer; mildew preventative, wood preservative, and to kill algae, phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria.
An active ingredient in a large number of disinfectant products registered with USEPA and labeled with a claim to inactivate “avian influenza A” viruses on hard surfaces.

Contact allergens
This quaternary ammonium compound is used as a detergent-disinfectant in hospitals, as an algaecide in swimming pools, as a fungicide, and against termites in wood.
Immediate-type manifestations like urticaria and dyspnoea have been reported.
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE 80 %

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80% is a chemical compound primarily used as a disinfectant and biocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is part of the quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) family, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents due to their broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.

CAS Number: 7173-51-5
EC Number: 230-525-2

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, DDAC, DDADMAC, DDA, N,N-Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, N-Decyldimethyl-N-octylammonium chloride, Didecylmethylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecyloctylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldodecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium chloride, Decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecyl ammonium chloride, N-Decyldimethylamine chloride, N-Octyldimethyldecylamine chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium dichloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chlorochromate, Decyltrimethylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctadecylmethylammonium chloride, Dimethyldioctadecylmethylammonium chloride, Octyldecyldimethylammonium chloride, N-Octyldimethyldecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldodecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyldodecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyloctylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldodecylammonium chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chlorite, Didecyldimethylammonium chlorate, Didecyldimethylammonium bromide, Didecyldimethylammonium fluoride, Didecyldimethylammonium iodide, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium bromide, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium fluoride, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium iodide, Decyltrimethylammonium bromide, Didecyldimethylammonium sulfamate, Didecyldimethylammonium sulfate, Didecyldimethylammonium nitrate, Didecyldimethylammonium phosphate, Didecyldimethylammonium hydrogen sulfate, Didecyldimethylammonium hydroxide, Didecyldimethylammonium acetate, Didecyldimethylammonium formate, Didecyldimethylammonium carbonate, Didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, Didecyldimethylammonium citrate



APPLICATIONS


Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is widely used as a disinfectant in healthcare facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed for surface disinfection in hospitals, clinics, and dental offices to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the food industry to sanitize food contact surfaces and processing equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in dairy processing plants, breweries, and wineries for sanitation purposes.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to cooling towers and water treatment systems to control microbial growth and biofilm formation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in swimming pools and spas as a sanitizer to maintain water quality.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is employed in the agricultural sector for disinfecting farm equipment and livestock housing.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in veterinary clinics and animal husbandry facilities for disinfection and biosecurity measures.
This compound is incorporated into household cleaning products such as disinfectant sprays and wipes.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in institutional settings such as schools, daycare centers, and prisons for surface disinfection.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to industrial cleaning formulations for sanitizing manufacturing equipment and production areas.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the pharmaceutical industry for disinfection of cleanrooms and sterile manufacturing environments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the cosmetics industry for disinfecting tools and equipment used in beauty salons.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the hospitality industry for sanitation of hotel rooms, restaurants, and catering facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to HVAC systems and air ducts to control microbial contamination and mold growth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in water treatment plants for disinfection of potable water supplies.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in wastewater treatment facilities for microbial control and odor mitigation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in recreational facilities such as gyms and sports centers for disinfection of equipment and locker rooms.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to mold remediation products for killing mold spores and preventing regrowth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in public transportation vehicles such as buses and trains for disinfection of seating areas and high-touch surfaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the marine industry for disinfection of ships, boats, and maritime equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in laboratories and research facilities for sterilization of equipment and workspaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to agricultural sprays and sanitizers for disinfection of fruits, vegetables, and crop storage facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the textile industry for antimicrobial treatment of fabrics and textiles.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in emergency response situations for disinfection of contaminated surfaces and environments.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in drilling fluids and production equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the pulp and paper industry for disinfection of pulp processing equipment and papermaking machinery.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to industrial cooling water systems to prevent microbial fouling and corrosion.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the automotive industry for disinfection of vehicle interiors and manufacturing facilities.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the aerospace industry for sanitation of aircraft cabins, cockpits, and maintenance areas.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the electronics industry for disinfection of cleanroom environments and semiconductor manufacturing facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to mold-resistant coatings and paints for protection against mold and mildew growth.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in the construction industry for disinfection of construction sites, tools, and equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the pharmaceutical compounding industry for disinfection of compounding areas and equipment.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the funeral and mortuary industry for disinfection of embalming rooms and equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to water-based paints and coatings as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of wood and timber products to prevent mold and fungal growth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of textiles and leather goods to inhibit microbial degradation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of cosmetics and personal care products to prevent microbial spoilage.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to air purifiers and HVAC systems for disinfection of indoor air and ventilation ducts.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of museum artifacts and archival materials.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of food packaging materials to prevent microbial contamination during storage and transport.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to water-based lubricants and metalworking fluids to prevent microbial growth and degradation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of photographic films and papers to inhibit microbial deterioration.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of pharmaceutical and medical products to maintain sterility and shelf life.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to agricultural pesticides and herbicides for microbial control and product preservation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of cosmetics and personal care products to prevent microbial spoilage.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of paints, coatings, and adhesives to prevent microbial contamination and degradation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to metalworking fluids and cutting oils to prevent microbial growth and degradation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is employed in the preservation of plastics and polymers to prevent microbial degradation and discoloration.



DESCRIPTION


Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80% is a chemical compound primarily used as a disinfectant and biocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is part of the quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) family, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents due to their broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is often found in disinfectant formulations for various applications, including healthcare facilities, food processing plants, water treatment systems, and agricultural settings.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, making it a popular choice for disinfection and sanitization purposes.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is typically supplied as a solution containing 80% of the active ingredient in water.
The remaining percentage consists of other components and stabilizers to enhance its stability and efficacy.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is a quaternary ammonium compound with a long chemical name.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is a cationic surfactant known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % appears as a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % has a characteristic ammonium odor and a slightly oily texture.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is soluble in water and organic solvents like ethanol.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is commonly used as a disinfectant and sanitizer in various industries.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % disrupts the cell membranes of microorganisms, leading to their inactivation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is widely used in healthcare settings for surface disinfection and sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is also employed in food processing facilities to sanitize equipment and surfaces.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is an essential ingredient in household disinfectants and cleaning products.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in water treatment systems to control microbial growth and biofilm formation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is known for its long-lasting residual activity, providing prolonged protection against pathogens.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is compatible with a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and rubber.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is often incorporated into formulations for fabric softeners and textile treatments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in agricultural settings for crop protection and disinfection of farm equipment.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is regulated by health and environmental agencies due to its potential hazards.
Proper handling and dilution are essential to ensure safe use of this compound.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is important to follow recommended concentrations and contact times for effective disinfection.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact.
Prolonged exposure or inhalation of vapors should be avoided to prevent health risks.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % should be stored in tightly sealed containers away from heat and incompatible substances.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is commonly used in combination with other disinfectants for synergistic effects.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is an integral part of infection control strategies in healthcare, food processing, and water treatment industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % plays a crucial role in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in various applications.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C22H48ClN
Molecular Weight: Approximately 362.08 g/mol
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Ammoniacal odor
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in polar organic solvents
Density: Approximately 0.91 g/cm³
Boiling Point: Approximately 290°C (554°F)
Melting Point: Approximately -50°C (-58°F)
pH: Typically alkaline, around 9-10 in aqueous solutions
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Low viscosity liquid
Surface Tension: Typically around 25-30 mN/m
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.45
Hygroscopicity: Low to moderate
Corrosivity: Corrosive to metals in concentrated form
Biodegradability: Moderately biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Toxicity: Moderate acute toxicity, can cause skin and eye irritation
Flammability: Non-flammable
Oxidizing Properties: Non-oxidizing
Miscibility: Miscible with water and polar organic solvents
Hydrophobicity: Moderately hydrophobic
Surface Wetting: Exhibits good wetting properties on solid surfaces
Chloride Content: Typically around 22-24% by weight



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If Didecyldimethylammonium chloride vapors are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Ensure Breathing:
Check the person's airway, breathing, and circulation.
If breathing is difficult, ensure an open airway and provide rescue breathing if necessary.

Seek Medical Attention:
If symptoms such as difficulty breathing, coughing, or respiratory distress persist, seek medical attention promptly.

Provide Oxygen:
If available and trained to do so, administer oxygen to the affected person while awaiting medical assistance.

Keep Calm and Reassure:
Keep the affected person calm and reassure them while waiting for medical help.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Didecyldimethylammonium chloride comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove any contaminated clothing.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough rinsing to remove any traces of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap or detergent to gently cleanse the skin, avoiding harsh chemicals that may exacerbate irritation.

Apply Moisturizer:
After washing, apply a soothing moisturizer or emollient to the affected area to help soothe and hydrate the skin.

Seek Medical Advice:
If skin irritation persists or worsens, seek medical advice or consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

Flush with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If wearing contact lenses, remove them as soon as possible to facilitate irrigation of the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact an eye specialist if irritation, pain, or redness persists after flushing.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting if Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has been ingested, as it may lead to further complications.

Do Not Drink Water:
Refrain from giving anything by mouth to the affected person unless instructed by medical personnel.

Seek Medical Assistance:
Immediately contact a poison control center or seek medical assistance for further guidance and treatment.

Provide Information:
Provide medical personnel with details regarding the amount ingested, the time of ingestion, and any symptoms experienced by the affected person.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), when handling Didecyldimethylammonium chloride to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use local exhaust ventilation or work in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of vapors or fumes.
Avoid breathing in Didecyldimethylammonium chloride vapors or mists.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin contact with Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
In case of skin contact, promptly wash affected areas with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or mists of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Handling Equipment:
Use equipment made of compatible materials, such as stainless steel, glass, or plastic, for handling and transferring Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Avoid the use of reactive metals like aluminum or copper.

Prevent Spills:
Handle Didecyldimethylammonium chloride containers with care to prevent spills or leaks.
Use appropriate containment measures, such as secondary containment trays or spill kits, in areas where spills may occur.

Do Not Mix:
Avoid mixing Didecyldimethylammonium chloride with incompatible substances, such as strong bases, oxidizing agents, or reactive metals, as it may result in hazardous chemical reactions or releases of toxic gases.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride with the product name, hazard symbols, handling instructions, and storage conditions to ensure proper identification and safe handling.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not ingest Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Keep food, beverages, and tobacco products away from areas where Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is handled or stored.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling Didecyldimethylammonium chloride on safe handling procedures, emergency response protocols, and the use of personal protective equipment.


Storage:

Container Selection:
Store Didecyldimethylammonium chloride in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or glass, to prevent moisture ingress and contamination.

Temperature Control:
Store Didecyldimethylammonium chloride in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).

Avoid Freezing:
Protect Didecyldimethylammonium chloride from freezing temperatures, as freezing may result in crystallization or solidification of the solution.
If frozen, allow the solution to thaw completely before use.

Separation:
Store Didecyldimethylammonium chloride away from incompatible substances, including strong oxidizing agents, bases, and reactive metals, to prevent chemical reactions or hazards.

Stability:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride solutions may degrade over time, especially in the presence of air or light. Store containers tightly closed to minimize air exposure and degradation.

Handling Precautions:
Handle containers with care to prevent damage or leakage.
Store containers on shelves or racks with adequate support and spacing to prevent tipping or falling.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures, such as locked storage areas or restricted access, to prevent unauthorized handling or tampering with Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.

Emergency Response:
Have appropriate spill containment and cleanup materials readily available in case of spills or leaks.
Train personnel on proper spill response procedures and emergency protocols.

DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE

Didecyldimonium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound.
Didecyldimonium chloride appears as a clear, colorless liquid.
Didecyldimonium chloride has a characteristic ammoniacal odor.
Didecyldimonium chloride is soluble in water.

CAS Number: 7173-51-5
EC Number: 230-525-2

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, DDAC, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, Decyldimethylammonium chloride, Didecyldimonium chloride, N,N-Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, N-Decyldimethyl-N-dodecylammonium chloride, Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride



APPLICATIONS


Didecyldimonium chloride is widely used as a disinfectant in healthcare facilities.
Didecyldimonium chloride is commonly employed for surface disinfection in hospitals, clinics, and laboratories.

Didecyldimonium chloride is utilized for sanitizing medical equipment, including surgical instruments and hospital furniture.
Didecyldimonium chloride is an effective biocide in water treatment applications.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to cooling water systems to control microbial growth and biofouling.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the food industry for sanitation and disinfection purposes.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain hygiene standards in food processing plants and commercial kitchens.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to cleaning products for its antimicrobial properties.

Didecyldimonium chloride is found in household disinfectants, surface cleaners, and sanitizing wipes.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in agricultural settings for disinfecting equipment and livestock facilities.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of industrial fluids, such as metalworking fluids and lubricants.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps prevent microbial contamination and degradation in these fluids.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of paints, coatings, and adhesives to inhibit microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to personal care products, such as shampoos and body washes, as an antimicrobial agent.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps prevent microbial spoilage and contamination in these products.
Didecyldimonium chloride is utilized in the preservation of textiles and leather goods to inhibit microbial degradation.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps extend the shelf life and maintain the quality of these materials.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of cosmetics and toiletries to prevent microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to disinfectant sprays and aerosols for household and commercial use.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of paints, coatings, and adhesives to inhibit microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is applied to hard surfaces for disinfection and sanitization.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in institutional settings such as schools, daycare centers, and gyms to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in water treatment plants for disinfecting drinking water and wastewater.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of wood and timber products to prevent mold and fungal growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride plays a crucial role in various industries for maintaining hygiene, sanitation, and product quality.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of paper and pulp products to prevent microbial degradation.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain the quality and extend the lifespan of paper-based materials.

Didecyldimonium chloride is added to industrial cooling towers to prevent biofouling and microbial contamination.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of wooden structures and buildings to inhibit mold and mildew growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps protect wood from decay and deterioration caused by microbial activity.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of household products such as paints, varnishes, and sealants.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to air fresheners and deodorizers for its antimicrobial properties.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps prevent microbial growth and odors in indoor environments.
Didecyldimonium chloride is utilized in the preservation of textiles and fabrics to inhibit the growth of mold, mildew, and bacteria.

Didecyldimonium chloride is applied to swimming pools and spas as a disinfectant and algaecide.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain water clarity and prevent the growth of algae and bacteria.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of plastic and polymer products to prevent microbial degradation.

Didecyldimonium chloride is added to industrial fluids such as cutting oils and hydraulic fluids to prevent microbial contamination.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain the performance and integrity of these fluids.

Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of fuel and oil storage tanks to inhibit microbial growth and biofilm formation.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of marine vessels and structures to prevent marine fouling and corrosion.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps protect ships, boats, and offshore platforms from the effects of microbial colonization.
Didecyldimonium chloride is applied to agricultural equipment and machinery to disinfect and sanitize surfaces.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of animal feed and bedding materials to inhibit mold and fungal growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain the quality and safety of feed products.

Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of HVAC systems to prevent microbial contamination and biofilm formation.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to wastewater treatment processes to disinfect and sanitize effluent streams.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps ensure the safety and quality of treated wastewater before discharge.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of recreational water facilities such as water parks and hot tubs to prevent microbial contamination.
Didecyldimonium chloride has diverse applications across various industries for maintaining cleanliness, hygiene, and product integrity.



DESCRIPTION


Didecyldimonium chloride, also known as Didecyldimethylammonium chloride or DDAC, is a quaternary ammonium compound widely used as a disinfectant, biocide, and surfactant.
Didecyldimonium chloride is derived from the reaction between didecyldimethylamine and hydrochloric acid.

Didecyldimonium chloride is cationic in nature and exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Due to its efficacy and relatively low toxicity, Didecyldimonium chloride is commonly utilized in various industries, including healthcare, food processing, water treatment, and household cleaning.

In addition to its antimicrobial properties, Didecyldimonium chloride also functions as a surfactant, helping to lower surface tension and facilitate the removal of dirt, grease, and other contaminants from surfaces.
Didecyldimonium chloride is often found in disinfectant formulations, sanitizing solutions, antiseptic products, and industrial cleaners.
Didecyldimonium chloride is typically supplied as a clear, colorless liquid and may be diluted with water for use at various concentrations depending on the application.

Didecyldimonium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound.
Didecyldimonium chloride appears as a clear, colorless liquid.

Didecyldimonium chloride has a characteristic ammoniacal odor.
Didecyldimonium chloride is soluble in water.
Didecyldimonium chloride is also soluble in polar organic solvents.

Didecyldimonium chloride has low viscosity.
Didecyldimonium chloride exhibits moderate to high surface tension.
Didecyldimonium chloride is stable under normal storage conditions.

Didecyldimonium chloride is corrosive to metals in concentrated form.
Didecyldimonium chloride is classified as a biocide and disinfectant.

Didecyldimonium chloride is effective against a wide range of microorganisms.
Didecyldimonium chloride disrupts the cell membranes of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Didecyldimonium chloride is commonly used in healthcare settings for surface disinfection.
Didecyldimonium chloride is also employed in the food industry for sanitation purposes.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in water treatment to control microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to cleaning products for its antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimonium chloride is sometimes found in personal care products as an antimicrobial agent.

Didecyldimonium chloride may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact.
Didecyldimonium chloride is important to handle the compound with care and use appropriate personal protective equipment.

Didecyldimonium chloride is often diluted with water before use.
Didecyldimonium chloride is effective at relatively low concentrations.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C22H48ClN
Molecular Weight: Approximately 362.08 g/mol
Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Ammoniacal odor
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in polar organic solvents
Melting Point: Approximately -40°C
Boiling Point: Approximately 130-135°C
Density: Approximately 0.98-1.0 g/cm³
pH: Typically alkaline (pH > 7)
Viscosity: Low to moderate viscosity
Surface Tension: Moderate to high surface tension
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.42-1.44
Corrosivity: Corrosive to metals in concentrated form
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions
Flammability: Non-flammable
Vapor Pressure: Low vapor pressure
Hygroscopicity: Minimal to none
Acidity/Basicity: Basic (alkaline)
Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms at high concentrations
Biodegradability: Relatively low biodegradability



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If Didecyldimonium chloride vapors are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Ensure Breathing:
Check the person's airway, breathing, and circulation.
If breathing is difficult, ensure an open airway and provide rescue breathing if necessary.

Seek Medical Attention:
If symptoms such as difficulty breathing, coughing, or respiratory distress persist, seek medical attention promptly.

Provide Oxygen:
If available and trained to do so, administer oxygen to the affected person while awaiting medical assistance.

Keep Calm and Reassure:
Keep the affected person calm and reassure them while waiting for medical help.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Didecyldimonium chloride comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove any contaminated clothing.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough rinsing to remove any traces of Didecyldimonium chloride.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap or detergent to gently cleanse the skin, avoiding harsh chemicals that may exacerbate irritation.

Apply Moisturizer:
After washing, apply a soothing moisturizer or emollient to the affected area to help soothe and hydrate the skin.

Seek Medical Advice:
If skin irritation persists or worsens, seek medical advice or consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

Flush with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If wearing contact lenses, remove them as soon as possible to facilitate irrigation of the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact an eye specialist if irritation, pain, or redness persists after flushing.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting if Didecyldimonium chloride has been ingested, as it may lead to further complications.

Do Not Drink Water:
Refrain from giving anything by mouth to the affected person unless instructed by medical personnel.

Seek Medical Assistance:
Immediately contact a poison control center or seek medical assistance for further guidance and treatment.

Provide Information:
Provide medical personnel with details regarding the amount ingested, the time of ingestion, and any symptoms experienced by the affected person.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), when handling Didecyldimonium chloride to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use local exhaust ventilation or work in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of vapors or fumes.
Avoid breathing in Didecyldimonium chloride vapors or mists.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin contact with Didecyldimonium chloride.
In case of skin contact, promptly wash affected areas with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or mists of Didecyldimonium chloride.
In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Handling Equipment:
Use equipment made of compatible materials, such as stainless steel, glass, or plastic, for handling and transferring Didecyldimonium chloride.
Avoid the use of reactive metals like aluminum or copper.

Prevent Spills:
Handle Didecyldimonium chloride containers with care to prevent spills or leaks.
Use appropriate containment measures, such as secondary containment trays or spill kits, in areas where spills may occur.

Do Not Mix:
Avoid mixing Didecyldimonium chloride with incompatible substances, such as strong bases, oxidizing agents, or reactive metals, as it may result in hazardous chemical reactions or releases of toxic gases.

Labeling: Clearly label containers of Didecyldimonium chloride with the product name, hazard symbols, handling instructions, and storage conditions to ensure proper identification and safe handling.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not ingest Didecyldimonium chloride.
Keep food, beverages, and tobacco products away from areas where Didecyldimonium chloride is handled or stored.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling Didecyldimonium chloride on safe handling procedures, emergency response protocols, and the use of personal protective equipment.


Storage:

Container Selection:
Store Didecyldimonium chloride in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or glass, to prevent moisture ingress and contamination.

Temperature Control:
Store Didecyldimonium chloride in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).

Avoid Freezing:
Protect Didecyldimonium chloride from freezing temperatures, as freezing may result in crystallization or solidification of the solution.
If frozen, allow the solution to thaw completely before use.

Separation:
Store Didecyldimonium chloride away from incompatible substances, including strong oxidizing agents, bases, and reactive metals, to prevent chemical reactions or hazards.

Stability:
Didecyldimonium chloride solutions may degrade over time, especially in the presence of air or light.
Store containers tightly closed to minimize air exposure and degradation.

Handling Precautions:
Handle containers with care to prevent damage or leakage.
Store containers on shelves or racks with adequate support and spacing to prevent tipping or falling.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures, such as locked storage areas or restricted access, to prevent unauthorized handling or tampering with Didecyldimonium chloride.

Emergency Response:
Have appropriate spill containment and cleanup materials readily available in case of spills or leaks.
Train personnel on proper spill response procedures and emergency protocols.

DIDODECYL 3,3'-THIODIPROPIONATE
2,2'-Iminobisethanol; Diethylolamine; DEA; Diolamine; Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; N,N-Diethanolamine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; iminodiethanol; Diaethanolamin (German); Diethanolamin (Czech); 2,2'-iminobis-Ethanol; Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Iminodiethanol; 2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; 2,2'-Iminobis[ethanol]; 2,2'-Iminodi-1-ethanol; 2,2'-Iminodiethanol; N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; cas no: 111-42-2
DIETANOLAMIN %99-(DEA %99)
2,2'-Iminobisethanol; Diethylolamine; DEA; Diolamine; Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; N,N-Diethanolamine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; iminodiethanol; Diaethanolamin (German); Diethanolamin (Czech); 2,2'-iminobis-Ethanol; Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Iminodiethanol; 2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; 2,2'-Iminobis[ethanol]; 2,2'-Iminodi-1-ethanol; 2,2'-Iminodiethanol; N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; cas no: 111-42-2
DIETANOLAMINE %99
Diethyl Isopropanol Amine; DiethanolisopropanolaMine (DEIPA); 2,2'-(2-Hydroxypropylimino)bisethanol; 2,2'-[(2-Hydroxypropyl)imino]bisethanol; 2-Propanol, 1-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-; 1-[BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINO]-2-PROPANOL; N,N-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ISOPROPANOLAMINE; 1-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]propane-2-ol; 1-[bis-2-hydroxy-ethyl-amino]-propan-2-ol; 1-(N,N-bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino)propan-2-ol; 1-[bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-propan-2-ol; 1-[N,N-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINO]-2-PROPANOL; 1-[N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol,94%; 1-[N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol 94% CAS NO:6712-98-7
DIETHANOL ISOPROPANOLAMINE ( deipa)
2,2'-DIHYDROXYDIETHYLAMINE; 2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL; 2,2-IMINODIETHANOL; 2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL,BIS(BETA-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE; BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE; BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE IMINODIETHANOL; DI(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE; DI-BETA-HYDROXYETHYLAMINE; DIETHANOLAMINE; DIETHANOLAMINE SUBSTRATE BUFFER; DIETHYLOLAMINE; LABOTEST-BB LTBB000446; 2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxy-ethylamino)-ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-ethanol; 2,2’-dihydroxy-diethylamin; 2,2’-iminobis-ethano; 2,2’-iminobisethanol; 2,2’-iminobis-Ethanol CAS NO:111-42-2
DIETHANOL ISOPROPANOLAMINE 85% (DEIPA 85%)
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is a chemical compound used as a cement grinding aid and performance enhancer in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is an alkanol amine that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ethanolamines.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often employed in the production of Portland and blended cements, where it helps improve the grinding efficiency, resulting in enhanced cement properties.

CAS Number: 6712-98-7
EC Number: 229-470-3

Diisopropanolamine, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isopropanolamine, Diisopropylolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Dipropylene glycol monoisopropanolamine, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Isocyanatoethyl-2,2-diisopropyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentane, Propanolamine,diethoxy-, 2-Diisopropanolaminoethanol, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N,N-Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, 2,2'-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)imino]bis(propan-1-ol), 2-Propanol, 1-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-, Diethanol-isopropanolamine, Diisopropanol-amine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isopropanolamine, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropylolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N,N-Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropylolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropanolamine, N,N-Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol).



APPLICATIONS


Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is extensively used as a cement grinding aid in the construction industry.
One of its primary applications is to enhance the efficiency of the cement grinding process during the production of Portland and blended cements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a crucial role in reducing the energy consumption associated with cement milling.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed to improve the grindability of clinker, leading to finer particles and increased surface area.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the overall performance of cement by promoting better particle dispersion and preventing agglomeration.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is known for its ability to increase the early and late strength of cement, resulting in improved quality.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used to optimize various cement production parameters, including setting time and rheological properties.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is compatible with different types of cement, allowing its versatile application in various manufacturing processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in controlled dosages, ensuring efficient performance without negatively affecting the properties of the final cement product.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in combination with other cement additives to achieve specific performance targets and characteristics.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%)'s application is vital for cement manufacturers seeking to meet industry standards and regulatory requirements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is an integral part of the ongoing efforts in the cement industry to enhance sustainability and reduce environmental impact.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of cement additives, contributing to the development of innovative and high-performance construction materials.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in optimizing the properties of specialty cements designed for specific construction needs.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in research and development activities aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cement grinding aids.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized to achieve desired properties in the final cement product, such as increased strength, durability, and workability.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the reduction of clinker usage in cement production, supporting efforts to conserve natural resources.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the production of tailor-made cements for specific construction applications and environmental conditions.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is crucial in the development of sustainable and high-performance concrete mixes used in infrastructure projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the optimization of cement production processes, contributing to the overall cost-effectiveness of manufacturing.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the formulation of cement admixtures to enhance the workability and flow characteristics of concrete.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is part of quality control measures to ensure consistent and reliable performance across different cement formulations.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%)'s applications extend to the improvement of cement properties in various environmental conditions and climatic challenges.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used by cement manufacturers as a key ingredient to achieve specific performance characteristics required by construction standards.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be a subject of study and innovation, with ongoing research aimed at expanding its applications and improving its efficiency in the cement industry.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed to optimize the cement milling process, ensuring finer particle size distribution for improved cement quality.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) acts as a dispersing agent, preventing the agglomeration of cement particles during grinding.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) enhances the fluidity of cement, making it easier to handle and transport during construction.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the reduction of clinker consumption, supporting sustainability goals in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of low-temperature cements, enabling applications in cold weather conditions.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the formulation of specialty cements used in the oil and gas industry, including well cementing processes.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is integral in the development of high-performance concrete mixes for demanding structural applications.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the manufacturing of self-leveling and self-compacting concrete, enhancing workability and performance.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied to achieve specific rheological properties in cement, allowing for precise control over the flow characteristics.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in reducing the water demand of cement, leading to more sustainable and eco-friendly construction practices.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the production of blended cements with improved durability and resistance to chemical attacks.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the production of sulfate-resistant cements for applications in aggressive environments.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of cement admixtures to enhance the setting time and early strength of concrete.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of low-alkali cements, reducing the risk of alkali-silica reaction in concrete.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the production of high-strength and high-performance concrete for critical infrastructure projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in precast concrete manufacturing to improve the efficiency of molding and casting processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of decorative and architectural concrete, enhancing surface finish and aesthetics.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used to modify the properties of pozzolanic cements, influencing their reactivity and performance.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the production of rapid-setting cements, allowing for faster construction processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of environmentally friendly cements with reduced carbon footprint.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the formulation of cementitious grouts for applications such as structural repairs and foundation stabilization.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of specialty mortars for specific construction requirements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied to optimize the performance of shotcrete used in tunneling and underground construction.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in research endeavors exploring its potential applications in novel and advanced cementitious materials.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be a subject of exploration in the field of green building materials, contributing to sustainable and resilient construction practices.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is instrumental in the production of high-performance concrete used in demanding structural applications like bridges and skyscrapers.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied to enhance the durability and resistance to chemical attacks in various types of specialized cement.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the formulation of low-alkali cements, reducing the risk of alkali-silica reaction in concrete structures.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of self-healing concrete, improving the longevity and maintenance of infrastructure.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of expansive cements, aiding in controlling volume changes during the setting and hardening processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in creating high-strength mortar used in the construction of load-bearing walls and other structural elements.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the production of non-shrink grouts, ensuring a stable and durable foundation for heavy machinery and equipment.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of colored concrete, allowing for a wide range of decorative and aesthetic possibilities.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds use in the manufacturing of fiber-reinforced concrete, improving tensile strength and crack resistance.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of lightweight concrete used in applications where reduced structural weight is critical.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the production of high-performance shotcrete, providing reliable support in tunneling and slope stabilization projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of underwater concrete, ensuring proper cohesion and setting even in submerged conditions.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of polymer-modified concrete, enhancing flexibility, and reducing permeability.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the formulation of fire-resistant concrete, contributing to the safety of structures in fire-prone environments.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the development of pervious concrete, allowing for improved water drainage and reduced runoff.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the manufacturing of air-entrained concrete, enhancing freeze-thaw resistance in cold climates.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the production of high-density concrete, commonly used in radiation shielding applications.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of low-heat concrete, reducing the risk of thermal cracking during the hydration process.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of high-volume fly ash concrete, utilizing industrial by-products for sustainable construction.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of special purpose concretes for applications in the nuclear and waste containment industries.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the production of geopolymer concrete, offering an alternative to traditional Portland cement-based materials.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the manufacturing of concrete pipes, ensuring optimal strength and durability in water and wastewater systems.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of pre-stressed concrete, improving the structural integrity of beams and columns.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the formulation of expansive grouts, aiding in soil stabilization and foundation repair projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be explored for its potential applications in emerging trends, such as 3D printing of concrete structures and sustainable construction practices.



DESCRIPTION


Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is a chemical compound used as a cement grinding aid and performance enhancer in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is an alkanol amine that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ethanolamines.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often employed in the production of Portland and blended cements, where it helps improve the grinding efficiency, resulting in enhanced cement properties.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is a versatile chemical compound with applications in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is known for its role as a cement grinding aid and performance enhancer.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) belongs to the ethanolamine family, containing both amine and alcohol functional groups.

With a molecular weight of approximately 163.21 g/mol, DEIPA is soluble in water.
The chemical formula for DEIPA is C7H17NO3, reflecting its composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often used to improve the efficiency of cement grinding processes, leading to enhanced cement properties.

The 85% concentration in DEIPA 85% indicates the strength of the solution commonly available in the market.
As a grinding aid, DEIPA contributes to the reduction of the viscosity of cement during the grinding process, improving its fluidity.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is compatible with various types of cement, including Portland and blended cements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is chosen for its ability to enhance both early and late strength of cement, resulting in improved overall quality.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in controlled dosages based on specific cement formulations and production requirements.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a vital role in the reduction of energy consumption during cement grinding.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is known for its relatively low toxicity compared to some alternative grinding aids.
The chemical compatibility of DEIPA allows its use in combination with other cement additives.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed to increase the grindability of clinker and improve the overall efficiency of the cement production process.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often handled in industrial settings with appropriate safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the performance of cement by promoting better particle dispersion and reducing agglomeration.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) serves as a valuable tool for cement manufacturers aiming to achieve specific quality and performance targets.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%)'s application is crucial in optimizing cement production parameters for varying environmental conditions.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is part of the ongoing efforts in the cement industry to enhance sustainability and resource efficiency.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) undergoes strict quality control measures to ensure consistent performance in different cement formulations.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed as a key ingredient in the formulation of cement additives to meet specific industry requirements.
The use of Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) aligns with industry standards and regulations governing cement production.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is stored and transported in accordance with safety guidelines to prevent any potential hazards.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be a subject of research and development, with ongoing efforts to improve its efficiency and applicability in the cement manufacturing process.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C7H17NO3
Molecular Weight: Approximately 163.21 g/mol
Appearance: Clear liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
Solubility in Water: Soluble
pH (1% solution): Approximately 9.0 - 11.0
Boiling Point: Not readily available
Melting Point: Not readily available
Density: Approximately 1.03 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Flash Point: Not readily available
Autoignition Temperature: Not readily available
Vapor Pressure: Not readily available
Viscosity: Not readily available
Refractive Index: Not readily available
Freezing Point: Not readily available
Vapor Density: Not readily available
Flammability: Not readily available
Explosive Properties: Not classified as explosive
Corrosivity: May cause corrosion in metals under certain conditions
Partition Coefficient (Log P): Not readily available
Critical Temperature: Not readily available
Critical Pressure: Not readily available
Evaporation Rate: Not readily available
Stability: Stable under normal conditions



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
Allow the person to rest in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen if trained to do so.
Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists or if symptoms worsen.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation, redness, or rash develops, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be laundered before reuse.


Eye Contact:

In case of eye contact, flush eyes with plenty of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation persists or if there is evidence of injury.


Ingestion:

If DEIPA is accidentally ingested, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly and drink plenty of water.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.
Provide the medical personnel with information about the ingested substance.


General First Aid Measures:

If someone shows signs of irritation or an allergic reaction after exposure to DEIPA, remove the person from the source of exposure.
Provide comfort and reassurance to the affected individual.
If there are visible signs of chemical burns, rinse the affected area with copious amounts of water.
If the person is unconscious or experiencing difficulty breathing, seek emergency medical assistance immediately.
Do not administer any medication or other substances unless directed by medical professionals.


Notes for Medical Personnel:

DEIPA is an alkanolamine, and exposure may cause irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes.
Provide supportive care based on the individual's symptoms and the severity of exposure.
If skin burns occur, assess the extent of the burns and provide appropriate wound care.
In case of ingestion, monitor vital signs and provide treatment based on the symptoms.


Additional Information:

Always have a copy of the safety data sheet (SDS) readily available for emergency responders.
Follow workplace protocols and emergency response procedures in case of accidental exposure.
If there is uncertainty about the extent of exposure or the severity of symptoms, seek professional medical advice promptly.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or if exposure limits are exceeded.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area, or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid inhaling vapors or mists.

Avoidance of Contact:
Minimize direct skin contact.
If contact occurs, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling DEIPA.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical.
Provide eye wash stations and safety showers in areas where DEIPA is handled.

Spill Response:
In case of spills, contain the spill using suitable absorbent materials.
Avoid contact with spilled material, and follow proper cleanup procedures.
Dispose of contaminated materials in accordance with local regulations.

Equipment Handling:
Use appropriate handling equipment and tools to minimize direct contact with DEIPA.
Ensure equipment is properly maintained to prevent leaks or spills.

Transportation:
Transport DEIPA in accordance with local and international regulations.
Use suitable containers that are compatible with the substance.


Storage Conditions:

Storage Location:
Store DEIPA in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep away from incompatible materials and sources of heat.

Temperature Control:
Store at temperatures specified by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Container Type:
Use containers made of materials compatible with DEIPA.
Consult the SDS for guidance.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Protection from Elements:
Protect DEIPA from direct sunlight, moisture, and sources of ignition.

Separation from Incompatibles:
Store DEIPA away from incompatible substances, such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents.
Follow compatibility information provided in the SDS.

Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities, use appropriate storage facilities with containment measures to prevent spills and leaks.
Implement spill response and containment measures.

Labeling:
Ensure that storage containers are clearly labeled with the product name, hazard symbols, and other relevant information.
Clearly mark containers with appropriate hazard warnings.

Security Measures:
Implement appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the storage area.
Comply with local regulations and facility security protocols.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response procedures in place, including spill cleanup measures and contact information for relevant authorities.
Train personnel on emergency response protocols.

DIETHANOLAMINE
Diethanolamine is an organic base which has been used as an emulsifying and dispersing agent.
Diethanolamine can also be used as a basic buffer, with optimal pH about pH 9, if titrated with HCl or other acid.
Other uses include: to "scrub" gases, as a chemical intermediate, as humectant or softening agent.

CAS: 111-42-2
MF: C4H11NO2
MW: 105.14
EINECS: 203-868-0

Synonyms
DIETHANOLAMINE;111-42-2;2,2'-Iminodiethanol;Diolamine;Iminodiethanol;2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;Diethylolamine;2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine;N,N-Diethanolamine;Diethanolamin;Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-;2,2'-Iminobisethanol;2,2'-Azanediyldiethanol;Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;N,N'-Iminodiethanol;Niax DEOA-LF;Diaethanolamin;Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine;Dabco DEOA-LF;N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;2,2'-Iminodi-1-ethanol;2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol;N,N-Di(hydroxyethyl)amine;61791-44-4;H2dea;NCI-C55174;Di(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine;Bis-2-hydroxyethylamine;Diethylamine, 2,2'-dihydroxy-;Diolamine [INN];Tegoamin deoa 85;Ethanol, 2,2'-iminodi-;NSC 4959;2,2'Iminobisethanol;MFCD00002843;CCRIS 5906;HSDB 924

Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2.
Pure diethanolamine is a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool meaning that it is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid.
Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol.
Like other organic amines, diethanolamine acts as a weak base.
Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the secondary amine and hydroxyl groups, DEA is soluble in water.

Diethanolamine Chemical Properties
Melting point: 28 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 217 °C/150 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 1.097 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 3.6 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.477(lit.)
Fp: 280 °F
Storage temp: 2-8°C
Solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: Viscous Liquid or Low Melting Solid
Color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 1.09
Odor: Mild ammoniacal; faint, fishy; characteristic.
PH: 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O)
Pka: 8.88(at 25℃)
Explosive limit: 2.1-10.6%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.04
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02
Merck: 14,3107
BRN: 605315
LogP: -2.46 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 111-42-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diethanolamine(111-42-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diethanolamine (111-42-2)

Uses
Diethanolamine is used as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor.
Diethanolamine is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas.

Diethanolamine is widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and diethanolamine salts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners.
In oil refineries, Diethanolamine in water solution is commonly used to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas.
Diethanolamine has an advantage over a similar amine, ethanolamine, in that a higher concentration may be used for the same corrosion potential.
This allows refiners to scrub hydrogen sulfide at a lower circulating amine rate with less overall energy usage.

To scrub gases as indicated under ethanolamine.
Diethanolamine can be used with cracking gases and coal or oil gases which contain carbonyl sulfide that would react with monoethanolamine.
As rubber chemicals intermediate.
In the manufacture of surface active agents used in textile specialties, herbicides, petroleum demulsifiers.
As emulsifier and dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
In the production of lubricants for the textile industry.
As humectant and softening agent.

Diethanolamine undergoes reactions characteristic of secondary amines and of alcohols.
Two industrially important reactions of the ethanolamines involve reaction with carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide to yield water soluble salts, and reaction with long chain fatty acids to form neutral ethanolamine soaps.
Substituted ethanolamine compounds, such as soaps, are used extensively as emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents, and detergents in cosmetic formulations (including skin cleaners, creams, and lotions).
Diethanolamine is used as a dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, as an absorbent for acidic gases (hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide), as a humectant, as an intermediate in the synthesis of morpholine, as a surface-active agent in cutting fluids, as a corrosion inhibitor, as a component in textile specialty agents, and as a secondary vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry.
Diethanolamine is also used in cleaners and pharmaceutical ointments, in polyurethane formulations, in herbicides, and in a variety of organic syntheses.
Diethanolamine is permitted in articles intended for use in the production, processing, or packaging of food, and is permitted as a secondary direct food additive from use in delinting cottonseed in the production of cottonseed oil or meal cake.
Because of the wide industrial and consumer uses, large amounts of this chemical are discharged into water and sewage in an unaltered form.

Preparation
Diethanolamine is prepared commercially by the ammonolysis of ethylene oxide.
The reaction yields a mixture of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine which is separated to obtain the pure products.

Production Methods
Diethanolamine is produced with monoethanolamine and triethanolamine by ammonolysis of ethylene oxide; Diethanolamine is then separated by distillation.
DIETHANOLAMINE
DIETHANOLAMINE Diethanolamine Diethanolamine Skeletal formula of Diethanolamine Ball-and-stick model of the Diethanolaminemolecule Names IUPAC name 2,2'-aminodiethanol Other names Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine β,β'-Dihydroxydiethylamine Diolamine 2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol 2,2'-Iminobisethanol Iminodiethanol Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)amine 2,2'-Iminodiethanol Identifiers CAS Number 111-42-2 check 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image 3DMet B01050 Beilstein Reference 605315 ChEBI CHEBI:28123 check ChEMBL ChEMBL119604 check ChemSpider 13835604 check ECHA InfoCard 100.003.517 Edit this at Wikidata EC Number 203-868-0 KEGG D02337 check MeSH Diethanolamine PubChem CID 8113 RTECS number KL2975000 UNII AZE05TDV2V check CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID3021932 Edit this at Wikidata InChI[show] SMILES[show] Properties Chemical formula C4H11NO2 Molar mass 105.137 g·mol−1 Appearance Colourless crystals Odor Ammonia odor Density 1.097 g·mL−1 Melting point 28.00 °C; 82.40 °F; 301.15 K Boiling point 271.1 °C; 519.9 °F; 544.2 K Solubility in water Miscible log P -1.761 Vapor pressure <1 Pa (at 20 °C) UV-vis (λmax) 260 nm Refractive index (nD) 1.477 Thermochemistry Heat capacity (C) 137 J·K−1·mol−1 Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) −496.4 – −491.2 kJ·mol−1 Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) −26.548 – −26.498 MJ·kmol−1 Hazards Safety data sheet sciencelab.com GHS pictograms GHS05: Corrosive GHS07: Harmful GHS08: Health hazard GHS Signal word Danger GHS hazard statements H302, H315, H318, H373 GHS precautionary statements P280, P305+351+338 Flash point 138 °C (280 °F; 411 K) Autoignition temperature 365 °C (689 °F; 638 K) Explosive limits 1.6–9.8%[1] Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose) 120 mg·kg−1 (intraperitoneal, rat) 710 mg·kg−1 (oral, rat) 778 mg·kg−1 (intravaneous, rat) 12.2 g·kg−1 (dermal, rabbit) NIOSH (US health exposure limits): PEL (Permissible) None[1] REL (Recommended) TWA: 3 ppm (15 mg/m3)[1] IDLH (Immediate danger) N.D.[1] Related compounds Related alkanols N-Methylethanolamine Dimethylethanolamine Diethylethanolamine N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol Methyl Diethanolamine Triethanolamine Bis-tris methane Meglumine Related compounds Diethylhydroxylamine Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). check verify (what is check☒ ?) Infobox references Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as Diethanolamineor DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2. Pure Diethanolaminei s a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool[2] mean it is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid. Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol. Like other organic amines, Diethanolamine acts as a weak base. Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the secondary amine and hydroxyl groups, Diethanolamine is soluble in water. Amides prepared from Diethanolamine are often also hydrophilic. In 2013, the chemical was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B). Production The reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous ammonia first produces ethanolamine: C2H4O + NH3 → H2NCH2CH2OH which reacts with a second and third equivalent of ethylene oxide to give Diethanolamineand triethanolamine: C2H4O + H2NCH2CH2OH → HN(CH2CH2OH)2 C2H4O + HN(CH2CH2OH)2 → N(CH2CH2OH)3 About 300M kg are produced annually in this way.[3] The ratio of the products can be controlled by changing the stoichiometry of the reactants.[4] Uses Diethanolamine is used as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor. It is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas. Diethanolamineis widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and Diethanolaminesalts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners.[5]In oil refineries, a Diethanolaminein water solution is commonly used to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas. It has an advantage over a similar amine, ethanolamine, in that a higher concentration may be used for the same corrosion potential. This allows refiners to scrub hydrogen sulfide at a lower circulating amine rate with less overall energy usage. Diethanolamineis a chemical feedstock used in the production of morpholine.[3][4] Morpholine from DEA.png Amides derived from Diethanolamineand fatty acids, known as diethanolamides, are amphiphilic. The reaction of 2-chloro-4,5-diphenyloxazole with Diethanolaminegave rise to Ditazole. The reaction of Diethanolamineand Isobutyraldehyde with water removed produces an Oxazolidine. Commonly used ingredients that may contain DEA Diethanolamineis used in the production of diethanolamides, which are common ingredients in cosmetics and shampoos added to confer a creamy texture and foaming action. Consequently, some cosmetics that include diethanolamides as ingredients contain DEA. [6]Some of the most commonly used diethanolamides include: Cocamide DEA DEA-Cetyl Phosphate DiethanolamineOleth-3 Phosphate Lauramide DEA Myristamide DEA Oleamide DEA Safety Diethanolamineis a potential skin irritant in workers sensitized by exposure to water-based metalworking fluids.[7] One study showed that Diethanolamineinhibits in baby mice the absorption of choline, which is necessary for brain development and maintenance;[8] however, a study in humans determined that dermal treatment for 1 month with a commercially available skin lotion containing Diethanolamineresulted in Diethanolaminelevels that were "far below those concentrations associated with perturbed brain development in the mouse".[9] In a mouse study of chronic exposure to inhaled Diethanolamineat high concentrations (above 150 mg/m3), Diethanolaminewas found to induce body and organ weight changes, clinical and histopathological changes, indicative of mild blood, liver, kidney and testicular systemic toxicity.[10] A 2009 study found that Diethanolaminehas potential acute, chronic and subchronic toxicity properties for aquatic species. Properties of diethanolamine Molecular Formula:C4H11NO2 Molecular Weight:105.137 g/mol Flash Point:176°(349°F) Boiling Point:268-270° Flash Point:176°(349°F) Density:1.097 Diethanolamine (DEA or DEOA) is a colorless, viscous liquid organic chemical compound that is both a secondary amine and a dialcohol. According to the International Agency for Research, the compound is a suspected carcinogen to humans. The hydrophilic liquid is used as a surfactant as well as a corrosion inhibitor. DEA is also used to remove hydrogen sulfide from natural gas. Reactivity Profile Diethanolamine is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. This compound is hygroscopic. It may be sensitive to exposure to air and light. This compound can react with oxidizing materials, acids, CO2, copper alloys, aluminum, zinc, galvanized iron and copper. Applications Diethanolamine is used in the preparation of morpholine and diethanolamides, which is an active ingredient in cosmetics and shampoos. It acts as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor. It is utilized to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas. Further, it is an intermediate used in the rubber chemicals, as a humectant and a softening agent, and as an emulsifier and dispersing agent in agricultural chemicals. In addition to this, it is used in cutting oils, cleaners, soaps, polishers, and pharmaceuticals. Health Hazard Information Acute Effects: Acute inhalation exposure to diethanolamine in humans may result in irritation of the nose and throat, and dermal exposure may result in irritation of the skin. Animal studies indicate that exposure to diethanolamine by intravenous injections can cause increased blood pressure, pupillary dilatation, and salivation. At very high doses in animals, sedation, and coma may result. Acute animal studies have shown that dermal exposure to diethanolamine may burn skin, and eye contact with the chemical may impair vision. Acute animal tests in rats have shown diethanolamine to have moderate acute toxicity from oral exposure. Chronic Effects (Noncancer): No information is available on the chronic effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported effects on the liver, kidney, blood, and CNS from chronic oral exposure to diethanolamine. Skin lesions were observed in mice following daily topical administration of diethanolamine. EPA has not established a Reference Concentration (RfC) or a Reference Dose (RfD) for diethanolamine. The California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) has established a chronic reference exposure level of 0.02 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m ) for diethanolamine based on effects on the blood in rats. The CalEPA reference exposure level is a concentration at or below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur. It is not a direct estimator of risk but rather a reference point to gauge the potential effects. At lifetime exposures increasingly greater than the reference exposure level, the potential for adverse health effects increases. Reproductive/Developmental Effects: No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported testicular degeneration and reduced sperm motility and count from oral exposure to diethanolamine. Cancer Risk: No information is available on the carcinogenic effects of diethanolamine in humans. EPA has not classified diethanolamine for carcinogenicity. Air & Water Reactions Water soluble. Fire Hazard Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors are generated when heated. Health Hazard Irritation of eyes and skin. Breathing vapors may cause coughing, a smothering sensation, nausea, headache. Diethanolamine appears as oily colorless liquid or solid white crystals. Slight rotten fish or ammonia odor. Denser than water. (USCG, 1999) CAMEO Chemicals Diethanolamine is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethanolamine having a N-hydroxyethyl substituent. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite. It derives from an ethanolamine. ChEBI Diethanolamine is used in a number of consumer products, such as shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Limited information is available on the health effects of diethanolamine. Acute (short- term) inhalation exposure to diethanolamine in humans may result in irritation of the nose and throat, and dermal exposure may irritate the skin. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported effects on the liver, kidney, blood, and central nervous system (CNS) from chronic oral exposure to diethanolamine. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) reported an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice from dermal exposure to diethanolamine. EPA has not classified diethanolamine for carcinogenicity. Molecular Weight of Diethanolamine 105.14 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) XLogP3 -1.4 Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Diethanolamine 3 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Diethanolamine 3 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Rotatable Bond Count of Diethanolamine 4 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact Mass of Diethanolamine 105.078979 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic Mass of Diethanolamine 105.078979 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological Polar Surface Area of Diethanolamine 52.5 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Heavy Atom Count of Diethanolamine 7 Computed by PubChem Formal Charge of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Complexity of Diethanolamine 28.9 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Isotope Atom Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Diethanolamine 1 Computed by PubChem Compound of Diethanolamine Is Canonicalized Yes Technical products and impurities Diethanolamine is commercially available with the following specifications: purity, 99% min.; monoethanolamine, 0.5% max.; triethanolamine 0.5% max.; and water content, 0.15% max. (Huntsman Corporation, 2008). A lower grade of diethanolamine is commercially available with the following specifications: purity, 55% min.; monoethanolamine, 5% max.; triethanolamine 40% max.; and water content, 1% max. (Elarum, 2010). In Europe, diethanolamine is typically marketed with the following specifications: purity, > 99%; triethanolamine, 1% max.; monoethanolamine, 0.5% max.; and water content, 0.2% max. (OECD, 2007). Diethanolamine is also available as a blend of 83–87% diethanolamine and 13–17% deionized water with monoethanolamine and triethanolamine present as impurities at a maximum concentration of 1% (Huntsman Corporation, 2007). 1.1.5. Analysis Diethanolamine can be determined in workplace air by drawing the air sample through aqueous hexanesulfonic acid and analysing with ion chromatography. The range for this method is 0.30–19.5 mg for a 100-L air sample (NIOSH, 2003). Diethanolamine can be determined in air by drawing the air sample through sampling tubes containing XAD-2 resin coated with 10% 1-naphthylisothiocyanate. Samples are analysed by desorbing the adsorbent with dimethylformamide and quantitating the amine derivative by high performance liquid chromatography using ultraviolet detection (OSHA, 2010). Exposure to diethanolamine from metal working fluids has been determined by high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of aqueous hand-washing solutions and personal air samples collected on acid-treated glass fibre filters (Henriks-Eckerman et al., 2007). Levels of diethanolamine in shampoo products can be determined by liquid chromatography/thermal energy analysis after conversion to N-nitrosodiethanolamine with acetic acid and sodium nitrite (Chou, 2005). 1.2. Production and use 1.2.1. Production Diethanolamine is produced by reacting ethylene oxide with ammonia. In most production facilities, ethylene oxide and ammonia are reacted in a batch process that yields a crude mixture of ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. The mixture is then distilled to separate and purify the individual compounds (Edens & Lochary, 2004). Ethanolamines became available commercially in the early 1930s; they assumed steadily growing commercial importance as intermediates after 1945, because of the large-scale production of ethylene oxide. Since the mid-1970s, economical production of very pure, colourless ethanolamines has been possible (IARC, 2000). It has been estimated that 45 900 and 75 400 tonnes of diethanolamine were produced in the USA in 1972 and 1983, respectively (HSDB, 2010). Estimated annual production of diethanolamine in the USA over three decades is presented in Table 1.1. Table 1.1. Estimated annual production of diethanolamine in the USA (thousand tonnes). Table 1.1 Estimated annual production of diethanolamine in the USA (thousand tonnes). Worldwide production of ethanolamines in 1985 was approximately (thousand tonnes per year): USA, 220; western Europe, 145; south-eastern Asia, 40; South America, 18; and eastern Europe, 4. Of the world production of ethanolamines in 1985, approximately 50% was mono-ethanolamine, 30–35% diethanolamine and 15–20% triethanolamine (Hammer et al., 1987). The annual world capacity for the ethanolamines in 2005 was estimated at 1 510 000 tonnes, subdivided into 400 000 tonnes for Europe (eight production sites), 780 000 tonnes for North and South America (seven production sites), 30 000 tonnes for the Middle East (one production site) and 300 000 tonnes for the Asia/Pacific region (11 production sites). No data on individual capacities for diethanolamine were available (OECD, 2007). Information available in 2010 indicated that diethanolamine was manufactured by 29 companies in the USA, seven companies in Mexico, three companies each in the People's Republic of China and the United Kingdom, two companies each in Canada, Germany, China (Hong Kong SAR) and India, and one company each in Belgium, Slovak Republic and Switzerland (Chemical Sources International, 2010). Other sources indicated that diethanolamine was produced by five companies in the USA (HSDB, 2010), five companies in Germany, three companies in the United Kingdom, three companies in the Netherlands and one company each in Austria, Belgium, Denmark and Sweden (IUCLID, 2000). 1.2.2. Use Diethanolamine is widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and diethanolamine salts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners. Diethanolamine is also used in the production of lubricants in the textile industry, in industrial gas purification to remove acid gases and as an emulsifer and dispersing agent in preparations of agricultural chemicals. Diethanolamine is used in metalworking fluids for cutting, stamping and die-casting operations as a corrosion inhibitor. In the production of detergents, cleaners, fabric solvents and metalworking fluids, diethanolamine is used for acid neutralization and soil deposition. Aqueous diethanolamine solutions are used as solvents for numerous drugs that are administered intravenously. Shampoos and hair dyes may contain free diethanolamine as a component and/or as a contaminant of fatty acid alkanolamides, generally in the range of 0.2–10% (Bailey, 2007). Diethanolamine is used with sulfolane in the sulfinol process to absorb carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gases The database for substances in preparations in Nordic countries lists a wide variety of uses of diethanolamine registered in Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland. In 2004, 520 preparations containing diethanolamine, accounting for a total volume of 19 865.8 tonnes, were registered in Denmark. In Norway, Sweden, and Finland, 103 (856.8 tonnes), 307 (459.0 tonnes), and 75 (132.7 tonnes) products were registered, respectively. Use categories included intermediates, cleaning/washing agents, paints, lacquers and varnishes, surface treatments, cutting fluids, pH-regulation agents, impregnation materials, surface-active agents, corrosion inhibitors, process regulators, colouring agents, reprographic agents, lubricants and additives. Its use in consumer preparations was indicated for products registered in Norway and Sweden (SPIN, 2006; OECD, 2008). 1.3. Occurrence and exposure 1.3.1. Natural occurrence Diethanolamine is not known to occur as a natural product. 1.3.2. Occupational exposure Diethanolamine is present in water-based machining and grinding fluids (soluble oils, semi-synthetic and synthetic metalworking fluids) and has been detected in workplace air in the metal manufacturing industry. It was detected in bulk metalworking fluids at levels ranging from 4 to 5% (Kenyon et al., 1993). Recent exposure to diethanolamine can be inferred from studies showed dermal sensitivity among workers exposed to metalworking fluids (Geier et al., 2004a, b). Moreover, the presence of N-nitrosodiethanolamine in bulk fluids and in the urine of exposed workers may provide indirect evidence for the exposure to diethanolamine from these fluids (Ducos & Gaudin, 2003). According to the 1981–83 National Occupational Exposure Survey (NIOSH, 1999), 800 000 workers (many of whom were metalworkers) in the USA were potentially exposed to diethanolamine. The median air concentration of diethanolamine in nine machine shops in Finland was found to be 64 µg/m3 (Henriks-Eckerman et al., 2007). The presence of diethanolamine has also been reported in wetting fluids used in road paving. A level of 0.05 mg/m3 was detected in a stationary sample at a slurry machine discharging a bitumen emulsion containing 0.2% of the amine. All personal exposures were below the limit of detection (0.02 mg/m3) (Levin et al., 1994). In a study in Germany (1992–94), diethanolamine was detected in samples of metalworking fluids at a range of 0–44% (n = 69). The proportion of samples in which diethanolamine was present steadily declined from 90 to 60% over the study period (Pfeiffer et al., 1996). In 1996, 51 samples of cooling lubricant concentrates from the German market were analysed. Of these, six (12%) showed diethanolamine concentrations of more than 0.2%, with a maximum concentration reaching 0.85%. The occurrence of diethanolamine levels above 0.2% in these concentrates declined from 80% (1991–92), to 53% (1993), 25% (1994), 21% (1995), and 12% (1996). The reduction was due to a change in the composition of the coolant fluids that followed regulatory requirements in Germany (see Section 1.4). The detected residues above 0.2% were not due to the direct addition of diethanolamine as an ingredient, but to contamination by other components in the coolant fluids (Kaup et al., 1997). At a site in Germany, diethanolamine is produced in one production plant and is processed further within eight other operations and plants. Between January 2001 and December 2006, data on 53 workplace exposures covering all operations were collected by means of personal air sampling. The reported data are 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) values for shifts. In the production plant, the highest value recorded was 0.026 mg/m3; at the filling stations, the maximum value recorded was 0.062 mg/m3; and the overall range of the measurements (53) was < 0.019–0.062 mg/m3 (OECD, 2008). 1.3.3. Environmental occurrence Production of diethanolamine and its wide use in industrial and consumer products may result in its release into the environment (Yordy & Alexander, 1981; Beyer et al., 1983; Environment Canada, 1995; Mathews et al., 1995; Knaak et al., 1997). (a) Air According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory, air emissions of diethanolamine from 358 industrial facilities in 1994 were approximately 149 200 kg in the USA (US EPA, 1996). According to the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) of Canada, on-site releases of diethanolamine into the air from 74 facilities amounted to about 40 000 kg/year (Environment Canada, 1995). (b) Water Surface water discharges of diethanolamine from 358 industrial facilities in 1994 in the USA amounted to 100 350 kg, as reported in the Toxics Release Inventory (US EPA, 1996). On-site releases of diethanolamine (and its salts) to water from 74 facilities in Canada amounted to about 26 000 kg/year, as reported to the NPRI (Environment Canada, 1995). Because of the spectrum of industrial and consumer uses of diethanolamine and its miscibility with water, large amounts of the chemical can be discharged into wastewater and sewage in an unaltered form (Yordy & Alexander, 1981; Mathews et al., 1995). Diethanolamine was not detected in a study carried out in 1978 in any of the 21 samples taken from surface water in Japan (Japanese Department of Environmental Health, 1985). Diethanolamine was detected in German surface waters of the Rivers Elbe at 0.34–0.58 µg/L, Mulde at 2.54–4.6 µg/L, Neibe at 0.72–1.8 µg/L and Rhine at 0.30–0.59 µg/L (Pietsch et al., 2001; OECD, 2008). (c) Soil Releases of diethanolamine to the land and underground from 358 industrial facilities in the USA in 1994 (as reported to the Toxics Release Inventory) amounted to 77 050 kg and 36 850 kg, respectively (US EPA, 1996). Canadian on-site releases of diethanolamine (and its salts) to land and underground amounted to about 118 000 kg and 497 000 kg/year, respectively, as reported to the NPRI (Environment Canada, 1995). 1.3.4. Occurrence in personal care products Free diethanolamine is reported to be a contaminant in fatty acid-diethanolamine condensates (amides of coconut oil acid, oleic acid and lauric acid) at levels ranging from < 1% to nearly 19%. Diethanolamine also occurs as a contaminant in triethanolamine products (see Table 1.3). Table 1.3. Diethanolamine content of several condensates. Table 1.3 Diethanolamine content of several condensates. Potential exposure to diethanolamine in personal care products arises from the use of alkanolamides of diethanolamine, which are condensation products of diethanolamine and fatty acids (e.g. cocamide diethanolamine, a reaction product of diethanolamine and coconut oil-derived fatty acids). Cocamide diethanolamine, lauramide diethanolamine, linoleamide diethanolamine and oleamide diethanolamine are fatty acid diethanolamides that may contain 4r33% diethanolamine, and are present in cosmetics at concentrations of < 0.1–50% (Dea, 1986). Twenty shampoo products were analysed and 19 were found to contain diethanolamine at levels ranging from 140 to 15 200 ppm (Chou, 2005). In a substudy to assess skin absorption, a commercially available body lotion was found to contain 1.8 mg/g diethanolamine (Craciunescu et al., 2009). In a study of skin penetration, two representative shampoo formulations containing coconut diethanolamide at a concentration of 4% were found to contain 0.98% diethanolamine; two shampoos and a bubble bath containing 4.75% lauramide diethanolamine contained 0.25% diethanolamine; a leave-on emulsion containing 2% triethanolamine contained 0.008% diethanolamine; and an oxidative hair dye containing 4.7% lauramide diethanolamine contained 0.25% diethanolamine, while two other hair dye products containing 1.4% lauramide diethanolamine contained 0.075% diethanolamine (Brain et al., 2005). In a study of the penetration of cosmetic products through intact human skin, a shampoo containing cocamide diethanolamine was found to include 0.092% free diethanolamine, and a second shampoo containing lauramide diethanolamine included 0.28% free diethanolamine (Kraeling et al., 2004). 1.3.5. Detection in body fluids and daily exposure estimates After about 3 or 4 weeks of using a body lotion containing 1.8 mg/g diethanolamine, plasma concentrations of the compound in three volunteer subjects ranged from 3 to 7 nmol/mL (Craciunescu et al., 2009) [data were read from a graph]. Craciunescu et al., (2006) provided exposure estimates of 8–200 mg/kg per day from daily use of shampoo. An alternative calculation using a lower diethanolamine content in shampoo and lower skin penetration rates suggested that the exposure to diethanolamine for a 60-kg adult would be in the range of 0.2–2 µg/kg per day (Bailey, 2007). [The Working Group noted the large discrepancy in the estimated values between the two studies.] 1.4. Regulations and guidelines Occupational exposure limits and guidelines for diethanolamine are presented in Table 1.4. Table 1.4. Occupational exposure limits and guidelines for diethanolamine. Table 1.4 Occupational exposure limits and guidelines for diethanolamine. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permits the use of diethanolamine as a component of adhesives in food packaging, as an indirect food additive, as a component of uncoated or coated food contact surfaces of paper and paperboard for use with dry solid foods with no free fat or oil on the surface, and for use only as an adjuvant to control pulp absorbance and pitch content in the manufacture of paper and paperboard or for use only in paper mill boilers in the USA (FDA, 2010). A technical standard in Germany limits the level of diethanolamine in water-mixable cooling lubricants to 0.2% (Kaup et al., 1997). Go to: 2. Cancer in Humans The Working Group was not aware of any study that specifically examined the risk of cancer among persons exposed to diethanolamine. While diethanolamine is found in personal care products, no epidemiological studies evaluating human cancer in association with diethanolamine were identified. However, ethanolamines have been used as additives in metalworking fluids since the 1950s and are present in wetting fluids used in asphalt paving. Exposures to these agents occur as complex mixtures and there is a large database of studies on workers exposed in these occupational settings. In light of the complex mixtures, and concomitant occupational exposures, any observed elevations in risk cannot be specifically attributed to diethanolamine or to any other constituent of the complex mixtures. The Working Group, therefore, did not make a detailed evaluation of these studies. The data on metalworking fluids are reviewed below, although a formal evaluation by the Working Group is not provided. There are four major types of metalworking fluid: straight (generally mineral oils), soluble and semi-synthetic (straight oils diluted with water and additives) and synthetic (water and additives with no oil). [Exposure assessments for soluble and synthetic are often combined for analysis.] Ethanolamines — either diethanolamine or triethanolamine — are common additives to soluble, semi-synthetic and synthetic metal-working fluids (see Section 1). Diethanolamine may also be present as an unintended impurity of intended triethanolamine or fatty acid diethanolamide additives. Metalworking fluids are complex mixtures that may vary considerably, depending on the type of fluid and the additives used. These mixtures may contain many potential carcinogens and, in particular, potential exposure to N-nitrosodiethanolamine occurred in all of the studies considered. The use of diethanolamine and nitrites together as additives to metalworking fluids can lead to the formation of N-nitrosodiethanolamine. Therefore, workers in any study that noted exposure to N-nitrosodiethanolamine would also have been exposed to the diethanolamine from which the nitroso derivative was formed. In this review, only studies that included workers exposed to water-based (soluble, synthetic and semi-synthetic) metalworking fluids were included.
DIETHOXYETHYL SUCCINATE
DIETHYL ADIPATE, N° CAS : 141-28-6, Nom INCI : DIETHYL ADIPATE, Nom chimique : Diethyl hexanedioate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 205-477-0, Ses fonctions (INCI): Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
DIETHYL ADIPATE
Diethylamine; (Diethyl)amine; Diethylamine (deprecated[2]); diethyl amine; 2,2'-diethylamine cas no:109-89-7
DIETHYL ADIPATE
Diethyl adipate is an organic solvent that can be used in organic synthesis, plasticizer, polymer and fragrance synthesis.
Diethyl adipate can also be used as a plasticizer in the development of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) based membranes for the pervaporation of water and toluene based blends.
When exposed to air, Diethyl adipate undergoes oxidation reactions catalyzed by chlorine or hydrochloric acid, producing nitrogen oxides and water vapor.

EC Number: 205-477-0
CAS Number: 141-28-6
Molecular Formula: C10H18O4
Molar Mass: 202.25 g/mol

Diethyl adipate is a clear colorless liquid product, mainly used as plasticizer or solvent.
Diethyl adipates ignificantly increase the elongation of the sheets and slightly increased the water vapor permeability.

Diethyl adipate is a fatty acid ester.
Diethyl adipate is generally utilized as a plasticizer.
Diethyl adipate appears as a Clear, colorless to yellow colored liquid with a molecular formula of C10H18O4.

Diethyl adipate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, for intermediate use only.
Diethyl adipate is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Diethyl adipate is a fatty acid ester.
Diethyl adipate can also be used as a plasticizer in the development of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) based membranes for the pervaporation of water and toluene based blends.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) gels in Diethyl adipate with fibrillar morphology is presented.
Gelation process obeys the three-dimensional percolation mechanism.
Combustion and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine is fueled with diesel-Diethyl adipate blends.

Diethyl adipate is a film-forming polymer that is used in the production of polyurethanes.
Diethyl adipate is produced by reacting diethyl ether with adipic acid, which creates a hydroxyl group on the molecule.

Diethyl adipate has been shown to be chemically stable and can be used as a surface methodology for the detection of fatty acids in human serum.
The film-forming properties of Diethyl adipate allow Diethyl adipate to be used as a coating agent for various surfaces such as paper, textiles, and plastics.

When exposed to air, Diethyl adipate undergoes oxidation reactions catalyzed by chlorine or hydrochloric acid, producing nitrogen oxides and water vapor.
Diethyl adipate has three different chemical structures: one with two hydroxyl groups (-OCH2-), one with one hydroxyl group (-OCH-) and one without hydroxyl groups (-O-).

Diethyl adipate is an organic solvent that can be used in organic synthesis, plasticizer, polymer and fragrance synthesis.
Diethyl adipate can also be used in the synthesis of hexanediol and oligoadipamide, which can be layered with perfluoropolyether networks for protective coating applications.

Diethyl adipate, a fatty ester, is processed from the esterification of adipic acid and ethanol.
Diethyl adipatecan be used as a plasticizer.

Diethyl adipate a fatty ester, is processed from the esterification of adipic acid and ethanol.
Diethyl adipate can be used as a plasticizer.

Diethyl adipate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is used as a solvent, food preservative, and as a plasticizer for plastics intended for direct contact with food and beverages.

Diethyl adipate can be used as a plasticizer for the formation of ethylcellulose based coating membranes which can be potentially used in drug delivery systems.
Diethyl adipate may also be used as a plasticizer during the fabrication of electronic artificial tongue sensors for analyzing the intensity of olive oils.

Applications of Diethyl adipate:
Diethyl adipate can be used in the synthesis of oligoadipamide, which can be layered with perfluoropolyether networks for protective coating applications.
Diethyl adipate can also be used as a plasticizer in the development of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) based membranes for the pervaporation of water and toluene based blends.

Poly(vinylidene flouride) (PVF2) gels in Diethyl adipate with fibrillar morphology is presented.

Gelation process obeys the three-dimensional percolation mechanism.
Combustion and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine is fueled with diesel-Diethyl adipate blends.

Uses of Diethyl adipate:
Diethyl adipate is an organic solvent that can be used in organic synthesis, plasticizer, polymer and fragrance synthesis.
Diethyl adipate can also be used in the synthesis of hexanediol and oligoadipamide, which can be layered with perfluoropolyether networks for protective coating applications.

Diethyl adipate is used as plasticizer and chemical intermediate.

Diethyl adipate is used in organic synthesis,can be hydrogenated into hexamelhylene glycol.
Diethyl adipate is also used in personal care chemical industry and food industry.

Diethyl adipate uses and applications include: Fragrance in cosmetics; flavor; plasticizer; solvent; reactant in manufacturing of polyester

Uses at industrial sites:
Diethyl adipate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diethyl adipate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diethyl adipate can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Diethyl adipate is classified as:
Emollient
Masking
Skin conditioning

Properties of Diethyl adipate:
Diethyl adipate is colourless, transparent liquid,b.p.246℃,m.p.-19.8℃,refractive index 1.427(20℃.
Diethyl adipate is soluble in many organic solvents as ethanol,soluble in water.

Functions of Diethyl adipate:

Emollient:
Softens and smoothes the skin

Masking:
Reduces or inhibits the odor or basic taste of Diethyl adipate

Skin conditioning:
Keeps the skin in good condition

Manufacture of Diethyl adipate:
Release to the environment of Diethyl adipate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of Diethyl adipate.
Diethyl adipate, when heated with sodium ethoxide, gives Diethyl adipate shown, by an intramolecular Claisen condensation.

Structure of Diethyl adipate:
A chemical structure of a molecule includes the arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.
The Diethyl adipate molecule contains a total of 31 bond(s).
There are 13 non-H bond(s), 2 multiple bond(s), 9 rotatable bond(s), 2 double bond(s), and 2 ester(s) (aliphatic).

The carbon atoms in the chemical structure of Diethyl adipate are implied to be located at the corner(s) and hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms are not indicated – each carbon atom is considered to be associated with enough hydrogen atoms to provide the carbon atom with four bonds.

The 3D chemical structure image of Diethyl adipate is based on the ball-and-stick model which displays both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them.
The radius of the spheres is therefore smaller than the rod lengths in order to provide a clearer view of the atoms and bonds throughout the chemical structure model of It.

Handling and storage of Diethyl adipate:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Store in cool place.

Storage:
Suggested storage of Diethyl adipate: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed

Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 10: Combustible liquids

Stability and reactivity of Diethyl adipate:

Reactivity:
No data available

Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Conditions to avoid:
No data available

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First aid measures of Diethyl adipate:

General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.

In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.

If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures of Diethyl adipate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Special hazards arising from Diethyl adipate:
Carbon oxides

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Accidental release measures of Diethyl adipate:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Disposal Methods:
At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision.
Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Identifiers of Diethyl adipate:
CAS No: 141-28-6
Molecular Weight: 202.25
Boiling point: 251 C
Melting point: (-20)-(-19)C
Density: 0
Description: Clear, colorless to yellow colored liquid
Solubility: Miscible with Dichlorometane
Specific gravity(at 25C): 1.006-1.010
Moisture content (by KF): NMT 0.50%
Purity by GC(area%): NLT 98.00%
Molecular Formula: C10H18O4

CAS number: 141-28-6
EC number: 205-477-0
Hill Formula: C₁₀H₁₈O₄
Chemical formula: C₂H₅OOC(CH₂)₄COOC₂H₅
Molar Mass: 202.25 g/mol
HS Code: 2917 12 00

Synonym(s): Hexanedioic acid 1,6-diethyl ester, NSC 19160, NSC 3363
Linear Formula: C2H5OCO(CH2)4COOC2H5
CAS Number: 141-28-6
Molecular Weight: 202.25
Beilstein: 1780035
EC Number: 205-477-0
MDL number: MFCD00009215
PubChem Substance ID: 24854754
NACRES: NA.23

CAS Number: 141-28-6
EINECS/ELINCS No: 205-477-0
COSING REF No: 55839
Chem/IUPAC Name: Diethyl hexanedioate

Properties of Diethyl adipate:
Boiling point: 251 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.01 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 113 °C
Melting Point: -19.8 °C
Solubility:
Quality Level: 200
product line: ReagentPlus®
Assay: 99%
form: liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.427 (lit.)
bp: 251 °C (lit.)
mp: −20-−19 °C (lit.)
density: 1.009 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC
InChI: 1S/C10H18O4/c1-3-13-9(11)7-5-6-8-10(12)14-4-2/h3-8H2,1-2H3
InChI key: VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 202.25 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 1.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 9
Exact Mass: 202.12050905 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 202.12050905 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Complexity: 157
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Diethyl adipate:
Name: Diethyl adipate, 98%
Category: Fine chemicals
Brand: Avra Synthesis
Pack size: 25gm
Catalog number: ASD3035.25gm

Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 1.007 - 1.009
Identity (IR): passes test

Melting Point: -18.0°C
Color: Colorless
Density: 1.0000g/mL
Boiling Point: 132.0°C (15.0 mmHg)
Flash Point: >110°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99%
Packaging: Glass bottle
Linear Formula: CH3CH2OCO(CH2)4COOCH3CH2
Refractive Index: 1.4260 to 1.4280
Quantity: 100 g
Beilstein: 02, 652
Specific Gravity: 1
Formula Weight: 202.25
Percent Purity: 99%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: Diethyl adipate

Other Descriptions of Diethyl adipate:

Use and Manufacturing:
Plasticizer

Chemical Properties:
CLEAR COLORLESS LIQUID

Production Methods:
Diethyl adipate is manufactured by esterifying adipic acid with ethanol.

Related Products
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene
Dimethyl N-Cyanodithioiminocarbonate
(E)-1-(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)propan-2-one Oxime
2,2-Dimethyl Cyclopentanamine
N,N-Dimethyldecylamine

Names of Diethyl adipate:

IUPAC Names:
1,6-diethyl hexanedioate
Adipic acid, diethylester
diethyl adipate
DIETHYL ADIPATE
Diethyl hexanedioate
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester

Synonyms of Diethyl adipate:
DIETHYL ADIPATE
141-28-6
Diethyl hexanedioate
Ethyl adipate
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester
Adipic acid, diethyl ester
1,6-Diethyl hexanedioat
ADIPIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl-
Diethylhexanedioic acid
Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-diethyl ester
Diethylester kyseliny adipove
NSC 19160
hexanedioic acid diethyl ester
UNII-7B19K45L6C
Ethyl .delta.-carboethoxyvalerate
7B19K45L6C
MFCD0000921
68201-71-8
Diethyl adipate, 99%
diethyl hexane-1,6-dioate
WLN: 2OV4VO2
Ethyldelta-Carboethoxyvalerate
Ethyl delta-carboethoxyvalerate
HSDB 5413
EINECS 205-477-0
Diethylester kyseliny adipove [Czech]
BRN 1780035
diethyladipate
AI3-00342
Adipic acid diethyl
ACMC-209cl
SCHEMBL50610
BIDD:ER0365
Diethyl adipate, >=99%, FG
Diethyl adipate, analytical standard
Diethyl adipate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Diethyl adipate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
1,6-Diethyl hexanedioate
Diethyl adipatate
Diethyl1,6-hexanedioate
Diethylester kyseliny adipove
diethylesterkyselinyadipove
Ethyl delta-carboethoxyvalerate
Diethyl adipate, 99% 100GR
DIETHYL ADIPATE FOR SYNTHESIS
Hexanedioic acid 1,6-diethyl ester
NSC 19160
NSC 3363
Diethyl adipate Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Diethyleadipate
Diethyl adipate ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Diethyl adipate, AR,99.5%
ethyldelta-carboethoxyvalerate
ETHYL ADIPATE
ETHYL ADIPATE (DI)
DIETHYL ADIPATE
DIETHYL HEXANEDIOATE
hexanedioic acid diethyl ester
ADIPIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
DIETHYL ADIPATE, STANDARD FOR GC
Diethyl Adipate-13C6
DIETHYLADIPATE(HEXANEDIOICACIDDIETHYLESTER)
Butane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
Hexanedioic acid diethyl
Diethyl adipate,99%
Diethyl adipate, 99%, for synthesis
Diethyl Adipate >
Diethyl adipate,ethyl adipate
DIETHYL ADIPATE 141-28-6
DIETHYL ADIPATE
141-28-6
Diethyl hexanedioate
Ethyl adipate
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester
1,6-Diethyl hexanedioate
Adipic acid, diethyl ester
ADIPIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl-
Diethylhexanedioic acid
Diethylester kyseliny adipove
NSC 19160
hexanedioic acid diethyl ester
Ethyl delta-carboethoxyvalerate
HSDB 5413
EINECS 205-477-0
Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-diethyl ester
Diethylester kyseliny adipove [Czech]
BRN 1780035
UNII-7B19K45L6C
AI3-00342
Ethyl .delta.-carboethoxyvalerate
7B19K45L6C
NSC-19160
68201-71-8
WLN: 2OV4VO2
68989-28-6
diethyladipate
Adipic acid diethyl
DUB DEA
SCHEMBL50610
BIDD:ER0365
DIETHYL ADIPATE [HSDB]
DIETHYL ADIPATE [INCI]
Diethyl adipate, >=99%, FG
DTXSID2021999
CHEBI:34697
NSC3363
AMY11024
NSC-3363
NSC19160
Diethyl adipate, analytical standard
MFCD00009215
AKOS009031409
DS-5105
Diethyl adipate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
A0162
FT-0621916
EN300-19693
Diethyl adipate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
A807746
J-007477
Q27116229
F1905-6995
Z104474764
DIETHYL AMINE 
DIETHYL CARBONATE, N° CAS : 105-58-8, Nom INCI : DIETHYL CARBONATE, Nom chimique : Carbonic acid, diethyl ester, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-311-1
DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER)
DESCRIPTION:
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane is a polyether that consists of undecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 3, 6 and 9 are replaced by oxygen atoms.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a glycol ether used as a solvent in the production of paints, varnishes, and other coatings.

CAS Number: 112-36-7
EC Number: 203-963-7
IUPAC name: 1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane


Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) has been shown to be chemically stable and non-toxic when used at low concentrations.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) can also be used as an alternative solvent for x-ray crystallography experiments because it produces high quality crystals of proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds.
The hydroxyl group on its structure makes Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) an excellent substrate for film formation.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is also able to bind to receptors in autoimmune diseases, which may be due to its structural similarity to the natural neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether), is a product of Ethylene Oxide and Ethanol.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is chemically known as a Ethyl Diglycol, 2-hydroxy-2-ethoxy-diethyl ether.
Commercially it is known as a Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether).

APPLICATIONS OF DIETHYL CARBITOL :
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a very useful organic solvent.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) has a high boiling point and has been used to study the activities of enzymes in aqueous organic mixtures.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) has low setting point and low viscocity at low temperature so it is used in manufacturing Brake Fluid.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used as a flow and gloss promoter in paint industries.
The extendability of solution has also increased.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in production of printing ink and as a cleaner in offset printing.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in textile as a solvent for dyestuff in the printing and dying of fiber & fabrics.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) prevents the gel formation in liquid detergent and cleaner formulation.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is also used a solubilizer in drilling and cutting coolants.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in the production & formulation of pesticides & wood preservaties.

Due to its low volatility property Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in Indian & ink ball point pastes.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is also used in cosmetic & perfumary industry as a solvent.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) does not attack rubber.










SOLUBILITY OF DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER):
Miscible with hydrocarbons, ethanol, ethyl ether and organic solvents.
Immiscible with water.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER):
Chemical formula: C8H18O3
Molar mass: 162.22 g/mol
CAS number 112-36-7
EC number 203-963-7
Hill Formula C₈H₁₈O₃
Chemical formula (C₂H₅OCH₂CH₂)₂O
Molar Mass 162.23 g/mol
HS Code 2909 19 90
Boiling point 189 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 0.91 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point 67 °C
Ignition temperature 174 °C
Melting Point -44 °C
Vapor pressure 0.7 hPa (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 98.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.906 - 0.908
Peroxide (as H₂O₂) ≤ 0.005 %
Identity (IR) passes test
Storage Store below +30°C.
Molecular Weight 162.23
XLogP3 0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 3
Rotatable Bond Count 8
Exact Mass 162.125594432
Monoisotopic Mass 162.125594432
Topological Polar Surface Area 27.7 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 11
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 58.4
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Melting Point -44°C
Density 0.909
Boiling Point 188°C to 190°C
Flash Point 71°C (160°F)
Odor Weak
Linear Formula (CH3CH2OCH2CH2)2O
Refractive Index 1.412
Quantity 500 mL
Beilstein 1699259
Merck Index 14,3118
Solubility Information Miscible with hydrocarbons,ethanol,ethyl ether and organic solvents. Immiscible with water.
Formula Weight 162.23
Percent Purity 99%
Chemical Name or Material Diethylene glycol diethyl ether
Water Solubility 11.4 mg/mL
logP 0.64
logP 0.74
logS -1.2
pKa (Strongest Basic) -3.7
Physiological Charge 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3
Hydrogen Donor Count 0
Polar Surface Area 27.69 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count 8
Refractivity 44.6 m3•mol-1
Polarizability 19.75 Å3
Number of Rings 0
Bioavailability 1
Rule of Five Yes
Ghose Filter Yes
Veber's Rule Yes
MDDR-like Rule No

Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.90700 to 0.91200 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.556 to 7.598
Refractive Index: 1.41000 to 1.41400 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -45.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 188.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 190.00 to 191.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.521000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Flash Point: 160.00 °F. TCC ( 71.11 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.390
Soluble in:
alcohol
water, 1.00E+06mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
Identity (IR) complying
Assay (GC) Min. 99.0 %
Water (Karl Fischer) Max. 0.05 %
Absorbance at 400 nm Max. 0.01
Absorbance at 350 nm Max. 0.01
Absorbance at 320 nm Max. 0.04
Absorbance at 300 nm Max. 0.10
Absorbance at 260 nm Max. 1.0
Vapor Density 5.6 (vs air)





SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER)
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.





SYNONYMS OF DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER)
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER
112-36-7
2-Ethoxyethyl ether
1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
Diethyl carbitol
Ethyl diglyme
Diethyldiethylene glycol
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether
Ether, bis(2-ethoxyethyl)
3,6,9-Trioxaundecane
DEGDEE
diethyleneglycoldiethylether
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-ethoxy-
Ethyldiglyme
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-1-ethoxyethane
Diethylether diethylenglykolu
1-Ethoxy-2-(beta-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy-
diethyleneglycol diethyl ether
DTXSID3025047
CHEBI:44664
ZH086O935Z
MFCD00009254
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether; Ethyldiglyme; Hisolve EDE
HSDB 68
P4G
Glycol, diethylene-, diethyl ether
EINECS 203-963-7
Diethylether diethylenglykolu [Czech]
BRN 1699259
diethoxydiglycol
UNII-ZH086O935Z
AI3-19428
ethoxyethyl ether
HISOLVE EDE
(1-ethoxy)-ethyl ether
EC 203-963-7
diethyleneglycol diethylether
1,5-diethoxy-3-oxapentane
SCHEMBL16596
Diethylene glycol diethylether
diethylene glycol-diethyl ether
DIETHOXYDIGLYCOL [INCI]
1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy)ethane
1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxyethane)
DTXCID505047
CHEMBL1235106
Diethyl ene glycol diethyl ether
Diethylene glycol, diethyl ether
ZINC2041052
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-ethoxy-]
Tox21_302050
1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxyl)ethane
1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethane
AKOS015915322
1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane #
DB08357
1-Ethoxy-2-(.beta.-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
NCGC00164135-01
NCGC00255128-01
CAS-112-36-7
B0489
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER [MI]
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, HPLC Grade
FT-0624903
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER [HSDB]
A802561
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, for HPLC, >=99%
J-509308
Q5275148
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, reagent grade, >=98%
F8881-4182
2-Ethoxyethyl ether, Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether, Diethyldiglycol
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98+ %



DIETHYL CARBONATE
DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE, N° CAS : 100-37-8, Nom INCI : DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE, Nom chimique : Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino), N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-845-2. Ses fonctions (INCI): Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. Noms français : 2-Diethylaminoethanol; 2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE; BETA-DIETHYLAMINOETHYL ALCOHOL;DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE DIETHYLAMINO-2 ETHANOL; Diethylaminoethanol; DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE; DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE (DEEA); Diéthylamino-2 éthanol; Diéthylaminoéthanol; N,N-DIETHYL-2-AMINOETHANOL; N,N-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL; N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE. Noms anglais : 2-Diethylaminoethanol. Utilisation; Fabrication de produits organiques, agent dispersant. 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol 100-37-8 [RN] 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol [German] 2-(Diéthylamino)éthanol [French] 202-845-2 [EINECS] 2-Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine 741863 [Beilstein] DEAE DEEA Diethylaminoethanol Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)- [ACD/Index Name] KK5075000 N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE S6DL4M053U (2-HYDROXYETHYL)DIETHYLAMINE (DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL 1-(Diethylamino)ethanol 2-(Diethylamino)-ethanol 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl cellulose 2-(DIETHYLAMONO)ETHANOL 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol 2-Diethylamino 2-diethylamino-ethanol 2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI 2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol 2-N-Diethylaminoethanol 32954-58-8 [RN] 64346-24-3 [RN] 9013-34-7 [RN] DEAE|2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHAN-1-OL Dehydasal Di??thylamino??thanol Diaethylaminoaethanol Diaethylaminoaethanol [German] Diaethylaminoaethanol(german) Diethyl ethanolamine Diethyl ethanolamine;Diethylaminoethanol;2-Hydroxytriethylamine Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine Diethylamino ethanol Diethylamlnoethanol DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE Diethylmonoethanolamine ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO ipomeanol N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine N-(Diethylamino)ethanol N, N-Diethylethanolamine N,N-DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine N,N-Diethylaminoethanol N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amine N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amine N-Diethylaminoethanol Pennad 150 Perdilaton Q2N2 & 2 [WLN] UN 2686 UNII:S6DL4M053U UNII-S6DL4M053U β-(Diethylamino)ethanol β-(Diethylamino)ethanol β-(diethylamino)ethyl alcohol β-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol β-Diethylaminoethanol β-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol β-hydroxytriethylamine β-Hydroxytriethylamine
DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE ( 2-Diethylaminoethanol)
DIETHYL SEBACATE, N° CAS : 110-40-7, Nom INCI : DIETHYL SEBACATE, Nom chimique : Diethyl sebacate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-764-5. Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit. Agent plastifiant : Adoucit et rend souple une autre substance qui autrement ne pourrait pas être facilement déformée, dispersée ou être travaillée.Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances
DIETHYL MONOSULFATE
Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula CAS number 64-67-5.
Diethyl monosulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production.
Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

CAS Number: 64-67-5
EC Number: 200-589-6
Chemical formula: C4H10O4S
Molar mass: 154.18 g·mol−1

Synonyms: Diethyl sulfate, 64-67-5, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester, Diethyl sulphate, DIETHYLSULFATE, Diaethylsulfat, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, UNII-K0FO4VFA7I, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, NSC 56380, K0FO4VFA7I, CHEBI:34699, MFCD00009099, DSSTox_CID_4045, DSSTox_RID_77265, DSSTox_GSID_24045, Diethyl tetraoxosulfate, Diaethylsulfat, DES (VAN), CAS-64-67-5, CCRIS 242, HSDB 1636, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, EINECS 200-589-6, UN1594, diethylsulphate, diethyl-sulphate, AI3-15355, diethylsulfuric acid, EtOSO3Et, Diethyl sulfate, 98%, EC 200-589-6, SCHEMBL1769, WLN: 2OSWO2, Sulphuric acid diethyl ester, BIDD:ER0594, CHEMBL163100, DTXSID1024045, BCP25766, NSC56380, ZINC1686883, Tox21_202402, Tox21_300169, NSC-56380, STL268863, AKOS009157686, MCULE-1621267036, UN 1594, Diethyl sulfate, NCGC00164138-01, NCGC00164138-02, NCGC00164138-03, NCGC00253940-01, NCGC00259951-01, M292, D0525, FT-0624858, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester;Diethyl sulphate, Q421338, J-520306, F0001-1737, DES, Diaethylsulfat, diethyl sulphate, diethyl tetraoxosulfate, diethylsulfate, Et2SO4, ethyl sulfate, sulfuric acid diethyl ester, sulphuric acid diethyl ester, 200-589-6, 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, polymer and 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, compound with diethyl sulfate, 64-67-5, Diaethylsulfat, DIETHYL MONOSULFATE, Diethyl sulfate, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, Diethylsulfat, MFCD00009099, Sulfate de diéthyle, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester, [64-67-5], 2OSWO2, DES (VAN), Diaethylsulfat, DIETHYL SULPHATE, DIETHYL TETRAOXOSULFATE, diethylsulfate, ethyl ethoxysulfonate, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, Ethyl sulfate, Sulphuric acid diethyl ester, SULPHURIC ACIDDIETHYL ESTER, UN 1594

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic, combustible, and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with the formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive to tissue and metals.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula CAS number 64-67-5.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless viscous liquid with a peppermint odor.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

Diethyl monosulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production.
Diethyl monosulfate is anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

A nested case control study of 17 benign brain tumours in workers at a petrochemical plant found the risk of brain cancer to be associated with exposure to Diethyl monosulfate.
Diethyl monosulfate is reported to cause tumours both locally and systemically

Evidence in animals and humans suggest that carcinogenicity may be due to a mutagenic mode of action.
However, insufficient data exists to recommend a suitable TWA.

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic, combustible, and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with the formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive to tissue and metals.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is also used as a potent ethylating agent.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate, also known as DES, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sulfuric acid diesters.
These are organic compounds containing the sulfuric acid diester functional group with the generic structure ROS(OR')(=O)=O, (R,R'=organyl group).

Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Diethyl monosulfate.
Diethyl monosulfate has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ).

Diethyl monosulfate is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or Diethyl monosulfate derivatives.
Technically Diethyl monosulfate is part of the human exposome.

The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health.
An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

Diethyl monosulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.
Diethyl monosulfate is used at industrial sites.

Diethyl monosulfate is a colorless, corrosive, oily liquid that darkens with age and has a faint peppermint odor.
Diethyl monosulfate is mainly used as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis and in the dye and textile manufacturing.

Exposure to this substance results in severe irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
Diethyl monosulfate is a possible mutagen and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and may be associated with developing laryngeal cancer.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate.
No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, or developmental effects of Diethyl monosulfate in humans.

In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of Diethyl monosulfate.
In one study, rats orally exposed to Diethyl monosulfate developed tumors in the forestomach.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified Diethyl monosulfate as a Group 2A, probable human carcinogen.
Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4.

Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive.
Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colourless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odour and is corrosive.
Diethyl sulphate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.
Diethyl monosulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol.

Diethyl monosulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic.

Diethyl monosulfate is a colorless liquid with formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate has a peppermint odor with a melting point of about -25 ℃ and boiling point of 209.5 ℃ where Diethyl monosulfate decomposes.
When heated or mixed with hot water, irritant fumes is released.

Diethyl monosulfate does not dissolve in water, but is miscible with alcohol, ether and most polar organic solvents.
Diethyl monosulfate exists in the atmosphere in the gas phase.

Diethyl monosulfate will react with hydroxyl radical and has a short lifetime in the atmosphere where Diethyl monosulfate will decompose into ethyl sulfate hydrogen sulfate and ethanol.
Upon heating or mixing with hot water, Diethyl monosulfate will decompose into ethyl hydrogen sulfate and alcohol.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate.
In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of Diethyl monosulfate.

Diethyl monosulfate is a substance classified to the group of carcinogens.
The value of maximum admissible concentration for this substance in workplace air is not specified in Poland.

Due to the use of Diethyl monosulfate in domestic companies there is a need to develop a sensitive method for the determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the work environment.
Studies were performed using gas chromatography (GC) technique.

An Agilent Technologies chromatograph, series 7890A, with a mass selective detector was used in the experiment.
Separation was performed on a capillary column with Rtx-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm).

The possibility of using sorbent tubes filled with activated carbon (100 mg/50 mg), silica gel (100 mg/50 mg) and Porapak Q (150 mg/75 mg) for absorption of diethyl sulphate was investigated.
The method of sampling air containing Diethyl monosulfate was developed.

Among the sorbents to absorb Diethyl monosulfate Porapak Q was chosen.
Determination of the adsorbed vapor includes desorption of Diethyl monosulfate, using dichloromethane/methanol mixture (95:5, v/v) and chromatographic analysis of so obtained solution.

Method is linear (r = 0.999) within the investigated working range of 0.27- -5.42 µg/ml, which is an equivalent to air concentrations 0.0075-0.15 mg/m3 for a 36 l air sample.
The analytical method described in this paper allows for selective determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the workplace air in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, ethanol, dichloromethane, triethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and triethylenetetramine.

The invention provides a method used for preparing Diethyl monosulfate.
According to the method, a mixed solution containing ethyl hydrogen sulfate and/or Diethyl monosulfate is delivered through reaction distillation surface at a certain temperature, and at the same time, reduced pressure distillation is carried out, so that Diethyl monosulfate in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is separated rapidly, waste sulfuric acid in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is collected in a waste liquid collector, and ethanol is collected in a tail gas collector.
Recycling of waste sulfuric acid and collected ethanol can be realized; the method is low in cost; and no waste acid is discharged.

Optimization of the method for the determination of Diethyl monosulfate at workplaces
Diethyl monosulfate is a substance classified to the group of carcinogens.

The value of maximum admissible concentration for this substance in workplace air is not specified in Poland.
Due to the use of Diethyl monosulfate in domestic companies there is a need to develop a sensitive method for the determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the work environment.

Studies were performed using gas chromatography (GC) technique.
An Agilent Technologies chromatograph, series 7890A, with a mass selective detector was used in the experiment.

Separation was performed on a capillary column with Rtx-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm).
The possibility of using sorbent tubes filled with activated carbon (100 mg/50 mg), silica gel (100 mg/50 mg) and Porapak Q (150 mg/75 mg) for absorption of diethyl sulphate was investigated.

The method of sampling air containing Diethyl monosulfate was developed.
Among the sorbents to absorb Diethyl monosulfate Porapak Q was chosen.

Determination of the adsorbed vapor includes desorption of Diethyl monosulfate, using dichloromethane/methanol mixture (95:5, v/v) and chromatographic analysis of so obtained solution.
Method is linear (r = 0.999) within the investigated working range of 0.27- -5.42 μg/ml, which is an equivalent to air concentrations 0.0075-0.15 mg/m3 for a 36 l air sample.

The analytical method described in this paper allows for selective determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the workplace air in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, ethanol, dichloromethane, triethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and triethylenetetramine.

Diethyl monosulfate Market: Introduction
Diethyl monosulfate is also known as Diethyl sulfate and sulfuric acid diethyl ester.
Diethyl monosulfate is colorless liquid with faint peppermint odor.
Diethyl monosulfate is an industrial solvent, which is highly carcinogenic.

Diethyl monosulfate is considered a highly toxic chemical compound.
Diethyl monosulfate possesses highly corrosive properties for metals.

Diethyl monosulfate is a strong alkylating agent.
Diethyl monosulfate is primarily employed in the formation of ethyl derivatives such as amine, thiols, phenols, and other derivatives.

Diethyl monosulfate is widely used in chemical formulation as a chemical intermediate compound.
Diethyl monosulfate has industrial applications in dyes, textiles, and coating manufacturing.
Key applications of Diethyl monosulfate include personal care products, pharmaceuticals, detergents, flavors, and fragrances.

Increase in demand for chemical intermediates in the production of hair dyes, textile dyes, and other pigments is anticipated to fuel the demand for Diethyl monosulfate during the forecast period.
Growth in the pharmaceutical industry, owing to the rise in demand for generic drugs and medicines, is projected to boost the demand for chemical intermediates such as Diethyl monosulfate in the next few years.

Diethyl monosulfate is highly toxic.
Exposure to Diethyl monosulfate may cause eye irritation, skin rashes, and breathing problems.
This is a key factors estimated to hamper the global Diethyl monosulfate market in the next few years.

Diethyl monosulfate Market: Segmentation
In terms of application, the global Diethyl monosulfate market can be divided into alkylating agent, chemical intermediates, and others.
The alkylating agent segment is projected to hold major share of the global Diethyl monosulfate market during the forecast period.

Diethyl monosulfate is majorly used in the synthesis of amines, thiols, and phenol derivatives in various applications.
This is likely to propel the demand for Diethyl monosulfate in the next few years.

Based on end-user industry, the Diethyl monosulfate market can be segmented into dyes and textiles, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and personal care.
The dyes and textiles segment is projected to constitute key share of the market in the near future.

Diethyl monosulfate is used in the synthesis of textile dyes in several countries.
This is likely to fuel the demand for Diethyl monosulfate in the near future.

Diethyl monosulfate Market: Region-wise Outlook
Based on region, the global Diethyl monosulfate market can be split into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa.
North America and Europe are expected to constitute major share, after Asia Pacific, during the forecast period.
The U.S., Germany, and France have strong presence of major dye manufacturing companies that use Diethyl monosulfate.

In terms of volume, Asia Pacific is anticipated to hold leading share of the market during the forecast period.
Strong presence of chemical companies with well-established distribution network spread across the globe is driving the Diethyl monosulfate market in the region.

The Diethyl monosulfate market in Latin America and Middle East & Africa is likely to expand at a sluggish pace in the next few years.
Increase in rapid industrialization in Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa is anticipated to boost the Diethyl monosulfate market in these countries during the forecast period.

Uses of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl sulphate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol.
Diethyl monosulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic.

Diethyl monosulfate is used chiefly as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis.
The principal uses are as an intermediate in dye manufacture, as an ethylating agent in pigment production, as a finishing agent in textile manufacture and as a dye-set agent in carbonless paper.
Smaller applications are in agricultural chemicals, in household products, in the pharmaceutical and cosme tic industries, as a laboratory reagent, as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in sorne sulfonation processes

Diethyl monosulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.

N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.

The primary use of Diethyl monosulfate is as a chemical intermediate (ethylating agent) in synthesis of ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; and in some sulfonation processes.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes, pigments, carbonless paper, and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the preparation of synthetic ethanol from ethylene.
Smaller quantities are used in household products, cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory reagents.
In 1966, Diethyl monosulfate was used as a mutagen to create the Luther variety of barley.

Diethyl monosulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent, and also as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonations.
Diethyl monosulfate is also a chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols, and as an alkylating agent.

Diethyl monosulfate is used mainly to make dyes; Also used as an ethylating agent (pigment production), a finishing agent (textile manufacturing), a dye-set agent (carbonless paper), and an accelerator (sulfation of ethylene); Also used in agricultural chemicals, household products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

As an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; intermediate in the production by one method of ethyl alcohol from ethylene and sulfuric acid

The principal uses are as an intermediate in dye manufacture, as an ethylating agent in pigment production, as a finishing agent in textile manufacture and as a dye-set agent in carbonless paper.
Smaller applications are in agricultural chemicals, in household products, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as a laboratory reagent, as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonation processes.

Chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols and as an alkylating agent.
Chiefly as an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; in some sulfonations.

Industry Uses of Diethyl monosulfate:
Finishing agents,
Intermediates,
Processing aids, not otherwise listed,
Surface active agents.

Consumer Uses of Diethyl monosulfate:
Cleaning and furnishing care products,
Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere,
Paper products.

Manufacturing process of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl monosulfate is produced from ethylene and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Ethylene gas is bubbled through a solution of concentrated sulfuric acid.
Diethyl monosulfate can also be produced by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid into a solution of ethyl alcohol or ethyl ether.

Methods of Manufacturing of Diethyl monosulfate:
Prepared from ethanol + sulfuric acid; by absorption of ethylene in sulfuric acid; from diethyl ether and fuming sulfuric acid.

General Manufacturing Information of Diethyl monosulfate:

Industry Processing Sectors of Diethyl monosulfate:
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing,
Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities,
Paper manufacturing,
Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing,
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing.

Could be used as a mutagenic agent to produce a new variety of barley called Luther; however, no evidence was found that Diethyl monosulfate is presently being used commercially for this purpose.

Method used for preparing Diethyl monosulfate:
The invention provides a method used for preparing Diethyl monosulfate.
According to the method, a mixed solution containing ethyl hydrogen sulfate and/or Diethyl monosulfate is delivered through reaction distillation surface at a certain temperature, and at the same time, reduced pressure distillation is carried out, so that Diethyl monosulfate in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is separated rapidly, waste sulfuric acid in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is collected in a waste liquid collector, and ethanol is collected in a tail gas collector.
Recycling of waste sulfuric acid and collected ethanol can be realized; the method is low in cost; and no waste acid is discharged.

Ethyl sulfate is a kind of important ethylating agent, is also the important intermediate of the industry such as organic chemical industry, agricultural chemicals, medicine.
Because boiling point is high, carrying out ethylation reaction does not need high pressure, and therefore Diethyl monosulfate can as a kind of desirable ethylating agent.
Prepare ethyl sulfate and have multiple method, be summed up several as follows: sulfuryl chloride-Ethanol Method, chlorsulfonic acid-Ethanol Method, ether-sulphate method, sulfuryl chloride-ethanol-sodium-chlor method, sulfuryl chloride-thionyl chloride-Ethanol Method, sulfuric acid-ethylene process, sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method.

In most cases all need in aforesaid method with underpressure distillation operation, ethyl sulfate to be distilled, and the remainder after distillation contains sulfuric acid.
The roughly similar process of sulfuric acid-ethylene process and sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, carries out all in two steps.

For sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, the first step is by sulfuric acid and ethanol mixing, because the reaction of sulfuric acid and ethanol is a reversible reaction, main containing resultant vinic acid in the mixture obtained, water, unreacted sulfuric acid and unreacted ethanol, generally the content of vinic acid is generally in the scope of 20-60%; Second step is by the underpressure distillation at 120-180 DEG C of this mixture, and in this process, vinic acid reacts and generates product ethyl sulfate, is depressurized simultaneously and distills.
In this process, if ethyl sulfate can not be distilled out in time, the transformation efficiency that vinic acid is converted into ethyl sulfate will reduce, simultaneously because sulfuric acid produces many side reactions at oxidation at high temperatures very good general.

For sulfuric acid-ethylene process, the first step is that ethene passes in sulfuric acid in certain temperature, main containing ethyl sulfate in the mixture obtained by this process, vinic acid and sulfuric acid, according to document (Zhang Yue edits.
The diagram of fine-chemical intermediate preparation flow, Chemical Industry Press, 1999, pp372 ~ 374), in mixture, content is about the ethyl sulfate of 43%, the vinic acid of 45%, the sulfuric acid of 12%; Second step is similar with sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, is also underpressure distillation at 120-180 DEG C.No matter describe from said process, be sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, or sulfuric acid-ethylene process all needs the mixture of the compounds such as sulfur acid hydrogen ethyl ester, sulfuric acid react under heating and distill out product ethyl sulfate.
Meanwhile, after distilling out ethyl sulfate, remaining part is mainly containing sulfuric acid.

The method of current bibliographical information adopts still distillation, and in the preparation of ethyl sulfate, this distillation efficiency is low, product ethyl sulfate can not be distilled in time.
In this case, due to too many containing pre-reaction liquid such as sulfuric acid in still, along with ethyl sulfate is distilled out, remaining ethyl sulfate is fewer and feweri, product ethyl sulfate is difficult to evaporate from a large amount of sulfuric acid, so just has many products and remains at the bottom of still and can not be distilled out; Again due to sulfuric acid at high temperature have strong oxygenizement, make this step react in still-process, produce a lot of side reaction, thus the yield of product is low.
Preparation cost is high, and the spent acid produced is many.

According to the literature, the ethyl sulfate that still distillation method often prepares a ton approximately produces the spent acid sulfuric acid of 2 tons.
Owing to being heated for a long time in still, containing many carbonization materials in the Waste Sulfuric Acid of gained, make this Waste Sulfuric Acid be the brown shape of thickness, the value of recycling is very low, generally can only abandon as refuse, will cause very large pollution like this.
So up to the present, domestic also do not have one can prepare ethyl sulfate to mass-producing.

Preparation of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl monosulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol and is purified using rectification in vacuo.
This can be done on a large enough scale for commercial production.
Diethyl monosulfate can then be purchased as a technical product or for use in a laboratory setting with 99.5% purity or 95% to 98% purity respectively.

Pharmacological Classification of Diethyl monosulfate:

Alkylating Agents of Diethyl monosulfate:
Highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning.
Many are used as antineoplastic agents, but most are very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions.
They have also been used as components in poison gases.

Mutagens of Diethyl monosulfate:
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids.
A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.

Application of Diethyl monosulfate:
Commercial manufacture of Diethyl monosulfate starts with ethylene and 96 wt% sulfuric acid heated at 60°C.
The resulting mixture of 43 wt% Diethyl monosulfate, 45 wt% ethyl hydrogen sulfate and 12 wt% sulfuric acid is heated with anhydrous sodium sulfate under vacuum, and Diethyl monosulfate is obtained in 86% yield; the commercial product is ~ 99% pure.
Dilution of the ethylene-sulfuric acid concentrate with water and extraction gives a 35% yield.

ln the reaction of ethylene with sulfuric acid, losses can occur due to several side reactions, incIuding oxidation, hydrolysis-dehydration and polymerization, especially at sulfuric acid concentrations ~ 98 wt%.
Diethyl monosulfate is believed to be produced commercially by two companies, one in the
USA and one in Japan.

Annual US production is estimated at 5000 tonnes.
Diethyl monosulfate is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the production of ethanol involving ethylene and sulfuric acid.
The reaction of ethylene with sulfurIc acid is complex, and water plays a major role in determining the concentrations of the intermediate alkyl sulfates.

In Canada, Diethyl monosulfate is mainly used to make other chemicals which are then used in the manufacturing of softeners used to increase absorbency of tissue paper.
Diethyl sulphate may also be used to make products used in the manufacturing of a variety of other substances and products, including dyes, fragrances, and quaternary ammonium salts used as surfactants or flocculants in water treatment.

Diethyl monosulfate may also be used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of commercial products such as sanitizers and organoclays.
Based on the most recent data available, Diethyl monosulfate is not manufactured in Canada, but is imported into Canada.

The silkworms of NB4D2 variety were treated with chemical mutagen Diethyl sulphate.
Thelarvae were subjected to two methods of treatments i.e., oral administration of the chemical mutagen and by injectionof 8mM and 10mM concentrations of chemical mutagen through body wall.
The lethal effect of the mutagen wasstudied in the subsequent generation.

The effect was drastic on structure & morphology of the meiotic chromosomes.
Many structural, physiological and numerical aberrations were observed and documented.
Certain numerical changessuch as induction of polyploids were attributed to the improvements observed in the expression of commercialcharacters in the silkworm

Diethyl monosulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.

N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.

Diethyl monosulfate can also be used as an alkylating agent to synthesize 1-alkyl/aralkyl-2-(1-arylsufonylalkyl)benzimidazoles and an ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole ethylsulfate.

Properties of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl monosulfate is moisture sensitive liquid.
Heating can lead to release of toxic gases and vapors.

Diethyl monosulfate gets darker over time.
Diethyl monosulfate forms ethyl alcohol, ethyl sulfate, and eventually sulfuric acid when exposed to water.
Diethyl monosulfate is also combustible; when burned, sulfur oxides, ether, and ethylene are produced.

Chemical Properties:
Diethyl monosulfate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint- like odor, which darkens with age.
Diethyl monosulfate is miscible with alcohol and ether.
At higher temperatures, Diethyl monosulfate rapidly decomposes into monoethyl sulfate and alcohol

Handling and Storage of Diethyl monosulfate:

Nonfire Spill Response of Diethyl monosulfate:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
Stop leak if you can do Diethyl monosulfate without risk.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Safe Storage:
Separated from food and feedstuffs.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Safety of Diethyl monosulfate:
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data.
Poison by inhalation and subcutaneous routes.

Moderately toxic by ingestion and sktn contact.
A severe skin irritant.

An experimental teratogen.
Mutation data reported.
Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials.

Moisture causes liberation of H2SO4.
Violent reaction with potassium tert-butoxide.
Reacts violently with 3,8-dnitro-6-phenylphenanthridine + water.

Reaction with iron + water forms explosive hydrogen gas.
zTo fight fire, use alcohol foam, H2O foam, CO2, dry chemicals.

When heated to decomposition Diethyl monosulfate emits toxic fumes of SOx.
See also SULFATES.

Storage Conditions:
Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Diethyl monosulfate was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

First Aid of Diethyl monosulfate:

INHHALATION:
Remove to fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

EYES OR SKIN:
Irrigate with running water for at least 15 min.; hold eyelids open if neccessary.
Consult an ophthamologist immediately.
Wash skin with soap and water.

Speed in removing material from skin is of extreme importance.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes at the site.

Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature.
Effects may be delayed; keep victim under observation.

INGESTION:
If victim is conscious, give victim two glasses of water and have victim induce vomiting.

Fire Fighting of Diethyl monosulfate:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do Diethyl monosulfate without risk.

Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Fire Fighting Procedures of Diethyl monosulfate:
Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray.

Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.

Isolation and Evacuation of Diethyl monosulfate:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Spillage Disposal of Diethyl monosulfate:

Personal protection:
Complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.
Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Cleanup Methods of Diethyl monosulfate:
A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms.
Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially.
Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal.

The plastic bag should be sealed immediately.
The sealed bag should be labelled properly.

Waste liquids should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal.
The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled.

Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface is not contaminated.
The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled.
Broken glassware should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk.
Use water spray to cool & disperse vapors, & protect personnel.

Approach release from upwind.
Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.
Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary.

Disposal Methods of Diethyl monosulfate:
At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision.
Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste.
Summary of avail methods & recommendations given must be treated as guide only.

Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt.
However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose.

The most efficient type is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air: fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air.
Some are designed to accept aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise Diethyl monosulfate is necessary to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust.
Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities are to be destroyed in laboratory.

HEPA (high-efficiency particulate arrestor) filters can be disposed of by incineration.
For spent charcoal filters, the adsorbed material can be stripped off at high temp & carcinogenic wastes generated by this treatment conducted to & burned in an incinerator.

LIQUID WASTE:
Disposal should be carried out by incineration at temp that ensure complete combustion.

SOLID WASTE:
Carcasses of lab animals, cage litter & misc solid wastes should be disposed of by incineration at temp high enough to ensure destruction of chem carcinogens or their metabolites.

Preventive Measures of Diethyl monosulfate:
Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory.
All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used.
They should wash hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse thoroughly.

Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant.
No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided.
Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting.

In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection.
Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection.
If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab.

Operations connected with synth & purification should be carried out under well-ventilated hood.
Analytical procedures should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during procedures should be removed.
Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used & when new fume cupboards are installed.

Diethyl monosulfate is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without powder being blown around the hood.
Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure.
Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur.

Vertical laminar-flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak-tight.
Horizontal laminar-flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used.

Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to Diethyl monosulfate, giving date of test & avg air-flow measured.
This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes.

Identifiers of Diethyl monosulfate:
CAS Number: 64-67-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:34699
ChEMBL: ChEMBL163100
ChemSpider: 5931
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.536
KEGG: C14706
PubChem CID: 6163
RTECS number: WS7875000
UNII: K0FO4VFA7I
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1024045
InChI:
InChI=1S/C4H10O4S/c1-3-7-9(5,6)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
Key: DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N check
InChI=1/C4H10O4S/c1-3-7-9(5,6)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
Key: DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYAR
SMILES: O=S(=O)(OCC)OCC

Properties of Diethyl monosulfate:
Chemical formula: C4H10O4S
Molar mass: 154.18 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 1.2 g/mL
Melting point: −25 °C (−13 °F; 248 K)
Boiling point: 209 °C (408 °F; 482 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water: decomposes in water
Vapor pressure: 0.29 mm Hg
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -86.8·10−6 cm3/mol

Molecular Weight: 154.19
XLogP3: 1.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 154.02997997
Monoisotopic Mass: 154.02997997
Topological Polar Surface Area: 61 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Complexity: 130
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 5.3 (vs air)
vapor pressure:
2 mmHg ( 55 °C)
assay: 98%
form: liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.399 (lit.)
bp: 208 °C (lit.)
mp: −24 °C (lit.)
density: 1.177 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

Related compounds of Diethyl monosulfate:
Dimethyl sulfate
diethyl sulfite

Names of Diethyl monosulfate:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Diethyl monosulfate

Other names:
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester

Translated names:
diethyl-sulfát
diethylsulfat
Diethylsulfat
dietil sulfat
dietil sulfat
dietil-sulfat
dietil-szulfát
dietilsolfato
dietilsulfatas
dietilsulfāts
dietyl-sulfát
dietylsulfat
dietylsulfat
Dietyylisulfaatti
Dietüülsulfaat
diHethylsulfaat
siarczan dietylu
sulfate de diéthyle
sulfato de dietilo
sulfato de dietilo
θειικός διαιθυλεστέρας
диетил сулфат
CAS names
Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester

IUPAC names:
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
DIETHYL SULPHATE
Diethyl Sulphate
Diethyl sulphate
diethyl sulphate
Diethyl sulphate
Diethyl sulphate REACH registration SCC < 1000 tpy DKSH Marketing Services Spain S.A.U.
Diethylsulfat
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester
DIETHYL OXALATE
Diethyl Oxalate appears as a colorless liquid.
Diethyl Oxalate is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water.
Diethyl Oxalate hence sinks in water.
Diethyl Oxalate's vapors are much heavier than air.


CAS number: 95-92-1
EC number: 202-464-1
MDL number: MFCD00009119
Linear Formula: C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Molecular Formula: C6H10O4


Diethyl Oxalate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 tonnes per annum.
Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a starting material to synthesize Ethylene glycol (E890140) by means of catalytic hydrogenation.
Diethyl Oxalate is a colorless unstable liquid.


Diethyl Oxalate is a colorless liquid.
The flash point of Diethyl Oxalate is 168°F.
Diethyl Oxalate is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water. Diethyl Oxalate hence sinks in water.


Diethyl Oxalate is used as a solvent for plastics and in the manufacture of perfumes and pharmaceuticals.
Diethyl Oxalate is insoluble in water.
Diethyl Oxalate appears as a colorless liquid.


Diethyl Oxalate is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water.
Diethyl Oxalate hence sinks in water.
Diethyl Oxalate's vapors are much heavier than air.
Diethyl Oxalate is a natural product found in Mimusops elengi, Nicotiana tabacum, and Couroupita guianensis with data available.


Diethyl Oxalate undergoes transesterification with phenol in the liquid phase over very efficient MoO3/TiO2 solid-acid sol-gel catalysts to form diphenyl oxalate.
Diethyl Oxalate undergoes Claisen condensation with active methylene group of ketosteroids to form glyoxalyl derivatives.
Diethyl Oxalate undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of high copper contented mesoporous Cu/SBA-15 catalysts to yield ethylene glycol.


In addition to this, Diethyl Oxalate is utilized in the microemulsion synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Diethyl Oxalate is miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
Diethyl Oxalate is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, and bases.


Diethyl Oxalate is Moisture sensitive.
Diethyl Oxalate is acolourless liquid
Diethyl Oxalate has the general properties of esters.
Diethyl Oxalate absorbs moisture in the air and decomposes slowly.


Diethyl Oxalate reacts with ammonia to form amide compounds and condenses with acetone to ethyl pyruvate.
Diethyl Oxalate is a colorless oily liquid with aromatic odor.
The relative density was 1.0785.
The melting point of Diethyl Oxalate is -40.6 °c.


The boiling point of Diethyl Oxalate is 185.4 °c.
The refractive index of Diethyl Oxalate is 4101.
The heat of vaporization of Diethyl Oxalate is 284 J/g.


The specific heat capacity of Diethyl Oxalate is 1.81 J/(g. C).
Ethanol, ether, acetone, and other common solvents of Diethyl Oxalate are miscible.
Diethyl Oxalate is slightly soluble in water and gradually decomposed by water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Diethyl Oxalatewas used in microemulsion synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.
Diethyl Oxalate was also used in the synthesis of sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine
Diethyl Oxalate is used as an intermediate mainly used for phenobarbital, barycarbalonate, triethylamine, sulfamethoxazole.


Diethyl Oxalate can also be used as two cotton gelatinized dyes, intermediates and fibers of plastics, solvents for perfumes and synthesis of organic compounds.
Diethyl Oxalate is used as an intermediate mainly used for phenobarbital, barycarbalonate, triethylamine, sulfamethoxazole.


Diethyl Oxalate can also be used as two cotton gelatinized dyes, intermediates and fibers of plastics, solvents for perfumes and synthesis of organic compounds.
Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), plastics and dyestuff intermediates.


Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes and lacquers for electronics.
Diethyl Oxalate is involved in the transesterification reaction with phenol to get dipheny oxalate.
Diethyl Oxalate is also involved in the Claisen condensation ketosteroids to prepare glyoxalyl derivatives.


Further, Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine.
Diethyl Oxalate is used for organic synthesis.
As an intermediate of vitamin B13, Diethyl Oxalate can also be used as a plasticizer.


Diethyl Oxalate is mainly used in pharmaceuticals, pesticides.
Diethyl Oxalate is used as a solvent for plastics and in the manufacture of perfumes and pharmaceuticals.
Diethyl Oxalate is used for synthesis.


Diethyl Oxalate is a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of API and various dyes.
Diethyl Oxalate can be used as a solvent for a number of synthetic and natural resins.
Diethyl Oxalate (DEOX) is also used as a cost effective additive based in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).


Diethyl Oxalate is used to make pharmaceuticals, plastics, dyes, and dyestuff intermediates.
Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes, and lacquers for electronics.
Diethyl oxalate is a chemical used to pre-treat wood chips in order to refine and prepare them for further processing (such as obtaining wood pulp).
Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a starting material to synthesize Ethylene glycol (E890140) by means of catalytic hydrogenation.


Diethyl Oxalate is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Other release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Diethyl Oxalate can be found in products with material based on: rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and polymers.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following areas: building & construction work.


Other release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, inks and toners and polymers.
Release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following products: polymers and laboratory chemicals.


Diethyl Oxalate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Diethyl Oxalate is used for the manufacture of: and chemicals.


Release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, for thermoplastic manufacture, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Diethyl Oxalate is used manufacture of phenobarbital, ethylbenzyl malonate, triethylamine, and similar chemicals, plastics, dyestuff intermediates.
Diethyl Oxalate is used solvent for cellulose esters, perfumes.
Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), plastics and dyestuff intermediates.


Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes and lacquers for electronics.
Diethyl Oxalate is involved in the transesterification reaction with phenol to get dipheny oxalate.
Diethyl Oxalate is also involved in the Claisen condensation ketosteroids to prepare glyoxalyl derivatives.


Further, Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine.
In addition to this, Diethyl Oxalate is utilized in the microemulsion synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Diethyl Oxalate is mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry.


Diethyl Oxalate is an intermediate of azathioprine, peripheral sulfanilamide, carboxyphenyllipase penicillin, ethoxybenzylpenicillin, chloroquine lactate, thiabendazole, sulfamethoxazole and other drugs.
Diethyl Oxalate can be used as an intermediate of plastics, dyes and other products, and as a solvent of cellulose and spices.


Diethyl Oxalate is often used as the substrate of nucleophilic reagent α,γ- Dicarbonyl esters, ketone compounds, synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, etc. synthesis α,γ- Dicarbonyl esters can be formed by a nucleophilic substitution reaction between ketones and diethyl oxalate under alkaline conditions α,γ- Dicarbonyl ester.


The dicarbonyl ester often exists in the enol structure and can be used to synthesize heterocyclic compounds.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the synthesis of novel indole β-diketo acid derivatives as HIV-1 integrase inhibitors.
Diethyl Oxalate is used as a drug phenobarbital, azathioprine, solid sulfonamide intermediates and plastic accelerator


Diethyl Oxalate is mainly used as a pharmaceutical raw material intermediate.
Diethyl Oxalate is the intermediate of phenobarbital, azathioprine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, carbenicillin, ampicillin, chloroquine lactate, thiabendazole and other drugs.
Diethyl Oxalate is also an intermediate for dyes and can be used as an accelerator for plastics.



WHAT DOES DIETHYL OXALATE DO in FORMULATION?
*Chelating
*Hair conditioning
*Masking
*Plasticiser
*Solvent



REACTIVITY PROFILE of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Diethyl oxalate is an ester.
Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids.
Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products.
Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides

For the preparation of pure methanol;
Diethyl oxalate is a sulfa drug that has low potency and can be used as a substitute for methyl ethyl or diethyl.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in biological studies and is structurally similar to malonic acid.
Diethyl Oxalate binds to copper chloride, forming an intermediate with the structure of a sulfonium ion before being hydrolyzed by hydrogen fluoride.

This reaction is reversible and the hydrolysis product can bind to nitrogen atoms, forming a nitronium ion.
Diethyl oxalate has been shown to have receptor activity in human serum, which may be due to its structural similarity to malonic acid.
The binding of the drug may result in enzyme inhibition or changes in membrane permeability.
Diethyl oxalate also reacts with trifluoroacetic acid, forming an ester derivative that can react with organic solvents such as acetone and benzene, leading to a variety of products.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Anhydrous oxalic acid and ethanol were esterified in the presence of toluene to produce crude diethyl oxalate.
The crude ester is distilled into finished product.
Raw material consumption quota: 985kg / T oxalic acid, 744kg / T ethanol (95%) and 73.4kg/t toluene.

Another preparation method is to add ethanol, benzene and oxalic acid into the reactor, heat it to 68 ℃, azeotrope reflux dehydration, and take no water out as the end point of the reaction, then recover benzene to obtain crude diethyl oxalate, distill under reduced pressure, and collect 103 ℃ / 6kpa fraction to diethyl oxalate.

Diethyl Oxalate is purified by washing with dilute sodium carbonate solution, drying anhydrous potassium carbonate or sodium sulfate and vacuum distillation.
Another preparation method is to add 45g (0.5mol) of anhydrous oxalic acid ① (2), 81g (1.76mol) of anhydrous ethanol, 200ml of benzene and 10ml of concentrated sulfuric acid into the reaction bottle equipped with agitator and water separator.

It is heated under stirring and refluxed at 68 ~ 70 ℃ for azeotropic dehydration.
After the water is basically evaporated, ethanol and benzene are evaporated.
Wash with water after cooling, wash with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, wash with water, and dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate.

Diethyl oxalate (57g) was obtained by atmospheric distillation and collecting the fraction at 182 ~ 184 ℃, with a yield of 78%.
① dehydrate oxalic acid with anhydrous chloroform water until it crystallizes as follows: steam it with anhydrous oxalic acid and inject it into the powder containing carbon.

Filter by suction, dry and store in dryer for standby.
Anhydrous oxalic acid can also be prepared by drying directly in an oven.
In this experiment, a corresponding amount of oxalic acid containing crystal water can also be used, but the reaction time is longer.



PRODUCTION METHODS of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Diethyl oxalate is produced via esterification of ethanol and oxalic acid. Diethyl Oxalate is a preferred solvent for cellulose acetate and nitrate.
anhydrous oxalic acid was esterified with ethanol in the presence of toluene to produce crude diethyl oxalate.
The crude ester is subjected to distillation to a finished product.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Molecular Weight: 146.14 g/mol
XLogP3: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 146.05790880 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 146.05790880 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 114
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS number: 95-92-1
EC index number: 607-147-00-5
EC number: 202-464-1

Hill Formula: C₆H₁₀O₄
Chemical formula: C₂H₅OOCCOOC₂H₅
Molar Mass: 146.14 g/mol
HS Code: 2917 11 00
Boiling point: 182 - 186 °C
Density: 1.078 g/cm3
Explosion limit: 0.42 - 2.67 %(V)
Flash point: 75 °C
Ignition temperature: 410 °C
Melting Point: -41 °C
Vapor pressure: 0.27 hPa (20 °C)
Melting point: -41 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 185 °C
Density: 1.076g/cm3 (25℃)
Flash point: 75 °C
Appearance: Colorless oily liquid
Acidity(Calculated by C2H2O4): 0.1% Max.
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: aromatic
Melting point/range: -41 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 185 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper explosion limit: 2,67 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,42 %(V)
Flash point: 75 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 412 °C at 984 hPa
Decomposition temperature: Distillable in an undecomposed state at normal pressure.
pH: No data available
Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 2,01 mPa.s at 20 °C
Water solubility at: 20 °C - OECD Test Guideline 105(slow decomposition)
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water log Pow: 0,56 - (Lit.), Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: 1,33 hPa at 47 °C 0,27 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1,076 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: 1,08 at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: 5,04 - (Air = 1.0)
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Surface tension: 32,22
Relative vapor Density: 5,04 - (Air = 1.0)

Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.07600 to 1.08200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 8.953 to 9.003
Refractive Index: 1.40700 to 1.41300 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -41.00 to -40.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 185.70 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 113.00 to 114.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.414000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 5.03 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 168.00 °F. TCC ( 75.56 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.560
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 3.60E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C6H10O4 = 146.14
Physical State (20 deg.C): Liquid
CAS RN: 95-92-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 606350
PubChem Substance ID: 87574125
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 575
Merck Index (14): 3125

MDL Number: MFCD00009119
Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colourless
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Assay (GC): min. 99%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C: 1.075-1.080
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.409-1.411
Boiling Range: 182-186°C
Non Volatile Matter: max. 0.05%
Acidity (H2C2O4): max. 0.1%
Water (KF): max. 0.1%
Melting point: -41 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 185 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.076 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 5.03 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 47 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.410(lit.)
Flash point: 168 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
form: Liquid
color: Clear
explosive limit: 0.42-2.67%(V)

Water Solubility: MAY DECOMPOSE
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Merck: 14,3125
BRN: 606350
Stability: Stable, but moisture sensitive.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.560
Molecular Formula: C6H10O4
Molar Mass: 146.14
Density: 1.076 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -41 °C (lit.)
Boling Point: 185 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 168°F
Water Solubility: MAY DECOMPOSE
Solubility: Miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
Vapor Presure: 1 mm Hg ( 47 °C)
Vapor Density: 5.03 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid

Color: Clear
Merck: 14,3125
BRN: 606350
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Stability: Stable, but moisture sensitive.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Explosive Limit: 0.42-2.67%(V)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.410(lit.)
Physical and Chemical Properties: Colorless oily liquid with aromatic odor.
melting point: -40.6 ℃
boiling point: 185.4 ℃
relative density: 1.0785
refractive index: 1.4101
solubility: miscible with common solvents such as ethanol, ether and acetone.
Slightly soluble in water.



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
-After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
-After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
-Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 10 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A (acc. to DIN 3181)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Moisture sensitive.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
DIETHYL OXALATE
95-92-1
Ethyl oxalate
diethyloxalate
Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester
Diethyl ethanedioate
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Oxalic ether
Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester
Ethyl oxalate (VAN)
NSC 8851
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
HSDB 2131
EINECS 202-464-1
UN2525
BRN 0606350
Diethyl ester of oxalic acid
UNII-860M3ZWF6J
860M3ZWF6J
DTXSID2044472
150992-84-0
NSC-8851
Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester
EC 202-464-1
4-02-00-01848 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MFCD00009119
diethyl ethaneioate
Diethyl ethanidioate
Oxalic acid diethyl
diethyl ethane-dioate
ETHYL OXOLATE
oxalic acid diethylester
1,2-diethyl ethanedioate
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Diethyl oxalate, >=99%
SCHEMBL7262
WLN: 2OVVO2
DIETHYL OXALATE [MI]
DIETHYL OXALATE [HSDB]
DIETHYL OXALATE [INCI]
CHEMBL3183226
DTXCID0024472
NSC8851
AMY37179
Ethanedioic acid 1,2-diethyl ester
Diethyl oxalate, analytical standard
Tox21_302109
BBL011413
Ethyl oxalate [UN2525]
NA2525
STL146519
ETHANEDIOC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER
AKOS000120214
Ethyl oxalate [UN2525]
UN 2525
CAS-95-92-1
NCGC00255767-01
AS-14315
BP-13324
LS-99427
Diethyl oxalate, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
FT-0645510
O0078
O0120
EN300-19207
F87445
Q904612
J-802189
Q-200981
5-pentyl-5-tetrahydropyran-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione
ETHANEDIOIC ACID,DIETHYL ESTER (DIETHYLOXALATE)
F1908-0115
Z104473164
InChI=1/C6H10O4/c1-3-9-5(7)6(8)10-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H
Diethyl ethanedioate, Ethyl oxalate
Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester
Ethyl Oxalate
Ethanedioic Acid 1,2-Diethyl Ester
Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester
Diethyl Ethanedioate
Ethyl Oxalate
NSC 8851
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester
Ethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate (VAN)
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Oxalic ether
UN2525
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
UN 2525
Diethyl ester of oxalic acid
Oxalic ether
Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester
NSC 8851
ETHYL OXALATE
OXALIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Oxalic ether
Ceftriaxone Impurity 5
GKSW
oxalicether
EthyIoxalate
Diethyl oxate
Diαthyloxalat
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
1,​2-​diethyl ester ethanedioic acid
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate
Diethyl Ethanedioate-13C2
Diethyl Oxalate-13C2
Ethyl Oxalate-13C2
NSC 8851-13C2
Ethanedioic Acid, Diethyl Ester-13C2
Ethanedioic Acid, 1,2-Diethyl Ester-13C2
ETHYL OXALATE
Ethyl oxalate
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Diethyl oxalate
DIETHYL OXALATE
AKOS BBS-00004457
RARECHEM AL BI 0114
diethyl ethanedioate
DIETHYL ETHANEDIOATE
OXALIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Oxalic acid diethyl ester
Ethanedioic acid diethyl ester




DIETHYL PHTHALATE

Diethyl phthalate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H14O4.
Diethyl phthalate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phthalate esters.
Diethyl phthalate is formed by the esterification of phthalic acid with ethanol, resulting in the diethyl ester.
Diethyl phthalate is a colorless, odorless liquid with a low volatility.

CAS Number: 84-66-2
EC Number: 201-550-6



APPLICATIONS


Diethyl phthalate is primarily used as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric materials, especially polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Its main application as a plasticizer is to increase the flexibility and workability of PVC, making it easier to mold into various shapes and forms.
Diethyl phthalate is widely used in the manufacturing of vinyl flooring, synthetic leather, and vinyl-coated fabrics for applications in the automotive and construction industries.

Diethyl phthalate is employed in the production of electrical cables to improve their flexibility and durability.
Diethyl phthalate acts as a softening agent in cellulose-based materials, such as cellulose acetate films and sheets.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the production of plastic bottles, film sheets, and other consumer packaging materials.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized as a solvent and fixative in the fragrance industry to enhance the longevity and stability of scents in perfumes and colognes.
In personal care products, Diethyl phthalate is employed as a solvent in nail polishes, hair sprays, and lotions, improving their texture and performance.

Diethyl phthalate is used in the formulation of deodorants, body sprays, and moisturizers to help dissolve and disperse fragrance oils.
Diethyl phthalate is commonly used as a solvent in industrial applications, such as in the production of adhesives, sealants, and inks.

Diethyl phthalate finds application in the formulation of cellulose lacquers, imparting a smooth and glossy finish to wood and metal surfaces.
Diethyl phthalate acts as a processing aid in the production of cellulose acetate fibers and films, enhancing their mechanical properties and handling.
In the textile industry, Diethyl phthalate is used in the dyeing process to aid in the dispersion of dyes and improve colorfastness.

Diethyl phthalate is employed as a lubricant in some metalworking processes, such as wire drawing and extrusion.
Diethyl phthalate serves as a solvent and coupling agent in some agricultural formulations and pest control products.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized in the formulation of certain inkjet printing inks, improving the ink's viscosity and print quality.
Diethyl phthalate acts as a carrier solvent for some herbicides and pesticides, facilitating their application.

Diethyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer and softening agent in the production of medical devices, such as blood bags and tubing.
Diethyl phthalate is employed in the formulation of colorants and pigments, aiding in their dispersion in various products.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a solvent in the production of cellulose-based coatings and films for various applications.

Diethyl phthalate serves as a component in certain formulations for hydraulic fluids and lubricants.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized in the formulation of personal care products like lotions, creams, and sunscreens to improve texture and spreadability.
Diethyl phthalate is employed as a solvent in the extraction of natural and synthetic compounds in the pharmaceutical industry.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a component in some cutting and grinding fluids to aid in metalworking processes.

Diethyl phthalate finds application in the production of plastic packaging films, food wraps, and other flexible packaging materials.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer in the production of flexible polyurethane foams, such as those used in furniture and bedding.
Diethyl phthalate acts as a solubilizer and stabilizer in certain pesticide formulations, aiding in the dispersion of active ingredients.

Diethyl phthalate is employed as a component in some ink formulations for printing on plastic and other non-porous surfaces.
Diethyl phthalate serves as a carrier solvent for some flavors and fragrances, facilitating their incorporation into food and cosmetic products.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the production of latex paints to improve pigment dispersion and reduce viscosity.

Diethyl phthalate is employed as a solvent in the formulation of certain cleaning and degreasing agents.
Diethyl phthalate finds application in the synthesis of certain specialty chemicals, such as phthalate-based polyesters.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a processing aid in the manufacture of polystyrene, enhancing the resin's flow properties during molding.

Diethyl phthalate is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to improve their flexibility and tackiness.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized as a component in some heat transfer fluids and antifreeze formulations.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to improve their clarity and moldability.
Diethyl phthalate acts as a lubricating agent in the production of polyethylene and polypropylene films.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized in the formulation of some cellulose-based coatings and paints, enhancing their adhesion and glossiness.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a softening agent in certain rubber compounds, such as those used in gaskets and seals.

Diethyl phthalate serves as a component in some corrosion inhibitors for metal protection.
Diethyl phthalate is employed in the formulation of some hydraulic fluids and brake fluids, enhancing their viscosity and lubricating properties.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the production of certain synthetic resins and adhesives.

Diethyl phthalate finds application in the formulation of some leather finishes and polishes.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized in the formulation of certain textile dyes and pigments to aid in dispersion.
Diethyl phthalate is employed in the production of some household and industrial detergents to enhance their cleaning efficiency.

Diethyl phthalate is used as a lubricant in the processing of some elastomers and thermoplastic materials.
Diethyl phthalate serves as a component in some metalworking coolants and cutting oils to improve their performance.
Diethyl phthalate is employed in the formulation of some printing inks for the packaging industry.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the production of some synthetic rubbers, such as nitrile rubber.

Diethyl phthalate finds application in the production of some flexible packaging materials, including plastic wraps and bags.
Diethyl phthalate is employed in the production of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) to enhance their flexibility and processability.
Diethyl phthalate serves as a plasticizer in the manufacture of vinyl toys and children's products, where safety regulations are closely monitored.

Diethyl phthalate is used in the formulation of some printing inks for flexographic and gravure printing processes.
Diethyl phthalate finds application in the production of ink and marker pens to improve the ink's flow characteristics.
Diethyl phthalate is utilized as a binder in certain agrochemical formulations, such as herbicides and fungicides.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a carrier solvent for some volatile insecticides in pest control applications.

Diethyl phthalate serves as a lubricant and processing aid in the production of some synthetic rubbers and elastomers.
Diethyl phthalate is employed in the formulation of adhesive tapes to improve their adhesive properties and flexibility.
Diethyl phthalate is used as a solvent in some cleaning agents for electronics and delicate surfaces.

Diethyl phthalate is utilized in the production of heat-resistant and flame-retardant materials, including fire-resistant fabrics.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the formulation of some specialty coatings and paints for specific industrial applications.



DESCRIPTION


Diethyl phthalate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H14O4.
Diethyl phthalate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phthalate esters.
Diethyl phthalate is formed by the esterification of phthalic acid with ethanol, resulting in the diethyl ester.
Diethyl phthalate is a colorless, odorless liquid with a low volatility.

Diethyl phthalate is commonly used as a plasticizer, which means it is added to plastics to improve their flexibility, durability, and processing properties.
Diethyl phthalate is particularly used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, such as vinyl flooring, electrical cables, and automotive parts.
As a plasticizer, Diethyl phthalate helps reduce the rigidity of the plastic and makes it more malleable.

Diethyl phthalate (Diethyl phthalate) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C12H14O4.
Diethyl phthalate is a colorless and odorless liquid with a molecular weight of 222.24 g/mol.
Diethyl phthalate is produced through the esterification of phthalic acid with ethanol.

As a phthalate ester, Diethyl phthalate falls under the category of plasticizers.
Diethyl phthalate is widely used as a plasticizer in various polymeric materials, such as PVC, to improve their flexibility and workability.
Diethyl phthalate is commonly employed in the production of vinyl flooring, artificial leather, and electrical cables.
Diethyl phthalate acts as a solvent in many applications, making it suitable for use in perfumes, colognes, and personal care products.

In the fragrance industry, it functions as a fixative to enhance the longevity and stability of scents on the skin.
Diethyl phthalate's low volatility contributes to its stability and long-lasting properties in fragrance formulations.
Diethyl phthalate has a high boiling point of around 340°C (644°F), which makes it useful for high-temperature applications.
Diethyl phthalate is a non-toxic and non-flammable substance, making it safer for use in various consumer products.

Due to its relatively low cost and versatility, Diethyl phthalate is a popular choice as a plasticizer and solvent in industrial applications.
Diethyl phthalate is also utilized in the production of adhesives, sealants, and inks to improve their adhesive and binding properties.

In certain cases, Diethyl phthalate can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals.
While Diethyl phthalate is stable under normal conditions, it can degrade over time when exposed to light and air.
Diethyl phthalate is compatible with many other chemicals, making it a useful additive in various formulations.
Diethyl phthalate's low viscosity allows it to disperse easily, providing uniformity in mixtures.

Diethyl phthalate is miscible with a wide range of organic solvents, further enhancing its application versatility.
In cosmetics, Diethyl phthalate improves the spreadability and texture of products like nail polishes and lotions.
Diethyl phthalate is used in the formulation of phthalate-free plasticizers, offering a more environmentally friendly alternative.

Diethyl phthalate is a non-carcinogenic compound, but its usage has been subject to regulatory scrutiny due to potential health and environmental concerns.
In some regions, Diethyl phthalate has been restricted or limited in certain consumer products, especially those intended for children's use.
The safety of Diethyl phthalate is continuously evaluated by regulatory authorities to ensure its appropriate use in various applications.

Diethyl phthalate's stable nature and versatile properties make it a valuable component in multiple industries.
Diethyl phthalate plays a significant role in improving the performance and characteristics of many everyday products, from plastics and fragrances to personal care items and industrial formulations.



PROPERTIES


Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Mild, aromatic odor
Molecular Formula: C12H14O4
Molecular Weight: 222.24 g/mol
Density: 1.12 g/cm³ at 25°C
Melting Point: -6.8°C
Boiling Point: 298-300°C
Flash Point: 149°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 0.0007 mmHg at 25°C
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, and other organic solvents; insoluble in water
Refractive Index: 1.5010 at 20°C
Viscosity: 12.1 mPa·s at 25°C
Heat of Vaporization: 59.3 kJ/mol



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Diethyl phthalate vapors are inhaled and respiratory symptoms occur, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If the person is having difficulty breathing, provide artificial respiration if trained to do so, and seek immediate medical attention.
Keep the affected person calm and at rest while awaiting medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

If Diethyl phthalate comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with mild soap and water.
Avoid using harsh chemicals or solvents for cleaning, as they may worsen skin irritation.
If skin irritation, redness, or rash develops and persists, seek medical attention for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

If Diethyl phthalate accidentally gets into the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with clean water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do so, after the initial rinse.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for further guidance.


Ingestion:

In case of accidental ingestion of Diethyl phthalate, do NOT induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth gently with water if the person is conscious and not showing signs of aspiration.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for further guidance.


General First Aid Measures:

If the person shows signs of chemical exposure, such as dizziness, headache, or respiratory irritation, move them to a well-ventilated area and keep them calm and at rest.
Avoid direct contact with large amounts of Diethyl phthalate to prevent the risk of aspiration.
If any adverse reactions or symptoms persist, seek immediate medical attention for further evaluation and treatment.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Diethyl phthalate, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing to prevent direct skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use Diethyl phthalate in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to prevent the buildup of vapors.
Avoid inhaling Diethyl phthalate vapors, especially in confined spaces.

Avoid Contact with Eyes and Ingestion:
Avoid contact with eyes and ingestion of Diethyl phthalate.
In case of accidental contact, rinse eyes immediately with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
If ingested, seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.

Prevent Spills and Splashes:
Handle Diethyl phthalate containers with care to prevent spills or splashes.
Clean up spills promptly using appropriate absorbent materials and dispose of them properly.

No Smoking:
Do not smoke or allow open flames in areas where Diethyl phthalate is handled, as it is combustible.

Wash Hands:
After handling Diethyl phthalate or before eating, wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water.

Storage of Diethyl phthalate Containers:
Store Diethyl phthalate containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent evaporation and contamination.

Compatibility:
Store Diethyl phthalate away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents and acids, to prevent potential chemical reactions.

Avoid Mixing:
Avoid mixing Diethyl phthalate with other chemicals unless directed by the manufacturer or a qualified professional.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store Diethyl phthalate at temperatures below 30°C (86°F) to prevent excessive heat exposure, which may lead to degradation or changes in properties.

Protect from Light:
Keep Diethyl phthalate containers away from direct sunlight and UV radiation, as light exposure may cause some degradation over time.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in the storage area to prevent the buildup of vapors.

Storage Area:
Designate a specific, well-ventilated storage area for Diethyl phthalate, away from food, drink, and animal feed.

Secure Storage:
Keep Diethyl phthalate containers and storage area secure and out of reach of unauthorized personnel, especially children.

Environmental Considerations:
Observe all local environmental regulations and guidelines when storing Diethyl phthalate to prevent environmental contamination.

No Smoking:
Prohibit smoking or open flames in the storage area.

Labeling:
Clearly label Diethyl phthalate containers with the product name, hazard warnings, and handling instructions.



SYNONYMS


Diethyl phthalate
Phthalic acid diethyl ester
Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl phthalate
Ethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Diethyl o-phthalate
Diethyl orthophthalate
Diethyl benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Diethyl 1,2-phthalate
Diethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl o-phthalate
Ethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Ethyl benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-phthalate
Ethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl o-phthalate
Diethyl orthophthalate
Ethyl o-phthalate
Ethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Ethyl benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-phthalate
Ethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Phthalic acid diethyl ester
Diethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Ethyl orthophthalate
Ethyl phthalic ester
Diethyl phthalate plasticizer
Diethyl o-benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Ethyl o-phthalic ester
Ethyl orthobenzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl o-phthalic acid diester
Ethyl ester of phthalic acid
Diethyl phthalate solvent
Phthalic acid diethylester
Diethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl phthalate ester
Diethyl 1,2-phthalate
Ethyl benzene-ortho-dicarboxylate
Diethyl ester of phthalic acid
Ethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl phthalate plasticizer
Ethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Diethyl phthalate solvent
Ethyl orthophthalic ester
Ethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl phthalate
Phthalic acid diethyl ester
Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl phthalate
Ethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Diethyl o-phthalate
Diethyl orthophthalate
Diethyl benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Diethyl 1,2-phthalate
Diethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl o-phthalate
Ethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Ethyl benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-phthalate
Ethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Diethyl o-phthalate
Diethyl orthophthalate
Ethyl o-phthalate
Ethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Ethyl benzeneortho-dicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-phthalate
Ethyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Ethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
DIETHYL SEBACATE
DIETHYL TOLUAMIDE, N° CAS : 134-62-3 / 26545-51-7, Nom INCI : DIETHYL TOLUAMIDE, Nom chimique : N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 205-149-7, Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent de protection de la peau : Aide à éviter les effets néfastes des facteurs externes sur la peau
DIETHYL SULFATE
Diethyl Sulfate Property of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is moisture sensitive liquid. Heating can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors. Toxicity of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), as of 1999 there is not sufficient evidence for the carcinogenic properties of diethyl sulfate in humans, but there is in animals. Diethyl sulfate is classified as a Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) carcinogen by the IARC. Preparation of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol. Properties of Diethyl sulfate Chemical formula C4H10O4S Molar mass 154.18 g·mol−1 Appearance Colorless liquid Density 1.2 g/mL Melting point −25 °C (−13 °F; 248 K) Boiling point 209 °C (408 °F; 482 K) (decomposes) Solubility in water decomposes in water Vapor pressure 0.29 mm Hg Magnetic susceptibility (χ) -86.8·10−6 cm3/mol Application of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of: • Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties. • N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones. • Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes. Diethyl sulfate can also be used as an alkylating agent to synthesize 1-alkyl/aralkyl-2-(1-arylsufonylalkyl)benzimidazoles and an ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole ethylsulfate. Diethyl sulfate is an alkyl sulfate. Diethyl sulfate appears as a clear colorless liquid with a peppermint odor. Burns, though may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue. It is a potent alkylating agent. Flash point is 104° C (219° F) [Aldrich MSDS]. Diethyl Sulfate is a colorless, corrosive, oily liquid that darkens with age and has a faint peppermint odor. Diethyl sulfate is mainly used as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis and in the dye and textile manufacturing. Exposure to this substance results in severe irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Diethyl Sulfate is a possible mutagen and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and may be associated with developing laryngeal cancer. After male CFE albino rats were administered 1 ml of a 5% (v/v) solution of diethyl sulfate in arachis oil by gavage or by intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injection, ethylmercapturic acid and a sulfoxide were identified as metabolites. Uses of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent, and also as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonations. Diethyl sulfate is also a chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols, and as an alkylating agent. Diethyl sulfate is available as a technical grade product that contains 99.5% active ingredient or as a laboratory chemical with a purity of 95% to >98%. An analytical method for the determination of diethyl sulfate in air has been developed /using/ gas chromatography with a flame photometric detector. Hazards Summary of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate. No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, or developmental effects of diethyl sulfate in humans. In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of diethyl sulfate. In one study, rats orally exposed to diethyl sulfate developed tumors in the forestomach. EPA has not classified diethyl sulfate with respect to potential carcinogenicity. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified diethyl sulfate as a Group 2A, probable human carcinogen. The presence of moisture in a metal container of diethyl sulfate caused formation of sulfuric acid which reacted with the metal to release hydrogen which pressurized and exploded the container. This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Diethyl sulfate is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart. Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Diethyl sulfate is included on this list. National Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Diethyl sulfate (64-67-5) is listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Evidence for Carcinogenicity Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity in humans of diethyl sulfate. There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of diethyl sulfate in experimental animals. Diethyl sulfate is probably carcinogenic to humans (2A). In making the overall evaluation, the Working Group took into account diethyl sulfate is a strong direct alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and that as a result, it is genotoxic in virtually all test systems examined including potent effects in somatic and germ cells of mammals exposed in vivo. Diethyl sulfate: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. In a historical cohort study of process workers, chemical mechanics, and refinery workers at a factory manufacturing isopropyl alcohol and ethanol by the strong acid process, a process which produces high concns of diethyl sulfate, excess mortality from upper respiratory (laryngeal) cancer was found among process workers. Diethyl sulfate induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in pollen of petunia hybrida. It induced chromosomal aberrations in meiotic cells and chlorophyll mutations in rice, ring chromosomes in Allium sativum root tips and anaphase and telophase aberrations in Papaver somniferum root meristemic cells. The dermal carcinogenicity of diethyl sulfate was evaluated in a group of 40 C3H/HeJ male mice painted 3 times/week for their lifespan on the skin of the back, with undiluted diethyl sulfate at an average dose of 0.0074 g/mouse/application. A negative control group of 40 animals was exposed to 0.0126 g acetone/mouse/application in the same manner as the treated group. All the treated mice were dead after 23 months of the study, 11 after 18 months, and 27 after one year. The first skin neoplasm was observed after 12 months of treatment, with a total of 21 animals developing malignant skin neoplasms. The total cancer incidence was 87.5% and the median latent periods for appearance of neoplasms and cancer were 15.7 and 16.2 months, respectively. No skin tumors were observed in the control group. The mutagenicity of diethyl sulfate was evaluated in the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) Mutation test, both in the presence and absence of added metabolic activation by Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 fraction. Based on the results of preliminary toxicity determinations, diethyl sulfate, diluted with DMSO, was tested for mutagenicity at ranges of concentrations of 2.5-40x10(-3)% and 5-80x10(-3)% (v/v in DMSO) in the presence and absence of activation, respectively. All concentrations of diethyl sulfate tested caused a positive response in the tests both with and without activation. The ability of diethyl sulfate to induce sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was evaluated in the absence of added metabolic activation. Based on preliminary toxicity tests, diethyl sulfate, diluted with DMSO, was tested at concentrations of 0, 0.00125, 0.0025, 0.0050, 0.010 or 0.020 % (v/v). A total of 15 cells/dose level were examined in all but the highest dose level tested since this dose level was toxic to the cells. There were statistically significant increases observed in the numbers of SCE/cell and SCE/chromosome relative to negative controls at concentrations of 0.0050 and 0.010% (p < 0.001, Student's t-test). A positive dose-response relationship was observed. The ability of diethyl sulfate to cause an increase in unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat liver cells was evaluated. Based on preliminary toxicity tests, diethyl sulfate, diluted in DMSO, was tested at concentrations of 0, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.003, 0.010, 0.030 or 0.100% (v/v). Cells were treated with test article for 2 hrs. Statistically significant increases in DNA synthesis relative to negative controls were observed at all tested concentrations using both values for radioactivity incorporation into either nuclei or DNA (p < 0.05 for concentrations of 0.001 and 0.100% and p < 0.001 for the remaining concentrations). A linear dose-response pattern was not observed although the cumulative responses observed over a wide range of concentrations suggested a significant biological effect. Diethyl sulfate's production and use as an ethylating agent for a wide variety of organic functional groups may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 0.212 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Diethyl sulfate will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Diethyl sulfate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9 days. Diethyl sulfate is also degraded in the atmosphere by water and moisture and the half-life for this reaction is less than 1 day. If released to soil, Diethyl sulfate is expected to hydrolyze rapidly in moist soils. Adsorption, biodegradation, and volatilization from soil are not expected to be important fate processes because hydrolysis occurs rapidly. If released into water, Diethyl sulfate is expected to hydrolyze with an estimated half-life of 1.7 hours; ethanol and sulfuric acid have been identified as hydrolysis products. Volatilization, adsorption to suspended solids and sediments, biodegradation, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes in aquatic systems because of the rapid rate of hydrolysis. Occupational exposure to Diethyl sulfate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Diethyl sulfate is produced or used in the synthesis of a variety of intermediates and products. Diethyl sulfate's production and use as an ethylating agent for a wide variety of organic functional groups(1-3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to water, Diethyl sulfate is expected to hydrolyze rapidly. A hydrolysis rate constant of 1.15X10-4/sec at 25 °C translates to a half-life of 1.7 hours at pH 7. The rate of hydrolysis will increase in both acidic and basic waters as the reaction is catalyzed under these conditions. Volatilization from water surfaces, adsorption to suspended solids and sediments, biodegradation, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes in aquatic systems because of hydrolysis. According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, Diethyl sulfate, which has a vapor pressure of 0.212 mm Hg at 25 °C, is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Diethyl sulfate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-lives for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 9 days, calculated from its rate constant of 1.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C. Diethyl sulfate also reacts rapidly with water in the atmosphere, with an estimated half-life of <1 day. Diethyl sulfate, present at 100 mg/l, achieved 89% of its theoretical BOD after 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test. The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Diethyl sulfate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 1.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C. This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 9 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm. Experimental rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of Diethyl sulfate with ozone, <3.4X10-21 cu cm/mol-sec; ammonia, <1.4X10-21 cu cm/mol-sec; and water, <2.3X10-23 cu cm/mol-sec translate to atmospheric lifetimes of >12 yr, >9 yr, and <1 day, respectively. A measured hydrolysis rate constant of 1.15X10-4/sec for Diethyl sulfate in water at 25 °C translates to a half-life of 1.7 hrs at pH 7. The reaction is catalyzed under both acidic and basic conditions forming sulfuric acid and free ethanol. Based upon the rapid rate of hydrolysis for Diethyl sulfate in aqueous environments, bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is expected to be low. In 1989, total land releases of Diethyl sulfate in the US were estimated at approximately 114 kg and total air emissions were estimated as approximately 4 tons from 28 locations. Diethyl sulfate was qualitatively detected in the atmosphere of the Netherlands. In 1989, total air emissions of Diethyl sulfate in the U.S. were estimated at approximately 4 tons from 28 locations. NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2,261 workers (164 of these are female) are potentially exposed to Diethyl sulfate in the US. Occupational exposure to Diethyl sulfate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Diethyl sulfate is produced or used. About Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum. Diethyl sulfate is used at industrial sites. Consumer Uses of Diethyl sulfate ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Diethyl sulfate is most likely to be released to the environment. Article service life of Diethyl sulfate ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Diethyl sulfate is most likely to be released to the environment. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed. Widespread uses by professional workers ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using Diethyl sulfate. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Diethyl sulfate is most likely to be released to the environment. Formulation or re-packing of Diethyl sulfate ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Diethyl sulfate is most likely to be released to the environment. Uses at industrial sites of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is used in the following products: polymers. Diethyl sulfate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates). Diethyl sulfate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals. Release to the environment of Diethyl sulfate can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates). Manufacture of Diethyl sulfate ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Diethyl sulfate is most likely to be released to the environment. 1.1 Exposure data Diethyl sulfate is manufactured from ethylene and sulfuric acid. It is used principally as an intermediate (ethylating agent) in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production. It is an obligatory intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the preparation of synthetic ethanol from ethylene. No data were available on levels of occupational exposure to diethyl sulfate. 1.2 Human carcinogenicity data One cohort study at a US isopropanol and ethanol manufacturing plant revealed an increased risk for laryngeal cancer. A subsequent case-control study nested in an expanded cohort at this plant indicated that the increased risk was related to exposure to sulfuric acid; the risk persisted even after exclusion of workers in the ethanol and isopropanol units. A cohort study from two US plants producing ethanol and isopropanol suggested an increased risk for cancers of the larynx, buccal cavity and pharynx, but not of the lung, in strong-acid workers. An association between estimated exposure to diethyl sulfate and risk for brain tumour was suggested in a study of workers at a US petrochemical plant. No measurement of exposure diethyl sulfate was available for the industrial processes investigated in the epidemiological studies. It is therefore difficult to assess the contribution of diethyl sulfate to the increased cancer risks. Furthermore, exposure to mists and vapours from strong inorganic acids, primarily sulfuric acid, may play a role in increasing these risks. 1.3 Animal carcinogenicity data Diethyl sulfate was tested for carcinogenicity by oral and subcutaneous administration in one strain of rats. After subcutaneous administration, a high incidence of malignant tumours occurred at the injection site. Following oral gavage of diethyl sulfate, forestomach tumours were observed. A low incidence of malignant tumours of the nervous system was observed in the same strain of rats after prenatal exposure. 1.4 Other relevant data Diethyl sulfate induced specific locus mutations in mouse germ-line cells. It was clastogenic in mice and newts, induced DNA damage in mice and rats and ethylated DNA in mice. Diethyl sulfate induced chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus formation in cultured human lymphocytes. It induced alkali-labile sites in cultured human leukocytes in one study. In cultured mammalian cells, diethyl sulfate induced chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus formation, sister chromatid exchange, forward mutation and DNA single-strand breaks; it also induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. In single studies, diethyl sulfate did not induce aneuploidy or reciprocal translocation in Drosophila melanogaster but did induce sex-linked recessive lethal mutations and genetic crossing-over. In plant cells, diethyl sulfate induced chromosomal aberrations, mutation and unscheduled DNA synthesis. It induced reverse mutation and mitotic recombination in yeast. Diethyl sulfate induced mutation and DNA damage in bacteria. 1.5 Evaluation There is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity in humans of diethyl sulfate. There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity in experimental animals of diethyl sulfate. Diethyl sulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA. As a result, it is genotoxic in virtually all test systems examined including induction of potent effects in somatic and germ cells of mammals exposed in vivo. Hazard Summary of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate. No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, or developmental effects of diethyl sulfate in humans. In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of diethyl sulfate. In one study, rats orally exposed to diethyl sulfate developed tumors in the forestomach. EPA has not classified diethyl sulfate with respect to potential carcinogenicity. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified diethyl sulfate as a Group 2A, probable human carcinogen. Uses of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent, and also as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonations. Diethyl sulfate is also a chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols, and as an alkylating agent. Sources and Potential Exposure of Diethyl sulfate The most probable routes of exposure to diethyl sulfate are by dermal contact or inhalation during its production or use. Individuals may also be exposed to diethyl sulfate in the ambient environment from fugitive emissions. Physical Properties of Diethyl sulfate The chemical formula for diethyl sulfate is C4H10O4S, and its molecular weight is 154.19 g/mol. Diethyl sulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid that darkens with age and is practically insoluble with water. Diethyl sulfate has a faint ethereal or peppermint odor; the odor threshold has not been established. The vapor pressure for diethyl sulfate is 0.29 mm Hg at 25 °C, and its log octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) is 1.14. Diethyl sulfate Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Chemical Properties of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint- like odor, which darkens with age (Budavari, 1996). It is miscible with alcohol and ether (O'Neil, 2006). At higher temperatures, DES rapidly decomposes into monoethyl sulfate and alcohol (NTP, 2011). Uses of Diethyl sulfate The primary use of diethyl sulfate is as a chemical intermediate (ethylating agent) in synthesis of ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; and in some sulfonation processes. It is used to manufacture dyes, pigments, carbonless paper, and textiles. It is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the preparation of synthetic ethanol from ethylene. Smaller quantities are used in household products, cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory reagents (IARC 1992, 1999, HSDB 2009). In 1966, it was used as a mutagen to create the Luther variety of barley (IARC 1974). Uses As an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; intermediate in the production by one method of ethyl alcohol from ethylene and sulfuric acid Preparation of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is produced from ethanol and sulfuric acid, from ethylene and sulfuric acid, or from diethyl ether and fuming sulfuric acid (Budavari, 1996). General Description of Diethyl sulfate A clear colorless liquid with a peppermint odor. Burns, though may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Reactivity Profile of Diethyl sulfate The presence of moisture in a metal container of Diethyl sulfate caused the formation of sulfuric acid which reacts with the metal to release hydrogen which pressurized and exploded the container. Carcinogenicity of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals. History of Diethyl sulfate Diethyl sulfate was studied contemporaneously with ether by German alchemist August Siegmund Frobenius in 1730, subsequently by French chemists Fourcroy in 1797 and Gay-Lussac in 1815. Swiss scientist Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure also studied it in 1807. In 1827, French chemist and pharmacist Félix-Polydore Boullay (1806-1835) along with Jean-Baptiste André Dumas noted the role of Diethyl sulfate in the preparation of diethyl ether from sulfuric acid and ethanol. Further studies by the German chemist Eilhard Mitscherlich and the Swedish chemist Jöns Berzelius suggested sulfuric acid was acting as a catalyst, this eventually led to the discovery of sulfovinic acid as an intermediate in the process. The advent of electrochemistry by Italian physicist Alessandro Volta and English chemist Humphry Davy in the 1800s confirmed ether and water were formed by the reaction of sub-stoichiometric amounts of sulfuric acid on ethanol and that sulfovinic acid was formed as an intermediate in the reaction. Production of Diethyl sulfate Ethanol was produced primarily by the sulfuric acid hydration process in which ethylene is reacted with sulfuric acid to produce Diethyl sulfate followed by hydrolysis, but this method has been mostly replaced by direct hydration of ethylene. Diethyl sulfate can be produced in a laboratory setting by reacting ethanol with sulfuric acid under a gentle boil, while keeping the reaction below 140 °C. The sulfuric acid must be added dropwise or the reaction must be actively cooled because the reaction itself is highly exothermic. CH3CH2OH + H2SO4 → CH3-CH2-O-SO3H + H2O If the temperature exceeds 140 °C, the Diethyl sulfate product tends to react with residual ethanol starting material, producing diethyl ether. If the temperature exceeds 170 °C in a considerable excess of sulfuric acid, the Diethyl sulfate breaks down into ethylene and sulfuric acid. Reactions of Diethyl sulfate The mechanism of the formation of Diethyl sulfate, diethyl ether, and ethylene is based on the reaction between ethanol and sulfuric acid, which involves protonation of the ethanolic oxygen to form the[vague] oxonium ion. Diethyl sulfate accumulates in hair after chronic alcohol consumption and its detection can be used as a biomarker for alcohol consumption. Salts Diethyl sulfate can exist in salt forms, such as sodium Diethyl sulfate, potassium Diethyl sulfate, and calcium Diethyl sulfate. The salt can be formed by adding the according carbonate, or bicarbonate salt. As an example, Diethyl sulfate and potassium carbonate forms potassium Diethyl sulfate and potassium bicarbonate. Ethyl glucuronide and diethyl sulfate are minor metabolites of alcohol that are found in various body fluids and also in human hair. Ethyl glucuronide is formed by the direct conjugation of ethanol and glucuronic acid through the action of a liver enzyme. Diethyl sulfate is formed directly by the conjugation of ethanol with a sulfate group. These compounds are water soluble and can be used as direct alcohol biomarkers. Fatty acid ethyl esters are also direct markers of alcohol abuse because they are formed due to the chemical reaction between fatty acids and alcohol. Fatty acid ethyl esters are formed primarily in the liver and pancreas and then are released into the circulation. These compounds are also incorporated into hair follicles through sebum and can be used as a biomarker of alcohol abuse.
DIETHYL SULPHATE
Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula CAS number 64-67-5.
Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production.
Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

CAS Number: 64-67-5
EC Number: 200-589-6
Chemical formula: C4H10O4S
Molar mass: 154.18 g·mol−1

Synonyms: Diethyl sulfate, 64-67-5, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester, Diethyl sulphate, DIETHYLSULFATE, Diaethylsulfat, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, UNII-K0FO4VFA7I, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, NSC 56380, K0FO4VFA7I, CHEBI:34699, MFCD00009099, DSSTox_CID_4045, DSSTox_RID_77265, DSSTox_GSID_24045, Diethyl tetraoxosulfate, Diaethylsulfat, DES (VAN), CAS-64-67-5, CCRIS 242, HSDB 1636, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, EINECS 200-589-6, UN1594, diethylsulphate, diethyl-sulphate, AI3-15355, diethylsulfuric acid, EtOSO3Et, Diethyl sulfate, 98%, EC 200-589-6, SCHEMBL1769, WLN: 2OSWO2, Sulphuric acid diethyl ester, BIDD:ER0594, CHEMBL163100, DTXSID1024045, BCP25766, NSC56380, ZINC1686883, Tox21_202402, Tox21_300169, NSC-56380, STL268863, AKOS009157686, MCULE-1621267036, UN 1594, Diethyl sulfate, NCGC00164138-01, NCGC00164138-02, NCGC00164138-03, NCGC00253940-01, NCGC00259951-01, M292, D0525, FT-0624858, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester;Diethyl sulphate, Q421338, J-520306, F0001-1737, DES, Diaethylsulfat, diethyl sulphate, diethyl tetraoxosulfate, diethylsulfate, Et2SO4, ethyl sulfate, sulfuric acid diethyl ester, sulphuric acid diethyl ester, 200-589-6, 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, polymer and 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, compound with diethyl sulfate, 64-67-5, Diaethylsulfat, DIETHYL MONOSULFATE, Diethyl sulfate, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, Diethylsulfat, MFCD00009099, Sulfate de diéthyle, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester, [64-67-5], 2OSWO2, DES (VAN), Diaethylsulfat, DIETHYL SULPHATE, DIETHYL TETRAOXOSULFATE, diethylsulfate, ethyl ethoxysulfonate, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, Ethyl sulfate, Sulphuric acid diethyl ester, SULPHURIC ACIDDIETHYL ESTER, UN 1594

Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic, combustible, and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with the formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl sulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive to tissue and metals.

Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl sulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula CAS number 64-67-5.
Diethyl sulfate occurs as a colorless viscous liquid with a peppermint odor.

Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production.
Diethyl sulfate is anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

A nested case control study of 17 benign brain tumours in workers at a petrochemical plant found the risk of brain cancer to be associated with exposure to diethyl sulfate.
Diethyl sulfate is reported to cause tumours both locally and systemically

Evidence in animals and humans suggest that carcinogenicity may be due to a mutagenic mode of action.
However, insufficient data exists to recommend a suitable TWA.

Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic, combustible, and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with the formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl sulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive to tissue and metals.

Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl sulfate is also used as a potent ethylating agent.
Diethyl sulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl sulfate, also known as DES, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sulfuric acid diesters.
These are organic compounds containing the sulfuric acid diester functional group with the generic structure ROS(OR')(=O)=O, (R,R'=organyl group).

Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Diethyl sulfate.
Diethyl sulfate has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ).

Diethyl sulfate is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or Diethyl sulfate derivatives.
Technically Diethyl sulfate is part of the human exposome.

The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health.
An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

Diethyl sulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.
Diethyl sulfate is used at industrial sites.

Diethyl Sulfate is a colorless, corrosive, oily liquid that darkens with age and has a faint peppermint odor.
Diethyl sulfate is mainly used as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis and in the dye and textile manufacturing.

Exposure to this substance results in severe irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
Diethyl sulfate is a possible mutagen and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and may be associated with developing laryngeal cancer.

Diethyl sulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate.
No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, or developmental effects of diethyl sulfate in humans.

In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of diethyl sulfate.
In one study, rats orally exposed to diethyl sulfate developed tumors in the forestomach.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified diethyl sulfate as a Group 2A, probable human carcinogen.
Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4.

Diethyl sulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive.
Diethyl sulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl sulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles

Diethyl sulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl sulfate occurs as a colourless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odour and is corrosive.
Diethyl sulphate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

Diethyl sulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.
Diethyl sulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol.

Diethyl sulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic.

Diethyl sulfate is a colorless liquid with formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl sulfate has a peppermint odor with a melting point of about -25 ℃ and boiling point of 209.5 ℃ where Diethyl sulfate decomposes.
When heated or mixed with hot water, irritant fumes is released.

Diethyl sulfate does not dissolve in water, but is miscible with alcohol, ether and most polar organic solvents.
Diethyl sulfate exists in the atmosphere in the gas phase.

Diethyl sulfate will react with hydroxyl radical and has a short lifetime in the atmosphere where Diethyl sulfate will decompose into ethyl sulfate hydrogen sulfate and ethanol.
Upon heating or mixing with hot water, diethyl sulfate will decompose into ethyl hydrogen sulfate and alcohol.

Diethyl sulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate.
In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of diethyl sulfate.

Diethyl sulfate is a substance classified to the group of carcinogens.
The value of maximum admissible concentration for this substance in workplace air is not specified in Poland.

Due to the use of Diethyl sulfate in domestic companies there is a need to develop a sensitive method for the determination of diethyl sulfate in the work environment.
Studies were performed using gas chromatography (GC) technique.

An Agilent Technologies chromatograph, series 7890A, with a mass selective detector was used in the experiment.
Separation was performed on a capillary column with Rtx-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm).

The possibility of using sorbent tubes filled with activated carbon (100 mg/50 mg), silica gel (100 mg/50 mg) and Porapak Q (150 mg/75 mg) for absorption of diethyl sulphate was investigated.
The method of sampling air containing diethyl sulfate was developed.

Among the sorbents to absorb Diethyl sulfate Porapak Q was chosen.
Determination of the adsorbed vapor includes desorption of Diethyl sulfate, using dichloromethane/methanol mixture (95:5, v/v) and chromatographic analysis of so obtained solution.

Method is linear (r = 0.999) within the investigated working range of 0.27- -5.42 µg/ml, which is an equivalent to air concentrations 0.0075-0.15 mg/m3 for a 36 l air sample.
The analytical method described in this paper allows for selective determination of diethyl sulfate in the workplace air in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, ethanol, dichloromethane, triethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and triethylenetetramine.

The invention provides a method used for preparing diethyl sulfate.
According to the method, a mixed solution containing ethyl hydrogen sulfate and/or diethyl sulfate is delivered through reaction distillation surface at a certain temperature, and at the same time, reduced pressure distillation is carried out, so that diethyl sulfate in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is separated rapidly, waste sulfuric acid in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is collected in a waste liquid collector, and ethanol is collected in a tail gas collector.
Recycling of waste sulfuric acid and collected ethanol can be realized; the method is low in cost; and no waste acid is discharged.

Optimization of the method for the determination of diethyl sulfate at workplaces
Diethyl sulfate is a substance classified to the group of carcinogens.

The value of maximum admissible concentration for this substance in workplace air is not specified in Poland.
Due to the use of Diethyl sulfate in domestic companies there is a need to develop a sensitive method for the determination of diethyl sulfate in the work environment.

Studies were performed using gas chromatography (GC) technique.
An Agilent Technologies chromatograph, series 7890A, with a mass selective detector was used in the experiment.

Separation was performed on a capillary column with Rtx-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm).
The possibility of using sorbent tubes filled with activated carbon (100 mg/50 mg), silica gel (100 mg/50 mg) and Porapak Q (150 mg/75 mg) for absorption of diethyl sulphate was investigated.

The method of sampling air containing diethyl sulfate was developed.
Among the sorbents to absorb Diethyl sulfate Porapak Q was chosen.

Determination of the adsorbed vapor includes desorption of Diethyl sulfate, using dichloromethane/methanol mixture (95:5, v/v) and chromatographic analysis of so obtained solution.
Method is linear (r = 0.999) within the investigated working range of 0.27- -5.42 μg/ml, which is an equivalent to air concentrations 0.0075-0.15 mg/m3 for a 36 l air sample.

The analytical method described in this paper allows for selective determination of diethyl sulfate in the workplace air in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, ethanol, dichloromethane, triethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and triethylenetetramine.

Diethyl Sulfate Market: Introduction
Diethyl sulfate is also known as diethyl monosulfate and sulfuric acid diethyl ester.
Diethyl sulfate is colorless liquid with faint peppermint odor.
Diethyl sulfate is an industrial solvent, which is highly carcinogenic.

Diethyl sulfate is considered a highly toxic chemical compound.
Diethyl sulfate possesses highly corrosive properties for metals.

Diethyl sulfate is a strong alkylating agent.
Diethyl sulfate is primarily employed in the formation of ethyl derivatives such as amine, thiols, phenols, and other derivatives.

Diethyl sulfate is widely used in chemical formulation as a chemical intermediate compound.
Diethyl sulfate has industrial applications in dyes, textiles, and coating manufacturing.
Key applications of diethyl sulfate include personal care products, pharmaceuticals, detergents, flavors, and fragrances.

Increase in demand for chemical intermediates in the production of hair dyes, textile dyes, and other pigments is anticipated to fuel the demand for diethyl sulfate during the forecast period.
Growth in the pharmaceutical industry, owing to the rise in demand for generic drugs and medicines, is projected to boost the demand for chemical intermediates such as diethyl sulfate in the next few years.

Diethyl sulfate is highly toxic.
Exposure to diethyl sulfate may cause eye irritation, skin rashes, and breathing problems.
This is a key factors estimated to hamper the global diethyl sulfate market in the next few years.

Diethyl Sulfate Market: Segmentation
In terms of application, the global diethyl sulfate market can be divided into alkylating agent, chemical intermediates, and others.
The alkylating agent segment is projected to hold major share of the global diethyl sulfate market during the forecast period.

Diethyl sulfate is majorly used in the synthesis of amines, thiols, and phenol derivatives in various applications.
This is likely to propel the demand for diethyl sulfate in the next few years.

Based on end-user industry, the diethyl sulfate market can be segmented into dyes and textiles, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and personal care.
The dyes and textiles segment is projected to constitute key share of the market in the near future.

Diethyl sulfate is used in the synthesis of textile dyes in several countries.
This is likely to fuel the demand for diethyl sulfate in the near future.

Diethyl Sulfate Market: Region-wise Outlook
Based on region, the global diethyl sulfate market can be split into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa.
North America and Europe are expected to constitute major share, after Asia Pacific, during the forecast period.
The U.S., Germany, and France have strong presence of major dye manufacturing companies that use diethyl sulfate.

In terms of volume, Asia Pacific is anticipated to hold leading share of the market during the forecast period.
Strong presence of chemical companies with well-established distribution network spread across the globe is driving the diethyl sulfate market in the region.

The Diethyl sulfate market in Latin America and Middle East & Africa is likely to expand at a sluggish pace in the next few years.
Increase in rapid industrialization in Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa is anticipated to boost the diethyl sulfate market in these countries during the forecast period.

Uses of Diethyl sulfate:
Diethyl sulphate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl sulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl sulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol.
Diethyl sulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic.

Diethyl sulfate is used chiefly as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis.
The principal uses are as an intermediate in dye manufacture, as an ethylating agent in pigment production, as a finishing agent in textile manufacture and as a dye-set agent in carbonless paper.
Smaller applications are in agricultural chemicals, in household products, in the pharmaceutical and cosme tic industries, as a laboratory reagent, as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in sorne sulfonation processes

Diethyl sulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.

N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.

The primary use of diethyl sulfate is as a chemical intermediate (ethylating agent) in synthesis of ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; and in some sulfonation processes.
Diethyl sulfate is used to manufacture dyes, pigments, carbonless paper, and textiles.

Diethyl sulfate is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the preparation of synthetic ethanol from ethylene.
Smaller quantities are used in household products, cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory reagents.
In 1966, Diethyl sulfate was used as a mutagen to create the Luther variety of barley.

Diethyl sulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent, and also as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonations.
Diethyl sulfate is also a chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols, and as an alkylating agent.

Diethyl sulfate is used mainly to make dyes; Also used as an ethylating agent (pigment production), a finishing agent (textile manufacturing), a dye-set agent (carbonless paper), and an accelerator (sulfation of ethylene); Also used in agricultural chemicals, household products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

As an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; intermediate in the production by one method of ethyl alcohol from ethylene and sulfuric acid

The principal uses are as an intermediate in dye manufacture, as an ethylating agent in pigment production, as a finishing agent in textile manufacture and as a dye-set agent in carbonless paper.
Smaller applications are in agricultural chemicals, in household products, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as a laboratory reagent, as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonation processes.

Chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols and as an alkylating agent.
Chiefly as an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; in some sulfonations.

Industry Uses of Diethyl sulfate:
Finishing agents,
Intermediates,
Processing aids, not otherwise listed,
Surface active agents.

Consumer Uses of Diethyl sulfate:
Cleaning and furnishing care products,
Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere,
Paper products.

Manufacturing process of Diethyl sulfate:
Diethyl sulfate is produced from ethylene and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Ethylene gas is bubbled through a solution of concentrated sulfuric acid.
Diethyl sulfate can also be produced by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid into a solution of ethyl alcohol or ethyl ether.

Methods of Manufacturing of Diethyl sulfate:
Prepared from ethanol + sulfuric acid; by absorption of ethylene in sulfuric acid; from diethyl ether and fuming sulfuric acid.

General Manufacturing Information of Diethyl sulfate:

Industry Processing Sectors of Diethyl sulfate:
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing,
Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities,
Paper manufacturing,
Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing,
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing.

Could be used as a mutagenic agent to produce a new variety of barley called Luther; however, no evidence was found that Diethyl sulfate is presently being used commercially for this purpose.

Method used for preparing Diethyl sulfate:
The invention provides a method used for preparing diethyl sulfate.
According to the method, a mixed solution containing ethyl hydrogen sulfate and/or diethyl sulfate is delivered through reaction distillation surface at a certain temperature, and at the same time, reduced pressure distillation is carried out, so that diethyl sulfate in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is separated rapidly, waste sulfuric acid in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is collected in a waste liquid collector, and ethanol is collected in a tail gas collector.
Recycling of waste sulfuric acid and collected ethanol can be realized; the method is low in cost; and no waste acid is discharged.

Ethyl sulfate is a kind of important ethylating agent, is also the important intermediate of the industry such as organic chemical industry, agricultural chemicals, medicine.
Because boiling point is high, carrying out ethylation reaction does not need high pressure, and therefore Diethyl sulfate can as a kind of desirable ethylating agent.
Prepare ethyl sulfate and have multiple method, be summed up several as follows: sulfuryl chloride-Ethanol Method, chlorsulfonic acid-Ethanol Method, ether-sulphate method, sulfuryl chloride-ethanol-sodium-chlor method, sulfuryl chloride-thionyl chloride-Ethanol Method, sulfuric acid-ethylene process, sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method.

In most cases all need in aforesaid method with underpressure distillation operation, ethyl sulfate to be distilled, and the remainder after distillation contains sulfuric acid.
The roughly similar process of sulfuric acid-ethylene process and sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, carries out all in two steps.

For sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, the first step is by sulfuric acid and ethanol mixing, because the reaction of sulfuric acid and ethanol is a reversible reaction, main containing resultant vinic acid in the mixture obtained, water, unreacted sulfuric acid and unreacted ethanol, generally the content of vinic acid is generally in the scope of 20-60%; Second step is by the underpressure distillation at 120-180 DEG C of this mixture, and in this process, vinic acid reacts and generates product ethyl sulfate, is depressurized simultaneously and distills.
In this process, if ethyl sulfate can not be distilled out in time, the transformation efficiency that vinic acid is converted into ethyl sulfate will reduce, simultaneously because sulfuric acid produces many side reactions at oxidation at high temperatures very good general.

For sulfuric acid-ethylene process, the first step is that ethene passes in sulfuric acid in certain temperature, main containing ethyl sulfate in the mixture obtained by this process, vinic acid and sulfuric acid, according to document (Zhang Yue edits.
The diagram of fine-chemical intermediate preparation flow, Chemical Industry Press, 1999, pp372 ~ 374), in mixture, content is about the ethyl sulfate of 43%, the vinic acid of 45%, the sulfuric acid of 12%; Second step is similar with sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, is also underpressure distillation at 120-180 DEG C.No matter describe from said process, be sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, or sulfuric acid-ethylene process all needs the mixture of the compounds such as sulfur acid hydrogen ethyl ester, sulfuric acid react under heating and distill out product ethyl sulfate.
Meanwhile, after distilling out ethyl sulfate, remaining part is mainly containing sulfuric acid.

The method of current bibliographical information adopts still distillation, and in the preparation of ethyl sulfate, this distillation efficiency is low, product ethyl sulfate can not be distilled in time.
In this case, due to too many containing pre-reaction liquid such as sulfuric acid in still, along with ethyl sulfate is distilled out, remaining ethyl sulfate is fewer and feweri, product ethyl sulfate is difficult to evaporate from a large amount of sulfuric acid, so just has many products and remains at the bottom of still and can not be distilled out; Again due to sulfuric acid at high temperature have strong oxygenizement, make this step react in still-process, produce a lot of side reaction, thus the yield of product is low.
Preparation cost is high, and the spent acid produced is many.

According to the literature, the ethyl sulfate that still distillation method often prepares a ton approximately produces the spent acid sulfuric acid of 2 tons.
Owing to being heated for a long time in still, containing many carbonization materials in the Waste Sulfuric Acid of gained, make this Waste Sulfuric Acid be the brown shape of thickness, the value of recycling is very low, generally can only abandon as refuse, will cause very large pollution like this.
So up to the present, domestic also do not have one can prepare ethyl sulfate to mass-producing.

Preparation of Diethyl sulfate:
Diethyl sulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol and is purified using rectification in vacuo.
This can be done on a large enough scale for commercial production.
Diethyl sulfate can then be purchased as a technical product or for use in a laboratory setting with 99.5% purity or 95% to 98% purity respectively.

Pharmacological Classification of Diethyl sulfate:

Alkylating Agents of Diethyl sulfate:
Highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning.
Many are used as antineoplastic agents, but most are very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions.
They have also been used as components in poison gases.

Mutagens of Diethyl sulfate:
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids.
A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.

Application of Diethyl sulfate:
Commercial manufacture of diethyl sulfate starts with ethylene and 96 wt% sulfuric acid heated at 60°C.
The resulting mixture of 43 wt% diethyl sulfate, 45 wt% ethyl hydrogen sulfate and 12 wt% sulfuric acid is heated with anhydrous sodium sulfate under vacuum, and diethyl sulfate is obtained in 86% yield; the commercial product is ~ 99% pure.
Dilution of the ethylene-sulfuric acid concentrate with water and extraction gives a 35% yield.

ln the reaction of ethylene with sulfuric acid, losses can occur due to several side reactions, incIuding oxidation, hydrolysis-dehydration and polymerization, especially at sulfuric acid concentrations ~ 98 wt%.
Diethyl sulfate is believed to be produced commercially by two companies, one in the
USA and one in Japan.

Annual US production is estimated at 5000 tonnes.
Diethyl sulfate is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the production of ethanol involving ethylene and sulfuric acid.
The reaction of ethylene with sulfurIc acid is complex, and water plays a major role in determining the concentrations of the intermediate alkyl sulfates.

In Canada, Diethyl sulfate is mainly used to make other chemicals which are then used in the manufacturing of softeners used to increase absorbency of tissue paper.
Diethyl sulphate may also be used to make products used in the manufacturing of a variety of other substances and products, including dyes, fragrances, and quaternary ammonium salts used as surfactants or flocculants in water treatment.

Diethyl sulfate may also be used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of commercial products such as sanitizers and organoclays.
Based on the most recent data available, diethyl sulfate is not manufactured in Canada, but is imported into Canada.

The silkworms of NB4D2 variety were treated with chemical mutagen Diethyl sulphate.
Thelarvae were subjected to two methods of treatments i.e., oral administration of the chemical mutagen and by injectionof 8mM and 10mM concentrations of chemical mutagen through body wall.
The lethal effect of the mutagen wasstudied in the subsequent generation.

The effect was drastic on structure & morphology of the meiotic chromosomes.
Many structural, physiological and numerical aberrations were observed and documented.
Certain numerical changessuch as induction of polyploids were attributed to the improvements observed in the expression of commercialcharacters in the silkworm

Diethyl sulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.

N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.

Diethyl sulfate can also be used as an alkylating agent to synthesize 1-alkyl/aralkyl-2-(1-arylsufonylalkyl)benzimidazoles and an ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole ethylsulfate.

Properties of Diethyl sulfate:
Diethyl sulfate is moisture sensitive liquid.
Heating can lead to release of toxic gases and vapors.

Diethyl sulfate gets darker over time.
Diethyl sulfate forms ethyl alcohol, ethyl sulfate, and eventually sulfuric acid when exposed to water.
Diethyl sulfate is also combustible; when burned, sulfur oxides, ether, and ethylene are produced.

Chemical Properties:
Diethyl sulfate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint- like odor, which darkens with age.
Diethyl sulfate is miscible with alcohol and ether.
At higher temperatures, Diethyl sulfate rapidly decomposes into monoethyl sulfate and alcohol

Handling and Storage of Diethyl sulfate:

Nonfire Spill Response of Diethyl sulfate:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
Stop leak if you can do Diethyl sulfate without risk.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Safe Storage:
Separated from food and feedstuffs.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Safety of Diethyl sulfate:
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data.
Poison by inhalation and subcutaneous routes.

Moderately toxic by ingestion and sktn contact.
A severe skin irritant.

An experimental teratogen.
Mutation data reported.
Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials.

Moisture causes liberation of H2SO4.
Violent reaction with potassium tert-butoxide.
Reacts violently with 3,8-dnitro-6-phenylphenanthridine + water.

Reaction with iron + water forms explosive hydrogen gas.
zTo fight fire, use alcohol foam, H2O foam, CO2, dry chemicals.

When heated to decomposition Diethyl sulfate emits toxic fumes of SOx.
See also SULFATES.

Storage Conditions:
Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Diethyl sulfate was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

First Aid of Diethyl sulfate:

INHHALATION:
Remove to fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

EYES OR SKIN:
Irrigate with running water for at least 15 min.; hold eyelids open if neccessary.
Consult an ophthamologist immediately.
Wash skin with soap and water.

Speed in removing material from skin is of extreme importance.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes at the site.

Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature.
Effects may be delayed; keep victim under observation.

INGESTION:
If victim is conscious, give victim two glasses of water and have victim induce vomiting.

Fire Fighting of Diethyl sulfate:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do Diethyl sulfate without risk.

Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Fire Fighting Procedures of Diethyl sulfate:
Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray.

Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.

Isolation and Evacuation of Diethyl sulfate:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Spillage Disposal of Diethyl sulfate:

Personal protection:
Complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.
Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Cleanup Methods of Diethyl sulfate:
A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms.
Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially.
Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal.

The plastic bag should be sealed immediately.
The sealed bag should be labelled properly.

Waste liquids should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal.
The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled.

Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface is not contaminated.
The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled.
Broken glassware should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk.
Use water spray to cool & disperse vapors, & protect personnel.

Approach release from upwind.
Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.
Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary.

Disposal Methods of Diethyl sulfate:
At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision.
Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste.
Summary of avail methods & recommendations given must be treated as guide only.

Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt.
However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose.

The most efficient type is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air: fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air.
Some are designed to accept aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise Diethyl sulfate is necessary to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust.
Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities are to be destroyed in laboratory.

HEPA (high-efficiency particulate arrestor) filters can be disposed of by incineration.
For spent charcoal filters, the adsorbed material can be stripped off at high temp & carcinogenic wastes generated by this treatment conducted to & burned in an incinerator.

LIQUID WASTE:
Disposal should be carried out by incineration at temp that ensure complete combustion.

SOLID WASTE:
Carcasses of lab animals, cage litter & misc solid wastes should be disposed of by incineration at temp high enough to ensure destruction of chem carcinogens or their metabolites.

Preventive Measures of Diethyl sulfate:
Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory.
All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used.
They should wash hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse thoroughly.

Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant.
No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided.
Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting.

In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection.
Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection.
If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab.

Operations connected with synth & purification should be carried out under well-ventilated hood.
Analytical procedures should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during procedures should be removed.
Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used & when new fume cupboards are installed.

Diethyl sulfate is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without powder being blown around the hood.
Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure.
Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur.

Vertical laminar-flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak-tight.
Horizontal laminar-flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used.

Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to Diethyl sulfate, giving date of test & avg air-flow measured.
This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes.

Identifiers of Diethyl sulfate:
CAS Number: 64-67-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:34699
ChEMBL: ChEMBL163100
ChemSpider: 5931
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.536
KEGG: C14706
PubChem CID: 6163
RTECS number: WS7875000
UNII: K0FO4VFA7I
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1024045
InChI:
InChI=1S/C4H10O4S/c1-3-7-9(5,6)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
Key: DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N check
InChI=1/C4H10O4S/c1-3-7-9(5,6)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
Key: DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYAR
SMILES: O=S(=O)(OCC)OCC

Properties of Diethyl sulfate:
Chemical formula: C4H10O4S
Molar mass: 154.18 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 1.2 g/mL
Melting point: −25 °C (−13 °F; 248 K)
Boiling point: 209 °C (408 °F; 482 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water: decomposes in water
Vapor pressure: 0.29 mm Hg
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -86.8·10−6 cm3/mol

Molecular Weight: 154.19
XLogP3: 1.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 154.02997997
Monoisotopic Mass: 154.02997997
Topological Polar Surface Area: 61 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Complexity: 130
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 5.3 (vs air)
vapor pressure:
2 mmHg ( 55 °C)
assay: 98%
form: liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.399 (lit.)
bp: 208 °C (lit.)
mp: −24 °C (lit.)
density: 1.177 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

Related compounds of Diethyl sulfate:
Dimethyl sulfate
diethyl sulfite

Names of Diethyl sulfate:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Diethyl sulfate

Other names:
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester

Translated names:
diethyl-sulfát
diethylsulfat
Diethylsulfat
dietil sulfat
dietil sulfat
dietil-sulfat
dietil-szulfát
dietilsolfato
dietilsulfatas
dietilsulfāts
dietyl-sulfát
dietylsulfat
dietylsulfat
Dietyylisulfaatti
Dietüülsulfaat
diHethylsulfaat
siarczan dietylu
sulfate de diéthyle
sulfato de dietilo
sulfato de dietilo
θειικός διαιθυλεστέρας
диетил сулфат
CAS names
Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester

IUPAC names:
DIETHYL SULFATE
Diethyl Sulfate
Diethyl sulfate
diethyl sulfate
Diethyl sulfate
DIETHYL SULPHATE
Diethyl Sulphate
Diethyl sulphate
diethyl sulphate
Diethyl sulphate
Diethyl sulphate REACH registration SCC < 1000 tpy DKSH Marketing Services Spain S.A.U.
Diethylsulfat
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester
DIETHYL TOLUAMIDE
SYNONYMS Diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, Hexyl 2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]benzoate CAS NO:302776-68-7
DIETHYL TOLUENE DIAMINE

Diethyl toluene diamine is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C11H18N2.
Diethyl toluene diamine is a type of diamine and is also known by its systematic IUPAC name, N,N'-diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine.

CAS Number: 68479-98-1
EC Number: 270-877-4

Synonyms: DETDA, N,N'-Diethyl-m-phenylenediamine, Ethacure 100, Ethacure 300, DAB 9, DAB-9, Ethacure 100S, Ethacure 300S, DETDA, Diethyltoluenediamine, Ethacure 100, Ethacure 300, DAB 9, DAB-9, Ethacure 100S, Ethacure 300S, Diethyl-m-phenylenediamine, Diethyltoluene diamine, 1,3-Benzenediamine, N,N'-diethyl-, N,N'-Diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine, Ethyltoluenediamine, Diethylbenzenediamine, Diethyltoluol diamine, Diethyldiaminotoluene, Diethylbenzene diamine, Diethyl toluene diamine, Diethyl toluene diamine, Ethyl toluate diamine



APPLICATIONS


Diethyl toluene diamine is widely used as a curing agent in the production of polyurethane elastomers.
Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in coatings and adhesives industries for its ability to provide fast curing times and excellent mechanical properties.
Diethyl toluene diamine is crucial in manufacturing polyurethane coatings used for corrosion protection in marine and industrial environments.

In the automotive sector, Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethanes are used for producing durable and scratch-resistant coatings on vehicle surfaces.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the formulation of polyurethane sealants, ensuring strong adhesion and sealing properties.
Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethane adhesives are utilized in bonding applications where high strength and flexibility are required.

Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the construction industry for manufacturing polyurethane flooring systems that offer abrasion resistance and durability.
Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in the production of flexible and rigid polyurethane foams used in furniture and bedding industries.
Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing rollers and conveyor belts with excellent wear resistance.

Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane coatings are applied in aerospace applications for their lightweight properties and corrosion resistance.
Diethyl toluene diamine is utilized in the manufacture of industrial coatings and linings to protect surfaces from chemicals, abrasion, and weathering.

Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the production of molded polyurethane parts used in various engineering and manufacturing sectors.
In electrical and electronic industries, Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethanes are used for encapsulating and protecting sensitive components.

Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives for bonding substrates such as metals, plastics, and composites.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane systems are used in marine applications for producing coatings that withstand harsh marine environments.

Diethyl toluene diamine is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing wheels, bushings, and other industrial components.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the production of sport and recreational equipment due to its impact resistance and durability.

Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the medical sector for manufacturing polyurethane materials used in prosthetics and medical devices.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane coatings are applied in the construction of bridges and infrastructure for corrosion protection and longevity.
Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives for assembling automotive parts and components.

Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethanes are used in the textile industry for producing water-resistant and durable fabrics and coatings.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for architectural and decorative applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine is utilized in the production of polyurethane elastomers for producing gaskets, seals, and industrial components.

Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the formulation of polyurethane potting compounds and encapsulants for protecting electronic and electrical assemblies.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane systems are utilized in the manufacturing of footwear and accessories for their durability and comfort.

Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing resilient and impact-resistant industrial wheels and rollers.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the production of polyurethane coatings for metal substrates in automotive and machinery industries.
Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethane systems are employed in the construction of pipelines and storage tanks for chemical resistance.

Diethyl toluene diamine is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives and sealants for bonding and sealing construction joints.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane materials are used in the aerospace sector for manufacturing lightweight and durable aircraft components.
Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in the production of polyurethane membranes and films used in waterproofing applications.

Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for concrete surfaces in infrastructure and building restoration projects.
Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the manufacture of polyurethane insulation materials for thermal and acoustic insulation in buildings.

Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethane foams are utilized in the automotive industry for producing comfortable and durable vehicle seats.
Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing resilient shock-absorbing materials in sports equipment.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane adhesives are used in the woodworking industry for bonding and assembling wooden furniture and structures.

Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the production of polyurethane potting compounds for encapsulating electronic and electrical components.
Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for industrial machinery and equipment to enhance durability and performance.

Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the formulation of polyurethane sealants for joint sealing in construction and infrastructure projects.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane systems are employed in the manufacture of moldings and castings for producing complex shapes and designs.

Diethyl toluene diamine is utilized in the production of polyurethane elastomers used in mining and heavy equipment for wear and impact resistance.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for renewable energy applications such as wind turbine blades.

Diethyl toluene diamine is used in the production of polyurethane adhesives and coatings for assembling and protecting electronic devices and components.
Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethane materials are employed in the automotive sector for producing durable and scratch-resistant vehicle coatings.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the formulation of polyurethane foams used in insulation panels for energy-efficient building construction.

Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane systems are used in the production of protective coatings for marine structures and offshore platforms.
Diethyl toluene diamine is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing resilient conveyor belts and industrial belting systems.
Diethyl toluene diamine finds application in the production of polyurethane coatings for outdoor furniture and playground equipment for weather resistance.

The compound is employed in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives and sealants for bonding and sealing HVAC ducts and systems.
Diethyl toluene diamine-based polyurethane systems are utilized in the manufacture of flexible packaging materials for food and pharmaceutical industries.

Diethyl toluene diamine's compatibility with different polyols and isocyanates allows for customization of polyurethane properties to meet specific application needs.
Due to its effectiveness in crosslinking polyurethane chains, Diethyl toluene diamine is a key component in the production of adhesives and sealants.

Diethyl toluene diamine's stability and reactivity make it suitable for use in both flexible and rigid polyurethane foam applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine formulations are used in flooring systems to achieve superior wear resistance and durability in high-traffic areas.
In industrial applications, Diethyl toluene diamine helps improve the performance of molded polyurethane parts by enhancing their load-bearing capabilities.

Diethyl toluene diamine-modified polyurethanes are employed in the manufacture of conveyor belts and rollers due to their impact resistance and low coefficient of friction.
Diethyl toluene diamine's ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions makes it suitable for marine and offshore coatings.

Diethyl toluene diamine-based adhesives are utilized in bonding substrates where high strength and resilience are essential, such as in automotive assembly.
Diethyl toluene diamine's compatibility with various fillers and additives allows for the enhancement of thermal and electrical properties in polyurethane composites.
In the aerospace industry, Diethyl toluene diamine is employed in the production of lightweight, durable materials for aircraft interiors and components.

Diethyl toluene diamine's effectiveness in maintaining mechanical properties at different temperatures makes it valuable in engineering applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine continues to be researched for its potential in advanced materials, aiming to improve sustainability and performance in diverse industries.



DESCRIPTION


Diethyl toluene diamine is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C11H18N2.
Diethyl toluene diamine is a type of diamine and is also known by its systematic IUPAC name, N,N'-diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine.
Diethyl toluene diamine is commonly used as a curing agent or crosslinker in the production of polyurethane elastomers and coatings.
Diethyl toluene diamine plays a crucial role in the polymerization process, where it reacts with polyols and diisocyanates to form strong, flexible polyurethane materials.

Diethyl toluene diamine is a versatile chemical compound used primarily as a curing agent in polyurethane applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine is characterized by its molecular structure consisting of a toluene ring with two ethyl groups and two amino groups attached to the benzene ring.
Diethyl toluene diamine is typically a viscous liquid at room temperature, ranging in color from light yellow to amber.

Diethyl toluene diamine is known for its high reactivity in polyurethane systems, facilitating the crosslinking process to produce durable elastomers.
Diethyl toluene diamine plays a crucial role in improving the mechanical strength, flexibility, and abrasion resistance of polyurethane products.

Diethyl toluene diamine is used extensively in industries such as automotive manufacturing, construction, and coatings due to its excellent curing properties.
The chemical structure of Diethyl toluene diamine allows it to form urea linkages with isocyanates and polyols, enhancing the performance and longevity of polyurethane materials.
Diethyl toluene diamine is appreciated for its ability to provide fast curing times and good handling properties in polyurethane formulations.
In polyurethane coatings, Diethyl toluene diamine contributes to enhancing chemical resistance and weatherability, making it suitable for outdoor applications.

Diethyl toluene diamine exhibits moderate toxicity and requires careful handling to prevent skin and eye irritation.
Diethyl toluene diamine is soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and ethyl acetate, which facilitates its incorporation into various formulation processes.

Its viscosity and curing kinetics can be adjusted by varying formulation parameters, offering flexibility in product development.
Diethyl toluene diamine is often preferred in applications where high-performance coatings or elastomers with excellent resilience are required.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Viscous liquid
Color: Light yellow to amber
Odor: Characteristic amine odor
Density: Approximately 1.02 g/cm³ at 20°C
Boiling Point: Approximately 330°C
Melting Point: Approximately -15°C
Solubility in Water: Insoluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, methanol, ethyl acetate


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C11H18N2
Molecular Weight: Approximately 178.28 g/mol
Structural Formula:
Diethyl toluene diamine has a benzene ring with two ethyl groups (diethyl) and two amino groups (diamine) attached to different positions on the ring.
CAS Number: 68479-98-1
EC Number: 270-877-4
Reactivity: Reacts with isocyanates and polyols to form polyurethane polymers.
Acidity/Basicity: Basic compound due to amino groups.
Flammability: Non-flammable under normal conditions.
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable liquid).
Autoignition Temperature: Not determined.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If Diethyl toluene diamine fumes are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to fresh air.

Provide Oxygen:
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if trained to do so.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the person calm and reassured.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove any contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.

Flush with Water:
Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap and avoid scrubbing to prevent skin irritation.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation persists or develops, seek medical attention promptly.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids.

Continue Flushing:
Continue flushing for at least 15 minutes, ensuring water reaches under eyelids.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, even if symptoms such as redness or irritation are not present.


Ingestion:

Do NOT Induce Vomiting
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse mouth thoroughly with water if the person is conscious and able to swallow.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with product information and SDS if available.


General First Aid Advice:

Personal Protection:
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and clothing, when handling Diethyl toluene diamine.

Medical Attention:
Ensure that all exposed personnel receive medical attention regardless of the severity of exposure.

Documentation:
Keep records of the incident, including exposure details, symptoms, and medical treatment provided.

Emergency Contacts:
Have emergency contact numbers readily available for medical professionals and poison control centers.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (long sleeves and pants) when handling Diethyl toluene diamine.
Use respiratory protection (such as a NIOSH-approved respirator) if ventilation is inadequate or if handling in enclosed spaces.


Engineering Controls:

Use local exhaust ventilation systems to minimize exposure to airborne vapors or mists.
Ensure adequate ventilation in the workplace to maintain air quality and reduce inhalation risks.


Avoid Direct Contact:

Avoid skin and eye contact with Diethyl toluene diamine. In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.


Handling Precautions:

Handle Diethyl toluene diamine in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to minimize exposure to vapors.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Diethyl toluene diamine, and wash hands thoroughly after handling.


Spill and Leak Procedures:

In case of a spill, contain the spill immediately using absorbent materials and prevent entry into waterways or sewers.
Wear appropriate PPE during cleanup and follow spill cleanup procedures as outlined in the SDS (Safety Data Sheet).


Storage Compatibility:

Store Diethyl toluene diamine in tightly closed containers away from sources of ignition, heat, and direct sunlight.
Ensure storage area is cool, dry, well-ventilated, and away from incompatible materials (such as strong oxidizing agents).


Storage:

Container Type:

Use containers made of chemical-resistant materials such as stainless steel, polyethylene, or glass.
Ensure containers are tightly sealed to prevent evaporation and contamination.


Temperature and Humidity:

Store Diethyl toluene diamine at ambient temperatures. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.
Maintain storage conditions that prevent excessive humidity or moisture ingress.


Segregation:

Store Diethyl toluene diamine away from acids, alkalis, strong oxidizing agents, and other incompatible chemicals to prevent reactions or contamination.


Labeling and Documentation:

Clearly label containers with product name, hazard warnings, handling precautions, and emergency contact information.
Keep up-to-date SDS readily available for reference by personnel handling or responding to emergencies.


Handling Guidance:

Train personnel on safe handling practices, emergency procedures, and proper use of PPE when working with Diethyl toluene diamine.
Periodically inspect storage areas for leaks, spills, or signs of deterioration in containers.


Emergency Response Preparedness:

Have spill control measures, fire extinguishing equipment, and emergency eyewash stations readily accessible in areas where Diethyl toluene diamine is handled or stored.
DIETHYL TOLUENE DIAMINE (DETDA)

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C11H18N2.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is a type of diamine and is also known by its systematic IUPAC name, N,N'-diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine.

CAS Number: 68479-98-1
EC Number: 270-877-4

Synonyms: DETDA, N,N'-Diethyl-m-phenylenediamine, Ethacure 100, Ethacure 300, DAB 9, DAB-9, Ethacure 100S, Ethacure 300S, DETDA, Diethyltoluenediamine, Ethacure 100, Ethacure 300, DAB 9, DAB-9, Ethacure 100S, Ethacure 300S, Diethyl-m-phenylenediamine, Diethyltoluene diamine, 1,3-Benzenediamine, N,N'-diethyl-, N,N'-Diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine, Ethyltoluenediamine, Diethylbenzenediamine, Diethyltoluol diamine, Diethyldiaminotoluene, Diethylbenzene diamine, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA), Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA), Ethyl toluate diamine



APPLICATIONS


Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is widely used as a curing agent in the production of polyurethane elastomers.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in coatings and adhesives industries for its ability to provide fast curing times and excellent mechanical properties.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is crucial in manufacturing polyurethane coatings used for corrosion protection in marine and industrial environments.

In the automotive sector, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethanes are used for producing durable and scratch-resistant coatings on vehicle surfaces.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the formulation of polyurethane sealants, ensuring strong adhesion and sealing properties.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethane adhesives are utilized in bonding applications where high strength and flexibility are required.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the construction industry for manufacturing polyurethane flooring systems that offer abrasion resistance and durability.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in the production of flexible and rigid polyurethane foams used in furniture and bedding industries.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing rollers and conveyor belts with excellent wear resistance.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane coatings are applied in aerospace applications for their lightweight properties and corrosion resistance.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is utilized in the manufacture of industrial coatings and linings to protect surfaces from chemicals, abrasion, and weathering.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the production of molded polyurethane parts used in various engineering and manufacturing sectors.
In electrical and electronic industries, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethanes are used for encapsulating and protecting sensitive components.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives for bonding substrates such as metals, plastics, and composites.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane systems are used in marine applications for producing coatings that withstand harsh marine environments.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing wheels, bushings, and other industrial components.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the production of sport and recreational equipment due to its impact resistance and durability.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the medical sector for manufacturing polyurethane materials used in prosthetics and medical devices.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane coatings are applied in the construction of bridges and infrastructure for corrosion protection and longevity.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives for assembling automotive parts and components.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethanes are used in the textile industry for producing water-resistant and durable fabrics and coatings.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for architectural and decorative applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is utilized in the production of polyurethane elastomers for producing gaskets, seals, and industrial components.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the formulation of polyurethane potting compounds and encapsulants for protecting electronic and electrical assemblies.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane systems are utilized in the manufacturing of footwear and accessories for their durability and comfort.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing resilient and impact-resistant industrial wheels and rollers.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the production of polyurethane coatings for metal substrates in automotive and machinery industries.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethane systems are employed in the construction of pipelines and storage tanks for chemical resistance.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives and sealants for bonding and sealing construction joints.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane materials are used in the aerospace sector for manufacturing lightweight and durable aircraft components.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in the production of polyurethane membranes and films used in waterproofing applications.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for concrete surfaces in infrastructure and building restoration projects.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the manufacture of polyurethane insulation materials for thermal and acoustic insulation in buildings.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethane foams are utilized in the automotive industry for producing comfortable and durable vehicle seats.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing resilient shock-absorbing materials in sports equipment.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane adhesives are used in the woodworking industry for bonding and assembling wooden furniture and structures.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the production of polyurethane potting compounds for encapsulating electronic and electrical components.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for industrial machinery and equipment to enhance durability and performance.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the formulation of polyurethane sealants for joint sealing in construction and infrastructure projects.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane systems are employed in the manufacture of moldings and castings for producing complex shapes and designs.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is utilized in the production of polyurethane elastomers used in mining and heavy equipment for wear and impact resistance.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the formulation of polyurethane coatings for renewable energy applications such as wind turbine blades.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used in the production of polyurethane adhesives and coatings for assembling and protecting electronic devices and components.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethane materials are employed in the automotive sector for producing durable and scratch-resistant vehicle coatings.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the formulation of polyurethane foams used in insulation panels for energy-efficient building construction.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane systems are used in the production of protective coatings for marine structures and offshore platforms.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane elastomers for producing resilient conveyor belts and industrial belting systems.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) finds application in the production of polyurethane coatings for outdoor furniture and playground equipment for weather resistance.

The compound is employed in the formulation of polyurethane adhesives and sealants for bonding and sealing HVAC ducts and systems.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based polyurethane systems are utilized in the manufacture of flexible packaging materials for food and pharmaceutical industries.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)'s compatibility with different polyols and isocyanates allows for customization of polyurethane properties to meet specific application needs.
Due to its effectiveness in crosslinking polyurethane chains, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is a key component in the production of adhesives and sealants.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)'s stability and reactivity make it suitable for use in both flexible and rigid polyurethane foam applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) formulations are used in flooring systems to achieve superior wear resistance and durability in high-traffic areas.
In industrial applications, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) helps improve the performance of molded polyurethane parts by enhancing their load-bearing capabilities.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-modified polyurethanes are employed in the manufacture of conveyor belts and rollers due to their impact resistance and low coefficient of friction.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)'s ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions makes it suitable for marine and offshore coatings.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)-based adhesives are utilized in bonding substrates where high strength and resilience are essential, such as in automotive assembly.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)'s compatibility with various fillers and additives allows for the enhancement of thermal and electrical properties in polyurethane composites.
In the aerospace industry, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is employed in the production of lightweight, durable materials for aircraft interiors and components.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA)'s effectiveness in maintaining mechanical properties at different temperatures makes it valuable in engineering applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) continues to be researched for its potential in advanced materials, aiming to improve sustainability and performance in diverse industries.



DESCRIPTION


Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C11H18N2.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is a type of diamine and is also known by its systematic IUPAC name, N,N'-diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is commonly used as a curing agent or crosslinker in the production of polyurethane elastomers and coatings.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) plays a crucial role in the polymerization process, where it reacts with polyols and diisocyanates to form strong, flexible polyurethane materials.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is a versatile chemical compound used primarily as a curing agent in polyurethane applications.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is characterized by its molecular structure consisting of a toluene ring with two ethyl groups and two amino groups attached to the benzene ring.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is typically a viscous liquid at room temperature, ranging in color from light yellow to amber.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is known for its high reactivity in polyurethane systems, facilitating the crosslinking process to produce durable elastomers.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) plays a crucial role in improving the mechanical strength, flexibility, and abrasion resistance of polyurethane products.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is used extensively in industries such as automotive manufacturing, construction, and coatings due to its excellent curing properties.
The chemical structure of Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) allows it to form urea linkages with isocyanates and polyols, enhancing the performance and longevity of polyurethane materials.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is appreciated for its ability to provide fast curing times and good handling properties in polyurethane formulations.
In polyurethane coatings, Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) contributes to enhancing chemical resistance and weatherability, making it suitable for outdoor applications.

Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) exhibits moderate toxicity and requires careful handling to prevent skin and eye irritation.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and ethyl acetate, which facilitates its incorporation into various formulation processes.

Its viscosity and curing kinetics can be adjusted by varying formulation parameters, offering flexibility in product development.
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is often preferred in applications where high-performance coatings or elastomers with excellent resilience are required.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Viscous liquid
Color: Light yellow to amber
Odor: Characteristic amine odor
Density: Approximately 1.02 g/cm³ at 20°C
Boiling Point: Approximately 330°C
Melting Point: Approximately -15°C
Solubility in Water: Insoluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, methanol, ethyl acetate


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C11H18N2
Molecular Weight: Approximately 178.28 g/mol
Structural Formula:
Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) has a benzene ring with two ethyl groups (diethyl) and two amino groups (diamine) attached to different positions on the ring.
CAS Number: 68479-98-1
EC Number: 270-877-4
Reactivity: Reacts with isocyanates and polyols to form polyurethane polymers.
Acidity/Basicity: Basic compound due to amino groups.
Flammability: Non-flammable under normal conditions.
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable liquid).
Autoignition Temperature: Not determined.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) fumes are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to fresh air.

Provide Oxygen:
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if trained to do so.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the person calm and reassured.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove any contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.

Flush with Water:
Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap and avoid scrubbing to prevent skin irritation.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation persists or develops, seek medical attention promptly.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids.

Continue Flushing:
Continue flushing for at least 15 minutes, ensuring water reaches under eyelids.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, even if symptoms such as redness or irritation are not present.


Ingestion:

Do NOT Induce Vomiting
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse mouth thoroughly with water if the person is conscious and able to swallow.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with product information and SDS if available.


General First Aid Advice:

Personal Protection:
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and clothing, when handling Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA).

Medical Attention:
Ensure that all exposed personnel receive medical attention regardless of the severity of exposure.

Documentation:
Keep records of the incident, including exposure details, symptoms, and medical treatment provided.

Emergency Contacts:
Have emergency contact numbers readily available for medical professionals and poison control centers.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (long sleeves and pants) when handling Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA).
Use respiratory protection (such as a NIOSH-approved respirator) if ventilation is inadequate or if handling in enclosed spaces.


Engineering Controls:

Use local exhaust ventilation systems to minimize exposure to airborne vapors or mists.
Ensure adequate ventilation in the workplace to maintain air quality and reduce inhalation risks.


Avoid Direct Contact:

Avoid skin and eye contact with Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA). In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.


Handling Precautions:

Handle Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to minimize exposure to vapors.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA), and wash hands thoroughly after handling.


Spill and Leak Procedures:

In case of a spill, contain the spill immediately using absorbent materials and prevent entry into waterways or sewers.
Wear appropriate PPE during cleanup and follow spill cleanup procedures as outlined in the SDS (Safety Data Sheet).


Storage Compatibility:

Store Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) in tightly closed containers away from sources of ignition, heat, and direct sunlight.
Ensure storage area is cool, dry, well-ventilated, and away from incompatible materials (such as strong oxidizing agents).


Storage:

Container Type:

Use containers made of chemical-resistant materials such as stainless steel, polyethylene, or glass.
Ensure containers are tightly sealed to prevent evaporation and contamination.


Temperature and Humidity:

Store Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) at ambient temperatures. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.
Maintain storage conditions that prevent excessive humidity or moisture ingress.


Segregation:

Store Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) away from acids, alkalis, strong oxidizing agents, and other incompatible chemicals to prevent reactions or contamination.


Labeling and Documentation:

Clearly label containers with product name, hazard warnings, handling precautions, and emergency contact information.
Keep up-to-date SDS readily available for reference by personnel handling or responding to emergencies.


Handling Guidance:

Train personnel on safe handling practices, emergency procedures, and proper use of PPE when working with Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA).
Periodically inspect storage areas for leaks, spills, or signs of deterioration in containers.


Emergency Response Preparedness:

Have spill control measures, fire extinguishing equipment, and emergency eyewash stations readily accessible in areas where Diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) is handled or stored.

DIETHYLAMINO HYDROXYBENZOYL HEXYL BENZOATE
Diethylaminoethanol; 2-Dietilaminoetanol; 2-Diéthylaminoéthanol; 2-Diethylaminoethanol; 2-Hydroxytriethylamine; 2-N,N-diethylaminoethanol; beta-diethylaminoethanol; beta-hydroxytriethylamine; diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Diethylaminoethanol; Diethylethanolamine; DEAE; N-diethylaminoethanol; N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; N,N-Diethylethanolamine; N,N-diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl) Amine CAS NO:100-37-8
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
DESCRIPTION:
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL (DEEA) is a tertiary alkanolamine multi-component aqueous solvent.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL has a high chemical stability and resistance against degradation.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used to prepare quaternary ammonium salts.
These salts are widely used as phase transfer catalysts to promote reactions between immiscible phases.

CAS Number: 100-37-8
EC Number: 202-845-2
Linear Formula:(C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH



SYNONYM(S) OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
N,N-Diethylethanolamine, DEAE, DEEA DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,Diethylaminoethanol,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol,N,N-Diethylethanolamine,Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine,(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol,2-Hydroxytriethylamine,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE,BETA-DIETHYLAMINOETHYL ALCOHOL,DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLAMINO-2 ETHANOL,Diethylaminoethanol,DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE (DEEA),DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,Diethylaminoethanol,N,N-DIETHYL-2-AMINOETHANOL,N,N-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,2-(dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride,2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL hydrochloride,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL hydrochloride, 14C-labeled,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL sulfate (2:1),DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL tartrate,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, sodium salt,DEAE,deanol hydrochloride,diethylaminoethanol,diethylethanolamine,ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-, hydrochloride (1:1),ethanol, 2-dimethylamino-, hydrochloride,N,N-diethylethanolamine,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,100-37-8,N,N-Diethylethanolamine,Diethylethanolamine,DEAE,(Diethylamino)ethanol,Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-,N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol,(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine,2-(Diethylamino)Ethan-1-Ol,Diethylmonoethanolamine,2-Hydroxytriethylamine,Pennad 150,Diaethylaminoaethanol,2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine,N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine,beta-Diethylaminoethanol,beta-Hydroxytriethylamine,2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol,Diethylamino ethanol,N-Diethylaminoethanol,2-N-Diethylaminoethanol,diethyl ethanolamine,DEEA,beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol,2-diethylamino-ethanol,N-(Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine,NSC 8759,N,N-Diethylaminoethanol,2-(diethylamino)-ethanol,2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol,.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethanol,ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO,S6DL4M053U,beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol,DTXSID5021837,CHEBI:52153,.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
NSC-8759,N,N-Diethyl-N-(.beta.-hydroxyethyl)amine,DTXCID401837,ethane, 1-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-,CAS-100-37-8,Diaethylaminoaethanol [German],CCRIS 4793,HSDB 329,EINECS 202-845-2,UN2686,UNII-S6DL4M053U,-diethylamino,AI3-16309,2-Diethylamino,Diathylaminoathanol,Diethylamlnoethanol,MFCD00002850,N, N-Diethylethanolamine,beta-(Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-diethyl ethanol amine,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [UN2686] [Corrosive],.beta.-Hydroxytriethylamine,EC 202-845-2,SCHEMBL3114,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, 9CI,CHEMBL1183,Diaethylaminoaethanol(german),2-(diethylamino)-1-ethanol,MLS002174251,2-(N,N-diethylamino)-ethanol,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, 99%,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [HSDB],N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,NSC8759,HMS3039I08,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, >=99%,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MART.],WLN: Q2N2 & 2,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [WHO-DD],N-(hydroxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl amine,Tox21_201463,Tox21_300037,BBL012211,STL163552,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MI],DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, >=99.5%,AKOS000119883,UN 2686,NCGC00090925-01,NCGC00090925-02,NCGC00090925-03,NCGC00253920-01,NCGC00259014-01,A 22,BP-20552,SMR001261425,VS-03234,DB-012722,D0465,NS00006343,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [UN2686] [Corrosive],D88192,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, purum, >=99.0% (GC),Q209373,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile,J-520312,Diethyl ethanolamine Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine,InChI=1/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H


DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL appears as a colorless liquid.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL has Flash point 103-140 °F.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is Less dense than water.

Vapors of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is heavier than air.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is functionally related to an ethanolamine.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.


Diethylethanolamine (DEAE) is the organic compound with the molecular formula (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH.
A colorless liquid, is used as a precursor in the production of a variety of chemical commodities such as the local anesthetic procaine.


APPLICATIONS OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL (DEEA) can be used as a co-solvent with methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and sulfolane to investigate the CO2 absorption and desorption behavior in aqueous solutions.
Additionally, DEAE is used to prepare N-substituted glycine derivatives and these compounds are used in the synthesis of peptides and proteins.

DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL reacts with 4-aminobenzoic acid to make procaine.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is a precursor for DEAE-cellulose resin, which is commonly used in ion exchange chromatography.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL can decrease the surface tension of water when the temperature is increased.[3]
Solutions of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL absorb carbon dioxide (CO2).

DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is also used as a pH stabilizer.



USE AND EMISSION SOURCES 1 2 3 4:
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of emulsifying agents, specialty soaps and other chemicals for applications in:
Pharmaceutical industry
pesticides
the paper
leather products
plastics
anti-rust products
the paintings
the textile
cosmetics
surface coatings...


PREPARATION OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is prepared commercially by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene oxide.[4]
(C2H5)2NH + cyclo(CH2CH2)O → (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin.[5


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
vapor density
4.04 (vs air)
Quality Level
100
vapor pressure
1 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Assay
≥99.5%
expl. lim.
11.7 %
refractive index
n20/D 1.441 (lit.)
bp
161 °C (lit.)
density
0.884 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string
CCN(CC)CCO
InChI
1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI key
BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight:
117.19
Beilstein:
741863
Chemical formula C6H15NO
Molar mass 117.192 g•mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Ammoniacal
Density 884 mg mL−1
Melting point −70 °C; −94 °F; 203 K[1]
Boiling point 161.1 °C; 321.9 °F; 434.2 K
Solubility in water miscible[1]
log P 0.769
Vapor pressure 100 Pa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD) 1.441–1.442
CAS number 100-37-8
CE index number 603-048-00-6
CE number 202-845-2
Hill formula C₆H₁₅NO
Chemical formula (C₂H₅)₂NCH₂CH₂OH
Molar Mass 117.19 g/mol
Code SH 2922 19 52
Boiling point 163 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 0.88 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 0.7%(V)
Flash point 50 °C
Ignition temperature 270 °C
Fusion point -68 °C
pH value 11.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 1 hPa (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.883 - 0.885
Water (K. F.) ≤ 0.30 %
Identity (IR) passes test
Molecular Weight
117.19 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3-AA
0.3
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
4
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
117.115364102 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
117.115364102 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
23.5Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
8
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
43.8
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
vapor pressure
1.9 hPa ( 20 °C)
Quality Level
200
Assay
≥99.0% (GC)
form
liquid
autoignition temp.
270 °C
potency
1300 mg/kg LD50, oral (Rat)
1109 mg/kg LD50, skin (Rabbit)

expl. lim.
0.7 % (v/v)
pH
11.5 (20 °C, 100 g/L in H2O)
bp
163 °C/1013 hPa
mp
-68 °C
transition temp
flash point 51 °C
density
0.88 g/cm3 at 20 °C
storage temp.
2-30°C
InChI
1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI key
BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Storage Temperature
RT
European Com.#
202-845-2
Hazmat Ship
Check subsku for hazmat
Purity
>99%
Appearance color
Clear, colorless
Appearance form
Liquid
Molecular Formula
C6H15NO
Molecular Weight
117.19
Density
0.884 g/mL at 25°C
Melting point
-70°C
Boiling point
161°C
Solubility (@ RT)
Solubility in water: Soluble
Solubility in other solvents: Soluble in alcohol, ether and benzene
Melting Point -70°C
Density 0.883
pH 11.5
Boiling Point 161°C to 163°C
Flash Point 52°C (125°F)
Odor Amine-like
Linear Formula (CH3CH2)2NCH2CH2OH
Refractive Index 1.4415
Quantity 1000 mL
UN Number UN2686
Beilstein 741863
Sensitivity Air and light sensitive; Hygroscopic
Merck Index 14,3112
Solubility Information It is miscible in water.
Molecular Weight (g/mol) 117.192
Formula Weight 117.19
Percent Purity 99%
Chemical Name or Material DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.







DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
Diethylaminoethanol is a clear liquid.
Diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.


CAS Number: 100-37-8
EC Number: 202-845-2
MDL number: MFCD00002850
Molecular Formula: C6H15NO / (C2H5)2NC2H4OH


Diethylaminoethanol is water-soluble salts.
Diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
Diethylaminoethanol is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.


Diethylaminoethanol derives from an ethanolamine.
Diethylaminoethanol derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.
Diethylaminoethanol is a colorless liquid.


The flash point of Diethylaminoethanol is 103-140°F.
Diethylaminoethanol is less dense than water .
Diethylaminoethanol's vapors heavier than air.


Diethylaminoethanol is soluble in water.
Diethylaminoethanol is sensitive to moisture.
Diethylaminoethanol slowly hydrolyzes.


Diethylaminoethanol is a clear liquid.
Diethylaminoethanol appears as a colorless liquid.
Flash point of Diethylaminoethanol is 103-140 °F.


Diethylaminoethanol has less dense than water.
Diethylaminoethanol's vapors heavier than air.
The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of Diethylaminoethanol make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water.


Diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
Diethylaminoethanol is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
Diethylaminoethanol is functionally related to an ethanolamine.


Diethylaminoethanol is a colorless liquid with a nauseating, weak, ammonia odor; hygroscopic; very soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether acetone, benzene, and petroleum ether.
Diethylaminoethanol is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor.


Diethylaminoethanol derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.
Diethylaminoethanol is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H15NO.
Diethylaminoethanol is a colorless liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor.


Diethylaminoethanol, also known as diethylethanolamine or DEAE, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-aminoalcohols.
These are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C2 atom.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Diethylaminoethanol.


These are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C2 atom.
Diethylaminoethanol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Diethylaminoethanol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-aminoalcohols.
Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE or DEEA) is a clear, colorless liquid, free of suspended matter represented by the formula: (C6H15NO).
Diethylaminoethanol is a clear, colorless liquid, nauseating, unpleasant, weak, ammonia-like odor, hygroscopic.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
Diethylaminoethanol is used Pharmaceuticals, Agrochemicals, Corrosion Inhibitor, Detergents, Intermediate for Anti Malarials.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water.
Diethylaminoethanol is used in textile softeners; antirust formulations; fatty acid derivatives; pharmaceuticals; curing agent for resins; emulsifying agents in acid media; organic synthesis.


Diethylaminoethanol can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
Diethylaminoethanol is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.


Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a pH stabilizer.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a chemical intermediate for production of emulsifiers, detergents, and solubilizers.


Diethylaminoethanol is also an intermediate for manufacturing cosmetics; textile finishing agents, fabric softeners, and dyes; drugs and pharmaceuticals, and fatty acid.
Diethylaminoethanol is also used in antirust compositions, and acts as a curing agent for resins.


The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of Diethylaminoethanol make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines.
Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a textile softener, an emulsifier in acid media, and a curing agent for resins.


Diethylaminoethanol is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc.
Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants.


Diethylaminoethanol can be used as a precursor for DEAE-cellulose resin, which is commonly used in ion exchange chromatography.
Diethylaminoethanol can also be conveniently obtained from renewable sources.
Diethylaminoethanol is chemically stable and able to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from its surroundings.


In solution, Diethylaminoethanol can decrease the surface tension of water when the temperature is increased.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a precursor in the production of a variety of chemical commodities such as the local anesthetic procaine.


Diethylaminoethanol can be reacted with 4-aminobenzoic acid to make procaine.
Cosmetic Uses of Diethylaminoethanol: buffering agents
Diethylaminoethanol is used to produce dyes, resins, rubbers, flotation agents, insecticides, surfactants, etc.


Diethylaminoethanol is an excellent low-toxicity curing agent for epoxy resin at room temperature.
Diethylaminoethanol can also be used in resin synthesis, textile auxiliaries, imidazoline amphoteric surfactants and plastic curing agents.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as an isocyanate curing agent.


Diethylaminoethanol is used as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, flocculants, emulsifiers, surface coatings, and other organic chemicals (in the chemical, agricultural, plastics, paper, and leather industries).
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a curing agent for resins, as an emulsifying agent (soaps, cosmetics, cutting oils) and as a fabric softener.


Diethylaminoethanol is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Release to the environment of Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.


Other release to the environment of Diethylaminoethanol is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Diethylaminoethanol can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), paper used for packaging (excluding food packaging) and plastic used for packaging (excluding food packaging).


Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, coating products, hydraulic fluids and laboratory chemicals.
Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following areas: building & construction work.


Other release to the environment of Diethylaminoethanol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


Diethylaminoethanol is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products.
Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following products: coating products, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.
Release to the environment of Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.


Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following products: coating products, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, lubricants and greases, metal working fluids and adhesives and sealants.
Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following areas: mining.


Diethylaminoethanol is used for the manufacture of: , chemicals and wood and wood products.
Release to the environment of Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, in the production of articles and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).


Release to the environment of Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Diethylaminoethanol is an inactive metabolite of 2-Chloroprocaine (HCl: C380265), a compound commonly used for epidural analgesia in obstetrics.
Diethylaminoethanol is also hypothesized to cause onset-asthma to humans following brief exposure.


Diethylaminoethanol also has the ability to inhibit growth of tomato roots.
Diethylaminoethanol is used as a neutralizing agent in boiler treatment and as a chemical intermediate in the production of floor polishes, pesticides, coatings and pharmaceuticals.


Diethylaminoethanol is used Manufacture of emulsifying agents and special soaps.
Applications Diethylaminoethanol is an inactive metabolite of 2-Chloroprocaine (HCl: C380265), a compound commonly used for epidural analgesia in obstetrics.


Diethylaminoethanol is also hypothesized to cause onset-asthma to humans following brief exposure.
Diethylaminoethanol also has the ability to inhibit growth of tomato roots.
Diethylaminoethanol is used Pharmaceutical, Emulsifier, Lubricant additives, Antioxidants, Pesticides, and Textile auxiliaries.


-Industrial uses of Diethylaminoethanol:
Diethylaminoethanol is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of the local anesthetics procaine and chloroquine; and in the chemical industry for the manufacture of water-soluble salts, fatty-acid derivatives, derivatives containing tertiary amine groups, emulsifiers, special soaps, cosmetics and textiles and fibers.

Diethylaminoethanol also is used in chromatography in chemistry and biochemistry laboratories (DEAE is useful as an ion-exchange matrix; DEAE-cellulose columns are used for purification of proteins and DNA, and DEAE-silica for phospholipid separations).
In other industries, Diethylaminoethanol is used in some antirust compositions and in textile softeners.
Diethylaminoethanol is also used widely as a steam additive in large buildings requiring humidifiers.



DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL FOR SYNTHESIS:
Diethylaminoethanol, also known as diethylethanolamine or DEAE, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-aminoalcohols.
These are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C2 atom.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Diethylaminoethanol.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
*Trialkylamines
*Primary alcohols
*Organopnictogen compounds
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
*Tertiary aliphatic amine
*Tertiary amine
*1,2-aminoalcohol
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organopnictogen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Primary alcohol
*Organooxygen compound
*Alcohol
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



PREPARATION OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
Diethylaminoethanol is prepared commercially by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene oxide.
(C2H5)2NH + cyclo(CH2CH2)O → (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH
Diethylaminoethanol is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin.



PRODUCTION METHODS OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
Diethylaminoethanol is a tertiary amine produced by reaction of ethylene oxide or ethylene chlorhydrin and diethylamine.
Itokazu (1987) has modified this process for manufacture of Diethylaminoethanol without eventual discoloration.
Production in this country exceeds 2866 pounds per year.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
Diethylaminoethanol is an aminoalcohol.
Amines are chemical bases.
They neutralize acids to form salts plus water.

These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Diethylaminoethanol can react with strong oxidizers and acids.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
Molecular Formula: C6H15NO
Molecular Weight: 117.2 g/mol
Autoignition Temperature: 320 °C
Boiling Point: 162.36 °C
Coefficient of cubical expansion: 0.00109/ °C
Density: @ 20°C 0.88 g/cm3
Dissociation constant, pKa: @ 25°C 10.1
Flash Point: 51.7 °C
Freezing Point: -68 °C
Octanol-water partition coefficient, log Pow: @ 23°C 0.21
pH: 100 g/l @ 20°C 11.5
Vapor Density: (air = 1) 4
Vapor Pressure: @ 22.4°C 2 hPa
Viscosity: @ 25°C 4.002 mPa·s
Water solubility: Soluble
Molecular Weight: 117.19 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 117.115364102 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 117.115364102 g/mol

Topological Polar Surface Area: 23.5Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 43.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: ammoniacal
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -68 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range 161 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 11,7 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1,4 %(V)

Flash point: 50 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 320 °C at 1.013 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 4,022 mPa.s at 25 °C
Water solubility: completely miscible
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
Pow: 0,21 at 23 °C
Vapor pressure: 1 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 0,884 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 4,05 - (Air = 1.0)

Chemical formula: C6H15NO
Molar mass: 117.192 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colourless liquid
Odor: Ammoniacal
Density: 884 mg mL−1
Melting point: −70 °C; −94 °F; 203 K
Boiling point: 161.1 °C; 321.9 °F; 434.2 K
Solubility in water: miscible
log P: 0.769
Vapor pressure: 100 Pa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD): 1.441–1.442
Chemical Formula: C6H15NO
Average Molecular Weight: 117.1894
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 117.115364107
IUPAC Name: 2-(diethylamino)ethan-1-ol
Traditional Name: DEAE
CAS Registry Number: 100-37-8
SMILES: CCN(CC)CCO
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI Key: BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Physical description: Colorless liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor.
Boiling point: 325°F
Molecular weight: 117.2
Freezing point/melting point: -94°F
Vapor pressure: 1 mmHg
Flash point: 140°F
Vapor density: 4.03
Specific gravity: 0.89
Ionization potential:
Lower explosive limit (LEL): 6.7%
Upper explosive limit (UEL): 11.7%
NFPA health rating: 3
NFPA fire rating: 2
NFPA reactivity rating: 0
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.88400 @ 25.00 °C.
Refractive Index: 1.44100 @ 20.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 163.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Vapor Pressure: 1.400000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Flash Point: 120.00 °F. TCC ( 48.89 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.050 (est)
Soluble in: water, 1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Melting point: -70 °C
Boiling point: 161 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.884 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 4.04 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.441(lit.)
Flash point: 120 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: soluble
form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 14.74±0.10(Predicted)
color: White to pale yellow
PH Range: 10
Odor: Characteristic ammoniacal odor

PH: 11.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 0.7%(V)
Water Solubility: soluble
FreezingPoint: -70℃
Merck: 14,3112
BRN: 741863
Stability: Stable.
CAS number: 100-37-8
EC index number: 603-048-00-6
EC number: 202-845-2
Hill Formula: C₆H₁₅NO
Chemical formula: (C₂H₅)₂NCH₂CH₂OH
Molar Mass: 117.19 g/mol
HS Code: 2922 19 00
Boiling point: 163 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.88 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 0.7 %(V)
Flash point: 50 °C
Ignition temperature: 270 °C
Melting Point: -68 °C

pH value: 11.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 1 hPa (20 °C)
Formula: C6H15NO
Formula mass: 117.19
Melting point, °C: -70
Boiling point, °C: 162
Vapor pressure, mmHg: 21 (25 C)
Vapor density (air=1): 4.03
Saturation Concentration: About 0.18% (1800 ppm) at 25 C (calculated)
Evaporization number: 0.17 (butyl acetate = 1)
Critical temperature: 343
Critical pressure: 26.15
Density: 0.8921 g/cm3 (20 C)
Solubility in water: Miscible
Viscosity: 4.022 cp (25 C)
Surface tension: 29.2 g/s2 at 20 C
Refractive index: 1.4389 (20 C)
Dielectric constant: 9.1 (20 C)
pKa/pKb: 4.13 (pKb)
Heat of vaporization: 45.0 kJ/mol

Water Solubility: 665 g/L
logP: 0.56
logP: 0.21
logS: 0.75
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 15.59
pKa (Strongest Basic): 9.55
Physiological Charge: 1
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 2
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 23.47 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Refractivity: 35.78 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 14.46 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: Yes
MDDR-like Rule: No

Formula: C6H15ON
CAS no.: 100-37-8
Gas Response Factor,: 11.7 eV NA
Gas Response Factor,: 10.6 eV 2.70
Gas Response Factor,: 10.0 eV NA
ppm per mg/m⁻³, (20 °C, 1 bar): 0.205
Molecular Weight, g/mole: 117.2
Melting point, °C: -68
Boiling point, °C: 161
Flash point, °C: 52.2
Upper Explosive Limit, %: 11.7
Lower Explosive Limit, %: 1.4
Density, g.cm⁻³: 0.88
Ionisation Energy, eV: 8.58
NIOSH TWA REL, ppm: 10
NIOSH TWA REL, mg.m⁻³: 50
NIOSH IDLH, ppm: 100
OSHA TWA PEL, ppm: 10
OSHA TWA PEL, mg.m⁻³: 50



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection
Recommended Filter type: Filter A.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
2-Diethylaminoethanol
N,N-diethylethanolamine
2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol
Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-
DEAE
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol
2-Diethylaminoethanol
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
100-37-8
N,N-Diethylethanolamine
Diethylethanolamine
DEAE
(Diethylamino)ethanol
Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-
N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
2-(Diethylamino)Ethan-1-Ol
Diethylmonoethanolamine
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
Pennad 150
Diaethylaminoaethanol
2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol
N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine
N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
beta-Diethylaminoethanol
beta-Hydroxytriethylamine
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
Diethylamino ethanol
N-Diethylaminoethanol
2-diethylamino-ethanol
2-N-Diethylaminoethanol
diethyl ethanolamine
DEEA
beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol
N-(Diethylamino)ethanol
N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine
NSC 8759
N,N-Diethylaminoethanol
2-(diethylamino)-ethanol
2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol
.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethanol
ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO
S6DL4M053U
beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
DTXSID5021837
CHEBI:52153
.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
NSC-8759
N,N-Diethyl-N-(.beta.-hydroxyethyl)amine
DTXCID401837
CAS-100-37-8
CCRIS 4793
HSDB 329
EINECS 202-845-2
UN2686
UNII-S6DL4M053U
-diethylamino
AI3-16309
2-Diethylamino
Diathylaminoathanol
Diethylamlnoethanol
MFCD00002850
N, N-Diethylethanolamine
beta-(Diethylamino)ethanol
N,N-diethyl ethanol amine
2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686]
.beta.-Hydroxytriethylamine
EC 202-845-2
SCHEMBL3114
2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI
CHEMBL1183
2-(diethylamino)-1-ethanol
MLS002174251
2-(N,N-diethylamino)-ethanol
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 99%
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [HSDB]
N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
NSC8759
HMS3039I08
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99%
DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE [INCI]
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MART.]
WLN: Q2N2 & 2
ADAL1185323
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [WHO-DD]
N-(hydroxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl amine
Tox21_201463
Tox21_300037
BBL012211
STL163552
2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL [MI]
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99.5%
AKOS000119883
UN 2686
NCGC00090925-01
NCGC00090925-02
NCGC00090925-03
NCGC00253920-01
NCGC00259014-01
A 22
BP-20552
SMR001261425
VS-03234
D0465
2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686]
D88192
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
Q209373
2-Diethylaminoethanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
J-520312
Diethyl ethanolamine
Diethylaminoethanol
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
InChI=1/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H
N,N-Diethylethanolamine
DEAE
DEEA
2-(Diethylamino)ethan-1-ol
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol
Diethylaminoethanol
2-Diethylaminoethanol
N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol
N,N-Diethylethanolamine
Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
(Diethylamino)ethanol
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl Alcohol
2-(N,N-Diethyl)ethanolamine
2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
A 22
A 22 (Amine)
Amino Alcohol 2A
DEAE
DEEA
Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
Diethyl(β-hydroxyethyl)amine
Diethylethanolamine
Diethylmonoethanolamine
MKS
N,N-Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol
N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
NSC 8759
Pennad 150
β-(Diethylamino)ethanol
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
2-N-Diethylaminoethanol
DEAE
Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
Diethylethanolamine
Diethylmonoethanolamine
Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-
N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol
N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-Diethylethanolamine
N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine
N-Diethylaminoethanol
Pennad 150
beta-Diethylaminoethanol
beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol
beta-Hydroxytriethylamine
UN2686
Diethylaminoethanol
DEAE
2-diethylaminoethyl
alcohol, N,N-diethylethanolamine, 2-
hydroxytriethylamine
beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
beta-Hydroxytriethylamine
DEAE
Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
Diethylaminoethanol
Diethylethanolamine
Diethylmonoethanolamine
N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol
N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-Diethylethanolamine
b-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
Β-(diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
b-Hydroxytriethylamine
Β-hydroxytriethylamine
N,N-Diethyl-N-(b-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amine
2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride
2-(Dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride
2-Diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride
2-Diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride, 14C-labeled
2-Diethylaminoethanol sulfate (2:1)
2-Diethylaminoethanol tartrate
2-Diethylaminoethanol, sodium salt
Deanol hydrochloride
Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-, hydrochloride (1:1)
Ethanol, 2-dimethylamino-, hydrochloride
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
(diethylamino)Ethanol
-Diethylamino
2-(diethylamino)-Ethanol
2-(diethylamino)Ethanol
2-(diethylamino)Ethyl alcohol
2-(N,N-diethylamino)Ethanol
2-Diethylamino
2-diethylamino-Ethanol
2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9ci
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
2-N-(diethylamino)Ethanol
2-N-Diethylaminoethanol
beta-(diethylamino)Ethanol
beta-Diethylaminoethanol
beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol
Dehydasal
Diaethylaminoaethanol
diethylamino Ethanol
ETHANOL,2-diethylamino
N, N-Diethylethanolamine
N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
N,N-Diethylaminoethanol
N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine
N-(diethylamino)Ethanol
N-Diethylaminoethanol
Pennad 150
Perdilaton
(Diethylamino)ethanol
DEAE
Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-
β-(Diethylamino)ethanol
Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-Hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
N,N-Diethylethanolamine
N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine
Pennad 150
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol
2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol
2-Hydroxytriethylamine
β-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
Diaethylaminoaethanol
Diethylethanolamine
N-(Diethylamino)ethanol
UN 2686
β-Hydroxytriethylamine
N,N-Diethylaminoethanol
Diethylmonoethanolamine
NSC 8759
A 22
diethylaminoethanol
2-diethylaminoethyl alcohol
N,N-diethylethanolamine
diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
2-hydroxytriethylamine
2-diethylaminoethanol
DEAE
DEEA
DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE
N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol
Dehydasal
Rotec A.O.
Pennad 150
Perdilaton
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
(diethylamino)Ethanol
(diethylamino)ethanol
-Diethylamino
-diethylamino
2-(diethylamino)-Ethanol
2-(Diethylamino)-ethanol
2-(diethylamino)Ethanol
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol
2-(diethylamino)Ethyl alcohol
2-(diethylamino)ethan-1-ol
diethylaminoethanol
2-diethylaminoethyl alcohol
(diethylamino)ethanol
DEAE, ethanol
2-(diethylamino)-
ß-(diethylamino)ethanol
diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-diethyl-N-(ß-hydroxyethyl)amine
N,N-diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
N,N-diethylethanolamine
N,N-diethylmonoethanolamine
Pennad 150, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol
2-(diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethanol
2-hydroxytriethylamine
ß-(diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
(2-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine
N-(diethylamino)ethanol
ß-hydroxytriethylamine
N,N-diethylaminoethanol
diethylmonoethanolamine



DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL Diethylaminoethanol Chemical synonyms: 2-Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol; Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-; DEAE Product description Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a clear liquid. It is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water. The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of DEAE make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water. Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, DEAE is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical synonyms: 2-Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol; Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-; DEAE Product description Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a clear liquid. It is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water. The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of DEAE make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water. Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, DEAE is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical synonyms: 2-Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol; Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-; DEAE Product description Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a clear liquid. It is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water. The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of DEAE make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water. Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, DEAE is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Chemical Properties colourless liquid Physical properties Colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 50 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 190 μg/m3 (40 ppbv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974). Uses Water-soluble salts; textile softeners; antirust formulations; fatty acid derivatives; pharmaceuticals; curing agent for resins; emulsifying agents in acid media; organic synthesis. Uses Anticorrosive agent; chemical intermediate for the production of emulsifiers, detergents, solubilizers, cosmetics, drugs, and textile finishing agents Definition ChEBI: A member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups. Production Methods 2-Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a tertiary amine produced by reaction of ethylene oxide or ethylene chlorhydrin and diethylamine (RTECS 1988). Itokazu (1987) has modified this process for manufacture of DEAE without eventual discoloration. Production in this country exceeds 2866 pounds per year (HSDB 1988). General Description A colorless liquid. Flash point 103-140°F. Less dense than water . Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Air & Water Reactions Flammable. Soluble in water. Diethylaminoethanol is sensitive to moisture. Slowly hydrolyzes. Reactivity Profile Diethylaminoethanol is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. Diethylaminoethanol can react with strong oxidizers and acids. Carcinogenicity DEAE was not mutagenic or clastogenic in a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays. The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit valuetime- weighted average (TLV-TWA) for 2- diethylaminoethanol is 2 ppm (9.6mg/m3) with a notation for skin absorption. Environmental Fate DEAE, when compared with other amino alcohols, was observed to be biologically undecomposable in an experiment using activated sludge (HSDB 1988). Metabolism The absorption of DEAE (administered orally as DEAE acid malate or 'Cerebrol') in healthy adult rats is very rapid, reaching a peak plasma level in 30 min (Bismut et al 1986). The biological half-life is 3.5 h with 39% of the excreted product appearing in the urine after 48 h (Bismut et al 1986). In an earlier study, Schulte et al (1972) demonstrated that in rats, following a single oral dose, excretion occurs mainly through the kidneys with 37-59% being eliminated in the first 24 h. After 48 h, elimination was independent of dose. The brain and spinal cord showed the highest concentration after 7 d. Metabolites produced were observed to be diethylaminoethanol N-oxide, diethylaminoacetic acid, and ethylaminoethanol. Diethylaminoethanol Preparation Products And Raw materials ChEBI Ontology Outgoing 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) has functional parent ethanolamine (CHEBI:16000) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) has parent hydride triethylamine (CHEBI:35026) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) is a ethanolamines (CHEBI:23981) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) is a primary alcohol (CHEBI:15734) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) is a tertiary amino compound (CHEBI:50996) Incoming chloroprocaine (CHEBI:3636) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) dicyclomine (CHEBI:4514) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) oxybuprocaine (CHEBI:309594) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) procaine (CHEBI:8430) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) Human Health 2-Diethylaminoethanol was rapidly absorbed via the oral route. It is presumably absorbed by dermal and inhalation routes of administration. In the rat it was widely distributed to many tissues. It was primarily excreted unchanged via the urine in rats. Excretion via the feces was also observed in rats, but to a lesser extent. Urinary excretion was also reported in humans. The major metabolites in rats were reported to be diethylaminoacetic acid and diethyl-(2- hydroxyethyl)-amino-oxide. The LD50 for the rat after oral administration was 1320 mg/kg bw. The main clinical signs described were apathy and dyspnea. After inhalation of vapors of 2-diethylaminoethanol an LC50 of ca. 4600 mg/m3/4 hour was estimated in rats using Haber’s rule. Severe signs of irritation were observed, e.g. mucous membrane irritation and dyspnea. A dermal LD50 in guinea pigs was reported to be ca. 885 mg/kg bw. 2-Diethylaminoethanol was corrosive to the skin of rabbits; since the pH was measured to be 11.5 (100 g/l) at 20°C, the corrosive effects are not surprising. The potential for severe damage to the eyes can be expected based on the animal studies available and on the pH. 2-Diethylaminoethanol was not sensitizing to the skin in studies with guinea pigs. Repeated exposure of rats to 2-diethylaminoethanol vapors (up to 365 mg/m3) for 14 weeks caused local toxicity (irritation) at the site of contact, namely, the upper respiratory tract and the eyes; however, systemic toxicity was not observed (NOAEC, systemic toxicity, 365 mg/m3 or 76 ppm). After inhalation exposure, the main symptom described was respiratory irritation which led to noises called rales and irritation of the eyes. The LOAEC for local toxicity (irritation) to the respiratory tract was 120 mg/m3 (25 ppm) and the NOAEC for local toxicity was 53 mg/m3 (10 ppm) based on histopathological effects in the nasal cavity. However, since an effect (rales) was seen at the lowest concentration a NOEC was not reached. 2-Diethylaminoethanol gave no evidence of in vitro mutagenic activity nor in vivo clastogenic potential. Repeated exposure of rats to 2-diethylaminoethanol vapors (365 mg/m3) for 14 weeks did not cause any adverse effects on the reproductive organs when administered by inhalation. In pregnant rats even the highest concentration tested of 486 mg/m3, which already produced maternally toxic effects, did not lead to adverse developmental effects. In a limited study, 2-diethylaminoethanol was not carcinogenic to rats when given by feed (tested up to ca. 50-400 mg/kg/d). An odor threshold of 0.011 ppm (approx. 0.053 mg/mg3) has been reported. In a laboratory worker short-time exposure to approx. 100 ppm (480 mg/m3) 2-diethylaminoethanol caused nausea and vomiting. Subjects exposed to 2-diethylaminoethanol vapor by humidified air in office buildings complained about eye, nose and throat irritation, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Also several cases of asthma were observed. However, these symptoms were more consistent with reactive airway dysfunction syndrome than with an allergic respiratory reaction. In one case detectable amounts of 2-diethylaminoethanol were 0.05 and 0.04 mg/m3. Environment 2-diethylaminoethanol is a colourless – light yellowish organic liquid. The hygroscopic substance is miscible with water in all proportions, has a vapor pressure of about 1.8 hPa at 20 °C. The density is 0.885 g/cm³. Melting point and boiling point are – 68 °C and 162-163 °C (at 1013 hPa) respectively. The distribution of the substance between the compartments of air, biota, sediment, soil and water was calculated according to Mackay Level I. The non-charged molecule distributes mainly to the water (99.1 %). A soil adsorption coefficient (KOC) of 5.98 was estimated for 2-diethylaminoethanol (DEAE). This Koc value suggests that this compound would be mobile in soil and adsorption to suspended solids would not be important. From the pKa-value of 9.87 it can be assumed that under environmental conditions the substance is available as a cation. Therefore, binding of the substance to the matrix of soils with high capacities for cation exchange (e.g. clay) cannot be excluded. However, no data was available for ionic-ionic interactions in soil. The calculated Henry’s law constant (3.16*10-4 Pa m³ mol-1 at 25 °C) and complete water solubility of 2-diethylaminoethanol suggest that volatilization from water would not be an important fate process. The substance has no considerable potential for bioaccumulation (logKow = 0.21, measured). The compound is readily biodegradable (OECD 301 A, 95% after 22 days 10d-window fulfilled). The EC20 (30 min) for activated sludge was determined to be >1000 mg/l. The photodegradation rate in the atmosphere is fast under environmental conditions (50% after 3.9 hours). The following aquatic effect concentrations are available: Leuciscus idus LC50 (96 h) = 147 mg/l (nominal concentration). The toxic effect may be (partly) due to the high pH of the non-neutralized test solutions, since the pH adjusted 1000 mg/l dose group tolerated the substance for 96 h without mortality. Pimephales promelas LC50(96 h) = 1780 mg/l (measured concentration, adjustment of pH) Daphnia magna: EC50 (48 h) = 83.6 mg/l (nominal concentration) (toxicity due to pH effects cannot be excluded) Daphnia magna EC50 (48 h) = 165 mg/l (nominal concentration, adjustment of pH) Scenedesmus subspicatus: ErC50 = 44 mg/l, with a NOEC of 5 mg/l (corresponding values for biomass are 30 and 5 mg/l respectively; nominal concentration). Using the aquatic toxic effect on the most sensitive species, Scenedesmus subspicatus, of 44 mg/l for the endpoint growth rate (30 mg/l endpoint biomass) a PNECaqua of 44 µg/l is derived by applying an assessment factor of 1000. This factor is justified, because only short-term toxicity values were available. The following terrestrial effect concentration was reported: Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivar "Indianapolis white" EC50 (22 d) = 0.12 mg/l (in the nutrient solution; endpoint: chlorosis; nominal concentration). However, no PNECsoil can be derived from this result as no soil concentration is given. Exposure The production volume of this chemical at BASF, Germany, was more than 1000 tons in 2000. No information about the worldwide production volume is available. The organic compound is used for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and as a catalyst in the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry. It is also used as a pH stabilizer. According to Swiss, Danish and Swedish Products Registers and the Hazardous Substances Data Bank, 2-diethylaminoethanol is contained in a large number of products. Some of them may be available to consumers. Releases into the environment are likely to occur during the production and processing of 2-diethylaminoethanol as an intermediate, as well as from the use of the substance itself and use of products containing the substance. Assuming worst case conditions, less than 9.5 kg of 2-diethylaminoethanol per day were released into the Rhine from an industrial site. During production and internal processing, less than 25 kg/a were emitted into the air from the same production site. From the reported use in consumer products, it can be concluded that most of the 2- diethylaminoethanol is released into wastewater, but part of it may also be released into the atmosphere. 2-Diethylaminoethanol has been reported to be readily absorbed via the gastrointestinal tract in humans and rats (Rosenberg et al, 1949; Schulte et al., 1972). On the basis of the physico-chemical properties of a saturated aqueous 2-diethylaminoethanol solution, a skin penetration rate of 3.44 mg/cm2 per hour was estimated for human skin, and therefore, the resulting body burden from exposure to 5 ml/m3 (the current MAK value) of 2-diethylaminoethalol by inhalation for 8 hours could potentially be increased by an additional three-fold factor via dermal absorption (FiserovaBergerova et al., 1990). However, this model was suspected to be too conservative and likely to overestimate percutaneous penetration (Guy and Russell, 1993). Absorption via inhalation has been mentioned (Toren, 1994), but the primary literature was not available for an assessment. In a limited study with humans (Rosenberg et al, 1949), the plasma concentration peaked 3 hours after an oral administration of 5.6 g of 2-diethylaminoethanol-HCl, but was almost undetectable after 8 hours. About 25 % of the 2-diethylaminoethanol was excreted unchanged in the urine within 48 hours. Similar excretion results were observed after intravenous administration. In the same publication it was reported that 2-diethylaminoethanol-HCl given to dogs by intravenous infusion (71 mg/kg bw) , distributed rapidly. Three hours after infusion the level of 2-diethylaminoethanol was higher in the tissues examined (muscle, heart, brain, lung, liver and spleen) than in the plasma. In a gavage study with rats (Schulte et al., 1972), 14C-labeled-2-diethylaminoethanol-HCl was reported to be rapidly absorbed into the blood stream (with a dose of 68 mg/kg the maximum concentration in the blood was reached in 30 minutes and with 679 mg/kg it was reached within 1 hour). Elimination occurred primarily via the kidney. Elimination via exhalation and the feces played only minor role. The kinetics of urinary elimination was affected by the dose. In this regard, by 6 hours after the application of a 679 mg/kg bw dose 40 % was eliminated in the urine, and by 24 hours after application 58.5% was eliminated. When a 68 mg/kg dose was given, then after 6 and 24 hours 17.5 % and 37.4% were excreted via the urine, respectively. In the experiment with 679mg/kg 2-diethylaminoethanol, 90 % of the test substance had been eliminated via the urine 10 days after treatment. Some radioactivity was still detectable in the urine 40 days after treatment. 2- Diethylaminoethanol was predominantly (> 60 %) excreted unchanged over the first 96 hours. In the same period, the following metabolites were seen based on the recovery of radioactive compounds: 2-ethylaminoethanol (ca. 1 %), phosphoric acid-mono-(2-diethylaminoethylester) (2- 8 %), diethylaminoacetic acid (ca. 10 %) and the N-oxide of 2-diethylaminoethanol (ca. 15 - 19 %). Incorporation into phospholipids was observed. In this study, autoradiography indicated that 2- diethylaminoethanol was widely distributed throughout the body after gavaging. 2- Diethylaminoethanol was concentrated in the liver, reaching a maximum at 7 hours, but thereafter, it decreased. Initially, the central nervous system showed very low levels of activity, but by day 7 it had increased. For the oral dose of 679 mg/kg the biological half-life was 19 hours and for the 67.9mg/kg dose it was 36 hours. In a separate study 14C-labeled-2-diethylaminoethanol-HCl was given to rats by intravenous injection at doses of 2.9 µmol/rat (ca. 1.94 mg/kg bw) (Michelot et al., 1981). Cumulative excretion of 19.9 and 42.2% of the radioactivity in the urine was observed after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Additionally, 8.5 and 29.5% of the radioactivity was excreted via the feces during the same time interval. Excretion via the bile was only measured over the first 6 hours, and was reported to be 5 %. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical synonyms: 2-Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol; Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-; DEAE Product description Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a clear liquid. It is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water. The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of DEAE make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water. Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, DEAE is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical synonyms: 2-Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol; Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-; DEAE Product description Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a clear liquid. It is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water. The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of DEAE make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water. Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, DEAE is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical synonyms: 2-Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-diethylethanolamine; 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol; Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-; DEAE Product description Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a clear liquid. It is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is used as neutralizing agent and CO2 scavenger in boiler water. The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of DEAE make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water. Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, DEAE is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants. Diethylaminoethanol Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Chemical Properties colourless liquid Physical properties Colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 50 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 190 μg/m3 (40 ppbv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974). Uses Water-soluble salts; textile softeners; antirust formulations; fatty acid derivatives; pharmaceuticals; curing agent for resins; emulsifying agents in acid media; organic synthesis. Uses Anticorrosive agent; chemical intermediate for the production of emulsifiers, detergents, solubilizers, cosmetics, drugs, and textile finishing agents Definition ChEBI: A member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups. Production Methods 2-Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) is a tertiary amine produced by reaction of ethylene oxide or ethylene chlorhydrin and diethylamine (RTECS 1988). Itokazu (1987) has modified this process for manufacture of DEAE without eventual discoloration. Production in this country exceeds 2866 pounds per year (HSDB 1988). General Description A colorless liquid. Flash point 103-140°F. Less dense than water . Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Air & Water Reactions Flammable. Soluble in water. Diethylaminoethanol is sensitive to moisture. Slowly hydrolyzes. Reactivity Profile Diethylaminoethanol is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. Diethylaminoethanol can react with strong oxidizers and acids. Carcinogenicity DEAE was not mutagenic or clastogenic in a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays. The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit valuetime- weighted average (TLV-TWA) for 2- diethylaminoethanol is 2 ppm (9.6mg/m3) with a notation for skin absorption. Environmental Fate DEAE, when compared with other amino alcohols, was observed to be biologically undecomposable in an experiment using activated sludge (HSDB 1988). Metabolism The absorption of DEAE (administered orally as DEAE acid malate or 'Cerebrol') in healthy adult rats is very rapid, reaching a peak plasma level in 30 min (Bismut et al 1986). The biological half-life is 3.5 h with 39% of the excreted product appearing in the urine after 48 h (Bismut et al 1986). In an earlier study, Schulte et al (1972) demonstrated that in rats, following a single oral dose, excretion occurs mainly through the kidneys with 37-59% being eliminated in the first 24 h. After 48 h, elimination was independent of dose. The brain and spinal cord showed the highest concentration after 7 d. Metabolites produced were observed to be diethylaminoethanol N-oxide, diethylaminoacetic acid, and ethylaminoethanol. Diethylaminoethanol Preparation Products And Raw materials ChEBI Ontology Outgoing 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) has functional parent ethanolamine (CHEBI:16000) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) has parent hydride triethylamine (CHEBI:35026) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) is a ethanolamines (CHEBI:23981) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) is a primary alcohol (CHEBI:15734) 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) is a tertiary amino compound (CHEBI:50996) Incoming chloroprocaine (CHEBI:3636) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) dicyclomine (CHEBI:4514) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) oxybuprocaine (CHEBI:309594) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) procaine (CHEBI:8430) has functional parent 2-diethylaminoethanol (CHEBI:52153) Human Health 2-Diethylaminoethanol was rapidly absorbed via the oral route. It is presumably absorbed by dermal and inhalation routes of administration. In the rat it was widely distributed to many tissues. It was primarily excreted unchanged via the urine in rats. Excretion via the feces was also observed in rats, but to a lesser extent. Urinary excretion was also reported in humans. The major metabolites in rats were reported to be diethylaminoacetic acid and diethyl-(2- hydroxyethyl)-amino-oxide. The LD50 for the rat after oral administration was 1320 mg/kg bw. The main clinical signs described were apathy and dyspnea. After inhalation of vapors of 2-diethylaminoethanol an LC50 of ca. 4600 mg/m3/4 hour was estimated in rats using Haber’s rule. Severe signs of irritation were observed, e.g. mucous membrane irritation and dyspnea. A dermal LD50 in guinea pigs was reported to be ca. 885 mg/kg bw. 2-Diethylaminoethanol was corrosive to the skin of rabbits; since the pH was measured to be 11.5 (100 g/l) at 20°C, the corrosive effects are not surprising. The potential for severe damage to the eyes can be expected based on the animal studies available and on the pH. 2-Diethylaminoethanol was not sensitizing to the skin in studies with guinea pigs. Repeated exposure of rats to 2-diethylaminoethanol vapors (up to 365 mg/m3) for 14 weeks caused local toxicity (irritation) at the site of contact, namely, the upper respiratory tract and the eyes; however, systemic toxicity was not observed (NOAEC, systemic toxicity, 365 mg/m3 or 76 ppm). After inhalation exposure, the main symptom described was respiratory irritation which led to noises called rales and irritation of the eyes. The LOAEC for local toxicity (irritation) to the respiratory tract was 120 mg/m3 (25 ppm) and the NOAEC for local toxicity was 53 mg/m3 (10 ppm) based on histopathological effects in the nasal cavity. However, since an effect (rales) was seen at the lowest concentration a NOEC was not reached. 2-Diethylaminoethanol gave no evidence of in vitro mutagenic activity nor in vivo clastogenic potential. Repeated exposure of rats to 2-diethylaminoethanol vapors (365 mg/m3) for 14 weeks did not cause any adverse effects on the reproductive organs when administered by inhalation. In pregnant rats even the highest concentration tested of 486 mg/m3, which already produced maternally toxic effects, did not lead to adverse developmental effects. In a limited study, 2-diethylaminoethanol was not carcinogenic to rats when given by feed (tested up to ca. 50-400 mg/kg/d). An odor threshold of 0.011 ppm (approx. 0.053 mg/mg3) has been reported. In a laboratory worker short-time exposure to approx. 100 ppm (480 mg/m3) 2-diethylaminoethanol caused nausea and vomiting. Subjects exposed to 2-diethylaminoethanol vapor by humidified air in office buildings complained about eye, nose and throat irritation, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Also several cases of asthma were observed. However, these symptoms were more consistent with reactive airway dysfunction syndrome than with an allergic respiratory reaction. In one case detectable amounts of 2-diethylaminoethanol were 0.05 and 0.04 mg/m3. Environment 2-diethylaminoethanol is a colourless – light yellowish organic liquid. The hygroscopic substance is miscible with water in all proportions, has a vapor pressure of about 1.8 hPa at 20 °C. The density is 0.885 g/cm³. Melting point and boiling point are – 68 °C and 162-163 °C (at 1013 hPa) respectively. The distribution of the substance between the compartments of air, biota, sediment, soil and water was calculated according to Mackay Level I. The non-charged molecule distributes mainly to the water (99.1 %). A soil adsorption coefficient (KOC) of 5.98 was estimated for 2-diethylaminoethanol (DEAE). This Koc value suggests that this compound would be mobile in soil and adsorption to suspended solids would not be important. From the pKa-value of 9.87 it can be assumed that under environmental conditions the substance is available as a cation. Therefore, binding of the substance to the matrix of soils with high capacities for cation exchange (e.g. clay) cannot be excluded. However, no data was available for ionic-ionic interactions in soil. The calculated Henry’s law constant (3.16*10-4 Pa m³ mol-1 at 25 °C) and complete water solubility of 2-diethylaminoethanol suggest that volatilization from water would not be an important fate process. The substance has no considerable potential for bioaccumulation (logKow = 0.21, measured). The compound is readily biodegradable (OECD 301 A, 95% after 22 days 10d-window fulfilled). The EC20 (30 min) for activated sludge was determined to be >1000 mg/l. The photodegradation rate in the atmosphere is fast under environmental conditions (50% after 3.9 hours). The following aquatic effect concentrations are available: Leuciscus idus LC50 (96 h) = 147 mg/l (nominal concentration). The toxic effect may be (partly) due to the high pH of the non-neutralized test solutions, since the pH adjusted 1000 mg/l dose group tolerated the substance for 96 h without mortality. Pimephales promelas LC50(96 h) = 1780 mg/l (measured concentration, adjustment of pH) Daphnia magna: EC50 (48 h) = 83.6 mg/l (nominal concentration) (toxicity due to pH effects cannot be excluded) Daphnia magna EC50 (48 h) = 165 mg/l (nominal concentration, adjustment of pH) Scenedesmus subspicatus: ErC50 = 44 mg/l, with a NOEC of 5 mg/l (corresponding values for biomass are 30 and 5 mg/l respectively; nominal concentration). Using the aquatic toxic effect on the most sensitive species, Scenedesmus subspicatus, of 44 mg/l for the endpoint growth rate (30 mg/l endpoint biomass) a PNECaqua of 44 µg/l is derived by applying an assessment factor of 1000. This factor is justified, because only short-term toxicity values were available. The following terrestrial effect concentration was reported: Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivar "Indianapolis white" EC50 (22 d) = 0.12 mg/l (in the nutrient solution; endpoint: chlorosis; nominal concentration). However, no PNECsoil can be derived from this result as no soil concentration is given. Exposure The production volume of this chemical at BASF, Germany, was more than 1000 tons in 2000. No information about the worldwide production volume is available. The organic compound is used for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and as a catalyst in the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry. It is also used as a pH stabilizer. According to Swiss, Danish and Swedish Products Registers and the Hazardous Substances Data Bank, 2-diethylaminoethanol is contained in a large number of products. Some of them may be available to consumers. Releases into the environment are likely to occur during the production and processing of 2-diethylaminoethanol as an intermediate, as well as from the use of the substance itself and use of products containing the substance. Assuming worst case conditions, less than 9.5 kg of 2-diethylaminoethanol per day were released into the Rhine from an industrial site. During production and internal processing, less than 25 kg/a were emitted into the air from the same production site. From the reported use in consumer products, it can be concluded that most of the 2- diethylaminoethanol is released into wastewater, but part of it may also be released into the atmosphere. 2-Diethylaminoethanol has been reported to be readily absorbed via the gastrointestinal tract in humans and rats (Rosenberg et al, 1949; Schulte et al., 1972). On the basis of the physico-chemical properties of a saturated aqueous 2-diethylaminoethanol solution, a skin penetration rate of 3.44 mg/cm2 per hour was estimated for human skin, and therefore, the resulting body burden from exposure to 5 ml/m3 (the current MAK value) of 2-diethylaminoethalol by inhalation for 8 hours could potentially be increased by an additional three-fold factor via dermal absorption (FiserovaBergerova et al., 1990). However, this model was suspected to be too conservative and likely to overestimate percutaneous penetration (Guy and Russell, 1993). Absorption via inhalation has been mentioned (Toren, 1994), but the primary literature was not available for an assessment. In a limited study with humans (Rosenberg et al, 1949), the plasma concentration peaked 3 hours after an oral administration of 5.6 g of 2-diethylaminoethanol-HCl, but was almost undetectable after 8 hours. About 25 % of the 2-diethylaminoethanol was excreted unchanged in the urine within 48 hours. Similar excretion results were observed after intravenous administration. In the same publication it was reported that 2-diethylaminoethanol-HCl given to dogs by intravenous infusion (71 mg/kg bw) , distributed rapidly. Three hours after infusion the level of 2-diethylaminoethanol was higher in the tissues examined (muscle, heart, brain, lung, liver and spleen) than in the plasma. In a gavage study with rats (Schulte
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL (ETHYL DIGLYME)
DESCRIPTION:
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.


CAS:112-36-7

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
CAS:112-36-7
Molecular Formula:C8H18O3
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 162.229
MDL Number: MFCD00009254
InChI Key: RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name: 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
Melting Point -44°C
Density 0.909
Boiling Point 188°C to 190°C
Flash Point 71°C (160°F)
Odor Weak
Linear Formula (CH3CH2OCH2CH2)2O
Refractive Index 1.412
Quantity 500 mL
Beilstein 1699259
Merck Index 14,3118
Solubility Information Miscible with hydrocarbons,ethanol,ethyl ether and organic solvents. Immiscible with water.
Formula Weight 162.23
Percent Purity 99%
HSN Code : 29094400
IMDG Identification : Not Regulated for Transport (Non-Haz)
Molecular Formula : C8H18O3
Molecular Weight : 162.23
Storage : Room Temperature
Shelf Life : 60 Months
Appearance (Clarity) Clear
Appearance (Colour) Colourless
Appearance (Form) Liquid
Assay (GC) min. 99%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C 0.908-0.910
Refractive Index (20°C) 1.411-1.412
Boiling Range 186-188°C
Water (KF) max. 0.1%
Form: liquid
Odour: ether-like
Odour threshold: Not determined due to potential health hazard by inhalation.
Colour: colourless
pH value: 5 - 7
( 50 %(m), 20 °C)
Melting point: -44.3 °C
Boiling point: 189 °C
Flash point: 73.1 °C
Flammability: Combustible liquid.
Lower explosion limit: For liquids not relevant for classification and labelling.
The lower explosion point may be 5 - 15 °C below the flash point.
Upper explosion limit: For liquids not relevant for classification and labelling.
Autoignition: 213 °C
Vapour pressure: 0.5 hPa ( 20 °C)
Density: 0.9082 g/cm3 ( 20 °C)
0.873 g/cm3 ( 55 °C)
Relative density: 0.9082 ( 20 °C)
Partitioning coefficient noctanol/water (log Pow): 0.39 ( 25 °C)
Self-ignition temperature:
Based on its structural properties the product is not classified as selfigniting.
Thermal decomposition: Prolonged thermal loading can result in products of degradation being given off.
Vapours may form explosive mixture with air.
Viscosity, dynamic: 1.4 mPa.s ( 20 °C)
Particle size: The substance / product is marketed or used in a non solid or granular form.
Solubility in water: 100 g/l
Solubility (qualitative): miscible
solvent(s): alcohols,
Molar mass: 162.23 g/mol
Evaporation rate: Value can be approximated from Henry's Law Constant or vapor pressure.


DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is a polyether that is the dimethyl ether derivative of diethylene glycol.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL has a role as a solvent, a xenobiotic and an environmental contaminant.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is functionally related to a diethylene glycol.

DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is a colorless watery liquid with a pleasant odor.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL Floats and mixes with water.

Ethyl diglyme (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a suitable solvent for emissive applications like digital ink formulations.
Ethyl diglyme, water soluble and low odor aprotic solvent, offers high solvency and dispersancy for pigments and dyes, while preventing clogging of printer heads.




APPLICATIONS OF DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.

USES OF DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL is Used as solvent for nitrocellulose, adhesives, sealants, plastic resins and compounds, rubber chemicals, lacquers, and organic synthesis; as high-boiling medium







SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



SYNONYMS OF DIETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL:
diethylene glycol diethyl ether,
2-ethoxyethyl ether,
diethyl carbitol,
ethyl diglyme,
1-ethoxy-2-2-ethoxyethoxy ethane,
bis 2-ethoxyethyl ether,
diethyldiethylene glycol,
3,6,9-trioxaundecane,
degdee,
ether,
bis 2-ethoxyethyl
1-Ethoxy-2-(beta-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-1-ethoxyethane
3,6,9-Trioxaundecane
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether
DEGDEE
Diethyl carbitol
Diethyldiethylene glycol
Diethylether diethylenglykolu [Czech]
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy-
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether
Ether, bis(2-ethoxyethyl)
Ethyl diglyme
Glycol, diethylene-, diethyl ether
Diethyl carbitol
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether
Ethyl diglyme
Diethyldiethylene glycol
3,6,9-Trioxaundecane
Diethyldiglycol

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOAT
DESCRIPTION:

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate (DEGDB) is a widely used dibenzoate ester based plasticizer, which has either linkages at the center that connect the two benzoate groups
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be used as a plasticizer in the fabrication of carbon black composite based sensors, which are used for the detection of electronic noise systems.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate may be homogenized with poly(vinyl fluoride) and polysulfone based composite to prepare an electrolyte for lithium ion batteries

CAS: 120-55-8
European Community (EC) Number: 204-407-6
IUPAC Name: 2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl benzoate
Molecular Formula: (C6H5COOCH2CH2)2O


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:

Molecular Weight: 314.3
XLogP3: 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 10
Exact Mass: 314.11542367
Monoisotopic Mass: 314.11542367
Topological Polar Surface Area: 61.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 23
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 322
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Assay: 90%
Form: viscous liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.544 (lit.)
bp: 235-237 °C/7 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 1.175 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Appearance: Clear Colourless Oil
Molecular Weight: 314.33
Storage: 20°C, Inert atmosphere
Solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.17600 to 1.18000 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 9.797 to 9.830
Refractive Index: 1.54400 to 1.54700 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: 33.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 225.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.096000 mmHg
Flash Point: > 230.00 °F. TCC ( > 110.00 °C. )
logP (o/w): 3.995 (est)


USES OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate (DEGDB) is used in the production of glycol benzoates for the application of plasticizer in adhesive formulations.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is also used in the manufacture of alkyd resins and drilling mud additive for crude oil recovery applications.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is used as a rubber polymerization activators and retardants.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is Used as plasticizer for resins (cellulose acetate butyrate, polyvinyl acetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, and polymethyl methacrylate) and a stabilizer for perfumes.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is a glycol ether that is used as a solvent and as a chemical intermediate in the production of polyvinyl compounds.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate(DEDB) acts as a plasticizer.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is compatible with PVC resin.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate Exhibits good heat stability, plasticized capacity, resistance to freeze, electrical properties and UV filtering properties.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is Used in PVC granules, non-filling rolling film, artificial leather, cable, board material, flaky material, pipe material, rubber bar, foam material, film, rubber and plastisol.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate and other resins, with strong solubility, good compatibility, low volatility, oil resistance, water resistance, light resistance, good pollution resistance and other characteristics, suitable for the processing of polyvinyl chloride floor material, plastic paste, polyvinyl acetate adhesive and synthetic rubber.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used as part of PVC resin plasticizer




SYNTHESIS OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate can be synthesized by ethylene oxide reacting with p-hydroxybenzoic acid followed by reaction with diethylene glycol.
This process yields diethylene glycol dibenzoate, which is then reacted with chlorine to form ethylene glycol dibenzoate.
The water vapor generated during this process is removed using a vacuum pump or by passing the product through a molecular sieve.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate has been shown to have high resistance against water vapor, making it an excellent choice for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is synthesized via a two-step reaction.
The first step involves the reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with dibenzoic acid (DBA) in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid.
This reaction yields diethylene glycol dibenzoate and water as the main products.
The second step involves the reaction of the Diethylene glycol dibenzoate with an alkyl halide, such as bromoethane, to yield the desired alkyl-substituted Diethylene glycol dibenzoate.

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH APPLICATIONS ABOUT DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been studied for its potential as a therapeutic agent.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been investigated for its ability to modulate physiological processes such as inflammation and cell signaling.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has also been studied for its potential as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor agent.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been used in studies of cancer cells, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.
In addition, Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been used as a plasticizer in drug delivery systems, as a solvent in the production of polymers, and as an intermediate in the production of dyes, fragrances, and flavorings.



MECHANISM OF ACTION:
The mechanism of action of Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is not completely understood.
However, it is believed to act as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor agent.
It is thought to interact with various cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

It is believed to modulate the activity of enzymes and receptors involved in inflammation and cell signaling.
In addition, it is believed to interact with the cell membrane to modulate the permeability of the membrane and to modulate the uptake of other molecules.

BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been studied for its potential to modulate biochemical and physiological processes.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has also been shown to modulate the activity of enzymes involved in inflammation, such as cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, it has been shown to modulate the activity of transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB, which is involved in the regulation of gene expression.

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS FOR LAB EXPERIMENTS:
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has several advantages for use in laboratory experiments.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is a colorless, odorless, and slightly viscous liquid that is easy to handle and store.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is also non-toxic, non-irritating, and non-carcinogenic.

In addition, Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is stable and resistant to oxidation, making Diethylene glycol dibenzoate suitable for long-term storage and use in experiments.
However, Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is also relatively expensive, making Diethylene glycol dibenzoate less desirable for use in large-scale experiments.


FUTURE DIRECTIONS:
The potential future directions for Diethylene glycol dibenzoate research include further investigation into its mechanism of action, its ability to modulate physiological processes, and its potential for therapeutic applications.
In addition, further studies are needed to determine the potential toxicity of Diethylene glycol dibenzoate and its potential for bioaccumulation in the environment.
Finally, further studies are needed to determine the potential for Diethylene glycol dibenzoate to be used as a plasticizer in drug delivery systems and as an intermediate in the production of dyes, fragrances, and flavorings.


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



SYNONYMS OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE:
Depositor-Supplied Synonyms
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate
120-55-8
2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl benzoate
Benzo Flex 2-45
Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl) dibenzoate
Diglycol dibenzoate
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIBENZOATE
Dibenzoyldiethyleneglycol ester
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, dibenzoate
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, 1,1'-dibenzoate
Benzoflex 2-45
Benzoic acid, diester with diethylene glycol
YAI66YDY1C
2,2'-Oxydiethylene dibenzoate
MFCD00020679
Oxydiethylene dibenzoate
2-[2-(Benzoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl benzoate
Benzoyloxyethoxyethyl benzoate
CAS-120-55-8
HSDB 5587
2-(2-(BENZOYLOXY)ETHOXY)ETHYL BENZOATE
EINECS 204-407-6
UNII-YAI66YDY1C
BRN 2509507
AI3-02293
FLEXOL 2GB
MONOCIZER PB 3
EC 204-407-6
VELSICOL 2-45
4-09-00-00356 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
SCHEMBL148713
CHEMBL2130591
DTXSID0026967
Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl dibenzoate
Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl)dibenzoate
ZINC2041023
Tox21_201732
Tox21_300522
Di(ethylene glycol) dibenzoate, 90%
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate (DEGDB)
AKOS015889558
NCGC00164149-01
NCGC00164149-02
NCGC00164149-03
NCGC00254255-01
NCGC00259281-01
BS-48950
SY051963
2,2'-oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl) dibenzoate
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE [INCI]
DB-041567
CS-0435534
D1522
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIBENZOATE [HSDB]
FT-0624893
2-[2-(phenylcarbonyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl benzoate
benzoic acid 2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl ester
F71161
A804535
Q2450581



DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is a glycol benzoate ester, is a clear liquid with chemically stable properties and high boiling point.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate (DEGDB) is a widely used dibenzoate ester based plasticizer, which has either linkages at the center that connect the two benzoate groups.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is used as a has an excellent compatibility with polyvinyl acetates and polyvinyl chloride.

EINECS/List Number: 204-407-6
CAS Number: 120-55-8
Molecular Formula: C18H18O5
Molecular Weight: 314.33

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, also known as DEG dibenzoate or Dibenzoin, is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of diethylene glycol esters.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is formed through the esterification of diethylene glycol with benzoic acid.
The chemical formula for Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is C18H18O5.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is slightly soluble in water and very soluble in polymers.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is soluble in organic solvents, such as ethanol, acetone, and benzene.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate has a high boiling point and low vapor pressure, which makes it useful in various industrial applications.

One of the primary uses of diethylene glycol dibenzoate is as a plasticizer.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate can be added to polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to increase their flexibility, durability, and workability. Plasticizers help improve the properties of the plastic and make it more resistant to cracking and deformation.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is often used in the production of films, coatings, adhesives, and vinyl-based products.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is employed as a solvent in various applications, including inks, paints, and coatings.
IDiethylene Glycol Dibenzoate can dissolve a wide range of substances and helps in dispersing pigments and other additives in these formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can undergo various chemical reactions. It can be hydrolyzed under acidic or basic conditions, resulting in the formation of diethylene glycol and benzoic acid.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate, hydrolysis reaction can occur over time, especially in the presence of moisture or elevated temperatures.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate can participate in esterification and transesterification reactions, where it can be used as a reactant or catalyst in the synthesis of other compounds.
Benzoic acid, the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid containing carboxyl group bonded directly to benzene ring, is a white, crystalline organic compound; melting at 122 C (starting sublime at 100 C); boiling at 249 C; slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, very slightly soluble in benzene and acetone.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is aqua solution is weakly acidic.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate occurs naturally in many plants and resins.
The most of commercial benzoic acid is produced by the reaction of toluene with oxygen at temperatures around 200 C in the liquid phase and in the presence of cobalt and manganese salts as catalysts.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate can be prepared also by the oxidation of benzene with concentrated sulphuric acid or carbon dioxide in the presence of catalysts.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate methods are such as by the oxidation of benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, cinnamic acid; by hydrolysis of benzonitrile, benzoyl chloride. More than 90% of commercial benzoic acid is converted directly to phenol and caprolactam.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is use in the production of glycol benzoates for the application of plasticizer in adhesive formulations is increasing.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is also used in the manufacture of alkyd resins and drilling mud additive for crude oil recovery applications.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits relatively high viscosity compared to other plasticizers.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate viscosity can contribute to the flow and processing characteristics of polymer formulations.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is important to consider the viscosity of the plasticizer when formulating products to ensure proper mixing and processing.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate shows good compatibility with a variety of fillers and additives commonly used in polymer formulations.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate, include fillers like calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and silica, as well as various additives such as antioxidants, UV stabilizers, and flame retardants.

Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate, compatibility allows for the incorporation of these materials into the polymer matrix while maintaining the desired properties.
As with other plasticizers, diethylene glycol dibenzoate can migrate or be extracted from the polymer matrix under certain conditions.
Migration refers to the movement of the plasticizer from the polymer to the surrounding environment, while extraction refers to the removal of the plasticizer by solvents or other substances.

Proper disposal and recycling of diethylene glycol dibenzoate and products containing this compound should be carried out according to local regulations.
Recycling options for plasticized products may involve separation of the plasticizer from the polymer or finding suitable processes to recover or reuse the plasticizer.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is important to consider environmental impact and sustainability when handling and disposing of diethylene glycol dibenzoate and related materials

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate offers several performance advantages as a plasticizer.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate provides good flexibility and softness to polymers, allowing them to withstand bending and stretching without breaking or cracking.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate also improves the processability of polymers, making them easier to mold, extrude, or shape during manufacturing.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has a mild, slightly sweet odor.
This characteristic can be beneficial in applications where odor neutrality or compatibility with fragrances is desired.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is important to consider this attribute when formulating products for industries such as personal care or food packaging.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits good resistance to ultraviolet (UV) light degradation.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate property makes it suitable for applications that require resistance to UV exposure, such as outdoor coatings or films.
By incorporating Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate as a plasticizer, the overall UV stability of the polymer can be improved.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, like other plasticizers, can undergo migration and blooming.
Migration refers to the movement of the Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate within the polymer matrix, which can occur over time and under certain conditions.

Blooming refers to the migration of the Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate to the surface of the polymer, resulting in a visible film or residue.
Care should be taken to minimize these effects, especially in applications where surface aesthetics or product interactions are important.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been evaluated for its biocompatibility in certain applications.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate has been used as a plasticizer in medical devices, where compatibility with human tissues and fluids is crucial, however specific biocompatibility requirements may vary depending on the intended use and regulatory standards.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can contribute to the adhesion properties of certain formulations.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate, when used in adhesives or coatings, it can enhance the bonding strength between the substrate and the adhesive or coating layer.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate, property is particularly useful in applications where strong adhesion is required, such as in automotive or construction applications.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate typically has a long shelf life when stored properly.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is important to store it in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is commercially available from various suppliers worldwide.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is commonly used in different industries and can be sourced from chemical distributors or manufacturers specializing in plasticizers and related compounds.

Melting point: 24°C
Boiling point: 235-237 °C7 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 1.175 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.544(lit.)
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: Oil
color: Clear Colourless
Water Solubility: 38.3mg/L at 20℃
LogP: 3.2 at 30℃

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is commonly used as a plasticizer in various industries.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can improve the flexibility, elongation, and impact resistance of polymers.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate of this compound to PVC, for instance, can enhance its ability to withstand bending and stretching without breaking.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps in the production of items like cables, flooring materials, artificial leather, and automotive parts.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits good solvency for a wide range of resins and polymers.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is compatible with cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, and many other synthetic and natural materials.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, compatibility allows it to be used as a solvent or co-solvent in various applications, including paints, coatings, and inks.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate offers good thermal stability and has low volatility.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is less likely to evaporate or degrade at high temperatures, which is important for applications that involve heat exposure.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is compatible with other additives used in polymer formulations, such as stabilizers, antioxidants, and flame retardants.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is important to consider the environmental impact of diethylene glycol dibenzoate. Proper handling, storage, and disposal practices should be followed to minimize its release into the environment.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is recommended to adhere to local regulations and guidelines when using this compound.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate may be subject to regulations and restrictions depending on the country or region.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is important to check the local regulatory requirements and comply with any applicable laws, such as registration, labeling, and usage restrictions.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate should be handled with caution to ensure safety.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is recommended to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, when working with this compound.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is important to avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is advised to follow first aid measures and seek medical attention if necessary.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate should be kept in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and evaporation.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, is thought to interact with various cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is believed to modulate the activity of enzymes and receptors involved in inflammation and cell signaling.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, it is believed to interact with the cell membrane to modulate the permeability of the membrane and to modulate the uptake of other molecules.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is generally stable under normal conditions however, it may undergo decomposition or degradation when exposed to high temperatures or strong acids or bases.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is important to avoid conditions that may lead to thermal decomposition or chemical reactions.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate (DEGDB) is a widely used chemical compound in research and industry.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is a colorless, odorless, and slightly viscous liquid that is used as a solvent, plasticizer, and intermediate in the production of various chemicals.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has a variety of applications, including being used as a plasticizer in paints and coatings, as a solvent in the production of polymers, and as an intermediate in the production of dyes, fragrances, and flavorings.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has also been studied for its potential as a therapeutic agent.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been investigated for its ability to modulate physiological processes such as inflammation and cell signaling.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been studied for its potential to modulate biochemical and physiological processes.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has also been shown to modulate the activity of enzymes involved in inflammation, such as cyclooxygenase-2.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been shown to modulate the activity of transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB, which is involved in the regulation of gene expression.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been studied for its potential to modulate biochemical and physiological processes.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has also been shown to modulate the activity of enzymes involved in inflammation, such as cyclooxygenase-2.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been shown to modulate the activity of transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB, which is involved in the regulation of gene expression.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is synthesized via a two-step reaction.
The first step involves the reaction of diethylene glycol (DEG) with dibenzoic acid (DBA) in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid.
This reaction yields diethylene glycol dibenzoate and water as the main products.

The second step involves the reaction of the Diethylene glycol dibenzoate with an alkyl halide, such as bromoethane, to yield the desired alkyl-substituted Diethylene glycol dibenzoate.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, is thought to interact with various cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is believed to modulate the activity of enzymes and receptors involved in inflammation and cell signaling.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is believed to interact with the cell membrane to modulate the permeability of the membrane and to modulate the uptake of other molecules.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits relatively high plasticizer efficiency compared to some other plasticizers.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, refers to the amount of plasticizer required to achieve a desired level of flexibility in a polymer.

The high efficiency of diethylene glycol dibenzoate allows for lower usage levels, which can result in cost savings in formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate demonstrates compatibility with a wide range of polymers, including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polyurethane (PU), and various copolymers. This broad compatibility allows for its use in diverse applications across different polymer systems.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits good solvent power, enabling it to dissolve or disperse various solid materials and polymers.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is advantageous when formulating solutions, dispersions, or coatings where solubility or dispersibility is required.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can serve as an alternative plasticizer to traditional phthalate-based plasticizers, such as diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) or dibutyl phthalate (DBP).
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate have faced regulatory scrutiny due to potential health and environmental concerns, leading to increased interest in exploring alternative plasticizers like diethylene glycol dibenzoate.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, to its plasticizing properties, diethylene glycol dibenzoate can also act as a cross-linking agent in certain systems.
Cross-linking refers to the formation of chemical bonds between polymer chains, resulting in increased strength, hardness, and durability of the polymer.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be advantageous in applications where enhanced mechanical properties are desired.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can function as a rheology modifier, influencing the flow behavior and viscosity of formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, the concentration of diethylene glycol dibenzoate, it is possible to control the viscosity and rheological properties of systems, making it suitable for applications where precise viscosity control is necessary.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits good compatibility with aromatic compounds, including benzene derivatives and other aromatic solvents.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, compatibility can be advantageous when formulating solutions or mixtures that contain aromatic components.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate demonstrates good color stability, particularly when compared to certain other plasticizers.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, property is important in applications where color retention and stability over time are critical, such as in pigmented coatings or colored plastics.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can enhance the stability of emulsions, which are mixtures of immiscible liquids
When used Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, as a co-emulsifier or as part of the emulsion formulation, it can help prevent phase separation and maintain the stability of the emulsion over time.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is soluble in many organic solvents, including alcohols, ketones, esters, and aromatic hydrocarbons.
This solubility property allows for easy incorporation into various formulations and facilitates uniform distribution within the polymer matrix.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has relatively high thermal conductivity compared to some other plasticizers.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be beneficial in applications where heat transfer is important, such as thermal interface materials or heat dissipation applications.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits a relatively low surface tension, which can enhance wetting and spreading properties in coating applications.
Low surface tension allows for better coverage and adhesion of the coating to the substrate surface.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is commonly used as a plasticizer in ink formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps improve the flow and printability of inks, enhances color development, and contributes to the adhesion of the ink to various substrates.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has low volatility, meaning it has a low tendency to evaporate and contribute to air pollution.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has a mild odor, which is desirable in applications where odor neutrality is important, such as in fragranced products or sensitive environments.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be used as a plasticizer in adipate-free formulations. Adipates, which are a class of plasticizers, have faced regulatory restrictions due to environmental and health concerns.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate offers an alternative for formulators seeking to develop adipate-free products.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate provides good water resistance to polymer formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps reduce the absorption of water by the polymer matrix, enhancing its dimensional stability and resistance to water-related degradation.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has been used in certain food contact applications, such as coatings or films used in food packaging, however, specific regulations and requirements may vary depending on the region, intended use, and applicable food contact regulations.

There are efforts to develop diethylene glycol dibenzoate from renewable feedstocks, such as plant-based or bio-based sources.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate initiatives aim to reduce reliance on fossil fuel-derived raw materials and promote sustainability in the production of plasticizers.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate exhibits good compatibility with various flame retardant additives.

Uses
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is used in analytical studies to investigation into the migration potential of coating materials from cookware products.
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate (DEGDB) is used in the production of glycol benzoates for the application of plasticizer in adhesive formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is also used in the manufacture of alkyd resins and drilling mud additive for crude oil recovery applications.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used as a rubber polymerization activators and retardants.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate and other resins, with strong solubility, good compatibility, low volatility, oil resistance, water resistance, light resistance, good pollution resistance and other characteristics, suitable for the processing of polyvinyl chloride floor material, plastic paste, polyvinyl acetate adhesive and synthetic rubber.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, inks and toners, polymers, cosmetics and personal care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and plant protection products.
Other release to the environment of Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used as a rubber polymerization activators and retardants.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, Benzoic acid is converted to its salts and esters for the use of preservative application in foods, drugs and personal products.
Sodium benzoate, sodium salt of benzoic acid, is used preferably as one of the principal anti-microbial preservatives used in foods and beverages, as it is about 200 times more soluble than benzoic acid.

SDiethylene glycol dibenzoate, sodium Benzoate is also used in medications, anti-fermentation additives and tabletting lubricant for pharmaceuticals.
The industrial applications are as a corrosion inhibitor, as an additive to automotive engine antifreeze coolants and in other waterborne systems, as a nucleating agents for polyolefin, as a dye intermediate, as a stabilizer in photographic processing and as a catalyst.

Release to the environment of Diethylene glycol dibenzoatecan occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Other release to the environment of Diethylene glycol dibenzoateis likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). This substance can be found in products with material based on: paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is use as a plasticizer and solvent, diethylene glycol dibenzoate can find applications in other areas. It is sometimes employed as a heat transfer fluid due to its thermal stability also serve as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be used in combination with other plasticizers to achieve desired properties in polymer formulations.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is often used as a secondary plasticizer alongside primary plasticizers like phthalates or adipates.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, combination can provide a balance of properties such as flexibility, volatility, and cost-effectiveness.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate has low volatility, meaning it has a low tendency to evaporate.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate, characteristic is beneficial in applications where long-term stability and low emissions are desired.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps maintain the desired plasticity and performance of the polymer over time.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is considered to have moderate to high biodegradability, depending on the specific environmental conditions.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate characteristic can be advantageous in terms of environmental impact and sustainability.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is generally considered to have low acute toxicity however, as with any chemical substance, prolonged or repeated exposure may have adverse health effects.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is important to handle this compound with proper precautions and in accordance with safety guidelines if there are concerns about potential health risks, it is advisable to consult safety data sheets (SDS) or seek guidance from occupational health and safety professionals.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the following products: lubricants and greases.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

The solubility of diethylene glycol dibenzoate with PVC resin is better than DOP and DBP.
With its higher flash point than DOP, it is widely used in the plasticizer-needing products like PVC plastic film, artificial leather by calendering processing, plastic sandal, foam slippers, PVC cable material, ox sinew sole, foaming PVC shoe material, rubber shoe material, seal strips for doors & windows and automobiles & boats, PVC profile bar, soft board, soft&hard tubes, PVC heat shrinkable film, PVC tangle film, PVC panel, decorative plate, foaming hard board, etc. Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can completely replace DOP, DBP and DHP in PVC products without changing processing conditions.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and textile treatment products and dyes.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, polymers and textile treatment products and dyes.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and machinery and vehicles.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used as a plasticizer in the production of plastics and polymers.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate enhances the flexibility, workability, and mechanical properties of the materials, making them easier to process and improving their overall performance.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is employed in the formulation of coatings and paints.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps improve the flow and leveling properties of the coatings, enhances adhesion to substrates, and contributes to the formation of a smooth and durable finish.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate finds application as a plasticizer in adhesives and sealants.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate improves the flexibility and workability of the formulations, enhancing their adhesive properties and enabling strong and reliable bonding.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the formulation of printing inks, particularly in gravure and flexographic printing.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps optimize ink flow, color development, and adhesion to substrates, resulting in high-quality printed materials.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is utilized in the textile industry as a softener and plasticizer for fibers and fabrics.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate imparts a soft and supple feel to textiles, enhances their flexibility, and improves resistance to wrinkling and creasing.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is employed in the production of wire and cable insulation.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate enhances the flexibility and insulation properties of the materials, making them easier to handle and improving their resistance to temperature variations and mechanical stresses.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be used as a lubricant or lubricant additive in various industrial applications.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps reduce friction and wear, improves the flow properties of lubricants, and enhances the performance and durability of machinery and equipment.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be incorporated into industrial cleaners to improve their solvency and cleaning efficiency.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in metalworking fluids, such as cutting oils and coolants.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps improve lubrication, heat dissipation, and corrosion protection during metal cutting, machining, and forming processes.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate finds application in the construction industry.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be used as a plasticizer in construction materials such as PVC pipes, vinyl flooring, and roofing membranes, enhancing their flexibility, durability, and resistance to cracking.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be employed in various automotive applications.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used as a plasticizer in automotive interior components such as dashboards, door panels, and trim, providing flexibility and durability to these parts.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can also be utilized in automotive coatings and adhesives, contributing to their performance and resistance to environmental conditions.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate finds application in the construction industry.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be used as a plasticizer in construction materials such as PVC pipes, vinyl flooring, and roofing membranes.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate enhancing the flexibility and workability of these materials, it helps improve their installation, durability, and resistance to cracking.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be utilized as a plasticizer in wire and cable insulation formulations.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps enhance the flexibility and insulation properties of the materials, making them easier to handle and install also contributes to their resistance to temperature variations and mechanical stresses.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the production of packaging materials such as films, sheets, and containers.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps improve the flexibility, clarity, and impact resistance of these materials, ensuring their suitability for packaging applications across various industries.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is employed in industrial coatings, including metal coatings, coil coatings, and industrial paints.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate contributes to the formulation's performance by enhancing adhesion, flexibility, and resistance to chemicals and weathering.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be utilized as a plasticizer in the production of leather and synthetic leather goods.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate imparts softness, flexibility, and a luxurious touch to the material, enhancing its overall quality.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is used in the production of agricultural films, such as greenhouse films and mulch films.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate provides the necessary flexibility, durability, and resistance to environmental factors to protect crops and improve agricultural practices.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate finds application in industrial adhesives used in various sectors, including woodworking, construction, and packaging.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps improve the adhesive properties, flexibility, and workability of the formulations, allowing for strong and reliable bonding.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is utilized in the printing industry, particularly in the formulation of specialty inks, such as those used for gravure printing.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate helps optimize ink flow, adhesion, and color development, resulting in high-quality printed materials.

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be incorporated into filtration media, such as membranes or filter papers, to enhance their properties.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can improve the flexibility, durability, and resistance to chemicals, making the filtration media more effective in various separation processes.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is a viscous liquid with a mild, slightly sweet odor.

Health Hazards:
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate may cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Prolonged or repeated exposure to the Diethylene glycol dibenzoate may lead to skin sensitization.
Inhalation or ingestion of diethylene glycol dibenzoate can cause irritation to the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal system.

Environmental Hazards:
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate may have adverse effects on the environment if released into waterways or soil.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate can be toxic to aquatic organisms and may cause long-term harmful effects in aquatic environments.

Flammability:
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is not considered highly flammable, but it may burn under certain conditions.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is not classified as acutely toxic however Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is important to follow proper handling procedures and avoid prolonged or excessive exposure to minimize potential risks.
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate is essential to adhere to safety precautions and guidelines provided by manufacturers, regulatory agencies, and local regulations when working with diethylene glycol dibenzoate.

Synonyms
Diethylene glycol dibenzoate
120-55-8
Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl) dibenzoate
2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl benzoate
Benzo Flex 2-45
Oxydiethylene dibenzoate
Diglycol dibenzoate
Dibenzoyldiethyleneglycol ester
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, dibenzoate
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, 1,1'-dibenzoate
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIBENZOATE
Benzoflex 2-45
Benzoic acid, diester with diethylene glycol
YAI66YDY1C
2,2'-Oxydiethylene dibenzoate
DTXSID0026967
MFCD00020679
DTXCID006967
2-[2-(Benzoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl benzoate
Benzoyloxyethoxyethyl benzoate
CAS-120-55-8
HSDB 5587
2-(2-(BENZOYLOXY)ETHOXY)ETHYL BENZOATE
EINECS 204-407-6
UNII-YAI66YDY1C
BRN 2509507
AI3-02293
FLEXOL 2GB
MONOCIZER PB 3
EC 204-407-6
VELSICOL 2-45
4-09-00-00356 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
SCHEMBL148713
CHEMBL2130591
Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl dibenzoate
Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl)dibenzoate
Tox21_201732
Tox21_300522
Di(ethylene glycol) dibenzoate, 90%
Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate (DEGDB)
AKOS015889558
NCGC00164149-01
NCGC00164149-02
NCGC00164149-03
NCGC00254255-01
NCGC00259281-01
BS-48950
SY051963
2,2'-oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl) dibenzoate
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIBENZOATE [INCI]
DB-041567
CS-0435534
D1522
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, DIBENZOATE [HSDB]
FT-0624893
2-[2-(phenylcarbonyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl benzoate
benzoic acid 2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl ester
F71161
A804535
Q2450581
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER (ETHYL DIGLYME)
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme), or 2-Ethoxyethyl ether, is an organic solvent used to study the activities of enzymes in aqueous organic mixtures.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins, and adhesives.

CAS: 112-36-7
MF: C8H18O3
MW: 162.23
EINECS: 203-963-7

Synonyms
1,1’-oxybis(2-ethoxy-ethan;diethyldiethyleneglycol;Diethyldigol;diethyleneglycoldlethylether;Diethylether diethylenglykolu;diethyletherdiethylenglykolu;Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis*2-ethoxy-;Ethane,1,1’-oxybis[2-ethoxy-;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER;112-36-7;2-Ethoxyethyl ether;1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane;Diethyl carbitol;Ethyl diglyme;Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether;Diethyldiethylene glycol;Ether, bis(2-ethoxyethyl);3,6,9-Trioxaundecane;DEGDEE;diethyleneglycoldiethylether;Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-ethoxy-;Ethyldiglyme;2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-1-ethoxyethane;Diethylether diethylenglykolu;1-Ethoxy-2-(beta-ethoxyethoxy)ethane;Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether;Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy-;diethyleneglycol diethyl ether;DTXSID3025047;CHEBI:44664;ZH086O935Z;MFCD00009254
;Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether; Ethyldiglyme; Hisolve EDE;HSDB 68;P4G;Glycol, diethylene-, diethyl ether;EINECS 203-963-7;Diethylether diethylenglykolu [Czech];BRN 1699259;diethoxydiglycol;UNII-ZH086O935Z;AI3-19428;ethoxyethyl ether;HISOLVE EDE;(1-ethoxy)-ethyl ether;EC 203-963-7;diethyleneglycol diethylether;1,5-diethoxy-3-oxapentane;SCHEMBL16596;Diethylene glycol diethylether;DIETHOXYDIGLYCOL [INCI];1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy)ethane;1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxyethane);DTXCID505047;CHEMBL1235106;Diethyl ene glycol diethyl ether;Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-ethoxy-];Tox21_302050;1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxyl)ethane;1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethane;AKOS015915322;1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane #;DB08357;1-Ethoxy-2-(.beta.-ethoxyethoxy)ethane;NCGC00164135-01;NCGC00255128-01;CAS-112-36-7;B0489;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER [MI];Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, HPLC Grade;NS00004273;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER [HSDB];A802561;Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, for HPLC, >=99%;J-509308;Q5275148;Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, reagent grade, >=98%;F8881-4182;Z1255402671;2-Ethoxyethyl ether, Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether, Diethyldiglycol;Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98+ %;InChI=1/C8H18O3/c1-3-9-5-7-11-8-6-10-4-2/h3-8H2,1-2H

Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) could be used as an absorbent for CO2.
This absorbent has a high boiling point (462 K, in SciFinder), indicating that energy for absorbent regeneration and loss were saved.
In addition, this absorbent is chemically and thermally stable, non-corrosive, and has low density and viscosity.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is rich in philic-CO2 groups, which makes Diethylene glycol diethyl ether more effective for CO2 capture.
Li et al. found that carbonyl and ether groups in the absorbents improved CO2 solubility, and the carbonyl group was more effective than the ether group.
A polyether that consists of undecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 3, 6 and 9 are replaced by oxygen atoms.

Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is incompatible with strong acids.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is an organic solvent with a high boiling point.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is a glycol ether used as a solvent in the production of paints, varnishes, and other coatings.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) has been shown to be chemically stable and non-toxic when used at low concentrations.

Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) can also be used as an alternative solvent for x-ray crystallography experiments because Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) produces high quality crystals of proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds.
The hydroxyl group on its structure makes Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) an excellent substrate for film formation.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is also able to bind to receptors in autoimmune diseases, which may be due to its structural similarity to the natural neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is a compound that is related to a family of glycol ethers.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme)'s are a group of solvents based on alkylene oxides and alcohols.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme)'s typically have excellent solvent properties for a variety of substances and are used in a wide range of applications.

Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -44.3 °C
Boiling point: 180-190 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.909 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 5.6 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.412(lit.)
Fp: 160 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear
Relative polarity: 3.9
Explosive limit: 6.2%
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 300 nm Amax: 0.10
λ: 320 nm Amax: 0.04
λ: 350-400 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,3118
BRN: 1699259
Dielectric constant: 5.7000000000000002
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. May form peroxides on exposure to air - test for their presence before heating.
InChIKey: RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.39 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 112-36-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme)(112-36-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) (112-36-7)

The physical and chemical properties of Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) and its derivatives have been extensively studied.
For instance, the infrared study and thermodynamics of hydrogen bonding in diethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers have been analyzed, revealing multiple equilibria and thermodynamic quantities for the formation of different ring structures.
Additionally, the densities, refractive indices, speeds of sound, and shear viscosities of mixtures involving diethylene glycol dimethyl ether have been measured, providing valuable data for understanding the behavior of these compounds in various conditions.
These properties are crucial for the application of diethylene glycol ethers in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and coatings.

Uses
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is a very useful organic solvent.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) has a high boiling point and has been used to study the activities of enzymes in aqueous organic mixtures.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) is used to study the activities of enzymes in aqueous organic mixtures.
Solvent; high boiling reaction medium.

Preparation
2-Ethoxyethyl ether could be synthesized by reacting 1, 4-dioxane with diethyl ether.
ZSM-5-type zeolite was used as the catalyst.
This reaction is performed in an autoclave.

Purification Methods
Dry the ether with MgSO4, then CaH2 or LiAlH4, under N2.
If sodium is used, the ether should be redistilled alone to remove any products which may be formed by the action of sodium on the ether.
As a preliminary purification, the crude ether (2L) can be refluxed for 12hours with 25mL of conc HCl in 200mL of water, under reduced pressure, with slow passage of N2 to remove aldehydes and other volatile substances.
After cooling, add sufficient solid KOH pellets (slowly and with shaking until no more dissolves) to give two liquid phases.
The upper of these is decanted, dried with fresh KOH pellets, decanted, then refluxed over, and distilled from sodium.
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Diglyme) can be passed through (alkaline) alumina prior to purification.

Synthesis Analysis
The synthesis of diethylene glycol diethyl ether and its derivatives has been explored through various chemical reactions.
For instance, the synthesis of diethylene glycol ethyl ether can be achieved using diethylene glycol and ethanol with heteropoly acidic salts as catalysts, showing high activity and stability.
Similarly, diethylene glycol monoallyl ether can be synthesized from diethylene glycol, allyl chloride, and sodium hydroxide, using tetrabutylammonium chloride as a phase transfer catalyst.
These methods demonstrate the versatility of diethylene glycol ethers' synthesis, allowing for the production of various derivatives with potential applications in different industries.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIISONONANOATE
2-(2-ETHOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL; Carbit0l; CARBITOL; CARBITOL(R); CARBITOL SOLUTION; CARBITOL(TM); DI(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)ETHYL ETHER; DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER; DIGLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER; ETHOXY DIGLYCOL; ETHOXYETHOXYETHANOL; ETHYL CARBITOL; ETHYL DIGLYCOL; ETHYL DIGOL; 1-Hydroxy-3,6-dioxaoctane; 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethano; 2-(beta-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol; 2-(beta-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol diglycol; 2-(Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol; 2,2’-oxybis-ethanomonoethylether CAS NO:111-90-0
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has a role as a protic solvent.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an excellent aprotic polar solvent.


CAS Number: 1002-67-1
EC Number: 213-690-5
MDL Number: MFCD01727263
Molecular Formula: C7H16O3



Ethane, 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-, Ethane, 1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-2-methoxy-, 1-Ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, Diethylene glycol, ethyl methyl ether,
Ethanol, 2,2′-oxybis-, ethyl methyl ether, Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, Hisolve EDM, Hysorb EDM, Hisolve EDM-S, 1-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-2-methoxyethane, EDM-S, 1-ETHOXY-2-(2-METHOXYETHOXY)ETHANE, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHYL ETHER, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, ETHYL METHYL ETHER, ETHANE, 1-(2-ETHOXYETHOXY)-2-METHOXY-, ETHANE, 1 -ETHOXY-2- (2-METHOXYETHOXY)-, ETHANOL, 2,2'-OXYBIS-, ETHYL METHYL ETHER, HISOLVE EDM, DEME, Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, DEMEE, DGMEE, 2,5,8-Trioxadecane, ethylmethylether diethylenglykolu, 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, 2-ethoxyethyl 2-methoxyethyl ether, DiethyleneGlycolEthylMethylEther>DIETHYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHYL ETHE, 2,5,8-Trioxadecane, 1-Ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, Diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, DiethyleneGlycolMethylEthylEtherC7H16O3, Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, 2-ethoxyethyl 2-methoxyethyl ether, ethylmethylether diethylenglykolu, 2,5,8-Trioxadecane, Ethane,1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-, Ethane,1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-2-methoxy-, 1-Ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, Diethylene glycol,ethyl methyl ether, Ethanol,2,2′-oxybis-,ethyl methyl ether, Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, Hisolve EDM, Hysorb EDM, Hisolve EDM-S, 1-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-2-methoxyethane, EDM-S, 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, Diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, DiethyleneGlycolMethylEthylEtherC7H16O3, Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, 2-ethoxyethyl 2-methoxyethyl ether, ethylmethylether diethylenglykolu, 2,5,8-Trioxadecane, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether (DEMEE)



Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a colorless, odorless liquid that is commonly used as a solvent in the chemical industry.
Proper protective gear such as gloves and goggles should be worn when handling this product.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether should also be stored in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat or ignition.


Performance data shows that Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether meets high purity standards and does not have any significant environmental impacts when handled properly.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an excellent aprotic polar solvent.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a product of Ethylene Oxide and Methanol.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is chemically known as a Methyl Diglycol, 2-hydroxy-2-methoxy-diethyl ether.
Commercially Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is known as a Methyl Carbitol, which is a trademark of Union Carbide.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an excellent solvent for the various resins & paste etc.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether appears as a colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild pleasant odor.
The flash point of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is near 190 °F.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has a role as a protic solvent.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a diether, a primary alcohol, a hydroxypolyether and a glycol ether.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is functionally related to a diethylene glycol.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is organic solvent commonly used in the cosmetic industry and ink industry.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a relatively non-volatile solvent and therefore it is included only in special lacquer formulations, principally nitrocellulose lacquers, to improve the properties of the lacquers.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether can be stabilized with 2, 6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol (0.005%).


Owning to Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether's low volatility small quantity can be added to lacquer solutions.
The dilution capacity of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is very good.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is also used in aviation industry as FSII– Dicing – Anti Icing agent.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether does not attack rubber.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is also used in the printing ink, industry and in the production of ballpoint pen ink.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an excellent performance of high boiling point organic solvent, widely used in organic synthesis solvent and ink, production dyes, resins, paints, cleaning agents, special inks, coating technology fields.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used in the field of organic synthetic solvent, ink and coating
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has applications in coatings, adhesives, and cleaning agents.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has a carbonyl group.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used in the production of polyurethane elastomers and as a solvent for nitrocellulose and other coatings.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has been detected in the environment, food, and cosmetics at low levels.
The detection sensitivity of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is very high, making it useful for detecting other substances such as glycol ethers, fatty acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and cross-linking agents.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used as organic synthesis solvent and inks, coatings technology fields.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used Ink, toner, and colorant products.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used to make soaps, dyes, and other chemicals.


Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used an important and excellent organic solvents.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used mainly in the industry of ink, paint and cosmetic etc.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used in the production of polyurethane elastomers and as a solvent for nitrocellulose and other coatings.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has been detected in the environment, food, and cosmetics at low levels.


The detection sensitivity of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is very high, making it useful for detecting other substances such as glycol ethers, fatty acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and cross-linking agents.
Materials Uses of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether: Lacking a hydroxyl group, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether can be used as a solvent for a wide range of applications.



SYNTHESIS OF DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
5 parts of H-type ZSM-5 (SiO2 / Al2O3 = 280), 50 parts of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 50 parts were charged into a reaction vessel and heated up to 180C under stirring for 8 hours It stirred.
After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was measured the relative amounts of products were analyzed by gas chromatography.

The composition of the resulting Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether was 7.7%.
Further, resulting in the product, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and diethylene glycol diethyl ether, were contained in 3.7% and 5.2% of the composition ratio, respectively as by-products.

By the diethylene glycol dimethyl ether exchange reaction together diethylene glycol monomethyl ether of the raw material, the diethylene glycol diethyl ether by ether exchange reaction together diethylene glycol monoethyl ether starting material, believed to be respectively obtained.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a useful research chemical.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has a carbonyl group.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
CBNumber:CB7855379
Molecular Formula:C7H16O3
Molecular Weight:148.2
MDL Number:MFCD01727263
MOL File:1002-67-1.mo
Melting point: -72°C
Boiling point: 208.81°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.0100 (rough estimate)
vapor pressure: 2.1Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.4080-1.4120
Flash point: 82°C
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
form: clear liquid
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility: 1000g/L at 20℃

InChI: InChI=1S/C7H16O3/c1-3-9-6-7-10-5-4-8-2/h3-7H2,1-2H3
InChIKey: CNJRPYFBORAQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C(OCC)COCCOC
LogP: -0.1 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 1002-67-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA UNII: LF64ICW5Y3
EPA Substance Registry System: Diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether (1002-67-1)
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas) No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 82 °C - open cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,925 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
CAS number: 1002-67-1
EC number: 213-690-5

Hill Formula: C₇H₁₆O₃
Molar Mass: 148.2 g/mol
HS Code: 2909 19 90
Density: 0.925 g/cm3
Flash point: 82 °C
Melting Point: -72 °C
Solubility: 76 g/l
Chemical Name or Material: Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether
Color: Colorless
Molecular Formula: C7H16O3
Synonym: 2,5,8-Trioxadecane, 1-Ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane
SMILES: CCOCCOCCOC
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 148.20
Formula Weight: 148.20
Physical Form: Liquid
CAS: 1002-67-1
Boiling Point: 179°C

MDL Number: MFCD01727263
UN Number: 3271
InChI Key: CNJRPYFBORAQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name: 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane
PubChem CID: 13847
Percent Purity: ≥98.0% (GC)
IUPAC Name: 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane
Molecular Weight: 148.2
Molecular Formula: C7H16O3
Canonical SMILES: CCOCCOCCOC
InChI Key: CNJRPYFBORAQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point: 167.9ºC at 760mmHg
Flash Point: 53.8ºC
Density: 0.908g/cm³
Appearance: white crystal solid.
EC Number: 213-690-5
Exact Mass: 148.11000
H-Bond Acceptor: 3
H-Bond Donor: 0

Molecular formula: C7H16O3
Molecular weight: 148.21
CAS: 1002-67-1
EINECS RN: 213-690-5
InChI: 1S/C7H16O3/c1-3-9-6-7-10-5-4-8-2/h3-7H2,1-2H3
Appearance: colorless transparent liquid
Boiling point(101.3kPa): 176℃
Refractive index(25℃): 1.4049
Flash point: 82℃
Density 0.9228 g/mL
Surface tension(mN/M)20℃: 27.5
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol and other organic solvents
Purity(GC)%: ≥99.5
Moisture%: ≤0.1

Acidity(as HAC)%: ≤0.015
Peroxide(as H2O2)%:≤0.005
Molecular Weight: 148.20000
Exact Mass:148.20
EC Number:213-690-5
UNII:LF64ICW5Y3
HScode:2909199090
Characteristics
PSA:27.69000
XLogP3:0.68590
Appearance:Liquid
Density:0.908g/cm3
Boiling Point:179 °C
Flash Point:53.8ºC
Molecular Formula/Molecular Weight: C7H16O3=148.20

CAS No: 1002-67-1
Physical State: Liquid
Color: Colorless
Melting Point: n/a
Condition to Avoid: n/a
Refractive Index: 1.41
Specific Gravity: 0.92
MDL No: MFCD01727263
UN No: 3271
Hazard Class: 3
CAS registration number: 1002-67-1
Unique Ingredient Identifier: LF64ICW5Y3
Molecular formula: C7H16O3
International Chemical Identifier (InChI): CNJRPYFBORAQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C(OCCOC)COCC



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Recommended storage temperature see product label.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL METHYL ETHER
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has a carbonyl group.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used in the production of polyurethane elastomers and as a solvent for nitrocellulose and other coatings.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has been detected in the environment, food, and cosmetics at low levels.

CAS Number: 1002-67-1
Molecular Formula: C7H16O3
Molecular Weight: 148.2
EINECS Number: 213-690-5

1-ETHOXY-2-(2-METHOXYETHOXY)ETHANE, 1002-67-1, Diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, 1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-2-methoxyethane, 2,5,8-Trioxadecane, Ethane, 1-ethoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-, LF64ICW5Y3, 2-Ethoxyethyl 2-methoxyethyl ether, ME2, EINECS 213-690-5, Ether, 2-ethoxyethyl 2-methoxyethyl, UNII-LF64ICW5Y3, BRN 1698464, Ethylmethylether diethylenglykolu [Czech], Ethylmethylether diethylenglykolu, HISOLVE EDM, Ethane, 1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-2-methoxy-, SCHEMBL94287, DTXSID80883636, CNJRPYFBORAQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N, MFCD01727263, AKOS006275945, DB03508, BS-19010, CS-0136456, D4280, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL, ETHYL METHYL ETHER, NS00042666, F71178, ETHANOL, 2,2'-OXYBIS-, ETHYL METHYL ETHER, P-NITROPHENYL6-DEOXY-ALPHA-L-MANNOPYRANOSIDE, Q27094442.

Diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether is an excellent aprotic polar solvent.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a colorless, clear liquid solvent used in the chemical industry for various applications.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is commonly used as a solvent for resins, dyes, oils, and waxes.

The detection sensitivity of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is very high, making it useful for detecting other substances such as glycol ethers, fatty acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and cross-linking agents.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether may be carcinogenic due to its reactive hydroxyl group and its ability to cross-link DNA.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an organic compound that is commonly used as an industrial solvent.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used as a potential solvent for the separation of aromatic-paraffinic compounds.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dialkyl ethers.
These are organic compounds containing the dialkyl ether functional group, with the formula ROR', where R and R' are alkyl groups.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has low toxicity but can cause irritation to skin and eyes upon direct contact.
Proper safety measures such as wearing gloves and eye protection should be taken when handling this product.
The recommended storage temperature range is between 2°C to 8°C in a well-ventilated area away from heat sources or flames.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether comes in a bottle of 100mL volume and meets high purity standards for use in laboratory research and industrial processes.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether appears as a colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild pleasant odor.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used to make soaps, dyes, and other chemicals.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether has a role as a protic solvent.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a diether, a primary alcohol, a hydroxypolyether and a glycol ether.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is functionally related to a diethylene glycol.
Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether is used in the following products: inks and toners, paper chemicals and dyes, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used for the manufacture of: pulp, paper and paper products.
Other release to the environment of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether, often abbreviated as DEGEMME, is a chemical compound belonging to the family of glycol ethers.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild odor.
The chemical structure of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether involves two ethylene glycol units (diethylene glycol), one ethyl group, and one methyl group.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a water-soluble liquid, boiling point 245 C, and is soluble in many organic solvents.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is produced by the partial hydrolysis of ethylene oxide. Depending on the conditions, varying amounts of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether and related glycols are produced.
The resulting product is two ethylene glycol molecules joined by an ether bond, Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is derived as a co product with ethylene glycol and triethylene glycol.
TCC’s Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used as a dehydrating agent for natural gas; a raw material for the production of plasticizers and polyester resins; a humectant; a textile lubricant and coupling agent; a solvent in textile dyeing and printing; a constituent of hydraulic fluids; a plasticizer for paper, cork and synthetic sponges; a solvent in printing inks; a raw material for the production of esters used as emulsifiers, demulsifiers, and lubricants; and a selective solvent for aromatics in petroleum refining.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is the second member of a homologous series of dihydroxyalcohols.
The markets for DEG products are polyester fibres, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics, coolants in automobile antifreeze, and resins.
The excellent humectant (hygroscopicity) property of Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether also makes it ideal for use in fibres treatment, paper, adhesives, printing inks, leather and cellophane.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is also used for the removal of water from gas streams (dehydration).
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Etheris not flammable, unless preheated.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2CH2)2O.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a colorless, practically odorless, poisonous, and hygroscopic liquid with a sweetish taste.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is miscible in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethylene glycol.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a widely used solvent.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether can be a contaminant in consumer products.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used as a building block in organic synthesis, e.g. of morpholine and 1,4-dioxane.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a solvent for nitrocellulose, resins, dyes, oils, and other organic compounds.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is a humectant for tobacco, cork, printing ink, and glue.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is also a component in brake fluid, lubricants, wallpaper strippers, artificial fog and haze solutions, and heating/cooking fuel.In personal care products (e.g. skin cream and lotions, deodorants), Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is often replaced by selected Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethers.
A dilute solution of Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethercan also be used as a cryoprotectant; however, ethylene glycol is much more commonly used.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is known for its solvent properties, making it suitable for dissolving a variety of substances.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether can be used as a solvent in various applications, including coatings, paints, inks, and cleaning products.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is partially soluble in water, and this property can be advantageous in certain formulations where a combination of water and organic solvents is required.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is commonly used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings and paints.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether helps to improve the application characteristics, viscosity, and drying properties of these products.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether make it useful in the formulation of inks, especially in the printing industry.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether aids in achieving the desired consistency and performance of printing inks.
Due to its solvency characteristics, Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether can be found in certain cleaning products, such as degreasers and industrial cleaners.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether may be used in the formulation of surface coatings, including wood finishes and varnishes, to enhance their application and performance.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether can also serve as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds in the chemical industry.
Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether 's production and use as a high boiling reaction medium, and as a solvent for nitrocellulose, lacquers, resins, and organic syntheses may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams.
If released to air, a vapor pressure of 0.52 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours.

If released to soil, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 39. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure.
Biodegradation of Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is not expected to be an important fate process in soil or water based on biodegradation studies conducted with sewage seed.

If released into water, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc.
Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant.
An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Occupational exposure to Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is produced or used.
Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethervia inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether .
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Etheris considered to be a safe and tolerable pharmaceutical-grade glycol ether when used at 99.9% purity.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether also acts as an intracutaneous depot for multiple drugs to reach different layers of the skin.
The solvent is massively gaining demand in dermatology sector as Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether has the ability to penetrate through the eisoderm of the skin and aid in healing the root cause.
Owing to these factors, Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Ether is anticipated to witness high growth in pharmaceutical and personal care application in near future.

Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Methyl Etheris used in the synthesis of morpholine and 1,4-dioxane.
TEG is displacing Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether in many of these applications on account of its lower toxicity.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether finds use as a vinyl plasticizer, as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyester resins and polyols, and as a solvent in many miscellaneous applications.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is derived as a coproduct in the manufacture of ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide, and from "onpurpose" Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether production using Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether.

Melting point: -72°C
Boiling point: 208.81°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.0100 (rough estimate)
vapor pressure: 2.1Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.4080-1.4120
Flash point: 82°C
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
form: clear liquid
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility: 1000g/L at 20℃
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H16O3/c1-3-9-6-7-10-5-4-8-2/h3-7H2,1-2H3
InChIKey: CNJRPYFBORAQAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C(OCC)COCCOC
LogP: -0.1 at 20℃

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethers are a well-known series of solvents and hydraulic fluids derived from the reaction of ethylene oxide and monoalcohols.
Use of methanol as the alcohol results in a series of mono, di and triethylene glycol methyl ethers.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is an organic compound with the formula HC(OC2H5)3.

This colorless volatile liquid, the orthoester of formic acid, is commercially available.
The industrial synthesis is from hydrogen cyanide and ethanol.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may also be prepared from the reaction of sodium ethoxide, formed in-situ from sodium and absolute ethanol, and chloroform:

CHCl3 + 3 Na + 3 EtOH → HC(OEt)3 + 3⁄2 H2 + 3 NaCl Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Etheris used in the Bodroux-Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis, for example: RMgBr + HC(OC2H5)3 → RC(H)(OC2H5)2 +
MgBr(OC2H5) ; RC(H)(OC2H5)2 + H2O → RCHO + 2 C2H5OH .
In coordination chemistry, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is used to convert metal aquo complexes to the corresponding ethanol complexes: [Ni(H2O)6](BF4)2 + 6 HC(OC2H5)3 → [Ni(C2H5OH)6](BF4)2 + 6 HC(O)(OC2H5) + 6 HOC2H5.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is an excellent reagent for converting compatible carboxylic acids to ethyl esters.

Such carboxylic acids, refluxed neat in excess TEOF until low-boilers cease evolution, are quantitatively converted to the ethyl esters, without need for extraneous catalysis.
Alternatively, added to ordinary esterifications using catalytic acid and ethanol, TEOF helps drive esterification to completion by converting the byproduct water formed to ethanol and ethyl formate.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether are organic compounds in which an oxygen atom is connected to two carbon groups.

Unlike alcohols, ethers are fairly unreactive (except towards combustion)
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether forms explosive peroxides on prolonged exposure to air.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether decomposition products may be sensitive to shock.

The bulk chemical is stable for 2 weeks at temperatures up to 140° F when protected from light.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is also incompatible with strong acids.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may react with peroxides, oxygen, nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethers are a group of solvents based on alkyl ethers of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol commonly used in paints and cleaners.
These solvents typically have a higher boiling point, together with the favorable solvent properties of lower-molecular weight ethers and alcohols.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethers are either "e-series" or "p-series" glycol ethers, depending on whether they are made from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, respectively.
Typically, e-series glycol ethers are found in pharmaceuticals, sunscreens, cosmetics, inks, dyes and water-based paints, while p-series glycol ethers are used in degreasers, cleaners, aerosol paints and adhesives.
Both E-series glycol ethers and P-series glycol ethers can be used as intermediates that undergo further chemical reactions, producing glycol diethers and glycol ether acetates.

P-series glycol ethers are marketed as having lower toxicity than the E-series.
Most glycol ethers are water-soluble, biodegradable and only a few are considered toxic.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is used in articles, in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Release to the environment of Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether can occur from industrial use, manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Other release to the environment of Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether is likely to occur from: indoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).
Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles.

Diethylene Glycol Diethyl Ether can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and polymers.

Uses:
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is frequently used as a solvent in the formulation of paints and coatings.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether helps dissolve and disperse the components of the formulation, contributing to the application properties and performance of the final coating.
In the printing industry, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether serves as a solvent and a component in the formulation of inks.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether contributes to the ink's viscosity, drying time, and printability.
Due to its solvency and compatibility with various resins, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether helps improve the application and bonding characteristics of these products.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether's solvency makes it suitable for use in certain cleaning products, including surface cleaners and degreasers.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether aids in the removal of dirt, grease, and other contaminants.
Industrial cleaners, especially those used for equipment and machinery, may contain Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether as a solvent for effective cleaning and degreasing.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is utilized in the formulation of wood finishes and varnishes to enhance their application properties and contribute to the development of a durable and smooth finish.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether can serve as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds in the chemical industry, contributing to the production of various specialty chemicals.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is sometimes used in the electronics industry, particularly in the manufacturing of semiconductors and electronic components, where precise cleaning and compatibility with materials are crucial.

In addition to its use in paints, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is employed in surface coatings and primers to enhance adhesion, wetting, and film formation.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used in the formulation of metalworking fluids and cutting oils, where it contributes to the lubricating and cooling properties of the fluids used in machining processes.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether can be found in formulations for automotive products such as coatings, paints, and cleaning agents, contributing to the aesthetics and maintenance of automotive surfaces.

In certain formulations, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used in hydraulic fluids to improve solubility and stability, ensuring the proper functioning of hydraulic systems.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may find applications in the leather industry, where it can be used in formulations for leather coatings and finishes.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is solvency properties can contribute to achieving desired characteristics in leather products.

In the textile industry, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used in the formulation of textile dyes and finishes.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is solubility and compatibility with various chemicals make it valuable for certain processes in textile production.
Some cosmetic and personal care products, such as hair care and skin care formulations, may contain Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether as an ingredient.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ethers solvency and stability characteristics can contribute to the formulation of certain cosmetic products.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is employed as a component in degreasing agents, which are used in various industrial settings for the removal of oils and greases from surfaces.
Due to its suitability for ink formulations, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is utilized in gravure and flexographic printing processes, contributing to the production of packaging materials, labels, and other printed materials.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used in certain formulations within the electroplating industry, where precise cleaning and compatibility with metal surfaces are important.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether can be found in some aerosol formulations, such as spray paints and cleaners, where its properties contribute to the proper dispersion and application of the product.
In polymer processing, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be utilized as a solvent or processing aid in the production of certain polymers and resin-based materials.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used as a component in fuel additives, where its properties contribute to the effectiveness of the additive in improving fuel characteristics.
Its solvency makes Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether suitable for inclusion in metal cleaning and polishing compounds, contributing to the removal of tarnish and stains from metal surfaces.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether can be found in certain ink formulations used in inkjet printing, where it contributes to the stability and performance of the ink.

In the construction industry, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used in formulations for concrete coatings and sealers, contributing to the protection and aesthetic enhancement of concrete surfaces.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be included in flux removers used in soldering and electronics manufacturing to clean and remove flux residues from electronic components.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be included in formulations for graffiti removers, contributing to the effective removal of paint or ink from various surfaces.

Due to its solvency and compatibility, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used in formulations for anti-fogging agents, particularly in products designed for eyewear or transparent surfaces.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether can be utilized as a component in the formulation of certain lubricant additives, contributing to improved lubrication and stability.
In the agricultural sector, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether might find use in formulations for certain pesticide products, where its solvency and stability properties are advantageous.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be employed in the dispersion of resins in certain formulations, aiding in achieving a homogeneous mixture in the production of coatings and adhesives.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be utilized in formulations for textile printing, contributing to the development of inks that adhere well to fabrics and provide vibrant prints.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether could be used in the dyeing industry to assist in the dispersion and application of dyes to various materials.

In metalworking processes, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be used as a component in formulations for metal degreasing agents, helping to prepare surfaces for subsequent treatments.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may find application in the formulation of floor polishes and waxes, contributing to the ease of application and the glossy finish of treated surfaces.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether can be included in formulations for furniture polishes to enhance the cleaning and shine properties of the product.

In the rubber industry, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether might be used in certain formulations for rubber processing or as a component in rubber adhesives.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be utilized in the formulation of certain firefighting foams, contributing to the stability and effectiveness of the foam.
In the formulation of certain insect repellents, Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may be included as a component for solubilizing active ingredients.

Safety Profile:
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether may cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, to minimize the risk of skin or eye exposure.
Inhalation of vapor or mist from Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether should be avoided.

Prolonged or high-level exposure to vapors may cause respiratory irritation.
Adequate ventilation and, if necessary, the use of respiratory protection should be considered in areas where Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is handled.
Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is not intended, and it can be harmful if swallowed.

Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether is essential to exercise caution to prevent accidental ingestion.
In case of ingestion, seeking medical attention is advisable.

Some individuals may develop sensitivities or allergic reactions to Diethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether.
Skin patch tests should be conducted to assess potential sensitization in individuals who may come into contact with the substance.


DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER
3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol; Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether; DEG; 2,2'-Oxydiethanol; Diglycol; Dihydroxydiethyl ether; 2,2'-Dihydroxyethyl ether; Ethylene diglycol; 2,2'-Oxybisethanol; 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethanol; cas no: 111-46-6
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (CARBITOL)
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol), also known under many trade names, is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is a colorless liquid.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is a popular solvent for commercial applications.

CAS: 111-90-0
MF: C6H14O3
MW: 134.17
EINECS: 203-919-7

Synonyms
2,2’-oxybis-ethanomonoethylether;-2-Ethoxyethoxy;3,6-Dioxa-1-octanol;3,6-Dioxa-1-oktanol;3,6-Dioxaoctan-1-ol;3-Oxapentane-1,5-diolethylether;aethyldiaethylenglycol;Carbitol cellosolve;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether;2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;111-90-0;CARBITOL;Transcutol;Ethoxydiglycol;2(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;Ethoxy diglycol;Ethyl carbitol;Dioxitol;Ethyl digol;Carbitol solvent;Transcutol P;Ethanol, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-;Solvolsol;Losungsmittel apv;Dowanol DE;Diethylene glycol ethyl ether;Carbitol cellosolve;Diglycol monoethyl ether;DEGMEE;Ektasolve DE;Ethyl diethylene glycol;3,6-Dioxa-1-octanol;Dowanol 17;Karbitol;2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy) ethanol;Diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether;Ethylene diglycol monoethyl ether;Monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol;3,6-Dioxa-1-oktanol;Aethyldiaethylenglycol;HSDB 51;2-(Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;O-Ethyldigol;Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, monoethyl ether;EINECS 203-919-7;UNII-A1A1I8X02B;NSC 408451;PM 1799;BRN 1736441;A1A1I8X02B;DTXSID2021941;CHEBI:40572;AI3-01740;3,6-Dioxaoctan-1-ol;NSC-408451;1-Hydroxy-3,6-dioxaoctane;DTXCID501941;EC 203-919-7;MFCD00002872;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether [NF;Karbitol [Czech];149818-01-9;2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-ethanol;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (NF);Acetamide, N-5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-3-pyrrolidinyl-, monohydrochloride, 3S-3.alpha.,4.beta;AE3;CAS-111-90-0;Aethyldiaethylenglycol [German];DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (II);DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER [II];3,6-Dioxa-1-oktanol [Czech];DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (USP-RS);DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER [USP-RS];DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER (EP MONOGRAPH);DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER [EP MONOGRAPH];Ethyldiglycol;Ethyldigol;Diethoxol;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethan-1-ol;Eastman DE;Ethyl Di-Icinol;DEGEE;(Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;2-(2ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;PEG-3EO;3, 6-Dioxa-1-octanol;CARBITOL SOLVENT;LOW;diethyleneglycolmonoethylether;ETHYLDIETHYLENE GLYCOL;2-(2'-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;SCHEMBL16399;2-(beta-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;diethyleneglycol monoethylether;WLN: Q2O2O2;2-(2-ethoxy-ethoxy)-ethanol;Di(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether;2-(.beta.-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol;2-(2-ETHOXY) ETHANOL;CHEMBL1230841;diethylene glycol-monoethyl ether;Polyethylene glycol-3-ethoxylate;Tox21_200413;Tox21_300080;Ethanol,2'-oxybis-, monoethyl ether;NSC408451;STL453580;AKOS009031390;1ST2599;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ESTER;Ehanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, monoethyl ether;NCGC00247898-01;NCGC00247898-02;NCGC00254003-01;NCGC00257967-01;Di(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether, >=99%;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, >=99%;CS-0015134;E0048;NS00004749
;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER [MI];EN300-19319;1ST2599-1000;D08904;D7250;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER [HSDB];A802441;DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER [WHO-DD];Q416399;J-505606;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ReagentPlus(R), 99%;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Solution in Methanol, 1000mug/mL;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%;Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is produced by the ethoxylation of ethanol (CH3CH2OH).
A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.
A colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild pleasant odor.
Flash point near 190°F.
Used to make soaps, dyes, and other chemicals.

Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -80 °C
Boiling point: 202 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.999 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 4.63 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.12 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.427(lit.)
Fp: 205 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility water: soluble
Form: Liquid
pka: 14.37±0.10(Predicted)
Color: Clear colorless
Odor: Weakly fruity; mild and characteristic.
Explosive limit: 1.8-12.2%(V)
Water Solubility: Miscible
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,1800
BRN: 1736441
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Note wide explosion limits.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey: XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.54 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 111-90-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) (111-90-0)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) (111-90-0)

Reactivity Profile
Mixing Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid and oleum, NFPA 1991.

Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is a colorless, stable, hygroscopic liquid of a mild, pleasant odor.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is completely miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, ketones, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, and halogenated hydrocarbons.
Owing to the fact that Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) contains an ether-alcohol-hydrocarbon group in the molecule, it has the power to dissolve a wide variety of substances such as oils, fats, waxes, dyes, camphor and natural resins like copal resin, kauri, mastic, rosin, sandarac, shellac, as well as several types of synthetic resins.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is used as a solvent in synthetic resin coating compositions, and in lacquers, where high-boiling solvents are desired.

Uses
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) has low setting point and low viscocity at low temperature so it is used in manufacturing brake fluid.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is used as a flow and gloss promoter in paint industries, in production of printing ink and as a cleaner in offset printing.
Also used in textile as a solvent for dyestuff in the printing and dying of fiber & fabrics, in the production & wood preservaties.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is suitable for use as solvent for the polymer electrospinning.
Usually used as solvent for the polymer electrospinning.

Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is a solvent for dyes, nitrocellulose, paints, inks, and resins.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is a component of wood stains for wood, for setting the twist and conditioning yarns and cloth, in textile printing, textile soaps, lacquers, penetration enhancer in cosmetics, drying varnishes and enamels, and brake fluids.
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is used to determine the saponification values of oils and as a neutral solvent for mineral oil-soap and mineral oil-sulfated oil mixtures (giving fine dispersions in water).
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Carbitol) is also widely used as a solvent in a number of cosmetics and personal care products, including face cream, deodorant, makeup, hair dye, and sunless tanner.
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOHEXYL ETHER (DEGME)

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, often abbreviated as DEGME, is a chemical compound belonging to the family of glycol ethers.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is a clear and colorless liquid with a mild odor.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is used in various industrial applications due to its solvent properties, making it effective in formulations for paints, coatings, inks, and cleaning products.

CAS Number: 112-59-4
EC (European Community) Number: 203-976-8
Chemical Formula: C10H22O4 or CH3O(CH2)5O(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH
Molecular Weight: Approximately 206.28 g/mol

Diethylene glycol hexyl ether, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexanoate, Hexyl CARBITOL™, DEGME, Hexyl diethylene glycol ether, Hexyl carbitol, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ether, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl caproate, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl n-hexanoate, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ester, Hexyl diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, Diethylene glycol hexyl ester, Hexyl diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl acetate, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl caproate, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl n-hexanoate, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ester, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ether, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ester, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ether, 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethyl hexyl ester



APPLICATIONS


Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) finds extensive application as a solvent in the formulation of paints, enabling the dispersion of pigments and resins.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) serves as a vital component in the production of coatings, contributing to the enhancement of film quality and durability.
In the ink industry, DEGME is utilized for its solvency properties, aiding in the stable formulation of inks and dyes.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s effectiveness as a coalescing agent makes it valuable in the creation of water-based paints, ensuring proper film formation.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is employed as a cleaning agent in various industrial and household products, excelling in degreasing and removing contaminants.
Its role in certain paint strippers is attributed to its ability to break down and facilitate the removal of coatings and finishes.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) acts as a powerful degreasing agent, making it suitable for applications where the removal of oily substances is essential.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is recognized for its compatibility with a variety of materials, making it versatile in different formulations.
In the creation of adhesives and sealants, DEGME's compatibility and solvency properties contribute to the formulation's effectiveness.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s use in cleaning solutions extends to its capacity for removing stubborn residues and contaminants from surfaces.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s clear and colorless appearance makes it ideal for applications requiring visual clarity, such as transparent coatings.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is incorporated into certain formulations as a plasticizer and modifier due to its role as a diethylene glycol hexyl ester.
Its use in industrial processes as a reliable solvent emphasizes its versatility and effectiveness in various applications.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is employed for its solvency in both water-based and solvent-based formulations.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s hydrophobic and hydrophilic balance, characteristic of a hexyl ether, contributes to its versatility in different formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s mild odor makes it suitable for formulations where minimal or no fragrance is desired, such as certain cleaning products.
In specialty applications, Hexyl diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, a derivative of DEGME, is recognized for its unique properties.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s compatibility with various materials makes it a valuable component in the development of adhesives and sealants.
Its solubility in water enhances its suitability for formulations requiring water miscibility, expanding its range of applications.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is employed as a degreasing agent in applications where the removal of stubborn residues and contaminants is crucial.
Its inclusion in certain formulations aligns with its role in breaking down and facilitating the removal of layers, such as in paint strippers.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) serves as a coalescing agent in formulations where uniform film formation is essential, ensuring quality and performance.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s application in the creation of environmentally friendly and high-performance industrial products remains significant.
In the production of transparent coatings, DEGME is valued for its clear and colorless properties, contributing to visual appeal.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s solvency properties make it indispensable in the formulation of inks, coatings, and cleaning solutions across various industries.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is employed as a viscosity modifier in certain formulations, influencing the thickness and flow characteristics of the end product.
In the manufacturing of printing inks, DEGME contributes to the stability and consistency of color formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s role as a film-forming agent in coatings makes it valuable in the production of protective and decorative finishes.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is utilized in the creation of specialty cleaning products, offering superior degreasing capabilities in industrial settings.

As a co-solvent in pesticide formulations, DEGME enhances the dispersion and effectiveness of active ingredients.
In the electronics industry, DEGME is used in the formulation of cleaning solutions for delicate electronic components and circuit boards.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s solvency properties make it suitable for the formulation of varnishes and lacquers, contributing to their application and durability.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s compatibility with various resins makes it an essential component in the production of adhesive formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is employed in the formulation of wood finishes and stains, providing effective penetration and color enhancement.
Its use in automotive refinishing applications extends to paint formulations, where it aids in achieving high-quality and durable coatings.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) serves as a coupling agent in certain formulations, enhancing the compatibility of diverse ingredients.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is utilized in the formulation of industrial and institutional cleaners, ensuring effective removal of contaminants.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s inclusion in certain hydraulic fluids contributes to their lubricating properties and overall performance.

As a component in metalworking fluids, DEGME aids in cooling and lubrication during machining processes.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is employed in the formulation of conveyor belt lubricants, ensuring smooth operation and longevity of the belts.
Its use in specialty cleaning products extends to applications in the maintenance and cleaning of machinery and equipment.

In the creation of household cleaning products, DEGME contributes to their effectiveness in removing stains and dirt.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is utilized in the formulation of rust removers, assisting in the removal of rust and corrosion from metal surfaces.

Its role in the production of degassing agents contributes to their efficiency in removing air bubbles from various formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s solvency properties make it suitable for use in the formulation of certain personal care products, such as hand sanitizers.
In the leather industry, DEGME is employed in the formulation of leather finishing products, contributing to texture and appearance.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is used in the production of lubricity improvers, enhancing the lubricating properties of various formulations.

Its compatibility with certain elastomers makes DEGME valuable in the formulation of rubber products.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) serves as an effective component in the creation of ink removers and cleaning solutions for printing equipment.
In the textile industry, DEGME is utilized in dyeing processes, aiding in the dispersion and fixation of dyes on fabrics.



DESCRIPTION


Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, often abbreviated as DEGME, is a chemical compound belonging to the family of glycol ethers.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is a clear and colorless liquid with a mild odor.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is used in various industrial applications due to its solvent properties, making it effective in formulations for paints, coatings, inks, and cleaning products.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, commonly known as DEGME, is a clear and colorless liquid with a faint, characteristic odor.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) exhibits excellent solvency properties, making it a versatile component in various industrial formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is valued for its role as a solvent in the production of paints, coatings, and inks, where it aids in the dispersion of pigments and resins.
With its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances, DEGME is an effective ingredient in cleaning products, contributing to their degreasing and cleaning capabilities.

As a coalescing agent in paint formulations, DEGME facilitates the formation of a continuous film, improving the overall quality and durability of the coating.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s viscosity-modifying properties make it valuable in formulations where the thickness or flow characteristics of the product need adjustment.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is often used in the creation of industrial and household products, leveraging its solvent strength for effective performance.

In cleaning solutions, DEGME's solvency aids in removing greases, oils, and contaminants from various surfaces.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) serves as an essential ingredient in certain paint strippers, enhancing their efficacy in removing coatings and finishes.
Due to its ability to dissolve in water, DEGME is considered a versatile solvent in both water-based and solvent-based formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is recognized for its compatibility with a range of materials, making it suitable for diverse applications.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s role as a diethylene glycol hexyl ester contributes to its effectiveness as a plasticizer and modifier in certain formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s use in inks and dyes is attributed to its ability to maintain stability and consistency in color formulations.
In the creation of cleaning solutions, DEGME acts as a powerful agent for removing stubborn residues and contaminants from surfaces.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is acknowledged for its effectiveness in industrial processes requiring a reliable solvent.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) may be incorporated as a degreasing agent in certain formulations due to its capacity to break down and remove oily substances.
With its clear and colorless appearance, DEGME is ideal for applications where visual clarity is essential, such as in transparent coatings.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) is recognized for its use in specialty applications that benefit from its unique properties.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s mild odor is advantageous in formulations where minimal or no fragrance is desired, such as in certain cleaning products.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) demonstrates a balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics, contributing to its versatility in different formulations.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s inclusion in certain paint stripper formulations aligns with its role in breaking down and facilitating the removal of paint layers.
In formulations where film formation is critical, DEGME serves as an effective coalescing agent, ensuring a uniform and durable film.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s compatibility with various materials makes it a valuable component in the creation of adhesives and sealants.

Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME)'s solubility in water enhances its suitability for formulations that require water miscibility, broadening its range of applications.
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (DEGME) continues to be a key ingredient in the development of environmentally friendly and high-performance industrial products.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Clear and colorless liquid
Odor: Faint, characteristic odor
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Not readily available (typically liquid at room temperature)
Boiling Point: Approximately 263-268°C (505-514°F)
Density: Approximately 0.90 g/cm³ at 20°C (68°F)
Solubility in Water: Miscible with water
Vapor Pressure: Approximately 0.025 mmHg at 20°C (68°F)
Vapor Density: ~7 (Air = 1)


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C10H22O4
Molecular Weight: Approximately 206.28 g/mol
CAS Number: 112-59-4
EC Number: 203-976-8
Chemical Structure: CH3O(CH2)5O(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH


Miscellaneous Properties:

Flash Point: Not readily available (use caution as a flammable liquid)
Autoignition Temperature: Not readily available
Flammability Limits: Not readily available
pH: Not applicable (typically considered neutral)
Refractive Index: Not readily available
Surface Tension: Not readily available
Viscosity: Not readily available
Hydrophilic/Lipophilic Balance (HLB): Not readily available
Heat of Combustion: Not readily available



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen.
Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists or if there are signs of respiratory distress.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation or redness develops, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be laundered before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently but thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious and able to swallow, provide small sips of water.


First Aid for First Responders:

Ensure that appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn before attempting to assist someone exposed to DEGME.
Move the exposed person to fresh air if inhalation is a concern.
Use protective gloves and eyewear when handling or assisting someone exposed to DEGME.
In case of skin contact, follow the above-mentioned skin contact first aid measures.
In case of eye contact, follow the above-mentioned eye contact first aid measures.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Wear respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate and exposure limits are exceeded.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas to prevent the buildup of vapors.
Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to maintain airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid skin and eye contact.
In case of contact, follow first aid measures outlined in the Safety Data Sheet.
Avoid inhalation of vapors.
Use respiratory protection if necessary.

Work Practices:
Implement good industrial hygiene practices, including regular hand washing and avoiding unnecessary exposure.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where DEGME is handled.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Implement spill control measures to prevent the spread of DEGME.
Use absorbent materials to contain and clean up spills.
Dispose of contaminated materials properly.

Storage Compatibility:
Store DEGME away from incompatible materials such as strong acids, strong bases, and strong oxidizing agents.
Check compatibility with storage containers and equipment to avoid adverse reactions.

Handling Containers:
Use containers made of materials compatible with DEGME, such as stainless steel, aluminum, or high-density polyethylene.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent evaporation and contamination.


Storage:

Storage Location:
Store DEGME in a cool, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Store away from incompatible materials and potential sources of ignition.

Temperature:
Store at ambient temperatures.
Avoid extremes of temperature that could lead to decomposition or other adverse reactions.

Ventilation:
Ensure storage areas are adequately ventilated to prevent the buildup of vapors.
Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary.

Segregation:
Segregate DEGME from incompatible substances and store in designated areas.

Fire Prevention:
Take precautions to prevent static discharges.
Use bonding and grounding when transferring liquids.
Keep storage areas free from ignition sources and open flames.

Monitoring:
Regularly monitor storage conditions, including temperature, to ensure they remain within recommended ranges.

Emergency Planning:
Have an emergency response plan in place, including procedures for spills, leaks, and accidental releases.

Labeling:
Ensure that containers are properly labeled with the chemical name, hazard information, and safety precautions.

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-N-HEXYL ETHER
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has the property of slow evaporation.
Furthermore, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has excellent resolution characteristics.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is usually produced by reaction of ethylene oxide with the appropriate alcohol.

Cas Number: 112-59-4
EC Number: 203-988-3
Molecular Formula: C6H13(OCH2CH2)2OH



APPLICATIONS


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether acts as a slow evaporating solvent.
Moreover, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether provides good flow and leveling.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether offers greater solubility with water.
Besides, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether promotes uniform diffusion, eliminates solvent-pop and air entrapment.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether reduces minimum film forming temperature.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether functions as a coalescing aid in waterborne emulsion or dispersion coatings and is used in cleaners to remove greasy soils.
In addition, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is also used in metal deco inks.


Uses of Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether:

Cosmetics
Cleaners
Textiles
Waterborne coatings
Cleaning
Printing inks
Silk-screen process
Metal-deco inks


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether enhances brushability and roll application in high performance coatings.
More to that, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used as coalescing aid in waterborne emulsion or dispersion coatings, and in metaldeco inks.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether removes oily (water-insoluble) dirt
Further to that, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has a high boiling point.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a solvent with a slow evaporation rate.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether contains both ether and alcohol functional groups in the same molecule.
Additionally, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether provides unmatched cleaning power to remove dirt.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has limited miscibility with water.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a water-white liquid.
Furthermore, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used in paint or stain related products.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is also used in Water-based home improvement paints.
Moreover, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used as a solvent for coatings and degreasing.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether displays a strong hydrocarbon type solvency.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a slow evaporating solvent that partitions primarily into the polymer phase of a waterborne coating and reduces minimum filming temperature.
Besides, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether can be used with associative thickeners to enhance application properties such as brushability or roll application in high performance coatings.

The slow evaporation and excellent solvency characteristics of Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether contribute good flow and leveling to high solids coatings during the drying/curing cycle.
This allows uniform diffusion of the solvent through the film and maximizes appearance and film properties by reducing the occurrence of defects due to solvent-pop and air entrapment.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether provides good flow in high solids coatings.
In addition, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether ensures uniform distribution of solvent throughout the film.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether maximizes appearance and film properties.
More to that, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used as a coupling aid in water-based emulsions.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is found in the structure of cleaners used to remove oily dirt.
Further to that, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has strong hydrocarbon type solvency.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether offers greater resolution with Water.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether lowers the minimum film forming temperature.
Additionally, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used as a bonding aid in metal deco inks.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is water soluble.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a clear, mobile, neutral, slightly hygroscopic liquid with a mild odor.
Furthermore, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is miscible with all common solvents, e. g. alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, ethers, glycols and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether's miscibility with water, however, is limited.
Moreover, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether enters into the typical reactions of alcohols, e. g. esterification, etherification, oxidation and the formation of alcoholates.


Benefits of Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether:

Excellent solvency
Great chemical stability
Compatible with water and a number of organic solvents
Low vapor pressure addressing VOC concerns
Excellent coalescing aid in waterborne emulsion or dispersion coatings
Limited water-solubility and slow evaporation
Provides good flow and levelling
Removes both water-soluble and greasy (water-insoluble) soils


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a high boiling point, slow evaporating rate solvent with excellent solvency characteristics.
Besides, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has the characteristic structure of glycol ethers and contains both ether and alcohol functional groups in the same molecule.
As a result, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether provides unique cleaning power for removal of both water-soluble and greasy (water insoluble) soils.


Applications of Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether:

Coalescing aid in waterborne emulsion or dispersion coatings
Cleaners for removal of greasy soils
Metal deco inks


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether has a water-white color.
In addition, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is found in products used to remove stains.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used in water-based paints.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used in customized products for coatings.
More to that, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used as a solvent for degreasing.
Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether shows a strong hydrocarbon type solubility.


Spesific Uses of Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether:

Paint or stain related products
Water-based home improvement paints
Power steering fluids, transmission fluids, brake fluids, fuel injector cleaners, gas treatments, or leak stoppers
Metal Degreasing
Painting (Solvents)
High-boiling solvent
Cleaning agent
Solvent
Flow promoter


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is used as a solvent for coatings and degreasing.



DESCRIPTION


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a water-white liquid.


Features of Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether:

Strong hydrocarbon-type solvency
Slow evaporation rate
Promotes uniform diffusion, eliminates solvent-pop and air entrapment


Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a slow evaporating solvent that partitions primarily into the polymer phase of awaterborne coating and reduces minimum filming temperature.
Further to that, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether can be used with associative thickeners to enhance application properties such as brushability or roll application in high performance coatings.

Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether is a slow evaporating solvent.
Additionally, Diethylene Glycol Mono-n-Hexyl Ether can be used with Unifying thickeners.

The glycol monoethers can be converted to diethers by alkylation with common alkylating agents, such as dimethyl sulfate or alkyl halides ( Williamson synthesis).
Glycol dimethyl ethers are formed by treatment of dimethyl ether with ethylene oxide.



PROPERTIES


Molecular Weight: 190.28
XLogP3: 1.7
Exact Mass: 190.15689456
Monoisotopic Mass: 190.15689456
Topological Polar Surface Area: 38.7 Ų
Physical Description: water-white liquid
Color: Water-white
Form: liquid
Boiling Point: 260.0 °C
Melting Point: -28 °C
Flash Point: 140.6 °C
Solubility: 0.09 M
Density: 0.9346
Viscosity: 8.6 cP
Surface Tension: 29.6 dynes/cm
Chemical Classes: Solvents -> Glycol Ethers (E Series)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 10
Exact Mass: 190.15689456
Monoisotopic Mass: 190.15689456
Topological Polar Surface Area: 38.7 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 86.2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: mild
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: -41 - -39 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 260 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 6,3 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1,1 %(V)
Flash point: 123 °C
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 5 - 7 at 200 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 8,0 mPa.s at 20 °C
Water solubility: 17 g/l at 20 °C
Vapor pressure:
< 0,01 hPa at 20 °C
13 hPa at 134 °C
Density: 0,93 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none



FIRST AID


Get medical attention.


Inhalation:

Fresh air, rest.
Remove to fresh air.
If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.


Eyes:

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Flush with water for at least 15 min., lifting lids occasionally.


Skin:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash with soap and water.
Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.


Ingestion:

Rinse mouth.
Give one or two glasses of water to drink.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Safe Storage:

Separated from strong oxidants.


Inhalation Risk:

A harmful contamination of the air will not or will only very slowly be reached on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.


Effects of Short Term Exposure:

The substance is severely irritating to the eyes.
The substance is irritating to the skin.


Storage conditions:

Tightly closed.
Recommended storage temperature see product label.


Storage class:

Storage class (TRGS 510): 10: Combustible liquids


Specific end use(s):

Apart from the uses mentioned above no other specific uses are stipulated



SYNONYMS


2-((2-Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol
3,6-Dioxadodecanol-1
Diethylene glycol hexyl ether
Diethylene glycol mono(n-hexyl) ether
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether
Diethylene glycol n-hexyl ether
Ethanol, 2-((2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
Ethanol, 2-(2-(2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
Hexol carbitol
Hexyl carbitol
Hexylkarbitol [Czech]
n-Hexoxyethoxyethanol
n-Hexyl carbitol
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether
112-59-4
2-(2-Hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol
Hexol carbitol
Hexyl carbitol
n-Hexyl carbitol
2-(2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol
n-Hexoxyethoxyethanol
2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethanol
3,6-Dioxadodecanol-1
Diethylene glycol n-hexyl ether
Hexylkarbitol
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL HEXYL ETHER
Ethanol, 2-[2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy]-
Diethylene glycol mono(n-hexyl) ether
Ethanol, 2-((2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
NSC 403666
2-[2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy]ethanol
3,6-Dioxa-1-dodecanol
Diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether
Ethanol, 2-(2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
Z6X09N6YJL
NSC-403666
2-propanol,1-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]-
DSSTox_CID_6921
DSSTox_RID_78254
DSSTox_GSID_26921
Hexylkarbitol [Czech]
C6E2
Ethanol, 2-[(2-hexyloxy)ethoxy]-
CAS-112-59-4
Di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether
2-((2-Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol
HSDB 5571
EINECS 203-988-3
UNII-Z6X09N6YJL
Ethanol, 2-(2-(2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
BRN 1743959
diethyleneglycolmonohexylether
AI3-00301
CCRIS 8863
Ucar Filmer EHC
MFCD00010703
DEGHE
EC 203-988-3
SCHEMBL24452
4-01-00-02396 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
WLN: Q2O2O6
2-(2-hexyloxy-ethoxy)-ethanol
CHEMBL2131110
DTXSID4026921
GZMAAYIALGURDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-
ZINC1596061
Tox21_202146
Tox21_303108
NSC403666
AKOS015903580
Di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether, 95%
Di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether, 97%
SB83835
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, 96%
NCGC00164133-01
NCGC00164133-02
NCGC00257046-01
NCGC00259695-01
BS-42440
DB-041101
D0501
FT-0624899
2-((2-HEXYLOXY)ETHOXY)ETHANOL [HSDB]
F71191
J-002799
Q27295083
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, purum, >=95.0% (GC)
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether
112-59-4
2-(2-Hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol
Hexol carbitol
Hexyl carbitol
2-(2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol
n-Hexyl carbitol
2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethanol
n-Hexoxyethoxyethanol
3,6-Dioxadodecanol-1
Hexylkarbitol
Ethanol, 2-[2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy]-
Diethylene glycol n-hexyl ether
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL HEXYL ETHER
Diethylene glycol mono(n-hexyl) ether
NSC 403666
2-[2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy]ethanol
Diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether
Ethanol, 2-((2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
Ethanol, 2-(2-(hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
Hexylkarbitol [Czech]
Ethanol, 2-[(2-hexyloxy)ethoxy]-
CAS-112-59-4
Di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether
2-((2-Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol
EINECS 203-988-3
Ethanol, 2-(2-(2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
diethyleneglycolmonohexylether
3,6-Dioxa-1-dodecanol
EC 203-988-3
SCHEMBL24452
4-01-00-02396
2-(2-hexyloxy-ethoxy)-ethanol
Di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether, 95%
Di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether, 97%
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, 96%
2-propanol,1-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]-
Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether
di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether
diethylene glycol hexyl ether
diethylene glycol mono(N-hexyl) ether
diethylene glycol monohexyl ether
diethylene glycol N-hexyl ether
Hexyl Glycol
Ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether
2-hexoxy-1-ethanol
2-hexyloxyethanol
2-(Hexyloxy)ethanol
2-hexyloxyethanol; ethylene glycol monohexyl ether; Hexyl cellosolve
Cellosolve, n-hexyl-
Ethanol, 2-hexyloxy-
Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether
Ethylene glycol n-hexyl ether
Ethylene glycol-n-monohexyl ether
Glycol monohexyl ether
Hexyl cellosolve
n-Hexyl cellosolve
Hexyl cellosolve
ethanol, 2-((2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
ethanol, 2-(2-(2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)-
hexol carbitol
2-(2-hexoxyethoxy)ethanol
N-hexoxyethoxyethanol
N-hexyl carbitol
2-((2-hexyl oxy)ethoxy)ethanol
2-((2-hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol
DIETHYLENE OXIMIDE (MORPHOLINE)
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine)'s molecular formula is C4H9NO
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is widely used in organic synthesis.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is commonly used for the synthesis of enamines.


CAS NUMBER: 110-91-8

EC NUMBER: 203-815-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C4H9NO

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 87.12 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: morpholine



Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is generally suitable for common industrial uses or for research purposes but typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is acolourless

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is less dense than water
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is soluble in water

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is hygroscopic and versatile organic liquid
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) can utilized as pharma chemicals and antioxidants for lubricating oils.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) can be used as emulsifiers in waxes and polishes processing industries.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is commonly used to generate enamines.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is widely used in organic synthesis.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used in the following products:
*Adhesives and sealants
*Coating products
*Inks and toners
*Anti-freeze products
*Biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products)
*Fuels
*Photo-chemicals
*Polishes and waxes
*Washing & cleaning products
*Paper chemicals
*Dyes

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine), an organic compound with both amine and ether groups, obtained by dehydrating diethanolamine with sulphuric acid.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) can be adapted to many different activities for many important applications.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) appears as a colorless liquid
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) has a fishlike odor

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine)'s flash point is 100 °F.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is corrosive to tissue.


USAGE AREAS:
*Organic Synthesis:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is commonly used for the synthesis of enamines.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is an important ingredient to produce linezolid, which is an antibiotic used for treating infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine.
For this reason, Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) forms a stable chloramine.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is also used in gefitinib, a cancer drug.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is also used in the analgesic dextromoramide.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) salts such as morpholine hydrochloride are used for the organic synthesis of intermediates.

*Additives and Catalysts:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used as an additive for adjusting pH in nuclear power plant steam systems and fossil fuels.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is also used for corrosion protection of boiler water stream systems in chemical plants.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used for the preparation of alumina catalysts.
They are prepared in the form of a gelling agent for the treatment of hydrocarbons.

*Metal Corrosion Inhibitors:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used as a corrosion inhibitor for metals such as copper, iron, lead, zinc and other metals.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is widely used in areas such as automobiles, mechanical instruments and medical equipment.

*Agriculture:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) in the form of a chemical emulsifier is used for the protection of fruits.
This is achieved through the process of waxing, where a wax layer is applied onto the fruits.

This coating protects fruits from insects and fungal infestation.
Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors are the derivatives of Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine), which are used as fungicides in cereals.
Some of the Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) based fungicides used on cereal crops are amorolfine, fenpropimorph and tridemorph.

*Manufacturing:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used in the manufacture of paper, glass, soap, detergent, dye and synthetic fibre.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used to manufacture analysis reagents for nitrogen determination.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) also finds applications in pharmaceuticals, tanning, textiles, household care and ceramics industries.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used as a boiler water treatment additive in steam systems of power plants and refineries.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) forms an even wax like coating as morpholine oleate.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) prevents decomposition of a chlorinated hydrocarbon in a composition containing the chlorinated hydrocarbon and a large amount of water.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile boiler water treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.

*Rubber Industry:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is widely used as an intermediate in the rubber industry to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as DTOS, MDS and NOBS.
Over 50% of the demand for Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is from rubber vulcanization accelerators, and about 30% of rubber vulcanization accelerators are used for NOBS.


Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is an organic chemical compound
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine)'s chemical formula is O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a very good pH adjuster which is very effective for nuclear power plants.
One more reason for it to be used is because of its rate of vapourization which is quiet similar to water; so what happens is when it is added to water, it disperses accordingly in water in both of its liquid and vapour phases.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) can also be used as an ingredient in fungicides and bactericides.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.
For example, treating Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 87.12 g/mol

-XLogP3: -0.9

-Exact Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 21.3Ų

-Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a fishlike odor

-Color: Colorless

-Form: Liquid

-Odor: Weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor

-Boiling Point: 128 °C

-Melting Point: -4.8 °C

-Flash Point: 38 °C

-Solubility in water: miscible

-Density: 1.007

-Vapor Density: 3

-Vapor Pressure: 10.1 mmHg

-Autoignition Temperature: 310 °C

-Viscosity: 2.23 cP

-Surface Tension: 37.5 dynes/cm

-Ionization Potential: 8.88 eV

-Refractive Index: 1.4540


Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a six membered heterocyclic compound and this heterocyclic structure features both amine and either functional groups and an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)NH
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) derivatives plays an important role in the treatment such as antibacterials, anticancers, antimalarials, antitussives, anticonvulsants and analgesics

The Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) chemical is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a particular smell (smells like ammonia or fishy smell).
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is entirely miscible with water, as well as with lots of organic solvents.
But the Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) solubility is restricted in an alkaline aqueous liquid.
The vapor stress of the aqueous liquid of Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is extremely close to that of water alone.
And also, Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is good for solutions of consistent alkalinity.

Because of its volatility being the same as water, upon addition to water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine)'s pH-adjusting qualities become more distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2

-Rotatable Bond Count: 0

-Heavy Atom Count: 6

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 34.5

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Nitrogen Compounds -> Morpholines


Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used for the manufacture of chemicals and fabricated metal products.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a synthetic organic liquid used mainly as an intermediate in the production of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) vapors heavier than air

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used to make other chemicals
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a base because of the amine.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine)'s conjugate acid is called morpholinium.


OTHER APPLICATIONS:

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine)'s pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) (1,4-tetrahydro-oxazine) is a simple heterocyclic compound that has great industrial importance and a wide range of applications.

As a fruit coating
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit. Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned.
A small amount of new wax is applied to replace it.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.

As a component in fungicides:
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) derivatives used as agricultural fungicides in cereals are known as ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors.
-Amorolfine
-Fenpropimorph
-Tridemorph

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is also known as Morpholine
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) can also be used as an ingredient in fungicides and bactericides.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used in washing & cleaning products.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used in building & construction work.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a particular smell (smells like ammonia or fishy smell).

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is entirely miscible with water, as well as with lots of organic solvents.
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is an organic chemical compound.
This heterocycle features both amines as well as ether functional groups.

Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is an organic chemical compound
Diethylene Oximide (Morpholine) is used in organic synthesis.


SYNONYMS:

MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
2-chloro-1-morpholin-4-ylethanone
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Morpholin
MORPHOLINE
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylene oximide
Diethylenimide oxide
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8 (D, 98%)
tetrahydro 1.4 oxazine
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetraidro-1,4-ossazina
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
morpholin
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
CAS-110-91-8
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
EINECS 203-815-1
morpho line
morpholine-
AI3-01231
H-1, tetrahydro-
EC 203-815-1
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
4-27-00-00015
Morpholine
EN300-18064
Morpholine
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
BASF 238
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylenimide oxide
Drewamine
2-chloro-1-morpholin-4-ylethanone
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Morpholin
MORPHOLINE
Morpholine
morpholine
Morpholine
morpholine
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8 (D, 98%)
tetrahydro 1.4 oxazine
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetraidro-1,4-ossazina
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Diethylenimide oxide
Morpholine (8CI, 9CI)
Registration dossier
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
DIETHYLENE TRIAMINE PENTA(METHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID)
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) or diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a phosphonic acid.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has chelating and anti corrosion properties.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.

CAS Number: 15827-60-8
Molecular Formula: C9H28N3O15P5
Molecular Weight: 573.2
EINECS Number: 239-931-4

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is normally delivered as salts, because the acid form has very limited solubility in water and tends to crystallize in concentrated aqueous solutions.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) shows very good inhibition of the precipitation of barium sulfate (BaSO4).

At high alkali and high temperature (above 210 °C) environments Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has better scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other phosphonates.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a multidentate chelating agent.
Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is reported.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid), a phosphonate, is commonly used as crystallization inhibitors.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a multidentate chelating agent.
Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is reported.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid), a phosphonate, is commonly used as crystallization inhibitors.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid), is a phosphonate-type scale and corrosion inhibitor.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is commonly used in various industrial applications, particularly in water treatment processes.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) are a kind of widely used corrosion inhibiting and descaling agents, outward appearance is brown color or red-brown thick liquid, nontoxic, molecular formula is C9H28O15N3P5, relative molecular weight is 573.2, be soluble in acidic solution, can form polynary ring huge legendary turtle compound with metal ion in the aqueous solution, loosely is scattered in water, destroy the calcium salt crystalline growths such as carbonate, sulfate scale, thereby play scale effect, can suppress the generation of carbonate, sulfate scale.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is normally delivered as salts, because the acid form has very limited solubility in water and tends to crystallize in concentrated aqueous solutions.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) shows very good inhibition of the precipitation of barium sulfate (BaSO4).
At high alkali and high temperature (above 210 °C) environments Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has better scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other phosphonates.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is an excellent threshold scale inhibitor for carbonate, sulfate and phosphate scales.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) inhibits scale formation at extremely low (ppm) dosage levels, sub-stoichiometric concentrations calculated on hardness of water.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is an organophosphonate which shows excellent sequestration of metal ions at stoichiometric concentrations.

These properties make it suitable for use in various applications like Peroxide bleaching, Textile auxiliaries, Industrial and Institutional cleaning, Detergent formulations etc.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has excellent hydrolytic and thermal stability meaning it is stable over wide range of pH values and over higher temperatures, making it suitable for high temperature applications.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is also used as a scale inhibitor in oil and gas applications.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) solution is suitable for use in a study to investigate the dynamics and kinetics of sodium sulfate crystallization in the presence of various organophosphonic acids.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may be employed as ligand for the characterization of Ce3+ complexes by luminescence spectroscopy.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used to formulate polishes and wax blends, washing-cleaning products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals, air care products, biocidal products, coatings-paints, fillers-putties-plasters, fertilizers, inks-toners and processing aids.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is an excellent threshold scale inhibitor for carbonate, sulfate and phosphate scales.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) inhibits scale formation at extremely low (ppm) dosage levels, sub-stoichiometric concentrations calculated on hardness of water.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is an organophosphonate which shows excellent sequestration of metal ions at stoichiometric concentrations.

These properties make it suitable for use in various applications like Peroxide bleaching, Textile auxiliaries, Industrial and Institutional cleaning, Detergent formulations etc.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has excellent hydrolytic and thermal stability meaning it is stable over wide range of pH values and over higher temperatures, making it suitable for high temperature applications.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is also used as a scale inhibitor in oil and gas applications.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a high-efficient chelating scale inhibitor.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has a good effect on carbonate and sulfate scales.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has good water-soluble properties and heat tolerance.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has high calcium ion tolerance in wide pH ranges and temperatures as high as 120℃.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is non-toxic, easily soluble in acid solution.
Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has excellent scale and corrosion inhibition and good temperature tolerance ability.

Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can inhibit the scale formation of carbonate and sulfate.
In alkaline environment and high temperature (above 210℃), its scale inhibition performance is better than other organic phosphine.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a complex organic compound with phosphonic acid groups.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid)s structure includes amine (triethylene tetramine) and methylene phosphonic acid moieties.
The presence of phosphonic acid groups contributes to its ability to inhibit scale formation.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is known for its effectiveness in preventing the formation of scale, particularly in water systems where hardness ions (such as calcium and magnesium) could precipitate and form deposits.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) also exhibits corrosion inhibition properties, helping to protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) acts as a chelating agent, meaning it forms stable complexes with metal ions.
This property is valuable in sequestering metal ions, preventing them from participating in undesirable reactions such as scale formation or catalyzing corrosion.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is commonly used in industrial water treatment processes, including cooling water systems, boilers, and other applications where scale and corrosion control are critical.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is ability to work in high-temperature conditions makes it suitable for various industrial settings.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is often used in combination with other water treatment chemicals to achieve synergistic effects.

Combinations of phosphonates, polyphosphates, and other inhibitors may be used to provide comprehensive protection in complex water chemistry environments.
In addition to its scale and corrosion inhibition properties, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can act as a dispersant, helping to keep suspended particles in water from settling and forming deposits.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is considered relatively biodegradable, and its environmental impact is taken into account when assessing its suitability for use.

Depending on the region and specific application, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may be subject to regulatory standards and approvals.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid)'s important to adhere to guidelines and regulations regarding the use of water treatment chemicals.
Apart from water treatment, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in various industrial processes where scale and corrosion control are essential, such as in the production of pulp and paper, textiles, and oil and gas extraction.

Boiling point: 1003.3±75.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.35 (50% aq.)
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under inert atmosphere
solubility: Aqueous Base (Sparingly), Water
form: Oil
pka: 0.59±0.10(Predicted)
color: Pale Yellow to Brown
Water Solubility: 500g/L at 25℃
BRN: 2068968
InChIKey: DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.4

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is innocuous, easy to be dissolved in acid solution.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has excellent scale and corrosion inhibition and good thermal tolerance ability.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can inhibit the scale formation of carbonate, sulfate and phosphate.

On situation of alkali environment and high temperature (above 210℃) Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has better scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other organophosphines.
DETMP or Diethylene Triamine Penta Methylene Phosphonic Acid is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid widely used as a chelant with anti-corrosive characteristics.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) exhibits excellent sequestration of metal ions and threshold inhibition of metal salt precipitation.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is an organo-phosphonic acid compound exhibiting excellent sequestration of metal ions at stoichiometric concentration and threshold inhibition of metal salt precipitation at sub-stoichiometric concentrations.
The ability of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) to de-flocculate or disperse solid particles combined with its temperature and hydrolytic stability makes it a versatile ingredient for applications requiring efficient metal ion (like Fe²/Fe³) control.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is known for its threshold inhibition properties, which means it can be effective at low concentrations.
This is advantageous in water treatment applications where maintaining a low dosage is desirable for cost-effectiveness.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is stable over a broad pH range, which enhances its versatility in various water treatment systems.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can function effectively in both acidic and alkaline conditions.
While it is considered relatively biodegradable, the rate of biodegradation can vary depending on environmental conditions.
The biodegradability of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is an important consideration for environmental impact assessments.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is commonly used in boiler water treatment formulations to control scale and corrosion in steam generation systems.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps prevent the deposition of scale-forming salts on heat transfer surfaces.
In the oil and gas industry, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is utilized for scale and corrosion control in oilfield water injection systems.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps maintain the integrity of equipment and prevent the plugging of injection wells due to mineral scale formation.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is often compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing it to be used in conjunction with various additives to address multiple water treatment challenges simultaneously.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is employed in industrial cleaning formulations, particularly in descaling agents used to remove scale deposits from surfaces such as heat exchangers and pipelines.

In mining operations, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used for controlling scale and preventing mineral deposits in processing equipment and pipelines, particularly in situations involving hard water.
Water treatment formulations containing Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may contribute to the control of bacterial growth, including the prevention of Legionella bacteria in cooling water systems.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used in reverse osmosis systems to control scale formation on the membrane surfaces, enhancing the efficiency and lifespan of the membranes.

The use of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is subject to regulations and guidelines set by authorities such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) in the European Union.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) shows very good inhibition of the precipitation of barium sulfate (BaSO4) as well as Strontium Sulfate (SrSO4).

At high alkali and high temperature (above 210 °C) environments Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has better carbonate, sulfate, and phosphate scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other phosphonates.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is often used synergistically with other phosphonate-based water treatment chemicals.
The combination of different phosphonates can enhance the overall effectiveness in controlling scale and corrosion, offering a comprehensive solution.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may find applications in the food and beverage industry, particularly in water treatment processes associated with food production and processing facilities.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps prevent scale formation in equipment used in these processes.
In the paper and pulp industry, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is employed to control scale in various stages of the papermaking process.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps maintain the efficiency of equipment, such as evaporators and digesters.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used in wastewater treatment processes to control scale and corrosion in industrial wastewater systems.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is chelating properties contribute to the sequestration of metal ions.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is commonly used in industrial cooling water systems to prevent scale formation in heat exchangers and cooling towers.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is effectiveness at high temperatures makes it suitable for such applications.
In desalination processes, where water is purified by removing salts and impurities, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be employed to control scale and prevent fouling on the surfaces of desalination equipment.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is sometimes used as an additive in polymer formulations, contributing to the polymer's stability and performance in various applications.
Ongoing research and development efforts may lead to the discovery of new applications or improved formulations containing Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid).
The field of water treatment and corrosion inhibition is dynamic, and advancements continue to be made.

While Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is generally regarded as safe when used according to recommended guidelines, like any chemical, proper safety precautions should be observed during handling, storage, and application.
This includes the use of appropriate personal protective equipment.
Effective water treatment programs using Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) often involve regular monitoring of water quality parameters, including pH, hardness, and corrosion rates.

Synthesis:
The technical grade diethylenetriamine that total amount is 10% will be accounted for, the novel environment friendly formaldehyde that total amount is 58% that accounts for that content is 40% is sent in chemical reaction kettle, starting stirrer stirs, rotating speed is 20 rev/mins, even blend, send into steam immediately in the reactor interlayer, make slowly to heat up in reactor, control temperature between 50 ℃-55 ℃, add slowly and account for the technical grade phosphorous acid crystal that total amount is 30%, be stirred to the follow-up temperature of continuing rising of whole dissolvings, add slowly and account for the catalyzer composite type metallic oxide that total amount is 2%, after stirring, be warming up between 95 ℃-98 ℃, stirring reaction 1.6-1.8 hour, stop, to the reactor steam supply, being cooled to normal temperature, continue to stir, add the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that appropriate content is 20%, adjust pH is to stop stirring after between 10-10.5 obtaining finished product, during use, can be using diethylenetriamine five methene phosphoric acid as anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor or clean-out system use and get final product.

Uses:
The phosphonate Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is a wastewater pollutant, and a component of phosphorous-containing nanoparticles and materials, such as in the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles for plutonium pulmonary decorporation.
Under alkaline environment and high temperature, anticorrosion-antiscaling property is good.

Diethylenetriamine five methene phosphoric acid are used as the anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor of recirculated cooling water and feedwater in water treatment, be specially adapted to the anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor of alkaline recirculated cooling water, and can be used for containing the high oil-field flooding of barium carbonate and the anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor of water coolant, use separately Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) in compound drug, without adding dispersion agent, the dirt deposition amount is still very little; This product also can be used as peroxide stabiliser, for textile printing and dyeing in the dispersion agent, oxygen delignification stablizer, chemical fertilizer of sequestrant, pigment trace element carry agent, concrete additive; In addition, at aspects such as papermaking, plating, metal pickling and makeup; Also can make the stablizer of oxidizing bactericide.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, coating products, washing & cleaning products, air care products, polishes and waxes, cosmetics and personal care products and fertilisers.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Release to the environment of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles.

Other release to the environment of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products and water treatment chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products and water treatment chemicals.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in the following areas: municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment, mining and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used for the manufacture of: , textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products, metals, fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles and furniture.

Release to the environment of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) solution is suitable for use in a study to investigate the dynamics and kinetics of sodium sulfate crystallization in the presence of various organophosphonic acids.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may be employed as ligand for the characterization of Ce3+ complexes by luminescence spectroscopy.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid)•Na5 can also be used as peroxide stabilizer(especially for hydrogen peroxide in the condition of high temperature),chelator in paper making and printing and dyeing, dispersing agent in pigment, stabilizer in oxygen delignification, microelement carryingt agent in fertilizer, additive in concrete.

Moreover, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid)•Na5 also has a widely use in paper making, electroplate, metal acid clearning, cosmetic and stabilizer in oxidizing biocide.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in the chemical, leather processing, paper-pulp-board, paints-lacquers-varnishes, textile processing, and detergents industries.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in water treatment, as a scale inhibitor, cleaning/washing agent, dispersing agent, complexing agent, and bleach stabilizer.

Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used as scale and corrosion inhibitor in circulating cool water system and boiler water, especially in alkali circulating cool water without additional pH regulation.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can also be used in oilfield refill water, cool water and boiler water with high concentration of barium carbonate.
When used alone, little scale sediment is found even without using dispersant.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used in cooling water treatment,detergent, peroxide bleach stabilization and geothermal, oil field application.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is widely used as a scale inhibitor in water treatment processes.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps prevent the formation of scale deposits, which are often composed of minerals like calcium and magnesium, in various industrial systems.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) serves as a corrosion inhibitor to protect metal surfaces from corrosion in water-based systems.
Corrosion can lead to equipment degradation and failure, and Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps in maintaining the integrity of metal components.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) acts as a chelating agent, forming stable complexes with metal ions.

This property is beneficial in sequestering metal ions and preventing them from participating in unwanted reactions, such as scale formation or catalyzing corrosion.
In the treatment of boiler water, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps control scale formation on heat exchange surfaces, ensuring the efficient and safe operation of boilers.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) also contributes to the prevention of corrosion in boiler systems.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is commonly used in cooling water systems, including cooling towers and heat exchangers, to prevent scale buildup and corrosion.
Effective treatment helps maintain the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
In the oil and gas industry, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is employed in water injection systems to control scale and corrosion.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps ensure the integrity of equipment and prevent the plugging of injection wells.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used in desalination processes to control scale and prevent fouling on the surfaces of desalination equipment.
This is crucial for maintaining the efficiency of desalination systems.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is utilized in industrial cleaning formulations, particularly in descaling agents.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps remove scale deposits from surfaces such as heat exchangers and pipelines.
In the paper and pulp industry, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is employed to control scale in various stages of the papermaking process, including evaporators and digesters.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used in wastewater treatment processes to control scale and corrosion in industrial wastewater systems.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is chelating properties contribute to the sequestration of metal ions.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is sometimes used as an additive in polymer formulations, contributing to the stability and performance of polymers in various applications.

Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can also be used as peroxide stabilizer (especially under the condition of high temperature, the stability of hydrogen peroxide is very good), as chelating agent in woven & dyeing industry, as pigment dispersant, as oxygen delignification stabilizer, as microelement’s carrying agent in fertilizer, and as concrete additive.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may find applications in the food and beverage industry for water treatment processes associated with production and processing.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) helps prevent scale formation in equipment used in these processes.

In reverse osmosis systems, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used to control scale formation on membrane surfaces.
This is important for maintaining the efficiency and lifespan of reverse osmosis membranes.
Water treatment formulations containing Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may contribute to the control of bacterial growth, including the prevention of Legionella bacteria in cooling water systems.

In mining operations, Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is used for controlling scale and preventing mineral deposits in processing equipment and pipelines.
This is particularly relevant in situations involving hard water.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is often used in combination with other water treatment chemicals to achieve synergistic effects.

Combinations of phosphonates, polyphosphates, and other inhibitors may be used to provide comprehensive protection in complex water chemistry environments.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is known for its threshold inhibition properties, meaning it can be effective at low concentrations.
This is advantageous for cost-effectiveness in water treatment applications.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is often compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing it to be used in conjunction with various additives to address multiple water treatment challenges simultaneously.
Ongoing research and development efforts may lead to the discovery of new applications or improved formulations containing Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid).
The field of water treatment and corrosion inhibition is dynamic, and advancements continue to be made.

Safety Profile:
Concentrated solutions of Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) may cause irritation to the eyes and skin.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is advisable to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as goggles and gloves, when handling the undiluted substance.
In case of contact with eyes or skin, thorough rinsing with water is recommended.

Inhalation of vapors or mists of concentrated Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) solutions may cause respiratory irritation.
Adequate ventilation should be ensured in areas where the substance is handled, and respiratory protection may be required in situations with potential for high airborne concentrations.
Ingestion of concentrated Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) solutions is generally not expected in normal handling practices.

Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is advisable to avoid ingestion, and appropriate measures should be taken to prevent accidental swallowing.
While Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is considered relatively biodegradable, the impact of its breakdown products in the environment may vary.
Diethylene Triamine Penta(Methylene Phosphonic Acid) is important to follow recommended disposal practices and comply with environmental regulations.

Synonyms:
22042-96-2
Diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid), sodium salt
sodium;[2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-hydroxyphosphinate
Wayplex 55S
94987-76-5
Phosphonic acid, (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-, sodium salt
Phosphonic acid,[[(phosphonomethyl)imino]bis[2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)]]tetra kis-,sodium salt
Sequion 40Na32
Dequest 2066
Briquest 543-33S
(((Phosphonomethyl)imino)bis((ethylenenitrilo)bis(methylene)))tetrakisphosphonic acid, sodium salt
Dequest 2066 deflocculant and sequestrant
Sodium (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakisphosphonate
Sodium [[(phosphonomethyl)imino]bis[2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)]]tetrakisphosphonate
Phosphonic acid, [[(phosphonomethyl)imino]bis[2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)]]tetrakis-, sodium salt
EINECS 244-751-4
DTXSID0029840
Diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), Na Salt
Phosphonic acid, ((bis(2-(bis(phosphonomethyl)amino)ethyl)amino)methyl)-, sodium salt
Phosphonic acid, (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-,sodium salt
FT-0657362
EC 244-751-4
A815868
Diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid) xsodium salt
Diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), sodium salt
Phosphonic acid, P,P',P'',P'''-(((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-, sodium salt (1:?)
sodium [2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-hydroxyphosphinate
sodium [2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-oxidanyl-phosphinate
sodium hydrogen [10,10-dihydroxy-10-oxido-2,5,8-tris(phosphonomethyl)-2,5,8-triaza-10-phosphadec-1-yl]phosphonate

DIETHYLENETRIAMINE (DETA)
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a hardener in epoxy resins of the Bisphenol A type.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) has been reported as a sensitizer in ultrasonic baths for cleaning jewels, in synthetic lubricants and in carbonless copy paper.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a corrosive liquid and a solvent.

CAS: 111-40-0
MF: C4H13N3
MW: 103.17
EINECS: 203-865-4

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a triamine and a polyazaalkane.
A yellow liquid with an ammonia-like odor.
Less dense than water.
Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Vapors heavier than air.
Burns, although possibly difficult to igntie.
Toxic oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) used as a solvent for plastics and dyes and in chemical synthesis.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) and also known as 2,2’-Iminodi(ethylamine) is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2NH2)2.
This colourless hygroscopic liquid is soluble in water and polar organic solvents, but not simple hydrocarbons.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is structural analogue of diethylene glycol.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA)'s chemical properties resemble those for ethylene diamine, and it has similar uses.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a weak base and its aqueous solution is alkaline.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a byproduct of the production of ethylenediamine from ethylene dichloride.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a chemical compound that has been studied extensively in the field of biological research.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a metal chelator, meaning it binds to heavy metals, and can be used to remove them from the body.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is also an antimicrobial agent that has been shown to have a protective effect on the liver against gadolinium-induced lesions.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is used for wastewater treatment as well as metal carbonyls and metal-hydroxides reactions, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) can also be used in human immunoglobulin synthesis and Langmuir adsorption isotherm studies.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) has been shown to bind with human serum proteins by hydrogen bonding interactions, which may explain its effects on the liver.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -40 °C
Boiling point: 206 °C
density: 0.955 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 3.6 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.08 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.484(lit.)
Fp: 90 °C
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Chloroform (Soluble), Methanol (Slightly)
pka: pK1:4.42(+3);pK2:9.21(+2);pK3:10.02(+1) (25°C)
form: Liquid
color: Clear
Odor: Strong ammoniacal; mildly ammoniacal.
PH: >12 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 1-10%(V)
Water Solubility: miscible
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
BRN: 605314
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 1 ppm (Skin)
NIOSH: TWA 1 ppm(4 mg/m3)
Stability: Stable, but absorbs carbon dioxide from the air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, copper and its alloys.
InChIKey: RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -1.58 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 111-40-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diethylenetriamine (DETA) (111-40-0)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diethylenetriamine (DETA) (111-40-0)

Uses
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is manufactured by reacting ethylene dichloride and ammonia.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is used as a solvent, in organic syntheses, and in a variety of industrial applications including use as a fuel component.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a solvent for sulfur, acidic gas, resin and dye intermediates for organic synthesis; saponification agent for acidic materials; fuel component; hardener for epoxy resins.
Hardener and stabilizer for epoxy resins; solvent for dyes, acid gases, and sulfur.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is a common curing agent for epoxy resins in epoxy adhesives and other thermosets.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is N-alkylated upon reaction with epoxide groups forming crosslinks.
In coordination chemistry, Diethylenetriamine (DETA) serves as a tridentate ligand forming complexes such as Co(dien)(NO2)3.
Like some related amines, Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is used in oil industry for the extraction of acid gas.
Like ethylenediamine, Diethylenetriamine (DETA) can also be used to sensitize nitromethane, making a liquid explosive compound similar to PLX.

Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is cap sensitive with an explosive velocity of around 6200 m/s and is discussed in patent #3,713,915.
Mixed with unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine Diethylenetriamine (DETA) was used as Hydyne, a propellent for liquid-fuel rockets.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) has been evaluated for use in the Countermine System under development by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, where Diethylenetriamine (DETA) would be used to ignite and consume the explosive fill of land mines in beach and surf zones.

Industrial Uses
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is used as an intermediate in the production of reactive polyamide resins, and in the production of aminoamides and imidazolines from fatty acids.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is also used in the production of paper wet strength resins and piperazine.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) serves as a solvent for sulfur, acid gases, resins and dyes.

Production Methods
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is produced by the reaction of ethylene dichloride with ammonia.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) is used in biological studies, for polyamines inhibition to carbonic anhydrases by anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule.

Reactivity Profile
Diethylenetriamine (DETA) neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Prolonged breathing of vapors may cause asthma.
Liquid burns skin and eyes.
A skin rash can form.

Brief contact with concentrated diethylenetriamine can produce severe local injury to the eyes and skin resembling the effect from strong base.
Human subjects are susceptible to sensitization responses either as dermatitis or an asthma-like response.
A time-weighted average of 1 p.p.m. is recommenced for diethylenetriamine.

Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No hazardous reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Synonyms
DIETHYLENETRIAMINE
111-40-0
Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine
2,2'-Diaminodiethylamine
Diethylene triamine
1,4,7-Triazaheptane
Barsamide 115
Epicure T
Ancamine DETA
2,2'-Iminodiethylamine
Aminoethylethandiamine
N,N-Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine
3-Azapentane-1,5-diamine
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-
Imino-bis-ethylamine
ChS-P 1
1,5-Diamino-3-azapentane
N-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine
2,2'-Iminobis(ethanamine)
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
Bis(beta-aminoethyl)amine
dien
2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethylamine
Epon 3223
2,2'-Iminodi(ethylamine)
Ethylamine, 2,2'-iminobis-
Diethylamine, 2,2'-diamino-
DEH 20
N'-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine
NSC 446
CCRIS 4794
HSDB 525
N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethylenediamine
(Aminoethyl)ethanediamine
diethylentriamine
2,2'-Iminobisethylamine
EINECS 203-865-4
UNII-03K6SX4V2J
H 9506
N1-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine
Texacure EA-20
BRN 0605314
03K6SX4V2J
DTXSID2025050
CHEBI:30629
C4H13N3
NSC-446
Ethylenediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-
UN2079
Bis[.beta.-aminoethyl]amine
CHEMBL303429
DTXCID005050
EC 203-865-4
4-04-00-01238 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
N-(2-Aminoethyl)1,2-ethanediamine
NCGC00166036-01
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-aminoethyl)-
Diethylenetriamine [UN2079] [Corrosive]
CAS-111-40-0
bis(2-amino-ethyl)-amine
Dietilentriamina
Dithylnetriamine
di-ethylenetriamine
JER Cure T
di(2-aminoethyl)amine
Epicure 3223
Epicure 3290
2,2-Iminodiethylamine
1 4 7-Triazaheptane
1,5-diamino-3-
DET (CHRIS Code)
JER-T
1,4,7-triaza-heptane
Ethylamine,2'-iminobis-
2 2'-Diaminodiethylamine
Diethylamine,2'-diamino-
Diethylenetriamine (8CI)
bis-(2-aminoethyl) amine
DEH 52 (Salt/Mix)
DEH 58 (Salt/Mix)
Bis[beta -aminoethyl]amine
D09WVV
1 5-diamino-3-azopentano
2,2'-diamino-diethylamine
2,2'-Iminobis-Ethylamine
3-aza-1,5-pentanediamine
1 5-Diamino-3-azapentane
1, N-(2-aminoethyl)-
2, 2'-Diaminodiethylamine
3-Aza-1,5-diaminopentane
3-Azapentane-1 5-diamine
3-Azapentano-1,5-diamina
bis-(2-amino-ethyl)-amine
2 2'-Iminobis(ethanamine)
P 11 (crosslinking agent)
WLN: Z2M2Z
N N-Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine
SCHEMBL15381
beta,beta'-Diaminodiethylamine
2, 2'-iminobis (etanamina)
NSC446
2-(2-Aminoetilamino) etilamina
Bis (.aminoetil beta.-) amina
beta ,beta '-diaminodiethylamine
DIETHYLENETRIAMINE [HSDB]
DIETHYLENETRIAMINE [INCI]
n-(2-aminoethyl)-ethylenediamine
azapentano 2,2'-Diaminodietilamina
.beta.,.beta.'-Diaminodiethylamine
Tox21_113096
Tox21_201453
Tox21_303114
BBL005239
BDBM50323742
C4-H13-N3
D.E.H. 20
LS-530
MFCD00008171
NA2079
STK802352
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1 2-ethanediamine
AKOS000119987
n1-(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
1,2-etanodiamina, N-(2-aminoetil)-
n-(2-Aminoethyl)-1, 2-ethanediamine
NCI 138881
UN 2079
1,2-Etanodiamino, N1-(2-aminoetil)-
NCGC00166036-02
NCGC00257198-01
NCGC00259004-01
BP-13436
Diethylenetriamine, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
VS-01562
3-Azapentan-1,5-diamin (Dietylentriamin)
Dietylentriamin (3-Azapentan-1,5-diamin)
12-Ethanediamine N-(2-aminoethyl)-(9CI)
Diethylenetriamine [UN2079] [Corrosive]
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, 9CI
1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE,N-(2-AMINOETHYL)
D0493
N*1*-(2-Amino-ethyl)-ethane-1,2-diamine
EN300-19759
Diethylenetriamine, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
ETHANE-1,2-DIAMINE, N-(2-AMINOETHYL)-
Q416728
J-002573
J-520317
F2191-0291
Z104475186
Diethylenetriamine (1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-
InChI=1/C4H13N3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h7H,1-6H
ETHYLAMINE, 2,2'-IMINOBIS-ETHYLENEDIAMINE, N-(2-AMINOETHYL)-
StratoSpheres(TM) PL-Deta (Diethylenetriamine) resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 6.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked
DIETHYLENETRIAMINE PENTA(METHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID)
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) or diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a phosphonic acid.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is normally delivered as salts, because the acid form has very limited solubility in water and tends to crystallize in concentrated aqueous solutions.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), a phosphonate, is commonly used as crystallization inhibitors.

CAS Number: 15827-60-8
Molecular Formula: C9H28N3O15P5
Molecular Weight: 573.2
EINECS Number: 239-931-4

Synonyms: 22042-96-2,Diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid), sodium salt,sodium;[2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-hydroxyphosphinate,Wayplex 55S,94987-76-5,Phosphonic acid, (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-, sodium salt,Phosphonic acid,[[(phosphonomethyl)imino]bis[2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)]]tetra kis-,sodium salt,Sequion 40Na32,Dequest 2066, Briquest, 43-33S,(((Phosphonomethyl)imino)bis((ethylenenitrilo)bis(methylene)))tetrakisphosphonic acid, sodium salt, Dequest 2066, deflocculant and sequestrant,Sodium (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakisphosphonate, Sodium [[(phosphonomethyl)imino]bis[2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)]]tetrakisphosphonate, Phosphonic acid, [[(phosphonomethyl)imino]bis[2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)]]tetrakis-, sodium salt, EINECS 244-751-4, DTXSID0029840
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), Na Salt, Phosphonic acid, ((bis(2-(bis(phosphonomethyl)amino)ethyl)amino)methyl)-, sodium salt, Phosphonic acid, (((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-,sodium salt
FT-0657362,EC 244-751-4,A815868,Diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid) xsodium salt,Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), sodium salt,Phosphonic acid, P,P',P'',P'''-(((phosphonomethyl)imino)bis(2,1-ethanediylnitrilobis(methylene)))tetrakis-, sodium salt (1:?),sodium [2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-hydroxyphosphinate,sodium [2-[2-[bis(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]ethyl-(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl-oxidanyl-phosphinate,sodium hydrogen [10,10-dihydroxy-10-oxido-2,5,8-tris(phosphonomethyl)-2,5,8-triaza-10-phosphadec-1-yl]phosphonate.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a multidentate chelating agent.
Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is reported.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), a phosphonate, is commonly used as crystallization inhibitors.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), is a phosphonate-type scale and corrosion inhibitor.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) are a kind of widely used corrosion inhibiting and descaling agents, outward appearance is brown color or red-brown thick liquid, nontoxic, molecular formula is C9H28O15N3P5, relative molecular weight is 573.2, be soluble in acidic solution, can form polynary ring huge legendary turtle compound with metal ion in the aqueous solution, loosely is scattered in water, destroy the calcium salt crystalline growths such as carbonate, sulfate scale, thereby play scale effect, can suppress the generation of carbonate, sulfate scale.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is normally delivered as salts, because the acid form has very limited solubility in water and tends to crystallize in concentrated aqueous solutions.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) shows very good inhibition of the precipitation of barium sulfate (BaSO4).

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is an excellent threshold scale inhibitor for carbonate, sulfate and phosphate scales.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) inhibits scale formation at extremely low (ppm) dosage levels, sub-stoichiometric concentrations calculated on hardness of water.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is an organophosphonate which shows excellent sequestration of metal ions at stoichiometric concentrations.

These properties make it suitable for use in various applications like Peroxide bleaching, Textile auxiliaries, Industrial and Institutional cleaning, Detergent formulations etc.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has excellent hydrolytic and thermal stability meaning it is stable over wide range of pH values and over higher temperatures, making it suitable for high temperature applications.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is also used as a scale inhibitor in oil and gas applications.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) solution is suitable for use in a study to investigate the dynamics and kinetics of sodium sulfate crystallization in the presence of various organophosphonic acids.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may be employed as ligand for the characterization of Ce3+ complexes by luminescence spectroscopy.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used to formulate polishes and wax blends, washing-cleaning products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals, air care products, biocidal products, coatings-paints, fillers-putties-plasters, fertilizers, inks-toners and processing aids.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is an excellent threshold scale inhibitor for carbonate, sulfate and phosphate scales.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) inhibits scale formation at extremely low (ppm) dosage levels, sub-stoichiometric concentrations calculated on hardness of water.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is an organophosphonate which shows excellent sequestration of metal ions at stoichiometric concentrations.

These properties make it suitable for use in various applications like Peroxide bleaching, Textile auxiliaries, Industrial and Institutional cleaning, Detergent formulations etc.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has excellent hydrolytic and thermal stability meaning it is stable over wide range of pH values and over higher temperatures, making it suitable for high temperature applications.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is also used as a scale inhibitor in oil and gas applications.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a high-efficient chelating scale inhibitor.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has a good effect on carbonate and sulfate scales.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has good water-soluble properties and heat tolerance.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has high calcium ion tolerance in wide pH ranges and temperatures as high as 120℃.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is non-toxic, easily soluble in acid solution.

Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) has excellent scale and corrosion inhibition and good temperature tolerance ability.
Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can inhibit the scale formation of carbonate and sulfate.
In alkaline environment and high temperature (above 210℃), its scale inhibition performance is better than other organic phosphine.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a complex organic compound with phosphonic acid groups.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid)s structure includes amine (triethylene tetramine) and methylene phosphonic acid moieties.
The presence of phosphonic acid groups contributes to its ability to inhibit scale formation.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is known for its effectiveness in preventing the formation of scale, particularly in water systems where hardness ions (such as calcium and magnesium) could precipitate and form deposits.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) also exhibits corrosion inhibition properties, helping to protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) acts as a chelating agent, meaning it forms stable complexes with metal ions.

This property is valuable in sequestering metal ions, preventing them from participating in undesirable reactions such as scale formation or catalyzing corrosion.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is commonly used in industrial water treatment processes, including cooling water systems, boilers, and other applications where scale and corrosion control are critical.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is ability to work in high-temperature conditions makes it suitable for various industrial settings.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is often used in combination with other water treatment chemicals to achieve synergistic effects.
Combinations of phosphonates, polyphosphates, and other inhibitors may be used to provide comprehensive protection in complex water chemistry environments.
In addition to its scale and corrosion inhibition properties, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can act as a dispersant, helping to keep suspended particles
in water from settling and forming deposits.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is considered relatively biodegradable, and its environmental impact is taken into account when assessing its suitability for use.
Depending on the region and specific application, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may be subject to regulatory standards and approvals.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid)'s important to adhere to guidelines and regulations regarding the use of water treatment chemicals.

Apart from water treatment, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in various industrial processes where scale and corrosion control are essential, such as in the production of pulp and paper, textiles, and oil and gas extraction.
At high alkali and high temperature (above 210 °C) environments Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has better scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other phosphonates.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is commonly used in various industrial applications, particularly in water treatment processes.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) shows very good inhibition of the precipitation of barium sulfate (BaSO4).
At high alkali and high temperature (above 210 °C) environments Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has better scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other phosphonates.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a multidentate chelating agent.

Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is reported.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has chelating and anti corrosion properties.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.

Boiling point: 1003.3±75.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.35 (50% aq.)
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under inert atmosphere
solubility: Aqueous Base (Sparingly), Water
form: Oil
pka: 0.59±0.10(Predicted)
color: Pale Yellow to Brown
Water Solubility: 500g/L at 25℃
BRN: 2068968
InChIKey: DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.4

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is known for its threshold inhibition properties, which means it can be effective at low concentrations.
This is advantageous in water treatment applications where maintaining a low dosage is desirable for cost-effectiveness.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is commonly used in boiler water treatment formulations to control scale and corrosion in steam generation systems.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps prevent the deposition of scale-forming salts on heat transfer surfaces.
In the oil and gas industry, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is utilized for scale and corrosion control in oilfield water injection systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps maintain the integrity of equipment and prevent the plugging of injection wells due to mineral scale formation.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is often compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing it to be used in conjunction with various additives to address multiple water treatment challenges simultaneously.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is employed in industrial cleaning formulations, particularly in descaling agents used to remove scale deposits from surfaces such as heat exchangers and pipelines.
In mining operations, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used for controlling scale and preventing mineral deposits in processing equipment and pipelines, particularly in situations involving hard water.

Water treatment formulations containing Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may contribute to the control of bacterial growth, including the prevention of Legionella bacteria in cooling water systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can be used in reverse osmosis systems to control scale formation on the membrane surfaces, enhancing the efficiency and lifespan of the membranes.

The use of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is subject to regulations and guidelines set by authorities such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) in the European Union.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) shows very good inhibition of the precipitation of barium sulfate (BaSO4) as well as Strontium Sulfate (SrSO4).

At high alkali and high temperature (above 210 °C) environments Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has better carbonate, sulfate, and phosphate scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other phosphonates.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is often used synergistically with other phosphonate-based water treatment chemicals.
The combination of different phosphonates can enhance the overall effectiveness in controlling scale and corrosion, offering a comprehensive solution.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may find applications in the food and beverage industry, particularly in water treatment processes associated with food production and processing facilities.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps prevent scale formation in equipment used in these processes.
In the paper and pulp industry, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is employed to control scale in various stages of the papermaking process.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps maintain the efficiency of equipment, such as evaporators and digesters.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can be used in wastewater treatment processes to control scale and corrosion in industrial wastewater systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is chelating properties contribute to the sequestration of metal ions.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is commonly used in industrial cooling water systems to prevent scale formation in heat exchangers and cooling towers.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is effectiveness at high temperatures makes it suitable for such applications.
In desalination processes, where water is purified by removing salts and impurities, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can be employed to control scale and prevent fouling on the surfaces of desalination equipment.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is sometimes used as an additive in polymer formulations, contributing to the polymer's stability and performance in various applications.
Ongoing research and development efforts may lead to the discovery of new applications or improved formulations containing Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid).
The field of water treatment and corrosion inhibition is dynamic, and advancements continue to be made.

While Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is generally regarded as safe when used according to recommended guidelines, like any chemical, proper safety precautions should be observed during handling, storage, and application.
This includes the use of appropriate personal protective equipment.
Effective water treatment programs using Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) often involve regular monitoring of water quality parameters, including pH, hardness, and corrosion rates.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is stable over a broad pH range, which enhances its versatility in various water treatment systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can function effectively in both acidic and alkaline conditions.
While it is considered relatively biodegradable, the rate of biodegradation can vary depending on environmental conditions.

The biodegradability of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is an important consideration for environmental impact assessments.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is innocuous, easy to be dissolved in acid solution.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has excellent scale and corrosion inhibition and good thermal tolerance ability.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can inhibit the scale formation of carbonate, sulfate and phosphate.
On situation of alkali environment and high temperature (above 210℃) Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) has better scale and corrosion inhibition effect than other organophosphines.
DETMP or Diethylene Triamine Penta Methylene Phosphonic Acid is a nitrogenous organic polyphosphonic acid widely used as a chelant with anti-corrosive characteristics.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) exhibits excellent sequestration of metal ions and threshold inhibition of metal salt precipitation.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is an organo-phosphonic acid compound exhibiting excellent sequestration of metal ions at stoichiometric concentration and threshold inhibition of metal salt precipitation at sub-stoichiometric concentrations.
The ability of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) to de-flocculate or disperse solid particles combined with its temperature and hydrolytic stability makes it a versatile ingredient for applications requiring efficient metal ion (like Fe²/Fe³) control.

Synthesis:
The technical grade diethylenetriamine that total amount is 10% will be accounted for, the novel environment friendly formaldehyde that total amount is 58% that accounts for that content is 40% is sent in chemical reaction kettle, starting stirrer stirs, rotating speed is 20 rev/mins, even blend, send into steam immediately in the reactor interlayer, make slowly to heat up in reactor, control temperature between 50 ℃-55 ℃, add slowly and account for the technical grade phosphorous acid crystal that total amount is 30%, be stirred to the follow-up temperature of continuing rising of whole dissolvings, add slowly and account for the catalyzer composite type metallic oxide that total amount is 2%, after stirring, be warming up between 95 ℃-98 ℃, stirring reaction 1.6-1.8 hour, stop, to the reactor steam supply, being cooled to normal temperature, continue to stir, add the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that appropriate content is 20%, adjust pH is to stop stirring after between 10-10.5 obtaining finished product, during use, can be using diethylenetriamine five methene phosphoric acid as anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor or clean-out system use and get final product.

Uses:
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products and water treatment chemicals.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in the following areas: municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment, mining and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) solution is suitable for use in a study to investigate the dynamics and kinetics of sodium sulfate crystallization in the presence of various organophosphonic acids.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may be employed as ligand for the characterization of Ce3+ complexes by luminescence spectroscopy.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid)•Na5 can also be used as peroxide stabilizer(especially for hydrogen peroxide in the condition of high temperature),chelator in paper making and printing and dyeing, dispersing agent in pigment, stabilizer in oxygen delignification, microelement carryingt agent in fertilizer, additive in concrete.
Moreover, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid)•Na5 also has a widely use in paper making, electroplate, metal acid clearning, cosmetic and stabilizer in oxidizing biocide.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in the chemical, leather processing, paper-pulp-board, paints-lacquers-varnishes, textile processing, and detergents industries.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in water treatment, as a scale inhibitor, cleaning/washing agent, dispersing agent, complexing agent, and bleach stabilizer.
Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can be used as scale and corrosion inhibitor in circulating cool water system and boiler water, especially in alkali circulating cool water without additional pH regulation.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can also be used in oilfield refill water, cool water and boiler water with high concentration of barium carbonate.
When used alone, little scale sediment is found even without using dispersant.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can be used in cooling water treatment,detergent, peroxide bleach stabilization and geothermal, oil field application.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is widely used as a scale inhibitor in water treatment processes.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps prevent the formation of scale deposits, which are often composed of minerals like calcium and magnesium, in various industrial systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) serves as a corrosion inhibitor to protect metal surfaces from corrosion in water-based systems.

Corrosion can lead to equipment degradation and failure, and Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps in maintaining the integrity of metal components.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) acts as a chelating agent, forming stable complexes with metal ions.
This property is beneficial in sequestering metal ions and preventing them from participating in unwanted reactions, such as scale formation or catalyzing corrosion.

In the treatment of boiler water, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps control scale formation on heat exchange surfaces, ensuring the efficient and safe operation of boilers.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) also contributes to the prevention of corrosion in boiler systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is commonly used in cooling water systems, including cooling towers and heat exchangers, to prevent scale buildup and corrosion.

Effective treatment helps maintain the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
In the oil and gas industry, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is employed in water injection systems to control scale and corrosion.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps ensure the integrity of equipment and prevent the plugging of injection wells.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in desalination processes to control scale and prevent fouling on the surfaces of desalination equipment.
This is crucial for maintaining the efficiency of desalination systems.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is utilized in industrial cleaning formulations, particularly in descaling agents.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps remove scale deposits from surfaces such as heat exchangers and pipelines.
In the paper and pulp industry, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is employed to control scale in various stages of the papermaking process, including evaporators and digesters.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can be used in wastewater treatment processes to control scale and corrosion in industrial wastewater systems.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is chelating properties contribute to the sequestration of metal ions.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is sometimes used as an additive in polymer formulations, contributing to the stability and performance of polymers in various applications.
Diethylene Triamine Penta (Methylene Phosphonic Acid) can also be used as peroxide stabilizer (especially under the condition of high temperature, the stability of hydrogen peroxide is very good), as chelating agent in woven & dyeing industry, as pigment dispersant, as oxygen delignification stabilizer, as microelement’s carrying agent in fertilizer, and as concrete additive.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may find applications in the food and beverage industry for water treatment processes associated with production and processing.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) helps prevent scale formation in equipment used in these processes.
In reverse osmosis systems, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can be used to control scale formation on membrane surfaces.

This is important for maintaining the efficiency and lifespan of reverse osmosis membranes.
Water treatment formulations containing Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may contribute to the control of bacterial growth, including the prevention of Legionella bacteria in cooling water systems.

In mining operations, Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used for controlling scale and preventing mineral deposits in processing equipment and pipelines.
This is particularly relevant in situations involving hard water.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is often used in combination with other water treatment chemicals to achieve synergistic effects.

Combinations of phosphonates, polyphosphates, and other inhibitors may be used to provide comprehensive protection in complex water chemistry environments.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is known for its threshold inhibition properties, meaning it can be effective at low concentrations.
This is advantageous for cost-effectiveness in water treatment applications.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is often compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing it to be used in conjunction with various additives to address multiple water treatment challenges simultaneously.
Ongoing research and development efforts may lead to the discovery of new applications or improved formulations containing Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid).
The field of water treatment and corrosion inhibition is dynamic, and advancements continue to be made.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used for the manufacture of: , textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products, metals, fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles and furniture.
Release to the environment of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

The phosphonate Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is a wastewater pollutant, and a component of phosphorous-containing nanoparticles and materials, such as in the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles for plutonium pulmonary decorporation.
Under alkaline environment and high temperature, anticorrosion-antiscaling property is good.
Diethylenetriamine five methene phosphoric acid are used as the anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor of recirculated cooling water and feedwater in water treatment, be specially adapted to the anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor of alkaline recirculated cooling water, and can be used for containing the high oil-field flooding of barium carbonate and the anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor of water coolant, use separately Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) in compound drug, without adding dispersion agent, the dirt deposition amount is still very little; This product also can be used as peroxide stabiliser, for textile printing and dyeing in the dispersion agent, oxygen delignification stablizer, chemical fertilizer of sequestrant, pigment trace element carry agent, concrete additive; In addition, at aspects such as papermaking, plating, metal pickling and makeup; Also can make the stablizer of oxidizing bactericide.

Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, coating products, washing & cleaning products, air care products, polishes and waxes, cosmetics and personal care products and fertilisers.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in the following areas: building & construction work and agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Release to the environment of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles.

Other release to the environment of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is used in the following products: water softeners, pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products and water treatment chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Safety Profile:
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is advisable to avoid ingestion, and appropriate measures should be taken to prevent accidental swallowing.
While Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is considered relatively biodegradable, the impact of its breakdown products in the environment may vary.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is important to follow recommended disposal practices and comply with environmental regulations.

Concentrated solutions of Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) may cause irritation to the eyes and skin.
Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) is advisable to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as goggles and gloves, when handling the undiluted substance.
In case of contact with eyes or skin, thorough rinsing with water is recommended.

Inhalation of vapors or mists of concentrated Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) solutions may cause respiratory irritation.
Adequate ventilation should be ensured in areas where the substance is handled, and respiratory protection may be required in situations with potential for high airborne concentrations.
Ingestion of concentrated Diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) solutions is generally not expected in normal handling practices.



DIETHYLENETRIAMINE PENTAMETHYLENE PHOSPHONIC ACID ( DTPMP)
DIETHYLHEXYL ADIPATE, N° CAS : 103-23-1, Nom INCI : DIETHYLHEXYL ADIPATE, Nom chimique : Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-090-1. Agent filmogène : Produit un film continu sur la peau, les cheveux ou les ongles. Agent plastifiant : Adoucit et rend souple une autre substance qui autrement ne pourrait pas être facilement déformée, dispersée ou être travaillée Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances
DIETHYLENIMIDE OXIDE
Diethylenimide Oxide is also known as Morpholine
Diethylenimide Oxide is an organic chemical compound
Diethylenimide Oxide is used in organic synthesis.


CAS NUMBER: 110-91-8

EC NUMBER: 203-815-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C4H9NO

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 87.12 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: morpholine


Diethylenimide Oxide is an organic chemical compound
Diethylenimide Oxide's chemical formula is O(CH2CH2)2NH.

This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, Diethylenimide Oxide is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.

For example, treating Diethylenimide Oxide with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Diethylenimide Oxide is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.

Diethylenimide Oxide is generally suitable for common industrial uses or for research purposes but typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.
Diethylenimide Oxide with the common name of diethylenimide oxide is acolourless
Diethylenimide Oxide is hygroscopic and versatile organic liquid

Diethylenimide Oxide is a six membered heterocyclic compound and this heterocyclic structure features both amine and either functional groups and an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)NH
Diethylenimide Oxide derivatives plays an important role in the treatment such as antibacterials, anticancers, antimalarials, antitussives, anticonvulsants and analgesics

USES:

Industrial applications
Diethylenimide Oxide is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems.
Diethylenimide Oxide is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.
Diethylenimide Oxide's pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.
Diethylenimide Oxide is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.
Diethylenimide Oxide decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.

Organic Synthesis:
Diethylenimide Oxide undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine.
For this reason, Diethylenimide Oxide forms a stable chloramine.

Diethylenimide Oxide is commonly used to generate enamines.
Diethylenimide Oxide is widely used in organic synthesis.

For example, Diethylenimide Oxide is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid, the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa) and the analgesic dextromoramide.
In research and in industry, the low cost and polarity of Diethylenimide Oxide lead to its common use as a solvent for chemical reactions.
Diethylenimide Oxide (1,4-tetrahydro-oxazine) is a simple heterocyclic compound that has great industrial importance and a wide range of applications.

Agriculture:
As a fruit coating
Diethylenimide Oxide is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit. Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned.
A small amount of new wax is applied to replace it.
Diethylenimide Oxide is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.

As a component in fungicides:
Diethylenimide Oxide derivatives used as agricultural fungicides in cereals are known as ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors.
-Amorolfine
-Fenpropimorph
-Tridemorph

APPLICATIONS

1. ADDITIVES AND CATALYSTS:
Diethylenimide Oxide is used as an additive for adjusting pH in nuclear power plant steam systems and fossil fuels.
Diethylenimide Oxide is also used for corrosion protection of boiler water stream systems in chemical plants.
Diethylenimide Oxide is used for the preparation of alumina catalysts.
They are prepared in the form of a gelling agent for the treatment of hydrocarbons.

2. ORGANIC SYNTHESIS:
Diethylenimide Oxide is commonly used for the synthesis of enamines.
Diethylenimide Oxide is an important ingredient to produce linezolid, which is an antibiotic used for treating infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.
Diethylenimide Oxide is also used in gefitinib, a cancer drug.
Diethylenimide Oxide is also used in the analgesic dextromoramide.
Diethylenimide Oxide salts such as morpholine hydrochloride are used for the organic synthesis of intermediates.

3. AGRICULTURE:
Diethylenimide Oxide in the form of a chemical emulsifier is used for the protection of fruits.
This is achieved through the process of waxing, where a wax layer is applied onto the fruits.
This coating protects fruits from insects and fungal infestation.
Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors are the derivatives of Diethylenimide Oxide, which are used as fungicides in cereals.
Some of the Diethylenimide Oxide based fungicides used on cereal crops are amorolfine, fenpropimorph and tridemorph.

4. RUBBER INDUSTRY:
Diethylenimide Oxide is widely used as an intermediate in the rubber industry to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as DTOS, MDS and NOBS.
Over 50% of the demand for Diethylenimide Oxide is from rubber vulcanization accelerators, and about 30% of rubber vulcanization accelerators are used for NOBS.

5. METAL CORROSION INHIBITORS:
Diethylenimide Oxide is used as a corrosion inhibitor for metals such as copper, iron, lead, zinc and other metals.
Diethylenimide Oxide is widely used in areas such as automobiles, mechanical instruments and medical equipment.
Diethylenimide Oxide in its gas-liquid state has lower toxicity towards the environment when compared to its forerunners like cyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine nitrite.

6. MANUFACTURING :
Diethylenimide Oxide is used in the manufacture of paper, glass, soap, detergent, dye and synthetic fibre.
Diethylenimide Oxide is used to manufacture analysis reagents for nitrogen determination.
Diethylenimide Oxide also finds applications in pharmaceuticals, tanning, textiles, household care and ceramics industries.

Diethylenimide Oxide is used as a boiler water treatment additive in steam systems of power plants and refineries.
Diethylenimide Oxide forms an even wax like coating as morpholine oleate.
Diethylenimide Oxide prevents decomposition of a chlorinated hydrocarbon in a composition containing the chlorinated hydrocarbon and a large amount of water.

Diethylenimide Oxide is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile boiler water treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.
Diethylenimide Oxide decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.

Because of its volatility being the same as water, upon addition to water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.
Diethylenimide Oxide's pH-adjusting qualities become more distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.

Diethylenimide Oxide, an organic compound with both amine and ether groups, obtained by dehydrating diethanolamine with sulphuric acid.
Diethylenimide Oxide can be adapted to many different activities for many important applications.
Some of its different adaptation can be seen in following applications like it functions as an intermediate in the production of rubber chemicals even as optical brighteners.

Diethylenimide Oxide acts as an effective corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.
Diethylenimide Oxide can utilized as pharma chemicals and antioxidants for lubricating oils.
Diethylenimide Oxide can be used as emulsifiers in waxes and polishes processing industries.

Diethylenimide Oxide is a very good pH adjuster which is very effective for nuclear power plants.
One more reason for it to be used is because of its rate of vapourization which is quiet similar to water; so what happens is when it is added to water, it disperses accordingly in water in both of its liquid and vapour phases.
Diethylenimide Oxide can also be used as an ingredient in fungicides and bactericides.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 87.12 g/mol

-XLogP3: -0.9

-Exact Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 21.3Ų

-Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a fishlike odor

-Color: Colorless

-Form: Liquid

-Odor: Weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor

-Boiling Point: 128 °C

-Melting Point: -4.8 °C

-Flash Point: 38 °C

-Solubility in water: miscible

-Density: 1.007

-Vapor Density: 3

-Vapor Pressure: 10.1 mmHg

-Autoignition Temperature: 310 °C

-Viscosity: 2.23 cP

-Surface Tension: 37.5 dynes/cm

-Ionization Potential: 8.88 eV

-Refractive Index: 1.4540


Diethylenimide Oxide appears as a colorless liquid
Diethylenimide Oxide has a fishlike odor

Diethylenimide Oxide's flash point is 100 °F.
Diethylenimide Oxide is corrosive to tissue.

Diethylenimide Oxide is less dense than water
Diethylenimide Oxide is soluble in water


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2

-Rotatable Bond Count: 0

-Heavy Atom Count: 6

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 34.5

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Nitrogen Compounds -> Morpholines


Diethylenimide Oxide vapors heavier than air
Diethylenimide Oxide is used to make other chemicals

Diethylenimide Oxide is used as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.
Diethylenimide Oxide is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.

Diethylenimide Oxide is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Diethylenimide Oxide is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.

Diethylenimide Oxide is used in the following products:
-adhesives and sealants
-coating products
-inks and toners
-anti-freeze products
-biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products)
-fuels
-photo-chemicals
-polishes and waxes
-washing & cleaning products
-paper chemicals
-dyes

Diethylenimide Oxide is used in washing & cleaning products.
Diethylenimide Oxide is used in building & construction work.

Diethylenimide Oxide is used for the manufacture of chemicals and fabricated metal products.
Diethylenimide Oxide is a synthetic organic liquid used mainly as an intermediate in the production of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners

Diethylenimide Oxide is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a particular smell (smells like ammonia or fishy smell).
Diethylenimide Oxide is entirely miscible with water, as well as with lots of organic solvents.

Diethylenimide Oxide is an organic chemical compound.
This heterocycle features both amines as well as ether functional groups.

Diethylenimide Oxide is a base because of the amine.
Diethylenimide Oxide's conjugate acid is called morpholinium.

The Diethylenimide Oxide chemical is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a particular smell (smells like ammonia or fishy smell).
Diethylenimide Oxide is entirely miscible with water, as well as with lots of organic solvents.

But the Diethylenimide Oxide solubility is restricted in an alkaline aqueous liquid.
The vapor stress of the aqueous liquid of Diethylenimide Oxide is extremely close to that of water alone.
And also, Diethylenimide Oxide is good for solutions of consistent alkalinity.

SYNONYMS:

MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylene oximide
Diethylenimide oxide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
morpholin
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
CAS-110-91-8
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
EINECS 203-815-1
morpho line
morpholine-
AI3-01231
H-1, tetrahydro-
EC 203-815-1
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
4-27-00-00015
Morpholine
EN300-18064
Morpholine
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
BASF 238
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylenimide oxide
Drewamine
2-chloro-1-morpholin-4-ylethanone
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Morpholin
MORPHOLINE
Morpholine
morpholine
Morpholine
morpholine
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8 (D, 98%)
tetrahydro 1.4 oxazine
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetraidro-1,4-ossazina
DIETHYLHEXYL ADIPATE
DIETHYLHEXYL CARBONATE, N° CAS : 14858-73-2, Nom INCI : DIETHYLHEXYL CARBONATE, Nom chimique : Carbonic Acid, Bis(2- Ethylhexyl) Ester, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 238-925-9, Ses fonctions (INCI). Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. 14858-73-2 [RN] 238-925-9 [EINECS] Bis(2-ethylhexyl) carbonate Bis(2-ethylhexyl)carbonat [German] Carbonate de bis(2-éthylhexyle) [French] Carbonic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester [ACD/Index Name] DIETHYLHEXYL CARBONATE 150-96-9 [RN] bis-(2-Ethylhexyl) carbonate Bis(2-ethylhexyl)carbonate Carbonic acid,bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester DI-2-ETHYLHEXYL CARBONATE
DIETHYLHEXYL CARBONATE
DIETHYLHEXYL MALATE, N° CAS : 56235-92-8, Nom INCI : DIETHYLHEXYL MALATE, Nom chimique : Bis(2-ethylhexyl) malate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 260-070-5, Ses fonctions (INCI), Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
DIETHYLHEXYL MALATE
DIETHYLHEXYL SEBACATE, N° CAS : 122-62-3, Nom INCI : DIETHYLHEXYL SEBACATE, Nom chimique : Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 204-558-8, Ses fonctions (INCI): Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Agent filmogène : Produit un film continu sur la peau, les cheveux ou les ongles, Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit Agent plastifiant : Adoucit et rend souple une autre substance qui autrement ne pourrait pas être facilement déformée, dispersée ou être travaillée,Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances. Noms français : 1-HEXANOL, 2-ETHYL-, SEBACATE 2-ETHYLHEXYL SEBACATE BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) DECANEDIOATE BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SEBACATE Bis(éthyl-2 hexyl) sébacate DECANE DIOATE DECANEDIOIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) SEBACATE DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)-SEBACATE SEBACATE DE BIS(ETHYL-2 HEXYL) SEBACIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER Utilisation et sources d'émission Agent plastifiant
DIETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE
Diethylhexyl phthalate has good heat stability, plasticized capacity, resistance to freeze, electrical properties and good UV filtering properties.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is not soluble in water but is soluble in oil and finds use as a solvent in glow sticks.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is an organic compound and included in the class of phthalates which are used as plasticizers.

CAS Number: 117-81-7
EC Number: 204-211-0 617-060-4
Chemical Formula: C24H38O4
Molar Mass: 390.564 g·mol−1

Diethylhexyl phthalate is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO2C8H17)2.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is the most common member of the class of phthalates, which are used as plasticizers.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is the diester of phthalic acid and the branched-chain 2-ethylhexanol.
This colorless viscous liquid is soluble in oil, but not in water.

Diethylhexyl phthalate has good heat stability, plasticized capacity, resistance to freeze, electrical properties and good UV filtering properties.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used in PVC, PE, cellulose, film, artificial leather, cable, pipe material, sheet material, mold plastic and rubber.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a non-volatile solvent mainly used as a plasticizer for polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI).
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a combustible non-toxic colorless oily liquid with slight odor.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is an organic compound and included in the class of phthalates which are used as plasticizers.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a colorless liquid and the diester of phthalic acid.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is not soluble in water but is soluble in oil and finds use as a solvent in glow sticks.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a diester of phthalic acid.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a low cost, general use plasticizer, which can be useful in hydraulic fluid applications and as a dielectric fluid in capacitors.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is still widely used as a plasticizer in selected applications where volatiles are less of an issue.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also used as a hydraulic fluid and as a dielectric fluid in capacitors.

Diethylhexyl phthalate was the most widely used material as a plasticizer in manufacturing of articles made of PVC.
Due to toxicity reasons, Diethylhexyl phthalate usage has dropped and has been replaced by lower volatile phthalate and phthalate free products in some PVC and other applications

Diethylhexyl phthalate, also known as dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate or DEHP, is a member of the class of compounds known as benzoic acid esters.
Benzoic acid esters are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on Diethylhexyl phthalate pKa).
Diethylhexyl phthalate can be found in kohlrabi, which makes di(n-octyl) phthalate a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound.
Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors.

Animal studies have shown that they disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young, such as reduced anogenital distance (AGD), cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and reduced fertility.
The combination of effects associated with phthalates is called 'phthalate syndrome’ (A2883) (T3DB).

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a clear, colourless liquid which is slightly more dense than water with a slight but characteristic odour.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is miscible with most organic solvents but not soluble in water.

Diethylhexyl phthalate has several advantages over some other plasticizers in that Diethylhexyl phthalate is more economical.
Diethylhexyl phthalate provides the desired changes to physical and mechanical properties without causing changes to the chemical structure of the polymer.
Diethylhexyl phthalate jellifies quickly; in lacquer applications Diethylhexyl phthalate serves to eliminate cracks, increase resistance and provide a smooth surface.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is often used as a general purpose plasticizer.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is highly cost effective and also widely available.
Diethylhexyl phthalate broad range of characteristics such as high plasticizing efficiency, low volatility, UV-resistance, water-extracting proof, cold-resisting property, softness and electric property makes Diethylhexyl phthalate suitable for making a wide range of products.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is used in the production of synthetic rubber, as a softening agent to make the synthetic rubber easier to rebound and harder to undergo form change under pressure.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is widely used in PVC and ethyl cellulose resins to make plastic film, imitation leather, electric wire, etc.

Diethylhexyl phthalate, also known as Dioctyl phthalate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4 (CO2C8H17).
Diethylhexyl phthalate, characterized by Diethylhexyl phthalate molecular weight, high boiling point, and low vapor pressure, is one of the most widely used general emollients.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is synthesized by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with an chemical alcohol such as 2-ethyl hexanol.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a softener used in the production of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is insoluble in water and has good stability against heat, ultraviolet light, wide compatibility, and has excellent resistance to hydrolysis.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a colorless, odorless, oily liquid that doesn't evaporate easily.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a man-made substance used to keep plastics soft or more flexible.

This type of plastic can be used for medical tubing and blood storage bags, wire and cables, carpetback coating, floor tile, and adhesives.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also used in cosmetics and pesticides.

Diethylhexyl phthalate appears as a clear liquid with a mild odor.
Slightly less dense than water and insoluble in water.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.

Immediate steps should be taken to limit Diethylhexyl phthalate spread to the environment.
As a liquid, can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams.

Eye contact may produce severe irritation and direct skin contact may produce mild irritation.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used in the manufacture of a variety of plastics and coating products.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a phthalate ester and a diester.

Applications of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a phthalate ester which is used in the manufacture of a wide range of plastics and coating products.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer in PVC paste and pulp mixtures and as an additive in many other processes.

Diethylhexyl phthalate can be found in many end products including PVC soles for shoes and slippers, synthetic leather, waterproof membranes, paints, varnishes, floor coverings, door mats and hoses.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also used in the calendaring process of paper finishing, to produce PVC granules, as a hydraulic or dielectric fluid in capacitors, in toxicology studies and in risk assessment studies on food contamination which occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a plasticizer used in the production of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is one of the most widely used plasticizers in PVC due to Diethylhexyl phthalate low cost.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a general-purpose plasticizer and long-time industry standard known for Diethylhexyl phthalate good stability to heat and ultraviolet light, and broad range of compatibility for use with PVC resins.
Diethylhexyl phthalate can also be used as dielectric and hydraulic fluids.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also a solvent for many chemicals, such as in glowsticks.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is a non-volatile solvent mainly used as a plasticizer for polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI).

Plasticizers for:
Cables and wires.
Building and construction for cladding and roof membranes.

PVC pipes and flooring.
Others such as hoses, shoe soles sealings industrial doors, swimming pool covers, shower curtains, roofing materials, water beds, furniture and disposable gloves.

Plastic Industry:

Plasticizers:
Diethylhexyl phthalate can be used as a softening agent, such as to make Diethylhexyl phthalate easier to rebound and harder to undergo form change under pressure, without affecting of the plastics.
Diethylhexyl phthalate possesses Diethylhexyl phthalate good plasticizing properties thanks to the ability to make the long polimers molecules to slide against one another.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is extensively used in processing polyvinyl choride and ethylcellulose resins to produce plastic film, imitation leather, electric wire, cable wearer, sheet, planet, mould plastic products and used in nitrocellulose paints.
Diethylhexyl phthalate has the applications in the industry of automotive, building and construction material, flooring, medical device.

Wood Coating:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used in the industrial wood coating to enhance the performance properties of the wood coatings formulations.

Medical Devices:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used a plasticiser in the manufacture of medical and sanitary products, such as blood bags and dialysis equipment.
Diethylhexyl phthalate has a further and unique role in blood bags because Diethylhexyl phthalate actually helps to prolong the life of the blood itself.
Diethylhexyl phthalate also stabilises the membranes of red blood cells enabling blood product storage in PVC blood bags for several weeks.

Plastics may contain from 1% to 40% of Diethylhexyl phthalate.

Uses of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer and dye carrier for film, wire, cables, and adhesives.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer in carpet backing, packaging films, medical tubing, blood storage bags, floor tile, wire, cables, and adhesives.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also used in cosmetics and pesticides.

There are no known commercial uses for pure DnOP.
However, DnOP constitutes approximately 20% of C6-10 phthalate substance.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is used in PVC utilized in the manufacture of flooring and carpet tile, canvas tarps, swimming pool liners, notebook covers, traffic cones, toys, vinyl gloves, garden hoses, weather stripping, flea collars, and shoes.
DnOP-containing phthalate substances are also used in PVC intended for food applications such as seam cements, bottle cap liners, and conveyor belts.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is principally used as a plasticizer in the production of plastics and PVC resins.
When used as a plasticizer, Diethylhexyl phthalate can represent 5-60% of the total weight of the plastics and resins.

Diethylhexyl phthalate increases flexibility and enhances or alters the properties of Diethylhexyl phthalate.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also used for cellulose ester and polystyrene resins, as a dye carrier in plastic production (primarily PVC), and as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of adhesives, plastisols, and nitrocellulose lacquer coatings.
Diethylhexyl phthalate also serves as a carrier for catalysts or initiators and as a substitute for electrical capacitor fluid.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is monomeric plasticizer for vinyl and cellulosic resins.

Due to Diethylhexyl phthalate suitable properties and the low cost, Diethylhexyl phthalate is widely used as a plasticizer in manufacturing of articles made of PVC.
Plastics may contain 1% to 40% of Diethylhexyl phthalate.

Diethylhexyl phthalate is also used as a hydraulic fluid and as a dielectric fluid in capacitors.
Diethylhexyl phthalate also finds use as a solvent in glowsticks.

Approximately three million tonnes are produced and used annually worldwide.

Manufacturers of flexible PVC articles can choose among several alternative plasticizers offering similar technical properties as Diethylhexyl phthalate.
These alternatives include other phthalates such as diisononyl phthalate (DINP), di-2-propyl heptyl phthalate (DPHP), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), and non-phthalates such as 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), and citrate esters.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Environmental exposure of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is a component of many household items, including tablecloths, floor tiles, shower curtains, garden hoses, rainwear, dolls, toys, shoes, medical tubing, furniture upholstery, and swimming pool liners.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is an indoor air pollutant in homes and schools.

Common exposures come from the use of Diethylhexyl phthalate as a fragrance carrier in cosmetics, personal care products, laundry detergents, colognes, scented candles, and air fresheners.
The most common exposure to Diethylhexyl phthalate comes through food with an average consumption of 0.25 milligrams per day.

Diethylhexyl phthalate can also leach into a liquid that comes in contact with the plastic.
Diethylhexyl phthalate extracts faster into nonpolar solvents (e.g. oils and fats in foods packed in PVC).

Fatty foods that are packaged in plastics that contain Diethylhexyl phthalate are more likely to have higher concentrations such as milk products, fish or seafood, and oils.
The US FDA therefore permits use of Diethylhexyl phthalate-containing packaging only for foods that primarily contain water.

Diethylhexyl phthalate can leach into drinking water from discharges from rubber and chemical factories; The US EPA limits for Diethylhexyl phthalate in drinking water is 6 ppb.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is also commonly found in bottled water, but unlike tap water, the EPA does not regulate levels in bottled water.

Diethylhexyl phthalate levels in some European samples of milk, were found at 2000 times higher than the EPA Safe Drinking Water limits (12,000 ppb).
Levels of Diethylhexyl phthalate in some European cheeses and creams were even higher, up to 200,000 ppb, in 1994.

Additionally, workers in factories that utilize Diethylhexyl phthalate in production experience greater exposure.
The U.S. agency OSHA's limit for occupational exposure is 5 mg/m3 of air.

Use in medical devices of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is the most common phthalate plasticizer in medical devices such as intravenous tubing and bags, IV catheters, nasogastric tubes, dialysis bags and tubing, blood bags and transfusion tubing, and air tubes.
Diethylhexyl phthalate makes these plastics softer and more flexible and was first introduced in the 1940s in blood bags.

For this reason, concern has been expressed about leachates of Diethylhexyl phthalate transported into the patient, especially for those requiring extensive infusions or those who are at the highest risk of developmental abnormalities, e.g. newborns in intensive care nursery settings, hemophiliacs, kidney dialysis patients, neonates, premature babies, lactating, and pregnant women.
According to the European Commission Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER), exposure to Diethylhexyl phthalate may exceed the tolerable daily intake in some specific population groups, namely people exposed through medical procedures such as kidney dialysis.

The American Academy of Pediatrics has advocated not to use medical devices that can leach Diethylhexyl phthalate into patients and, instead, to resort to Diethylhexyl phthalate-free alternatives.
In July 2002, the U.S. FDA issued a Public Health Notification on Diethylhexyl phthalate, stating in part, "We recommend considering such alternatives when these high-risk procedures are to be performed on male neonates, pregnant women who are carrying male fetuses, and peripubertal males" noting that the alternatives were to look for non-Diethylhexyl phthalate exposure solutions; they mention a database of alternatives.

The CBC documentary The Disappearing Male raised concerns about sexual development in male fetal development, miscarriage), and as a cause of dramatically lower sperm counts in men.
A review article in 2010 in the Journal of Transfusion Medicine showed a consensus that the benefits of a lifesaving treatments with these devices far outweigh the risks of Diethylhexyl phthalate leaching out of these devices.

Although more research is needed to develop alternatives to Diethylhexyl phthalate that gives the same benefits of being soft and flexible, which are required for most medical procedures.
If a procedure requires one of these devices and if patient is at high risk to suffer from Diethylhexyl phthalate then a Diethylhexyl phthalate alternative should be considered if medically safe.

Metabolism of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate hydrolyzes to mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and subsequently to phthalate salts.
The released alcohol is susceptible to oxidation to the aldehyde and carboxylic acid.

Manufacturing process of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
All manufacturers of phthalate esters use the same processes.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is manufactured by phthalic sterilization of anhydride with 2-ethyl-hexanol.
This reaction occurs in two successive stages. The first stage of the reaction leads to the formation of a monoester by the de-alcoholization of phthalic acid, this step is completed quickly.

The second step of the production of Diethylhexyl phthalate involves converting the monoster to a diester.
This is a reversible reaction and proceeds more slowly than the first reaction.

To change the equilibrium towards the diester, the reaction water is removed by distillation.
High temperatures and catalysts accelerate the reaction rate.
Depending on the catalyst used, the temperature in the second stage varies from 140°C to 165°C with acidic catalysts and from 200°C to 250°C with amphoteric catalysts.

Purity changes may occur depending on the catalyst, the reacting alcohol, and the type of process.
Excess alcohol is recovered and the Iran Diethylhexyl phthalate is purified by vacuum distillation.

The reaction sequence is performed in a closed system.
This process can be performed sequentially or in batches.

Manufacturing Methods of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is produced commercially as a component of mixed phthalate esters, including straight- chain C6, C8, and Cl0 phthalates.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is produced at atmospheric pressure or in a vacuum by heating an excess of n-octanol with phthalic anhydride in the presence of an esterification catalyst such as sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.

The process may be either continuous or discontinuous.
Diethylhexyl phthalate can also be produced by the reaction of n-octylbromide with phthalic anhydride.
Diethylhexyl phthalate is formed via the esterification of n-octanol with phthalic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst (sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid) or noncatalytically at high temperature.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

MeSH Pharmacological Classification:

Plasticizers:
Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticizers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment.

Identification of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Analytic Laboratory Methods:

Method: DOE OM100R
Procedure: gas chromatography with mass spectrometer ion trap detector
Analyte: Diethylhexyl phthalate
Matrix: solid waste matrices, soils, and groundwater
Detection Limit: 160 ug/L.

Method: EPA-EAD 1625
Procedure: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Analyte: Diethylhexyl phthalate
Matrix: water
Detection Limit: 10 ug/L.

Method: EPA-EAD 606
Procedure: gas chromatography with electron capture detector
Analyte: Diethylhexyl phthalate
Matrix: wastewater and other waters
Detection Limit: 3 ug/L.

Method: EPA-NERL 506
Procedure: gas chromatography with photoionization detection
Analyte: Diethylhexyl phthalate
Matrix: drinking water
Detection Limit: 6.42 ug/L.

Production of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is produced commercially by the reaction of excess 2-ethylhexanol with phthalic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or para-toluenesulfonic acid.
Diethylhexyl phthalate was first produced in commercial quantities in Japan circa 1933 and in the United States in 1939.

Diethylhexyl phthalate has two stereocenters, located at the carbon atoms carrying the ethyl groups.
As a result, has three distinct stereoisomers, consisting of an (R,R) form, an (S,S) form (diastereomers), and a meso (R, S) form.
As most 2-ethylhexanol is produced as a racemic mixture, commercially-produced Diethylhexyl phthalate is therefore almost always racemic as well, and consists of equal amounts of all three stereoisomers.

Properties of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate, is clear, colourless, viscous liquid with a slight, characteristic odor.
Soluble in ethanol, ether, mineral oil and the majority of organic solvents.
Immiscible with water, resistant to hydrolysis and air oxygen activity.

Diethylhexyl phthalate high plasticizing efficiency, fusion rate, visosity, low volatility, UV-resisting property, water-extracting proof, cold-resisting property, and also good softness and electric property found a lot of applications in many offshoots of the industry.

Effects on living organisms of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Endocrine disruption:
Diethylhexyl phthalate, along with other phthalates, is believed to cause endocrine disruption in males, through Diethylhexyl phthalate action as an androgen antagonist, and may have lasting effects on reproductive function, for both childhood and adult exposures.
Prenatal phthalate exposure has been shown to be associated with lower levels of reproductive function in adolescent males.

In another study, airborne concentrations of Diethylhexyl phthalate at a PVC pellet plant were significantly associated with a reduction in sperm motility and chromatin DNA integrity.
Additionally, the authors noted the daily intake estimates for Diethylhexyl phthalate were comparable to the general population, indicating a "high percentage of men are exposed to levels of Diethylhexyl phthalate that may affect sperm motility and chromatin DNA integrity".

The claims have received support by a study using dogs as a "sentinel species to approximate human exposure to a selection of chemical mixtures present in the environment".
The authors analyzed the concentration of Diethylhexyl phthalate and other common chemicals such as PCBs in testes from dogs from five different world regions.
The results showed that regional differences in concentration of the chemicals are reflected in dog testes and that pathologies such as tubule atrophy and germ cells were more prevalent in testes of dogs proveining from regions with higher concentrations.

Development:
Diethylhexyl phthalate exposure during pregnancy has been shown to disrupt placental growth and development in mice, resulting in higher rates of low birthweight, premature birth, and fetal loss.
In a separate study, exposure of neonatal mice to Diethylhexyl phthalate through lactation caused hypertrophy of the adrenal glands and higher levels of anxiety during puberty.
In another study, pubertal administration of higher-dose Diethylhexyl phthalate delayed puberty in rats, reduced testosterone production, and inhibited androgen-dependent development; low doses showed no effect.

Government and industry response of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Taiwan:
In October 2009, Consumers' Foundation, Taiwan (CFCT) published test results that found 5 out of the sampled 12 shoes contained over 0.1% of phthalate plasticizer content, including Diethylhexyl phthalate, which exceeds the government's Toy Safety Standard (CNS 4797).
CFCT recommend that users should first wear socks to avoid direct skin contact.

In May 2011, the illegal use of the plasticizer Diethylhexyl phthalate in clouding agents for use in food and beverages has been reported in Taiwan.
An inspection of products initially discovered the presence of plasticizers.
As more products were tested, inspectors found more manufacturers using Diethylhexyl phthalate and DINP.
The Department of Health confirmed that contaminated food and beverages had been exported to other countries and regions, which reveals the widespread prevalence of toxic plasticizers.

European Union:
Concerns about chemicals ingested by children when chewing plastic toys prompted the European Commission to order a temporary ban on phthalates in 1999, the decision of which is based on an opinion by the Commission's Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE).
A proposal to make the ban permanent was tabled.

Until 2004, EU banned the use of Diethylhexyl phthalate along with several other phthalates (DBP, BBP, DINP, DIDP and DNOP) in toys for young children.
In 2005, the Council and the Parliament compromised to propose a ban on three types of phthalates (DINP, DIDP, and DNOP) "in toys and childcare articles which can be placed in the mouth by children".
Therefore, more products than initially planned will thus be affected by the directive.

In 2008, six substances were considered to be of very high concern (SVHCs) and added to the Candidate List including musk xylene, MDA, HBCDD, DEHP, BBP, and DBP.
In 2011, those six substances have been listed for Authorization in Annex XIV of REACH by Regulation (EU) No 143/2011.
According to the regulation, phthalates including DEHP, BBP and DBP will be banned from February 2015.

In 2012, Danish Environment Minister Ida Auken announced the ban of DEHP, DBP, DIBP and BBP, pushing Denmark ahead of the European Union which has already started a process of phasing out phthalates.
However, Diethylhexyl phthalate was postponed by two years and would take effect in 2015 and not in December 2013, which was the initial plan.
The reason is that the four phthalates are far more common than expected and that producers cannot phase out phthalates as fast as the Ministry of Environment requested.

In 2012, France became the first country in the EU to ban the use of Diethylhexyl phthalate in pediatrics, neonatal, and maternity wards in hospitals.

Diethylhexyl phthalate has now been classified as a Category 1B reprotoxin, and is now on the Annex XIV of the European Union's REACH legislation.
Diethylhexyl phthalate has been phased out in Europe under REACH and can only be used in specific cases if an authorization has been granted.
Authorizations are granted by the European Commission, after obtaining the opinion of the Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) and the Committee for Socio-economic Analysis (SEAC) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).

California:
Diethylhexyl phthalate is classified as a "chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm" (in this case, both) under the terms of Proposition 65.

Handling and storage of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Precautions for safe handling:
Work under hood.
Do not inhale substance/mixture.
Avoid generation of vapours/aerosols.

Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.

Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 6.1C: Combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

Storage of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Diethylhexyl phthalate should be stored in tightly-closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place.

Diethylhexyl phthalate should be handled in accordance with good industry safety and hygiene practices.
Relevant engineering controls should be implemented.

Diethylhexyl phthalate may cause skin irritation if contact is repeated or prolonged, as well as severe eye irritation.
Risks from inhalation of vapour are minimal at room temperature but may cause irritation at higher temperatures.
Personal protective equipment including approved safety glasses, impervious clothing and gloves must be worn, and respirators should be worn where deemed necessary by risk assessments for the task being carried out.

Stability and reactivity of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Reactivity:
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating.
A range from approx. 15 Kelvin below the flash point is to be rated as critical.

Chemical stability
Diethylhexyl phthalate is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Conditions to avoid
Strong heating.

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First aid measures of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

General advice:
Show Diethylhexyl phthalate safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:

After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:

After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:

After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For Diethylhexyl phthalate no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Carbon oxides
Combustible.

Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors.
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters:
Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus.
Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing.

Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental release measures of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Do not breathe vapors, aerosols.
Avoid substance contact.

Ensure adequate ventilation.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.

Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.

Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

Identifiers of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
CAS Number: 117-81-7
ChEBI: CHEBI:17747
ChEMBL: ChEMBL402794
ChemSpider: 21106505
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.829
EC Number: 204-211-0 617-060-4
KEGG: C03690
PubChem CID: 8343
RTECS number: TI0350000
UNII: C42K0PH13C
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5020607
InChI: InChI=1S/C24H38O4/c1-5-9-13-19(7-3)17-27-23(25)21-15-11-12-16-22(21)24(26)28-18-20(8-4)14-10-6-2/h11-12,15-16,19-20H,5-10,13-14,17-18H2,1-4H3
Key: BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: O=C(OCC(CC)CCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1C(OCC(CC)CCCC)=O

Synonym(s): Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DEHP, DOP, Phthalic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl ester)
Linear Formula: C6H4-1,2-[CO2CH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3]2
CAS Number: 117-81-7
Molecular Weight: 390.56
Beilstein: 1890696
EC Number: 204-211-0
MDL number: MFCD00009493
PubChem Substance ID: 24893594
NACRES: NA.22

Properties of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Chemical formula: C24H38O4
Molar mass: 390.564 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid
Density: 0.99 g/mL (20°C)
Melting point: −50 °C (−58 °F; 223 K)
Boiling point: 385 °C (725 °F; 658 K)
Solubility in water: 0.00003% (23.8 °C)
Vapor pressure: < 0.01 mmHg (20 °C)
Refractive index (nD): 1.4870

vapor density: >16 (vs air)
Quality Level: 200
vapor pressure: 1.2 mmHg ( 93 °C)
Assay: ≥99.5%
form: oil
autoignition temp.: 734 °F
impurities: ≤0.05% water (Karl Fischer)
color: APHA: ≤10

refractive index:
n25/D 1.483-1.487
n20/D 1.486 (lit.)

bp: 384 °C (lit.)
mp: −50 °C (lit.)

density:
0.985-0.987 g/mL at 20 °C
0.985 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

suitability: suitable for acidity (<=0.003%as phthalic acid)

SMILES string: CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC
InChI: 1S/C24H38O4/c1-5-9-13-19(7-3)17-27-23(25)21-15-11-12-16-22(21)24(26)28-18-20(8-4)14-10-6-2/h11-12,15-16,19-20H,5-10,13-14,17-18H2,1-4H3
InChI key: BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 390.6 g/mol
XLogP3: 9.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 18
Exact Mass: 390.27700969 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 390.27700969 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 28
Complexity: 369
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Names of Diethylhexyl phthalate:

Regulatory process names:
Di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)
Dioctyl phthalate
Dioctyl phthalate
dioctyl phthalate

IUPAC names:
1,2-dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Di-n-octyl Phthalate
dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
dioctyl phtalate
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Dioctyl phthalate
dioctyl phthalate

Preferred IUPAC name:
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate

Other names:
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Di-sec octyl phthalate (archaic)
DEHP
Isooctyl phthalate, di-
DNOP

Other identifiers:
117-84-0
27214-90-0
8031-29-6

Synonyms of Diethylhexyl phthalate:
Dioctyl phthalate
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
117-84-0
dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
DNOP
Vinicizer 85
Dinopol NOP
n-Octyl phthalate
Phthalic acid, dioctyl ester
Phthalic acid di-n-octyl ester
Dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Dioctyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Bis(n-octyl) phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-dioctyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester
RCRA waste number U107
di-octyl phthalate
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove
NSC 15318
N-Dioctyl phthalate
CCRIS 6196
o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarbonic acid, dioctyl ester
HSDB 1345
AI3-15071 (USDA)
EINECS 204-214-7
8031-29-6
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech]
RCRA waste no. U107
BRN 1915994
Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-n-octyl ester
UNII-8X3RJ0527W
DTXSID1021956
CHEBI:34679
8X3RJ0527W
NSC-15318
NCGC00090781-02
DTXCID801956
Phthalic acid, bis-n-octyl ester
CAS-117-84-0
Di-n-octyl phthalate, analytical standard
Dioktylftalat
Diocyl phthalate
n-Dioctylphthalate
1, dioctyl ester
Vinycizer 85
Phthalate, Dioctyl
di-n-octylphthalate
Dioctyl o-phthalate
Phthalic acid dioctyl
Dioctyl phthalate, n-
DOP (CHRIS Code)
Dioctyl phthalate, n-;
Phtalate de dioctyle normal
Di-n-octylphthalate (DnOP)
SCHEMBL23053
BIDD:ER0319
DnOP (Di-n-octyl phthalate)
CHEMBL1409747
NSC15318
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE [HSDB]
Tox21_111020
Tox21_202233
Tox21_300549
Di-n-octyl phthalate, p.a., 99%
LS-594
MFCD00015292
STL280370
O-Benzenedicarboxylicacid Dioctylester
AKOS015889916
1,2-dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
NCGC00090781-01
NCGC00090781-03
NCGC00090781-04
NCGC00090781-05
NCGC00254360-01
NCGC00259782-01
Di-n-octyl phthalate, >=98.0% (GC)
FT-0655747
FT-0667608
P0304
EN300-40135
IS_DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE-3,4,5,6-D4
A803836
Q908490
J-003672
J-520376
F0001-0293
Z407875554
Di-n-octyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]morpholine
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphoryl]morpholin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphoryl]morpholine [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphoryl]morpholine [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
545-82-4 [RN]
Aziridine, 1,1'-(4-morpholinylphosphinylidene)bis-
Aziridine, 1,1'-(morpholinophosphinylidene)bis-
Bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholinophosphine oxide
Dioctyl phthalate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Morpholine, 4-[bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]- [ACD/Index Name]
4-(di(aziridin-1-yl)phosphoryl)morpholine
4-[BIS(AZIRIDIN-1-YL)PHOSPHOROSO]MORPHOLINE
4-[bis(aziridin-1-yl)phosphoryl]morpholine
Aziridine, 1, 1'-(4-morpholinylphosphinylidene)bis-
Lederle 7-7344
MEPA
Morpholine, 4-(bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl)- (9CI)
Morpholine, 4-[bis (1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]-
N-(3-Oxapentamethylene)-N',N''-diethylenephosphoramide
N, N'-Diethylene-N''-(3-oxapentamethylene)phosphoramide
N,N'-Diethylene-N''-(3-oxapentamethylene)phosphoramide
ODEPA
Oxa DEPA
Phosphine oxide, bis (1-aziridinyl)morpholino-
Phosphine oxide, bis(1-aziridinyl)-4-morpholinyl-
Phosphine oxide, bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholino-
Phosphine oxide, bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholino- (8CI)
Dioctyl phthalate
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
117-84-0
dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Dinopol NOP
n-Octyl phthalate
Vinicizer 85
DNOP
Phthalic acid, dioctyl ester
Polycizer 162
Phthalic acid di-n-octyl ester
Dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Dioctyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-dioctyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester
Bis(n-octyl) phthalate
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove
NSC 15318
UNII-8X3RJ0527W
1,2-Benzenedicarbonic acid, dioctyl ester
CHEBI:34679
8X3RJ0527W
MFCD00015292
68515-43-5
NCGC00090781-02
DSSTox_CID_1956
DSSTox_RID_76425
DSSTox_GSID_21956
8031-29-6
octyl 2-(octyloxycarbonyl)benzoate
di-octyl phthalate
CAS-117-84-0
Di-n-octyl phthalate, analytical standard
CCRIS 6196
HSDB 1345
AI3-15071 (USDA)
EINECS 204-214-7
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech]
RCRA waste no. U107
BRN 1915994
Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-n-octyl ester
1, dioctyl ester
Vinycizer 85
di-n-octylphthalate
Dioctyl o-phthalate
Phthalic acid dioctyl
Phthalic acid, bis-n-octyl ester
0014AD
ANW-17052
Di-n-octyl phthalate, p.a., 99%
NSC-15318
SBB008723
STL280370
AKOS015889916
MCULE-5138747558
1,2-dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Di-n-octyl phthalate, >=98.0% (GC)
LS-15074
FT-0655747
FT-0667608
P0304
ST50826905
C14227
1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID DIOCTYL ESTER
Di-n-octyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
DIETHYLHEXYL SEBACATE ( SEBACATE DE BIS(ETHYL-2 HEXYL))
DIETHYLHEXYL SUCCINATE, N° CAS : 2915-57-3, Nom INCI : DIETHYLHEXYL SUCCINATE, Nom chimique : Bis(2-ethylhexyl) succinate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 220-836-1, Ses fonctions (INCI):Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent filmogène : Produit un film continu sur la peau, les cheveux ou les ongles. Agent plastifiant : Adoucit et rend souple une autre substance qui autrement ne pourrait pas être facilement déformée, dispersée ou être travaillée. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances
DIETHYLHEXYL SUCCINATE
cyclohexane, 1,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-; cyclohexane, diisooctyl-; dioctyl cyclohexane; dioctylcyclohexane; 1,3- dioctylcyclohexane; 1,3-bis(2- ethyl hexyl) cyclohexane
DIETHYLHEXYLCYCLOHEXANE
Diethylaminoethanol; 2-Dietilaminoetanol; 2-Diéthylaminoéthanol; 2-Diethylaminoethanol; 2-Hydroxytriethylamine; 2-N,N-diethylaminoethanol; beta-diethylaminoethanol; beta-hydroxytriethylamine; diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Diethylaminoethanol; Diethylethanolamine; DEAE; N-diethylaminoethanol; N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; N,N-Diethylethanolamine; N,N-diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl) Amine; cas no: 100-37-8
DIETILAMINOETANOL-(DEAE)
DETA; N-(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-Ethanediamine; DTA; 2,2'-Diaminodiethylamine; Aminoethylethanediamine; 1,4,7-Triazaheptane; Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine; N-(2-aminoethyl)ethylenediamine; 3-Azapentane-1,5-diamine; Bis(beta-aminoethyl)amine; 2,2'-Iminobis(ethanamine); 2,2'-Iminobisethylamine; cas no:111-40-0
DIETILENTETRAAMIN-(DETA)
N-Ethyl-N-hydroxy-Ethanamine; N,N-Diethylhydroxylamine; DEHA cas no: 3710-84-7
DIETILHEKZILAMIN-(DEHA)
Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid; (Carboxymethylimino)bis(ethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid, N,N-Bis(2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl)glycine, DETAPAC, DTPA, Penta(carboxymethyl)diethylenetriamine, Pentetic acid cas no:67-43-6
DIETYLENETRIAMINPENTAACETIC ACID 
Di(isooctadecanoic) acid, diester with oxydi(propanediol); Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with diglycerol; Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with oxybis(propenediol); Polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate; cas no: 67938-21-0
DIGLYCERYL DIISOSTEARATE
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester; BIS(2-METHYLPROPYL)PHTHALATE; DIBP; DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE; DI-ISO-BUTYL PHTHALATE-3,4,5,6-D4; DI-ISO-BUTYL PHTHALATE-D4; PHTHALIC ACID, BIS-ISO-BUTYL ESTER; PHTHALIC ACID DIISOBUTYL ESTER; Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove; Hexaplas M/1B; Isobutyl phthalate; Kodaflex DIBP; Palatinol 1C; Palatinol IC; Uniplex 155; Diisobutyl o-phthalate; Diisobutylphthalate,99%; BIS(METHYL-PROPYL)PHTHALATE; DIISOBUTYLPHTHALATEESTER; Phthalsurediisobutylester CAS NO:84-69-5
DIGLYCOLAMINE
CAS: 929-06-6
European Community (EC) Number: 213-195-4
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Average mass: 105.136 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol

DESCRIPTION:

Diglycolamine (DGA), a versatile amine used across a range of applications.
Diglycolamine is used in gas treating as an amine solvent for the bulk removal of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and carbonyl sulfide.
Other major applications include electronics and metalworking, and Diglycolamine is an intermediate for products in end-use applications ranging from agrochemicals to polyurethane foam insulation.

Diglycolamine appears as a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Diglycolamine is combustible but difficult to ignite.
Diglycolamine is corrosive to tissue.
Combustion of Diglycolamine produces toxic oxides of nitrogen.

Diglycolamine is an essentially colorless, slightly viscous liquid.
Diglycolamine is a non-volatile primary amine with a low tendency to leach cobalt, aluminum, or copper.
Diglycolamine is 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol.

Diglycolamine is a versatile amine used across a range of applications.
Diglycolamine is used in gas treating as an amine solvent for the bulk removal of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and carbonyl sulfide.



Other major applications include electronics and metalworking, and it is an intermediate for products in end-use applications ranging from agrochemicals to polyurethane foam insulation.
Diglycolamine is essentially colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild amine odor.
DGA is miscible with water, alcohols, and aromatic hydrocarbons, but relatively immiscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethyl ether.
Isometric with diethanolamine; however, the primary H2N group makes Diglycolamine more reactive.



CAS: 929-06-6
European Community (EC) Number: 213-195-4
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Average mass: 105.136 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol







CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIGLYCOLAMINE:
Molecular Weight: 105.14
XLogP3-AA: -1.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 105.078978594
Monoisotopic Mass: 105.078978594
Topological Polar Surface Area: 55.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 32.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Boiling point, C (F): 221 (430)
Flash point, PMCC, C (F): 124 (255)
Freezing point, C (F) :-12 (10)
pH: 12
Specific gravity, 20/20C: 1
Vapor pressure, mm Hg, 20C (68F): < 0.01
Vapor Density: 4
Viscosity, cSt, 51.7C (125F) :7.5
Water solubility: > 10









CAS: 929-06-6
European Community (EC) Number: 213-195-4
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Average mass: 105.136 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol







FEATURES OF DIGLYCOLAMINE:
• Primary Amine
• Isomeric with DEA
• Inventory listed (TSCA, EINECS, MITI, DSL, AICS)
• Used commercially in U.S. and Europe as DEA replacement
• Low toxicity profile
• Non-mutagenic
• Non-dermal sensitizer
• Lower volatility, higher boiling and flash points than other DEA substitutes
• Lower freezing points than other DEA substitutes
• Provides buffering and corrosion protection
• Lime-tolerant
• Readily forms amides


BENEFITS OF DIGLYCOLAMINE:
• DEA free
• Reacts readily with acids to form amides and salts
• Stoichiometrically equivalent to DEA
• Minimal disposal problems
• Reduced volatility and respiratory concerns; Good cold weather handling
• Similar to DEA in providing buffering capacity
• Amides provide lubricity, emulsification, hard water stability




APPLICATIONS OF DIGLYCOLAMINE AGENT:
DIGLYCOLAMINE is Used for carbonyl sulfide (COS) removal from liquid hydrocarbon streams
DIGLYCOLAMINE is Used as a selective solvent for recovery of aromatics from refinery streams
DIGLYCOLAMINE Removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.
DIGLYCOLAMINE is used in Preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.



CAS: 929-06-6
European Community (EC) Number: 213-195-4
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Average mass: 105.136 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIGLYCOLAMINE:
FIRST AID:
Eye Contact:
Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 30 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact lenses, if worn, while flushing.
Seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:
Quickly remove contaminated clothing.
Immediately wash contaminated skin with large amounts of water.
Seek medical attention.

Inhalation:
Remove the person from exposure.
Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped.

Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
Medical observation is recommended for several days after exposure or if symptoms are present, as some symptoms may be delayed.
TOXICITY AND SAFETY:
The principal health hazard from accidental exposure to DIGLYCOLAMINE agent is a moderate-to-severe irritation/corrosion of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.
Chemical-type goggles with face shield must be worn during handling or use of the undiluted product or concentrated solutions.
Contact lenses should not be worn.

Protective clothing, and gloves resistant to chemicals and petroleum distillates, must be worn.
Should accidental eye contact occur, flush eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Eyelids should be held apart to permit rinsing of entire surface of eyes and lids.
Get medical attention immediately.

For skin contact, immediately flush skin with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attention immediately.
Contaminated clothing should be laundered before reuse.

Personal Protective Equipment:
The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train employees on how and when to use protective equipment.
The following recommendations are only guidelines and may not apply to every situation.

Gloves and Clothing:
Avoid skin contact with 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol.
Wear personal protective equipment made from material which can not be permeated or degraded by this substance.
Safety equipment suppliers and manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove and clothing material for your operation.
Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Silver Shield®/4H® for gloves and Tychem® fabrics; Zytron® 300; Saint-Gobain ONESuit® TEC; and Trellchem® fabrics, or the equivalent, as protective materials for Diethylamine.
All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.

Eye Protection:
Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles when working with liquids.
Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances.


Fire Hazards:
If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard (29 CFR 1910.156).
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol may burn, but does not readily ignite.
Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray or foam as extinguishing agents.
Water or foam may cause frothing. DO NOT use solid streams of water.
POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Nitrogen Oxides and Ammonia.
Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.


Handling and Storage:
Prior to working with 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol you should be trained on its proper handling and storage.
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol reacts violently with STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and NITRIC).
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol reacts with REDUCING AGENTS (such as LITHIUM, SODIUM, ALUMINUM and their HYDRIDES) to produce flammable and explosive Hydrogen gas.
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol is not compatible with ISOCYANATES; HALOGENATED ORGANICS (such as TRICHLOROETHANE and METHYLENE CHLORIDE); METALS and their ALLOYS (such as COPPER, ZINC, and GALVANIZED IRON); PHENOLS; ALCOHOLS; EPOXIDES; ANHYDRIDES; and ACID HALIDES.
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area.
Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where 2-(2 Aminoethoxy)Ethanol is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol attacks PAINTS, RUBBER, COATINGS, and METALS.
DO NOT store in metal containers.

Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)Ethanol.



CAS: 929-06-6
European Community (EC) Number: 213-195-4
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Average mass: 105.136 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol



SYNONYMS OF DIGLYCOLAMINE:
Depositor-Supplied Synonyms:
2-(2-AMINOETHOXY)ETHANOL
929-06-6
Diglycolamine
Ethanol, 2-(2-aminoethoxy)-
2-Aminoethoxyethanol
Amino-PEG2-alcohol
2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethan-1-ol
Diethylene glycol monoamine
Diethylene glycol amine
1-Amino-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane
2-Amino-2'-hydroxydiethyl ether
5-Hydroxy-3-oxapentylamine
Diethylene glycolamine
2-(Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
Diglycolamine agent
NSC 86108
.beta.-(.beta.-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
6R5Y84T8W9
NSC-86108
.beta.-Hydroxy-.beta.'-aminoethyl ether
DSSTox_CID_7341
2-[2-aminoethoxy]ethanol
DSSTox_RID_78414
DSSTox_GSID_27341
CAS-929-06-6
HSDB 5770
5-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether
beta-(beta-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
beta-Hydroxy-beta'-aminoethyl ether
EINECS 213-195-4
MFCD00008181
UN3055
beta-Hydroxy-beta'-aminodiethyl ether
NH2-PEG2-OH
2-(2-aminoethoxy)-ethanol
BRN 0906728
UNII-6R5Y84T8W9
2-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether
2-(aminoethoxy)ethanol
2(2-aminoetoxy)ethanol
2-(aminoethoxy) ethanol
2-(2-aminoethoxyl)ethanol
EC 213-195-4
N-2-hydroxyethoxyethylamine
2-(2'-aminoethoxy)ethanol
2-(2-amino-ethoxy)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethoxy) ethanol
2-(beta-aminoethoxy)ethanol
DIGLYCOLAMINE [HSDB]
WLN: Z2O2Q
SCHEMBL18700
2-(2-amino-ethoxy) ethanol
2-(2-amino-ethoxy)-ethanol
4-04-00-01412 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
2-[(2-aminoethyl)oxy]ethanol
O-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethanolamine
CHEMBL3183757
DTXSID6027341
HO-PEG-amine, MW 2,000
HO-PEG-amine, MW 3,400
HO-PEG-amine, MW 5,000
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol, 98%
HO-PEG-amine, MW 1,000
HO-PEG-amine, MW 10,000
HO-PEG-amine, MW 20,000
AMY18064
NSC86108
ZINC1760798
beta-(beta'-hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
Tox21_201287
Tox21_303163
BBL011501
CCG-40525
STL146613
AKOS000120504
NCGC00249016-01
NCGC00257067-01
NCGC00258839-01
2-(2-AMINOETHOXY)ETHANOL [INCI]
BP-23100
BP-23355
BP-23641
BP-23642
BP-23664
BP-23967
BP-25215
BP-31037
Ethylene Glycol Mono(2-aminoethyl) Ether
VS-02964
DB-057345
A0301
FT-0608422
C70233
BETA.-HYDROXY-.BETA.'-AMINODIETHYL ETHER
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol [UN3055] [Corrosive]
W-109101
Q15977915
F2190-0373
1-Amino-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(2-Aminoéthoxy)éthanol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
213-195-4 [EINECS]
2-Aminoethoxyethanol
4-04-00-01412 [Beilstein]
5-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether
5-Hydroxy-3-oxapentylamine
929-06-6 [RN]
Diethylene glycol amine
diethylene glycol monoamine
diethylene glycolamine
Diglycolamine
Ethanol, 2- (2-aminoethoxy)-
Ethanol, 2-(2-aminoethoxy)- [ACD/Index Name]
MFCD00008181 [MDL number]
β-(β-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
β-(β-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
β-Hydroxy-β'-aminodiethyl ether
β-Hydroxy-β'-aminoethyl ether
2-(2′-Aminoethoxy)ethanol
2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethan-1-ol
2-(2-Amino-ethoxy)-ethanol
2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethylammonium
2-(HYDROXYETHOXY)ETHYLAMINE
2-[2-Aminoethoxy]ethanol
213-195-4MFCD00008181
2-Amino-2'-hydroxydiethyl ether
2-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether
2-aminoethyl-2-hydroxyethyl ether
32130-27-1 [RN]
Amino-PEG2-alcohol
Diethyleneglycolamine
Diglycolamine agent
Ethylene glycol mono(2-aminoethyl) ether
VS-02964
Z2O2Q [WLN]
β(β-hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine
β-Hydroxy-β'-aminoethyl ether






DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA)
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a colorless liquid, slightly sticky and slightly aminous.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can be dispersed in water, alcohols and aromatic olefins, but it is poorly dispersed in aliphatic olefins and ethers.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is clear, colorless to yellowish, water soluble, corrosive liquid with an ammonia-like odor.


CAS Number: 929-06-6
EC Number: 213-195-4
MDL number: MFCD00008181
Linear Formula: NH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH / C4H11NO2



SYNONYMS:
Ethanol, 2-(2-aminoethoxy)-, β-(β-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, β-Hydroxy-β'-aminoethyl ether, Diethylene glycol amine, Diethylene glycol monoamine, 1-Amino-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane, 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol, 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, 2-Amino-2'-hydroxydiethyl ether, 2-Aminoethoxyethanol, 2-(Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, 2-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether, Aminoethoxyethanol, Diglycolamine agent, 5-Hydroxy-3-oxapentylamine, NSC 86108
2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol, Diethylene glycolamine, Diglycolamine, Ethanol,2-(2-aminoethoxy)-, 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol, Diglycolamine, β-Hydroxy-β′-aminodiethyl ether, Diethylene glycol monoamine, 1-Amino-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane, 2-Amino-2′-hydroxydiethyl ether, Diethylene glycol amine, 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, β-(β-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, 2-(Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, 2-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether, 5-Amino-3-oxapentan-1-ol, 5-Hydroxy-3-oxapentylamine, NSC 86108, Diglycolamine Agent, 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethan-1-ol, O-(2-Hydroxyethyl) ethanolamine, 916852-33-0, 1790637-36-3, 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethan-1-ol, Diglykolamin, Aminodiglykol (ADG), Ethylenglycol-mono-(2-aminoethylether), Diethylenglycolamin, 2-(2-AMINOETHOXY)ETHANOL, 1-Amino-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane, 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol, 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, 2-(Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, 2-Amino-2'-hydroxydiethyl ether, 2-Aminoethoxyethanol, 2-Aminoethyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether, 5-Hydroxy-3-oxapentylamine, Aminoethoxyethanol, Diethylene glycol amine, Diethylene glycol monoamine, Diglycolamine agent, Ethanol, 2-(2-aminoethoxy)-, NSC 86108, «beta»-(«beta»-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, «beta»-Hydroxy-«beta»'-aminoethyl ether, «beta»-(«beta»-Hydroxyethoxy)ethylamine, «beta»-Hydroxy-«beta»'-aminoethyl ether, DGA, Diglycolamine, Aminoethoxyethanol, 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol, 1-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol, Ethanol, 2-(2-aminoethoxy)-, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanaminium, O-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethanolamine DGA, 2-(2-AMINOETHOXY)ETHANOL FOR SYNTHESIS, Diethylene Glycolamine, Diglycolamine, Ethylene Glycol Mono(2-aminoethyl) Ether, O-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethanolamine



Diglycolamine (DGA) is a primary amine.
Compared with other commonly used amines, Diglycolamine (DGA) has the following characteristics and advantages in the application of metal processing fluids.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is a colorless liquid, slightly sticky and slightly aminous.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can be dispersed in water, alcohols and aromatic olefins, but it is poorly dispersed in aliphatic olefins and ethers.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild amine odor.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is miscible with water, alcohols, and aromatic hydrocarbons, but relatively immiscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethyl ether.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a versatile amine used across a range of applications.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a first-type amine liquid with the chemical formula C4H11NO2, which is soluble in water, alcohol, and aromatic hydrocarbons.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is the most common amine solution in the first amine purification unit or gas sweetening unit and carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide absorption.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is essentially colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild amine odor.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is miscible with water, alcohols, and aromatic hydrocarbons, but relatively immiscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethyl
ether.
Isometric with diethanolamine; however, the primary H2N group makes it more reactive.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is clear, colorless to yellowish, water soluble, corrosive liquid with an ammonia-like odor.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a colorless liquid, slightly sticky and slightly aminous.


Diglycolamine (DGA) can be dispersed in water, alcohols and aromatic olefins, but it is poorly dispersed in aliphatic olefins and ethers.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a primary amine.
Diglycolamine (DGA), with the chemical formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2, is a derivative of alkanolamines.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid that combines the properties of amines and alcohols in its structure, having both hydroxyl and amine functionalities.
Additionally, Diglycolamine (DGA) has roles in the formulation of personal care products, acting as an emulsifier or a stabilizer, ensuring product consistency and quality.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild amine odor.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is miscible with water, alcohols, and aromatic hydrocarbons, but relatively immiscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethyl ether.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is essentially colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a mild amine odor.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is miscible with water, alcohols, and aromatic hydrocarbons, but relatively immiscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethyl ether.
Isometric with Diglycolamine (DGA); however, the primary H2N group makes it more reactive.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a primary amine, especially recommended for metalworking fluids, and can replace diethanolamine.


Diglycolamine (DGA) can be stoichiometrically equivalent to diethanolamine, can provide a similar buffer, and the resulting salt can improve the stability of hard water.
Diglycolamine (DGA) has no evaporation and has low dissolution to copper, aluminum and cobalt.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used for carbonyl sulfide (COS) removal from liquid hydrocarbon streams
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used as a selective solvent for recovery of aromatics from refinery streams
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used in gas treating as an amine solvent for the bulk removal of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and carbonyl sulfide.


Other major applications include electronics and metalworking, and Diglycolamine (DGA) is an intermediate for products in end-use applications ranging from agrochemicals to polyurethane foam insulation.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removal of COS from liquid hydrocarbon vapor.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used solvent.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removal of H2S and CO2 from natural and refinery gas and aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used foam preparation and stabilizer.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used in water treatments, gas refining, preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is mainly used as absorbent of acid gas, surfactant and wetting agent, and also as raw material of polymer.


As a desulfurizer, Diglycolamine (DGA) has excellent performance.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can also be used in high and cold conditions, especially in hot, water-deficient and desert areas.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is mainly used as absorbent of acid gas, surfactant and wetting agent, and also as raw material of polymer.


As a desulfurizer, Diglycolamine (DGA) has excellent performance.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can also be used in high and cold conditions, especially in hot, water-deficient and desert areas.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used as selective solvent for recovery of aromatics from refinery streams.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used for carbonyl sulfide (COS) removal from liquid hydrocarbon streams.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.


One of the primary applications of Diglycolamine (DGA) is in gas treatment.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is employed for the removal of acid gases like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from natural gas and refinery process streams.


Diglycolamine (DGA) acts by selectively absorbing these gases, ensuring the purification of these industrial gases.
Furthermore, for coatings and paints, Diglycolamine (DGA) serves as an additive to improve the properties of certain formulations.
Due to its unique structure, Diglycolamine (DGA) can also be used as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals and solvents.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used for carbonyl sulfide (COS) removal from liquid hydrocarbon streams
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used as a selective solvent for recovery of aromatics from refinery streams
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.
Amine gas treating, also known as amine scrubbing, gas sweetening and acid gas removal, refers to a group of processes that use aqueous solutions of various alkylamines (commonly referred to simply as amines) to remove hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from gases.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is a commonunit process used in refineries, and is also used in petrochemical plants, natural gas processing plants and other industries.
Processes within oil refineries or chemical processing plants that remove hydrogen sulfide are referred to as "sweetening" processes because the odor of the processed products is improved by the absence of hydrogen sulfide.


An alternative to the use of amines involves membrane technology.
However, membrane separation is less attractive due to the relatively high capital and operating costs as well as other technical factors.
The most commonly used of Diglycolamine (DGA) amines in industrial plants are the alkanolamines DEA, MEA, and MDEA.


These amines are also used in many oil refineries to removesour gases from liquid hydrocarbons such as liquified petroleum gas (LPG).
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used for carbonyl sulfide (COS) removal from liquid hydrocarbon streams


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used as a selective solvent for recovery of aromatics from refinery streams
Diglycolamine (DGA) is used removes carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural and refinery gas, aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids and other sour hydrocarbon steams.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used preparation of foam stabilizers, wetting and emulsifying agents, condensation polymers, photoresist strippers, and amides for personal care and metalworking applications.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is a versatile amine that can be reacted with fatty acids to form amides and amine salts for foam-boosting surfactants, stabilizers, detergents, and emulsifying and wetting agents in shampoos, metalworking, paper treating and textile operations.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is used in gas treating as an amine solvent for the bulk removal of hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide and carbonyl sulphide.
Diglycolamine (DGA) is also a key component in paint, photoresist for electronic circuit boards, corrosion inhibitors, cutting fluids, amides and other applications where primary amines are useful.


Applications of Diglycolamine (DGA): Plastics, Pesticide, Water Purify, Fabrics & Dyes, Rubber & Paper, Pharmaceuticals, Waste Treatment, and Household Cleaning.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can be used as an absorbent for acid gas.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can be used as a surfactant and wetting agent.


Diglycolamine (DGA) is also used as a raw material for polymers.
Diglycolamine (DGA) has excellent performance as a desulfurizer.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can also be used in high cold, especially suitable for hot, water shortage and desert areas.


-Many different amines are used in gas treating:
Diethanolamine (DEA)
Monoethanolamine (MEA)
Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)
Diisopropanolamine (DIPA)
Aminoethoxyethanol (Diglycolamine) (DGA)



CHARACTERISTICS AND ADVANTAGES OF DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Compared with other commonly used amines, Diglycolamine (DGA) has the following unique product characteristics and advantages:
1. The dissolution of cobalt metal is much lower than that of other amines, thereby prolonging the service life of cutting tools and having good protection against ferrous metal corrosion.
2. The dissolution/corrosion of copper metal is much lower than other amines
3. Low corrosion to aluminum metal stains
4. Higher alkali value storage capacity and pH stability
5. Low toxicity, low aquatic toxicity, not easy to generate nitrite, and no sensitization to human body
6. Easily biodegradable, low bioaccumulation, that is, high biostability
7. Low volatility helps to improve the operating environment of the factory.
The low pour point and low viscosity improve the operability of the product and the adaptability to hard water is good.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Diglycolamine (DGA) is an important polyurethane foam catalyst, its catalytic production of polyurethane foam has the characteristics of low odor, can produce rigid packaging foam, high rebound foam, widely used in automobiles, household appliances and other fields.
In addition, Diglycolamine (DGA) is a widely used pharmaceutical intermediate preparation reactant and has been used to prepare TD-4306.



FEATURES OF DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
One of the important features of Diglycolamine (DGA) solvent is its low vapor pressure and high density.
These characteristics of Diglycolamine (DGA) make the amount of circulating solvent to be reduced and the loss of solvent to be minimized if diglycolamine is used.
For this reason, Diglycolamine (DGA) is economically more affordable than monomethanol amine.



PERFORMANCE OF DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Diglycolamine (DGA) is an important solvent and organic raw material.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can dissolve with water, dissolve aromatics and absorb acid gases (H2S and CO2).



CHARACTERISTICS AND ADVANTAGES IN THE APPLICATION OF DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Compared with other commonly used amines, Diglycolamine (DGA) has the following characteristics and advantages in the application of metal processing fluids:
1. The dissolution of cobalt metal is much lower than that of other amines, which prolongs the service life of cutting tools and has good corrosion protection for ferrous metals.
2. Dissolution/corrosion of copper metal is much lower than that of other amines.
3. Low corrosion to aluminium stains
4. Higher alkali value reserve capacity and PH stability
5. Low toxicity, low aquatic biological toxicity, not easy to produce nitrite, no sensitization to human body.
6. Easily biodegradable, low bioaccumulation, i.e. high biological stability
7. Low volatility helps to improve the operating environment of the plant.
Low pour point and low viscosity improve the operability of the product.
8. Good adaptability to hard water



PERFORMANCE OF DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Diglycolamine (DGA) is an important solvent and organic raw material.
Diglycolamine (DGA) can dissolve with water, dissolve aromatics and absorb acid gases (H2S and CO2).



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
Molecular Weight: 105.14
Appearance Form: liquid
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 218 - 224 °C - lit.
Flash point: 127 °C - DIN 51758
Evaporation rate: No data available
PSA: 55.48 Ų
XLogP3: -1.37
Appearance: Yellow Crystalline Powder and/or Chunks
Density: 1.0572 g/cm³ @ 20 °C
Melting Point: -12.5 °C
Boiling Point: 221 °C

Flash Point: >230 °F
Refractive Index: 1.449
Water Solubility: Miscible with water
Storage Conditions: Store below +30°C
Vapor Pressure: Flammability characteristics: Combustible; decomposes to toxic nitrogen oxide fumes when exposed to heat
Explosive limit: 2.0-15.5% (V)
Odor: Mild amine odor
Air and Water Reactions: Water-soluble
Reactive Group: Alcohols and Polyols
Empirical Formula: C4H11NO2
Molecular Weight: 105.1

Density: 1.06 g/cm³ @ 20 °C
Boiling Point: 222.6°C
Freezing Point: -10°C
Flash Point (closed cup): 127°C
Ignition Temperature: 127°C
CAS: 929-06-6
EINECS: 213-195-4
InChI: InChI=1/C4H11NO2/c1-4(6)7-3-2-5/h4,6H,2-3,5H2,1H3
InChIKey: GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits
Upper explosion limit: 15,5 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 2,0 %(V)

Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Molecular Weight: 105.14
XLogP3-AA: -1.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 105.078978594
Monoisotopic Mass: 105.078978594
Topological Polar Surface Area: 55.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 32.9
Boiling point: 218 - 224 °C (1013 mbar)
Density: 1.06 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 2.0 - 15.5 %(V)
Flash point: 127 °C

Ignition temperature: 370 °C
Melting Point: -11 °C
pH value: 10.2 (10 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
Molar Mass: 105.14 g/mol
Density: 1.05 g/cm³
Melting Point: -12.5 °C
Boiling Point: 218-224 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: >230 °F
Water Solubility: Miscible
Vapor Pressure: Appearance: Crystalline Powder and/or Chunks
Color: Yellow
BRN: 906728
pKa: 14.37±0.10 (Predicted)

pH: 10.2 (10g/L, H2O, 20 °C)
Storage Condition: Store below +30 °C
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents.
Reacts with carbon dioxide.
Sensitivity: Air Sensitive
Explosive Limit: 2.0-15.5% (V)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.460
Min. Purity Spec: 98% (GC)
Physical Form (at 20°C): Liquid
Boiling Point: 218-224°C
Flash Point: >113°C
Density: 1.048
Long-Term Storage: Store long-term in a cool, dry place
Auto Ignition Temperature: 370 °C (698 °F)

Boiling Point: 222.5 - 223.8 °C (432.5 - 434.8 °F)
Color: colorless
Density: 1.06 g/cm3 @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Dynamic Viscosity: 8 mPa.s @ 50 °C (122 °F)
Flash Point: 127 °C (261 °F)
Kinematic Viscosity: 7.5 mm2/s @ 51.7 °C (125.1 °F)
Lower Explosion Limit: 2.0 %(V)
Melting Point: -12.5 - -10 °C (9.5 - 14 °F)
Odor: amine-like
Partition Coefficient:
Pow: -1.89
pH: 10.2 - 11.8 @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Relative Density:1.06

Relative Vapor Density: 3.6
Solubility in Water: completely miscible
Upper Explosion Limit: 15.5 %(V)
Appearance: colorless liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.04800 @ 25.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 221.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.023000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 170.00 °F. TCC ( 76.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -1.298 (est)
Soluble in: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)

Product Name: Diglycolamine
CAS No.: 929-06-6
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2
InChIKeys: InChIKey=GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 105.14
Exact Mass: 105.14
BRN: 906728
EC Number: 213-195-4
UNII: 6R5Y84T8W9
NSC Number: 86108
UN Number: 3055
DSSTox ID: DTXSID6027341
Color/Form: COLORLESS LIQUID



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Call a physician immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 240 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIGLYCOLAMINE (DGA):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


DIHEXYL PHTHALATE
cas no 84-75-3 DHP; Di-n-Hexyl Phthalate; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dihexyl ester; Dihexyl ester Phthalic acid; Di(n-Hexyl) Phthalate;
DIHYDROXYACETONE
DIHYDROXYACETONE Dihydroxyacetone Dihydroxyacetone Names Preferred IUPAC name 1,3-Dihydroxypropan-2-one Other names 1,3-Dihydroxypropanone Dihydroxyacetone DHA Glycerone Identifiers CAS Number 96-26-4 check 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image ChEBI CHEBI:16016 check ChEMBL ChEMBL1229937 ☒ ChemSpider 650 check DrugBank DB01775 check ECHA InfoCard 100.002.268 EC Number 202-494-5 KEGG D07841 check PubChem CID 670 UNII O10DDW6JOO check CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID0025072 Properties[1] Chemical formula C3H6O3 Molar mass 90.078 g·mol−1 Melting point 89 to 91 °C (192 to 196 °F; 362 to 364 K) Hazards[2] GHS pictograms Eye Irrit. 2 GHS Signal word Warning GHS hazard statements H319 GHS precautionary statements P264, P280, P305+351+338, P337+313 Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ☒ verify (what is check☒ ?) Infobox references Dihydroxyacetone /ˌdaɪhaɪˌdrɒksiˈæsɪtoʊn/ (About this soundlisten) (DHA), also known as glycerone, is a simple saccharide (a triose) with formula C 3H 6O 3. Dihydroxyacetone is primarily used as an ingredient in sunless tanning products. It is often derived from plant sources such as sugar beets and sugar cane, and by the fermentation of glycerin. Chemistry Dihydroxyacetone is a hygroscopic white crystalline powder. It has a sweet cooling taste and a characteristic odor. It is the simplest of all ketoses and has no chiral center or optical activity. The normal form is a dimer (2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxane-2,5-diol) which is slowly soluble in one part water and 15 parts ethanol.[3] When freshly prepared, it reverts rapidly to the monomer in solution. Conversion of dihydroxyacetone dimer to monomer The monomer is very soluble in water, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone and toluene. Dihydroxyacetone may be prepared, along with glyceraldehyde, by the mild oxidation of glycerol, for example with hydrogen peroxide and a ferrous salt as catalyst. It can also be prepared in high yield and selectivity at room temperature from glycerol using cationic palladium-based catalysts with oxygen, air or benzoquinone acting as co-oxidants.[4][5][6] Glyceraldehyde is a structural isomer of dihydroxyacetone. Biology Its phosphorylated form, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), takes part in glycolysis, and it is an intermediate product of fructose metabolism. Uses Dihydroxyacetone was first recognized as a skin coloring agent by German scientists in the 1920s. Through its use in the X-ray process, it was noted as causing the skin surface to turn brown when spilled. In the 1950s, Eva Wittgenstein at the University of Cincinnati did further research with dihydroxyacetone.[7][8][9][10] Her studies involved using Dihydroxyacetone as an oral drug for assisting children with glycogen storage disease. The children received large doses of Dihydroxyacetone by mouth, and sometimes spat or spilled the substance onto their skin. Healthcare workers noticed that the skin turned brown after a few hours of Dihydroxyacetone exposure. Eva Wittgenstein continued to experiment with DHA, painting liquid solutions of it onto her own skin. She was able to consistently reproduce the pigmentation effect, and noted that Dihydroxyacetone did not appear to penetrate beyond the stratum corneum, or dead skin surface layer (the FDA eventually concluded this is not entirely true[11]). Research then continued on DHA's skin coloring effect in relation to treatment for patients suffering from vitiligo. This skin browning effect is non-toxic[citation needed], and is a result of a Maillard reaction. Dihydroxyacetone reacts chemically with the amino acids in the protein keratin, the major component of the skin surface. Different amino acids react to Dihydroxyacetone in different ways, producing different tones of coloration from yellow to brown. The resulting pigments are called melanoidins. These are similar in coloration to melanin, the natural substance in the deeper skin layers which brown or "tan", from exposure to UV rays. Winemaking Both acetic acid bacteria Acetobacter aceti and Gluconobacter oxydans use glycerol as a carbon source to form dihydroxyacetone. Dihydroxyacetone is formed by ketogenesis of glycerol.[12] It can affect the sensory quality of the wine with sweet/etherish properties. Dihydroxyacetone can also react with proline to produce a "crust-like" aroma.[12][13][14] Dihydroxyacetone can affect the anti-microbial activity in wine, as it has the ability to bind SO2.[15] Sunless tanning Coppertone introduced the first consumer sunless tanning lotion into the marketplace in the 1960s. This product was called “Quick Tan” or “QT”. It was sold as an overnight tanning agent, and other companies followed suit with similar products. Consumers soon tired of this product due to unattractive results such as orange palms, streaking and poor coloration. Because of the QT experience, many people still associate sunless tanning with fake-looking orange tans.[citation needed] In the 1970s the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) added Dihydroxyacetone permanently to their list of approved cosmetic ingredients.[16] By the 1980s, new sunless tanning formulations appeared on the market and refinements in the Dihydroxyacetone manufacturing process created products that produced a more natural looking color and better fading. Consumer concerns surrounding damage associated with UV tanning options spurred further popularity of sunless tanning products as an alternative to UV tanning. Dozens of brands appeared on drugstore shelves, in numerous formulations.[citation needed] Today, Dihydroxyacetone is the main active ingredient in many sunless tanning skincare preparations. Lotion manufacturers also produce a wide variety of sunless tanning preparations that replace Dihydroxyacetone with natural bronzing agents such as black walnut shell. Dihydroxyacetone may be used alone or combined with other tanning components such as erythrulose. Dihydroxyacetone is considered the most effective sun-free tanning additive.[citation needed] Sunless tanning products contain Dihydroxyacetone in concentrations ranging from 1% to 20%. Most drugstore products range from 3% to 5%, with professional products ranging from 5% to 20%. The percentages correspond with the product coloration levels from light to dark. Lighter products are more beginner-friendly, but may require multiple coats to produce the desired color depth. Darker products produce a dark tan in one coat, but are also more prone to streaking, unevenness, or off-color tones. The artificial tan takes 2 to 4 hours to begin appearing on the skin surface, and will continue to darken for 24 to 72 hours, depending on formulation type.[citation needed] Once the darkening effect has occurred, the tan will not sweat off or wash away with soap or water. It will fade gradually over 3 to 10 days. Exfoliation, prolonged water submersion, or heavy sweating can lighten the tan, as these all contribute to rapid dead skin cell exfoliation (the dead skin cells are the tinted portion of the sunless tan).[citation needed] Current sunless tanners are formulated into sprays, lotions, gels, mousses, and cosmetic wipes. Professional applied products include spray tanning booths, airbrush tan applications, and hand applied lotions, gels, mousses and wipes.[citation needed] Dihydroxyacetone safety considerations For the 24 hours after self-tanner (containing high Dihydroxyacetone levels, ~5%) is applied, the skin is especially susceptible to free-radical damage from sunlight, according to a 2007 study led by Katinka Jung of the Gematria Test Lab in Berlin.[17] Forty minutes after the researchers treated skin samples with high levels of Dihydroxyacetone they found that more than 180 percent additional free radicals formed during sun exposure compared with untreated skin. Another self-tanner ingredient, erythrulose, produced a similar response at high levels. For a day after self-tanner application, excessive sun exposure should be avoided and sunscreen should be worn outdoors, they say; an antioxidant cream could also minimize free radical production. Although some self-tanners contain sunscreen, its effect will not last long after application, and a fake tan itself will not protect the skin from UV exposure.[citation needed] The study by Jung et al. further confirms earlier results demonstrating that dihydroxyacetone in combination with dimethylisosorbide enhances the process of (sun-based) tanning. This earlier study also found that dihydroxyacetone also has an effect on the amino acids and nucleic acids which is bad for the skin.[18] The free radicals are in part due to the action of UV light on AGE (advanced glycation end products)[citation needed] such as Amadori products (a type of AGE) as a result of the reaction of Dihydroxyacetone with the skin. AGEs are behind the damage to the skin that occurs with high blood sugar in diabetes where similar glycation occurs. Some of the damage from AGE is independent of UV light. A study showed glycation of a protein increases its free-radical production rate nearly fifty-fold.[19] Although some self-tanners contain sunscreen, its effect will not last as long as the tan. The skin browning of a sunless tan may provide some UV protection (up to SPF 3),[20][21] but this low-level protection should be supplemented with additional protection. The stated SPF for the product is only applicable for a few hours after application of the self-tanner. Despite darkening of the skin, an individual is just as susceptible to harmful UV rays, therefore an overall sun protection is still very necessary.[22] There may also be some inhibition of vitamin D production in DHA-treated skin.[23] Contact dermatitis is occasionally reported,[24] and a recent study showed that Dihydroxyacetone causes severe contact dermatitis in Mexican hairless dogs.[25] DHA-based sunless tanning has been recommended by the Skin Cancer Foundation, American Academy of Dermatology Association, Canadian Dermatology Association and the American Medical Association as a safer alternative to sun-bathing.[citation needed] The use of Dihydroxyacetone in 'tanning' booths as an all-over spray has not been approved by the FDA, since safety data to support this use has not been submitted to the agency for review and evaluation.[26] A June 2012 FDA report claims the main chemical found inside that spray - Dihydroxyacetone - is potentially hazardous when inhaled. Some of the Dihydroxyacetone if inhaled can cause damage to cells and possibly lead to cancer according to physicians.[27] An opinion[28] issued by the European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, concluding spray tanning with Dihydroxyacetone did not pose risk, has been heavily criticized by specialists.[29] This is because the cosmetics industry in Europe chose the evidence to review, according to the commission itself. Thus, nearly every report the commission's eventual opinion referenced came from studies that were never published or peer-reviewed and, in the majority of cases, were performed by companies or industry groups linked to the manufacturing of DHA. The industry left out nearly all of the peer-reviewed studies published in publicly available scientific journals that identified Dihydroxyacetone as a potential mutagen. A study by scientists from the Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, published in Mutation Research has concluded Dihydroxyacetone 'induces DNA damage, cell-cycle block and apoptosis' in cultured cells.[30] More recent research has shown that Dihydroxyacetone induces stress response gene expression and signaling in reconstructed human epidermis and cultured keratinocytes, as obvious from rapid activation of phospho-protein signal transduction [p-p38, p-Hsp27(S15/S78), p-eIF2α] and gene expression changes (HSPA6, HMOX1, CRYAB, CCL3). [31] In the report released to ABC News, FDA scientists concluded that Dihydroxyacetone does not stop at the outer dead layers of skin. They wrote: "The fate of Dihydroxyacetone remaining in skin is an important issue, since high Dihydroxyacetone skin levels were found." They added that tests they performed revealed that much of the Dihydroxyacetone applied to skin actually ended up in the living layers of skin. They concluded: "This leaves about 11 percent of the applied Dihydroxyacetone dose absorbed remaining in the [living] epidermis and dermis."[11] A toxicologist and lung specialist at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine (Dr. Rey Panettieri) has commented, "The reason I'm concerned is the deposition of the tanning agents into the lungs could really facilitate or aid systemic absorption -- that is, getting into the bloodstream. These compounds in some cells could actually promote the development of cancers or malignancies, and if that's the case then we need to be wary of them. Why use fake tan? Fake tanners, sunless tanners or preparations used to imitate a tan are becoming much more popular as people are becoming more aware of the dangers of long-term sun exposure and sunburn. There are now several ways of achieving a tan without having to expose your skin to the sun, these include: Stainers (dihydroxyacetone) Bronzers (dyes) Tan accelerators (tyrosine and psoralens) Solaria (sunbeds and sunlamps) The unlicensed injectable synthetic melanotropic peptide Melanotan II. What is dihydroxyacetone? The sunless tanner dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is currently the most popular way of gaining a tan-like appearance without sun exposure as it carries fewer health risks than any of the other available methods. To date, it is the only active ingredient approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for sunless tanning. How does dihydroxyacetone work? All effective sunless tanners contain DHA. It is a colourless 3-carbon sugar that when applied to the skin causes a chemical reaction with amino acids in the surface cells of the skin producing a darkening effect Dihidroksiaseton does not damage skin as it only affects the outermost cells of the epidermis (stratum corneum). What formulations of DHA are available? There are many self-tanning preparations containing DHA on the market and many will claim to be the best formulation available. Consider the following points when deciding upon the preparation most suitable for you. Concentrations of DHA can range from 2.5 to 10% or more (mostly 3-5%). This may coincide with product ranges that list shades as light, medium, or dark. A lower concentration (lighter shade) product may be better for new users as it is more forgiving of uneven application or rough surfaces. Some formulations will also contain moisturisers. Users with dry skin will benefit from this. Alcohol-based preparations will be more suitable for oily-skinned users. DHA provides some protection against UV rays (UVA). To increase UV protection some products also include a sunscreen. Alpha hydroxy acids promote the sloughing off of excess dead skin cells so should improve the evenness of colouration. Other ingredients may be added to facilitate application or to make the colour last longer. Consult your pharmacist for advice. Who should use DHA-containing preparations? Anyone wanting a tanned appearance without having to expose himself or herself to UV light can use these preparations. However, the final look will depend on the formulation used, an individual's application technique, and the user's complexion type. Clinical uses may be for vitiligo and as camouflage of some skin irregularities such as spider veins. It may provide some protection for individuals with certain photosensitivity disorders such as polymorphic light eruption, erythropoietic protoporphyria or drug-induced photosensitivity. How do you use DHA-containing preparations? The final result obtained from DHA self-tanning preparations is highly dependent upon the individual's application technique. Care, skill and experience are necessary when using these products. The following are some self-application tips to achieving a smooth and even look. Prepare skin by cleansing then by exfoliation using a loofah; this will avoid uneven application of colour. Wipe skin down with hydroalcoholic, acidic toner, as this will remove any alkaline residues from soaps or detergents that may interfere with the reaction between DHA and amino acids. Moisturise the area first, being careful to include the bony parts of the ankles, heels and knees. Apply to skin in thin layers wherever you want colour, less to thicker skin, as the colour is maintained longer in these areas. To avoid uneven darkening on areas such as the elbows, ankles and knees, remove excess cream over bony prominences with a wet cotton pad or damp flannel. Wash hands immediately after application to avoid tanned palms. Alternatively, wear gloves to apply. To avoid staining of clothes, wait 30 minutes for the product to dry before putting on clothes. Don't shave, bathe, or swim for at least an hour after applying the product. Reapply regularly to maintain colour. Tanning salons, spas and gyms may offer professional application of sunless tanning products. Lotion can be applied by an experienced technician. A solution can be airbrushed onto the body. Step into a sunless tanning booth for a uniform full-body application. Be careful to cover eyes, lips and mucous membranes to prevent swallowing or inhaling the DHA-containing mist. Is the tan instantaneous and how long does it last? A colour change is usually apparent within an hour of application. Maximal darkening may take 8-24 hours to develop. If a darker colour is desired, several successive applications every few hours may be done to achieve this. An artificial tan produced by DHA will last until the dead skin cells rub off, usually 5-7 days with a single application. Depending on the area, the same colour can be maintained with repeat applications every 1 to 4 days. What precautions are there when using DHA self-tanning preparations? The most important thing to remember when using DHA self-tanners is that they do not protect your skin against the sun. Although DHA does provide some UV protection and many products contain additional sunscreen, the UV protection provided is much more short-lived than the skin colour change. The stated SPF for the product is only applicable for a few hours after application of the self-tanner. Despite darkening of the skin, an individual is just as susceptible to harmful UV rays, therefore it must be stressed that an overall sun protection program is still very necessary. Are there any side effects of using DHA self-tanning preparations? DHA reacts quickly in the stratum corneum, minimising systemic absorption. Contact dermatitis caused by DHA has rarely been reported. Most causes of sensitivity are due to other ingredients such as preservatives in the preparation. Dihydroxyacetone is a ketotriose consisting of acetone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 3. The simplest member of the class of ketoses and the parent of the class of glycerones. It has a role as a metabolite, an antifungal agent, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a ketotriose and a primary alpha-hydroxy ketone. A ketotriose compound. Its addition to blood preservation solutions results in better maintenance of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels during storage. It is readily phosphorylated to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by triokinase in erythrocytes. In combination with naphthoquinones it acts as a sunscreening agent. Molecular Weight of Dihydroxyacetone 90.08 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) XLogP3-AA of Dihydroxyacetone -1.4 Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Dihydroxyacetone 2 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Dihydroxyacetone 3 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Rotatable Bond Count of Dihydroxyacetone 2 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact Mass of Dihydroxyacetone 90.031694 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic Mass of Dihydroxyacetone 90.031694 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological Polar Surface Area of Dihydroxyacetone 57.5 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Heavy Atom Count of Dihydroxyacetone 6 Computed by PubChem Formal Charge of Dihydroxyacetone 0 Computed by PubChem Complexity of Dihydroxyacetone 44 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Isotope Atom Count of Dihydroxyacetone 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Dihydroxyacetone 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Dihydroxyacetone 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Dihydroxyacetone 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Dihydroxyacetone 0 Computed by PubChem Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Dihydroxyacetone 1 Computed by PubChem Compound of Dihydroxyacetone Is Canonicalized Yes Currently obtained from glycerol through microbial fermentation, the demand of 1,3‐dihydroxyacetone (DHA) has significantly grown during the course of the last decade, driven by the consumer passion for a tan and increasing awareness of UV photodamage to the skin caused by prolonged exposure to the sun. We provide an updated bioeconomy perspective into a valued bioproduct (DHA), whose supply and production from glycerol, we argue in this study, will rapidly expand and diversify, with important global health benefits. Commercially obtained from glycerol through microbial fermentation, over the acetic acid bacteria, 1,3‐dihydroxyacetone (DHA; 1,3‐dihydroxy‐2‐propanone) is the simplest ketone form of sugars (ketoses) and an important intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants and animals formed during glycolysis.1 In the solid‐state, DHA exists as a dimer with a dioxan structure, which, upon dissolution, readily dissociates into a mixture of free carbonyl and hydrated monomers.
DIISOBUTYL KETONE
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK, Diizobütil keton) Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is a slow evaporating ketonic solvent which is immiscible with water, but miscible with other organic solvents. Diisobutyl ketone is a light coloured liquid with a mild, characteristic odour. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is a colorless, stabile liquid with a sweetish-menthol smell, not soluble in water, dissolves well in most organic solvents, inflammable. Miscible with most organic solvents; immiscible with water A high-boiling point, slow-evaporating solvent Excellent viscosity reduction for high-solids coatings Reduces surface tension in high-solids coatings Strong solvency with low density Volume-to-weight advantage over other classes of coatings solvents Non-HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) Solvent APPLICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is widely used in industrial chemistry and industry. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton)ensures good solubility of numerous synthetic resins, among others vinyl, acryl, alkyd, polyester and epoxy resins. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) can also be used as a solvent in nitrocellulose varnishes, coatings with a high contents of solid parts, and as a pain remover. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton)is also used as a solvent for adhesives, printing inks and in the cleaning and degreasing processes, as well as a component of dyes and insecticides. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is also used in mining as aids in mining minerals and in extracting gold and rear earth metals from aqueous solutions, for instance for analytic purposes. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is also used as a solvent and aids in the extraction and recristallization process, and as a drug component in the pharmaceutical industry. Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) is also an important component in the production of diisobutylcarbinol. Solvent for nitrocellulose lacquers Solvent for synthetic resin such as vinyl, acrylic, alkyd, polyester, and epoxy Solvent for high-solids coatings and stains Solvent for paint strippers Solvent for leather finishing compounds Solvent for adhesives Solvent for printing inks - roll coating inks Solvent for cleaning and degreasing Extraction solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals Extraction solvent for mining Extraction solvent for organic pollutants Chemical intermediate for diisobutyl carbinol Solvent for synthetic resin including vinyl, acrylic, alkyd, polyester, epoxy Extraction solvent & re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals Extraction solvent for organic pollutants Chemical intermediate for diisobutyl carbinol Solvent used in lacquers, synthetic resins, stains, paint strippers, adhesives, inks, mining and organic pollutants. ADVANTAGES Miscible with most organic solvents Immiscible with water A high-boiling point, slow-evaporating solvent Excellent viscosity reduction for high-solids coatings Reduces surface tension in high-solids coatings Strong solvency with low density HEALTH SAFETY Inhaling the vapors irritates the respiratory passages. It can also cause coughing, dizziness, stupor, nausea, vomiting and headache. A higher concentration can cause the depression of the central nervous system, coma and blackout. The odor of that substance is recognizable at a concentration considerably lower than that having harmful effects and should be a sufficient warning against overdosing. It can cause the irritation of the skin manifesting itself with redness and burning. Both the liquid and its vapors cause the irritation, redness and pain of the eyes. It causes the irritation of the alimentary tract. The poisoning symptoms can include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Product description DIBK (Diisobutyl Ketone, ( Diizobütil keton)) is a slow evaporating, low density solvent that has good activity for many synthetic resins including nitrocellulose, rosin esters, phenolics, hydrocarbons, alkyds, polyesters, and acrylics. It is useful as a retarder solvent to improve flow and minimize humidity blushing. The low density and low surface tension of DIBK enables formulators to develop high-solids coatings with low VOC content and excellent flow and leveling properties. DIISOBUTYL KETONE (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) Trade name of the product: diisobutyl ketone(DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) Chemical name of the compound: 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone (iso-C4H9)2CO; 2,5-dimethyl-4-heptanone; 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanon; 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone (diisobutyl ketone); 2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-on; 2,6-dimethylheptan-4-on; 2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-on; 2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-one, ( Diizobütil keton) Chemical and physical properties: A colorless, stabile liquid with a sweetish-menthol smell, not soluble in water, dissolves well in most organic solvents, inflammable Application of the substance: Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is widely used in industrial chemistry and industry. It ensures good solubility of numerous synthetic resins, among others vinyl, acryl, alkyd, polyester and epoxy resins. It can also be used as a solvent in nitrocellulose varnishes, coatings with a high contents of solid parts, and as a pain remover. It is also used as a solvent for adhesives, printing inks and in the cleaning and degreasing processes, as well as a component of dyes and insecticides. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is also used in mining as aids in mining minerals and in extracting gold and rear earth metals from aqueous solutions, for instance for analytic purposes. It is also used as a solvent and aids in the extraction and recristallization process, and as a drug component in the pharmaceutical industry. DIBK is also an important component in the production of diisobutylcarbinol. Health safety: Inhaling the vapors irritates the respiratory passages. It can also cause coughing, dizziness, stupor, nausea, vomiting and headache. A higher concentration can cause the depression of the central nervous system, coma and blackout. The odor of that substance is recognizable at a concentration considerably lower than that having harmful effects and should be a sufficient warning against overdosing. It can cause the irritation of the skin manifesting itself with redness and burning. Both the liquid and its vapors cause the irritation, redness and pain of the eyes. It causes the irritation of the alimentary tract. The poisoning symptoms can include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) CAS: 108-83-8 Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) is a colorless, stable liquid with a mild sweet odor. DIBK is a high boiling, slow evaporating solvent that has limited water solubility, but is miscible with alcohols and ketones. DIBK has excellent viscosity reduction for and reduces surface tension in high solids coatings. DIBK is used in many applications such as nitrocellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, coatings and stains, paint strippers, leather finishings, adhesives, printing and coating inks, cleaning and dregreasing, solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals, mining, and as a chemical intermediate. Description 2, 6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, also known as diisobutyl ketone( Diizobütil keton), belongs to the family of ketones, being a flavoring ingredient. It can also be used as the extraction solvent for the determination of ten trace metals (V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, Pb) in aqueous samples with plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Similar logic can also be applied to the measurement of phosphorus using 2, 6-dimethyl-4-heptanone as the extraction agent. It is also an important organic solvent widely used as industrial intermediates. Chemical Properties colourless liquid Physical properties Clear, colorless liquid with a mild, sweet, ether-like odor. Odor threshold concentration is 0.11 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983). Occurrence Reported found in baked potato and wheaten bread. Uses Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is used as a solvent fornitrocellulose, lacquers, and synthetic resins;in organic syntheses. Uses Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) is a transparent liquid with a distinct odor and a high boiling point. It is an heavy-end byproduct of producing MIBK. DIBK is used in many applications such as nitrocellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, coatings and stains, paint strippers, leather finishings, adhesives, printing and coating inks, cleaning and dregreasing, Flavors and fragrances, solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals, mining, and as a chemical intermediate. DIBK has good activity for many synthetic resins including nitrocellulose, rosin esters, phenolics, hydrocarbons, alkyds, polyesters, and acrylics. It is useful as a retarder solvent to improve flow and minimize humidity blushing. The low density and low surface tension of DIBK enables formulators to develop high-solids coatings with low VOC content and excellent flow and leveling properties. DIBK has excellent viscosity reduction for and reduces surface tension in high solid’s coatings. It has good volume-to-weight advantage over other classes of solvents used in coatings. It is a non-HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) solvent. Uses Diisobutyl Ketone is a component of mint oil and L-carvone solutions for fungicidal and antigerminative treatment of bulbs and tubers. Production Methods Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is produced by hydrogenation of phorone or by metal-catalyzed decomposition of isovaleric acid.It is also a by-product in the manufacture of methyl isobutyl ketone. Synthesis Reference(s) Journal of the American Chemical Society, 95, p. 6876, 1973 DOI: 10.1021/ja00801a081 General Description A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 140°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. Air & Water Reactions Flammable. Insoluble in water. Reactivity Profile 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone may attack some plastics. 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone reacts with oxidizers. Health Hazard Inhalation of vapor causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Vaporirritates eyes. Contact with liquid irritates skin. Health Hazard Inhalation of the vapors of diisobutyl ketone( Diizobütil keton) can produce irritation of the eyes, nose, andthroat. At 25 ppm its odor was unpleasant, but the irritation effect on humanswas insignificant. At 50 ppm the irritationwas mild. A 7- hour exposure to 125 ppmhad no adverse effect on rats; however, at250 ppm, female rats developed increasedliver and kidney weights. An 8-hour expo sure to 2000 ppm was lethal. Ingestion ofthis compound can cause the symptoms ofheadache, dizziness, and dermatitis. LD50 value, oral (rats): 5.8 g/kg. Chemical Reactivity Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: May attack some forms of plastics; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent. Safety Profile Moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Mddly toxic by skin contact. Human systemic effects by inhalation: headache, nausea or vomiting, and unspecified eye effects. An eye and skin irritant. Narcotic in high concentrations. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use Con, dry chemical, water spray, mist or fog. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also KETONES. Environmental Fate Biological. Using the BOD technique to measure biodegradation, the mean 5-d BOD value (mM BOD/mM diisobutyl ketone, ( Diizobütil keton)) and ThOD were 4.86 and 37.4%, respectively (Vaishnav et al., 1987). Chemical/Physical. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) will not hydrolyze because it has no hydrolyzable functional group. At an influent concentration of 300 mg/L, treatment with GAC resulted in nondetectable concentrations in the effluent. The adsorbability of the carbon used was 60 mg/g carbon (Guisti et al., 1974). Waste Disposal Incineration, molten metal salt destruction. Ketone has the general formula RCOR' where the groups R and R' may be the same or different, or incorporated into a ring (R and R' are alkyl, aryl, or heterocyclic radicals). The simplest example, R and R´ are methyl group, is acetone (also called 2-propanone, CH3COCH3) which is one of the most important ketones used in industry (low molecular weight ketones are general purpose solvents.) In the IUPAC system, the suffix -one is used to describe ketone with the numbering of the carbon atom at the end that gives the lower number. For example, CH3CH2COCH2CH2CH3 is named Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), 3-hexanone because the whole chain contains six carbon atoms and the oxygen is connected to the third carbon from the lower number. There are aromatic ketones of Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), which acetophenone and bezophenone are examples. Ketones can be made by the oxidation of secondary alcohols and the destructive distillation of certain salts of organic acids. In addition to as polar solvents, ketones are important intermediates in the syntheses of organic compounds such as alkoxides, hydroxyalkynes, imines, alcohols (primary, secondary as well as tertiary), acetals, thioacetals, phosphine oxides, geminal diols, hydrazones, organic sulfite and cyanohydrins. Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK) is a clear liquid with a mild characteristic odor; miscible in oil, soluble in water. MIBK is a polar solvent. But the polarity is similar to ethyl acetate. Water solubility is not good compare to other ketone solvents like acetone and MEK (methyl ethyl ketone). This property makes MIBK Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), an useful liquid-liquid extraction solvent. MIBK is produced from acetone with hydrogen by three-step process (aldol condensation, dehydration, hydrogenation). Aiacetone alcohol (CAS #: 123-42-2) and mesityl oxide (CAS #: 141-79-7) are intermediate products during the process. The basic unit quantity of acetone to produce 1 unit of MIBK Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), is 1.22. MIBK has good compatibility with various organic reagents and solvency power for a variety industrial materials. It is primarily used in cellulose-based and resin-based coatings and adhesives. It is also employed in rare-metal extraction. It is used in dewaxing to purify pharmaceuticals, mineral oils, fatty acids, and alcohols. MIBK Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), is also an useful intermediate to produce target molecules, rubber antiozonants (e.g. 6PPD) and acetylenic diol compounds are examples of end products. Diacetone alcohol has slow evaporation rates. It is used as a solvent for both hydrogen bonding and polar substances. It is miscible in water and used as a solvent for water-based coatings. It is used as a solvent extractant in purification processes for resins and waxes. Diacetone alcohol is more suitable for use in applications as a component of gravure printing inks, with proving favorable flow and leveling characteristics. Diacetone alcohol, having hydroxyl and carbonyl group in the same molecule is used as a chemical intermediate. Mesityl oxide, a carbonyl compound having alpha (or beta) unsaturated chain, can be used as a raw material to produce drugs, solvents and plasticizer. Mesityl oxide is used to produce hydroperoxides. Mesityl oxide is as an extractant in ore flotation especially for actinide series elements (thorium and uranium). Diisobutyl Ketone ( Diizobütil keton), having the higher boiling than MIBK Diisobutyl Ketone ( Diizobütil keton), is produced by refining heavy end from MIBK Diisobutyl Ketone ( Diizobütil keton). DIBK Diisobutyl Ketone ( Diizobütil keton)has moderate solvent activity for polymers including nitrocellulse, alkyd, vinyl and epoxy resins. DIBK is a component for solvents in sealants and inks. It is used as an extraction solvent and as an aid to purify pharmaceuticals. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SOLVENT Solvent is a substance, usually a liquid, that acts as a dissolving agent or that is capable of dissolving another substance. In solutions of solids or gases in a liquid, the liquid is the solvent. In all other homogeneous mixtures (i.e., liquids, solids, or gases dissolved in liquids; solids in solids; and gases in gases), solvent is the component of the greatest amount. The minor proportion substances are called solutes. The solvent offers several functions during a chemical reaction. It solves not only the substance that reacts with another one to produce a new set of substances (reactant) but also the compound that supplies the molecule, ion, or free radical, which is considered as the attacking species in a chemical reaction (reagent). The solvent is conductive to collisions between the reactants and reagents to transform the reactants to new products. The solvent also takes roll of temperature control, either to provide the energy of the colliding particles for speedy reaction and to absorb heat in exothermic reaction. The appropriate solvent should be selected based on the inactivity in the reaction conditions, dissolving the reagents as well as reactants, appropriate boiling point and easy removal at the end of the reaction. Polarity Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), The most common solvent is water. Other common solvents which dissolve substances that are insoluble (or nearly insoluble) in water are acetone, alcohol, formic acid, acetic acid, formamide. BTX, carbon disulfide, diemthyl sulfoxide, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, ether, tetrahydrofuran, furfural, hexane and turpentine. They may be classified as polar and non-polar. Polar solvents, like water, have molecules whose electric charges are unequally distributed, leaving one end of each molecule more positive than the other. Usually polar solvent has O-H bond of which water (HOH), (CH3OH) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) are examples. Propanol, butanol, formic acid, formamide are polar solvents. Dipolar solvents which contain a C-O solid bond without O-H bond are acetone [(CH3)2C=O], ethyl acetate (CH3COOCH2CH3), methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide and diemthyl sulfoxide. Nonpolar solvents, like carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), benzene (C6H6), and diethyl ether ( CH3CH2OCH2CH3), have molecules whose electric charges are equally distributed and are not miscible with water. Hexane, tetrahydrofuran and methylene chloride are non-polar solvents. Polar solvents are hydrophilic but non-polar solvents are lipophilic. Polar reactants will dissolve in polar solvents. Non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar compounds best. Oil and water don't mix but separate into two layers. There are three measures of the polarity as "dipole moment", "dielectric constant" and "miscibility with water". Though low dipole moments and small dielectric constants indicates non-polar solvents, sharp boundaries between polar and non-polar solvents are not available. The polarity reflects the balance between a polar component (OH) and a non-polar hydrocarbon component, existing in the same molecule. If hydrocarbon character increases relatively, the polarity decreases. On an operational basis, solvents that are miscible with water are polar. Polar Protic and Dipolar Aprotic Protic refers to a hydrogen atom attached to an electronegative atom. Protic solvents can donate an H+ (proton) since they contain dissociable H+, such as hydrogen attached to oxygen as in a hydroxyl group, nitrogen as in a amine group. Examples are water, methanol, ethanol, formic acid, hydrogen fluoride and ammonia. Aprotic solvents don't has O-H bond but a C=O bond typically. Examples are acetone [(CH3)2C=O] and ethyl acetate (CH3COOCH2CH3). Polar protic solvents are useful in SN1 reaction, while polar aprotic solvents are SN2 reaction. 2,6 Dimethyl-4-Heptanone. Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), Used as a solvent for nitrocellulose lacquers, solvent for high-solids coatings and stains, solvent for printing inks – roll coating inks. Possesses a mild sweet odor, high boiling point, and slow evaporation rate. Exhibits miscibility with most organic solvents, but immiscibility with water. Offers strong solvency with low density. Reduces surface tension in high solids coatings. Provides viscosity reduction for high solids coatings. About this substance Helpful information Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is manufactured and/or imported in the European Economic Area in 1 000 - 10 000 tonnes per year. Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites. Consumer Uses Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, coating products, adhesives and sealants, air care products, polishes and waxes, plant protection products and biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products). Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use. Article service life Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed. Widespread uses by professional workers Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fertilisers, plant protection products, washing & cleaning products and coating products. Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, mining and building & construction work. Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement) and furniture. Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use. Formulation or re-packing Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), This substance is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants. Diizobütil keton(Diisobutyl ketone), Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is a slow evaporating ketonic solvent which is immiscible with water, but miscible with other organic solvents. Diisobutyl ketone is a light coloured liquid with a mild, characteristic odour. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is a colorless, stabile liquid with a sweetish-menthol smell, not soluble in water, dissolves well in most organic solvents, inflammable. Miscible with most organic solvents; immiscible with water A high-boiling point, slow-evaporating solvent Excellent viscosity reduction for high-solids coatings Reduces surface tension in high-solids coatings Strong solvency with low density Volume-to-weight advantage over other classes of coatings solvents Non-HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) Solvent APPLICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is widely used in industrial chemistry and industry. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton)ensures good solubility of numerous synthetic resins, among others vinyl, acryl, alkyd, polyester and epoxy resins. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) can also be used as a solvent in nitrocellulose varnishes, coatings with a high contents of solid parts, and as a pain remover. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton)is also used as a solvent for adhesives, printing inks and in the cleaning and degreasing processes, as well as a component of dyes and insecticides. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is also used in mining as aids in mining minerals and in extracting gold and rear earth metals from aqueous solutions, for instance for analytic purposes. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is also used as a solvent and aids in the extraction and recristallization process, and as a drug component in the pharmaceutical industry. Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) is also an important component in the production of diisobutylcarbinol. Solvent for nitrocellulose lacquers Solvent for synthetic resin such as vinyl, acrylic, alkyd, polyester, and epoxy Solvent for high-solids coatings and stains Solvent for paint strippers Solvent for leather finishing compounds Solvent for adhesives Solvent for printing inks - roll coating inks Solvent for cleaning and degreasing Extraction solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals Extraction solvent for mining Extraction solvent for organic pollutants Chemical intermediate for diisobutyl carbinol Solvent for synthetic resin including vinyl, acrylic, alkyd, polyester, epoxy Extraction solvent & re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals Extraction solvent for organic pollutants Chemical intermediate for diisobutyl carbinol Solvent used in lacquers, synthetic resins, stains, paint strippers, adhesives, inks, mining and organic pollutants. ADVANTAGES Miscible with most organic solvents Immiscible with water A high-boiling point, slow-evaporating solvent Excellent viscosity reduction for high-solids coatings Reduces surface tension in high-solids coatings Strong solvency with low density HEALTH SAFETY Inhaling the vapors irritates the respiratory passages. It can also cause coughing, dizziness, stupor, nausea, vomiting and headache. A higher concentration can cause the depression of the central nervous system, coma and blackout. The odor of that substance is recognizable at a concentration considerably lower than that having harmful effects and should be a sufficient warning against overdosing. It can cause the irritation of the skin manifesting itself with redness and burning. Both the liquid and its vapors cause the irritation, redness and pain of the eyes. It causes the irritation of the alimentary tract. The poisoning symptoms can include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Product description DIBK (Diisobutyl Ketone, ( Diizobütil keton)) is a slow evaporating, low density solvent that has good activity for many synthetic resins including nitrocellulose, rosin esters, phenolics, hydrocarbons, alkyds, polyesters, and acrylics. It is useful as a retarder solvent to improve flow and minimize humidity blushing. The low density and low surface tension of DIBK enables formulators to develop high-solids coatings with low VOC content and excellent flow and leveling properties. DIISOBUTYL KETONE (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) Trade name of the product: diisobutyl ketone(DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) Chemical name of the compound: 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone (iso-C4H9)2CO; 2,5-dimethyl-4-heptanone; 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanon; 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone (diisobutyl ketone); 2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-on; 2,6-dimethylheptan-4-on; 2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-on; 2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-one, ( Diizobütil keton) Chemical and physical properties: A colorless, stabile liquid with a sweetish-menthol smell, not soluble in water, dissolves well in most organic solvents, inflammable Application of the substance: Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is widely used in industrial chemistry and industry. It ensures good solubility of numerous synthetic resins, among others vinyl, acryl, alkyd, polyester and epoxy resins. It can also be used as a solvent in nitrocellulose varnishes, coatings with a high contents of solid parts, and as a pain remover. It is also used as a solvent for adhesives, printing inks and in the cleaning and degreasing processes, as well as a component of dyes and insecticides. Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is also used in mining as aids in mining minerals and in extracting gold and rear earth metals from aqueous solutions, for instance for analytic purposes. It is also used as a solvent and aids in the extraction and recristallization process, and as a drug component in the pharmaceutical industry. DIBK is also an important component in the production of diisobutylcarbinol. Health safety: Inhaling the vapors irritates the respiratory passages. It can also cause coughing, dizziness, stupor, nausea, vomiting and headache. A higher concentration can cause the depression of the central nervous system, coma and blackout. The odor of that substance is recognizable at a concentration considerably lower than that having harmful effects and should be a sufficient warning against overdosing. It can cause the irritation of the skin manifesting itself with redness and burning. Both the liquid and its vapors cause the irritation, redness and pain of the eyes. It causes the irritation of the alimentary tract. The poisoning symptoms can include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) CAS: 108-83-8 Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) is a colorless, stable liquid with a mild sweet odor. DIBK is a high boiling, slow evaporating solvent that has limited water solubility, but is miscible with alcohols and ketones. DIBK has excellent viscosity reduction for and reduces surface tension in high solids coatings. DIBK is used in many applications such as nitrocellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, coatings and stains, paint strippers, leather finishings, adhesives, printing and coating inks, cleaning and dregreasing, solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals, mining, and as a chemical intermediate. Description 2, 6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, also known as diisobutyl ketone( Diizobütil keton), belongs to the family of ketones, being a flavoring ingredient. It can also be used as the extraction solvent for the determination of ten trace metals (V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, Pb) in aqueous samples with plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Similar logic can also be applied to the measurement of phosphorus using 2, 6-dimethyl-4-heptanone as the extraction agent. It is also an important organic solvent widely used as industrial intermediates. Chemical Properties colourless liquid Physical properties Clear, colorless liquid with a mild, sweet, ether-like odor. Odor threshold concentration is 0.11 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983). Occurrence Reported found in baked potato and wheaten bread. Uses Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is used as a solvent fornitrocellulose, lacquers, and synthetic resins;in organic syntheses. Uses Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK, ( Diizobütil keton)) is a transparent liquid with a distinct odor and a high boiling point. It is an heavy-end byproduct of producing MIBK. DIBK is used in many applications such as nitrocellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, coatings and stains, paint strippers, leather finishings, adhesives, printing and coating inks, cleaning and dregreasing, Flavors and fragrances, solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals, mining, and as a chemical intermediate. DIBK has good activity for many synthetic resins including nitrocellulose, rosin esters, phenolics, hydrocarbons, alkyds, polyesters, and acrylics. It is useful as a retarder solvent to improve flow and minimize humidity blushing. The low density and low surface tension of DIBK enables formulators to develop high-solids coatings with low VOC content and excellent flow and leveling properties. DIBK has excellent viscosity reduction for and reduces surface tension in high solid’s coatings. It has good volume-to-weight advantage over other classes of solvents used in coatings. It is a non-HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) solvent. Uses Diisobutyl Ketone is a component of mint oil and L-carvone solutions for fungicidal and antigerminative treatment of bulbs and tubers. Production Methods Diisobutyl ketone ( Diizobütil keton) is produced by hydrogenation of phorone or by metal-catalyzed decomposition of isovaleric acid.It is also a by-product in the manufacture of methyl isobutyl keton
DIISOBUTYL KETONE (DIBK)
2, 6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, also known as diisobutyl ketone, belongs to the family of ketones, being a flavoring ingredient.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) can also be used as the extraction solvent for the determination of ten trace metals (V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cd, Pb) in aqueous samples with plasma atomic emission spectrometry.
Similar logic can also be applied to the measurement of phosphorus using Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) as the extraction agent.

CAS: 108-83-8
MF: C9H18O
MW: 142.24
EINECS: 203-620-1

Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is also an important organic solvent widely used as industrial intermediates.
Reported found in baked potato and wheaten bread.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is a ketone.
A clear colorless liquid.
Flash point 140°F.
Less dense than water and insoluble in water.
Vapors heavier than air.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is a ketone that can be used as a substrate for the production of films.

Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is also a good candidate for use in the manufacture of water-vapor sensors because it has been shown to produce low levels of water vapor.
The reaction mechanism of Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) has been studied using mass spectroscopy and found to involve zirconium oxide and sodium carbonate.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) has been shown to be an effective reagent for the extraction of hydroxyl groups from human serum proteins.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) also reacts with picolinic acid, which is found in plant cell walls, to form metal chelates.

Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -46 °C
Boiling point: 165-170 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.808 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 4.9 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 1.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.412(lit.)
FEMA: 3537 | 2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANONE
Fp: 120 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: Miscible with ethanol, ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, benzene and most organic liquids.
Form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.810 (20/4℃)
Color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
Odor: Mild; characteristic ketonic.
Odor Type: green
Explosive limit: 0.8-6.2%, 100°F
Water Solubility: 0.05 g/100 mL
JECFA Number: 302
BRN: 1743163
Henry's Law Constant: 6.36(x 10-4 atm?m3/mol) at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure)
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 150 mg/m3 (25 ppm); IDLH 1000 ppm.
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 3.71 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 108-83-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) (108-83-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) (108-83-8)

Clear, colorless liquid with a mild, sweet, ether-like odor.
Odor threshold concentration is 0.11 ppm.

Uses
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is used as a coating solvent.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is an active component of mint oil.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) acts as a dispersant for organosol type resins.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is involved in the antigerminative treatment of bulbs and tubers.
Further, Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose.
In addition to this, Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) acts as an intermediate in the preparation of inhibitors, active pharmaceutical ingredients and dyes.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is used as a solvent fornitrocellulose, lacquers, and synthetic resins;in organic syntheses.

Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is a transparent liquid with a distinct odor and a high boiling point.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is an heavy-end byproduct of producing MIBK.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is used in many applications such as nitrocellulose lacquers, synthetic resins, coatings and stains, paint strippers, leather finishings, adhesives, printing and coating inks, cleaning and dregreasing, Flavors and fragrances, solvent and re-crystallization aid for pharmaceuticals, mining, and as a chemical intermediate.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) has good activity for many synthetic resins including nitrocellulose, rosin esters, phenolics, hydrocarbons, alkyds, polyesters, and acrylics.

Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is useful as a retarder solvent to improve flow and minimize humidity blushing.
The low density and low surface tension of Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) enables formulators to develop high-solids coatings with low VOC content and excellent flow and leveling properties.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) has excellent viscosity reduction for and reduces surface tension in high solid’s coatings.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) has good volume-to-weight advantage over other classes of solvents used in coatings.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is a non-HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) solvent.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is a component of mint oil and L-carvone solutions for fungicidal and antigerminative treatment of bulbs and tubers.

Production Methods
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is produced by hydrogenation of phorone or by metal-catalyzed decomposition of isovaleric acid.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) is also a by-product in the manufacture of methyl isobutyl ketone.

Reactivity Profile
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) may attack some plastics.
Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) reacts with oxidizers.
Inhalation of vapor causes irritation of nose and throat.
Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.
Vaporirritates eyes.
Contact with liquid irritates skin.
Inhalation of the vapors of diisobutyl ketonecan produce irritation of the eyes, nose, andthroat.

At 25 ppm its odor was unpleasant, but the irritation effect on humanswas insignificant.
At 50 ppm the irritationwas mild.
A 7- hour exposure to 125 ppmhad no adverse effect on rats; however, at250 ppm, female rats developed increasedliver and kidney weights.
An 8-hour exposure to 2000 ppm was lethal.
Ingestion of Diisobutyl Ketone (DIBK) can cause the symptoms ofheadache, dizziness, and dermatitis.

Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: May attack some forms of plastics; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Synonyms
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone
2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-one
DIISOBUTYL KETONE
108-83-8
Isovalerone
Diisobutylketone
Isobutyl ketone
Valerone
Diisobutilchetone
s-Diisopropylacetone
Di-isobutylcetone
DIBK
4-Heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl-
Diisobutylketon
sym-Diisopropylacetone
2,6-Dimetil-eptan-4-one
sec-Diisopropyl acetone
2,6-Dimethyl-heptan-4-on
2,6-Dimethylheptanone
Caswell No. 355B
FEMA No. 3537
cognac heptanone
Di-isobutylcetone [French]
Diisobutilchetone [Italian]
NSC 15136
2,6-dimethyl-heptan-4-one
CCRIS 6233
HSDB 527
Diisobutylketon [Dutch, German]
DiisobutylKetone-13C4
Heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl-, 4-
EINECS 203-620-1
UN1157
(iso-C4H9)2CO
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone (natural)
2,6-Dimetil-eptan-4-one [Italian]
BRN 1743163
UNII-V52W30H1BU
2,6-Dimethyl-heptan-4-on [Dutch,German]
AI3-11270
V52W30H1BU
2,6-Dimethyl-heptan-4-on [Dutch, German]
DTXSID4025080
CHEBI:89195
NSC-15136
4-Heptanone,6-dimethyl-
EC 203-620-1
Diisobutyl ketone [UN1157] [Flammable liquid]
2, GERMAN)
4-01-00-03360 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID905080
Diisobutylketon(DUTCH, GERMAN)
CAS-108-83-8
WLN: 1Y1 & 1V1Y1 & 1
Diisobutylctone
Diisobutilcetona
diisopropylacetone
di-isobutyl ketone
sym-Diisopropyl acetone
DIK (CHRIS Code)
2,5-Dimethyl-4-heptanone
SCHEMBL36990
4-Heptanona, 2,6-dimetil-
SYM-DIISOPROPY LACETONE
2,6 -dimethyl-4 -heptanone
Diisobuyl Ketone Reagent Grade
CHEMBL3182186
DIISOBUTYL KETONE [HSDB]
FEMA 3537
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, 99%
NSC15136
2,6 - dimethylheptan - 4 - one
Tox21_202406
Tox21_303091
BBL012214
LS-471
MFCD00008940
NA1157
NSC406913
STL163555
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, >=99%
AKOS005207129
NSC-406913
UN 1157
HEPTAN-4-ONE, 2,6-DIMETHYL-
NCGC00249221-01
NCGC00256951-01
NCGC00259955-01
VS-03235
2,6-DIMETHYL-4-HEPTANONE [FHFI]
2,6-Dimetyl-4-heptanon (Diisobutylketon)
Diisobutylketon (2,6-Dimetyl-4-heptanon)
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, technical grade
D0733
FT-0610689
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone (diisobutyl ketone)
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone(Diisobutyl Ketone)
EN300-19773
2,6-Dimethyl-4- heptanone; see Diisobutyl ketone
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone, technical grade, 80%
A801931
Diisobutyl ketone [UN1157] [Flammable liquid]
4-HEPTANONE,2,6-DIMETHYL DIISOBUTYL,KETONE
Q2416556
W-108711
4-HEPTANONE,2,6-DIMETHYL DIISOBUTYL,KETONE
InChI=1/C9H18O/c1-7(2)5-9(10)6-8(3)4/h7-8H,5-6H2,1-4H
2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-one (sum of 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone & 4,6-Dimethyl-2-heptanone)
DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP)
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester having the structural formula C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)2)2.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is formed by the esterification of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) and other phthalates are used as plasticizers due to their flexibility and durability.

CAS: 84-69-5
MF: C16H22O4
MW: 278.34
EINECS: 201-553-2

Synonyms
Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove;Hexaplas M/1B;Isobutyl phthalate;Kodaflex DIBP;Palatinol 1C;Palatinol IC;Uniplex 155;DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE FOR SYNTHESIS;Diisobutyl phthalate: Diisobutyl-phthalate; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester; Phthalic acid diisobutyl ester;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester; Phthalic acid diisobutyl ester;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester; Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP); DiBP; di-isobutyl phthalate;Diisobutyl phthalate;1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2- methylpropyl) ester;Diisobutyl phthalate, DIBP;Diisobutylphthalat;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester;Di-isobutyl phthalate - (1,2-Benzene- dicarboxylic acid, 1,2- bis-(2methylpropyl) ester);Di-isobutylphthalate;Diisobutylphthatlate (DiBP) (1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester );Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)#;Di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP);Di-isobutyl phthalate - (1,2-Benzene- dicarboxylic acid, 1,2- bis-(2methylpropyl) ester);диизобутилфталат;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisobutyl ester;Phtalate de diisobutyle;Diisobutylphthalate;Bis(2-methylpropyl)benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis-(2-methylpropyl) ester (DIBP);PHTHALSAEURE-DIISOBUTYLESTER
;DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE;84-69-5;DIBP;Palatinol IC;Isobutyl phthalate;Phthalic Acid Diisobutyl Ester;Hexaplas M/1B;Kodaflex DIBP;Di-iso-butyl phthalate;Phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester
;Di(i-butyl)phthalate;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester;Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove;NSC 15316;bis(2-methylpropyl) phthalate;isobutyl-o-phthalate
;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester;DTXSID9022522;di-2-methylpropyl phthalate;di-l-butyl phthalate (DIBP);IZ67FTN290;CHEBI:79053;NSC-15316;Hatcol DIBP;DTXCID602522;1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester;1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di(2-methylpropyl) ester;Phthalic acid, bis-isobutyl ester;CAS-84-69-5;SMR000112470;di-isobutyl phthalate;CCRIS 6193;HSDB 5247;AI3-04278 (USDA);EINECS 201-553-2;BRN 2054802;UNII-IZ67FTN290;Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech];AI3-04278;Isobutyl phthalate (VAN);bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate;EC 201-553-2
;Diisobutyl phthalate, 99%;SCHEMBL42787;4-09-00-03177 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);MLS000516002;MLS002152902;BIDD:ER0640;1, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester;CHEMBL1370662;HMS2269D07;NSC15316;Tox21_202429;Tox21_300612;MFCD00026480
;AKOS015837516;Diisobutyl phthalate (ACD/Name 4.0);WLN: 1Y1&1OVR BVO1Y1&1;NCGC00091360-01;NCGC00091360-02;NCGC00091360-03;NCGC00091360-04;NCGC00254487-01;NCGC00259978-01
;NS00010605;P0298;Q162259;1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate;J-503794;1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid di(2-methylpropyl) ester;Phthalic acid, bis-isobutyl ester 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane;Diisobutyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)

They are found in many industrial and personal products, such as lacquers, nail polish and cosmetics.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can be absorbed via oral ingestion and dermal exposure.
When Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) comes to excretion, DIBP is first converted into the hydrolytic monoester monoisobutyl phthalate (MIBP).
The primary excretory route is urine, with biliary excretion being noted in minor amounts. DIBP has lower density and freezing point than the related compound Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP).
A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.

Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is a Dialkyl phthalate ester phthalate plasticizer which can be used as a substitute of dibutyl phthalate.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) as well as other phthalates have genotoxic effects and studies shown an increase in its monoester metabolite in human urine over the years.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is a diisobutyl phthalate.
Acts as a plasticizer.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is compatible with PVC.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is used in adhesives.

History
In 1836 French chemist Auguste Laurent oxidized naphthalene with chromic acid and created phthalic anhydride, of which phthalates are derived.
Phthalates, including Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP), were first introduced in the 1920s to make plastics more flexible, transparent and long-lived.
They increased their popularity in 1931 when polyvinylchloride (PVC) became commercially available.
Due to the increase in human exposure to phthalates, in 1999 the European Union restricted the use of some of them in children’s toys.

Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -64 °C
Boiling point: 327 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.039 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 11.2-1470Pa at 100℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.49(lit.)
Fp: >230 °F
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Color: Colorless to Light yellow
Water Solubility: Insoluble
FreezingPoint: -50℃
BRN: 2054802
InChIKey: MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 4.11-4.45 at 20-30℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 84-69-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP)(84-69-5)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) (84-69-5)

Uses
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is a Dialkyl phthalate ester phthalate plasticizer which can be used as a substitute of dibutyl phthalate.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) as well as other phthalates have genotoxic effects and studies shown an increase in its monoester metabolite in human urine over the years.

Industry use
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer additive in a range of plastic and rubber materials.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) has low volatility, which makes it ideal for use in products that require long-lasting flexibility, e.g. automotive parts, wire and cable insulation, and flooring.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is dense and water-insoluble.

Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) has been found to be relatively non-toxic, but high levels of exposure to the compound may cause irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
However, in recent years, concerns have been raised about the potential health risks of exposure to phthalates, including DIBP.
Therefore, several countries have restricted or even banned the use of certain phthalates in products.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) has been detected in various environmental matrices, such as air, water, and sediment.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is known to bioaccumulate in certain aquatic species.

Synthesis
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by a double nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction between phthalic anhydride and isobutanol, using various acids as a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, sulfonated graphene, or iron(III) chloride.
Water is a byproduct.
Using sulfuric acid, the yield is 61% yield.

Optimization
Sulfonated graphene is a heterogeneous catalyst that has several advantages over traditional liquid acids like sulfuric acid.
Sulfonated graphene can be easily separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and can be reused multiple times without reduction in activity.
Furthermore, sulfonated graphene is environmentally friendly, as Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) does not produce hazardous waste materials that are typically generated during the use of traditional liquid acid catalysts.
This method has a 95% yield.
Lewis acids, such as FeCl3, can also be used as the catalyst.
The Lewis acid catalysis process can be run at lower temperatures (50-100 °C), and gives a yield of 86%.

Environmental reactions
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can undergo various reactions that may impact the environment.
Examples include:
Hydrolysis: Hydrolyzation of Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can be done by enzymes, bacteria, and other microorganisms in the environment to form phthalic acid and isobutyl alcohol.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can lead to the breakdown and the eventual degradation of DIBP in the soil and water supply.
Photodegradation: Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can undergo photodegradation by exposure to the sunlight.
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can lead to the formation of several degradation products, including phthalic acid, isobutyraldehyde, and other aldehydes.

Biodegradation: Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can be degraded by microorganisms in soil and in the water.
This can transform it into other compounds such as phthalic acid and various isobutyl alcohol derivatives.
Sorption: Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can adsorb or sorb onto soil and sediment particles, which can limit its mobility and availability for biological or chemical degradations and reactions.
Oxidation: Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) can be oxidized in the presence of ozone or other reactive oxygen species.
The formation of various oxidation products, including aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids can be expected.
These reactions can impact the persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in the environment and may have implications for human and ecosystem health.

Production Methods
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) is manufactured by esterifying phthalic anhydride and isobutanol in the presence of sulfuric acid.

Reactivity Profile
Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP) reacts with acids to liberate heat along with isobutyl alcohol and phthalic acid.
May react sufficiently exothermically with strong oxidizing acids to ignite the reaction products.
Heat is also generated by interaction with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides.
Can generate electrostatic charges in handling.
DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP)
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acid esters.
These are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has a role as a plasticiser, a teratogenic agent and a PPAR modulator.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester and a diester.


CAS Number: 84-69-5
EC Number: 201-553-2
MDL number: MFCD00026480
Linear Formula: C6H4-1,2-[CO2CH2CH(CH3)2]2
Chemical formula: C16H22O4



1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid Bis(2-methylpropyl) Ester, Phthalic Acid Diisobutyl ester, Benzenedicarboxylic Acid Diisobutyl Ester, 2-Methylpropyl Phthalate, Bis(2-methylpropyl) Phthalate, Di(2-methylpropyl) Phthalate, Di(isobutyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, Di-iso-Butyl Phthalate, Diisobutyl Phthalate, Hexaplas M/1B, Isobutyl Phthalate, NSC 15316, Palatinol IC, Phthaloyl dichloride, MFCD01861606, EINECS 201-553-2, Phthalyl chloride, bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, Phthalic dichloride, 1,2-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride, tetraphthaloyl chloride, Phthalic acid dichloride, diisobutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, di-l-butyl phthalate (DIBP), Diisobutyl phthalate, phthaloyl chloride, Phthalyl dichloride, benzene-1,2-dicarbonyl dichloride, Phthalic chloride, 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid diisobutyl ester, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, AI3-04278, bisoflex DIBA, bisoflex DIBP, di(isobutyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, DIBP (=diisobutyl phthalate), diplast B, hatcol DIBP, hexaplas M 18, hexaplas M/1B, hexaplas MIB, isobutyl phthalate, jayflex DIBP, kodaflex DIBP, mollan L, phthalic acid diisobutyl ester, vestinol IB), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, BIS(2-METHYLPROPYL)PHTHALATE, DIBP, DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE, DI-ISO-BUTYL PHTHALATE-3,4,5,6-D4, DI-ISO-BUTYL PHTHALATE-D4, PHTHALIC ACID, BIS-ISO-BUTYL ESTER, PHTHALIC ACID DIISOBUTYL ESTER, Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove, Hexaplas M/1B, Isobutyl phthalate, Kodaflex DIBP, Palatinol 1C, Palatinol IC, Uniplex 155, Diisobutyl o-phthalate, Diisobutylphthalate,99%, BIS(METHYL-PROPYL)PHTHALATE,
DIISOBUTYLPHTHALATEESTER, Phthalsurediisobutylester, Reomol DiBP, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid,1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, Phthalic acid,diisobutyl ester, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid,bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, Diisobutyl phthalate, Hexaplas M/1B, Palatinol IC, Isobutyl phthalate, Di-iso-Butyl phthalate, Di(isobutyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, Di(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisobutyl ester, Reomol DiBP, NSC 15316, Bis(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, 2-Methylpropyl phthalate, Bis(2-methylpropyl) o-phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylicacid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (9CI), Phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester (6CI,7CI,8CI), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisobutyl ester, 2-Methylpropyl phthalate, Bis(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, Di(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, Di(isobutyl)1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, Di-iso-Butyl phthalate, Isobutyl phthalate, NSC 15316, Palatinol IC, Reomol DiBP, diisobutyl phthalate, palatinol ic, dibp, isobutyl phthalate, hexaplas m/1b, kodaflex dibp, di-iso-butyl phthalate, phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester, phthalic acid diisobutyl ester, di i-butyl phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, Phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, Diisobutyl phthalate, Hexaplas M/1B, Palatinol IC, Isobutyl phthalate, Di-iso-Butyl phthalate, Di(isobutyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, Di(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisobutyl ester, Reomol DiBP, NSC 15316, Bis(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, 2-Methylpropyl phthalate, Bis(2-methylpropyl) o-phthalate, Bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, Diisobutyl phthalate, Di-iso-butyl phthalate, Di(i-butyl)phthalate, Diisobutyl ester of phthalic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, Bis(2-methylpropyl)ester, Di(isobutyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, Isobutyl-O-phthalate, DIBP, DiBP, Palatinol IC, DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE, 84-69-5, DIBP, Palatinol IC, Isobutyl phthalate, Phthalic Acid Diisobutyl Ester, Hexaplas M/1B, Kodaflex DIBP, Di-iso-butyl phthalate, Phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester, Di(i-butyl)phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove, NSC 15316, bis(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, isobutyl-o-phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, DTXSID9022522, di-2-methylpropyl phthalate, di-l-butyl phthalate (DIBP), IZ67FTN290, CHEBI:79053, NSC-15316, Hatcol DIBP, DTXCID602522, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di(2-methylpropyl) ester, Phthalic acid, bis-isobutyl ester, CAS-84-69-5, SMR000112470, di-isobutyl phthalate, CCRIS 6193, HSDB 5247, AI3-04278 (USDA), EINECS 201-553-2, BRN 2054802, UNII-IZ67FTN290, AI3-04278, Isobutyl phthalate (VAN), bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, EC 201-553-2, Diisobutyl phthalate, 99%, SCHEMBL42787, 4-09-00-03177 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MLS000516002, MLS002152902, BIDD:ER0640, 1, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, CHEMBL1370662, HMS2269D07, NSC15316, Tox21_202429, Tox21_300612, MFCD00026480, AKOS015837516, Diisobutyl phthalate (ACD/Name 4.0), WLN: 1Y1&1OVR BVO1Y1&1, NCGC00091360-01, NCGC00091360-02, NCGC00091360-03, NCGC00091360-04, NCGC00254487-01, NCGC00259978-01, FT-0689059, NS00010605, P0298, Q162259, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, J-503794, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid di(2-methylpropyl) ester, Phthalic acid, bis-isobutyl ester 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane, Diisobutyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, DIBP, Di(i-butyl)phthalate, Di-iso-butyl phthalate, Diisobutylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech], Hatcol DIBP, Hexaplas M/1B, Isobutyl phthalate, Kodaflex DIBP, Palatinol IC, Phthalic acid, diisobutyl ester, Phthaloyl dichloride, MFCD01861606, EINECS 201-553-2, Phthalyl chloride, bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, Phthalic dichloride, 1,2-Benzenedicarbonyl dichloride, tetraphthaloyl chloride, Phthalic acid dichloride, diisobutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, di-l-butyl phthalate (DIBP), Diisobutyl phthalate, phthaloyl chloride, Phthalyl dichloride, benzene-1,2-dicarbonyl dichloride, Phthalic chloride, 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid diisobutyl ester, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, AI3-04278, bisoflex DIBA, bisoflex DIBP, di(isobutyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, DIBP (=diisobutyl phthalate), diplast B, hatcol DIBP, hexaplas M 18, hexaplas M/1B, hexaplas MIB, isobutyl phthalate, jayflex DIBP, kodaflex DIBP, mollan L, phthalic acid diisobutyl ester, vestinol IB), DBP, ARALDITE RESIN, Butyl phthalate, N-BUTYL PHTHALATE, Dibutyl phthalate, Dibutyl-o-phthalate, Di-n-butyl phthalate, Dibutyl Phthalate(DBP), Diisobutyl Phthalate(DIBP), PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER, Phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester, Dibutyl phthalate,abbreviation, PHTHALIC ACID DI-N-BUTYL ESTER, PHTHALIC ACID, BIS-BUTYL ESTER, dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, O-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER, Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butylester, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di(2-methylpropyl) ester, Bis(2-methylpropyl) phthalate, Di-2-methylpropyl phthalate, DIBP, Diisobutyl phthalic acid, Hexaplas M/1B, Isobutyl phthalate,



Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (also known as Isobutyl Phthalate and Palatinol IC) is an odorless plasticizer with the molecular formula C16H22O4.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has a role as a plasticiser, a teratogenic agent and a PPAR modulator.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester and a diester.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is functionally related to an isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can substitute dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in most, if not all, applications.
Since Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is not chemically bound in the polymer matrix it may outgas or be released upon contact with fluids and fat.
In the environment Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is degraded relatively fast.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be sold as a pure substance or as a component of mixtures with other phthalate plasticizers or chemicals.
Examples are dioctyl phthalate (DOP), diisononyl-phthalate (DINP), or bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a natural product found in Artemisia baldshuanica, Lythrum salicaria, and other organisms with data available.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an organic compound used as a plasticizer in the production of plastic and rubber.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a colorless, oily liquid with a slight odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester, which is a type of chemical compound derived from phthalic acid.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is compatible with PVC.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester having the structural formula C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)2)2.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is formed by the esterification of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate. DIBP has lower density and freezing point than DBP (dibutyl phthalate, CAS No.: 84-74-2).


When it comes to excretion, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is first converted into the hydrolytic monoester monoisobutyl phthalate (MIBP).
The primary excretory route is urine, with biliary excretion being noted in minor amounts.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than the related compound dibutyl phthalate (DBP).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a clear liquid.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a colorless oily liquid with a slight ester odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 tonnes per annum.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and benzene.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acid esters.


These are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is found, on average, in the highest concentration within kohlrabis (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes).


This could make Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is denser than water.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is denser than water.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is insoluble in water.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is insoluble in water.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has low toxicity.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has a role as a plasticiser, a teratogenic agent and a PPAR modulator.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (also known as Isobutyl Phthalate and Palatinol IC) is an odorless plasticizer with the molecular formula C16H22O4.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester and a diester.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) derives from an isobutanol.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is insoluble in water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)'s plasticizing effect is the same as that of dibutyl phthalate, but the loss of volatility and water extractability is greater.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a substitute for dibutyl phthalate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can also be used as a plasticizer for cellulose resin, vinyl resin, nitrile rubber and neoprene rubber.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is not suitable for the manufacture of plasticizers for agricultural films, because it is harmful to crops and is not conducive to crop growth.


Other release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is likely to occur from: indoor use, outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a substitute for di-n-butyl phthalate and used in paint production
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture) and wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.


Additionally, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used in applications such as ink, coatings, lacquers, and adhesives.
Other release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).


Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).


Other release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, polymers and adhesives and sealants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and in the production of articles.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a colorless transparent oily liquid used as an alternative to DBP (Dibutyl Phthalate).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in nitrocellulose and alkyd resin paints.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement) and machinery and vehicles.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer that is used in nitrocellulose, alkyd resin paints, inks, coatings, lacquers, and adhesives.
Due to lower production costs, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as an alternative to DBP (Dibutyl Phthalate).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer that is used with different polymers such as polyacrylate, poly acetate dispersions, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, polyurethane, and polyvinyl butyrate.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) often is used in combination with other phthalates.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used most of the time as a substitute for DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the plasticization of PVC, the production of paints, printing inks, and adhesives.
Some of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) uses include: Floorings, Paints, Industrial adhesives, Lacquers, Printing inks, Hydraulic fluids, and Lubricants.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in a variety of products, including food packaging, medical devices, and toys.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of flexible PVC products, such as wire and cable insulation, vinyl flooring, adhesives, and coatings.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in the production of lacquers, printing inks, and synthetic leather.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a Dialkyl phthalate ester phthalate plasticizer which can be used as a substitute of dibutyl phthalate.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) as well as other phthalates have genotoxic effects and studies shown an increase in its monoester metabolite in human urine over the years.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is one of the main plasticizers in common use.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as plasticizer of cellulose resin, vinyl resin, NBR and chlorinated rubber.
Similar to Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), it has excellent solubility, dispersibility and adhesion.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has good compatibility with pigment.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used for coloring film, artificial leather and plastic products.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can also be used as softener of natural rubber and synthetic rubber to improve the resilience of products.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a substitute for DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is considered a specialty plasticizer that is too volatile for use in polyvinyl chloride (PVC).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is often combined with other phthalates.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has good heat and light stability and has been used as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose (lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate), cellulose ether, and polyacrylate and polyacetate dispersions.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in nail polish, cosmetics, lubricants, floor carpets, tapestry, clothing treatments, rubber dentistry settings, as a fuel stabilizer, in leather varnishes and lacquers, as a concrete additive, as an adjusting agent for lead chromate paint pigments, explosive material, lacquer manufacturing, and methyl methacrylate applications.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in printing inks for paper and packaging.
Because Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate (DBP), it can be used as a substitute for DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is mainly used as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride and other plasticizers; General Chemical analysis reagents for gas chromatography stationary liquid.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as solvents, pesticides, plasticizers.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by chemical reaction of phthalic acid with iso-butyl alcohol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer with coagulating properties which was used with different polymers, e.g. poly acrylate, poly acetate dispersions, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, polyurethane, and polyvinyl butyrate.
In combination with other plasticizers Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) was applied as gellant in processing of so-called plastisols.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer in used in consumer products as a substitute ingredient to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) due to structural similarities.


Therefore, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)'s presence in products may increase.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer used in poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) plastic to increase flexibility.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a diisobutyl phthalate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) acts as a plasticizer.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) plastic to increase flexibility.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as plasticizer.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in paints, lacquers, and varnishes.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in the paper and pulp industry and to make boards, chemicals, polymers, adhesives, softeners, and viscosity adjusters.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is present for instance in floorings, adhesives, lacquers, inks, hydraulic fluids and lubricants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) was used as marker in fuels for tax purposes and also in the production of titanium catalysers.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in adhesives.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) may be used as a component in formulations of several products including adhesives, paints, coatings and lubricants.
This and other phthalates are used as plasticizers due to their flexibility and durability.
They are found in many industrial and personal products, such as lacquers, nail polish and cosmetics.


-Industry uses of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer additive in a range of plastic and rubber materials.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has low volatility, which makes it ideal for use in products that require long-lasting flexibility, e.g. automotive parts, wire and cable insulation, and flooring.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is dense and water-insoluble.



PRODUCTION METHOD OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is manufactured by esterifying phthalic anhydride and isobutanol in the presence of sulfuric acid.



AIR & WATER REACTIONS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Insoluble in water.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) reacts with acids to liberate heat along with isobutyl alcohol and phthalic acid.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) may react sufficiently exothermically with strong oxidizing acids to ignite the reaction products.

Heat is also generated by interaction with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can generate electrostatic charges in handling



COMPOUND TYPE OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*Aromatic Hydrocarbon
*Cosmetic Toxin
*Ester
*Ether
*Household Toxin
*Industrial/Workplace Toxin
*Metabolite
*Organic Compound
*Phthalate
*Plasticizer
*Synthetic Compound



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*Benzoyl derivatives
*Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
*Carboxylic acid esters
*Organooxygen compounds
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*Benzoate ester
*Benzoyl
*Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid ester
*Carboxylic acid derivative
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Aromatic homomonocyclic compound



HISTORY OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
In 1836 French chemist Auguste Laurent oxidized naphthalene with chromic acid and created phthalic anhydride, of which phthalates are derived.
Phthalates, including Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), were first introduced in the 1920s to make plastics more flexible, transparent and long-lived.
They increased their popularity in 1931 when polyvinylchloride (PVC) became commercially available.
Due to the increase in human exposure to phthalates, in 1999 the European Union restricted the use of some of them in children’s toys



SYNTHESIS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by a double nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction between phthalic anhydride and isobutanol, using various acids as a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, sulfonated graphene, or iron(III) chloride.
Water is a byproduct.
Using sulfuric acid, the yield is 61% yield.



OPTIMIZATION OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Sulfonated graphene is a heterogeneous catalyst that has several advantages over traditional liquid acids like sulfuric acid.
Sulfonated graphene can be easily separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and can be reused multiple times without reduction in activity.

Furthermore, sulfonated graphene is environmentally friendly, as it does not produce hazardous waste materials that are typically generated during the use of traditional liquid acid catalysts.
This method has a 95% yield.

Lewis acids, such as FeCl3, can also be used as the catalyst.
The Lewis acid catalysis process can be run at lower temperatures (50-100 °C), and gives a yield of 86%.



HOW IS DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP) USED IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY?
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer in food packaging materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films and sheets.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in food contact materials, such as adhesives, coatings, and sealants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used to improve the flexibility, durability, and transparency of these materials.



BENEFIT FOR DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP) HEALTH?
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) does not have any known benefits for health.



HOW IS DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP) REGULATED ACROSS THE WORLD?
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is regulated across the world by various organizations, including the European Union, the United States, Canada, and Japan.
In the EU, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is regulated under the REACH Regulation, which restricts its use in certain consumer products.
In the US, it is regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which has set limits on the amount of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) that can be used in certain products.

In Canada, it is regulated by the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, which sets limits on the amount of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) that can be used in certain products.
In Japan, it is regulated by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, which has set limits on the amount of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) that can be used in certain products.



AVAILABLE FORMS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is clear, colourless, oily liquid form with a mild odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents.



PRODUCTION OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by the esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst.



MECHANISM OF ACTIONS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*PPARγ Pathway
The effects of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure are mainly realized through its activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ).
PPARs are ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors, the family consists of PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ.

There are two isoforms of PPARγ, PPARγ2 is mainly present on cells in adipose tissue, whereas PPARγ1 is found on multiple cells like those in the gut, brain, blood vessels, and some immune and inflammatory cells.

Transcriptional regulation through PPARs requires the formation of a heterodimer with retinoid X receptor (RXR).
Upon activation by Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) this PPARγ/RXR heterodimer binds to a DNA sequence called the PPAR response element (PPRE).
Binding of the transcription factor to this response element can result in either up- or down-regulation of genes.

PPARγ is involved in lipid metabolism and storage as well as glucose metabolism through improving insulin sensitivity, so binding of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) leads to altered leptin and insulin levels.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) also leads to a down-regulation of proteins involved in steroid production, resulting in higher levels of androgenic hormones.

*Cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway
Another type of pathway affected by Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure is the cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway.
There are two pathways affected: the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and the prolactin receptor pathway, both of which affect spermatogenesis.



ENVIRONMENTAL REACTIONS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can undergo various reactions that may impact the environment. Examples include:

*Hydrolysis:
Hydrolyzation of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be done by enzymes, bacteria, and other microorganisms in the environment to form phthalic acid and isobutyl alcohol.
This can lead to the breakdown and the eventual degradation of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) in the soil and water supply

*Photodegradation:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can undergo photodegradation by exposure to the sunlight.
This can lead to the formation of several degradation products, including phthalic acid, isobutyraldehyde, and other aldehydes.

*Biodegradation:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be degraded by microorganisms in soil and in the water.
This can transform Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) into other compounds such as phthalic acid and various isobutyl alcohol derivatives.

*Sorption:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can adsorb or sorb onto soil and sediment particles, which can limit its mobility and availability for biological or chemical degradations and reactions.

*Oxidation:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be oxidized in the presence of ozone or other reactive oxygen species.
The formation of various oxidation products, including aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids can be expected.
These reactions can impact the persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in the environment and may have implications for human and ecosystem health.



STORAGE OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be stored in a Metal drum, stainless steel, aluminum, or polyester-reinforced resin.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be kept away from food.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be stored in containers, separately from Strong oxidants.



METABOLISM OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Upon entering circulation Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is quickly metabolized and excreted through urine, with metabolites reaching peak concentrations 2–4 hours after administration.
The main metabolite of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), which makes up 70% of the excretion products.

MiBP can be oxidized to either 2OH-mono-isobutyl phthalate (2OH-MiBP) or 3OH-mono-isobutyl phthalate (3OH-MiBP), which make up 20% and 1% of the excretion products respectively.
These reactions are likely catalyzed by cytochrome P450 in the liver.

The ratio between MiBP and the oxidized metabolites changes depending on the amount of time that has passed since exposure.
The ratio between MiBP and 2OH-MiBP and that between MiBP and 3OH-MiBP show a similar trend.
With the ratios being high, around 20-30:1, shortly after exposure and dropping gradually as more time passes to rest around 2-5:1.

Therefore, a high ratio of oxidized metabolites to the monoester metabolite suggests that there was recent exposure to Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), within a few hours of measuring, while a lower ratio suggests that there has been more time since exposure.
In addition to oxidation, MiBP can also undergo a glucuronidation reaction, resulting in the metabolite MiBP-glucuronide



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Molecular Weight: 278.34 g/mol
XLogP3: 4.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 278.15180918 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 278.15180918 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 290
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: 13,96 mm2/s at 40 °C
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 0,02 g/l at 20 °C - slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 4,11 at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 0,11 hPa at 100 °C
Density: 1,039 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available

Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
CAS Number: 84-69-5
Molecular Weight: 278.34
Beilstein: 2054802
EC Number: 201-553-2
MDL number: MFCD00026480
Chemical formula: C16H22O4
Molar mass: 278.348 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless viscous liquid
Density: 1.038 g/cm3
Melting point: −37 °C (−35 °F; 236 K)
Boiling point: 320 °C (608 °F; 593 K)
Solubility in water: 1 mg/L at 20 °C
log P: 4.11
Vapor pressure: 0.01 Pa at 20 °C
Flash point: 185 °C (365 °F; 458 K) c.c.

Autoignition temperature: 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K)
Melting Point: -64 °C
Boiling Point: 295.3±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 153.9±7.9 °C
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
Molecular Weight: 278.344
Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
IUPAC name: bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Cas Number: 84-69-5
Molecular weight: 278.34 g/mol
Density: 1.039 g/mL
Boiling Point: 320 °C
Flashpoint: 185 °C
Density: 1.043 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -35 °C (lit.)
Boling Point: 340 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 340°F

Water Solubility: Slightly soluble. 0.0013 g/100 mL
Solubility: Soluble in water (0.4 mg/ml at 20 °C), ethanol.
Very soluble in ether, acetone, and B
Vapor Presure: 1 mm Hg ( 147 °C)
Vapor Density: 9.6 (vs air)
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.049 (20/20℃)
Color: APHA: ≤10
Exposure Limit NIOSH REL: TWA 5 mg/m3, IDLH 4,000 mg/m3;
OSHA PEL: TWA5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3.
Merck: 14,3035
BRN: 1914064
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: weak
Synonyms: di-iso-butyl phthalate
CAS#: 84-69-5

Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
Formula Weight: 278.34
Structural Formula:
Flash point: 177 °C
Boiling point: 327 °C
Melting point: -50°C
Refractive index: 1.4900
Description: Clear liquid.
Melting Point: -64 °C
Boiling Point: 295.3±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 153.9±7.9 °C
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
Molecular Weight: 278.344
Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 295.3±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: -64 °C

Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
Molecular Weight: 278.344
Flash Point: 153.9±7.9 °C
Exact Mass: 278.151794
PSA: 52.60000
LogP: 4.46
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.497
Water Solubility: Insoluble
Freezing Point: -50℃
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: -64 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 327 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 3,2 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,8 %(V)

Flash point: 109 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 423 °C at 1.013 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: neutral
Melting Point: -37 °C
Flammability: Combustible
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 296.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.002000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 309.00 °F. TCC ( 153.90 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 4.110
Soluble in: water, 6.2 mg/L @ 24C (exp)
CAS: 84-74-2
EINECS: 201-557-4
InChIKey: DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4

Molar Mass: 278.34
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Sensitive: Easily absorbing moisture
Explosive Limit: 0.47%, 236°F
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.492(lit.)
MDL: MFCD00009441
Chemical Formula: C16H22O4
Average Molecular Mass: 278.344 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 278.152 g/mol
CAS Registry Number: 84-69-5
IUPAC Name: 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Traditional Name: diisobutyl phthalate
SMILES: CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(C)C
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C16H22O4/c1-11(2)9-19-15(17)13-7-5-6-8-14(13)16(18)20-10-12(3)4/h5-8,11-12H,9-10H2,1-4H3
InChI Key: InChIKey=MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP)
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (also known as Isobutyl Phthalate and Palatinol IC) is an odorless plasticizer with the molecular formula C16H22O4.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


CAS Number: 84-69-5
EC Number: 201-553-2
MDL number: MFCD00026480
Linear Formula: C6H4-1,2-[CO2CH2CH(CH3)2]2
Chemical formula: C16H22O4



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Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an organic compound used as a plasticizer in the production of plastic and rubber.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a colorless, oily liquid with a slight odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester, which is a type of chemical compound derived from phthalic acid.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a clear liquid.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a colorless oily liquid with a slight ester odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 tonnes per annum.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (also known as Isobutyl Phthalate and Palatinol IC) is an odorless plasticizer with the molecular formula C16H22O4.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone and benzene.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acid esters.
These are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is denser than water.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is insoluble in water.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has a role as a plasticiser, a teratogenic agent and a PPAR modulator.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester and a diester.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is functionally related to an isobutanol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate. DIBP has lower density and freezing point than DBP (dibutyl phthalate, CAS No.: 84-74-2).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can substitute dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in most, if not all, applications.
Since Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is not chemically bound in the polymer matrix it may outgas or be released upon contact with fluids and fat.
In the environment Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is degraded relatively fast.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is compatible with PVC.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester having the structural formula C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)2)2.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is formed by the esterification of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.


When it comes to excretion, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is first converted into the hydrolytic monoester monoisobutyl phthalate (MIBP).
The primary excretory route is urine, with biliary excretion being noted in minor amounts.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than the related compound dibutyl phthalate (DBP).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be sold as a pure substance or as a component of mixtures with other phthalate plasticizers or chemicals.
Examples are dioctyl phthalate (DOP), diisononyl-phthalate (DINP), or bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a natural product found in Artemisia baldshuanica, Lythrum salicaria, and other organisms with data available.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.


Other release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.


Other release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is likely to occur from: indoor use, outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture) and wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, polymers and adhesives and sealants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement) and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).


Other release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and in the production of articles.


Release to the environment of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer in used in consumer
products as a substitute ingredient to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) due to structural similarities.


Therefore, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)'s presence in products may
increase.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer used in poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) plastic to increase flexibility.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.
Additionally, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used in applications such as ink, coatings, lacquers, and adhesives.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a diisobutyl phthalate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) acts as a plasticizer.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) plastic to increase flexibility.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as plasticizer.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in paints, lacquers, and varnishes.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in the paper and pulp industry and to make boards, chemicals, polymers, adhesives, softeners, and viscosity adjusters.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a colorless transparent oily liquid used as an alternative to DBP (Dibutyl Phthalate).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in nitrocellulose and alkyd resin paints.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is prepared by esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is an odorless plasticizer and has excellent heat and light stability.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is the lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has lower density and freezing point than DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer that is used in nitrocellulose, alkyd resin paints, inks, coatings, lacquers, and adhesives.
Due to lower production costs, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as an alternative to DBP (Dibutyl Phthalate).
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer that is used with different polymers such as polyacrylate, poly acetate dispersions, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, polyurethane, and polyvinyl butyrate.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) often is used in combination with other phthalates.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used most of the time as a substitute for DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in the plasticization of PVC, the production of paints, printing inks, and adhesives.


Some of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) uses include: Floorings, Paints, Industrial adhesives, Lacquers, Printing inks, Hydraulic fluids, and Lubricants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in a variety of products, including food packaging, medical devices, and toys.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of flexible PVC products, such as wire and cable insulation, vinyl flooring, adhesives, and coatings.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in the production of lacquers, printing inks, and synthetic leather.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a Dialkyl phthalate ester phthalate plasticizer which can be used as a substitute of dibutyl phthalate.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) as well as other phthalates have genotoxic effects and studies shown an increase in its monoester metabolite in human urine over the years.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is one of the main plasticizers in common use.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as plasticizer of cellulose resin, vinyl resin, NBR and chlorinated rubber.
Similar to Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), it has excellent solubility, dispersibility and adhesion.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has good compatibility with pigment.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used for coloring film, artificial leather and plastic products.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can also be used as softener of natural rubber and synthetic rubber to improve the resilience of products.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a substitute for DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of isobutanol Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is considered a specialty plasticizer that is too volatile for use in polyvinyl chloride (PVC).


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is often combined with other phthalates.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has good heat and light stability and has been used as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose (lowest cost plasticizer for cellulose nitrate), cellulose ether, and polyacrylate and polyacetate dispersions.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in nail polish, cosmetics, lubricants, floor carpets, tapestry, clothing treatments, rubber dentistry settings, as a fuel stabilizer, in leather varnishes and lacquers, as a concrete additive, as an adjusting agent for lead chromate paint pigments, explosive material, lacquer manufacturing, and methyl methacrylate applications.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in printing inks for paper and packaging.
Because Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate (DBP), it can be used as a substitute for DBP.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is mainly used as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride and other plasticizers; General Chemical analysis reagents for gas chromatography stationary liquid.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as solvents, pesticides, plasticizers.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has similar properties as dibutyl phthalate and can be used as a substitute for it.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by chemical reaction of phthalic acid with iso-butyl alcohol.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a plasticizer with coagulating properties which was used with different polymers, e.g. poly acrylate, poly acetate dispersions, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, polyurethane, and polyvinyl butyrate.
In combination with other plasticizers Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) was applied as gellant in processing of so-called plastisols.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is present for instance in floorings, adhesives, lacquers, inks, hydraulic fluids and lubricants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) was used as marker in fuels for tax purposes and also in the production of titanium catalysers.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be used as a replacement for dibutyl phthalate due to lower production costs.


Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used in adhesives.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) may be used as a component in formulations of several products including adhesives, paints, coatings and lubricants.
This and other phthalates are used as plasticizers due to their flexibility and durability.
They are found in many industrial and personal products, such as lacquers, nail polish and cosmetics.


-Industry uses of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer additive in a range of plastic and rubber materials.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) has low volatility, which makes it ideal for use in products that require long-lasting flexibility, e.g. automotive parts, wire and cable insulation, and flooring.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is dense and water-insoluble.



HOW IS DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP) USED IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY?
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used as a plasticizer in food packaging materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films and sheets.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is also used in food contact materials, such as adhesives, coatings, and sealants.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is used to improve the flexibility, durability, and transparency of these materials.



BENEFIT FOR DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP) HEALTH?
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) does not have any known benefits for health.



HOW IS DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP) REGULATED ACROSS THE WORLD?
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is regulated across the world by various organizations, including the European Union, the United States, Canada, and Japan.
In the EU, Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is regulated under the REACH Regulation, which restricts its use in certain consumer products.
In the US, it is regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which has set limits on the amount of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) that can be used in certain products.

In Canada, it is regulated by the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, which sets limits on the amount of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) that can be used in certain products.
In Japan, it is regulated by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, which has set limits on the amount of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) that can be used in certain products.



COMPOUND TYPE OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*Aromatic Hydrocarbon
*Cosmetic Toxin
*Ester
*Ether
*Household Toxin
*Industrial/Workplace Toxin
*Metabolite
*Organic Compound
*Phthalate
*Plasticizer
*Synthetic Compound



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*Benzoyl derivatives
*Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives
*Carboxylic acid esters
*Organooxygen compounds
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*Benzoate ester
*Benzoyl
*Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid ester
*Carboxylic acid derivative
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Aromatic homomonocyclic compound



PRODUCTION METHOD OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is manufactured by esterifying phthalic anhydride and isobutanol in the presence of sulfuric acid.



AIR & WATER REACTIONS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Insoluble in water.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) reacts with acids to liberate heat along with isobutyl alcohol and phthalic acid.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) may react sufficiently exothermically with strong oxidizing acids to ignite the reaction products.

Heat is also generated by interaction with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can generate electrostatic charges in handling



HISTORY OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
In 1836 French chemist Auguste Laurent oxidized naphthalene with chromic acid and created phthalic anhydride, of which phthalates are derived.
Phthalates, including Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), were first introduced in the 1920s to make plastics more flexible, transparent and long-lived.
They increased their popularity in 1931 when polyvinylchloride (PVC) became commercially available.
Due to the increase in human exposure to phthalates, in 1999 the European Union restricted the use of some of them in children’s toys



SYNTHESIS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by a double nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction between phthalic anhydride and isobutanol, using various acids as a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, sulfonated graphene, or iron(III) chloride.
Water is a byproduct.
Using sulfuric acid, the yield is 61% yield.



OPTIMIZATION OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Sulfonated graphene is a heterogeneous catalyst that has several advantages over traditional liquid acids like sulfuric acid.
Sulfonated graphene can be easily separated from the reaction mixture by filtration and can be reused multiple times without reduction in activity.

Furthermore, sulfonated graphene is environmentally friendly, as it does not produce hazardous waste materials that are typically generated during the use of traditional liquid acid catalysts.
This method has a 95% yield.

Lewis acids, such as FeCl3, can also be used as the catalyst.
The Lewis acid catalysis process can be run at lower temperatures (50-100 °C), and gives a yield of 86%.



AVAILABLE FORMS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is clear, colourless, oily liquid form with a mild odor.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents.



PRODUCTION OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is synthesized by the esterification process of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst.



MECHANISM OF ACTIONS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
*PPARγ Pathway
The effects of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure are mainly realized through its activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ).
PPARs are ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors, the family consists of PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ.
There are two isoforms of PPARγ, PPARγ2 is mainly present on cells in adipose tissue, whereas PPARγ1 is found on multiple cells like those in the gut, brain, blood vessels, and some immune and inflammatory cells.

Transcriptional regulation through PPARs requires the formation of a heterodimer with retinoid X receptor (RXR).
Upon activation by Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) this PPARγ/RXR heterodimer binds to a DNA sequence called the PPAR response element (PPRE).
Binding of the transcription factor to this response element can result in either up- or down-regulation of genes.

PPARγ is involved in lipid metabolism and storage as well as glucose metabolism through improving insulin sensitivity, so binding of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) leads to altered leptin and insulin levels.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) also leads to a down-regulation of proteins involved in steroid production, resulting in higher levels of androgenic hormones.

*Cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway
Another type of pathway affected by Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure is the cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway.
There are two pathways affected: the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and the prolactin receptor pathway, both of which affect spermatogenesis.



ENVIRONMENTAL REACTIONS OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can undergo various reactions that may impact the environment. Examples include:

*Hydrolysis:
Hydrolyzation of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be done by enzymes, bacteria, and other microorganisms in the environment to form phthalic acid and isobutyl alcohol.
This can lead to the breakdown and the eventual degradation of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) in the soil and water supply

*Photodegradation:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can undergo photodegradation by exposure to the sunlight.
This can lead to the formation of several degradation products, including phthalic acid, isobutyraldehyde, and other aldehydes.

*Biodegradation:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be degraded by microorganisms in soil and in the water.
This can transform Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) into other compounds such as phthalic acid and various isobutyl alcohol derivatives.

*Sorption:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can adsorb or sorb onto soil and sediment particles, which can limit its mobility and availability for biological or chemical degradations and reactions.

*Oxidation:
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) can be oxidized in the presence of ozone or other reactive oxygen species.
The formation of various oxidation products, including aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids can be expected.
These reactions can impact the persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in the environment and may have implications for human and ecosystem health.



STORAGE OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be stored in a Metal drum, stainless steel, aluminum, or polyester-reinforced resin.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be kept away from food.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) should be stored in containers, separately from Strong oxidants.



METABOLISM OF DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
Upon entering circulation Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is quickly metabolized and excreted through urine, with metabolites reaching peak concentrations 2–4 hours after administration.
The main metabolite of Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), which makes up 70% of the excretion products.

MiBP can be oxidized to either 2OH-mono-isobutyl phthalate (2OH-MiBP) or 3OH-mono-isobutyl phthalate (3OH-MiBP), which make up 20% and 1% of the excretion products respectively.
These reactions are likely catalyzed by cytochrome P450 in the liver.

The ratio between MiBP and the oxidized metabolites changes depending on the amount of time that has passed since exposure.
The ratio between MiBP and 2OH-MiBP and that between MiBP and 3OH-MiBP show a similar trend.
With the ratios being high, around 20-30:1, shortly after exposure and dropping gradually as more time passes to rest around 2-5:1.

Therefore, a high ratio of oxidized metabolites to the monoester metabolite suggests that there was recent exposure to Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), within a few hours of measuring, while a lower ratio suggests that there has been more time since exposure.
In addition to oxidation, MiBP can also undergo a glucuronidation reaction, resulting in the metabolite MiBP-glucuronide



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
CAS Number: 84-69-5
Molecular Weight: 278.34
Beilstein: 2054802
EC Number: 201-553-2
MDL number: MFCD00026480
Chemical formula: C16H22O4
Molar mass: 278.348 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless viscous liquid
Density: 1.038 g/cm3
Melting point: −37 °C (−35 °F; 236 K)
Boiling point: 320 °C (608 °F; 593 K)
Solubility in water: 1 mg/L at 20 °C
log P: 4.11
Vapor pressure: 0.01 Pa at 20 °C
Flash point: 185 °C (365 °F; 458 K) c.c.
Autoignition temperature: 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K)

Molecular Weight: 278.34 g/mol
XLogP3: 4.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 278.15180918 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 278.15180918 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 290
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: weak
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: -64 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 327 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 3,2 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,8 %(V)
Flash point: 109 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 423 °C at 1.013 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: neutral

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: 13,96 mm2/s at 40 °C
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 0,02 g/l at 20 °C - slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 4,11 at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 0,11 hPa at 100 °C
Density: 1,039 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

Melting Point: -64 °C
Boiling Point: 295.3±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 153.9±7.9 °C
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
Molecular Weight: 278.344
Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
IUPAC name: bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Cas Number: 84-69-5
Molecular weight: 278.34 g/mol
Density: 1.039 g/mL
Boiling Point: 320 °C
Flashpoint: 185 °C

Melting Point: -37 °C
Flammability: Combustible
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 296.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.002000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 309.00 °F. TCC ( 153.90 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 4.110
Soluble in: water, 6.2 mg/L @ 24C (exp)
CAS: 84-74-2
EINECS: 201-557-4
InChIKey: DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C16H22O4
Molar Mass: 278.34

Density: 1.043 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -35 °C (lit.)
Boling Point: 340 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 340°F
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble. 0.0013 g/100 mL
Solubility: Soluble in water (0.4 mg/ml at 20 °C), ethanol.
Very soluble in ether, acetone, and B
Vapor Presure: 1 mm Hg ( 147 °C)
Vapor Density: 9.6 (vs air)
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.049 (20/20℃)
Color: APHA: ≤10
Exposure Limit NIOSH REL: TWA 5 mg/m3, IDLH 4,000 mg/m3;
OSHA PEL: TWA5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3.
Merck: 14,3035
BRN: 1914064

Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Sensitive: Easily absorbing moisture
Explosive Limit: 0.47%, 236°F
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.492(lit.)
MDL: MFCD00009441
Chemical Formula: C16H22O4
Average Molecular Mass: 278.344 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 278.152 g/mol
CAS Registry Number: 84-69-5
IUPAC Name: 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Traditional Name: diisobutyl phthalate
SMILES: CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(C)C
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C16H22O4/c1-11(2)9-19-15(17)13-7-5-6-8-14(13)16(18)20-10-12(3)4/h5-8,11-12H,9-10H2,1-4H3
InChI Key: InChIKey=MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



DIISOBUTYL PHTHALATE (DIBP)
DIISOBUTYL SUCCINATE, N° CAS : 925-06-4, Nom INCI : DIISOBUTYL SUCCINATE, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 213-113-7. Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent plastifiant : Adoucit et rend souple une autre substance qui autrement ne pourrait pas être facilement déformée, dispersée ou être travaillée
DIISOBUTYL SUCCINATE
DINP; Isononyl alcohol phthalate; DINP; Palatinol DN; Palatinol N; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester; Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate; Di(C8-C10) branched alkyl phthalate; Di(isononyl) phthalate branched; Di(C8-10, C9 rich) branched alkyl phthalates; Vestinol 9; Vestinol NN; Vinylcizer 90; Witamol 150 CAS NO:28553-12-0
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE
cas no 28553-12-0 DINP; Isononyl alcohol phthalate; DINP; Palatinol DN; Palatinol N; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester; Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate; Di(C8-C10) branched alkyl phthalate; Di(isononyl) phthalate branched; Di(C8-10, C9 rich) branched alkyl phthalates; Vestinol 9; Vestinol NN; Vinylcizer 90; Witamol 150;
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP)
SYNONYMS Bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine; DI(2-Hydroxy-n-propyl) amine; 1,1'-imino-bis(2-propanol); DIPA; 2,2'-dihydroxy-dipropyl-amine; 1,1'-iminodipropan-2-ol; Bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine; Bis(2-propanol)amine; Dipropyl-2,2'-dihydroxy-amine CAS NO. 110-97-4
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP)
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) belongs to a family of chemicals called phthalates, which are added to some plastics to make them flexible.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is the diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.


CAS Number: 28553-12-0
EC Number: 249-079-5
Molecular Formula : C26H42O4


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has a flashpoint of 464°F and is considered non-hazardous by the DOT.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a high molecular weight phthalate-plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a high molecular weight phthalate-plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate plasticizer, used in the manufacture of flexible PVCs (Poly vinyl chloride) plastics, co polymers and resins.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is denser than water.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is insoluble in water.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is the diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has a role as a plasticiser.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate ester and a diester.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)’s volatilization weightlessness is smaller than DOP.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) C6H4(COOC9H19)2, is a clear, colorless, and almost odorless liquid chemical.
Intrinsic viscosity of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is similar to DOP.
You will get a more high viscosity value if use Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) alone.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is suitable for the plastic production, proving stable viscosity and no problems exist during disperse foaming.
The melting temperature of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is low.
As the PVC coating, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has the lowest viscosity and the change in viscosity quite small.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a clear, colorless, and almost odorless liquid chemical.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is soluble in most organic solvents.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is denser than water.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is insoluble in water.


As the PVC coating, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has the lowest viscosity and the change in viscosity quite small.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate that is mainly used as additives in plastics to make them more flexible.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s structure and applications are very similar to those of DIDP.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) C6H4(COOC9H19)2, is a clear, colorless, and almost odorless liquid chemical.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is soluble in most organic solvents.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is produced by esterifying Isononanol Phthalic Anhydride.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s plasticizing characteristic is similar to that of DEHP.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is classified as a HMW (high molecular weight) phthalate plasticizer.
The other types of HMW phthalates include: diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and dipropylheptyl phthalate (DPHP)


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a preferred replacement for DOP plasticizer, and is highly compatible with PVC and shows good permanence.
However, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s low volatility is advantageous for certain applications.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) 1 (CAS 68515-48-0) is produced by the so called polygas process and contains more or less equal amounts of 3,4-, 4,6-, 3,6-, 3,5-, 4,5-, und 5,6-dimethyl heptanol-1.


When compared to DOP, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has lower volatility, improved cold temperature flexibility, and better permanence in the final product.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is suitable for the plastic production, proving stable viscosity and no problems exist during disperse foaming.
The melting temperature of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is low.


You will get a more high viscosity value if use Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) alone.
The melting temperature of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is low.
As the PVC coating, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has the lowest viscosity and the change in viscosity quite small.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general use high molecular weight Plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general plasticizer.
Compared to DEHP, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s plasticizing efficiency, migration and water extraction rate are lower, while its gelation temperature and electric resistivity are mildly higher.


The term Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) denominates a group of several phthalate diesters with slightly different branching of the alcohol chains.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a high molecular weight phthalate.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s low volatility not only extends the life of a product, but also reduces evaporation during processing.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a major component in determining the physical properties of vinyl products such as their durability, resistance to heat and cold and their flexibility.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is the diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is REACH registered.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate used as a plasticizer in e.g. food contact materials.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is insoluble in water, extremely resistant to changing temperatures and has high thermal insulation as well as long lasting wear and durability.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has a role as a plasticiser.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate ester and a diester.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) C6H4(COOC9H19)2, is a clear, colorless, and almost odorless liquid chemical.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is soluble in most organic solvents.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP), also known as DINP, is a clear and colorless liquid substance with a mild odor.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) 2 (CAS 28553-12-0) is based on n-butene and its alcohol fraction consists mainly of alkyl substituted octanols, heptanols and hexanols.
For regulatory purposes they are therefore handled as one.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a major component in determining the physical properties of vinyl products such as their durability, resistance to heat and cold and their flexibility.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is insoluble in water, extremely resistant to changing temperatures and has high thermal insulation as well as long lasting wear and durability.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)’s volatilization weightlessness is smaller than DOP.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is the diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.


Intrinsic viscosity is similar to DOP.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a major component in determining the physical properties of vinyl products such as their durability, resistance to heat and cold and their flexibility.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is soluble in most organic solvents.
As compared to DOP, the low volatility and better endurability of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) significantly reduces the fume emissions during the processing procedure and improves Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s permanence in the final product.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has a flashpoint of 464°F and is considered non-hazardous by the DOT.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP), also known as DINP, is a clear and colorless liquid substance with a mild odor.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a complex mixture of isomers.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) belongs to a family of chemicals called phthalates, which are added to some plastics to make them flexible.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate used as a plasticizer.
You will get a more high viscosity value if use Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) alone.


Di-isononyl phthalate is an oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)’s volatilization weightlessness is smaller than DOP.
Intrinsic viscosity of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is similar to DOP.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general use high molecular weight PVC Plasticizer which provides a good balance of cost savings and properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used Coatings, Adhesives, Sealants & Elastomers, Chemical & Materials Manufacturing, Surface Treatment - Fluids, Lubricants & Metalworking.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, lubricants and greases and polymers.


More than half of the remaining 5 percent is used in the production of polymers other than PVC (e.g. rubber).
The remaining Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in non-polymer applications including anti-corrosion paints, anti-fouling paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives and sealants.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s extreme flexibility and low volatility make Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) a preferred choice in a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications.


Other release to the environment of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


Other release to the environment of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used to strengthen the flexibility of PVC items such as wire, stationary, gloves, vinyl flooring, garden hoses, tubing footwear, vehicle undercoating coated fabrics and toy making.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in garden hoses, pool liners, flooring tiles, and tarp.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) is used to soften or “plasticize” polyvinyl chloride (PVC), commonly referred to as vinyl.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, electrical batteries and accumulators and machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is widely used in non-PVC applications such as rubbers, pigments, paints, printing inks, sealants, and adhesives.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys) and leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture).


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, polymers, coating products and adhesives and sealants.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) is a phthalic acid ester of isononyl alcohol and Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is phthalate-based plasticizer which is primarily used as an additive in PVC plastics, co-polymers and resins.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
As compared to DOP, the low volatility and better endurability of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) significantly reduces the fume emissions during the processing procedure and improves Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s permanence in the final product.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and machinery and vehicles.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is widely used chemical with potential thyroid-disrupting properties.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is mainly used to increase the flexibility of the various PVC products.


Other release to the environment of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP), Technical, a mixture of chemical compounds, is a phthalate used as a plasticizer consisting of several isononyl esters of phthalic acid.
Technical grade products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use.
In particular, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) finds use in the automotive, construction, home, adhesive, leather and shoe, wire & cable, and textile markets. DINP can also be mixed with a variety of secondary plasticizers.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is REACH registered.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general purpose plasticizer, used in a wide range of industries and products.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in the following products: polymers, adhesives and sealants, coating products, inks and toners, lubricants and greases and metal surface treatment products.


End applications of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) include adhesives and glues, agricultural adjuvants, building materials, personal care products, children’s toys, modeling clay, waxes, paints, printing inks and coatings, as well as textiles.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is also commonly used in non-PVC applications such as pigments, printing inks, adhesives, sealants, paints and rubber.


Release to the environment of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can occur from industrial use: formulation in materials and formulation of mixtures.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a plasticizer mainly for PVC and is present for instance in floorings and wall coverings, carpets, shoe soles, tubes, cables and vinyl gloves.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is not chemically bound in the polymer matrix and may outgas or be released upon contact with fluids or fats.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in the following products: polymers, adhesives and sealants, lubricants and greases, coating products and inks and toners.
While Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primary used as a plasticizer Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) also finds use in paints, sealants and lubricants.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and building & construction work.
One of the non-PVC applications of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) are sealings, which are often applied to windows and doors for improved insulation.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, rubber products, machinery and vehicles, furniture.


As compared to DOP, the low volatility and better endurability of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) significantly reduces the fume emissions during the processing procedure and improves Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s permanence in the final product.
Release to the environment of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles and in processing aids at industrial sites.


Some of the substantial applications of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) are flooring & flooring, wires & cables, hoses & tubes, automobile coatings, coated fabrics, safety gloves, artificial leather, footwear, and toy making.
Release to the environment of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is mainly used to PVC, and also widely used to toys’ film, wire and cable since DINP has good water proofing, extraction resistance, electric insulating property.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a preferred replacement for DOP plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used industry thin-film, waterproof cloth, layer sheet, ground covering, wallpaper, cable batch, special type fibre, artificial leather binder, coating, solvent, packaging film, tube stock and sectional materials.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) by Chemceed is a general use high molecular weight PVC plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DiNP) is primarily used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is general-purpose primary plasticizing agent with excellent performance.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is of good intermiscibility with PVC, and will not dissolve out even when used in large quantity; its volatility, migration and nontoxicity are better than that of DOP, hence will endow the goods with good light-resistance, heat-resistance, ageing-resistance and electric insulativity, and its comprehensive performance is better than that of DOP.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used general purpose plasticizers for PVC applications and flexible vinyls.


As goods make of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is of good water extraction resistance, low toxic, ageing-resistant and excellent electric insulativity, it is widely used for the toy film, wires and cables.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used as a softener in all PVC paste and pulp mixtures.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in various types of plastic consumer products, including:
Some polyvinyl chloride (PVC, vinyl) flooring, materials used in automobile interiors, wire and cable insulation, gloves, tubing, garden hoses, and shoes.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in all calendaring systems, automotive sector, cable production, synthetic leather production, bookbinding fabric production, PVC and Floor Covering production.


Non-PVC products containing Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) include rubbers, lacquers, inks, sealants, pigments, adhesives and paints.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate used as a plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid, and is commonly used in a large variety of plastic items.


Industry thin-film, waterproof cloth, layer sheet, ground covering, wallpaper, cable batch, special type fibre, artificial leather binder, coating, solvent, packaging film, tube stock and sectional materials.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is one of the phthalates most frequently used in plastic products.


Phthalates in general are used in a large variety of products, from enteric coatings of pharmaceutical pills and nutritional supplements to viscosity control agents, gelling agents, film formers, stabilizers, dispersants, lubricants, binders, emulsifuying agents, and suspending agents.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in various types of plastic consumer products, including: Industry thin-film, waterproof cloth, layer sheet, ground covering, wallpaper, cable batch, special type fibre, artificial leather binder, coating, solvent, packaging film, tube stock and sectional materials.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general-purpose plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride.
Some polyvinyl chloride (PVC, vinyl) flooring, materials used in automobile interiors, wire and cable insulation, gloves, tubing, garden hoses, and shoes.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is also used in some non-PVC products, such as some inks and pigments, adhesives, sealants, paints and lacquers.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can be used in the production of gloves, toys, cables, rubber tape and other industries.
Additionally, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can be used in applications such as anti-corrosion paints, anti-fouling paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives, and sealants.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in a diverse range of industrial products such as electrical wire and cables, flexible PVC sheeting, coated fabrics, automotive parts, building and construction (waterproofing), vinyl flooring, footwear, sealings, lamination film.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is also used in some non-PVC products, such as some inks and pigments, adhesives, sealants, paints and lacquers.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has been widely used in everyday products, ranging from floorings to shoe soles.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is most commonly used to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC), also known as vinyl, in the automobile, flooring and construction industries.


Common products using Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) are electric cables and synthetic leather, hoses for household appliances and wiring.
Phthalates in general are used in a large variety of products, from enteric coatings of pharmaceutical pills and nutritional supplements to viscosity control agents, gelling agents, film formers, stabilizers, dispersants, lubricants, binders, emulsifuying agents, and suspending agents.


In the 1990s, around 95% of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) was used in PVC as a plasticiser.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is mainly used to increase the flexibility of the various PVC products.
Some of the substantial applications of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) are flooring & flooring, wires & cables, hoses & tubes, automobile coatings, coated fabrics, safety gloves, artificial leather, footwear, and toy making.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primarily used as a PVC plasticizer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) is a phthalate used as a plasticizer in e.g. food contact materials.
More than half of the remaining 5%, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) was used in the production of polymers other than PVC (e.g. rubbers).


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primarily used as a plasticizer or softener in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, including vinyl flooring, wire and cable insulation, coated fabrics, gloves, toys, garden hoses, artificial leather and footwear.
The remaining Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) was used in non-polymer applications including inks, adhesives and sealants, paints and lacquers.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used Plastic, Resin & Rubber, Solvents & Degreasers, Plasticizers, Solvents
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is most commonly used to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC), also known as vinyl, in the automobile, flooring and construction industries.
Specifically, approximately 95 percent of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) produced is used in PVC as a plasticiser.
Common products using Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) are electric cables and synthetic leather, hoses for household appliances and wiring.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primarily used as a PVC plasticizer.
As compared to DOP, the low volatility and better endurability of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) significantly reduces the fume emissions during the processing procedure and improves its permanence in the final product.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) is highly compatible and shows good permanence.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) is used for a wide variety of flexible PVC applications including plastisols, extruded and molded parts.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is widely used in almost all the rapidly growing industries such as footwear making, plastics, and electricals.
The major factors favoring this growth of the market are surging demand from major end-use industries namely automotive, construction, paints & coatings, and toy making.


The plasticizers significantly increase the operation ability and flexibility of the various polymeric materials.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used to increase the flexibility of following PVC products: vinyl flooring, wire, garden hoses, stationery, automobile undercoatings coated fabrics, gloves, tubing, artificial leather, footwear, roofing materials, cable insulation and toys.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primarily used as a PVC plasticizer.
End applications include adhesives and glues, agricultural adjuvants, building materials, personal care products, children’s toys, modeling clay, waxes, paints, printing inks and coatings, as well as textiles.


Further applications include rubber, dispersions, paints, lacquers, sealants, adhesives and packaging.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is increasingly used as substitute of DEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate).
As a PVC plasticizer, DDiisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in formualtions of screen printing inks.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a versatile plasticizer used for a wide variety of flexible PVC applications including plastisols, extruded, and molded parts.
Phthalates in general are used in a large variety of products, from enteric coatings of pharmaceutical pills and nutritional supplements to viscosity control agents, gelling agents, film formers, stabilizers, dispersants, lubricants, binders, emulsifuying agents, and suspending agents.


Diisononyl (DINP) is a phthalate plasticer and is used in the production of synthetic polymers, flexible PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) plastics and resins.
Plasticizers make polymeric material more flexible and pliable.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primarily used as a PVC plasticizer.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used as a plasticiser to make plastics more flexible.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general purpose plasticizer used in a multitude of vinyl products that demand flexibility, durability and specific functionality.
While Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)’s primary function is as a softener, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is also used in sealants, paints and lubricants.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s extreme flexibility and low volatility make Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) a preferred choice in a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)-plasticized PVC is used for many shoe soles because of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s flexibility, durability and anti-slip properties.


Additionally, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is widely used in non-PVC applications such as rubbers, pigments, paints, printing inks, sealants, and adhesives.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is one of the phthalates most frequently used in plastic products.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is mainly used to PVC, and also widely used to toys’ film, wire and cable since DINP has good water proofing, extraction resistance, electric insulating property and low-poisonousness.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is suitable for the plastic production, proving stable viscosity and no problems exist during disperse foaming.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is mainly used to PVC, and also widely used to toys’ film, wire and cable since Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has good water proofing, extraction resistance, electric insulating property and low-poisonousness.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid, and is commonly used in a large variety of plastic items.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is also used in other products such as rubber, inks, pigments and paints.


End applications include adhesives and glues, agricultural adjuvants, building materials, personal care products, children’s toys, modeling clay, waxes, paints, printing inks and coatings, as well as textiles.
Specifically, approximately 95 percent of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) produced is used in PVC as a plasticiser.


More than half of the remaining 5 percent is used in the production of polymers other than PVC (e.g. rubber).
The remaining Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in non-polymer applications including anti-corrosion paints, anti-fouling paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives and sealants.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in Wires & Cables, Leather & Clothes, Gloves, Shoes, Construction Materials, Plastic Products, PVC Plastisols, Wrapping and Plastic Inflation Products, etc.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a phthalate used as a plasticizer in e.g. food contact materials.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is typically a mixture of chemical compounds consisting of various isononyl esters of phthalic acid.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used to soften or “plasticize” polyvinyl chloride (PVC), commonly referred to as vinyl.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general purpose plasticizer used in a multitude of vinyl products that demand flexibility, durability and specific functionality.
While Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)’s primary function is as a softener, it is also used in sealants, paints and lubricants.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)is a general purpose plasticizer, used in a wide range of industries and products.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is most commonly used to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC), also known as vinyl, in the automobile, flooring and construction industries.
Common products using Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) are electric cables and synthetic leather, hoses for household appliances and wiring.
Its extreme flexibility and low volatility make Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) a preferred choice in a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications.


While Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is primary used as a plasticizer it also finds use in paints, sealants and lubricants.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general use high molecular weight PVC Plasticizer which provides a good balance of cost savings and properties.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a preferred replacement for DOP plasticizer, and is highly compatible with PVC and shows good permanence.


When compared to DOP, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has lower volatility, improved cold temperature flexibility, and better permanence in the final product.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a versatile plasticizer used for a wide variety of flexible PVC applications including plastisols, extruded, and molded parts.
In particular, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) finds use in the automotive, construction, home, adhesive, leather and shoe, wire & cable, and textile markets.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can also be mixed with a variety of secondary plasticizers.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a plasticizer mainly for PVC and is present for instance in floorings and wall coverings, carpets, shoe soles, tubes, cables and vinyl gloves.


Further applications of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) include rubber, dispersions, paints, lacquers, sealants, adhesives and packaging.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is increasingly used as substitute of DEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate).
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is not chemically bound in the polymer matrix and may outgas or be released upon contact with fluids or fats.


When it enters the environment Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is readily degraded.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has a relatively high potential for bioaccumulation.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a general use high molecular weight Plasticizer.


Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used as a PVC plasticizer, Diisononyl
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in formualtions of screen printing inks.
Additionally, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can be used in applications such as anti-corrosion paints, anti-fouling paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives, and sealants.


-Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) also provides protection benefits to automobiles:
Soft PVC used as a protective layer for the chassis, doubles the normal in-service life of modern vehicles and reduces the need for servicing and repairs. Car manufacturers spray the plastisol (liquid layer produced using DINP) onto the metal underside of the chassis where Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) solidifies into a thin but extremely tough surface during the curing of the paint.

Soft PVC plasticized with Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used for underbody coatings and sealants in automotive industry.
An average car contains more than 1,000 plastic parts, of which about 12 per cent (by weight) are made of soft PVC, lowering the total weight of vehicles, which leads to less wear and tear on roads, reduced fuel consumption and lower CO2 emissions.


-Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is one of the most commonly used plasticizers in the market.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) product is a great plasticizer for vinyl products, giving products both good low temperature and low volatility performance.
Common applications of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) include dipping, slush molding, spray coatings, and castings.


-Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (DINP) is a phthalic acid ester of isononyl alcohol and Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is phthalate-based plasticizer which is primarily used as an additive in PVC plastics, co-polymers and resins.
The plasticizers significantly increase the operation ability and flexibility of the various polymeric materials.


-Specifically, approximately 95 percent of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) produced is used in PVC as a plasticiser.
More than half of the remaining 5 percent is used in the production of polymers other than PVC (e.g. rubber).
The remaining Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is used in non-polymer applications including anti-corrosion paints, anti-fouling paints, lacquers, inks, adhesives and sealants.


-Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is general-purpose primary plasticizing agent with excellent performance.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is of good intermiscibility with PVC, and will not dissolve out even when used in large quantity;
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s volatility, migration and nontoxicity are better than that of DOP, hence will endow the goods with good light-resistance, heat-resistance, ageing-resistance and electric insulativity, and Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s comprehensive performance is better than that of DOP.
As goods make of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is of good water extraction resistance, low toxic, ageing-resistant and excellent electric insulativity, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is widely used for the toy film, wires and cables.



ADVANTAGES OF DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
– Compared to DOP, a lower viscosity paste can be obtained.
– Since its migration is low, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) extends the service life of plastic goods.
– Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) provides volumetric advantage since its density is lower than DOP.
– Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) ensures that PVC pastes can be stored at the same viscosity for a longer time.
– Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP)'s use is not restricted according to the Reach statute.
– Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) provides electrical resistance.
– Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) does not cause any change in the chemical structure of the polymer.
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) provides the desired change in physical and mechanical properties.
– In general, Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) can gel all polymeric materials easily and quickly.
– Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) provides the product with the desired elasticity.



PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) (C26H42O4), CAS No.: 28553-12-0 and 68515-48-0, with an alkyl chain length of 9,9 /1/ is a colourless oily liquid.
The molecular weight of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is 418.6 (418.6-432.6).
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) has a melting point of about -48°C and a boiling point at 440°C /1, 7/.
The density of Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is 0.97 g/ml and the vapour pressure is <5.0·10-7 mmHg at 25°C.



WATER SOLUBILITY OF DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) is a high molecular weight phthalate.
Evidence indicates that many of the measured water solubilities for high molecular weight phthalates esters reported in the literature are erroneously too high.
The water solubility is calculated to be 2.31-5 mg/l /7/ while, in the literature, several aqueous solubility data on Diisononyl Phthalate (DINP) range from 7.8·10-5 to 0.0006 mg/l.



ADVANTAGES OF DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
*It allows a paste with a lower viscosity compared to DOP.
*It extends service life of plastic goods since it features less migration.
*It provides volume advantage since its density is less than DOP.
*It provides longer storage periods of PVC pastes at the same viscosity levels.
*Its use is not restricted according to Reach Registration.
*It provides electrical resistance.
*It does not cause any changes in the chemical structure of the polymer.
*It provides required changes in physical and mechanical properties.
*It jellifies easily and quickly all polymeric substances in general.
*It provides obtaining a product with required elasticity.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
Chemical formula: C26H42O4
Molar mass: 418.618 g·mol−1
Appearance: Oily viscous liquid
Density: 0.98 g/cm3
Melting point: −43 °C (−45 °F; 230 K)
Boiling point: 244 to 252 °C (471 to 486 °F; 517 to 525 K) at 0.7 kPa
Solubility in water: Viscosity: 64 to 265 mPa·s
Flash point: 221 °C (430 °F; 494 K) (c.c.)
Autoignition temperature: 380 °C (716 °F; 653 K)
Appearance: An oily liquid with no visible impurities
Acidity(mgKOH/g): ≤0.06
Water content (%): ≤0.1
Density(20℃)/g/cm3: 0.971-0.977
Chromaticity (platinum cobalt) number: ≤30
Molecular Weight: 418.6 g/mol
XLogP3: 9.6

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 18
Exact Mass: 418.30830982 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 418.30830982 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 30
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 416
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance Form: liquid
Molecular weight: 418,61 g/mol
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available

Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Density: 0,972 g/mL at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid.
odor: characteristic
Molecular Weight: 418.6 g/mol
Water Concentration: Max. 0.05% (ASTM E 203)
viscosity: 70-80 mPa.s (20 ºC) (ASTM D 7042)
Density: 0.970 - 0.974 g/cm3 (20 ºC) (ASTM D 4052)
Refractive Index: 1.4830 - 1.4870 (20 ˚C) (ASTM D 1045)
Acid Index: Max. 0.07 mg KOH /g (ASTM D 1045)
Flash Point: min. 205 ˚C (ASTM D 92 Open Cup)
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: -48.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Boiling Point: 463.35 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 5.400000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 419.00 °F. TCC ( 214.90 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 9.026 (est)
Soluble in:
water, 0.2 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
water, 2.317e-005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let the product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIISONONYL PHTHALATE (DINP):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE
28553-12-0
68515-48-0
Diisononylphthalate
DINP
20548-62-3
bis(7-methyloctyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Enj 2065
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisononyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester
Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate
CHEBI:35459
Diisononyl phthalate, technical grade
DSSTox_CID_2521
DSSTox_RID_78653
DSSTox_GSID_28665
Baylectrol 4200
ENJ 2065
Phthalisocizer DINP
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylicacid
di-C8-10-branched alkyl esters
C9-rich
CAS-68515-48-0
di-isononyl phthalate
aromatic ester
DIACIZER DINP
MONOCIZER DINP
PALATINOL DINP
PLASTOMOLL DINP
Phthalic Acid Bis(7-methyloctyl) Ester
VINYCIZER 90
DINP [MI]
Bis(7-methyloctyl)phthalate
DSSTox_RID_76608
DSSTox_GSID_22521
SCHEMBL21592
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid 1,2-diisononyl ester
BIDD:ER0440
CCRIS 7927
Diisononyl Phthalate, Technical
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(7-methyloctyl) ester
Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate #
CHEMBL1905899
DTXSID60860420
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE [HSDB]
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE [INCI]
EINECS 271-090-9
Tox21_200745
Tox21_202296
Tox21_303462
MFCD00044119
AKOS015838981
NCGC00163810-01
NCGC00163810-02
NCGC00257365-01
NCGC00258299-01
NCGC00259845-01
Phthalic acid, bis(7-methyloctyl) ester
AS-77000
CAS-28553-12-0
FT-0624987
FT-0667184
FT-0667185
FT-0698830
D78402
EC 271-090-9
Bis(7-methyloctyl)??phthalate, analytical standard
Q410393
W-104664
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,1,2-bis(7-methyloctyl)ester
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester
baylectrol 4200
bisoflex DINP
diisononyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
di-isononylphthalate
dinonylphthalate
DINP (=diisononyl phthalate)
DINP2
DINP3
ENJ 2065
FP-DINP(A)
FP-DINP(C)
isononyl alcohol, phthalate (2:1)
jayflex diisononylphthalate
jayflex diisononylphthalate-s
jayflex DINP
jayflex DINP-E
jayflex DINP-S
palatinol DINP
palatinol DN
palatinol N
phthalic acid diisonyl ester
phthalisocizer DINP
sansocizer DINP
vestinol NN
vinylcizer 90
witamol 150)
Isononyl alcohol phthalate
DINP
Palatinol DN
Palatinol N
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester
Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate
Di(C8-C10) branched alkyl phthalate
Di(isononyl) phthalate branched
VESTINOL 9
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester
baylectrol 4200
bisoflex DINP
diisononyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
di-isononylphthalate
dinonylphthalate
DINP (=diisononyl phthalate)
DINP2
DINP3
ENJ 2065
FP-DINP(A)
FP-DINP(C)
isononyl alcohol, phthalate (2:1)
jayflex diisononylphthalate
jayflex diisononylphthalate-s
jayflex DINP
jayflex DINP-E
jayflex DINP-S
palatinol DINP
palatinol DN
palatinol N
phthalic acid diisonyl ester
phthalisocizer DINP
sansocizer DINP
vestinol NN
vinylcizer 90
witamol 150
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester
baylectrol 4200
bisoflex DINP
diisononyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
di-isononylphthalate
dinonylphthalate
DINP (=diisononyl phthalate)
DINP2
DINP3
ENJ 2065
FP-DINP(A)
FP-DINP(C)
isononyl alcohol, phthalate (2:1)
jayflex diisononylphthalate
jayflex diisononylphthalate-s
jayflex DINP
jayflex DINP-E
jayflex DINP-S
palatinol DINP
palatinol DN
palatinol N
phthalic acid diisonyl ester
phthalisocizer DINP
sansocizer DINP
vestinol NN
vinylcizer 90
witamol 150)
DIISONONYL PHTHALATE
Diisononylphthalate
bis(7-methyloctyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisononyl ester
Enj 2065
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester
DINP branched
CHEBI:35459
Diisononyl phthalate, technical grade
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C8-10-branched alkyl esters, C9-rich
DSSTox_CID_2521
DSSTox_RID_78653
DSSTox_GSID_28665
Baylectrol 4200;ENJ 2065;Phthalisocizer DINP;
Diisononyl Phthalate (mixture of branched chain isomers)
di-isononyl phthalate
aromatic ester
Phthalic Acid Bis(7-methyloctyl) Ester
Bis(7-methyloctyl)phthalate
DSSTox_RID_76608
DSSTox_GSID_22521
SCHEMBL21592
BIDD:ER0440
CCRIS 7927
Di(isononyl) phthalate branched
Diisononyl Phthalate, Technical
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(7-methyloctyl) ester
Bis(7-methyloctyl) phthalate #
CHEMBL1905899
DTXSID60860420
ZINC4538442
Tox21_200745
Tox21_202296
Tox21_303462
MFCD00044119
AKOS015838981
Di(C8-C10) branched alkyl phthalate
MCULE-4536480907
Phthalic acid, bis-7-methyloctyl ester
NCGC00163810-01
NCGC00163810-02
NCGC00257365-01
NCGC00258299-01
NCGC00259845-01
Phthalic acid, bis(7-methyloctyl) ester
AS-77000
K143
di-'isononyl' phthalate, mixture of esters
FT-0624987
FT-0667184
FT-0667185
FT-0698830
D78402
Di(C8-10, C9 rich) branched alkyl phthalates
Bis(7-methyloctyl)??phthalate, analytical standard
Q410393
W-104664
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid,1,2-bis(7-methyloctyl)ester
Diisononyl Phthalate, (mixture of branched chain isomers)
Diisononyl Phthalate, >/=95%,mixture of branched chain isomers
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C8-C10-branched alkyl ester, C9-rich


DIISONONYLAMINE
Diisononylamine is a branched aliphatic amine, characterized by the presence of two isononyl groups attached to a central nitrogen atom.
Diisononylamine falls within the class of secondary amines, where the nitrogen atom is bonded to two carbon-containing groups.
Diisononylamine's chemical structure can be represented by the formula C18H39N, and its systematic IUPAC name is N,N-diisodecylnonan-1-amine.

CAS Number: 28454-70-8
EC Number: 249-029-2
Molecular Formula: C18H39N
Average mass: 269.509 Da

Synonyms: 13391445, 1-Octanamine, 7-methyl-N-(7-methyloctyl)-, 1Y1&6M6Y1&1, 249-029-2, 28454-70-8, 7-Methyl-N-(7-methyloctyl)-1-octanamin, 7-Methyl-N-(7-methyloctyl)-1-octanamine, 7-Méthyl-N-(7-méthyloctyl)-1-octanamine, Diisononylamine, 1-Isononanamine, N-isononyl-, 744156-62-5, BIS(7-METHYLOCTYL)AMINE, Isononanamine, N-isononyl-, MFCD00044112

Diisononylamine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, for intermediate use only.
Diisononylamine is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Diisononylamine is an organic chemical compound classified as an amine.
Diisononylamineconsists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two isononyl groups, which are branched chains of nine carbon atoms.

Applications of Diisononylamine:

Diisononylamine is often used in various industrial applications, such as:

Surfactants:
Diisononylamine can act as an emulsifying agent or surfactant in formulations.

Corrosion Inhibitors:
Diisononylamine can be included in products to prevent corrosion of metals.

Chemical Intermediates:
Diisononylamine serves as a building block for the synthesis of other chemical compounds.

Uses of Diisononylamine:
Diisononylamine is used in a variety of industrial applications due to its properties as an organic amine.

Here are some specific uses:

1. Surfactants:
Diisononylamine can be used as a component in the production of surfactants, which are compounds that reduce surface tension between two liquids or a liquid and a solid.

Surfactants are essential in:
Detergents
Emulsifiers
Dispersants

2. Corrosion Inhibitors:
Diisononylamine is utilized in formulations designed to prevent the corrosion of metals.

Corrosion inhibitors are used in:
Industrial water treatment
Oil and gas industry
Metalworking fluids

3. Chemical Intermediates:

Diisononylamine acts as a building block in the synthesis of other chemical compounds, including:
Agricultural chemicals
Pharmaceuticals
Specialty chemicals

4. Lubricants:

Diisononylamine can be included in lubricant formulations to enhance performance characteristics, such as:
Reducing friction
Improving wear resistance

5. Adhesives and Sealants:
Diisononylamine is sometimes used in the production of adhesives and sealants, where Diisononylamine helps improve the bonding properties and durability of the product.

6. Polymer Additives:
Diisononylamine can be used as an additive in polymers to enhance flexibility, stability, and processability.

This is particularly useful in:
Plastics manufacturing
Rubber products

7. Paints and Coatings:
In the paints and coatings industry, diisononylamine can be a component that helps improve the application properties and durability of the final product.

8. Textile Processing:
Diisononylamine is used in the textile industry for various treatments, including dyeing and finishing processes, to improve the texture and performance of fabrics.

Uses at industrial sites:
Diisononylamine has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diisononylamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diisononylamine can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Manufacture of Diisononylamine:
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of Diisononylamine.

Synthesis of Diisononylamine:
Diisononylamine is synthesized through the alkylation of ammonia with nonenes (C9 hydrocarbons) in the presence of a catalyst.
The process involves the reaction of ammonia with branched-chain nonyl groups to form the desired amine.

Handling and storage of Diisononylamine:

Precautions for safe handling of Diisononylamine:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.

Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

First-aid measures of Diisononylamine:

General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.

In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.

If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed:
no data available

Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary:
no data available

Fire-fighting measures of Diisononylamine:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Specific hazards arising from the chemical:
no data available.

Special protective actions for fire-fighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Accidental release measures of Diisononylamine:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid dust formation.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Avoid breathing dust.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Pick up and arrange disposal.
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Identifiers of Diisononylamine:
IUPAC Name: N,N-Diisodecylnonan-1-amine
Common Name: Diisononylamine
CAS Number: 13873-43-9
Structural Identifiers:
Molecular Formula: C18H39N
Molecular Weight: 269.51 g/mol
SMILES: CCC(CC)CCCCN(CC)CCCC(CC)CCC

Properties of Diisononylamine:
Density: 0.8±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 321.5±10.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 56.3±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: 129.2±9.9 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.443
Molar Refractivity: 89.0±0.3 cm3

Molecular Weight: 269.5
XLogP3-AA: 7.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 14
Exact Mass: 269.308250248
Monoisotopic Mass: 269.308250248
Topological Polar Surface Area: 12 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 19
Complexity: 145
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Boiling Point: 321.5ºC at 760mmHg
Density: 0.803g/cm3
InChI Key: KHFRJOPGKUBZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C18H39N/c1-17(2)13-9-5-7-11-15-19-16-12-8-6-10-14-18(3)4/h17-19H,5-16H2,1-4H3
Canonical SMILES: CC(C)CCCCCCNCCCCCCC(C)C

Names of Diisononylamine:

Regulatory process names:
Diisononylamine
diisononylamine

CAS names:
Isononanamine, N-isononyl-

IUPAC names:
7-Methyl-N-(7-methyloctyl)-1-octanamine
Diisononylamine
DIISOOCTYL PHTHALATE
Diisooctyl phthalate has good heat stability, plasticized capacity, resistance to freeze, electrical properties and good UV filtering properties.
Diisooctyl phthalate is not soluble in water but is soluble in oil and finds use as a solvent in glow sticks.
Diisooctyl phthalate is an organic compound and included in the class of phthalates which are used as plasticizers.

CAS Number: 117-81-7
EC Number: 204-211-0 617-060-4
Chemical Formula: C24H38O4
Molar Mass: 390.564 g·mol−1

Diisooctyl phthalate is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO2C8H17)2.
Diisooctyl phthalate is the most common member of the class of phthalates, which are used as plasticizers.

Diisooctyl phthalate is the diester of phthalic acid and the branched-chain 2-ethylhexanol.
This colorless viscous liquid is soluble in oil, but not in water.

Diisooctyl phthalate has good heat stability, plasticized capacity, resistance to freeze, electrical properties and good UV filtering properties.
Diisooctyl phthalate is used in PVC, PE, cellulose, film, artificial leather, cable, pipe material, sheet material, mold plastic and rubber.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a non-volatile solvent mainly used as a plasticizer for polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI).
Diisooctyl phthalate is a combustible non-toxic colorless oily liquid with slight odor.

Diisooctyl phthalate is an organic compound and included in the class of phthalates which are used as plasticizers.
Diisooctyl phthalate is a colorless liquid and the diester of phthalic acid.

Diisooctyl phthalate is not soluble in water but is soluble in oil and finds use as a solvent in glow sticks.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a diester of phthalic acid.
Diisooctyl phthalate is a low cost, general use plasticizer, which can be useful in hydraulic fluid applications and as a dielectric fluid in capacitors.

Diisooctyl phthalate is still widely used as a plasticizer in selected applications where volatiles are less of an issue.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also used as a hydraulic fluid and as a dielectric fluid in capacitors.

Diisooctyl phthalate was the most widely used material as a plasticizer in manufacturing of articles made of PVC.
Due to toxicity reasons, Diisooctyl phthalate usage has dropped and has been replaced by lower volatile phthalate and phthalate free products in some PVC and other applications

Diisooctyl phthalate, also known as dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate or DEHP, is a member of the class of compounds known as benzoic acid esters.
Benzoic acid esters are ester derivatives of benzoic acid.

Diisooctyl phthalate is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on Diisooctyl phthalate pKa).
Diisooctyl phthalate can be found in kohlrabi, which makes di(n-octyl) phthalate a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound.
Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors.

Animal studies have shown that they disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young, such as reduced anogenital distance (AGD), cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and reduced fertility.
The combination of effects associated with phthalates is called 'phthalate syndrome’ (A2883) (T3DB).

Diisooctyl phthalate is a clear, colourless liquid which is slightly more dense than water with a slight but characteristic odour.
Diisooctyl phthalate is miscible with most organic solvents but not soluble in water.

Diisooctyl phthalate has several advantages over some other plasticizers in that Diisooctyl phthalate is more economical.
Diisooctyl phthalate provides the desired changes to physical and mechanical properties without causing changes to the chemical structure of the polymer.
Diisooctyl phthalate jellifies quickly; in lacquer applications Diisooctyl phthalate serves to eliminate cracks, increase resistance and provide a smooth surface.

Diisooctyl phthalate is often used as a general purpose plasticizer.
Diisooctyl phthalate is highly cost effective and also widely available.
Diisooctyl phthalate broad range of characteristics such as high plasticizing efficiency, low volatility, UV-resistance, water-extracting proof, cold-resisting property, softness and electric property makes Diisooctyl phthalate suitable for making a wide range of products.

Diisooctyl phthalate is used in the production of synthetic rubber, as a softening agent to make the synthetic rubber easier to rebound and harder to undergo form change under pressure.
Diisooctyl phthalate is widely used in PVC and ethyl cellulose resins to make plastic film, imitation leather, electric wire, etc.

Diisooctyl phthalate, also known as diethylhexyl phthalate, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4 (CO2C8H17).
Diisooctyl phthalate, characterized by Diisooctyl phthalate molecular weight, high boiling point, and low vapor pressure, is one of the most widely used general emollients.

Diisooctyl phthalate is synthesized by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with an chemical alcohol such as 2-ethyl hexanol.
Diisooctyl phthalate is a softener used in the production of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics.
Diisooctyl phthalate is insoluble in water and has good stability against heat, ultraviolet light, wide compatibility, and has excellent resistance to hydrolysis.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a colorless, odorless, oily liquid that doesn't evaporate easily.
Diisooctyl phthalate is a man-made substance used to keep plastics soft or more flexible.

This type of plastic can be used for medical tubing and blood storage bags, wire and cables, carpetback coating, floor tile, and adhesives.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also used in cosmetics and pesticides.

Diisooctyl phthalate appears as a clear liquid with a mild odor.
Slightly less dense than water and insoluble in water.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.

Immediate steps should be taken to limit Diisooctyl phthalate spread to the environment.
As a liquid, can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams.

Eye contact may produce severe irritation and direct skin contact may produce mild irritation.
Diisooctyl phthalate is used in the manufacture of a variety of plastics and coating products.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a phthalate ester and a diester.

Applications of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate is a phthalate ester which is used in the manufacture of a wide range of plastics and coating products.
Diisooctyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer in PVC paste and pulp mixtures and as an additive in many other processes.

Diisooctyl phthalate can be found in many end products including PVC soles for shoes and slippers, synthetic leather, waterproof membranes, paints, varnishes, floor coverings, door mats and hoses.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also used in the calendaring process of paper finishing, to produce PVC granules, as a hydraulic or dielectric fluid in capacitors, in toxicology studies and in risk assessment studies on food contamination which occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).

Diisooctyl phthalate is a plasticizer used in the production of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic.
Diisooctyl phthalate is one of the most widely used plasticizers in PVC due to Diisooctyl phthalate low cost.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a general-purpose plasticizer and long-time industry standard known for Diisooctyl phthalate good stability to heat and ultraviolet light, and broad range of compatibility for use with PVC resins.
Diisooctyl phthalate can also be used as dielectric and hydraulic fluids.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also a solvent for many chemicals, such as in glowsticks.

Diisooctyl phthalate is a non-volatile solvent mainly used as a plasticizer for polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI).

Plasticizers for:
Cables and wires.
Building and construction for cladding and roof membranes.

PVC pipes and flooring.
Others such as hoses, shoe soles sealings industrial doors, swimming pool covers, shower curtains, roofing materials, water beds, furniture and disposable gloves.

Plastic Industry:

Plasticizers:
Diisooctyl phthalate can be used as a softening agent, such as to make Diisooctyl phthalate easier to rebound and harder to undergo form change under pressure, without affecting of the plastics.
Diisooctyl phthalate possesses Diisooctyl phthalate good plasticizing properties thanks to the ability to make the long polimers molecules to slide against one another.

Diisooctyl phthalate is extensively used in processing polyvinyl choride and ethylcellulose resins to produce plastic film, imitation leather, electric wire, cable wearer, sheet, planet, mould plastic products and used in nitrocellulose paints.
Diisooctyl phthalate has the applications in the industry of automotive, building and construction material, flooring, medical device.

Wood Coating:
Diisooctyl phthalate is used in the industrial wood coating to enhance the performance properties of the wood coatings formulations.

Medical Devices:
Diisooctyl phthalate is used a plasticiser in the manufacture of medical and sanitary products, such as blood bags and dialysis equipment.
Diisooctyl phthalate has a further and unique role in blood bags because Diisooctyl phthalate actually helps to prolong the life of the blood itself.
Diisooctyl phthalate also stabilises the membranes of red blood cells enabling blood product storage in PVC blood bags for several weeks.

Plastics may contain from 1% to 40% of Diisooctyl phthalate.

Uses of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer and dye carrier for film, wire, cables, and adhesives.
Diisooctyl phthalate is used as a plasticizer in carpet backing, packaging films, medical tubing, blood storage bags, floor tile, wire, cables, and adhesives.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also used in cosmetics and pesticides.

There are no known commercial uses for pure DnOP.
However, DnOP constitutes approximately 20% of C6-10 phthalate substance.

Diisooctyl phthalate is used in PVC utilized in the manufacture of flooring and carpet tile, canvas tarps, swimming pool liners, notebook covers, traffic cones, toys, vinyl gloves, garden hoses, weather stripping, flea collars, and shoes.
DnOP-containing phthalate substances are also used in PVC intended for food applications such as seam cements, bottle cap liners, and conveyor belts.

Diisooctyl phthalate is principally used as a plasticizer in the production of plastics and PVC resins.
When used as a plasticizer, Diisooctyl phthalate can represent 5-60% of the total weight of the plastics and resins.

Diisooctyl phthalate increases flexibility and enhances or alters the properties of Diisooctyl phthalate.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also used for cellulose ester and polystyrene resins, as a dye carrier in plastic production (primarily PVC), and as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of adhesives, plastisols, and nitrocellulose lacquer coatings.
Diisooctyl phthalate also serves as a carrier for catalysts or initiators and as a substitute for electrical capacitor fluid.

Diisooctyl phthalate is monomeric plasticizer for vinyl and cellulosic resins.

Due to Diisooctyl phthalate suitable properties and the low cost, Diisooctyl phthalate is widely used as a plasticizer in manufacturing of articles made of PVC.
Plastics may contain 1% to 40% of Diisooctyl phthalate.

Diisooctyl phthalate is also used as a hydraulic fluid and as a dielectric fluid in capacitors.
Diisooctyl phthalate also finds use as a solvent in glowsticks.

Approximately three million tonnes are produced and used annually worldwide.

Manufacturers of flexible PVC articles can choose among several alternative plasticizers offering similar technical properties as Diisooctyl phthalate.
These alternatives include other phthalates such as diisononyl phthalate (DINP), di-2-propyl heptyl phthalate (DPHP), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), and non-phthalates such as 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), and citrate esters.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Environmental exposure of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate is a component of many household items, including tablecloths, floor tiles, shower curtains, garden hoses, rainwear, dolls, toys, shoes, medical tubing, furniture upholstery, and swimming pool liners.
Diisooctyl phthalate is an indoor air pollutant in homes and schools.

Common exposures come from the use of Diisooctyl phthalate as a fragrance carrier in cosmetics, personal care products, laundry detergents, colognes, scented candles, and air fresheners.
The most common exposure to Diisooctyl phthalate comes through food with an average consumption of 0.25 milligrams per day.

Diisooctyl phthalate can also leach into a liquid that comes in contact with the plastic.
Diisooctyl phthalate extracts faster into nonpolar solvents (e.g. oils and fats in foods packed in PVC).

Fatty foods that are packaged in plastics that contain Diisooctyl phthalate are more likely to have higher concentrations such as milk products, fish or seafood, and oils.
The US FDA therefore permits use of Diisooctyl phthalate-containing packaging only for foods that primarily contain water.

Diisooctyl phthalate can leach into drinking water from discharges from rubber and chemical factories; The US EPA limits for Diisooctyl phthalate in drinking water is 6 ppb.
Diisooctyl phthalate is also commonly found in bottled water, but unlike tap water, the EPA does not regulate levels in bottled water.

Diisooctyl phthalate levels in some European samples of milk, were found at 2000 times higher than the EPA Safe Drinking Water limits (12,000 ppb).
Levels of Diisooctyl phthalate in some European cheeses and creams were even higher, up to 200,000 ppb, in 1994.

Additionally, workers in factories that utilize Diisooctyl phthalate in production experience greater exposure.
The U.S. agency OSHA's limit for occupational exposure is 5 mg/m3 of air.

Use in medical devices of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate is the most common phthalate plasticizer in medical devices such as intravenous tubing and bags, IV catheters, nasogastric tubes, dialysis bags and tubing, blood bags and transfusion tubing, and air tubes.
Diisooctyl phthalate makes these plastics softer and more flexible and was first introduced in the 1940s in blood bags.

For this reason, concern has been expressed about leachates of Diisooctyl phthalate transported into the patient, especially for those requiring extensive infusions or those who are at the highest risk of developmental abnormalities, e.g. newborns in intensive care nursery settings, hemophiliacs, kidney dialysis patients, neonates, premature babies, lactating, and pregnant women.
According to the European Commission Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER), exposure to Diisooctyl phthalate may exceed the tolerable daily intake in some specific population groups, namely people exposed through medical procedures such as kidney dialysis.

The American Academy of Pediatrics has advocated not to use medical devices that can leach Diisooctyl phthalate into patients and, instead, to resort to Diisooctyl phthalate-free alternatives.
In July 2002, the U.S. FDA issued a Public Health Notification on Diisooctyl phthalate, stating in part, "We recommend considering such alternatives when these high-risk procedures are to be performed on male neonates, pregnant women who are carrying male fetuses, and peripubertal males" noting that the alternatives were to look for non-Diisooctyl phthalate exposure solutions; they mention a database of alternatives.

The CBC documentary The Disappearing Male raised concerns about sexual development in male fetal development, miscarriage), and as a cause of dramatically lower sperm counts in men.
A review article in 2010 in the Journal of Transfusion Medicine showed a consensus that the benefits of a lifesaving treatments with these devices far outweigh the risks of Diisooctyl phthalate leaching out of these devices.

Although more research is needed to develop alternatives to Diisooctyl phthalate that gives the same benefits of being soft and flexible, which are required for most medical procedures.
If a procedure requires one of these devices and if patient is at high risk to suffer from Diisooctyl phthalate then a Diisooctyl phthalate alternative should be considered if medically safe.

Metabolism of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate hydrolyzes to mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and subsequently to phthalate salts.
The released alcohol is susceptible to oxidation to the aldehyde and carboxylic acid.

Manufacturing process of Diisooctyl phthalate:
All manufacturers of phthalate esters use the same processes.
Diisooctyl phthalate is manufactured by phthalic sterilization of anhydride with 2-ethyl-hexanol.
This reaction occurs in two successive stages. The first stage of the reaction leads to the formation of a monoester by the de-alcoholization of phthalic acid, this step is completed quickly.

The second step of the production of Diisooctyl phthalate involves converting the monoster to a diester.
This is a reversible reaction and proceeds more slowly than the first reaction.

To change the equilibrium towards the diester, the reaction water is removed by distillation.
High temperatures and catalysts accelerate the reaction rate.
Depending on the catalyst used, the temperature in the second stage varies from 140°C to 165°C with acidic catalysts and from 200°C to 250°C with amphoteric catalysts.

Purity changes may occur depending on the catalyst, the reacting alcohol, and the type of process.
Excess alcohol is recovered and the Iran Diisooctyl phthalate is purified by vacuum distillation.

The reaction sequence is performed in a closed system.
This process can be performed sequentially or in batches.

Manufacturing Methods of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate is produced commercially as a component of mixed phthalate esters, including straight- chain C6, C8, and Cl0 phthalates.
Diisooctyl phthalate is produced at atmospheric pressure or in a vacuum by heating an excess of n-octanol with phthalic anhydride in the presence of an esterification catalyst such as sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.

The process may be either continuous or discontinuous.
Diisooctyl phthalate can also be produced by the reaction of n-octylbromide with phthalic anhydride.
Diisooctyl phthalate is formed via the esterification of n-octanol with phthalic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst (sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid) or noncatalytically at high temperature.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Diisooctyl phthalate:

MeSH Pharmacological Classification:

Plasticizers:
Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticizers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment.

Identification of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Analytic Laboratory Methods:

Method: DOE OM100R
Procedure: gas chromatography with mass spectrometer ion trap detector
Analyte: Diisooctyl phthalate
Matrix: solid waste matrices, soils, and groundwater
Detection Limit: 160 ug/L.

Method: EPA-EAD 1625
Procedure: gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Analyte: Diisooctyl phthalate
Matrix: water
Detection Limit: 10 ug/L.

Method: EPA-EAD 606
Procedure: gas chromatography with electron capture detector
Analyte: Diisooctyl phthalate
Matrix: wastewater and other waters
Detection Limit: 3 ug/L.

Method: EPA-NERL 506
Procedure: gas chromatography with photoionization detection
Analyte: Diisooctyl phthalate
Matrix: drinking water
Detection Limit: 6.42 ug/L.

Production of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate is produced commercially by the reaction of excess 2-ethylhexanol with phthalic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid or para-toluenesulfonic acid.
Diisooctyl phthalate was first produced in commercial quantities in Japan circa 1933 and in the United States in 1939.

Diisooctyl phthalate has two stereocenters, located at the carbon atoms carrying the ethyl groups.
As a result, has three distinct stereoisomers, consisting of an (R,R) form, an (S,S) form (diastereomers), and a meso (R, S) form.
As most 2-ethylhexanol is produced as a racemic mixture, commercially-produced Diisooctyl phthalate is therefore almost always racemic as well, and consists of equal amounts of all three stereoisomers.

Properties of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate, is clear, colourless, viscous liquid with a slight, characteristic odor.
Soluble in ethanol, ether, mineral oil and the majority of organic solvents.
Immiscible with water, resistant to hydrolysis and air oxygen activity.

Diisooctyl phthalate high plasticizing efficiency, fusion rate, visosity, low volatility, UV-resisting property, water-extracting proof, cold-resisting property, and also good softness and electric property found a lot of applications in many offshoots of the industry.

Effects on living organisms of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Endocrine disruption:
Diisooctyl phthalate, along with other phthalates, is believed to cause endocrine disruption in males, through Diisooctyl phthalate action as an androgen antagonist, and may have lasting effects on reproductive function, for both childhood and adult exposures.
Prenatal phthalate exposure has been shown to be associated with lower levels of reproductive function in adolescent males.

In another study, airborne concentrations of Diisooctyl phthalate at a PVC pellet plant were significantly associated with a reduction in sperm motility and chromatin DNA integrity.
Additionally, the authors noted the daily intake estimates for Diisooctyl phthalate were comparable to the general population, indicating a "high percentage of men are exposed to levels of Diisooctyl phthalate that may affect sperm motility and chromatin DNA integrity".

The claims have received support by a study using dogs as a "sentinel species to approximate human exposure to a selection of chemical mixtures present in the environment".
The authors analyzed the concentration of Diisooctyl phthalate and other common chemicals such as PCBs in testes from dogs from five different world regions.
The results showed that regional differences in concentration of the chemicals are reflected in dog testes and that pathologies such as tubule atrophy and germ cells were more prevalent in testes of dogs proveining from regions with higher concentrations.

Development:
Diisooctyl phthalate exposure during pregnancy has been shown to disrupt placental growth and development in mice, resulting in higher rates of low birthweight, premature birth, and fetal loss.
In a separate study, exposure of neonatal mice to Diisooctyl phthalate through lactation caused hypertrophy of the adrenal glands and higher levels of anxiety during puberty.
In another study, pubertal administration of higher-dose Diisooctyl phthalate delayed puberty in rats, reduced testosterone production, and inhibited androgen-dependent development; low doses showed no effect.

Government and industry response of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Taiwan:
In October 2009, Consumers' Foundation, Taiwan (CFCT) published test results that found 5 out of the sampled 12 shoes contained over 0.1% of phthalate plasticizer content, including Diisooctyl phthalate, which exceeds the government's Toy Safety Standard (CNS 4797).
CFCT recommend that users should first wear socks to avoid direct skin contact.

In May 2011, the illegal use of the plasticizer Diisooctyl phthalate in clouding agents for use in food and beverages has been reported in Taiwan.
An inspection of products initially discovered the presence of plasticizers.
As more products were tested, inspectors found more manufacturers using Diisooctyl phthalate and DINP.
The Department of Health confirmed that contaminated food and beverages had been exported to other countries and regions, which reveals the widespread prevalence of toxic plasticizers.

European Union:
Concerns about chemicals ingested by children when chewing plastic toys prompted the European Commission to order a temporary ban on phthalates in 1999, the decision of which is based on an opinion by the Commission's Scientific Committee on Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE).
A proposal to make the ban permanent was tabled.

Until 2004, EU banned the use of Diisooctyl phthalate along with several other phthalates (DBP, BBP, DINP, DIDP and DNOP) in toys for young children.
In 2005, the Council and the Parliament compromised to propose a ban on three types of phthalates (DINP, DIDP, and DNOP) "in toys and childcare articles which can be placed in the mouth by children".
Therefore, more products than initially planned will thus be affected by the directive.

In 2008, six substances were considered to be of very high concern (SVHCs) and added to the Candidate List including musk xylene, MDA, HBCDD, DEHP, BBP, and DBP.
In 2011, those six substances have been listed for Authorization in Annex XIV of REACH by Regulation (EU) No 143/2011.
According to the regulation, phthalates including DEHP, BBP and DBP will be banned from February 2015.

In 2012, Danish Environment Minister Ida Auken announced the ban of DEHP, DBP, DIBP and BBP, pushing Denmark ahead of the European Union which has already started a process of phasing out phthalates.
However, Diisooctyl phthalate was postponed by two years and would take effect in 2015 and not in December 2013, which was the initial plan.
The reason is that the four phthalates are far more common than expected and that producers cannot phase out phthalates as fast as the Ministry of Environment requested.

In 2012, France became the first country in the EU to ban the use of Diisooctyl phthalate in pediatrics, neonatal, and maternity wards in hospitals.

Diisooctyl phthalate has now been classified as a Category 1B reprotoxin, and is now on the Annex XIV of the European Union's REACH legislation.
Diisooctyl phthalate has been phased out in Europe under REACH and can only be used in specific cases if an authorization has been granted.
Authorizations are granted by the European Commission, after obtaining the opinion of the Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) and the Committee for Socio-economic Analysis (SEAC) of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).

California:
Diisooctyl phthalate is classified as a "chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm" (in this case, both) under the terms of Proposition 65.

Handling and storage of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Precautions for safe handling:
Work under hood.
Do not inhale substance/mixture.
Avoid generation of vapours/aerosols.

Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.

Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 6.1C: Combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

Storage of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Diisooctyl phthalate should be stored in tightly-closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place.

Diisooctyl phthalate should be handled in accordance with good industry safety and hygiene practices.
Relevant engineering controls should be implemented.

Diisooctyl phthalate may cause skin irritation if contact is repeated or prolonged, as well as severe eye irritation.
Risks from inhalation of vapour are minimal at room temperature but may cause irritation at higher temperatures.
Personal protective equipment including approved safety glasses, impervious clothing and gloves must be worn, and respirators should be worn where deemed necessary by risk assessments for the task being carried out.

Stability and reactivity of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Reactivity:
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating.
A range from approx. 15 Kelvin below the flash point is to be rated as critical.

Chemical stability
Diisooctyl phthalate is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Conditions to avoid
Strong heating.

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First aid measures of Diisooctyl phthalate:

General advice:
Show Diisooctyl phthalate safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:

After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:

After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:

After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For Diisooctyl phthalate no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from Diisooctyl phthalate:
Carbon oxides
Combustible.

Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors.
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters:
Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus.
Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing.

Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental release measures of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Do not breathe vapors, aerosols.
Avoid substance contact.

Ensure adequate ventilation.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.

Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.

Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

Identifiers of Diisooctyl phthalate:
CAS Number: 117-81-7
ChEBI: CHEBI:17747
ChEMBL: ChEMBL402794
ChemSpider: 21106505
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.829
EC Number: 204-211-0 617-060-4
KEGG: C03690
PubChem CID: 8343
RTECS number: TI0350000
UNII: C42K0PH13C
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5020607
InChI: InChI=1S/C24H38O4/c1-5-9-13-19(7-3)17-27-23(25)21-15-11-12-16-22(21)24(26)28-18-20(8-4)14-10-6-2/h11-12,15-16,19-20H,5-10,13-14,17-18H2,1-4H3
Key: BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: O=C(OCC(CC)CCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1C(OCC(CC)CCCC)=O

Synonym(s): Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DEHP, DOP, Phthalic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl ester)
Linear Formula: C6H4-1,2-[CO2CH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3]2
CAS Number: 117-81-7
Molecular Weight: 390.56
Beilstein: 1890696
EC Number: 204-211-0
MDL number: MFCD00009493
PubChem Substance ID: 24893594
NACRES: NA.22

Properties of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Chemical formula: C24H38O4
Molar mass: 390.564 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid
Density: 0.99 g/mL (20°C)
Melting point: −50 °C (−58 °F; 223 K)
Boiling point: 385 °C (725 °F; 658 K)
Solubility in water: 0.00003% (23.8 °C)
Vapor pressure: < 0.01 mmHg (20 °C)
Refractive index (nD): 1.4870

vapor density: >16 (vs air)
Quality Level: 200
vapor pressure: 1.2 mmHg ( 93 °C)
Assay: ≥99.5%
form: oil
autoignition temp.: 734 °F
impurities: ≤0.05% water (Karl Fischer)
color: APHA: ≤10

refractive index:
n25/D 1.483-1.487
n20/D 1.486 (lit.)

bp: 384 °C (lit.)
mp: −50 °C (lit.)

density:
0.985-0.987 g/mL at 20 °C
0.985 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

suitability: suitable for acidity (<=0.003%as phthalic acid)

SMILES string: CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC
InChI: 1S/C24H38O4/c1-5-9-13-19(7-3)17-27-23(25)21-15-11-12-16-22(21)24(26)28-18-20(8-4)14-10-6-2/h11-12,15-16,19-20H,5-10,13-14,17-18H2,1-4H3
InChI key: BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 390.6 g/mol
XLogP3: 9.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 18
Exact Mass: 390.27700969 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 390.27700969 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 28
Complexity: 369
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Names of Diisooctyl phthalate:

Regulatory process names:
Di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP)
Dioctyl phthalate
Dioctyl phthalate
dioctyl phthalate

IUPAC names:
1,2-dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Di-n-octyl Phthalate
dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
dioctyl phtalate
DIOCTYL PHTHALATE
Dioctyl phthalate
dioctyl phthalate

Preferred IUPAC name:
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate

Other names:
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Di-sec octyl phthalate (archaic)
DEHP
Isooctyl phthalate, di-
DNOP

Other identifiers:
117-84-0
27214-90-0
8031-29-6

Synonyms of Diisooctyl phthalate:
Dioctyl phthalate
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
117-84-0
dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
DNOP
Vinicizer 85
Dinopol NOP
n-Octyl phthalate
Phthalic acid, dioctyl ester
Phthalic acid di-n-octyl ester
Dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Dioctyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
Bis(n-octyl) phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-dioctyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester
RCRA waste number U107
di-octyl phthalate
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove
NSC 15318
N-Dioctyl phthalate
CCRIS 6196
o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarbonic acid, dioctyl ester
HSDB 1345
AI3-15071 (USDA)
EINECS 204-214-7
8031-29-6
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech]
RCRA waste no. U107
BRN 1915994
Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-n-octyl ester
UNII-8X3RJ0527W
DTXSID1021956
CHEBI:34679
8X3RJ0527W
NSC-15318
NCGC00090781-02
DTXCID801956
Phthalic acid, bis-n-octyl ester
CAS-117-84-0
Di-n-octyl phthalate, analytical standard
Dioktylftalat
Diocyl phthalate
n-Dioctylphthalate
1, dioctyl ester
Vinycizer 85
Phthalate, Dioctyl
di-n-octylphthalate
Dioctyl o-phthalate
Phthalic acid dioctyl
Dioctyl phthalate, n-
DOP (CHRIS Code)
Dioctyl phthalate, n-;
Phtalate de dioctyle normal
Di-n-octylphthalate (DnOP)
SCHEMBL23053
BIDD:ER0319
DnOP (Di-n-octyl phthalate)
CHEMBL1409747
NSC15318
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE [HSDB]
Tox21_111020
Tox21_202233
Tox21_300549
Di-n-octyl phthalate, p.a., 99%
LS-594
MFCD00015292
STL280370
O-Benzenedicarboxylicacid Dioctylester
AKOS015889916
1,2-dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
NCGC00090781-01
NCGC00090781-03
NCGC00090781-04
NCGC00090781-05
NCGC00254360-01
NCGC00259782-01
Di-n-octyl phthalate, >=98.0% (GC)
FT-0655747
FT-0667608
P0304
EN300-40135
IS_DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE-3,4,5,6-D4
A803836
Q908490
J-003672
J-520376
F0001-0293
Z407875554
Di-n-octyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]morpholine
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphoryl]morpholin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphoryl]morpholine [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-[Bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphoryl]morpholine [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
545-82-4 [RN]
Aziridine, 1,1'-(4-morpholinylphosphinylidene)bis-
Aziridine, 1,1'-(morpholinophosphinylidene)bis-
Bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholinophosphine oxide
Dioctyl phthalate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Morpholine, 4-[bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]- [ACD/Index Name]
4-(di(aziridin-1-yl)phosphoryl)morpholine
4-[BIS(AZIRIDIN-1-YL)PHOSPHOROSO]MORPHOLINE
4-[bis(aziridin-1-yl)phosphoryl]morpholine
Aziridine, 1, 1'-(4-morpholinylphosphinylidene)bis-
Lederle 7-7344
MEPA
Morpholine, 4-(bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl)- (9CI)
Morpholine, 4-[bis (1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]-
N-(3-Oxapentamethylene)-N',N''-diethylenephosphoramide
N, N'-Diethylene-N''-(3-oxapentamethylene)phosphoramide
N,N'-Diethylene-N''-(3-oxapentamethylene)phosphoramide
ODEPA
Oxa DEPA
Phosphine oxide, bis (1-aziridinyl)morpholino-
Phosphine oxide, bis(1-aziridinyl)-4-morpholinyl-
Phosphine oxide, bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholino-
Phosphine oxide, bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholino- (8CI)
Dioctyl phthalate
DI-N-OCTYL PHTHALATE
117-84-0
dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Dinopol NOP
n-Octyl phthalate
Vinicizer 85
DNOP
Phthalic acid, dioctyl ester
Polycizer 162
Phthalic acid di-n-octyl ester
Dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Dioctyl o-benzenedicarboxylate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-dioctyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester
Bis(n-octyl) phthalate
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove
NSC 15318
UNII-8X3RJ0527W
1,2-Benzenedicarbonic acid, dioctyl ester
CHEBI:34679
8X3RJ0527W
MFCD00015292
68515-43-5
NCGC00090781-02
DSSTox_CID_1956
DSSTox_RID_76425
DSSTox_GSID_21956
8031-29-6
octyl 2-(octyloxycarbonyl)benzoate
di-octyl phthalate
CAS-117-84-0
Di-n-octyl phthalate, analytical standard
CCRIS 6196
HSDB 1345
AI3-15071 (USDA)
EINECS 204-214-7
Dioktylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech]
RCRA waste no. U107
BRN 1915994
Benzenedicarboxylic acid di-n-octyl ester
1, dioctyl ester
Vinycizer 85
di-n-octylphthalate
Dioctyl o-phthalate
Phthalic acid dioctyl
Phthalic acid, bis-n-octyl ester
0014AD
ANW-17052
Di-n-octyl phthalate, p.a., 99%
NSC-15318
SBB008723
STL280370
AKOS015889916
MCULE-5138747558
1,2-dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Di-n-octyl phthalate, >=98.0% (GC)
LS-15074
FT-0655747
FT-0667608
P0304
ST50826905
C14227
1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID DIOCTYL ESTER
Di-n-octyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
DILAUROYL PEROXIDE 40%

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a chemical compound that belongs to the family of organic peroxides.
Its chemical structure consists of two lauroyl groups (12-carbon chains) connected by a peroxide linkage (O-O).
The chemical formula for Dilauroyl peroxide is typically C24H46O4.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is commonly used as a polymerization initiator and cross-linking agent in various industrial applications. Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a source of free radicals that initiate chemical reactions, particularly in the formation of polymers and thermosetting resins.

CAS Number: 105-74-8
EC Number: 203-299-9



APPLICATIONS


Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is extensively used in the plastics industry as a polymerization initiator and cross-linking agent for polyethylene, polypropylene, and other thermoplastics.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a vital role in the production of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipes and fittings, enhancing their heat resistance and mechanical strength.
In the manufacturing of thermosetting resins, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed to create high-strength materials used in laminates and composites.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is utilized in the formulation of fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP) for applications ranging from boat hulls to aircraft components.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a key ingredient in the production of heat-resistant coatings for cookware, providing non-stick properties and durability.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the synthesis of adhesives used in the bonding of various materials, including metals, plastics, and composites.

In the construction industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the production of durable architectural coatings, ensuring long-lasting protection against weathering.
The automotive sector relies on Dilauroyl peroxide 40% for the manufacturing of impact-resistant parts, such as bumpers and interior components.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the production of electrical insulating materials, including cable sheathing and connectors for the electronics industry.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% enhances the mechanical properties of elastomers, making it valuable in the production of durable rubber products like tires and conveyor belts.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the synthesis of weather-resistant coatings for architectural cladding, roofing, and outdoor signage.
In the aerospace industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is essential for creating lightweight and high-strength composite materials for aircraft cabins and structural components.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the formulation of friction materials for automotive applications, including brake linings and clutch facings.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the production of heat-shrinkable tubing used in electrical insulation and cable protection.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the development of corrosion-resistant coatings for pipelines, tanks, and equipment in the oil and gas sector.

In the manufacturing of gaskets and seals, the chemical provides exceptional durability and chemical resistance.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a key component in the formulation of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) used in applications such as automotive seals and grommets.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to create durable, heat-resistant components for industrial machinery and equipment.
In the textile industry, it enhances the performance of synthetic fibers by improving their mechanical properties.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is essential in the production of impact-resistant helmets and protective gear for sports and industrial safety.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the development of heat-resistant and chemically inert materials for laboratory equipment, including reaction vessels.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the formulation of high-strength composite materials used in wind turbine blades for renewable energy generation.
In the marine industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to create durable, seawater-resistant components for ships and offshore structures.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the production of corrosion-resistant fasteners used in maritime and offshore applications.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a versatile compound with applications spanning multiple industries, where its ability to enhance mechanical properties, provide heat resistance, and initiate polymerization reactions is highly valued.
In the medical industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the production of medical-grade plastics and elastomers, ensuring biocompatibility and sterilizability.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the manufacturing of durable and chemically resistant laboratory equipment, such as beakers, flasks, and tubing.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the formulation of high-strength and chemically resistant components for water treatment systems and filtration equipment.

In the food packaging industry, it aids in the production of barrier coatings that protect packaged goods from moisture and oxygen.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to create durable and heat-resistant parts for the aerospace sector, including engine components and interior panels.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is crucial in the formulation of thermosetting resins used to produce composite materials for military and defense applications, such as armor.

In the automotive aftermarket, the chemical is used to manufacture customized and high-performance vehicle accessories, including body kits and spoilers.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the development of impact-resistant and heat-resistant materials for consumer electronics, including phone cases and laptop enclosures.
In the renewable energy sector, it aids in the production of durable components for solar panel mounting systems and wind turbine blades.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the formulation of abrasion-resistant coatings for industrial equipment used in mining and construction.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the production of high-strength and lightweight components for drones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% enhances the performance of sporting goods, such as tennis racket frames and golf club shafts, by improving their mechanical properties.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the formulation of high-temperature-resistant materials for industrial furnace linings and refractory products.

In the semiconductor industry, the compound is utilized to create chemically resistant and heat-resistant components for wafer processing equipment.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the development of chemically inert and high-strength components for analytical instruments used in laboratories.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the manufacturing of lightweight and durable casings for portable electronic devices like tablets and e-readers.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the production of impact-resistant and weatherproof components for outdoor recreational vehicles, including ATV fenders and fairings.

In the marine industry, it is employed to create corrosion-resistant and seawater-resistant components for ships, yachts, and offshore platforms.
The aerospace sector benefits from Dilauroyl peroxide 40% in the production of lightweight and structurally robust aircraft cabin interiors and seating components.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is utilized in the formulation of high-performance paints and coatings for industrial applications, providing corrosion protection and long-lasting finishes.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the development of heat-resistant and chemically resistant materials for chemical processing equipment and reactors.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is essential in the manufacturing of heat-resistant and durable components for aerospace propulsion systems.
In the renewable energy sector, it contributes to the production of durable components for geothermal power plants and solar thermal systems.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to create flame-resistant materials employed in the construction of protective clothing for industrial workers in high-heat environments.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is an integral component in the formulation of heat-resistant and chemically inert materials for the oil and gas industry, ensuring the integrity of critical equipment and pipelines.
In the aerospace industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to produce lightweight and high-strength composite materials for aircraft structural components like wings and fuselage sections.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the formulation of heat-resistant coatings for industrial chimneys and exhaust systems, ensuring long-lasting protection.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the production of chemically resistant and durable components for chemical reactors and processing equipment in the chemical manufacturing sector.
In the automotive sector, it is utilized to create impact-resistant and heat-resistant components for engine compartments and exhaust systems.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the development of non-stick coatings for bakeware and kitchen appliances, enhancing ease of cooking and cleaning.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is crucial in the production of chemically resistant and high-strength seals and gaskets for a wide range of applications, including automotive engines and industrial machinery.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the manufacturing of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant components for power generation equipment, such as gas turbines and boilers.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the formulation of thermosetting resins used in the production of high-performance composites for sporting goods like snowboards and surfboards.
In the building and construction industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the production of weather-resistant coatings for exterior cladding materials.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% enhances the mechanical properties of industrial belts used in conveyor systems, ensuring durability and reliability.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed to create chemically resistant and heat-resistant components for laboratory equipment, including chromatography columns and reaction vessels.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a vital role in the formulation of heat-resistant adhesives used in aerospace, automotive, and construction applications.

In the renewable energy sector, it contributes to the manufacturing of durable components for concentrated solar power (CSP) systems.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the production of high-temperature-resistant and chemically inert components for semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the development of chemically resistant and heat-resistant materials for chemical storage tanks and process piping.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the formulation of flame-resistant materials for protective clothing worn by firefighters and industrial workers.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a role in the manufacturing of chemically resistant and heat-resistant components for medical devices and equipment.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% enhances the performance of industrial fans and ventilation systems by creating durable and chemically resistant components.
In the electrical and electronics industry, it contributes to the production of high-temperature-resistant components for circuit boards and connectors.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to create chemically resistant and heat-resistant coatings for industrial mixing equipment and agitators.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the development of impact-resistant and chemically resistant parts for agricultural machinery and equipment.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is crucial in the formulation of weather-resistant coatings for outdoor signage and billboards.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the manufacturing of durable and heat-resistant components for railway and transportation systems.

In the marine industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to create corrosion-resistant and seawater-resistant components for ships and offshore structures.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the production of durable and chemically resistant components for chemical process industries, including petrochemical plants and refineries.



DESCRIPTION


Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a chemical compound that belongs to the family of organic peroxides.
Its chemical structure consists of two lauroyl groups (12-carbon chains) connected by a peroxide linkage (O-O).
The chemical formula for Dilauroyl peroxide is typically C24H46O4.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is commonly used as a polymerization initiator and cross-linking agent in various industrial applications. Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a source of free radicals that initiate chemical reactions, particularly in the formation of polymers and thermosetting resins.
The 40% designation likely indicates its concentration in a particular formulation or product, with the remaining 60% likely consisting of inert or carrier materials.


Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is an organic peroxide compound with the chemical formula C24H46O4.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% appears as a white to slightly yellowish solid, often provided in paste or granular form due to its concentration.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is primarily composed of two lauroyl groups (12-carbon chains) connected by a peroxide linkage (O-O).
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a source of free radicals, which are highly reactive species that can initiate various chemical reactions.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is widely utilized as a polymerization initiator and cross-linking agent in the production of polymers and thermosetting resins.
The "40%" designation indicates that the compound is typically provided as a 40% concentration in a carrier or solvent, with the remainder consisting of inert materials.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is known for its ability to initiate radical polymerization, which is a process where monomers combine to form long-chain polymers.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used in the manufacture of various plastic products, including pipes, coatings, and packaging materials.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the production of fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP), widely used in industries such as construction and automotive manufacturing.
In the chemical industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% plays a crucial role in the synthesis of resins, adhesives, and coatings with exceptional durability and heat resistance.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40%'s reactivity makes it an important ingredient in the development of high-strength composite materials for aerospace applications.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a key component in the production of heat-resistant plastics used in automotive parts and electrical components.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the formulation of impact-resistant plastics for applications like automotive bumpers and safety gear.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is valued for its ability to create weather-resistant coatings for architectural cladding and roofing materials.
In the electronics industry, it aids in the manufacture of insulating materials with excellent electrical properties.

Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to produce cable sheathing and connectors known for their heat and chemical resistance.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% enhances the mechanical properties of elastomers and rubber products, making it valuable in the tire and conveyor belt manufacturing industries.

In aerospace, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is crucial for developing lightweight and durable composite materials for aircraft cabins and structural components.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% contributes to the formulation of friction materials for automotive applications, such as brake linings and clutch facings.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is employed in the production of heat-shrinkable tubing used in electrical insulation.

In the oil and gas industry, Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is used to manufacture corrosion-resistant coatings for pipelines, tanks, and equipment.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% aids in the production of gaskets and seals with exceptional durability and chemical resistance.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is also utilized in the formulation of non-stick coatings for cookware, providing easy release and heat resistance.
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% is a versatile compound with applications in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction, and electronics.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C24H46O4
CAS Number: 105-74-8
EC Number: 203-299-9
Molecular Weight: Approximately 414.63 g/mol
Physical Properties:
Appearance: White to slightly yellowish solid, often provided in paste or granular form due to its concentration.
Odor: Typically odorless.
Melting Point: Typically between 35°C to 40°C (95°F to 104°F).
Boiling Point: Decomposes upon heating.
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents like acetone, toluene, and chloroform.



FIRST AID


General First Aid Precautions:

Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when providing first aid to an affected person.
In case of exposure to Dilauroyl peroxide 40%, it's essential to follow the advice of medical professionals and emergency responders.
Do not attempt to treat chemical exposures without proper training and guidance.


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person to an area with fresh air immediately.
If the individual is not breathing or is experiencing difficulty in breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if there are no immediate symptoms, as delayed lung injury may occur.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Avoid using hot water, as it may increase absorption through the skin.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions persist.


Eye Contact:

If Dilauroyl peroxide 40% comes into contact with the eyes, rinse the eyes gently but thoroughly with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, and bring the chemical's safety data sheet if possible.


Ingestion:

If the chemical is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical staff with detailed information about the ingested substance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Always wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses or goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, a lab coat or protective clothing, and a chemical-resistant apron when handling Dilauroyl peroxide 40%.
Respiratory protection may also be required in poorly ventilated areas.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area, such as a chemical fume hood or outdoors, to minimize inhalation exposure.
Ensure adequate exhaust ventilation to remove vapors from the work area.

Avoid Contamination:
Use clean and dry equipment when handling the chemical to prevent contamination.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, such as reducing agents, strong acids, and bases.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent the buildup of static electricity, which can lead to electrostatic discharges.
Use grounded equipment and containers.

Temperature Control:
Store and handle Dilauroyl peroxide 40% at temperatures below its decomposition point, typically below 40°C (104°F).
Do not expose it to high temperatures, open flames, or heat sources.

Spills and Leaks:
Have spill control measures in place, including absorbent materials and spill kits, to contain and clean up any accidental spills or leaks promptly.
Dispose of contaminated materials in accordance with local regulations.

Labeling:
Ensure that containers of Dilauroyl peroxide 40% are clearly labeled with the chemical's name, concentration, hazard warnings, and appropriate safety symbols.

Mixing and Dilution:
Do not attempt to dilute or mix Dilauroyl peroxide 40% with other substances without proper training and precautions, as it may result in hazardous reactions.


Storage:

Storage Location:
Store Dilauroyl peroxide 40% in a dedicated chemical storage area that is cool, dry, and well-ventilated.
Keep it away from incompatible materials and sources of heat and ignition.

Container Integrity:
Ensure that the container holding the chemical is in good condition, free from damage or leaks.
Check for signs of container deterioration regularly.

Separation:
Store Dilauroyl peroxide 40% away from flammable and combustible materials, reducing agents, strong acids, and bases to prevent potential chemical reactions.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures below 40°C (104°F) to prevent decomposition. Use temperature-controlled storage facilities if necessary.

Ignition Sources:
Store away from open flames, sparks, and electrical equipment that could generate heat or sparks.

Light Protection:
Protect the chemical from direct sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) radiation by storing it in opaque containers or in a dark storage area.

Accessibility:
Ensure that the chemical is stored in a location that is accessible only to authorized personnel and is secured against unauthorized access.

Emergency Equipment:
Keep suitable fire extinguishing equipment and emergency eyewash and shower facilities nearby in case of accidents.



SYNONYMS


Di(2,4-dimethyl-3-methylene-5-isobutylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate 40%
DCP (Abbreviation for Dilauroyl peroxide)
Lauroyl peroxide 40%
Dialkyl peroxydicarbonate 40%
Peroxydicarbonic acid, bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-methylene-5-isobutylcyclohexyl) ester
Peroxydicarbonic acid, bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-methylene-5-isobutylcyclohexyl) ester paste
Peroxydicarbonic acid, bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-methylene-5-isobutylcyclohexyl) ester solution
Dialkyl peroxydicarbonate paste 40%
Bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-methylene-5-isobutylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate 40%
Dicetyl peroxydicarbonate 40%
Dilauroyl peroxide 40% in inert solvent
Peroxydicarbonic acid, bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-methylene-5-isobutylcyclohexyl) ester suspension
DILAUROYLPEROXIDE 99%

Dilauroylperoxide 99%, also known as Di(4-oxooctyl) peroxide or Lauroyl peroxide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C24H46O4.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is classified as an organic peroxide and is typically available in a highly pure form, often with a concentration of 99% or greater.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is a white or slightly yellowish solid with a faint odor.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used primarily as a radical initiator in various chemical reactions, including polymerization processes.

CAS Number: 105-74-8
EC Number: 203-299-7



APPLICATIONS


Dilauroylperoxide 99% is extensively used as a radical initiator in the polymerization of vinyl monomers to create thermosetting resins and cross-linked polymers.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a critical role in the production of fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP), commonly used in the construction of boat hulls, automotive parts, and architectural components.
The automotive industry utilizes Dilauroylperoxide 99% in the manufacture of heat-resistant plastic components, such as engine parts and electrical housings.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the formulation of high-performance coatings for industrial equipment, providing corrosion resistance and durability.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is an essential component in the development of composite materials for aerospace applications, including aircraft interiors and structural parts.

In the construction sector, it aids in the creation of weather-resistant laminates and coatings for architectural cladding and roofing.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is utilized to produce impact-resistant plastics used in automotive bumpers, dashboards, and safety components.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is a key ingredient in the formulation of high-strength adhesives for bonding a wide range of materials, including metals and plastics.
The electronics industry relies on it to manufacture insulating materials with excellent electrical properties.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the production of cable sheathing and connectors known for their heat and chemical resistance.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% enhances the mechanical properties of elastomers and rubber products, making it valuable in the tire and conveyor belt manufacturing industries.
In the aerospace sector, it contributes to the development of lightweight and durable composite materials for aircraft cabins and interiors.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the creation of friction materials for automotive applications, such as brake linings and clutch facings.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% helps improve the heat resistance and structural integrity of heat-shrinkable tubing used in electrical insulation.

In the oil and gas industry, Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used to manufacture corrosion-resistant coatings for pipelines, tanks, and equipment.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a role in the production of durable gaskets and seals for various industrial and automotive applications.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the formulation of non-stick coatings for cookware, providing easy release and heat resistance.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the creation of heat-resistant and weatherproof coatings for architectural structures and facades.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is an important component in the development of polymer composites used in marine vessels and offshore platforms.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the manufacture of heat-resistant and chemically inert laboratory equipment and containers.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the production of high-strength adhesives used in the construction and automotive repair industries.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is utilized in the formulation of fire-resistant materials used in the construction of fire doors and safety barriers.
In the consumer goods industry, it contributes to the production of durable and impact-resistant plastic containers and packaging.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the creation of insulating materials for electrical transformers and high-voltage equipment.
Dilauroylperoxide 99%'s versatility as a radical initiator makes it a crucial component in the development of high-performance materials across various industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction, and electronics.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the production of impact-resistant, high-performance plastics for consumer goods, including phone cases, sporting equipment, and protective gear.
In the medical industry, Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the creation of lightweight and durable components for medical devices, such as prosthetic limbs and surgical instruments.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the formulation of thermosetting resins for the casting of intricate molds and prototypes.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is a key component in the manufacturing of composite materials for the construction of lightweight and durable satellite components.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the production of automotive aftermarket products, including custom body kits and exterior accessories.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is essential in the creation of heat-resistant coatings for industrial ovens, furnaces, and processing equipment.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the development of impact-resistant and weatherproof casings for outdoor electronics and instrumentation.
In the aerospace sector, it plays a role in the production of lightweight and high-strength panels and fairings for aircraft and spacecraft.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is utilized in the formulation of sealants and adhesives used in the construction of energy-efficient windows and doors.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the creation of high-strength, corrosion-resistant fasteners used in maritime and offshore applications.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the manufacturing of high-performance bicycle components, such as frames and wheel rims.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the production of impact-resistant and lightweight helmets for sports, motorcycling, and industrial safety.

It is employed in the development of heat-resistant and chemically inert materials for laboratory glassware and apparatus.
The textile industry utilizes Dilauroylperoxide 99% in the production of durable and colorfast fabrics and textiles.
In the aviation sector, it is used to manufacture lightweight and impact-resistant cabin interior components, enhancing passenger safety.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the formulation of high-performance, non-slip coatings for industrial flooring and walkways.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is essential in the creation of lightweight and durable aerospace components, such as satellite communication dishes.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a role in the production of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant components for marine engines and propulsion systems.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the formulation of abrasion-resistant coatings for conveyor belts used in mining and material handling.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the development of composite materials for renewable energy applications, such as wind turbine blades.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the manufacturing of impact-resistant and durable protective gear for extreme sports and outdoor activities.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is utilized in the creation of heat-resistant and chemically resistant coatings for laboratory fume hoods and cabinets.
In the automotive racing industry, Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used to produce lightweight and high-strength components for race cars and vehicles.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a role in the development of durable and heat-resistant components for industrial machinery and equipment.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is essential in the formulation of flame-resistant materials used in the construction of fire-resistant clothing and safety gear for firefighters and industrial workers.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is instrumental in the production of high-strength, impact-resistant components for the aerospace industry, including aircraft structural parts and interior panels.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the formulation of thermosetting resins used in the manufacture of composite materials for renewable energy infrastructure, such as solar panels and wind turbine blades.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the creation of lightweight and durable components for the automotive industry, including engine covers and transmission components.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the formulation of heat-resistant and chemically inert materials for laboratory equipment, such as reaction vessels and distillation columns.
In the marine industry, Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the production of corrosion-resistant and seawater-resistant components for ships and offshore platforms.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a role in the formulation of high-performance paints and coatings for industrial applications, providing corrosion protection and long-lasting finishes.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the creation of impact-resistant and heat-resistant components for the defense and military sectors.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is utilized in the manufacturing of lightweight and durable casings for consumer electronics, ensuring product longevity and protection.
The aerospace sector benefits from Dilauroylperoxide in the production of lightweight and structurally robust aircraft cabin interiors and seating components.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the formulation of high-strength, non-conductive materials for the electronics industry, including insulating components for circuit boards.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is essential in the creation of heat-resistant coatings for industrial chimneys, stacks, and exhaust systems.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the production of high-performance ski and snowboard equipment, including bindings and protective gear.

In the renewable energy sector, the chemical is used to manufacture durable components for solar panel mounting systems and photovoltaic installations.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a role in the formulation of impact-resistant and weatherproof components for outdoor recreational vehicles, such as ATV fenders and fairings.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the creation of high-strength and lightweight parts for drones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the development of heat-resistant and chemically resistant materials for chemical processing equipment and reactors.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the formulation of durable and high-temperature-resistant gaskets and seals for industrial machinery.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the production of abrasion-resistant coatings for conveyor systems and bulk material handling equipment.
The automotive aftermarket industry relies on the chemical to manufacture customized and high-performance vehicle accessories.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a role in the development of impact-resistant and heat-resistant components for industrial fans and blowers.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is utilized in the creation of lightweight and strong components for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) used in marine exploration and research.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the production of non-slip and wear-resistant flooring materials for sports arenas and gymnasiums.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% aids in the formulation of chemically resistant and high-strength components for the chemical and petrochemical industries.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is essential in the manufacturing of heat-resistant and durable components for aerospace propulsion systems.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the development of flame-resistant materials used in the construction of protective clothing for industrial workers in high-heat environments.



DESCRIPTION


Dilauroylperoxide 99%, also known as Di(4-oxooctyl) peroxide or Lauroyl peroxide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C24H46O4.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is classified as an organic peroxide and is typically available in a highly pure form, often with a concentration of 99% or greater.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is a white or slightly yellowish solid with a faint odor.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used primarily as a radical initiator in various chemical reactions, including polymerization processes.
As a peroxide, Dilauroylperoxide 99% can decompose to generate free radicals, which initiate the polymerization of certain monomers, leading to the formation of polymers and plastics.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is a chemical compound known for its use as a radical initiator in various polymerization processes.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is a white or slightly yellowish solid with a faint odor.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is also referred to as Di(4-oxooctyl) peroxide or Lauroyl peroxide due to its chemical structure.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% has a molecular formula of C24H46O4 and a molecular weight of approximately 414.62 grams per mole.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is classified as an organic peroxide, containing two peroxide (O-O) functional groups in its structure.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% compound is highly pure, often available with a concentration of 99% or greater.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is commonly used in the production of thermosetting resins and cross-linked polymers.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% is known for its ability to decompose at elevated temperatures, releasing free radicals that initiate polymerization reactions.
The initiation of polymerization by Dilauroylperoxide leads to the formation of strong and durable plastic materials.
Due to its radical-initiating properties, it is utilized in the synthesis of various plastic products and coatings.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% plays a crucial role in the manufacturing of fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP) used in boat hulls, automotive parts, and construction materials.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is an essential component in the production of heat-resistant plastics for applications in automotive and industrial sectors.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is known for its versatility in initiating polymerization reactions, allowing for the creation of a wide range of plastic materials.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the formulation of specialty resins, coatings, and adhesives with enhanced heat and chemical resistance.

Dilauroylperoxide 99% contributes to the production of composite materials used in aerospace components and structural parts.
In the construction industry, it aids in the development of weather-resistant coatings and laminates.

Dilauroylperoxide 99%'s radical-initiating properties are utilized in the creation of impact-resistant plastics for automotive components.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% helps improve the mechanical properties and durability of elastomers and rubber products.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is an important ingredient in the formulation of high-performance adhesives used in bonding various materials.

In the electronics industry, Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used to produce insulating materials and cable sheathing with superior properties.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is employed in the creation of corrosion-resistant coatings for industrial equipment and pipelines.
Dilauroylperoxide 99% is used in the development of friction materials for automotive applications, such as brake pads.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C24H46O4
Molecular Weight: Approximately 414.62 grams per mole
Physical Form: White to slightly yellowish solid
Odor: Faint odor
Melting Point: Approximately 52-54°C (125-129°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes at elevated temperatures
Solubility:
Insoluble in water
Soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, toluene, and dichloromethane
Density: Approximately 0.89 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³)
Flash Point: Not applicable (as it decomposes instead of vaporizing)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable (as it decomposes before ignition)
Decomposition Temperature: Approximately 50-60°C (122-140°F)
Vapor Pressure: Extremely low at room temperature
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.448
Specific Gravity: Approximately 0.89
Critical Temperature: Not applicable
Critical Pressure: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid at room temperature)
Flammability: Dilauroylperoxide is considered flammable and should be stored away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person to an area with fresh air immediately.
If the individual is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the medical personnel with information about the chemical involved.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or other adverse skin reactions occur.


Eye Contact:

If Dilauroylperoxide comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Ensure that eyelids are held open during rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if there are no immediate symptoms, as delayed eye irritation may occur.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water if the person is conscious and able to swallow.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the ingested chemical.


Notes for First Aid:

Ensure that first aid responders are aware of the chemical's properties and hazards.
Never attempt to neutralize Dilauroylperoxide with chemical agents unless specifically instructed by a healthcare professional.
Do not administer any medications or remedies unless directed by medical personnel.
Be prepared to provide information about the chemical composition and concentration to medical professionals.
If there are any unusual or severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing or loss of consciousness, seek emergency medical assistance immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Protective Equipment:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety glasses or goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, a lab coat or protective clothing, and a chemical-resistant apron.

Ventilation:
Ensure good ventilation in the working area to prevent the accumulation of vapors.
Use local exhaust ventilation or a fume hood if necessary.

Avoid Open Flames:
Keep Dilauroylperoxide away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources, as it is flammable and can undergo thermal decomposition.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent the buildup of static electricity.
Ground containers and equipment when transferring or handling the chemical.

Separate from Incompatible Substances:
Store and handle Dilauroylperoxide separately from incompatible materials, such as reducing agents, strong acids, and bases.

Avoid Contamination:
Do not allow contact with incompatible materials or substances that can initiate its decomposition.
Prevent contamination of the chemical.

Spills and Leaks:
In case of spills or leaks, take immediate action to contain and clean them up using appropriate absorbent materials.
Avoid contact with the spilled material.

Labeling:
Ensure that containers are properly labeled with the chemical name, hazard symbols, and safety information.

Transportation:
When transporting Dilauroylperoxide, follow regulations for hazardous materials transportation, including proper packaging, labeling, and documentation.


Storage:

Storage Area:
Store Dilauroylperoxide in a cool, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain consistent temperature control.

Temperature:
Store at temperatures below the decomposition temperature, which is typically between 50-60°C (122-140°F).

Containers:
Use containers made of compatible materials, such as glass, plastic, or metal.
Ensure they are tightly sealed to prevent exposure to air.

Incompatibles:
Store away from incompatible materials, including reducing agents, strong acids, strong bases, and flammable substances.

Separation:
Keep Dilauroylperoxide separated from other chemicals and materials to prevent accidental reactions.

Fire Prevention:
Store in a fire-resistant cabinet or area away from flammable materials and ignition sources.

Storage Quantity:
Limit the quantity of Dilauroylperoxide stored to the minimum required for your operations to minimize risks.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage containers with the chemical name, hazard information, and storage instructions.



SYNONYMS


Lauroyl peroxide
Di(4-oxooctyl) peroxide
Bis(4-oxooctyl) peroxide
Peroxidicarbonic acid, lauryl ester
Dodecanoyl peroxide
Peroxide D-40
Peroxide D
DL-40
DL-40K
NSC 8261
1,1-Dilauroyl peroxide
1,1-Dilauroylperoxide
Peroxydicarboperoxoic acid, lauryl ester
Dodecanoyl peroxide
Lauroyl peroxide 50%
Lauroyl peroxide paste
Di-n-dodecanoyl peroxide
Dodecanoyl peroxydicarbonate
Lauroyl peroxide solid
Di(4-oxooctyl) peroxide
Peroxydicarbonic acid, 1,1-dilauryl ester
Di(n-dodecyl) peroxydicarbonate
Lauroyl peroxide 99%
1,1-Dilauroyl peroxydicarbonate
Lauroyl peroxide 70%


DILAURYL CITRATE
DILINOLEIC ACID, N° CAS : 6144-28-1 / 26085-09-6, Nom INCI : DILINOLEIC ACID, Ses fonctions (INCI): Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
DILINOLEIC ACID
Hydrogenated Dimer Acids; DIMER ACID, HYDROGENATED; Hydrogenated Distilled Dimer Acid; Hydrogenated Double-Distilled Dimer Acid; Dimer acid, hydrogenated average Mn ~570; Fattyacids,C18-unsatd.,dimers,hydrogenated; Fettsuren, C18-ungesttigt, dimerisiert, hydriert;FATTYACIDSUNSATURATEDC18DIMERSHYDROGENATEDDISTILLED;FATTYACIDSUNSATURATEDC18DIMERSHYDROGENATEDNON-DISTILLED CAS NO:68783-41-5
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR
Dimacit TMTD-PDR appears as a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is an ectoparasiticide.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a colorless to yellow, crystalline solid.


CAS Number: 137-26-8
EC Number: 205-286-2
MDL Number: MFCD00008325
Chemical Name : Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4


Dimacit TMTD-PDR appears as a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR contains a dimethyldithiocarbamate.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is functionally related to a dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is the simplest thiuram disulfide and the oxidized dimer of dimethyldithiocarbamate.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is nearly immobile in clay soils or in soils of high organic matter.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is colorless to yellow, crystalline solid with a characteristic odor.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR should be stored in the dry and cooling place with good ventilation, avoiding exposure of the packaged product to direct sunlight.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is designed for the rubber industry.
Two grades are available: pdr; pdr-d.


All grades are white to off white.
Dimacit TMTD offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is non-staining and non-discoloring.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is excellent colors are obtained in non-black vulcanizates.


It should be noted that in the application of Dimacit TMTD N-nitrosodimethylamine can be formed by the reaction of dimethylamine, a decomposition product, with nitrosating agents (nitrogen oxides).
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is an organic sulfur compound cas code 137-26-8, is a grayish-white powder, insoluble in water.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a rubber chemieal, an accelerator of vulcanization.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a colorless to yellow, crystalline solid.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR has characteristic odor.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is white to almost white powder
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is colorless to white to cream-colored crystals.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR may darken on exposure to air or light.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is white or light gray powder (granular).
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 , partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 , insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration.


Meeting hot water becomes to dimethyl ammonium and CS 2.
Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanization.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a white powder, with no smell.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR's density is between 1.40-1.45 g/cm³.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform; slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in water.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is white, light gray powder or granular.
The density of Dimacit TMTD-PDR is 1.29.
Meeting hot water becomes to dimethylamine ammonium and CS2.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR has characteristic odor.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products.
Release to the environment of Dimacit TMTD-PDR can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used for the manufacture of: rubber products.
Release to the environment of Dimacit TMTD-PDR can occur from industrial use: as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Dimacit TMTD-PDR can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR (CAS: 137-26-8), also known as tetramethylthiuram disulfide or TMDT, is used primarily as a fungicide, disinfectant and bacteriostatic agent in food processing, but is also used in some finished products.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is widely used in rubber processing as an ultra accelerator for low-temperature cures, either alone or as an activator for other accelerators, chiefly the thiazoles.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR may be used in dermatology as a scabicide.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is mainly used as a fungicide for plants and treatment for seeds.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR has a role as an antibacterial drug, an antiseptic drug and an antifungal agrochemical.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as a fungicide, ectoparasiticide to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops and similarly as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents and deer.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is effective against Stem gall of coriander, damping off, smut of millet, neck rot of onion, etc.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is also used as a sulfur source and secondary accelerator the sulfur vulcanization of rubbers.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR was traditionally used in apple and wine farming.
Since 2010 most thiram is applied to soybeans.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a valuable secondary accelerator.


In mercaptan modified polychloroprene cured with ETU, Dimacit TMTD-PDR acts as a scorch retarder without affecting the cure speed.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used a primary or secondary (ultra) accelerator in multiple blend
accelerator systems with thiazoles and sulfenamides.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is also used as a vulcanizing agent in most of thesulfur cured elastomers.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is scorchy and gives fast cure rates.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR produces an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.


Excellent color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanization.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR may be used as a retarder in the vulcanization of polychloroprene rubber with ETU.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used rubber Auxiliary Agents.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers. Scorchy and gives fast cure rates.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR produces an excellent vulcanisation plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.
Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanisation.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR may be used as a retarder in the vulcanisation of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is recommended for use in soft compounds due to dispersability.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in seed treatments alone or in combination with added insecticides or fungicides to control damping off diseases such as Pythium spp, and other diseases like Fusarium spp of maize, cotton, cereals, legumes, vegetables and ornamentals.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used seed disinfectant


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used antianginal
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is an ectoparasiticide.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as fungicide; bacteriostat; pesticide; rubber vulcanization accelerator; scabicide; seed disinfectant; animal repellent; insecticide; lube-oil additive; wood preservative; in antiseptic sprays; in the blending of lubrieant oils; used against Botrytis, rusts and downy mildews; seed dressing against "damping off' and verticillium wilt; ethanol antagonist and deterrent in mixtures of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl derivatives; antioxidant in polyolefin plastics; peptizing agent in polysulphide elastomers; in soaps and rodent repellents; nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used Rubber accelerator; vulcanizer; seed disinfectant; fungicide; bacteriostat in soap; animal repellent.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat, pesticide, rubber vulcanization accelerator, scabicide, seed disinfectant, animal repellent, insecticide, lube oil additive and wood preservative.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in antiseptic sprays and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used against Botrytis, rusts and downy mildews and as a seed dressing against “”damping off”” and verticillium wilt.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is also used as an ethanol antagonist and deterrent in mixtures of the methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl derivatives.


Other uses of Dimacit TMTD-PDR include an antioxidant in polyolefin plastics and a peptizing agent in polysulphide elastomers.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in soaps and rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used rubber accelerator and vulcanizer.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR belongs to protective fungicides of broad spectrum, with a residual effect period of up to 7d or so.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is mainly used for dealing with seeds and soil and preventing powdery mildew, smut and rice seedlings damping-off of cereal crops.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a protective fungicide applied to foliage to control Botrytis spp on grapes, soft fruit, lettuce, vegetables and ornamentals.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR can also be used for some fruit trees and vegetable diseases.
For example, dressing seed with 500g of 50% wettable powder can control rice blast, rice leaf spot, barley and wheat smut.
As pesticide, Dimacit TMTD-PDR is often referred to as thiram and is mainly used for the treatment of seeds and soil and the prevention and controlling of cereal powdery mildew, smut and vegetable diseases.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR, as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, is often referred to as accelerator TMTD and is the representative of thiuram vulcanization accelerator, accounting for 85% of the total amount of similar products.
Accelerator T is also the super accelerator of natural rubber, diene synthetic rubber, Ⅱ, R and EPDM, with the highest utilization rate of all.


The vulcanization promoting force of accelerator T is very strong, but, without the presence of zinc oxide, it is not vulcanized at all.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used for the manufacture of cables, wires, tires and other rubber products.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used for the pest control of rice, wheat, tobacco, sugar beet, grapes and other crops, as well as for the seed dressing and soil treatment.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is suitable for the manufacture of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, and can also be used as curing agent.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is the second accelerator of thiazole accelerators, which can be used with other accelerators as the continuous vulcanization accelerator.
In rubber industry, Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as the super-vulcanization accelerator, and aften used with thiazole accelerator.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR also controls rust on ornamentals, scab and storage diseases on apple and pear and leaf curl and Monilia on stone fruit.


Its products have excellent resistance to aging and heat, so Dimacit TMTD-PDR is applicable to natural rubber, synthetic rubber and is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, tubes, shoes, cables and other industrial products.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as the late effect promoter of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polyisoprene rubber.


In agriculture, Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as fungicide and insecticide, and it can also be used as lubricant additives.
Production methods from dimethylamine, carbon disulfide, ammonia condensation reaction was dimethyl dithiocarbamate, and then by the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to the finished product.


Dimacit TMTD-PDRis used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products.
Release to the environment of Dimacit TMTD-PDR can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.


Release to the environment of Dimacit TMTD-PDR can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is Scorch and gives fast cure rates.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR produces an excellent vulcanization
plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR may be used as a retarder in the vulcanization of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR can reduce the growth performance of chickens through decreasing liver index, whereas increasing kidney, cardiac, and spleen index, and induces tibial dyschondrolplasia (TD) by changing the expressions of VEGF, HIF-1α and WNT4.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is widely used in rubber processing as an ultra accelerator for low-temperature cures and in agriculture as an important pesticide.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as an accelerator of rubber, or used as bactericide and insecticide .
Applications of Dimacit TMTD-PDR: Rubber modification.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR can also be used in combination with other accelerators as the continuous rubber accelerator.


For slowly decomposing out of free sulfur at more than 100 ℃, Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as curing agent too.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is widely used in rubber processing as an ultra accelerator for low-temperature cures, either alone or as an activator for other accelerators, chiefly the thiazoles.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.
Scorchy and gives fast cure rates.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.


Dimacit TMTD-PDR produces an excellent vulcanisation plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanisation.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR may be used as a retarder in the vulcanisation of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide.


-Agricultural Uses:
*Fungicide, Rodenticide:
is used as a fungicide to prevent crop damage in the field and to prevent crops from deterioration in storage or transport.
Dimacit TMTD-PDRis also used as a seed, nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant from a variety of fungal diseases.

In addition, Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents, and deer.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen, and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.

Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer and as a bacteriostat for edible oils and fats.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is also used as a rodent repellent, wood preservative, and may be used in the blending of lubricant oils. Registered for use in EU countries.


-Applications of Dimacit TMTD-PDR:
*Rubber modification
*Product Description


-Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be used:
*Without sulphur (2 -4% on the weight of the gum),
*With sulphur in conjunction with zinc oxide and fatty acid as activators (0.1 - 1% TMTD on the weight of the gum),
In conjunction with accelerators such as mercaptobenzothiazole (0.25 – 0.5 TMTD on the weight of the gum).



AIR AND WATER REACTIONS OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is insoluble in water.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR decomposes in acidic media to give toxic products.
ecomposes to an extent on prolonged exposure to heat, air or moisture.



PROPERTIES OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is white, light gray powder or granular.
The density of Dimacit TMTD-PDR is 1.29.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is pure colorless crystal; no smell; m.p.155~156°C; relative density 1.29; easily soluble in benzene, chloroform (230g/L), acetone (80g/L), carbon disulfide and other organic solvents; slightly soluble in ether and ethanol (<10g/L); insoluble in water (30mg/L); decomposing under acid condition; industrial products are white or light yellow powder, with a m.p. of more than 146℃.



PRODUCTION METHOD OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
The preparation of sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate(SDD): the reaction of dimethylamine hydrochloride and carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide can generate sodium dimethylamino dithiocarbamate .
The reaction temperature is 50~55℃ and the pH value is 8~9.

The preparation of thiram: the reaction of SDD (or Diram) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid can produce thiram.
The reaction temperature is controlled at 10 ℃ below and the end pH value is 3 to 4.
Chlorine can also be used instead of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.

The reaction is performed in the sieve tray tower, from the bottom of which the diluted chlorine is introduced and from the top of which 5% sodium solution is sprayed, which is called chlorine-air oxidation method.
There are also other methods, such as sodium nitrite oxidation or electrolytic oxidation.



WHAT IS DIMACIT TMTD-PDR AND WHERE IS DIMACIT TMTD-PDR FOUND?
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat and pesticide.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is also used in the processing of rubber and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR can be found in products such as seed disinfectants, antiseptic sprays, animal repellents, insecticides, wood preservatives, some soaps, rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of Dimacit TMTD-PDR.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is a type of sulfur fungicide.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR has been found to dissolve completely in chloroform, acetone, and ether.
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is available as dust, flowable, wettable powder, water-dispersible granules, and water suspension formulations and in mixtures with other fungicides.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Dimacit TMTD-PDR is incompatible with oxidizing materials and strong acids.
Also incompatible with strong alkalis and nitrating agents .



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
CAS #: 137-26-8
APPEARANCE: Fine White Powder
Appearance: White to off white powder
Bulk Density: +/-0.40
Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4
Molecular Weight: 240.4
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C6H12N2S4 = 240.42
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
CAS RN: 137-26-8
Reaxys Registry Number: 1725821
PubChem Substance ID: 125308534
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 4777
Merck Index (14): 9371
MDL Number: MFCD00008325
Chemical formula: C6H12N2S4
Molar mass: 240.42 g·mol−1
Appearance: White to yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Characteristic[vague]
Density: 1.29 g/cm3

Melting point: 155 to 156 °C (311 to 313 °F; 428 to 429 K)
Boiling point decomposes
Solubility in water 30 mg/L
Vapor pressure 0.000008 mmHg (20 °C)
Molecular Weight: 240.4 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 1.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 239.98833309 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 239.98833309 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 121Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 158
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Appearance :Powder
Physical State :Solid
Solubility :Soluble in CHCl3: 50 mg/ml
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :156-158° C (lit.)
Density :1.43 g/cm3 at 20° C
Refractive Index :n20D 1.68 (Predicted)
pK Values :pKb: 0.87 (Predicted)
Appearance : powder
Color : white, light brown
Odor : odourless
Odor Threshold : not determined
pH : 6.75 (20 °C)
Concentration: 4 %
Melting point/range : 144 - 146 °C
Boiling point/boiling range : 165 °C
Flash point : Not applicable
Evaporation rate : not determined
Flammability (solid, gas) : not auto-flammable
Self-ignition : 400 °C

Upper explosion limit / Upper flammability limit: not determined
Lower explosion limit / Lower flammability limit: not determined
Vapor pressure : 0.00002 Pa (25 °C)
Relative vapor density : not determined
Relative density : No data available
Density : 1.36 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Solubility(ies)
Water solubility : 0.018 g/l (20 °C)
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water: log Pow: 1.84
Autoignition temperature : not determined
Decomposition temperature : 165 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, dynamic : not determined
Viscosity, kinematic : Not applicable
Explosive properties : No data available
Oxidizing properties : Not classified
Surface tension : 71.5 mN/m, 20 °C

Physical state: powder
Color: beige
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 156 - 158 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 150,00 °C - open cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 6,75 at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 0,017 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 2,1
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density 1,36 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not explosive
Oxidizing properties: none

Other safety information:
Solubility in other solvents:
Acetone 69,7 g/l at 25 °C
Benzene 41,2 g/l at 25 °C
Surface tension 70 mN/m at 21,5 °C
Dissociation constant 8,19 at 25 °C
Molecular form: C6H12N2S4
Appearance: White to Off-White Solid
Mol. Weight: 240.43
Storage: 2-8°C Refrigerator
Shipping Conditions: Ambient
Applications: NA
Appearance: white crystalline solid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 155.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 307.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 1.720000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 283.00 °F. TCC ( 139.70 °C. ) (est)

logP (o/w): 1.730
Soluble in: water, 30 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Molecular Weight: 240.43
Exact Mass: 240.43
BRN: 1725821
EC Number: 205-286-2
HScode: 29303000
Characteristics PSA: 121
XLogP3: 1.7
Density: 1.29 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point: 155-156 °C
Boiling Point: 129 °C @ Press: 20 Torr
Flash Point: 89°C
Refractive Index: 1.677
Water Solubility: H2O: 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)
Storage Conditions: 0-6°C
Vapor Pressure: 0.000008 mmHg



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Face shield and safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
-Advice on safe handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling.
-Conditions for safe storage:
Keep tightly closed.
Keep in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place.
Use only explosion-proof equipment.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Bis (dimethyldithiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram
Thiuram
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
thiram
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
137-26-8
Thiuram
Rezifilm
TMTD
Pomarsol
Thirame
Arasan
Fernasan
Nobecutan
Thioscabin
Thirasan
Aapirol
Tersan
Tetrathiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram
Falitiram
Formalsol
Hexathir
Kregasan
Mercuram
Normersan
Sadoplon
Spotrete
Tetrasipton
Thillate
Thiramad
Aatiram
Atiram
Fermide
Fernide
Hermal
Pomasol
Puralin
Thiosan
Thiotox
Thiulin
Thiulix
Heryl
Pomarsol forte
Methyl tuads
Accelerator T
Methyl Thiram
Fernasan A
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Nocceler TT
Arasan-M
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram B
Arasan-SF
Cyuram DS
Ekagom TB
Hermat TMT
Tetramethylenethiuram disulfide
Accel TMT
Accelerator thiuram
Aceto TETD
Radothiram
Royal TMTD
Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid
Fernacol
Sadoplon 75
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Tetrapom
Thioknock
Thirampa
Thiramum
Anles
Arasan-SF-X
Aules
Thimer
Panoram 75
Tetramethylthiouram disulfide
Tetramethylthiurane disulfide
Arasan 70
Arasan 75
Tersan 75
Thiram 75
Thiram 80
Spotrete-F
TMTDS
Arasan 70-S Red
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Methylthiuram disulfide
N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Metiurac
Micropearls
Nomersan
Thianosan
Cunitex
Delsan
Metiur
Thimar
Teramethylthiuram disulfide
Tersantetramethyldiurane sulfide
Pol-Thiuram
Arasan 42-S
Tetramethylthiurum disulfide
Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame
Tetrathiuram disulphide
Sranan-sf-X
Hy-Vic
SQ 1489
Chipco thiram 75
Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid
Orac TMTD
Tetramethylthioramdisulfide
Tetramethyldiurane sulphite
Thiotox (fungicide)
Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide
Fermide 850
Tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide
Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide
Thiuramyl
Thylate
Attack
Methyl thiuramdisulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide
Bis(dimethyl thiocarbamoyl)disulfide
Thiuram D
Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame
Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide
Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide
N,N'-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine)
RCRA waste number U244
Flo Pro T Seed Protectant
Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide
Tetramethylthiuran disulphide
Tetramethylthiurum disulphide
NSC-1771
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Caswell No. 856
alpha,alpha'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
Granuflo
Thiotex
Thiurad
Thiuramin
Tirampa
Tiuramyl
Trametan
Tridipam
Tripomol
Tyradin
Tuads
Tutan
Vulkacit mtic
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
C6H12N2S4
N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Vulkacit thiuram
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl-
Thiuram M
Vulkacit TH
Vulcafor TMT
Vulcafor TMTD
Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulphide
FMC 2070
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulphide
Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-
dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
Zaprawa Nasienna T
[Me2NC(S)S]2
Vancida tm-95
Disulfuro di tetrametiltiourame
Arasan 42S
Thiram [ISO]
Attack [Antifungal]
TUEX
CCRIS 1282
HSDB 863
ENT 987
NSC1771
Thiram [USAN:INN]
NSC 1771
VUAgT-I-4
EINECS 205-286-2
NSC 49512
NSC 59637
NSC-49512
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), tetramethyl-
RCRA waste no. U244
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079801
NSC 622696
NSC-622696
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
BRN 1725821
rhenogran
Thiuram M rubber accelerator
UNII-0D771IS0FH
AI3-00987
MLS000069752
MLS002702972
0D771IS0FH
CHEBI:9495
Thiuram disulfide, tetramethyl-
Thiuram-M
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), tetramethyl-
NSC49512
CCG-35460
NSC-59637
NSC622696
TNTD
SQ-1489
NCGC00091563-01
SMR000059023
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ((H2N)C(S))2S2, tetramethyl-
[dithiobis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
EC 205-286-2
.alpha.,.alpha.'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
4-04-00-00242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID401332
69193-86-8
N,N-dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)disulfanyl]carbothioamide
N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
TMT Disulfide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
CAS-137-26-8
Formamide,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-
Bis[(dimethylamino)carbonothioyl] disulfide
NSC59637
WLN: 1N1 & YUS & SSYUS & N1 & 1
tiramo
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide [(H2N)C(S)]2S2, tetramethyl-
Basultra
Betoxin
Tiradin
Tiram
Accelerant T
Ziram metabolite
Arasan m
Vulkazam S
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
Vanguard GF
Vancide TM
Akrochem TMTD
Perkacit TMTD
Vulkacit DTMT
Robac TMT
Thiram (Tmtd)
Rezifilm (TN)
Arasan 50 red
Spotrete WP 75
MFCD00008325
Vancide TM-95
Naftocit thiuram 16
Thiram [BSI:ISO]
Spectrum_001687
Thiram (USAN/INN)
Agrichem flowable thiram
THR (CHRIS Code)
THIRAM [HSDB]
THIRAM [IARC]
THIRAM [INCI]
THIRAM [USAN]
THIRAM [INN]
Spectrum2_001554
Spectrum3_001592
Spectrum4_000860
Spectrum5_001653
THIRAM [WHO-DD]
THIRAM [MI]
THIRAM [MART.]
bmse000928
D02UVS
NCIMech_000272
cid_5455
NCIOpen2_007854
SCHEMBL21144
BSPBio_003184
KBioGR_001499
KBioSS_002167
BIDD:ER0359
DivK1c_000741
SPECTRUM1503322
SPBio_001428
CHEMBL120563
Thiram [USAN:INN:BSI:ISO]
Thiram [USAN:INN:ISO:BSI]
BDBM43362
HMS502F03
KBio1_000741
KBio2_002167
KBio2_004735
KBio2_007303
KBio3_002684
KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-
ENT-987
NINDS_000741
HMS1922A12
HMS2093E03
HMS2234B08
HMS3374C05
Pharmakon1600-01503322
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 97%
Tox21_111150
Tox21_201569
Tox21_301102
LS-803
NSC758454
s2431
STL264104
(dimethylamino){[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]disulfanyl}methane-1-thione
AKOS000120200
bis (dimethyl thiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl)disulfide
Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)-
Tox21_111150_1
bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl) disulfide
DB13245
KS-5354
NSC-758454
Tetramethylthioperoxydicar-bonic diamide
IDI1_000741
QTL1_000082
NCGC00091563-02
NCGC00091563-03
NCGC00091563-04
NCGC00091563-05
NCGC00091563-06
NCGC00091563-07
NCGC00091563-08
NCGC00091563-09
NCGC00091563-10
NCGC00091563-12
NCGC00255002-01
NCGC00259118-01
NCI60_001477
NCI60_006736
SBI-0051813.P002
Thiram, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
B0486
CS-0012858
FT-0631799
EN300-16677
D06114
D97716
AB00052345_10
Thiram; (Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide)
Q416572
SR-01000736911
J-006992
J-524968
SR-01000736911-2
Thiram, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
BRD-K29254801-001-06-3
Z56754480
F0001-0468
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC ACID [(H2N)C(S)]2S2
N,N-Dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)-disulfanyl]carbothioamide
1-(dimethylthiocarbamoyldisulfanyl)-N,N-dimethyl-methanethioamide
N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid (dimethylthiocarbamoylthio) ester
Diamida Tioperoxidicarbonica ([(H2N) C (S)] 2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetrametil-
N(1),N(1),N(3),N(3)-tetramethyl-2-dithioperoxy-1,3-dithiodicarbonic diamide
N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid [[dimethylamino(sulfanylidene)methyl]thio] ester
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC DIAMIDE ((((CH(SUB 3))(SUB 2)N)C(S))(SUB 2)S(SUB 2))
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) Disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide
TMTD
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic Diamide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
AATIRAM
ARASAN(R)
BIS(DIMETHYLTHIOCARBAMOYL) DISULFIDE
BIS(DIMETHYLTHIOCARBAMYL) DISULFIDE
CEKUTMTD
DELSAN(R)
DIMETHYL THIURAM DISULFIDE
MERCURAM(R)
METHYL THIURAM
METHYL TUADS
NOMERSAN(R)
POMARSOL
POMARSOL(R)
POMASOL(R)
PURALIN(R)
REZIFILM(R)
RHODIASON
SPOTRETE(R)
TERSAN(R)
TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) Disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide
TMTD
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic Diamide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2),N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-
Disulfide,bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2),tetramethyl-
SQ 1489
Accelerator Thiuram;Aceto TETD
Arasan M
Arasan
Arasan-SF
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Fernasan
Fernasan A
Hermal
Heryl
Mercuram
Methyl Thiram
Normersan
Panoram 75
Pomarsol
Pomasol
Puralin
Rezifilm
Royal TMTD
Spotrete
Tersan
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Thiosan
Thiram
Thiram 75
Thiurad
Thiuram
Thiuram M
Thiuram disulfide,tetramethyl-
Thiuramyl
Tiuramyl
TMTD
TMTDS
Thylate
Tridipam
Tuads
Tulisan
Arasan 75
Fernide
Kregasan
Polyram ultra
Sadoplon
Tetrasipton
Thiulin
Tripomol
VUAgT-I-4
Thiuram D
Thiotox
Thillate
Arasan 42S
Thirasan
Arasan 70
Ekagom TB
Nobecutan
Vulcafor TMTD
Vulkacit Th
Sadoplon 75
Accelerator T
Trametan
Hexathir
Zaprawa Nasienna T
Aatiram
Thiram 80
Vulcafor TMT
Vulkacit thiuram
Hermat TMT
Thiram B
AApirol
Atiram
Falitiram
Formalsol
Thioscabin
Arasan 70-S Red
Tutan
Accel TMT
Tyradin
Tersan 75
Pol-Thiuram
TMT
TUEX
Tigam
Rhenogran TMTD
Metiurac
Nocceler TT
Rhodiauram
Thiotox (fungicide)
Accelerant T
Ferna-Col
Methyl Tuads
Arasan 50 red
Radothiram
Radotiram
Thiride
Thiuram TMTD
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Zupa S 80
Betoxin
Robac TMT
Pomarsol Forte
12680-07-8
12680-62-5
39456-80-9
56645-31-9
66173-72-6
92481-09-9
93196-73-7
200889-05-0
1135443-08-1
2213445-87-3
TT
tmtd
TMTD
anles
thiram
arasan
aapirol
Aapirol
accel tmt
acetotetd
arasan 70
Accel TMT
arasan 75
aceto tetd
arasan 42s
arasan42-s
acceleratort
thiram(tmtd)
accelerator t
thiram (tmtd)
Accelerator T
arasan 70-s red
acceleratortmtd
acceleratorthiuram
accelerator thiuram
Accelerator Thiuram
Rubber Accelerator TMTD
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
tetramethylthiuram disulphide
bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulphide
tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide)
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide)
alpha,alpha'-dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
thiram
Dimacit TMTD-PDR
thiuram
tmtd, pomarsol
thirame
arasan
fernasan
nobecutan
rezifilm
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Thiram
1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthioformamide)
Chipco Thiram 75
Spotrete
Tetrapom
Bis((dimethylamino)carbon
Fermide 850,
SQ 1489
Thimer
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl)disulfide
Fernasan
Tersan
Thioknock
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide,
Hexathir
Thiosan
Thiotex
Dimacit TMTD-PDR
Mercuram
Thiurad
Thiramad
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Nomersan
Thiuramyl
Thirasan
AAtack
Polyram-Ultra
Thylate
Thiuramin
Aceto tetd
Pomarsol
Tiuramyl
Tirampa
Arasan
Puralin
TMTD
TMTDS
Tripomol
Aules
Rezifilm
Tulisan
Vancide TM.
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Bis (dimethyldithiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram
Thiuram
TMTD
THIRAM
1,1’-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
THIURAM
TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULPHIDE
Tetramethylthiuram
TNTD
METHYL TUADS
AcceleratorTMTD
TIMTEC-BB SBB000804
1,1′-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthioformamide)
Chipco Thiram 75
Spotrete
Tetrapom
Bis((dimethylamino)carbon
Fermide 850
SQ 1489
Thimer
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl)disulfide
Fernasan
Tersan
Thioknock
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Hexathir
Thiosan
Thiotex
Dimacit TMTD-PDR
Mercuram
Thiurad
Thiramad
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Nomersan
Thiuramyl
Thirasan
Polyram-Ultra
Thylate
Thiuramin
Aceto tetd
Pomarsol
Tiuramyl
Tirampa
Arasan
Puralin
TMTD
TMTDS
Tripomol
Aules
Rezifilm
Tulisan, Vancide TM.
bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulphide
thiram
thiram (tmtd)
tmtd
thiram(tmtd)
tetramethylthiuram disulphide
tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide)
aapirol
accel tmt
accelerator t
accelerator thiuram
acceleratort
acceleratorthiuram
acceleratortmtd
aceto tetd
acetotetd
alpha,alpha'-dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
anles
arasan
arasan 42s
arasan 70
arasan 70-s red
arasan 75
arasan42-s
bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
Rubber Accelerator TMTD
TMTD
Tetramethyl-thiuram-disulfide
ACCELERATOR TT
Accelerator TMTD
ACCELERATOR TMTD(TT)




DIMACIT TMTD-PDR
DESCRIPTION:
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems.
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR is a valuable secondary accelerator.
In mercaptan modified polychloroprene cured with ETU, DIMACIT TMTD-PDR acts as a scorch retarder without affecting the cure speed.



TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Appearance: White to off white powder
Bulk Density: +/-0.50
Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4
Molecular Weight: 240.4
Appearance : powder
Colour : white, light brown
Odour : odourless
pH : 6.75, 4 % (20 °C)
Melting point/range : 144 - 146 °C
Boiling point/boiling range : 165 °C
Flammability (solid, gas) : not auto-flammable
Vapour pressure : 0.00002 Pa (25 °C)
Density : 1.36 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Solubility(ies):
Water solubility : 0.018 g/l (20 °C)
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water: log Pow: 1.84
Decomposition temperature : 165 °C
Surface tension : 71.5 mN/m, 20 °C

DIMACIT TMTD-PDR is recommended for use in soft compounds due to dispersability.
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR is non-staining and non-discoloring.
Excellent colors are obtained in non-black vulcanizates.
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems.

It should be noted that in the application of DIMACIT TMTD-PDR N-nitrosodimethylamine can be formed by the reaction of dimethylamine, a decomposition product, with nitrosating agents (nitrogen oxides)

APPLICATIONS OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR is used as Rubber and plastic additives
DIMACIT TMTD-PDR is used in Rubber modification

STORAGE OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Store in dry well ventilated place away from foodstuffs.
No reduction in the assay of the active substance has been observed after storage for 2 years in the original packing under normal conditions.
Double stacking of palletized material can result in unusual compaction of product.

In the event of accidental spillage the spilt product should be collected for incineration.
Notify the appropriate authorities immediately if there is any risk of contamination of watercourses.
Protect against acids and substances liberating acids.



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.


CHEMICAL SYNONYMS OF DIMACIT TMTD-PDR:
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Bis (dimethyldithiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram
Thiuram


DIMER ACID
Dimer acid, also known as dimeric acid, is a dicarboxylic acid featuring a 36-carbon (C36) alkyl group.
Dimer acid's molecular formula is C36H68O4.


CAS Number: 61788-89-4
EC Number: 500-148-0
MDL Number:MFCD00163478
Molecular Formula:C36H64O4



SYNONYMS:
dimerized fatty acids, Dimer Fatty acid, C36 DIMER ACID, C36 Dimer acidC, FATTYACIDS,DIMERACIDS, High purity dimer acid, C18-Unsatd.fattyacidsdimers, Fatty acids, diMeracids, C18, Dimerfettsure, C18, ungesttigt, Fatty acids, C18-unsatd., dimers, (Octadecadienoic acid) dipolymer



Dimer acid, also known as dimeric acid, is a dicarboxylic acid featuring a 36-carbon (C36) alkyl group.
Dimer acid is produced by dimerizing C18 unsaturated fatty acids from vegetable oils and fats, such as linoleic acid and oleic acid.
Vegetable oils and fats from waste cooking oil recycling are also used as raw materials.


The structure of dimer acid products varies based on the fatty acids used and the polymerization method.
The industrial quality of dimer acid varies, containing different amounts of trimer and other substances in addition to the dimer.
Dimer acid belongs to the class of dicarboxylic acids, obtained by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids.


Dimer acid is non-toxic and have yellow viscous transparent appearance.
Dimer acid is predominantly used to make polyamide resins and hot melt adhesives.
Based on properties, dimer acid-based polyamide resins can be classified as either reactive or non-reactive.


Reactive polyamides act as curing agents for epoxy resins, which Dimer acid is used to manufacture adhesives and surface coatings.
Whereas, non-reactive polyamides are largely used to manufacture printing inks and hot-melt adhesives.
Dimer Acid transparent to yellow liquid, dimer acid is a kind of duality acid polymer from fatty acid.


Dimer acid refers to the dimerization of linear unsaturated fatty acid or unsaturated fatty acid ester with linoleic acid of natural oil as the main component, which is self-condensed through Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction under the catalysis of clay.
Dimer acid is a mixture of various isomers, in which the main components are dimers, small amounts of trimers or multimers, and traces of unreacted monomers.


Dimer acid is a light yellow or yellow, viscous, non-toxic, transparent liquid.
Dimer acid's molecular formula is C36H68O4.
Dimer acid's CAS number is 61788-89-4.


Dimer acid is dicarboxylic acids that are made by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, oleic acid, canola, or cottonseed oil, generally on clay catalysts.
Dimer acid is dicarboxylic acids produced by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, oleic acid, canola oil or cottonseed oil, usually on clay catalysts.


Dimer acids, or dimerized fatty acids, are dicarboxylic acids prepared by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, usually on clay catalysts.
The CAS number of Dimer acid is [61788-89-4].


Dimer acid is a light yellow or yellow viscous transparent liquid.
Dimer acid usually contains predominantly a dimer of oleic acid.
Dimer acid is also called C36 dimer acid.


Dimer acid can be converted to dimer amines by reaction with ammonia and subsequent reduction.
Dimer acid is a fascinating substance that plays a crucial role in various industries.
Dimer acid’s a compound that is primarily obtained from tall oil, a byproduct of the paper industry.
The tall oil fatty acid undergoes a process known as dimerization, resulting in dimer acid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMER ACID:
Dimer acid is utilized as a modifier for thermosetting and thermoplastic resins, as a raw material for polyamidoamine, an epoxy resin curing agent, and thermoplastic polyamide resin.
Dimer acid is used in paints, inks, and adhesives.


Its flexibility makes Dimer acid suitable for use as a lubricant and cutting oil.
Dimer acid is also added to corrosion inhibitors and rust inhibitors, and in cosmetics as a blocking agent to prevent skin moisture evaporation, maintaining skin moisture.


Dimer acid is used industrial applications include viscosity modifier for oil and gas wells, surfactant for oil recovery, amine-based corrosion inhibitors and functional components for the coating, paper, adhesive, fuel and lubricants industries.
In addition, dimer acid-based polyamide resins are widely used as fuel oil additives, and lubricants in alkyd resins, adhesives, and surfactants.


The demand for dimer acid is expected to increase due to its comprehensive applications in industries, such as paints & coatings, adhesives, and oilfield chemicals among others.
These industries would witness a persistent growth in the future, thereby augmenting the growth of world dimer acid market.


Currently, non-reactive polymer dominates the application segment in the dimer acid market.
However, reactive polymers are forecast to exhibit the highest CAGR due to Dimer acid's growing popularity in construction and marine coatings, especially in Asia-Pacific.


Despite its optimistic stance, the dimer acid industry, is likely to witness fluctuations in the price of raw materials such as rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and soybean oil that can hamper the growth of the market during the forecast period.
Dimer acid is primarily used to synthesize polyamide resins and hot melt adhesives.


Dimer acid is an important oleochemical that is widely used in coatings, surfactants, lubricants, printing inks, hot melt adhesives and other industries.
Dimer acid is used in synthetic alkyd resins, in printing inks, polyamid resin, beaded paint adhesive, in textiles, detergent, and an additive of lubricant and antirust oil.


Dimer acid is used for synthesis of polyamide resins and polyamide hot melt adhesives.
Dimer acid is also used in the manufacture of alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, as fuel oil additives, and lubricant.
Dimer acid can be used to synthesize polyamide resins and hot melt adhesives.


Dimer acid is also used in alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, fuel oil additives and lubricants.
Dimer acid is used primarily for synthesis of polyamide resins and polyamide hot melt adhesives.
Dimer acid is also used in alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, as fuel oil additives, lubricants, etc.
Dimer acid has a range of applications, from surface coatings to lubricants and fuel additives.


-Role of Dimer acid in Lubricants:
Dimer acid also finds its application in the formulation of oil additives and lubricants.
The high molecular weight and unique structure of dimer acid contribute to enhanced lubricity and thermal stability.
These characteristics make Dimer acid an ideal component in automotive and industrial lubricants.


-Fuel Additives and More:
The versatility of dimer acid extends to its role as a surfactant in fuel oil. It helps in improving the fuel’s flow properties and combustion efficiency.
Dimer acid is also used in the formulation of adhesives and hot melt resins, which are employed in various manufacturing processes.

Dimer acid is a key ingredient in the production of adhesives.
Its unique chemical structure allows it to form strong bonds, making Dimer acid a preferred choice for heavy-duty applications.
The adhesives find their use in automotive, construction, and even in the aerospace industry.


-Surfactants and Cleaning Agents
Beyond its role in coatings and lubricants, dimer acid is also used in the production of surfactants.
These surfactants are employed in cleaning agents, detergents, and even in personal care products.
Dimer acid’s effectiveness in breaking down oils and fats makes it a valuable component in these applications.


-A Sustainable Choice:
Another advantage of dimer acid is its sustainability.
Since Dimer acid is obtained from tall oil, a byproduct of the paper industry, it contributes to waste reduction and promotes a circular economy.
This makes Dimer acid an eco-friendly choice for various applications.


-Applications of Dimer acid in Surface Coatings:
One of the primary uses of dimer acid is in the production of alkyd resins.
These resins are mainly used for synthetic paintings and coatings, particularly in the construction industry.
Alkyd resins offer excellent properties like durability, gloss, and adhesion, making them a preferred choice for both indoor and outdoor applications.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIMER ACID:
Dimer acid is a light yellow transparent viscous liquid with good thermal stability: it does not crystallize at a low temperature of-20 °C, and does not lose its transparent fluidity; it does not evaporate or gel at 250 °C.
The color will darken significantly when heated in air.

Exposure to metal ions, especially copper and iron ions, can promote color deterioration.
Hydrogenated dimer acid is almost colorless and transparent liquid, and the color is not easy to deepen even when heated.
Dimer acid is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, benzene, petroleum series solvents.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIMER ACID:
Dimer acid is a multifunctional compound, so it can carry out many chemical reactions and has similar reactivity to general unsaturated fatty acids.
Dimer acid can react with alkali metals to form metal salts, and can also be derived into acid chlorides, amides, esters, diisocyanates and other products.



REACTION MECHANISM OF DIMER ACID:
Dimer acid is obtained by heating and polymerizing unsaturated fatty acid under the action of catalyst.
The reaction mechanism of dimerization, the current consensus view is the theory of Diels-Alder addition reaction between conjugated and non-conjugated unsaturated fatty acids.



THE CHEMISTRY BEHIND DIMER ACID:
Dimer acids are dicarboxylic acids formed by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids.
The process results in a light yellow or yellow viscous liquid, which has a higher molecular weight compared to Dimer acid's raw materials.
This attribute makes dimer acid an excellent choice for synthesizing polyamide resins and other high-performance materials.



PREPARATION OF DIMER ACID:
Dimer acid is prepared by heating and polymerizing unsaturated fatty acid under the action of catalyst.



DIMER ACID MARKET ANALYSIS:
The market for dimer acid is expected to register a CAGR of more than 5% during the forecast period.
The market was hampered by the COVID-19 pandemic, as lockdowns, social distances, and trade sanctions triggered massive disruptions to global supply chain networks.

The construction industry witnessed a decline due to the halt in activities.
However, the condition recovered in 2021 is expected to benefit the market during the forecast period.
Increasing applications for polyamide resins and growing usage of adhesives and fuel oil additives are driving market growth.
Fluctuating raw material prices and uncertainty in the production of rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and soybean oil are expected to hinder market growth.



PRODUCTION OF DIMER ACID:
Dimer acid is produced from different fatty acids by heating. Necessary are a fatty acid with conjugated double bonds or other unsaturated fatty acids.
Examples of such fatty acids are conjugated linoleic acids.
The reaction is carried out via Diels-Alder addition, whereby a partially unsaturated C6 ring is formed.
Besides the dimer, trimers as well as (unreacted) monomers of the fatty acids may be present in the mixture.



DIMER ACID MARKET TRENDS:
This section covers the major market trends shaping the Dimer Acid Market according to our research experts:

*Growing Demand for Alkyd Resins and Adhesives
Dimer Acid is known as dimerized fatty acids and belongs to the dicarboxylic acid group.
Dimer acid finds its application in surface coatings, lubricants, and fuel additives.

Dimer acid is used to manufacture alkyd resins, mainly used for synthetic paintings and coatings and employed in the construction industry due to their properties.
In 2021, the United States produced 123.9 billion pounds of resins.
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was the most produced resin that year, with an output of 22 billion pounds.

Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) accounted for a similar production volume, at 21.7 billion pounds.
The properties of dimer acid include high molecular weight, difficulty in crystallization and distillation, highly flexible cyclic structure, soluble in hydrocarbons, and easily controlled reactivity.

Polyamide hot-melt adhesives largely use dimer acid in the manufacturing process.
These hot-melt adhesives are used on metal, paper, wood, and many plastics, like PVC, surface-treated polypropylene, and polyethylene, for excellent adhesion purposes, due to their characteristics.

Synthetic polyamides are commonly used in textiles, the automotive industry, carpets, kitchen utensils, and sportswear due to their high durability and strength.
The transportation manufacturing industry is the major consumer, accounting for 35% of polyamide (PA) consumption.

Hot-melt adhesives have high thermal stability, melting points, and chemical resistance to many compounds.
These properties are increasing the demand for these adhesives over other adhesives in the current scenario.
In 2021, global polyamide production stood at 5.87 million metric tons.

According to Statista, by 2027, the market value of adhesives is expected to increase to nearly USD 65 billion, and sealants will amount to just over USD 15 billion.
Due to the strong demand from end-user industries such as food and beverages, increasing applications for adhesives in the packaging industry are driving the market for dimer acid.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMER ACID:
CBNumber: CB51011196
Molecular Formula: C36H64O4
Molecular Weight: 560.91
MDL Number: MFCD00163478
MOL File: 61788-89-4.mol
Vapor Pressure: 0-0.029Pa at 25℃
Form: Viscous
LogP: 1-14.81 at pH2
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: FATTY ACIDS(C18), UNSATURATED, DIMERS
FDA UNII: 04P17590AP
EPA Substance Registry System: C18-Unsatd.
fatty acids dimers (61788-89-4)

Molecular Weight: 564.92
Appearance: Brown, viscous liquid
Density: 0.950 g/cm3
Assay: 70 - 85% (Dibasic Acid)
Boiling Point: > 260°C
Melting Point: -18°C (pour point)
Flash Point: > 257°C
Odor: Mild fatty
Acid Value: 181 MIN.
Class: Dimer Acids and Trimer Acids

Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 360.60°C @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.000004 mmHg @ 25.00°C (est)
Flash Point: 523.00°F TCC (273.00°C) (est)
logP (o/w): 7.180 (est)
Soluble in: water, 0.03771 mg/L @ 25°C (est)



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMER ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMER ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMER ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMER ACID:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMER ACID:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMER ACID:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


DIMER ACID
Mirasil DM 20; Belsil DM 100; Belsil DM 1000; Clearocast 10; DIMETICONE 350; SILICONE FLUID; DIMETICONUM 350; DIMETHICONE 350; DiMethicone 245; Dow Corning 365; Dow Corning 1413; Dow Corning 1664; Belsil DM 1 Plus; Dow Corning- 664; Dimethicone (nf); DIMETHICONE 1000; DIMETHYL SILICONE; POLYMETHYLSILOXANE; VISCOSITY STANDARD; Sentry dimethicone; Dow Corning 5-2117; Dow Corning 5-7137; Dow Corning 5-7139; SILICONE OIL DC 200; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXAN; DIMETHICONE COPOLYOL; Dimeticone (jan/inn); Dow Corning 200/10CST; Dow Corning 200/5 cst; Dow Corning 100-350CS; Vinyl-terminated PDMS; Sentry dimethicone (tn); POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE GUM; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 311; dimethicone macromolecule; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 3'320; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 7'100; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 1'850; Dow Corning 200 Fluid 5cSt; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 16'000; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 71'000; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 89'800; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 47'500; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 25'800; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 303'000; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 173'000; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 197'000; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 158'000; Dow Corning 200/100 cSt Fluid; Dow Corning 200 Fluid 350 c/s; DIMETHYLPOLYSILOXANE,TECHNICAL; EIGHT-ARM POLY(DIMETHYL SILOXANE); SILCOREL(R) ADP1000 ANTIFOAM COMPOUND; REDUCED VOLATILITY POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; Dow Corning 365 DiMethicone NF EMulsion; (Methoxy-dimethylsilyl)-trimethylsilane; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE), METHYL TERMINATED; EXTREME LOW VOLATILITY POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; DOW CORNING 346 EMULSION SINGLE RELEASE AGENT; Polydimethylsiloxane trimethylsiloxy-terminated; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE, BRANCHED, METHYL TERMINATED; Silicone Fluid, High TeMperature Heat Transfer Fluid CAS NO:9006-65-9
DIMETHICONE 100
DIMETHICONE 100 Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) DIMETHICONE 100, also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone, belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones.[1] PDMS is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer due to its versatility and properties leading to a manifold of applications.[2] It is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties. PDMS is optically clear and, in general, inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable. It is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane). Its applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; it is also present in shampoos (as it makes hair shiny and slippery), food (antifoaming agent), caulking, lubricants and heat-resistant tiles. Contents 1 DIMETHICONE 100 Structure 1.1 DIMETHICONE 100 Branching and capping 2 DIMETHICONE 100 Mechanical properties 3 DIMETHICONE 100 Chemical compatibility 4 DIMETHICONE 100 Applications 4.1 DIMETHICONE 100 Surfactants and antifoaming agents 4.2 DIMETHICONE 100 Hydraulic fluids and related applications 4.3 DIMETHICONE 100 Soft lithography 4.4 DIMETHICONE 100 Stereo lithography 4.5 DIMETHICONE 100 Medicine and cosmetics 4.5.1 DIMETHICONE 100 Skin 4.5.2 DIMETHICONE 100 Hair 4.5.3 DIMETHICONE 100 Flea treatment for pets 4.6 DIMETHICONE 100 Foods 4.7 DIMETHICONE 100 Condom lubricant 4.8 DIMETHICONE 100 Domestic and niche uses 5 DIMETHICONE 100 Safety and environmental considerations 6 DIMETHICONE 100 See also 7 DIMETHICONE 100 References 8 DIMETHICONE 100 External links DIMETHICONE 100 Structure The chemical formula for PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is CH3[Si(CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3, where n is the number of repeating monomer [SiO(CH3)2] units.[3] Industrial synthesis can begin from dimethyldichlorosilane and water by the following net reaction: {\displaystyle n{\ce {Si(CH3)2Cl2}}+(n+1){\ce {H2O->HO[-Si(CH3)2O-]_{\mathit {n}}H}}+2n{\ce {HCl}}}{\displaystyle n{\ce {Si(CH3)2Cl2}}+(n+1){\ce {H2O->HO[-Si(CH3)2O-]_{\mathit {n}}H}}+2n{\ce {HCl}}} The polymerization reaction evolves hydrochloric acid. For medical and domestic applications, a process was developed in which the chlorine atoms in the silane precursor were replaced with acetate groups. In this case, the polymerization produces acetic acid, which is less chemically aggressive than HCl. As a side-effect, the curing process is also much slower in this case. The acetate is used in consumer applications, such as silicone caulk and adhesives. DIMETHICONE 100 Branching and capping Hydrolysis of Si(CH3)2Cl2 generates a polymer that is terminated with silanol groups (−Si(CH3)2OH]). These reactive centers are typically "capped" by reaction with trimethylsilyl chloride: 2 Si(CH3)3Cl + [Si(CH3)2O]n−2[Si(CH3)2OH]2 → [Si(CH3)2O]n−2[Si(CH3)2O Si(CH3)3]2 + 2 HCl Silane precursors with more acid-forming groups and fewer methyl groups, such as methyltrichlorosilane, can be used to introduce branches or cross-links in the polymer chain. Under ideal conditions, each molecule of such a compound becomes a branch point. This can be used to produce hard silicone resins. In a similar manner, precursors with three methyl groups can be used to limit molecular weight, since each such molecule has only one reactive site and so forms the end of a siloxane chain. Well-defined PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 with a low polydispersity index and high homogeneity is produced by controlled anionic ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. Using this methodology it is possible to synthesize linear block copolymers, heteroarm star-shaped block copolymers and many other macromolecular architectures. The polymer is manufactured in multiple viscosities, ranging from a thin pourable liquid (when n is very low), to a thick rubbery semi-solid (when n is very high). PDMS molecules have quite flexible polymer backbones (or chains) due to their siloxane linkages, which are analogous to the ether linkages used to impart rubberiness to polyurethanes. Such flexible chains become loosely entangled when molecular weight is high, which results in PDMS' unusually high level of viscoelasticity. DIMETHICONE 100 Mechanical properties PDMS is viscoelastic, meaning that at long flow times (or high temperatures), it acts like a viscous liquid, similar to honey. However, at short flow times (or low temperatures), it acts like an elastic solid, similar to rubber. Viscoelasticity is a form of nonlinear elasticity that is common amongst noncrystalline polymers.[4] The loading and unloading of a stress-strain curve for PDMS do not coincide; rather, the amount of stress will vary based on the degree of strain, and the general rule is that increasing strain will result in greater stiffness. When the load itself is removed, the strain is slowly recovered (rather than instantaneously). This time-dependent elastic deformation results from the long-chains of the polymer. But the process that is described above is only relevant when cross-linking is present; when it is not, the polymer PDMS cannot shift back to the original state even when the load is removed, resulting in a permanent deformation. However, permanent deformation is rarely seen in PDMS, since it is almost always cured with a cross-linking agent. If some PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is left on a surface overnight (long flow time), it will flow to cover the surface and mold to any surface imperfections. However, if the same PDMS is poured into a spherical mold and allowed to cure (short flow time), it will bounce like a rubber ball.[3] The mechanical properties of PDMS enable this polymer to conform to a diverse variety of surfaces. Since these properties are affected by a variety of factors, this unique polymer is relatively easy to tune. This enables PDMS to become a good substrate that can easily be integrated into a variety of microfluidic and microelectromechanical systems.[5][6] Specifically, the determination of mechanical properties can be decided before PDMS is cured; the uncured version allows the user to capitalize on myriad opportunities for achieving a desirable elastomer. Generally, the cross-linked cured version of PDMS resembles rubber in a solidified form. It is widely known to be easily stretched, bent, compressed in all directions.[7] Depending on the application and field, the user is able to tune the properties based on what is demanded. Overall PDMS DIMETHICONE 100has a low elastic modulus which enables it to be easily deformed and results in the behavior of a rubber.[8][9][10] Viscoelastic properties of PDMS can be more precisely measured using dynamic mechanical analysis. This method requires determination of the material's flow characteristics over a wide range of temperatures, flow rates, and deformations. Because of PDMS's chemical stability, it is often used as a calibration fluid for this type of experiment. The shear modulus of PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 varies with preparation conditions, and consequently dramatically varies in the range of 100 kPa to 3 MPa. The loss tangent is very low (tan δ ≪ 0.001).[10] DIMETHICONE 100 Chemical compatibility PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is hydrophobic.[6] Plasma oxidation can be used to alter the surface chemistry, adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface. Atmospheric air plasma and argon plasma will work for this application. This treatment renders the PDMS surface hydrophilic, allowing water to wet it. The oxidized surface can be further functionalized by reaction with trichlorosilanes. After a certain amount of time, recovery of the surface's hydrophobicity is inevitable, regardless of whether the surrounding medium is vacuum, air, or water; the oxidized surface is stable in air for about 30 minutes.[11] Alternatively, for applications where long-term hydrophilicity is a requirement, techniques such as hydrophilic polymer grafting, surface nanostructuring, and dynamic surface modification with embedded surfactants can be of use. [12] Solid PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 samples (whether surface-oxidized or not) will not allow aqueous solvents to infiltrate and swell the material. Thus PDMS structures can be used in combination with water and alcohol solvents without material deformation. However most organic solvents will diffuse into the material and cause it to swell.[6] Despite this, some organic solvents lead to sufficiently small swelling that they can be used with PDMS, for instance within the channels of PDMS microfluidic devices. The swelling ratio is roughly inversely related to the solubility parameter of the solvent. Diisopropylamine swells PDMS to the greatest extent; solvents such as chloroform, ether, and THF swell the material to a large extent. Solvents such as acetone, 1-propanol, and pyridine swell the material to a small extent. Alcohols and polar solvents such as methanol, glycerol and water do not swell the material appreciably.[13] DIMETHICONE 100 Applications Surfactants and antifoaming agents PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is a common surfactant and is a component of defoamers.[14] PDMS, in a modified form, is used as an herbicide penetrant[15] and is a critical ingredient in water-repelling coatings, such as Rain-X.[16] DIMETHICONE 100 Hydraulic fluids and related applications DIMETHICONE 100 is also the active silicone fluid in automotive viscous limited slip differentials and couplings. This is usually a non-serviceable OEM component but can be replaced with mixed performance results due to variances in effectiveness caused by refill weights or non-standard pressurizations.[citation needed] DIMETHICONE 100 Soft lithography PDMS DIMETHICONE 100is commonly used as a stamp resin in the procedure of soft lithography, making it one of the most common materials used for flow delivery in microfluidics chips.[17] The process of soft lithography consists of creating an elastic stamp, which enables the transfer of patterns of only a few nanometers in size onto glass, silicon or polymer surfaces. With this type of technique, it is possible to produce devices that can be used in the areas of optic telecommunications or biomedical research. The stamp is produced from the normal techniques of photolithography or electron-beam lithography. The resolution depends on the mask used and can reach 6 nm.[18] In biomedical (or biological) microelectromechanical systems (bio-MEMS), soft lithography is used extensively for microfluidics in both organic and inorganic contexts. Silicon wafers are used to design channels, and PDMS is then poured over these wafers and left to harden. When removed, even the smallest of details is left imprinted in the PDMS. With this particular PDMS block, hydrophilic surface modification is conducted using plasma etching techniques. Plasma treatment disrupts surface silicon-oxygen bonds, and a plasma-treated glass slide is usually placed on the activated side of the PDMS (the plasma-treated, now hydrophilic side with imprints). Once activation wears off and bonds begin to reform, silicon-oxygen bonds are formed between the surface atoms of the glass and the surface atoms of the PDMS, and the slide becomes permanently sealed to the PDMS, thus creating a waterproof channel. With these devices, researchers can utilize various surface chemistry techniques for different functions creating unique lab-on-a-chip devices for rapid parallel testing.[5] PDMS can be cross-linked into networks and is a commonly used system for studying the elasticity of polymer networks.[citation needed] PDMS can be directly patterned by surface-charge lithography.[19] PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is being used in the making of synthetic gecko adhesion dry adhesive materials, to date only in laboratory test quantities.[20] Some flexible electronics researchers use PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 because of its low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility, and optical transparency.[21] DIMETHICONE 100 Stereo lithography In stereo lithography (SLA) 3D printing, light is projected onto photocuring resin to selectively cure it. Some types of SLA printer are cured from the bottom of the tank of resin and therefore require the growing model to be peeled away from the base in order for each printed layer to be supplied with a fresh film of uncured resin. A PDMS layer at the bottom of the tank assists this process by absorbing oxygen : the presence of oxygen adjacent to the resin prevents it adhering to the PDMS, and the optically clear PDMS permits the projected image to pass through to the resin undistorted. DIMETHICONE 100 Medicine and cosmetics Activated DIMETHICONE 100, a mixture of polydimethylsiloxanes and silicon dioxide (sometimes called simethicone), is often used in over-the-counter drugs as an antifoaming agent and carminative.[22][23] It has also been at least proposed for use in contact lenses.[24] Silicone breast implants are made out of a PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 elastomer shell, to which fumed amorphous silica is added, encasing PDMS gel or saline solution. [25] In addition, PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is useful as a lice or flea treatment because of its ability to trap insects.[26] It also works as a moisturizer that is lighter and more breathable than typical oils. DIMETHICONE 100 Skin PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is used variously in the cosmetic and consumer product industry as well. For example, PDMS can be used in the treatment of head lice on the scalp[26] and dimethicone is used widely in skin-moisturizing lotions where it is listed as an active ingredient whose purpose is "skin protection." Some cosmetic formulations use dimethicone and related siloxane polymers in concentrations of use up to 15%. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review's (CIR) Expert Panel, has concluded that dimethicone and related polymers are "safe as used in cosmetic formulations."[27] DIMETHICONE 100 Hair PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 compounds such as amodimethicone, are effective conditioners when formulated to consist of small particles and be soluble in water or alcohol/act as surfactants[28][29] (especially for damaged hair[30]), and are even more conditioning to the hair than common dimethicone and/or dimethicone copolyols.[31] DIMETHICONE 100 Flea treatment for pets Dimethicone DIMETHICONE 100 is the active ingredient in a liquid applied to the back of the neck of a cat or dog from a small one time use dose disposable pipette. The parasite becomes trapped and immoblised in the substance and thus breaks the life cycle of the insect. DIMETHICONE 100 Foods PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is added to many cooking oils (as an antifoaming agent) to prevent oil splatter during the cooking process. As a result of this, PDMS can be found in trace quantities in many fast food items such as McDonald's Chicken McNuggets, french fries, hash browns, milkshakes and smoothies[32] and Wendy's french fries.[33] Under European food additive regulations, it is listed as E900. DIMETHICONE 100 Condom lubricant PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 is widely used as a condom lubricant.[34][35] DIMETHICONE 100 Domestic and niche uses Many people are indirectly familiar with PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 because it is an important component in Silly Putty, to which PDMS imparts its characteristic viscoelastic properties.[36] Another toy PDMS is used in is Kinetic Sand. The rubbery, vinegary-smelling silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants are also well-known. PDMS is also used as a component in silicone grease and other silicone based lubricants, as well as in defoaming agents, mold release agents, damping fluids, heat transfer fluids, polishes, cosmetics, hair conditioners and other applications. PDMS has also been used as a filler fluid in breast implants. It can be used as a sorbent for the analysis of headspace (dissolved gas analysis) of food.[37] DIMETHICONE 100 Safety and environmental considerations According to Ullmann's Encyclopedia, no "marked harmful effects on organisms in the environment" have been noted for siloxanes. PDMS is nonbiodegradable, but is absorbed in waste water treatment facilities. Its degradation is catalyzed by various clays.[38] Polydimethylsiloxane PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 PDMS DIMETHICONE 100 DIMETHICONE 100 Names DIMETHICONE 100 IUPAC name poly(dimethylsiloxane) DIMETHICONE 100 Other names PDMS, dimethicone, dimethylpolysiloxane, E900 Identifiers DIMETHICONE 100 CAS Number 63148-62-9 DIMETHICONE 100 3D model (JSmol) n = 12: Interactive image DIMETHICONE 100 none DIMETHICONE 100 ECHA InfoCard 100.126.442 E number E900 (glazing agents, ...) DIMETHICONE 100 UNII 92RU3N3Y1O DIMETHICONE 100 CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID0049573 DIMETHICONE 100 Properties DIMETHICONE 100 Chemical formula (C2H6OSi)n DIMETHICONE 100 Density 965 kg/m3 DIMETHICONE 100 Melting point N/A (vitrifies) DIMETHICONE 100 Boiling point N/A (vitrifies) DIMETHICONE 100 is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It has viscoelastic properties. Dimethicone is used as a surfactant, antifoaming agent, carminative in various products such as medical devices, food products, and lubricants. It is used in a number of health and beauty products including hair care products such as shampoo, conditioner, leave-in conditioner, and de-tangling products. On skin, it is also observed to have moisturizing actions 6,8. A study found that that the 100 % DIMETHICONE 100 product is a safe and highly effective head lice treatment for children and may serve as less toxic and less resistance-prone alternative to pesticide-containing products. Stearoxy Dimethicone, Dimethicone, Methicone, Amino Bispropyl Dimethicone,Aminopropyl Dimethicone, Amodimethicone, Amodimethicone Hydroxystearate,Behenoxy Dimethicone, C24-28 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone, C30-45 Alkyl Methicone,Cetearyl Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Dimethoxysilyl Ethylenediaminopropyl Dimethicone, Hexyl Methicone, Hydroxypropyldimethicone,Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Methicone,and Vinyldimethicone At Puracy, we take natural skincare seriously. Discover what dimethicone is, how it's used, and why it's more harmful than you might think.As an eco-friendly skincare brand, Puracy wants to set the record straight about what dimethicone is – and why we never use it in our products.If you've ever used a makeup primer with a silky or slippery feel, it probably had some version of dimethicone (polydimethylsiloxane) in it. Because molecules of this silicone-based polymer are too large for the skin and hair to absorb, these products leave behind a thin layer. As a result, you get shinier-looking and smoother-feeling skin and hair – a major reason for the popularity of dimethicone in cosmetics.Board-certified dermatologist Dr. Julie Jackson states that dimethicone “does not interact with the stratum corneum (the top layer of the skin). It works by forming a film that prevents the loss of water through the skin, thus keeping the skin moisturized. It also works as an emollient, filling the spaces between cracks in the skin.”There are hundreds of dimethicone uses in personal care products, with the most popular being diaper rash cream, moisturizer, hand lotion, and liquid foundation. This ingredient allows products to be applied seamlessly. In makeup primers, it prevents foundation from changing colors and cracking.Most hair care companies use dimethicone and silicone to coat the hair cuticle and make detangling easier. A lot of this comes down to these ingredients’ affordability and effectiveness. There are simply very few eco-friendly, dimethicone-free products that can provide the same results.After years of research and development with expert chemists and testers, Puracy Natural Shampoo and Conditioner are rare examples of dimethicone-free hair products that manage to leave all hair types moisturized, bouncy, and shiny.Puracy is proud to be one of the first companies to use this 100% sustainable and biodegradable emollient, which seamlessly replicates the effects of both dimethicone and silicone. When pressed on whether dimethicone can clog pores and lead to acne, Dr. Jackson concluded, “There is no evidence that dimethicone can cause acne.”Even though it’s an unnatural, man-made substance, Dr. Jackson agrees that dimethicone is a good chemically-inert moisturizer. But it isn’t biodegradable – and the current environmental research isn’t positive. As a result, we’ll never include it in any Puracy formulas.The first step to avoiding dimethicone is by carefully reading labels and looking for products that pledge to use biodegradable, renewable ingredients. Next, choose items that are dimethicone, silicone-, and sulfate-free – like every Puracy personal care product.Dimethicone (also known as polydimethylsiloxane) – a silicon-based polymer – is a man-made synthetic molecule comprised of repeating units called monomers. Silicon is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust (after oxygen). Dimethicone is one of the most widely used ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products and can also be found in many cooking oils, processed foods, and fast food items.According to 2019 data in U.S. FDA’s Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP), dimethicone was reported to be used in 12,934 products. This included products for use near the eye, shampoos and conditioners, hair dyes and colors, bath oils, skin care products, bath soaps and detergents, suntan preparations and baby products.Dimethicone works as an anti-foaming agent, skin protectant, skin conditioning agent, and hair conditioning agent. It prevents water loss by forming a barrier on the skin. Like most silicone materials, dimethicone has a unique fluidity that makes it easily spreadable and, when applied to the skin, gives products a smooth and silky feel. It can also help fill in fine lines/wrinkles on the face, giving it a temporary “plump” look.Dimethicone is an important component in several toys, including Silly Putty, to which it imparts its unique viscosity and elastic properties, and Kinetic Sand, which mimics the physical properties of wet sand and can be molded and shaped into any desired form. Dimethicone is also a critical ingredient in rubbery silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants, as well as water-repelling coatings, such as Rain-X.f you were to ask your friends, "What is dimethicone?" you'd likely get a lot of blank stares. Buuut I'm also willing to bet you'd hear some very, very opinionated responses (if, you know, your friends happen to be beauty editors). Silicones (like dimethicone) in cosmetics is a controversial topic, and for every person who loves them and swears by their silicone-based makeup primer, there's another person who actively avoids all silicones in skincare, haircare, and makeup.So what's the deal? Is dimethicone okay to use, or do you need to overhaul your medicine cabinet? Welp, allow me to present you with the facts and expert insights from a dermatologist and trichologist about using dimethicone in your skincare and hair products so that you can make that decision for yourself. Because, spoiler, it really is a you decision in the end.Dimethicone is a silicon-based polymer that, when used in beauty products, gives the formula an incredibly smooth, velvety, slippery feel that you either love or hate (although I'll never understand the people who hate it TBH. I freakin' love the smooth feeling of silicones).But dimethicone is not only used for its sensory properties—it also helps to temporarily smooth fine lines and wrinkles, functions as an emollient (aka a skin-conditioning agent), and also has some occlusive properties (meaning it prevents water loss by creating a seal or a barrier on your skin). And because of these properties, you'll usually find dimethicone in your foundations, makeup primers, hair products, moisturizers, etc. Basically, unless a label specifically says it's silicone-free, you can almost guarantee it's in ev-ery-thing.Despite what the haters may say, according to the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Panel, dimethicone is safe when used in cosmetic products. What's more, the CIR Expert Panel also says because of the large molecular weight of dimethicone, it's unlikely that it can be absorbed into the skin in a significant way. Board-certified dermatologist Dhaval G. Bhanusali, MD, isn't concerned either: "I think, all too often, people put things in categories and say, 'all of this is bad,'" he says. "But in this case, I don't know of many colleagues who are concerned with dimethicone in skincare products."Although dimethicone is fine for use on the skin, things get a little trickier when using it on your hair, mainly because it can coat your strands and weigh them down (which is not great for curls or fine hair). But, "if you have dry, damaged hair that's prone to tangles, dimethicone can help create that sleek, slippery feel, making detangling easy and giving the appearance that the hair is super-conditioned and healthy," says trichologist and creator of Colour Collective, Kerry E. Yates. "Dimethicone is also heavily used in styling products to help 'glue' the cuticles down to create that smooth, shiny effect in hair."In short, yes. The reason why you might experience dry hair from using a dimethicone-based formula is that the product builds up, which prevents the hair from achieving a proper moisture balance. This is why excess use of dimethicone can result in dry, brittle ends that are prone to breakage.Just because the experts say dimethicone is not the enemy the internet has made it out to be, it doesn't mean you have to use it. Dimethicone has its pros and cons, so if you've read the above and decided you still don't want to use it, don't! No one's making you! The beauty of an oversaturated beauty market is that you have tons of silicone-free options to use instead, like the below:Dimethicone in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone. Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).Dimethicone comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations. It adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness. It offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.Used at a rate of 1% to 30%, dimethicone conforms to the FDA's Tentative Final Monograph on OTC Skin Protectants. However, provided you make no drug claims for it, dimethicone does not have to be declared as an active ingredient, nor does your product or facility need to conform to OTC drug production standards. Dimethicone can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order. When using dimethicone in cosmetic formulations, one should be guided by the usage rates in the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) tables (see our Reference Room for links to these PDFs) as these apply to cosmetics rather than OTC products.The CIR lists Dimethicone in the Cosmetic Ingredients Found Safe as Used in the following amounts,Dimethicone is promoted as a defoaming agent for relief of abdominal pain due to retained gas and for “colic” in infants. It has been suggested that it may provide mucosal protection3 and it is included in many combined antacid preparations. It is also used to improve visibility during endoscopy. This article reviews the actions and clinical uses of dimethicone.Dimethicone (also known as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS) is technically called a silicone-based polymer. More simply, it’s a silicone oil with certain properties that make it extremely popular in today's personal care properties.In hair care products, dimethicone is used to provide smoothness, particularly in conditioners and detanglers, where the ingredient helps smooth hair and provide better comb-through. Because dimethicone leaves a sort of covering on the hair strands, it can also make hair appear shinier.In accordance with CIR Procedures, because it has been at least 15 years since the original safety assessment was published, the Panel should consider whether the safety assessment of Stearoxy Dimethicone, Dimethicone, Methicone,Amino Bispropyl Dimethicone,Aminopropyl Dimethicone, Amodimethicone, Amodimethicone Hydroxystearate,Behenoxy Dimethicone, C24-28 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone, Cetearyl,Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Dimethoxysilyl Ethylenediaminopropyl Dimethicone, Hexyl Methicone,Hydroxypropyldimethicone, Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Methicone, and Vinyl Dimethicone should be re-opened. An exhaustive search of the world’s literature was performed for studies dated 1998 forward. A synopsis of the relevant new data is enclosed Stearoxy Dimethicone, Dimethicone, Methicone, Amino Bispropyl Dimethicone,Aminopropyl Dimethicone, Amodimethicone, Amodimethicone Hydroxystearate,Behenoxy Dimethicone, C24-28 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone,C30-45 Alkyl Methicone, Cetearyl Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Dimethoxysilyl,Ethylenediaminopropyl Dimethicone, Hexyl Methicone, Hydroxypropyldimethicone,Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Methicone, and Vinyldimethicone. Dimethicone and mineral spirits from the CIR report. He noted that the necrosis observed was due to the mineral spirits, and not Dimethicone. The Panel voted unanimously in favor of issuing a Final Report with a safe as used conclusion on the Stearoxy Dimethicone ingredient family. Dimethicone has been used as a physical barrier method of eradicating head lice and eggs. 3,4 Dimethicone use is also prevalent in condom lubricants5, and, it is used industrially in various construction sealants, rubber, and paints, and is taken orally as an anti-flatulence agent.6
DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100)
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) has viscoelastic properties.


CAS Number: 63148-62-9
EC Number: 203-497-4 / 613-156-5 / 618-433-4
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: (CH₃)₃SiO(Si(CH₃)₂O)n



PDMS, Dimethyl Fluid, Methylpolysiloxane, Methyl Silicone Oil, Silicone Fluid, Dimethicone, Polidimetilsiloxano, Dimethylpolysiloxane, PDMS, Silicone oil, Dimethicone



Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a transparent liquid of completely linear polydimethylsiloxane with high viscosity.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is colorless, non-toxic, tasteless and non-irritating to skin.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) also has excellent conditioning effects on hair.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) has viscoelastic properties.
A study found that that the 100 % Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a safe and highly effective head lice treatment for children and may serve as less toxic and less resistance-prone alternative to pesticide-containing products


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is an optically clear, odorless, and, in general, inert, non-reactive, non-toxic, and non-flammable liquid.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100)'s good to know that in general silicones have long shelf lives because of their inertness and non-reactivity (see the list of unique properties of silicones at the bottom)


This is a 100 cSt silicone oil also called Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) or polydimethylsiloxane 100.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a light silicone oil that also come in different viscosities.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is responsible for imparting a silky, smooth texture to the products.


This odorless and colorless substance, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100), is great at binding the ingredients and keeping them from separating.
Additionally, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) works magic to help the makeup look even rather than cakey.
On skin and hair, this silicone-based ingredient, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100), forms a physical barrier to lock in hydration for extra nourishment.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) belongs to a group of organosilicon polymer compounds with the main ingredient being silicones.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a 100% active linear silicone polymer with a viscosity of only 10 cps.


Usually, linear silicones are large high-molecular polymers (polydimethylsiloxanes) and are viscous and more oil-like, whereas this special Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a non-viscous form.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a clear liquid, odorless.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, dispersible in oils & fats.
To put it more simply, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a type of silicone oil artificially prepared in the laboratory with countless outstanding properties that help it be used in most cosmetic products on the market today.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used helps skin retain moisture, Makes skin soft and smooth, Soothes skin, protects skin, Protect skin from sunlight, and Envelops hair for softness and shine.
The typical use level of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is 1-20% (up to 50% possible), add to oil phase of formulas or at the end of formula.


Do not heat Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) over 50°C (125°F).
For external use only.
Applications of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100): Hair & skin conditioning products as shampoos, conditioners, creams, lotions, but also color cosmetics.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a used skin protectant product.
In cosmetics, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used at a rate of about 0.5 - 5%.
In addition, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) also helps reduce foaming when mixing the product and stabilizes the ingredients in the product.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) helps the product when used on the skin or hair create a smooth, silky feeling without causing a greasy feeling.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) prevents water loss from the skin, thereby helping the skin become soft.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) helps prevent dry and cracked skin.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) belongs to a group of organosilicon polymer compounds with the main ingredient being silicones.
To put it more simply, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a type of silicone oil artificially prepared in the laboratory with countless outstanding properties that help it be used in most cosmetic products on the market today.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a clear, colorless, odorless and viscous liquid.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) belongs to the group of organosilicon polymer compounds commonly known as silicones, widely used thanks to its ability to create a smooth coating to protect the surface without causing a sticky feeling to the skin.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a silicone-based polymer derived from the hydrolysis and poly-condensation of chlorotrimethylsilane, ethyl chlorosilane, and phenyl chlorosilane.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a linear polysiloxane with both mono-functional and bifunctional groups.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is transparent, colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and non-volatile.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) exhibits excellent properties such as low freezing point, corrosion resistance to metals, good water and moisture resistance, low surface tension, and resistance to dilute acids and bases.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are referred to as silicones and is the most widely used silicon-based organic-polymer.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is particularly known for its unusual rheological or flow properties.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is optically clear and inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) encompasses polydimethylsiloxane and polymethyl phenyl siloxane.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used lubricants.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used thermostatic fluids (- 50 °C to + 200 °C).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used dielectric fluids (impregnation of paper for condensers).


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used anti-blotting products for photocopying machines.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used thinning and plastifying agents for RTV’s and silicone sealants.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used lubricating and heat protecting agents for textile threads (synthetic sewing threads).


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used ingredients in maintenance products (wax polishes, floor and furniture polishes, etc.).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used paint additives (anti-cratering, anti-floating/flooding and anti-scratching effects, etc.).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used water repellent treatment: Of powders (for paints and plastics), Of fibers: glass fibers.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used release agents (mould release of plastics and metal castings).
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used surfactants for styrene-butadiene foam.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) may be considered for use in several industrial and consumer applications.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used heat and mechanical transfer fluid, hydraulic fluid electrical insulating fluid, water repellent, polish ingredient, mold release agent, lubricant, anti-foam, personal care ingredient, textile spin finishes, paints, and coatings additive.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is one of common ingredients in 2-in-1 shampoos because of many features, such as softness, water-repellency, reduces the surface tension and oxidation resistance and so on.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) has excellent conditioning function.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is an ideal material for 2-in-1 shampoos, body lotions, sun care washing and so on.
In shampoos, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can make hair softness, lubricity, hydrophobic so that the smoothness, bright and good combing functions can be achieved.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be well formulated with the low viscosity PDMS in personal care products to obtain better combing, extension and smoothness.
Applications of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100): Mechanical silicone oil, Textile agent, Sewing thread using silicone oil, and Dielectric coolant.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used as Insulation and damping fluid for electrical and electronic equipment


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used release agent, Foam control, Surfactant, and lubricant.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used ingredient for cosmetics and personal care preparations, polishes, and specialty chemicals
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used as Plastic additives.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100), like most silicones used in personal care products, creates a hydrophobic protective film on the skin.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is preferred to make creams, lotions and bath products easier to lubricate and spread on the skin.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) reduces the appearance and stickiness of saponification that may occur when products such as cream are rubbed onto the skin, and provides lubrication and softness.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used as a surfactant, antifoaming agent, carminative in various products such as medical devices, food products, and lubricants.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used in a number of health and beauty products including hair care products such as shampoo, conditioner, leave-in conditioner, and de-tangling products.


On skin, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is also observed to have moisturizing actions 6,8.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is widely used thanks to its ability to create a smooth coating that protects the surface without causing a sticky feeling on the skin, in skin care products,


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used as a softener, smooths the skin, and prevents dehydration and dry skin, creating shine and flexibility for the cream base.
In skin care products, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used in skin care products.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used as a softener, smooths skin, prevents dehydration and dry skin, creates shine and flexibility for cream foundation.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used Electronic Chemicals, Food Additives, Household, Industrial & Institutional Chemicals, Industrial Chemicals, Lubricant & Grease, Personal Care & Cosmetics, Polyurethane coatings, Polyurethane foams, Protective Coatings, Refrigerants, Blowing Agents & Propellants, Silicone Coatings, Silicones & Silanes, Surfactants & Emulsifiers, Textile Auxiliaries, Coatings, Emulsifiers, Paints, Polymers, Resins.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) acts as an emollient and thickener.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a long-lasting, non-comedogenic, non-greasy product which offers a range of benefits that include improved spreadability, lubricity, shine, and perceived and/or clinical skin protection.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) provides smooth feeling, water resistance and reduces eyes and skin irritation.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) helps in stabilize foam.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) delivers soft conditioned feel, thermal protection, wet & dry combing and shine when used in hair care products.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used Component of defoamers, Ingredient in water-repellent coatings, Plasticizer in silicone sealants, Stamp resin in the procedure of soft-lithography, Lubricant in condoms, A component in silicone grease, A component in heat-transfer fluids, A component in mold-release agents, and Sorbent for the analysis of head-space.


Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used water Treatment Chemicals, Rubber Auxiliary Agents, Plastic Auxiliary Agents, Coating Auxiliary Agents, Textile Auxiliary Agents, Leather Auxiliary Agents, as Defoamer/Lubricant/Mold Release Agent/Coating
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is also used in skin care, color cosmetics, shower gels and shaving products.


-Application of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) in cosmetics:
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) helps skin retain moisture.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) makes skin soft and smooth.

Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) soothes skin, protects skin.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) protects skin from sunlight.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) envelops hair for softness and shine.


-In conditioner uses of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100):
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone.
This is one of the names belonging to a group of organosilica compounds.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is an indispensable cosmetic ingredient.



WHAT IS DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100) USED FOR?
The velvety texture of Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is a brilliant source for smoothening rough surfaces and forming a protective barrier for intense nourishment.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) works well in all sorts of cosmetic and skincare products.


*Skin care:
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) works best for oily skin as it provides a matte finish and a smooth texture.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) helps the skin retain water and moisturize to soothe dry and itchy skin.

Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) can be found in many kinds of moisturizers and creams.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) forms a protective layer on the surface to avoid loss of water – thus hydrating and acting as a protectant.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) also protects the surface from coming in contact with allergens or irritants.


*Hair care:
Hairstyling products, shampoos, and conditioners contain Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) as it coats the hair strands to retain moisture, hydrate, and give off a shiny, sleek look.
Further, Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) protects the hair from extreme heat and


*Cosmetic products:
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) improves the texture of cosmetics and allows them to spread evenly on the surface.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is non-comedogenic and hence does not block pores while filling in the fine lines and wrinkles to give a healthy and plump look



ORIGIN OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is obtained from Silicone under special treatments in a laboratory.
Since Silicone is one of the most abundant elements on the Earth, manufacturing Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) in large quantities becomes easy – making it a popular ingredient in the cosmetic industry.



WHAT DOES DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100) DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Moisturising
*Skin conditioning
*Skin protecting



SAFETY PROFILE OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is largely safe to use for skin and hair; however, it is best to perform a patch test prior to full application.



ALTERNATIVES OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
*COCOCAPRYLATE CAPRATE



FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
*EU REACH Registration
*Colorless and Odorless
*Cyclic Siloxanes (D4, D5, D6)<0.1%
*Very good resistance to high and low temperature
*Good combustion resistance
*Good dielectric properties
*Low surface tension
*High compressibility
*Absence of ageing upon exposure to atmospheric agents
*Good oxidation resistance
*Little change in viscosity with temperature
*Good resistance to high and prolonged shear stress



FUNCTIONS OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
*Anti-Foaming Agent,
*Emollient,
*Occlusive,
*Protective Agent



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
1. Smoothness & softness & hydrophobicity & good chemical stability & insulation property
2. High and low temperature resistance & high flash point.
3. Low freezing point (it can be chronically used in the temperature from -50℃ to +200 ℃).
4. Small viscosity-temperature coefficicent & big compression ratio & low surface tension.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
*Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) is used for its low viscosity in various liquid, low-viscous skin and hair care products
*Will take out the whitening of creams and lotions when rubbed into the skin
*Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) gives a non-greasy, dry feel
*Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) improves wet and dry combing and gives softness and a silky gloss to the hair
*Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) makes colors more dispersible (acts as solvent)



ADVANTAGES OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
- Transparent
- Non-greasy skin feel
- Excellent hydrophobicity
- Non-irritating to skin



STORAGE AND STABILITY OF DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) may be stored for 24 months from the date of manufacture in the unopened original container and at room temperature.
Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) should be protected from light, heat, oxygen and moisture.
Keep Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) container tightly closed.
Once opened, use Dimethicone 100 (PDMS 100) contents quickly.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
Formula: (CH₃)₃SiO(Si(CH₃)₂O)n
Melting point : −59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 101 °C(lit.)
density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.377(lit.)
Fp: >270 °C (518 °F)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Sparingly),
Toluene (Sparingly)
form: Oily Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.853
color: Clear colorless
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: PRACTICALLY INSOLUBLE

Merck: 14,8495
Dielectric constant: 2.7(Ambient)
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Dimethyl siloxanes and silicones (63148-62-9)
CAS #: 63148-62-9
MDL #: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: [-Si(CH3)2O-]n
Molecular Weight: 74.15
Merck: 148495.00
Harmonized Tariff Code: 3910.00
Appearance: colorless viscous liq.
Boiling Point: 140 °C/0.002 mmHg
Flash Point: >270 °C (518 °F)
Density: .96
n20/D: 1.40
Vapor Density: 1.00

Vapor Pressure: 5 mmHg
Boiling Pt: >140 °C (0.002 mmHg)) (lit.)
Density: 0.96 g/ml (25 °C)
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
CAS Number: 63148-62-9
Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid
Viscosity (25℃), cSt: 100±5
Density(25℃, g/cm3): 0.962 ~ 0.972
Refractive Index, 25℃: 1.4020~ 1.4040
Flash point, ℃: ≥250
Volatile (150℃/2h), %: ≤1.00
Acid Value(KOH), μg/g: ≤10.0

Appearance: Clear viscous liquid
Infrared spectrum: Conforms
Refractive index: 1.4020 to 1.4050 (20°C, 589 nm)
Color scale: ≤35 APHA
Viscosity: 95 to 105 cSt (at 25°C)
Volatiles: ≤0.5 % (200°C)
Appearance: White or of- white powder or crystlline power,odorless
Solubility: Very soluble in N,N-Dimethylformamide,
Soluble in methanol,
Sparingly soluble inglacial acetic acid,
Very slightly soluble inchloroform,
Practically insoluble in water.
Melting Point: 152°C~156°C



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMETHICONE 100 (PDMS 100):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


DIMETHICONE 100 CST
Dimethicone 100 CST is a clear colorless liquid.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a linear, non-reactive, and unmodified polydimethylsiloxane.


CAS Number: 63148-62-9
EC Number: 203-497-4 / 613-156-5 / 618-433-4
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: (CH₃)₃SiO(Si(CH₃)₂O)n



SYNONYMS:
Dimethicone Dimethyl Silicone Fluid Dimethyl Silicone Fluid 100 cSt, Dow Corning 200 Fluid 100 CST, Polydimethylsiloxane, Silicone Fluid DM 200/100 CST, T/N: TBF 9-100, Silicone Oil, Siloxanesand Silicones, di-Me, Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS, Dimethyl Fluid, Methylpolysiloxane, Methyl Silicone Oil, Silicone Fluid, Dimethicone, Polidimetilsiloxano, Dimethylpolysiloxane, PDMS, Silicone oil, Dimethicone



Dimethicone 100 CST is a polydimethylsiloxane polymer.
Dimethicone 100 CST spreads easily on both skin and hair, and it imparts a soft and velvety feel in personal care applications.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a clear colorless liquid.


Dimethicone 100 CST is a linear, non-reactive, and unmodified polydimethylsiloxane.
Dimethicone 100 CST has a broad range of uses in personal care formulations as an emollient.
Dimethicone 100 CST allows formulators to modify a product's spreadability and conditioning effects.


Dimethicone 100 CST is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
Dimethicone 100 CST has viscoelastic properties.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a transparent liquid of completely linear polydimethylsiloxane with high viscosity.


Dimethicone 100 CST is colorless, non-toxic, tasteless and non-irritating to skin.
Dimethicone 100 CST also has excellent conditioning effects on hair.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).


Dimethicone 100 CST has viscoelastic properties.
A study found that that the 100 % Dimethicone 100 CST is a safe and highly effective head lice treatment for children and may serve as less toxic and less resistance-prone alternative to pesticide-containing products


Dimethicone 100 CST has the ability to reduce whitening affect and stickiness of cosmetic products, allowing skin feel to be optimized.
Due to their flexible polymer backbone, dimethicones are highly permeable to gases (e.g. oxygen, water vapor), which allows respiration of the skin.
Dimethicone 100 CST is an optically clear, odorless, and, in general, inert, non-reactive, non-toxic, and non-flammable liquid.


Dimethicone 100 CST's good to know that in general silicones have long shelf lives because of their inertness and non-reactivity (see the list of unique properties of silicones at the bottom)
Dimethicone 100 CST is transparent, colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and non-volatile.


Dimethicone 100 CST exhibits excellent properties such as low freezing point, corrosion resistance to metals, good water and moisture resistance, low surface tension, and resistance to dilute acids and bases.
Dimethicone 100 CST belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are referred to as silicones and is the most widely used silicon-based organic-polymer.


Dimethicone 100 CST is particularly known for its unusual rheological or flow properties.
Dimethicone 100 CST is optically clear and inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable.
Dimethicone 100 CST is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane).


Dimethicone 100 CST encompasses polydimethylsiloxane and polymethyl phenyl siloxane.
This is a 100 cSt silicone oil also called Dimethicone 100 CST or polydimethylsiloxane 100.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a light silicone oil that also come in different viscosities.


Dimethicone 100 CST is responsible for imparting a silky, smooth texture to the products.
Usually, linear silicones are large high-molecular polymers (polydimethylsiloxanes) and are viscous and more oil-like, whereas this special Dimethicone 100 CST is a non-viscous form.


Dimethicone 100 CST is a clear liquid, odorless.
Dimethicone 100 CST is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, dispersible in oils & fats.
To put it more simply, Dimethicone 100 CST is a type of silicone oil artificially prepared in the laboratory with countless outstanding properties that help it be used in most cosmetic products on the market today.


Dimethicone 100 CST is vegan suitable.
This odorless and colorless substance, Dimethicone 100 CST, is great at binding the ingredients and keeping them from separating.
Additionally, Dimethicone 100 CST works magic to help the makeup look even rather than cakey.


On skin and hair, this silicone-based ingredient, Dimethicone 100 CST, forms a physical barrier to lock in hydration for extra nourishment.
Dimethicone 100 CST belongs to a group of organosilicon polymer compounds with the main ingredient being silicones.
Dimethicone 100 CST in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.


Dimethicone 100 CST is a 100% active linear silicone polymer with a viscosity of only 10 cps.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a linear polydimethylsiloxane, it is colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-irritating.
Dimethicone 100 CST belongs to a group of organosilicon polymer compounds with the main ingredient being silicones.


To put it more simply, Dimethicone 100 CST is a type of silicone oil artificially prepared in the laboratory with countless outstanding properties that help it be used in most cosmetic products on the market today.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a clear, colorless, odorless and viscous liquid.


Dimethicone 100 CST belongs to the group of organosilicon polymer compounds commonly known as silicones, widely used thanks to its ability to create a smooth coating to protect the surface without causing a sticky feeling to the skin.


Dimethicone 100 CST is a silicone-based polymer derived from the hydrolysis and poly-condensation of chlorotrimethylsilane, ethyl chlorosilane, and phenyl chlorosilane.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a linear polysiloxane with both mono-functional and bifunctional groups.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST acts as a protecting and de-soaping agent.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used for external use only.
Applications of Dimethicone 100 CST: Hair & skin conditioning products as shampoos, conditioners, creams, lotions, but also color cosmetics.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used skin protectant product.
In cosmetics, Dimethicone 100 CST is used at a rate of about 0.5 - 5%.
In addition, Dimethicone 100 CST also helps reduce foaming when mixing the product and stabilizes the ingredients in the product.


Dimethicone 100 CST is a polydimethylsiloxane fluid and is tasteless, odorless and non-toxic.
Dimethicone 100 CST imparts soft & velvety skin feel and spreads easily on both skin & hair.
Dimethicone 100 CST offers detackification, increased glide & payout, non-occlusive, reduced greasiness & tackiness and wet combing.


Dimethicone 100 CST provides smooth feeling, water resistance and reduces eyes and skin irritation.
Dimethicone 100 CST helps in stabilize foam.
Dimethicone 100 CST delivers soft conditioned feel, thermal protection, wet & dry combing and shine when used in hair care products.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used Component of defoamers, Ingredient in water-repellent coatings, Plasticizer in silicone sealants, Stamp resin in the procedure of soft-lithography, Lubricant in condoms, A component in silicone grease, A component in heat-transfer fluids, A component in mold-release agents, and Sorbent for the analysis of head-space.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used water Treatment Chemicals, Rubber Auxiliary Agents, Plastic Auxiliary Agents, Coating Auxiliary Agents, Textile Auxiliary Agents, Leather Auxiliary Agents, as Defoamer/Lubricant/Mold Release Agent/Coating
Dimethicone 100 CST is also used in skin care, color cosmetics, shower gels and shaving products.


Dimethicone 100 CST provides ease of application, and prevents foaming during rubout.
Moreover, Dimethicone 100 CST gives ease of buffering, color enhancement, high water repellency, high compressibility and high shearability without breakdown.


Dimethicone 100 CST exhibits high spreadability, compatibility, low environmental & fire hazard, low reactivity & vapour pressure, good heat stability and low surface energy.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used helps skin retain moisture, Makes skin soft and smooth, Soothes skin, protects skin, Protect skin from sunlight, and Envelops hair for softness and shine.


The typical use level of Dimethicone 100 CST is 1-20% (up to 50% possible), add to oil phase of formulas or at the end of formula.
Do not heat Dimethicone 100 CST over 50°C (125°F).
Dimethicone 100 CST is used anti-blotting products for photocopying machines.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used thinning and plastifying agents for RTV’s and silicone sealants.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used lubricating and heat protecting agents for textile threads (synthetic sewing threads).
Dimethicone 100 CST is used as a softener, smooths the skin, and prevents dehydration and dry skin, creating shine and flexibility for the cream base.


In skin care products, Dimethicone 100 CST is used in skin care products.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used as a softener, smooths skin, prevents dehydration and dry skin, creates shine and flexibility for cream foundation.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used Electronic Chemicals, Food Additives, Household, Industrial & Institutional Chemicals, Industrial Chemicals, Lubricant & Grease, Personal Care & Cosmetics, Polyurethane coatings, Polyurethane foams, Protective Coatings, Refrigerants, Blowing Agents & Propellants, Silicone Coatings, Silicones & Silanes, Surfactants & Emulsifiers, Textile Auxiliaries, Coatings, Emulsifiers, Paints, Polymers, Resins.


Dimethicone 100 CST acts as an emollient and thickener.
Dimethicone 100 CST is a long-lasting, non-comedogenic, non-greasy product which offers a range of benefits that include improved spreadability, lubricity, shine, and perceived and/or clinical skin protection.


Dimethicone 100 CST helps the product when used on the skin or hair create a smooth, silky feeling without causing a greasy feeling.
Dimethicone 100 CST prevents water loss from the skin, thereby helping the skin become soft.
Dimethicone 100 CST helps prevent dry and cracked skin.


Dimethicone 100 CST finds application in formulating hand creams and lotions to form an effective barrier and a more uniform film.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used lubricants.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used thermostatic fluids (- 50 °C to + 200 °C).


Dimethicone 100 CST is used dielectric fluids (impregnation of paper for condensers).
Dimethicone 100 CST is used for skin care products, hair, cream, serum, conditioners, lotions, milk, decorative cosmetics, sunscreen cosmetics.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used ingredients in maintenance products (wax polishes, floor and furniture polishes, etc.).


Dimethicone 100 CST is used paint additives (anti-cratering, anti-floating/flooding and anti-scratching effects, etc.).
Dimethicone 100 CST is used water repellent treatment: Of powders (for paints and plastics), Of fibers: glass fibers.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used release agent, Foam control, Surfactant, and lubricant.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used ingredient for cosmetics and personal care preparations, polishes, and specialty chemicals
Dimethicone 100 CST is used as Plastic additives.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used as a surfactant, antifoaming agent, carminative in various products such as medical devices, food products, and lubricants.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used in a number of health and beauty products including hair care products such as shampoo, conditioner, leave-in conditioner, and de-tangling products.
On skin, Dimethicone 100 CST is also observed to have moisturizing actions 6,8.


Dimethicone 100 CST is widely used thanks to its ability to create a smooth coating that protects the surface without causing a sticky feeling on the skin, in skin care products,
Dimethicone 100 CST is used as personal care ingredients for skin care and color cosmetics.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used active ingredient in a variety of automotive, furniture, metal and specialty polishes in paste, emulsion and solvent-based polishes and aerosols.
Various applications of Dimethicone 100 CST is including cosmetic ingredient, elastomer and plastics lubricant, electrical insulating fluid, foam preventive or breaker, mechanical fluid, mold release agent, surface active agent, and solvent-based finishing and fat liquoring of leather.


For a high affinity with skin, Dimethicone 100 CST can be used in the skin care products to obtain silk like smooth feel.
Dimethicone 100 CST, like most silicones used in personal care products, creates a hydrophobic protective film on the skin.
Dimethicone 100 CST is preferred to make creams, lotions and bath products easier to lubricate and spread on the skin.


Dimethicone 100 CST reduces the appearance and stickiness of saponification that may occur when products such as cream are rubbed onto the skin, and provides lubrication and softness.
As a carrier, Dimethicone 100 CST can provide better silky feel and enhance the long-lasting performance of other active ingredients on skin.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used release agents (mould release of plastics and metal castings).
Dimethicone 100 CST is used surfactants for styrene-butadiene foam.
Dimethicone 100 CST may be considered for use in several industrial and consumer applications.


Dimethicone 100 CST is used heat and mechanical transfer fluid, hydraulic fluid electrical insulating fluid, water repellent, polish ingredient, mold release agent, lubricant, anti-foam, personal care ingredient, textile spin finishes, paints, and coatings additive.
Dimethicone 100 CST is one of common ingredients in 2-in-1 shampoos because of many features, such as softness, water-repellency, reduces the surface tension and oxidation resistance and so on.


Dimethicone 100 CST has excellent conditioning function.
Dimethicone 100 CST is an ideal material for 2-in-1 shampoos, body lotions, sun care washing and so on.
In shampoos, Dimethicone 100 CST can make hair softness, lubricity, hydrophobic so that the smoothness, bright and good combing functions can be achieved.


Dimethicone 100 CST can be well formulated with the low viscosity PDMS in personal care products to obtain better combing, extension and smoothness.
Applications of Dimethicone 100 CST: Mechanical silicone oil, Textile agent, Sewing thread using silicone oil, and Dielectric coolant.
Dimethicone 100 CST is used as Insulation and damping fluid for electrical and electronic equipment.


-In conditioner uses of Dimethicone 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST is also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone.
This is one of the names belonging to a group of organosilica compounds.
Dimethicone 100 CST is an indispensable cosmetic ingredient.


-Application of Dimethicone 100 CST in cosmetics:
Dimethicone 100 CST helps skin retain moisture.
Dimethicone 100 CST makes skin soft and smooth.
Dimethicone 100 CST soothes skin, protects skin.
Dimethicone 100 CST protects skin from sunlight.
Dimethicone 100 CST envelops hair for softness and shine.



HOW TO USE DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST can be directly used by mixing with oil phase in formulations.
For the volatility, processing temperature should be below 50℃.
The preferred HLB value of Dimethicone 100 CST is 10-11 in O/W emulsion.
The recommended usage level of Dimethicone 100 CST is 0.5-20%.



WHAT IS DIMETHICONE 100 CST USED FOR?
The velvety texture of Dimethicone 100 CST is a brilliant source for smoothening rough surfaces and forming a protective barrier for intense nourishment.
Dimethicone 100 CST works well in all sorts of cosmetic and skincare products.


*Skin care:
Dimethicone 100 CST works best for oily skin as it provides a matte finish and a smooth texture.
Dimethicone 100 CST helps the skin retain water and moisturize to soothe dry and itchy skin.

Dimethicone 100 CST can be found in many kinds of moisturizers and creams.
Dimethicone 100 CST forms a protective layer on the surface to avoid loss of water – thus hydrating and acting as a protectant.
Dimethicone 100 CST also protects the surface from coming in contact with allergens or irritants.


*Hair care:
Hairstyling products, shampoos, and conditioners contain Dimethicone 100 CST as it coats the hair strands to retain moisture, hydrate, and give off a shiny, sleek look.
Further, Dimethicone 100 CST protects the hair from extreme heat and


*Cosmetic products:
Dimethicone 100 CST improves the texture of cosmetics and allows them to spread evenly on the surface.
Dimethicone 100 CST is non-comedogenic and hence does not block pores while filling in the fine lines and wrinkles to give a healthy and plump look



FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
*EU REACH Registration
*Cyclic Siloxanes (D4, D5, D6)<0.1%
*Excellent spreading ability
*Excellent hydrophobic and gas permeability
*Good spreading ability
*Silky skin feel
*Non-greasy
*Non-occlusive
*Non-stinging on skin



ORIGIN OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST is obtained from Silicone under special treatments in a laboratory.
Since Silicone is one of the most abundant elements on the Earth, manufacturing Dimethicone 100 CST in large quantities becomes easy – making it a popular ingredient in the cosmetic industry.



WHAT DOES DIMETHICONE 100 CST DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Moisturising
*Skin conditioning
*Skin protecting



SAFETY PROFILE OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST is largely safe to use for skin and hair; however, it is best to perform a patch test prior to full application.



FUNCTION OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST can be used in the treatment of head lice on the scalp and dimethicone is used widely in skin-moisturizing lotions where it is listed as an active ingredient whose purpose is "skin protection."
Some cosmetic formulations use Dimethicone 100 CST and related siloxane polymers in concentrations of use up to 15%.



ALTERNATIVES OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
*COCOCAPRYLATE CAPRATE



FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
*EU REACH Registration
*Colorless and Odorless
*Cyclic Siloxanes (D4, D5, D6)<0.1%
*Very good resistance to high and low temperature
*Good combustion resistance
*Good dielectric properties
*Low surface tension
*High compressibility
*Absence of ageing upon exposure to atmospheric agents
*Good oxidation resistance
*Little change in viscosity with temperature
*Good resistance to high and prolonged shear stress



FUNCTIONS OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
*Anti-Foaming Agent,
*Emollient,
*Occlusive,
*Protective Agent



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
*Non-comedogenic (won't clog pores)
*Light and non-greasy
*Forms a breathable, protective film over the skin to protect against TEWL (transepidermal water loss)
*Adds soft and supple texture to finished products
*Reduces tackiness
*Reduces whitening/soaping effect that occurs during application of creams and lotions
*Enhances spreadability
*Suitable for many different skin care, sun care, and makeup applications



FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Intended use softens the skin, improves the distribution of the product on the surface, reduces grease and stickiness, has a lubricating ability, does not affect the degree of moisture evaporation from the skin



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
1. Smoothness & softness & hydrophobicity & good chemical stability & insulation property
2. High and low temperature resistance & high flash point.
3. Low freezing point (it can be chronically used in the temperature from -50℃ to +200 ℃).
4. Small viscosity-temperature coefficicent & big compression ratio & low surface tension.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
*Dimethicone 100 CST is used for its low viscosity in various liquid, low-viscous skin and hair care products
*Will take out the whitening of creams and lotions when rubbed into the skin
*Dimethicone 100 CST gives a non-greasy, dry feel
*Dimethicone 100 CST improves wet and dry combing and gives softness and a silky gloss to the hair
*Dimethicone 100 CST makes colors more dispersible (acts as solvent)



ADVANTAGES OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
- Transparent
- Non-greasy skin feel
- Excellent hydrophobicity
- Non-irritating to skin



LABELING CLAIMS OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Allergen-free, Animal Products-free, BSE-free, Buy Now, CMR Substances-free, Endocrine Disruptor-free, Halal, Irradiation-free, Kosher, Nanomaterials-free, Non-GMO, Non-Hazardous, Not Listed In California Proposition 65, Odor-free, Palm Oil-free, Porcine-free, Preservative-free, SVHC Chemicals-free, Solvent-free, TSE-free, Vegan



BENEFIT CLAIMS OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Compatibility, Conditioning, Degreasing, Detangling, Dry Feel, Easy Application, Emolliency, Enhanced Slip, Good Dry Combing, Good Wet Combing, Heat Stability, Lubricating, Non-Occlusive, Non-Tacky, Rapid Absorption, Reduces Stickiness, Rub Resistant, Sensory Enhancement, Shine & Radiance, Silky Feel, Smooth Feel, Soft Feel, Spreadability, Substantivity, Thermal Stability, Water Repellency



STORAGE AND STABILITY OF DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Dimethicone 100 CST may be stored for 24 months from the date of manufacture in the unopened original container and at room temperature.
Dimethicone 100 CST should be protected from light, heat, oxygen and moisture.
Keep Dimethicone 100 CST container tightly closed.
Once opened, use Dimethicone 100 CST contents quickly.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
Appearance: White or of- white powder or crystlline power,odorless
Solubility: Very soluble in N,N-Dimethylformamide,
Soluble in methanol,
Sparingly soluble inglacial acetic acid,
Very slightly soluble inchloroform,
Practically insoluble in water.
Melting Point: 152°C~156°C
Appearance: Colorless and odorless transparent liquid
Viscosity (25℃, cSt): 100±5
Density (25℃, g/cm3): 0.958~0.968
Refractive Index, 25℃: 1.4020~1.4040
Flash Point, ℃: ≥310
Volatile (150℃, 2h), %: <0.5
MDL Number: MFCD00132673

Formula: (CH₃)₃SiO(Si(CH₃)₂O)n
Melting point : −59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 101 °C(lit.)
density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.377(lit.)
Fp: >270 °C (518 °F)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Sparingly),
Toluene (Sparingly)

form: Oily Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.853
color: Clear colorless
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: PRACTICALLY INSOLUBLE
Merck: 14,8495
Dielectric constant: 2.7(Ambient)
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Dimethyl siloxanes and silicones (63148-62-9)
CAS #: 63148-62-9

MDL #: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: [-Si(CH3)2O-]n
Molecular Weight: 74.15
Merck: 148495.00
Harmonized Tariff Code: 3910.00
Appearance: colorless viscous liq.
Boiling Point: 140 °C/0.002 mmHg
Flash Point: >270 °C (518 °F)
Density: .96
n20/D: 1.40
Vapor Density: 1.00
Vapor Pressure: 5 mmHg
Boiling Pt: >140 °C (0.002 mmHg)) (lit.)
Density: 0.96 g/ml (25 °C)

MDL Number: MFCD00132673
CAS Number: 63148-62-9
Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid
Viscosity (25℃), cSt: 100±5
Density(25℃, g/cm3): 0.962 ~ 0.972
Refractive Index, 25℃: 1.4020~ 1.4040
Flash point, ℃: ≥250
Volatile (150℃/2h), %: ≤1.00
Acid Value(KOH), μg/g: ≤10.0
Appearance: Clear viscous liquid
Infrared spectrum: Conforms
Refractive index: 1.4020 to 1.4050 (20°C, 589 nm)
Color scale: ≤35 APHA
Viscosity: 95 to 105 cSt (at 25°C)
Volatiles: ≤0.5 % (200°C)



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMETHICONE 100 CST:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is an emollient used in cosmetics, lotions and creams.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil improves the feel and texture of heavier creams and lotions.


CAS Number: 63148-62-9
EC Number: 203-497-4 / 613-156-5 / 618-433-4
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: (CH₃)₃SiO(Si(CH₃)₂O)n



Dimethylpolysiloxane, PDMS, Silicone oil, Dimethyl Fluid, Methyl Silicone Oil, Dimethicone, Polidimetilsiloxano,


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used active ingredient in a variety of automotive, furniture, metal and specialty polishes in paste, emulsion and solvent-based polishes and aerosols.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is a 100% active linear silicone polymer with a viscosity of only 10 cps.


Usually, linear silicones are large high-molecular polymers (polydimethylsiloxanes) and are viscous and more oil-like, whereas this special dimethicone is a non-viscous form.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is a vegan, medium to lightweight silicone oil.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is an emollient used in cosmetics, lotions and creams.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil improves the feel and texture of heavier creams and lotions.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is generally a colorless (or light yellow), odorless, non-toxic, non-volatile liquid.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is insoluble in water.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil has a wide range of viscosities (5 cps to 8 million cps), from very flowable liquids to thick semi-solids, widely used in various applications.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is a colorless and transparent new polymer materials, a variety of different viscosities (5cps ~ 2million cps), the liquid from flowing easily into a thick semi-solid material.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil has a special smoothness, softness, hydrophobicity, good chemical stability, excellent electrical insulation and resistance to high temperature.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil has high flash point, low freezing point, long-term using between -50 ℃ ~ +200 ℃, low viscosity-temperature coefficient, high compression ratio, low surface tension, water-repellent moisture resistance, low heat conduction coefficient.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is a 100% active linear silicone polymer with a viscosity of only 10 cps.


Usually, linear silicones are large high-molecular polymers (polydimethylsiloxanes) and are viscous and more oil-like, whereas this special Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is a non-viscous form.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used for its low viscosity in various liquid, low-viscous skin and hair care products.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil will take out the whitening of creams and lotions when rubbed into the skin.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil gives a non-greasy, dry feel.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil improves wet and dry combing and gives softness and a silky gloss to the hair.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil makes colors more dispersible (acts as solvent).
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used cosmetic ingredient, elastomer and palstics lubricant, electrical insulating fluid, foam prevenative or breaker, mechanical fluid, mold release agent, surface active agent, and solvent-based finishing and fat liquiring of leather.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used colouring, Conditioning, Cleansing, shampoos.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil can be used in 50~180oC temperature, widely used as insulation, lubrication, shock, dustproof oil, dielectric liquid and heat carrier.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used as foam, uncoating, paint and daily cosmetics additives, etc.
Because Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil have special and excellent physical and chemical function, it can be used in many different industries.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used cosmetic industry for skin care cream, bath gel, shampoo and other cosmetic formulations with excellent softness and silky feel.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used rubber, plastic, latex, polyurethane, light industry: as a model release agent, brightener agent and release agent of some rubber, plastic, latex , polyurethane products and handicraft production.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used machinery, automotive, instrumentation, electronics and other industries used as high-grade lubricants, liquid springs, cutting fluids, buffers oil, transformer oil, high temperature brake fluid, brake fluid, instrumentation damping oil, mold release agents and other modeling framework.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used textile, apparel industry as a softener, water repellent, feel modifiers, sewing thread lubrication, chemical fiber spinneret pressure lubrication and clothing lining additives.
Add Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil to other additives in leather and leather chemicals industry, it can be used as softeners, water repellent, feel agents, defoamers, brighteners.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used pharmaceutical, food, chemical, paint , building materials industry as defoamers, lubricants, and other weather-resistant paint.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used other specific purposes and other new materials.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is used for its low viscosity in various liquid, low-viscous skin and hair care products.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil will take out the whitening of creams and lotions when rubbed into the skin.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil gives a non-greasy, dry feel.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil is an active ingredient in a variety of automotive, furniture, metal and specialty polishes in paste, emulsion and solvent-based polishes and aerosols.
Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil improves wet and dry combing and gives softness and a silky gloss to the hair.


Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil makes colors more dispersible (acts as solvent).
Applications of Dimethicone 100 Silicone Oil include cosmetic ingrediet, elastomer and plastics lubricant, electrical insulating fluid, foam preventive or breaker, mechanical fluid, mold release agent, surface active agent, and solvent-based finishing and fat liquoring of leather.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
Ease of application, rubout and buffing; enhances color; high water repellency; high compressbility; high shearability and breakdown; high spreadability and compatibility; low environment hazard; low fire hazard; low reactivity and vapor pressure; low surface energy; good heat stability; essentally odorless, tasteless and nontoxic; soluble in a wide range of solvents for personal care applications; de-soaping (prevents foaming during rubout) for industrial applications; high dielectric strength; high damping action; oxidation, chemical and water resistant



FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES OF DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
1. Smoothness & softness & hydrophobicity & good chemical stability & insulation property.
2. High and low temperature resistance & high flash point.
3. Low freezing point (it can be chronically used in the temperature from **0℃ to ***0 ℃).
4. Small viscosity-temperature coefficicent & big compression ratio & low surface tension.



INGREDIENT BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
*Soothing, anti-inflammatory,
*Hair conditioning, frizz control,
*Exfoliating, resurfacing, smoothing,
*Blurring, soft focus, pore minimising



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
Formula: (CH₃)₃SiO(Si(CH₃)₂O)n
Melting point : −59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 101 °C(lit.)
density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.377(lit.)
Fp: >270 °C (518 °F)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Sparingly),
Toluene (Sparingly)
form: Oily Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.853
color: Clear colorless
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: PRACTICALLY INSOLUBLE

Merck: 14,8495
Dielectric constant: 2.7(Ambient)
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Dimethyl siloxanes and silicones (63148-62-9)
CAS #: 63148-62-9
MDL #: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: [-Si(CH3)2O-]n
Molecular Weight: 74.15
Merck: 148495.00
Harmonized Tariff Code: 3910.00
Appearance: colorless viscous liq.
Boiling Point: 140 °C/0.002 mmHg
Flash Point: >270 °C (518 °F)
Density: .96
n20/D: 1.40
Vapor Density: 1.00

Vapor Pressure: 5 mmHg
Boiling Pt: >140 °C (0.002 mmHg)) (lit.)
Density: 0.96 g/ml (25 °C)
MDL Number: MFCD00132673
CAS Number: 63148-62-9
Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid
Viscosity (25℃), cSt: 100±5
Density(25℃, g/cm3): 0.962 ~ 0.972
Refractive Index, 25℃: 1.4020~ 1.4040
Flash point, ℃: ≥250
Volatile (150℃/2h), %: ≤1.00
Acid Value(KOH), μg/g: ≤10.0

Appearance: Clear viscous liquid
Infrared spectrum: Conforms
Refractive index: 1.4020 to 1.4050 (20°C, 589 nm)
Color scale: ≤35 APHA
Viscosity: 95 to 105 cSt (at 25°C)
Volatiles: ≤0.5 % (200°C)
Appearance: White or of- white powder or crystlline power,odorless
Solubility: Very soluble in N,N-Dimethylformamide,
Soluble in methanol,
Sparingly soluble inglacial acetic acid,
Very slightly soluble inchloroform,
Practically insoluble in water.
Melting Point: 152°C~156°C

Flash Point, Closed Cup: >100 °C
Flash Point, Open Cup: >326 °C
Foaming Medium: Non-Aqueous
Functionality: Dimethyl
Kentic/Kinematic Viscosity: 100 Centistokes
pH Effectiveness Range: 3-10
Pour Point: -65 °C
Refractive Index: 1.403
Service High Temperature: 200 °C
Service Low Temperature: -40 °C
Specific Gravity @ 25°C: 0.964
Surface Tension (1" actives, 25°C): 20.9mN/m
Thermal Conductivity: 0.155 W/m - K
Use Temperature: Below 90C



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMETHICONE 100 SILICONE OIL:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


DIMETHICONE 100/1000/350
DIMETHYL CARBONATE, N° CAS : 616-38-6, Nom INCI : DIMETHYL CARBONATE, Nom chimique : Carbonic acid, dimethyl ester, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 210-478-4. Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit. Agent propulseur : Génère de la pression dans un emballage en aérosol, expulsant le contenu lorsque la vanne est ouverte. Certains propulseurs liquéfiés peuvent agir comme solvants. Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances. Noms français : Carbonate de diméthyle Carbonate de méthyle Carbonic acid, dimethyl ester Methyl carbonate Noms anglais : Dimethyl carbonate
DIMETHICONE 1000
Dimethicone 1000 is a light silicone oil with medium density.
Dimethicone 1000 is an excellent cosmetic ingredient for skin and hair care, with a wide range of applications.
Dimethicone 1000 is a colorless, odorless, non-volatile and neutral silicone oil produced on the basis of silica, and is a multi-molecular organosilicon combination.


CAS Number: 9006-65-9 / 63148-62-9
EC Number: 203-492-7
Molecular Formula: C6H18OSi2(C2H6OSi)n


Dimethicone 1000 is a colorless and clear oily liquid, odorless or almost odorless, and tasteless.
Dimethicone 1000 is very soluble in chloroform, ether or toluene, and insoluble in water and ethanol.
Dimethicone 1000 is a clear liquid, odorless.


Dimethicone 1000 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Dimethicone 1000 is a 100% active linear silicone polymer with a viscosity of only 10 cps.
Usually, linear silicones are large high-molecular polymers (polydimethylsiloxanes) and are viscous and more oil-like, whereas this special dimethicone is a non-viscous form.


Dimethicone 1000 is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, dispersible in oils & fats.
Dimethicone 1000 is a medium viscosity additive, light silicone oil, derived from sand and quartz.
Typical use level of Dimethicone 1000 is 0.5% to 5.0% depending on the type of formulation desired.


Typical use level 1-20% (up to 50% possible), add to oil phase of formulas or at the end of formula.
Dimethicone 1000 is a light silicone oil with medium density.
Dimethicone 1000 is an excellent cosmetic ingredient for skin and hair care, with a wide range of applications.


Dimethicone 1000 provides natural hydration, adds softness, lightness and lubricity to cosmetics, and reduces stickiness.
Dimethicone 1000provides the skin with a protective, breathable barrier.
Dimethicone 1000 is a colorless, odorless, non-volatile and neutral silicone oil produced on the basis of silica, and is a multi-molecular organosilicon combination.


Dimethicone 1000 is characterized by oleophobic, lipophobic and hydrophobic properties.
Dimethicone 1000 has a protective effect on tissues - protecting the skin and mucous membranes against external factors.
Dimethicone 1000 is physiologically neutral, has little reactivity and has no toxic effect.


These and other features make Dimethicone 1000 widely used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
Dimethicone 1000 has a viscosity of 1000 cSt (centistokes), is medium density and has excellent protective properties.
When applied to the skin or hair, Dimethicone 1000 provides a long-lasting soft and velvety effect.


Dimethicone 1000 perfectly improves lubricity and the feeling that occurs after applying cosmetics to the skin.
Dimethicone 1000 reduces greasiness and viscosity. Dimethicone 1000 reduces surface tension, which facilitates the application of products.
This is especially important in the case of fatty and heavy preparations.


Dimethicone 1000 belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones.
Dimethicone 1000 is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer, and is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties.
Dimethicone 1000 is optically clear, and, in general, is considered to be inert, non-toxic and non-flammable.


Dimethicone 1000 is occasionally called dimethicone and is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane).
Dimethicone 1000 also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or dimethicone, is a silicone polymer with a wide variety of uses, from cosmetics to industrial lubrication.


Its applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; Dimethicone 1000 is present, also, in shampoos (as dimethicone makes hair shiny and slippery), caulking, lubricating oils, and heat-resistant tiles.
At higher molecular weights, Dimethicone 1000 is a soft, compliant rubber or resin.


Dimethicone 1000 is a non-volatile silicone oil.
Dimethicone 1000 has a viscosity of 1000 centistrokes (medium thick), which is heavier.
Dimethicone 1000 has a special Low-Odor type, processed to reduce odor.


Dimethicone 1000 is a colourless silicone fluid widely used as an emollient in skin and haircare products.
Dimethicone 1000 has the ability to 'trap' moisture in the skin (or hair shaft) so is extremely useful in skin creams/lotions, hair shampoos/conditioners.
Dimethicone 1000 gives hair a 'silky' feel.


This version is a widely preferred version for many personal care products.
Dimethicone 1000 acts as a protecting agent.
Dimethicone 1000 is polydimethylsiloxane or silicone oil, offers medium thick viscosity and excellent barrier properties.


Dimethicone 1000 adds slip & glide, reduces tackiness and provides conditioning properties.
Dimethicone 1000 finds application in formulating hair- and skin care products.
Dimethicone 1000 is generally safe.


Dimethicone 1000 is a specific type of silicone oil, characterized by its viscosity of 1000 centistokes at 25°C.
As a silicone-based polymer, Dimethicone 1000 is widely recognized for its diverse applications, especially within the fields of personal care, cosmetics, and soap making.
Dimethicone 1000 is a medium viscosity, light silicone oil, derived from sand and quartz.


Dimethicones are a family of silicones which are differentiated between each other by their viscosity.
So a 100 CST is thinner than a 350 CST product and as a consequence feels lighter on the skin.
The range in viscosity for silicone fluids runs between 5 CST and 60,000 CST with the higher end ingredients being soft spongy gels and the lower end of the scale being volatile, light fluids.


At low imput levels it might not be possible to notice a difference in skin feel between the 100 CST and 350 CST product but for colour cosmetics and hair products the difference is more pronounced.
100 CST is better for hair care and 350 leaves a more pleasant cushioned feeling to the skin in colour applications.
In an emulsion either is suitable.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMETHICONE 1000:
Uses of Dimethicone 1000: Skin Moisturizers, Hair Conditioners, Shampoos, Makeup Primers, Sunscreen Lotions, Antiperspirants, Lipsticks, Eye Shadows, Silicone Greases, Anti-foaming Agents, Medical Ointments, Wound Care Products, Automotive Polishes, Fabric Softeners, Mechanical Lubricants.
Sunscreen Lotions: Utilized in sunscreen formulations, Dimethicone 1000 improves water resistance, aids in even distribution, and contributes to a non-greasy finish.


Industries uses of Dimethicone 1000: Cosmetics and Personal Care, Food Processing, Textile Manufacturing, Automotive, Industrial Lubrication, Electronics, Medical Devices, Surface Coatings and Polishes, Paper Manufacturing.
Dimethicone 1000 is used SSkin Care Products, Hair Conditioners, Makeup Foundations, Lubricants in Textile Manufacturing, Hydraulic Fluids, Mold Release Agents, Surface Protectants, Sealants, Medical Device Lubricants, Water-Repellent Treatments, Mechanical Fluids, Polishes.


Dimethicone 1000, like most of the silicones used in making cosmetics such as skin care, provides a hydrophobic, protective but, breathable barrier to skin while improving the spreading of lotions and creams.
Dimethicone 1000 is commonly used to improve the slip and glide of bath and body products which provides an easy solution for heavier, tacky creams and lotions.


Dimethicone 1000 imparts softness, lubricity and emolliency to formulations as it reduces whitening, soaping and stickiness during rub-in.
Dimethicone 1000 is used as a condensing agents of dropping pill Polishing and lubricating of tablets and capsules Ointment base Antifoaming agents of Chinese medicine extract Silicide of butyl rubber stoppers Lubrication and silicification of medical instrument.


Dimethicone 1000 is used for external use only.
Dimethicone 1000 is used hair & skin conditioning products as shampoos, conditioners, creams, lotions, but also color cosmetics.
Dimethicone 1000 is used skin protectant products.


Dimethicone 1000 is used active ingredient in a variety of automotive, furniture, metal and
specialty polishes in paste, emulsion and solvent-based polishes
and aerosols.


Various applications of Dimethicone 1000 including cosmetic ingredient, elastomer and plastics lubricant, electrical insulating fluid, foam preventive or breaker, mechanical fluid, mold release agent, surface active agent, and solvent-based finishing and fat liquoring of leather.
Dimethicone 1000 forms a delicate film on the surface of the skin and hair that protects against external factors and prevents water loss, while allowing the skin to breathe.


Moreover, Dimethicone 1000 prolongs the action of active ingredients, protecting them against the harmful effects of air or rapid evaporation from the skin and hair.
Dimethicone 1000 has softening and moisturizing properties.


Dimethicone 1000 improves wet and dry hair combing.
Dimethicone 1000 increases hair softness and shine.
Dimethicone 1000 prevents them from becoming electrified.


In care products and cosmetics, Dimethicone 1000 is recommended to use an amount of 1 - 30%, most often 2 - 3%.
Dimethicone 1000, like most of the silicones used in personal care, provides a hydrophobic, protective but, breathable barrier to skin while improving the spreading of lotions and creams.


Dimethicone 1000 is commonly used to improve the slip and glide of bath and body products which provides an easy solution for heavier, tacky creams and lotions.
Dimethicone 1000 imparts softness, lubricity and emolliency to formulations as it reduces whitening, soaping and stickiness during rub-in.


Dimethicone 1000 is a medium-thick viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 1000 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 1000 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.


This oil-soluble silicone, Dimethicone 1000, is an excellent cosmetic ingredient for skin care and hair care applications, with a wide variety of uses.
Dimethicone 1000 offers natural lubrication, adding more slip and glide to cosmetics, reducing tackiness on the skin and a sticky feeling in hair, improving hair's softness and reduces frizziness even in high humidity.


Dimethicone 1000 also helps to create a protective barrier on the skin, helping to protect it from harsh outside elements such as heat, sun damage and cold winds, as well as things such as free radicals.
As this silicone possesses natural emolliency, Dimethicone 1000 is an excellent addition to cosmetics such as conditioners, lotions and moisturisers as well as other leave-on and rinse-off applications. With a thicker viscosity,


Dimethicone 1000 creates a stronger, more protective barrier than ingredients such as Dimethicone 100 or 350.
Dimethicone 1000 is often added at the oil phase of a cosmetic formulation.
Dimethicone 1000 can also be used for art such as acrylic pouring as a replacement or substitute for silicone.


Uses for Dimethicone 1000 include (but are not limited to): Lotions, Creams, Moisturisers, Shampoos, Art Acrylic pouring.
Dimethicone 1000 is used for all kinds of products that require softness and smoothness such as skin creams, hair conditioners (cannot be used in water gels due to insoluble in water) to give a slippery feel (slip skin feel) when used.


Dimethicone 1000 is an elastomer with excellent optical, electrical and mechanical properties, which makes it well-suited for several engineering applications.
Dimethicone 1000 is recommended for hair care, skin care, and cosmetic products.


Dimethicone 1000 is used as personal care ingredients for skin care and color cosmetics.
Due to its biocompatibility, Dimethicone 1000 is widely used for biomedical purposes.
Some properties can be improved by adding additives.


Low-molecular weight Dimethicone 1000 is a liquid used in lubricants, antifoaming agents, and hydraulic fluids.
Dimethicone 1000 is used for mixing in cosmetics that require a skin feel, slippery when used (slip) can be used with both skin care products and hair care products.


Dimethicone 1000 will stick on the skin or hair to make it feel slippery including the use of pressing the dough pressed-powder so that the dough can stick together.
Dimethicone 1000 is typically found in hair & skin conditioning products as shampoos, conditioners, creams, lotions, as well as color cosmetics (e.g. lipsticks, lip balms, makeup).


Dimethicone 1000 fluid is a medium viscosity Dimethyl Polysiloxane used used in a variety of Personal Care and Industrial applications.
Dimethicone 1000 adds silky softness to hair formulations, improves spreadability and provides lubricity in lotions, is non-sticky, long-lasting, and improves water repellency.


-Skin Care Products:
Dimethicone 1000 serves as a fundamental ingredient in various skin care products.
Dimethicone 1000 imparts a silky, smooth texture, making the application seamless and pleasant.
Dimethicone 1000's ability to form a breathable barrier helps lock in moisture without clogging pores, contributing to soft and hydrated skin.


-Hair Care Products:
In shampoos and conditioners, Dimethicone 1000 coats the hair strands, providing shine and reducing frizz.
Dimethicone 1000 also aids in detangling, making hair easier to manage and style.


-Antiperspirants and Deodorants:
Its moisture-retaining and barrier-forming properties make Dimethicone 1000 a suitable ingredient in antiperspirants and deodorants, offering a comfortable and smooth application.


-Makeup Products:
Dimethicone 1000 is found in various makeup products, from primers to foundations, lipsticks, and eye shadows.
Dimethicone 1000 enhances spreadability, ensures an even application, and imparts a luxurious feel to the products.


-Soap Making Applications:
In the field of soap making, Dimethicone 1000 acts as a process aid, offering multiple benefits.
Dimethicone 1000's anti-foaming properties help minimize air bubbles during the manufacturing process.
Additionally, Dimethicone 1000's lubricating nature facilitates an easier release from molds, reducing the chances of tearing or imperfections in the final product.


-Skincare Products:
Thanks to its ability to seal in moisture and provide a smooth finish, Dimethicone 1000 is a popular choice in various skincare products.
Dimethicone 1000 can be found in moisturizers, lotions, serums, and face masks, where it helps enhance skin hydration and provide a silky touch.


-Haircare Formulations:
Dimethicone 1000 offers protective, smoothing, and shine-enhancing benefits to the hair.
Thus, Dimethicone 1000 is commonly incorporated into hair conditioners, serums, detanglers, and hair masks.
Dimethicone 1000's use ensures reduced frizz, added shine, and easier manageability.


-Makeup:
In the realm of cosmetics, Dimethicone 1000 is a prized ingredient, especially in foundations, primers, and certain lip products.
Dimethicone 1000 provides an even canvas by filling in fine lines and pores and improves the longevity and wear of makeup due to its water-repelling properties.


-Sunscreen Lotions:
The protective barrier properties of Dimethicone 1000 make it a valuable addition to sunscreen formulations.
Dimethicone 1000 aids in even distribution of the product on the skin and enhances the efficacy of sun-protective agents by forming a protective layer.


-Soap Making:
In the artisanal world of soap making, Dimethicone 1000 can be utilized to provide soaps with a silky lather and to act as a barrier agent.
This barrier function can help minimize moisture loss from the skin during use.


-Shaving Products:
For a smooth shave, products often include ingredients that can minimize friction.
Dimethicone 1000 serves this purpose in shaving creams and gels, ensuring the razor glides easily over the skin, reducing the risk of nicks and irritation.


-Antiperspirants and Deodorants:
To ensure smooth application and enhance the feel on the skin, Dimethicone 1000 is occasionally used in antiperspirants and deodorants.
Dimethicone 1000 helps in even distribution and can potentially improve the efficacy of the active ingredients.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
1. Sensory Enhancement
Dimethicone 1000 is renowned for the sensory benefits it brings to formulations.
Dimethicone 1000 offers a silky, velvety touch, enhancing the feel of products.
This ensures a smooth application, especially critical in makeup products where even and effortless spreading is essential.

2. Moisture Retention
Dimethicone 1000 acts as a barrier on the skin, helping to prevent moisture loss.
While Dimethicone 1000 doesn’t provide hydration itself, it effectively seals in the skin's existing moisture.
This makes Dimethicone 1000 an invaluable ingredient in skincare products aimed at maintaining skin hydration.

3. Non-comedogenic
High-quality Dimethicone 1000 doesn't clog pores, making it an excellent ingredient for skincare products, including those targeting acne-prone skin.
This ensures users can reap Dimethicone 1000's benefits without concerns of triggering breakouts.

4. Haircare Enhancement
Beyond skincare, its benefits extend to haircare, where Dimethicone 1000 provides a protective coating to the hair.
This shielding effect reduces potential damage from environmental factors, imparts a shiny finish, minimizes frizz, and facilitates easier combing or brushing.

5. Improved Makeup Longevity
Dimethicone 1000 is a staple in makeup formulations, particularly in foundations and primers.
Dimethicone 1000 assists in creating a more uniform surface by filling in fine lines and pores, and its water-repelling properties can extend the wear time of makeup, keeping it intact for longer durations.

6. Enhanced Product Spreadability
Dimethicone 1000's unique structure aids in distributing products more evenly over the skin or hair, ensuring optimal coverage and effectiveness.
Dimethicone 1000 is especially useful in products like sunscreens, where even distribution is crucial for adequate protection.



SUBSTITUTES FOR DIMETHICONE 1000:
Dimethicone 1000 is a specific viscosity of dimethicone, a type of silicone commonly used in cosmetic and skincare formulations.
Dimethicone 1000's known for its smooth texture, occlusive properties, and ability to form a protective barrier on the skin.
However, if you're looking for alternatives, there are several options available.



POTENTIAL SUBSTITUTES OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
Several ingredients can mimic or replace the properties of Dimethicone 1000 in formulations:

*Cyclopentasiloxane:
A volatile silicone that provides a silky feel similar to dimethicone.
It evaporates quickly, leaving a smooth finish on the skin.

*Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride:
Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, it's often used as an emollient and can provide a smooth feel to formulations.

*Broccoli Seed Oil:
Known as a natural alternative to silicone, this oil imparts a silky finish similar to that of dimethicone.

*Squalane:
Derived from olives or sugar cane, squalane offers moisturizing properties and a texture that can resemble that of silicones.



CONSIDERATIONS WHEN SUBSTITUTING OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
While these substitutes can provide similar benefits, it's essential to understand the nuances of each:

*Formulation Compatibility:
Always check if the substitute is compatible with other ingredients in your formulation.

*Finish:
While many substitutes offer a similar silky finish, the exact texture and feel can vary.

*Cost:
Some natural alternatives might be more expensive than Dimethicone 1000.

*Sustainability:
When opting for natural alternatives, ensure they're sourced sustainably.



USUAL RATE OF DIMETHICONE 1000 IN FORMULATIONS:
Dimethicone, specifically Dimethicone 1000, is a common silicone-based polymer used in cosmetic and personal care formulations for its smoothing and emollient properties.
Understanding the appropriate usage rate is crucial to achieve desired results without compromising product performance or safety.



RECOMMENDED USAGE RATE OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
The typical concentration of Dimethicone 1000 in cosmetic formulations ranges between:
*0.5% to 5% for skincare products such as creams and lotions.
*1% to 10% for hair care products like conditioners and serums.



FACTORS INFLUENCING USAGE RATE OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
Several factors might influence the exact amount of Dimethicone 1000 you'd want to incorporate:

*Desired Product Feel:
A higher concentration can result in a more pronounced silky or slippery feel, while a lower concentration might give a subtler effect.

*Compatibility:
Ensure Dimethicone 1000 works harmoniously with other ingredients in the formulation.

*Intended Application:
Different products, whether they are for the face, body, or hair, might require varying rates to achieve the desired outcome.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
*Some of the noteworthy benefits of Dimethicone 1000 in the personal care, cosmetics, and soap making industries include:
*Non-toxic and non-irritating, ensuring suitability for various skin types.
*Enhanced sensory attributes like silkiness and smoothness.
*Stability over a wide temperature range, making it versatile in different formulations.
*Improves the longevity and aesthetics of products by reducing tackiness and providing a cohesive texture.
*Chemically inert nature allows compatibility with various ingredients.
*Dimethicone 1000 is used for its low viscosity in various liquid, low-viscous skin and hair care products
*Dimethicone 1000 will take out the whitening of creams and lotions when rubbed into the skin
*Dimethicone 1000 gives a non-greasy, dry feel
*Dimethicone 1000 improves wet and dry combing and gives softness and a silky gloss to the hair
*Dimethicone 1000 makes colors more dispersible (acts as solvent)
*Aesthetic Modification
*Pigment Dispersion
*Moisturizing
*Conditioning
*Improves Texture



HOW TO USE DIMETHICONE 1000:
Dimethicone 1000 can be directly used by mixing with oil phase in formulations.
For the volatility, processing temperature should be below 50℃.
The preferred HLB value of Dimethicone 1000 is 10-11 in O/W emulsion.
The recommended usage level of Dimethicone 1000 is 0.5-20%.



FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
• Ease of application and rubout
• Ease of buffing
• Enhances color
• High water repellency
• High compressibility
• High shearability without breakdown
• High spreadability and compatibility
• Low environmental hazard
• Low fire hazard
• Low reactivity and vapor pressure
• Low surface energy
• Good heat stability
• Essentially odorless, tasteless and nontoxic
• Soluble in a wide range of solvents



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
*For personal care applications:
• Skin protection
• Imparts soft, velvety skin feel
• Spreads easily on both skin and hair
• De-soaping (prevents foaming during rubout)

*For industrial applications:
• High dielectric strength
• High damping action
• Oxidation-, chemical- and weather-resistant



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 1000:
*Non-toxic,
*Non-irritating,
*Stable over a wide temperature range,
*Moisture retaining,
*Emollient,
*Provides smooth and silky feel,
*Enhances spreadability,
*Improves skin and hair softness,
*Reduces tackiness,
*Provides a breathable barrier,
*Water repellent,
*Reduces surface tension,
*Chemically inert,
*Oxidatively stable.



THE BEST SILICONE FOR YOUR ACRYLICS:
Dimethicone 1000 for acrylic paint pouring has a 1000cSt viscosity, and has been tested by fluid artists to ensure it can provide intricate, amazing cell formations every time you add a drop.
Dimethicone 1000 is completely non-toxic, and has a high flash point, so it is safe to use with your torch while providing the ideal consistency for large, abundant cell patterns.
Dimethicone 1000 can be used with all brands of acrylic paints and pouring mediums including Liquitex (TM) Pouring Medium, Flood (TM) Floetrol paint additive or conditioner and more.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMETHICONE 1000:
Molecular Weight: 236.53
Appearance: Limpid liquid, with no extraneous matter
Colour (Hazen): 30 max.
Turbidity (NTU): 4 max.
Odour: None to slight
Heavy metals (Pb ; ppm): 5 max
Phenyl compounds (DO): 0.2 max.
Mineral oils (mg/kg: 0.1 max.
Identity (I.R. Spectrum): Conform
Specific gravity (25°C ; kg/m3): 970
Viscosity at 25°C (mm2/s): 900 – 1100
Refractive index at 25°C: 1.403
Surface tension (25°C; mN/m): 21.1
Flash point (closed cup) (°C): 300
Volatile matters (150°C-1g-2h ; %): 0.3 max.
Acidity (in NaOH - 0.01N ; ml, for neutralization of 2g product): 0.15 max.



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 1000:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 1000:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 1000:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMETHICONE 1000:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.
*Respiratory protection
Not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMETHICONE 1000:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMETHICONE 1000:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
DMF 5CS
Dimethicone 245
Xiameter PMX 200
KM 910
Dow Corning 200/100 cSt Fluid
Belsil DM 1000
Belsil DM 1 Plus
Dow Corning 365
Mirasil DME 30
Mirasil DME 2
E 1049
NYDA sensitiv,Dimeticone
Belsil DM 5
Dow Corning 1413
Dow Corning 200/5 cst
Silkonoel AK 500
Wacker-Belsil DM 1 Plus
DC 200-100cS
Dimethicone 350
PMX 200DC 1664
Mirasil DM 300000
Viscasil 5M
Clearocast 100
Momentive SE 30 Gum
M 620
Xiameter MEM 1664
Belsil DM 100
Viscasil 330000
DC 200-10cS
Dow Corning 365 Dimethicone NF Emulsion
Visosal 330M
Dimeticone
HL 88
Viscasil 330M
KF 96A50CS
Silicone Fluid 350
DC 100-350CS
NYDA
Dow Corning 1664
TSF 451-1MA
DC 200 Fluid
DC 1428
Belsil DM 35
DC 1618
Mirasil DM 350
EY 22-067
Xiameter 300
DC 5-2117
Dow Corning 5-2117
Dow Corning 1132
Dow Corning 200 Fluid 5cSt
Dow Corning 200 Fluid 350 c/s
Dow Corning 1618
DC 1132
Dow Corning 100-350CS
Dow Corning 5-7139
KHS 7
Belsil DM 1
Dow Corning 5-7137
Dow Corning 200/10CST
Hedrin
α-Trimethylsilyl-ω-methylpoly[oxy(dimethylsilanediyl)]
Mirasil DM 20
HL 999
Belsil DM 200
Aeropax
Dermafilm
Dimethicone
Dimethicream
Dimethylpoly-Siloxane
Latex
Silbar
polydimethylsiloxane trimethylsiloxy-terminated, belsil DM 1 plus
DIMETHICONE (1000 CST)
DIMETHICONE (1000 MPA.S)
DIMETHICONE 1000 [II]
DIMETICONE 1000
DIMETICONE 1000 [EP IMPURITY]
DOW CORNING 360 MEDICAL FLUID (1000 CST)
DOW CORNING Q7-9120 SILICONE FLUID (1000 CST)
SILCOREL(R) ADP1000 ANTIFOAM COMPOUND
SILICONE OIL DC 200
SILICONE FLUID
REDUCED VOLATILITY POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 158’000
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 16’000
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 173’000
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 1’850





DIMETHICONE 350

DESCRIPTION:
Dimethicone 350 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).



CAS Number: 9006-65-9
Product Format: Neat
Molecular Formula: C6 H18 O Si2(C2 H6 O Si)n
Molecular Weight: 236.53



Dimethicone 350 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.


Dimethicone 350 is a midweight silicone oil that is also a conditioning agent.
Dimethicone 350 provides silky, smooth feel to both skin and hair.
Dimethicone 350 is used in the beauty industry as a conditioner, skin and hair protector.
Dimethicone 350 can be used alone or as a carrier for other ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products.


Dimethicone 350 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).

Dimethicone 350 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.

Dimethicone 350 is Used at a rate of 1% to 30%, dimethicone conforms to the FDA's Tentative Final Monograph on OTC Skin Protectants.
However, provided you make no drug claims for it, dimethicone does not have to be declared as an active ingredient, nor does your product or facility need to conform to OTC drug production standards.
Dimethicone 350 can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order.

The CIR lists Dimethicone in the Cosmetic Ingredients Found Safe as Used in the following amounts:
Hair Care Preparations - up to 80%
Makeup - up to 24%

Dimethicone 350 is a silicone oil consisting of a mixture of fully methylated linear siloxane polymers end-blocking with trimethylsiloxy units.
Dimethicone 350 is Commonly used in skin and hair products.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.

Dimethicone 350 has a special smoothness, softness, hydrophobicity, good chemical stability, excellent electrical insulation and resistance to high temperature.

Dimethicone 350 is a type of silicone oil often used in hair conditioners and silky smooth effect .
As its molecules are too big to be absorbed too deeply into the skin, Dimethicone 350 is also useful as a skin barrier.
Recommended usage of Dimethicone 350 is approx. 0.2%.

Dimethicone 350 is a versatile addition to haircare products because of its softening and detangling abilities.
Derived from silica, Dimethicone 350 is also used in skin care products to protect against moisture loss by adding a protective layer to the skin.

Dimethicone 350 -its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica sand and quartz are silicas.

Dimethicone 350 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.
Dimethicone 350 can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order.


BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 Moisture Barrier For Skin Care Or Skin Protection Formulations
Dimethicone 350 Improves Application Properties
Dimethicone 350 is Non-Sticky

Dimethicone 350 is Good Emollient Properties
Dimethicone 350 has Elimination Of "Whitening" Effect

Dimethicone 350 Improves The Protection Of Skin Care And Skin Protection Preparations Against Aqueous Media.

Benefits In Hair Care:
Dimethicone 350 is Active Carrier
Dimethicone 350 is Anti Frizz
Dimethicone 350 is Conditioning

Dimethicone 350 is For Dry / Damaged Hair
Dimethicone 350 Improves Dry Combing
Dimethicone 350 Improves Wet Combing

Dimethicone 350 Improves Texture
Dimethicone 350 is Light Residue / Low Build Up
Dimethicone 350 is Soft / Supple Feel

Benefits In Skin Care:
• Cushion
• Film Forming Properties
• Lubrication
• Moisturizing
• Skin Protectant
• Spreadability
• Suitable For Clear Formulations
• Tack Reduction
• Wash Off Resistance
• Water Repellancy

APPLICATIONS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 is used in O/W Skin Care Creams And Lotions
Dimethicone 350 is used in W/O Skin Care Emulsions
Dimethicone 350 is used in Protective Hand Creams And Lotions

Dimethicone 350 is used in Wipes Formulations
Dimethicone 350 is used in Sun Protection Products
Dimethicone 350 is used in Aerosol Shave Lathers

Dimethicone 350 is used in MakeUp Preparations
Dimethicone 350 is used in Shampoos

Dimethicone 350 is used in Toilet Soaps
Dimethicone 350 is used in Antiperspirants


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIMETHICONE 350:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



DIMETHICONE 350
Dimethicone 350 is a type of silicone oil that is commonly used in personal care and cosmetic products.
Further, Dimethicone 350 is a clear, odorless, and non-greasy liquid that has a viscosity similar to that of mineral oil.

CAS Number: 63148-62-9.



APPLICATIONS


Dimethicone 350 has a variety of applications in different industries due to its unique properties.
Here are some of the common applications:

Personal care products:

Dimethicone 350 is widely used in personal care products such as skincare, hair care, and cosmetic products.
Furthermore, Dimethicone 350 acts as a lubricant and emollient, providing a smooth and silky feel to the skin and hair.
Dimethicone 350 is also used as a conditioning agent, preventing tangling and improving manageability.


Pharmaceuticals:

Dimethicone 350 is used in the production of some pharmaceutical products such as ointments, creams, and lotions.
Moreover, Dimethicone 350 helps to reduce the greasiness of these products and improve their spreadability.


Industrial applications:

Dimethicone 350 is used in various industrial applications, such as in the production of lubricants, mold release agents, and anti-foaming agents.
Besides, Dimethicone 350 is also used in the production of electronics, automotive, and aerospace products.


Food and beverage industry:

Dimethicone 350 is used as an anti-foaming agent in the food and beverage industry.
In addition, Dimethicone 350 helps to prevent foam formation during the production process and packaging of food and beverages.


Textile industry:

Dimethicone 350 is used as a lubricant in the textile industry.
More to that, Dimethicone 350 helps to reduce friction during textile production processes such as spinning, weaving, and knitting.


Agriculture:

Dimethicone 350 is used as a wetting and spreading agent in the agriculture industry.
Further to that, Dimethicone 350 helps to improve the effectiveness of pesticides and herbicides by enabling better coverage of the plant surfaces.


In addition to its applications in personal care and cosmetics, Dimethicone 350 is also commonly used in industrial and household products.


Here are some examples of other uses:

Dimethicone 350 is used as a lubricant and release agent in manufacturing processes for items such as rubber, plastics, and metal products.
In the automotive industry, Dimethicone 350 is used as an anti-foaming agent in coolant and antifreeze formulations.
In household products, Dimethicone 350 is used as an ingredient in furniture polish, automotive polish, and other cleaning products to enhance shine and provide water resistance.

In the food industry, Dimethicone 350 is used as an anti-foaming agent in the production of beer, soft drinks, and other carbonated beverages.
Dimethicone 350 is also used in the production of food packaging materials to prevent sticking and improve release properties.
Overall, the unique properties of Dimethicone 350 make it a versatile ingredient with a wide range of applications in various industries.


Dimethicone 350 is commonly used as a conditioning agent and emollient in various cosmetic and personal care products, such as lotions, creams, hair conditioners, and hair styling products.
Additionally, Dimethicone 350 can also be used as a lubricant in industrial applications, such as in the production of plastic and rubber materials.

In the textile industry, Dimethicone 350 can be used as a softening agent for fabrics.
Dimethicone 350 is also used in the formulation of various pharmaceutical and medical products, such as topical ointments and creams.

Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used in the food industry as an anti-foaming agent or lubricant for processing equipment.
Furthermore, Dimethicone 350 can be found in some automotive products, such as car wax, as a water-repelling agent and to provide a shiny finish.
Dimethicone 350 is also used in various household and cleaning products, such as furniture polish and anti-static sprays, to provide a smooth and protective coating.


Dimethicone 350 is commonly used in hair care products like shampoos, conditioners, and styling products.
Furthermore, Dimethicone 350 can also be found in skincare products like moisturizers, serums, and sunscreens.

Dimethicone 350 can help to improve the spreadability and texture of cosmetics and personal care products.
Moreover, Dimethicone 350 is often used in antiperspirants and deodorants to help prevent wetness and odor.
Dimethicone 350 can be found in a variety of industrial applications, such as lubricants and coatings.

Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used as a defoaming agent in the production of paper and textiles.
Besides, Dimethicone 350 can be used as a mold release agent in the manufacturing of plastics and rubber.

Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used as an additive in hydraulic fluids to improve their viscosity and reduce wear.
In addition, Dimethicone 350 can be found in automotive care products like polishes and waxes.

Dimethicone 350 is often used as a conditioning agent in leather care products.
More to that, Dimethicone 350 can be used to improve the texture and feel of silicone-based lubricants.

Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used as a surfactant in the production of detergents and cleaning products.
Further to that, Dimethicone 350 can be found in adhesives and sealants as a rheology modifier.
Dimethicone 350 is often used in the production of electronics, such as semiconductors and display panels.

Dimethicone 350 can be used as a lubricant and release agent in the production of medical devices.
Additionally, Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used as an emulsifier in the production of food and beverage products.

Dimethicone 350 can be found in pet care products like shampoos and conditioners.
Furthermore, Dimethicone 350 is often used as a surfactant and emollient in agricultural products like herbicides and insecticides.


Here is a list of applications for Dimethicone 350:

Personal care products (e.g. lotions, creams, hair care products, makeup)
Pharmaceuticals (e.g. topical creams, ointments, gels)
Industrial applications (e.g. lubricants, coatings, adhesives, mold release agents)
Textile industry (e.g. fabric softeners, antistatic agents)
Food industry (e.g. defoaming agent, release agent)
Agriculture (e.g. adjuvant for pesticides and herbicides)
Electronics industry (e.g. insulation material, lubricant for electronic parts)
Personal care products such as facial moisturizers, hair care products, and sunscreens
Medical devices and pharmaceutical products as a lubricant or coating agent
Automotive products such as polishes, waxes, and coatings
Industrial applications such as mold release agents and lubricants
Food processing as an anti-foaming agent
Textile industry for softening and conditioning fibers
Electronics industry for encapsulating electronic components
Paints and coatings for improving surface slip and gloss
Adhesives and sealants as a rheology modifier
Agriculture industry as a spray adjuvant for herbicides and insecticides


Dimethicone 350 can be used to improve the texture and feel of personal lubricants.
Moreover, Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used in the production of candles as a mold release agent.

Dimethicone 350 can be found in a variety of household cleaning products, such as furniture polish and glass cleaner.
Besides, Dimethicone 350 is often used as a defoamer in the production of paints and coatings.

Dimethicone 350 can be used as a lubricant in the production of metalworking fluids.
In addition, Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used in the production of rubber and plastics to improve their processability.

Dimethicone 350 can be found in the production of foams and insulation materials.
More to that, Dimethicone 350 is often used as a surfactant in the production of personal care wipes and towelettes.

Dimethicone 350 can be used as a conditioning agent in textile and fabric softeners.
Further to that, Dimethicone 350 is sometimes used in the production of ceramics to improve their strength and durability.

Dimethicone 350 can be found in the production of building materials like sealants and adhesives.
Additionally, Dimethicone 350 is often used as a release agent in the production of rubber molds and casting materials.



DESCRIPTION


Dimethicone 350 is a type of silicone oil that is commonly used in personal care and cosmetic products.
Further, Dimethicone 350 is a clear, odorless, and non-greasy liquid that has a viscosity similar to that of mineral oil.

Dimethicone 350 is made up of a mixture of dimethicone polymers that have an average molecular weight of 350 Daltons.
Due to its unique physical properties, dimethicone 350 is used as an emollient, skin protectant, and conditioning agent in various personal care and cosmetic products.


Here are some additional properties of Dimethicone 350:

Emollient:

Dimethicone 350 helps to smooth and soften the skin by forming a protective barrier on the skin surface, preventing moisture loss and keeping the skin hydrated.

Non-occlusive:

Unlike some other emollients, Dimethicone 350 is non-occlusive, meaning that it does not clog pores or suffocate the skin.

Non-greasy:

Dimethicone 350 has a light, silky texture that does not feel greasy or heavy on the skin, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products.

Non-irritating:

Dimethicone 350 is generally considered to be a non-irritating ingredient, making it suitable for use on sensitive skin types.

Heat resistant:

Dimethicone 350 is resistant to high temperatures, making it useful in products that are exposed to heat, such as hair styling products.

Colorless and odorless:

Dimethicone 350 is a clear, colorless liquid with no discernible odor, making it a versatile ingredient in a wide range of formulations.

Compatible with other ingredients:

Dimethicone 350 is compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients, making it useful as a base for many types of products.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: (C2H6OSi)n
Molecular weight: ~5000 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Odorless
Density: 0.960 g/cm3
Boiling point: >200°C (>392°F)
Flash point: >93°C (>200°F)
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform
Viscosity: High viscosity
Surface tension: Low surface tension
pH: Neutral (pH 7)
Refractive index: 1.395
Dielectric constant: 2.65
Melting point: -50°C (-58°F)
Vapor pressure: Heat of vaporization: 67.3 kJ/mol
Heat capacity: 2.24 J/g·K at 25°C
Thermal conductivity: 0.15 W/m·K at 25°C
Electrical conductivity: 2.9 x 10^-15 S/m at 25°C
Specific heat: 1.25 kJ/kg·K at 25°C
Surface tension: 20.5 mN/m at 25°C




FIRST AID


Dimethicone 350 is a commonly used silicone-based polymer in cosmetic and personal care products.
While Dimethicone 350 is generally considered safe for use, it's important to take appropriate safety precautions in case of accidental exposure.
Here are some general first aid measures to follow in the event of contact with Dimethicone 350:


Skin contact:

Remove any contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If skin irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.


Eye contact:

Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move to an area with fresh air and seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.


It's important to note that these first aid measures are general guidelines and may need to be adapted based on the severity and nature of the exposure.
If you have any concerns about accidental exposure to Dimethicone 350, seek medical attention immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Here is the handling and storage information for Dimethicone 350:


Handling:

Handle in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of fumes.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.

Use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and eye protection.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling the substance.


Storage:

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition.
Keep the substance tightly sealed in a container that is resistant to corrosion and leakage.

Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizers or strong acids.
Keep away from children and pets.
Ensure that storage area is clearly labeled with appropriate warning signs.

It's important to note that Dimethicone 350 is a relatively low hazard substance, but it should still be handled and stored with care to avoid accidental exposure or contamination.
In case of accidental exposure or spill, refer to the appropriate safety data sheet and follow the recommended procedures for cleaning up and disposing of the substance.



SYNONYMS


Dimethylpolysiloxane
PDMS
Polydimethylsiloxane
Silicone oil
Siloxane
Abil EM 90
AK 1000
Alfa Aesar L13850
Belsil DM 1000
BY 16-001
BY 16-029
BY 25-002
BY 25-007
BY 25-008
BY 25-010
BY 25-011
BY 25-014
BY 25-015
BY 25-019
BY 25-020
BY 25-024
BY 25-025
BY 25-027
BY 25-028
BY 25-032
BY 25-033
BY 25-038
BY 25-039
BY 25-040
BY 25-041
BY 25-044
BY 25-046
BY 25-047
BY 25-048
BY 25-049
BY 25-050
BY 25-053
BY 25-054
BY 25-056
BY 25-058
BY 25-059
BY 25-061
BY 25-062
BY 25-063
BY 25-066
BY 25-067
BY 25-068
BY 25-070
BY 25-072
BY 25-073
BY 25-074
BY 25-078
BY 25-080
BY 25-081
BY 25-082
DIMETHICONE 350
DESCRIPTION:
Dimethicone 350 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).
Dimethicone 350 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.


CAS No.: 63148-62-9


Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.
Dimethicone 350 is derived from silica and commonly used in haircare for its detangling and softening properties and to add shine to the hair.


Dimethicones are a family of silicones which are differentiated between each other by their viscosity.
So a 100 CST is thinner than a 350 CST product and as a consequence feels lighter on the skin.
The range in viscosity for silicone fluids runs between 5 CST and 60,000 CST with the higher end ingredients being soft spongy gels and the lower end of the scale being volatile, light fluids.

At low imput levels it might not be possible to notice a difference in skin feel between the 100 CST and 350 CST product but for colour cosmetics and hair products the difference is more pronounced.
100 CST is better for hair care and 350 leaves a more pleasant cushioned feeling to the skin in colour applications.
In an emulsion either is suitable.

Dimethicone 350 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).

Dimethicone 350 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.

Used at a rate of 1% to 30%, dimethicone conforms to the FDA's Tentative Final Monograph on OTC Skin Protectants.
However, provided you make no drug claims for it, dimethicone does not have to be declared as an active ingredient, nor does your product or facility need to conform to OTC drug production standards.
Dimethicone can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order.

When using dimethicone in cosmetic formulations, one should be guided by the usage rates in the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) tables (see our Reference Room for links to these PDFs) as these apply to cosmetics rather than OTC products.

The CIR lists Dimethicone in the Cosmetic Ingredients Found Safe as Used in the following amounts:
• Hair Care Preparations - up to 80%
• Makeup - up to 24%


BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 fluids reduce the surface tension of a formulating allowing it to spread easily across the skin or hair.
They can form a barrier on the skin to prevent moisture loss, act as lubricants or as skin-feel modifiers bringing a silky, invisible feel to emulsions.
Finally they can be used in colour cosmetics to enable 'oil free' claims.

These medium viscosity dimethicone fluids help achieve a more substantive and moisturising finish to formulations while still remaining light and oil-free.
They can assist in making a formulation less tacky and are effective conditioning actives.

Dimethicone 350 has High chemical stability in formulas requiring no foam and hair care products.
Dimethicone 350 makes colours in cosmetics more mixable.

USES OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 is a midweight silicone oil that is also a conditioning agent.
Dimethicone 350 provides silky, smooth feel to both skin and hair.
Dimethicone 350 is used in the beauty industry as a conditioner, skin and hair protector.

Dimethicone 350 can be used alone or as a carrier for other ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products.
Dimethicone 350 is used in Hair care, creams and lip care.
Dimethicone 350 is Used in concentrations of 1-20%, Needs to be added to oil part of mixtures and not heated to above 50 degrees Celsius

In Cosmetics; Dimethicone 350 has the ability to smoothen the appearance of fine lines and form a protective barrier.
In Moisturizers and creams; Dimethicone 350 forms a layer on the skin, thereby locking in hydration and decreasing water loss.
In Shampoo, conditioner, and hair styling products; Dimethicone 350 coats the strands and smooths the cuticles, giving a sleek and shiny look while protecting them from heat.

Dimethicone 350 is a non-volatile silicone oil.
Dimethicone 350 has a viscosity of 350 centistrokes (medium thick), which is heavier.
Cyclomethicone Suitable for mixing in cosmetics that require a skin feel, slippery when used (slip) can be used with both skin care products and hair care products, it will stick on the skin or hair to make it feel slippery including the use of pressing the dough pressed-powder so that the dough can stick together


Its application brings immense benefits to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.
Dimethicone 350 is thick and thin of most products like shampoos, soaps, conditioners, makeup products like primers, foundations, and it is used in antiperspirants, aftershave lotions, and shaving creams.
Dimethicone 350 is non-comedogenic, therefore it helps improve the skin barrier and protects it from environmental damage.

Dimethicone 350 prevents moisture loss from skin and hair and keeps it hydrated and frizz-free.
When utilized in various formulations as a base ingredient, it works as an anti-foaming agent.
Additionally, Dimethicone 350 is used in the manufacturing of rubbery caulks, adhesives, sealants, and water-repelling wall coatings.

HOW DIMETHICONE 350 WORKS?
Dimethicone 350 works by forming a layer over the skin or hair and does not penetrate it.
Dimethicone 350 works by acting as an emulsifier and keeps the product from separating.

HOW TO USE DIMETHICONE 350 ?
Add to the oil phase of formulas by stirring continuously.
Do not heat over 50°C/125°F.
Dimethicone 350 can be mixed into emulsions after the temperature reaches 50°C/125°F.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIMETHICONE 350:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product




PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Appearance, Physical State: Liquid
Odor: Characteristic
Color: Colorless
Molecular Weight: 162.38 g/mol
Boiling Point: >65°C (149°F)
Viscosity: 350 cSt
Flammability: May be combustible
Flash Point: >120°C (248°F)
Specific Gravity @ 25°C: 0.97
Mixing method: mix in silicone or if you want to mix it in water, use SiliSolve To combine water with silicone Maiden
Usage rate: 0.5-10%
Product characteristics: clear liquid
Solubility: can be dissolved in silicone
Storage: can be stored at room temperature , But close the lid of the bottle tightly and protected from sunlight or heat, the product has a shelf life of at least 2 years

CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 is insoluble in water and oils and is soluble in mineral spirits, acetone, ethanol, glycol, and fatty acids.
The recommended concentration for use is 1%-5%.


SYNONYMS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
silicone, all silicones
Dimethylpolysiloxane hydrolyzate
alpha-Methyl-omega-methoxypolydimethylsiloxane
Polydimethyl silicone oil
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
Polydimethylsiloxane, methyl end-blocked
Polyoxy(dimethylsilylene), alpha-(trimethylsilyl)-omega-hydroxy
Poly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], alpha-[trimethylsilyl]-omega-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]
Silicone oils
Siloxane and silicones, dimethyl
Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl
alpha-(Trimethylsilyl)poly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)]-omega-methyl
Silicone oil
Silicone oil, for oil baths



DIMETHICONE 350
Dimethicone 350 is a silicone oil consisting of a mixture of fully methylated linear siloxane polymers end-blocking with trimethylsiloxy units.
Dimethicone 350 is an active linear silicone with a viscosity of 350cps, viscous and oil like.


CAS Number: 63148-62-9 / 9006-65-9
EC Number: 203-492-7
MDL number: MFCD00132673
Molecular Formula: -(C2H6OSi)nC4H12Si / (-Si(CH3)2O-)n / C6H18OSi2


Dimethicone 350 is soluble in oil but not in water.
Dimethicone 350 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).


Dimethicone 350 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness. Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.


Dimethicone 350 is a non-volatile silicone oil.
Dimethicone 350 has a viscosity of 350 centistrokes (medium thick), which is heavier.
Dimethicone 350 is suitable for mixing in cosmetics that require a skin feel, slippery when used (slip) can be used with both skin care products and hair care products, it will stick on the skin or hair to make it feel slippery.


Dimethicone 350 is including the use of pressing the dough pressed-powder so that the dough can stick together.
Dimethicone 350 has a special smoothness, softness, hydrophobicity, good chemical stability, excellent electrical insulation and resistance to high temperature.


Dimethicone 350 fluid is a medium viscosity Dimethyl Polysiloxane used used in a variety of Personal Care and Industrial applications.
Dimethicone 350 adds silky softness to hair formulations, improves spreadability and provides lubricity in lotions, is non-sticky, long-lasting, and improves water repellency.


Dimethicone 350 is recommended for hair care, skin care, and cosmetic products.
Dimethicone 350 has a viscosity of 350 at 25ºC.
Dimethicone 350 is A Silicone Oil That Provides A Moisture Barrier For Skin Care Of Skin Protection Formulations


Dimethicone 350 improves The Protection Of Skin Care And Skin Protection Preparations Against Aqueous Media.
Properly Formulated Dimethicone 350 Leaves No Trace Of Stickiness And Gives Excellent Water Repellency.
Dimethicone 350 (also known as Dimethylpolysiloxane) is a mid-weight, non-volatile silicone.


Dimethicone 350 is a medium silicon oil, having different viscosities (100cs, 200cs, 350cs, 1000cs)
Dimethicone 350 is a silicone oil consisting of a mixture of fully methylated linear siloxane polymers end-blocking with trimethylsiloxy units.
Dimethicone 350 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.


Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).
Dimethicone comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations.


Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.
Dimethicone 350 Improves The Protection Of Skin Care And Skin Protection Preparations Against Aqueous Media.


Dimethicone 350 is a semi-viscous clear liquid
Dimethicone 350 is colorless and clear oily liquid, odorless or almost odorless, and tasteless.
Dimethicone 350 is very soluble in chloroform, ether or toluene, and insoluble in water and ethanol.


You could also try rich, slippy oils as an alternative (something like oat oil), though these will not offer the same level of de-tack-ifying and skin smoothing.
The importance of this is very formula dependent, and I also find perceptions of stickiness/tackiness are very personal.


If you’re not very sensitive to stickiness (or just plain ol’ don’t mind it) you are less likely to notice the loss of silicone in a formulation.
Dimethicone 1.5 is not a good alternative for Dimethicone 350; the 1.5 version is ultra-thin and lightweight, and evaporates quickly.
It is much closer to Cyclomethicone and Cyclopentasiloxane than Dimethicone 350.


Dimethicone 350 is a midweight silicone oil that is also a conditioning agent.
Dimethicone 350 provides silky, smooth feel to both skin and hair.
Dimethicone also known as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), or dimethylpolysiloxane, is a light silicone oil that is derived from the purest form of silica.


Dimethicone (DM 350) comes in multiple viscosities, and this variant has 350 centistokes of viscosity.
Dimethicone 350 is a very popular silicon-based organic polymer for the reason that it is very versatile in nature and its boundless properties can be used in applications of many products.


Dimethicone 350 is a polymeric organosilicon compound that goes through the process of hydrolysis and polycondensation of dichloro dimethyl silane and chlorotrimethylsilane.
Dimethicone 350 has a flexible polymer base that is non-reactive and highly permeable to gases.


Dimethicone 350 has a mild odor and clear formula which make, leading to incorporate into different products.
Dimethicone 350's simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called dimethicone.
Silicone oils are derived from silica sand and quartz are silicas.


Dimethicone 350 is a clear viscous liquid.
Dimethicone 350 is a type of silicone oil often used in hair conditioners and silky smooth effect.
Dimethicone 350 imparts a hydrophobic and protective layer to the formula of the products which improves the spreadability and emolliency.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 is used in the beauty industry as a conditioner, skin, and hair protector.
Dimethicone 350 can be used alone or as a carrier for other ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products.
Dimethicone 350 is a versatile addition to haircare products because of its softening and detangling abilities.


Derived from silica, Dimethicone 350 is also used in skin care products to protect against moisture loss by adding a protective layer to the skin.
Dimethicone 350 is derived from silica and commonly used in haircare for its detangling and softening properties and to add shine to the hair.
Dimethicone 350 is also used in creams and lotions to help add a protective layer onto the skin, protecting from moisture loss.


Dimethicone comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity that offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin-protectant formulations.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness.


Dimethicone 350 offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.
Dimethicone 350 can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order.
Dimethicone 350 adds slip, smoothness and glide to skincare and haircare products of all types.


As its molecules are too big to be absorbed too deeply into the skin, Dimethicone 350 is also useful as a skin barrier.
Recommended usage of Dimethicone 350 is approx. 0.2%.
Dimethicone 350 is derived from silica and commonly used in haircare for its detangling and softening properties and to add shine to the hair.


Dimethicone 350 is also used in creams and lotions to help add a protective layer onto the skin, protecting from moisture loss.
Dimethicone 350 is a midweight silicone oil non-volatile silicone, that is also a conditioning agent that condition the skin by improving its softness and flexibility.


Dimethicone 350 adds a luxury feel, nice wonderful slip to skin and hair care products and reduce tackiness.
Dimethicone 350 helps improve spreading, reduce soaping in lotion formulations, by reducing the saponification and stickiness that may occur during the spreading of emulsions like cream and conditioner on hair and skin.


Dimethicone 350 is also an FDA approved skin protectant commonly used in baby products, it creates a protective barrier on the skin.
Dimethicone 350 is used as emollient in cosmetics to soften skin.
Dimethicone 350 reduces hair frizziness even in high humidity and soften hair with great detangling properties.


Dimethicone 350 is used Hair care, creams and lip care.
Dimethicone 350 is used in concentrations of 1-20%, Needs to be added to oil part of mixtures and not heated to above 50 degrees Celsius.
Dimethicone 350 is used in Hair Care Preparations - up to 80% however 1 to 5% range is typical, and Makeup - up to 24%.


Dimethicone 350 is commonly used in skin and hair products.
Dimethicone 350, like most of the silicones used in personal care, provides a hydrophobic protective.
Dimethicone 350 is commonly used to improve the slip and glide of bath and body products which provides an easy solution for heavier, creams and lotions.


Dimethicone 350 imparts softness, lubricity and emolliency to formulations as it reduces whitening, soaping and stickiness during rub-in.
Additionally, Dimethicone 350 adds slip and glide, reduces tackiness in lotions and creams,and also offers conditioning properties when used in hair care applications.


Dimethicone 350 is used as condensing agents of dropping pill Polishing and lubricating of tablets and capsules Ointment base Antifoaming agents of Chinese medicine extract Silicide of butyl rubber stoppers Lubrication and silicification of medical instruments.
Dimethicone 350 is a silicon-based moisturizing ingredient.


-Cosmetics Products:
Dimethicone 350 is widely used in cosmetic applications because of its potent water-repelling and emollient ability.
This silicone-based ingredient, Dimethicone 350, is a good addition to makeup and cosmetic products like make-up foundation, sun-creams, eye makeup, primer, etc.


-Moisturizers and Creams:
Problems like dryness, itching or scaly skin, and other kinds of skin irritations can be prevented with Moisturisers and creams containing Dimethicone 350.
The ointments using Dimethicone 350 have excellent water retention and emollient properties which makes the skin extremely supple and soft.


-Haircare Products:
Conditioning and nourishing properties of Dimethicone 350 are used to make hair care products like conditioners, hair masks, shampoo, hair polish, etc., for the reason that the silicone adds natural shine and luster to the hair.
These hair products also have detangling and softening abilities.


-Contact Lenses:
Physical properties of Dimethicone 350 provide low elastic modulus and hydrophobicity which can be used to clean micro and nano pollutants from the surface of lens.
Dimethicone 350 is also highly effective at removing nano plastic that gets stuck to the lenses.


-Silly Putty:
Dimethicone 350 provides elasticity and bounces to the Silly Putty.
The viscoelastic properties imparted by these silicon polymers are quite dynamic products bounce, mold, stretch, and snap easily.
Dimethicone 350 is used to make squishy and bouncy toys.


-Waterproofing:
Dimethicone 350 is one of the most essential ingredients in many waterproofing sprays as it forms a smooth, protective coat over cosmetic and makeup products just after seconds of the application.
Dimethicone 350's water-resistant property also increases the shelf life of the products.


-Dimethicone 350 is a very versatile ingredient and uses include;
*Skincare Handcreams, facail moisturisers, cream cleansers, exfoliants, body lotions and masques
*Barrier Creams Ideal for "invisible glove" Barrier Creams and lotions - us 5 - 15% depending on the level of protection required
*Hair Care May be emulsified into Cream Shampoos, conditioners and hair styling products
*Waterproofing May be applied to hard surfaces to repel water, dirt and mud
*Anti-foam Breaks down detergent foam
*Silly Putty Dimethicone 350 gives silly putty is elasticity and bounce
*Hydrophobic sand Dimethicone 350 is used to coat Hydrophobic sand and give its dramatic properties


-Skin Care uses of Dimethicone 350:
*Creams And Lotions -
Recommended Use Levels 0.5–2%
For A Soft Feel; 5–10%
For A Protecting Effect.
*Deodorants And Antiperspirants:
Recommended Use Levels 0.5–2%
For Detackification.


-Application of Dimethicone 350:
• O/W Skin Care Creams And Lotions
• W/O Skin Care Emulsions
• Protective Hand Creams And Lotions
• Wipes Formulations
• Sun Protection Products
• Aerosol Shave Lathers
• Make Up Preparations
• Shampoos
• Toilet Soaps
• Antiperspirants


-In Cosmetics;
Dimethicone 350 has the ability to smoothen the appearance of fine lines and form a protective barrier.
In Moisturizers and creams;
Dimethicone 350 forms a layer on the skin, thereby locking in hydration and decreasing water loss.
In Shampoo, conditioner, and hair styling products;
Dimethicone 350 coats the strands and smooths the cuticles, giving a sleek and shiny look while protecting them from heat.



ALTERNATIVES AND SUBSTITUTIONS OF DIMETHICONE 350
In products where you are using Dimethicone 350 at 5% or less, you could try a higher viscosity version, like Dimethicone 500 or Dimethicone 1000.
With that low of a usage rate, the dimethicone will be diluted so much that the thicker version is unlikely to impact the end product much (if a very low viscosity is important to the final product [i.e. if it’s supposed to mist] then swapping in a higher viscosity of dimethicone probably isn’t the best idea).
I find the natural alternatives do not offer the same level of slip and richness as Dimethicone 350, so you may want to increase the concentration to compensate.



WHY DO WE USE DIMETHICONE 350 IN FORMULATION?
Dimethicone 350 adds wonderful slip to our products and helps reduce tackiness.
Small concentrations add a really gorgeous, expensive-feeling skin feel.
Dimethicone 350 helps improve spreading, offers skin protection, and conditions the skin and hair.
Dimethicone 350 can also reduce soaping in lotion formulations.
Dimethicone 350 is also an FDA approved skin protectant.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 fluids reduce the surface tension of a formulating allowing it to spread easily across the skin or hair.
Dimethicone 350 can form a barrier on the skin to prevent moisture loss, act as lubricants or as skin-feel modifiers bringing a silky, invisible feel to emulsions.
Finally Dimethicone 350 can be used in colour cosmetics to enable 'oil free' claims.



DO YOU NEED DIMETHICONE 350?
Do you need it?
No, but I do love how small concentrations of Dimethicone 350 allow me to work with higher concentrations of good-for-skin ingredients that can make products feel tacky.
Dimethicone 350’s also a wonderful, super-easy way to improve slip & skin feel.



DIMETHICONE 350, REFINED OR UNREFINED?
Dimethicone 350 only exists as a refined product.
Dimethicone is a dimethylsiloxane linear polymer.
According to different kinematic viscosity, it is divided into 20, 50, 100, 200, 350, 500, 750, 1000, 12500, and 30,000.



HOW TO WORK WITH DIMETHICONE 350:
Include Dimethicone 350 in the oil phase of your products; it can be hot or cold processed.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
High chemical stability in formulas requiring no foam and hair care products.
Dimethicone 350 makes colours in cosmetics more mixable.
Dimethicone 350 is a medium viscosity additive, light silicone oil, derived from sand and quartz.
Dimethicone 350, like most of the silicones used in making cosmetics such as skin care, provides a hydrophobic, protective but, breathable barrier to skin while improving the spreading of lotions and creams.
Dimethicone 350 is commonly used to improve the slip and glide of bath and body products which provides an easy solution for heavier, tacky creams and lotions.
Dimethicone 350 imparts softness, lubricity and emolliency to formulations as it reduces whitening, soaping and stickiness during rub-in.



BENEFITS AND USES OF DIMETHICONE 350:
*Dimethicone 350's application brings immense benefits to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.
*Dimethicone 350 is thick and thin of most products like shampoos, soaps, conditioners, makeup products like primers, foundations, and it is used in antiperspirants, aftershave lotions, and shaving creams.
*Dimethicone 350 is non-comedogenic, therefore it helps improve the skin barrier and protects it from environmental damage.
*Dimethicone 350 prevents moisture loss from skin and hair and keeps it hydrated and frizz-free.
*When utilized in various formulations as a base ingredient, Dimethicone 350 works as an anti-foaming agent.
*Additionally, Dimethicone 350 is used in the manufacturing of rubbery caulks, adhesives, sealants, and water-repelling wall coatings.



HOW DIMETHICONE 350 WORKS:
Dimethicone 350 works by forming a layer over the skin or hair and does not penetrate it.
Dimethicone 350 works by acting as an emulsifier and keeps the product from separating.



CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 is insoluble in water and oils and is soluble in mineral spirits, acetone, ethanol, glycol, and fatty acids.
The recommended concentration of Dimethicone 350 for use is 1%-5%.



HOW TO USE DIMETHICONE 350:
Add to the oil phase of formulas by stirring continuously.
Do not heat over 50°C/125°F.
Dimethicone 350 can be mixed into emulsions after the temperature reaches 50°C/125°F.



STRENGHTS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
Dimethicone 350 is a very versatile ingredient that improves the skin feel of anything I’ve ever tried it in.
Dimethicone 350 is non-irritating (suitable for those with sensitive skin) and will not aggravate conditions like Pityrosporum Folliculitis (a.k.a. fungal acne).



WEAKNESSES OF DIMETHICONE 350:
The biggest weakness of Dimethicone 350 is all the negative myths about it.
These myths include the idea that silicones suffocate the skin, cause acne, are toxic, and are bad for sensitive skin.
Dimethicone and other silicones have been studied and reviewed extensively by experts around the world and have been continuously found to be not only very safe, but beneficial to the skin.



RECOMMENDATIONS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
*Emulsions.
*Skin Creams and Gels.
*Massage Blends.
*Hair Conditioning.
*Applications: 0.5-10% typically.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
*Treats Diaper Rash:
Dimethicone 350 is popularly used to reduce skin irritation and inflammation.
Dimethicone 350 can also be used to heal diaper rashes and skin burns as well.
Dimethicone 350 exhibits Humectants and active ingredients that prevent dryness and irritation in the skin.
Dimethicone 350 is a non-volatile silicone oil so it is safe for babies as well.

*Relieve Dry Skin:
Silicon oil can also be used in creams and ointments that are used to treat scaly, dry, and itchy skin.
Dimethicone 350 is also used to make the final products more malleable and viscous in nature, which ultimately results in better performance of the cosmetic products.

*Lubricating Agent:
Dimethicone 350 is also used due to its lubricating properties as it makes solutions non-sticky and unguent.
Dimethicone 350's water-repelling potential makes it an even better lubrication agent because it makes the formulation slippery, soft, and greasy.
The low viscosity of this silicon fluid makes Dimethicone 350 an even better lubricant.

*Preservatives:
Dimethicone 350 can be utilized in cosmetic products for benefitting from its preservative properties as it naturally forms a protective film over your skin cells and shields them from pollutants, chemicals, and external toxins.
Dimethicone 350 is also used to increase the shelf life of products making it an even better conservatory product.

*High Viscosity:
Linear siloxane has high viscosity which makes Dimethicone 350 better at water-resisting and spreadability function.
Dimethicone 350 also reduces surface tension of the formulation which makes the spreadability effect preferable over other chemical compounds.
Another factor that makes Dimethicone 350 even better spreading is its potent lubricant property.

*Emollient Skin:
Emollient properties of Dimethicone 350 are used at limited concentration levels and to make the skin soft and supple.
This silicon fluid, Dimethicone 350, can penetrate deep into the layers of the skin cells which makes the skin smoother and softer.
Dimethicone 350 also locks the moisture into the skin making it even better at conditioning the skin and hair.



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350 IN SKIN CARE:
• Cushion
• Film Forming Properties
• Lubrication • Moisturizing
• Skin Protectant • Spreadability
• Suitable For Clear Formulations
• Tack Reduction
• Wash Off Resistance
• Water Repellancy



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350 IN HAIR CARE:
• Active Carrier
• Anti Frizz
• Conditioning
• For Dry / Damaged Hair
• Improves Dry Combing
• Improves Wet Combing
• Improves Texture
• Light Residue / Low Build Up
• Soft / Supple Feel



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 350:
• Moisture Barrier For Skin Care Or Skin Protection Formulations
• Improves Application Properties
• Non-Sticky
• Good Emollient Properties
• Elimination Of "Whitening" Effect



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMETHICONE 350:
Colour: colourless
Melting point: −59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 101 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.377(lit.)
Flash point: >270 °C (518 °F)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
form: Oily Liquid
color: Clear colorless
Specific Gravity: 0.853
Odor: Odorless
Features: Base Oil
Finish: High Gloss
Form of Paint: Liquid
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 149
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Viscosity: 350 mm2/s
Melting Point: -55 oC
Autoignition Point: >400 oC
Flash Point: 315 oC
Dielectric strength: 16 kV/mm
Density: 0.98 g/cm3 at 20oC
Solubility: insoluble in water
Physical state: viscous
Color colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point: -55 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: > 140 °C at 0,003 hPa - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 101,1 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: > 400 °C
Decomposition temperature: > 200 °C -
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 0,003 Pas at 25 °C
Water solubility: slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: < 7 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 0,968 g/mL at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Water: Solubility
Merck: 14,8495
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.96300 @ 25.00 °C.
Refractive Index: 1.40400 @ 20.00 °C.
Flash Point: 600.00 °F. TCC ( 315.56 °C. )

Soluble in: water, 0.002918 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Pour Point: –100 °C ~ –50 °C(closed cup)
Flash Point: 160°C ~ 320°C(open cup)
Surface tension: 20.3 - 21.5 mN/m.
Refraction index: 1.398-1.406
Physiological property: no toxic.
Solvent free
Thermal Conductivity at 25°C W/m-k: 0.14~0.16
Dielectric Constant 50Hz: 2.65~2.75
Specific heat at 25°C (cal/g.c): 0.40~0.35
Molecular Weight: 236.53 g/mol
Specific Gravity: 0.978
Boiling Point: 200 °C
Flash Point: 121 °C
Odor: Mild Odour
PH Level: 5.5–8.5
HLB Value: 9 or 10
Color: Colorless
Grade Standard: Industrial Grade
Shelf Life: 24 months
Molecular Weight: 236.53
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 236.10840961
Monoisotopic Mass: 236.10840961
Topological Polar Surface Area: 18.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 350:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 350:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 350:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMETHICONE 350:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.
*Respiratory protection
Not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMETHICONE 350:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMETHICONE 350:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
SILCOREL(R) ADP1000 ANTIFOAM COMPOUND
SILICONE OIL DC 200
SILICONE FLUID
REDUCED VOLATILITY POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 158’000
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 16’000
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 173’000
POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE 1’850
Methylhydrogensiloxane polymer,PMHS
DMTC
DMTC350


DIMETHICONE 350 CST
Dimethicone 350 CST is a kind of oily linear polysiloxane produced from the hydrolysis and poly-condensation of chlorotrimethylsilane, ethyl chlorosilane, and phenyl chlorosilane containing mono-functional group and bifunctional group.
The commonly called Dimethicone 350 CST means the polydimethylsiloxane and polymethyl phenyl siloxane.
Dimethicone 350 CST is a kind of colorless, odorless, non-toxic, transparent, non-volatile liquid with non-corrosive effect on metal, low freezing point and good anti-water property and moisture resistance, low surface tension and being capable of being resistant to dilute acids and bases and has wide application in various national economy departments.

CAS: 63148-62-9
MF: C6H18OSi2
MW: 162.38
EINECS: 613-156-5

Synonyms
DIETHYL ETHER RECTIFIED;ETHYL ACETATE PESTINORM SUPRA TRACE;SILICONE FLUID;2,2,4,4-TETRAMETHYL-3-OXA-2,4-DISILAPENTANE;BIS(TRIMETHYLSILYL)ETHER;Hexamethyloxy disilane;HMDO;dimethylsilicone fluid
OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE;107-51-7;Trisiloxane, octamethyl-;63148-62-9;1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-Octamethyltrisiloxane;dimethyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane;Dimeticone;Dimethicone 350;Pentamethyl(trimethylsilyloxy)disiloxane;Dimethylbis(trimethylsiloxy)silane;9G1ZW13R0G;CHEBI:9147;DTXSID9040710;Dimethicones;Trisiloxane,1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-octamethyl-;MFCD00084411;MFCD00148360;CCRIS 3198;EINECS 203-497-4;dimeticonum;UNII-9G1ZW13R0G;Dimeticona;FRD 20;Ctamethyltrisiloxane;MFCD00008264;Pentamethyl(trimethylsiloxy)disiloxane;octamethyl-trisiloxane;dimethicone macromolecule;VOLASIL DM-1;EC 203-497-4;Octamethyltrisiloxane, 98%;OS 20 (SILOXANE);SCHEMBL23459;TRISILOXANE, OCTAMETHY;Dow Corning High-Vacuum Grease;CHEMBL2142985;DTXCID7020710;CHEBI:31498;CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-;KF 96A1;OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE [MI];dimethylbis(trimethylsiloxy)siliane;Dimethylbi(trimethylsilyloxy)silane;[(CH3)3SiO]2Si(CH3)2;Tox21_301002;CO9816;MFCD00134211;MFCD00165850;Silane, dimethylbis(trimethylsiloxy)-;AKOS015840180;FS-4459;NCGC00164100-01;NCGC00164100-02;NCGC00254904-01;CAS-107-51-7;DB-040764;NS00041459;O0257;O9816;C07261;D91850;S12475;viscosity 500 inverted exclamation markA30mPa.s;A801717;J-001906;Q2013799;2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-3,5-dioxa-2,4,6-trisilaheptane;InChI=1/C8H24O2Si3/c1-11(2,3)9-13(7,8)10-12(4,5)6/h1-8H3;28349-86-2

The viscosity of the Dimethicone 350 CST has small changes with temperature.
At-60~250 °C, Dimethicone 350 CST can be used as a lubricant agent for sextant, electromotor, shells aiming system and shipborne radar devices.
When being mixed with thickener such as carbon black and lithium stearate, Dimethicone 350 CST can be used for preparation of viscous grease for being applied to vacuum or high temperature sealing systems and the sealing of vacuum cocks, bushings, and valve.
Dimethicone 350 CST will not be cured by high compression with a relative high compressibility and can be used as liquid springs of aircraft and used for eliminating flutter in the buffer, shock absorption system to maintain the stability of the gauge pointer in aircraft cabin and damping of damper device.
Because of its non-corrosiveness on metal and long lifespan, Dimethicone 350 CST is widely used as hydraulic pressure fluid in various kinds of delivery systems such as being the hydraulic pressure fluid of aircraft landing gear, flaps, doors, and speed brakes; Because of its small density, low viscosity, Dimethicone 350 CST can decrease the weight of the hydraulic pressure systems of the aircraft system by 45% compared with the mineral oil system.

Dimethicone 350 CST is heat resistant and can be used as the heat transfer medium of-50~250 ℃; it does not absorb moisture and has excellent electrical insulation and can resist high temperature to be used as a dielectric liquid for being applied to the capacitors and the miniature transformer of encapsulating and impregnating.
Dimethicone 350 CST is permeable to visible light and can be coated to the lens and optical glass to improve the light transmission properties; its being coated to the motion picture film can reduce the friction and extend the lifespan of the film.
Dimethicone 350 CST has a good water resistance and can be used for processing wool, rayon, nylon, cotton fabric and can be used for making waterproof fabric; it has a low surface tension and can be used for plastic and rubber mold releasing agents; in the food and textile industry, it can be used in defoamers.
Dimethicone 350 CST is non-toxic with physiologically inertia and can be used for the treatment of flatulence and can also play a role of skin care when added to cosmetics.
Any of a large group of siloxane polymers based on a structure consisting of alternate silicon and oxygen atoms with various organic radicals attached to the silicon:
Dimethicone 350 CST is low viscosity liquid polymerized siloxanes with organic side chains.

Dimethicone 350 CST Chemical Properties
Melting point: −59 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 101 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C
Tg: -123
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure : Refractive index: n20/D 1.377(lit.)
Fp: >270 °C (518 °F)
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Sparingly), Toluene (Sparingly)
Form: Oily Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.853
Color: Clear colorless
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: PRACTICALLY INSOLUBLE
Merck: 14,8495
Dielectric constant: 2.7(Ambient)
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Dimethicone 350 CST (63148-62-9)

Dimethicone 350 CST is milk-white viscous liquid and is non-volatile and odorless.
Dimethicone 350 CST has a relative density of O.98~1.02.
Dimethicone 350 CST is miscible with benzene, gasoline and other kinds of chlorinated hydrocarbons, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons; it is not soluble in methanol, ethanol and water, but can be dispersed in water.
Dimethicone 350 CST is Non-flammable, non-corrosive and is chemically stable.

Uses
Dimethicone 350 CST can be used as emulsifiers. China has provided that it can be applied during the fermentation process with the maximum usage amount being 0.2g/kg.
Dimethicone 350 CST can be used as advanced lubricants, anti-vibration oil, insulating oil, defoamers, release agents, polishes and vacuum diffusion pump oil.
Dimethicone 350 CST can be used as the paint for prevention of moisture and rust of metal surface.
Dimethicone 350 CST can also be used as the coating for the surfaces of buildings for prevention of water.
Dimethicone 350 CST is used as hardening polyurethane foams additive.
Dimethicone 350 CST can be used for applications such as: protective coatings for building materials, a cosmetic additive, a dielectric coolant, a lubricant and antiflatulent agent.
Dimethicone 350 CST can be used for a wide range of applications such as: heat transferring medium in chemical and petrochemical industries, a dielectric coolant, protective coatings for building materials, a cosmetic additive.

Dimethicone 350 CST is a colorless, oily substance with its viscosity being able to be formulated as well as having a relatively low freezing temperature.
Moreover, Dimethicone 350 CST's viscosity only changes little with temperature changes.
Dimethicone 350 CST also has high thermal stability and is not subject to decomposition at high temperature.
The end of its chain can’t be subject to further poly-condensation reaction.
When being heated to above 400 ℃, Dimethicone 350 CST generates low molecular weight products with the bond between the methyl group and the silicon atom being not broken during the thermal decomposition process.
Dimethicone 350 CST also has water resistance as well as electrical insulation resistance with volume resistivity being higher than 1015Ωcm and permittivity ε = about 2.58.
Dimethicone 350 CST has a low surface tension and is non-toxic.

Low molecular weight Dimethicone 350 CST can be taken as Newtonian fluids with gradually shifting toward pseudoplastic fluids upon increasing molecular weight.
Dimethicone 350 CST has a low vapor pressure and high compressibility.
Dimethicone 350 CST has no corrosion on the metal and is very stable against the vast majority of organic reagents.
Dimethicone 350 CST has good compatibility with mineral oil and is resistant to dilute acid and alkali.
Dimethicone 350 CST is often used as advanced lubricants, anti-shock oil and insulating oil.
Dimethicone 350 CST is also used as defoamers, mold releasing agents and the polishing agent of furniture, flooring, and automobile polish as well as the internal lubricants upon plastic processing.
Dimethicone 350 CST also serves as a heat carrier, anti-vibration damping materials, cosmetics additives, medical polymer materials and glass fiber processing agents.

Transformer insulating oil
Dimethicone 350 CST is an excellent kind of transformer insulating oil with high heat resistance and high flash point.
Dimethicone 350 CST is not easy to be subject to oxidation and combustion with its long-term working temperature being as high as 200 ℃.
Dimethicone 350 CST can tolerate electric arc, corona.
Moreover, the value its dielectric loss factor can keep nearly constant over a wide temperature range (-40~110 ℃) and frequency range (103~108Hz).
In addition, Dimethicone 350 CST also has good viscosity-temperature, low freezing point, and low volatility and is non-toxic without contaminating the environment and so on.
The disadvantage of Dimethicone 350 CST is its great dielectric loss, being easy for hydrolysis and relative high prices and so on.
Currently the Dimethicone 350 CST variety frequent application and good efficacy is "polydimethylsiloxane."
Dimethicone 350 CST is easily soluble in water and can also have reaction with the relevant components of the reaction in the air.
So Dimethicone 350 CST should be tightly sealed during the application process.
In addition, Dimethicone 350 CST is also necessary to take measures to prevent moisture and air intrusion.

Dimethicone 350 CST for lubricating oil
Dimethicone 350 CST can be used as the anti-foam agents for oil as well as for synthesizing lubricating oil.
Dimethicone 350 CST is made from Si-O chain and organic compound.
Dimethicone 350 CST is a kind of odorless, tasteless organic liquid with a high chemical stability, low freezing point, low volatility and excellent anti-oxidation property and resistance to high temperature.
Dimethicone 350 CST has been over 50 years since at early time when polydimethylsiloxane (referred as silicone oil) was used as an anti-foaming agent.
Only if the Dimethicone 350 CST in the lubricating oil is in its insoluble state can it have anti-foaming.
In contrast, if Dimethicone 350 CST is in a dissolved state, it not only has no anti-foaming property but also plays a role of foaming agent.
Therefore, Dimethicone 350 CST is very important to choose silicone oil with proper viscosity.
Dimethicone 350 CST is general to choose the silicon oil with 100~100000mm2/s (25 ℃) viscosity for being the anti-foaming agent.

The low viscosity Dimethicone 350 CST is easily to be dispersed to exhibit anti-foaming property, however with large solubility and poor anti-foam persistence; high viscosity silicone oil has a poor anti-foaming property but excellent continuity.
In order to draw on the strength of each other, people often mix two kinds of high and low viscosity Dimethicone 350 CST for using in combination.
The general applied amount is around 10mg/kg.
Dimethicone 350 CST is produced from the following process: Dimethicone 350 CST is first reacted with silicon in the presence of copper as the catalyst for generating into chloromethyl silane mixture.

Dimethicone 350 CST is an excellent kind of anti-foaming agent with small usage amount and significant efficacy.
Dimethicone 350 CST has wide applications and is commonly used in internal combustion engine oils and industrial lubricants.
For highly dispersing Dimethicone 350 CST in the oil, first dissolve the silicone oil in a solvent (such as kerosene) into the concentrate liquid, and then stir and disperse Dimethicone 350 CST into the oil.
Poor dispersion will result in poor anti-foam effect.
Therefore, Dimethicone 350 CST anti-foaming agent is very sensitive to the blending technology.

Product Features
Dimethicone 350 CST having a silica structure and is liquid at room temperature and is called as siloxane, referred as silicone oils.
The simplest polydimethylsiloxane is as formula.
In, if the R, R1, R2 are all methyl groups, Dimethicone 350 CST is called α, ω-trimethylsilyloxy polydimethylsiloxane, that’s the commonly called silicone oil.
Dimethicone 350 CST is a linear polymer of a low molecular weight.
If R1 and R2 are not a methyl group, then it is not related to this article.
Silicone oil is a colorless or light yellow transparent liquid and is odorless and tasteless.
Dimethicone 350 CST has a high boiling point and low freezing point.
The silicon-oxygen bond is very stable.

Dimethicone 350 CST has the following features:
① Dimethicone 350 CST is low surface tension which is generally less than 209J/cm2 and is lower compared with the water and general surfactant;
② Dimethicone 350 CST has low solubility in water and oil with high activity.
This feature allows that only a very small amount of Dimethicone 350 CST can already capable of reducing the surface tension of water;
③ Dimethicone 350 CST has high stability upon heating and oxygen; This feature allows the silicone oil can be used at high temperature without being subject to decomposition;
④ Dimethicone 350 CST has low volatility, and is chemically inert, for example, dimethicone with a viscosity of 3 × 10-2m2/s (20 ℃) ​​has a vapor pressure at 100 ℃ as low as only being 6.67 mPa while this value is 40 mPa at 220 ℃.
Moreover, Dimethicone 350 CST generally does not react with other substances;
⑤ Dimethicone 350 CST has high flash point and flame retardancy;
⑥ Dimethicone 350 CST has excellent electrical insulation ability with mold release property and anti-foaming property;

Production method
The Dimethicone 350 CST and gas-phase silicon dioxide are mixed and crushed using roller to silica grease, then add polyoxyethylene alcohol, Tween 80 and deionized water for emulsion to generate it.
Silicone elastomers are generally prepared from chlorosilanes.
The chlorosilanes are hydrolyzed to give hydroxyl compounds that condense to form elastomers.
Applications include electrical insulation, gaskets, surgical membranes and implants, and automobile engine components.
DIMETHICONE 5
DIMETHICONE 5 Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ), also known as dimethylpolysiloxane or Dimethicone 5, belongs to a group of polymeric organosilicon compounds that are commonly referred to as silicones.[1] PDMS is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer due to its versatility and properties leading to a manifold of applications.[2] It is particularly known for its unusual rheological (or flow) properties. PDMS is optically clear and, in general, inert, non-toxic, and non-flammable. It is one of several types of silicone oil (polymerized siloxane). Its applications range from contact lenses and medical devices to elastomers; it is also present in shampoos (as it makes hair shiny and slippery), food (antifoaming agent), caulking, lubricants and heat-resistant tiles. Contents 1 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Structure 1.1 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Branching and capping 2 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Mechanical properties 3 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Chemical compatibility 4 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Applications 4.1 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Surfactants and antifoaming agents 4.2 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Hydraulic fluids and related applications 4.3 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Soft lithography 4.4 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Stereo lithography 4.5 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Medicine and cosmetics 4.5.1 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Skin 4.5.2 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Hair 4.5.3 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Flea treatment for pets 4.6 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Foods 4.7 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Condom lubricant 4.8 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Domestic and niche uses 5 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Safety and environmental considerations 6 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) See also 7 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) References 8 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) External links Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Structure The chemical formula for PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is CH3[Si(CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3, where n is the number of repeating monomer [SiO(CH3)2] units.[3] Industrial synthesis can begin from dimethyldichlorosilane and water by the following net reaction: {\displaystyle n{\ce {Si(CH3)2Cl2}}+(n+1){\ce {H2O->HO[-Si(CH3)2O-]_{\mathit {n}}H}}+2n{\ce {HCl}}}{\displaystyle n{\ce {Si(CH3)2Cl2}}+(n+1){\ce {H2O->HO[-Si(CH3)2O-]_{\mathit {n}}H}}+2n{\ce {HCl}}} The polymerization reaction evolves hydrochloric acid. For medical and domestic applications, a process was developed in which the chlorine atoms in the silane precursor were replaced with acetate groups. In this case, the polymerization produces acetic acid, which is less chemically aggressive than HCl. As a side-effect, the curing process is also much slower in this case. The acetate is used in consumer applications, such as silicone caulk and adhesives. Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Branching and capping Hydrolysis of Si(CH3)2Cl2 generates a polymer that is terminated with silanol groups (−Si(CH3)2OH]). These reactive centers are typically "capped" by reaction with trimethylsilyl chloride: 2 Si(CH3)3Cl + [Si(CH3)2O]n−2[Si(CH3)2OH]2 → [Si(CH3)2O]n−2[Si(CH3)2O Si(CH3)3]2 + 2 HCl Silane precursors with more acid-forming groups and fewer methyl groups, such as methyltrichlorosilane, can be used to introduce branches or cross-links in the polymer chain. Under ideal conditions, each molecule of such a compound becomes a branch point. This can be used to produce hard silicone resins. In a similar manner, precursors with three methyl groups can be used to limit molecular weight, since each such molecule has only one reactive site and so forms the end of a siloxane chain. Well-defined PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) with a low polydispersity index and high homogeneity is produced by controlled anionic ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane. Using this methodology it is possible to synthesize linear block copolymers, heteroarm star-shaped block copolymers and many other macromolecular architectures. The polymer is manufactured in multiple viscosities, ranging from a thin pourable liquid (when n is very low), to a thick rubbery semi-solid (when n is very high). PDMS molecules have quite flexible polymer backbones (or chains) due to their siloxane linkages, which are analogous to the ether linkages used to impart rubberiness to polyurethanes. Such flexible chains become loosely entangled when molecular weight is high, which results in PDMS' unusually high level of viscoelasticity. Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Mechanical properties PDMS is viscoelastic, meaning that at long flow times (or high temperatures), it acts like a viscous liquid, similar to honey. However, at short flow times (or low temperatures), it acts like an elastic solid, similar to rubber. Viscoelasticity is a form of nonlinear elasticity that is common amongst noncrystalline polymers.[4] The loading and unloading of a stress-strain curve for PDMS do not coincide; rather, the amount of stress will vary based on the degree of strain, and the general rule is that increasing strain will result in greater stiffness. When the load itself is removed, the strain is slowly recovered (rather than instantaneously). This time-dependent elastic deformation results from the long-chains of the polymer. But the process that is described above is only relevant when cross-linking is present; when it is not, the polymer PDMS cannot shift back to the original state even when the load is removed, resulting in a permanent deformation. However, permanent deformation is rarely seen in PDMS, since it is almost always cured with a cross-linking agent. If some PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is left on a surface overnight (long flow time), it will flow to cover the surface and mold to any surface imperfections. However, if the same PDMS is poured into a spherical mold and allowed to cure (short flow time), it will bounce like a rubber ball.[3] The mechanical properties of PDMS enable this polymer to conform to a diverse variety of surfaces. Since these properties are affected by a variety of factors, this unique polymer is relatively easy to tune. This enables PDMS to become a good substrate that can easily be integrated into a variety of microfluidic and microelectromechanical systems.[5][6] Specifically, the determination of mechanical properties can be decided before PDMS is cured; the uncured version allows the user to capitalize on myriad opportunities for achieving a desirable elastomer. Generally, the cross-linked cured version of PDMS resembles rubber in a solidified form. It is widely known to be easily stretched, bent, compressed in all directions.[7] Depending on the application and field, the user is able to tune the properties based on what is demanded. Overall PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 )has a low elastic modulus which enables it to be easily deformed and results in the behavior of a rubber.[8][9][10] Viscoelastic properties of PDMS can be more precisely measured using dynamic mechanical analysis. This method requires determination of the material's flow characteristics over a wide range of temperatures, flow rates, and deformations. Because of PDMS's chemical stability, it is often used as a calibration fluid for this type of experiment. The shear modulus of PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) varies with preparation conditions, and consequently dramatically varies in the range of 100 kPa to 3 MPa. The loss tangent is very low (tan δ ≪ 0.001).[10] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Chemical compatibility PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is hydrophobic.[6] Plasma oxidation can be used to alter the surface chemistry, adding silanol (SiOH) groups to the surface. Atmospheric air plasma and argon plasma will work for this application. This treatment renders the PDMS surface hydrophilic, allowing water to wet it. The oxidized surface can be further functionalized by reaction with trichlorosilanes. After a certain amount of time, recovery of the surface's hydrophobicity is inevitable, regardless of whether the surrounding medium is vacuum, air, or water; the oxidized surface is stable in air for about 30 minutes.[11] Alternatively, for applications where long-term hydrophilicity is a requirement, techniques such as hydrophilic polymer grafting, surface nanostructuring, and dynamic surface modification with embedded surfactants can be of use. [12] Solid PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) samples (whether surface-oxidized or not) will not allow aqueous solvents to infiltrate and swell the material. Thus PDMS structures can be used in combination with water and alcohol solvents without material deformation. However most organic solvents will diffuse into the material and cause it to swell.[6] Despite this, some organic solvents lead to sufficiently small swelling that they can be used with PDMS, for instance within the channels of PDMS microfluidic devices. The swelling ratio is roughly inversely related to the solubility parameter of the solvent. Diisopropylamine swells PDMS to the greatest extent; solvents such as chloroform, ether, and THF swell the material to a large extent. Solvents such as acetone, 1-propanol, and pyridine swell the material to a small extent. Alcohols and polar solvents such as methanol, glycerol and water do not swell the material appreciably.[13] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Applications Surfactants and antifoaming agents PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is a common surfactant and is a component of defoamers.[14] PDMS, in a modified form, is used as an herbicide penetrant[15] and is a critical ingredient in water-repelling coatings, such as Rain-X.[16] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Hydraulic fluids and related applications Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is also the active silicone fluid in automotive viscous limited slip differentials and couplings. This is usually a non-serviceable OEM component but can be replaced with mixed performance results due to variances in effectiveness caused by refill weights or non-standard pressurizations.[citation needed] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Soft lithography PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 )is commonly used as a stamp resin in the procedure of soft lithography, making it one of the most common materials used for flow delivery in microfluidics chips.[17] The process of soft lithography consists of creating an elastic stamp, which enables the transfer of patterns of only a few nanometers in size onto glass, silicon or polymer surfaces. With this type of technique, it is possible to produce devices that can be used in the areas of optic telecommunications or biomedical research. The stamp is produced from the normal techniques of photolithography or electron-beam lithography. The resolution depends on the mask used and can reach 6 nm.[18] In biomedical (or biological) microelectromechanical systems (bio-MEMS), soft lithography is used extensively for microfluidics in both organic and inorganic contexts. Silicon wafers are used to design channels, and PDMS is then poured over these wafers and left to harden. When removed, even the smallest of details is left imprinted in the PDMS. With this particular PDMS block, hydrophilic surface modification is conducted using plasma etching techniques. Plasma treatment disrupts surface silicon-oxygen bonds, and a plasma-treated glass slide is usually placed on the activated side of the PDMS (the plasma-treated, now hydrophilic side with imprints). Once activation wears off and bonds begin to reform, silicon-oxygen bonds are formed between the surface atoms of the glass and the surface atoms of the PDMS, and the slide becomes permanently sealed to the PDMS, thus creating a waterproof channel. With these devices, researchers can utilize various surface chemistry techniques for different functions creating unique lab-on-a-chip devices for rapid parallel testing.[5] PDMS can be cross-linked into networks and is a commonly used system for studying the elasticity of polymer networks.[citation needed] PDMS can be directly patterned by surface-charge lithography.[19] PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is being used in the making of synthetic gecko adhesion dry adhesive materials, to date only in laboratory test quantities.[20] Some flexible electronics researchers use PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) because of its low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility, and optical transparency.[21] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Stereo lithography In stereo lithography (SLA) 3D printing, light is projected onto photocuring resin to selectively cure it. Some types of SLA printer are cured from the bottom of the tank of resin and therefore require the growing model to be peeled away from the base in order for each printed layer to be supplied with a fresh film of uncured resin. A PDMS layer at the bottom of the tank assists this process by absorbing oxygen : the presence of oxygen adjacent to the resin prevents it adhering to the PDMS, and the optically clear PDMS permits the projected image to pass through to the resin undistorted. Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Medicine and cosmetics Activated Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ), a mixture of polydimethylsiloxanes and silicon dioxide (sometimes called simethicone), is often used in over-the-counter drugs as an antifoaming agent and carminative.[22][23] It has also been at least proposed for use in contact lenses.[24] Silicone breast implants are made out of a PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) elastomer shell, to which fumed amorphous silica is added, encasing PDMS gel or saline solution. [25] In addition, PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is useful as a lice or flea treatment because of its ability to trap insects.[26] It also works as a moisturizer that is lighter and more breathable than typical oils. Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Skin PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is used variously in the cosmetic and consumer product industry as well. For example, PDMS can be used in the treatment of head lice on the scalp[26] and Dimethicone 5 is used widely in skin-moisturizing lotions where it is listed as an active ingredient whose purpose is "skin protection." Some cosmetic formulations use Dimethicone 5 and related siloxane polymers in concentrations of use up to 15%. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review's (CIR) Expert Panel, has concluded that Dimethicone 5 and related polymers are "safe as used in cosmetic formulations."[27] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Hair PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) compounds such as amoDimethicone 5, are effective conditioners when formulated to consist of small particles and be soluble in water or alcohol/act as surfactants[28][29] (especially for damaged hair[30]), and are even more conditioning to the hair than common Dimethicone 5 and/or Dimethicone 5 copolyols.[31] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Flea treatment for pets Dimethicone 5 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is the active ingredient in a liquid applied to the back of the neck of a cat or dog from a small one time use dose disposable pipette. The parasite becomes trapped and immoblised in the substance and thus breaks the life cycle of the insect. Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Foods PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is added to many cooking oils (as an antifoaming agent) to prevent oil splatter during the cooking process. As a result of this, PDMS can be found in trace quantities in many fast food items such as McDonald's Chicken McNuggets, french fries, hash browns, milkshakes and smoothies[32] and Wendy's french fries.[33] Under European food additive regulations, it is listed as E900. Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Condom lubricant PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is widely used as a condom lubricant.[34][35] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Domestic and niche uses Many people are indirectly familiar with PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) because it is an important component in Silly Putty, to which PDMS imparts its characteristic viscoelastic properties.[36] Another toy PDMS is used in is Kinetic Sand. The rubbery, vinegary-smelling silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants are also well-known. PDMS is also used as a component in silicone grease and other silicone based lubricants, as well as in defoaming agents, mold release agents, damping fluids, heat transfer fluids, polishes, cosmetics, hair conditioners and other applications. PDMS has also been used as a filler fluid in breast implants. It can be used as a sorbent for the analysis of headspace (dissolved gas analysis) of food.[37] Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Safety and environmental considerations According to Ullmann's Encyclopedia, no "marked harmful effects on organisms in the environment" have been noted for siloxanes. PDMS is nonbiodegradable, but is absorbed in waste water treatment facilities. Its degradation is catalyzed by various clays.[38] Polydimethylsiloxane PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) PDMS Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Names Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) IUPAC name poly(dimethylsiloxane) Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Other names PDMS, Dimethicone 5, dimethylpolysiloxane, E900 Identifiers Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) CAS Number 63148-62-9 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) 3D model (JSmol) n = 12: Interactive image Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) none Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) ECHA InfoCard 100.126.442 E number E900 (glazing agents, ...) Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) UNII 92RU3N3Y1O Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID0049573 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Properties Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Chemical formula (C2H6OSi)n Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Density 965 kg/m3 Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Melting point N/A (vitrifies) Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) Boiling point N/A (vitrifies) Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) is a silicone oil that is also known as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It has viscoelastic properties. Dimethicone 5 is used as a surfactant, antifoaming agent, carminative in various products such as medical devices, food products, and lubricants. It is used in a number of health and beauty products including hair care products such as shampoo, conditioner, leave-in conditioner, and de-tangling products. On skin, it is also observed to have moisturizing actions 6,8. A study found that that the 100 % Dimethicone 5 ( DİMETİKON 5 ) product is a safe and highly effective head lice treatment for children and may serve as less toxic and less resistance-prone alternative to pesticide-containing products. Stearoxy Dimethicone 5, Dimethicone 5, Methicone, Amino Bispropyl Dimethicone 5,Aminopropyl Dimethicone 5, AmoDimethicone 5, AmoDimethicone 5 Hydroxystearate,Behenoxy Dimethicone 5, C24-28 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone 5, C30-45 Alkyl Methicone,Cetearyl Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone 5, Dimethoxysilyl Ethylenediaminopropyl Dimethicone 5, Hexyl Methicone, HydroxypropylDimethicone 5,Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone 5, Stearyl Dimethicone 5, Stearyl Methicone,and VinylDimethicone 5 At Puracy, we take natural skincare seriously. Discover what Dimethicone 5 is, how it's used, and why it's more harmful than you might think.As an eco-friendly skincare brand, Puracy wants to set the record straight about what Dimethicone 5 is – and why we never use it in our products.If you've ever used a makeup primer with a silky or slippery feel, it probably had some version of Dimethicone 5 (polydimethylsiloxane) in it. Because molecules of this silicone-based polymer are too large for the skin and hair to absorb, these products leave behind a thin layer. As a result, you get shinier-looking and smoother-feeling skin and hair – a major reason for the popularity of Dimethicone 5 in cosmetics.Board-certified dermatologist Dr. Julie Jackson states that Dimethicone 5 “does not interact with the stratum corneum (the top layer of the skin). It works by forming a film that prevents the loss of water through the skin, thus keeping the skin moisturized. It also works as an emollient, filling the spaces between cracks in the skin.”There are hundreds of Dimethicone 5 uses in personal care products, with the most popular being diaper rash cream, moisturizer, hand lotion, and liquid foundation. This ingredient allows products to be applied seamlessly. In makeup primers, it prevents foundation from changing colors and cracking.Most hair care companies use Dimethicone 5 and silicone to coat the hair cuticle and make detangling easier. A lot of this comes down to these ingredients’ affordability and effectiveness. There are simply very few eco-friendly, Dimethicone 5-free products that can provide the same results.After years of research and development with expert chemists and testers, Puracy Natural Shampoo and Conditioner are rare examples of Dimethicone 5-free hair products that manage to leave all hair types moisturized, bouncy, and shiny.Puracy is proud to be one of the first companies to use this 100% sustainable and biodegradable emollient, which seamlessly replicates the effects of both Dimethicone 5 and silicone. When pressed on whether Dimethicone 5 can clog pores and lead to acne, Dr. Jackson concluded, “There is no evidence that Dimethicone 5 can cause acne.”Even though it’s an unnatural, man-made substance, Dr. Jackson agrees that Dimethicone 5 is a good chemically-inert moisturizer. But it isn’t biodegradable – and the current environmental research isn’t positive. As a result, we’ll never include it in any Puracy formulas.The first step to avoiding Dimethicone 5 is by carefully reading labels and looking for products that pledge to use biodegradable, renewable ingredients. Next, choose items that are Dimethicone 5, silicone-, and sulfate-free – like every Puracy personal care product.Dimethicone 5 (also known as polydimethylsiloxane) – a silicon-based polymer – is a man-made synthetic molecule comprised of repeating units called monomers. Silicon is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust (after oxygen). Dimethicone 5 is one of the most widely used ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products and can also be found in many cooking oils, processed foods, and fast food items.According to 2019 data in U.S. FDA’s Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP), Dimethicone 5 was reported to be used in 12,934 products. This included products for use near the eye, shampoos and conditioners, hair dyes and colors, bath oils, skin care products, bath soaps and detergents, suntan preparations and baby products.Dimethicone 5 works as an anti-foaming agent, skin protectant, skin conditioning agent, and hair conditioning agent. It prevents water loss by forming a barrier on the skin. Like most silicone materials, Dimethicone 5 has a unique fluidity that makes it easily spreadable and, when applied to the skin, gives products a smooth and silky feel. It can also help fill in fine lines/wrinkles on the face, giving it a temporary “plump” look.Dimethicone 5 is an important component in several toys, including Silly Putty, to which it imparts its unique viscosity and elastic properties, and Kinetic Sand, which mimics the physical properties of wet sand and can be molded and shaped into any desired form. Dimethicone 5 is also a critical ingredient in rubbery silicone caulks, adhesives, and aquarium sealants, as well as water-repelling coatings, such as Rain-X.f you were to ask your friends, "What is Dimethicone 5?" you'd likely get a lot of blank stares. Buuut I'm also willing to bet you'd hear some very, very opinionated responses (if, you know, your friends happen to be beauty editors). Silicones (like Dimethicone 5) in cosmetics is a controversial topic, and for every person who loves them and swears by their silicone-based makeup primer, there's another person who actively avoids all silicones in skincare, haircare, and makeup.So what's the deal? Is Dimethicone 5 okay to use, or do you need to overhaul your medicine cabinet? Welp, allow me to present you with the facts and expert insights from a dermatologist and trichologist about using Dimethicone 5 in your skincare and hair products so that you can make that decision for yourself. Because, spoiler, it really is a you decision in the end.Dimethicone 5 is a silicon-based polymer that, when used in beauty products, gives the formula an incredibly smooth, velvety, slippery feel that you either love or hate (although I'll never understand the people who hate it TBH. I freakin' love the smooth feeling of silicones).But Dimethicone 5 is not only used for its sensory properties—it also helps to temporarily smooth fine lines and wrinkles, functions as an emollient (aka a skin-conditioning agent), and also has some occlusive properties (meaning it prevents water loss by creating a seal or a barrier on your skin). And because of these properties, you'll usually find Dimethicone 5 in your foundations, makeup primers, hair products, moisturizers, etc. Basically, unless a label specifically says it's silicone-free, you can almost guarantee it's in ev-ery-thing.Despite what the haters may say, according to the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Panel, Dimethicone 5 is safe when used in cosmetic products. What's more, the CIR Expert Panel also says because of the large molecular weight of Dimethicone 5, it's unlikely that it can be absorbed into the skin in a significant way. Board-certified dermatologist Dhaval G. Bhanusali, MD, isn't concerned either: "I think, all too often, people put things in categories and say, 'all of this is bad,'" he says. "But in this case, I don't know of many colleagues who are concerned with Dimethicone 5 in skincare products."Although Dimethicone 5 is fine for use on the skin, things get a little trickier when using it on your hair, mainly because it can coat your strands and weigh them down (which is not great for curls or fine hair). But, "if you have dry, damaged hair that's prone to tangles, Dimethicone 5 can help create that sleek, slippery feel, making detangling easy and giving the appearance that the hair is super-conditioned and healthy," says trichologist and creator of Colour Collective, Kerry E. Yates. "Dimethicone 5 is also heavily used in styling products to help 'glue' the cuticles down to create that smooth, shiny effect in hair."In short, yes. The reason why you might experience dry hair from using a Dimethicone 5-based formula is that the product builds up, which prevents the hair from achieving a proper moisture balance. This is why excess use of Dimethicone 5 can result in dry, brittle ends that are prone to breakage.Just because the experts say Dimethicone 5 is not the enemy the internet has made it out to be, it doesn't mean you have to use it. Dimethicone 5 has its pros and cons, so if you've read the above and decided you still don't want to use it, don't! No one's making you! The beauty of an oversaturated beauty market is that you have tons of silicone-free options to use instead, like the below:Dimethicone 5 in its simplest form is polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicone oil, but more commonly called Dimethicone 5. Silicone oils are derived from silica (sand and quartz are silicas).Dimethicone 5 comes in various viscosities, this one is 350 centistokes, a medium viscosity which offers excellent barrier properties when used in skin protectant formulations. It adds slip and glide, reducing tackiness. It offers conditioning properties when used in hair and skin care applications.Used at a rate of 1% to 30%, Dimethicone 5 conforms to the FDA's Tentative Final Monograph on OTC Skin Protectants. However, provided you make no drug claims for it, Dimethicone 5 does not have to be declared as an active ingredient, nor does your product or facility need to conform to OTC drug production standards. Dimethicone 5 can be added to any cosmetic and declared on the ingredient label in descending order. When using Dimethicone 5 in cosmetic formulations, one should be guided by the usage rates in the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) tables (see our Reference Room for links to these PDFs) as these apply to cosmetics rather than OTC products.The CIR lists Dimethicone 5 in the Cosmetic Ingredients Found Safe as Used in the following amounts,Dimethicone 5 is promoted as a defoaming agent for relief of abdominal pain due to retained gas and for “colic” in infants. It has been suggested that it may provide mucosal protection3 and it is included in many combined antacid preparations. It is also used to improve visibility during endoscopy. This article reviews the actions and clinical uses of Dimethicone 5.Dimethicone 5 (also known as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS) is technically called a silicone-based polymer. More simply, it’s a silicone oil with certain properties that make it extremely popular in today's personal care properties.In hair care products, Dimethicone 5 is used to provide smoothness, particularly in conditioners and detanglers, where the ingredient helps smooth hair and provide better comb-through. Because Dimethicone 5 leaves a sort of covering on the hair strands, it can also make hair appear shinier.In accordance with CIR Procedures, because it has been at least 15 years since the original safety assessment was published, the Panel should consider whether the safety assessment of Stearoxy Dimethicone 5, Dimethicone 5, Methicone,Amino Bispropyl Dimethicone 5,Aminopropyl Dimethicone 5, AmoDimethicone 5, AmoDimethicone 5 Hydroxystearate,Behenoxy Dimethicone 5, C24-28 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone 5, Cetearyl,Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone 5, Dimethoxysilyl Ethylenediaminopropyl Dimethicone 5, Hexyl Methicone,HydroxypropylDimethicone 5, Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone 5, Stearyl Dimethicone 5, Stearyl Methicone, and Vinyl Dimethicone 5 should be re-opened. An exhaustive search of the world’s literature was performed for studies dated 1998 forward. A synopsis of the relevant new data is enclosed Stearoxy Dimethicone 5, Dimethicone 5, Methicone, Amino Bispropyl Dimethicone 5,Aminopropyl Dimethicone 5, AmoDimethicone 5, AmoDimethicone 5 Hydroxystearate,Behenoxy Dimethicone 5, C24-28 Alkyl Methicone, C30-45 Alkyl Dimethicone 5,C30-45 Alkyl Methicone, Cetearyl Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone 5, Dimethoxysilyl,Ethylenediaminopropyl Dimethicone 5, Hexyl Methicone, HydroxypropylDimethicone 5,Stearamidopropyl Dimethicone 5, Stearyl Dimethicone 5, Stearyl Methicone, and VinylDimethicone 5. Dimethicone 5 and mineral spirits from the CIR report. He noted that the necrosis observed was due to the mineral spirits, and not Dimethicone 5. The Panel voted unanimously in favor of issuing a Final Report with a safe as used conclusion on the Stearoxy Dimethicone 5 ingredient family. Dimethicone 5 has been used as a physical barrier method of eradicating head lice and eggs. 3,4 Dimethicone 5 use is also prevalent in condom lubricants5, and, it is used industrially in various construction sealants, rubber, and paints, and is taken orally as an anti-flatulence agent.6 Dimethicone 5 is one of the most common ingredients in cosmetics. It acts as an anti-foaming agent, skin protectant and skin & hair conditioner. It prevents water loss by forming a hydrating barrier on the skin. It is used in a wide range of cosmetics products including creams and lotions, bath soaps, shampoo and hair care products. The FDA approved Dimethicone 5 for personal care products, and it is generally considered to be safe to use. Dimethicone 5 is classified as : Antifoaming Emollient Skin conditioning Skin protecting CAS Number 63148-62-9 / 9006-65-9 / 9016-00-6 EINECS/ELINCS No: - / - / - / COSING REF No: 33401 INN Name: dimeticone PHARMACEUTICAL EUROPEAN NAME: dimeticonum Chem/IUPAC Name: Polydimethylsiloxane Products ( 1 034)Formulations (438) 1 034 Cosmetics Ingredients containing Dimethicone 5 Dimethicone 5 CAS number: 63148-62-9 / 9006-65-9 / 9016-00-6 - Dimethicone 5 "Not so good" in all categories. Origin(s): Synthetic Other languages: Dimethicon, Dimeticona, Dimeticone, Diméthicone ou Polydiméthylsiloxane INCI name: Dimethicone 5 Chemical name: Dimethicone 5 EINECS/ELINCS number: - / - / - / Comedogenic potential (pc): 1 Food additive: E900 Classification: Silicone NAMELYDimethicone 5 also called PDMS is a silicone that is not subject to any European restrictions. It is also the most used silicone in cosmetics. Its role is to produce a film of surface around the hair and on the skin, to protect them then (occlusive effect, with what that can imply). It also brings sweetness to the products and makes it easy to use creams and shampoos. It is a little "the Swiss knife of the ch
DIMETHICONE 5000
DIMETHICONE 5000 = CAPRYLYL DIMETHICONE ETHOXY GLUCOSIDE = POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE (PDMS)


CAS Number: 63148-62-9
Molecular Formula: (CH3)3SiO[SiO(CH3)2]nSi(CH3)3


Dimethicone 5000 is linear polydimethylsiloxane polymers.
Dimethicone 5000 is a high-molecular weight linear polydimethylsiloxane fluid.
Dimethicone 5000 is a viscous liquid in transparent form, tasteless, colorless, odorless and non-toxic.
Dimethicone 5000 is polydimethylsiloxane fluid (CAS # 63148-62-9 with a viscosity of 5,000cSt (centistokes) @ 25°C.


Dimethicone 5000's viscosity varies according to its molecular weight.
As the molecular weight increases, the viscosity increases.
Dimethicone 5000's kinematic viscosity ranges from 10-6 to 10+6.
Dimethicone 5000 dissolves well in benzene as solubility.


Besides, Dimethicone 5000 has partial solubility in Toluene, Xylene, ethyl ether, butanol and ethyl alcohol .
Dimethicone 5000 is slightly soluble in acetone.
Dimethicone 5000 is insoluble in paraffin oil and vegetable oil.
Similarly, Dimethicone 5000 is insoluble in water.


Dimethicone 5000 has chemical stability.
Dimethicone 5000's density at 25 °C is 0.963 gr/cm3.
Dimethicone 5000's melting point is -50 °C.
Dimethicone 5000 is a clear, colorless and odorless high viscosity linear.


Dimethicone 5000 is characterized by its high damping action, high resistance to oxidation, excellent lubricity, wide service temperature range, low V.T.C. (little viscosity change at both high and low temperatures), high dielectric strength and high resistance to shear.
Dimethicone 5000 is not only slippery properties, but also gives good softening properties due to having lower surface tension than critical surface wetting tensions.


Dimethicone 5000 is a high-viscosity polydimethylsiloxane polymer manufactured to yield essentially linear polymers in a wide range of viscosities.
Dimethicone 5000 is colorless, clear polydimethylsiloxane fluid of 100% active, 5000 cs viscosity.
Dimethicone 5000 is supplied as an approximately 30 % active solution.
Dimethicone 5000 is synthesized using a renewable, natural, sugar-based component and is therefore in part rapidly biodegradable.


Dimethyl Silicone Fluid (Polydimethylsiloxane/PDMS) can be widely used in skin and hand cream, skin cleaner, sunscreen products, shaving cream, deodorant, bath foam and hair conditioner, also can be made into polish and defamer.
Dimethyl Silicone Fluid (Polydimethylsiloxane/PDMS) has excellent consistency with all kind of ingredient of cosmetics and dissolving capacity to vitamin, hormone, bactericide and anti-inflammatory drugs.


With its hydrophobicity, Dimethyl Silicone Fluid (Polydimethylsiloxane/PDMS) can form a lamina on the skin surface so as to keep vitamin and drugs stay on the skin surface for a long time.
Dimethyl Silicone Fluid (Polydimethylsiloxane/PDMS) has stable effect of nutrition and can make hair soft and smooth, adding gloss as well.
With Dimethyl Silicone Fluid (Polydimethylsiloxane/PDMS)'s excellent adaptability to extreme weather, translucency, electrical property, moisture resistance and chemical stability, it also can be made release agent of plastic or rubber materials.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIMETHICONE 5000:
Dimethicone 5000 is used as conditioning agent.
This high molecular weight & linear polydimethylsiloxane offers wet/dry combing and water repellency.
Dimethicone 5000 imparts smooth & silky feel to the skin and shine to hair.
Dimethicone 5000 is used in hair repairing products, skin care for skin protection & softness and sun care for water-resistance effect.


Dimethicone 5000 is used Hair care, Skin car, and Sun care.
Dimethicone 5000 can be used in combination with other ingredients to provide a wide range of benefits in anhydrous beauty care formulations and emulsions.
Dimethicone 5000 is used in a wide range of military, industrial and avionic gauges, meters, instruments, and monitoring systems.
In addition, Dimethicone 5000 is inert to virtually all plastic, rubber and metal surfaces.


Dimethicone 5000 is widely used as a lubricant for o-rings, gaskets, valves and seals.
Uses of Dimethicone 5000 include High Damping Action Fluid, Dielectric Fluid, Lubricant for Rubber and plastics, O-Ring Lubricant, Valve and Gasket lubricant.
Dimethicone 5000 is used in the manufacture of products used for the removal of skin irritations caused by diapers used in babies.
Here Dimethicone 5000 increases moisture and reduces itching and irritation.


Dimethicone 5000 is used for the production of silicone emulsion, which is used in the production of silicone masterbatches.
These silicone oils can be high molecular weight or low molecular weight.
This generally varies according to the usage area and properties of the silicone masterbatch.
Dimethicone 5000 is used in the manufacture of shampoos, conditioners and hair care products.
Dimethicone 5000 can be used as surfactant, antifoam chemical.


Dimethicone 5000 is used in the manufacture of root canal sealers.
Silicone oils are more used in the manufacture of some pesticides that are less harmful to the environment.
The most common usage area of Dimethicone 5000 is the cosmetics industry.
Dimethicone 5000 has excellent hydrophobic moisture resistance and good light transmission in this area.


Thanks to Dimethicone 5000's oil properties, it is used intensively in the manufacture of skin care products because it fills fine lines on the skin and fills irregular skin tissues.
Dimethicone 5000 is used in the manufacture of make-up materials, in the manufacture of body lotions, in the manufacture of moisturizers in the cosmetic sector, and in the manufacture of hair creams.


Dimethicone 5000 is also used in personal care products because of its softening properties.
Dimethicone 5000 is resistant to washing after penetrating the body.
Dimethicone 5000 ensures that UV absorbers are not easily removed from the body in case of contact with sea water.
In this way, Dimethicone 5000 helps the manufacture of swimming-resistant sunscreens.


Dimethicone 5000 can be highly hydrophobic.
But Dimethicone 5000 is highly permeable to moisture and gases.
Dimethicone 5000 is synthesized using a renewable, natural, sugar-based component and is therefore in part rapidly biodegradable.
Silicone polyglucosides are surface-active silicone surfactants known for their mildness and gentleness.


Dimethicone 5000 was designed specifically as a water-in-oil or water-in-silicone emulsifier for compositions comprising volatile silicones or non-polar organic fluids as the continuous phase.
Water-in-silicone formulations are noted for imparting a soft and velvety feel to the skin and for their excellent spreading properties.
Dimethicone 5000 is an excellent emulsifier for water-in- oil and water-in-silicone systems in skincare, suncare and decorative cosmetics.


Dimethicone 5000 is used, Skin Care, Make-up Foundation, Sun Care, and Lip Make-up.
Dimethicone 5000 was designed specifically as a water-in-oil or water-in-silicone emulsifier for compositions comprising volatile silicones or non-polar organic fluids as the continuous phase.
Water-in-silicone formulations are noted for imparting a soft and velvety feel to the skin and for their excellent spreading properties.
Dimethicone 5000 is an excellent emulsifier for water-in-oil and water-in-silicone systems in Skin Care, Sun Care and Decorative Cosmetics.


-For personal care applications of Dimethicone 5000:
*Skin protection
*Imparts soft, velvety skin feel
*Spreads easily on both skin and hair
*De-soaping (prevents foaming during rubout)


-For industrial applications of Dimethicone 5000:
*Oxidation-, chemical- and weather-resistant
*Excellent release, dielectric and antifoam properties


-For industrial applications of Dimethicone 5000:
*Effective foam control at low addition levels
*For personal care applications:
*Provides easy combing and detangling for wet or dry hair
*Provides lubricious, smooth feel to the hair
*Adds gloss and softness


-Skin Care Applications of Dimethicone 5000:
*Antiperspirant / Deodorant
*Cleansers
*Creams
*Color Cosmetics
*Lotions
*Serums
*Sun Care


-Hair Care Applications of Dimethicone 5000:
*Shampoo
*Conditioner (leave in)
*Conditioner (rinse off)
*Styling Treatment


-Applications of Dimethicone 5000:
*Active ingredient in a variety of automotive, furniture, metal, and specialty polishes
*Ingredient in protective creams, aerosol shave lathers, antiperspirants, and other personal care products
*Foam control for petroleum production and refinery operations
*Other applications including coatings additive, damping fluid, elastomer and plastics lubricant, electrical insulating fluid, mechanical fluid, mold release agent, plastics additive, specialty chemical products ingredient, leather finishing, surface active agent



FEATURES OF DIMETHICONE 5000:
• High Viscosity
• Excellent Lubrication
• Non-Flammable
• High Resistance to Oxidation
• High Damping Action
• High Dielectric Strength
• Meets VV-D-1078 Silicone as Damping Fluid
• Meets NSN 9150-00-664-3829
• High resistance to shear
• High Water Repellency
• Chemically Inert
• Excellent Thermal Stability



FUNCTIONS OF DIMETHICONE 5000:
*Emollient
*Anti-Foaming Agent
*Softener
*Conditioner
*Water Repellent
*Wetting Agent
*Protective Agent
*Ease of application, rubout and buffing
*Enhances color
*Reduced surface tension
*Fungi- and bacteria-resistant
*Thermally stable
*Essentially inert
*Soluble in a wide range of solvents
*High compressibility
*High shearability without breakdown
*High gloss intensity
*High damping action
*Low environmental hazard and fire hazard
*Low reactivity
*Low surface energy
*Low vapor pressure
*Low pour point
*Allows skin transpiration
*Essentially colorless, odorless, tasteless and nontoxic
*Good abrasion resistance
*Water repellent



BENEFITS OF DIMETHICONE 5000:
*Does not contain ingredients of animal origin (Suitable for Vegan)
*No animal cross contamination
*No porcine contamination
*High-viscosity, cost-effective dimethicone conditioning agent
*High compressibility and shearability without breakdown
*High flash point
*High damping action
*High oxidation resistance
*Low fire hazard
*Low reactivity and vapor pressure
*Low surface energy
*Low pour point
*Good heat stability
*Non-greasy, non-occlusive and non-stinging on skin
*Essentially inert and non-toxic
*Excellent water repellent, release, dielectric and antifoam properties
*Soluble in a wide range of solvents
*Active Carrier
*Anti Frizz
*Conditioning
*For Dry / Damaged Hair
*Improves Dry Combing
*Improves Wet Combing
*Improves Texture
*Light Residue / Low Build Up
*Soft / Supple Feel
*Cushion
*Film Forming Properties
*Lubrication
*Moisturizing
*Skin Protectant
*Spreadability
*Suitable for Clear Formulations
*Tack Reduction
*Wash Off Resistance
*Water Repellency
*Maximum conditioning effect
*Skin protection and softness
*Water resistance and repellency
*Good wet and dry combing
*Shine and radiance



WHAT IS THE ROLE OF DIMETHICONE 5000 IN PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS?
There are certain conditions for a Dimethicone 5000 to be legally considered an active drug class.
Silicone should be Neurofibromatosis (NF) grade in the pharmaceutical industry.
This type of Dimethicone 5000 is used as an active OTC with its high hydrophobicity and partial protection it can offer to some water-immiscible effects.
The features that make these silicone polymers stand out in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry are as follows.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIMETHICONE 5000:
Viscosity at 25℃, mm2/s,: ≈5000
Appearance Clear: colorless odorless fluid
Specific gravity at 25℃,: ≈0.978
Flash point (closed cup), ℃,: ≈300
Freezing point, ℃,: -50 to - 40
Refractive index at 25℃: 1.410 max
Surface tension at 25℃, mN/m,: ≈20.7
Colour (Hazen): 30 max
Turbidity (NTU): 7 max
Odour: None to slight
Volatile Content 150°C-2g-2h ; %: ≤ 1.0
Acidity: 0.15max
Fluorescence test,mg/kg,: -
Heavy metals (Pb ; ppm): 5 max
Identity (I.R. Spectrum): Conform


Appearance: Clear
Specific Gravity: 0.975
Refractive Index: 1.4035
Flash Point: (Open Cup) °C (°F) 315°C
Pour Point °C (°F) -50°C
Surface Tension: @ 25°C 21.3
Thermal Conductivity: g/cal/cm/sec °C 0.00038
Thermal Expansion: cc/cc °C 0.00096
Dielectric Constant: 50Hz 2.75
Dielectric Strength: (volts/mil) 400



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 5000:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 5000:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIMETHICONE 5000:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIMETHICONE 5000:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.
*Respiratory protection
Not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIMETHICONE 5000:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIMETHICONE 5000:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available.



SYNONYMS:
Dimethicone
Caprylyl Dimethicone Ethoxy Glucoside


DIMETHYL BENZYL CARBINOL

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a colorless liquid with a sweet, floral, and fruity aroma.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol, also known as benzyl dimethyl carbinol or benzyl isobutyl carbinol, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C10H14O.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is clean floral rose cortex fresh aromatic-floral fruity green bergamot peach dew lilac elderfiowers cut wood diffusive apple-blossom woody coffee pear gooseberry blackcurrant.

CAS Number: 100-86-7
Molecular Formula: C10H14O
Molecular Weight: 150.22
EINECS Number: 202-896-0

2-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol, 100-86-7, 2-Methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-ol, Benzyldimethylcarbinol, Dimethylbenzylcarbinol, 1,1-Dimethylphenylethanol, 2-Benzyl-2-propanol, dimethyl benzyl carbinol, Phenyl-tert-butanol, DMBC, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenylethanol, Benzylpropyl alcohol, alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol, DMBC (VAN), 2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane, alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethanol, beta-Phenyl-tert-butyl alcohol, FEMA No. 2393, Benzyl dimethyl carbinol, 2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-ol, alpha,alpha-Dimethylbenzeneethanol, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenylethyl alcohol, NSC 27228, Benzeneethanol, .alpha.,.alpha.-dimethyl-, N95NCI59MI, .alpha.,.alpha.-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol, 2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-propanol, DTXSID1047601, Phenethyl alcohol, .alpha.,.alpha.-dimethyl-, .beta.-Phenyl-tert-butyl alcohol, .alpha., tech., .alpha.,.alpha.-Dimethylphenethanol, MFCD00004465, NSC-27228, Benzeneethanol,.alpha.-dimethyl-, Phenethyl alcohol,.alpha.-dimethyl-, WLN: QX1 & 1 & 1R, 2-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol, 98%, EINECS 202-896-0, Benzeneethanol, alpha,alpha-dimethyl-, UNII-N95NCI59MI, BRN 1855608, 1-phenyl-2-methyl-2-propanol, AI3-02949, PHENETHYL ALCOHOL, alpha,alpha-DIMETHYL-, alpha-Dimethyl-alpha, .alpha.,.alpha.-Dimethylbenzeneethanol, dimethylbenzyl carbinol, Darocur 1173, SCHEMBL21353, 4-06-00-03290 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Benzeneethanol, a,a-dimethyl-, 2-Methyl-3-phenylpropan-2-ol, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenyl-ethanol, 2-phenyl-1,1-dimethyl ethanol, a,a-Dimethylbenzeneethanol, 9CI, CHEMBL3183743, DTXCID9027601, FEMA 2393, RIWRBSMFKVOJMN-UHFFFAOYSA-, NSC5236, CHEBI:195903, .alpha.,.alpha.-Dimethyl-Benzeneethanol, Ethanol, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, a,a-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol, 8CI, NSC-5236, NSC27228, NSC46103, 1,1 -dimethyl-2-phenylethylalcohol, 1-phenyl-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane, Tox21_302533, Alphaalpha-dimethyl-Phenethyl alcohol, NSC-46103, alpha, alpha-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol, AKOS009156717, alpha,alpha dimethyl phenyethyl alcohol, alpha,alpha-Dimethyl-Phenethyl alcohol, alpha,alpha-dimethylphenylethyl alcohol, DIMETHYL BENZYL CARBINOL [FCC], CS-W016322, NCGC00256627-01, CAS-100-86-7, SY047029, .alpha.,.alpha.-Dimethylphenylethyl alcohol, alpha,alpha-Dimethyl-beta-phenylethyl alcohol, BB 0220510, D0783, FT-0611300, EN300-91477, .alpha.,.alpha.-Dimethyl-.beta.-phenylethyl alcohol, W-108935, Q27284729, .ALPHA.,.ALPHA.-DIMETHYLPHENETHYL ALCOHOL [FHFI], F0001-0030, InChI=1/C10H14O/c1-10(2,11)8-9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7,11H,8H2,1-2H3.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol has not yet been found in nature.
The alcohol has a floral, herbaceous odor, reminiscent of lilac, and is prepared by a Grignard reaction of benzylmagnesium chloride and acetone.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is used in perfumery for various flower notes (e.g., lilac, hyacinth, mimosa).

The alcohol is stable to alkali and is thus suited for soap perfumes.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is used to prepare a number of esters, which are also used as fragrance substances.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a polymer that forms a film on the skin and prevents water loss.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol has been shown to have enzyme-inhibiting properties, which may be due to its ability to prevent geranyl production.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol has also been used as a sealant in microcapsules, which are then broken down by enzymes in order to release the contents of the capsule.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can also be used as an antimicrobial agent, where it inhibits bacterial cell growth by interfering with fatty acid synthesis.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is IUPAC name is 1-phenylpropan-2-ol. This compound is an organic alcohol and belongs to the class of secondary alcohols.
The structure consists of a benzene ring attached to a carbon atom, which is further connected to a secondary alcohol functional group.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is often used as a fragrance ingredient due to its pleasant odor.

This makes it suitable for use in a variety of personal care products and perfumes, contributing to the overall olfactory profile.
In addition to its application in the fragrance industry, dimethyl benzyl carbinol can also be used as a flavoring agent.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may find use in the food industry to impart a specific taste or aroma to various products.

However, Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is usage in the food industry is generally limited compared to its applications in the fragrance and cosmetic sectors.
This is a very old perfume material now rather under-rated. Arctander suggests it is an “Excellent perfume material for Lilac, Narcissus, Jasmin, Muguet, Hyacinth, Mimosa, Neroli, and in certain types of Rose (Safran-like notes).
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is stable in soap and blends excellently with its homologues, esters and with a great number of other perfume chemicals.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a warm herbaceous floral material that is reminiscent of Lilac and Elderflower with freshly cut wood undertones.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol, also known as Dimethyl phenyl carbinyl Acetate or DMBCA, is an organic compound used in the fragrance industry.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol possesses a mild, sweet, floral scent with a hint of balsamic notes.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a versatile ingredient that adds a unique and captivating character to fragrance compositions.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is valued for its ability to provide a combination of floral, fruity, and slightly woody notes.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is fragrance profile adds depth, complexity, and a touch of elegance to perfumes, colognes, and personal care products.

In fragrance formulations, Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is often used as a middle to base note, contributing to the overall scent profile and longevity of the fragrance.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol blends well with a variety of other fragrance ingredients, enhancing their individual characteristics and creating a harmonious blend.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is known for its pleasant and long-lasting aroma, making it a valuable component in perfumes and fragrances that require a lasting and captivating scent.

As with its parent compound, Dimethyl benzyl carbinol, DMBCA can also be used as a flavoring agent in the food and beverage industry.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is sweet and fruity taste profile can add depth and complexity to certain food products and beverages.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's versatility and unique fragrance profile make it a sought-after ingredient in the fragrance industry.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol adds a distinctive and sophisticated touch to fragrances, enhancing the overall olfactory experience.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is primarily used as a fragrance ingredient in perfumes, colognes, and personal care products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is sweet, floral, and fruity aroma adds depth and complexity to fragrance compositions, contributing to the overall scent profile.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be found in various household products, including cleaning agents, laundry detergents, and fabric softeners.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is fragrance helps mask any unpleasant odors and leaves a fresh and pleasant scent on cleaned surfaces or fabrics.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a colorless liquid with a floral odor that is widely used as a fragrance ingredient in the manufacturing of perfumes, personal care products, and household cleaners.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is derived from benzyl alcohol and is also known as α,α-dimethylbenzyl alcohol or benzyl carbinol.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid with a green, floral odor.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is used as a flavoring agent to produce many fruit and vegetable flavors.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol has a spicy floral scent that in its pure form can be somewhat medicinal, much like phenylethyl alcohol.
When diluted, Dimethyl benzyl carbinol provides a nice punch for flowers like rose, jasmine and narcissus.
The smell is not very strong, so it can be used undiluted.

Typical use is in floral chords as mentioned, where Dimethyl benzyl carbinol adds some character in the form of spicy accents.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is primarily a top note in perfumes and is stable in most products, including soap. Keep cool, dry, dark and out of reach of children.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature, although it may solidify on cold storage.

The purity is at least 99%.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol has a fairly long shelf life.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol does not occur in nature, it is a synthetic substance.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be utilized in industrial processes, including the production of certain chemicals.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is chemical properties make it suitable for use as a reagent or intermediate in organic synthesis.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can act as a solvent.

Solvents are Dimethyl benzyl carbinols that dissolve other chemicals, and they find use in various industries, including manufacturing, cleaning, and chemical processes.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol might be employed in pharmaceutical research and production as a starting material or an intermediate in the synthesis of certain drugs or pharmaceutical compounds.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol could be used in laboratories for research purposes, contributing to the exploration and development of new chemical compounds or processes.

Some alcohol compounds, including certain types of Dimethyl benzyl carbinols, can be used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Depending on the synthesis method or the source of the Dimethyl benzyl carbinol, it might exist in different enantiomeric forms (mirror-image isomers).
Chirality can be crucial in certain applications, particularly in pharmaceuticals, where the specific arrangement of atoms can impact biological activity.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be synthesized through various chemical routes.
Common methods involve the reduction of corresponding ketones or the Grignard reaction.
Understanding the synthesis pathway can be essential for ensuring the purity and quality of the compound in different applications.

Like any chemical compound, Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is subject to regulatory standards and guidelines.
Manufacturers and users need to be aware of these regulations to ensure compliance with safety, health, and environmental standards.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's compatibility with other substances is crucial in formulations.

For example, in the fragrance industry, Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be blended with other aroma compounds to achieve a specific scent profile.
Understanding the compatibility of dimethyl benzyl carbinol with other ingredients is essential for formulators.
The stability of Dimethyl benzyl carbinol under various conditions is a consideration in both its production and application.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's important to understand how the compound behaves over time, especially when exposed to factors such as light, heat, or air.
The cost and availability of Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can influence its use in different industries.
Factors such as the availability of raw materials, production processes, and market demand can impact the cost-effectiveness of using this compound in various applications.

Melting point: 23-25 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 94-96 °C10 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.974 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 1hPa at 25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.514(lit.)
FEMA: 2393 | ALPHA,ALPHA-DIMETHYLPHENETHYL ALCOHOL
Flash point: 178 °F
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), DMSO (Sparingly, Heated)
pka: 15.31±0.29(Predicted)
form: Oil
color: Colourless
Odor: at 100.00 %. clean floral green rose cortex oily rhubarb
Odor Type floral
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water.
JECFA Number: 1653
BRN: 1855608
InChIKey: RIWRBSMFKVOJMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.87 at 25℃

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be found in various personal care products, including body lotions, shower gels, and hair care items.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is fragrance enhances the sensory experience, leaving a pleasant and long-lasting scent on the skin and hair.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is utilized in air fresheners to create a captivating and long-lasting scent in indoor spaces.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol adds a touch of elegance and freshness to the atmosphere.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is employed in cosmetic formulations, such as creams, lotions, and makeup products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is sweet and floral aroma enhances the sensory appeal of these products, providing a delightful fragrance.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is sometimes used as a flavoring agent in the food and beverage industry.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can impart a fruity and floral taste to certain food products, enhancing their overall flavor profile.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol, the safety of handling and using dimethyl benzyl carbinol is paramount.

Safety data sheets (SDS) provide information on potential hazards, proper handling procedures, and emergency measures.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol users must adhere to safety guidelines to minimize risks associated with its use.
In industrial applications, quality control measures are essential to ensure that dimethyl benzyl carbinol meets specific standards and specifications.

Quality control procedures may involve testing for purity, concentration, and other relevant parameters.
In industries such as cosmetics and personal care, the compatibility of dimethyl benzyl carbinol with other ingredients in formulations is critical.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's essential to understand how the compound interacts with other components to achieve desired product characteristics.

Proper storage conditions are crucial to maintaining the stability of dimethyl benzyl carbinol over time.
Factors such as temperature, exposure to light, and humidity can affect the compound's shelf life.
Manufacturers and users must follow recommended storage conditions.

The transportation of chemical substances, including dimethyl benzyl carbinol, is subject to specific regulations to ensure safety during transit.
Understanding and complying with these regulations are essential for shipping and receiving the compound.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinoll is generally considered safe when used according to guidelines, individuals working with the compound should be aware of potential health effects.

This includes understanding exposure limits and taking appropriate precautions to minimize risks.
Considerations for the end of the product lifecycle, including recycling or proper disposal of dimethyl benzyl carbinol-containing products or waste, are essential for environmental sustainability.
This aligns with broader efforts to reduce the environmental impact of chemical substances.

The demand for dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be influenced by various market dynamics, including economic factors, consumer preferences, and regulatory changes.
Staying informed about market trends is crucial for businesses in the chemical industry.
Ongoing research may explore novel applications or improved synthetic routes for dimethyl benzyl carbinol.

In industries where dimethyl benzyl carbinol is a key ingredient, formulation expertise is crucial.
Formulators work to optimize combinations of ingredients to achieve desired product properties such as stability, scent profile, and performance.
Global markets often involve compliance with various international regulations.

Understanding and adhering to regulatory frameworks in different countries is vital for companies involved in the import/export of products containing dimethyl benzyl carbinol.
Consumer preferences for scents and flavors evolve over time.
Companies in the fragrance and flavor industry need to stay attuned to these preferences to develop products that resonate with target audiences.

Managing the supply chain efficiently is critical for a consistent and reliable supply of dimethyl benzyl carbinol.
This involves considerations such as sourcing raw materials, production scheduling, and distribution logistics.
Increasingly, industries are adopting sustainable practices.

This includes efforts to minimize waste, reduce energy consumption, and explore eco-friendly alternatives in the production and use of chemicals like dimethyl benzyl carbinol.
Balancing the cost of production with the quality and functionality of dimethyl benzyl carbinol is essential.
Cost-benefit analyses help companies make informed decisions regarding sourcing, production methods, and pricing.

Companies investing in the development of new formulations or applications for dimethyl benzyl carbinol may seek intellectual property protection through patents or trade secrets to safeguard their innovations.
Engaging with local communities and stakeholders is important for chemical manufacturers.
This involves open communication about production processes, safety measures, and addressing any concerns related to the presence of dimethyl benzyl carbinol.

Advances in technology, such as new analytical techniques or more efficient production methods, can impact the production and application of Dimethyl benzyl carbinol.
Staying informed about technological developments is essential for industry competitiveness.
Premium Pharmaceutical Grade Dimethyl Benzyl Carbinol is a highly sought-after product in the pharmaceutical industry.
With its superior quality and effectiveness, it is trusted by professionals worldwide.

This pharmaceutical-grade Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is known for its broad market coverage across North America, Asia, Middle East, and Africa, and guarantees steady production capacity.
This research report focuses on the Dimethyl Benzyl Carbinol (DMBC) Market.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol analyzes market size, trends and demand forecasts, as well as growth factors and challenges.

The report provides market data breakdowns by type, application, company, and region, in addition to competitive landscape and key company profiles.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is used as an important intermediate in the production of fragrances, flavors, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals.
The market for Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is driven by the growing demand for fragrances and flavors in the cosmetic and personal care industry.

Additionally, the increasing use of Dimethyl benzyl carbinol in the production of pharmaceuticals is further fueling the market growth.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can undergo various chemical reactions to form derivatives.
These derivatives may have modified properties or functionalities, expanding the compound's utility.

Chemists often explore these transformations to tailor the chemical's characteristics for specific applications.
In both research and industrial settings, analytical techniques such as spectroscopy, chromatography, and mass spectrometry are employed to characterize and quantify dimethyl benzyl carbinol.
These methods are crucial for quality control, ensuring the compound meets desired specifications.

Some studies may investigate the biological activity of dimethyl benzyl carbinol or its derivatives.
Understanding any potential biological effects is important, especially in cases where the Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used in pharmaceutical or medical applications.
Considerations regarding the environmental impact of dimethyl benzyl carbinol and its manufacturing processes are increasingly important.

Green chemistry principles aim to minimize the environmental footprint of chemical processes, and the industry may seek sustainable alternatives or processes.
Proper packaging and storage conditions are essential to maintain the integrity of dimethyl benzyl carbinol.
Factors such as exposure to light, air, and temperature can influence the Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's stability.

Understanding these considerations is vital for ensuring the quality of the substance in various applications.
The synthesis, applications, and specific uses of dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be subject to patents and intellectual property considerations.
Researchers and companies need to be aware of any existing patents that may impact their ability to use or develop products containing this compound.

Trends in the global market, such as shifts in consumer preferences, regulatory changes, or advancements in technology, can influence the demand for dimethyl benzyl carbinol and its applications.
Staying informed about market dynamics is crucial for businesses in the chemical industry.

Uses:
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is used in confecting floral essences, such as lily, narcissus, jasmine and keiskei and other advanced floral essences.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is acetic ester has fresh fragrance so that it has especial value.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol was used in the preparation of 2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propyl bromide.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is extensively used in the fragrance industry.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol imparts a sweet, floral, and balsamic note to perfumes, colognes, and other scented products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is pleasing odor makes it a popular choice for enhancing the overall fragrance profile of various personal care items.

In the food and beverage industry, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be employed as a flavoring agent.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can contribute to the taste profile of certain products, although its use in the food industry is generally more limited compared to its applications in the fragrance sector.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is often utilized in cosmetics, soaps, lotions, and other personal care items to provide a pleasant scent.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is chosen for its ability to enhance the sensory experience of these products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be used as a solvent or as a chemical intermediate in various industrial processes.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may find application in the synthesis of other chemicals, depending on the specific needs of different manufacturing processes.

Chemists may use dimethyl benzyl carbinol as a starting material or a reagent in organic synthesis during research and development activities.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is chemical properties make it versatile for certain reactions.
Mainly used to prepare vanilla and fruit flavors.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is properties can contribute to the overall performance and characteristics of these products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's pleasant aroma makes it suitable for use in various cleaning and household products, such as detergents, fabric softeners, and air fresheners.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can enhance the fragrance of these products, providing a more appealing sensory experience.
While not as common as in the fragrance industry, dimethyl benzyl carbinol might be used in pharmaceutical research or production as an intermediate or starting material in the synthesis of certain drugs.
In laboratories, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used as a solvent for various chemical reactions and processes.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is solubility properties make it suitable for certain applications in research settings.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may find application in the textile industry, where it can be used to impart a pleasant scent to fabrics and textiles.
This is particularly relevant in the production of scented fabrics or clothing items.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is often used in the formulation of air fresheners, room sprays, and other air care products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is sweet and floral notes contribute to the desired fragrance profile of these items.
Due to its aromatic properties, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used in the production of scented candles and aromatherapy products.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol adds a pleasant scent to the products, enhancing the overall experience.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used in the formulation of paints and coatings to provide a specific scent or to mask unpleasant odors associated with these products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be used to formulate a variety of makeup, soap and edible flavors

Beyond personal care products, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used in scented consumer goods such as scented sachets, potpourri, and scented drawer liners.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's pleasant fragrance can be incorporated into various room deodorizers, including sprays, gels, or solid air fresheners.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol might be included in pet shampoos, grooming products, or pet deodorizers to provide a pleasant scent for pets and their owners.

In addition to its limited use in the food industry, dimethyl benzyl carbinol might be employed in the creation of artificial flavors for certain food and beverage products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be used in scented laundry detergents, fabric softeners, and dryer sheets to impart a pleasing fragrance to laundered clothes.
In some cases, fragrances are used in agricultural and horticultural applications to enhance the scent of certain products or to mask unpleasant odors associated with fertilizers or pesticides.

Due to its aromatic properties, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used in the production of incense sticks or cones, contributing to the overall fragrance when burned.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be present in floral waters or hydrosols used in skincare or aromatherapy.
These products are often obtained as byproducts of essential oil distillation.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be used in scented candles and wax melts, providing a fragrant ambiance when these products are burned or melted.
Perfumers and fragrance enthusiasts might use dimethyl benzyl carbinol as part of custom fragrance blends, experimenting with different combinations to create unique scents.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is used to prepare floral fragrances, such as lily, narcissus, frangipani, lily of the valley and other high-level floral fragrances.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is acetate has a fresh fragrance, which doubles its value.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is often used in floral fragrances such as hyacinth, lily, and jasmine.
The aromatic properties of dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be utilized in the formulation of insecticides or insect repellents.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can contribute to masking the odors of active ingredients and providing a more pleasant scent to these products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is often used in the production of perfumed products for the hospitality industry, including scented candles, air fresheners, and toiletries in hotels and resorts.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be incorporated into automotive care products such as car air fresheners, interior sprays, or cleaning agents to enhance the overall scent inside vehicles.

Due to its floral and balsamic notes, dimethyl benzyl carbinol is suitable for the creation of fragrances with a floral or herbal character.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be used as a key component in perfumes or scented products with such profiles.
Some hair care products, such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products, may contain dimethyl benzyl carbinol to impart a pleasant fragrance to the hair.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be added to lotions, creams, and body care products to enhance the sensory experience for users.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is pleasing aroma contributes to the overall product appeal.
Perfumers and fragrance developers may use dimethyl benzyl carbinol in niche or specialty fragrance formulations, creating unique and distinctive scents for specific markets or preferences.

Given its pleasant scent, dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be included in aromatherapy blends, massage oils, or other wellness products where the aromatic experience contributes to relaxation or mood enhancement.
While less common, in some instances, dimethyl benzyl carbinol might find application in culinary settings where a specific floral or balsamic note is desired in certain dishes or beverages.
In the context of personal hygiene products, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be included in the formulation of scented hand sanitizers or disinfectants, contributing to a pleasant fragrance.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol might be used in the production of scented industrial cleaning products, providing a more appealing odor during or after cleaning processes.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be incorporated into air purifiers or fresheners designed for home or commercial use, contributing to the improvement of indoor air quality and providing a pleasant scent.
Fragrance compounds, including dimethyl benzyl carbinol, are sometimes used in products designed to enhance mood or create a specific ambiance, such as relaxation aids, mood enhancers, or products for meditation.

In the manufacturing of artificial flowers or decorative items, dimethyl benzyl carbinol may be added to simulate a natural floral scent, enhancing the realism of the artificial products.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol might find use in scented paper products, including scented stationery, notebooks, or other paper-based items.
Fragrance compounds are sometimes incorporated into packaging materials, such as scented cardboard or wrapping paper, to add an olfactory element to the unboxing experience.

In theme parks or entertainment venues, fragrances, including dimethyl benzyl carbinol, might be used in scented gels, potions, or immersive experiences to enhance the overall atmosphere.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol can be applied to textiles during the manufacturing process to create scented fabrics used in clothing, linens, or home textiles.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol might be featured in novelty products, seasonal items, or limited-edition releases where a specific fragrance profile is desired to match a theme or occasion.

Safety Profile:
Inhalation of vapor or mist may cause respiratory irritation.
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol is advisable to use proper ventilation or personal protective equipment, such as a mask, in areas where the compound is being handled or processed.
Prolonged or repeated contact with the skin may cause irritation.

Dimethyl benzyl carbinol's recommended to use protective gloves and, if necessary, protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
In case of contact, wash the affected area with plenty of water.
Contact with the eyes may cause irritation.

In case of eye contact, it's important to rinse the eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
While not intended for ingestion, accidental ingestion may lead to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
If ingested, seek medical attention immediately and provide information about the ingested substance.