Monomuls 90-L also provides our bodies with a great boost that helps us get the upper hand on long-term infections like Epstein-Barr virus.
Monomuls 90-L is chemical formula is C15H30O4.
Monomuls 90-L is a chemical made from lauric acid, which is found in coconut oil and human breast milk.

CAS Number: 142-18-7
Molecular Formula: C15H30O4
Molecular Weight: 274.4
EINECS Number: 205-526-6

Monomuls 90-L is a very safe nutritional way to fight off infections that may arise during the cold/flu season.
Most common hospital and foodborne infections have become resistant to the effects of traditional antibiotics, and people are dying of formerly treatable conditions.
Monomuls 90-L is derived from lauric acid, a medium-chain saturated fatty acid found in coconut oil.

Monomuls 90-L has antimicrobial, antiviral, and antibacterial properties.
In nature, Monomuls 90-L is a precursor to Monomuls 90-L, which is an even more powerful antimicrobial agent than lauric acid.
Monomuls 90-L has been shown in research to treat Candida albicans infections, whilst also controlling the pro-inflammatory response of the body to the fungus.

Several species of ringworm and the parasite Giardia lamblia may also be inactivated or destroyed by Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L is a monoester formed from glycerol and the saturated fatty acid lauric acid.
Monomuls 90-L is also commonly referred to by its chemical name glycerol monolaurate (GML).

Both lauric acid and the monoester Monomuls 90-L are found in coconut oil, human breast milk and palm kernel oil.
Monomuls 90-L is possible for the body to convert lauric acid into Monomuls 90-L via enzyme activity, but how much this conversion process occurs is still fairly unknown.
Monomuls 90-L is pure sn-1 Monomuls 90-L (glycerol monolaurate) a natural, plant-based medium chain fat derived from lauric acid.

The same Monomuls 90-L received from mother’s milk, saw palmetto, and bitter melon – embraced by both immune system and your digestive tract.
Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement derived from lauric acid, a fatty acid found in coconut oil.
Monomuls 90-L is used for the common cold, flu (influenza), shingles (herpes zoster), and other infections, but there is no good scientific evidence to support its use.

Monomuls 90-L is a chemical derived from lauric acid and glycerin, and is a byproduct of coconut fat.
For the past two decades, research scientists have been investigating possible applications for Monomuls 90-L in medicine, sanitization, and food preservation.
Antibiotic resistance has become a worldwide problem.

Monomuls 90-L is a chemical made from lauric acid, which is found in coconut milk and breast milk.
Monomuls 90-L is a compound derived from lauric acid, a medium-chain fatty acid found in coconut oil and breast milk.
Monomuls 90-L is used to support immune health and may help to reduce inflammation.

Monomuls 90-L is derived from lauric acid and glycerin, and is a byproduct of coconut fat.
Monomuls 90-L also occurs naturally in breast milk.
Monomuls 90-L is an organic compound made from lauric acid.

Monomuls 90-L is chemical formula is C15H30O4.
Other names for Monomuls 90-L include glycerol monolaurate, glyceryl laurate or 1-lauroyl-glycerol.
Monomuls 90-L is a 1-monoglyceride and a dodecanoate ester.

Monomuls 90-L (abbreviated GML; also called glycerol monolaurate, glyceryl laurate, and 1-lauroyl-glycerol) is a monoglyceride.
Monomuls 90-L is known for its antimicrobial properties, and Monomuls 90-L is created by glycerolysis, a process that removes the glycerol molecule from lauric acid.
Monomuls 90-L is an encapsulated formula of Monomuls 90-L (glycerol monolaurate), a form of lauric acid, which is the predominant fatty acid in coconut and palm kernel oils and is also present
in human breast milk.

Monomuls 90-L also contains Vitamin C for added immune benefit.
Monomuls 90-L is a component of coconut oil.
Monomuls 90-L increases their immune response, making them more resilient to bacterial, viral and fungal infections.

Monomuls 90-L is a naturally-occurring fat present in both coconut oil and breast milk.
Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement derived from lauric acid - a medium chain fatty acrid present in coconut and palm oil.
Existing research explores Monomuls 90-L’s potential to exhibit antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties in controlled laboratory studies.

The literature review below explores some of these studies, their results, and potential impact on supporting a healthy immune system.
Also known as glycerol monolaurate or glyceryl laurate, Monomuls 90-L is used in cosmetics and as a food additive.
Monomuls 90-L has shown antibacterial and antiviral effects when examined in test tubes and culture dishes, which is referred to as in vitro testing.

Researchers are currently investigating its usefulness in clinical settings.
This article looks at the potential benefits and side effects of Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L is a natural plant-based medium chain fatty acid derived from lauric acid.

Monomuls 90-L is the same Monomuls 90-L that exists in mother’s milk and that supports immune system and digestive health.
Monomuls 90-L is all natural and free from any potential drug interactions or coconut allergens.
To be taken for long-term support and general health and wellness.

Monomuls 90-L is safe for children and pets.
Monomuls 90-L is an anti-microbial agent that protects the immune system from a range of infectious agents.
Monomuls 90-L is a glyceride ester derivative of lauric acid, a fatty acid found naturally in breast milk and certain vegetable oils.

This fatty acid has been used as a germicidal agent for centuries.
Monomuls 90-L was originally discovered when microbiologists studied human breast milk to determine the antiviral substances which protected infants from microbial infections.
Monomuls 90-L has been shown to protect newborns, whose immune systems are underdeveloped, from Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and other respiratory tract viruses (1,2).

Monomuls 90-L was found to have even greater viral activity than lauric acid.
As a dietary supplement, Monomuls 90-L has shown exciting results as an anti-viral and anti-bacterial agent.
Monomuls 90-L, also known as glyceryl monolaurate, glyceryl laurate, or 1-Lauroyl-glycerol, is a monoglyceride (a single molecule of glycerol attached to a fatty acid).

Coconut oil is 48% Monomuls 90-L, which is valued for its use in the food and health supplement industries.
Monomuls 90-L converts to Monomuls 90-L in the body.
Some scientists believe Monomuls 90-L might be a promising antimicrobial.

Ongoing research is exploring its antibacterial and antiviral effects and safety.
Monomuls 90-L is an organic substance that is formed by the interaction of glycerol and lauric acid.
The largest amount of this substance is contained in coconut oil; it consists of almost half of Monomuls 90-L.

Monomuls 90-L is also found in breast milk (7%).
Monomuls 90-L has been suggested that Monomuls 90-L is what protects newborn babies from infectious diseases.
Monomuls 90-L is known for its antimicrobial and antiviral properties.

Monomuls 90-L has been studied for its potential to combat various bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
The mechanism of action is thought to involve disrupting the lipid membranes of microorganisms, thereby affecting their structure and function.
Monomuls 90-L, and consequently Monomuls 90-L, is naturally present in coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and human breast milk.

Coconut oil is often highlighted for its content of Monomuls 90-L, and some individuals use Monomuls 90-L supplements as a concentrated form of this compound.
While research is ongoing, some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may have potential health benefits, particularly in terms of its antimicrobial and antiviral effects.
Monomuls 90-L has been studied for its potential in addressing conditions like certain bacterial infections and viral illnesses.

Monomuls 90-L is available in supplement form, often marketed as a natural immune support supplement.
Monomuls 90-L comes in capsules, powders, or liquids.
Monomuls 90-L's important to note that the efficacy and safety of Monomuls 90-L supplements can vary, and individuals should consult with healthcare professionals before using them.

Besides coconut oil, lauric acid is found in lower amounts in various foods, including palm kernel oil, dairy products, and certain meats.
However, coconut oil is considered one of the richest food sources of Monomuls 90-L.
While there is some research supporting the antimicrobial properties of Monomuls 90-L, more studies are needed to establish its effectiveness in various health applications conclusively.

Monomuls 90-L is believed to exert its antimicrobial effects by disrupting the lipid bilayer of the microbial cell membrane.
This interference with the membrane structure can lead to the disintegration of the microbial cell, potentially inhibiting its ability to replicate and causing its demise.
Monomuls 90-L has been studied for its potential antiviral activity against a range of viruses, including certain types of influenza, herpes simplex viruses (HSV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

However, Monomuls 90-L's important to note that research is ongoing, and more evidence is needed to establish its efficacy in treating viral infections.
While coconut oil contains lauric acid, which the body can convert into Monomuls 90-L, the concentration of Monomuls 90-L in coconut oil is relatively low.
Some individuals choose to take Monomuls 90-L supplements to get a more concentrated form of this compound.

Monomuls 90-L has been explored for its potential as an additive in animal feed to promote animal health and prevent infections.
Monomuls 90-L is antimicrobial properties may contribute to controlling bacterial challenges in animal husbandry.
Some research suggests that Monomuls 90-L may possess anti-inflammatory properties.

This could have implications for conditions involving inflammation, although more research is needed to understand the extent of these effects.
While Monomuls 90-L has shown promise in various areas, including antimicrobial effects, it's important to approach its use with caution, especially in chronic or serious health conditions.
Professional medical advice is crucial before using Monomuls 90-L as a primary or complementary treatment.

Monomuls 90-L is the mono-ester formed from glycerol and lauric acid.
Monomuls 90-L is found in coconut oil and may be similar to other monoglycerides found in human breast milk.
Monomuls 90-L can be ingested in coconut oil and the human body converts it into Monomuls 90-L.

Furthermore, coconut oil, coconut cream, grated coconut and others products are sources of Monomuls 90-L and, consequently, Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L and their esters (such as Monomuls 90-L) are well known for having antimicrobial activity.
The level of antimicrobial activity (of fatty acids and their esters) however, differs depending on variable factors such as fatty acid chain length, saturation and functional groups.

Among many other immune-supportive compounds, human breast milk contains both lauric acid and Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L has long been known that breast feeding is highly beneficial to babies through antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.
In a 2019 study published in Scientific Reports, researchers found human breast milk to contain high levels of Monomuls 90-L.

They also found human breast milk to be inhibitory to pathogen growth, to have anti-inflammatory activity and that both are in part dependent on Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L is considered to be one of the more potent antimicrobial agents, among fatty acids and their esters, and is estimated to be around 200 times more effective than lauric acid.
Monomuls 90-L is believed to work as an antimicrobial mainly by disrupting lipid bi-layers.

Monomuls 90-L has demonstrated broad inhibitory activity against a number of common enveloped viruses, yet not against non-enveloped viruses.
Since viral envelopes are composed of lipid bi-layers this adds further weight to its likely mode of action as mainly being disruptive to the lipid bi-layer.
Unlike many conventional antiviral agents, Monomuls 90-L is not associated with induced resistance and is safe and well tolerated.

In addition, Monomuls 90-L has demonstrated anti-bacterial activity against many gram-positive bacteria, but not entirely with gram-negative bacteria.
Monomuls 90-L has been used to aid in the treatment of common cold, flu, shingles, herpes, candida, ringworm, and chronic fatigue syndrome.
Although Monomuls 90-L is exact mechanisms as an antiviral are unknown, it is said to work by binding to the lipid-protein envelope of the virus, thereby preventing it from attaching and entering host cells.

In other words, Monomuls 90-L prevents infection and replication by destroying the viral envelope.
Monomuls 90-L also appears to increase the effectiveness of other anti-bacterial agents in vitro4 and has demonstrated effectiveness against several bacterial biofilms.
Monomuls 90-L is a 1-monoglyceride with dodecanoyl (lauroyl) as the acyl group.

Melting point: 63 °C
Boiling point: 186 °C / 1mmHg
Density: 0.9764 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.4350 (estimate)
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: Practically insoluble in water
form: powder to crystal
pka: 13.16±0.20(Predicted)
color: White to Almost white

Monomuls 90-Ls a specially extracted and purified humic acid with Monomuls 90-L, olive leaf extract, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus cell wall fragments.
The ability of Monomuls 90-L to disrupt biofilms could have implications for certain infections.
Some research has explored the potential of Monomuls 90-L in addressing respiratory infections, including those caused by certain bacteria and viruses.

However, more clinical studies are needed to validate these findings.
In some studies, Monomuls 90-L has been shown to work synergistically with certain antibiotics, enhancing their antimicrobial effects.
This suggests a potential role in combination therapies for bacterial infections.

Monomuls 90-L has been investigated for its impact on gastrointestinal health.
Research in animal models has suggested potential benefits in modulating gut microbial balance, but more studies are needed to determine its effects in humans.
Monomuls 90-L works by binding to the lipid-protein envelope of the virus, thereby preventing it from attaching and entering host cells, making infection and replication impossible.

Other studies show that Monomuls 90-L disintegrates the viral envelope, killing the virus.
Some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may have antifungal properties and could be effective against Candida species, which are types of yeast that can cause infections.
However, more research is needed to confirm its efficacy in treating fungal infections.

In addition to oral supplements, Monomuls 90-L is sometimes included in topical products such as creams or ointments.
These formulations may be used for conditions like skin infections or as a part of skincare routines, although research on the effectiveness of topical Monomuls 90-L is limited.
Monomuls 90-L is sometimes used in combination with other antimicrobial agents to create synergistic effects.

The idea is that combining different compounds with antimicrobial properties may enhance their overall effectiveness against a broader range of microorganisms.
Monomuls 90-L is naturally present in small amounts in human breast milk.
Monomuls 90-L is believed to contribute to the infant's immune defense, providing protection against various microbial threats.

Some Monomuls 90-L supplements come in liposomal formulations.
Monomuls 90-Ls are the organic components of soil, peats, brown coals, shales, and lake sediments, formed from decomposed plant material.
They are complex, long-chain molecules, varying in molecular weight from 5,000 to 50,000 daltons.

Due to its antimicrobial properties, Monomuls 90-L has been explored for its potential in acne treatment.
Some formulations may include Monomuls 90-L as part of products designed for individuals with acne-prone skin.
While there is ongoing research into the potential health benefits of Monomuls 90-L, there are still gaps in our understanding, and more rigorous clinical trials are needed to establish its
efficacy, safety, and appropriate uses conclusively.

Monomuls 90-L avoid sunlight, rain.
Store in unbroken packaging at the cool, dry and well-ventilated place.
The storage temperature should below 28 ℃ to minimise the agglomeration (the natural tendency).

Ecological Formulas’ Monomuls 90-L provides your body with a strong dose of lauric acid in the form of Monomuls 90-L‚ which your body is easily able to absorb.
This supplement is designed to help you get healthy and protect you from further infections.
Monomuls 90-L can be beneficial in the treatment of colds, flus and other respiratory infections.

Monomuls 90-L can help the body fight mild yeast infections.
Monomuls 90-L can help fight intestinal infections.

Monomuls 90-L can help reduce the recurrence of cold sores.
Monomuls 90-L source of healthy fats that support cardiovascular health.
Monomuls 90-L is a form of lauric acid that is easier for the body to absorb

Monomuls 90-L has antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial properties and can help support the immune system.
Monomuls 90-L can reduce the number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote infection fighting leukocytes.
Monomuls 90-L can help you get healthy and protect you from further infections.

Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement derived from coconut oil that has been linked to a variety of health benefits.
Monomuls 90-L has been shown to have antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, making it a great choice for boosting the immune system.
Monomuls 90-L has also been found to reduce inflammation, which can help with conditions such as arthritis and asthma.

Additionally, Monomuls 90-L has been shown to help reduce cholesterol levels, which can help improve heart health.
Finally, Monomuls 90-L has been linked to improved digestion, as it helps to break down fats and proteins in the digestive tract.
Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement derived from lauric acid, a fatty acid found in coconut oil.

Monomuls 90-L is believed to have antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.
While it is generally considered safe, there are some potential risks associated with taking Monomuls 90-L.
These include an increased risk of bleeding, an allergic reaction, and an increased risk of kidney stones.

Additionally, Monomuls 90-L may interact with certain medications, such as blood thinners, and may cause an upset stomach or diarrhea.
Monomuls 90-L is important to speak with a healthcare professional before taking any dietary supplement.
Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement that is regulated differently across the world.

Monomuls 90-L is regulated as a dietary supplement by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
In the European Union, Monomuls 90-L is regulated as a food supplement by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
In Canada, Monomuls 90-L is regulated as a natural health product by Health Canada.

In Australia, Monomuls 90-L is regulated as a complementary medicine by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA).
In India, Monomuls 90-L is regulated as a food supplement by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI).
Monomuls 90-L is derived from lauric acid which is found naturally in coconut oil and human breast milk

Monomuls 90-L has been researched for its potential to inactivate certain viruses, bacteria, yeast, and other microbes in vitro (in the lab) and in vivo (in the body)
Monomuls 90-L can be taken as a dietary supplement in various forms and has been classified by the FDA as “Generally Recognized as Safe” (GRAS).
There are different considerations to when and how to take Monomuls 90-L, which include an introductory period to potentially avoid a “Herxheimer reaction” as well as an ongoing maintenance dose.

Monomuls 90-Ls are the most abundant source of non-living organic material found in nature.
Monomuls 90-L is made from lauric acid, a saturated fatty acid that comprises approximately 50% of the fatty acid content of coconut oil.
Monomuls 90-L makes up 6% of the fatty acid content found in human breast milk, and 3% of that found in cow’s milk and goat’s milk.

Monomuls 90-L is a simple natural compound with remarkable potential that can be taken in dietary supplement form.
With significant antimicrobial activity against a wide range of viral and bacterial pathogens, yet without negative effects, Monomuls 90-L is a valuable addition to your immune health toolkit at any time of the year.
Monomuls 90-L works by destroying lipid-coated viruses such as herpes, cytomegalovirus, influenza, and various pathogenic bacteria and protozoa.

Monomuls 90-L has demonstrated antibacterial activity against various types of bacteria.

Some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may be effective against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, among others.
Monomuls 90-L has been investigated for its potential to disrupt biofilms.
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and can be more resistant to antibiotics.

Uses:
Monomuls 90-L is used to inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and can be used to extend the shelf life of food products.
Monomuls 90-L in capsule form as a dietary supplement
Monomuls 90-L is sold as a dietary supplement and as an ingredient in certain foods.

The United States Food and Drug Administration categorizes it as generally recognized as safe.
Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement that is used to support immune health, digestive health, and skin health.
Monomuls 90-L is also used to help fight off viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens.

Monomuls 90-L is a dietary supplement that is used in the food industry as an antimicrobial agent.
Monomuls 90-L is also used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in food products, and can be used to improve the texture and flavor of food.
Monomuls 90-L has been studied for its potential to combat various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and certain fungi.

Some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may be effective against certain viruses, including herpes simplex viruses (HSV), influenza viruses, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
However, further research is needed to determine its clinical relevance in treating viral infections.
Monomuls 90-L has demonstrated antibacterial activity against a range of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Monomuls 90-L may be explored for potential use in addressing bacterial infections.
Research indicates that Monomuls 90-L may exhibit antifungal properties, making it a subject of interest in the context of fungal infections.
Some individuals use Monomuls 90-L supplements as a part of their wellness routine for immune support.

Monomuls 90-L is antimicrobial properties and potential to modulate the immune response make it an area of interest for those seeking natural immune-boosting supplements.
Monomuls 90-L has been investigated for its potential benefits in skincare.
Some formulations, such as creams or ointments, may include Monomuls 90-L for its antimicrobial properties and potential applications in addressing skin conditions.

Monomuls 90-L has been studied for its ability to disrupt biofilms.
Biofilms are protective layers formed by microorganisms, and disrupting them could have implications for preventing or treating certain infections.
Research in animals suggests that Monomuls 90-L may influence gut microbial balance, indicating potential benefits for gastrointestinal health.

However, more studies are needed to understand its effects in humans.
Some research has explored the potential of Monomuls 90-L in addressing respiratory infections, including those caused by bacteria and viruses.
Monomuls 90-L is known for its antimicrobial properties, which may include antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal effects.

Monomuls 90-L is a coemulsifier for oil-in-water emulsions.
Monomuls 90-L is also a super fattening agent that promotes absorption and has a bacteriostatic effect.
Monomuls 90-L is used as an antimicrobial agent in various formulas and microemulsions and as a methane mitigation agent in ruminants.

Monomuls 90-L is often marketed as a dietary supplement for immune support.
Some people use it as a part of their wellness routine to potentially enhance immune function, but the evidence supporting its efficacy in this regard is limited.

Monomuls 90-L is generally regarded as safe for most people when used at recommended doses.
However, like any supplement, Monomuls 90-L may cause side effects in some individuals.
Monomuls 90-L's important to follow recommended dosage guidelines and consult with a healthcare professional.

While some studies have shown promising results regarding Monomuls 90-L's antimicrobial properties, it's essential to acknowledge that research in this area is still developing, and not all findings are conclusive.
Because the Monomuls 90-L exists in crude latex, having the ability of resist pathogenic microbe inflection, extensively be applied in the infant milk powder, rice flour etc.
Monomuls 90-L is used in baked product extensively, having the function for increase the quality of rice and flour production.

Monomuls 90-L is a kind of broad spectrum antibiotic, which is safe, efficient and extensive.
Monomuls 90-L can inhibit some kinds of virus and a lot of bacteria and bioplasm.
Monomuls 90-L is used as an emulsifier in sanitarian foods and other foods such as bread, cake, streamed bread and moon-cake.

Monomuls 90-L has been studied in combination with certain antibiotics, and there is evidence suggesting that it may work synergistically with these medications.
This could have implications for combination therapy in addressing bacterial infections.
Monomuls 90-L has been investigated for its potential use in animal health, particularly in preventing infections in livestock.

Monomuls 90-L may be added to animal feed as an additive to promote overall health and well-being.
Some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may possess anti-inflammatory properties.
This could be relevant for conditions involving inflammation, although more research is needed to understand the extent of these effects.

Some studies have investigated the potential of Monomuls 90-L in addressing tick-borne illnesses.
Monomuls 90-L has been explored for its antimicrobial effects against pathogens transmitted by ticks, although further research is needed to determine its effectiveness.
While Monomuls 90-L is primarily recognized for its antimicrobial effects, some research suggests that it may also have antioxidant properties.

Antioxidants play a role in neutralizing free radicals and may contribute to overall cellular health.
Limited research has explored the potential neuroprotective effects of Monomuls 90-L.
Some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may have a protective role in neurological conditions, although more research is needed in this area.

Preliminary studies have investigated the potential anticancer properties of Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L has been studied for its effects on cancer cells in laboratory settings, but further research, including clinical trials, is required to understand its potential role in cancer prevention or treatment.
Monomuls 90-L is used in meat product, dairy product and fruit and vegetable for make the time of preservation longer.

Monomuls 90-L is most commonly used as a surfactant in cosmetics, such as deodorants.
As a food additive Monomuls 90-L is also used as an emulsifier or preservative.
Monomuls 90-L is also marketed as a dietary supplement.

Monomuls 90-L is used as a food additive, emulsifier, and as a preservative in ice cream, margarine, spaghetti, and other processed foods.
Monomuls 90-L and its derivatives, including Monomuls 90-L, have been explored for their antimicrobial properties in the context of food preservation.
They may be considered as natural alternatives to synthetic preservatives.

Some research has explored the potential use of Monomuls 90-L as an insect repellent.
Monomuls 90-L may have applications in formulations designed to deter certain insects, although more research is needed to establish its effectiveness.
While research is limited, some studies suggest that Monomuls 90-L may have potential benefits for cardiovascular health.

Monomuls 90-L may influence lipid metabolism, but more studies are needed to understand the mechanisms and clinical significance.
Monomuls 90-L has been investigated for its potential benefits in addressing skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis.
Monomuls 90-L may be included in formulations designed to soothe and moisturize the skin, although more research is needed in this area.

Monomuls 90-L has been explored for potential applications in dental care.
Monomuls 90-L is use in oral hygiene products to address bacteria associated with oral health issues.
The antimicrobial properties of Monomuls 90-L may make it a candidate for inclusion in formulations designed to support wound healing and prevent infection in cuts and abrasions.

However, more research is needed in this specific application.
Some Monomuls 90-L supplements come in liposomal formulations, which are believed to enhance absorption.
These formulations may be explored for their potential benefits in delivering Monomuls 90-L more effectively to target tissues.

Monomuls 90-L is a component of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), and some individuals may choose to consume MCT oil as a source of lauric acid and, consequently, Monomuls 90-L.
Monomuls 90-L oil is known for its quick absorption and energy-providing properties.

Monomuls 90-L commonly used in deodorants, cosmetics, detergents, and insecticides and as an equipment sanitizer in manufacturing.
some people take Monomuls 90-L as a dietary supplement.

Safety Profile:
Monomuls 90-L's crucial to inform your healthcare provider about any supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Starting with a lower dose and gradually increasing may help minimize these effects.
Monomuls 90-L supplements may interact with certain medications.

Monomuls 90-L could potentially enhance the effects of anticoagulant medications.
There is limited information regarding the safety of Monomuls 90-L supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Monomuls 90-L's recommended to perform a patch test or start with a lower dose to monitor for any adverse reactions.

High doses of Monomuls 90-L, especially when starting supplementation, may cause gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, diarrhea, or stomach cramps in some individuals.
Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult with their healthcare provider before using Monomuls 90-L supplements.
Choosing reputable brands and discussing supplement use with a healthcare professional is advisable.

Dietary supplements, including Monomuls 90-L supplements, are not regulated in the same way as pharmaceutical drugs.
The quality, purity, and potency of supplements can vary between brands.
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to specific components of supplements, including Monomuls 90-L.

Synonyms
Monomuls 90-L
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl dodecanoate
142-18-7
1-Monomuls 90-L
Glyceryl monolaurate
Lauricidin
GLYCERYL LAURATE
1-Glyceryl laurate
Glycerol 1-laurate
27215-38-9
1-Monolauroyl-rac-glycerol
1-Monododecanoylglycerol
Glycerol monolaurate
Laurin, 1-mono-
Glycerin 1-monolaurate
Glycerol 1-monolaurate
Lauric acid 1-monoglyceride
Dodecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl laurate
Glyceryl monododecanoate
1-Lauroyl-rac-glycerol
DL-alpha-Laurin
Glycerides, C12-18
.alpha.-Monomuls 90-L
67701-26-2
3-Dodecanoyloxy-1,2-propanediol
(+-)-Glyceryl 1-monododecanoate
Dodecanoic acid alpha-monoglyceride
glyceryl 1-laurate
Glycerin monolaurate
(+-)-2,3-Dihydroxypropyl dodecanoate
Dodecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol
Glycerol .alpha.-monolaurate
WR963Y5QYW
40738-26-9
DTXSID5041275
CHEBI:75543
Lauric acid .alpha.-monoglyceride
1-Monomuls 90-L;1-Lauroyl-rac-glycerol
Lauric acid, monoester with glycerol
Dodecanoic acid .alpha.-monoglyceride
NSC698570
NSC-698570
NCGC00164528-01
alpha-Monomuls 90-L
1-monolauroylglycerol
DTXCID3021275
Glucerol alpha-monolaurate
Monolauroylglycerin
CAS-142-18-7
Lauric acid alpha-monoglyceride
C15H30O4
EINECS 205-526-6
UNII-WR963Y5QYW
Lauricidin R
Cithrol GML
rac-1-Monomuls 90-L
MG 12:0
Hodag GML
Glycerox L 8
Lauricidin 802
Lauricidin 812
1-dodecanoylglycerol
EINECS 266-944-2
Grindtek ML 90
Dimodan ML 90
Imwitor 312
Sunsoft 750
Sunsoft 757
Monomuls 90L12
rac-1-lauroylglycerol
Aldo MLD-K-FG
Glycerol 1-dodecanoate
Tegin L 90
rac-1-dodecanoylglycerol
AI3-03482
SDA 16-001-00
rac-1-monolauroylglycerol
Glycerol alpha-monolaurate
Poem M 300
EC 205-526-6
EC 266-944-2
Glycerol monolaurate (VAN)
Glycerol .alpha.-dodecanoate
SCHEMBL16042
MLS004773952
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl laurate #
CHEMBL510533
CHEBI:75539
GLYCEROL 1-MONODODECANOATE
1-Lauroyl-rac-glycerol, >=99%
UNII-Y98611C087
1,2,3-Propanetriol 1-dodecanoate
MAG 12:0
NSC 4837
rac-2,3-dihydroxypropyl dodecanoate
EINECS 248-337-4
Tox21_112159
Tox21_300759
MFCD00037815
(.+/-.)-Glyceryl 1-monododecanoate
AKOS016005827
Dodecanoic acid,3-dihydroxypropyl ester
NCGC00164528-02
NCGC00164528-03
NCGC00164528-04
NCGC00254663-01
5-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-2-PYRIMIDINAMINE
AS-60593
NCI60_035284
SMR001254002
(+/-)-GLYCERYL 1-MONODODECANOATE
(.+/-.)-2,3-Dihydroxypropyl dodecanoate
HY-121620
FT-0625428
FT-0626744
FT-0774814
G0081
M 300
Y98611C087
(+/-)-2,3-DIHYDROXYPROPYL DODECANOATE
H10813
L-1475
A885218
Q2113676

MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE; Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt; Dipotassium dihydrogenphosphate; Potassium dihydrogenorthophosphate; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Potassium Phosphate Monobasic; Kaliumdihydrogenorthophosphat; Dihidrogenoortofosfato de potasio (Spanish); Dihydrogénoorthophosphate de potassium cas no: 7778-77-0

MONOETHANOLAMINE; Aminoethyl Alcohol; Beta-Aminoethanol; 2-Amino-ethanol; Ethanolamine; 1-Amino-2-hydroxyethane; 2-Amino-1-Ethanol; 2-Aminoaethanol German); 2-Aminoetanolo (Italian); 2-Aminoethanol; Aethanolamin (German); Beta-Aminoethyl Alcohol; Beta-ethanolamine; Beta-hydroxyethylamine; Colamine; Etanolamina (Italian); Ethylolamine; Glycinol; MEA; Monoaethanolamin (German); cas no: 141-43-5

Monophenylglykol is an organic chemical compound, a glycol ether often used in dermatological products such as skin creams and sunscreen.
Monophenylglykol is a colorless oily liquid.
Monophenylglykol is a bactericide (usually used in conjunction with quaternary ammonium compounds).

CAS: 122-99-6
MF: C8H10O2
MW: 138.16
EINECS: 204-589-7

Monophenylglykol is used in many applications such as cosmetics, vaccines and pharmaceuticals as a preservative.
Monophenylglykol is an aromatic ether that is phenol substituted on oxygen by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.
Monophenylglykol has a role as an antiinfective agent and a central nervous system depressant.
Monophenylglykol is a primary alcohol, a glycol ether and an aromatic ether.
Monophenylglykol is functionally related to a phenol.
Monophenylglykol is an organic compound.
Monophenylglykol is an ether of phenol with ethylene glycol with the molecular formula C 8 H 10 O 2 .
Monophenylglykol is a preservative that is used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

Monophenylglykol is a glycol ether with a phenolic hydroxyl group that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.
Monophenylglykol has been found to be effective at concentrations between 0.1% and 1%, with an optimum concentration of 0.2%.
Monophenylglykol can be used as a disinfectant for wastewater treatment plants as well as in animal feedlots and animal housing facilities.
Monophenylglykol is also toxic to blood cells and can cause damage to cell nuclei when used at higher concentrations (>0.5%).
The levels of phenoxyethanol in the environment are typically low (0.01 parts per billion).

Monophenylglykol Chemical Properties
Melting point: 11-13 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 247 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.102 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 4.8 (vs air)
Capor pressure: 0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.539
FEMA: 4620 | 2-PHENOXYETHANOL
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: soluble, clear, colorless to very faintly yellow
pka: 14.36±0.10(Predicted)
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless
Specific Gravity: 1.109 (20/4℃)
Odor: Faint aromatic odor
PH Range: 7 at 10 g/l at 23 °C
PH:7 (10g/l, H2O, 23℃)
Explosive limit: 1.4-9.0%(V)
Odor Type: floral
Water Solubility: 30 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,7257
BRN: 1364011
InChIKey: QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.2 at 23℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 122-99-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Monophenylglykol (122-99-6)
EPA Substance Registry System: Monophenylglykol (122-99-6)

Monophenylglykol is a colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a faint pleasant odor and burning taste.
Monophenylglykol is a tried-and-tested preservative, which is welltolerated by the skin and has a low allergy risk.
Monophenylglykol can be used over a wide pH range.
This means that other preservatives can lose their effectiveness if the product is not within the right pH range.
Monophenylglykol does not smell unpleasant or change the color of the product, which can be the case when using natural antimicrobial substances.
At room temperature, phenoxyethanol is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slightly aromatic, rose-like smell, which is slightly soluble in water.
The vapor pressure function results from Antoine corresponding to log 10 (P) = A−(B/(T+C)) (P in bar, T in K) with A = 5.13710, B = 2379.346 and C = −54.424 in the temperature range from 351 K to 518 K.

Uses
Monophenylglykol is a broad-range preservative with fungicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal, and germicidal properties.
Monophenylglykol has a relatively low sensitizing factor in leave-on cosmetics.
Monophenylglykol can be used in concentrations of 0.5 to 2.0 percent, and in combination with other preservatives such as sorbic acid or parabens.
In addition, Monophenylglykol is used as a solvent for aftershaves, face and hair lotions, shampoos, and skin creams of all types.
Monophenylglykol can be obtained from phenol.
Monophenylglykol at a 1.0% level acts as a preservative in personal care products.

Monophenylglykol is a preservative used in consumer and health care products, including vaccines, pen inks, ear drops, shampoos, skin cleansers, moisturizers, sun care products, and topical medicaments.
The preservative Monophenylglykol also contains 2-phenoxyethanol, in combination with methyldibromoglutaronitrile.
Monophenylglykol is commonly used in cosmetics for its antibacterial and antifungal properties.
Monophenylglykol is increasingly being used in vaccines as a substitute for thiomersal and is also a component of pen inks and, more rarely, ear drops.
Reactions to phenoxyethanol have rarely been reported.
Three cases of CoU induced by phenoxyethanol in cosmetics have been reported.
Monophenylglykol is used as a single agent and in combination with other preservatives such as Monophenylglykol and parabens, or in conjunction with quaternary ammonium compounds.
The possibility of immunological IgE-mediated reaction could not be confirmed because specific IgE against 2-phenoxyethanol was negative.
Antimicrobial preservative; also used topically in treatment of bacterial infections.

Monophenylglykol has germicidal and germistatic properties.
Monophenylglykol is often used together with quaternary ammonium compounds.
Monophenylglykol is used as a perfume fixative; an insect repellent; an antiseptic; a solvent for cellulose acetate, dyes, inks, and resins; a preservative for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and lubricants; an anesthetic in fish aquaculture; and in organic synthesis.
Monophenylglykol is an alternative to formaldehyde-releasing preservatives.
In Japan and the European Union, its concentration in cosmetics is restricted to 1%.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Monophenylglykol is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics and topical pharmaceutical formulations at a concentration of 0.5–1.0%; it may also be used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent for vaccines.
Therapeutically, a 2.2% solution or 2.0% cream has been used as a disinfectant for superficial wounds, burns, and minor infections of the skin and mucous membranes.
Monophenylglykol has a narrow spectrum of activity and is thus frequently used in combination with other preservatives,

Industrial uses
Monophenylglykol is used as a preservative in cosmetic formulations at a maximum concentration of 1.0%.
Monophenylglykol is a broad spectrum preservative which has excellent activity against a wide range of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, yeast and mould.
Monophenylglykol is also used as a solvent and, because of its properties as a solvent, it is used in many blends and mixtures with other preservatives.
Monophenylglykol is not registered as a food additive in the EU.
Scognamiglio et al. (ref. 105) reported that 2-phenoxyethanol is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance mixtures (see discussion).
An ester of Monophenylglykol, 2-Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate and 2-Phenoxyacetic acid, the main metabolite of 2-Phenoxyethanol, were mentioned in a WHO publication where 43 flavouring agents in food were evaluated (WHO 2003, AR4), however at intakes assessed to be very low in Europe (around 1 µg/kg bw/day).

Monophenylglykol has a bactericidal effect and is used in dermatological products such as: B. skin cream, used as a preservative, for which the German cosmetics regulation allows a concentration of up to 1%.
Monophenylglykol is used as a replacement for sodium azide in biological buffer solutions because it is less toxic and does not react with copper or lead.
Monophenylglykol is used as a narcoticfor fish, which means it can be used to calm, anesthetize or euthanize fish, depending on the dosage.
Monophenylglykol is also used as a preservative for vaccines in the pharmaceutical industry and is contained in most baby wipes and lubricants.
Monophenylglykol is also used as a solvent in inks, ballpoint pen pastes, printing pastes and stamping inks, as a fixative for perfumes and soaps and in the production of plasticizers and air fresheners.

Reactivity Profile
Monophenylglykol may react violently with strong oxidizing agents.
May generate flammable and/or toxic gases with alkali metals, nitrides, and other strong reducing agents.
May initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.
May cause moderate eye irritation and moderate corneal injury.
Excessive exposure may cause skin irritation and hemolysis.

Contact allergens
Monophenylglykol is an aromatic ether-alcohol used mainly as a preservative, mostly with methyldibromoglutaronitrile (in Euxyl? K 400) or with parabens.
Sensitization to this molecule is very rare.

Production
Monophenylglykol is produced by the hydroxyethylation of phenol (Williamson synthesis), for example, in the presence of alkali-metal hydroxides or alkali-metal borohydrides.
Monophenylglykol has a long history of use, with its discovery credited to the German chemist Otto Schott in the early 20th century.
Since then, Monophenylglykol has been extensively studied and applied in various industries.

Synonyms
2-PHENOXYETHANOL
Phenoxyethanol
122-99-6
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether
Phenyl cellosolve
Phenoxethol
Ethanol, 2-phenoxy-
Phenoxytol
Ethylene glycol phenyl ether
Phenoxetol
2-Phenoxyethan-1-Ol
Phenoxyethyl alcohol
1-Hydroxy-2-phenoxyethane
Rose ether
Phenylmonoglycol ether
Arosol
Dowanol EP
2-Phenoxyethyl alcohol
Glycol monophenyl ether
2-Hydroxyethyl phenyl ether
Phenylglycol
Fenyl-cellosolve
2-Fenoxyethanol
Dowanol EPH
2-Phenoxy-ethanol
Emery 6705
Emeressence 1160
Fenylcelosolv
beta-Hydroxyethyl phenyl ether
EGMPE
NSC 1864
Fenylcelosolv [Czech]
MFCD00002857
PHE-G
.beta.-Hydroxyethyl phenyl ether
2-Fenoxyethanol [Czech]
Fenyl-cellosolve [Czech]
Marlophen P
Plastiazan-41 [Russian]
NSC-1864
Plastiazan-41
Marlophen P 7
Spermicide 741
Tritonyl 45
Ethylan HB 4
Phenoxyethanol [NF]
.beta.-Phenoxyethanol
HSDB 5595
EINECS 204-589-7
9004-78-8
UNII-HIE492ZZ3T
.beta.-Phenoxyethyl alcohol
BRN 1364011
2-Phenoxyethyl--d4 Alcohol
HIE492ZZ3T
AI3-00752()C
CCRIS 9481
Ethylene glycol-monophenyl ether
DTXSID9021976
FEMA NO. 4620
CHEBI:64275
NSC1864
FR 214
Phenoxyethanol (NF)
NCGC00090731-01
NCGC00090731-05
(2-Hydroxyethoxy)benzene
EC 204-589-7
4-06-00-00571 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID401976
Erisept
beta-Phenoxyethanol
CAS-122-99-6
PHE-S
phenylcellosolve
Dalpad A
Phnoxy-2 thanol
Phenoxy -Ethanol
2-phenyloxyethanol
Newpol EFP
2- phenoxyethanol
2-phenoxy ethanol
?-Hydroxyphenetole
2 - phenoxyethanol
2-(phenoxy)ethanol
beta-Hydroxyphenetole
Etanol, 2-fenoxi-
2-phenoxy-1-ethanol
beta-phenoxyethylalcohol
starbld0047047
EPE (CHRIS Code)
2-Phenoxyethanol, 9CI
2-Phenoxyethanol, 99%
ETHANOL,2-PHENOXY
WLN: Q2OR
PHENOXYETHANOL [II]
SCHEMBL15708
2-Phenoxyethanol, >=99%
PHENOXYETHANOL [HSDB]
PHENOXYETHANOL [INCI]
MLS002174254
ethyleneglycol monophenyl ether
Euxyl K 400 (Salt/Mix)
2-PHENOXYETHANOL [MI]
PHENOXYETHANOL [MART.]
PHENOXYETHANOL [USP-RS]
PHENOXYETHANOL [WHO-DD]
2-PHENOXYETHANOL 500ML
CHEMBL1229846
AMY9420
PHENOXYEHTYL ALCOHOL/AROSOL
(C2-H4-O)mult-C6-H6-O
HMS2268A20
NSC1864NSC 1864
HY-B1729
STR04582
Tox21_111002
Tox21_113532
Tox21_202111
Tox21_300842
BBL027410
ETHER, 2-HYDROXYETHYL PHENYL
LS-672
PHENOXYETHANOL [EP MONOGRAPH]
STK802556
2-Phenoxyethanol, analytical standard
Fungal Terminator [veterinary] (TN)
AKOS000118741
Tox21_111002_1
CS-O-02175
DB11304
NCGC00090731-02
NCGC00090731-03
NCGC00090731-04
NCGC00090731-06
NCGC00090731-07
NCGC00090731-08
NCGC00254745-01
NCGC00259660-01
56257-90-0
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, >=90%
LS-72941
SMR000112131
ETHANOL,2-PHENOXY MFC8 H10 O2
Phenoxyethanol, 2-; (Phenyl cellosolve)
CS-0013737
FT-0613280
P0115
P1953
EN300-19339
2-Phenoxyethanol, tested according to Ph.Eur.
D08359
500-013-6 (NLP #)
A805003
Q418038
SR-01000838345
J-510235
SR-01000838345-2
F1905-6997
Z104473570
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, SAJ first grade, >=95.0%
Phenoxyethanol, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Phenoxyethanol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
InChI=1/C8H10O2/c9-6-7-10-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5,9H,6-7H
2-Phenoxyethanol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

DESCRIPTION:

Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) (also, potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula KH2PO4.
Together with dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4.(H2O)x) it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
The salt often cocrystallizes with the dipotassium salt as well as with phosphoric acid.


CAS Number, 7778-77-0
EC Number, 231-913-4


Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt in which dihydrogen phosphate (1-) is the counterion.
Monopotassium phosphate has a role as a fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt and an inorganic phosphate.

Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.


Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature.
At temperatures below −150 °C (−238 °F), they become ferroelectric.


STRUCTURE OF MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Monopotassium phosphate can exist in several polymorphs.
At room temperature it forms paraelectric crystals with tetragonal symmetry.
Upon cooling to −150 °C (−238 °F) it transforms to a ferroelectric phase of orthorhombic symmetry, and the transition temperature shifts up to −50 °C (−58 °F) when hydrogen is replaced by deuterium.

Heating to 190 °C (374 °F) changes its structure to monoclinic.
When heated further, MKP decomposes, by loss of water, to potassium metaphosphate, KPO
3, at 400 °C (752 °F).



MANUFACTURING OF MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Monopotassium phosphate is produced by the action of phosphoric acid on potassium carbonate.


APPLICATIONS OF MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Fertilizer-grade Monopotassium phosphate powder contains the equivalent of 52% P2O5 and 34% K2O, and is labeled NPK 0-52-34.
Monopotassium phosphate powder is often used as a nutrient source in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics.

As a crystal, Monopotassium phosphate is noted for its non-linear optical properties.
Monopotassium phosphate is used in optical modulators and for non-linear optics such as second-harmonic generation (SHG).
Also, to be noted is KD*P, potassium dideuterium phosphate, with slightly different properties.
Highly deuterated KDP is used in nonlinear frequency conversion of laser light instead of protonated (regular) KDP due to the fact that the replacement of protons with deuterons in the crystal shifts the third overtone of the strong OH molecular stretch to longer wavelengths, moving it mostly out of the range of the fundamental line at approximately 1064 nm of neodymium-based lasers.

Regular KDP has absorbances at this wavelength of approximately 4.7–6.3% per cm of thickness while highly deuterated KDP has absorbances of typically less than 0.8% per cm.
Monopotassium phosphate is also used as an ingredient in sports drinks such as Gatorade and Powerade.
In medicine, monopotassium phosphate is used for phosphate substitution in hypophosphatemia


Monopotassium phosphate is used in fertilizers, pH regulators and water treatment products, washing and cleaning products, air care products, textile treatment products, dyes and laboratory chemicals.
Monopotassium phosphate is used in: agriculture, forestry and fisheries and scientific research and development.

Monopotassium phosphate is Used in the manufacture of textiles, leather or fur, chemicals and mineral products (eg plasters, cement).
Monopotassium phosphate is Used in machine washing liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coatings or adhesives, fragrances, air fresheners, coolants in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters.


MAIN USES OF MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Monopotassium phosphate is a high-purity PK fertilizer (0-52-34).
Due to its very low sodium content, Monopotassium phosphate is recommended for use in any type of crop and in any fertigation system (drip irrigation, hydroponics, sprinkles, pivots) or as a foliar spray.
Monopotassium phosphate is 100% soluble in water and is quickly absorbed by plants, which allows to use it for root application through irrigation systems.

Monopotassium phosphate is especially recommended to use in hydroponics, as it virtually does not contain chlorine or insolubles.
Monopotassium phosphate can be mixed with all water-soluble fertilizers, except for calcium fertilizers and concentrated magnesium solutions.
In hydroponic systems, Monopotassium phosphate should normally be added to the B tank along with the sulfates and trace elements.
Monopotassium phosphate has a buffering effect, which will help stabilize the pH of the solution at around 4.5.





CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
Chemical formula, KH2PO4
Molar mass, 136.086 g/mol
Appearance, Colourless crystals or white granular or crystalline powder
Odor, Odorless
Density, 2.338 g/cm3
Melting point, 252.6 °C (486.7 °F; 525.8 K)
Boiling point, 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) , decomposes
Solubility in water, 22.6 g/100 mL (20 °C)
83.5 g/100 mL (90 °C)
Solubility, Slightly soluble in ethanol
Acidity (pKa), 6.86
Basicity (pKb), 11.9
Refractive index (nD), 1.4864
Structure,
Crystal structure, Tetragonal
Space group, I42d
Lattice constant, a = 0.744 nm, b = 0.744 nm, c = 0.697 nm
Molecular Weight
136.086 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
0
Exact Mass
135.93277702 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
135.93277702 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
80.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count
6
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
61.9
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
2
Yes
Density, 2.33 g/cm3 (21.5 °C)
Melting Point, 252.6 °C (decomposition)
pH value, 4.2 - 4.6 (20 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure, Bulk density, 1200 kg/m3
Solubility, 208 g/l
CAS number, 7778-77-0
EC number, 231-913-4
Grade, ISO
Hill Formula, H₂KO₄P
Chemical formula, KH₂PO₄
Molar Mass, 136.09 g/mol
HS Code, 2835 24 00
Molecular weight:, 136.09
GHS-Pictograms:, 00
Synonyms:, Potassium biphosphate; Monopotassium phosphate;
E340; KDP; MKP
Sum formula:, KH2PO4
Assay:, Min. 99 %
CAS-Number:, 7778-77-0
Loss on drying:, max. 0.1 %
EG-Number:, 231-913-4
Pubchem-Number:, 516951
Solubility in water:, 220 g/l (20 °C)
Storage Temperature:, 15 - 25 °C




SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product





SYNONYMS OF MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
K2HPO4
KD2PO4
potassium acid phosphate
potassium dideuterium phosphate
potassium dihydrogen phosphate
potassium monohydrogen phosphate
potassium phosphate
potassium phosphate (K-H2PO4)
potassium phosphate (K-H3PO4(1:2))
potassium phosphate (K2-HPO4)
potassium phosphate (K3-PO4)
potassium phosphate, dibasic
potassium phosphate, monobasic
potassium phosphate, unspecified form
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
7778-77-0
Potassium phosphate monobasic
MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
Monobasic potassium phosphate
Monopotassiumphosphate
Potassium acid phosphate
Potassium phosphate, monobasic
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Monopotassium monophosphate
Monopotassium orthophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate
potassium biphosphate
potassium dihydrogenphosphate
potassium;dihydrogen phosphate
Sorensen's potassium phosphate
Potassium dihydrogenorthophosphate
Potassium phosphate (K(H2PO4))
KH2PO4
Orthophosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
CHEBI:63036
MFCD00011401
4J9FJ0HL51
MKP
Monopotassium dihydrogen monophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:1)
Potassium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous)
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate(V)
HSDB 5046
Potassium orthophosphate, dihydrogen
EINECS 231-913-4
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076413
Potassium hydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4)
UNII-4J9FJ0HL51
Potassium phosphate, monobasic [NF]
mono potassium phosphate
mono-potassium phosphate
EC 231-913-4
Potassium phosphate,monobasic
potassium di-hydrogen phosphate
CHEMBL1200925
DTXSID0035667
INS NO.340(I)
UNII-B7862WZ632
GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
INS-340(I)
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE [INCI]
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate,(S)
EINECS 240-213-8
BDBM50004328
MFCD00147253
AKOS015902364
AKOS028109678
B7862WZ632
DB09413
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:?)
Potassium phosphate, monobasic (JAN/NF)
E-340(I)
Potassium phosphate monobasic, HPLC grade
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Puratronic?
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [II]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [MI]
FT-0645117
MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE [MART.]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [FCC]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [HSDB]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [JAN]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE,MONOBASIC [VANDF]
MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE [USP-RS]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC [WHO-DD]
D02050
Potassium phosphate monobasic, Trace metals grade
Q415049
POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [ORANGE BOOK]
TIS-U-SOL COMPONENT POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC
Potassium phosphate monobasic powder suitable for cell culture
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC COMPONENT OF TIS-U-SOL
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATES COMPONENT MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE COMPONENT OF POTASSIUM PHOSPHATES

MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE = MKP = POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE


CAS Number: 7778-77-0
EC Number: 231-913-4
MDL Number: MFCD00011401
Chemical formula: KH2PO4


Monopotassium Phosphate is nothing but the monopotassium salt of phosphoric acid bearing the formula KH2PO4.
Monopotassium Phosphate is easily soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Monopotassium phosphate is commercially available.
Monopotassium Phosphate produces ceramics of high quality at the time of its reaction with MgO.
The reaction between the chloride or potassium carbonate and the phosphate generally produce the above-mentioned compound.


In the reaction, phosphate is released in pure form as a crystalline material.
The industrial preparation of Monopotassium Phosphate involves adding of 1 mol of a water solution of potassium hydroxide to 1 mol of phosphoric acid.
Monopotassium Phosphate is one of the most important inorganic compounds.
The main utilization of this compound is as fertilizer, food additive and buffering agent.


Sometimes the salt co-crystalizes with the dipotassium salt as well with the phosphoric acid.
IUPAC names of Monopotassium Phosphate are Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Potassium dihydrogen (tetraoxidophosphate) (1- ).
The systematic IUPAC name of Monopotassium Phosphate is Potassium dihyroxidophosphate (1-).
Other names of the compound are Potassium phosphate monobasic, Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt and Potassium biphosphate.


Monopotassium phosphate is the fertilizer, which contains highest amount of major elements, among other soluble fertilizers.
Monopotassium phosphate's formula is KH2PO4.
As Monopotassium phosphate contains no nitrogen, Monopotassium phosphate is appropriate for plants that require intensive use of fertilizers.
Monopotassium phosphate fertilize can be the most suitable source of potassium and phosphorus when nitrogen use is contradictory.


In other times Monopotassium phosphate is also the preferred type of fertilizer as it can be given together with any kind of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium, nitrate or urea nitrogen containing fertilizers).
Monopotassium phosphate is an ionic compound used for electrolyte replenishment and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy.
Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.


Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate are colorless, soluble in water and hygroscopic in nature.
Upon heating through 187°C, phase transition occurs in KH2PO4, crystal system changes from tetragonal to monoclinic, lattice parameters at 195°C are α=7.47Å, b =7.33Å, c =14.49Å, α=ß=90° and γ=92.2.


Monopotassium phosphate is A highly pure phosphate and potassium fertilizer, which dissolves rapidly and contributes to root development in early stages up until flowering and early fruit set.
Potassium helps the plant to become stress resistant strengthens the plant to support its fruits.
Monopotassium Phosphate is odourless.
The physical appearance of Monopotassium phosphate is a white powder which is deliquescent.


The covalently bonded unit of Monopotassium phosphate is 2.
Heavy atom count of Monopotassium Phosphate is 6.
Complexity of Monopotassium phosphate is 61.2.
Monopotassium Phosphate is freely soluble in water.
After dissolving in the water Monopotassium Phosphate forms phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide.


The chemical equation of the above phenomenon is as follows:
KH2PO4 + H2O 🡪 H3PO4 + KOH
Disodium phosphate, water and potassium hydroxide are formed by the reaction between Monopotassium Phosphate and base.
The chemical formula of the above reaction is as follows:
KH2PO4 + 2NaOH 🡪 H2O + KOH + Na2HPO4


The reaction of phosphoric acid on potassium carbonate produces Monopotassium Phosphate.
Approximately 52% of P2O5 and 34% of K2O are contained in fertilizer grade Monopotassium Phosphate powder.
The fertilizer grade Monopotassium Phosphate is symbolised as NPL 0-52-34.
There is a remarkable application of Monopotassium Phosphate in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics as a nutrient.
A modified form of Monopotassium Phosphate is termed as potassium di-deuterium phosphate (KD2PO4).


Non-linear frequency conversion of laser light is done by highly deuterated KDP in place of protonated (regular) KDP because the replacement of protons with deuterons in the crystal shifts the third overtone of the strong OH molecular stretch to longer wavelengths, moving it maximum out of the range of the basic line at apparently 1064 mm of neodymium- based lasers.
Regular KDP has the absorbance power at this particular wavelength of near about 4.7- 6.3% per cm of thickness at the time when highly deuterated KDP has an absorbance of typically less than 0.8% per cm.


CAS number of Monopotassium Phosphate is 7778-77-0.
3D model of the compound appears as an interactive image.
ChEMBL of Monopotassium Phosphate is ChEMBL 1200925.
ECHA InfoCard is 100.029.012.


EC Number of Monopotassium Phosphate is 231-913-4.
E Number of the compound is E340 (I).
RTECS Number of Monopotassium Phosphate is TC6615500.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) (also, potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula KH2PO4.


Together with dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4.(H2O)x) Monopotassium phosphate is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
The salt often cocrystallizes with the dipotassium salt as well as with phosphoric acid.
Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature.
At temperatures below −150 °C (−238 °F), they become ferroelectric.
Monopotassium phosphate is produced by the action of phosphoric acid on potassium carbonate.


Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt in which dihydrogen phosphate(1-) is the counterion.
Monopotassium phosphate has a role as a fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt and an inorganic phosphate.
Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.


Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate has a limited caking sensitivity and is recommended during root and shoot development in early stages, up until flowering and early fruit set.
The presence of Potassium plays an important role in protecting the plant from early stress, as well as providing a good support for the fruits in early fruit set.


As a nitrogen-free fertilizer, Monopotassium phosphate is the preferred source of phosphorus and potassium when nitrogen fertilization should be limited.
For example, early in the growing season, when phosphorus and potassium are needed at high rates for the establishment of root system.
Results from the interaction of phosphoric acid with potassium carbonate in an appropriate ratio.
Monopotassium phosphate is colorless columnar crystal or white crystalline powder.
Monopotassium phosphate's melting point 96 C; d 2.34.


Monopotassium phosphate is stable in air.
Monopotassium phosphate is soluble in about 4.5 water, the aqueous solution is acidic, pH 4. 4~4.7.
Monopotassium phosphate is insoluble in ethanol.
At 400 deg C water loss to form potassium metaphosphate.
Monopotassium Phosphate shall be calculated as dry product, and the content of KH2PO4 shall not be less than 99.0%.


The relative density of Monopotassium phosphate was 2.338.
Monopotassium phosphate is soluble in water (90 deg C for 83.5g/4.6 ml water), aqueous solution is acidic, 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution pH value.
Monopotassium phosphate is insoluble in alcohol.
The transparent liquid melted when heated to 400 °c and solidified to opaque glassy potassium metaphosphate after cooling.


A transparent liquid is formed after melting, and potassium metaphosphate is an opaque glassy substance after cooling and solidification.
Monopotassium Phosphate is colorless crystalline or white crystalline powder or granules or lumps; Odorless.
Monopotassium Phosphate is soluble in water and almost insoluble in ethanol.
Stable in the air.


Monopotassium Phosphate is hygroscopic, easily soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol, slightly alkaline in aqueous solution, dehydration of molecular content when 204, and PH value of 1% aqueous solution is 8.9. Solubility in water: 222g/L (20°C)
Monopotassium Phosphate of the aqueous solution of potassium salt and phosphate identification reaction (General 0301).
Monopotassium phosphate is a white granular product of Monopotassium Phosphate that complies with the specification of the current Food Chemicals Codex for Potassium Phosphate, Monobasic.


Monopotassium phosphate is a free flowing, fine crystalline powder which dissolves quickly in water without any residues.
Monopotassium phosphate is the monopotassium salt of phosphoric acid with the formula KH2PO4.
Monopotassium phosphate is freely soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Commercially available as pure KH2PO4, when reacted with MgO, produces high-quality ceramics.


Monopotassium phosphate is formed by the chloride or potassium carbonate reaction with phosphoric acid, and the phosphate is derived in a pure form as a crystalline material.
Monopotassium Phosphate dissolves in water forms phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide.
The chemical equation is given below.
KH2PO4 + H2O → H3PO4 + KOH


Monopotassium Phosphate reacts with a base like sodium hydroxide forms disodium phosphate, water and potassium hydroxide.
KH2PO4 + 2NaOH → H2O + KOH + Na2HPO4
Mono potassium phosphate is formed when caustic potash lye or caustic potash flakes are added to the solution of phosphoric acid until the desired PH is obtained and further dried to obtain fine quality white powder.


Monopotassium Phosphate provides Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) to aquarium plants, essential macronutrients for healthy plant growth and survival.
Monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4), provides essential K and P aquarium macronutrients, vital to plant growth and ATP energy transfer.
Available to plants in aquarium as phosphates compound (PO4), functions as plant food, and commonly sourced from organic waste from fish and plant decay.


For plants to thrive and be free of algae, phosphates must be in optimal concentration.
For example, tanks with higher lighting and less fish load will need to supplement PO4.
Phosphates may be present in both organic and inorganic forms, both readily used and critical in plants.
All energy transfers depend on phosphates, and the lack of sufficient PO4 will result in stunted growth and discoloration.
aids in cell membrane function, plants food, phospholipids, nucleic acids DNA and RNA, enzymes, Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) energy transfer


Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt in which dihydrogen phosphate(1-) is the counterion.
Monopotassium phosphate has a role as a fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt and an inorganic phosphate.|Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.


Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate (also potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate, MKP) -- KH2PO4 -- is a soluble salt which is used as a fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium, and is a buffering agent.
When used in fertilizer mixtures with urea and ammonium phosphates, Monopotassium phosphate minimizes escape of ammonia by keeping the pH at a relatively low level.


Monopotassium phosphate has a low salt index which makes Monopotassium phosphate the ideal phosphorus and potassium-containing fertilizer for fertigation.
The purity of Monopotassium phosphate allows both elements to be easily taken up.
Monopotassium phosphate is an excellent source of phosphorus and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate is a clean, fully water soluble phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.


Monopotassium phosphate is Fine crystalline powder which dissolves quickly in water.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) (also, potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula KH2PO4.
Monopotassium phosphate has role fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is a inorganic phosphate.


Monopotassium phosphate is a potassium salt.
With Monopotassium phosphate's low salt index, Monopotassium phosphate is recommended for use in any type of crop and fertigation system: drip irrigation, hydroponics, sprinkles, pivots, or foliar spray.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) with formula KH2PO4, is manufactured from phosphoric acid and potassium carbonate.
Monopotassium phosphate is a water soluble, hygroscopic, white, odourless powder.


Monopotassium phosphate fertilizer is a two-component phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is fully water-soluble, high-quality crystalline.
Intended for fertigation and foliar fertilization of agricultural, orchard and horticultural crops.
Monopotassium phosphate is an excellent source of potassium and phosphorus.


Monopotassium phosphate, fertilizer is high-grade, two-component crystalline fertilizer, completely soluble in water.
Monopotassium phosphate is an excellent source of phosphorus and potassium in the case of limited nitrogen demand.
Monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) is white crystals, containing 51.5% phosphorus (P2O5) and 34% potassium (K2O).
Monopotassium phosphate is one of the crucial fertilizers that plants need at early growing stages to establish their root system.


Monopotassium phosphate's high purity and solubility in water make Monopotassium phosphate a highly efficient source of phosphorous and potassium for plants.
MonoPotassium Phosphate (KH2PO4), also known as MKP: Contains 35% K2O and 52% P2O5.
MKP fertilizer is a full name Monopotassium phosphate.


Stool containing 2 main nutrients is phosphorus (52%) and potassium (34%) in completely soluble form, so Monopotassium phosphate is often used as foliar fertilizer or mixed into drip irrigation system.
Monopotassium phosphate does not contain protein, so Monopotassium phosphate is easy to adjust the amount of nitrogen fertilizer according to crop needs.
Monopotassium phosphate is often used in periods of high demand for phosphorus and potassium.


When sprayed in the period of seedlings with 4-6 leaves, Monopotassium phosphate helps root system to develop early, plants absorb nutrients easily and thus increase drought resistance.
Due to the absence of protein, Monopotassium phosphate is often used in the rainy season to replace potassium nitrate (KNO3) in order to provide potassium to increase crop yield and to limit some diseases such as blast, sheath, and blight. letter
Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) is a fully water-soluble mono-potassium phosphate fertilizer, a highly efficient source of phosphorus and potassium for plants.


As a nitrogen-free fertilizer, Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) is the preferred source of phosphorus and potassium, when nitrogen fertilization should be limited.
A common case is at early growing season, when phosphorus and potassium are needed at high rates for the establishment of root system.
Application of Monopotassium phosphate, at the productive stages of sugar-rich fruit crops helps to increase sugar content and to improve the quality of these.


Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, KH₂PO₄, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion which is used as a fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate is also a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) is a potential option for fertigating phosphorus (P) in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) when petioles are low in P and high in nitrogen (N); which is a situation where using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) could potentially result in excessive N application.


Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) or potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) is a soluble phosphoric acid salt of potassium with the chemical formula KH2PO4.
Monopotassium phosphate water-soluble fertilizer is a preferred source of phosphorus and potassium when nitrogen fertilization should be limited.
Monopotassium phosphate is a water-soluble monopotassium phosphate fertilizer and an effective phosphorus source.


Monopotassium phosphate dissolves easily and fully and stays in a solution ready for root adsorption or is absorbed through leaf surfaces.
Monopotassium Phosphate, also known as MKP and Potassium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate, is an odourless white crystalline powder.
Monopotassium phosphate is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.
Monopotassium phosphate quickly dissolves to provide the much needed phosphorous and potassium to plants at all growth stages, in hydroponics as well as soil grown crops.


Monopotassium phosphate is free of chlorine, sodium and heavy metals.
Monopotassium phosphate is suitable for all fertigation systems through drip irrigation, NFT, sprinklers, centre pivots and lateral movement irrigation systems.
Monopotassium Phosphate is a chemical compound that finds immense application in the fertilizer industry in the manufacturing of potash and other fertilizer products.


Monopotassium phosphate is formed when caustic potash lye or caustic potash flakes are added to the solution of phosphoric acid until the desired PH is obtained and further dried to obtain fine quality white powder.
Monopotassium phosphate is a rich source of phosphorous and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) is the inorganic, free flowing, crystalline powder.


Monopotassium phosphate is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
The salt often co-crystallizes with the dipotassium salt as well as with phosphoric acid.
Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature.
At temperatures below −238 °F, they become ferroelectric.


Monopotassium phosphate is one of the most widely used straight fertilizers in tailor-made crop recommendations.
Monopotassium phosphate's high phosphorus and potassium content makes Monopotassium phosphate very flexible to be used in hydroponics, easily meeting the plant’s needs for these nutrients.
Monopotassium phosphate is a high-purity PK fertilizer (0-52-34).


Due to Monopotassium phosphate's very low sodium content, Monopotassium phosphate is recommended for use in any type of crop and in any fertigation system (drip irrigation, hydroponics, sprinkles, pivots) or as a foliar spray.
Monopotassium phosphate is 100% soluble in water and is quickly absorbed by plants, which allows to use it for root application through irrigation systems.


Monopotassium phosphate is especially recommended to use in hydroponics, as it virtually does not contain chlorine or insolubles.
Monopotassium phosphate can be mixed with all water-soluble fertilizers, except for calcium fertilizers and concentrated magnesium solutions.
In hydroponic systems, Monopotassium phosphate should normally be added to the B tank along with the sulfates and trace elements.
Monopotassium phosphate has a buffering effect, which will help stabilize the pH of the solution at around 4.5.


Monopotassium phosphate is a fully water-soluble mono-potassium phosphate fertilizer, a highly efficient source of phosphorus and potassium for plants.
As a nitrogen-free fertilizer, Monopotassium phosphate is the preferred source of phosphorus and potassium when nitrogen fertilization should be limited.
For example, early in the growing season, when phosphorus and potassium are needed at high rates for the establishment of root system,


Application at the productive stages of sugar-rich fruit crops helps to increase sugar content and to improve the quality of these.
Application of Monopotassium phosphate reduces premature flower dropping and fruit shedding.
Monopotassium phosphate gives a significant increase in yield when sprayed at the time of flowering, fruit formation, and grain filling stages.
Monopotassium phosphate also improves the quality of the produce.


Monopotassium phosphate contains high quality macro and essential nutrients and chloride free ingredients.
Monopotassium phosphate can be applied to the crop by fertigation or through foliar spraying.
Monopotassium phosphate is fine crystalline powder which dissolves quickly in water without any residues.
Monopotassium phosphate is generally immediately available in most volumes.


Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion which is used as a fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate is also a buffering agent


Monopotassium Phosphate, an eco-friendly fertilizer makes for strong roots when your plants need it most.
Monopotassium Phosphate is also a critical source of nutrition for sugar-rich foods such as fruits who experience an increased sugar content leading to a fresh, ripe and delicious harvest.
Monopotassium phosphate is a derivative of Phosphoric Acid.


Monopotassium phosphate is soluble in water.
Monopotassium phosphate is a white crystalline powder with a melting point of 252oC.
Monopotassium phosphate should be stored in tightly closed containers in a Room Temperature.
Monopotassium phosphate, the most concentrated straight fertilizer with phosphorus.


Monopotassium phosphate is a high purity product, totally soluble in water and fast dissolving.
Monopotassium phosphate is the most concentrated straight fertilizer containing phosphorus.
Monopotassium phosphate is Fully soluble P and K for all fertigated crops under drip irrigation, sprinkler systems, pivots or jets.
Monopotassium phosphate is a fully soluble fertilizer.


Monopotassium phosphate does not contain nitrogen and is low in sodium, which makes sure the product does not curdle.
Monopotassium phosphate contributes to the plant's transport and creation of sugars, starch and acids.
Monopotassium phosphate increases the fruit's quality and preservability and stimulates the growth of the root's and fruit's.
In addition, the transport of energy in the plant's cell is handled and the elements in the fertilizer contribute to the building blocks for cell walls.


Monopotassium phosphate, MKP, (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate), KH2PO4, is a soluble salt of potassium and the dihydrogen phosphate ion.
Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium as well as a buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate (also potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KDP, or monobasic potassium phosphate, MKP) — KH2PO4 — is a soluble salt which is used as a fertilizer, a food additive and a fungicide.


Monopotassium phosphate is a source of phosphorus and potassium.
Monopotassium phosphate Is a source of phosphorus and potassium and is also a buffering agent.
A buffering agent helps to stabilize PH.
Phosphorus is an essential to the process of photosynthesis and is involved in the production of all oils, starches and sugars.


Both stress reducer as well as maturation facilitator phosphorus affects rapid growth while boosting flower and root development.
Potassium is responsible for water loss and absorption as well as the ability to endure colder temperatures.
Potassium is also necessary in the formation of sugars, starches and carbohydrates needed for protein synthesis and cell division.
Potassium aids in protein formation, photosynthesis, fruit/flower quality, and disease reduction.



USES and APPLICATIONS of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
A notable utilization of Monopotassium Phosphate is as an ingredient in sports drinks like Gatorade and Powerade.
Monopotassium Phosphate is vastly used as a crystal for its non-linear optical properties.
Monopotassium phosphate applied in optical modulators and for non-linear optics like a second harmonic generation.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used for open field fertigation, greenhouses, foliar application and as a raw material for different fertilizers.


Monopotassium Phosphate is one of the most vastly used compounds in the agricultural industry.
Since Monopotassium phosphate is freely soluble in water it is very easy to use in the field.
Monopotassium Phosphate is commercially available at a very cheap rate and the farmers can buy this for agriculture.
Monopotassium Phosphate is used in the preparation of sodium phosphates, ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates and other phosphates.
Monopotassium phosphate is also used in eggs, low sodium products, meat products and milk products for colour preservation.


Monopotassium phosphate maybe used to produce flurescence emmisionin carbon dots, buffers, pH control agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, water retention agent, antioxidant in foods.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.
Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications.


Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use, and in wastewater treatment.
Used to provide a source soluble source of potassium and phosphorus.
Used in Agriculture and as buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate contains no such hazardous elements such as chlorine, sodium or heavy metals, Monopotassium phosphate can be applied safely to all kinds of products.


It is demonstrated that Monopotassium phosphate fertilizer application via leaves prevents fungi growth.
When mixed with pesticides it is shown that Monopotassium phosphate increases the effectiveness of such pesticides.
Application of Monopotassium phosphate at the productive stages of sugar-rich fruit crops helps to increase sugar content and to improve the quality of these.
Monopotassium phosphate is often used as a nutrient source in the greenhouse trade and in hydroponics.


Monopotassium phosphate can be applied in combination with other fertilizers to meet crop nutritional needs throughout the growth cycle. -Monopotassium phosphate's high purity and water-solubility make Monopotassium phosphate an ideal fertilizer for Nutrigation (Fertigation) and for foliar application.
Monopotassium phosphate is suitable for preparation of fertilizer blends and production of liquid fertilizers.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.


Monopotassium phosphate is used in nonlinear frequency conversion of laser light instead of protonated (regular) KDP due to the fact that the replacement of protons with deuterons in the crystal shifts the third overtone of the strong OH molecular stretch to longer wavelengths, moving it mostly out of the range of the fundamental line at approximately 1064 nm of neodymium-based lasers.
Regular KDP has absorbances at this wavelength of approximately 4.7–6.3% per cm of thickness while highly deuterated KDP has absorbances of typically less than 0.8% per cm.


As a crystal, Monopotassium phosphate is noted for Monopotassium phosphate's non-linear optical properties.
Used in optical modulators and for non-linear optics such as second-harmonic generation (SHG).
Monopotassium phosphate is used as an ingredient in sports drinks such as Gatorade and Powerade.
In medicine, monopotassium phosphate is used for phosphate substitution in hypophosphatemia.
Used as analysis reagent, pH buffer.


Used for the preparation of buffer, determination of arsenic, antimony, phosphorus, aluminum and iron I preparation of phosphorus standard solution and haploid breeding medium, determination of serum inorganic phosphorus, alkaline acid enzyme activity, preparation of bacterial serum test Leptospira medium and the like.
Monopotassium Phosphate is also used for the generation of harmonics of piezoelectric elements, electro-optical elements and laser light.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.


Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) is used in preparation of high solids clay slurries.
Used for Industrial use for preparing chemical mixtures
Used for Professional preparation of fertiliser products
Used for Professional use as farm fertiliser: loading and spreading.
Used for Professional use as fertiliser in greenhouses.


Used for Professional use as fertiliser, maintenance of equipment.
Together with dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4.(H2O)x) Monopotassium phosphate is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
Monopotassium phosphate often cocrystallizes with the dipotassium salt as well as with phosphoric acid.
Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature.
At temperatures below −150 °C (−238 °F), they become ferroelectric.


Used for Professional use as liquid fertiliser in the open field (e.g. fertigation).
Used in the production of fertilizer mixtures,
Used for fertilizing agricultural, fruit and gardening crops,
Used under cover and in field areas.
Monopotassium phosphate is used during the early stages of plant growth.


Monopotassium phosphate is used in the production of fertilizer mixtures and directly as a fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate's main use is fertigation and foliar fertilization of agricultural, orchard and horticultural crops both under cover and in the field.
Monopotassium phosphate called phosphorous-potassium fertilizer, is used to create liquid fertilizers and multi-component solid fertilizer mixtures.


Monopotassium phosphate is best used during the early stages of plant growth.
Monopotassium phosphate is also used to compose liquid fertilizers and solid multi-component fertilizer mixtures.
Monopotassium phosphate is used as a buffering agent, fertiliser and as a fungicide.
Used for Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal), Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents, Intermediates, Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories, Plating agents and surface treating agents, Adhesives and Sealants,


Used for Agricultural Products, Building and Construction Materials, Lawn and Garden Care Products, Paints and Coatings, Photographic Supplies, Film, and Photochemicals
Monopotassium phosphate is widely used as a buffering agent for the determination of PH value
Monopotassium phosphate is also used as a food additive and as a fungicide
Monopotassium phosphate when used with urea and ammonium phosphates, helps to capture ammonia gas in soil, by keeping PH level low


Monopotassium phosphate is a rich source of phosphorous and potassium
Used for industrial use, water treatment, enzyme process, several animal feed, buffering agents in several pharmaceutical process, higher agriculture grade fertilizers, and other uses, as well as we manufacture
Used to all pharmaceutical, AR, Indian Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia, Food, Animal Feed, Seafood and laboratory reagent grade standards.


Monopotassium phosphate is used for fertilising aquatic plants in an aquarium.
Monopotassium phosphate, also known as MKP, is a fertiliser used to provide phosphorus and potassium for plants.
Monopotassium phosphate is the basis of many fertilisers and is very soluble in water.
Along with monopotassium phosphate, potassium sulphate and potassium nitrate are also used.


Used as a fertilizer because it contains potassium and phosphate that can be applied to both the soil and foliage.
Used in the manufacture of sodium phosphates, ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates and other phosphates.
For colour preservation, Monopotassium phosphate is used in eggs and is also used in low-sodium products, meat products and milk products.
Monopotassium phosphate is suited to application through all fertigation systems hydroponics, drip systems, low throw sprinklers, centre pivots and spray units.


Monopotassium phosphate, otherwise known as MKP is a product synonymous with fruit production that is widely used, primarily as a flower boosting green fruit supporter.
Monopotassium phosphate is used because of its weakly acidic salt, buffer capacity, and nutrient source capability.
Monopotassium phosphate (or MKP) is used in the Feed, but also used in the food fertilizer, ceramic and also being used as a flame-retardant.
Used in Feed, Food, Ceramic, Fertilizer.


Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) can be applied in combination with other fertilizers, to meet crop nutritional needs throughout the growth cycle.
Monopotassium phosphate's high purity and water-solubility make Monopotassium phosphate an ideal fertilizer for fertigation and for foliar application.
Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) is suitable for preparation of fertilizer blends and production of liquid fertilizers.
When applied as foliar spray, Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) acts as a suppressor of powdery mildew.


Stimulating plants to develop buds; promote the differentiation of flowering, high flowering, high fruiting rate; limit the loss of young flowers and fruits; Rice flowering in bulk, anti-choking.
Helps quickly transport nutrients to fruits, tubers and seeds; increase the sweetness of fruit trees; increase starch content for tubers and rice plants; extend storage time.
Increased tolerance (cold, drought, alum ...); resistance to pests and diseases


Monopotassium Phosphate (KH2PO4) also known as potassium dihydrogenphosphate is an inorganic compound that is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.
Used in Canned Fish, Processed Meats, Sausages & Ham, Baked Goods, Canned & Dried Vegetables, Chewing Gum, Candy, Crackers, Cereal, Fruit Juices, Dairy Products, Seasonings, Soft Drinks, pH Adjuster, Cosmetic Products
Used in agriculture: Phosphate rich and potassium rich, suitable for fertilizing plants in the period of flowering and fruit set.


Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) is a potential option for fertigating phosphorus (P) in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) when petioles are low in P and high in nitrogen (N); which is a situation where using ammonium polyphosphate (APP) could potentially result in excessive N application.
Monopotassium phosphate has a number of uses across both manufacturing, industrial and horticultural including use in fertilisers, corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents, paints, adhesives, sealants and coatings, intermediates and surface treatment agents.
Used in microbial fermentation in the production of MSG, bread yeast; used as micro-fertilizer, ...


Used in Raw materials for fertilizer production.
Monopotassium phosphate is suitable for use on any growing medium through irrigation systems and can be used for foliar spraying when rapid response is needed.
Monopotassium phosphate is suitable for use primarily in mangoes and cashews before flowering. Often useful for groundnuts, soya beans, and vegetables.


Monopotassium phosphate contains Phosphate and ultra-high Potassium in an easy-to-absorb form that helps plant growth; hard, against falling; flowering concentrates, fruit setting evenly.
Helps seedlings to develop strong roots, resist root choking; increase water and nutrient absorption; helps plants recover quickly after planting or is flooded, drought, organic poisoning.
Potassium salt of Phosphoric Acid (P359200), used in various chemical processes as a phosphorylating compound.


Monopotassium phosphate can be applied in combination with other fertilizers to meet crop nutritional needs throughout the growth cycle. -Monopotassium phosphate's high purity and water-solubility make Maxi MKP an ideal fertilizer for fFertigation and for foliar application.
Monopotassium phosphate is a completely soluble fertilizer consisting of potassium and phosphorus, recommended for vegetables, berries, vines, flowers, turf and ornamentals.


Used in the preparation of prosthetics and collagen nanocomposites due to the bone-like properties. pH buffer.
Monopotassium Phosphate is used as a thickener, emulsifier, sequestrant, acidity regulator, humectant and stabilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is used in dessert mixes, pasteurized processed cheese, cheese spreads, jelly products, cheese foods, non diary powdered coffee creams and sauces, vitamin waters and energy drinks.


Used in Fertilizer production to keep the pH at a lower level
Monopotassium Phosphate (MKP) is used in sports beverages, coffee creamers, processed cheese and for fortification.
Monopotassium phosphate is also used in water soluble fertilizer applications as a great source of potassium and phosphorous nutrients for healthy plant life.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in fertilizer mixtures to reduce escape of ammonia by keeping pH low.


Monopotassium phosphate can be used as a source of phosphorus and potassium when a pure product is needed in the fertilizer scheme.
Monopotassium phosphate can be added to the scheme without any risk for extra chloride, sodium and heavy metals.
Thanks to the low amount of sodium (less than 300 ppm), Monopotassium phosphate can be used in soil and substrate, but also in hydroculture.
Monopotassium phosphate is suitable to be mixed with many crop protection products and has a buffering function for the liquid in the tank.


Monopotassium phosphate is used to provide a high source of potassium and phosphorous in a water soluble form.
Commonly used as part of a feeding program in an ‘A’ and ‘B’ tank system in greenhouse production.
Monopotassium phosphate can also be used in field agriculture situations.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used as a source of high quality phosphorus and potassium.


Used For fertigated greenhouses, vegetables, fruits and flowers in any growing medium, as well as in open fields and orchards.
Monopotassium phosphate is Highly efficient source of soluble P and K for soluble NPK's and liquid fertilizers.
Monopotassium phosphate is Ideal for foliar application, having a triple action: Feeding of the plants.
Biopesticide: Monopotassium phosphate is fungicidal agent for disease control (especially powdery mildew disease).


Monopotassium phosphate is pH buffering of the spray solution.
With Monopotassium phosphate's low salt index, mono potassium phosphate is recommended for use in any type of crop and fertigation system: drip irrigation, hydroponics, sprinklers, pivots, or foliar spray.
Used in Agricultural Chemicals, Agriculture Intermediates, Animal Nutrition & Feed, Crop Protection, Food & Beverage, Food Additives, Household, Industrial & Institutional Chemicals, Oil Field Services, Pesticides


Used inAgriculture & Animal Care, Chemical & Materials Manufacturing, Food & Beverage, HI&I - Household, Industrial & Institutional, Oil & Gas
Monopotassium phosphate is fertilizer for hydroponics, fertigation, foliar nutrition and special starters.
Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications.
Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use and in wastewater treatment.


Monopotassium phosphate is used as a Fertilizer.
Monopotassium phosphate is also used in Pulp & Paper Processing; Textiles; Metal Treatment Industry & in Buffers for determination of pH.
Monopotassium phosphate is suited to application through all fertigation systems – hydroponics, drip systems, low throw sprinklers, centre pivots and spray units.
Monopotassium phosphate has an ideal pH value of 5 (±0,5) to improve the spraying liquid and efficiency of the crop protection products.



SYNTHESIS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
The major raw material to all the phosphates is Phosphoric Acid. Phosphoric Acid is manufactured from Rock Phosphate.
Phosphate rock is fed to a series of reactors along with recycled phosphoric acid from the process.
The phosphoric acid-fluoroapatite slurry is mixed with sulphuric acid which is added to the reactor series as a leaching agent.
After completing the reaction series, the process stream is washed with evaporator condensate while being forced through a filter.
The filter cake is composed primarily of gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O).
The Phosphoric Acid is concentrated to 75-100% by a series of evaporators and then cooled.
Monopotassium phosphate is manufactured by taking a reaction between Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4).
The resulting slurry of Monopotassium phosphate is solidified in a granulator.



BENEFITS of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Suitable for all crops
-Improves luster, uniform color, and taste
-Since P and K are specially structured and designed, this will give excellent growth in all the stages of the crop namely seedling stage, vegetative stage, reproductive stage, and ripening stage
-Since pesticides and fungicides are very compatible with this product, all pesticides and fungicides can be mixed when applying Monopotassium phosphate.
-Monopotassium phosphate helps in the development of the roots.
Helps develop flowering in crops
-Monopotassium phosphate is a completely water-soluble fertilizer that provides readily available potassium and phosphorus.
-Monopotassium phosphate is free from toxic elements for plants such as chloride, sodium etc.
-Monopotassium phosphate is healthy for plants and human consumption.
-Monopotassium phosphate is the most readily available source of potassium and phosphorus fertilizer.
-Highly-concentrated source of both Phosphorus and Potassium for plants
-Ideal for application at reproductive (fruit setting) stage of fruit crops. -Increases sugar content thereby quality of fruits
-Suitable for both foliar spraying and drip irrigation
-Low salt content prevents clogging of drip system



DIRECTIONS for USE of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Monopotassium phosphate is one of the most used straight fertilizers in tailor made crop recommendations.
The high content level of Phosphorus and Potassium makes the product very flexible to be used in hydroponics matching easily the plant’s needs for these nutrients.
Recommended dilution rate = 10-15 kg / 100 liter. (100-150 grams / 1 Litre)



DIFFERENT KINDS of FOOD CONTAINS MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE AS FOOD ADDITIVES:
Monopotassium phosphate is derived from potassium phosphate which is a solvent salt that is frequently utilized as a fertilizer, a food additive, and fungicide.
Monopotassium phosphate is white/colorless in the form of crystalline granule or powder.
Monopotassium phosphate is mainly used as an ingredient in emulsifying salts for processed cheese products, and a component in Gatorade and meat products.

Monopotassium phosphate consists of the dietary minerals potassium and phosphorus in the form of phosphate.
Monopotassium Phosphate is used as a source of potassium (which is an electrolyte) and as a preservative.
Monopotassium phosphate in the food industry is used as food additives to stabilize and control food’s acidity and moisture.
Monopotassium phosphate's buffer properties allow pH value to be stabilized, the ionic strength of food to be improved, and the adhesion of water to the food holding ability to be increased.

Monopotassium phosphate is also widely used in the manufacture of flavoring agents, fermentation additives, baked goods, yeast food, and nutritional fortifiers.
Food additives are chemical that helps in preserving flavor or taste, appearance, or other qualities of food.
For centuries, certain additives have been used; for example, the preservation of food with pickling, bacon, salting, and preserving sweets or using sulfur dioxide as with wines.

In the second half of the 20th century, with the introduction of processed foods, many more natural and artificial additives were discovered.
Monopotassium phosphate effectively maintains and improves the shelf life of processed foods.
Monopotassium phosphate is an additive commonly found in dairy products, frozen meals, fruit juices, canned fish, cereal, soup, and vegetables.
Generally speaking any processed food including fast food might contain a phosphate additive such as monopotassium phosphate.
Below are different kind of foods that use monopotassium phosphate as food additives:

-Dairy Products:
The use of monopotassium phosphate varies in dairy products varies in different continental regions.
The use of additives is becoming more frequent in dairy products such as plain milk, whey, cream, and yogurt.

-Frozen Meals:
Frozen meals preserve food products from the time it is cooked till the time that is finally consumed.
The use of monopotassium phosphate in frozen meals is needed to prevent the degradation of the food.

-Fruits and Vegetables:
Food additives play an important role in fruits and vegetable processing to ensure the quality and safety of the product.
During fruit processing, a number of food additives were added to preserve and enhance the taste of the fruits.

-Cereal:
The role of food additives is to enrich foods with nutrients.
In quantities not higher than found in the food before processing, nutrients are added.
Cereal foods are a great example of an enriched food for preservation.



ADVANTAGES of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Improves root and shoot growth
-Limits vegetative growth as of fruit setting
-Developed for fertigation in open field and greenhouses.
Also suitable for foliar application
-Low on heavy metals
-Low on Sodium and Chloride
-Easy to handle, dissolve and apply
-Fully water-soluble
-Consists of 100% plant nutrients
-Free of chloride, sodium and other detrimental elements for plants
-Safe for plants and humans: has a moderately low pH and low salt index
-Suitable for the Nutrigation, foliar application and fertilizer blends
-Very low salt index.
-Free of chlorine, sodium and impurities, make the product very safe for foliar applications
-Monopotassium phosphate exerts a buffering effect which tends to stabilize the pH of the nutritive solutions.
-The absence of Nitrogen in Monopotassium phosphate permits application of the most appropriate ratio of P:K for different stages: rooting, flowering, fruit set or ripening and harvest, stages where lower level of Nitrogen is required.
-Very pure free-flowing due to unique production process
-Maximum flexibility in use of Nitrogen
-Maximum content-safety
-Plant supporter when foliar applied
-No ammonia; the best fit for hydroponic growing systems
-Ideal for open-field fertigation
-Great crop starter, flower initiation
-Ideal tank buffer
-Monopotassium phosphate has a guaranteed nutrient content of 85,5 points of P and K.
This makes Monopotassium phosphate a very concentrated product.
Due to the unique production process of Monopotassium phosphate 0,5% SO4 is part of the formulation which keeps Monopotassium phosphate always and unconditionally free-flowing.
-When using Monopotassium phosphate the flexibility is high.
Monopotassium phosphate can be used in combination with any Nitrogen-containing fertilizer.
There is optimum freedom to choose the ideal fertigation program for the crops that are grown.
-Monopotassium phosphate is very safe.
Monopotassium phosphate does not contain chlorides, sodium or relevant heavy metals.
-Fully water-soluble
-Consists of 100% plant nutrients
-Free of chloride, sodium and other detrimental elements for plants
Safe for plants and humans: has a moderately low pH and low salt index
-Suitable for the fertigation, foliar application and production of fertilizer blends and nutrient solutions
-Monopotassium phosphate (MKP) is a widely used phosphorus and potassium fertiliser for plants, Monopotassium phosphate results in optimal flower production, root growth and nutrient uptake of plants.
-Fully Water Soluble
-Instant uptake of nutrients by the plants resulting in significant and quick improvement in crop will be seen
-Free of chloride, sodium and other detrimental elements for plants
-Through this application, nutrient uptake efficiency will be enhanced as losses due to leaching volatilization will be minimized
-Since P and K are specially structured and designed, this will give an excellent growth in all the stages of crop namely seedling stage, vegetative stage, reproductive stage and ripening stage
-The nutrients are textured and cohesively balanced.
Hence, this will give better result and excellent yield in all crops like fruits, vegetables, flowers, field crops, foliage crops etc.



MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE AS FOLIAR SPRAY:
Foliar application of Monopotassium Phosphate is an optional supplement to soil fertilization at growth stages when high levels of phosphorus and potassium are required.
At early season foliar application with Monopotassium Phosphate promotes the establishment of healthy root system.
Monopotassium Phosphate is an efficient suppressor of powdery mildew in susceptible crops (deciduous, vineyards, mango, cucumbers, melons, roses and others).
Application of 1% Monopotassium Phosphate mixed with systemic fungicides improves the efficiency and enable to reduce application rates of the latter.
On young leaves, spray concentration of 1.0% Monopotassium Phosphate is recommended in most crops.
On mature leaves and more tolerant crops, concentration of 2.0% may be applied.



PRODUCTION PROCESS of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
There are many production methods of Monopotassium Phosphate, which can be summarized as neutralization method, extraction method, ion exchange method, double decomposition method, direct method, crystallization method and electrolysis method.
The production process of neutralization method, followed by organic extraction, double decomposition method, ion exchange method.

-neutralization method:
A 30% solution of caustic potash or potassium carbonate is sent to a neutralizer and neutralized with 50% phosphoric acid solution under stirring at a temperature of 80-100 °c and a pH of 4-5, the neutralized product is obtained by filtration, concentration, cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying, and the crystallization mother liquor is returned to the concentration section for reuse.
The process flow of producing potassium dihydrogen phosphate by neutralization method's chemical reaction formula is:
H3PO4 +KOH = KH2PO4 + H2O
2H3PO4 +K2CO3=2KH2PO4 + H2O + CO2↑
Features: short process flow, mature technology, less equipment, high product quality, low energy consumption, less investment.
The method uses thermal phosphoric acid and potash as raw materials, which has high production cost and is difficult to apply in agriculture.
It is mainly used for the production of food, medicine and industrial grade potassium dihydrogen phosphate, but there is no other way to shake the dominance of its products in the food industry.
At present, the national production capacity of neutralized potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for more than 90% of the total production capacity.

-extraction method:
Organic extraction method and inorganic extraction method, the current industrial method for the organic extraction method.
The organic extraction method is a method for preparing potassium dihydrogen phosphate by selectively using an organic solvent for extraction and separation according to the characteristic that the organic solvent has different solubilities for different compounds.
It is in the presence of a suitable organic solvent (S), through the reaction of potassium chloride and phosphoric acid, the generated hydrochloric acid is almost extracted into the organic solvent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is crystallized from the aqueous phase, washed and dried to obtain the product potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mother liquor is recycled after separation.
Hydrochloric acid is back-extracted from the organic phase by the stripping agent, and the extracting agent is recycled in the process.

-ion exchange method:
K + is adsorbed from the solution by potassium chloride solution through styrene cation exchange resin, and then the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is replaced by the resin to prepare potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, which is then concentrated, after cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying, the finished potassium dihydrogen phosphate is obtained, and the crystallization mother liquor is returned to the concentration section for reuse.



TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-project industrial agriculture:
first-class product
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4 on dry basis) content,% ≥ 98.0 97.0 96.0 92.0
Moisture content,% ≤ 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0
PH 4.3-4.7 4.3-4.7
Water-insoluble matter content,% ≤ 0.20 0.50 -
Chloride (Cl) content,% ≤ 0.20 -
Iron (Fe) content% ≤ 0.003
Arsenic (As) content,% ≤ 0.005
Heavy metal (Pb) content,% ≤ 0.005
Potassium chloride (K2O on dry basis) content,% ≥ 33.9 33.5 33.2 31.8

-Food additive potassium dihydrogen phosphate:
project indicators
Food Grade
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4 on dry basis) content,% ≥ 98.0
Loss on drying content% ≤ 1.0
Water-insoluble matter content,% ≤ 0.2
Arsenic (As) content,% ≤ 0.0003
Heavy metal (Pb) content,% ≤ 0.002
Fluoride (in F) content,% ≤ 0.001
Lead (in terms of Pb) content,% ≤ 0.0005



APPLICATION METHOD of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Monopotassium phosphate fertilizer is suitable for application via leaves.
As pH value of water used via sprinkler systems can be maintained at around 4,5, thanks to Monopotassium phosphate fertilizer absorption of all major and trace elements is facilitated.
Thanks to low EC value (0,7 mS/cm) risks for burns in leaves are too low and therefore it may even be used in high concentrations.
Monopotassium phosphate may be mixed with any soluble fertilizer; yet should not be used together with fertilizers containing calcium (Ca).



STRUCTURE of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Monopotassium phosphate can exist in several polymorphs.
At room temperature Monopotassium phosphate forms paraelectric crystals with tetragonal symmetry.
Upon cooling to −150 °C (−238 °F) it transforms to a ferroelectric phase of orthorhombic symmetry, and the transition temperature shifts up to −50 °C (−58 °F) when hydrogen is replaced by deuterium.
Heating to 190 °C (374 °F) changes Monopotassium phosphate's structure to monoclinic.
When heated further, Monopotassium phosphate decomposes, by loss of water, to potassium metaphosphate, KPO3, at 400 °C (752 °F).

There is a huge possibility of the existence of Monopotassium Phosphate in several polymorphs.
Paraelectric crystals with tetragonal symmetry are formed by the compound at room temperature.
If cooling is done up to -150 degree C (-238 degree F) Monopotassium phosphate converts to a ferroelectric phase of orthorhombic symmetry.
If hydrogen is replaced by deuterium then the transition temperature shifts up to -50 degree C (-58 degree F).
The structure of the Monopotassium Phosphate is changed to monoclinic if the substance is heated up to 190 degree Celcius (374 degree F).
If the heat is increased further then Monopotassium Phosphate decomposes because of the loss of water and turns into potassium metaphosphate (KPO3) at 400 degree Celcius (752 degree F).



APPLICATION RATE of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Deciduous Fruits (including apples, pears, cherries, prunes, apricots, peaches, plums and nectarines):
Apply 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application.
Apply as pre-bloom and post-bloom sprays.
Note (for pears):
When daytime temperatures are expected to exceed 90°F. Do not apply more than 8 lbs. per acre.

-Precautions:
Keep a minimum of 7 days between application.
Do NOT apply to crops under stress.
With rising temperatures (a.m.) stop spraying at 84°F.
Falling temperatures (p.m.) start spraying at 90°F.
Under certain conditions, including handgun application, Monopotassium Phosphate can cause leaf injury.
To reduce chances of foliage injury be sure to obtain enough gallonage with dilute sprays to cause runoff (350 GPA).
Use correct gallonage with concentrate sprays to avoid a runoff and excessive dripping on the tree.
Be sure to avoid over spraying when treating young or dwarf trees.
Comments on gallonage are based on spray volume being applied on full size trees.
Proper spray calibration is important to reduce chances of injury.

-Field Crops (Foliar Application):
*Alfalfa, Clover:
Use 2 to 8 lbs. per acre per application.
First application at 6 to 8 inches, repeat applications to new growth after each cutting.

*Almonds:
Make 3 to 4 applications per season at a rate of 5 to 10 lbs. per acre in sufficient volume for thorough coverage.
Make first application at petal fall and continue at 30 day intervals until hull split.

*Beans (including dry, succulent and limas):
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre.
Apply when plant leaves are large enough to absorb a foliar nutrient or from bud set to early bloom.
*Carrots, Beets, Sweet Potatoes and Other Vegetable Root Crops:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application.

*Citrus:
First, dilute spray.
Use 3 to 5 lbs. per 100 gallons, not to exceed a total of 15 lbs. per acre per application.
In concentrate sprays or aerial application, use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre in 15 to 150 gallons per acre.

*Grapes:
Apply at 3 to 10 lbs. per acre per application when leaves first appear.
Repeat application as necessary.
An application pre-bloom and post-bloom are suggested if needed.
Apply 10 lbs. per acre within 30 days of harvest to increase solids.

*Strawberries:
Apply 3 to 10 lbs. per acre shortly after first blooms appear.
Repeat applications as necessary during growing season to improve berry size and quality.
*Hops:
Begin application at early season training and continue through the end of bloom period as often as every 7 days.

*Corn (Field and Sweet):
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application.
*Cotton:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application as needed, starting at squaring (pre-bloom).

*Legumes (peas (dry and succulent), lentils, garbanzos):
Apply 2 to 8 lbs. per acre in sufficient water to cover by ground or by air.
Apply when plant leaves are large enough to absorb a foliar nutrient up through mid-bloom stage.
*Celery, Cole Crops, and Leafy Vegetables:
Use 1 to 2 lbs. per acre per application.

*Lettuce:
Use 1 to 5 lbs. per acre.
Make several applications at intervals of 10 to 14 days starting at thinning or after transplanting.
Use multiple low rates instead of high rate applications.

*Melons, Cucumbers, and Other Cucurbits:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application.
Make two or more applications starting just prior to bloom.

*Mint:
Use 2 to 10 lbs. per acre per application.
*Onions (dry and green):
*Garlic:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application.

*Pistachios:
Make 3 to 4 applications per season at a rate of 5 to 10 lbs. per acre in sufficient volume for thorough coverage.
Make first application immediately post bloom and repeat as necessary until hull split.

*Potatoes:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre.
Apply at initial tuber formation.
Subsequent applications may be made with various fungicide and/ or insecticide cover sprays.
Consult your local Agricultural Consultant for specific recommendations.

*Small Grains (wheat, barley, and oats):
Use 2 to 6 lbs. per acre in sufficient water to cover by air or by ground.
Apply at tillering, but before early boot stage.

*Sugar Beets:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre.
Apply when leaves are 10” across.
Repeat 3 to 4 weeks later.

*Tomatoes (Fresh) and Peppers:
Use 5 to 10 lbs. per acre per application in a minimum of 20 gallons of water per acre by ground.
Do not exceed 5 lbs. per acre in 10 gallons of water by air.
Two to three applications are advised at two to three week intervals, starting immediately prior to full bloom, two weeks later and finally at early fruiting stage.

*Tomatoes (Processing):
Apply 2 to 3 applications at 5 to 10 lbs. per acre in a minimum of 20 gallons of water per acre by ground.
Do not exceed 5 lbs. in 10 gallons of water per acre by air.
The first application should be made immediately prior to full bloom, two weeks later and finally at early fruit sizing.

*Walnuts:
Make 2 to 3 applications in rates of 5 to 10 lbs. per acre in sufficient volume for thorough coverage.
Make first application at an early set and repeat at 3 to 4-week intervals until June 15th.



PHARMACODYNAMICS of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Potassium is the major cation of intracellular fluid and is essential for maintenance of acid-base balance, isotonicity, and electrodynamic characteristics of the cell.
Potassium is an important activator in many enzymatic reactions and is essential to a number of physiologic processes including transmission of nerve impulses; contraction of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscles; gastric secretion; renal function; tissue synthesis; and carbohydrate metabolism.
Phosphate is a major intracellular anion that participates in providing energy for metabolism of substrates and contributes to important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in almost all organs and tissues.
Phosphate exerts a modifying influence on calcium concentrations, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium, and has a major role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ions.



MECHANISM of ACTION of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
The bulk of the body's phosphorus is located in the bones, where it plays a key role in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities.
Enzymatically catalyzed phosphate-transfer reactions are numerous and vital in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein, and a proper concentration of the anion is of primary importance in assuring an orderly biochemical sequence.
ln addition, phosphorus plays an important role in modifying steady-state tissue concentrations of calcium.
Phosphate ions are important buffers of the intracellular fluid, and also play a primary role in the renal excretion of the hydrogen ion.
Oral administration of inorganic phosphates increases serum phosphate levels.
Phosphates lower urinary calcium levels in idiopathic hypercalciuria.



ABSORPTION of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Potassium salts are well absorbed from the GI tract.
Ingested phosphates are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
However, the presence of large amounts of calcium or aluminum may lead to formation of insoluble phosphate and reduce the net absorption.
Vitamin D stimulates phosphate absorption.



PRODUCTION METHOD of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-phosphoric acid double decomposition method:
The hydrogen chloride gas produced by the metathesis reaction with saturated potassium chloride solution and excess 120 phosphoric acid at 130 ~ 75% ℃ is absorbed with water to produce by-product hydrochloric acid.
Then the excess phosphoric acid is neutralized with potassium hydroxide, control end point for the pH value of 4.2~4.6.
Finally, cooling and washing, centrifugal separation, drying products, mother liquor can be reused.

-Neutralization method:
With constant stirring, the caustic potash is mixed into a solution with a relative density of 1.3 (about 30%) and neutralized with 50% phosphoric acid.
The reaction temperature is maintained at 85~100 ° C, the terminal pH value is controlled at 4.2~4.6 (Congo red test paper is light purple).
The neutralized liquid is concentrated to the relative density of 1.32~1.33 and filtered, then cooled to 36 ° C:
The following crystals, centrifugal separation, the product is dried and the mother liquor can be reused.
Potassium carbonate can also be used for neutralization, and the process is similar to the above.
KOH+H3PO4→KH2PO4+H2O

-industrial production methods include neutralization method, double decomposition method, extraction method, electrodialysis method, ion exchange method, etc.:
Double decomposition method of 30% sodium hydroxide solution with distilled water in the reactor, under stirring slowly add 85% Phosphoric acid neutralization reaction.
The solution is neutralized to pH 4.1~4.3, prepared sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Then add 90% potassium chloride at about 100 ° C for double decomposition reaction, and keep the heat for half an hour to reach equilibrium, add arsenic removal agent and heavy metal removal agent for solution purification, filtration, remove arsenic and heavy metals and other impurities, the filtrate is cooled to normal temperature, add phosphoric acid with arsenic removal to adjust Ph 4.4~4.7, adjust the relative density to 31~32 °C with water, stir for 30 min, the crystals were precipitated and separated by centrifugation to prepare a finished product of potassium dihydrogen phosphate for feed.
Its NaH2PO4+KCl→KH2PO4+NaCl
When the mother liquor was evaporated to 108-109 °C., the liquid was turned from clear to white, and sodium chloride crystals were obtained, which were removed by filtration.
The filtrate was returned to the procedure for use.

-Caustic potash method:
An iron-removing caustic potash solution (about 30% KOH) was added to an enamel reactor with a stirring and steam jacket, and an appropriate amount of phosphoric acid (diluted to 50% H3PO4) was added slowly with stirring.
The neutralization reaction is carried out, the reaction temperature is maintained at 85~100 ℃, the pH value is controlled at 4.2~4.6, and the relative density of the solution at the end of the reaction is 1.32~1.33.

After evaporation and concentration to the relative density of 1.38~1.42, sent to the crystallization process, cooled to 36 deg C below the precipitation of crystals, and then separated dehydration, washing, drying, prepared potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Its KOH+H3PO4→KH2PO4+H2O
Potassium chloride method 95% potassium chloride is dissolved in 70~80 ° C hot water, adjusted to a solution close to saturation, and 75% phosphoric acid is added to the reactor according to the ratio of KCl:H3PO4 = 1:1.2, the neutralization reaction was carried out at 150 to 170°C.

To produce potassium dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen chloride. The hydrogen chloride was recovered as hydrochloric acid by cooling.
Dilute potassium hydroxide solution was added to the reaction solution for neutralization, and the end point was controlled at about pH 4.6 ~.
After evaporation and concentration, cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation, proper water washing and drying, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate product was obtained.
Its H3P04+KCl→KH2PO4+HCl↑
The mother liquor contains a large amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride and free acid, and is returned to the process ingredients for use.

-The neutralization method:
It is industrially used, and is produced by the neutralization method of caustic potash phosphoric acid and the neutralization method of potassium chloride phosphoric acid.
Caustic potash method see potassium dihydrogen phosphate, increase in arsenic removal agent and removal of heavy metals in solution purification, filtration, removal of arsenic and heavy metals and other impurities in the process.

Slowly add the calculated amount of potassium hydroxide solution in phosphoric acid neutralization reaction to generate potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and then after decolorization, filtration, concentration, cooling, precipitation crystallization, and then centrifugal separation, drying to give the finished product.
Phosphoric acid was added to water, and potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate was added thereto.
The filtrate was concentrated to a relative density of 1.32 by heating and filtration.
Cooling, suction and filtration out of the crystal, that is, potassium dihydrogen phosphate.



HOW TO DOSE MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE IN YOUR PLANTED AQUARIUM?
Expect an increase of 0.1ppm PO4 per every 6.94 milligrams (equivalent to less than 1/64 tsp) KH2PO4 added to your 10gal aquarium to yield:
PO4 0.1ppm
P 0.03ppm
K 0.08ppm



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
Molar mass: 136.086 g/mol
Appearance: White powder, deliquescent
Odor: Odorless
Density: 338 g/cm3
Melting point: 252.6 °C (486.7 °F; 525.8 K)
Boiling point: 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) , decomposes
Solubility in water: 22.6 g/100 mL (20 °C) 83.5 g/100 mL (90 °C)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in ethanol
Acidity (pKa): 6.86
Basicity (pKb): 11.9
Refractive index (nD): 1.4864

Appearance Form: powder
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH: 4,2 - 4,6 at 20,0 g/l at 20,0 °C
Melting point/range: 252,6 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 450 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available

Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: < 0,1 hPa at 25 °C
Vapor density: No data available
Relative density: 2,33 at 21,5 °C
Water solubility: 208 g/l at 20 °C completely soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not applicable for inorganic substances
Molecular Weight: 136.086
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0

Exact Mass: 135.93277702
Monoisotopic Mass: 135.93277702
Topological Polar Surface Area: 80.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 61.9
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Weight: 136.1
Appearance: White fine Powder
PH Range (1% w/v): 4.0 – 5.0
Assay % (minimum): 97.00
P2O5 content % (minimum): 51.00
‘K’ Content % (minimum): 27.00
Iron as ‘Fe’ content %: 0.02
Chloride as ‘Cl’ content %: 0.2
Sulfate as ‘SO4’ content %: 0.03

Appearance: Crystalline solid
Vapor pressure: Less than 1 mm Hg
Odor: Odorless
Vapor density: Not applicable
Odor Threshold: No information
Density 2.34 g / cm3 at 20 ° C
pH (1% aqueous solution) 4.2 – 4.8
Solubility: in water: high
Melting point / freezing point: 253 ° C
Partition coefficient: noctanol / water: Not applicable, substance inorganic

Initial boiling point and boiling range:
400 °C loses water and turns into metaphosphate
Auto-ignition temperature: Not applicable
Flash point: Not applicable
Decomposition temperature: Decomposition does not occur below 600 °C
Evaporation rate: No information
Viscosity: Not applicable, solid
Flammability (solid, gas): Non-flammable
Explosive properties: Does not show
Oxidizing properties: Does not meet the criteria as an oxidiser



FIRST AID MEASURES of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-After inhalation:
Fresh air.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
-After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Control parameters:
*Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.
*Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep in a dry place.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
Potassium dihydrogenphosphate
Potassium dihydrogen(tetraoxidophosphate)(1−)
Potassium dihydroxidodioxidophosphate(1−)
Potassium phosphate monobasic;
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt;
Potassium biphosphate
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
7778-77-0
Potassium phosphate monobasic
MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
Monobasic potassium phosphate
Potassium acid phosphate
Potassium phosphate, monobasic
Monopotassiumphosphate
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Monopotassium monophosphate
Monopotassium orthophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate
Potassium dihydrogenorthophosphate
potassium biphosphate
potassium dihydrogenphosphate
potassium;dihydrogen phosphate
Sorensen's potassium phosphate
Potassium phosphate (K(H2PO4))
KH2PO4
Orthophosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
CHEBI:63036
MFCD00011401
4J9FJ0HL51
MKP
Monopotassium dihydrogen monophosphate
Monopotassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:1)
Potassium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous)
Chlorine Titrimeter Reagent
Buffer Solution, pH 6.00
Buffer Solution, pH 7.00
Buffer Solution, pH 7.40
MFCD00147253
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate(V)
HSDB 5046
Buffer Solution, pH 7.00, Color-Coded Yellow
Potassium orthophosphate, dihydrogen
EINECS 231-913-4
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076413
Potassium hydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4)
UNII-4J9FJ0HL51
Potassium phosphate, monobasic
mono potassium phosphate
mono-potassium phosphate
EC 231-913-4
Potassium phosphate,monobasic
potassium di-hydrogen phosphate
CHEMBL1200925
DTXSID0035667
INS NO.340(I)
UNII-B7862WZ632
INS-340(I)
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate,(S)
EINECS 240-213-8
BDBM50004328
AKOS015902364
AKOS028109678
B7862WZ632
DB09413
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:?)
Potassium phosphate, monobasic (JAN/NF)
E-340(I)
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Puratronic?
B7291
FT-0645117
MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC
D02050
Potassium phosphate monobasic, Trace metals grade
Q415049
POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.0
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.2
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.4
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.5
Potassium phosphate, 0.2M buffer solution, pH 7.6
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.0
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.4
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.5
Potassium phosphate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 7.6
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [ORANGE BOOK]
TIS-U-SOL COMPONENT POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC
Potassium phosphate monobasic powder suitable for cell culture
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC COMPONENT OF TIS-U-SOL
POTASSIUM PHOSPHATES COMPONENT MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
MONOBASIC POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE COMPONENT OF POTASSIUM PHOSPHATES
Buffer solution, pH 1.68 (+/-0.01 at 25?C), No Color, Specpure, NIST Traceable
MKP
PHOSPHATE LOW NO 1
PHOSPHATE LOW NO 2
MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE
Mono Potassium Phosphate
PHOSPHATE STANDARD SOLUTION
Potassium Phosphate Monobasic
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Potassium phosphate, monobasic
Dipotassium dihydrogenphosphate
potassium dihydrogenorthophosphate
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
Potassium Phosphate, Monobasic, Molecular Biology Grade
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous 99.995 Suprapur
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate cryst.
Monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate
Monopotassium monophosphate
Monopotassium orthophosphate
Monopotassium phosphate
Orthophosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
Phosphoric acid, monopotassium salt
Phosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:1)
Potassium acid phosphate
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Potassium phosphate
Potassium phosphate monobasic

Monopropylene glycol is a specific raw material used by manufacturers of green cosmetic products.
Monopropylene glycol is a synthetic compound in the chemical group called 1,2 glycol.
Monopropylene glycol is a clear, slightly viscous, colorless, odorless liquid and soluble in water.

CAS Number: 5343-92-0
EC Number: 226-285-3
Molecular Formula (Monopropylene glycol): C5H12O2
Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol

Synonyms: 1,2-Pentanediol, Pentane-1,2-diol, 1,2-Dihydroxypentane, 5343-92-0, Pylethylene Glycol, glycol, Glycol, Green Protector, 1,2-Dihydroxypentane, MFCD00010736, 1,a2-aPentanediol, EINECS 226-285-3, BRN 1719151, AI3-03317, NSC 513, 108340-61-0, ACMC-20mbh5, ACMC-1AXDB, EC 226-285-3, 1,2-Pentanediol, 96%, SCHEMBL62155, 3-01-00-02191 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 1,2-Pentanediol, (2R)-, NSC513, WCVRQHFDJLLWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-, DTXSID10863522, NSC-513, AKOS009156977, AS-40006, SY032914, CS-0017222, FT-0606477, FT-0690841, P1178, 3-(2-NITRO-PHENYL)-ISOXAZOL-5-YLAMINE, 98484-EP2372017A1, A829586, Q3374899

Monopropylene glycol is a synthetic compound that belongs to the chemical group called 1,2 glycol.
Monopropylene glycol is a transparent liquid, slightly viscous, colorless, odorless and soluble in water as well as oil.

Monopropylene glycol is naturally derived from sugar cane.
Monopropylene glycol is used in many cosmetic products.
Monopropylene glycol is also referred to by the names 1,2- dihydroxypentane, 1,2-pentanediol, and pentane-1,2-diol.

Monopropylene glycol is a natural polyhydric alcohol and therefore has the ability to bind water.
This property can be used to moisturize the skin.

Skin is better hydrated, looks significantly brighter and feels better.
At the same time, Monopropylene glycol naturally helps inhibit the growth of microorganisms on the skin and can therefore be used as an alternative preservative.

Monopropylene glycol is soluble in water, acts as an extractant and solvent, is biodegradable, can be used in the pH range of 3-10, and is colorless and odorless.
Monopropylene glycol is made from natural sugar cane bagasse and is therefore ideal for natural cosmetics.

Monopropylene glycol is a specific raw material used by manufacturers of green cosmetic products.
The most important feature of this preservative is that Monopropylene glycol is obtained from agricultural products. For example, corn and sugar cane.
Monopropylene glycol is also commonly called Pentylene glycol.

Monopropylene glycol is a synthetic compound in the chemical group called 1,2 glycol.
There are two alcohol groups attached to the 1st and 2nd carbon.

Monopropylene glycol is a clear, slightly viscous, colorless, odorless liquid and soluble in water.
Monopropylene glycol is also obtained naturally from sugar cane.
Monopropylene glycol is also fat-soluble and used in many cosmetic products.

Monopropylene glycol is a natural diol derived from sugar cane bagasse's remaining waste, but a cheap synthetic analog also available in the market.
This multifunctional ingredient is a colorless, odorless, slightly viscous liquid that serves as a moisturizer, solubilizer, preservative, emulsion stabilizer, etc.

Monopropylene glycol is a well-known moisturizer due to the humectant properties of the molecule, proven scientifically by in-vivo studies.
Also, Monopropylene glycol is an excellent solubilizer, as Monopropylene glycol helps to solubilize many challenging ingredients, including fragrances.
Monopropylene glycol can also increase the clarity of translucent formulations like aqueous gels and toners.

Monopropylene glycol protects products from harmful bacteria and improves shelf-life, working synergistically with many preservatives, boosting their efficacy and thus helping to reduce their dose.
In addition, Pentane-1,2-diol stabilizes formulations, especially oil-in-water emulsions (as a co-emulsifier with an HLB value of 8.4), which helps reduce the particle size of emulsions, thus providing less coalescence and better stability.

This diol enhances the bioavailability of other ingredients (proven by ex-vivo study), boosting the activity of both lipophilic and hydrophilic actives.
Furthermore, Monopropylene glycol improves pigment distribution, makes whiter and shinier emulsions, promotes penetration into the skin, and improves the efficiency of cooling agents.

Incorporated in sun care applications, Monopropylene glycol enhances water resistance and the entire safety of the formula used even in SPF 50+ products.
Monopropylene glycol also can control the viscosity and texture of the final product.
In skin and hair care products and decorative cosmetics, Monopropylene glycol concentration can reach up to 5%.

Monopropylene glycol is used in formulations as an emulsion stabilizer, solvent and a broad spectrum antimicrobial.
Monopropylene glycol also helps moisturize and has a light, elegant feel to it.

Monopropylene glycol will leave the skin soft and smooth.
Monopropylene glycol can help to solubilize and stabilize lipophilic ingredients in aqueous solutions.

Monopropylene glycol shows a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against yeasts, moulds, and bacteria.
Monopropylene glycol disturbs the integrity of microbial cell membranes, a mechanism of action that is unlikely to be affected by resistance.

Being a non-ionic ingredient, the anti-microbial effect of Monopropylene glycol is largely pH-independent.
Monopropylene glycol can act as a standalone antimicrobial protection agent.

In addition, Monopropylene glycol can be easily combined with other classical or non-classical antimicrobial agents, to boost their preservation effects.
Monopropylene glycol a synthetic, low molecular weight solvent and skin-conditioning agent.

Monopropylene glycol is commonly used as a skin conditioning agent, due to Monopropylene glycol (1,2 pentanediol)’s ability to help the skin attract and retain moisture.
As such, Monopropylene glycol falls into a category of skin care ingredients called humectants.

Monopropylene glycol is synthetic humectant used in cosmetics and beauty products that is also secondarily used as a solvent and preservative.
Monopropylene glycol is both water and oil-soluble and Monopropylene glycol can have moisture-binding and Monopropylene glycol can have antimicrobial properties.

Monopropylene glycol also has some anti microbial properties, which can make Monopropylene glycol a valuable addition to products that are susceptible to contamination of microorganisms.
Monopropylene glycol is used as a solvent in chemicals produced to soften and smooth the skin in the cosmetic industry.

Monopropylene glycol is used in sunscreens.
Monopropylene glycol is a skin moisturizer.

Monopropylene glycol preserves moisture in the skin, helps to preserve elasticity and moisture of the skin.
Pethylene glycol has an antimicrobial effect.
Pethylene glycol Lipid and dissolved lipophilic actives can be used in penetration enhancing creams and lotions.

Pethylene glycol Hydrogenated phosphotidylcholine is a high viscosity base composed of protected lipids and glycerol.
Monopropylene glycol is an antimicrobial, chemically produced emulsifier.

Pentilen Glycol has been included in the German Pharmaceutical Codex since 2009.
However, Monopropylene glycol is not only approved in Germany, but Monopropylene glycol is also approved as a cosmetic active ingredient worldwide.

Monopropylene glycol is initially based on the immature juice of sugar beets, while synthetic production is standard.
Monopropylene glycol is used in day and night creams.

Monopropylene glycol is a complex system for paraben esters-free cosmetic and personal care products.
Monopropylene glycol is a multifunctional agent that has excellent efficacy as a biostatic and fungistatic agent.
Monopropylene glycol can reduce irritation and sensitivity and has a wide broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect.

Monopropylene glycol is an ingredient which is found naturally in some plants (such as sugar beets and corn cobs) but is most frequently lab-derived when used in cosmetics.
Monopropylene glycol is a humectant, meaning it binds well to water, making Monopropylene glycol a good hydrating agent and solvent to aid penetration of other ingredients.
Monopropylene glycol also helps improve the texture of skin care formulas and has mild preservative properties when used in amounts between 1-5%.

There have been some reports that Monopropylene glycol (along with other glycols) is a skin sensitizer; however, as with many ingredients, the amount and how it’s used are key.

Monopropylene glycol is a chemical compound commonly used in the cosmetics and personal care industry as a skincare and beauty product ingredient.
Monopropylene glycol is also known by its chemical formula C5H12O2.
Monopropylene glycol is a type of glycol, which is a class of organic compounds that contain multiple hydroxyl (OH) groups.

Monopropylene glycol proves multifunctional in skincare and cosmetic formulations, offering a spectrum of benefits.
With its hydrating properties, Monopropylene glycol serves as an effective moisturizer, aiding in maintaining skin moisture levels, particularly beneficial for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin.

Acting as a solvent, Monopropylene glycol ensures a consistent and uniform texture in products by dissolving other ingredients.
Monopropylene glycol antimicrobial properties contribute to its role as a preservative, preventing the growth of bacteria and fungi and enhancing Monopropylene glycol's longevity.

Recognized for Monopropylene glycol mild and non-irritating nature, Monopropylene glycol is considered suitable for sensitive skin.
Additionally, Monopropylene glycol facilitates the penetration of active ingredients, amplifying the efficacy of skincare formulations.
Overall, Monopropylene glycol is a versatile ingredient, addressing various aspects of skincare, from hydration and preservation to compatibility with different skin types.

Monopropylene glycol is generally recognized as safe for use in cosmetics and skincare products when used in accordance with regulations and guidelines.
However, as with any ingredient, individual reactions or sensitivities may vary, so it's essential to check Monopropylene glycol's ingredients list and perform a patch test if you have sensitive skin or allergies.

Uses of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol is used as an emulsion stabilizer, humectant, solvent and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial.
Monopropylene glycol improves texture of the product.

Monopropylene glycol has all the characteristics of a solvent.
Monopropylene glycol is not reactive and can dissolve many other compounds.

Monopropylene glycol is also known to have antimicrobial properties.

Monopropylene glycol offers a double advantage:
Monopropylene glycol protects the skin from harmful bacteria, which could otherwise cause body odor and acne problems on the skin.
Secondly, Monopropylene glycol protects the product from any microbial growth, so Monopropylene glycol can show the same quality during its use and shelf life.

Skin care:
Due to the two -OH groups, Monopropylene glycol has a natural tendency to attract water.
Monopropylene glycol also retains water, which is especially helpful for dry skin.

Monopropylene glycol is used as a humectant and skin conditioning agent, for Monopropylene glycol ability to retain moisture.
Monopropylene glycol is used in moisturizer, baby sunscreen, around-eye cream, antiperspirant/deodorant, serums & essences, hand cream, anti-aging, facial moisturizer/treatment, detanning products, bath oil/salts/soak, body oil, body firming lotion, cuticle treatment, body wash/cleanser, tanning oil, recreational sunscreen

Hair care:
Monopropylene glycol is used in various hair care products such as hair treatment/serum, hair spray, hair styling aide, shampoo, detangler, beard care, shaving cream, beard oil, conditioner, hair color and bleaching, styling gel/lotion, mask, setting powder/spray

Decorative cosmetics:
Monopropylene glycol is used in cosmetics such as lipstick, concealer, eye shadow, foundation, CC cream, blush, lip balm, facial powder, bronzer/highlighter, lip gloss, BB cream, makeup primer, brow liner, lip liner, eye liner, lip plumper, lip balm, makeup remover

Uses Area of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol is used as a solvent in chemicals produced in the cosmetic industry to soften and smooth the skin.
Monopropylene glycol has a softening and smoothing effect in this area of use.

Monopropylene glycol is used together with steroidal hormones in the manufacture of dermatological products.
In these applications, 1,3-butylene glycol and Mono Pentylene glycol are also used as solvents.

This is because 1,3-butylene glycol and Mono Pentylene glycol do not have completely toxic effects.
Monopropylene glycol is used by combining anti-inflammatory hydrocortisone with Pentylene glycol to relieve minor skin irritation, temporary itching and inflammation.

Monopropylene glycol is used in the production of allergy medications.
Monopropylene glycol has antimicrobial properties because Monopropylene glycol is Dihydric Alcohol.

Monopropylene glycol helps prevent unwanted microorganisms due to Monopropylene glycol antimicrobial effect.
Monopropylene glycol is preferred in the production of quality cosmetic products because Monopropylene glycol allergic effects are very low.

Monopropylene glycol is used in the manufacture of daily skin care products due to Monopropylene glycol moisturizing effect on the skin.
By retaining water on the skin, Monopropylene glycol makes the skin more vibrant, smooth and plump.

Monopropylene glycol is used as a solvent in chemicals produced to soften and smooth the skin in the cosmetics industry.
Monopropylene glycol has a softening and smoothing effect in this area of ​​use.

Monopropylene glycol is used together with steroidal hormones in the manufacture of dermatological products.
In these applications, Monopropylene glycol and Mono Pentylene glycol are also used as solvents.

This is because Monopropylene glycol and Mono Pentylene glycol do not have exactly the toxic effects.
Monopropylene glycol is used to relieve minor skin irritation, temporary itching and inflammation, by combining the anti-inflammatory hydrocortisone with pylenylene glycol.

Monopropylene glycol is used in the production of allergy medicines.
Monopropylene glycol has antimicrobial properties due to being dihydric alcohol.
Due to Monopropylene glycol antimicrobial effect, Monopropylene glycol helps to prevent unwanted microorganisms.

Monopropylene glycol is preferred in the manufacture of quality cosmetic products because of Monopropylene glycol very low allergic effects.
Monopropylene glycol is used in the manufacture of daily skin care products due to its moisturizing effect on the skin.
By keeping the water on the skin, Monopropylene glycol makes the skin more lively, smooth and full.

Applications of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol has a wide range of applications.
Intermediate finds applications in Initial product for chemical syntheses, Inks and coatings, Plasticizers and Solvent, Industrial chemicals.

Monopropylene glycol is used as a plasticizer in cellulose products and adhesives.
Monopropylene glycol is used as a brake fluid additive.

Monopropylene glycol reacts with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran to get 5-tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy-pentan-1-ol.
Monopropylene glycol is also used to prepare polyesters for emulsifying agents and resin intermediates.

Monopropylene glycol is used in ink, toner and colorant products.
In addition to this, Monopropylene glycol is used in brake fluid compositions.

Monopropylene glycol is used to produce materials made of polyester or polyurethane, for the manufacturing of monomers, for the manufacture of polyester polyols, polycarbonatedioles and acrylic monomers, for the production of delta valerolactone and for molecules that act as reactive diluents, for the production of halogenated substances and for the production of adhesives, putties and sealing compounds, cleaners and auxiliary agents.
Monopropylene glycol is used in the processes to produce hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate and peroxyacetic acid and as an intermediate for pharmaceutical products.
Monopropylene glycol is used as an ingredient for the production of polymeric thickeners, plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride, sizing agents, surfactants, for starches and chemically modified starch for application in the paper, textile and food industry, for personal hygiene products like shampoo, creams, and for paints.

Benefits of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol naturally tends to attract water because Monopropylene glycol has two -OH groups.
Monopropylene glycol also retains water, which is especially beneficial for dry skin.

Monopropylene glycol is used as a humidifier due to its moisture retention capacity.
Monopropylene glycol has all the properties of a solvent.

Monopropylene glycol is non-reactive and can dissolve many other compounds.
As mentioned before, due to Monopropylene glycol ability to naturally retain moisture in the skin, Monopropylene glycol also nourishes the skin and hair.

Monopropylene glycol is also known to have antimicrobial properties.
Monopropylene glycol offers a double advantage – Monopropylene glycol protects the skin from harmful bacteria that can otherwise cause body odor and acne problems on the skin.

Secondly, Monopropylene glycol protects the product from microbial growth, so that Monopropylene glycol can maintain the same quality throughout its use and shelf life.
Monopropylene glycol is used in the formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, cleansers and other skin care products.

Monopropylene glycol offers several benefits when used in skincare and cosmetic products:

Moisturization:
Monopropylene glycol helps to hydrate the skin by retaining moisture, making Monopropylene glycol beneficial for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin.

Solvent:
Monopropylene glycol serves as a solvent for various cosmetic ingredients, ensuring that the product has a uniform texture and consistency.

Preservation:
Monopropylene glycol has antimicrobial properties, which help prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms like bacteria and fungi in cosmetic products, extending their shelf life.

Skin-Friendly:
Monopropylene glycol is known for being mild and non-irritating, making Monopropylene glycol suitable for sensitive skin types and reducing the risk of skin irritation or allergic reactions.

Enhanced Ingredient Penetration:
Monopropylene glycol can improve the absorption of other active ingredients into the skin, increasing the effectiveness of skincare formulations.

Peoduction of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol is produced synthetically from corn and sugar cane.

Origin of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol is based on by-products from manufacturing processes based on sugarcane residues and corn spindles.
However, Monopropylene glycol is manufactured in the lab as the consumption is relatively high.

Effect of Monopropylene glycol in the formulation:
antimicrobial
Emulsion stabilization
Moisturizer
Solvent

Physical And Chemical Properties of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol is a physically colorless oil-free liquid.
The density of Monopropylene glycol is 0.994 g/mol.

The melting point of Monopropylene glycol is -18 °C.
Monopropylene glycol is a stable chemical.

Monopropylene glycol should be stored at room temperature.
Monopropylene glycol is soluble in water.

Safety profile of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol does not have any evidence to suggest hazardous to health, toxicity, or carcinogenicity.
Monopropylene glycol has been found to cause mild irritation to the eyes and skin in skin types that are already sensitized or prone to irritation.

Health Effect of Monopropylene glycol:
Monopropylene glycol is a semi-synthetic component.
The starting raw materials are of natural origin, but are transformed into a different form than their original state using various processes under laboratory conditions.
These are raw materials obtained without using animal sources (propolis, honey, beeswax, lanolin, collagen, snail extract, milk, etc.).

Monopropylene glycol is a criterion that should be taken into consideration for those who want to use vegan products.
Studies have concluded that different effects can be seen on each skin type.

For this reason, the allergy/irritation effect may vary from person to person.
However, Monopropylene glycol may cause reactions such as stinging, tingling, itching, redness, irritation, skin flaking and swelling, especially in people with sensitive skin types.

Identifiers of Monopropylene glycol:
CAS Number: 5343-92-0
Chem/IUPAC Name: 2-heptanoyloxypentyl heptanoate
EINECS/ELINCS No: 226-285-3
COSING REF No: 58983

Molecular Formula (Monopropylene glycol): C5H12O2
Molecular Weight: 104.15 g/mol
Chemical Name: 1,2-Pentanediol
CAS Number: 5343-92-0

Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 57-55-6
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) Number: 200-338-0
Chemical Formula: C3H8O2
PubChem CID: 1030
ChemSpider ID: 995

Properties of Monopropylene glycol:
form: solution
mol wt: Mr ~1500
packaging: pkg of 10 × 4 mL
manufacturer/tradename: Roche
shipped in: wet ice
storage temp.: 2-8°C
SMILES string: C(CO)O
InChI: 1S/C2H6O2/c3-1-2-4/h3-4H,1-2H2
InChI key: LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Physical State: Monopropylene glycol is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid at room temperature.
Solubility: Monopropylene glycol is miscible with water and many organic solvents, making it versatile for use in formulations.
Boiling Point: The boiling point of monopropylene glycol is around 188°C (370°F).
Density: The density of Monopropylene glycol is approximately 1.036 g/cm³ at 20°C.
Viscosity: Monopropylene glycol has a relatively low viscosity, which makes it easy to handle and incorporate into various products.
Hygroscopicity: Monopropylene glycol is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air.
Chemical Stability: Monopropylene glycol is stable under normal conditions but can react with strong oxidizing agents.
Flammability: While not highly flammable, Monopropylene glycol is combustible and should be handled with appropriate precautions.
Taste and Odor: Monopropylene glycol has a slightly sweet taste and is odorless, making it suitable for use in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Other Names of Monopropylene glycol:

IUPAC Names:
1,5-Pentanediol
1,5-pentanediol
Pentamethylene glycol
pentane,-1,5-diol
Pentane-1,5-diol
pentane-1,5-diol
Pentane-1,5-diol
pentane-1,5-diol
Pentanediol

DESCRIPTION:

Food grade Mono Propylene Glycol (MPG) is an additive coded E1520 which is used in the food industry at low doses as an emulsifier, particularly for the preparation of dishes, sauces or seasonings.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is also used as a solvent in the preparation of certain flavourings.
Another more recent application is its use in the manufacture of liquid for electronic cigarettes as well as ice machines.

CAS 57-55-6

The quality of this food grade Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade meets the purity criteria of the USP/EP (United States Pharmacopeia/European Pharmacopoeia).
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade, in technical version , is also a component of many products such as:
liquid detergents
coolant (industrial and commercial heating and cooling systems, heat pumps, etc.).
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade will be used in antifreeze in food processing facilities in order to limit risks (HACCP).
hydraulic fluids
lubricants
solvent of organic compounds



Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Also known as MPG or Mono-Propylene Glycol.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Ideal for various food applications, floral waters, e-liquids, hair products, soap and skincare products.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade can also aid the bonding of oils and blends so that they perfectly combine in food applications.

Propylene Glycol is a colourless liquid that is added to foods, moisturising creams, lotions, bath salts and any other formulations to add additional moisturisation.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is also added to skin and hair care products and soap making as a lubricant and preservative.

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is 99.9% pure (as pure as it gets).
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Supplied in a tamper-evident container.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Suitable for Vegans, Vegetarians, Non-GMO. Gluten Free, Non-Irradiated, Kosher Friendly, Halal Friendly.

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is USP / EP premium quality pharma food grade
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade Can be used in various food applications
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Ideal for use in hair, soap, skincare products and e-liquid

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade Aids in the bonding of oils and other blends
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Suitable for Vegan's, Non-GMO. Gluten Free, Non-Irradiated. Kosher Friendly, Halal Friendly
Storage Conditions: Store in dry, cool conditions and not in direct sunlight. Use within 6 months of opening.



Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is premium quality USP / EP pharma food grade.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Also known as MPG or Mono-Propylene Glycol.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Ideal for various food applications, floral waters, e-liquids, hair products, soap and skincare products.

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade can also aid the bonding of oils and blends so that they perfectly combine in food applications.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is a colourless liquid that is added to foods, moisturising creams, lotions, bath salts and any other formulations to add additional moisturisation.

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is also added to skin and hair care products and soap making as a lubricant and preservative.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is 99.9% pure (as pure as it gets).
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Supplied in a tamper-evident container.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Suitable for Vegans, Vegetarians, Non-GMO. Gluten Free, Non-Irradiated, Kosher Friendly, Halal Friendly.


Mono Propylene Glycol (MPG) serves as a solvent, connects and stabilises insoluble fluids, reduces the freezing point in water, increases the boiling point, and offers outstanding stability with high flash and boiling points.

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is chemically neutral, i.e. Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade usually does not react with other substances.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is used as a humecant in food and cosmetics to maintain moisture levels in products.

These can include marshmallows, coconut flakes, shampoo and baby wipes along with many other products.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is used as an antifreeze for various reasons, including as an engine coolant additive, home water pipes and food processing systems.

Because Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is non toxic, Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is safe to use in food applications where accidental ingestion may occur.
This gives MPG a huge advantage over other antifreezes.



USES OF MONOPROPYLENE GLYCOL FOOD GRADE

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade can be an integral component in a variety of industries that is due to its relatively low toxicity.
To list, Monopropylene Glycol is used for the production of unsaturated polyester resins, creating bath tubs, small boats, chemical/water tanks and pipes.
Further applications include paints and coatings, aeroplane de-icers, antifreeze, coolants, detergents and hydraulic fluids.



United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) Grade MPG has a minimum purity of 99.8%.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is a colourless, viscous, and odourless liquid.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is highly hygroscopic and miscible in all ratios with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, and amines.

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade has limited miscibility with halogenated hydrocarbons and is not miscible with aliphatic hydrocarbons.
USP grade Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is used during the production of Food, Beverage, and Cosmetic/Personal Care Products.
Pharmaceutical Industries will use it as an excipient (inactive ingredient or carrier in a pharmaceutical product).

Usage in Antifreeze Coolant:
Fluid Science provides MPG Based Food Safe Antifreeze Coolant with 50/50 DI Water and MPG mix.
This can also be ordered in a bespoke ratio of Glycol and Water.
Manufacturers of Air Source Heat Pumps recommend the use of a Glycol Anti-Freeze to prevent it from freezing up during the winter months.

This will prevent any damage when water freezes and expands within the plate of the heat exchanger which could cause leaks and a broken heat pump.
As this water is used within homes/buildings and comes into contact with people, a food safe Glycol like Monopropylene Glycol is perfect for use in this matter.
We supply Monopropylene Glycol (MPG) on its own or within our very own Antifreeze Coolant mixture as “Ultra-Pure Grade”.



APPLICATIONS OF MONOPROPYLENE GLYCOL FOOD GRADE:
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Used in the agricultural industry as a livestock drench.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is used as Ingredient in herbal remedies and homeopathic applications.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is A carrier in fragrance oil.


Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is An emulsification agent in Angostura and orange bitters.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is An ingredient in massage oils, in hand sanitizers, antibacterial lotions and saline solutions.
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is As a base for certain antifreeze preparations.


Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Direct food additive
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Humectant and stabilizer in fruits, vegetables and bakery goods (except in Europe)

Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade is Indirect contact food applications
Monopropylene Glycol Food Grade has Low temperature heat-transfer fluid in the brewing, dairy and ice cream industries and for food storage facilities



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MONOPROPYLENE GLYCOL FOOD GRADE:
Color / Appearance transparent colorless liquid
Smell light odor
Density 1.035
Grade Food
N° CAS 57-55-6
Others SH 29053200


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT MONOPROPYLENE GLYCOL FOOD GRADE
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE; Glutamate de sodium; SODIUM GLUTAMATE, N° CAS : 142-47-2 / 6106-04-3 / 16177-21-2 / 32221-81-1 - Glutamate monosodique, Nom INCI : SODIUM GLUTAMATE, Nom chimique : Sodium hydrogen glutamate; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 205-538-1 / 240-313-1. Additif alimentaire : E621.Ses fonctions (INCI) : Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance. Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Noms français : Glutamate de sodium; GLUTAMATE MONOSODIQUE; SODIUM, GLUTAMATE DE. Noms anglais : ALPHA-MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE; GLUTAMIC ACID, MONOSODIUM SALT, L-; GLUTAMIC ACID, MONOSODIUM SALT, L-(+)-; L(+) SODIUM GLUTAMATE; L-GLUTAMIC ACID, MONOSODIUM SALT; L-GLUTAMIC ACID, SODIUM SALT; MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE; MONOSODIUM L-GLUTAMATE; Sodium glutamate; SODIUM HYDROGEN GLUTAMATE. Utilisation et sources d'émission : Additif alimentaire

Monosodium glutamate, commonly known as MSG, is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, one of the most abundant naturally occurring non-essential amino acids.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is an amino acid that plays a crucial role in the taste of umami, one of the basic tastes alongside sweet, sour, bitter, and salty.

CAS Number: 6106-04-3
EC Number: 612-072-6

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APPLICATIONS


Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is frequently utilized in the creation of flavorful salad dressings, contributing to a well-balanced taste.
In the culinary world, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is employed to enhance the flavor of pickled vegetables and olives.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) finds its way into the production of savory condiments, enriching the taste of various sauces.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often added to pre-seasoned rice and grain mixes to elevate their overall taste.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is incorporated into seasoned cracker and chip products, providing a savory and enjoyable snacking experience.
When creating savory dips, chefs may use Monosodium glutamate (MSG) to intensify the taste and make them more appealing.

Certain instant curry and stew mixes feature Monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a key component for enhanced flavor.
The umami taste of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is utilized in the preparation of rich and flavorful risottos.

In the baking industry, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) may be added to certain savory bread and roll recipes to improve taste.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is sometimes included in the seasoning of pre-marinated meats, enhancing their succulence.

Specialty spice blends, such as those used in unique regional cuisines, may incorporate MSG for added depth.
When crafting savory spreads and pâtés, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can contribute to a more complex and enjoyable taste.
In the production of seasoned nuts and trail mixes, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can enhance the overall snacking experience.

Some seasoned seafood products, such as crab cakes and fish fillets, may contain MSG for flavor enhancement.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used in the creation of savory gelatin-based dishes, adding a unique taste element.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a component in certain specialty condiments, contributing to their distinctive and robust flavor.
In the realm of fusion cuisine, chefs may incorporate MSG to bridge and enhance diverse flavor profiles.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used in the seasoning of savory pastry fillings to create a more satisfying taste.
Certain fermented foods, like kimchi, may utilize MSG to augment their umami taste.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is applied in the preparation of savory spreads for sandwiches and wraps, enhancing their flavor.

When making seasoned vegetable side dishes, chefs may use MSG to accentuate the natural tastes.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is found in some savory energy bars, contributing to a more enjoyable snack.
Certain savory gelato and ice cream creations may feature Monosodium glutamate (MSG) to add a unique depth of flavor.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can be utilized in the production of savory emulsions and sauces, enhancing their overall taste.
Chefs experimenting with molecular gastronomy may use MSG to create unique and intensified flavor experiences.


Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has several uses in different industries:

Frozen Entrees:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is commonly used in the production of frozen entrees to enhance the taste and aroma of the prepared dishes.

Ethnic Cuisine:
Found in various ethnic cuisines, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) plays a role in dishes ranging from Mexican to Middle Eastern.

Flavoring Rubs:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is added to spice rubs for meats, providing a savory and flavorful crust during cooking.

Flavored Tofu Products:
In the production of flavored tofu and plant-based protein products, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can contribute to a more savory taste.

Gourmet Cooking:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used in gourmet cooking to elevate the complexity and richness of high-end dishes.

Instant Soup Mixes:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common ingredient in instant soup mixes, providing a quick and satisfying flavor boost.

Prepared Sausages:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often included in the seasoning of prepared sausages to enhance the overall taste.

Convenience Foods:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is found in a wide array of convenience foods, including microwavable meals and quick-prep items.

Potato Dishes:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used in the preparation of potato dishes, such as mashed potatoes and seasoned fries.

Flavoring Egg Dishes:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can be incorporated into egg-based dishes like omelets and scrambled eggs for added savory notes.

Flavored Cooking Oils:
Some specialty cooking oils are infused with Monosodium glutamate (MSG) to provide a unique and enhanced flavor.

Vegetarian Gravy:
MSG is used in vegetarian gravy preparations to mimic the savory taste of traditional meat-based gravies.

Savory Crepes:
In savory crepe fillings, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) may be used to intensify the flavor of ingredients.

Flavoring Risotto Balls:
Chefs use Monosodium glutamate (MSG) to enhance the flavor of risotto balls, creating a more satisfying appetizer.

Flavoring Ethnic Stews:
In the preparation of ethnic stews, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can contribute to a more authentic and enjoyable taste.

Savory Pancakes:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can be experimented with in savory pancake recipes to create a unique breakfast option.

Umami Burgers:
Some gourmet burger recipes may incorporate Monosodium glutamate (MSG) to enhance the umami taste of the patty.


In the seasoning of potato skins, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can contribute to a more flavorful snack.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often added to cooking broths for poaching and braising to enrich their flavor.
In the Southern cuisine, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) may be used in flavored grits for a more robust taste.

In certain culinary experiments, chefs use Monosodium glutamate (MSG) to add a savory note to pudding recipes.
MSG-infused herb butter is employed to add depth to dishes like roasted meats and vegetables.

In innovative culinary creations, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) may be used to enhance the taste of savory yogurt dishes.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often found in recipes featuring mushrooms, as it complements their earthy flavor.



DESCRIPTION

Monosodium glutamate, commonly known as MSG, is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, one of the most abundant naturally occurring non-essential amino acids.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is an amino acid that plays a crucial role in the taste of umami, one of the basic tastes alongside sweet, sour, bitter, and salty.
Umami is often described as a savory or meaty flavor.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a white crystalline powder with a fine texture.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has a characteristic savory and umami taste.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is water-soluble, making it easy to incorporate into various culinary applications.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is derived through the fermentation of starches or sugars, creating a natural source of glutamic acid.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) intensifies and enhances the natural flavors of foods, adding depth and richness.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is stable at room temperature and exhibits good solubility in both hot and cold liquids.
Known for its ability to balance and round out taste profiles, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used in Asian cuisine.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often employed to reduce the need for excessive salt in recipes while maintaining flavor.

Despite its controversial history, scientific studies generally support the safety of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a food additive.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common ingredient in processed foods, soups, sauces, and savory snacks.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) dissolves easily in broths and sauces, contributing to a more robust and satisfying taste.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is chemically identical to the glutamate naturally present in many foods like tomatoes and cheese.
In culinary terms, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is recognized for its ability to enhance the overall taste perception of dishes.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has a clean, mild aroma that allows it to blend seamlessly with a wide range of ingredients.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a versatile ingredient, finding applications in both home cooking and industrial food production.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has a neutral pH, ensuring it does not significantly alter the acidity of recipes.
Its use extends beyond savory dishes, as chefs experiment with incorporating Monosodium glutamate (MSG) into desserts and beverages.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is known for its ability to make vegetarian and plant-based dishes more flavorful and satisfying.
The umami taste imparted by Monosodium glutamate (MSG) complements the sweet, sour, salty, and bitter flavors in a dish.
Food manufacturers appreciate Monosodium glutamate (MSG) for its cost-effectiveness in enhancing product palatability.

When used judiciously, Monosodium glutamate (MSG) contributes to a well-balanced and harmonious flavor profile in culinary creations.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often used in conjunction with other seasonings to create a symphony of tastes in a dish.
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has a negligible caloric content, making it an attractive option for those monitoring calorie intake.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG)'s widespread use reflects its role in enhancing the overall gustatory experience of food.
The culinary world continues to explore innovative ways to incorporate MSG, recognizing its potential to elevate the dining experience.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C5H8NO4Na
Molecular Weight: 169.11 g/mol
Chemical Structure:
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Taste: Umami (savory)
Solubility in Water: Highly soluble
Melting Point: Decomposes at high temperatures
Density: 1.54 g/cm³
pH: Neutral (around 7 in solution)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from moisture and heat.
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air.
Water Content: May contain water molecules as it is hygroscopic.
Purity: Typically available in high purity (food-grade) forms.
Solubility in Other Solvents: Generally insoluble in organic solvents.
Crystalline Structure: Forms white, well-defined crystals.
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal processing and cooking conditions.
Flammability: Non-flammable.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Toxicity: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory bodies when used in accordance with regulations.
Biodegradability: MSG is readily biodegradable.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled and respiratory distress occurs, remove the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

If Monosodium glutamate (MSG) comes into contact with the skin, wash the affected area with plenty of water.
Remove contaminated clothing.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

In case of eye contact, rinse the eyes gently with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness persists.


Ingestion:

If Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is ingested accidentally and the person experiences adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, or allergic symptoms, seek medical attention.
Rinse the mouth with water if there is no risk of aspiration.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Monosodium glutamate (MSG), it is advisable to wear appropriate PPE, including gloves and safety glasses, to minimize direct skin contact and eye exposure.

Avoid Inhalation:
Take measures to avoid inhaling Monosodium glutamate (MSG) dust or vapors.
Use in well-ventilated areas or use local exhaust ventilation if handling large quantities.

Prevent Contamination:
Prevent cross-contamination by using clean and dry utensils during handling.
Ensure that containers and equipment are free from residues of incompatible substances.

Hygiene Practices:
Practice good personal hygiene, including handwashing, especially after handling MSG.
Avoid touching the face, eyes, or mouth during handling.

Spill Cleanup:
In case of spills, clean up promptly using appropriate materials.
Avoid creating dust during cleanup.
Dispose of spilled material in accordance with local regulations.

Static Electricity:
Due to its fine powder form, MSG may accumulate static electricity.
Take precautions to ground equipment and containers to minimize the risk of static discharge.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Monosodium glutamate (MSG) in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture.
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range.

Containers:
Use containers made of materials compatible with Monosodium glutamate (MSG), such as stainless steel or food-grade plastics.
Ensure containers are tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption.

Hygroscopicity:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is hygroscopic and can absorb moisture from the air, leading to clumping.
Use moisture-resistant packaging or include desiccants in storage containers to maintain product quality.

Separation:
Store MSG away from incompatible substances to prevent cross-contamination.
Keep it separate from strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage containers with the product name, date of receipt, and any relevant safety information.
This ensures proper identification and tracking of the product.

Shelf Life:
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations regarding the shelf life of MSG.
Use a first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory system to ensure older stock is used before newer batches.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range to preserve the quality and stability of MSG.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to stored MSG, especially in industrial or commercial settings.

Monosodium lactate is a sodium salt of lactic acid, a natural organic acid that is present in many foods, such as yogurt, cheese, sourdough bread, and pickled vegetables.
Monosodium lactate is produced by the neutralization of lactic acid with sodium hydroxide.

CAS Number: 312-85-6
EC Number: 206-104-4



APPLICATIONS


Monosodium Lactate is used as a preservative in food products such as meat, poultry, and seafood.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of cosmetics as a humectant and moisturizer.

Monosodium Lactate is used as a flavoring agent and pH regulator in the beverage industry.
Monosodium lactate is used as an additive in animal feed to improve their digestion and growth.

Monosodium Lactate is commonly used in the food industry as a preservative and flavoring agent.
Monosodium lactate is also used as a humectant in cosmetic and personal care products.

Monosodium lactate is often added to meat and poultry products to extend their shelf life and improve their texture.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Monosodium Lactate is used as an excipient in oral and topical formulations.
Monosodium lactate can also be used as a chelating agent in metal ion removal processes.

Monosodium lactate is used as a humectant in the cosmetic industry to help retain moisture in the skin.
In the food industry, Monosodium lactate is used as a preservative to extend the shelf life of various products.

Monosodium lactate is used as an antimicrobial agent in meat and poultry products to prevent bacterial growth.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of sausage casings to improve texture and extend shelf life.

Monosodium lactate is used as a flavor enhancer in various food products, including salad dressings and dips.
Monosodium lactate is used as a processing aid in the dairy industry to prevent spoilage and improve shelf life.

Monosodium lactate is used in the baking industry as a dough conditioner to improve texture and extend shelf life.
Monosodium lactate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a buffering agent in various medications.
Monosodium lactate is used as a moisturizer in personal care products such as lotions and creams.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of pet food to improve texture and extend shelf life.
Monosodium lactate is used as a humectant in tobacco products to prevent drying and improve flavor.

Monosodium lactate is used as an ingredient in sports drinks to help replenish electrolytes lost during physical activity.
Monosodium lactate is used as a chelating agent in cleaning products to help remove mineral deposits.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of biodegradable plastics to improve their properties.
Monosodium lactate is used as a solvent in the manufacturing of various chemicals.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of animal feed to improve texture and extend shelf life.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of paper and cardboard to improve strength and durability.
Monosodium lactate is used as a flavoring agent in tobacco products to improve taste.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of artificial tears to improve viscosity and prolong contact time.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of leather goods to improve flexibility and softness.

Monosodium lactate is used as a humectant in the pet food industry to prevent drying and improve palatability.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of adhesives to improve tack and adhesion.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of detergents to improve cleaning efficacy.
Monosodium lactate is used as a moisturizing agent in hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners.
Monosodium lactate is used as a pH adjuster in various personal care products such as facial cleansers and toners.

Monosodium lactate is used as a preservative in meat, poultry, and seafood products.
Monosodium lactate is commonly used in salad dressings and sauces as a flavor enhancer.

Monosodium lactate is added to baked goods to improve their texture and extend their shelf life.
Monosodium lactate is used as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care products to help retain moisture.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of tofu and other soy products.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of cultured dairy products like yogurt and sour cream.
Monosodium lactate is used as a pH regulator and buffering agent in a variety of food and beverage products.

Monosodium lactate is added to pet foods as a flavor enhancer and preservative.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of pharmaceuticals and medical products.

Monosodium lactate is used in the manufacturing of detergents and cleaning products as a pH regulator.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of animal feed to improve the nutritional value of the feed.
Monosodium lactate is used as a moisturizer and skin conditioning agent in topical skincare products.

Monosodium lactate is added to sports drinks and other beverages to help replenish electrolytes lost during exercise.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of synthetic fibers and textiles.

Monosodium lactate is added to canned fruits and vegetables as a preservative.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of industrial adhesives and sealants.

Monosodium lactate is used as a chelating agent in the production of metal-based products like paint and coatings.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of leather and other animal hides.
Monosodium lactate is added to dental products like mouthwash and toothpaste as a flavoring agent.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of biofuels and other renewable energy sources.
Monosodium lactate is added to animal feed to improve digestibility and overall health of livestock.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of personal lubricants and other intimate care products.

Monosodium lactate is used as a flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages like beer and wine.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of paper and other pulp-based products.
Monosodium lactate is added to processed foods like canned soups and stews as a preservative and flavor enhancer.

Monosodium lactate is commonly used in the food industry as a preservative for meat and poultry products.
Monosodium lactate is also used as a flavor enhancer in a variety of foods, such as baked goods and processed meats.

In the pharmaceutical industry, monosodium lactate is used as a pH adjuster and buffering agent in various medications.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of cosmetics and personal care products as a moisturizer and emollient.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of pet food to help enhance the flavor and extend the shelf life.
Monosodium lactate is used as a plasticizer and lubricant in the manufacturing of plastic and rubber products.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of biofuels to improve the fermentation process.
Monosodium lactate is used as a water-retaining agent in the production of horticultural and agricultural products.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of animal feed to improve the digestibility and palatability of the feed.

Monosodium lactate is used as an ingredient in cleaning and sanitizing products due to its antimicrobial properties.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of detergents and surfactants to improve their effectiveness.

Monosodium lactate is used in the textile industry as a dyeing and printing auxiliary.
Monosodium lactate is used as a humectant and preservative in the tobacco industry.
Monosodium lactate is used as a viscosity regulator in the production of paints and coatings.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of inks and toners for printers and copiers.
Monosodium lactate is used as a binder and adhesive in the production of ceramics and refractory materials.

Monosodium lactate is used in the paper and pulp industry to improve paper strength and reduce ink smudging.
Monosodium lactate is used as a chelating agent in the production of electroplating solutions.

Monosodium lactate is used as an anti-icing agent for aircrafts and runways.
Monosodium lactate is used as a descaling agent in the cleaning of industrial equipment.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of leather and leather products to improve softness and durability.
Monosodium lactate is used as a component in the production of some types of adhesives and sealants.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of rubber products to improve their elasticity and strength.

Monosodium lactate is used in the production of printing plates for the printing industry.
Monosodium lactate is used in the production of some types of batteries and electronic devices.


Monosodium lactate has various applications in different fields, including:

In the food industry, as a food preservative and flavoring agent.
As a pH adjuster and buffering agent in the cosmetic industry.
In the production of pet food, as a flavoring agent and source of energy.
In the production of animal feed, as a source of energy and growth promoter.
In the pharmaceutical industry, as an excipient and solubilizer for active ingredients.
As a moisturizing agent in personal care products, such as lotions and creams.
As a humectant in the cosmetic and personal care industry to help retain moisture.
In the production of detergents and cleaning products, as a chelating agent and pH adjuster.
In the production of textiles, as a dyeing auxiliary and color fixing agent.
In the production of leather, as a tanning agent and pH adjuster.
In the production of paper, as a sizing agent and wet strength agent.
As a buffering agent in the production of antiseptic solutions and disinfectants.
In the fermentation industry, as a nutrient source for bacterial cultures.
As a source of energy and electrolytes in sports drinks and nutritional supplements.
In the production of polymer resins, as a cross-linking agent.
As a de-icing agent for roads and sidewalks.
In the production of adhesives and sealants, as a plasticizer and rheology modifier.
As a coagulant in the production of latex and rubber products.
As a preservative in the horticulture industry to extend the shelf life of fresh produce.
In the production of water treatment chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor and stabilizer.
In the production of oil drilling fluids, as a pH adjuster and clay stabilizer.
In the production of metalworking fluids, as a pH adjuster and lubricant.
As a feedstock for the production of other chemicals, such as propylene glycol.
As a flavor enhancer and pH adjuster in the production of wine and beer.
In the production of biodiesel, as a catalyst and emulsifier.



DESCRIPTION


Monosodium lactate is a sodium salt of lactic acid, a natural organic acid that is present in many foods, such as yogurt, cheese, sourdough bread, and pickled vegetables.
Monosodium lactate is produced by the neutralization of lactic acid with sodium hydroxide.

Monosodium lactate is a white or colorless crystalline powder or a clear, colorless liquid that is highly soluble in water.
Monosodium lactate has a slightly salty and sour taste and is used as a food additive to enhance flavor, preserve freshness, and extend shelf life.

Monosodium lactate also has several non-food applications, such as in cosmetics, personal care products, and pharmaceuticals.
Monosodium lactate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is approved for use in food products in many countries around the world.

Monosodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, which is a natural organic acid.
Monosodium lactate has a chemical formula of C3H5NaO3 and a molecular weight of 112.06 g/mol.

Monosodium lactate is a white to off-white powder or liquid with a slightly sweet taste.
Monosodium lactate is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol.
Monosodium lactate has an odorless to slightly sweet odor.

Monosodium lactate is a food additive used as a preservative, flavoring agent, and acidity regulator.
Monosodium lactate is commonly used in meat and poultry products to extend shelf life and improve flavor and texture.

Monosodium lactate is also used in baked goods, dairy products, and beverages to enhance taste and prevent spoilage.
Monosodium lactate is also used in cosmetics and personal care products as a humectant and moisturizer.

Monosodium lactate helps to attract and retain moisture in the skin, hair, and nails.
Monosodium lactate is used in the medical industry as a component in intravenous (IV) fluids and dialysis solutions.
Monosodium lactate is also used in the production of biodegradable plastics.

Monosodium lactate is a safer alternative to conventional plastics as it breaks down into non-toxic compounds.
Monosodium lactate has antimicrobial properties and is effective against a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Monosodium lactate has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may have potential health benefits.
Monosodium lactate can help to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease.

Monosodium lactate has low toxicity and is considered safe for consumption by regulatory agencies.
Monosodium lactate is also used in the textile industry as a dyeing and finishing agent.

Monosodium lactate improves color fastness and enhances the softness and durability of fabrics.
Monosodium lactate is biodegradable and environmentally friendly.

Monosodium lactate does not contribute to pollution or harm to wildlife.
Monosodium lactate has a wide range of applications in the food, cosmetic, medical, and industrial fields.
Monosodium lactate is a versatile chemical with many beneficial properties.

Monosodium lactate is affordable and readily available in the market.
Monosodium lactate is an excellent choice for manufacturers looking for a safe, effective, and sustainable ingredient for their products.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: C3H5NaO3
Molecular weight: 112.06 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellowish liquid or powder
Odor: Odorless or slight characteristic odor
Solubility: Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether and chloroform
Density: 1.33 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point: 72-73 °C
Boiling point: 121-122 °C (10 mmHg)
pH value: 6.0-7.5 (1% solution in water)
Viscosity: 4-5 mPa.s (20 °C)
Refractive index: 1.421-1.423 (20 °C)
Heat of combustion: -3.29 MJ/kg
Flash point: 114 °C (238 °F) (closed cup)
Autoignition temperature: 400 °C (752 °F)
Flammability: Not flammable
Explosive properties: Not explosive
Oxidizing properties: Not oxidizing
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic
Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sodium oxide, lactate
Vapor pressure: 3.4 Pa (20 °C)
Octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow): -1.73
Water solubility: 800 g/L (20 °C)
Purity: ≥98% (liquid), ≥99% (powder)



FIRST AID


Here are some first aid measures for Monosodium lactate:


Eye Contact:

Rinse the affected eye(s) immediately with plenty of water.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.


Skin Contact:

Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
If skin irritation occurs, seek medical attention.


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing becomes difficult, seek medical attention.


Ingestion:

Rinse mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting.
Seek medical attention immediately.


Note: It is important to always refer to the safety data sheet (SDS) and follow the recommended first aid measures provided by the manufacturer or supplier.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Sure, here are some handling and storage information for Monosodium lactate:


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and lab coat.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Do not breathe dust or vapor.


Storage:

Store in a tightly closed container.
Keep away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents.
Keep away from heat and direct sunlight.
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Store in a designated area for hazardous materials.
Keep out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.



SYNONYMS


Sodium lactate monohydrate
Sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Lactic acid sodium salt
E325
Lactic acid monosodium salt
Monosodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Sodium alpha-hydroxypropionate
Sodium (S)-lactate
Lactate sodium
Neutral sodium lactate
Sodium lactate solution
Sodium 2-hydroxypropionate monohydrate
Lactic acid, sodium salt, monohydrate
Sodium lactate monohydrate solution
2-Hydroxypropanoic acid sodium salt
Monosodium (S)-2-hydroxypropanoate
Sodium lactate monohydrate, USP
Sodium L-lactate
Neutralizing agent sodium lactate
Sodium lactate hydrate
2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, monosodium salt
Sodium lactate monohydrate, FCC
Sodium L-lactate hydrate
Neutralizing sodium salt of lactic acid
Lactic acid sodium salt monohydrate
Sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Sodium lactate monohydrate
Lactic acid sodium salt
Monosodium 2-hydroxypropanoate
Sodium alpha-hydroxypropionate
Monosodium DL-lactate
E325
Nalactone
Monosodium DL-2-hydroxypropanoate
2-hydroxypropanoic acid, sodium salt
Lactic acid, monosodium salt, monohydrate
Sodi lactas monohydratus
Sodi lactas
Lactato monosodico
Monosodio dell'acido lattico
Mononatriumlactat
Mononatriumlaktat-monohydrat
Natrii lactas monohydricus
Natriumlactat, monohydrat
Sodium DL-lactate monohydrate
Sodium lactate hydrate
Sodium lactate monohydrate (JP17)
Sodium, lactate monohydrate (8CI)
Lactic acid, sodium salt, monohydrate
UNII-YP7309Y3ZM

DESCRIPTION:
Monosodium n-lauroyl-l-glutamate is an antiasthmatic.
Monosodium n-lauroyl-l-glutamate is a Sodium salt of the lauric acid amide of glutamic acid
Sodium lauroyl glutamate uses and applications include: Antistat, surfactant, emulsifier, detergent, emollient for cosmetics; bacteriostat

CAS Number: 29923-31-7
EC Number: 249-958-3
Molecular Weight: 351.41
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C17H30NNaO5

SYNTHESIS METHOD DETAILS OF MONOSODIUM N-LAUROYL-L-GLUTAMATE:
Design of the Synthesis Pathway:
The synthesis pathway for N-Lauroyl-L-glutamic acid involves the amidation of L-glutamic acid with lauroyl chloride in the presence of a base.

Starting Materials:
L-glutamic acid, Lauroyl chloride, Base (e.g. triethylamine or sodium hydroxide), Solvent (e.g. dichloromethane or chloroform)

Reaction:
Dissolve L-glutamic acid in the solvent
Add the base to the solution
Add lauroyl chloride dropwise to the solution while stirring
Heat the solution to reflux for several hours
Allow the solution to cool and filter the precipitate
Wash the precipitate with the solvent
Dry the product under vacuum








CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MONOSODIUM N-LAUROYL-L-GLUTAMATE:
Boiling Point543.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Appearance White or of- white powder or crystlline power,odorless
Solubility Very soluble in N,N-Dimethylformamide,Soluble in methanol,Sparingly soluble inglacial acetic acid, Very slightly soluble inchloroform, Practically insoluble in water.
PSA: 106.53000
XLogP3: 2.39770
Boiling Point: 543.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 282.6ºC
Molecular Formula C17H30NO5.Na
Molar Mass 351.42
Density 1.277[at 20℃]
Water Solubility 1.11g/L at 20℃
Vapor Presure 5Pa at 20℃
pKa 3.78[at 20 ℃]
Storage Condition Room Temperature
Shelf Life >3 years if stored properly
Solubility Soluble in DMSO
Storage Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Boiling Point: 543.6oC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 282.6oC
Density: 1.277[at 20℃]
Vapor Pressure: 5Pa at 20℃
PKA: 3.78[at 20 ℃]
Water Solubility: 1.11g/L at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: Sodium lauroyl glutamate(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Sodium lauroyl glutamate(29923-31-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium lauroyl glutamate(29923-31-7)

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT MONOSODIUM N-LAUROYL-L-GLUTAMATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product








SYNONYMS OF MONOSODIUM N-LAUROYL-L-GLUTAMATE:
N-(1-Oxododecyl)-L-glutamic acid monosodium salt
N-Lauroyl-L-glutamic acid monosodium salt
Sodium N-dodecanoylglutamate
Sodium lauroyl glutamate
acylglutamate ls-11
Sodium lauroylglutamate
SODIUM LAUROYL GLUTAMATE
N-dodecanoyl-L-glutamic acid
SODIUM-N-LAUROYL-L-GLUTAMATE
monosodium n-lauroyl-l-glutamate
(N-(1-OXODODECYL)1-L-GLUTAMIC ACID
n-lauroyl-l-glutamic acid monosodium salt
sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxododecyl)-L-glutamate
L-Glutamic acid,N-(1-oxo-dodecyl)-,sodium salt
n-(1-oxododecyl)-l-glutamic aci monosodium salt
L-Glutamic acid, N-(1-oxo-dodecyl)-, sodium salt
sodium (2S)-4-carboxy-2-(dodecanoylamino)butanoate
L-Glutamic acid, N-(1-oxododecyl)-, monosodium salt
n-lauroyl-glutamic aci l-glutamic aci monosodium salt
sodium 1-[(5-oxidanidyl-5-oxidanylidenenorvalyl)oxy]-1-oxododecane

Monosodium phosphate SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE Sodium dihydrogenorthophosphate Sodium phosphate monobasic Sodium acid phosphate Sodium phosphate, monobasic Monosodium dihydrogen orthophosphate sodium dihydrogenphosphate Acid sodium phosphate Monosodium monophosphate Sodium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Sodium primary phosphate Monosodium orthophosphate Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate Monobasic sodium phosphate Monosorb XP-4 Phosphoric acid, sodium salt Monosodium dihydrogen phosphate Monosodium phosphate, anhydrous CAS 7558-80-7

MONOSODIUM PHOSPHATE (2 HYDRATE) cas no: 13472-35-0

Monosodium phosphate, also known as monobasic sodium phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, is an inorganic compound of sodium with a dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−) anion.
One of many sodium phosphates, Monosodium phosphate is a common industrial chemical.
The salt exists in an anhydrous form, as well as mono- and dihydrates.

CAS: 7558-80-7
MF: H3O4P.Na
MW: 119.977
EINECS: 231-449-2

Monosodium phosphate is a sodium phosphate.
Monosodium phosphate is a food grade white powder that stabilizes and corrects the pH of several dairy products.
Monosodium phosphate also acts for pH adjustment and as buffer for tooth paste.
Monosodium phosphate is a white powder, which complies with the specifications of the current Food Chemicals Codex for Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic.
Monosodium phosphate is used as an acidulant, buffering agent, emulsifying agent, and protein modifier.

Monosodium phosphate can be used as a gelling aid by use of its acidulation properties.
Monosodium phosphate also accelerates gelation in custard pudding and no-bake cheesecake mixes.
The acidifying effects of Monosodium phosphate can be used to bring tartness to non-cola beverages.
Monosodium phosphate is a saline laxative that is thought to work by increasing fluid in the small intestine.
Monosodium phosphate usually results in a bowel movement after 30 minutes to 6 hours.
Monosodium Phosphate is used as a buffering agent for a wide array of products.
Monosodium phosphate is also used to control pH in water treatment applications.

Monosodium phosphate Chemical Properties
Melting point: <0°C
Boiling point: 100°C
Density: 1.40 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility H2O: 5 M, clear, colorless
Form: powder
Color: White
PH: 4.0 - 4.5 (25℃, 50g/L in water)
pka: (1) 2.15, (2) 6.82, (3) 12.38 (at 25℃)
Odor: at 100.00?%. odorless
Water Solubility: Soluble in water. Insoluble in alcohol,ether and chloroform.
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: ≤0.025
λ: 280 nm Amax: ≤0.02
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,8660
BRN: 3903772
Stability:: Stable. Incompatible with heavy metals, strong acids.
InChIKey: AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: -2.148 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 7558-80-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Monosodium phosphate (7558-80-7)

The USP 32 states that Monosodium phosphate contains one or two molecules of water of hydration or is anhydrous.
The hydrated forms of Monosodium phosphate occur as odorless, colorless or white, slightly deliquescent crystals.
The anhydrous form occurs as a white crystalline powder or granules.
White, slightly deliquescent crystals or granules.

Physical properties
Anhydrous salt: white crystalline powder; slightly hygroscopic; forms sodium acid pyrophosphate, Na2H2P2O7 on heating above 225°C and sodium metaphosphate (NaPO3)n at about 350 to 400°C; very soluble in water, aqueous solution acidic.
Monohydrate: white orthorhombic crystals or granules; density 2.04 g/cm3; loses its water of crystallization at 100°C; very soluble in water, pH of 1% solution 4.5; insoluble in alcohol.
Dihydrate: large transparent crystals; orthorhombic bisphenoidal structure; density 1.915 g/cm3; decomposes at 60°C; very soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol.

Uses
Monosodium phosphate is used as sequestrant, emulsifier, mordant in dyeing, reagent and buffer in foods and analytical chemistry.
Monosodium phosphate was applied as a fireproofing agent and for weighting silk in tanning.
Monosodium phosphate is employed in manufacturing of enamels, ceramics, detergents, boiler compounds, in soldering and brazing instead of borax.

Monosodium phosphate has been used:
as a reagent for virus transfection and fiber implantation in mouse
in phosphate buffer for immunocytochemistry and to detect individual catalase activity by PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)
as a buffer for cycling assay
in automated DNA extraction method
as a chemical in artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (aCSF) solution for the preparation of brainstem-spinal cord from rats

Phosphates are often used in foods and in water treatment.
The pH of such formulations is generally adjusted by mixtures of various sodium phosphates, such as this salt.
The sodium chloride equivalent value, or E-Value, is 0.49.
Monosodium phosphate is soluble in 4.5 parts water.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Monosodium phosphate is used in a wide variety of pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent and as a sequestering agent.
Therapeutically, Monosodium phosphate is used as a mild saline laxative and in the treatment of hypophosphatemia.
Monosodium phosphate is also used in food products, for example, in baking powders, and as a dry acidulant and sequestrant.

Food additive
Monosodium phosphate is added in animal feed, toothpaste, and evaporated milk.
Monosodium phosphate is used as a thickening agent and emulsifier.

Detection of magnesium
Monosodium phosphate is used to detect the presence of magnesium ions in salts.
Formation of a white precipitate on the addition of ammonium chloride, ammonium hydroxide and Monosodium phosphate to an aqueous or dilute HCl solution of the salt indicates presence of magnesium ions.

Production and reactions
The salt is obtained by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid.
The pKa of monosodium phosphate is 6.8-7.2 (depending on the physicochemical characteristics during pKa determination).

Heating this salt above 169 °C gives the corresponding sodium acid pyrophosphate:

2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
When heated at 550 °C, anhydrous trisodium trimetaphosphate results:

3NaH2PO4 → Na3P3O9 + 3 H2O

Synonyms
Monosodium phosphate
7558-80-7
SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
Sodium phosphate monobasic
Sodium dihydrogenorthophosphate
Sodium acid phosphate
Sodium phosphate, monobasic
Sodium primary phosphate
Monosodium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Monosodium monophosphate
Monosodium phosphate, anhydrous
Sodium phosphate monobasic anhydrous
Monobasic sodium phosphate
Acid sodium phosphate
Monosodium orthophosphate
sodium dihydrogenphosphate
Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate
Monosorb XP-4
Monosodium dihydrogen phosphate
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, anhydrous
Primary sodium phosphate
Phosphoric acid, monosodium salt
Sodium phosphate (Na(H2PO4))
sodium;dihydrogen phosphate
Sodium biphosphate anhydrous
Monosodium hydrogen phosphate
Sodium biphosphate, anhydrous
Sodium phosphate (NaH2PO4)
Sodium orthophosphate, primary
Sodium dihydrogen monophosphate
Sodium orthophosphate monobasic
HSDB 738
NaH2PO4
EINECS 231-449-2
Sodium phosphate,monobasic
UNII-KH7I04HPUU
KH7I04HPUU
89140-32-9
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (1:2:1)
Sodium monobasic phosphate (NaH2PO4)
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4)
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC ANHYDROUS
INS NO.339(I)
CHEBI:37585
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ANHYDROUS
Monosodium dihydrogen monophosphate
INS-339(I)
MFCD00003527
Sodium phosphate monobasic (anhydrate)
Sodium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous)
E-339(I)
phosphoric acid, monosodium salt, anhydrous
EC 231-449-2
MSP
MFCD00146206
Clicolon
Sodiumdihydrogenphosphate-16O4
Sodium phosphate monobasic, anhydrous
sodiumdihydrogenphosphate
sodium dihydrogenphoshate
sodium dihydrogenphospate
sodium dihydrogenphosphat
sodiumdihydrogen phosphate
natriumdihydrogen-phosphate
H2O4P.Na
H3O4P.Na
sodium dihydrogen-phosphate
sodium phosphate mono-basic
UNII-SE337SVY37
H3-O4-P.Na
INKP-100
SE337SVY37
DTXSID7035222
AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Sodium phosphate, monobasic (USP)
Anhydrous monobasic sodium phosphate
Phosphoric acid sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium dihydrogenphosphate (granular)
Phosphoric acid, sodium salt (1:?)
Phosphoric acid, sodium salt (1:1)
AKOS024433265
AT32901
DB09449
LS-2421
SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC [HSDB]
Sodium phosphate monobasic, AR, >=98%
Sodium phosphate monobasic, LR, >=97%
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC [MI]
E339
SODIUM PHOSPHATE,MONOBASIC [VANDF]
FT-0698935
Sodium phosphate monobasic, for HPLC, 99%
D04400
Sodium phosphate monobasic, BioXtra, >=99.0%
Q415877
Sodium phosphate monobasic, USP, 98.0-103.0%
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ANHYDROUS [II]
2-Methyl-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one
Sodium phosphate monobasic, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.0%
SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC (ANHYDROUS) [WHO-DD]
Sodium phosphate monobasic, 99.999% trace metals basis
Sodium phosphate monobasic, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC ANHYDROUS [ORANGE BOOK]
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ANHYDROUS [ORANGE BOOK]
Sodium phosphate monobasic, SAJ first grade, 98.0-101.0%
Sodium phosphate monobasic, SAJ special grade, 99.0-101.0%
Sodium phosphate monobasic, purum p.a., anhydrous, >=99.0% (T)
Sodium phosphate monobasic, meets USP testing specifications, anhydrous
Sodium phosphate monobasic, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), >=99.0%
Sodium phosphate monobasic, BioReagent, for molecular biology, anhydrous, >=98%
Sodium phosphate monobasic, Biotechnology Performance Certified, Cell Culture Tested
Sodium phosphate monobasic Molecular Biology Grade, suitable for cell culture, insect cell culture, and plant cell culture
Sodium phosphate monobasic, BioPerformance Certified, suitable for cell culture, suitable for insect cell culture, suitable for plant cell culture, >=99.0% (titration)

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also known as monosodium phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a white, crystalline powder
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is highly soluble in water.


CAS NUMBER: 13472-35-0

EC NUMBER: 603-853-2

MOLECULAR FORMULA: H6NaO6P

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 156.01 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: sodium;dihydrogen phosphate;dihydrate



The dihydrate form indicates that it contains two water molecules per molecule of sodium phosphate monobasic.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a reagent with very high buffering capacity

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry and chromatography.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is highly hygroscopic and water soluble.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used in the preparation of biological buffers.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used in many applications including the purification of antibodies.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is commonly used in various applications, including as a food additive, pH buffer, and a laboratory reagent.
In the food industry, Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is utilized as a sequestrant, emulsifier, and acidulant, contributing to the texture, taste, and preservation of food products.

As a pH buffer, Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate helps maintain a stable pH level in various solutions, making it valuable in laboratory and industrial settings.
In addition to Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate's applications in the food and laboratory sectors, sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate is also utilized in the pharmaceutical industry.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate can be found in some medications as an excipient, aiding in the formulation and stabilization of drugs.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is important to handle sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate with care and follow proper safety precautions, as it may irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is advised to wear appropriate protective equipment when working with this compound.

Overall, Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a versatile chemical compound that finds utility in several industries
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is playing roles in food production, pH regulation, and pharmaceutical formulation.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also known as monobasic sodium phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is an inorganic compound of sodium with a dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−) anion.

One of many sodium phosphates, Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a common industrial chemical.
The salt exists in an anhydrous form, as well as mono- and dihydrates.

Production and Reactions:
The salt is obtained by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid.
The pKa of monosodium phosphate is 6.8-7.2 (depending on the physicochemical characteristics during pKa determination).

Heating this salt above 169 °C gives the corresponding sodium acid pyrophosphate:
2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O

When heated at 550 °C, anhydrous trisodium trimetaphosphate results:
3NaH2PO4 → Na3P3O9 + 3 H2O

USES:
Phosphates are often used in foods and in water treatment.
The pH of such formulations is generally adjusted by mixtures of various sodium phosphates, such as this salt.
The sodium chloride equivalent value, or E-Value, is 0.49. It is soluble in 4.5 parts water.

Food Additive:
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is added in animal feed, toothpaste, and evaporated milk.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used as a thickening agent and emulsifier.

Detection of Magnesium:
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used to detect the presence of magnesium ions in salts.
Formation of a white precipitate on the addition of ammonium chloride, ammonium hydroxide and monosodium phosphate to an aqueous or dilute HCl solution of the salt indicates presence of magnesium ions.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a saline laxative that is thought to work by increasing fluid in the small intestine.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is soluble in water
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is insoluble in alcohol,ether and chloroform.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is an acidulant, buffer, and sequestrant
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is mildly acid, with a ph of 4.5

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate very soluble in water, with a solubility of 87 g/100 ml of water at 25°c.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used as an acidulant in effervescent powders and laxatives.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also used in soft drink dry-mix formulations, in cheese, and in carbonated beverages.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also termed monosodium dihydrogen orthophosphate; sodium phosphate, monobasic; sodium biphosphate; sodium acid phos- phate; and monosodium monophosphate.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 156.01 g/mol

-Exact Mass: 155.97996919 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 155.97996919 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 82.6Ų

-Physical Description: Colorless to white hygroscopic solid

-Density: 1.40g/mLat 20°C

-Melting Point: <0°C

-Boling Point: 100°C

-Vapor Presure: 0Pa

-Water Solubility: Soluble in water


Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a common pharmaceutical chemical having a white crystal-like appearance.
One of many sodium phosphates, Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is an inorganic sodium compound with a dihydrogen phosphate anion (H_2 PO_4^-).

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate's IUPAC name is Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
Generally, the salt exists in three forms: anhydrous, monohydrate and dihydrate.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6

-Rotatable Bond Count: 0

-Heavy Atom Count: 8

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 61.9

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 4

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Metals -> Phosphates, Metallic Salts


Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used as a food additive in animal feed, evaporated milk, and toothpaste.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also used as an emulsifier as well as a thickening agent.

The presence of magnesium ion can be detected with the help of this salt.
The monohydrate form of Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a reagent with a large buffering capacity.
This inorganic sodium compound finds wide application in the field of biochemistry, molecular biology, and chromatography.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate has various alternative names such as:
-Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate

-Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate

-Sodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrate

-Phosphoric acid, monosodium salt, monohydrate


Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is highly hygroscopic
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is water-soluble compound

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a reagent with a large buffering capacity.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used in the purification of antibodies.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also used in manufacture of leather and textile products.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate has a crystalline form

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is a reagent with very high buffering capacity
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate widely used in molecular biology, biochemistry and chromatography.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used in the preparation of biological buffers.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used in many applications including the purification of antibodies.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate can be found in some medications as an excipient, aiding in the formulation and stabilization of drugs.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is an inorganic compound of sodium with a dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4−) anion.

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is added in animal feed, toothpaste, and evaporated milk.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used as a thickening agent and emulsifier.
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is insoluble in alcohol

Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is used as an acidulant
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate is also used in soft drink dry-mix formulations in carbonated beverages.


SYNONYMS:

13472-35-0
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate
Sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate
Monosodium phosphate dihydrate
Phosphoric acid, monosodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium phosphate, monobasic, dihydrate
Sodium phosphate dihydrate
sodium dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate
Monosodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate
sodium;dihydrogen phosphate;dihydrate
Sodium phosphate (NaH2PO4) dihydrate
UNII-5QWK665956
5QWK665956
MFCD00149209
H2O4P.Na.2H2O
mono-sodium phosphate dihydrate
Sodiumphosphatemonobasicdihydrate
dihydratemonobasicsodium phosphate
H2-O4-P.Na.2H2-O
DTXSID90158903
sodium dihydrogenphosphate-dihydrate
sodium dihydrogen-phosphate dihydrate
sodium dihydrogenphosphate di-hydrate
AKOS028109516
Phosphoric Acid Monosodium Salt Dihydrate
MONOBASIC SODIUM PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE
LS-145530
FT-0645121
MONOBASIC SODIUM PHOSPHATE, DIHYDRATE
SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC (DIHYDRATE)
MONOSODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE, DIHYDRATE
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, DIHYDRATE
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, DIHYDRATE
Q27262757
SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC (DIHYDRATE)
SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE
Sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate
MSP
monosorbxp-4
acidsodiumphosphate
Monosodium Phosphate
Mono Sodium Phosphate
SODIUMDIHYDROPHOSPHATE
MONOSODIUMPHOSPHATE(BULK
SODIUMMONOBASICPHOSPHATE
NATRIUMDIHYDROGENPHOSPHATE
Sodium phosphate monobasic
Sodium phosphate, monobasic
monosodiumhydrogenphosphate
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
phosphatemonobasiquedesodium
MONOSODIUM PHOSPHATE ANHYDROUS
Monosodium Phosphate anhydride
Monosodium Phosphate Dihydrate
Sodium Dihydrogen Monophosphate
sodium dihydrogenorthophosphate
SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE-16O4
SODIUMSALTSOFORTHOPHOSPHORICACID
monosodiumdihydrogenorthophosphate
monosodiumphosphate(sodiumdihydrogen
sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous
MONOBASICSODIUMPHOSPHATE,ANHYDROUS,USP
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, anhydrous
monosodiumphosphate(sodiumdihydrogenphosphate)

Glutamic acid, monosodium salt; MSG; L-Glutamic Acid Monosodium Salt; Sodium L-Glutamate, Mono; L-(+)sodium glutamate; Glutamate monosodium salt; monosodium-L-glutamate; sodium-L-glutamate; L-Glutamic acid, monosodium salt, monohydrate; Glutammato Monosodico (Italian); Natriumglutaminat (German); Hidrogenoglutamato de sodio (Spanish); Hydrogénoglutamate de sodium (French) CAS NO: 142-47-2 (Anhydrous) 6106-04-3 (Monohydrate)

SYNONYMS Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine; Diethylene oximide; Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Diethylenimide oxide; Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine; Diethylene imidoxide; 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine; CAS NO. 110-91-8

Morpholine, also known as 1, 4-oxazepine and diethylenimine oxide, is a kind of colorless alkaline oily liquid.
Morpholine smells of ammonia and has hygroscopicity.
Morpholine could evaporate with water vapor and miscible with water.

CAS: 110-91-8
MF: C4H9NO
MW: 87.12
EINECS: 203-815-1

Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; Morpholine's conjugate acid is called morpholinium.
For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Morpholine is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
The naming of morpholine is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
Morpholine appears as a colorless liquid with a fishlike odor.
Flash point 100 °F.
Corrosive to tissue.
Less dense than water and soluble in water.
Vapors heavier than air.
Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.

Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Morpholine is Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents.
Morpholine vapor could form an explosive mixture with air and the explosion limit is 1.8% to 15.2% (volume fraction).
Morpholine is a secondary amine, and at the same time it has the property of inorganic acid and organic acid, so that it can generate salt and amide.
Morpholine contains secondary amine groups and it has all the typical reaction characteristics of the secondary amine groups.
Morpholine can react with inorganic acid to form a salt, and also can react with organic acid to form salt or amide.

Morpholine can carry out alkylation reactions and it also carry out ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.
Because of the unique chemical properties of morpholine, it has become one of the important petrochemical products with important commercial application.
Morpholine can be applied to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as NOBS, DTOS and MDS.
And Morpholine is also applied to produce anti-corrosives, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, detergents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleach, fruit preservatives, and textile dyeing auxiliaries.
Morpholine also has a wide range of applications in the field of rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries.
In medication Morpholine could be applied in the production of morpholine guanidine, virus Ling, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and other important drugs.

The two main production method of morpholine are DEA method (diethanolamine method) and DEA method (diethylene glycol method)
Morpholine is noteworthy that new polymer monomer acrylic morpholine has obtained a rapid development in recent years.
Acrylic acid morpholine could be produced from the reaction between acrylic acid and morpholine.
And acrylic acid morpholine is a kind of water-soluble monomer, and it is still water-soluble after the polymerization.
So Morpholine could be applied for the modification of aqueous polymers.
Besides, acrylic morpholine is widely used as a reactive diluent for UV curable resins.
With the deepening of applied research, many new specific uses have been developed and Morpholine becomes polymer monomer with rapid development.

As a kind of metal corrosion inhibitor, Morpholine is mainly applied for the anti-corrosion of iron, copper, zinc, lead and other metals.
Morpholine remains at its starting stage in China, but outside the country, a considerable proportion of Morpholine are used as a kind of anti-rust agent for metal gas to prevent the metal corrosion caused by atmosphere and it has been widely used in the field of mechanical instruments, automobiles, medical equipment and others.
The metal atmospheric rust inhibitor used earlier such as dicyclohexylamine nitrite and cyclohexylamine do harm to the human body and they are more environmentally toxic.
Instead, morpholine as a metal gas-liquid corrosion inhibitor, it has the advantages of low toxicity, so the foreground is prosperous.

Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
An aqueous solution with a fishlike odor.
Corrosive to tissue and moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation.

Morpholine Chemical Properties
Melting point: -7--5 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 3 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Fp: 96 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility water: miscible
Form: Liquid
pka: 8.33(at 25℃)
Color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 0.996
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
PH: 11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
Explosive limit: 1.4-15.2%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint: -4.9℃
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,6277
BRN: 102549
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 20 ppm (～70 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL skin 30 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 8000 ppm.
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey: YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.860
CAS DataBase Reference: 110-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Morpholine(110-91-8)
IARC: 3 (Vol. 47, 71) 1999
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine (110-91-8)

Morpholine is colorless water-absorbing oily liquid and it smells ammonia.
Morpholine is soluble in water and methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether, ethylene glycol and other commonly used solvents.
Morpholine is a colorless liquid with a weak ammonia or fish-like odor.
The odor threshold is 0.01 ppm.
The chemical reactivity of morpholine is attributed to the secondary amine function of the molecule; organic condensations, alkylations, and arylations readily occur, with the formation of N-substituted morpholine products of wide diversity.
Ethers are relatively chemically inert, hence the oxygen is of relatively little consequence except as a member of the heterocyclic ring.

Physical properties
Colorless, mobile, oily, hygroscopic, flammable liquid with a weak ammonia-like odor.
Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 40 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 25 μg/m3 (70 ppbv), respectively.
Forms explosive vapors at temperatures >35 °C.

Uses
(1) For medicine, Morpholine used as the raw materials for rubber accelerator and fluorescent whitening agent.
(2) Morpholine is the intermediates of fungicide dimethomorph and flumorpholine and organophosphate insecticide phosalphos.
(3) Morpholine is Mainly used for the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also for surfactant, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, pesticide synthesis.
(4) Morpholine also used as a catalyst for polymerization of butadiene, corrosion inhibitors, optical bleach, the goods are dyes, resins, wax, early glue, casein and other solvents.
At present, the total production of morpholine in the world is 3-4 million t/a.
(5) Morpholine salts are also widely used.
Morpholine salts like morpholine hydrochloride (10024-89-2) are the organic synthesis of intermediates.

Morpholine fatty acid salt can be used as the coating agent of fruits or vegetables epidermal coating agent, and it could inhibit the base respiration and prevent the epidermis from evaporation of water and epidermal atrophy.
(6) Morpholine is the main raw materials of accelerator NOBS. for analysis reagents and resins, wax, shellac and other solvents, used in the production of sodium sulfate.
Water glass and ultramarine.
Also used in the manufacture of glass. Paper. Detergent. Soap. Dye. Synthetic fiber. Tanning. Medicine and ceramics industries.
Analysis reagents, such as nitrogen determination, dehydrating agent.
(7) Morpholine is used for the analysis of reagents and resins, wax, casein, shellac and a variety of solvents solvent.
(8) Morpholine could produce salt after reacting with inorganic acid, and it also could produce salt or amide after reacting with organic acid.
Morpholine also can be alkylated, and it also could come up a ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Industrial uses
The total industrial consumption of morpholine is 11,000 metric tons/year.
The largest usage for morpholine (33%) is in the rubber industry as an intermediate in the production of delayed-action accelerators for the polymerization of rubber, as stabilizers against heat-aging effects, and as bloom inhibitors in butyl rubber vulcanization.
A second large proportion (25%) of morpholine production is used as an inhibitor to combat carbonic acid corrosion in condensate return lines of steam boiler systems.
Morpholine is an intermediate in the manufacture of optical brighteners utilized by the soap and detergent industry.

Morpholine reacts readily with fatty acids, forming soaps used in the formulation of self-polishing waxes and polishes and in coatings for the food industry.
N-methyl morpholine and TV-ethyl morpholine are used as catalysts in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
Morpholine derivatives are utilized in pharmaceutical applications, as bactericides, fungicides, and herbicides, and as separating agents for oils.
Other derivatives are utilized in the textile and printing industry as adjuvants, whitening agents, stabilizers, ink eradicators, and paper conditioners.

Production method
(1) Morpholine could be produced by diethanolamine dehydration cyclization derived from sulfuric acid.
Add diethanolamine to the water reaction pot and drop sulfuric acid in the temperature of 60 ℃, then when the temperature heat at 185-195 ℃, incubate it for 30min.
Cool Morpholine to under 60℃ and drop sodium hydroxide solution to pH = 11.
The next steeps are cooling, filtering, filtrating distillation, collecting the following fractions below 130℃.
The content of spermine is suppose to reach more than 99.5%.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, so it has become the main method of producing morpholine in the world. Morpholine also could be produced in the catalytic reaction between dioxane and ammonia gas.

(2) The preparation method is that we could get Morpholine from the presence of sulfuric acid dehydration cyclization diethanolamine.
In the presence of sulfuric acid ; then add diethanolamine into the reaction kettle and add H2SO4 at a temperature of below 6°C, then heat it to 185-195 °C for 30 minutes, cool to 60°C.
Drop NaOH solution to pH = 11, and the last two steeps is cooling and filtrating.
Morpholine could be collected from the fraction below 130 °C.
We can also get morpholine from the reaction between diethylene glycol and ammonia in the presence of catalyst and pressure.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, thus it is the main method of producing morpholine around the world.

Morpholine is made by dehydrating ethanolamines.
Morpholine's main use is as a rubber accelerator in manufacturing tires.
This process requires high temperature (300°F) and pressure, which increase the hazards.
Morpholine is also used as a boiler water additive, brightener for detergents, and corrosion inhibitor, in the preservation of book paper, in waxes and polishes, and in organic synthesis.
Solvent for resins, waxes, casein, dyes; morpholine compounds used as corrosion inhibitors, insecticides, antiseptics, intermediate for rubber-processing chemicals; corrosion inhibitors; waxes and polishes; optical brighteners.
Rubber accelerator, solvent, additive to boilerwater, waxes and polishes, optical brightener fordetergents, corrosion inhibitor, preservation of bookpaper, organic intermediate (catalyst, antioxidants,pharmaceuticals, bactericides, etc.).

Reactivity Profile
Morpholine dissolved in water neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Health Hazard
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed.
Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Morpholine is extremely irritating, causing severe damage to the eyes, mucous membranes, and skin upon contact.
Eye irritation, with transient corneal edema and temporary foggy vision are common symptoms of overexposure to vapors in the workplace.

Morpholine is readily absorbed through the skin; it causes nasal irritation when inhaled, with coughing, bronchial irritation, and pulmonary edema at increasingly higher concentrations.
Upon ingestion, Morpholine causes hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract, with possible diarrhea; liver and kidney damage may occur if sufficient amounts are ingested or inhaled.
Morpholine itself is not a carcinogen on the basis of available data.
Morpholine is an irritant to the eyes, skin,and mucous membranes.
The irritant actionsin rabbit eyes and skin were severe.
In humans the inhalation of its vapors cancause visual disturbance, nasal irritation, andcoughing.
High concentrations can producerespiratory distress.

Fire Hazard
Flammable/combustible material.
May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
Most vapors are heavier than air.
They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
Containers may explode when heated.
Many liquids are lighter than water.

Synonyms
MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Diethylene oximide
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylenimide oxide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
morpholin
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
BASF 238
Caswell No. 584
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
138048-80-3
NSC 9376
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
CCRIS 2482
HSDB 102
EINECS 203-815-1
UNII-8B2ZCK305O
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701
BRN 0102549
8B2ZCK305O
DTXSID2025688
CHEBI:34856
AI3-01231
NSC-9376
MFCD00005972
UN2054
C4H9NO
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
DTXCID305688
EC 203-815-1
4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
MORPHOLINE (IARC)
MORPHOLINE [IARC]
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine
1,4-oxazinane
CAS-110-91-8
MORPHOLINE,REAG
MORPHOLINE, PRACT
morphline
Morfolina
Morpholine; Molsidomine Imp. E (EP); Molsidomine Impurity E
morpho line
morpholine-
6LR
MORPHOLINE TECH
4H-1, tetrahydro-
MPL (CHRIS Code)
MORPHOLINE [MI]
MORPHOLINE [FCC]
DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE
MORPHOLINE [HSDB]
MORPHOLINE [INCI]
tetra-hydro-1,4-oxazine
Morpholine on Rasta Resin
WLN: T6M DOTJ
NCIMech_000154
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
NCIOpen2_007748
Oprea1_317540
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
BIDD:ER0297
Morpholine, analytical standard
CHEMBL276518
NSC9376
AMY22834
BCP24054
STR00194
EINECS 263-172-8
Tox21_202450
Tox21_303240
NA2054
STL182843
TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE
AKOS000118829
Molsidomine Imp. E (EP): Morpholine
Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
DB13669
NA 2054
UN 2054
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701
NCGC00249227-01
NCGC00256942-01
NCGC00259999-01
61791-40-0
Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
FT-0628993
M0465
EN300-18064
Morpholine purified by distillation from glass
Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%
Q410243
J-522715
F2190-0339
InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H
ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading
StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked

Morpholine is an organic chemical compound
Morpholine's chemical formula is O(CH2CH2)2NH.
Morpholine appears as a colorless liquid with


CAS NUMBER: 110-91-8

EC NUMBER: 203-815-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C4H9NO

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 87.12 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: morpholine


Morpholine has a fishlike odor.
Morpholine's flash point is 100 °F.

Morpholine is corrosive to tissue.
Morpholine is less dense than water

Morpholine is soluble in water.
Morpholine's vapors heavier than air

Morpholine is used to make other chemicals
Morpholine is used as a corrosion inhibitor
Morpholine can be used in detergents.

This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.

For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Morpholine is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
The naming of morpholine is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine

Morpholine is used in washing & cleaning products.
Morpholine is used in building & construction work.

Morpholine is used for the manufacture of chemicals and fabricated metal products.
Morpholine is a synthetic organic liquid used mainly as an intermediate in the production of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners

USES:
Industrial Applications:
Morpholine is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems.
Morpholine is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.
Morpholine's pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.
Morpholine is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants. Morpholine decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.

Organic Synthesis:
Morpholine undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine.
For this reason, Morpholine forms a stable chloramine.

Morpholine is commonly used to generate enamines.
Morpholine is widely used in organic synthesis.

Morpholine is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with a particular smell (smells like ammonia or fishy smell).
Morpholine is entirely miscible with water, as well as with lots of organic solvents.

Morpholine is an organic chemical compound.
Morpholine is a base because of the amine.
Morpholine's conjugate acid is called morpholinium.

For example, Morpholine is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid, the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa) and the analgesic dextromoramide.
In research and in industry, the low cost and polarity of morpholine lead to its common use as a solvent for chemical reactions.

Agriculture:
As a fruit coating
Morpholine is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit.
Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned.
A small amount of new wax is applied to replace it.
Morpholine is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.

As a component in fungicides
Morpholine derivatives used as agricultural fungicides in cereals are known as ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors.

*Amorolfine
*Fenpropimorph
*Tridemorph

Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 87.12 g/mol

-XLogP3: -0.9

-Exact Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 21.3Ų

-Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a fishlike odor

-Color: Colorless

-Form: Liquid

-Odor: Weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor

-Boiling Point: 128 °C

-Melting Point: -4.8 °C

-Flash Point: 38 °C

-Solubility in water: miscible

-Density: 1.007

-Vapor Density: 3

-Vapor Pressure: 10.1 mmHg

-Autoignition Temperature: 310 °C

-Viscosity: 2.23 cP

-Surface Tension: 37.5 dynes/cm

-Ionization Potential: 8.88 eV

-Refractive Index: 1.4540


Morpholine is used as an additive for adjusting pH in nuclear power plant steam systems and fossil fuels.
Morpholine is also used for corrosion protection of boiler water stream systems in chemical plants.

Morpholine appears as a colorless liquid
Morpholine has a fishlike odor


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2

-Rotatable Bond Count: 0

-Heavy Atom Count: 6

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 34.5

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Nitrogen Compounds -> Morpholines


Morpholine is used for the preparation of alumina catalysts.
They are prepared in the form of a gelling agent for the treatment of hydrocarbons.

Morpholine is commonly used for the synthesis of enamines.
Morpholine is an important ingredient to produce linezolid, which is an antibiotic used for treating infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.

Morpholine's flash point is 100 °F.
Morpholine is corrosive to tissue.

Morpholine is less dense than water
Morpholine is soluble in water

Morpholine is also used in gefitinib, a cancer drug.
Morpholine is also used in the analgesic dextromoramide.
Morpholine salts such as morpholine hydrochloride are used for the organic synthesis of intermediates.

Morpholine in the form of a chemical emulsifier is used for the protection of fruits.
This is achieved through the process of waxing, where a wax layer is applied onto the fruits.
This coating protects fruits from insects and fungal infestation.
Morpholine is widely used as an intermediate in the rubber industry to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as DTOS, MDS and NOBS.

Morpholine vapors heavier than air
Morpholine is used to make other chemicals

Morpholine is used as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.
Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.

Morpholine is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.

Morpholine is used in the following products:
-adhesives and sealants
-coating products
-inks and toners
-anti-freeze products
-biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products)
-fuels
-photo-chemicals
-polishes and waxes
-washing & cleaning products
-paper chemicals
-dyes

Morpholine is used as a corrosion inhibitor for metals such as copper, iron, lead, zinc and other metals.
Morpholine is widely used in areas such as automobiles, mechanical instruments and medical equipment.

Morpholine is used in the manufacture of paper, glass, soap, detergent, dye and synthetic fibre.
Morpholine is used to manufacture analysis reagents for nitrogen determination.
Morpholine also finds applications in pharmaceuticals, tanning, textiles, household care and ceramics industries.

Morpholine is an organic compound with both amine and ether groups, obtained by dehydrating diethanolamine with sulphuric acid.
Morpholine can be adapted to many different activities for many important applications.

Morpholine can be used as emulsifiers in waxes and polishes processing industries.
Morpholine is a very good pH adjuster which is very effective for nuclear power plants.
Morpholine can also be used as an ingredient in fungicides and bactericides.


SYNONYMS:

MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylene oximide
Diethylenimide oxide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
morpholin
BASF 238
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
138048-80-3
NSC 9376
MFCD00005972
C4H9NO
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
NSC-9376
DTXCID305688
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
CAS-110-91-8
CCRIS 2482
HSDB 102
MORPHOLINE,REAG
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
MORPHOLINE, PRACT
EINECS 203-815-1
morphline
UNII-8B2ZCK305O
morpho line
morpholine-
AI3-01231
6LR
4H-1, tetrahydro-
Morpholine on Rasta Resin
WLN: T6M DOTJ
EC 203-815-1
NCIMech_000154
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
NCIOpen2_007748
Oprea1_317540
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
CHEMBL276518
AKOS000118829
DB13669
NA 2054
UN 2054
NCGC00249227-01
NCGC00256942-01
NCGC00259999-01
61791-40-0
Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
DB-030063
Morpholine
FT-0628993
M0465
EN300-18064
Q410243
J-522715
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane ; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8 (D, 98%)
tetrahydro 1.4 oxazine
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetraidro-1,4-ossazina
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Diethyleneimide oxide
diethylenimide oxide
Drewamine
Morpholine purified by distillation from glass
Morpholine-d8
N-Vinylbenzylmorpholine-divinylbenzene Copolymer
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-P-isoxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine

Morpholine is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, morpholine is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.

CAS Number: 110-91-8
EC Number: 203-815-1
Molecular Weight: 87.12 g/mol

For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Morpholine is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
The naming of morpholine is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.

Morpholine is an important building block for rubber chemicals and finds a multitude of applications in other industries.
Morpholine is used as an intermediate for water treatment, the production of pharmaceutical and agrocultural products as well as optical brightners.


Morpholine appears as a colorless liquid with a fishlike odor.
Flash point of Morpholine is 100 °F.
Morpholine is Corrosive to tissue.

Morpholine is Less dense than water and soluble in water.
Vapors of Morpholine is heavier than air.
Morpholine is Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.
Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.

PRODUCTION OF MORPHOLINE:
Morpholine is often produced industrially by the dehydration of diethanolamine with sulfuric acid.
The major process for the production of morpholine until the early 1970s was the acidcatalysed dehydration of diethanolamine.
This process has largely been replaced by a process based on the reaction of diethylene glycol with ammonia at high temperatures and pressures, with or without a catalyst.

Typically, diethylene glycol and ammonIa are combined in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst at a temperature between 150-400°C and a pressure between 3-4 MPa (30-400 atm).
The hydrogenation catalyst may be any one of a number of metals.
Excess ammonia is stripped from the crude reaction mixure, and morpho line is obtained by fractional distilation.

Production of morpholine in the USA in 1981 was estimated to be in the range of 1300 tonnes - about 40% higher than output ten years earlier.
Imports to the USA may have been about 1100160 tonnes per year in the late 1970s; in 1981, they were reported to be in the range of 700 tonnes.
About 1400 tonnes per year are exprted from the USA.

USES OF MORPHOLINE:
Industrial applications:
Morpholine is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems.
Morpholine is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.

Its pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.
Morpholine is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.
Morpholine decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.

Organic synthesis:
Morpholine undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering Morpholine less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine.
For this reason, Morpholine forms a stable chloramine.
Morpholine is commonly used to generate enamines.

Morpholine is widely used in organic synthesis.
For example, Morpholine is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid, the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa) and the analgesic dextromoramide.
In research and in industry, the low cost and polarity of morpholine lead to its common use as a solvent for chemical reactions.

Agriculture:
As a fruit coating:
Morpholine is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit.
Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned.

A small amount of new wax is applied to replace Morpholine.
Morpholine is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.
The European Union has forbidden the use of morpholine in fruit coating.

As a component in fungicides:
Morpholine derivatives used as agricultural fungicides in cereals are known as ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors.
• Amorolfine
• Fenpropimorph
• Tridemorph

Morpholine is tyically used as follows: rubber chemicals, 40%; corrosion inhibitors,
30%; waxes and polishes, 5%; optical brighteners, 5%; and miscellaneous, 20%.

Rubber chemicals:
Morpholine is an important intermediate for rubber-processing chemicals, especially in the production of delayed-action rubber accelerators, which are added durig the vulcanization process to reduce the possibilty of prevulcaniztion durig the mixg stages of fabrication.
Morpholine-derived sulfur compounds give a high rate of cure durig vulcaniztion, with a reduced tendency to overcure.
These include morpholinium N,N-oxydiethylenedithiocrbamate and 2-(N-morpholinothio )benzothiazole. Morpholine derivatives, such as
N,N' -dithiodimorpholine and N,N' -tetrathiodimorpholine, are also used to stabilize halogenated butyl rubber against heat-ageing effects.
Corrosion control:
Morpholineis used to control corrosion in steam condensate systems.
Morpholine neutralizes carbon dioxide and other corrosive acid components in steam and condensate, aids in maintaining the proper pH throughout the system, has a suitable vapour pressure and aqueous solubilty, and is stable at temperatures up to 288°C.

Morpholine and its salts with fatty acids from animal and vegetable oils may be used as corrosion inhibitors for steel or tin plate to be used in contact with foo.
Morpholine has been used as a corrosion inhibitor in the natural gas and pipeline industiy.

Wax and polishes:
Morpholine reacts readily with fatty acids, forming emulsifg agents, which are used in the formulation of water-resistant waxes and polishes for automobiles, fIoors, leather and furniture.
As the fim of polish emulsion gradually dries, morpholine evaporates to form a fim highly resistant to waterspotting and deterioration.

An example of this tye of polish is a carnauba wax formulation with the followig composition (in parts by weight): carnauba wax, 11.2; oleic acid, 2.4; morpholine, 2.2; water, 67.0. A tyical silcone automobile polish-cleaner is composed as follows (in parts by weight): silcone fIuid, 4.0; oleic acid, 2.5; morpholine, 1.5; Stoddard solvent (see the monograph on sorne petroleum solvents, p. ), 19; kerosene (deodouried), 2; water, 57; abrasive, 14.
The followig formulation is representative of silcone-cntaining furniture polishes (in parts by weight): silcone fIuid, 5.0; VM & P naphtha (see the monograph on some petroleum solvents, p. 43) (high flash), 30.0; oleic acid, 2.5; morpholine, 1.5; water, 60.6; water-soluble resin, 0.4.

Optical brighteners:
Morpholine is an importnt intermediate in the manufacture of optical brighteners.
The diaminostilbene trizine tye brightener with morpholine as a substituent on one of the triazine rigs is used in home laundiy detergents since it is stable to chlorie bleaches.

Miscellaneous:
Morpholine and its salts have been reported to be used as components of protective coatings applied on fruits and vegetables.

The compound has been used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, including such diverse products as analgesics, locl anaesthetics, respiratoiy and circulatoiy stimulants, antispasmodics and soluble sulfanilamides.
Morpholine derivatives have been used widely in the textile industiy, as softening agents for cellulosic fibrès, ingredients of rayon spinning baths, sizing emulsifiers, textile lubricants, whitening agents and dyes.
Cosmetic products that may incorpra te morpholine-based compounds include hair conditioners, deodorants, shampos, mouthwashes and cosmetic creams.

Stabilizers and antioxidants for lubricating oils, soluble oils for cutting tools and carbn remover compounds have been prepared from morpholine.
This compound has a high selectivity and solvency for aromaties and can be used to extract benzene, toluene and xylene economically from petroleum feedstock.
Other products sythesized from morpholine include ion-exchange resins, dyes for electrolytic recording inks and photographic chemicals.

APPLICATIONS OF MORPHOLINE:
Morpholine may be used in the preparation of derivatives such as 4-benzoyloxymorpholine and 1-morpholinopropan-1-one.
Morpholine may also be used in the preparation of (S)-3,3′-bis-morpholinomethyl-5,5′,6,6′,7,7′,8,8′-octahydro-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol, a bifunctional chiral catalyst for asymmetric synthesis.
As a base, morpholine can be used in the preparation of 1,3-disubstituted allenes from terminal alkynes and aldehydes.

Morpholine can be used as a buffer component in the separation of peptides and pathogenic lipopolysaccharides during on-line chromatographic preconcentration coupled to capillary zone electrophoresis–electrospray mass spectrometry (cPC–CZE–ES-MS) analysis from colony isolates.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT MORPHOLINE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MORPHOLINE:
Chemical formula C4H9NO
Molar mass 87.122 g•mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Weak ammonia-like or fish-like[3]
Density 1.007 g/cm3
Melting point −5 °C (23 °F; 268 K)
Boiling point 129 °C (264 °F; 402 K)
Solubility in water miscible
Vapor pressure 6 mmHg (20 °C)[3]
Acidity (pKa) 8.36[4] (of conjugate acid)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) -55.0•10−6 cm3/mol
Chemical Formula: C4H9NO
Flash Point: 100°F
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): 1.8 %
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): 10.8 %
Autoignition Temperature: 590°F
Melting Point: 23.2°F
Vapor Pressure: 6.6 mmHg at 68°F
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): 3
Specific Gravity: 1 at 68°F
Boiling Point: 264°F at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight: 87.12
Water Solubility: Soluble
Ionization Energy/Potential: 8.88 eV
IDLH: 1400 ppm ; Based on 10% of the lower explosive limit.
Grade: ACS reagent
Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure:
31 mmHg ( 38 °C)
7 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Assay: ≥99.0%
Form: liquid
autoignition temp.: 590 °F
expl. lim.: 10.8 %
color: APHA: ≤15
refractive index: n20/D 1.454 (lit.)
Boiling point 129 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 1.000 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 1.4 - 15.2 %(V)
Flash point 32 °C
Ignition temperature 275 °C
Melting Point -7 - -5 °C
pH value 10.6 (5 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C) (undiluted)
Vapor pressure 9.33 hPa (20 °C)
Viscosity kinematic 2.2 mm2/s (20 °C)
Molecular Weight 87.12 g/mol
XLogP3 -0.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 87.068413911 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 87.068413911 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 21.3Ų
Heavy Atom Count 6
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 34.5
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes

OTHER NAMES:
Diethylenimide oxide
1,4-Oxazinane
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine


SYNONYMS OF MORPHOLINE:
102549 [Beilstein]
110-91-8 [RN]
203-815-1 [EINECS]
8B2ZCK305O
MFCD00005972 [MDL number]
Morfolina [Italian]
Morfolina [Portuguese]
Morpholin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Morpholine [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
Morpholine [French] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
QD6475000
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
UNII:8B2ZCK305O
Морфолин [Russian]
モルホリン [Japanese]
吗啉 [Chinese]
吗啡啉 [Chinese]
(2H9)Morpholine [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,4-Oxazinane
134071-14-0 [RN]
138048-80-3 [RN]
175591-17-0 [RN]
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
203578-31-8 [RN]
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein]
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Diethyleneimide oxide
diethylenimide oxide
Drewamine
m
Morpholine purified by distillation from glass
Morpholine-d8
N-Vinylbenzylmorpholine-divinylbenzene Copolymer
Oprea1_317540
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
ST5213815
STR00194
T6M DOTJ [WLN]
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-P-isoxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
UN 2054
UNII-8B2ZCK305O
WLN: T6M DOTJ
morpholine
morpholine hydrochloride
morpholine hydroiodide
morpholine phosphate
morpholine phosphate (3:1)
morpholine phosphonate (1:1)
morpholine sulfite (1:1)
MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylene oximide
Diethylenimide oxide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
morpholin
BASF 238
Caswell No. 584
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
138048-80-3
NSC 9376
MFCD00005972
C4H9NO
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
8B2ZCK305O
DTXSID2025688
CHEBI:34856
NSC-9376
DTXCID305688
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
CAS-110-91-8
CCRIS 2482
HSDB 102
MORPHOLINE,REAG
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
MORPHOLINE, PRACT
EINECS 203-815-1
UN2054
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701
BRN 0102549
morphline
UNII-8B2ZCK305O
morpho line
morpholine-
AI3-01231
6LR
4H-1, tetrahydro-
MORPHOLINE [MI]
Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
Morpholine Reagent Grade
MORPHOLINE [FCC]
MORPHOLINE [HSDB]
MORPHOLINE [IARC]
MORPHOLINE [INCI]
Morpholine on Rasta Resin
WLN: T6M DOTJ
EC 203-815-1
NCIMech_000154
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
NCIOpen2_007748
Oprea1_317540
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
BIDD:ER0297
Morpholine, analytical standard
CHEMBL276518
NSC9376
AMY22834
BCP24054
STR00194
Tox21_202450
Tox21_303240
STL182843
AKOS000118829
Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
DB13669
NA 2054
UN 2054
NCGC00249227-01
NCGC00256942-01
NCGC00259999-01
61791-40-0
Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
DB-030063
Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
FT-0628993
M0465
EN300-18064
Morpholine purified by distillation from glass
Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%
Q410243
J-522715
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane ; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
F2190-0339
ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading
StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) , also known as diethylenimine oxide, is a kind of colorless alkaline oily liquid.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) smells of ammonia and has hygroscopicity.

CAS Number: 110-91-8
Molecular Formula: C4H9NO
Molecular Weight: 87.12
EINECS Number: 203-815-1

MORPHOLINE, 110-91-8, 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane, Diethylene oximide, Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, Diethylenimide oxide, Diethyleneimide oxide, Diethylene imidoxide, Drewamine, Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine, Tetrahydro-p-oxazine, p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-, morpholin, Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine, BASF 238, Caswell No. 584, 2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-, 4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-, 138048-80-3, NSC 9376, Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine, CCRIS 2482, HSDB 102, EINECS 203-815-1, UNII-8B2ZCK305O, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701, BRN 0102549, 8B2ZCK305O, DTXSID2025688, CHEBI:34856, AI3-01231, NSC-9376, MFCD00005972, C4H9NO, Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine, DTXCID305688, EC 203-815-1, 4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), MORPHOLINE (IARC), MORPHOLINE [IARC], MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8, tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine, 1,4-oxazinane, CAS-110-91-8, MORPHOLINE,REAG, MORPHOLINE, PRACT, UN2054, morphline, Morpholine; Molsidomine Imp. E (EP); Molsidomine Impurity E, morpho line, morpholine-6LR, Morpholine (BASF), 4H-1, tetrahydro-, MORPHOLINE [MI], Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid], MORPHOLINE [FCC], DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE, MORPHOLINE [HSDB], MORPHOLINE [INCI], Morpholine on Rasta Resin, WLN: T6M DOTJ, NCIMech_000154, Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine, NCIOpen2_007748, Oprea1_317540, Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine, Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine, BIDD:ER0297, Morpholine, analytical standard, CHEMBL276518, NSC9376, AMY22834, BCP24054, STR00194, Tox21_202450, Tox21_303240, TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE, AKOS000118829, Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%, Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.0%, DB13669, NA 2054, UN 2054, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701, NCGC00249227-01, NCGC00256942-01, NCGC00259999-01, Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%, Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid], FT-0628993, M0465, EN300-18064, Morpholine purified by distillation from glass, Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%, Q410243, J-522715, F2190-0339, InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H, ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading, StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) could evaporate with water vapor and miscible with water.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) Vapor could form an explosive mixture with air and the explosion limit is 1.8% to 15.2% (volume fraction).

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) helps protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is sometimes used in water treatment formulations for cooling and heating systems to prevent corrosion and scale formation.
Besides, acrylic Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is widely used as a reactive diluent for UV curable resins.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is employed in gas scrubbing processes to remove acidic impurities, such as hydrogen sulfide, from industrial gases.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a secondary amine, and at the same time it has the property of inorganic acid and organic acid, so that it can generate salt and amide.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) contains secondary amine groups and it has all the typical reaction characteristics of the secondary amine groups.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can react with inorganic acid to form a salt, and also can react with organic acid to form salt or amide.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a cyclic amine that consists of a six-membered ring containing both oxygen and nitrogen atoms.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is known for its corrosion-inhibiting properties, making it useful in various industries, such as the production and transportation of water and steam.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C4H9NO.
In Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) , the term "technical grade" typically refers to a product that may not meet the high purity standards required for laboratory or
pharmaceutical use but is suitable for various industrial applications.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a catalyst in the production of rubber and polymers.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) helps control the molecular weight and structure of polymer products.
In the textile industry, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used as a solvent in dyeing processes and as a stabilizer for dyes.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) may be added to gasoline and lubricants to inhibit corrosion in engines and fuel systems.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.

Because of the amine, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.
For example, treating Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is colorless water-absorbing oily liquid and it smells ammonia.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is soluble in water and methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether, ethylene glycol and other commonly used solvents.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a colorless to yellow liquid with a weak ammonia or fish-like odor.
The reactivity of Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is mainly due to its secondary amine group.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) readily undergoes organic condensations, alkylations, and arylations, resulting in the formation of various N-substituted morpholine compounds.

Ethers are relatively chemically inert, hence the oxygen is of relatively little consequence except as a member of the heterocyclic ring.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) , Reagent, ACS is used as an industrial pH modifier and corrosion inhibitor.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is also used as organic synthetic building block and a laboratory solvent.

As an ACS grade quality reagent, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is chemical specifications are the de facto standards for chemicals used in many high-purity applications and typically designate the highest quality chemical available for laboratory use.
Spectrum Chemical manufactured Reagent ACS grade products meet the toughest regulatory standards for quality and purity.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a volatile organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C4H9NO.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) has the properties of two functional groups, amine and ether.
In fact, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a chemically stable amino ether. Due to the presence of amines, morpholine is a base whose conjugated acid is morpholinium.
While higher-purity grades are used in pharmaceuticals, technical grade morpholine may find application in certain aspects of pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to improve performance and stability.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is widely used in the production of many chemicals as a corrosion inhibitor and also in detergents.
Shanghai Chemex is one of the most reputable suppliers of this chemical in the world.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a colorless liquid with a fishy odor that has a flashpoint of 100 degrees Fahrenheit and is corrosive to tissues, soluble in water, and denser than water.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol, and other organic solvents, and its vapors are heavier than air and can form explosive mixtures with air.
The most important application of morpholine is as an intermediate in the production of accelerators used in the rubber industry.

Accelerators will be added to the rubber before production to speed up vulcanization.
Another application of this chemical compound is in medicine and the pharmaceutical industry.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used to produce a variety of local anesthetics, sedatives, analgesics, vascular and respiratory stimulants.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is an extremely versatile chemical with many important applications.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is also used extensively as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is often used as a solvent in various industrial processes, such as the extraction of natural gas and the purification of pharmaceuticals.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is employed as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems and other water-based cooling systems to help prevent corrosion of metal components.
So Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) could be applied for the modification of aqueous polymers.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H9NO.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the production of adhesives and sealants.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is utilized in the natural gas industry for sweetening, which involves removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas streams.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be found in some formulations of paints and coatings as a stabilizer or pH adjuster.
Technical-grade Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) refers to morpholine that is produced and used for industrial purposes, typically in applications where high purity is not a critical requirement.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid free of suspended matter.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is fully miscible with water and almost all common organic solvents, and slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is generally used as a chemical intermediate in corrosion inhibitors for steam boiler systems, but also has uses in pharmaceuticals,
textiles, rubbers, catalysts, plasticizers, dyes, and agricultural and photographic chemicals.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can carry out alkylation reactions and it also carry out ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.
Because of the unique chemical properties of Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) , it has become one of the important petrochemical products with important commercial application.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be applied to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as NOBS, DTOS and MDS.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is also applied to produce anti-corrosives, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, detergents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleach, fruit preservatives, and textile dyeing auxiliaries.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) also has a wide range of applications in the field of rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries.
In medication it could be applied in the production of Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) , virus Ling, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and other important drugs.

The two main production method of Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) are DEA method (diethanolamine method) and DEA method (diethylene glycol method).
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is noteworthy that new polymer monomer acrylic morpholine has obtained a rapid development in recent years.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the rubber industry as an intermediate for the production of accelerators and as a curing agent.

Due to its favorable thermal stability and low freezing point, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is employed in heat transfer fluids in various industrial processes.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in metal cleaning processes, particularly for removing rust and scale from metal surfaces.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is employed as a building block in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used in the paper and pulp industry as an additive in the pulping process.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the textile industry for printing and dyeing processes.
Due to its ability to inhibit corrosion, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is added to cooling and antifreeze fluids in some applications.

In laboratories, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used as a reagent in chemical synthesis and analysis.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives are sometimes employed in biomedical research for their potential pharmacological activities.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can function as a plasticizer in the production of certain plastics.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used in the production of rubber accelerators, optical brighteners, and certain pharmaceuticals.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is sometimes used as a pH regulator in water treatment processes.

In some polymerization processes, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used as a catalyst or an aid to control the polymerization reaction.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in gas scrubbing systems to remove acidic components, such as hydrogen sulfide, from gas streams.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is mainly applied for the anti-corrosion of iron, copper, zinc, lead and other metals.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) remains at its starting stage in China, but outside the country, a considerable proportion of Morpholine are used as a kind of anti-rust agent for metal gas to prevent the metal corrosion caused by atmosphere and it has been widely used in the field of mechanical instruments, automobiles, medical equipment and others.
The metal atmospheric rust inhibitor used earlier such as dicyclohexylamine nitrite and cyclohexylamine do harm to the human body and they are more environmentally toxic.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) finds application in the textile industry as a catalyst for the production of certain dyes and as a stabilizer for emulsions.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is often used in a range of industrial processes and applications due to its chemical properties.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a colorless, amine-like liquid with a characteristic odor.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) consists of a six-membered ring containing both nitrogen and oxygen atoms.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a colorless, amine-like liquid with a characteristic amine odor.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) could be produced from the reaction between acrylic acid and morpholine.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a kind of water-soluble monomer, and it is still water-soluble after the polymerization.

Melting point: -7--5 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Flash point: 96 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: water: miscible
form: Liquid
pka: 8.33(at 25℃)
color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 0.996
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
PH: 11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
explosive limit: 1.4-15.2%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint: -4.9℃
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Dielectric constant: 7.3（25℃）
LogP: -0.860

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a chemical intermediate used in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and surfactants.
This 97% pure technical grade compound is typically used for research purposes.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) should be handled with care as it may cause skin irritation or eye damage upon contact.

May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) did not produce an increase in tumors in rats that inhaled from 10 to 150 ppm for 2 years.

No tumors were seen in rats fed 5000 ppm Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) for 8 weeks and observed for their lifetime.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) fed concurrently with sodium nitrate increased the numbers of hepatocellular carcinomas and sarcomas of the liver and lungs of rats and mice, probably mediated through the formation of N-nitrosomorpholine.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in water treatment processes to control pH and prevent corrosion in water systems.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) finds applications in electroplating processes, where it can be used as a buffering agent.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is utilized in the production of certain types of inks as a stabilizer and pH regulator.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is sometimes used as an additive in gasoline to improve combustion efficiency.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives are employed in the synthesis of herbicides and pesticides.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be used in the manufacture of photographic chemicals.
In the oil and gas industry, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is sometimes employed as a scavenger for hydrogen sulfide.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be used in the leather industry as a dyeing assistant.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be involved in processes related to the desulfurization of gasoline.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) may be used as an additive in coolant formulations for specific applications.

In natural gas storage, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be employed to prevent corrosion in storage tanks and pipelines.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be used in certain polymerization processes for cross-linking polymers.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in cooling water treatment to control corrosion and scale formation in cooling systems.

In the cosmetics industry, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is sometimes used as a humectant to retain moisture in certain formulations.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives have been investigated for their antifungal properties and may find applications in antifungal formulations.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be added to deicing fluids to enhance their performance in preventing ice formation on surfaces.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives may be used in the production of certain materials for photovoltaic devices.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be added to gasoline formulations to reduce vapor pressure, which is important for controlling emissions.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, contributing to the formation of a solid and durable material.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be involved in the synthesis of certain fertilizers.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) may be used as an additive in detergent formulations for its stabilizing and buffering properties.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be employed as octane enhancers in gasoline formulations.

In the printing industry, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the preparation of certain solutions and inks.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) -based compounds can be used in waterborne coatings to enhance their performance.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be found in some tobacco products as an additive.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in anti-corrosion paint formulations to protect metal surfaces.
In metal processing, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be employed in pickling solutions to remove oxides and scales from metal surfaces.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can serve as catalysts in hydroformylation reactions in the production of aldehydes.

In some wood preservation treatments, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be included to protect against decay and insects.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the production of certain synthetic resins.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) dissolved in water neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) forms a stable chloramine.
Colorless Liquid Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) Chemical has extensive application in water treatment plants.

This hygroscopic liquid chemical easily dilutes in water and most of organic solvents.
But it does not dissolve in alkaline liquid content.
This Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) has a distinctive smell that resembles the odor of ammonia.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) has a broad scope of applications.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) serves as an effective antioxidant, a chemical intermediate, gloss, and wax emulsifier in different industries.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) also serves as a polymerization prevention factor and as a paper preservative.
This liquid Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is accessible in pure form.

Production method Of Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) :
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) could be produced by diethanolamine dehydration cyclization derived from sulfuric acid.
Add diethanolamine to the water reaction pot and drop sulfuric acid in the temperature of 60 ℃, then when the temperature heat at 185-195 ℃, incubate it for 30min.
Cool it to under 60℃ and drop sodium hydroxide solution to pH = 11.

The next steeps are cooling, filtering, filtrating distillation, collecting the following fractions below 130℃.
The content of spermine is suppose to reach more than 99.5%. The method is easy to obtain raw materials, so it has become the main method of producing morpholine in the world.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) also could be produced in the catalytic reaction between dioxane and ammonia gas.

The preparation method is that we could get Morpholine from the presence of sulfuric acid dehydration cyclization diethanolamine In the presence of sulfuric acid ; then add diethanolamine into the reaction kettle and add H2SO4 at a temperature of below 6 °C, then heat it to 185-195 °C for 30 minutes, cool to 60 °C.
Drop NaOH solution to pH = 11, and the last two steeps is cooling and filtrating.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) could be collected from the fraction below 130 °C.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, thus it is the main method of producing morpholine around the world.

Uses:
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) also can be alkylated, and it also could come up a ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can also be used as a component in agricultural fungicides and microbial removal.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is one of the most widely used chemical compounds in various industries.

That is why many industries are looking for high-quality Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) .
In research and industry, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a solvent for chemical reactions due to its low cost and high polarity.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the production of inks as a stabilizer and pH regulator.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) applied in electroplating processes, where it serves as a buffering agent.
Found in some cosmetic formulations for its humectant properties, helping to retain moisture.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used for the analysis of reagents and resins, wax, casein, shellac and a variety of solvents solvent.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) s used as corrosion inhibitors, insecticides, antiseptics, intermediate for rubber-processing chemicals; corrosion inhibitors; waxes and polishes; optical brighteners.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) reacts readily with fatty acids, forming soaps used in the formulation of self-polishing waxes and polishes and in coatings for the food industry.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) and TV-ethyl morpholine are used as catalysts in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives are utilized in pharmaceutical applications, as bactericides, fungicides, and herbicides, and as separating agents for oils.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit.

Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the leather industry as a dyeing assistant.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is added to cooling and antifreeze fluids in some applications due to its ability to inhibit corrosion.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be involved in processes related to the desulfurization of gasoline.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is the main raw materials of accelerator NOBS.
For analysis reagents and resins, wax, shellac and other solvents, used in the production of sodium sulfate.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is Mainly used for the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also for surfactant, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, pesticide synthesis.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) also used as a catalyst for polymerization of butadiene, corrosion inhibitors, optical bleach, the goods are dyes, resins, wax, early glue, casein and other solvents.
At present, the total production of morpholine in the world is 3-4 million t/a.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) salts are also widely used.
Found in the formulation of adhesives and sealants in industries like construction.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in heat transfer fluids due to its thermal stability and low freezing point.

Employed in metal cleaning processes, particularly for removing rust and scale from metal surfaces.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the textile industry for dyeing and printing processes.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) applied in processes related to desulfurization, gas scrubbing, and as a scavenger for hydrogen sulfide.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in certain formulations of paints and coatings as a stabilizer and pH regulator.
Found in the manufacture of certain photographic chemicals.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in cooling water treatment to control corrosion and scale formation.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) and its derivatives serve as intermediates in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Included in gasoline formulations to improve combustion efficiency and reduce vapor pressure.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in wood preservation treatments to protect against decay and insects.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) added to certain antifreeze formulations to inhibit corrosion.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a humectant in cosmetics to retain moisture.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is added to deicing fluids to enhance their performance.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be involved in the synthesis of certain fertilizers.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is commonly used to generate enamines.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is widely used in organic synthesis.

For example, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid, the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa) and the analgesic dextromoramide.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) salts like morpholine hydrochloride (10024-89-2) are the organic synthesis of intermediates.
A small amount of new wax is applied to replace Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) .

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.
The European Union has forbidden the use of morpholine in fruit coating.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) has been used as a reference standard for the identification of the analyte in water by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) may be used as a reference standard for the determination of the analyte in fruit-based soft drinks, in natural waters and in vegetables by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and in drugs by GC-MS.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is widely used as a neutralizing amine to prevent carbonic acid corrosion in steam boiler systems.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) evaporates with the vapor in the system, and when the vapor becomes liquid, it liquefies with it, thus protecting the lines.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) vapors can prevent corrosion of silver and other metals, as well as obscuring their surfaces by acids such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is made by dehydrating ethanolamines. Its main use is as a rubber accelerator in manufacturing tires.
This process requires high temperature (300°F) and pressure, which increase the hazards.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is also used as a boiler water additive, brightener for detergents, and corrosion inhibitor, in the preservation of book paper, in waxes and polishes, and in organic synthesis.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) used as the raw materials for rubber accelerator and fluorescent whitening agent.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is the intermediates of fungicide dimethomorph and flumorpholine and organophosphate insecticide phosalphos.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) fatty acid salt can be used as the coating agent of fruits or vegetables epidermal coating agent, and it could inhibit the base respiration and prevent the epidermis from evaporation of water and epidermal atrophy.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be involved in the synthesis of certain fertilizers.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) may be used as an additive in coolant formulations for specific applications.
In natural gas storage, Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be employed to prevent corrosion in storage tanks and pipelines.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be used in certain polymerization processes for cross-linking polymers.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be employed as additives in gasoline to control engine knock and improve fuel performance.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives act as catalysts in hydroformylation reactions, a process used in the production of aldehydes.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can be part of aqueous cleaning solutions due to its solubility in water and ability to function as a stabilizer.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives are utilized in the synthesis of certain agricultural chemicals, including herbicides and pesticides.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives are investigated for their antifungal properties and potential applications in antifungal formulations.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as an additive in detergent formulations for its stabilizing and buffering properties.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the printing industry for the preparation of solutions and inks.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) added to gasoline formulations to reduce vapor pressure and control emissions.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, contributing to the formation of solid and durable materials.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives may be used in the production of materials for photovoltaic devices.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can be employed as octane enhancers in gasoline formulations.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives are used in biomedical research for potential pharmacological activities.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the production of polyurethane foams, where it can serve as a stabilizer and contribute to the foam's properties.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used in the paper and pulp industry as an additive in the pulping process.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives may be used as softeners in the textile industry.
Employed in metal pickling processes to remove oxides and scales from metal surfaces.
Other derivatives are utilized in the textile and printing industry as adjuvants, whitening agents, stabilizers, ink eradicators, and paper conditioners.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) , also known as Diethylenimide Oxide, is an organic chemical compound used in organic synthesis.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) could produce salt after reacting with inorganic acid, and it also could produce salt or amide after reacting with organic acid.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) derivatives can function as oxidation stabilizers in gasoline formulations.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as an auxiliary agent in textile printing processes.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is employed in the electronics industry for various applications, including the production of electronic chemicals.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is generally considered an additive and is used for a variety of purposes.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is often used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems and water cooling systems to prevent corrosion of metal components.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is employed in the natural gas industry for the removal of acidic components like hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas streams.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) serves as a solvent in different industrial processes, including the extraction of natural gas and the purification of pharmaceuticals.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is used as a pH regulator in water treatment processes and various industrial applications.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is utilized in the production of rubber accelerators, curing agents, and as a component in certain polymerization processes.

Safety Information:
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is important to prevent its release into the environment, as it can be toxic to aquatic organisms and may have adverse effects on ecosystems.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) itself is not highly flammable, it should be stored away from sources of ignition.
Fire safety measures should be in place, and firefighting personnel should be aware of the chemical's properties in case of a fire.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.
Adequate ventilation should be maintained in areas where the compound is handled, and respiratory protection may be necessary in situations with high concentrations of vapors.
Some individuals may develop sensitization to morpholine after repeated exposure, leading to allergic reactions.

Precautions, such as using protective clothing, can help minimize the risk of sensitization.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, to minimize the risk of skin and eye exposure.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) vapors may cause respiratory irritation.

Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) technical grade is classified as harmful if swallowed.
Ingestion can lead to adverse health effects, and the severity of these effects depends on factors such as the amount ingested and individual susceptibility.
Morpholine (1,4-Oxazinane) may have environmental implications.

Morpholine (110-91-8), also known as 1, 4-oxazepine and diethylenimine oxide, is a kind of colorless alkaline oily liquid.
Morpholine (110-91-8) smells of ammonia and has hygroscopicity.
Morpholine (110-91-8) could evaporate with water vapor and miscible with water.

CAS: 110-91-8
MF: C4H9NO
MW: 87.12
EINECS: 203-815-1

Synonyms
1,4-Oxazinan;1,4-oxazine,tetrahydro-;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;BASF 238;basf238;Diethylenimide oxide;diethylenimideoxide;Diethylene Oximide; Diethylene Imidoxide; Diethylenimide Oxide; Diethyleneimide Oxide; Tetrahydro-1, 4-Isoxazine; P-Isoxazine, Tetrahydro-; Caswell No. 584; Tetrahydro-P-Isoxazine; Morpholine (Substance)
;MORPHOLINE;110-91-8;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;Diethylene oximide;Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;Diethylenimide oxide;Diethyleneimide oxide;Diethylene imidoxide;Drewamine;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-p-oxazine;p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-;morpholin;Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine;BASF 238;Caswell No. 584;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;138048-80-3;NSC 9376;Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine;CCRIS 2482;HSDB 102;EINECS 203-815-1;UNII-8B2ZCK305O;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701;BRN 0102549
;8B2ZCK305O;DTXSID2025688;CHEBI:34856;AI3-01231;NSC-9376;MFCD00005972;C4H9NO;Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine;DTXCID305688;EC 203-815-1;4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);MORPHOLINE (IARC);MORPHOLINE [IARC];MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8;tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine;1,4-oxazinane
;CAS-110-91-8;MORPHOLINE,REAG;MORPHOLINE, PRACT;UN2054;morphline;Morpholine; Molsidomine Imp. E (EP); Molsidomine Impurity E;morpho line;morpholine-;6LR;Morpholine (BASF);4H-1, tetrahydro-;MORPHOLINE [MI];Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid];MORPHOLINE [FCC];DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE;MORPHOLINE [HSDB];MORPHOLINE [INCI];Morpholine on Rasta Resin;WLN: T6M DOTJ;NCIMech_000154;Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine;NCIOpen2_007748;Oprea1_317540;Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine;61791-40-0;BIDD:ER0297;Morpholine, analytical standard;CHEMBL276518;NSC9376;AMY22834;BCP24054;STR00194;Tox21_202450;Tox21_303240;TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE;AKOS000118829;Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%;Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%;DB13669;NA 2054;UN 2054;USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701;NCGC00249227-01;NCGC00256942-01;NCGC00259999-01;Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%;Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid];M0465;NS00010190;EN300-18064;Morpholine purified by distillation from glass;Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%;Q410243;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;J-522715;F2190-0339;InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H;ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading;StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked

Morpholine (110-91-8) is Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents.
Morpholine (110-91-8) could form an explosive mixture with air and the explosion limit is 1.8% to 15.2% (volume fraction).
Morpholine (110-91-8) is a secondary amine, and at the same time it has the property of inorganic acid and organic acid, so that it can generate salt and amide.
Morpholine (110-91-8) contains secondary amine groups and it has all the typical reaction characteristics of the secondary amine groups.
Morpholine (110-91-8) can react with inorganic acid to form a salt, and also can react with organic acid to form salt or amide.
Morpholine (110-91-8) can carry out alkylation reactions and it also carry out ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Because of the unique chemical properties of Morpholine (110-91-8), it has become one of the important petrochemical products with important commercial application.
Morpholine (110-91-8) can be applied to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as NOBS, DTOS and MDS.
And Morpholine (110-91-8) is also applied to produce anti-corrosives, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, detergents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleach, fruit preservatives, and textile dyeing auxiliaries.
Morpholine (110-91-8) also has a wide range of applications in the field of rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries.
In medication Morpholine (110-91-8) could be applied in the production of morpholine guanidine, virus Ling, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and other important drugs.

Morpholine (110-91-8) is noteworthy that new polymer monomer acrylic morpholine has obtained a rapid development in recent years.
Acrylic acid Morpholine (110-91-8) could be produced from the reaction between acrylic acid and morpholine.
And acrylic acid Morpholine (110-91-8) is a kind of water-soluble monomer, and it is still water-soluble after the polymerization.
So Morpholine (110-91-8) could be applied for the modification of aqueous polymers.
Besides, acrylic Morpholine (110-91-8) is widely used as a reactive diluent for UV curable resins.
With the deepening of applied research, many new specific uses have been developed and Morpholine (110-91-8) becomes polymer monomer with rapid development.
Morpholine is a colorless liquid with a weakammonia or fish-like odor.
The odor threshold is 0.01 ppm.
Molecular weight = 87.14; Specific gravity (H2O:1) 51.007; Boiling point = 128.9℃; Freezing/Meltingpoint 5 25℃; Vapor pressure 5 6 mmHg at 20℃; Flashpoint 5 37℃.
Autoignition temperature 5 310℃.
Explosivelimits: LEL 5 1.4%; UEL 5 11.2%.

Hazard Identification(based on NFPA-704 M Rating System):Health 3,Flammability ,Reactivity 0.
Soluble in water.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, Morpholine (110-91-8) is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.
For example, treating morpholine with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride. Morpholine (110-91-8) is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
The naming of Morpholine (110-91-8) is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
Morpholine (110-91-8), a pharmaceutical-grade compound, is known for its versatility in application and usage.
Primarily, Morpholine (110-91-8) serves as a solvent and catalyst integral to chemical reactions, garnering acclaim within the sphere of pharmaceutical syntheses.
The chemical formula C4H9NO and a molecular weight of 87.12 g/mol underscore precision in dosages and reactions.

Morpholine (110-91-8) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -7--5 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 3 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Fp: 96 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility water: miscible
Form: Liquid
Pka: 8.33(at 25℃)
Color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 0.996
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
PH: 11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
Explosive limit 1.4-15.2%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint: -4.9℃
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,6277
BRN: 102549
Dielectric constant: 7.3（25℃）
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 20 ppm (～70 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL skin 30 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 8000 ppm.
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey: YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.860
CAS DataBase Reference: 110-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Morpholine (110-91-8)(110-91-8)
IARC: 3 (Vol. 47, 71) 1999
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine (110-91-8) (110-91-8)

Morpholine (110-91-8) is colorless water-absorbing oily liquid and it smells ammonia.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is soluble in water and methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether, ethylene glycol and other commonly used solvents.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is a colorless to yellow liquid with a weak ammonia or fish-like odor.
The odor threshold is 0.01 ppm.
The reactivity of morpholine is mainly due to its secondary amine group.
Morpholine (110-91-8) readily undergoes organic condensations, alkylations, and arylations, resulting in the formation of various N-substituted morpholine compounds.
Ethers are relatively chemically inert, hence the oxygen is of relatively little consequence except as a member of the heterocyclic ring.

Physical properties
Colorless, mobile, oily, hygroscopic, flammable liquid with a weak ammonia-like odor.
Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 40 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 25 μg/m3 (70 ppbv), respectively.
Forms explosive vapors at temperatures >35 °C.

Uses
For medicine, Morpholine (110-91-8) used as the raw materials for rubber accelerator and fluorescent whitening agent.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is the intermediates of fungicide dimethomorph and flumorpholine and organophosphate insecticide phosalphos.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is Mainly used for the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also for surfactant, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, pesticide synthesis.
Morpholine (110-91-8) also used as a catalyst for polymerization of butadiene, corrosion inhibitors, optical bleach, the goods are dyes, resins, wax, early glue, casein and other solvents.
At present, the total production of Morpholine (110-91-8) in the world is 3-4 million t/a.
Morpholine salts are also widely used.

Morpholine (110-91-8) salts like morpholine hydrochloride (10024-89-2) are the organic synthesis of intermediates.
Morpholine (110-91-8) fatty acid salt can be used as the coating agent of fruits or vegetables epidermal coating agent, and it could inhibit the base respiration and prevent the epidermis from evaporation of water and epidermal atrophy.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is the main raw materials of accelerator NOBS. for analysis reagents and resins, wax, shellac and other solvents, used in the production of sodium sulfate.
Water glass and ultramarine.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is used for the analysis of reagents and resins, wax, casein, shellac and a variety of solvents solvent.
Morpholine (110-91-8) could produce salt after reacting with inorganic acid, and it also could produce salt or amide after reacting with organic acid.
Morpholine (110-91-8) also can be alkylated, and it also could come up a ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Morpholine (110-91-8) is made by dehydrating ethanolamines.
Morpholine (110-91-8)'s main use is as a rubber accelerator in manufacturing tires.
This process requires high temperature (300°F) and pressure, which increase the hazards.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is also used as a boiler water additive, brightener for detergents, and corrosion inhibitor, in the preservation of book paper, in waxes and polishes, and in organic synthesis.
Solvent for resins, waxes, casein, dyes; Morpholine (110-91-8) compounds used as corrosion inhibitors, insecticides, antiseptics, intermediate for rubber-processing chemicals; corrosion inhibitors; waxes and polishes; optical brighteners
Rubber accelerator, solvent, additive to boilerwater, waxes and polishes, optical brightener fordetergents, corrosion inhibitor, preservation of bookpaper, organic intermediate (catalyst, antioxidants,pharmaceuticals, bactericides, etc.).

Morpholine (110-91-8) is mainly used in the production of rubber vulcanization accelerators, and also used in the synthesis of surfactants, textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries, medicines and pesticides.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is also used as a catalyst for the polymerization of cis-butadiene, a corrosion inhibitor, and an optical bleach.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is also a solvent for dyes, resins, waxes, early gums, casein, and so on.
The salts of morpholine are also widely used.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is an intermediate of organic synthesis.
Morpholine (110-91-8) fatty acid salt can be used as a coating agent for the skin of fruits or melons and vegetables, and can appropriately inhibit the respiration of the base and preventthe evaporation of water and the shrinkage of epidermis.

Industrial uses
The total industrial consumption of Morpholine (110-91-8) is 11,000 metric tons/year.
The largest usage for Morpholine (110-91-8) (33%) is in the rubber industry as an intermediate in the production of delayed-action accelerators for the polymerization of rubber, as stabilizers against heat-aging effects, and as bloom inhibitors in butyl rubber vulcanization.
A second large proportion (25%) of morpholine production is used as an inhibitor to combat carbonic acid corrosion in condensate return lines of steam boiler systems.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is an intermediate in the manufacture of optical brighteners utilized by the soap and detergent industry.
Morpholine (110-91-8) reacts readily with fatty acids, forming soaps used in the formulation of self-polishing waxes and polishes and in coatings for the food industry.
N-methyl morpholine and TV-ethyl Morpholine (110-91-8) are used as catalysts in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
Morpholine (110-91-8) derivatives are utilized in pharmaceutical applications, as bactericides, fungicides, and herbicides, and as separating agents for oils.
Other derivatives are utilized in the textile and printing industry as adjuvants, whitening agents, stabilizers, ink eradicators, and paper conditioners.

Metal Corrosion Inhibitors
As a kind of metal corrosion inhibitor, Morpholine (110-91-8) is mainly applied for the anti-corrosion of iron, copper, zinc, lead and other metals.
Morpholine (110-91-8) remains at its starting stage in China, but outside the country, a considerable proportion of Morpholine (110-91-8) are used as a kind of anti-rust agent for metal gas to prevent the metal corrosion caused by atmosphere and it has been widely used in the field of mechanical instruments, automobiles, medical equipment and others.
The metal atmospheric rust inhibitor used earlier such as dicyclohexylamine nitrite and cyclohexylamine do harm to the human body and they are more environmentally toxic.
Instead, Morpholine (110-91-8) as a metal gas-liquid corrosion inhibitor, it has the advantages of low toxicity, so the foreground is prosperous.

Rubber Vulcanization Accelerator
Before 1990's, in Europe, the United States, Japan and other developed areas, the consumption of rubber vulcanization accelerator accounted for more than 50% of the total demand for morpholine.
At present, more than 30% consumption of rubber vulcanization accelerator is used for NOBS.
In recent years, the toxicity issue of the harmful nitrosamines in the accelerator which produced during rubber processing is driving more attention internationally.
A number of restrictive laws and regulations are introduced all around the world. For example, in Germany as early as 1982, the law about the regulations issued nitrosamine content control was established.
The United States, Japan, France, the United Kingdom actively developed new vulcanization accelerator which don’t produce nitrosamine, and they have stopped using nitrosamine which will produce vulcanization accelerator.

Therefore, the consumption of Morpholine (110-91-8) in foreign countries has decreased with banning of the accelerator NOBS year by year.
But China has joined the WTO, due to a large number of foreign enter and high requirement about additives localization, Morpholine (110-91-8) requires more environmental protection in China's rubber vulcanization accelerator.
Using non-toxic promoter and replacing NOBS becomes the general trend.
China's demand for NOBS is significantly reduced in recent years.
China will no longer use basic decomposition of nitrosamine secondary amine accelerator.
As the main substitute of NOBS, NS (N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide), which does not produce nitrosamines, has a large production capacity.
In 2005, the output was 14,000 tons and Morpholine (110-91-8) is 10.1%, of the total amount.
So there was good development momentum.

Quantitative Analysis
Get 4 parts of methanol solution with 0.1% of bromocresol green and 1 part of 0.1% aqueous solution with 0.1% of methyl red sodium salt.
Mix them and put aside to use as a mixed indicator later.
Get 50ml water in 250ml flask, add 0.4ml mixed indicator, drop 0.1moI/L hydrochloric acid, and wait for the color to turn green.
Accurately weighs the sample 1.4~1.6g, add the flask and mix it.
Use 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid titration and wait for the color to turn green.
Per ml, 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid is equivalent to 43.56mg C4H9NO.

Production method
(1) Morpholine (110-91-8) could be produced by diethanolamine dehydration cyclization derived from sulfuric acid.
Add diethanolamine to the water reaction pot and drop sulfuric acid in the temperature of 60 ℃, then when the temperature heat at 185-195 ℃, incubate it for 30min.
Cool Morpholine (110-91-8) to under 60℃ and drop sodium hydroxide solution to pH = 11.
The next steeps are cooling, filtering, filtrating distillation, collecting the following fractions below 130℃.
The content of spermine is suppose to reach more than 99.5%.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, so Morpholine (110-91-8) has become the main method of producing morpholine in the world.
Morpholine (110-91-8) also could be produced in the catalytic reaction between dioxane and ammonia gas.

(2) The preparation method is that we could get Morpholine (110-91-8) from the presence of sulfuric acid dehydration cyclization diethanolamine In the presence of sulfuric acid ; then add diethanolamine into the reaction kettle and add H2SO4 at a temperature of below 6 °C, then heat it to 185-195 °C for 30 minutes, cool to 60 °C.
Drop NaOH solution to pH = 11, and the last two steeps is cooling and filtrating. Morpholine could be collected from the fraction below 130 °C.
We can also get morpholine from the reaction between diethylene glycol and ammonia in the presence of catalyst and pressure.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, thus Morpholine (110-91-8) is the main method of producing morpholine around the world.

Morpholine (110-91-8) is produced by reacting diethylene glycol, ammonia, and a small amount of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst at 150-400°C and 30-400 atmospheres with the morpholine being recovered by fractional distillation.
Various byproducts include 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol and Af-alkylmorpholines.

Reactivity Profile
Morpholine (110-91-8) dissolved in water neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed.
Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Morpholine (110-91-8) is readily absorbed through the skin; it causes nasal irritation when inhaled, with coughing, bronchial irritation, and pulmonary edema at increasingly higher concentrations.
Upon ingestion, Morpholine (110-91-8) causes hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract, with possible diarrhea; liver and kidney damage may occur if sufficient amounts are ingested or inhaled.
Morpholine (110-91-8) itself is not a carcinogen on the basis of available data.

Morpholine is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C4H9NO.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a cyclic amine that contains both oxygen and nitrogen in its five-membered ring structure
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a heterocyclic organic compound with a distinctive five-membered ring structure.

CAS Number: 110-91-8
EC Number: 203-815-1

Piperazinone, Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, Diethyleneimide, Morpholinium, Tetrahydrooxazine, 1,4-oxazine, Morpholinic Acid, 1,4-Oxazinane, Diethyleneimide, Morpholin, Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, Oxazinane, tetrahydro-1,4-, 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane, UNII-CCG5I79U9R, Tetrahydro-4-oxazine, Morpholinium, 1,4-Oxazinane, Tetramethyleneimide, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane, Morpholinum, Piperazinone, Diethylene Oxide, 1,4-Dioxinane, Diethylene Imide, Oxazinane



APPLICATIONS


Morpholine (C4H9NO) is commonly used as a solvent in various chemical processes, thanks to its excellent solubility in water and organic solvents.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) plays a key role in the pharmaceutical industry, serving as an important intermediate in the synthesis of drugs.

In the field of corrosion inhibition, morpholine is utilized to protect metals in cooling systems from corrosion.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application as a stabilizing agent in the production of rubber and polymers, contributing to the quality and durability of the final products.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) acts as a catalyst in certain chemical reactions, enhancing the efficiency of the reaction process.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the production of surfactants, contributing to the formulation of detergents and cleaning products.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used as a raw material in the manufacturing of rubber accelerators, crucial for the rubber industry.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a valuable component in the synthesis of various agrochemicals and pesticides used in agriculture.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as an important reagent in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and coatings.
In the oil and gas industry, morpholine is employed to neutralize acidic components and prevent corrosion in refining processes.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) acts as a complexing agent in metal-catalyzed reactions, influencing the selectivity and efficiency of these reactions.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized as a scavenger in gas treatment processes to remove undesirable impurities such as hydrogen sulfide.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application in water treatment to control pH levels and prevent corrosion in water systems.
Morpholine is used as a component in hydraulic fluids, helping to maintain the stability and performance of the fluids.

In the textile industry, morpholine is employed as a leveling agent in dyeing processes to ensure uniform coloration.
It plays a role in the synthesis of antioxidants, contributing to the stability and longevity of certain materials.

Morpholine is applied in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings, enhancing their performance characteristics.
In the manufacturing of cleaning agents, morpholine is used to formulate products with effective and controlled properties.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the production of specialty chemicals used in the electronics and semiconductor industries.

Morpholine is utilized in the formulation of brake fluids, contributing to their stability and performance in automotive systems.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as an effective buffering agent in various chemical processes, helping to maintain pH levels.
In the production of specialty polymers, morpholine contributes to the desired properties of the final polymer products.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, aiding in the efficient production of medicines.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application in gas sweetening processes, helping to remove unwanted sulfur compounds from natural gas.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in research laboratories as a versatile reagent in organic synthesis and chemical analysis.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the production of heat transfer fluids, enhancing their thermal stability and efficiency in various industrial processes.
In the field of paper and pulp production, morpholine is applied as a corrosion inhibitor to protect equipment from acidic substances.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as a key ingredient in the formulation of cutting fluids used in metalworking processes to improve lubrication and cooling.

Morpholine is employed in the manufacturing of color developers for thermal paper, contributing to the development of images.
In the construction industry, morpholine is used as an additive in cement and concrete formulations to improve workability and reduce water demand.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application in the synthesis of optical brighteners used in laundry detergents and textile processing.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used in the development of certain photography chemicals, contributing to the production of photographic emulsions.
In the production of batteries, morpholine is applied as a stabilizer for electrolytes, enhancing the overall performance of the battery.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) acts as a neutralizing agent in the production of polyurethane foams, aiding in the control of acidity during the manufacturing process.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in gas scrubbing systems to remove acidic impurities, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used as a corrosion inhibitor in liquid formulations for metal cleaning and pickling processes.
In the textile and dyeing industry, morpholine functions as a dye leveling agent, ensuring uniform coloration of fabrics.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is applied in the synthesis of herbicides and fungicides used in crop protection and agriculture.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as a processing aid in the production of plastics, improving the flow characteristics during molding and extrusion processes.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the formulation of inkjet printing inks to enhance stability and performance.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the development of coolant formulations for heat transfer systems in industrial equipment.

In the manufacturing of rubber and latex products, morpholine is used to control pH and prevent coagulation during processing.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) plays a role in the production of specialty chemicals used in the leather industry for tanning processes.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is applied in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, contributing to the creation of various therapeutic agents.

In the petrochemical industry, it is used as an additive in certain refinery processes to improve product quality.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application in the production of plasticizers, enhancing the flexibility of plastics.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the synthesis of corrosion-resistant coatings for metals and alloys.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the manufacturing of water-based paints and coatings for improved dispersion and stability.
In the formulation of household cleaning products, it functions as a stabilizing agent for certain formulations.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is applied in the development of specialty chemicals used in the electronics industry for semiconductor manufacturing.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the production of fuel additives, contributing to the stability and performance of fuels.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) plays a role in the formulation of metalworking fluids, enhancing lubrication and cooling during machining processes.
In the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, morpholine is used as a building block for the creation of diverse drug compounds.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as a corrosion inhibitor in the treatment of industrial water systems, preventing metal degradation.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the development of specialty chemicals for use in the electronics industry, including semiconductor fabrication.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application in the synthesis of herbicides and plant growth regulators for agricultural purposes.
In the rubber industry, it is used in the production of rubber accelerators to enhance the curing process.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is applied in the formulation of brake fluids, ensuring the stability and performance of automotive braking systems.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) plays a role in the synthesis of optical brighteners, enhancing the whiteness and brightness of textiles.

In the creation of dyestuffs, morpholine is used to improve the solubility and color characteristics of dyes.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the formulation of metal cleaning agents, enhancing the efficiency of cleaning processes.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used in the production of adhesives and sealants to improve the performance and stability of the final products.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as a neutralizing agent in the manufacturing of polyurethane foams, contributing to their properties.

In the paper and pulp industry, it is applied as a corrosion inhibitor to protect equipment from acidic conditions.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the synthesis of color developers for thermal imaging and printing applications.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) finds application in the production of pharmaceutical intermediates, aiding in the efficient synthesis of medicines.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used in the formulation of inkjet inks to improve the stability and performance of printing.

In the oil and gas industry, it is employed in gas sweetening processes to remove sulfur compounds from natural gas.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) serves as a processing aid in the manufacturing of plastics, improving their molding characteristics.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the formulation of hydraulic fluids to enhance the stability and performance of the fluids.

Morpholine finds application in the production of coolant formulations for industrial heat transfer systems.
In the textile industry, it functions as a leveling agent in dyeing processes to ensure uniform coloration.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is applied in the formulation of cutting fluids for metalworking, improving lubrication and cooling.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) plays a role in the development of specialty polymers, contributing to their unique properties.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is employed in the synthesis of battery electrolytes, acting as a stabilizer for improved battery performance.



DESCRIPTION


Morpholine is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C4H9NO.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a cyclic amine that contains both oxygen and nitrogen in its five-membered ring structure
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a heterocyclic organic compound with a distinctive five-membered ring structure.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) has a faint, amine-like odor and is highly miscible with water.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) exhibits unique chemical properties due to the presence of both oxygen and nitrogen in its ring.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is commonly used as a solvent for various chemicals, owing to its excellent solubility.
With a molecular formula of C4H9NO, morpholine consists of four carbon atoms, nine hydrogen atoms, one nitrogen atom, and one oxygen atom.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is known for its versatile applications, ranging from industrial processes to pharmaceutical synthesis.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is often used as a corrosion inhibitor in cooling systems to protect metals from degradation.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is utilized in the production of certain drugs, acting as a crucial intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

As a cyclic amine, morpholine imparts specific properties to the substances it is incorporated into.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a clear liquid that can be easily handled and transported in laboratory and industrial settings.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is widely employed as a stabilizing agent in the production of various chemical and polymer products.

Due to its heterocyclic nature, morpholine has a role in enhancing the reactivity of certain chemical reactions.
Its ability to form complexes with metals makes morpholine valuable in coordination chemistry.
In addition to its chemical applications, morpholine finds use in the agricultural sector for pest control.

The amine-like odor of morpholine is distinctive but generally faint, making it tolerable in controlled environments.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is a key component in the synthesis of certain rubber accelerators used in the rubber industry.

Morpholine (C4H9NO)'s miscibility with water makes it suitable for formulations where water solubility is crucial.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is used in the production of surfactants, enhancing the properties of cleaning and detergent products.

Its ring structure contributes to the stabilization of reaction intermediates in various chemical processes.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) has a boiling point of approximately 129 degrees Celsius, making it suitable for various industrial applications.

Morpholine (C4H9NO) is often handled with appropriate safety measures due to its potential health and safety considerations.
Morpholine (C4H9NO)'s use in cooling systems helps prevent corrosion, scaling, and the growth of microorganisms.
Morpholine (C4H9NO) is crucial to follow proper storage and handling protocols for morpholine to ensure its stability and purity.

The versatile nature of morpholine makes it a valuable component in the synthesis of diverse chemical compounds.
Morpholine (C4H9NO)'s significance extends across multiple industries, showcasing its adaptability and utility in various applications.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C4H9NO
Molecular Weight: 87.12 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Faint, amine-like odor
Melting Point: -3.6 °C (25.5 °F)
Boiling Point: 128.9 °C (264.02 °F)
Density: 0.999 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and miscible with many organic solvents
pH (1% solution): Approximately 7 (neutral)
Refractive Index: 1.453
Flash Point: 34 °C (93.2 °F)
Autoignition Temperature: Not readily available
Vapor Pressure: 1.2 mmHg at 20 °C
Viscosity: 1.084 mPa·s at 20 °C
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Corrosivity: Mildly corrosive to metals under certain conditions
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air
Ionization Constant (pKa): 8.41
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Boiling Range: Approximately 127-130 °C
Vapor Density: 3 (Air = 1)
Partition Coefficient (Log P): -0.67
Critical Temperature: Not readily available
Critical Pressure: Not readily available



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air.
Allow for rest and keep the individual in a comfortable position.
Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists or if symptoms worsen.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing.
Wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or other symptoms develop.


Eye Contact:

In case of contact with eyes, flush eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there is any evidence of injury.


Ingestion:

If morpholine is accidentally ingested, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly and drink plenty of water.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.


General Advice:

If someone shows signs of irritation or an allergic reaction after exposure to morpholine, remove the person from the source of exposure.
Provide comfort and reassurance.
If symptoms persist or if there is uncertainty about the exposure, seek medical advice promptly.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or if exposure limits are exceeded.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area, or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact and inhalation of vapors.
Use appropriate handling equipment and tools to minimize direct contact with the chemical.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling morpholine.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical.

Preventive Measures:
Implement good industrial hygiene practices to minimize the risk of exposure.
Provide eye wash stations and safety showers in areas where the substance is handled.


Storage Conditions:

Storage Location:
Store morpholine in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.

Temperature Control:
Keep the storage temperature within the specified range provided by the manufacturer.

Container Type:
Use containers made of materials compatible with morpholine. Consult the SDS for guidance.

Protection from Elements:
Protect the substance from direct sunlight and sources of heat.

Separation from Incompatibles:
Store morpholine away from incompatible substances.
Check the SDS for information on substances that should be avoided.

Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities, use appropriate storage facilities with containment measures to prevent spills and leaks.

Labeling:
Ensure that storage containers are clearly labeled with the product name, hazard symbols, and other relevant information.

Security Measures:
Implement appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the storage area.

DESCRIPTION:

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) appears as a colorless liquid with a fishlike odor.
Flash point of Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is 100 °F.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is Corrosive to tissue.

CAS number :110-91-8
EC number 203-815-1
Hill Formula : C₄H₉NO
Molar Mass: 87.12 g/mol


SYNONYMS OF MORPHOLINE (CAS NO: 110-91-8):
1,4-oxazine,tetrahydro-;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;BASF 238;basf238;Diethylenimide oxide;diethylenimideoxide;tetrahydro-4h-4-oxazine,Morpholine;Diethylene imidoxide;Diethylene oximide;Diethylenimide oxide;p-Isoxazine,tetrahydro-;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;2H-1,4-Oxazine,tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine,tetrahydro-;Tetrahydro-p-oxazine;Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;BASF 238;Drewamine;NSC 9376;88542-81-8;96122-95-1;99108-56-2;147366-31-2;854893-20-2;1357848-50-0,morpholine,morpholine hydrochloride,morpholine hydroiodide,morpholine phosphate,morpholine phosphate (3:1),morpholine phosphonate (1:1),morpholine sulfite (1:1),MORPHOLINE,110-91-8,1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane,Diethylene oximide,Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine,Diethylenimide oxide,Diethyleneimide oxide,Diethylene imidoxide,Drewamine,Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine,Tetrahydro-p-oxazine,p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-,morpholin,Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine,BASF 238,Caswell No. 584,138048-80-3,2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-,4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-,NSC 9376,Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine,CCRIS 2482,HSDB 102,EINECS 203-815-1,UNII-8B2ZCK305O,EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701,BRN 0102549,8B2ZCK305O,DTXSID2025688,CHEBI:34856,AI3-01231,NSC-9376,MFCD00005972,C4H9NO,Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine,DTXCID305688,EC 203-815-1,4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference),MORPHOLINE (IARC),MORPHOLINE [IARC],tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine,1,4-oxazinane,CAS-110-91-8,MORPHOLINE,REAG,MORPHOLINE, PRACT,UN2054,morphline,Morpholine; Molsidomine Imp. E (EP); Molsidomine Impurity E,morpho line,morpholine-,6LR,Morpholine (BASF),4H-1, tetrahydro-,MORPHOLINE [MI],Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid],MORPHOLINE [FCC],DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE,MORPHOLINE [HSDB],Morpholine on Rasta Resin,WLN: T6M DOTJ,NCIMech_000154,Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine,NCIOpen2_007748,Oprea1_317540,Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine,Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine,61791-40-0,BIDD:ER0297,Morpholine, analytical standard,CHEMBL276518,NSC9376,AMY22834,BCP24054,STR00194,Tox21_202450,Tox21_303240,STL182843,TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE,AKOS000118829,Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%,Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%,DB13669,NA 2054,UN 2054,USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701,NCGC00249227-01,NCGC00256942-01,NCGC00259999-01,Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%,DB-030063,Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid],M0465,NS00010190,EN300-18064,Morpholine purified by distillation from glass,Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%,Q410243,1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine,J-522715,1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane ; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine,F2190-0339,InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H,ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading,StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is Less dense than water and soluble in water.
Vapors of Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is heavier than air.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.


Morpholine is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) has a role as a NMR chemical shift reference compound.

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.





Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.
For example, treating Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.


Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is used as an important building block mainly in
• rubber
• optical brighteners
• pharma
• agro industry
• solvent for the fibre industry
• other applications of Morpholine include, inter alia, water treatment



Morpholine (CAS: 110-91-8) is an organic chemical compound.
Its secondary amine function gives it the properties of a base.
This molecule is often produced industrially by the dehydration of diethanolamine (DEA) with sulfuric acid.

Morpholine ( CAS: 110-91-8) is a common pH adjustment additive, both in fossil fuels and in the steam systems of nuclear power plants, where it is employed to provide protection against corrosion

Morpholine (CAS: 110-91-8) is widely used in organic synthesis.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is used, for example, in the preparation of the antibiotic Linezolid, the anticancer agent Gefinitib (Iressa) or the analgesic Dextromoramide (Palfium).


Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for adjusting pH in fossil fuel and nuclear steam installations.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) can be soluble in water of any volume.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is soluble in organic solvents like aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohol, ketone, ether and other organic solvents.

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is slightly soluble in mineral oil and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) has slight toxicity.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) reacts with inorganic acid to generate salt, with organic acids to produce salt or acrylamide.

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) can take alkylation reaction and Willgerodt reaction.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) can also react with epoxyethane and ketone and take Willgerodt reaction.


Morpholine is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of heteromonocyclic organic compounds.
Its chemical formula is C4H9NO and its CAS number is 110-91-8.
Morpholine is also known by several synonyms, including diethylene imidoxide, tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine, and N-methyl-1,4-oxazinanamine.


The appearance of morpholine is that of a clear, colorless liquid with a slight amine odor.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is very soluble in water and ethanol and insoluble in ether.
The melting point of morpholine is -4 degrees and its boiling point is 129 degrees.

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is widely used in various industries and is known for its unique properties.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is mainly used as a solvent, especially for dyes, resins, waxes and oils.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is also used as a corrosion inhibitor for metal surfaces, as a rubber accelerator and as a catalyst in the production of rubber, plastics and pharmaceuticals.

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is commercially available in bottles or drums.
Its transportation and storage must be handled with care and in accordance with industry regulations.
Its manufacturing procedures involve the reaction of diethylene glycol with ammonia at high temperatures and pressures.

In conclusion, morpholine is a very useful chemical with a wide range of applications in various industries.
Its unique properties make it an essential component in the manufacturing processes of several products.
Although it is important to handle and transport it safely, the positive impact of morpholine in various industries should not be overlooked




APPLICATIONS OF MORPHOLINE (CAS NO: 110-91-8):

Morpholine is mainly used to make rubber accelerator (such as NOBS, OTOS and MDS), sulfurizing agent (such as DT-DM), cleaner, descaler, rust remover, anti-burning agent, antiseptic, surfactant, textile printing and dyeing agent, optical brightener, chemical bath, antioxidant, hydrolyzing agent, initiator, developer, fruit preservative, deodorizer, brightener and organic solvents.

Its applications are very wide.
Its application in fields such as medicine, pesticide, veterinary medicine, petroleum and coke aromatic hydrocarbon extraction have been continuously developed and applied.
Abroad, a large part of morpholine is used for anti-rust, descaling and cleaning of metals, especially for anti-rust and anti-corrosion under high temperature conditions.

In boiler maintenance areas, morpholine amount is also used as a descaling agent.
Due to its unique chemical characters, morpholine has become one of the most important fine petroleum chemicals and its applications are very wide.

Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is Used in the production of various drugs such as rubber accelerators, synthetic virazole, ibuprofen, and ketamine.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) is also widely used in paints, pesticides, whitening agents, solvents, and other fields.
Morpholine (CAS NO: 110-91-8) can also be used to manufacture various intermediates such as N-methylmorpholine and N-ethylmorpholine










CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MORPHOLINE (CAS NO: 110-91-8):
CAS number 110-91-8
EC index number 613-028-00-9
EC number 203-815-1
Hill Formula C₄H₉NO
Molar Mass 87.12 g/mol
HS Code 2934 99 11
Boiling point 129 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 1.000 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 1.4 - 15.2 %(V)
Flash point 32 °C
Ignition temperature 275 °C
Melting Point -7 - -5 °C
pH value 10.6 (5 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C) (undiluted)
Vapor pressure 9.33 hPa (20 °C)
Viscosity kinematic 2.2 mm2/s (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.999 - 1.001
Water (K. F.) ≤ 0.30 %
Identity (IR) passes test
vapor pressure
11 hPa ( 20 °C)
Quality Level
200
Assay
≥99.0% (GC)
form
liquid
autoignition temp.
275 °C
potency
1900 mg/kg LD50, oral (Rat)
500 mg/kg LD50, skin (Rabbit)

expl. lim.
1.4-15.2 % (v/v)
pH
11 ( in H2O, undiluted)
kinematic viscosity
2.2 cSt(20 °C)
bp
129 °C/1013 hPa
mp
-5 °C
transition temp
flash point 32 °C
density
1.00 g/cm3 at 20 °C
storage temp.
2-30°C
InChI
1S/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H2
InChI key
YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight
87.12 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3
-0.9
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
0
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
87.068413911 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
87.068413911 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
21.3Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
6
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
34.5
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes

Morpholine

99.5% min

Boiling range

0℃,101.33KPa

5ml

126-130℃

95ml

Color Hazen (Pt-Co)

15 max
Moisture: 0.15% max
Density p20，g/cm3: 0.999-1.002
Impurity : 0.05% max
Melting point -7--5 °C (lit.)
Boiling point 126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
density 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure 31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
refractive index n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Fp 96 °F
storage temp. Store below +30°C.
solubility water: miscible
form Liquid
pka 8.33(at 25℃)
color APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity 0.996
PH 11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
Odor Characteristic amine-like odor
explosive limit 1.4-15.2%(V)
Water Solubility MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint -4.9℃
Sensitive Hygroscopic
Merck 14,6277
BRN 102549
Exposure limits TLV-TWA 20 ppm (～70 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL skin 30 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 8000 ppm.
Dielectric constant 7.3（25℃）
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP -0.860
CAS DataBase Reference 110-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC 3 (Vol. 47, 71) 1999
NIST Chemistry Reference Morpholine(110-91-8)
EPA Substance Registry System Morpholine (110-91-8)
PSA：
21.26000
XLogP3：
-1.08
Appearance：
APHA: ≤15 Liquid
Density：
1.0007 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point：
-4.9 °C
Boiling Point：
128.9 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Flash Point：
96 °F
Refractive Index：
1.415
Water Solubility：
Micible with water.
Storage Conditions：
Store at R.T.
Vapor Pressure：
31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
Vapor Density：
3 (vs air)
Toxicity：
Oral-rat LD50: 1050 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 525 mg/kg
Flammability characteristics：
Flammable; burning produces toxic chloride gas
Explosive limit：
1.4-15.2%(V)
Odor：
Characteristic amine
PH：
Strong base
Appearance Light yellow to yellow liquid
Purity 98%(Min,GC)
Moisture 0.5%Max.
Melting Point −7-−5 ºC(lit.)
Boiling Point 129 ºC(lit.)
Flash Point 96 ºF
Application Intermediate in organicc synethese
Production Scale Up to kgs







SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT MORPHOLINE (CAS NO: 110-91-8)
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Morpholine technical grade is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid free of suspended matter.
Morpholine technical gradeis fully miscible with water and almost all common organic solvents, and slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.


CAS Number: 110-91-8
EC Number: 203-815-1
MDL Number: MFCD00005972
Molecular Formula: C4H9NO


Morpholine technical grade is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid free of suspended matter.
Morpholine technical gradeis fully miscible with water and almost all common organic solvents, and slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Morpholine technical grade, also known as Diethylenimide Oxide, is an organic chemical compound used in organic synthesis.


Morpholine technical grade is an extremely versatile chemical with many important applications.
Morpholine technical grade appears as a colorless liquid with a fishlike odor.
Flash point of Morpholine technical grade is 100 °F.


Morpholine technical grade is less dense than water and soluble in water.
Morpholine technical-grade's vapors are heavier than air.
Morpholine technical grade is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the Morpholine technical grade family.


Morpholine technical grade is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine technical grade is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Morpholine technical grade is one of the extremely versatile compounds broadly as a boiler corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.


Morpholine technical grade is an organic amine used as boiler corrosion inhibitor.
Morpholine technical grade finds a variety of uses such as manufacturing of rubber accelerators, curing agents, cleaning agents, anti-rust agents, and surface-active agents.


Morpholine technical grade contains both amine and ether groups, used in a wide range of applications.
The amine group makes its base, Morpholine technical grade's conjugate acid is called morpholinium, which appears as a colourless liquid with a fishlike smell.


In boiler water treatment, Morpholine technical grade helps increase the pH of boiler feed water to protect the boiler against corrosion.
Morpholine technical grade acts as a base due to the presence of amine and its conjugate acid is known as morpholinium.
One gets the salt morpholinium chloride, if Morpholine technical grade is neutralized by hydrochloric acid.


Morpholine technical grade is an organic amine used as boiler corrosion inhibitor.
Morpholine technical grade acts as a base due to the presence of amine and its conjugate acid is known as morpholinium.
One gets the salt morpholinium chloride, if Morpholine technical grade is neutralized by hydrochloric acid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
Morpholine technical grade is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners.
Morpholine technical grade is also used extensively as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.
Morpholine technical grade is also used as organic synthetic building block and a laboratory solvent.


Morpholine technical grade is used a corrosion inhibitor, especially in steam boiler systems, an emulsifier for cosmetics, rubless waxes, and polishes, a separating agent for volatile amines, an intermediate in the manufacture of optical brighteners, an intermediate for textile lubricants, softening agents, adjuvants, whitening agents, sizing emulsifiers, rubber vulcanization accelerators, antioxidants, surface-active agents, plasticizers, viscosity improvers, insecticides, fumigants, herbicides, dyes, catalysts, bactericides, analgesics, anesthetics, and other physiologically active agents.


Morpholine technical grade is generally used as a chemical intermediate in corrosion inhibitors for steam boiler systems, but also has uses in pharmaceuticals, textiles, rubbers, catalysts, plasticizers, dyes, and agricultural and photographic chemicals.
Morpholine technical grade, Reagent, ACS is used as an industrial pH modifier and corrosion inhibitor.


As an ACS grade quality reagent, Morpholine technical grade's chemical specifications are the de facto standards for chemicals used in many high-purity applications and typically designate the highest quality chemical available for laboratory use.
Spectrum Chemical manufactured Reagent Morpholine technical grade products meet the toughest regulatory standards for quality and purity.


Colorless Liquid Morpholine technical grade Chemical has extensive application in water treatment plants.
This hygroscopic liquid chemical, Morpholine technical grade, easily dilutes in water and most of organic solvents.
But Morpholine technical grade does not dissolve in alkaline liquid content.


This organic chemical compound, Morpholine technical grade, has a distinctive smell that resembles the odor of ammonia.
Morpholine technical grade has a broad scope of applications.
Morpholine technical grade serves as an effective antioxidant, a chemical intermediate, gloss, and wax emulsifier in different industries.


Morpholine technical grade also serves as a polymerization prevention factor and as a paper preservative.
Morpholine technical grade is accessible in pure form.
Morpholine technical grade is used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents.


Morpholine technical grade is an organic compound with amine and other functional groups that are used in the manufacture of rubber accelerators, curing agents, cleaning agents, anti-rust agents, and Surface-active agents.
Morpholine technical grade helps to increase the pH of boiler water to protect the boiler against corrosion.


Morpholine technical grade is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners.
Morpholine technical grade has also been used as a gelling agent in the preparation of alumina catalysts for the treatment of hydrocarbons.
Morpholine technical grade is available in the form of colorless liquid.


The key benefit of using Morpholine technical grade is that it can be used in all types, sizes, and pressure of boilers.
Morpholine technical grade, also called 1,4-oxyazocyclohexane, is a colorless, oily liquid with ammonia flavor at room temperature, which can be used as analytical reagent and resin, wax and shellac solvents.


Morpholine technical grade has characteristics of ether and amine compounds because the heterocyclic ring contains nitrogen and oxygen.
Compared to Morpholine technical grade, the oxygen in the N-heterocyclic ring is replaced by sulfur in the structure of thiomorphline.
Thiomorphline is often used as an important structural fragment in the design of new drugs due to its good biological activity.


The secondary amine groups of Morpholine technical grade and thiomorphline can react with ketone, ester and nitrile to form 1, 4-additive compound by Michael reaction.
The most important reaction of Morpholine technical grade and thiomorphline is the substitution reaction of secondary amine atoms with alcohols, compounds and complexes of acids.


Under the atmosphere of H2, Morpholine technical grade can react with primary or secondary alcohols to form a series of compound molasses derivatives with high conversion rate.
Morpholine technical grade and dihydric alcohol are able to produce morpholine alcohols and dimorpholine derivatives, which are also able to react with acids to obtain a series of ester drugs.


Morpholine technical grade is used as boiler inhibitor intermediate available in the form of a colourless liquid.
Morpholine technical grade is an additive used in PPM concentrations, pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems
Having the same volatility as water, Morpholine technical grade is used as concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases


Morpholine technical grade's pH adjusting qualities are distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.
Morpholine technical grade finds a variety of uses such as manufacturing of rubber accelerators, curing agents, cleaning agents, anti-rust agents, and surface-active agents.


Morpholine technical grade contains both amine and ether groups, used in a wide range of applications.
The amine group makes its base, Morpholine technical grade's conjugate acid is called morpholinium, which appears as a colourless liquid with a fishlike smell.


In boiler water treatment, Morpholine technical grade helps increase the pH of boiler feed water to protect the boiler against corrosion.
Morpholine technical grade is used as boiler inhibitor intermediate available in the form of a colourless liquid.
Morpholine technical grade's pH adjusting qualities are distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.


Morpholine technical grade is an additive used in PPM concentrations, pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems
Having the same volatility as water, Morpholine technical grade is used as concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.


-Antioxidants and Stabilizers:
The complex formed by morpholine and ascorbic acid is served as a synergistic antioxidant for lipid.
N,N-Thiodimorpholine and N-tert-butyl morpholine can be used as antioxidants in lubricating oils.
The Morpholine technical grade salt of gallnut acid is a stabilizer of carotene and vitamin A and an antioxidant of glycerin.


-Rubber additives:
The major application of thiomorpholine derivatives is the production of rubber additives, in which 4, 4-dithiodimorpholine (DTDM) can be used as a vulcanization agent, and OTOS is also a typical kind of vulcanization promoter.


-Medicine:
In terms of medicine, Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be used as analgesics, local anesthetics, antispasmodic and other drugs.
Fominoben is a new antitussive agent.
Clinically, Morphocycline is used for the treatment of various serious infections caused by tetracycline-sensitive bacteria, and also for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
In addition, bimolane is involved with the treatment of psoriasis.


-Anti-scaling Agent uses of Morpholine technical grade:
Morpholine technical grade is widely used as corrosion inhibitor and scale inhibitor for steam boiler, and N-tert-butyl morpholine and morpholine sulfonate has a good corrosion resistance to oil storage tank and pipeline equipment.


-Anti-scorching Agent uses of Morpholine technical grade:
Morpholine technical grade produced by the condensation of morpholine subsulfonyl chloride and phthalimide is a kind of effective anticoke agent, which is a new product developed abroad in recent years.


-Metal Corrosion Inhibitor uses of Morpholine technical grade:
Some Morpholine technical grade derivatives are regard as anti-rust agents for metal products to prevent metal from being corroded by the atmosphere and have been widely used in the fields of mechanical vehicles, instruments and medical instruments, etc.
Morpholine technical grade has the advantage of low toxicity as a metal corrosion inhibitor and has a good development prospect.



HOW DOES MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE WORK?
Boilers are usually used in various industrial companies for their steam production capability.
Ensure that such boiler systems are correctly going on and they work at optimum efficiency.
To ensure an efficient process and quality steam creation capacity of the boiler system, the correct water condition must be maintained at all times.

Heat exchange, steam protection, and corrosion protection are all necessary for boiler water treatment.
The efficiency of any boiler depends upon Morpholine technical grade's capability of heat transfer.
In a boiler system, all the contact surfaces between the fireside and steam side are made up of metals or metal combinators as metals are good conductors of heat.

A large number of components can be dissolved in water as water is known as a universal solvent.
Now the water used here is mostly untreated such as river water, tap water, municipal bores, etc. which has dissolved oxygen.
Morpholine technical grade reacts with metal and forms metal oxide.

These oxides can occur in corrosive reactions and can degrade the metallic property of the boiler system.
Morpholine technical grade can be accomplished by dosing selected chemicals for boiler water treatment into the feed water.

The appropriate Boiler system will assist with keeping away from higher repair costs, poor quality of steam, and expensive maintenance fees because of scaling, consumption, and fouling of the heater and downstream apparatus.
Continuous accumulation of salts and when Morpholine technical grade exceeds the solvency results in the formation of scales.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
Liquid Morpholine Chemical Properties:
Morpholine technical grade is transparent and colorless, and it smells strongly of amines.
Due to its high water solubility, Morpholine technical grade may be used in a variety of watery applications.

The superior buffering capabilities of liquid morphine make Morpholine technical grade valuable for regulating pH and stabilizing solutions.
Various organic compounds, including medicines and agrochemicals, are often produced using Morpholine technical grade as a catalyst.
In industrial operations, Morpholine technical grade works as a corrosion inhibitor to prevent rust and metal deterioration.

Morpholine technical grade has good thermal stability as a result of its distinctive chemical structure, making it suited for high-temperature applications.
Due to its capacity to dissolve a variety of substances, Morpholine technical grade is also used as a solvent in the formation of coatings, dyes, and pigments.



WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF USING MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE AS A BOILER CORROSION INHIBITOR?
BENEFITS OF USING OF MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
*Prevents corrosion due to stress cracking
*Does not contribute to TDS
*Reduces blow-down requirement
*Compatible with other boiler water treatment chemicals
*Returns to the feed line with the condensate return raising the feed water pH
*Should Use Morpholine for Your Boilers



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
CAS No.: 110-91-8
Molecular Weight: 87.12
EC No.: 203-815-1
Melting Point -5 °C
Boiling Point 128.9±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point 35.6±0.0 °C
Molecular Formula C4H9NO
Molecular Weight 87.120
Density 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Grade: Technical
Form: Liquid
Appearance: liquid
Auto Ignition Temperature: 255 °C (491 °F)
Boiling Point: 128 - 130 °C (262 - 266 °F)

Color: yellow, Clear, Colorless
Density: 1 g/cm3 @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Dynamic Viscosity: 2.23 mPa.s @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Flash Point: 32 °C (90 °F)
Lower Explosion Limit: 1.4 - 1.8 %(V)
Odor: ammoniacal
Partition Coefficient: Pow: 25 °C (77 °F)
log Pow: -2.55 @ 25 °C (77 °F)
pH: 10.1 - 11 @ 20 - 25 °C (68 - 77 °F)
Relative Density: 1.0007 @ 20 °C (68 °F) Reference Material: (water = 1)
Relative Vapor Density: 3 @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Solubility in Other Solvents: completely miscible
Solubility in Water: completely miscible
Upper Explosion Limit: 11.2 - 15.2 %(V)

Vapor Pressure: 7.5 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 128.9±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: -5 °C
Molecular Formula: C4H9NO
Molecular Weight: 87.120
Flash Point: 35.6±0.0 °C
Exact Mass: 87.068413
PSA: 21.26000
LogP: -1.08
Vapour density: 3 (vs air)
Vapour Pressure: 10.4±0.2 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.415
Storage condition: Store at R.T.
Stability: Stable.
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
Freezing Point: -4.9℃

Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C4H9NO = 87.12
Physical State (20 deg.C): Liquid
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Condition to Avoid: Air Sensitive
CAS RN: 110-91-8
Reaxys Registry Number: 102549
PubChem Substance ID: 87572517
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 1330
Merck Index (14): 6277
MDL Number: MFCD00005972
Molecular Weight: 87.12 g/mol
XLogP3: -0.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2

Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 87.068413911 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 21.3Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 34.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



FIRST AID MEASURES of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
-After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
-After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing:
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
-Control parameters:
*Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Viton
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 60 min
*Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of MORPHOLINE TECHNICAL GRADE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).



SYNONYMS:
1,4-Oxazinan
EINECS 203-815-1
Morpholine
MORPHOLINE,ACS
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
BASF 238
Drewamine
MORPHOLIN
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
dihydro-1,4-oxazine
perhydro-1,4-oxazine
MFCD00005972
4-morpholin-4-ylsulfonyl benzenesulfonyl chloride
4-morpholine-4-sulfonyl benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride
4-morpholinosulfonyl benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride
4-morpholine-4-sulfonyl benzenesulfonyl chloride
4-morpholine-4-sulfonyl-benzenesulfonyl chloride
4-morpholine-4-sulfonyl phenylsulfonyl chloride
4-morpholine-4-sulfonyl-benzenesulfonylchloride
Diethylene imidoxide
Diethylene oximide
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine.
MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Diethylene oximide
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylenimide oxide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
morpholin
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
BASF 238
Caswell No. 584
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
138048-80-3
NSC 9376
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
CCRIS 2482
HSDB 102
EINECS 203-815-1
UNII-8B2ZCK305O
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701
BRN 0102549
8B2ZCK305O
DTXSID2025688
CHEBI:34856
AI3-01231
NSC-9376
MFCD00005972
C4H9NO
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
DTXCID305688
EC 203-815-1
4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MORPHOLINE (IARC)
MORPHOLINE [IARC]
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine
1,4-oxazinane
CAS-110-91-8
MORPHOLINE,REAG
MORPHOLINE, PRACT
UN2054
morphline
Morpholine
Molsidomine Imp. E (EP)
Molsidomine Impurity E
morpho line
morpholine-
6LR
Morpholine (BASF)
4H-1, tetrahydro-
MORPHOLINE [MI]
Morpholine [UN2054]
MORPHOLINE [FCC]
DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE
MORPHOLINE [HSDB]
MORPHOLINE [INCI]
Morpholine on Rasta Resin
WLN: T6M DOTJ
NCIMech_000154
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
NCIOpen2_007748
Oprea1_317540
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
BIDD:ER0297
Morpholine, analytical standard
CHEMBL276518
NSC9376
AMY22834
BCP24054
STR00194
Tox21_202450
Tox21_303240
TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE
AKOS000118829
Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
DB13669
NA 2054
UN 2054
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701
NCGC00249227-01
NCGC00256942-01
NCGC00259999-01
Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
Morpholine [UN2054]
FT-0628993
M0465
EN300-18064
Morpholine purified by distillation from glass
Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%
Q410243
J-522715
F2190-0339
InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H

Morpholine technical grade is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.
Because of the amine, Morpholine technical grade is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.

CAS: 110-91-8
MF: C4H9NO
MW: 87.12
EINECS: 203-815-1

Synonyms
1,4-Oxazinan;1,4-oxazine,tetrahydro-;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;BASF 238;basf238;Diethylenimide oxide;diethylenimideoxide;MORPHOLINE;110-91-8;1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane;Diethylene oximide;Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine;Diethylenimide oxide;Diethyleneimide oxide;Diethylene imidoxide;Drewamine;Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-p-oxazine;p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-;morpholin;Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine;BASF 238;Caswell No. 584;2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-;138048-80-3;NSC 9376;Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine;CCRIS 2482;HSDB 102;EINECS 203-815-1;UNII-8B2ZCK305O
;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701;BRN 0102549;8B2ZCK305O;DTXSID2025688;CHEBI:34856;AI3-01231;NSC-9376;MFCD00005972;C4H9NO;Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine;DTXCID305688;EC 203-815-1;4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);MORPHOLINE (IARC);MORPHOLINE [IARC];MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8;tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine;1,4-oxazinane;CAS-110-91-8;MORPHOLINE,REAG;MORPHOLINE, PRACT;UN2054;morphline;Morpholine; Molsidomine Imp. E (EP); Molsidomine Impurity E;morpho line;morpholine-;6LR;Morpholine (BASF);4H-1, tetrahydro-;MORPHOLINE [MI];Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid];MORPHOLINE [FCC];DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE;MORPHOLINE [HSDB];MORPHOLINE [INCI];Morpholine on Rasta Resin;WLN: T6M DOTJ;NCIMech_000154;Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine;NCIOpen2_007748;Oprea1_317540;Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine;Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine;61791-40-0;BIDD:ER0297;Morpholine, analytical standard;CHEMBL276518;NSC9376;AMY22834;BCP24054;STR00194;Tox21_202450;Tox21_303240;TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE;AKOS000118829;Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%;Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%;DB13669;NA 2054;UN 2054;USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701;NCGC00249227-01;NCGC00256942-01;NCGC00259999-01;Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%;Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid];FT-0628993;M0465;NS00010190;EN300-18064;Morpholine purified by distillation from glass;Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%;Q410243;J-522715;F2190-0339;InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H;ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading;StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked

For example, treating Morpholine technical grade with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Morpholine technical grade is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.
The naming of Morpholine technical grade is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
Morpholine technical grade, also known as 1, 4-oxazepine and diethylenimine oxide, is a kind of colorless alkaline oily liquid.
Morpholine technical grade smells of ammonia and has hygroscopicity.
Morpholine could evaporate with water vapor and miscible with water.
Morpholine technical grade is Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents.
Morpholine technical grade could form an explosive mixture with air and the explosion limit is 1.8% to 15.2% (volume fraction).

Morpholine technical grade is a secondary amine, and at the same time it has the property of inorganic acid and organic acid, so that it can generate salt and amide.
Morpholine technical grade contains secondary amine groups and it has all the typical reaction characteristics of the secondary amine groups.
Morpholine technical grade can react with inorganic acid to form a salt, and also can react with organic acid to form salt or amide.
Morpholine technical grade can carry out alkylation reactions and it also carry out ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.
Because of the unique chemical properties of morpholine, Morpholine technical grade has become one of the important petrochemical products with important commercial application.
Morpholine technical grade can be applied to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as NOBS, DTOS and MDS.
And Morpholine technical grade is also applied to produce anti-corrosives, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, detergents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleach, fruit preservatives, and textile dyeing auxiliaries.

Morpholine technical grade also has a wide range of applications in the field of rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries.
In medication Morpholine technical grade could be applied in the production of morpholine guanidine, virus Ling, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and other important drugs.
The two main production method of Morpholine technical grade are DEA method (diethanolamine method) and DEA method (diethylene glycol method)
Morpholine technical grade is noteworthy that new polymer monomer acrylic morpholine has obtained a rapid development in recent years.
Acrylic acid Morpholine technical grade could be produced from the reaction between acrylic acid and morpholine.
And acrylic acid Morpholine technical grade is a kind of water-soluble monomer, and it is still water-soluble after the polymerization.
So Morpholine technical grade could be applied for the modification of aqueous polymers.

Besides, Morpholine technical grade is widely used as a reactive diluent for UV curable resins.
With the deepening of applied research, many new specific uses have been developed and Morpholine technical grade becomes polymer monomer with rapid development.
Morpholine technical grade is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Morpholine technical grade is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.
Morpholine technical grade is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Morpholine is incredibly common but a surprisingly little-known substance.
Morpholine technical grade has applications as diverse as cleaning, rubber production, construction, heating and cooling, personal care, agriculture, and so much more.

Morpholine technical grade Chemical Properties
Melting point: -7--5 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 3 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Fp: 96 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility water: miscible
Form: Liquid
pka: 8.33(at 25℃)
Color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 0.996
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
PH: 11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
Explosive limit: 1.4-15.2%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint: -4.9℃
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,6277
BRN: 102549
Dielectric constant: 7.3（25℃）
Exposure limits TLV-TWA 20 ppm (～70 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); STEL skin 30 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 8000 ppm.
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey: YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.860
CAS DataBase Reference: 110-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Morpholine(110-91-8)
IARC: 3 (Vol. 47, 71) 1999
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine technical grade (110-91-8)

Morpholine technical grade is colorless water-absorbing oily liquid and it smells ammonia.
Morpholine technical grade is soluble in water and methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether, ethylene glycol and other commonly used solvents.
Morpholine technical grade is a colorless to yellow liquid with a weak ammonia or fish-like odor.
The odor threshold is 0.01 ppm.
The reactivity of Morpholine technical grade is mainly due to its secondary amine group.
Morpholine technical grade readily undergoes organic condensations, alkylations, and arylations, resulting in the formation of various N-substituted morpholine compounds.
Ethers are relatively chemically inert, hence the oxygen is of relatively little consequence except as a member of the heterocyclic ring.
Colorless, mobile, oily, hygroscopic, flammable liquid with a weak ammonia-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 40 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 25 μg/m3 (70 ppbv), respectively.
Forms explosive vapors at temperatures >35 °C.

Uses
(1) For medicine, Morpholine technical grade used as the raw materials for rubber accelerator and fluorescent whitening agent.
(2) Morpholine technical grade is the intermediates of fungicide dimethomorph and flumorpholine and organophosphate insecticide phosalphos.
(3) Morpholine technical grade is Mainly used for the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also for surfactant, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, pesticide synthesis.
(4) Morpholine technical grade also used as a catalyst for polymerization of butadiene, corrosion inhibitors, optical bleach, the goods are dyes, resins, wax, early glue, casein and other solvents.
At present, the total production of morpholine in the world is 3-4 million t/a.
(5) Morpholine technical grade like morpholine hydrochloride are the organic synthesis of intermediates.
Morpholine technical grade fatty acid salt can be used as the coating agent of fruits or vegetables epidermal coating agent, and it could inhibit the base respiration and prevent the epidermis from evaporation of water and epidermal atrophy.
(6) Morpholine technical grade is the main raw materials of accelerator NOBS. for analysis reagents and resins, wax, shellac and other solvents, used in the production of sodium sulfate.
(7) Morpholine technical grade is used for the analysis of reagents and resins, wax, casein, shellac and a variety of solvents solvent.
(8) Morpholine technical grade could produce salt after reacting with inorganic acid, and it also could produce salt or amide after reacting with organic acid.
Morpholine technical grade also can be alkylated, and it also could come up a ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Rubber accelerator, solvent, additive to boilerwater, waxes and polishes, optical brightener fordetergents, corrosion inhibitor, preservation of bookpaper, organic intermediate (catalyst, antioxidants,pharmaceuticals, bactericides, etc.).
Morpholine is made by dehydrating ethanolamines.
Morpholine technical grade's main use is as a rubber accelerator in manufacturing tires.
This process requires high temperature (300°F) and pressure, which increase the hazards.
Morpholine technical grade is also used as a boiler water additive, brightener for detergents, and corrosion inhibitor, in the preservation of book paper, in waxes and polishes, and in organic synthesis.

Industrial uses
The total industrial consumption of Morpholine technical grade is 11,000 metric tons/year.
The largest usage for Morpholine technical grade (33%) is in the rubber industry as an intermediate in the production of delayed-action accelerators for the polymerization of rubber, as stabilizers against heat-aging effects, and as bloom inhibitors in butyl rubber vulcanization.
A second large proportion (25%) of Morpholine technical grade is used as an inhibitor to combat carbonic acid corrosion in condensate return lines of steam boiler systems.
Morpholine technical grade is an intermediate in the manufacture of optical brighteners utilized by the soap and detergent industry.
Morpholine technical grade reacts readily with fatty acids, forming soaps used in the formulation of self-polishing waxes and polishes and in coatings for the food industry.
Morpholine technical grade and TV-ethyl morpholine are used as catalysts in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives are utilized in pharmaceutical applications, as bactericides, fungicides, and herbicides, and as separating agents for oils.
Other derivatives are utilized in the textile and printing industry as adjuvants, whitening agents, stabilizers, ink eradicators, and paper conditioners.

Metal Corrosion Inhibitors
As a kind of metal corrosion inhibitor, Morpholine technical grade is mainly applied for the anti-corrosion of iron, copper, zinc, lead and other metals.
Morpholine technical grade remains at its starting stage in China, but outside the country, a considerable proportion of Morpholine technical grade are used as a kind of anti-rust agent for metal gas to prevent the metal corrosion caused by atmosphere and it has been widely used in the field of mechanical instruments, automobiles, medical equipment and others.
The metal atmospheric rust inhibitor used earlier such as dicyclohexylamine nitrite and cyclohexylamine do harm to the human body and they are more environmentally toxic.
Instead, morpholine as a metal gas-liquid corrosion inhibitor, Morpholine technical grade has the advantages of low toxicity, so the foreground is prosperous.

Rubber Vulcanization Accelerator
Before 1990's, in Europe, the United States, Japan and other developed areas, the consumption of rubber vulcanization accelerator accounted for more than 50% of the total demand for Morpholine technical grade.
At present, more than 30% consumption of rubber vulcanization accelerator is used for NOBS.
In recent years, the toxicity issue of the harmful nitrosamines in the accelerator which produced during rubber processing is driving more attention internationally.
A number of restrictive laws and regulations are introduced all around the world.
For example, in Germany as early as 1982, the law about the regulations issued nitrosamine content control was established.
The United States, Japan, France, the United Kingdom actively developed new vulcanization accelerator which don’t produce nitrosamine, and they have stopped using nitrosamine which will produce vulcanization accelerator.
Therefore, the consumption of morpholine in foreign countries has decreased with banning of the accelerator NOBS year by year.
In China however, we have no corresponding regulations prohibited about banning accelerator NOBS. But China has joined the WTO, due to a large number of foreign enter and high requirement about additives localization, Morpholine technical grade requires more environmental protection in China's rubber vulcanization accelerator.
Using non-toxic promoter and replacing NOBS becomes the general trend.
China's demand for NOBS is significantly reduced in recent years.
China will no longer use basic decomposition of nitrosamine secondary amine accelerator.
As the main substitute of NOBS, NS (N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide), which does not produce nitrosamines, has a large production capacity.
In 2005, the output was 14,000 tons and Morpholine technical grade is 10.1%, of the total amount.
So there was good development momentum.

Production method
(1) Morpholine technical grade could be produced by diethanolamine dehydration cyclization derived from sulfuric acid.
Add diethanolamine to the water reaction pot and drop sulfuric acid in the temperature of 60 ℃, then when the temperature heat at 185-195 ℃, incubate it for 30min.
Cool Morpholine technical grade to under 60℃ and drop sodium hydroxide solution to pH = 11.
The next steeps are cooling, filtering, filtrating distillation, collecting the following fractions below 130℃.
The content of spermine is suppose to reach more than 99.5%.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, so Morpholine technical grade has become the main method of producing morpholine in the world.
Morpholine technical grade also could be produced in the catalytic reaction between dioxane and ammonia gas.

(2) The preparation method is that we could get Morpholine technical grade from the presence of sulfuric acid dehydration cyclization diethanolamine In the presence of sulfuric acid ; then add diethanolamine into the reaction kettle and add H2SO4 at a temperature of below 6 °C, then heat it to 185-195 °C for 30 minutes, cool to 60 °C.
Drop NaOH solution to pH = 11, and the last two steeps is cooling and filtrating.
Morpholine technical grade could be collected from the fraction below 130 °C.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, thus Morpholine technical grade is the main method of producing morpholine around the world.

Morpholine technical grade is produced by reacting diethylene glycol, ammonia, and a small amount of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst at 150-400°C and 30-400 atmospheres with the morpholine being recovered by fractional distillation.
Various byproducts include 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol and Af-alkylmorpholines.

Health Hazard
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed.
Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Morpholine technical grade is readily absorbed through the skin; it causes nasal irritation when inhaled, with coughing, bronchial irritation, and pulmonary edema at increasingly higher concentrations.
Upon ingestion, Morpholine technical grade causes hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract, with possible diarrhea; liver and kidney damage may occur if sufficient amounts are ingested or inhaled.
Morpholine technical grade itself is not a carcinogen on the basis of available data.

Morpholine technical grade is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C4H9NO.
Morpholine technical grade consists of a six-membered ring containing both nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
Morpholine technical grade is a colorless, amine-like liquid with a characteristic amine odor.

CAS Number: 110-91-8
Molecular Formula: C4H9NO
Molecular Weight: 87.12
EINECS Number: 203-815-1

In Morpholine technical grade, the term "technical grade" typically refers to a product that may not meet the high purity standards required for laboratory or pharmaceutical use but is suitable for various industrial applications.
Morpholine technical grade is often used in a range of industrial processes and applications due to its chemical properties.
Morpholine technical grade is a colorless, amine-like liquid with a characteristic odor.

Morpholine technical grade is an organic heteromonocyclic compound whose six-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom that lies opposite to each other; the parent compound of the morpholine family.
Technical-grade Morpholine technical grade refers to morpholine that is produced and used for industrial purposes, typically in applications where high purity is not a critical requirement.
Morpholine technical grade is a colorless, hygroscopic liquid free of suspended matter.

Morpholine technical grade is fully miscible with water and almost all common organic solvents, and slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Morpholine technical grade is generally used as a chemical intermediate in corrosion inhibitors for steam boiler systems, but also has uses in pharmaceuticals, textiles, rubbers, catalysts, plasticizers, dyes, and agricultural and photographic chemicals.
Morpholine technical grade is a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent and a member of morpholines.

Morpholine technical grade is a heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H9NO.
Morpholine technical grade is a conjugate base of a morpholinium.
Morpholine technical grade, also known as 1, 4-oxazepine and diethylenimine oxide, is a kind of colorless alkaline oily liquid.

Morpholine technical grade smells of ammonia and has hygroscopicity.
Morpholine technical grade could evaporate with water vapor and miscible with water.
Morpholine technical grade is Soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol and other organic solvents.

Morpholine technical grade Vapor could form an explosive mixture with air and the explosion limit is 1.8% to 15.2% (volume fraction).
Morpholine technical grade is a secondary amine, and at the same time it has the property of inorganic acid and organic acid, so that it can generate salt and amide.
Morpholine technical grade contains secondary amine groups and it has all the typical reaction characteristics of the secondary amine groups.

Morpholine technical grade can react with inorganic acid to form a salt, and also can react with organic acid to form salt or amide.
Morpholine technical grade is a cyclic amine that consists of a six-membered ring containing both oxygen and nitrogen atoms.
Morpholine technical grade is known for its corrosion-inhibiting properties, making it useful in various industries, such as the production and transportation of water and steam.

Morpholine technical grade helps protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
Morpholine technical grade is sometimes used in water treatment formulations for cooling and heating systems to prevent corrosion and scale formation.
Morpholine technical grade can carry out alkylation reactions and it also carry out ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Because of the unique chemical properties of Morpholine technical grade, it has become one of the important petrochemical products with important commercial application.
Morpholine technical grade can be applied to produce rubber vulcanization accelerators such as NOBS, DTOS and MDS.
Morpholine technical grade is also applied to produce anti-corrosives, anti-corrosion agents, detergents, detergents, analgesics, local anesthetics, sedatives, respiratory and vascular stimulants, surfactants, optical bleach, fruit preservatives, and textile dyeing auxiliaries.

Morpholine technical grade also has a wide range of applications in the field of rubber, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, coatings and other industries.
In medication it could be applied in the production of Morpholine technical grade, virus Ling, ibuprofen, cough must, naproxen, dichloroaniline, sodium phenylacetate and other important drugs.
The two main production method of Morpholine technical grade are DEA method (diethanolamine method) and DEA method (diethylene glycol method).

Morpholine technical grade is noteworthy that new polymer monomer acrylic morpholine has obtained a rapid development in recent years.
Morpholine technical grade could be produced from the reaction between acrylic acid and morpholine.
Morpholine technical grade is a kind of water-soluble monomer, and it is still water-soluble after the polymerization.

So Morpholine technical grade could be applied for the modification of aqueous polymers.
Besides, acrylic Morpholine technical grade is widely used as a reactive diluent for UV curable resins.
It is employed in gas scrubbing processes to remove acidic impurities, such as hydrogen sulfide, from industrial gases.

Morpholine technical grade is used as a catalyst in the production of rubber and polymers.
Morpholine technical grade helps control the molecular weight and structure of polymer products.
In the textile industry, Morpholine technical grade can be used as a solvent in dyeing processes and as a stabilizer for dyes.

Morpholine technical grade may be added to gasoline and lubricants to inhibit corrosion in engines and fuel systems.
Morpholine technical grade is an organic chemical compound having the chemical formula O(CH2CH2)2NH.
This heterocycle features both amine and ether functional groups.

Because of the amine, Morpholine technical grade is a base; its conjugate acid is called morpholinium.
For example, treating Morpholine technical grade with hydrochloric acid makes the salt morpholinium chloride.
Morpholine technical grade is a colorless liquid with a weak, ammonia- or fish-like odor.

Morpholine technical grade is attributed to Ludwig Knorr, who incorrectly believed it to be part of the structure of morphine.
Morpholine technical grade is colorless water-absorbing oily liquid and it smells ammonia.
Morpholine technical grade is soluble in water and methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether, ethylene glycol and other commonly used solvents.

Morpholine technical grade is a colorless to yellow liquid with a weak ammonia or fish-like odor.
The reactivity of Morpholine technical grade is mainly due to its secondary amine group.
Morpholine technical grade readily undergoes organic condensations, alkylations, and arylations, resulting in the formation of various N-substituted morpholine compounds.

Ethers are relatively chemically inert, hence the oxygen is of relatively little consequence except as a member of the heterocyclic ring.
Morpholine technical grade, Reagent, ACS is used as an industrial pH modifier and corrosion inhibitor.
Morpholine technical grade is also used as organic synthetic building block and a laboratory solvent.

As an ACS grade quality reagent, Morpholine technical grade is chemical specifications are the de facto standards for chemicals used in many high-purity applications and typically designate the highest quality chemical available for laboratory use.
Spectrum Chemical manufactured Reagent ACS grade products meet the toughest regulatory standards for quality and purity.
Morpholine technical grade is a volatile organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C4H9NO.

Morpholine technical grade has the properties of two functional groups, amine and ether.
In fact, Morpholine technical grade is a chemically stable amino ether. Due to the presence of amines, morpholine is a base whose conjugated acid is morpholinium.
While higher-purity grades are used in pharmaceuticals, technical grade morpholine may find application in certain aspects of pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Morpholine technical grade can be used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to improve performance and stability.
Morpholine technical grade is widely used in the production of many chemicals as a corrosion inhibitor and also in detergents.
Shanghai Chemex is one of the most reputable suppliers of this chemical in the world.

Morpholine technical grade is a colorless liquid with a fishy odor that has a flashpoint of 100 degrees Fahrenheit and is corrosive to tissues, soluble in water, and denser than water.
Morpholine technical grade is soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, pentane, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, propylene glycol, and other organic solvents, and its vapors are heavier than air and can form explosive mixtures with air.
The most important application of morpholine is as an intermediate in the production of accelerators used in the rubber industry.

Accelerators will be added to the rubber before production to speed up vulcanization.
Another application of this chemical compound is in medicine and the pharmaceutical industry.
Morpholine technical grade is used to produce a variety of local anesthetics, sedatives, analgesics, vascular and respiratory stimulants.

Morpholine technical grade is an extremely versatile chemical with many important applications.
Morpholine technical grade is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of rubber chemicals and optical brighteners.
Morpholine technical grade is also used extensively as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems.

Morpholine technical grade is often used as a solvent in various industrial processes, such as the extraction of natural gas and the purification of pharmaceuticals.
Morpholine technical grade is employed as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems and other water-based cooling systems to help prevent corrosion of metal components.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the production of adhesives and sealants.

Morpholine technical grade is utilized in the natural gas industry for sweetening, which involves removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas streams.
Morpholine technical grade can be found in some formulations of paints and coatings as a stabilizer or pH adjuster.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the rubber industry as an intermediate for the production of accelerators and as a curing agent.

Due to its favorable thermal stability and low freezing point, Morpholine technical grade is employed in heat transfer fluids in various industrial processes.
Morpholine technical grade is used in metal cleaning processes, particularly for removing rust and scale from metal surfaces.
Morpholine technical grade is employed as a building block in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Morpholine technical grade can be used in the paper and pulp industry as an additive in the pulping process.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the textile industry for printing and dyeing processes.
Due to its ability to inhibit corrosion, Morpholine technical grade is added to cooling and antifreeze fluids in some applications.

In laboratories, Morpholine technical grade can be used as a reagent in chemical synthesis and analysis.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives are sometimes employed in biomedical research for their potential pharmacological activities.
Morpholine technical grade can function as a plasticizer in the production of certain plastics.

Morpholine technical grade serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals.
Morpholine technical grade can be used in the production of rubber accelerators, optical brighteners, and certain pharmaceuticals.
Morpholine technical grade is sometimes used as a pH regulator in water treatment processes.

In some polymerization processes, Morpholine technical grade can be used as a catalyst or an aid to control the polymerization reaction.
Morpholine technical grade is used in gas scrubbing systems to remove acidic components, such as hydrogen sulfide, from gas streams.
Morpholine technical grade is mainly applied for the anti-corrosion of iron, copper, zinc, lead and other metals.

Morpholine technical grade remains at its starting stage in China, but outside the country, a considerable proportion of Morpholine are used as a kind of anti-rust agent for metal gas to prevent the metal corrosion caused by atmosphere and it has been widely used in the field of mechanical instruments, automobiles, medical equipment and others.
The metal atmospheric rust inhibitor used earlier such as dicyclohexylamine nitrite and cyclohexylamine do harm to the human body and they are more environmentally toxic.
Morpholine technical grade finds application in the textile industry as a catalyst for the production of certain dyes and as a stabilizer for emulsions.

Melting point: -7--5 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 126.0-130.0 °C 129 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 31 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.454(lit.)
Flash point: 96 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: water: miscible
form: Liquid
pka: 8.33(at 25℃)
color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 0.996
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
PH: 11.2 (H2O)(undiluted)
explosive limit: 1.4-15.2%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
FreezingPoint: -4.9℃
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Dielectric constant: 7.3（25℃）
LogP: -0.860

Morpholine technical grade dissolved in water neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
Morpholine technical grade undergoes most chemical reactions typical for other secondary amines, though the presence of the ether oxygen withdraws electron density from the nitrogen, rendering it less nucleophilic (and less basic) than structurally similar secondary amines such as piperidine.
Morpholine technical grade forms a stable chloramine.

Colorless Liquid Morpholine technical grade Chemical has extensive application in water treatment plants.
This hygroscopic liquid chemical easily dilutes in water and most of organic solvents.
But it does not dissolve in alkaline liquid content.

This Morpholine technical grade has a distinctive smell that resembles the odor of ammonia.
Morpholine technical grade has a broad scope of applications.
Morpholine technical grade serves as an effective antioxidant, a chemical intermediate, gloss, and wax emulsifier in different industries.

Morpholine technical grade also serves as a polymerization prevention factor and as a paper preservative.
This liquid Morpholine technical grade is accessible in pure form.
Morpholine technical grade is a chemical intermediate used in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and surfactants.

This 97% pure technical grade compound is typically used for research purposes.
Morpholine technical grade should be handled with care as it may cause skin irritation or eye damage upon contact.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Morpholine technical grade did not produce an increase in tumors in rats that inhaled from 10 to 150 ppm for 2 years.
No tumors were seen in rats fed 5000 ppm Morpholine technical grade for 8 weeks and observed for their lifetime.

Morpholine technical grade fed concurrently with sodium nitrate increased the numbers of hepatocellular carcinomas and sarcomas of the liver and lungs of rats and mice, probably mediated through the formation of N-nitrosomorpholine.
Morpholine technical grade is used in water treatment processes to control pH and prevent corrosion in water systems.
Morpholine technical grade finds applications in electroplating processes, where it can be used as a buffering agent.

Morpholine technical grade is utilized in the production of certain types of inks as a stabilizer and pH regulator.
Morpholine technical grade is sometimes used as an additive in gasoline to improve combustion efficiency.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives are employed in the synthesis of herbicides and pesticides.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be used in the manufacture of photographic chemicals.
In some wood preservation treatments, Morpholine technical grade can be included to protect against decay and insects.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the production of certain synthetic resins.

In the oil and gas industry, Morpholine technical grade is sometimes employed as a scavenger for hydrogen sulfide.
Morpholine technical grade can be used in the leather industry as a dyeing assistant.
Morpholine technical grade can be involved in processes related to the desulfurization of gasoline.

Morpholine technical grade may be used as an additive in coolant formulations for specific applications.
In natural gas storage, Morpholine technical grade can be employed to prevent corrosion in storage tanks and pipelines.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be used in certain polymerization processes for cross-linking polymers.

Morpholine technical grade is used in cooling water treatment to control corrosion and scale formation in cooling systems.
In the cosmetics industry, Morpholine technical grade is sometimes used as a humectant to retain moisture in certain formulations.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives have been investigated for their antifungal properties and may find applications in antifungal formulations.

Morpholine technical grade can be added to deicing fluids to enhance their performance in preventing ice formation on surfaces.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives may be used in the production of certain materials for photovoltaic devices.
Morpholine technical grade can be added to gasoline formulations to reduce vapor pressure, which is important for controlling emissions.

Morpholine technical grade is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, contributing to the formation of a solid and durable material.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be involved in the synthesis of certain fertilizers.
Morpholine technical grade may be used as an additive in detergent formulations for its stabilizing and buffering properties.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be employed as octane enhancers in gasoline formulations.
In the printing industry, Morpholine technical grade is used in the preparation of certain solutions and inks.
Morpholine technical grade-based compounds can be used in waterborne coatings to enhance their performance.

Morpholine technical grade can be found in some tobacco products as an additive.
Morpholine technical grade is used in anti-corrosion paint formulations to protect metal surfaces.

In metal processing, Morpholine technical grade can be employed in pickling solutions to remove oxides and scales from metal surfaces.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives can serve as catalysts in hydroformylation reactions in the production of aldehydes.

Production method:
Morpholine technical grade could be produced by diethanolamine dehydration cyclization derived from sulfuric acid.
Add diethanolamine to the water reaction pot and drop sulfuric acid in the temperature of 60 ℃, then when the temperature heat at 185-195 ℃, incubate it for 30min.
Cool it to under 60℃ and drop sodium hydroxide solution to pH = 11.

The next steeps are cooling, filtering, filtrating distillation, collecting the following fractions below 130℃.
The content of spermine is suppose to reach more than 99.5%. The method is easy to obtain raw materials, so it has become the main method of producing morpholine in the world.
Morpholine technical grade also could be produced in the catalytic reaction between dioxane and ammonia gas.

The preparation method is that we could get Morpholine from the presence of sulfuric acid dehydration cyclization diethanolamine In the presence of sulfuric acid ; then add diethanolamine into the reaction kettle and add H2SO4 at a temperature of below 6 °C, then heat it to 185-195 °C for 30 minutes, cool to 60 °C.

Drop NaOH solution to pH = 11, and the last two steeps is cooling and filtrating.
Morpholine technical grade could be collected from the fraction below 130 °C.
The method is easy to obtain raw materials, thus it is the main method of producing morpholine around the world.

Uses:
Morpholine technical grade is used for the analysis of reagents and resins, wax, casein, shellac and a variety of solvents solvent.
Morpholine technical grades used as corrosion inhibitors, insecticides, antiseptics, intermediate for rubber-processing chemicals; corrosion inhibitors; waxes and polishes; optical brighteners.
Morpholine technical grade reacts readily with fatty acids, forming soaps used in the formulation of self-polishing waxes and polishes and in coatings for the food industry.

Morpholine technical grade and TV-ethyl morpholine are used as catalysts in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives are utilized in pharmaceutical applications, as bactericides, fungicides, and herbicides, and as separating agents for oils.
Morpholine technical grade is used as a chemical emulsifier in the process of waxing fruit.

Naturally, fruits make waxes to protect against insects and fungal contamination, but this can be lost as the fruit is cleaned.
A small amount of new wax is applied to replace Morpholine technical grade.
Morpholine technical grade is used as an emulsifier and solubility aid for shellac, which is used as a wax for fruit coating.

The European Union has forbidden the use of morpholine in fruit coating.
Morpholine technical grade has been used as a reference standard for the identification of the analyte in water by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Morpholine technical grade may be used as a reference standard for the determination of the analyte in fruit-based soft drinks, in natural waters and in vegetables by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and in drugs by GC-MS.

Morpholine technical grade is widely used as a neutralizing amine to prevent carbonic acid corrosion in steam boiler systems.
Morpholine technical grade evaporates with the vapor in the system, and when the vapor becomes liquid, it liquefies with it, thus protecting the lines.
Morpholine technical grade vapors can prevent corrosion of silver and other metals, as well as obscuring their surfaces by acids such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.

In the agricultural industry, this material will be used as a protection and cover against insects and fungal contamination for fruit.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives are utilized in the synthesis of certain agricultural chemicals, including herbicides and pesticides.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be employed as additives in gasoline to control engine knock and improve fuel performance.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives act as catalysts in hydroformylation reactions, a process used in the production of aldehydes.
Morpholine technical grade can be part of aqueous cleaning solutions due to its solubility in water and ability to function as a stabilizer.
Morpholine technical grade can also be used as a component in agricultural fungicides and microbial removal.

Morpholine technical grade is one of the most widely used chemical compounds in various industries.
That is why many industries are looking for high-quality Morpholine technical grade.
In research and industry, Morpholine technical grade is used as a solvent for chemical reactions due to its low cost and high polarity.

Morpholine technical grade is used in the production of inks as a stabilizer and pH regulator.
Morpholine technical grade applied in electroplating processes, where it serves as a buffering agent.
Found in some cosmetic formulations for its humectant properties, helping to retain moisture.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives are investigated for their antifungal properties and potential applications in antifungal formulations.
Morpholine technical grade is used as an additive in detergent formulations for its stabilizing and buffering properties.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the printing industry for the preparation of solutions and inks.

Morpholine technical grade added to gasoline formulations to reduce vapor pressure and control emissions.
Morpholine technical grade is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, contributing to the formation of solid and durable materials.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives may be used in the production of materials for photovoltaic devices.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be employed as octane enhancers in gasoline formulations.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives are used in biomedical research for potential pharmacological activities.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the production of polyurethane foams, where it can serve as a stabilizer and contribute to the foam's properties.

Morpholine technical grade is used in the paper and pulp industry as an additive in the pulping process.
Morpholine technical grade derivatives may be used as softeners in the textile industry.
Employed in metal pickling processes to remove oxides and scales from metal surfaces.

Other derivatives are utilized in the textile and printing industry as adjuvants, whitening agents, stabilizers, ink eradicators, and paper conditioners.
Morpholine technical grade, also known as Diethylenimide Oxide, is an organic chemical compound used in organic synthesis.
Morpholine technical grade could produce salt after reacting with inorganic acid, and it also could produce salt or amide after reacting with organic acid.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can function as oxidation stabilizers in gasoline formulations.
Morpholine technical grade is used as an auxiliary agent in textile printing processes.
Morpholine technical grade is employed in the electronics industry for various applications, including the production of electronic chemicals.

Morpholine technical grade is a common additive, in parts per million concentrations, for pH adjustment in both fossil fuel and nuclear power plant steam systems.
Morpholine technical grade is used because its volatility is about the same as water, so once it is added to the water, its concentration becomes distributed rather evenly in both the water and steam phases.
Morpholine technical grade is pH-adjusting qualities then become distributed throughout the steam plant to provide corrosion protection.

Morpholine technical grade is often used in conjunction with low concentrations of hydrazine or ammonia to provide a comprehensive all-volatile treatment chemistry for corrosion protection for the steam systems of such plants.
Morpholine technical grade decomposes reasonably slowly in the absence of oxygen at the high temperatures and pressures in these steam systems.
Morpholine technical grade is generally considered an additive and is used for a variety of purposes.

Morpholine technical grade is often used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems and water cooling systems to prevent corrosion of metal components.
Morpholine technical grade is employed in the natural gas industry for the removal of acidic components like hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas streams.
Morpholine technical grade serves as a solvent in different industrial processes, including the extraction of natural gas and the purification of pharmaceuticals.

Morpholine technical grade is used as a pH regulator in water treatment processes and various industrial applications.
Morpholine technical grade is utilized in the production of rubber accelerators, curing agents, and as a component in certain polymerization processes.
Morpholine technical grade also can be alkylated, and it also could come up a ketone reaction or Willgerodt reaction with ethylene oxide.

Morpholine technical grade is made by dehydrating ethanolamines. Its main use is as a rubber accelerator in manufacturing tires.
This process requires high temperature (300°F) and pressure, which increase the hazards.
Morpholine technical grade is also used as a boiler water additive, brightener for detergents, and corrosion inhibitor, in the preservation of book paper, in waxes and polishes, and in organic synthesis.

Morpholine technical grade used as the raw materials for rubber accelerator and fluorescent whitening agent.
Morpholine technical grade is the intermediates of fungicide dimethomorph and flumorpholine and organophosphate insecticide phosalphos.
Morpholine technical grade fatty acid salt can be used as the coating agent of fruits or vegetables epidermal coating agent, and it could inhibit the base respiration and prevent the epidermis from evaporation of water and epidermal atrophy.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be involved in the synthesis of certain fertilizers.
Morpholine technical grade may be used as an additive in coolant formulations for specific applications.
In natural gas storage, Morpholine technical grade can be employed to prevent corrosion in storage tanks and pipelines.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be used in certain polymerization processes for cross-linking polymers.
Morpholine technical grade is used in the leather industry as a dyeing assistant.
Morpholine technical grade is added to cooling and antifreeze fluids in some applications due to its ability to inhibit corrosion.

Morpholine technical grade can be involved in processes related to the desulfurization of gasoline.
Morpholine technical grade is the main raw materials of accelerator NOBS.
For analysis reagents and resins, wax, shellac and other solvents, used in the production of sodium sulfate.

Morpholine technical grade is Mainly used for the production of rubber vulcanization accelerator, but also for surfactant, textile auxiliaries, pharmaceuticals, pesticide synthesis.
Morpholine technical grade also used as a catalyst for polymerization of butadiene, corrosion inhibitors, optical bleach, the goods are dyes, resins, wax, early glue, casein and other solvents. At present, the total production of morpholine in the world is 3-4 million t/a.
Morpholine technical grade salts are also widely used.

Found in the formulation of adhesives and sealants in industries like construction.
Morpholine technical grade is used in heat transfer fluids due to its thermal stability and low freezing point.
Employed in metal cleaning processes, particularly for removing rust and scale from metal surfaces.

Morpholine technical grade is used in the textile industry for dyeing and printing processes.
Morpholine technical grade applied in processes related to desulfurization, gas scrubbing, and as a scavenger for hydrogen sulfide.

Morpholine technical grade is used in certain formulations of paints and coatings as a stabilizer and pH regulator.
Found in the manufacture of certain photographic chemicals.
Morpholine technical grade is used in cooling water treatment to control corrosion and scale formation.

Morpholine technical grade and its derivatives serve as intermediates in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Included in gasoline formulations to improve combustion efficiency and reduce vapor pressure.
Morpholine technical grade is used in wood preservation treatments to protect against decay and insects.

Morpholine technical grade added to certain antifreeze formulations to inhibit corrosion.
Morpholine technical grade is used as a humectant in cosmetics to retain moisture.
Morpholine technical grade is added to deicing fluids to enhance their performance.

Morpholine technical grade derivatives can be involved in the synthesis of certain fertilizers.
Morpholine technical grade is commonly used to generate enamines.
Morpholine technical grade is widely used in organic synthesis.

For example, Morpholine technical grade is a building block in the preparation of the antibiotic linezolid, the anticancer agent gefitinib (Iressa) and the analgesic dextromoramide.
Morpholine technical grade salts like morpholine hydrochloride (10024-89-2) are the organic synthesis of intermediates.

Safety Information:
Morpholine technical grade can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.
Morpholine technical grade is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, to minimize the risk of skin and eye exposure.
Morpholine technical grade vapors may cause respiratory irritation.

Adequate ventilation should be maintained in areas where the compound is handled, and respiratory protection may be necessary in situations with high concentrations of vapors.
Some individuals may develop sensitization to morpholine after repeated exposure, leading to allergic reactions.
Precautions, such as using protective clothing, can help minimize the risk of sensitization.

Morpholine technical grade technical grade is classified as harmful if swallowed.
Ingestion can lead to adverse health effects, and the severity of these effects depends on factors such as the amount ingested and individual susceptibility.

Environmental Impact:
Morpholine technical grade may have environmental implications.
Morpholine technical grade is important to prevent its release into the environment, as it can be toxic to aquatic organisms and may have adverse effects on ecosystems.

Morpholine technical grade itself is not highly flammable, it should be stored away from sources of ignition.
Fire safety measures should be in place, and firefighting personnel should be aware of the chemical's properties in case of a fire.

Synonyms:
MORPHOLINE
110-91-8
1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane
Diethylene oximide
Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
Diethylenimide oxide
Diethyleneimide oxide
Diethylene imidoxide
Drewamine
Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
p-Isoxazine, tetrahydro-
morpholin
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
BASF 238
Caswell No. 584
2H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
4H-1,4-Oxazine, tetrahydro-
138048-80-3
NSC 9376
Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
CCRIS 2482
HSDB 102
EINECS 203-815-1
UNII-8B2ZCK305O
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 054701
BRN 0102549
8B2ZCK305O
DTXSID2025688
CHEBI:34856
AI3-01231
NSC-9376
MFCD00005972
C4H9NO
Tetrahydro-4H-1-4-oxazine
DTXCID305688
EC 203-815-1
4-27-00-00015 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MORPHOLINE (IARC)
MORPHOLINE [IARC]
MORPHOLINE-2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6-D8
tetrahydro-14-iso-xazine
1,4-oxazinane
CAS-110-91-8
MORPHOLINE,REAG
MORPHOLINE, PRACT
UN2054
morphline
Morpholine; Molsidomine Imp. E (EP); Molsidomine Impurity E
morpho line
morpholine-
6LR
Morpholine (BASF)
4H-1, tetrahydro-
MORPHOLINE [MI]
Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
MORPHOLINE [FCC]
DIEYTHYLENE OXIMIDE
MORPHOLINE [HSDB]
MORPHOLINE [INCI]
Morpholine on Rasta Resin
WLN: T6M DOTJ
NCIMech_000154
Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
NCIOpen2_007748
Oprea1_317540
Tetryhydro-2H-1,4-oxazine
Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-Oxazine
BIDD:ER0297
Morpholine, analytical standard
CHEMBL276518
NSC9376
AMY22834
BCP24054
STR00194
Tox21_202450
Tox21_303240
TETRAHYDRO-2H-1, 4-OXAZINE
AKOS000118829
Morpholine, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
Morpholine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
DB13669
NA 2054
UN 2054
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 054701
NCGC00249227-01
NCGC00256942-01
NCGC00259999-01
Morpholine, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
Morpholine [UN2054] [Flammable liquid]
FT-0628993
M0465
EN300-18064
Morpholine purified by distillation from glass
Morpholine, purified by redistillation, >=99.5%
Q410243
J-522715
F2190-0339
InChI=1/C4H9NO/c1-3-6-4-2-5-1/h5H,1-4H
ScavengePore(TM) phenethyl morpholine, macroporous, 40-70 mesh, extent of labeling: 0.7-1.5 mmol/g loading
StratoSpheres(TM) PL-MPH resin, 50-100 mesh, extent of labeling: 3.0-4.0 mmol/g loading, 1 % cross-linked