Dicorantil is an organoammonium phosphate.
Dicorantil belongs to a group of medicines called anti-arrhythmic agents used to treat irregular heartbeats.
Dicorantil is available in both oral and intravenous forms and has a low degree of toxicity.

CAS Number: 3737-09-5
Formula: C21H29N3O
Molar mass: 339.483 g·mol−1

Dicorantil is an antiarrhythmic chemical used in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia.
Dicorantil is a sodium channel blocker and is classified as a Class 1a anti-arrhythmic agent.

Dicorantil has a negative inotropic effect on the ventricular myocardium and significantly reduces contractility.
Dicorantil also has an anticholinergic effect on the heart, which is responsible for many negative side effects.
Dicorantil is available in both oral and intravenous forms and has a low degree of toxicity.

Dicorantil is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, for intermediate use only.
Dicorantil is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Dicorantil is an organoammonium phosphate.

Dicorantil is a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent with cardiac depressant properties.
Dicorantil exerts Dicorantil actions by blocking both sodium and potassium channels in cardiac membrane during phase 0 of the action potential.

This slows the impulse conduction through the AV node and prolongs the duration of the action potential of normal cardiac cells in atrial and ventricular tissues.
Dicorantil prolongs the QT interval and causes a widening of the QRS complex.

Dicorantil also possesses some anticholinergic and local anaesthetic properties.
Dicorantil is used in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia.

A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine.
Dicorantil also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.

Dicorantil belongs to a group of medicines called anti-arrhythmic agents used to treat irregular heartbeats.
An irregular heartbeat is a condition in which your heart beats irregularly, too fast, or too slow.
Dicorantil helps slow the heart rate and prevent arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms).

Dicorantil sulphate contains Dicorantil, ie anti-arrhythmic agents.
Dicorantil helps bring irregular heartbeats to a normal rhythm by blocking certain electrical signals in the heart.
Irregular heartbeat treatment reduces the risk of blood clots, heart attack or stroke.

Dicorantil should be taken as prescribed by the doctor.
Your doctor may monitor EKGs and blood pressure during treatment to monitor your dose.

Some people may experience common side effects such as blurred or double vision, stomach pain, little or no urination, and low blood sugar.
Most of these side effects of Dicorantil do not require medical attention and will gradually improve over time.
However, if the side effects persist, please consult your doctor.

Please tell your doctor if you are known to be allergic to Dicorantil or any other medicines.
Dicorantil is not recommended for use in children.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women are advised to consult a doctor before taking Dicorantil.

Before taking Dicorantil, tell your doctor if you have kidney or liver disease, enlarged prostate, glaucoma (increased eye pressure) or low potassium levels in the blood (hypokalaemia).
Do not take Dicorantil if you are already taking other medicines to regulate your heartbeat.

Do not drive or operate machinery as Dicorantil may cause blurred vision, dizziness and low blood pressure.
Use Dicorantil with caution if you are elderly (over 65 years of age), have a low body weight, or have kidney or liver problems.

Dicorantil is used to treat certain irregular heartbeats).
Dicorantil is in a class of medications called antiarrhythmic drugs.
Dicorantil works by making your heart more resistant to abnormal activity.

Continuing Education Activity:
Dicorantil is a chemical used to treat heart rhythm abnormalities that can be life-threatening, such as ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, or associated with increased morbidity and mortality, such as atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
This activity reviews several important aspects of this chemical, including indications, mechanism of action, applications, side effects, contraindications, monitoring, and toxicity.
This important knowledge of this chemical can improve interprofessional healthcare team outcomes.

Objectives:
Describe the mechanism of action of Dicorantil.
Describe possible side effects of Dicorantil.

Explains the importance of monitoring when using Dicorantil as an antiarrhythmic chemical.
Outline professional team strategies for improving care coordination and communication when using Dicorantil to maximize the benefits of this chemical and minimize Dicorantil side effects.

Indications:
In 1962, new antiarrhythmic drugs were needed apart from quinidine and procainamide, which were the main antiarrhythmic agents available at the time.
Dicorantil is the selected agent among more than 500 compounds synthesized for the research program of new antiarrhythmic agents.
The chemical structures of Dicorantil are similar to the synthetic muscarinic antagonist lacquer, which explains Dicorantil anticholinergic property.

Although Dicorantil is rarely used for heart rhythm abnormalities due to the availability of newer drugs that provide better efficacy and favorable side-effect profiles, Dicorantil is still the drug of choice for vagal-mediated atrial fibrillation such as sleep-induced or atrial fibrillation in athlete groups.
The effectiveness of Dicorantil in these conditions is due to Dicorantil anticholinergic activity, which abolishes the parasympathetic tone.

Dicorantil is also a third-line antiarrhythmic agent for a patient with coronary artery disease.
Also, a patient with left ventricular hypertrophy has impaired depolarization, which can induce torsade de pointes.

Therefore, antiarrhythmics that prolong the QT interval are avoided, but if sotalol or amiodarone is unsuccessful or unsuitable, Dicorantil may be an alternative.
In a patient with atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), Dicorantil is the agent of choice, other than amiodarone, as Dicorantil may decrease the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient (off-label use).

Data from a multicenter study of the safety and efficacy of Dicorantil in obstructive cardiomyopathy showed that Dicorantil significantly reduced the SVOT gradient from 75+/- 33 to 40+/-32 mmHg in 78 patients (66% of study subjects) (P<0.0001). has shown. ) and raises the New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA FC) from 23+/-07 to 17+/-06 (P<0.0001).
When Dicorantil is used in combination with a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker or beta blocker, they can effectively prevent recurrence of AF in HCOM patients.

Patients with ventricular premature beat (VPB) or premature ventricular complexes (PVC) may have a high symptom burden.
Dicorantil can be used in patients without structural heart disease, although Dicorantil efficacy is less than ablation.
In addition, based on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled one-year follow-up study, Dicorantil (n=44) was effective in maintaining sinus rhythm after electro cardioversion for atrial fibrillation compared to placebo (n=46) and was significantly different (%) at one-month follow-up. 70 vs 39%) and continues after twelve months (54% vs 30%).

Uses of Dicorantil:
Dicorantil is used to treat certain types of serious (possibly fatal) irregular heartbeat (such as sustained ventricular tachycardia).
Dicorantil is used to restore normal heart rhythm and maintain a regular, steady heartbeat.

Dicorantil is known as an anti-arrhythmic drug.
Dicorantil works by blocking certain electrical signals in the heart that can cause an irregular heartbeat.
Treating an irregular heartbeat can decrease the risk for blood clots, and this effect can reduce your risk of heart attack or stroke.

Usage of Dicorantil:
Dicorantil comes as a capsule and an extended-release (long-acting) capsule to take by mouth.
Dicorantil capsules may be taken every 6 or 8 hours.

The extended-release capsule is usually taken every 12 hours.
Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.

Take Dicorantil exactly as directed.
Do not take more or less of Dicorantil or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.

Swallow the extended-release capsules; do not open, crush, or chew them.

Dicorantil helps control your condition but will not cure it.
Continue to take Dicorantil even if you feel well.
Do not stop taking Dicorantil without talking to your doctor.

Mechanism of action of Dicorantil:
Dicorantil's Class 1a activity is similar to that of quinidine in that Dicorantil targets sodium channels to inhibit conduction.
Dicorantil depresses the increase in sodium permeability of the cardiac myocyte during Phase 0 of the cardiac action potential, in turn decreasing the inward sodium current.

This results in an increased threshold for excitation and a decreased upstroke velocity.
Dicorantil prolongs the PR interval by lengthening both the QRS and P wave duration.

This effect is particularly well suited in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia as Dicorantil slows the action potential propagation through the atria to the ventricles.
Dicorantil does not act as a blocking agent for beta or alpha adrenergic receptors, but does have a significant negative inotropic effect on the ventricular myocardium.
As a result, the use of Dicorantil may reduce contractile force up to 42% at low doses and up to 100% in higher doses compared to quinidine.

Levites proposed a possible secondary mode of action for Dicorantil, against reentrant arrhythmias after an ischemic insult.
Dicorantil decreases the inhomogeneity between infarcted and normal myocardium refractory periods; in addition to lengthening the refractory period.

This decreases the chance of re-entry depolarization, because signals are more likely to encounter tissue in a refractory state which cannot be excited.
This provides a possible treatment for atrial and ventricular fibrillation, as Dicorantil restores pacemaker control of the tissue to the SA and AV nodes.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Dicorantil:

MeSH Pharmacological Classification:

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents:
Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias.
They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, Dicorantil excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers.
Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.

Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease, occurring in 1:500 individuals in the general population.
Dicorantil is estimated that there are 600,000 individuals in the United States with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

The most common variant of HCM presents with left ventricular (LV) intracavitary obstruction due to systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, and mitral-septal contact, diagnosed readily with echocardiography.
Pharmacologic treatment with negative inotropic drugs is first-line therapy.

Beta-blockers are used first, and while they improve symptoms of shortness of breath, chest pain and exercise intolerance, they do not reduce resting LV intraventricular pressure gradients and often are inadequate to control symptoms.
Many investigators and clinicians believe that Dicorantil controlled release is the most potent agent available for reducing resting pressure gradients and improving symptoms.

Dicorantil has been actively used for more than 30 years.
Dicorantil administration for obstructive HCM has a IB recommendation in the 2020 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation guidelines for treatment of obstructive HCM.
A IB treatment recommendation indicates that a treatment is recommended, and may be useful, and beneficial.

Negative inotropes improve LV obstruction by decreasing LV ejection acceleration and hydrodynamic forces on the mitral valve.
Dicorantil's particular efficacy is due to Dicorantil potent negative inotropic effects; in head-to-head comparison, Dicorantil is more effective for gradient reduction than either beta-blocker or verapamil.

Dicorantil is most often administered with beta-blockade.
When used in patients resistant to beta-blockade, Dicorantil is effective in 60% of cases, reducing symptoms and gradient to the extent that invasive procedures such as surgical septal myectomy are not required.

Dicorantil, despite Dicorantil efficacy, has one main side effect that has limited Dicorantil use in the US, though Dicorantil has seen wider application in Canada, UK and Japan.
Vagal blockade predictably causes dry mouth, and in men with prostatism, may cause urinary retention.
Teichman et al. showed that pyridostigmine used in combination with Dicorantil substantially alleviates vagolytic side effects without compromising antiarrhythmic efficacy.

This combination has also been shown to be effective and safe in obstructive HCM in a large cohort of patients.
Some clinicians prescribe pyridostigmine sustained release (marketed in the US as Mestinon Timespan) to every patient begun on Dicorantil.
This combination increases acceptance of higher Dicorantil dosing, important since there is a dose-response correlation in obstructive HCM, higher doses yielding lower gradients.

Another concern about Dicorantil has been the hypothetical potential for inducing sudden death from Dicorantil type 1 anti-arrhythmic effects.
However, a multicenter registry and two recent cohort registries have largely reduced this concern, by showing sudden death rates lower than that observed from the disease itself.

These concerns about the drug must be viewed from the clinical perspective that Dicorantil is generally the last agent that is tried for patients before they are referred for invasive septal reduction with surgical septal myectomy (an open-heart operation) or alcohol septal ablation (a controlled heart attack).
Both of these invasive procedures have risk of morbidity and mortality.

For selected patients, a trial of oral Dicorantil is a reasonable approach before proceeding to invasive septal reduction.
Patients who respond to Dicorantil are continued on the drug.

Those who continue to have disabling symptoms or who experience side effects are promptly referred for septal reduction.
Using such a stepped strategy, investigators have reported that survival does not differ from that observed in the age-matched normal United States population.

Extracardiac effects:
Atropine like effects (anticholinergic)
Dry mouth
Constipation
Urinary retention – Dicorantil should not be given to patients with symptomatic prostatism.
Blurred vision
Glaucoma
Rash
Agranulocytosis

Additionally, Dicorantil may enhance the hypoglycaemic effect of gliclazide, insulin, and metformin.

Metabolism of Dicorantil:
Dicorantil can cause hypoglycemia, perhaps due to increased secretion of insulin, and can also potentiate the effects of conventional hypoglycemic drugs.
This effect may be due to Dicorantil chief metabolite mono-N dealkylDicorantil, since many of the reported cases of hypoglycemia have been in patients with renal impairment, in which the metabolite accumulates.

In six subjects who were being considered for treatment with Dicorantil, serum glucose concentrations were measured at 13, 15, 17, and 19 hours after supper, with no further food, with and without the added administration of two modified-released tablets of Dicorantil 150 mg with supper and 12 hours later.
Dicorantil significantly reduced the serum glucose concentration at all measurement times by an average of 0.54 mmol/l.
The fall in serum glucose concentration was not related to the serum concentration of Dicorantil or the serum creatinine concentration; Dicorantil was greater in older patients and in underweight patients.

Hypoglycemia has also been reported in a 70-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus taking Dicorantil.

Clinical data of Dicorantil:
Trade names: Norpace
AHFS/Drugs.com: Monograph
MedlinePlus: a682408
Pregnancy category: AU: B2
Routes ofadministration: Oral, intravenous
ATC code: C01BA03 (WHO)

Legal status:
UK: POM (Prescription only)
US: ℞-only

Pharmacokinetic data of Dicorantil:
Bioavailability: High
Protein binding: 50% to 65% (concentration-dependent)
Metabolism: Hepatic (CYP3A4-mediated)
Elimination half-life: 6.7 hours (range 4 to 10 hours)
Excretion: Renal (80%)

Identifiers of Dicorantil:
IUPAC name: (RS)-4-(Diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide
CAS Number: 3737-09-5
PubChem CID: 3114
IUPHAR/BPS: 7167
DrugBank: DB00280
ChemSpider: 3002
UNII: GFO928U8MQ
KEGG: D00303
ChEBI: CHEBI:4657
ChEMBL: ChEMBL517
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1045536
ECHA InfoCard: 100.021.010

Properties of Dicorantil:
Formula: C21H29N3O
Molar mass: 339.483 g·mol−1
Melting point: 94.5 to 95 °C (202.1 to 203.0 °F)
SMILES: O=C(N)C(c1ncccc1)(c2ccccc2)CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C21H29N3O/c1-16(2)24(17(3)4)15-13-21(20(22)25,18-10-6-5-7-11-18)19-12-8-9-14-23-19/h5-12,14,16-17H,13,15H2,1-4H3,(H2,22,25)
Key:UVTNFZQICZKOEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 437.5 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 437.20795813 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 437.20795813 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 137Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 30
Complexity: 459
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Names of Dicorantil:

Regulatory process names:

Disopyramide
Disopyramide

IUPAC names:
4-(diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide
4-[bis(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide
Disopyramide

Other identifiers:
3737-09-5

Synonyms of Dicorantil:
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE
22059-60-5
Norpace
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE SALT
Rythmodan
Norpace Cr
SC 7031 phosphate
Dirythmin sa
Diso-duriles
DisopyramidePhosphate
EINECS 244-756-1
SC 7031 (phosphate)
NSC-756744
SC-13957
SC-7031 PHOSPHATE
CHEBI:4658
N6BOM1935W
22059-60-5 (phosphate)
SC 13957
Norpace (TN)
2-(1-(Ammoniocarbonyl)-3-(diisopropylammonio)-1-phenylpropyl)pyridinium phosphate
Disopyramid phosphate
4-(diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide phosphate
4-[di(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide;phosphoric acid
alpha-(2-Diisopropylaminoethyl)-alpha-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide phosphate
(+-)-alpha-(2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide phosphate (1:1)
2-Pyridineacetamide, alpha-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-, phosphate
2-Pyridineacetamide, alpha-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-, phosphate (1:1)
2-Pyridineacetamide, alpha-(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-, phosphate
alpha-(2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide phosphate (1:1)
2-Pyridineacetamide, alpha-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-, (+-)-, phosphate (1:1)
SR-01000003039
Disopyramide (phosphate)
UNII-N6BOM1935W
SCHEMBL41810
MLS000028431
SPECTRUM1500261
C21H29N3O.H3O4P
CHEMBL1201020
HMS501I11
DTXSID30944685
Disopyramide phosphate (JAN/USP)
HMS1920I14
HMS2094K15
HMS2234B16
HMS3259J21
HMS3261C04
HMS3369L05
HMS3652M20
HMS3885J07
Pharmakon1600-01500261
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [MI]
XAA05960
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [JAN]
Tox21_500411
CCG-40209
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [USAN]
HY-12533A
NSC756744
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [VANDF]
AKOS040744844
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [MART.]
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [USP-RS]
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [WHO-DD]
LP00411
NC00683
NSC 756744
Disopyramide phosphate [USAN:BAN:JAN]
NCGC00093836-01
NCGC00093836-02
NCGC00093836-03
NCGC00093836-04
NCGC00261096-01
SMR000058438
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [ORANGE BOOK]
LS-130131
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Disopyramide phosphate [USAN:USP:BAN:JAN]
EU-0100411
FT-0630479
S4143
SW196836-3
SW196836-4
Disopyramide PHOSPHATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
C07740
D 6035
D00637
SR-01000003039-2
SR-01000003039-6
Q27106430
4-(diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)butanamide
(R)-4-(diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide phosphate
4-[di(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide,phosphoric acid
4-DIISOPROPYLAMINO-2-PHENYL-2-(2-PYRIDYL)BUTYRAMIDE PHOSPHATE
Disopyramide phosphate, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Disopyramide phosphate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
(+/-)-.ALPHA.-(2-(DIISOPROPYLAMINO)ETHYL)-.ALPHA.-PHENYL-2-PYRIDINEACETAMIDE PHOSPHATE (1:1)
2-PYRIDINEACETAMIDE, .ALPHA.-(2-(BIS(1-METHYLETHYL)AMINO)ETHYL)-.ALPHA.-PHENYL-, (+/-)-, PHOSPHATE (1:1)
223-110-2 [EINECS]
2-pyridineacetamide, a-[2-[bis(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl]-a-phenyl-
2-Pyridineacetamide, α-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-α-phenyl-
2-Pyridineacetamide, α-[2-[bis(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl]-α-phenyl- [ACD/Index Name]
3737-09-5 [RN]
4-(Diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)butanamid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-(Diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)butanamide [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-(Diisopropylamino)-2-phényl-2-(2-pyridinyl)butanamide [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
4-(Diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)butyramide
4-(Diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide
4-(dipropan-2-ylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide
a-[2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl]-a-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide
a-[2-[Bis(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl]a-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide
disopiramida [Spanish] [INN]
Disopyramide [French] [INN]
Disopyramide [BAN] [INN] [JAN] [JP15] [USAN] [Wiki]
Disopyramide, (R)-
Disopyramide, (S)-
disopyramidum [Latin] [INN]
Isorythm
Lispine
MFCD00057366 [MDL number]
Norpace [Trade name]
Rythmodan [Trade name]
α-[2-(DIISOPROPYLAMINO)ETHYL]-α-PHENYL-2-PYRIDINEACETAMIDE
α-Diisopropylaminoethyl-α-phenylpyridine-2-acetamide
дизопирамид [Russian] [INN]
ديسوبيراميد [Arabic] [INN]
丙吡胺 [Chinese] [INN]
Disopyramide free base
NORPACE CR
Rythmodan-La
ξ-Disopyramide
[3737-09-5] [RN]
1309283-08-6 [RN]
2-Pyridineacetamide, α-(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl)-α-phenyl-
2-Pyridineacetamide, α-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]-α-phenyl-
2-Pyridineacetamide, α-[2-[bis(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl]-α-phenyl-
3737-09-5 (free base)
38236-46-3 [RN]
4-(diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)butanamide
4-(diisopropylamino)-2-phenyl-2-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide
4-[bis(methylethyl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)butanamide
4-[bis(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide
4-[bis(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanimidic acid
4-[di(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide
4-[di(propan-2-yl)amino]-2-phenyl-2-pyridin-2-ylbutanamide
492056 [Beilstein]
4-Diisopropylamino-2-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)-butyramide
54687-36-4 [RN]
74464-83-8 [RN]
74464-84-9 [RN]
BS-17145
DB00280
Dicorantil
Disopiramida
Disopiramida [INN-Spanish]
Disopyramide-d5
Disopyramidum
Disopyramidum [INN-Latin]
MFCD00069254 [MDL number]
n-desalkyl Disopyramide
Norpace®
Ritmodan
Rythmodan P [Trade name]
Rythmodan®
Searle 703
α-(2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl)-α-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide
α-(2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl)-α-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide
α-[2-[bis(1-methylethyl)amino]ethyl]-α-phenyl-2-pyridineacetamide
γ-Diisopropylamino-α-phenyl-α-(2-pyridyl)butyramide
γ-Diisopropylamino-α-phenyl-α-(2-pyridyl)butyramide
дизопирамид
ديسوبيراميد
丙吡胺

DICUMYL PEROXIDE The aim of this article was to determine the effect of the dicumyl peroxide (dicumyl peroxide) content on thermal and mechanical properties of polylactide (PLA). Reactive extrusion of the PLA and dicumyl peroxide blends was performed. The dicumyl peroxide content varied from 0.2 to 1.0 wt.%. The extruded samples were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), analyses of gel content and swelling degree, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile and impact strength tests. It was found that dicumyl peroxide caused crosslinking of PLA as well as contributed to formation of low-molecular weight products of decomposition and degradation processes. These products caused plasticization of PLA, which led to a decrease in the glass transition temperature. An increase in tensile strength and decrease in impact strength were observed as the dicumyl peroxide content increased. Dicumyl peroxide price More Price(4) Manufacturer Product number Product description CAS number Packaging Price Updated Buy Sigma-Aldrich 329541 Dicumyl peroxide 98% 80-43-3 100g $50 2020-08-18 Buy Sigma-Aldrich 329541 Dicumyl peroxide 98% 80-43-3 500g $154 2020-08-18 Buy Alfa Aesar H60442 Dicumyl peroxide, 98% 80-43-3 100g $35.9 2020-06-24 Buy Alfa Aesar H60442 Dicumyl peroxide, 98% 80-43-3 500g $140 2020-06-24 Buy Dicumyl peroxide Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Chemical Properties white powder Chemical Properties Dicumyl peroxide is a crystalline solid that melts at 42°C. It is insoluble in water and soluble in vegetable oil and organic solvents . It is used as a high-temperature catalyst in production of polystyrene plastics. The deflagration hazard potential of this peroxide was tested using 5 g of igniter in the revised time–pressure test, but no pressure rise was produced . Noller et al. found it to be an intermediate fire hazard. General Description White powder with a characteristic odor. Reactivity Profile The explosive instability of the lower dialkyl peroxides (e.g., dimethyl peroxide) and 1,1-bis-peroxides decreases rapidly with increasing chain length and degree of branching, the di-tert-alkyl derivatives being amongst the most stable class of peroxides. Though many 1,1-bis-peroxides have been reported, few have been purified because of the higher explosion hazards compared with the monofunctional peroxides. Dicumyl peroxide is unlikely that this derivative would be particularly unstable compared to other peroxides in it's class, Bretherick 2nd ed., p 44 1979. Safety Profile Mildly toxic by ingestion. See also PEROXIDES. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Purification Methods Crystallise the peroxide from 95% EtOH (charcoal). Store it at 0o. Potentially EXPLOSIVE. [Beilstein 6 IV 3220.] Dicumyl peroxide Preparation Products And Raw materials Raw materials Cumene Ethanol Sodium sulfite PERCHLORIC ACID Cumyl hydroperoxide Preparation Products microdispersoid acrylate resin filling emulsion dimethylacrolyl phenoxy propanestyrene copolymer optical plastics 80-43-3(Dicumyl peroxide)Related Search: ethyl hydroperoxide TERT-BUTYL CUMYL PEROXIDE Methyl acrylate Methyl Methanol Di-tert-butyl peroxide Dicumyl peroxide Benzoyl peroxide DIISOPROPYLBENZENE Acetonitrile Methylparaben 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) Hydrogen peroxide Aluminum oxide 3,5-Diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide 1,3-DIISOPROPYLBENZENE 2,2'-Dithiobis(benzothiazole) Vulcanizator Description and features Iniper DCP (dicumyl peroxide), is a white crystal which has C18H22O2 as chemical formula. This dialkyl peroxide is used for the (co)polymerization of styrene, besides it is used to crosslink polymers and elastomers. Further it finds its application as flame retardant synergist in EPS. Dicumyl Peroxide is also known as Diisopropylbenzene peroxide, Bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) peroxide and Dicumene hydroperoxide. Storage Store Dicumyl Peroxide in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area and in line with legal requirements. Keep Iniper DCP away from heat sources, avoid contact with acids, alkalines, heavy metal compounds and reducing agents. The Self Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) in original packaging is 75ºC. The aim of this article was to determine the effect of the dicumyl peroxide (dicumyl peroxide) content on thermal and mechanical properties of polylactide (PLA). Reactive extrusion of the PLA and dicumyl peroxide blends was performed. The dicumyl peroxide content varied from 0.2 to 1.0 wt.%. The extruded samples were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), analyses of gel content and swelling degree, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile and impact strength tests. It was found that dicumyl peroxide caused crosslinking of PLA as well as contributed to formation of low-molecular weight products of decomposition and degradation processes. These products caused plasticization of PLA, which led to a decrease in the glass transition temperature. An increase in tensile strength and decrease in impact strength were observed as the dicumyl peroxide content increased. Dicumyl peroxide price More Price(4) Manufacturer Product number Product description CAS number Packaging Price Updated Buy Sigma-Aldrich 329541 Dicumyl peroxide 98% 80-43-3 100g $50 2020-08-18 Buy Sigma-Aldrich 329541 Dicumyl peroxide 98% 80-43-3 500g $154 2020-08-18 Buy Alfa Aesar H60442 Dicumyl peroxide, 98% 80-43-3 100g $35.9 2020-06-24 Buy Alfa Aesar H60442 Dicumyl peroxide, 98% 80-43-3 500g $140 2020-06-24 Buy Dicumyl peroxide Chemical Properties,Uses,Production Chemical Properties white powder Chemical Properties Dicumyl peroxide is a crystalline solid that melts at 42°C. It is insoluble in water and soluble in vegetable oil and organic solvents . It is used as a high-temperature catalyst in production of polystyrene plastics. The deflagration hazard potential of this peroxide was tested using 5 g of igniter in the revised time–pressure test, but no pressure rise was produced . Noller et al. found it to be an intermediate fire hazard. General Description White powder with a characteristic odor. Reactivity Profile The explosive instability of the lower dialkyl peroxides (e.g., dimethyl peroxide) and 1,1-bis-peroxides decreases rapidly with increasing chain length and degree of branching, the di-tert-alkyl derivatives being amongst the most stable class of peroxides. Though many 1,1-bis-peroxides have been reported, few have been purified because of the higher explosion hazards compared with the monofunctional peroxides. Dicumyl peroxide is unlikely that this derivative would be particularly unstable compared to other peroxides in it's class, Bretherick 2nd ed., p 44 1979. Safety Profile Mildly toxic by ingestion. See also PEROXIDES. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Purification Methods Crystallise the peroxide from 95% EtOH (charcoal). Store it at 0o. Potentially EXPLOSIVE. [Beilstein 6 IV 3220.] Dicumyl peroxide Preparation Products And Raw materials Raw materials Cumene Ethanol Sodium sulfite PERCHLORIC ACID Cumyl hydroperoxide Preparation Products microdispersoid acrylate resin filling emulsion dimethylacrolyl phenoxy propanestyrene copolymer optical plastics 80-43-3(Dicumyl peroxide)Related Search: ethyl hydroperoxide TERT-BUTYL CUMYL PEROXIDE Methyl acrylate Methyl Methanol Di-tert-butyl peroxide Dicumyl peroxide Benzoyl peroxide DIISOPROPYLBENZENE Acetonitrile Methylparaben 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) Hydrogen peroxide Aluminum oxide 3,5-Diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide 1,3-DIISOPROPYLBENZENE 2,2'-Dithiobis(benzothiazole) Vulcanizator Description and features Iniper DCP (dicumyl peroxide), is a white crystal which has C18H22O2 as chemical formula. This dialkyl peroxide is used for the (co)polymerization of styrene, besides it is used to crosslink polymers and elastomers. Further it finds its application as flame retardant synergist in EPS. Dicumyl Peroxide is also known as Diisopropylbenzene peroxide, Bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) peroxide and Dicumene hydroperoxide. Storage Store Dicumyl Peroxide in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area and in line with legal requirements. Keep Iniper DCP away from heat sources, avoid contact with acids, alkalines, heavy metal compounds and reducing agents. The Self Accelerating Decomposition Temperature (SADT) in original packaging is 75ºC.

Dicumyl peroxide is a pale yellow to white granular solid with a characteristic odor.
Dicumyl peroxide is used as a polymerization catalyst and vulcanizing agent.
Dicumyl peroxide is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5CMe2O)2 (Me = CH3).

CAS: 80-43-3
MF: C18H22O2
MW: 270.37
EINECS: 201-279-3

Classified as a dialky peroxide, Dicumyl peroxide is produced on a large scale industrially for use as an initiator for the production of low density polyethylene.

Production
Dicumyl peroxide is synthesized as a by-product in the autoxidation of cumene, which mainly affords cumene hydroperoxide.
Alternatively, Dicumyl peroxide can be produced by the addition of hydrogen peroxide to α-methylstyrene.
Of the ca. 60,000 ton/y production of dialkyl peroxides, dicumyl peroxide is dominant.

Dicumyl Peroxide Chemical Properties
Melting point: 39-41 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 130°C
Density: 1.56 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 9.3 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 15.4 mm Hg ( 38 °C)
Refractive index: 1.5360
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Form: flakes
Color: White
Water Solubility: insoluble
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 4: no reaction with water under neutral conditions
BRN: 2056090
Stability:: Reacts violently with reducing agents, heavy metals, concentrated acids, concentrated bases.
May ignite organic materials on contact.
May decompose violently upon exposure to sunlight or if heated.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 5.6 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 80-43-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Dicumyl peroxide (80-43-3)

Dicumyl peroxide is relatively stable compound owing to the steric protection provided by the several substituents adjacent to the peroxide group.
Upon heating, Dicumyl peroxide breaks down by homolysis of the relatively weak O-O bond.
Dicumyl peroxide is a crystalline solid that melts at 42°C.
Dicumyl peroxide is insoluble in water and soluble in vegetable oil and organic solvents .
Dicumyl peroxide is used as a high-temperature catalyst in production of polystyrene plastics.
The deflagration hazard potential of Dicumyl peroxide was tested using 5 g of igniter in the revised time–pressure test, but no pressure rise was produced .
Noller et al. found Dicumyl peroxide to be an intermediate fire hazard.

Uses
Dicumyl peroxide is used:
in vulcanization of rubber
as a crosslinking agent in the synthesis of polylactic acid composite fibers
in the preparation of polyethylene composites
in the synthesis of polyamide 112/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer blends.

Reactivity Profile
The explosive instability of the lower dialkyl peroxides (e.g., dimethyl peroxide) and 1,1-bis-peroxides decreases rapidly with increasing chain length and degree of branching, the di-tert-alkyl derivatives being amongst the most stable class of peroxides.
Though many 1,1-bis-peroxides have been reported, few have been purified because of the higher explosion hazards compared with the monofunctional peroxides.

Synonyms
DICUMYL PEROXIDE
80-43-3
Cumene peroxide
Cumyl peroxide
dicumylperoxide
Di-Cup
Percumyl D
Perkadox B
Perkadox BC
Perkadox SB
Dicumenyl peroxide
Peroxide, bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)
Luperox
Percumyl D 40
Luperox 500
Luperox 500R
Luperox 500T
Dicumene hydroperoxide
Diisopropylbenzene peroxide
Kayacumyl D
Di-cupr
DiCup 40KE
Active dicumyl peroxide
Di-cup 40C
Varox dcp-R
Varox dcp-T
Isopropylbenzene peroxide
Luperco 500-40C
Luperco 500-40KE
Perkadox BC 9
Di-cup R
Di-cup T
Di-cup 40haf
Perkadox BC 40
Perkadox BC 95
Bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) peroxide
Bis(2-phenyl-2-propyl) peroxide
NSC 56772
Bis(alpha,alpha-dimethylbenzyl)peroxide
Bis(alpha,alpha-dimethylbenzyl) peroxide
.alpha.-Cumyl peroxide
2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene
Di-.alpha.-cumyl peroxide
M51X2J0U9D
DTXSID1025017
.alpha.,.alpha.'-Dicumyl peroxide
NSC-56772
Bis(.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl) peroxide
Samperox DCP
Perkadox 96
Lupersol 500
DTXCID605017
Di-cup 40ke
Dicup 40
Dicumyl peroxide, dry
Di-Cup 40 KE
MFCD00036227
CAS-80-43-3
1,1'-(dioxydipropane-2,2-diyl)dibenzene
CCRIS 4616

DESCRIPTION:
Dicumyl peroxide is a 40% inert polymer bound formulation in granular form.

CAS No.: 80-43-3
Einecs Number: 201-279-3
Molecular weight: 270.4

APPLICATIONS OF DICUMYL PEROXIDE 40%:
Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) is used in vulcanization of rubber
Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) is used as a crosslinking agent in the synthesis of polylactic acid composite fibers
Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) is used in the preparation of polyethylene composites
Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) is used in the synthesis of polyamide 112/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer blends.


Dicumyl peroxide is a monofunctional peroxide which is used for the crosslinking of natural rubber and synthetic rubbers, as well as polyolefins.
Rubber compounds containing Dicumyl peroxide have excellent scorch safety, and under certain conditions one step mixing is possible.
Safe processing temperature: 130°C (rheometer ts2 > 20 min.).
Typical crosslinking temperature: 170°C (rheometer t90 about 12 min.)


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DICUMYL PEROXIDE 40%:
Appearance: white powder
Peroxide assay: appx. 40%
Active oxygen assay: appx. 2.37%
Bulk density at 20°C: 400 kg/m³
CAS No.: 80-43-3
Molecular weight: 270.4
vapor density
9.3 (vs air)
vapor pressure
15.4 mmHg ( 38 °C)
Assay: 98%
Form: solid
reaction suitability
reagent type: oxidant
mp: 39-41 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.56 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
Testing Item First Glass
Calcium carbonate content 59-61%
Total volatile content ≤0.01%
Concentration 39-41%
Screen residue rate A.28.5% max(80meshes)
B.5%max(40meshes)
C.0%(30meshes)
Appearance White powder
Active oxygen content,% 2.28-2.4
Name
Dicumyl peroxide
EINECS 201-279-3
CAS No. 80-43-3
Density 1.026 g/cm3
PSA 18.46000
LogP 4.80520
Solubility insoluble in water
Melting Point 39-41 °C(lit.)
Formula C18H22O2
Boiling Point 351.4 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 270.371
Flash Point 99.6 °C
Transport Information UN 2121/3110
Appearance white powder
Chemical family
Organic peroxide
CAS number
80-43-3
Physical form
Granules
Molecular Weight
270.4
Concentration
2.31-2.43%
Chemical name
Dicumyl peroxide


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DICUMYL PEROXIDE 40%:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product








SYNONYMS OF DICUMYL PEROXIDE 40%:
Peroxide,bis(a,a-dimethylbenzyl) (8CI);
Bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) peroxide;
C 3 (crosslinkingagent);
D 40C;
DCP 40C;
DCP 99;
Di-Cup 40;
Di-Cup 40HAF;
Di-Cup 60;
Di-Cup 90;
Di-Cup T;
Dicumylperoxide;
Interox DCUP 1;
Kayacumyl D 40C;
LX 500;
Luperco 500-40KE;
Luperox 500;
Luperox500T;
Luperox 505R;
Luperox DC 40KEP;
Luperox DC40P-SP;
Luperox DCP;
Luperox PP 20;
NSC 56772;
PO-D;
Percumyl D;
Perkadox B;
Perkadox BC 40;
Perkadox BC40B-PD;
Perkadox BC 40KPD;
Perkadox BC 95;
Perkadox BC-FF;
Peroximon DC;
Peroximon DC/SC;
RC 3;
Retic DCP;
Sanperox DCP;
Trigonox 239A;
Varox 40KE;
Varox DCP 40C-SP2;
Varox DCP-R;
a,a'-Dicumyl peroxide;

Dicyandiamide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H4N4.
Dicyandiamide is composed of two cyano groups (CN) linked by two amidine groups (NH).
The chemical structure of dicyandiamide can be represented as H2N-C(=NH)-N=C(=NH)-NH2.

CAS Number: 461-58-5
EC Number: 207-312-8



APPLICATIONS


Dicyandiamide is a key component in the production of melamine, a versatile industrial resin used in laminates and coatings.
Dicyandiamide serves as a curing agent for epoxy resins, enhancing the durability and strength of various composite materials.

In agriculture, Dicyandiamide is employed as a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, contributing to efficient nutrient utilization by plants.
Dicyandiamide finds application in the synthesis of guanidine derivatives, which are used in pharmaceuticals and organic chemistry.
Dicyandiamide is utilized in the manufacturing of flame retardants, enhancing the fire resistance of polymers and textiles.

Dicyandiamide is a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of dyestuffs, contributing to the vibrant colors in textiles and other materials.
In the wood and laminating industries, the compound is used in adhesives to improve bonding properties.

Dicyandiamide plays a role in the production of color fixatives for dyed fabrics in the textile industry.
Dicyandiamide is used as an additive in electroplating processes to enhance the properties of metal coatings.

Dicyandiamide serves as a stabilizer and crosslinking agent in the formulation of certain polymers.
Dicyandiamide is employed in soil conditioning practices due to its gradual release of nitrogen, improving crop yields in agriculture.
Dicyandiamide is utilized in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, including corrosion inhibitors and biocides.

In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as a building block for the synthesis of certain drugs and pharmaceutical intermediates.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the production of adhesives for various industrial applications.
Dicyandiamide has been studied for its potential use in inhibiting microbial activity in certain processes and applications.

Dicyandiamide is employed as a reducing agent in specific chemical reactions, showcasing its versatile reactivity.
Dicyandiamide is used as a stabilizing agent in the production of nitrogen-containing compounds.

In the electrochemical industry, it finds application in the production of batteries and other energy storage devices.
Dicyandiamide is utilized in wastewater treatment processes to control microbial growth and improve water quality.
Dicyandiamide contributes to the formulation of coatings and paints with enhanced durability and adhesion properties.

Dicyandiamide is studied for its potential use in the synthesis of high-performance polymers with unique properties.
In the food industry, Dicyandiamide may find applications in certain food additives and processing aids.

Dicyandiamide is utilized in the synthesis of resins and polymers with specific chemical and physical properties.
Dicyandiamide has been explored for its potential use in the production of nanomaterials with tailored properties.
Dicyandiamide continues to be researched for new and innovative applications in various industries, showcasing its adaptability and potential.

In the electronics industry, Dicyandiamide is used in the production of printed circuit boards as a resin curing agent.
Dicyandiamide finds application in the synthesis of melamine formaldehyde resins, widely used in the manufacturing of durable laminates and coatings.

Dicyandiamide is utilized as a stabilizer in the production of nitrocellulose-based explosives, enhancing their safety and shelf life.
Dicyandiamide is involved in the formulation of slow-release fertilizers, ensuring a sustained and controlled nutrient supply for plants.

Dicyandiamide is employed in the textile industry for the preparation of flame-resistant fabrics, contributing to improved safety in various applications.
Dicyandiamide is used as a nitrogen source in the production of nitrogen-rich organic compounds, such as cyanuric acid.
In water treatment processes, it serves as a biocide and corrosion inhibitor, helping maintain the integrity of water systems.

Dicyandiamide plays a role in the synthesis of polyfunctional amines, which find applications in the production of surfactants and detergents.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the manufacturing of slow-release tablets in the pharmaceutical industry, controlling the release of active ingredients.
Dicyandiamide is utilized in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, which are essential in medicinal chemistry.

In adhesive formulations, it acts as a crosslinking agent, enhancing the bonding strength of adhesives in various applications.
Dicyandiamide is involved in the production of automotive coatings, providing durable and protective finishes for vehicles.

Dicyandiamide is used in the synthesis of resins for powder coatings, contributing to the corrosion resistance of coated surfaces.
Dicyandiamide finds application in the formulation of epoxy molding compounds, used in encapsulating electronic components.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the creation of slow-release biocides, contributing to long-lasting antimicrobial properties in certain materials.

Dicyandiamide is utilized in the synthesis of high-performance plastics, offering improved mechanical and thermal properties.
In the construction industry, it is employed in the production of cement admixtures to enhance strength and durability.
Dicyandiamide serves as a key ingredient in the synthesis of dicyandiamide-formaldehyde resins, used as wood adhesives.

Dicyandiamide is involved in the creation of ink formulations, providing improved adhesion and durability on various surfaces.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the manufacturing of encapsulating materials for electronic components, ensuring their protection from environmental factors.

Dicyandiamide finds use in the creation of fire-retardant coatings, contributing to enhanced fire safety in various applications.
Dicyandiamide is used in the synthesis of guanidine-based pharmaceuticals, demonstrating its significance in drug development.
In the rubber industry, it is applied in the production of vulcanization accelerators, improving the performance of rubber products.

Dicyandiamide is involved in the creation of water-based paints, offering eco-friendly alternatives with low volatile organic compound (VOC) content.
Dicyandiamide is explored for potential applications in nanotechnology, showcasing its adaptability to emerging fields of study.

Dicyandiamide is utilized in the manufacturing of effervescent salts, contributing to their controlled release of gases in various applications.
Dicyandiamide finds application in the synthesis of cyanoguanidine, an intermediate used in the production of herbicides and fungicides.
Dicyandiamide is employed in the creation of thermosetting plastics, contributing to their strong and heat-resistant properties.
Dicyandiamide plays a role in the production of cyanuric acid, a stabilizer used in swimming pool water treatment.

In the rubber and tire industry, it is used as a vulcanization activator, improving the elasticity and strength of rubber compounds.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the creation of nitrogen-rich polymers, which find use in specialty coatings and adhesives.
Dicyandiamide is involved in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors for various metals and alloys.

Dicyandiamide serves as a processing aid in the manufacturing of melamine-formaldehyde molding compounds for tableware and utensils.
In the field of environmental protection, it is used in the removal of nitrogen compounds from industrial wastewater.

Dicyandiamide is applied in the synthesis of crosslinked polymers for controlled drug release in pharmaceutical formulations.
Dicyandiamide is utilized as a crosslinking agent in the production of water-based emulsions for coatings and adhesives.
Dicyandiamide plays a role in the creation of slow-release coatings for seeds, enhancing nutrient availability during germination.

Dicyandiamide is used in the synthesis of nitrogen-rich polymers with flame-retardant properties.
Dicyandiamide is involved in the formulation of adhesives for the bonding of rubber to metal in industrial applications.

Dicyandiamide serves as a catalyst in certain chemical reactions, facilitating the synthesis of diverse organic compounds.
In the creation of specialty chemicals, it acts as a building block for the synthesis of high-value intermediates.

Dicyandiamide is utilized in the formulation of flocculants for water treatment, aiding in the removal of impurities.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the synthesis of guanidinium salts, which find use in organic synthesis and catalysis.

In the paper and pulp industry, it is used in the creation of wet-strength additives for paper products.
Dicyandiamide is involved in the formulation of coatings for steel structures, providing corrosion protection.
Dicyandiamide is utilized in the creation of encapsulating materials for electronic devices, offering insulation and protection.
Dicyandiamide finds application in the creation of dental materials, such as adhesives and restorative composites.

Dicyandiamide is involved in the synthesis of nitrogen-rich polymers used in the aerospace industry.
Dicyandiamide is applied in the formulation of inkjet inks, contributing to their stability and color vibrancy.
In the creation of slow-release pharmaceutical formulations, it is used to control the release of active ingredients over time.



DESCRIPTION


Dicyandiamide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H4N4.
Dicyandiamide is composed of two cyano groups (CN) linked by two amidine groups (NH).
The chemical structure of dicyandiamide can be represented as H2N-C(=NH)-N=C(=NH)-NH2.

Dicyandiamide is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water.
Dicyandiamide is known for its versatile applications, including use in the production of fertilizers, resins, and as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Dicyandiamide is also employed in the synthesis of various organic compounds and as a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
Additionally, dicyandiamide has applications in the pharmaceutical and textile industries.

Dicyandiamide is a white, odorless, and crystalline compound with the chemical formula C2H4N4.
Dicyandiamide is soluble in water, providing versatility in various applications.

Dicyandiamide is known for its high melting point, typically around 209 degrees Celsius.
Dicyandiamide is a derivative of cyanamide and is composed of two cyano groups connected by two amidine groups.

Dicyandiamide is commercially produced through the cyanamide dimerization process.
Dicyandiamide plays a crucial role in the production of melamine, a widely used industrial resin.
Dicyandiamide is utilized as a curing agent in the manufacture of epoxy resins, enhancing their durability and strength.

In the agricultural sector, it is employed as a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer due to its gradual decomposition.
Dicyandiamide is known for its low toxicity, making it suitable for various industrial and agricultural applications.

Dicyandiamide is often used in the synthesis of guanidine compounds and other organic derivatives.
Dicyandiamide serves as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and dyestuffs.
Dicyandiamide is a key component in the production of adhesives, particularly those used in the wood and laminating industries.

Due to its ability to release nitrogen gradually, it is used in soil conditioning and fertilization practices.
Dicyandiamide is an essential building block in the synthesis of flame retardants and specialty chemicals.
In the textile industry, it finds application in the creation of color fixatives for dyed fabrics.

Dicyandiamide exhibits stability under various environmental conditions, contributing to its widespread use.
Dicyandiamide has been studied for its potential role in inhibiting microbial activity in certain applications.
Dicyandiamide undergoes decomposition upon heating, releasing ammonia and cyanamide as byproducts.

Dicyandiamide is employed in the electroplating industry as an additive to enhance the properties of metal coatings.
Dicyandiamide is classified as a non-hazardous substance, adhering to safety and environmental regulations.
Dicyandiamide is recognized for its ability to function as a reducing agent in certain chemical processes.
Dicyandiamide is a white, free-flowing powder with good storage stability.

Dicyandiamide is used as a stabilizer and crosslinking agent in the production of certain polymers.
Dicyandiamide is subject to quality control measures to ensure purity and consistency in various applications.
Due to its multifaceted properties, Dicyandiamide continues to be a valuable compound in the chemical, agricultural, and industrial sectors.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2H4N4
Molecular Weight: 84.08 g/mol
Appearance: White, crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: Approximately 209 degrees Celsius
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Density: 1.40 g/cm³
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Vapor Density: Not applicable
pH: Neutral (around 7 in water)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Refractive Index: 1.633
Crystal Structure: Crystalline lattice
Hygroscopicity: Non-hygroscopic
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid at room temperature)
Electrical Conductivity: Low electrical conductivity
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Flammability: Non-flammable
Toxicity: Low toxicity
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Compatibility: Compatible with many organic solvents and water
Decomposition Temperature: Decomposes upon heating



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhalation occurs, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
Ensure proper ventilation.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation persists or if symptoms are severe, seek medical attention promptly.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove contaminated clothing, including shoes and accessories, while avoiding further exposure.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected skin area with plenty of water and mild soap for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Advice:
If irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist, seek medical advice.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes Immediately:
Rinse eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring that eyelids are held open.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If present and easily removable, remove contact lenses during the eye-rinsing process.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or other eye-related symptoms persist.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the medical personnel with information about the substance ingested.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses or goggles, protective gloves, and suitable protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Engineering Controls:
Use adequate ventilation, such as local exhaust systems, to control airborne concentrations and prevent inhalation exposure.

Avoiding Ingestion:
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling the substance, and wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Avoiding Inhalation:
Avoid breathing dust or vapors.
Use respiratory protection, such as a dust mask, if ventilation is insufficient.

Preventing Contamination:
Prevent contamination of clothing, personal items, and work surfaces.
Use dedicated equipment for handling Dicyandiamide.

Safe Handling Procedures:
Follow safe handling procedures and adhere to good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not use compressed air for cleaning surfaces.

Static Electricity:
Ground equipment and containers to prevent the buildup of static electricity.

Storage Compatibility:
Store away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, strong bases, and reducing agents.

Labeling and Identification:
Clearly label containers with the substance name, hazard information, and appropriate safety symbols.


Storage:

Temperature Control:
Store in a cool, dry place.
Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and heat.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the buildup of vapors.

Separation from Incompatibles:
Store away from incompatible substances to prevent cross-contamination.

Storage Containers:
Use appropriately labeled and compatible containers made of materials resistant to Dicyandiamide.

Preventing Leaks and Spills:
Use containment measures, such as spill trays or secondary containment, to prevent and contain spills.

Avoiding Container Damage:
Inspect containers regularly for damage or leaks, and replace damaged containers promptly.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure that emergency equipment, such as eyewash stations and safety showers, is readily available in the storage area.

Handling Procedures:
Follow proper handling procedures during loading, unloading, and transportation to minimize the risk of spills.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access and tampering with stored substances.

Emergency Response Plan:
Have a comprehensive emergency response plan in place, including procedures for handling spills, leaks, and exposure incidents.

Regulatory Compliance:
Ensure compliance with local, national, and international regulations regarding the storage of hazardous substances.



SYNONYMS


Cyanoguanidine
Carbamidine
N-Cyanoguanidine
DCD
Dicyandiamin
N-Carbamimidoyl-N'-cyanoformamidine
DCDA (Dicyandiamide)
N-Carbamimidoyl-cyanamide
Didroguanidine
4,6-Diamino-1,2-dihydro-2-imino-1,3,5-triazine
Guanidine, N-cyanoguanidino-
2-Cyanoguanidine
N-Cyano-N'-amidino-guanidine
N-Carbamoyl-N'-cyanoformamidine
Guanidine, N-cyanimidoyl-
4,6-Diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine
Guanidine, dicyano-
Amide, (aminoiminomethyl)-
NCN
Guanidine, 2-cyano-
N-Carbamoyl-N'-cyanoimidic acid
4,6-Diamino-s-triazine
Didroguanidin
Cyanoguanidin
N-Cyano-N'-amidinoguanidine
Dicyan
Guanidine, N'-cyano-
Guanidine, N-cyanomethylene-
Guanidine, dicyanoimid
Carbamidoformamidine
Cyanoguanidin
Dicyanimide
Dicyanoguanidine
Guanidine, dicyanamidine-
Amidinoformamidine
N-Carbamoyl-N'-cyanoimidic acid
Guanidine, N'-cyanoformamidine-
N-Carbamoylcyanoguanidine
Carbamoylformamidine
2-Cyanoamidinoimidazoline
Amidinoimidocarbonimidic diamide
4,6-Diamino-1,3,5-triazine-2-carbonitrile
Guanidine, N-cyano-N'-amidino-
Cyanoguanidinimid
Guanidine, dicyanamide, 2- (9CI)
N-Carbamimidoyl-N-cyanoformamidine
Guanidine, amidinocyano-
N-Carbamimidoyl-cyanoguanidine
Amidinoformamidine
2-Cyano-2-iminoacetamide
Amidinoformamidinium
N'-Cyanoformamidine
N-Carbamimidoyl-N-cyanoguanidine
Dicyanoguanidin
Dicyanamide
Cyanoguanidine, N-cyanoformamidinyl-
Guanidine, N'-cyano-N-amidino-
Guanidine, N-carbamoyl-N'-cyanoformamidine-
Dicyanimid
Amidinocyanoguanidine
Guanidine, N-cyanomethylene-N'-cyanoformamidine
Guanidine, dicyanoformamidine-
Amidinecyanoguanidine
N-Carbamoyl-N'-cyanoformamidine
2-Cyanoamidinoamidazoline
Amidinecyanoguanidine
Carbamoylaminomethylene dicyanide
Dicyanoformamidine
Guanidine, N-carbamoyl-N'-cyanoformamidine
N-Carbamoyl-N'-cyanoformamidin
Guanidine, N'-cyano-N-amidino-
Guanidine, N-cyano-N'-amidino-N-carbamoyl-
Amidinoformamidinium
Carbamoylaminomethylene dicyanide
Dicyanoformamidine

Dicyandiamide is a white crystalline powder.
Dicyandiamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula (NH2)2C=NH.
Dicyandiamide is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.


CAS Number: 461-58-5
EC Number: 207-312-8
MDL number: MFCD00008066
Linear Formula: NH2C(=NH)NHCN
Molecular Formula : C2H4N4


Dicyandiamide is a white crystal powder.
Dicyandiamide is soluble in water,alcohol,ethylene glycol and dimethylformamide,insoluble in ether and benzene.
Dicyandiamide is nonflammable.


Dicyandiamide is stable when dry.
Dicyandiamide is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of cyanoguanidine.
Dicyandiamide is the dimer of cyanamide or cyanoguanidine, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.


Dicyandiamide is an intermediate for melamine production and is the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
Commonly known as dicyandiamide, the white crystalline compound, Dicyandiamide, is the dimer for cyanamide or for cyanoguanidine.
Dicyandiamide crystals melt at 210° C, and are soluble in water and alcohol.


Dicyandiamide, also known as Cyanoguanidine, is a non-hazardous, non-volatile, white crystalline powder with the molecular formula of C2H4N4 and CAS number 461-58-5.
Dicyandiamide is a nitrogen-based molecule (66% by weight) with high reactivity that is used in a wide variety of applications across multiple industries.


Dicyandiamide is a nitrile derived from guanidine.
Dicyandiamide is a dimer of cyanamide, from which it can be prepared.
Dicyandiamide is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents.


Dicyandiamide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
Dicyandiamide is an organic compound with the chemical formula (NH2)2C=NH.


Dicyandiamide is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
Dicyandiamide is a white crystalline powder.
The solubility in water is 2.26% at 13 C, and the solubility in hot water is larger.


Ammonia gas is produced when the aqueous solution is gradually decomposed at 80 °c.
The solubility of anhydrous ethanol and ether in 13 degrees C, respectively, 1.26% and 0.01%.
Dicyandiamide is soluble in liquid ammonia, insoluble in benzene and chloroform.


Relative density of Dicyandiamide is (d254) 1.40.
Melting point of Dicyandiamide is 209.5 °c.
Dicyandiamide is white crystal powder.


Dicyandiamide is soluble in water,alcohol,ethylene glycol and dimethylformamide, insoluble in ether and benzene.
Dicyandiamide is nonflammable.
Dicyandiamide is stable when dry.


Dicyandiamide is stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse.
Dicyandiamide should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, and alkalis, avoiding mixed storage.
Dicyandiamide, abbreviation DICY or DCD, is a dimer of cyanamide and is also a cyano derivative of guanidine.


Chemical Formula of Dicyandiamide is C₂H₄N₄.
Dicyandiamide is white crystal powder, which soluble in water, alcohol, ethylene glycol and dimethyl formamide, almost insoluble in ether and benzene.
Dicyandiamide is nonflammable, stable when dry.


Dicyandiamide, abbreviated DICY or DCDA, which is also known as 2-Cyanoguanidine, is a alkaline, hydrophilic white crystalline compound.
Dicyandiamide is a dimer of cyanogen and a cyanogen derivative of guanidine.
The solubility of Dicyandiamide in water is 2.26% at 13℃, which is higher in hot water.


When aqueous solution is at 80℃, Dicyandiamide will decomposed gradually to produce ammonia.
The solubility in anhydrous ethanol is 1.2% at 13℃, which is soluble in liquid ammonia but insoluble in benzene and chloroform.
Dicyandiamide is a kind of White crystal. Relative density is 1.40. Melting point of Dicyandiamide is 209-212°C.


Dicyandiamide is soluble in water and alcohol, slightly insoluble in aether and benzene.
Dicyandiamide is Stable in dry condition.
Dicyandiamide is an intermediate for synthesis of medicines.


Dicyandiamide is produced from the polymerization of cyanamide in the presence of a base.
Dicyandiamide is typically pure white crystals, stable when dry and soluble in liquid ammonia.
Dicyandiamide is partly soluble in hot water.


Dicyandiamide is non-flammable.
Dicyandiamide is white prismatic crystalline powder.
Dicyandiamide is readily soluble in water, alcohol, and diethyl ether.


Dicyandiamide is soluble in Water (32g/L ) at 20°C
Dicyandiamide is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of cyanoguanidine.
Dicyandiamideis an intermediate for melamine production and is the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DICYANDIAMIDE:
Dicyandiamide is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Release to the environment of Dicyandiamide can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.


Other release to the environment of Dicyandiamide is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Dicyandiamide can be found in products with material based on: leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture).
Widespread uses by professional workers
Dicyandiamide is used in the following products: fertilisers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and adhesives and sealants.


Dicyandiamide is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, health services and scientific research and development.
Dicyandiamide is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles.
Other release to the environment of Dicyandiamide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Dicyandiamide is used in the following products: coating products, adhesives and sealants, laboratory chemicals, anti-freeze products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, fertilisers, leather treatment products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Release to the environment of Dicyandiamide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.


Dicyandiamide is used in the following products: leather treatment products, polymers, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Dicyandiamide is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Dicyandiamide is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur and chemicals.


Release to the environment of Dicyandiamide can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Dicyandiamidee can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Dicyandiamide is used as fertilizer, nitrocellulose stabilizer, rubber vulcanization accelerator, also used in the preparation of guanidine salt, melamine, barbituric acid, etc.
Dicyandiamide is also the raw material of melamine and the intermediate of synthetic medicine, pesticide and dye


Dicyandiamide, commonly known as dicyandiamide, is a latent curing agent that has long been used, and is widely used in coatings, single packaging adhesives, film adhesives, etc.
Dicyandiamide is white crystal, melting point 207~209 ℃, toxicity is small, but difficult to dissolve in epoxy resin.


It is reported that Dicyandiamide can be dissolved in epoxy resin with a solvent, but dicyandiamide is still mixed with epoxy resin after being pulverized, heated and mixed on a triple roll, or processed by an extruder.
Usually no accelerator mixture, the applicable period of more than half a year.


The curing mechanism of Dicyandiamide is more complex, in addition to four active hydrogen in the reaction, cyano also has reactivity.
In addition, dicyandiamide also has the role of catalytic curing agent.
For E-51 epoxy resin, the theoretical dosage of Dicyandiamide is 11g per g resin, while the actual dosage is 4~10G, especially for Solid epoxy resin.


Dicyandiamide is used epoxy resin curing agent, Starch paste additive, Synthetic detergent stabilizer, Dyestuff, etc.
Dicyandiamide is used in the production of melamine and other chemicals, as well as in the treatment of water and waste.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a flame retardant and a curing agent in the production of adhesives and coatings.


Dicyandiamide is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.
Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers, fireproofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.


Other uses for Dicyandiamide are in the manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, oil well-drilling muds, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs.
Dicyandiamide is called DCDA, CAS NO. is 461-58-5, it can be used to produce sewage decolorization agent, used as a fertilizer, cellulose nitrate stabilizers, rubber vulcanization accelerators, etc.


The big advantage of Dicyandiamide is that it is extremely reactive but nevertheless non-hazardous, and because of this it is used in a wide variety of applications.
The largest application field is as a synthetic component for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s), inter alia for the manufacture of the type II anti-diabetes drug Metformin.


Dicyandiamide is used as a raw material in forward-integrated intermediate products for the production of a diverse range of guanadine salts, guanamines and DCD based condensation products; used in air bags, water treatment, flame retardants, textiles, leather tanning and finishing, and pulp and paper finishing auxiliaries.


Dicyandiamide can be used to produce sewage decolorization agent, used as a fertilizer, cellulose nitrate stabilizers, rubber vulcanization accelerators, also used to make plastics, synthetic resins, synthetic varnish, cyanide compound, or a raw material for producing melanin, used for verification of cobalt, nickel, copper and palladium, organic synthesis , nitrocellulose stabilizer, hardener, detergent, vulcanization accelerator, resin synthesis.


Dicyandiamide is primarily used as raw material for active pharmaceutical ingredients production for making anti-diabetic drugs. Dicyandiamide is also used as a curing agent in epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards and adhesives.
Dicyandiamide is also used in production of organic chemicals, which include, water treatment chemicals, slow and controlled nitrogen release fertilizers, dye fixing agents, and pharmaceuticals.


Dicyandiamide is used as an intermediate in the production of fertilizers, flame retardants, coatings, and adhesives.
Dicyandiamide is primarily used in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which are used in production of metformin, a preferred drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.


Electronic grade Dicyandiamide is used as epoxy resin curing agent in copper cladding of electronic information industry, inner film of metal package in food and drink industry, super grade in noxious flame-retardant, plastic additives in package of foodstuff and intermediates in pharmaceutical industry.
Dicyandiamide is often used as a curing agent for epoxies and as a used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.


Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals, including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizer, pesticides, dye fixing, fire proofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.


Another popular use of Dicyandiamide (DICY) is as a flame retardant additive in the paper and textile industries.
Dicyandiamide can be used as a slow-release fertilizer.
Dicyandiamide also finds applications in the adhesive industry, powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.


Another major application field is the hot-curing of epoxy resins for industrial applications, and in recent years Dicyandiamide has a growing importance as a nitrogen stabiliser for agicultural fertilisers.
Dicyandiamide is used in the synthesis of barbiturates.


Dicyandiamide is used as a stabilizer of ammonium dinitramide melt.
Dicyandiamide is used as hardener.
Dicyandiamide is the dimer of cyanamide or cyanoguanidine, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.


Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers, fireproofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.
Dicyandiamide is also used as a slow fertilizer.


Formerly, Dicyandiamide was used as a fuel in some explosives
Dicyandiamide is used as a slow-release fertilizer.
In the adhesive industry, Dicyandiamide is used as a curing agent for epoxies.


Dicyandiamide is also used as a flame retardant additive in paper and textile industries.
Additional applications of Dicyandiamide include use in powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.


Dicyandiamide is also used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.
Dicyandiamide is used as fertilizer, nitrocellulose stabilizer, rubber vulcanization accelerator, also used in the preparation of guanidine salt, melamine, barbituric acid and so on.


-Applications of Dicyandiamide include:
*Flame retardant additive in timer, paper, and textile industries
*Slow/continuous release nitrogen fertilizer
*Hardener/curing agent in Epoxy resins
*Powder coatings
*Dielectric coatings
*Adhesives
*Water treatment chemicals
*Dye fixing
*Pharmaceutical applications
*Stabilizer compound for PVC flooring
*Floatation depressant in copper ores


-Fertilizer Applications of Dicyandiamide:
Dicyandiamide is used in fertilizer formulations as a slow/continuous release nitrogen source.
There are two major ways in which nitrogen is lost from soil – denitrification and leeching.
Denitrification is loss of nitrogen to the atmosphere.
Leeching is when nitrogen is washed from soil through rain or irrigation.
Dicy has been shown to prevent nitrogen loss through both leeching and de-nitrification in soil.
This helps reduce the negative effects of greenhouse gas emission such as nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching into waterways.



DICYANDIAMIDE FOR EPOXY LAMINATES:
Dicyandiamide, also known as cyanoguanidine, has long been used as a latent curing agent in powder coatings, adhesives and other fields.
Dicyandiamide can be stored at room temperature for up to 6 months after mixing with epoxy resin.
The curing mechanism of dicyandiamide is complex.

Besides the four hydrogens on dicyandiamide, the cyanogroup also has some reactivity.
When Dicyandiamide is used as curing agent of epoxy resin, the curing temperature is very high, generally between 150 ℃ and 170℃.
At this temperature, many devices and materials cannot be used because they cannot bear such temperature, or the curing temperature of one-component epoxy resin must be reduced due to the requirements of the production process.



DICYANDIAMIDE FOR WATER TREATMENT:
Dicyandiamide is white prismatic crystalline powder with a solubility of 2.26% in water at 13℃.
Dicyandiamide is easily soluble in hot water, and it will decompose slowly to produce ammonia when the aqueous solution is above 80℃.
Dicyandiamide is stable when dry, does not burn, low toxicity.

Dicyandiamide is also used in production of organic chemicals, which include, water treatment chemicals, slow and controlled nitrogen release fertilizers, dye fixing agents, and pharmaceuticals.
Dicyandiamide is used as an intermediate in the production of fertilizers, flame retardants, coatings, and adhesives.



APPLICATION METHOD OF DICYANDIAMIDE:
1. Dicyandiamide should be prepared for the water solution of 0.1% as concentration.
Dicyandiamide is better to use neutral and desalted water.
2. Dicyandiamide should be scattered evenly in the stirring water, and the dissolving can be accelerated by warming the water (below 60℃).
3. The most economical dosage can be determined based on a preliminary test.
The pH value of the water to be treated should be adjusted before the treatment.



PRODUCTION AND USE OF DICYANDIAMIDE
Dicyandiamide is produced by treating cyanamide with base. It is produced in soil by decomposition of cyanamide.
A variety of useful compounds are produced from Dicyandiamide, guanidines and melamine.
For example, acetoguanamine and benzoguanamine are prepared by condensation of cyanoguanidine with the nitrile:
(H2N)2C=NCN + RCN → (CNH2)2(CR)N3

Dicyandiamide is also used as a slow fertilizer.
Formerly, Dicyandiamide was used as a fuel in some explosives.
Dicyandiamide is used in the adhesive industry as a curing agent for epoxy resins.



CHEMISTRY OF DICYANDIAMIDE:
Two tautomeric forms exist, differing in the protonation and bonding of the nitrogen to which the nitrile group is attached.
Dicyandiamide can also exist in a zwitterionic form via a formal acid–base reaction among the nitrogens.
Loss of ammonia (NH3) from the zwitterionic form, followed by deprotonation of the remaining central nitrogen atom, gives the dicyanamide anion, [N(CN)2]−.
Dicyandiamide is used as an element of synthesis for production of plastics, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and technical chemicals.



ULTRA-FINE DICYANDIAMIDE:
Ultra-fine Dicyandiamide is primarily used for epoxy powder coatings, film adhesives, electronic potting, etc.
The ultra-fine particles have the storage stability of more than six months, which helps prevent settling and promotes uniform curing.
Epoxy systems cured with ultra-micronized dicyandiamide offer superior adhesion, making it a preferred option for adhesive formulations.
Furthermore, ultra-micronized dicyandiamide is compatible with all epoxy resins such as bisphenol A, novolac, etc. along with a varied range of pigments and fillers.
Moreover, ultra-micronized dicyandiamide is non-toxic.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DICYANDIAMIDE:
Appearance : Crystalline powder
Physical State : Solid
Solubility : Soluble in Water: 0.1 g/mL
Storage : Store at 4° C
Melting Point : 208-211° C (lit.)
Molecular Weight: 84.08
Melting Point: 208.0°C to 211.0°C
Color: White
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99.5%
Merck Index: 15, 3103
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: 32g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: 38g/L in methanol (20°C)
IUPAC Name: 2-cyanoguanidine
Formula Weight: 84.08
Percent Purity: 99.5%
Physical Form: Crystalline Powder
EINECS: 207-312-8

Density: 1.42 g/cm3
Melting Point: 208-211 `C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 229.8 `C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 92.8 `C
Solubility: 32 g/L (20 `C) in water
Appearance: white powder
Appearance: White Powder
Heating Loss ,% ≤: 0.3
Calcium Content ,%. ≤: 0.020
Solubility: Easy Dissolving in Water
Dicyandiamide Content ,% ≥: ≥99.5
Shelf Life: 12 Months
Safety: Harmless No-Flammable
EINECS: 207-312-8
Density: 1.42 g/cm3
Melting Point: 208-211 `C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 229.8 `C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 92.8 `C
Solubility: 32 g/L (20 `C) in water
Appearance: white powder

Physical state: solid
Color: colorless
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 208 - 211 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas):
The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 170 °C
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
Pow: 0,1; log Pow: -1 at 20 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.

Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,4 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Dissociation constant: 2,69 at 20 °C
Molecular Formula: C2H4N4
Molar Mass: 84.08
Density: 1.40
Melting Point: 208-211 °C (lit.)
Boling Point: 144.35°C (rough estimate)
Flash Point: 92.8°C
Water Solubility: 32 g/L (20 ºC)
Solubility: Soluble in Water: 0.1 g/mL
Vapor Presure: 0.001Pa at 20℃
Appearance: White powder
Color: White
Merck: 14,3092
BRN: 605637

pKa: 0.73±0.70(Predicted)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.
Sensitive: Easily absorbing moisture
Refractive Index: 1.6260 (estimate)
MDL: MFCD00008066
Melting Point: 209 to 212 degc
Ash: Max0.05%
Storage Temperature: +20 ° C
Molecular Weight: 84
Assay: Min99.5%
Calcium: Max200ppm
Moisture: Max0.3%
Appearance: White crystalline



FIRST AID MEASURES of DICYANDIAMIDE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DICYANDIAMIDE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DICYANDIAMIDE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DICYANDIAMIDE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DICYANDIAMIDE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DICYANDIAMIDE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Cyanoguanidine
DCD
DCDA
xb2879b
Pyroset DO
epicuredicy7
epicuredicy15
Dicyandiamide
Dicyanodiamide
Cyanoguanidine
2-Cyanoguanidine
N-Cyanoguanidine
1-Cyanoguanidine
Guanidine, cyano-
Guanidine-1-carbonitrile
diamino(cyanoiminio)methane
DCD, Cyanoguanidine
Dicyanodiamide
Guanidine, cyano-
Cyanoguanidine
Dicyanodiamide
N-Cyanoguanidine
Pyroset DO
1-Cyanoguanidine
2-Cyanoguanidine
Guanidine-1-carbonitrile
NCN=C(NH2)2
Dicyanediamide
Dicyandiamin
ACR-H 3636
Araldite HT 986
Araldite XB 2879B
Araldite XB 2979B
Bakelite VE 2560
Epicure DICY 15
Epicure DICY 7
Guanidine, N-cyano-
NSC 2031
XB 2879B
Cyanoguanidine
dicyanodiamide
N-cyanoguanidine
1-cyanoguanidine
Guanidine-1-carbonitrile
dicyandiamin
Didin
DCD
Dicy
2-Cyanoguanidine
DCD
cyano-(diaminomethylidene)azanium
XB 2879B
Dyhard 100S
Dyhard 100
Araldite HT 986
Ajicure AH 150
Epicure DICY 7
Epicure DICY
Amicure AH 162
H 3636S
Adeka HT 2844
N-Cyanoguanidine
2-Cyanoguanidine
Amicure CG 1400
Didin
Dicy 100S
Dicyanex 1400B
Dyhard 100SF
Dicyandiamido
Sodium Dicyandiamide
Bakelite VE 2560
Amicure CG 325
1-Cyanoguanidine
Guanidine,cyano-
Dicy
Dyhard RU 100
Dicyandiamid
DICYANDIAMIN
3,3-Diaminodenzidein
Dicyanex 200
Dicyanodiamide
N-Cyanoguanidine
1-Cyanoguanidine
2-Cyanoguanidine
CGNA
Dicyandiamide

DICYCLOHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE, N° CAS : 23386-52-9, Nom INCI : DICYCLOHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE, Nom chimique : Sodium 1,4-dicyclohexyl sulphonatosuccinate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 245-629-3. Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre. Sinergiste de mousse : Améliore la qualité de la mousse produite en augmentant une ou plusieurs des propriétés suivantes: volume, texture et / ou stabilité. Hydrotrope : Augmente la solubilité d'une substance qui est peu soluble dans l'eau.Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation

Dicyclohexylamine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclohexylamines.
Dicyclohexylamine has a fishy odor, typical for amines.
Dicyclohexylamine is an inhibitor of spermidine biosynthesis and aminopropyl transferases.


CAS Number: 101-83-7
EC Number: 202-980-7
MDL number: MFCD00011658
Linear Formula: (C6H11)2NH
Chemical formula: C12H23N


Dicyclohexylamine, also known as dicyclohexylammonium, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclohexylamines.
These are organic compounds containing a cyclohexylamine moiety, which consist of a cyclohexane ring attached to an amine group.
Dicyclohexylamine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans.


Dicyclohexylamine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclohexylamines.
These are organic compounds containing a cyclohexylamine moiety, which consist of a cyclohexane ring attached to an amine group.
Dicyclohexylamine has a fishy odor, typical for amines.


Dicyclohexylamine is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine is an organic base and a useful precursor to other chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine is a colorless liquid.


Dicyclohexylamine has a characteristic ammonical odor and tends to darken on standing.
Dicyclohexylamine with CAS No. 101-83-7 is an aliphatic amine.
Dicyclohexylamine is sparingly soluble in water (0.8 g/L).


Dicyclohexylamine is manufactured by reacting equimolar quantities of cyclohexanone and cyclohexylamine or cyclohexanone and ammonia.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as a solvent and in organic syntheses.
Dicyclohexylamine is reportedly used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of corrosion inhibitors, rubber vulcanization accelerators, textiles, and varnishes.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an aliphatic amine.
As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
Dicyclohexylamine is a primary aliphatic amine.


Dicyclohexylamine is a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine is slightly soluble in water.
Dicyclohexylamine may be sensitive to air.


Dicyclohexylamine is nonflammable.
Dicyclohexylamine, a secondary amine, is a colorless liquid with a fishy odor that can be used as a precursor to other chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine is a combustible, colorless liquid with a faint amine odor.


Dicyclohexylamine is strongly basic with reactive amine groups which readily form TV-substituted derivatives.
Dicyclohexylamine also forms salts with inorganic and organic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine will also form crystalline hydrates and alcoholates.


Dicyclohexylamine is a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine is less dense than water.
Dicyclohexylamine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Dicyclohexylamine is a primary aliphatic amine.
Dicyclohexylamine is a natural product found in Hordeum vulgare with data available.
Dicyclohexylamine is a secondary amine with the chemical formula HN(C6H11)2.


Dicyclohexylamine is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples can appear yellow.
Dicyclohexylamine has a fishy odor, typical for amines.
Dicyclohexylamine is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Dicyclohexylamine is used in the following products: metal working fluids.
Dicyclohexylamine is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products and machinery and vehicles.


Other release to the environment of Dicyclohexylamine is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Dicyclohexylamine can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.


Dicyclohexylamine is used in the following products: metal working fluids, heat transfer fluids, hydraulic fluids, lubricants and greases and polymers.
Dicyclohexylamine has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Dicyclohexylamine is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.


Dicyclohexylamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, fabricated metal products and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of Dicyclohexylamine can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in the production of articles.


Release to the environment of Dicyclohexylamine can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Dicyclohexylamine is widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
Dicyclohexylamine can be used to prepare dye intermediates, rubber accelerators, nitrocellulose lacquers, insecticides, catalysts, preservatives, gas phase corrosion inhibitors, and fuel antioxidant additives.


Dicyclohexylamine is also used as an extractant.
The fatty acid salts and sulfates of Dicyclohexylamine have the detergency properties of soaps used in the printing and dyeing and textile industries.
Dicyclohexylamine's metal complex is used as a catalyst for inks and paints.


Dicyclohexylamine is the raw material of food additive sweetener:
Dicyclohexylamine can be used to produce cyclohexylamine sulfonate and sodium cyclamate, which is a sweetener 30 times sweeter than sucrose.
The product name is cyclamate.


Dicyclohexylamine is used for the synthesis of desulfurizers, corrosion inhibitors, vulcanization promoters, emulsifiers, antistatic agents, latex coagulants, petroleum product additives, corrosion inhibitors, fungicides, pesticides, and so on.
Dicyclohexylamine can be used to make paints, varnishes, and detergents.


As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
One of the main uses is in the rubber industry where the Dicyclohexylamine is used as a vulcanization accelerator.
In lubricants and cutting fluids, Dicyclohexylamine does function as a corrosion inhibitor.


Other applications of Dicyclohexylamine are e.g. dyes (as of dye precursor) or use as a plasticizer.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as an intermediate for the production of antioxidants and vulcanization accelerator.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as a catalyst for flexible polyurethane foams.


Dicyclohexylamine is also used in agrochemicals and textile chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine is used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.
Dicyclohexylamine is used to make paints, varnishes, and detergents.


Dicyclohexylamine is used as a vulcanization accelerator.
In lubricants and cutting fluids it does function as a corrosion inhibitor.
Reagent for preparation of crystalline amino acid derivative salts.


Dicyclohexylamine was used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.
Dicyclohexylamine was used to develop a new palladium catalyst for Suzuki coupling reaction of aryl bromides with boronic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine was used as extractant in determination of gold(III) by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.


Dicyclohexylamine is used Industrial solvent; corrosion inhibitor.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.


Dicyclohexylamine is used mainly to manufacture corrosion inhibitors, paper and textile additives and vulcanization accelerators.
The numerous other applications of Dicyclohexylamine include oil additives, plasticizers and dye precursors.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as organic intermediate for the manufacture of dyes, pyroxyline varnish, insecticides, catalysts etc.


Dicyclohexylamine is used to make drugs, soaps, detergents, vapor-phase corrosion inhibitors, dyestuffs, emulsifying agents, and acid gas absorbents.
Dicyclohexylamine is also used in insecticides and as a plasticizer, antioxidant (rubber, lubricating oils, and fuels), catalyst (paints, varnishes, and inks), and extractant (natural products).


-Applications of Dicyclohexylamine:
Dicyclohexylamine has applications that are similar to those of cyclohexylamine, namely the production of:
*antioxidants in rubber and plastics
*vulcanization accelerators for rubber
*corrosion inhibitors in steam pipes and boilers
*agrochemicals
*textile chemicals
*catalysts for flexible polyurethane foams


-Industrial uses of Dicyclohexylamine:
Dicyclohexylamine is a widely used chemical intermediate.
Dicyclohexylamine can be used to absorb acidic gases, to preserve rubber latex, to plasticize casein, and to neutralize plant and insect poisons.
Metal complexes of Dicyclohexylamine are catalysts used in the paint, varnish, and ink industries.
Dicyclohexylamine salts of fatty acids and sulfuric acid have soap and detergent properties used in the printing and textile industries.
One of the most important uses of Dicyclohexylamine is as a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor.
Dicyclohexylamine is used to protect packaged or stored ferrous metals from atmospheric corrosion



SYNTHESIS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine, as a mixture with cyclohexylamine, is prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of aniline (phenylamine), with a catalyst of ruthenium and/or palladium.
This method produces mainly cyclohexylamine with little Dicyclohexylamine.
Better results have been reported when the catalyst is applied to a support of niobic acid and/or tantalic acid.
Dicyclohexylamine is also obtained by reductive amination of cyclohexanone with ammonia or cyclohexylamine.
Dicyclohexylamine may also be prepared by pressure hydrogenation of diphenylamine using a ruthenium catalyst, or by the reaction of cyclohexanone with cyclohexylamine in the presence of a palladium/carbon catalyst under a hydrogen pressure of about 4 mm Hg.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
*Dialkylamines
*Organopnictogen compounds
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
*Cyclohexylamine
*Secondary amine
*Secondary aliphatic amine
*Organopnictogen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Amine
*Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine is a combustible, colorless liquid with a faint amine odor.
Dicyclohexylamine is strongly basic with reactive amine groups which readily form TV-substituted derivatives.
Dicyclohexylamine also forms salts with inorganic and organic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine will also form crystalline hydrates and alcoholates.



PROPERTIES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine is a strongly basic, clear, colorless liquid amine.
Dicyclohexylamine has a characteristic amine odor and tends to darken on standing.
Dicyclohexylamine is readily miscible in common organic solvents, but is only slightly miscible in water.
Dicyclohexylamine is inflammable.
Specific wt. of Dicyclohexylamine is (d1515℃)0.913-0.919; freezing point: -0.1℃; refractive index: (nd23℃)1.4823; flash point: 210°W.



PRODUCTION METHODS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Several methods are employed for the manufacture of Dicyclohexylamine.
Dicyclohexylamine can be manufactured by hydrogenation of equimolar amounts of cyclohexanone and cyclohexylamine.
Alternatively, Dicyclohexylamine can be prepared by vapor phase catalytic hydrogenation of aniline at elevated temperature and pressure.
Fractionation of the crude reaction product yields cyclohexylamine, unreacted aniline, and a high boiling residue comprised of N-phenylcyclohexylamine and Dicyclohexylamine.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine reacts with oxidizing agents.
Dicyclohexylamine forms crystalline salts with many N-protected amino acids.
Dicyclohexylamine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
Dicyclohexylamine may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: -2 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 256 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point 96 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 255 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 11 at 1 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 0,8 g/l at 25 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: -0,4 at 25 °C
Vapor pressure: 16 hPa at 37,7 °C
Density: 0,91 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none

Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 7,26
Molecular Wt.: 181.32
Sp. Gr. at 20ºC: 0.91-0.92
Refractive Index at 20ºC: 1.483-1.485
Boiling Point: 256°C
Freezing Point: -1°C
Solubility in water: Sparingly soluble
Flash Point (closed cup): 98-103°C
Vapour Pressures
Pressure in mm of Hg Temperature in °C
40 148
100 176
300 213
760 256
Melting point: -2 °C
Boiling point: 256 °C
Density: 0.912 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 6 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 12 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)

refractive index: n20/D 1.4842(lit.)
Flash point: 205 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: organic solvents: soluble
form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 10.4(at 25℃)
color: White to off-white
Odor: amine odor
PH: 11 (1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 0.8-4.6%(V)
Water Solubility: 1 g/L (20 ºC)
Freezing Point: -2℃
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,3095
BRN: 605923
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-NLogP: 2.724 at 25℃
Molecular Weight: 181.32 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 181.183049738 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 181.183049738 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 12Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 116
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Melting Point: -2.0°C
Color: White
Density: 0.9100g/mL
Boiling Point: 256.0°C
Flash Point: 103°C

Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99% min. (GC)
Linear Formula: (C6H11)2NH
Refractive Index: 1.4832 to 1.4852
Quantity: 2.5 L
Beilstein: 12,6
Fieser: 01,231
Merck Index: 15,3106
Specific Gravity: 0.91
Solubility Information:
Solubility in water: 0.8g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: miscible with most common organic solvents
Viscosity: 7.4 mPa.s (20°C)
Formula Weight: 181.32
Percent Purity: 99+%
Physical Form: Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: Dicyclohexylamine
CAS number: 101-83-7
EC index number: 612-066-00-3
EC number: 202-980-7

Hill Formula: C₁₂H₂₃N
Chemical formula: (C₆H₁₁)₂NH
Molar Mass: 181.32 g/mol
HS Code: 2921 30 99
Boiling point: 256 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.91 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 0.8 - 4.6 %(V)
Flash point: 96 °C
Ignition temperature: 240 °C
Melting Point: -0.1 °C
pH value: 11 (1 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 16 hPa (37.7 °C)
Solubility: 1 g/l
Chemical formula: C12H23N
Molar mass: 181.323 g·mol−1
Appearance: Pale yellow liquid
Density: 0.912 g/cm3
Melting point: −0.1 °C (31.8 °F; 273.0 K)
Boiling point: 255.8 °C (492.4 °F; 529.0 K)
Solubility in water: 0.8 g/L

Boiling point, °C: 256
Flash point, °C: 96
Upper Explosive Limit, %: 4.6
Lower Explosive Limit, %: 0.8
Density, g.cm⁻³: 0.912
Ionisation Energy, eV: 8.5
Molecular Weight： 181.31800
Exact Mass: 181.32
EC Number： 202-980-7
UNII： 1A93RJW924
ICSC Number： 1339
NSC Number： 3399
UN Number： 2565
DSSTox ID： DTXSID6025018
Color/Form： COLORLESS LIQUID
HScode： 2921300090
PSA： 12.03000
XLogP3： 3.63230
Density： 0.9104 g/cm3 @ Temp: 25 °C
Melting Point： -0.1 °C

Boiling Point： 255.8 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Flash Point： 103ºC
Refractive Index： 1.4832-1.4852
Water Solubility: Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25°C: 0.08
Storage Conditions： Store at RT.
Vapor Pressure： 12 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)
Vapor Density： 6 (vs air)
Explosive limit： vol% in air: 0.9.9
Odor： FAINT FISHY ODOR
PH： STRONG BASE
Dissociation Constants： pKa = 10.4
Experimental Properties： READILY FORMS ADDUCTS WITH SOLVENTS
Air and Water Reactions：
Slightly soluble in water.
May be sensitive to air.
Reactive Group： Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines
Autoignition Temperature： 255 °C



FIRST AID MEASURES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Latex gloves
Minimum layer thickness: 0,6 mm
Break through time: 120 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
101-83-7
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
DCHA
Dicha
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
Dicyklohexylamin
N,N-Diclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
NSC 3399
CCRIS 6228
HSDB 4018
EINECS 202-980-7
UN2565
UNII-1A93RJW924
BRN 0605923
MLS002174250
CHEBI:34694
AI3-15334
1A93RJW924
NCGC00090955-03
SMR001224510
DCH
DTXSID6025018
NSC-3399
C12H23N
EC 202-980-7
4-12-00-00022 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID005018
CAS-101-83-7
dicydohexylamine
dicylohexylamine
dicylcohexylamine
Aminodicyclohexane
Cyclohexanamine, N -cyclohexyl-
di-cyclohexylamine
dicyclohexyl-amine
Dicyclohexyl amine
Sodium Cyclamate Imp. D (EP)
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Sodium Cyclamate Impurity D
bis-cyclohexylamine
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
Cy2NH
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyclohexylamine, 99%
Dicyclohexylamine, 99+%
DSSTox_CID_5018
SCHEMBL500
cid_7582
DSSTox_RID_77630
NCIOpen2_002862
DSSTox_GSID_25018
Oprea1_024913
N,N-DICYCLOHXYL-AMINE
MLS002152900
BIDD:ER0258
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [MI]
WLN: L6TJ AM-AL6TJ
Ciclohexanamina, N-ciclohexil-
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [HSDB]
CHEMBL1451838
BDBM74256
NSC3399
HMS3741I15
STR04129
Tox21_111044
Tox21_201771
Tox21_303097
BBL002970
LS-340
MFCD00011658
NA2565
STK379549
Dicyclohexylamine, analytical standard
AKOS000119059
Tox21_111044_1
UN 2565
NCGC00090955-01
NCGC00090955-02
NCGC00090955-04
NCGC00090955-05
NCGC00090955-06
NCGC00257081-01
NCGC00259320-01
Dicyclohexylamine [UN2565]
Dicyclohexylamine Dodecahydro diphenylamine
Dicyclohexylamine [UN2565]
D0435
FT-0624742
EN300-17273
A11830
AG-617/02036022
Q425368
J-000503
F2190-0312
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (SEE ALSO DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE NITRITE 3129-91-7)
InChI=1/C12H23N/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h11-13H,1-10H
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-, sulfate (1:1)
Dicyclohexylamine hydrochloride
Dicyclohexylamine nitrate
Dicyclohexylamine nitrite
Dicyclohexylamine phosphate (3:1)
Dicyclohexylamine sulfate
Dicyclohexylamine sulfate (1:1)
Dicyclohexylammonium
Aminodicyclohexane
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
D-CHA-T
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
NSC 3399
Dicyclohexylamin
N,N-Dicyclohexylamin
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamin
Dodecahydrodiphenylamin
DCHA
Aminodicyclohexane
Cyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
Dicyclohexylamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyklohexylamin
DCH
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
Dcha
Dicha
N,N-Diclohexylamine
Aminodicyclohexane
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
DCHA
N-cyclohexyl-Cyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
n,n-dicyclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyclohexylamin
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA)
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
(2S,4R)-4-(tert-butoxy)-1-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Dicha
Cyclohexanamine,N-cyclohexyl-
Dicyclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
Aminodicyclohexane
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
NSC 3399
D-CHA-T
111487-88-8
111487-93-5
111522-94-2
157973-63-2
856793-27-6
878781-89-6
N,N-dicyclohexylamine
dodecahydrodiphenylamine
N-cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
dicyklohexylamin
DCH
N-cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
N,N-diclohexylamine
Dcha
dicha
aminodicyclohexane
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
DCH
DCHA
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
N,N-Diclohexylamine
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine

DESCRIPTION:
Dicyclohexylamine is a secondary amine with the chemical formula HN(C6H11)2.
Dicyclohexylamine is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples can appear yellow.
Dicyclohexylamine has a fishy odor, typical for amines.

CAS Number: 101-83-7
EC Number: 202-980-7

Dicyclohexylamine is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.


Dicyclohexylamine appears as a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine is Less dense than water.
Dicyclohexylamine May be toxic by ingestion.

Dicyclohexylamine Severely irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
Dicyclohexylamine is Used to make paints, varnishes and detergents.

Dicyclohexylamine is a primary aliphatic amine.
Dicyclohexylamine is a natural product found in Hordeum vulgare with data available.


Dicyclohexylamine has a fishy odor, typical for amines.
Dicyclohexylamine is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine is an organic base and a useful precursor to other chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine can be used to make paints, varnishes and detergents.

Dicyclohexylamine is a colorless liquid.
Dicyclohexylamine has a characteristic ammonical odor and tends to darken on standing.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as an intermediate for the production of antioxidants and vulcanization accelerator.

Dicyclohexylamine is used as a catalyst for flexible polyurethane foams.
Dicyclohexylamine is also used in agrochemicals and textile chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine is Used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) with CAS No. 101-83-7 is an aliphatic amine.
As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
One of the main uses is in the rubber industry where the DCHA Dicyclohexylamine is used as a vulcanization accelerator.

In lubricants and cutting fluids Dicyclohexylamine does function as a corrosion inhibitor.
Here it should be mentioned that Dicyclohexylamine does not form Nitrosamines when being used.
Other applications of DCHA Dicyclohexylamine are in e.g dyes (as of dye precursor) or the use as a plasticizer.


Dicyclohexylamine is a strongly basic, clear, colorless liquid amine.
The material has a characteristic amine odor and tends to darken on standing. Dicyclohexylamine is readily miscible in common organic solvents, but is only slightly miscible in water.
Dicyclohexylamine is inflammable, highly toxic. Specific wt.(d1515℃)0.913-0.919; freezing point: -0.1℃; refractive index: (nd23℃)1.4823; flash point: 210°W.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants and cutting fluids.
Amines are added to the lubricant and fluid emulsions to act as a pH stabilizer and keep the pH high DHCA has the benefit that it does not form nitrosamines when being used.


Dicyclohexylamine is a primary aliphatic amine with chemical formula C12H23N.
Dicyclohexylamine appears as a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.






SYNTHESIS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine, as a mixture with cyclohexylamine, is prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of aniline (phenylamine), with a catalyst of ruthenium and/or palladium.
This method produces mainly cyclohexylamine with little dicyclohexylamine.
Better results have been reported when the catalyst is applied to a support of niobic acid and/or tantalic acid.

Dicyclohexylamine is also obtained by reductive amination of cyclohexanone with ammonia or cyclohexylamine.
Dicyclohexylamine may also be prepared by pressure hydrogenation of diphenylamine using a ruthenium catalyst, or by the reaction of cyclohexanone with cyclohexylamine in the presence of a palladium/carbon catalyst under a hydrogen pressure of about 4 mm Hg.



APPLICATIONS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Dicyclohexylamine has applications that are similar to those of cyclohexylamine, namely the production of:
• antioxidants in rubber and plastics
• vulcanization accelerators for rubber
• corrosion inhibitors in steam pipes and boilers
• agrochemicals
• textile chemicals
• catalysts for flexible polyurethane foams

Dicyclohexylamine was used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry
Dicyclohexylamine was used to develop a new palladium catalyst for Suzuki coupling reaction of aryl bromides with boronic acids
Dicyclohexylamine was used as extractant in determination of gold(III) by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry


Dicyclohexylamine is used as an intermediate for the production of antioxidants and vulcanization accelerator.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as a catalyst for flexible polyurethane foams.
Dicyclohexylamine is also used in agrochemicals and textile chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine is Used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.


Dicyclohexylamine is used mainly to manufacture corrosion inhibitors, paper and textile additives and vulcanization accelerators.
The numerous other applications of Dicyclohexylamine include oil additives, plasticizers and dye precursors.
Dicyclohexylamine is used as organic intermediate for the manufacture of dyes, pyroxyline varnish, insecticides, catalysts etc.



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product







CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
Chemical formula C12H23N
Molar mass 181.323 g•mol−1
Appearance Pale yellow liquid
Density 0.912 g/cm3
Melting point −0.1 °C (31.8 °F; 273.0 K)
Boiling point 255.8 °C (492.4 °F; 529.0 K)
Solubility in water 0.8 g/L
Molecular Weight 181.32 g/mol
XLogP3-AA 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 1
Rotatable Bond Count 2
Exact Mass 181.183049738 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 181.183049738 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 12Ų
Heavy Atom Count 13
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 116
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
CAS number 101-83-7
EC index number 612-066-00-3
EC number 202-980-7
Hill Formula C₁₂H₂₃N
Chemical formula (C₆H₁₁)₂NH
Molar Mass 181.32 g/mol
HS Code 2921 30 11
Boiling point 256 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 0.91 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 0.8 - 4.6 %(V)
Flash point 96 °C
Ignition temperature 240 °C
Melting Point -0.1 °C
pH value 11 (1 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 16 hPa (37.7 °C)
Solubility 1 g/l
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.911 - 0.914
Water (K. F.) ≤ 0.30 %
Identity (IR) passes test
Empirical Formula C12H23N
Molecular Wt. 181.32
Sp. Gr. at 20ºC 0.91-0.92
Refractive Index at 20ºC 1.483-1.485
Boiling Point 256°C
Freezing Point -1°C
Solubility in water Sparingly soluble
Flash Point (closed cup) 98-103°C
Appearance (Clarity) Clear
Appearance (Colour) Colourless
Appearance (Form) Liquid
Assay (GC) min. 99%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C 0.910-0.912
Refractive Index (20°C) 1.484-1.485
Water (KF) max. 0.1%
Dicyclohexylamine 99.5429 %
Moisture 0.0200 %
Chromaticity 15 Hz
Aniline 0.0000
Cyclohexylamine 0.0181 %
Cyclohexanol 0.0140 %
Cyclohexane 0.0000 %








SYNONYMS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE:
cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-, sulfate (1:1)
dicyclohexylamine
dicyclohexylamine hydrochloride
dicyclohexylamine nitrate
dicyclohexylamine nitrite
dicyclohexylamine phosphate (3:1)
dicyclohexylamine sulfate
dicyclohexylamine sulfate (1:1)
dicyclohexylammonium
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
101-83-7
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
DCHA
Dicha
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
Dicyklohexylamin
N,N-Diclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
Dicyklohexylamin [Czech]
NSC 3399
CCRIS 6228
HSDB 4018
EINECS 202-980-7
UN2565
UNII-1A93RJW924
BRN 0605923
MLS002174250
CHEBI:34694
AI3-15334
1A93RJW924
NCGC00090955-03
SMR001224510
DCH
DTXSID6025018
NSC-3399
C12H23N
EC 202-980-7
4-12-00-00022 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID005018
CAS-101-83-7
dicydohexylamine
dicylohexylamine
dicylcohexylamine
Aminodicyclohexane
Cyclohexanamine, N -cyclohexyl-
di-cyclohexylamine
dicyclohexyl-amine
Dicyclohexyl amine
Sodium Cyclamate Imp. D (EP); N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine; Sodium Cyclamate Impurity D
bis-cyclohexylamine
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
Cy2NH
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyclohexylamine, 99%
Dicyclohexylamine, 99+%
DSSTox_CID_5018
SCHEMBL500
cid_7582
DSSTox_RID_77630
NCIOpen2_002862
DSSTox_GSID_25018
Oprea1_024913
N,N-DICYCLOHXYL-AMINE
MLS002152900
BIDD:ER0258
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [MI]
WLN: L6TJ AM-AL6TJ
Ciclohexanamina, N-ciclohexil-
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [HSDB]
CHEMBL1451838
BDBM74256
NSC3399
HMS3741I15
STR04129
Tox21_111044
Tox21_201771
Tox21_303097
BBL002970
LS-340
MFCD00011658
NA2565
STK379549
Dicyclohexylamine, analytical standard
AKOS000119059
Tox21_111044_1
UN 2565
NCGC00090955-01
NCGC00090955-02
NCGC00090955-04
NCGC00090955-05
NCGC00090955-06
NCGC00257081-01
NCGC00259320-01
Dicyclohexylamine [UN2565] [Corrosive]
Dicyclohexylamine Dodecahydro diphenylamine
Dicyclohexylamine [UN2565] [Corrosive]
D0435
FT-0624742
EN300-17273
A11830
AG-617/02036022
Q425368
J-000503
F2190-0312
Sodium Cyclamate Imp. D (EP): N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (SEE ALSO DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE NITRITE 3129-91-7)
InChI=1/C12H23N/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h11-13H,1-10H
AMINODICYCLOHEXANE
BIS(CYCLOHEXYL)AMINE
DCHA
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
DODECAHYDRODIPHENYLAMINE
N,N-DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
N-CYCLOHEXANAMINE
N-CYCLOHEXYLCYCLOHEXANAMIDE
N-CYCLOHEXYLCYCLOHEXANAMINE
PERHYDRODIPHENYLAMINE
101-83-7 [RN]
1A93RJW924
202-980-7 [EINECS]
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl- [ACD/Index Name]
Dicyclohexylamine [Wiki]
HY4025000
MFCD00011658 [MDL number]
N,N-DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine [ACD/IUPAC Name]
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
122-39-4 [RN]
4-12-00-00022 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein]
Aminodicyclohexane
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
DCH
DCHA
Dicha
Dicyclohexyl-amine
Dicyclohexylamine;Dodecahydro diphenylamine
dicyclohexylammonium
Dicyklohexylamin
Dodecahydro diphenylamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
dodecahydrophenylamine
N, N-Dicyclohexylamine
N,N-Diclohexylamine
N,N-DICYCLOHXYL-AMINE
NCGC00090955-03
n-cyclohexanamine
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
Oprea1_024913
perhydrodiphenylamine
ST5207418
STR04129
UN 2565
UNII-1A93RJW924
WLN: L6TJ AM-AL6TJ

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) with CAS No. 101-83-7 is an aliphatic amine.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) appears as a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a primary aliphatic amine.


CAS Number: 101-83-7
EC Number: 202-980-7
MDL number: MFCD00011658
Linear Formula: (C6H11)2NH
Chemical formula: C12H23N


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) appears as a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is less dense than water.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used to make paints, varnishes and detergents.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a primary aliphatic amine.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a natural product found in Hordeum vulgare with data available.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a secondary amine with the chemical formula HN(C6H11)2.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples can appear yellow.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has a fishy odor, typical for amines.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is sparingly soluble in water.


As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) may also be prepared by pressure hydrogenation of diphenylamine using a ruthenium catalyst, or by the reaction of cyclohexanone with cyclohexylamine in the presence of a palladium/carbon catalyst under a hydrogen pressure of about 4 mm Hg.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) with CAS No. 101-83-7 is an aliphatic amine.
Other applications of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) are in e.g dyes (as of dye precursor) or the use as a plasticizer.
Connect Chemicals does have its own REACh registration for Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) so that supplies in Europe are fully compliant.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has a fishy odor, typical for amines.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an organic base and a useful precursor to other chemicals.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has a characteristic ammonical odor and tends to darken on standing.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an aliphatic amine.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a primary aliphatic amine.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is less dense than water.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is non flammable.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a secondary amine with the chemical formula HN(C6H11)2.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a secondary amine with the chemical formula HN(C6H11)2.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a strongly basic, clear, colorless liquid amine.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has a characteristic amine odor and tends to darken on standing.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is readily miscible in common organic solvents, but is only slightly miscible in water.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is inflammable.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA), more commonly recognized as DCHA, stands as an exceptional cyclic secondary amine that has evolved to become an essential foundation in a myriad of organic synthesis operations.


Displaying itself as a transparent to yellow liquid, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) permeates an unmistakable amine-based scent.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a clear, colorless liquid that belongs to the amine family of organic compounds.
The Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) Market has been witnessing significant growth in recent years, and this trend is expected to continue in the future.


The increasing demand for specialty chemicals and the growing pharmaceutical industry are the major drivers for market growth.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA)’s diverse range of applications in these industries, including its use as a catalyst, solvent, or raw material, contributes to its market expansion.


Additionally, the rising investment in research and development activities for the development of new drugs and specialty chemicals is anticipated to boost the demand for Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).
Moreover, the growing focus on sustainable and eco-friendly processes is leading to the replacement of traditional chemicals with Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) due to its low toxicity and environmental impact.


Geographically, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to dominate the Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) Market during the forecasted period.
The region’s rapidly expanding pharmaceutical industry, supported by the presence of key market players and increasing investments in infrastructure development, is driving the demand for Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).


Furthermore, the growing population and urbanization in emerging economies like China and India are also contributing to market growth.
Overall, the Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) Market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of % during the forecasted period.
Factors such as the increasing demand for specialty chemicals, the growth of the pharmaceutical industry, and the shift towards sustainable practices are expected to propel the market forward.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless to pale yellow transparent oily liquid.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has a slight smell of ammonia.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is slightly soluble in water, Miscible with organic solvents.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) exhibits its usefulness across diverse sectors such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals among others.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA)'s salient features owe to the unique properties it bears.
DCHA is a colorless clear liquid with strong alkalinity and harsh amine odor.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is inflammable.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be dissolved in water and organics.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless transparent oily liquid with a faint odor of ammonia.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is slightly soluble in water and can be mixed with organic solvents.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA)can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a vulcanization accelerator.
In lubricants and cutting fluids Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does function as a corrosion inhibitor.


Here it should be mentioned that Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does not form Nitrosamines when being used.
Reagent for preparation of crystalline amino acid derivative salts.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) was used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) was used to develop a new palladium catalyst for Suzuki coupling reaction of aryl bromides with boronic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) was used as extractant in determination of gold(III) by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is manufactured by reacting equimolar quantities of cyclohexanone and cyclohexylamine or cyclohexanone and ammonia.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a solvent and in organic syntheses.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is reportedly used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of corrosion inhibitors, rubber vulcanization accelerators, textiles, and varnishes.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an aliphatic amine.
As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a vulcanization accelerator.


In lubricants and cutting fluids Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does function as a corrosion inhibitor.
Here it should be mentioned that Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does not form Nitrosamines when being used.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants and cutting fluids.


Amines are added to the lubricant and fluid emulsions to act as a pH stabilizer and keep the pH high Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has the benefit that it does not form nitrosamines when being used.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be used to make paints, varnishes and detergents.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has applications that are similar to those of cyclohexylamine, namely the production of: antioxidants in rubber and plastics, vulcanization accelerators for rubber, corrosion inhibitors in steam pipes and boilers, agrochemicals, textile chemicals, and catalysts for flexible polyurethane foams.


As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
One of the main uses is in the rubber industry where the Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a vulcanization accelerator.
In lubricants and cutting fluids Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does function as a corrosion inhibitor.


Here it should be mentioned that Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does not form Nitrosamines when being used.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) salts of fatty acids and sulfuric acid have soap and detergent properties useful to the printing and textile industries.
Metal complexes of DI-CHA are used as catalysts in the paint, varnish, the ink industries.


Several vapor-phase corrosion inhibitors are solid DI-CHA derivatives.
These compounds are slightly volatile at normal temperatures and are used to protect packaged or stored ferrous metals from atmospheric corrosion.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is also used for a number of other purposes: plasticizers, insecticidal formulations; antioxidant in lubricating oils, fuels, and rubber; and as an extractant.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used industrial solvent; corrosion inhibitor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used to make paints, varnishes and detergents.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used mainly to manufacture corrosion inhibitors, paper and textile additives and vulcanization accelerators.


The numerous other applications of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) include oil additives, plasticizers and dye precursors.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as organic intermediate for the manufacture of dyes, pyroxyline varnish, insecticides, catalysts etc.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used antioxidants in rubber and plastics, vulcanization accelerators for rubber, corrosion inhibitors in steam pipes and boilers, textile chemicals, catalysts for flexible polyurethane foams, corrosion inhibitor in lubricants and cutting fluids.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has the benefit that it does not form nitrosamines when being used.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Agricultural Chemicals, Chemical Synthesis, Corrosion Inhibitors, Flame Retardants, Industrial Chemicals, Plastic, Resin & Rubber, Polyurethane coatings, Polyurethane foams, Textile Auxiliaries, Accelerators, Antioxidants, Catalysts.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as an intermediate for the production of antioxidants and vulcanization accelerator.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a catalyst for flexible polyurethane foams.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is also used in agrochemicals and textile chemicals.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used in organic synthesis, also used as pesticides, acid gas absorbers and steel rust inhibitor.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as natural products, synthetic organic extractants, acid gas absorbents.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a specialty chemical intermediate and has a number of uses in various industries ranging from automotive, oil, petrochemicals and energy to plastics, polymers, and water treatment.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and other specialty chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is known for its high stability, low volatility, and compatibility with a wide range of substances, making it a preferred choice in various industrial applications.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Preparation of dyes intermediate.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Rubber accelerator, nitro fiber paint.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Nitro fiber paint.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Pesticides, catalysts, preservatives.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Vapor phase inhibitor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used Fuel antioxidant additives.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used in organic synthesis and as pesticides, acid gas absorbent, steel anti-rust agents etc.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used in synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as organic intermediate for the manufacture of dyes, pyroxyline varnish, insecticides, catalysts etc.


Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a catalyst for paints, varnishes and inks.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is also used to produce corrosion inhibitors, textile and paper additives and vulcanization accelerators.



INDUSTRIAL USES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a widely used chemical intermediate.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be used to absorb acidic gases, to preserve rubber latex, to plasticize casein, and to neutralize plant and insect poisons.
Metal complexes of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) are catalysts used in the paint, varnish, and ink industries.

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) salts of fatty acids and sulfuric acid have soap and detergent properties used in the printing and textile industries.
One of the most important uses of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is as a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used to protect packaged or stored ferrous metals from atmospheric corrosion



FEATURES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
*Purity: Astoundingly high, peaking at 99%
*Stability: Composed to endure with a comprehensive shelf life
*Reactivity: Maintains an inert stance against a variety of laboratory reagents
*Soluble: Dissolves easily in a broad spectrum of organic solvents
*Boiling Point: Structured to support high-temperature reactions



DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA) - MARKET:
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA), an aliphatic amine, is a versatile intermediate with an wide range of applications.
The market is mainly driven by the significant applications of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) in various end use industries.

The expanding demands from the Dyes, Rubber Accelerator, Pestcide and Others, are propelling Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) market.
98% Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA), one of the segments analysed in this report, is projected to record % CAGR and reach US$ million by the end of the analysis period.
Growth in the 99% Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) segment is estimated at % CAGR for the next seven-year period.

Asia Pacific shows high growth potential for Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) market, driven by demand from China, the second largest economy with some signs of stabilising, the Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) market in China is forecast to reach US$ million by 2029, trailing a CAGR of % over the 2023-2029 period, while the U.S. market will reach US$ million by 2029, exhibiting a CAGR of % during the same period.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is strongly basic with reactive amine groups which readily form TV-substituted derivatives.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) also forms salts with inorganic and organic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) will also form crystalline hydrates and alcoholates.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a combustible, colorless liquid with a faint amine odor.



SYNTHESIS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA), as a mixture with cyclohexylamine, is prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of aniline (phenylamine), with a catalyst of ruthenium and/or palladium.
This method produces mainly cyclohexylamine with little Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).
Better results have been reported when the catalyst is applied to a support of niobic acid and/or tantalic acid.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is also obtained by reductive amination of cyclohexanone with ammonia or cyclohexylamine.



METABOLISM OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
The extensive use of cyclamates as artificial sweeteners a number of years ago led to extensive study on the metabolism and carcinogenicity of cyclohexylamine, a metabolic product of cyclamate.
However, there is little such information available concerning Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).

Filov (1968) investigated the metabolism of cyclohexylamine and Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).
Both amines were readily absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract.
In addition, they rapidly entered the bloodstream following inhalation and penetrated intact skin.



PRODUCTION METHODS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Several methods are employed for the manufacture of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be manufactured by hydrogenation of equimolar amounts of cyclohexanone and cyclohexylamine.
Alternatively, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be prepared by vapor phase catalytic hydrogenation of aniline at elevated temperature and pressure.
Fractionation of the crude reaction product yields cyclohexylamine, unreacted aniline, and a high boiling residue comprised of N-phenylcyclohexylamine and Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).



AIR AND WATER RECTIONS OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is slightly soluble in water.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) may be sensitive to air.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) reacts with oxidizing agents.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) forms crystalline salts with many N-protected amino acids .
Neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.



DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA) MARKET ANALYSIS AND LATEST TRENDS:
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH2)6NH.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid with a strong ammonia-like odor and is soluble in organic solvents but immiscible with water.

The Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) Market is expected to witness significant growth during the forecast period.
The market of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is driven by the increasing demand for corrosion inhibitors in various end-use industries such as oil & gas, petrochemicals, and power generation.

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as an effective corrosion inhibitor in these industries to protect metal equipment and structures from deterioration caused by corrosion.

Moreover, the growing demand for rubber accelerators, mainly in the automotive industry, is further fueling the market growth.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an important component in the production of rubber accelerators, which are used to improve the processing and performance characteristics of rubber in various applications, including tires and automotive components.

Furthermore, the rising focus on sustainable development and environmental regulations is driving the demand for bio-based and eco-friendly chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) derived from bio-based sources is gaining popularity in the market due to its lower environmental impact.
This trend is expected to drive the growth of the market during the forecast period.

In conclusion, the Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) Market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.3% during the forecast period.
The market of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is driven by the increasing demand for corrosion inhibitors, rubber accelerators, and the shift towards bio-based chemicals.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
Molecular Weight: 181.32 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 181.183049738 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 181.183049738 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 12Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 116
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS number: 101-83-7
EC index number: 612-066-00-3
EC number: 202-980-7
Hill Formula: C₁₂H₂₃N
Chemical formula: (C₆H₁₁)₂NH
Molar Mass: 181.32 g/mol
HS Code: 2921 30 11
Boiling point: 256 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.91 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 0.8 - 4.6 %(V)

Flash point: 96 °C
Ignition temperature: 240 °C
Melting Point: -0.1 °C
pH value: 11 (1 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 16 hPa (37.7 °C)
Solubility: 1 g/l
Chemical formula: C12H23N
Molar mass: 181.323 g·mol−1
Appearance: Pale yellow liquid
Density: 0.912 g/cm3
Melting point: −0.1 °C (31.8 °F; 273.0 K)
Boiling point: 255.8 °C (492.4 °F; 529.0 K)
Solubility in water: 0.8 g/L
Formula: C12H23N

CAS No.: 101-83-7
EC No.: 202-980-7
Empirical Formula: C12H23N
Molecular Wt.: 181.32
Sp. Gr.: at 20ºC 0.91-0.92
Refractive Index at 20ºC: 1.483-1.485
Boiling Point: 256°C
Freezing Point: -1°C
Solubility in water: Sparingly soluble
Flash Point (closed cup): 98-103°C
Vapour Pressures:
Pressure in mm of Hg Temperature in °C
40 148
100 176
300 213
760 256

CBNumber:CB6852609
Molecular Formula:C12H23N
Molecular Weight:181.32
MDL Number:MFCD00011658
MOL File:101-83-7.mol
Melting point: -2 °C
Boiling point: 256 °C
Density: 0.912 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 6 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 12 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.4842(lit.)
Flash point: 205 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: organic solvents: soluble

form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 10.4(at 25℃)
color: White to off-white
Odor: amine odor
PH: 11 (1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 0.8-4.6%(V)
Water Solubility: 1 g/L (20 ºC)
FreezingPoint: -2℃
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,3095
BRN: 605923
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 2.724 at 25℃

Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
CAS DataBase Reference: 101-83-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: 1A93RJW924
NIST Chemistry Reference: Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-(101-83-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: Dicyclohexylamine (101-83-7)
Melting Point: -2.0°C
Color: White
Density: 0.9100g/mL
Boiling Point: 256.0°C
Flash Point: 103°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99% min. (GC)

Linear Formula: (C6H11)2NH
Refractive Index: 1.4832 to 1.4852
Beilstein: 12,6
Fieser: 01,231
Merck Index: 15,3106
Specific Gravity: 0.91
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: 0.8g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: miscible with most common organic solvents
Viscosity: 7.4 mPa.s (20°C)
Formula Weight: 181.32
Percent Purity: 99+%
Physical Form: Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: Dicyclohexylamine



FIRST AID MEASURES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Latex gloves
Minimum layer thickness: 0,6 mm
Break through time: 120 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE
101-83-7
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
DCHA
Dicha
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
Dicyklohexylamin
N,N-Diclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
NSC 3399
MLS002174250
CHEBI:34694
1A93RJW924
NCGC00090955-03
SMR001224510
DCH
DTXSID6025018
NSC-3399
Dicyklohexylamin [Czech]
DTXCID005018
CCRIS 6228
HSDB 4018
EINECS 202-980-7
UN2565
CAS-101-83-7
UNII-1A93RJW924
BRN 0605923
AI3-15334
dicydohexylamine
dicylohexylamine
dicylcohexylamine
Aminodicyclohexane
di-cyclohexylamine
dicyclohexyl-amine
Dicyclohexyl amine
Sodium Cyclamate Imp. D (EP)
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Sodium Cyclamate Impurity D
bis-cyclohexylamine
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
Cy2NH
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyclohexylamine, 99%
SCHEMBL500
EC 202-980-7
cid_7582
NCIOpen2_002862
Oprea1_024913
N,N-DICYCLOHXYL-AMINE
4-12-00-00022 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS002152900
BIDD:ER0258
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [MI]
WLN: L6TJ AM-AL6TJ
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [HSDB]
CHEMBL1451838
BDBM74256
NSC3399
HMS3741I15
STR04129
Tox21_111044
Tox21_201771
Tox21_303097
MFCD00011658
Dicyclohexylamine, analytical standard
AKOS000119059
Tox21_111044_1
UN 2565
NCGC00090955-01
NCGC00090955-02
NCGC00090955-04
NCGC00090955-05
NCGC00090955-06
NCGC00257081-01
NCGC00259320-01
Dicyclohexylamine Dodecahydro diphenylamine
Dicyclohexylamine [UN2565]
D0435
FT-0624742
EN300-17273
A11830
AG-617/02036022
Q425368
J-000503
F2190-0312
InChI=1/C12H23N/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h11-13H,1-10H
Dicyclohexylamin
N,N-Dicyclohexylamin
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamin
Dodecahydrodiphenylamin
DCHA
Aminodicyclohexane
Cyclohexanamine
DCHA
N-cyclohexyl-Cyclohexanamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-
n,n-dicyclohexylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyclohexylamin;DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (DCHA)
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
(2S,4R)-4-(tert-butoxy)-1-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Dicha
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-Dicyclohexylamine
Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
N,N-Dicyclohexylamine
Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine
Dicyklohexylamin
DCH
N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine
Dcha
Dicha
N,N-Diclohexylamine
Aminodicyclohexane
Bis(cyclohexyl)amine
DCHA
Aminodicyclohexane
di-cyclohexylamine
Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a secondary amine with the chemical formula HN(C6H11)2.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples can appear yellow.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has a fishy odor, typical for amines.

CAS: 101-83-7
MF: C12H23N
MW: 181.32
EINECS: 202-980-7

Synonyms
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE;DCHA;DODECAHYDRODIPHENYLAMINE;AURORA KA-7610;Dicyclohexylamin;CYCLOHEXANAMINE,N-CYCLOHEXY;DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (SEE 2560);DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE, 99% (SEE 2551);DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE;N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine;101-83-7;Cyclohexanamine, N-cyclohexyl-;DCHA;Dicha;N,N-Dicyclohexylamine;Dodecahydrodiphenylamine
;Dicyklohexylamin;N,N-Diclohexylamine;N-Cyclohexyl-cyclohexylamine;NSC 3399;MLS002174250;CHEBI:34694;1A93RJW924;NCGC00090955-03;SMR001224510;DCH;DTXSID6025018;NSC-3399;Dicyklohexylamin [Czech];DTXCID005018;CCRIS 6228;HSDB 4018;EINECS 202-980-7;UN2565;CAS-101-83-7;UNII-1A93RJW924;BRN 0605923;AI3-15334;dicydohexylamine;dicylohexylamine;dicylcohexylamine;Aminodicyclohexane;di-cyclohexylamine;dicyclohexyl-amine;Dicyclohexyl amine;Sodium Cyclamate Imp. D (EP); N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine; Sodium Cyclamate Impurity D;bis-cyclohexylamine;Bis(cyclohexyl)amine;Cy2NH;Cyclohexylcyclohexanamine;Dicyclohexylamine, 99%;SCHEMBL500;EC 202-980-7;cid_7582;NCIOpen2_002862;Oprea1_024913;N,N-DICYCLOHXYL-AMINE;4-12-00-00022 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);MLS002152900;BIDD:ER0258;DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE [MI];WLN: L6TJ AM-AL6TJ
;DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE[HSDB];CHEMBL1451838;BDBM74256;NSC3399;HMS3741I15;STR04129;Tox21_111044;Tox21_201771;Tox21_303097;MFCD00011658;Dicyclohexylamine, analytical standard;AKOS000119059;Tox21_111044_1
;UN 2565;NCGC00090955-01;NCGC00090955-02;NCGC00090955-04;NCGC00090955-05;NCGC00090955-06;NCGC00257081-01;NCGC00259320-01;Dicyclohexylamine Dodecahydro diphenylamine;Dicyclohexylamine [UN2565] [Corrosive];D0435;NS00011452;EN300-17273;A11830;AG-617/02036022;Q425368;J-000503;F2190-0312;InChI=1/C12H23N/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h11-13H,1-10H

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is sparingly soluble in water.
As an amine, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an organic base and useful precursor to other chemicals.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) appears as a colorless liquid with a faint fishlike odor.
Less dense than water.
May be toxic by ingestion.
Severely irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
Used to make paints, varnishes and detergents.

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFSA) scavenger that inhibits HIV infection by blocking the reaction solution.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a by-product of the industrial production of solanum tuberosum, and has been shown to inhibit plant enzyme activity.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of enzymes such as phosphodiesterase, lipases, and proteases in detergent compositions.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) also inhibits the activity of a number of enzymes in organic solutions and chemical reactions.

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -2 °C
Boiling point: 256 °C
Density: 0.912 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 6 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 12 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.4842(lit.)
Fp: 205 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: organic solvents: soluble
Form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 10.4(at 25℃)
Color: White to off-white
Odor: amine odor
PH: 11 (1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Explosive limit: 0.8-4.6%(V)
Water Solubility: 1 g/L (20 ºC)
FreezingPoint: -2℃
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,3095
BRN: 605923
Stability:: Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 2.724 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 101-83-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA)(101-83-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) (101-83-7)

Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a combustible, colorlessliquid with a faint amine odor.
Molecular weight=181.36;Boiling point=256℃; Flash point $99℃.
HazardIdentification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System): Health3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0. Slightly soluble in water.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a combustible, colorless liquid with a faint amine odor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is strongly basic with reactive amine groups which readily form TV-substituted derivatives.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) also forms salts with inorganic and organic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) will also form crystalline hydrates and alcoholates.

Synthesis
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA), as a mixture with cyclohexylamine, is prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of aniline (phenylamine), with a catalyst of ruthenium and/or palladium.
This method produces mainly cyclohexylamine with little dicyclohexylamine.
Better results have been reported when the catalyst is applied to a support of niobic acid and/or tantalic acid.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is also obtained by reductive amination of cyclohexanone with ammonia or cyclohexylamine.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) may also be prepared by pressure hydrogenation of diphenylamine using a ruthenium catalyst, or by the reaction of cyclohexanone with cyclohexylamine in the presence of a palladium/carbon catalyst under a hydrogen pressure of about 4 mm Hg.

Applications
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) has applications that are similar to those of cyclohexylamine, namely the production of:

antioxidants in rubber and plastics
vulcanization accelerators for rubber
corrosion inhibitors in steam pipes and boilers
agrochemicals
textile chemicals
catalysts for flexible polyurethane foams

Dicyclohexylamine is manufactured by reacting equimolar quantities of cyclohexanone and cyclohexylamine or cyclohexanone and ammonia.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a solvent and in organic syntheses.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is reportedly used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of corrosion inhibitors, rubber vulcanization accelerators, textiles, and varnishes.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is an aliphatic amine.
As an intermediate, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be used in a broad range of applications in different industries.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used as a vulcanization accelerator.

In lubricants and cutting fluids Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) does function as a corrosion inhibitor.
Here Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) should be mentioned that Dicyclohexylamine does not form Nitrosamines when being used.
Reagent for preparation of crystalline amino acid derivative salts.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) was used to constitute ionic liquid matrices for bacterial analysis in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) was used to develop a new palladium catalyst for Suzuki coupling reaction of aryl bromides with boronic acids.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) was used as extractant in determination of gold(III) by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.

Industrial uses
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a widely used chemical intermediate.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be used to absorb acidic gases, to preserve rubber latex, to plasticize casein, and to neutralize plant and insect poisons.
Metal complexes of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) are catalysts used in the paint, varnish, and ink industries.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) salts of fatty acids and sulfuric acid have soap and detergent properties used in the printing and textile industries.
One of the most important uses of Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is as a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is used to protect packaged or stored ferrous metals from atmospheric corrosion.

Production Methods
Several methods are employed for the manufacture of dicyclohexylamine.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be manufactured by hydrogenation of equimolar amounts of cyclohexanone and cyclohexylamine.
Alternatively, Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) can be prepared by vapor phase catalytic hydrogenation of aniline at elevated temperature and pressure.
Fractionation of the crude reaction product yields cyclohexylamine, unreacted aniline, and a high boiling residue comprised of N-phenylcyclohexylamine and Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).

Reactivity Profile
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) reacts with oxidizing agents.
Forms crystalline salts with many N-protected amino acids.
Neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.
Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is a strong irritant to skin and mucous membranes.
Direct skin contact with the liquid or vapor should be avoided.
Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA)'s systemic effects in man include nausea and vomiting, anxiety, restlessness and drowsiness.
Individuals repeatedly exposed to this chemical may develop sensitivity to Dicyclohexylamine (DCHA).
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.
When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards.
Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.
Containers may explode when heated.
Runoff may pollute waterways.
Substance may be transported in a molten form.

Dicyclohexylperoxydicarbonate, commonly known as Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H22O8.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is an organic peroxide that contains two peroxy functional groups (-O-O-) in its structure.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is often used as a radical initiator in various polymerization reactions, particularly in the production of thermosetting resins and cross-linked polymer materials.

CAS Number: 27138-31-4
EC Number: 248-795-8



APPLICATIONS


Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is commonly used as a radical initiator in the polymerization of unsaturated monomers, such as styrene and vinyl acetate, in the production of thermosetting plastics.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a crucial role in the manufacturing of fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP) used in applications ranging from boat hulls to automotive parts.

In the composites industry, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used to create strong and lightweight composite materials for aerospace and marine structures.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of heat-resistant and impact-resistant plastics used in automotive components, electrical enclosures, and consumer goods.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the production of thermosetting resins, which are essential for making durable laminates and coatings.
The automotive industry utilizes Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate to manufacture high-performance composite components for vehicle interiors and exteriors.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the production of elastomers and rubber products, improving their mechanical properties and durability.

In the construction sector, it aids in the formulation of weather-resistant coatings and sealants for buildings and infrastructure.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is essential in the creation of durable coatings for industrial equipment, protecting against corrosion and wear.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the development of specialized adhesives used in the bonding of materials in construction and manufacturing.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the creation of advanced composite materials for the aerospace industry, including aircraft components and structural parts.
In the marine industry, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used to produce composite materials for boat hulls, ensuring strength and durability.

The electrical and electronics sector utilizes Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in the production of insulating materials and cable sheathing.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the manufacture of high-performance sports equipment, including tennis rackets and golf club shafts.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the production of corrosion-resistant coatings for pipes and pipelines used in the oil and gas industry.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the formulation of coatings for industrial equipment and machinery, enhancing their longevity and performance.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the creation of composite materials for wind turbine blades, ensuring structural integrity and efficiency.

The chemical industry utilizes Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in research and development for the controlled initiation of polymerization reactions.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of adhesives for bonding various materials, including metals, plastics, and composites.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the production of friction materials used in automotive brake pads and clutches.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the manufacturing of gaskets and seals used in industrial and automotive applications.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in the creation of coatings for cookware, providing non-stick and heat-resistant properties.
The aerospace industry relies on Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate for the production of composite materials for satellite components and spacecraft.

In the renewable energy sector, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used to create composite materials for solar panels and wind turbine components.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate's versatility and reactivity make it a valuable component in various industries, contributing to the development of high-performance materials and products.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the production of thermosetting resins for the creation of high-strength, heat-resistant laminates used in the construction of printed circuit boards (PCBs).
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the formulation of epoxy-based adhesives used in bonding electronic components to PCBs.
In the aerospace industry, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the manufacturing of composite materials for aircraft interiors, including cabin components and lightweight seats.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the production of sports equipment such as bicycle frames, ensuring strength and durability in lightweight designs.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the development of high-performance, impact-resistant helmets for various sports and activities.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the formulation of high-temperature-resistant coatings for industrial ovens and equipment used in the food processing industry.

The automotive sector utilizes Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in the manufacture of composite engine components and lightweight structural parts.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate aids in the creation of durable coatings for pipelines and tanks used in the chemical and petrochemical industries.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the production of heat-resistant gaskets and seals for use in high-temperature industrial applications.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the formulation of specialty resins for 3D printing, enabling the creation of complex and durable prototypes and parts.
In the medical industry, it plays a role in the development of materials used in dental prosthetics, ensuring biocompatibility and strength.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the production of composite materials for prosthetic limbs, making them lightweight and durable.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in the creation of high-strength, lightweight components for the automotive racing industry.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of coatings for industrial rollers used in printing and manufacturing processes.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the production of structural materials for architectural applications, including lightweight panels and cladding.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the development of specialized composites for the construction of racing boats and marine vessels.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the creation of high-performance bicycle wheels, providing strength and reducing weight.
In the electronics industry, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used to manufacture lightweight and impact-resistant housings for electronic devices.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the production of impact-resistant and durable cases for consumer and industrial tools.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of coatings for chemical storage tanks and containers used in various industries.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the creation of composite materials for the construction of lightweight and durable automotive body panels.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the production of aerospace components, including satellite housings and structural parts for spacecraft.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the development of materials used in the fabrication of high-performance sports equipment, including skis and snowboards.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of coatings for industrial rollers used in the paper and packaging industry.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in the creation of composite materials for the construction of lightweight and durable wind turbine blades for renewable energy applications.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the production of composite materials for the aerospace industry, including aircraft components, ensuring lightweight and high-strength structures.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the manufacturing of durable, impact-resistant body armor used by military and law enforcement personnel.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of specialized coatings for industrial machinery and equipment, providing corrosion resistance.
In the renewable energy sector, it contributes to the creation of composite materials for solar panel frames, enhancing durability and stability.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in the production of lightweight and impact-resistant parts for electric and hybrid vehicles, reducing overall vehicle weight and improving efficiency.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a crucial role in the development of lightweight and durable casings for consumer electronics, protecting sensitive components.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the formulation of high-performance adhesives for bonding materials in the automotive, aerospace, and construction industries.
In the marine industry, it aids in the creation of composite materials for boat hulls, ensuring strength and longevity.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the production of fire-resistant materials used in the construction of fire doors and safety barriers.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the formulation of composite materials for the production of lightweight and durable bicycle frames.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the creation of strong and lightweight components for drones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the development of composite materials for the construction of high-performance racing cars and components.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the formulation of impact-resistant and durable coatings for the automotive aftermarket, including custom parts and accessories.
In the oil and gas industry, it aids in the production of corrosion-resistant materials for offshore platforms and pipelines.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in the creation of composite materials for the construction of lightweight and durable conveyor belts used in material handling.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the formulation of coatings for architectural glass, providing UV resistance and easy cleaning properties.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the production of advanced composite materials for prosthetic limbs, ensuring strength and flexibility.
In the packaging industry, it contributes to the creation of lightweight and impact-resistant packaging materials for fragile goods.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is employed in the development of composite materials for the construction of lightweight and durable sports equipment, such as tennis racquets.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the formulation of coatings for industrial rollers used in the printing and packaging industry.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in the creation of strong and lightweight components for the automotive racing industry, including chassis and suspension parts.
In the aviation industry, it contributes to the production of lightweight and durable interior components for aircraft cabins.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is used in the formulation of corrosion-resistant coatings for storage tanks and containers in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a role in the development of composite materials for the construction of lightweight and durable prosthetic limbs.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the creation of high-performance, impact-resistant helmets for a wide range of sports and activities, ensuring safety and comfort for users.



DESCRIPTION


Dicyclohexylperoxydicarbonate, commonly known as Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H22O8.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is an organic peroxide that contains two peroxy functional groups (-O-O-) in its structure.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is often used as a radical initiator in various polymerization reactions, particularly in the production of thermosetting resins and cross-linked polymer materials.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is a white crystalline solid at room temperature and is highly sensitive to temperature changes and mechanical shock.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate decomposes at elevated temperatures, releasing free radicals that initiate chemical reactions, such as the curing and cross-linking of polymers.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in industries such as plastics, composites, and rubber to facilitate the polymerization of monomers and the formation of strong, heat-resistant materials. It is crucial to handle Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate with care due to its reactivity and potential hazards, following proper safety precautions and guidelines.

Dicyclohexylperoxydicarbonate, often abbreviated as Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate, is a chemical compound known for its use as a radical initiator in polymerization reactions.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is a white crystalline solid that is highly sensitive to temperature changes and mechanical shock.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate has a molecular formula of C12H22O8, and its structure contains two peroxy functional groups (-O-O-).

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is a versatile reagent used in various industrial applications, particularly in the production of cross-linked polymer materials.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is commonly employed in the manufacture of thermosetting resins and elastomers.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate plays a critical role in the curing and cross-linking of polymer matrices, resulting in the formation of strong and heat-resistant materials.
Due to its reactivity, it is essential to store and handle Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate with care and adhere to safety guidelines.
When exposed to elevated temperatures, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate decomposes to generate free radicals that initiate chemical reactions.

These free radicals are instrumental in the polymerization process, leading to the formation of three-dimensional polymer networks.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is utilized in industries such as plastics, composites, and rubber for enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of materials.

In the plastics industry, it aids in the production of heat-resistant and impact-resistant plastics.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is also employed in the formulation of composite materials, which find applications in aerospace, automotive, and construction.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate contributes to the development of durable and weather-resistant coatings used in various industries.
In the rubber industry, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate helps create vulcanized rubber with improved strength and elasticity.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is a valuable tool in the manufacturing of molded and extruded rubber products.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is subject to strict regulations and safety guidelines due to its potential hazards, including flammability and sensitivity to shock.

When handling Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate, appropriate personal protective equipment, such as safety goggles and chemical-resistant gloves, is recommended.
Storage of Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate should be in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Containers holding Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate should be tightly sealed to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is crucial to label containers and storage areas with hazard warnings and safety information.

Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is also utilized in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, enhancing their adhesive properties.
In the electrical and electronics industry, it contributes to the production of insulating materials and cable sheathing.
The chemical reactivity of Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate makes it a valuable asset in research and development for initiating controlled polymerization reactions.

Overall, Dicyclohexylperoxydicarbonate is a versatile chemical compound with a broad range of applications across various industries, improving the properties of materials and enhancing their performance.
Its role as a radical initiator is instrumental in the creation of durable and high-performance polymer products used in everyday life and advanced technologies.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C12H22O8
Molecular Weight: Approximately 310.3 g/mol
Appearance: Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is a white crystalline solid at room temperature.
Odor: It generally has a mild odor.
Solubility: Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in various organic solvents, such as acetone, ether, and alcohols.
Melting Point: Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate has a melting point typically around 98-100°C (208-212°F).
Boiling Point: Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate decomposes before reaching a specific boiling point.
Density: The density of Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate can vary with different grades but is typically around 1.19 g/cm³.
Reactivity: Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is highly sensitive to temperature changes and mechanical shock, making it a hazardous chemical.
Decomposition: At elevated temperatures, Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate decomposes, releasing free radicals that initiate chemical reactions.



FIRST AID


Inhalation (Breathing in Vapors or Dust):

Remove to Fresh Air:
If a person inhales Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate vapors or dust, immediately move them to an area with fresh air.
Ensure the person can breathe comfortably.

Seek Medical Attention:
If the person experiences difficulty breathing, coughing, or other respiratory symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate comes into contact with the skin, remove contaminated clothing promptly.

Wash Skin:
Wash the affected skin area with plenty of mild soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Attention:
If skin irritation, redness, or burns develop, or if a large area is affected, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
If Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.

Seek Medical Attention:
If eye irritation or discomfort persists after flushing, or if there are signs of injury or damage, seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion (Swallowing):

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting if Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is ingested.
It is essential to seek immediate medical attention.

Rinse Mouth:
If Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is swallowed, rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
In case of ingestion, it is crucial to seek prompt medical attention, as Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate ingestion can lead to serious health effects.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personnel Training:
Only trained and qualified personnel should handle Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate.
Provide employees with proper training on the safe handling, storage, and disposal of the chemical.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, a lab coat or coveralls, and chemical-resistant footwear, when handling Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate.

Avoid Direct Contact: Avoid any direct skin contact with Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate.
In case of skin contact, follow the recommended first aid procedures and remove contaminated clothing promptly.

Respiratory Protection:
When working with Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in areas with inadequate ventilation, wear a NIOSH-approved respirator with appropriate filters or cartridges to prevent inhalation of vapors or dust.

Engineering Controls:
Use local exhaust ventilation systems to capture and remove vapors or dust at the source to minimize exposure.

No Smoking or Open Flames:
Prohibit smoking, open flames, and sparks in areas where Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is handled or stored, as it is flammable.

Avoid Mechanical Shock:
Handle Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate containers and packages with care to avoid mechanical shock or impact, as it is sensitive to such disturbances.

Use Non-Sparking Tools:
When opening or handling containers, use non-sparking tools to reduce the risk of sparks and ignition.

Labeling and Identification:
Clearly label containers and storage areas with hazard warnings, safety information, and proper identification of Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure that emergency eyewash stations, safety showers, and fire extinguishing equipment are readily available in areas where Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate is handled.


Storage:

Cool, Dry Location:
Store Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and ignition sources.

Temperature Control:
Keep the storage area at a temperature below the recommended maximum storage temperature specified in the safety data sheet (SDS).

Sealed Containers:
Keep Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate containers tightly sealed to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.
Replace damaged or leaking containers immediately.

Incompatible Materials:
Store Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate away from incompatible materials such as reducing agents, strong acids, and strong bases.

Secondary Containment:
Consider using secondary containment measures, such as chemical spill trays or pallets, to contain any potential spills or leaks.

Labeling:
Ensure that all containers are labeled with the correct product name, hazard warnings, and safety information.

Segregation:
Segregate Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate from other hazardous materials to prevent incompatible chemical reactions.



SYNONYMS


DicycylohexylperoxydicarbonateC
Peroxydicarbonic acid, dicyclohexyl ester
Peroxycarbonate of dicyclohexyl
Bis(cyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate
Cyclohexyl peroxycarbonate
Dibenzoyl peroxide (incorrect, but sometimes used interchangeably)
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate dioxane solution
1,1'-Oxybis(cyclohexaneperoxycarbonyl) peroxide
Dicyclohexyl dicarbonate peroxide
Bis(1-cyclohexylperoxycarbonyl) peroxide
Dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate
1,1'-Dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate
DCBEC
DCP peroxide
Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid peroxide
DCP ester
Peroxydicarbonate of dicyclohexyl
Dibenzoyl peroxide dicyclohexyl ester (not to be confused with dibenzoyl peroxide)
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate 99%
Bis(cyclohexanecarbonyl) peroxide
Bis(peroxycyclohexyl) carbonate
DCP dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate
DCHP
Bis(cyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate)
DCP-40
Peroxidicarbonic acid, dicyclohexyl ester
Bis(cyclohexyl)dicarbonate peroxide
Dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate 99%
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate 98%
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate peroxide
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate 50% solution in dioctyl phthalate
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate 75% solution in dioctyl phthalate
Peroxocarbonate of dicyclohexyl
Dicyclohexylperoxycarbonate
Peroxydicarboxylic acid, dicyclohexyl ester
Bis(1-cyclohexylperoxycarbonyloxy)ethylene
Bis(cyclohexylperoxycarbonyloxy)ethylene
Bis(cyclohexylperoxydicarbonyl) peroxide
Bis(cyclohexylperoxydicarbonic acid) peroxide
Cyclohexyl peroxydicarbonic acid
Bis(1-cyclohexylperoxycarbonyloxy)ethylene peroxide
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in dimethyl phthalate
Dicyclohexyl diperphthalate
Dicyclohexyl peroxymonocarbonate
Peroxocarbonate of dicyclohexyl in dioctyl phthalate
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate 50% solution in dimethyl phthalate
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate 75% solution in dimethyl phthalate
Bis(1-cyclohexylperoxycarbonyl)ethylene
Peroxydicarbonate of bis(cyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate
Dicycylohexylperoxydicarbonate in 2-ethylhexyl phthalate

DESCRIPTION:

Didecanoyl peroxide appears as white wet solid.
Didecanoyl peroxide May float or sink in water.
Didecanoyl peroxide is particularly sensitive to temperature rises, contamination, and friction.
Above a given "Control Temperature" Didecanoyl peroxide decompose violently.

CAS: 762-12-9
European Community (EC) Number: 212-092-1
Molecular Formula: C20H38O4

Didecanoyl peroxide is Initiator for (co)polymerization of ethylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinylacetate and (meth)acrylates.


APPLICATIONS OF DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
Didecanoyl peroxide can be used for the high pressure polymerization of ethylene in autoclaves or tubular reactors.
Because of the good solubility in mineral oils and aliphatic hydrocarbons the peroxide is easy to handle in the pressure injection system.
Didecanoyl peroxide can also be used as initiator for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in the temperature range between 60°C and 75°C.



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
Molecular Weight
342.5 g/mol
XLogP3-AA
8.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
19
Exact Mass
342.27700969 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
342.27700969 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count
24
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
272
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Synonym: Decanoyl peroxide; Peroxide; bisdecanoyl peroxidebis; (1-oxodecyl); EC 212-092-1; EINECS 212-092-1; UNII-5YFN3ID35B.
IUPAC/Chemical Name: decanoic peroxyanhydride
InChi Key: XJOBOFWTZOKMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C20H38O4/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19(21)23-24-20(22)18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-18H2,1-2H3
SMILES Code: O=C(OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCC
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life: >3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
Name DECANOYL PEROXIDE
Source of Sample Cadet Chemical Corporation
CAS Registry Number 762-12-9
Classification OXIDES AND PEROXIDES
Copyright Copyright © 1980, 1981-2023 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Formula C20H38O4
InChI InChI=1S/C20H38O4/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19(21)23-24-20(22)18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-18H2,1-2H3
InChIKey XJOBOFWTZOKMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Melting Point 40-42C (dec)
Freezing Point= -41C
Molecular Weight 342.52
Synonyms BIS(1-OXODECYL) PEROXIDE
CADOX C-10
Technique MELT-BETWEEN SALTS




SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product













SYNONYMS OF DIDECANOYLPEROXIDE:
DECANOYL PEROXIDE
Peroxide, bis(1-oxodecyl)
762-12-9
decanoic peroxyanhydride
5YFN3ID35B
Bisdecanoyl peroxide
didecanoyl peroxide
decanoyl decaneperoxoate
UNII-5YFN3ID35B
caproyl peroxide
EINECS 212-092-1
DECANOX F
PERKADOX SE 10
EC 212-092-1
SCHEMBL23375
DTXSID0061084
XJOBOFWTZOKMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Q27263048

DESCRIPTION:

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.


CAS Number, 7173-51-5
European Community (EC) Number: 230-525-2
Molecular Formula: C22H48ClN
Preferred IUPAC name: N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride


SYNONYMS OF DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE:
DDAC,Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride,1-Decanaminium,N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride,Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,Quaternium-12,Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride,Bardac 22,deciquam 222,didecyldimethylammonium,didecyldimethylammonium bromide,didecyldimethylammonium chloride,7173-51-5,Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride,-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride,Astop,DDAC,Arquad 10,Bardac 22,Britewood Q,Bardac 2250,Bio-Dac,Quaternium 12,Quaternium-12,Odex Q,Quartamin D 10E,Quartamin D 10P,Timbercote 2000,Nissan Cation 2DBSlaoff 91,Acticide,Aliquat 203,Querton 210CL,Sporekill,KleenGrow,Dodigen 1881,Bardac 2270E,Calgon H 130,Maquat 4480E,Bardac 2280,Britewood XL,Caswell No. 331A,Acticide DDQ,Catiogen DDM,1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride,Cation DDC,H 130 (molluscicide),Catiogen DDM-PG,Arquad 210-50,Asepas 3,Bio-dac 50-22,Tret-O-Lite XC 507,Septapav KhS 70,Acticide DDQ 40,Microbiocide B 74,Stenquat 1010,Cation DDC 50,Cation DDC-80,Macrotrol MT 200,Arquad 210,Microbiocide N 750,DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE,New Des 50,Bardac 2240,BTC 99,DDC 80,K-Sanit BP 80,Kamin RM 2D50A,N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride,didecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride,BTCO 1010,Arquad 210-50E,Arquad 210-80E,Arquad 210-85E,Fentacare 1021-80,Arquad 210-80,D 10P,Nissan Cation 2DB500E,Nissan Cation 2DB800E,UNII-JXN40O9Y9B,BTC 1010,EINECS 230-525-2,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE,JXN40O9Y9B,EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149,Didecyldimethylammounium chloride,didecyl dimethylammonium chlorideDTXSID9032537,HSDB 7611,2DB500E,BTC 2250,AQ 210,MAQUAT 4450-E,DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE,DTXCID7012537,H 130,CHEBI:79935,EC 230-525-2,N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE,M 21080,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID,Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride,N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium (chloride),1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride (1:1),DDAC-C10; Didecyldimethylammonium-chloride,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (MART.),DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.],Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride,C22H48ClN,Dairyland brand chg teat dip,Alfa Bergamon,didecyl(dimethyl)azanium chloride,didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium chloride,OKGO Disinfectant,Surface Disinfectant,Bardac-22,Alfa Bergamon (TN),Calgon H130,Querton 2100L,didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium,Surface Disinfectant Spray,SCHEMBL20265,CHEMBL224987,Chloroqcare Antiseptic Hand Care,bis(decyl)dimethylazanium chloride,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile,Steri Hand sanitizer without washing,Tox21_300598,MFCD00066262,AKOS015901447,CS-W022921,DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE [INCI],HY-W042181,DIDECYLDIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE,USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 069149,NCGC00254240-01,CAS-7173-51-5,N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminiumchloride,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI],NS00075672,N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl 1-decanaminium chloride,D07822,DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID [WHO-DD],N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-ammonium chloride,DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB],EN300-7386480,A837307,Q418930,Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, analytical standard,W-104509,N-Decyl-N pound notN-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride







Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.

In mice this disinfectant was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.
In addition, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations



Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is an organic molecular entity.
Didehyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as an antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride causes disruption of intermolecular interactions and dissociation of lipid bilayers.

The bacteriostatic (prevents growth) or bactericidal (kills micro-organisms) activity of DDAC depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a broad-spectrum biocide against bacteria and fungi, and can be used as a disinfectant laundry cleaner, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels, and industry



Didecyldimethylammonium chloride stands out as a versatile and effective disinfectant/antiseptic, recognized for its prowess in surface sanitization and microbial sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
As an antimicrobial cleaner, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride offers broad-spectrum disinfection capabilities, making it a trusted choice for ensuring hygiene in various environments.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
This quaternary ammonium compound serves as a hard surface disinfectant, excelling in hospital-grade disinfection protocols.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used for its potent antimicrobial properties.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has several biocidal applications.
In addition to these applications, sometimes Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as plant strengtheners.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, often abbreviated as DDAC, is a quaternary ammonium compound widely employed for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Utilization Sectors of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride:
With its focus on broad-spectrum disinfection, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is an ideal choice for commercial-grade sanitization, addressing the need for comprehensive microbial control. Its role as an industrial disinfectant is crucial in maintaining a sanitized environment across diverse sectors, ranging from agriculture to manufacturing.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in diverse roles, functioning as a fungicide for coolants, an antiseptic for wood, and a cleaning disinfectant also used for surface disinfection such as floors, walls, tables, equipment, etc., and also for water disinfection in various applications throughout food and beverage, dairy, poultry, pharmaceutical industries, and institutions.
In water treatment, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride aids in controlling the growth of algae and bacteria.
Additionally, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride serves as a preservative in the formulation of various consumer products.



APPLICATIONS OF DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE:

In beekeeping, didehyldimethylammonium chloride is used to treat brood when it is attacked by blight.
Brood rot (European or American foulbrood) is an infectious disease of initially uncovered and later covered brood.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is caused by Bacterium pluton, Bacillus alvei, Streptococcus apis.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride acts as a broad-spectrum antiseptic by disrupting the nutrition of the foulbrood bacteria, thus preserving the bee colony.
In medicine, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl chloride is used extensively: concentrations ranging from 0.004% to 0.01% are used in eye drops.
Higher concentrations are used in hand disinfection products, for the removal of unpleasant odours (from legs, feet, armpits).

Even higher concentrations are used for a wide range of microbial and viral disinfection.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, paediatrics, OT, as well as for the sterilisation of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.

In cosmetics, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as a disinfectant, and at the same time as an emulsifier to increase the miscibility of fats with water.
Dimethyldimethyldecylammonium chloride is often used as an additive in emulsions to obtain clear emulsions, e.g. for dilution of fragrance concentrates, for mixing essential oils, or for the addition of water-based extracts to fat-based products.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used as a foaming agent and conditioner because its cationic nature makes wool fabrics and hair soft, and is therefore found in shampoos, hair masks and conditioners. INCI Key Functions:
Antistatic:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride reduces static electricity by neutralising the electrical charge on the surface
Emulsifying:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying surface tension (water and oil)

Hair Conditioner:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride makes hair easy to comb, soft and shiny and/or gives volume, lightness and shine
Surfactant:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride reduces tension on the surface of the cosmetic and contributes to the even distribution of the product during application

In water treatment, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in ornamental pools and rock gardens to protect them from algae formation and reproduction.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can also be found in some aquarium and aquaculture products.
Concentrations of 0,5-5 mg/l of active quaternary ammonium are encountered in the treatment of bacterial type fish diseases.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used as an algaecide in swimming pools to inhibit water mutilation and algal growth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is more popular than BAC because it has a lower foaming capacity.

In the wood industry, didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as an antiseptic or antiseptic impregnant to protect wood from rotting or fungal decay.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used to destroy rot in damaged wood.
The advantage of using Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is its transparency, i.e. the wood does not discolour, but this is also a disadvantage because when the wood is treated it is not visible where it has been treated.

In the paper industry, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in the preparation of paper to reduce biofouling and at the same time to give strength and anti-static properties to the paper produced.
In horticulture, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has a wide range of uses due to its effectiveness against moulds, mildews, mosses, fungi and algae, and is used for their control both as a plant protection agent and as a disinfectant for a wide range of surfaces.


In the polymer and coatings industry, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as an antistatic agent, emulsifier and preservative, which helps to make surfaces more hydrophobic, and to make hydrophobic surfaces more easily and uniformly coated with various coatings.
In animal husbandry, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in various veterinary preparations for the treatment of fungal diseases of hooves and horns, for the disinfection of animal housing, and for the treatment of certain skin diseases.






BENEFITS OF USING DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in disinfection and detergency
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is Non-corrosive to system metallurgy
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is Highly concentrated for low dosage

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is Eco-friendly, biodegradable and skin-friendly
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is High efficacy against SPC, Coliform, Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria, and Yeast





Chemical and physical Properties of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride:
Chemical formula, C22H48ClN
Molar mass, 362.08 g/mol
Appearance, liquid[3]
Density, 0.87 g/cm3 (20 °C)[3]
Molecular Weight
362.1 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
18
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
361.3475282 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
361.3475282 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
0Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
24
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
200
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
2
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Boiling point, 88 °C (1013 hPa)
Density, 0.90 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point, 29 °C
pH value, 6.5 - 8.0 (10 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C22H48ClN
CAS Number:
7173-51-5
Molecular Weight:
362.08
EC Number:
230-525-2
Form, Clear liquid
Appearance, Colourless
Odour, Alcohol like
CAS No., 7173-51-5
Solubility, Completely soluble with water & alcohol
Water Solubility, 4.48e-06 mg/mL, ALOGPS
logP, 3.33, ALOGPS
logP, 4.01, Chemaxon
logS, -7.9, ALOGPS
Physiological Charge, 1, Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count, 0, Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count, 0, Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area, 0 Å2, Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count, 18, Chemaxon
Refractivity, 118.86 m3•mol-1, Chemaxon
Polarizability, 47.18 Å3, Chemaxon
Number of Rings, 0, Chemaxon
Bioavailability, 1, Chemaxon
Rule of Five, Yes, Chemaxon
Ghose Filter, No, Chemaxon
Veber's Rule, No, Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule, No,
grade
analytical standard
Quality Level
100
shelf life
limited shelf life, expiry date on the label
application(s)
clinical testing
format
neat
SMILES string
C[N+](C)(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCC.[Cl-]
InChI
1S/C22H48N.ClH/c1-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-21-23(3,4)22-20-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-2;/h5-22H2,1-4H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChI key
RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Physical Description, Pale yellow solid or paste
Assay, ≥ 95.0%
Water, ≤ 5.0%
Heavy Metals, ≤ 20ppm
Specification Version, 1.1



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE:

First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as detergent/disinfectant in hospitals, as algicide in swimming pools, and as a fungicide and against termites in wood.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) caused contact dermatitis in a hospital employee, also sensitive to glyoxal and bis-(aminopropyl)- laurylamine.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is an organic molecular entity.

CAS: 7173-51-5
MF: C22H48ClN
MW: 362.08
EINECS: 230-525-2

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) can be used as an algicide, slimicide in swimming pools, industrial water reservoirs and cooling towers and for the preparation of wood preserving formulations intended for primary treatment and secondary preservation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of DDAC depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.

In mice Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.
In addition, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a twin chain quaternary ammonium.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a modern and safe biocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) features broad spectrum activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, fungicide and mildewcide, active against enveloped viruses (e.g. Hepatitis B, HIV), tolerance for anionic contaminants, high tolerance to hard water, maintains efficacy in presence of heavy organic soiling such as blood and protein, good surfactant and wetting properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has an amine content of approximately 1.5%.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) stands out as a versatile and effective disinfectant/antiseptic, recognized for its prowess in surface sanitization and microbial sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
As an antimicrobial cleaner, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) offers broad-spectrum disinfection capabilities, making it a trusted choice for ensuring hygiene in various environments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) serves as a hard surface disinfectant, excelling in hospital-grade disinfection protocols.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has several biocidal applications. In addition to these applications, sometimes DDAC is used as plant strengtheners.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), often abbreviated as DDAC, is a quaternary ammonium compound widely employed for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) operates through the disruption of microorganisms′ cell membrane, resulting in their demise.
This mechanism occurs by attaching to the negatively charged phospholipids within the cell membrane, inducing heightened permeability and subsequent leakage of intracellular components.
Additionally, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) hampers the growth of microorganisms by impeding essential metabolic processes like DNA replication and protein synthesis.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 88 °C
Density: 0.87[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0.006Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 248g/L in organic solvents at 20 ℃
Form: Gel
Color: Light Beige to Brown
Water Solubility: 650mg/L at 25℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: 2.8 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 7173-51-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) (7173-51-5)

Uses
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) 22 is a quaternary ammonium based antimicrobial used as a bacteriostat, deodorant, disinfectant and(or) a microbiocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) 2250 is an effective cationic surfactant that can be used in a variety of cleaning systems.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a compound that exhibits some fungacidal and antimirobial functions.
General purpose disinfectant, sanitizer; mildew preventative in commercial laundries; water treatment in cooling towers and oil field flood waters; wood preservative.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is readily soluble in ethanol, IPA, and acetone.
Although dissolution in water is slow, aqueous solutions are easier to handle and are preferred.
Solutions should be neutral to slightly alkaline, with colour ranging from colourless to a pale yellow.
Solutions should foam when shaken.

Agricultural Uses
Biocide, Fungicide, Bactericide, Herbicide, Algaecide, Algaecide, Bacteriocide, Fungistat, Microbiocide, Microbiostat disinfectant, Viricide, Tuberculocide, Molluscide, Insecticide: Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) used on hard, nonporous surfaces as a sanitizer; mildew preventative, wood preservative, and to kill algae, phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) in a large number of disinfectant products registered with USEPA and labeled with a claim to inactivate “avian influenza A” viruses on hard surfaces.

Synonyms
7173-51-5
Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride
N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride
Astop
DDAC
Arquad 10
Bardac 22
Britewood Q
Bardac 2250
Bio-Dac
Quaternium 12
Quaternium-12
Odex Q
Quartamin D 10E
Quartamin D 10P
Timbercote 2000
Nissan Cation 2DB
Slaoff 91
Acticide
Aliquat 203
Querton 210CL
Sporekill
KleenGrow
Dodigen 1881
Bardac 2270E
Calgon H 130
Maquat 4480E
Bardac 2280
Britewood XL
Caswell No. 331A
Acticide DDQ
Catiogen DDM
1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride
Cation DDC
H 130 (molluscicide)
Catiogen DDM-PG
Arquad 210-50
Asepas 3
Bio-dac 50-22
Tret-O-Lite XC 507
Septapav KhS 70
Acticide DDQ 40
Microbiocide B 74
Stenquat 1010
Cation DDC 50
Cation DDC-80
Macrotrol MT 200
Arquad 210
Microbiocide N 750
DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE
New Des 50
Bardac 2240
BTC 99
DDC 80
K-Sanit BP 80
Kamin RM 2D50A
didecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride
BTCO 1010
Arquad 210-50E
Arquad 210-80E
Arquad 210-85E
Fentacare 1021-80
Arquad 210-80
D 10P
Nissan Cation 2DB500E
Nissan Cation 2DB800E
UNII-JXN40O9Y9B
BTC 1010
EINECS 230-525-2
JXN40O9Y9B
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149
Didecyldimethylammounium chloride
didecyl dimethylammonium chloride
DTXSID9032537
HSDB 7611
2DB500E
BTC 2250
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE
AQ 210
MAQUAT 4450-E
DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE
DTXCID7012537
H 130
CHEBI:79935
EC 230-525-2
N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
M 21080
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID
Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium (chloride)
1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride (1:1)
DDAC-C10; Didecyldimethylammonium-chloride
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (MART.)
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.]
Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride
C22H48ClN
Dairyland brand chg teat dip
Alfa Bergamon
didecyl(dimethyl)azanium chloride
didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium chloride
OKGO Disinfectant
Surface Disinfectant
Bardac-22
Alfa Bergamon (TN)
Calgon H130
Querton 2100L
didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium
Surface Disinfectant Spray
SCHEMBL20265
CHEMBL224987
Chloroqcare Antiseptic Hand Care
bis(decyl)dimethylazanium chloride
RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Steri Hand sanitizer without washing
Tox21_300598
MFCD00066262
AKOS015901447
CS-W022921
DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE [INCI]
HY-W042181
DIDECYLDIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 069149
NCGC00254240-01
CAS-7173-51-5
N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminiumchloride
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI]
FT-0629457
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl 1-decanaminium chloride
D07822
DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID [WHO-DD]
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-ammonium chloride
DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB]
EN300-7386480
A837307
Q418930
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, analytical standard
W-104509
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.

CAS: 7173-51-5
MF: C22H48ClN
MW: 362.08
EINECS: 230-525-2

Synonyms
DIDECYL-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE;DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE;didecyl dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 50% solution in Toluene;didecyl dimethyl Ammonium Chloride 70% solution;Didecildimethylammonium chloride;Bardac(R) 22;N,N-Didecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium Chloride (in 20% Isopropanol / 30% Water);Bardac(R) 2240;7173-51-5;Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;Didecyldimethylammonium chloride;N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride
;Astop;DDAC;Arquad 10;Bardac 22;Britewood Q;Bardac 2250;Bio-Dac;Quaternium 12;Quaternium-12;Odex Q;Quartamin D 10E;Quartamin D 10P;Timbercote 2000;Nissan Cation 2DB;Slaoff 91;Acticide;Aliquat 203;Querton 210CL;Sporekill;KleenGrow;Dodigen 1881;Bardac 2270E;Calgon H 130;Maquat 4480E;Bardac 2280;Britewood XL;Caswell No. 331A;Acticide DDQ;Catiogen DDM;1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride;Cation DDC;H 130 (molluscicide);Catiogen DDM-PG
;Arquad 210-50;Asepas 3;Bio-dac 50-22;Tret-O-Lite XC 507;Septapav KhS 70;Acticide DDQ 40;Microbiocide B 74;Stenquat 1010;Cation DDC 50;Cation DDC-80;Macrotrol MT 200;Arquad 210
;Microbiocide N 750;DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE;New Des 50;Bardac 2240;BTC 99;DDC 80;K-Sanit BP 80;Kamin RM 2D50A;N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride
(dimethyl)azanium;chloride;BTCO 1010;Arquad 210-50E;Arquad 210-80E;Arquad 210-85E;Fentacare 1021-80;Arquad 210-80;D 10P;Nissan Cation 2DB500E;Nissan Cation 2DB800E;UNII-JXN40O9Y9B;BTC 1010;EINECS 230-525-2;DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE;JXN40O9Y9B;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149;Didecyldimethylammounium chloride;didecyl dimethylammonium chloride;DTXSID9032537;HSDB 7611;2DB500E;BTC 2250;AQ 210;MAQUAT 4450-E;DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE;DTXCID7012537;H 130;CHEBI:79935;EC 230-525-2;N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE;M 21080;DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.
In mice this disinfectant was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.

In addition, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as detergent/disinfectant in hospitals, as algicide in swimming pools, and as a fungicide and against termites in wood.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) caused contact dermatitis in a hospital employee, also sensitive to glyoxal and bis-(aminopropyl)- laurylamine.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is an organic molecular entity.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) stands out as a versatile and effective disinfectant/antiseptic, recognized for its prowess in surface sanitization and microbial sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
As an antimicrobial cleaner, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) offers broad-spectrum disinfection capabilities, making it a trusted choice for ensuring hygiene in various environments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

This quaternary ammonium compound serves as a hard surface disinfectant, excelling in hospital-grade disinfection protocols.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has several biocidal applications.
In addition to these applications, sometimes Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used as plant strengtheners.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, often abbreviated as Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), is a quaternary ammonium compound widely employed for its potent antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a cationic surfactant, meaning it carries a positive charge on the nitrogen atom, which enables it to interact effectively with negatively charged surfaces.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is commonly used as a disinfectant and biocide in various applications due to its broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound that has been shown to have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has been used in disinfectants and as an active ingredient in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is not toxic to humans or animals at concentrations up to 50%.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) has been shown to be effective against infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) also has an effect on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) can be prepared by titration calorimetry or analytical method.
The preparation of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) can be done using chloroform and benzalkonium chloride or glycol ether.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is used in many types of biocidal products including tableware, carpets, humidifiers, and swimming pools.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) shows a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and is also effective on fungi and viruses, including those that are enveloped.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 88 °C
Density: 0.87[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0.006Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 248g/L in organic solvents at 20 ℃
Form: Gel
Color: Light Beige to Brown
Water Solubility: 650mg/L at 25℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: 2.8 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 7173-51-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) (7173-51-5)

Uses
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a quaternary ammonium based antimicrobial used as a bacteriostat, deodorant, disinfectant and(or) a microbiocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is an effective cationic surfactant that can be used in a variety of cleaning systems.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) is a compound that exhibits some fungacidal and antimirobial functions.
General purpose disinfectant, sanitizer; mildew preventative in commercial laundries; water treatment in cooling towers and oil field flood waters; wood preservative.

Agricultural Uses
Biocide, Fungicide, Bactericide, Herbicide, Algaecide, Algaecide, Bacteriocide, Fungistat, Microbiocide, Microbiostat disinfectant, Viricide, Tuberculocide, Molluscide, Insecticide: General purpose disinfectant used on hard, nonporous surfaces as a sanitizer; mildew preventative, wood preservative, and to kill algae, phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria.
An active ingredient in a large number of disinfectant products registered with USEPA and labeled with a claim to inactivate “avian influenza A” viruses on hard surfaces.

Contact allergens
This quaternary ammonium compound is used as a detergent-disinfectant in hospitals, as an algaecide in swimming pools, as a fungicide, and against termites in wood.
Immediate-type manifestations like urticaria and dyspnoea have been reported.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80% is a chemical compound primarily used as a disinfectant and biocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is part of the quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) family, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents due to their broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.

CAS Number: 7173-51-5
EC Number: 230-525-2

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, DDAC, DDADMAC, DDA, N,N-Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, N-Decyldimethyl-N-octylammonium chloride, Didecylmethylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecyloctylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldodecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium chloride, Decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecyl ammonium chloride, N-Decyldimethylamine chloride, N-Octyldimethyldecylamine chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium dichloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chlorochromate, Decyltrimethylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctadecylmethylammonium chloride, Dimethyldioctadecylmethylammonium chloride, Octyldecyldimethylammonium chloride, N-Octyldimethyldecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldodecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyldodecylammonium chloride, Dimethyldecyloctylammonium chloride, Dimethyloctyldodecylammonium chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chlorite, Didecyldimethylammonium chlorate, Didecyldimethylammonium bromide, Didecyldimethylammonium fluoride, Didecyldimethylammonium iodide, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium bromide, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium fluoride, Dimethyldecyloctadecylammonium iodide, Decyltrimethylammonium bromide, Didecyldimethylammonium sulfamate, Didecyldimethylammonium sulfate, Didecyldimethylammonium nitrate, Didecyldimethylammonium phosphate, Didecyldimethylammonium hydrogen sulfate, Didecyldimethylammonium hydroxide, Didecyldimethylammonium acetate, Didecyldimethylammonium formate, Didecyldimethylammonium carbonate, Didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, Didecyldimethylammonium citrate



APPLICATIONS


Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is widely used as a disinfectant in healthcare facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed for surface disinfection in hospitals, clinics, and dental offices to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the food industry to sanitize food contact surfaces and processing equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in dairy processing plants, breweries, and wineries for sanitation purposes.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to cooling towers and water treatment systems to control microbial growth and biofilm formation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in swimming pools and spas as a sanitizer to maintain water quality.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is employed in the agricultural sector for disinfecting farm equipment and livestock housing.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in veterinary clinics and animal husbandry facilities for disinfection and biosecurity measures.
This compound is incorporated into household cleaning products such as disinfectant sprays and wipes.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in institutional settings such as schools, daycare centers, and prisons for surface disinfection.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to industrial cleaning formulations for sanitizing manufacturing equipment and production areas.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the pharmaceutical industry for disinfection of cleanrooms and sterile manufacturing environments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the cosmetics industry for disinfecting tools and equipment used in beauty salons.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the hospitality industry for sanitation of hotel rooms, restaurants, and catering facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to HVAC systems and air ducts to control microbial contamination and mold growth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in water treatment plants for disinfection of potable water supplies.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in wastewater treatment facilities for microbial control and odor mitigation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in recreational facilities such as gyms and sports centers for disinfection of equipment and locker rooms.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to mold remediation products for killing mold spores and preventing regrowth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in public transportation vehicles such as buses and trains for disinfection of seating areas and high-touch surfaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the marine industry for disinfection of ships, boats, and maritime equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in laboratories and research facilities for sterilization of equipment and workspaces.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to agricultural sprays and sanitizers for disinfection of fruits, vegetables, and crop storage facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the textile industry for antimicrobial treatment of fabrics and textiles.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in emergency response situations for disinfection of contaminated surfaces and environments.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in drilling fluids and production equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the pulp and paper industry for disinfection of pulp processing equipment and papermaking machinery.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to industrial cooling water systems to prevent microbial fouling and corrosion.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the automotive industry for disinfection of vehicle interiors and manufacturing facilities.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the aerospace industry for sanitation of aircraft cabins, cockpits, and maintenance areas.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the electronics industry for disinfection of cleanroom environments and semiconductor manufacturing facilities.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to mold-resistant coatings and paints for protection against mold and mildew growth.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in the construction industry for disinfection of construction sites, tools, and equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the pharmaceutical compounding industry for disinfection of compounding areas and equipment.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the funeral and mortuary industry for disinfection of embalming rooms and equipment.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to water-based paints and coatings as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of wood and timber products to prevent mold and fungal growth.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of textiles and leather goods to inhibit microbial degradation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of cosmetics and personal care products to prevent microbial spoilage.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to air purifiers and HVAC systems for disinfection of indoor air and ventilation ducts.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of museum artifacts and archival materials.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of food packaging materials to prevent microbial contamination during storage and transport.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to water-based lubricants and metalworking fluids to prevent microbial growth and degradation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of photographic films and papers to inhibit microbial deterioration.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of pharmaceutical and medical products to maintain sterility and shelf life.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to agricultural pesticides and herbicides for microbial control and product preservation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is employed in the preservation of cosmetics and personal care products to prevent microbial spoilage.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in the preservation of paints, coatings, and adhesives to prevent microbial contamination and degradation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is added to metalworking fluids and cutting oils to prevent microbial growth and degradation.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is employed in the preservation of plastics and polymers to prevent microbial degradation and discoloration.



DESCRIPTION


Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80% is a chemical compound primarily used as a disinfectant and biocide.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is part of the quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) family, which are widely used as antimicrobial agents due to their broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is often found in disinfectant formulations for various applications, including healthcare facilities, food processing plants, water treatment systems, and agricultural settings.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, making it a popular choice for disinfection and sanitization purposes.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is typically supplied as a solution containing 80% of the active ingredient in water.
The remaining percentage consists of other components and stabilizers to enhance its stability and efficacy.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is a quaternary ammonium compound with a long chemical name.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is a cationic surfactant known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % appears as a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % has a characteristic ammonium odor and a slightly oily texture.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is soluble in water and organic solvents like ethanol.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is commonly used as a disinfectant and sanitizer in various industries.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % disrupts the cell membranes of microorganisms, leading to their inactivation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is widely used in healthcare settings for surface disinfection and sterilization.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is also employed in food processing facilities to sanitize equipment and surfaces.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is an essential ingredient in household disinfectants and cleaning products.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is utilized in water treatment systems to control microbial growth and biofilm formation.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is known for its long-lasting residual activity, providing prolonged protection against pathogens.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is compatible with a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and rubber.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is often incorporated into formulations for fabric softeners and textile treatments.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is used in agricultural settings for crop protection and disinfection of farm equipment.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is regulated by health and environmental agencies due to its potential hazards.
Proper handling and dilution are essential to ensure safe use of this compound.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is important to follow recommended concentrations and contact times for effective disinfection.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact.
Prolonged exposure or inhalation of vapors should be avoided to prevent health risks.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % should be stored in tightly sealed containers away from heat and incompatible substances.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is commonly used in combination with other disinfectants for synergistic effects.

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % is an integral part of infection control strategies in healthcare, food processing, and water treatment industries.
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 80 % plays a crucial role in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in various applications.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C22H48ClN
Molecular Weight: Approximately 362.08 g/mol
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Ammoniacal odor
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in polar organic solvents
Density: Approximately 0.91 g/cm³
Boiling Point: Approximately 290°C (554°F)
Melting Point: Approximately -50°C (-58°F)
pH: Typically alkaline, around 9-10 in aqueous solutions
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Low viscosity liquid
Surface Tension: Typically around 25-30 mN/m
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.45
Hygroscopicity: Low to moderate
Corrosivity: Corrosive to metals in concentrated form
Biodegradability: Moderately biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Toxicity: Moderate acute toxicity, can cause skin and eye irritation
Flammability: Non-flammable
Oxidizing Properties: Non-oxidizing
Miscibility: Miscible with water and polar organic solvents
Hydrophobicity: Moderately hydrophobic
Surface Wetting: Exhibits good wetting properties on solid surfaces
Chloride Content: Typically around 22-24% by weight



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If Didecyldimethylammonium chloride vapors are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Ensure Breathing:
Check the person's airway, breathing, and circulation.
If breathing is difficult, ensure an open airway and provide rescue breathing if necessary.

Seek Medical Attention:
If symptoms such as difficulty breathing, coughing, or respiratory distress persist, seek medical attention promptly.

Provide Oxygen:
If available and trained to do so, administer oxygen to the affected person while awaiting medical assistance.

Keep Calm and Reassure:
Keep the affected person calm and reassure them while waiting for medical help.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Didecyldimethylammonium chloride comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove any contaminated clothing.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough rinsing to remove any traces of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap or detergent to gently cleanse the skin, avoiding harsh chemicals that may exacerbate irritation.

Apply Moisturizer:
After washing, apply a soothing moisturizer or emollient to the affected area to help soothe and hydrate the skin.

Seek Medical Advice:
If skin irritation persists or worsens, seek medical advice or consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

Flush with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If wearing contact lenses, remove them as soon as possible to facilitate irrigation of the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact an eye specialist if irritation, pain, or redness persists after flushing.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting if Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has been ingested, as it may lead to further complications.

Do Not Drink Water:
Refrain from giving anything by mouth to the affected person unless instructed by medical personnel.

Seek Medical Assistance:
Immediately contact a poison control center or seek medical assistance for further guidance and treatment.

Provide Information:
Provide medical personnel with details regarding the amount ingested, the time of ingestion, and any symptoms experienced by the affected person.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), when handling Didecyldimethylammonium chloride to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use local exhaust ventilation or work in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of vapors or fumes.
Avoid breathing in Didecyldimethylammonium chloride vapors or mists.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin contact with Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
In case of skin contact, promptly wash affected areas with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or mists of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Handling Equipment:
Use equipment made of compatible materials, such as stainless steel, glass, or plastic, for handling and transferring Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Avoid the use of reactive metals like aluminum or copper.

Prevent Spills:
Handle Didecyldimethylammonium chloride containers with care to prevent spills or leaks.
Use appropriate containment measures, such as secondary containment trays or spill kits, in areas where spills may occur.

Do Not Mix:
Avoid mixing Didecyldimethylammonium chloride with incompatible substances, such as strong bases, oxidizing agents, or reactive metals, as it may result in hazardous chemical reactions or releases of toxic gases.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride with the product name, hazard symbols, handling instructions, and storage conditions to ensure proper identification and safe handling.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not ingest Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Keep food, beverages, and tobacco products away from areas where Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is handled or stored.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling Didecyldimethylammonium chloride on safe handling procedures, emergency response protocols, and the use of personal protective equipment.


Storage:

Container Selection:
Store Didecyldimethylammonium chloride in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or glass, to prevent moisture ingress and contamination.

Temperature Control:
Store Didecyldimethylammonium chloride in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).

Avoid Freezing:
Protect Didecyldimethylammonium chloride from freezing temperatures, as freezing may result in crystallization or solidification of the solution.
If frozen, allow the solution to thaw completely before use.

Separation:
Store Didecyldimethylammonium chloride away from incompatible substances, including strong oxidizing agents, bases, and reactive metals, to prevent chemical reactions or hazards.

Stability:
Didecyldimethylammonium chloride solutions may degrade over time, especially in the presence of air or light. Store containers tightly closed to minimize air exposure and degradation.

Handling Precautions:
Handle containers with care to prevent damage or leakage.
Store containers on shelves or racks with adequate support and spacing to prevent tipping or falling.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures, such as locked storage areas or restricted access, to prevent unauthorized handling or tampering with Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.

Emergency Response:
Have appropriate spill containment and cleanup materials readily available in case of spills or leaks.
Train personnel on proper spill response procedures and emergency protocols.

Didecyldimonium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound.
Didecyldimonium chloride appears as a clear, colorless liquid.
Didecyldimonium chloride has a characteristic ammoniacal odor.
Didecyldimonium chloride is soluble in water.

CAS Number: 7173-51-5
EC Number: 230-525-2

Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, DDAC, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, Decyldimethylammonium chloride, Didecyldimonium chloride, N,N-Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, N-Decyldimethyl-N-dodecylammonium chloride, Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride



APPLICATIONS


Didecyldimonium chloride is widely used as a disinfectant in healthcare facilities.
Didecyldimonium chloride is commonly employed for surface disinfection in hospitals, clinics, and laboratories.

Didecyldimonium chloride is utilized for sanitizing medical equipment, including surgical instruments and hospital furniture.
Didecyldimonium chloride is an effective biocide in water treatment applications.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to cooling water systems to control microbial growth and biofouling.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the food industry for sanitation and disinfection purposes.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain hygiene standards in food processing plants and commercial kitchens.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to cleaning products for its antimicrobial properties.

Didecyldimonium chloride is found in household disinfectants, surface cleaners, and sanitizing wipes.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in agricultural settings for disinfecting equipment and livestock facilities.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of industrial fluids, such as metalworking fluids and lubricants.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps prevent microbial contamination and degradation in these fluids.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of paints, coatings, and adhesives to inhibit microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to personal care products, such as shampoos and body washes, as an antimicrobial agent.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps prevent microbial spoilage and contamination in these products.
Didecyldimonium chloride is utilized in the preservation of textiles and leather goods to inhibit microbial degradation.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps extend the shelf life and maintain the quality of these materials.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of cosmetics and toiletries to prevent microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to disinfectant sprays and aerosols for household and commercial use.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of paints, coatings, and adhesives to inhibit microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is applied to hard surfaces for disinfection and sanitization.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in institutional settings such as schools, daycare centers, and gyms to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in water treatment plants for disinfecting drinking water and wastewater.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of wood and timber products to prevent mold and fungal growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride plays a crucial role in various industries for maintaining hygiene, sanitation, and product quality.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of paper and pulp products to prevent microbial degradation.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain the quality and extend the lifespan of paper-based materials.

Didecyldimonium chloride is added to industrial cooling towers to prevent biofouling and microbial contamination.
Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of wooden structures and buildings to inhibit mold and mildew growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps protect wood from decay and deterioration caused by microbial activity.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of household products such as paints, varnishes, and sealants.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to air fresheners and deodorizers for its antimicrobial properties.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps prevent microbial growth and odors in indoor environments.
Didecyldimonium chloride is utilized in the preservation of textiles and fabrics to inhibit the growth of mold, mildew, and bacteria.

Didecyldimonium chloride is applied to swimming pools and spas as a disinfectant and algaecide.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain water clarity and prevent the growth of algae and bacteria.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of plastic and polymer products to prevent microbial degradation.

Didecyldimonium chloride is added to industrial fluids such as cutting oils and hydraulic fluids to prevent microbial contamination.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain the performance and integrity of these fluids.

Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of fuel and oil storage tanks to inhibit microbial growth and biofilm formation.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of marine vessels and structures to prevent marine fouling and corrosion.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps protect ships, boats, and offshore platforms from the effects of microbial colonization.
Didecyldimonium chloride is applied to agricultural equipment and machinery to disinfect and sanitize surfaces.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of animal feed and bedding materials to inhibit mold and fungal growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride helps maintain the quality and safety of feed products.

Didecyldimonium chloride is employed in the preservation of HVAC systems to prevent microbial contamination and biofilm formation.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to wastewater treatment processes to disinfect and sanitize effluent streams.

Didecyldimonium chloride helps ensure the safety and quality of treated wastewater before discharge.
Didecyldimonium chloride is used in the preservation of recreational water facilities such as water parks and hot tubs to prevent microbial contamination.
Didecyldimonium chloride has diverse applications across various industries for maintaining cleanliness, hygiene, and product integrity.



DESCRIPTION


Didecyldimonium chloride, also known as Didecyldimethylammonium chloride or DDAC, is a quaternary ammonium compound widely used as a disinfectant, biocide, and surfactant.
Didecyldimonium chloride is derived from the reaction between didecyldimethylamine and hydrochloric acid.

Didecyldimonium chloride is cationic in nature and exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Due to its efficacy and relatively low toxicity, Didecyldimonium chloride is commonly utilized in various industries, including healthcare, food processing, water treatment, and household cleaning.

In addition to its antimicrobial properties, Didecyldimonium chloride also functions as a surfactant, helping to lower surface tension and facilitate the removal of dirt, grease, and other contaminants from surfaces.
Didecyldimonium chloride is often found in disinfectant formulations, sanitizing solutions, antiseptic products, and industrial cleaners.
Didecyldimonium chloride is typically supplied as a clear, colorless liquid and may be diluted with water for use at various concentrations depending on the application.

Didecyldimonium chloride is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound.
Didecyldimonium chloride appears as a clear, colorless liquid.

Didecyldimonium chloride has a characteristic ammoniacal odor.
Didecyldimonium chloride is soluble in water.
Didecyldimonium chloride is also soluble in polar organic solvents.

Didecyldimonium chloride has low viscosity.
Didecyldimonium chloride exhibits moderate to high surface tension.
Didecyldimonium chloride is stable under normal storage conditions.

Didecyldimonium chloride is corrosive to metals in concentrated form.
Didecyldimonium chloride is classified as a biocide and disinfectant.

Didecyldimonium chloride is effective against a wide range of microorganisms.
Didecyldimonium chloride disrupts the cell membranes of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Didecyldimonium chloride is commonly used in healthcare settings for surface disinfection.
Didecyldimonium chloride is also employed in the food industry for sanitation purposes.

Didecyldimonium chloride is used in water treatment to control microbial growth.
Didecyldimonium chloride is added to cleaning products for its antimicrobial properties.
Didecyldimonium chloride is sometimes found in personal care products as an antimicrobial agent.

Didecyldimonium chloride may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact.
Didecyldimonium chloride is important to handle the compound with care and use appropriate personal protective equipment.

Didecyldimonium chloride is often diluted with water before use.
Didecyldimonium chloride is effective at relatively low concentrations.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C22H48ClN
Molecular Weight: Approximately 362.08 g/mol
Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Ammoniacal odor
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in polar organic solvents
Melting Point: Approximately -40°C
Boiling Point: Approximately 130-135°C
Density: Approximately 0.98-1.0 g/cm³
pH: Typically alkaline (pH > 7)
Viscosity: Low to moderate viscosity
Surface Tension: Moderate to high surface tension
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.42-1.44
Corrosivity: Corrosive to metals in concentrated form
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions
Flammability: Non-flammable
Vapor Pressure: Low vapor pressure
Hygroscopicity: Minimal to none
Acidity/Basicity: Basic (alkaline)
Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms at high concentrations
Biodegradability: Relatively low biodegradability



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If Didecyldimonium chloride vapors are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Ensure Breathing:
Check the person's airway, breathing, and circulation.
If breathing is difficult, ensure an open airway and provide rescue breathing if necessary.

Seek Medical Attention:
If symptoms such as difficulty breathing, coughing, or respiratory distress persist, seek medical attention promptly.

Provide Oxygen:
If available and trained to do so, administer oxygen to the affected person while awaiting medical assistance.

Keep Calm and Reassure:
Keep the affected person calm and reassure them while waiting for medical help.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Didecyldimonium chloride comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove any contaminated clothing.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough rinsing to remove any traces of Didecyldimonium chloride.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap or detergent to gently cleanse the skin, avoiding harsh chemicals that may exacerbate irritation.

Apply Moisturizer:
After washing, apply a soothing moisturizer or emollient to the affected area to help soothe and hydrate the skin.

Seek Medical Advice:
If skin irritation persists or worsens, seek medical advice or consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

Flush with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If wearing contact lenses, remove them as soon as possible to facilitate irrigation of the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact an eye specialist if irritation, pain, or redness persists after flushing.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting if Didecyldimonium chloride has been ingested, as it may lead to further complications.

Do Not Drink Water:
Refrain from giving anything by mouth to the affected person unless instructed by medical personnel.

Seek Medical Assistance:
Immediately contact a poison control center or seek medical assistance for further guidance and treatment.

Provide Information:
Provide medical personnel with details regarding the amount ingested, the time of ingestion, and any symptoms experienced by the affected person.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), when handling Didecyldimonium chloride to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use local exhaust ventilation or work in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of vapors or fumes.
Avoid breathing in Didecyldimonium chloride vapors or mists.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin contact with Didecyldimonium chloride.
In case of skin contact, promptly wash affected areas with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or mists of Didecyldimonium chloride.
In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Handling Equipment:
Use equipment made of compatible materials, such as stainless steel, glass, or plastic, for handling and transferring Didecyldimonium chloride.
Avoid the use of reactive metals like aluminum or copper.

Prevent Spills:
Handle Didecyldimonium chloride containers with care to prevent spills or leaks.
Use appropriate containment measures, such as secondary containment trays or spill kits, in areas where spills may occur.

Do Not Mix:
Avoid mixing Didecyldimonium chloride with incompatible substances, such as strong bases, oxidizing agents, or reactive metals, as it may result in hazardous chemical reactions or releases of toxic gases.

Labeling: Clearly label containers of Didecyldimonium chloride with the product name, hazard symbols, handling instructions, and storage conditions to ensure proper identification and safe handling.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not ingest Didecyldimonium chloride.
Keep food, beverages, and tobacco products away from areas where Didecyldimonium chloride is handled or stored.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling Didecyldimonium chloride on safe handling procedures, emergency response protocols, and the use of personal protective equipment.


Storage:

Container Selection:
Store Didecyldimonium chloride in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or glass, to prevent moisture ingress and contamination.

Temperature Control:
Store Didecyldimonium chloride in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).

Avoid Freezing:
Protect Didecyldimonium chloride from freezing temperatures, as freezing may result in crystallization or solidification of the solution.
If frozen, allow the solution to thaw completely before use.

Separation:
Store Didecyldimonium chloride away from incompatible substances, including strong oxidizing agents, bases, and reactive metals, to prevent chemical reactions or hazards.

Stability:
Didecyldimonium chloride solutions may degrade over time, especially in the presence of air or light.
Store containers tightly closed to minimize air exposure and degradation.

Handling Precautions:
Handle containers with care to prevent damage or leakage.
Store containers on shelves or racks with adequate support and spacing to prevent tipping or falling.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures, such as locked storage areas or restricted access, to prevent unauthorized handling or tampering with Didecyldimonium chloride.

Emergency Response:
Have appropriate spill containment and cleanup materials readily available in case of spills or leaks.
Train personnel on proper spill response procedures and emergency protocols.

2,2'-Iminobisethanol; Diethylolamine; DEA; Diolamine; Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; N,N-Diethanolamine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; iminodiethanol; Diaethanolamin (German); Diethanolamin (Czech); 2,2'-iminobis-Ethanol; Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Iminodiethanol; 2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; 2,2'-Iminobis[ethanol]; 2,2'-Iminodi-1-ethanol; 2,2'-Iminodiethanol; N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; cas no: 111-42-2

2,2'-Iminobisethanol; Diethylolamine; DEA; Diolamine; Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; N,N-Diethanolamine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; iminodiethanol; Diaethanolamin (German); Diethanolamin (Czech); 2,2'-iminobis-Ethanol; Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Iminodiethanol; 2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine; 2,2'-Iminobis[ethanol]; 2,2'-Iminodi-1-ethanol; 2,2'-Iminodiethanol; N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine; cas no: 111-42-2

Diethyl Isopropanol Amine; DiethanolisopropanolaMine (DEIPA); 2,2'-(2-Hydroxypropylimino)bisethanol; 2,2'-[(2-Hydroxypropyl)imino]bisethanol; 2-Propanol, 1-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-; 1-[BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINO]-2-PROPANOL; N,N-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ISOPROPANOLAMINE; 1-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]propane-2-ol; 1-[bis-2-hydroxy-ethyl-amino]-propan-2-ol; 1-(N,N-bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino)propan-2-ol; 1-[bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-propan-2-ol; 1-[N,N-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINO]-2-PROPANOL; 1-[N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol,94%; 1-[N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-propanol 94% CAS NO:6712-98-7

2,2'-DIHYDROXYDIETHYLAMINE; 2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL; 2,2-IMINODIETHANOL; 2,2'-IMINODIETHANOL,BIS(BETA-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE; BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE; BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE IMINODIETHANOL; DI(2-HYDROXYETHYL)AMINE; DI-BETA-HYDROXYETHYLAMINE; DIETHANOLAMINE; DIETHANOLAMINE SUBSTRATE BUFFER; DIETHYLOLAMINE; LABOTEST-BB LTBB000446; 2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxy-ethylamino)-ethanol; 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-ethanol; 2,2’-dihydroxy-diethylamin; 2,2’-iminobis-ethano; 2,2’-iminobisethanol; 2,2’-iminobis-Ethanol CAS NO:111-42-2

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is a chemical compound used as a cement grinding aid and performance enhancer in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is an alkanol amine that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ethanolamines.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often employed in the production of Portland and blended cements, where it helps improve the grinding efficiency, resulting in enhanced cement properties.

CAS Number: 6712-98-7
EC Number: 229-470-3

Diisopropanolamine, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isopropanolamine, Diisopropylolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Dipropylene glycol monoisopropanolamine, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Isocyanatoethyl-2,2-diisopropyl-1-oxa-2-silacyclopentane, Propanolamine,diethoxy-, 2-Diisopropanolaminoethanol, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N,N-Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, 2,2'-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)imino]bis(propan-1-ol), 2-Propanol, 1-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-, Diethanol-isopropanolamine, Diisopropanol-amine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)isopropanolamine, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropylolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodiethanol, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N,N-Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropylolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, Diethanolisopropanolamine, N-Ethylmonoethanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropanolamine, N,N-Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), 2-Hydroxy-N,N-diisopropyl-ethanamine, 2-Diisopropylaminoethanol, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol), Diisopropanolamine, 2,2'-Iminodi(ethanol).



APPLICATIONS


Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is extensively used as a cement grinding aid in the construction industry.
One of its primary applications is to enhance the efficiency of the cement grinding process during the production of Portland and blended cements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a crucial role in reducing the energy consumption associated with cement milling.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed to improve the grindability of clinker, leading to finer particles and increased surface area.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the overall performance of cement by promoting better particle dispersion and preventing agglomeration.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is known for its ability to increase the early and late strength of cement, resulting in improved quality.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used to optimize various cement production parameters, including setting time and rheological properties.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is compatible with different types of cement, allowing its versatile application in various manufacturing processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in controlled dosages, ensuring efficient performance without negatively affecting the properties of the final cement product.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in combination with other cement additives to achieve specific performance targets and characteristics.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%)'s application is vital for cement manufacturers seeking to meet industry standards and regulatory requirements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is an integral part of the ongoing efforts in the cement industry to enhance sustainability and reduce environmental impact.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of cement additives, contributing to the development of innovative and high-performance construction materials.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in optimizing the properties of specialty cements designed for specific construction needs.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in research and development activities aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cement grinding aids.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized to achieve desired properties in the final cement product, such as increased strength, durability, and workability.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the reduction of clinker usage in cement production, supporting efforts to conserve natural resources.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the production of tailor-made cements for specific construction applications and environmental conditions.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is crucial in the development of sustainable and high-performance concrete mixes used in infrastructure projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the optimization of cement production processes, contributing to the overall cost-effectiveness of manufacturing.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the formulation of cement admixtures to enhance the workability and flow characteristics of concrete.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is part of quality control measures to ensure consistent and reliable performance across different cement formulations.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%)'s applications extend to the improvement of cement properties in various environmental conditions and climatic challenges.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used by cement manufacturers as a key ingredient to achieve specific performance characteristics required by construction standards.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be a subject of study and innovation, with ongoing research aimed at expanding its applications and improving its efficiency in the cement industry.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed to optimize the cement milling process, ensuring finer particle size distribution for improved cement quality.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) acts as a dispersing agent, preventing the agglomeration of cement particles during grinding.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) enhances the fluidity of cement, making it easier to handle and transport during construction.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the reduction of clinker consumption, supporting sustainability goals in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of low-temperature cements, enabling applications in cold weather conditions.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the formulation of specialty cements used in the oil and gas industry, including well cementing processes.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is integral in the development of high-performance concrete mixes for demanding structural applications.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the manufacturing of self-leveling and self-compacting concrete, enhancing workability and performance.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied to achieve specific rheological properties in cement, allowing for precise control over the flow characteristics.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in reducing the water demand of cement, leading to more sustainable and eco-friendly construction practices.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the production of blended cements with improved durability and resistance to chemical attacks.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the production of sulfate-resistant cements for applications in aggressive environments.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of cement admixtures to enhance the setting time and early strength of concrete.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of low-alkali cements, reducing the risk of alkali-silica reaction in concrete.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the production of high-strength and high-performance concrete for critical infrastructure projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in precast concrete manufacturing to improve the efficiency of molding and casting processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of decorative and architectural concrete, enhancing surface finish and aesthetics.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used to modify the properties of pozzolanic cements, influencing their reactivity and performance.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the production of rapid-setting cements, allowing for faster construction processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of environmentally friendly cements with reduced carbon footprint.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the formulation of cementitious grouts for applications such as structural repairs and foundation stabilization.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of specialty mortars for specific construction requirements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied to optimize the performance of shotcrete used in tunneling and underground construction.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in research endeavors exploring its potential applications in novel and advanced cementitious materials.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be a subject of exploration in the field of green building materials, contributing to sustainable and resilient construction practices.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is instrumental in the production of high-performance concrete used in demanding structural applications like bridges and skyscrapers.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied to enhance the durability and resistance to chemical attacks in various types of specialized cement.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the formulation of low-alkali cements, reducing the risk of alkali-silica reaction in concrete structures.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of self-healing concrete, improving the longevity and maintenance of infrastructure.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of expansive cements, aiding in controlling volume changes during the setting and hardening processes.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in creating high-strength mortar used in the construction of load-bearing walls and other structural elements.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the production of non-shrink grouts, ensuring a stable and durable foundation for heavy machinery and equipment.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of colored concrete, allowing for a wide range of decorative and aesthetic possibilities.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds use in the manufacturing of fiber-reinforced concrete, improving tensile strength and crack resistance.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of lightweight concrete used in applications where reduced structural weight is critical.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed in the production of high-performance shotcrete, providing reliable support in tunneling and slope stabilization projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of underwater concrete, ensuring proper cohesion and setting even in submerged conditions.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of polymer-modified concrete, enhancing flexibility, and reducing permeability.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the formulation of fire-resistant concrete, contributing to the safety of structures in fire-prone environments.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the development of pervious concrete, allowing for improved water drainage and reduced runoff.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the manufacturing of air-entrained concrete, enhancing freeze-thaw resistance in cold climates.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the production of high-density concrete, commonly used in radiation shielding applications.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the development of low-heat concrete, reducing the risk of thermal cracking during the hydration process.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is applied in the production of high-volume fly ash concrete, utilizing industrial by-products for sustainable construction.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in the formulation of special purpose concretes for applications in the nuclear and waste containment industries.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) finds application in the production of geopolymer concrete, offering an alternative to traditional Portland cement-based materials.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a role in the manufacturing of concrete pipes, ensuring optimal strength and durability in water and wastewater systems.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is utilized in the production of pre-stressed concrete, improving the structural integrity of beams and columns.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is involved in the formulation of expansive grouts, aiding in soil stabilization and foundation repair projects.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be explored for its potential applications in emerging trends, such as 3D printing of concrete structures and sustainable construction practices.



DESCRIPTION


Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is a chemical compound used as a cement grinding aid and performance enhancer in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is an alkanol amine that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ethanolamines.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often employed in the production of Portland and blended cements, where it helps improve the grinding efficiency, resulting in enhanced cement properties.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is a versatile chemical compound with applications in the cement industry.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is known for its role as a cement grinding aid and performance enhancer.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) belongs to the ethanolamine family, containing both amine and alcohol functional groups.

With a molecular weight of approximately 163.21 g/mol, DEIPA is soluble in water.
The chemical formula for DEIPA is C7H17NO3, reflecting its composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often used to improve the efficiency of cement grinding processes, leading to enhanced cement properties.

The 85% concentration in DEIPA 85% indicates the strength of the solution commonly available in the market.
As a grinding aid, DEIPA contributes to the reduction of the viscosity of cement during the grinding process, improving its fluidity.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is compatible with various types of cement, including Portland and blended cements.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is chosen for its ability to enhance both early and late strength of cement, resulting in improved overall quality.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is used in controlled dosages based on specific cement formulations and production requirements.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) plays a vital role in the reduction of energy consumption during cement grinding.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is known for its relatively low toxicity compared to some alternative grinding aids.
The chemical compatibility of DEIPA allows its use in combination with other cement additives.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed to increase the grindability of clinker and improve the overall efficiency of the cement production process.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is often handled in industrial settings with appropriate safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) contributes to the performance of cement by promoting better particle dispersion and reducing agglomeration.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) serves as a valuable tool for cement manufacturers aiming to achieve specific quality and performance targets.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%)'s application is crucial in optimizing cement production parameters for varying environmental conditions.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is part of the ongoing efforts in the cement industry to enhance sustainability and resource efficiency.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) undergoes strict quality control measures to ensure consistent performance in different cement formulations.

Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is employed as a key ingredient in the formulation of cement additives to meet specific industry requirements.
The use of Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) aligns with industry standards and regulations governing cement production.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) is stored and transported in accordance with safety guidelines to prevent any potential hazards.
Diethanol Isopropanolamine 85% (DEIPA 85%) continues to be a subject of research and development, with ongoing efforts to improve its efficiency and applicability in the cement manufacturing process.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C7H17NO3
Molecular Weight: Approximately 163.21 g/mol
Appearance: Clear liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor
Solubility in Water: Soluble
pH (1% solution): Approximately 9.0 - 11.0
Boiling Point: Not readily available
Melting Point: Not readily available
Density: Approximately 1.03 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Flash Point: Not readily available
Autoignition Temperature: Not readily available
Vapor Pressure: Not readily available
Viscosity: Not readily available
Refractive Index: Not readily available
Freezing Point: Not readily available
Vapor Density: Not readily available
Flammability: Not readily available
Explosive Properties: Not classified as explosive
Corrosivity: May cause corrosion in metals under certain conditions
Partition Coefficient (Log P): Not readily available
Critical Temperature: Not readily available
Critical Pressure: Not readily available
Evaporation Rate: Not readily available
Stability: Stable under normal conditions



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
Allow the person to rest in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen if trained to do so.
Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation persists or if symptoms worsen.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation, redness, or rash develops, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be laundered before reuse.


Eye Contact:

In case of eye contact, flush eyes with plenty of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation persists or if there is evidence of injury.


Ingestion:

If DEIPA is accidentally ingested, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly and drink plenty of water.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.
Provide the medical personnel with information about the ingested substance.


General First Aid Measures:

If someone shows signs of irritation or an allergic reaction after exposure to DEIPA, remove the person from the source of exposure.
Provide comfort and reassurance to the affected individual.
If there are visible signs of chemical burns, rinse the affected area with copious amounts of water.
If the person is unconscious or experiencing difficulty breathing, seek emergency medical assistance immediately.
Do not administer any medication or other substances unless directed by medical professionals.


Notes for Medical Personnel:

DEIPA is an alkanolamine, and exposure may cause irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes.
Provide supportive care based on the individual's symptoms and the severity of exposure.
If skin burns occur, assess the extent of the burns and provide appropriate wound care.
In case of ingestion, monitor vital signs and provide treatment based on the symptoms.


Additional Information:

Always have a copy of the safety data sheet (SDS) readily available for emergency responders.
Follow workplace protocols and emergency response procedures in case of accidental exposure.
If there is uncertainty about the extent of exposure or the severity of symptoms, seek professional medical advice promptly.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or if exposure limits are exceeded.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area, or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid inhaling vapors or mists.

Avoidance of Contact:
Minimize direct skin contact.
If contact occurs, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling DEIPA.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical.
Provide eye wash stations and safety showers in areas where DEIPA is handled.

Spill Response:
In case of spills, contain the spill using suitable absorbent materials.
Avoid contact with spilled material, and follow proper cleanup procedures.
Dispose of contaminated materials in accordance with local regulations.

Equipment Handling:
Use appropriate handling equipment and tools to minimize direct contact with DEIPA.
Ensure equipment is properly maintained to prevent leaks or spills.

Transportation:
Transport DEIPA in accordance with local and international regulations.
Use suitable containers that are compatible with the substance.


Storage Conditions:

Storage Location:
Store DEIPA in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep away from incompatible materials and sources of heat.

Temperature Control:
Store at temperatures specified by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Container Type:
Use containers made of materials compatible with DEIPA.
Consult the SDS for guidance.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Protection from Elements:
Protect DEIPA from direct sunlight, moisture, and sources of ignition.

Separation from Incompatibles:
Store DEIPA away from incompatible substances, such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents.
Follow compatibility information provided in the SDS.

Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities, use appropriate storage facilities with containment measures to prevent spills and leaks.
Implement spill response and containment measures.

Labeling:
Ensure that storage containers are clearly labeled with the product name, hazard symbols, and other relevant information.
Clearly mark containers with appropriate hazard warnings.

Security Measures:
Implement appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the storage area.
Comply with local regulations and facility security protocols.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response procedures in place, including spill cleanup measures and contact information for relevant authorities.
Train personnel on emergency response protocols.

Diethanolamine is an organic base which has been used as an emulsifying and dispersing agent.
Diethanolamine can also be used as a basic buffer, with optimal pH about pH 9, if titrated with HCl or other acid.
Other uses include: to "scrub" gases, as a chemical intermediate, as humectant or softening agent.

CAS: 111-42-2
MF: C4H11NO2
MW: 105.14
EINECS: 203-868-0

Synonyms
DIETHANOLAMINE;111-42-2;2,2'-Iminodiethanol;Diolamine;Iminodiethanol;2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;Diethylolamine;2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine;N,N-Diethanolamine;Diethanolamin;Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-;2,2'-Iminobisethanol;2,2'-Azanediyldiethanol;Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;N,N'-Iminodiethanol;Niax DEOA-LF;Diaethanolamin;Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine;Dabco DEOA-LF;N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;2,2'-Iminodi-1-ethanol;2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethan-1-ol;N,N-Di(hydroxyethyl)amine;61791-44-4;H2dea;NCI-C55174;Di(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine;Bis-2-hydroxyethylamine;Diethylamine, 2,2'-dihydroxy-;Diolamine [INN];Tegoamin deoa 85;Ethanol, 2,2'-iminodi-;NSC 4959;2,2'Iminobisethanol;MFCD00002843;CCRIS 5906;HSDB 924

Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2.
Pure diethanolamine is a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool meaning that it is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid.
Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol.
Like other organic amines, diethanolamine acts as a weak base.
Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the secondary amine and hydroxyl groups, DEA is soluble in water.

Diethanolamine Chemical Properties
Melting point: 28 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 217 °C/150 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 1.097 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 3.6 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.477(lit.)
Fp: 280 °F
Storage temp: 2-8°C
Solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: Viscous Liquid or Low Melting Solid
Color: APHA: ≤15
Specific Gravity: 1.09
Odor: Mild ammoniacal; faint, fishy; characteristic.
PH: 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O)
Pka: 8.88(at 25℃)
Explosive limit: 2.1-10.6%(V)
Water Solubility: MISCIBLE
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.04
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02
Merck: 14,3107
BRN: 605315
LogP: -2.46 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 111-42-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Diethanolamine(111-42-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Diethanolamine (111-42-2)

Uses
Diethanolamine is used as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor.
Diethanolamine is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas.

Diethanolamine is widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and diethanolamine salts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners.
In oil refineries, Diethanolamine in water solution is commonly used to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas.
Diethanolamine has an advantage over a similar amine, ethanolamine, in that a higher concentration may be used for the same corrosion potential.
This allows refiners to scrub hydrogen sulfide at a lower circulating amine rate with less overall energy usage.

To scrub gases as indicated under ethanolamine.
Diethanolamine can be used with cracking gases and coal or oil gases which contain carbonyl sulfide that would react with monoethanolamine.
As rubber chemicals intermediate.
In the manufacture of surface active agents used in textile specialties, herbicides, petroleum demulsifiers.
As emulsifier and dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
In the production of lubricants for the textile industry.
As humectant and softening agent.

Diethanolamine undergoes reactions characteristic of secondary amines and of alcohols.
Two industrially important reactions of the ethanolamines involve reaction with carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide to yield water soluble salts, and reaction with long chain fatty acids to form neutral ethanolamine soaps.
Substituted ethanolamine compounds, such as soaps, are used extensively as emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents, and detergents in cosmetic formulations (including skin cleaners, creams, and lotions).
Diethanolamine is used as a dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, as an absorbent for acidic gases (hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide), as a humectant, as an intermediate in the synthesis of morpholine, as a surface-active agent in cutting fluids, as a corrosion inhibitor, as a component in textile specialty agents, and as a secondary vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry.
Diethanolamine is also used in cleaners and pharmaceutical ointments, in polyurethane formulations, in herbicides, and in a variety of organic syntheses.
Diethanolamine is permitted in articles intended for use in the production, processing, or packaging of food, and is permitted as a secondary direct food additive from use in delinting cottonseed in the production of cottonseed oil or meal cake.
Because of the wide industrial and consumer uses, large amounts of this chemical are discharged into water and sewage in an unaltered form.

Preparation
Diethanolamine is prepared commercially by the ammonolysis of ethylene oxide.
The reaction yields a mixture of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine which is separated to obtain the pure products.

Production Methods
Diethanolamine is produced with monoethanolamine and triethanolamine by ammonolysis of ethylene oxide; Diethanolamine is then separated by distillation.

DIETHANOLAMINE Diethanolamine Diethanolamine Skeletal formula of Diethanolamine Ball-and-stick model of the Diethanolaminemolecule Names IUPAC name 2,2'-aminodiethanol Other names Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine β,β'-Dihydroxydiethylamine Diolamine 2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol 2,2'-Iminobisethanol Iminodiethanol Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)amine 2,2'-Iminodiethanol Identifiers CAS Number 111-42-2 check 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image 3DMet B01050 Beilstein Reference 605315 ChEBI CHEBI:28123 check ChEMBL ChEMBL119604 check ChemSpider 13835604 check ECHA InfoCard 100.003.517 Edit this at Wikidata EC Number 203-868-0 KEGG D02337 check MeSH Diethanolamine PubChem CID 8113 RTECS number KL2975000 UNII AZE05TDV2V check CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID3021932 Edit this at Wikidata InChI[show] SMILES[show] Properties Chemical formula C4H11NO2 Molar mass 105.137 g·mol−1 Appearance Colourless crystals Odor Ammonia odor Density 1.097 g·mL−1 Melting point 28.00 °C; 82.40 °F; 301.15 K Boiling point 271.1 °C; 519.9 °F; 544.2 K Solubility in water Miscible log P -1.761 Vapor pressure <1 Pa (at 20 °C) UV-vis (λmax) 260 nm Refractive index (nD) 1.477 Thermochemistry Heat capacity (C) 137 J·K−1·mol−1 Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) −496.4 – −491.2 kJ·mol−1 Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) −26.548 – −26.498 MJ·kmol−1 Hazards Safety data sheet sciencelab.com GHS pictograms GHS05: Corrosive GHS07: Harmful GHS08: Health hazard GHS Signal word Danger GHS hazard statements H302, H315, H318, H373 GHS precautionary statements P280, P305+351+338 Flash point 138 °C (280 °F; 411 K) Autoignition temperature 365 °C (689 °F; 638 K) Explosive limits 1.6–9.8%[1] Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LD50 (median dose) 120 mg·kg−1 (intraperitoneal, rat) 710 mg·kg−1 (oral, rat) 778 mg·kg−1 (intravaneous, rat) 12.2 g·kg−1 (dermal, rabbit) NIOSH (US health exposure limits): PEL (Permissible) None[1] REL (Recommended) TWA: 3 ppm (15 mg/m3)[1] IDLH (Immediate danger) N.D.[1] Related compounds Related alkanols N-Methylethanolamine Dimethylethanolamine Diethylethanolamine N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol Methyl Diethanolamine Triethanolamine Bis-tris methane Meglumine Related compounds Diethylhydroxylamine Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). check verify (what is check☒ ?) Infobox references Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as Diethanolamineor DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2. Pure Diethanolaminei s a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool[2] mean it is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid. Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol. Like other organic amines, Diethanolamine acts as a weak base. Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the secondary amine and hydroxyl groups, Diethanolamine is soluble in water. Amides prepared from Diethanolamine are often also hydrophilic. In 2013, the chemical was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B). Production The reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous ammonia first produces ethanolamine: C2H4O + NH3 → H2NCH2CH2OH which reacts with a second and third equivalent of ethylene oxide to give Diethanolamineand triethanolamine: C2H4O + H2NCH2CH2OH → HN(CH2CH2OH)2 C2H4O + HN(CH2CH2OH)2 → N(CH2CH2OH)3 About 300M kg are produced annually in this way.[3] The ratio of the products can be controlled by changing the stoichiometry of the reactants.[4] Uses Diethanolamine is used as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor. It is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas. Diethanolamineis widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and Diethanolaminesalts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners.[5]In oil refineries, a Diethanolaminein water solution is commonly used to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas. It has an advantage over a similar amine, ethanolamine, in that a higher concentration may be used for the same corrosion potential. This allows refiners to scrub hydrogen sulfide at a lower circulating amine rate with less overall energy usage. Diethanolamineis a chemical feedstock used in the production of morpholine.[3][4] Morpholine from DEA.png Amides derived from Diethanolamineand fatty acids, known as diethanolamides, are amphiphilic. The reaction of 2-chloro-4,5-diphenyloxazole with Diethanolaminegave rise to Ditazole. The reaction of Diethanolamineand Isobutyraldehyde with water removed produces an Oxazolidine. Commonly used ingredients that may contain DEA Diethanolamineis used in the production of diethanolamides, which are common ingredients in cosmetics and shampoos added to confer a creamy texture and foaming action. Consequently, some cosmetics that include diethanolamides as ingredients contain DEA. [6]Some of the most commonly used diethanolamides include: Cocamide DEA DEA-Cetyl Phosphate DiethanolamineOleth-3 Phosphate Lauramide DEA Myristamide DEA Oleamide DEA Safety Diethanolamineis a potential skin irritant in workers sensitized by exposure to water-based metalworking fluids.[7] One study showed that Diethanolamineinhibits in baby mice the absorption of choline, which is necessary for brain development and maintenance;[8] however, a study in humans determined that dermal treatment for 1 month with a commercially available skin lotion containing Diethanolamineresulted in Diethanolaminelevels that were "far below those concentrations associated with perturbed brain development in the mouse".[9] In a mouse study of chronic exposure to inhaled Diethanolamineat high concentrations (above 150 mg/m3), Diethanolaminewas found to induce body and organ weight changes, clinical and histopathological changes, indicative of mild blood, liver, kidney and testicular systemic toxicity.[10] A 2009 study found that Diethanolaminehas potential acute, chronic and subchronic toxicity properties for aquatic species. Properties of diethanolamine Molecular Formula:C4H11NO2 Molecular Weight:105.137 g/mol Flash Point:176°(349°F) Boiling Point:268-270° Flash Point:176°(349°F) Density:1.097 Diethanolamine (DEA or DEOA) is a colorless, viscous liquid organic chemical compound that is both a secondary amine and a dialcohol. According to the International Agency for Research, the compound is a suspected carcinogen to humans. The hydrophilic liquid is used as a surfactant as well as a corrosion inhibitor. DEA is also used to remove hydrogen sulfide from natural gas. Reactivity Profile Diethanolamine is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. This compound is hygroscopic. It may be sensitive to exposure to air and light. This compound can react with oxidizing materials, acids, CO2, copper alloys, aluminum, zinc, galvanized iron and copper. Applications Diethanolamine is used in the preparation of morpholine and diethanolamides, which is an active ingredient in cosmetics and shampoos. It acts as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor. It is utilized to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas. Further, it is an intermediate used in the rubber chemicals, as a humectant and a softening agent, and as an emulsifier and dispersing agent in agricultural chemicals. In addition to this, it is used in cutting oils, cleaners, soaps, polishers, and pharmaceuticals. Health Hazard Information Acute Effects: Acute inhalation exposure to diethanolamine in humans may result in irritation of the nose and throat, and dermal exposure may result in irritation of the skin. Animal studies indicate that exposure to diethanolamine by intravenous injections can cause increased blood pressure, pupillary dilatation, and salivation. At very high doses in animals, sedation, and coma may result. Acute animal studies have shown that dermal exposure to diethanolamine may burn skin, and eye contact with the chemical may impair vision. Acute animal tests in rats have shown diethanolamine to have moderate acute toxicity from oral exposure. Chronic Effects (Noncancer): No information is available on the chronic effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported effects on the liver, kidney, blood, and CNS from chronic oral exposure to diethanolamine. Skin lesions were observed in mice following daily topical administration of diethanolamine. EPA has not established a Reference Concentration (RfC) or a Reference Dose (RfD) for diethanolamine. The California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) has established a chronic reference exposure level of 0.02 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m ) for diethanolamine based on effects on the blood in rats. The CalEPA reference exposure level is a concentration at or below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur. It is not a direct estimator of risk but rather a reference point to gauge the potential effects. At lifetime exposures increasingly greater than the reference exposure level, the potential for adverse health effects increases. Reproductive/Developmental Effects: No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported testicular degeneration and reduced sperm motility and count from oral exposure to diethanolamine. Cancer Risk: No information is available on the carcinogenic effects of diethanolamine in humans. EPA has not classified diethanolamine for carcinogenicity. Air & Water Reactions Water soluble. Fire Hazard Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors are generated when heated. Health Hazard Irritation of eyes and skin. Breathing vapors may cause coughing, a smothering sensation, nausea, headache. Diethanolamine appears as oily colorless liquid or solid white crystals. Slight rotten fish or ammonia odor. Denser than water. (USCG, 1999) CAMEO Chemicals Diethanolamine is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethanolamine having a N-hydroxyethyl substituent. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite. It derives from an ethanolamine. ChEBI Diethanolamine is used in a number of consumer products, such as shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Limited information is available on the health effects of diethanolamine. Acute (short- term) inhalation exposure to diethanolamine in humans may result in irritation of the nose and throat, and dermal exposure may irritate the skin. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported effects on the liver, kidney, blood, and central nervous system (CNS) from chronic oral exposure to diethanolamine. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) reported an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice from dermal exposure to diethanolamine. EPA has not classified diethanolamine for carcinogenicity. Molecular Weight of Diethanolamine 105.14 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) XLogP3 -1.4 Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Diethanolamine 3 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Diethanolamine 3 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Rotatable Bond Count of Diethanolamine 4 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact Mass of Diethanolamine 105.078979 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic Mass of Diethanolamine 105.078979 g/mol Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological Polar Surface Area of Diethanolamine 52.5 Ų Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Heavy Atom Count of Diethanolamine 7 Computed by PubChem Formal Charge of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Complexity of Diethanolamine 28.9 Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Isotope Atom Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Diethanolamine 0 Computed by PubChem Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Diethanolamine 1 Computed by PubChem Compound of Diethanolamine Is Canonicalized Yes Technical products and impurities Diethanolamine is commercially available with the following specifications: purity, 99% min.; monoethanolamine, 0.5% max.; triethanolamine 0.5% max.; and water content, 0.15% max. (Huntsman Corporation, 2008). A lower grade of diethanolamine is commercially available with the following specifications: purity, 55% min.; monoethanolamine, 5% max.; triethanolamine 40% max.; and water content, 1% max. (Elarum, 2010). In Europe, diethanolamine is typically marketed with the following specifications: purity, > 99%; triethanolamine, 1% max.; monoethanolamine, 0.5% max.; and water content, 0.2% max. (OECD, 2007). Diethanolamine is also available as a blend of 83–87% diethanolamine and 13–17% deionized water with monoethanolamine and triethanolamine present as impurities at a maximum concentration of 1% (Huntsman Corporation, 2007). 1.1.5. Analysis Diethanolamine can be determined in workplace air by drawing the air sample through aqueous hexanesulfonic acid and analysing with ion chromatography. The range for this method is 0.30–19.5 mg for a 100-L air sample (NIOSH, 2003). Diethanolamine can be determined in air by drawing the air sample through sampling tubes containing XAD-2 resin coated with 10% 1-naphthylisothiocyanate. Samples are analysed by desorbing the adsorbent with dimethylformamide and quantitating the amine derivative by high performance liquid chromatography using ultraviolet detection (OSHA, 2010). Exposure to diethanolamine from metal working fluids has been determined by high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of aqueous hand-washing solutions and personal air samples collected on acid-treated glass fibre filters (Henriks-Eckerman et al., 2007). Levels of diethanolamine in shampoo products can be determined by liquid chromatography/thermal energy analysis after conversion to N-nitrosodiethanolamine with acetic acid and sodium nitrite (Chou, 2005). 1.2. Production and use 1.2.1. Production Diethanolamine is produced by reacting ethylene oxide with ammonia. In most production facilities, ethylene oxide and ammonia are reacted in a batch process that yields a crude mixture of ethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine. The mixture is then distilled to separate and purify the individual compounds (Edens & Lochary, 2004). Ethanolamines became available commercially in the early 1930s; they assumed steadily growing commercial importance as intermediates after 1945, because of the large-scale production of ethylene oxide. Since the mid-1970s, economical production of very pure, colourless ethanolamines has been possible (IARC, 2000). It has been estimated that 45 900 and 75 400 tonnes of diethanolamine were produced in the USA in 1972 and 1983, respectively (HSDB, 2010). Estimated annual production of diethanolamine in the USA over three decades is presented in Table 1.1. Table 1.1. Estimated annual production of diethanolamine in the USA (thousand tonnes). Table 1.1 Estimated annual production of diethanolamine in the USA (thousand tonnes). Worldwide production of ethanolamines in 1985 was approximately (thousand tonnes per year): USA, 220; western Europe, 145; south-eastern Asia, 40; South America, 18; and eastern Europe, 4. Of the world production of ethanolamines in 1985, approximately 50% was mono-ethanolamine, 30–35% diethanolamine and 15–20% triethanolamine (Hammer et al., 1987). The annual world capacity for the ethanolamines in 2005 was estimated at 1 510 000 tonnes, subdivided into 400 000 tonnes for Europe (eight production sites), 780 000 tonnes for North and South America (seven production sites), 30 000 tonnes for the Middle East (one production site) and 300 000 tonnes for the Asia/Pacific region (11 production sites). No data on individual capacities for diethanolamine were available (OECD, 2007). Information available in 2010 indicated that diethanolamine was manufactured by 29 companies in the USA, seven companies in Mexico, three companies each in the People's Republic of China and the United Kingdom, two companies each in Canada, Germany, China (Hong Kong SAR) and India, and one company each in Belgium, Slovak Republic and Switzerland (Chemical Sources International, 2010). Other sources indicated that diethanolamine was produced by five companies in the USA (HSDB, 2010), five companies in Germany, three companies in the United Kingdom, three companies in the Netherlands and one company each in Austria, Belgium, Denmark and Sweden (IUCLID, 2000). 1.2.2. Use Diethanolamine is widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and diethanolamine salts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners. Diethanolamine is also used in the production of lubricants in the textile industry, in industrial gas purification to remove acid gases and as an emulsifer and dispersing agent in preparations of agricultural chemicals. Diethanolamine is used in metalworking fluids for cutting, stamping and die-casting operations as a corrosion inhibitor. In the production of detergents, cleaners, fabric solvents and metalworking fluids, diethanolamine is used for acid neutralization and soil deposition. Aqueous diethanolamine solutions are used as solvents for numerous drugs that are administered intravenously. Shampoos and hair dyes may contain free diethanolamine as a component and/or as a contaminant of fatty acid alkanolamides, generally in the range of 0.2–10% (Bailey, 2007). Diethanolamine is used with sulfolane in the sulfinol process to absorb carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gases The database for substances in preparations in Nordic countries lists a wide variety of uses of diethanolamine registered in Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland. In 2004, 520 preparations containing diethanolamine, accounting for a total volume of 19 865.8 tonnes, were registered in Denmark. In Norway, Sweden, and Finland, 103 (856.8 tonnes), 307 (459.0 tonnes), and 75 (132.7 tonnes) products were registered, respectively. Use categories included intermediates, cleaning/washing agents, paints, lacquers and varnishes, surface treatments, cutting fluids, pH-regulation agents, impregnation materials, surface-active agents, corrosion inhibitors, process regulators, colouring agents, reprographic agents, lubricants and additives. Its use in consumer preparations was indicated for products registered in Norway and Sweden (SPIN, 2006; OECD, 2008). 1.3. Occurrence and exposure 1.3.1. Natural occurrence Diethanolamine is not known to occur as a natural product. 1.3.2. Occupational exposure Diethanolamine is present in water-based machining and grinding fluids (soluble oils, semi-synthetic and synthetic metalworking fluids) and has been detected in workplace air in the metal manufacturing industry. It was detected in bulk metalworking fluids at levels ranging from 4 to 5% (Kenyon et al., 1993). Recent exposure to diethanolamine can be inferred from studies showed dermal sensitivity among workers exposed to metalworking fluids (Geier et al., 2004a, b). Moreover, the presence of N-nitrosodiethanolamine in bulk fluids and in the urine of exposed workers may provide indirect evidence for the exposure to diethanolamine from these fluids (Ducos & Gaudin, 2003). According to the 1981–83 National Occupational Exposure Survey (NIOSH, 1999), 800 000 workers (many of whom were metalworkers) in the USA were potentially exposed to diethanolamine. The median air concentration of diethanolamine in nine machine shops in Finland was found to be 64 µg/m3 (Henriks-Eckerman et al., 2007). The presence of diethanolamine has also been reported in wetting fluids used in road paving. A level of 0.05 mg/m3 was detected in a stationary sample at a slurry machine discharging a bitumen emulsion containing 0.2% of the amine. All personal exposures were below the limit of detection (0.02 mg/m3) (Levin et al., 1994). In a study in Germany (1992–94), diethanolamine was detected in samples of metalworking fluids at a range of 0–44% (n = 69). The proportion of samples in which diethanolamine was present steadily declined from 90 to 60% over the study period (Pfeiffer et al., 1996). In 1996, 51 samples of cooling lubricant concentrates from the German market were analysed. Of these, six (12%) showed diethanolamine concentrations of more than 0.2%, with a maximum concentration reaching 0.85%. The occurrence of diethanolamine levels above 0.2% in these concentrates declined from 80% (1991–92), to 53% (1993), 25% (1994), 21% (1995), and 12% (1996). The reduction was due to a change in the composition of the coolant fluids that followed regulatory requirements in Germany (see Section 1.4). The detected residues above 0.2% were not due to the direct addition of diethanolamine as an ingredient, but to contamination by other components in the coolant fluids (Kaup et al., 1997). At a site in Germany, diethanolamine is produced in one production plant and is processed further within eight other operations and plants. Between January 2001 and December 2006, data on 53 workplace exposures covering all operations were collected by means of personal air sampling. The reported data are 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) values for shifts. In the production plant, the highest value recorded was 0.026 mg/m3; at the filling stations, the maximum value recorded was 0.062 mg/m3; and the overall range of the measurements (53) was < 0.019–0.062 mg/m3 (OECD, 2008). 1.3.3. Environmental occurrence Production of diethanolamine and its wide use in industrial and consumer products may result in its release into the environment (Yordy & Alexander, 1981; Beyer et al., 1983; Environment Canada, 1995; Mathews et al., 1995; Knaak et al., 1997). (a) Air According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory, air emissions of diethanolamine from 358 industrial facilities in 1994 were approximately 149 200 kg in the USA (US EPA, 1996). According to the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) of Canada, on-site releases of diethanolamine into the air from 74 facilities amounted to about 40 000 kg/year (Environment Canada, 1995). (b) Water Surface water discharges of diethanolamine from 358 industrial facilities in 1994 in the USA amounted to 100 350 kg, as reported in the Toxics Release Inventory (US EPA, 1996). On-site releases of diethanolamine (and its salts) to water from 74 facilities in Canada amounted to about 26 000 kg/year, as reported to the NPRI (Environment Canada, 1995). Because of the spectrum of industrial and consumer uses of diethanolamine and its miscibility with water, large amounts of the chemical can be discharged into wastewater and sewage in an unaltered form (Yordy & Alexander, 1981; Mathews et al., 1995). Diethanolamine was not detected in a study carried out in 1978 in any of the 21 samples taken from surface water in Japan (Japanese Department of Environmental Health, 1985). Diethanolamine was detected in German surface waters of the Rivers Elbe at 0.34–0.58 µg/L, Mulde at 2.54–4.6 µg/L, Neibe at 0.72–1.8 µg/L and Rhine at 0.30–0.59 µg/L (Pietsch et al., 2001; OECD, 2008). (c) Soil Releases of diethanolamine to the land and underground from 358 industrial facilities in the USA in 1994 (as reported to the Toxics Release Inventory) amounted to 77 050 kg and 36 850 kg, respectively (US EPA, 1996). Canadian on-site releases of diethanolamine (and its salts) to land and underground amounted to about 118 000 kg and 497 000 kg/year, respectively, as reported to the NPRI (Environment Canada, 1995). 1.3.4. Occurrence in personal care products Free diethanolamine is reported to be a contaminant in fatty acid-diethanolamine condensates (amides of coconut oil acid, oleic acid and lauric acid) at levels ranging from < 1% to nearly 19%. Diethanolamine also occurs as a contaminant in triethanolamine products (see Table 1.3). Table 1.3. Diethanolamine content of several condensates. Table 1.3 Diethanolamine content of several condensates. Potential exposure to diethanolamine in personal care products arises from the use of alkanolamides of diethanolamine, which are condensation products of diethanolamine and fatty acids (e.g. cocamide diethanolamine, a reaction product of diethanolamine and coconut oil-derived fatty acids). Cocamide diethanolamine, lauramide diethanolamine, linoleamide diethanolamine and oleamide diethanolamine are fatty acid diethanolamides that may contain 4r33% diethanolamine, and are present in cosmetics at concentrations of < 0.1–50% (Dea, 1986). Twenty shampoo products were analysed and 19 were found to contain diethanolamine at levels ranging from 140 to 15 200 ppm (Chou, 2005). In a substudy to assess skin absorption, a commercially available body lotion was found to contain 1.8 mg/g diethanolamine (Craciunescu et al., 2009). In a study of skin penetration, two representative shampoo formulations containing coconut diethanolamide at a concentration of 4% were found to contain 0.98% diethanolamine; two shampoos and a bubble bath containing 4.75% lauramide diethanolamine contained 0.25% diethanolamine; a leave-on emulsion containing 2% triethanolamine contained 0.008% diethanolamine; and an oxidative hair dye containing 4.7% lauramide diethanolamine contained 0.25% diethanolamine, while two other hair dye products containing 1.4% lauramide diethanolamine contained 0.075% diethanolamine (Brain et al., 2005). In a study of the penetration of cosmetic products through intact human skin, a shampoo containing cocamide diethanolamine was found to include 0.092% free diethanolamine, and a second shampoo containing lauramide diethanolamine included 0.28% free diethanolamine (Kraeling et al., 2004). 1.3.5. Detection in body fluids and daily exposure estimates After about 3 or 4 weeks of using a body lotion containing 1.8 mg/g diethanolamine, plasma concentrations of the compound in three volunteer subjects ranged from 3 to 7 nmol/mL (Craciunescu et al., 2009) [data were read from a graph]. Craciunescu et al., (2006) provided exposure estimates of 8–200 mg/kg per day from daily use of shampoo. An alternative calculation using a lower diethanolamine content in shampoo and lower skin penetration rates suggested that the exposure to diethanolamine for a 60-kg adult would be in the range of 0.2–2 µg/kg per day (Bailey, 2007). [The Working Group noted the large discrepancy in the estimated values between the two studies.] 1.4. Regulations and guidelines Occupational exposure limits and guidelines for diethanolamine are presented in Table 1.4. Table 1.4. Occupational exposure limits and guidelines for diethanolamine. Table 1.4 Occupational exposure limits and guidelines for diethanolamine. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permits the use of diethanolamine as a component of adhesives in food packaging, as an indirect food additive, as a component of uncoated or coated food contact surfaces of paper and paperboard for use with dry solid foods with no free fat or oil on the surface, and for use only as an adjuvant to control pulp absorbance and pitch content in the manufacture of paper and paperboard or for use only in paper mill boilers in the USA (FDA, 2010). A technical standard in Germany limits the level of diethanolamine in water-mixable cooling lubricants to 0.2% (Kaup et al., 1997). Go to: 2. Cancer in Humans The Working Group was not aware of any study that specifically examined the risk of cancer among persons exposed to diethanolamine. While diethanolamine is found in personal care products, no epidemiological studies evaluating human cancer in association with diethanolamine were identified. However, ethanolamines have been used as additives in metalworking fluids since the 1950s and are present in wetting fluids used in asphalt paving. Exposures to these agents occur as complex mixtures and there is a large database of studies on workers exposed in these occupational settings. In light of the complex mixtures, and concomitant occupational exposures, any observed elevations in risk cannot be specifically attributed to diethanolamine or to any other constituent of the complex mixtures. The Working Group, therefore, did not make a detailed evaluation of these studies. The data on metalworking fluids are reviewed below, although a formal evaluation by the Working Group is not provided. There are four major types of metalworking fluid: straight (generally mineral oils), soluble and semi-synthetic (straight oils diluted with water and additives) and synthetic (water and additives with no oil). [Exposure assessments for soluble and synthetic are often combined for analysis.] Ethanolamines — either diethanolamine or triethanolamine — are common additives to soluble, semi-synthetic and synthetic metal-working fluids (see Section 1). Diethanolamine may also be present as an unintended impurity of intended triethanolamine or fatty acid diethanolamide additives. Metalworking fluids are complex mixtures that may vary considerably, depending on the type of fluid and the additives used. These mixtures may contain many potential carcinogens and, in particular, potential exposure to N-nitrosodiethanolamine occurred in all of the studies considered. The use of diethanolamine and nitrites together as additives to metalworking fluids can lead to the formation of N-nitrosodiethanolamine. Therefore, workers in any study that noted exposure to N-nitrosodiethanolamine would also have been exposed to the diethanolamine from which the nitroso derivative was formed. In this review, only studies that included workers exposed to water-based (soluble, synthetic and semi-synthetic) metalworking fluids were included.

Diethyl adipate is an organic solvent that can be used in organic synthesis, plasticizer, polymer and fragrance synthesis.
Diethyl adipate can also be used as a plasticizer in the development of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) based membranes for the pervaporation of water and toluene based blends.
When exposed to air, Diethyl adipate undergoes oxidation reactions catalyzed by chlorine or hydrochloric acid, producing nitrogen oxides and water vapor.

EC Number: 205-477-0
CAS Number: 141-28-6
Molecular Formula: C10H18O4
Molar Mass: 202.25 g/mol

Diethyl adipate is a clear colorless liquid product, mainly used as plasticizer or solvent.
Diethyl adipates ignificantly increase the elongation of the sheets and slightly increased the water vapor permeability.

Diethyl adipate is a fatty acid ester.
Diethyl adipate is generally utilized as a plasticizer.
Diethyl adipate appears as a Clear, colorless to yellow colored liquid with a molecular formula of C10H18O4.

Diethyl adipate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, for intermediate use only.
Diethyl adipate is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Diethyl adipate is a fatty acid ester.
Diethyl adipate can also be used as a plasticizer in the development of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) based membranes for the pervaporation of water and toluene based blends.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) gels in Diethyl adipate with fibrillar morphology is presented.
Gelation process obeys the three-dimensional percolation mechanism.
Combustion and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine is fueled with diesel-Diethyl adipate blends.

Diethyl adipate is a film-forming polymer that is used in the production of polyurethanes.
Diethyl adipate is produced by reacting diethyl ether with adipic acid, which creates a hydroxyl group on the molecule.

Diethyl adipate has been shown to be chemically stable and can be used as a surface methodology for the detection of fatty acids in human serum.
The film-forming properties of Diethyl adipate allow Diethyl adipate to be used as a coating agent for various surfaces such as paper, textiles, and plastics.

When exposed to air, Diethyl adipate undergoes oxidation reactions catalyzed by chlorine or hydrochloric acid, producing nitrogen oxides and water vapor.
Diethyl adipate has three different chemical structures: one with two hydroxyl groups (-OCH2-), one with one hydroxyl group (-OCH-) and one without hydroxyl groups (-O-).

Diethyl adipate is an organic solvent that can be used in organic synthesis, plasticizer, polymer and fragrance synthesis.
Diethyl adipate can also be used in the synthesis of hexanediol and oligoadipamide, which can be layered with perfluoropolyether networks for protective coating applications.

Diethyl adipate, a fatty ester, is processed from the esterification of adipic acid and ethanol.
Diethyl adipatecan be used as a plasticizer.

Diethyl adipate a fatty ester, is processed from the esterification of adipic acid and ethanol.
Diethyl adipate can be used as a plasticizer.

Diethyl adipate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is used as a solvent, food preservative, and as a plasticizer for plastics intended for direct contact with food and beverages.

Diethyl adipate can be used as a plasticizer for the formation of ethylcellulose based coating membranes which can be potentially used in drug delivery systems.
Diethyl adipate may also be used as a plasticizer during the fabrication of electronic artificial tongue sensors for analyzing the intensity of olive oils.

Applications of Diethyl adipate:
Diethyl adipate can be used in the synthesis of oligoadipamide, which can be layered with perfluoropolyether networks for protective coating applications.
Diethyl adipate can also be used as a plasticizer in the development of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) based membranes for the pervaporation of water and toluene based blends.

Poly(vinylidene flouride) (PVF2) gels in Diethyl adipate with fibrillar morphology is presented.

Gelation process obeys the three-dimensional percolation mechanism.
Combustion and emission characteristics of a direct-injection diesel engine is fueled with diesel-Diethyl adipate blends.

Uses of Diethyl adipate:
Diethyl adipate is an organic solvent that can be used in organic synthesis, plasticizer, polymer and fragrance synthesis.
Diethyl adipate can also be used in the synthesis of hexanediol and oligoadipamide, which can be layered with perfluoropolyether networks for protective coating applications.

Diethyl adipate is used as plasticizer and chemical intermediate.

Diethyl adipate is used in organic synthesis,can be hydrogenated into hexamelhylene glycol.
Diethyl adipate is also used in personal care chemical industry and food industry.

Diethyl adipate uses and applications include: Fragrance in cosmetics; flavor; plasticizer; solvent; reactant in manufacturing of polyester

Uses at industrial sites:
Diethyl adipate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diethyl adipate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Diethyl adipate can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Diethyl adipate is classified as:
Emollient
Masking
Skin conditioning

Properties of Diethyl adipate:
Diethyl adipate is colourless, transparent liquid,b.p.246℃,m.p.-19.8℃,refractive index 1.427（20℃.
Diethyl adipate is soluble in many organic solvents as ethanol,soluble in water.

Functions of Diethyl adipate:

Emollient:
Softens and smoothes the skin

Masking:
Reduces or inhibits the odor or basic taste of Diethyl adipate

Skin conditioning:
Keeps the skin in good condition

Manufacture of Diethyl adipate:
Release to the environment of Diethyl adipate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of Diethyl adipate.
Diethyl adipate, when heated with sodium ethoxide, gives Diethyl adipate shown, by an intramolecular Claisen condensation.

Structure of Diethyl adipate:
A chemical structure of a molecule includes the arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.
The Diethyl adipate molecule contains a total of 31 bond(s).
There are 13 non-H bond(s), 2 multiple bond(s), 9 rotatable bond(s), 2 double bond(s), and 2 ester(s) (aliphatic).

The carbon atoms in the chemical structure of Diethyl adipate are implied to be located at the corner(s) and hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms are not indicated – each carbon atom is considered to be associated with enough hydrogen atoms to provide the carbon atom with four bonds.

The 3D chemical structure image of Diethyl adipate is based on the ball-and-stick model which displays both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them.
The radius of the spheres is therefore smaller than the rod lengths in order to provide a clearer view of the atoms and bonds throughout the chemical structure model of It.

Handling and storage of Diethyl adipate:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Store in cool place.

Storage:
Suggested storage of Diethyl adipate: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed

Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 10: Combustible liquids

Stability and reactivity of Diethyl adipate:

Reactivity:
No data available

Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Conditions to avoid:
No data available

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First aid measures of Diethyl adipate:

General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.

In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.

If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures of Diethyl adipate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Special hazards arising from Diethyl adipate:
Carbon oxides

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Accidental release measures of Diethyl adipate:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Disposal Methods:
At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision.
Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Identifiers of Diethyl adipate:
CAS No: 141-28-6
Molecular Weight: 202.25
Boiling point: 251 C
Melting point: (-20)-(-19)C
Density: 0
Description: Clear, colorless to yellow colored liquid
Solubility: Miscible with Dichlorometane
Specific gravity(at 25C): 1.006-1.010
Moisture content (by KF): NMT 0.50%
Purity by GC(area%): NLT 98.00%
Molecular Formula: C10H18O4

CAS number: 141-28-6
EC number: 205-477-0
Hill Formula: C₁₀H₁₈O₄
Chemical formula: C₂H₅OOC(CH₂)₄COOC₂H₅
Molar Mass: 202.25 g/mol
HS Code: 2917 12 00

Synonym(s): Hexanedioic acid 1,6-diethyl ester, NSC 19160, NSC 3363
Linear Formula: C2H5OCO(CH2)4COOC2H5
CAS Number: 141-28-6
Molecular Weight: 202.25
Beilstein: 1780035
EC Number: 205-477-0
MDL number: MFCD00009215
PubChem Substance ID: 24854754
NACRES: NA.23

CAS Number: 141-28-6
EINECS/ELINCS No: 205-477-0
COSING REF No: 55839
Chem/IUPAC Name: Diethyl hexanedioate

Properties of Diethyl adipate:
Boiling point: 251 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.01 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 113 °C
Melting Point: -19.8 °C
Solubility:
Quality Level: 200
product line: ReagentPlus®
Assay: 99%
form: liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.427 (lit.)
bp: 251 °C (lit.)
mp: −20-−19 °C (lit.)
density: 1.009 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC
InChI: 1S/C10H18O4/c1-3-13-9(11)7-5-6-8-10(12)14-4-2/h3-8H2,1-2H3
InChI key: VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 202.25 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 1.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 9
Exact Mass: 202.12050905 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 202.12050905 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Complexity: 157
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Diethyl adipate:
Name: Diethyl adipate, 98%
Category: Fine chemicals
Brand: Avra Synthesis
Pack size: 25gm
Catalog number: ASD3035.25gm

Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 1.007 - 1.009
Identity (IR): passes test

Melting Point: -18.0°C
Color: Colorless
Density: 1.0000g/mL
Boiling Point: 132.0°C (15.0 mmHg)
Flash Point: >110°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99%
Packaging: Glass bottle
Linear Formula: CH3CH2OCO(CH2)4COOCH3CH2
Refractive Index: 1.4260 to 1.4280
Quantity: 100 g
Beilstein: 02, 652
Specific Gravity: 1
Formula Weight: 202.25
Percent Purity: 99%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: Diethyl adipate

Other Descriptions of Diethyl adipate:

Use and Manufacturing:
Plasticizer

Chemical Properties:
CLEAR COLORLESS LIQUID

Production Methods:
Diethyl adipate is manufactured by esterifying adipic acid with ethanol.

Related Products
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene
Dimethyl N-Cyanodithioiminocarbonate
(E)-1-(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)propan-2-one Oxime
2,2-Dimethyl Cyclopentanamine
N,N-Dimethyldecylamine

Names of Diethyl adipate:

IUPAC Names:
1,6-diethyl hexanedioate
Adipic acid, diethylester
diethyl adipate
DIETHYL ADIPATE
Diethyl hexanedioate
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester

Synonyms of Diethyl adipate:
DIETHYL ADIPATE
141-28-6
Diethyl hexanedioate
Ethyl adipate
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester
Adipic acid, diethyl ester
1,6-Diethyl hexanedioat
ADIPIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl-
Diethylhexanedioic acid
Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-diethyl ester
Diethylester kyseliny adipove
NSC 19160
hexanedioic acid diethyl ester
UNII-7B19K45L6C
Ethyl .delta.-carboethoxyvalerate
7B19K45L6C
MFCD0000921
68201-71-8
Diethyl adipate, 99%
diethyl hexane-1,6-dioate
WLN: 2OV4VO2
Ethyldelta-Carboethoxyvalerate
Ethyl delta-carboethoxyvalerate
HSDB 5413
EINECS 205-477-0
Diethylester kyseliny adipove [Czech]
BRN 1780035
diethyladipate
AI3-00342
Adipic acid diethyl
ACMC-209cl
SCHEMBL50610
BIDD:ER0365
Diethyl adipate, >=99%, FG
Diethyl adipate, analytical standard
Diethyl adipate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Diethyl adipate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
1,6-Diethyl hexanedioate
Diethyl adipatate
Diethyl1,6-hexanedioate
Diethylester kyseliny adipove
diethylesterkyselinyadipove
Ethyl delta-carboethoxyvalerate
Diethyl adipate, 99% 100GR
DIETHYL ADIPATE FOR SYNTHESIS
Hexanedioic acid 1,6-diethyl ester
NSC 19160
NSC 3363
Diethyl adipate Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Diethyleadipate
Diethyl adipate ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Diethyl adipate, AR,99.5%
ethyldelta-carboethoxyvalerate
ETHYL ADIPATE
ETHYL ADIPATE (DI)
DIETHYL ADIPATE
DIETHYL HEXANEDIOATE
hexanedioic acid diethyl ester
ADIPIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
DIETHYL ADIPATE, STANDARD FOR GC
Diethyl Adipate-13C6
DIETHYLADIPATE(HEXANEDIOICACIDDIETHYLESTER)
Butane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
Hexanedioic acid diethyl
Diethyl adipate,99%
Diethyl adipate, 99%, for synthesis
Diethyl Adipate >
Diethyl adipate,ethyl adipate
DIETHYL ADIPATE 141-28-6
DIETHYL ADIPATE
141-28-6
Diethyl hexanedioate
Ethyl adipate
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester
1,6-Diethyl hexanedioate
Adipic acid, diethyl ester
ADIPIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Hexanedioic acid, diethyl-
Diethylhexanedioic acid
Diethylester kyseliny adipove
NSC 19160
hexanedioic acid diethyl ester
Ethyl delta-carboethoxyvalerate
HSDB 5413
EINECS 205-477-0
Hexanedioic acid, 1,6-diethyl ester
Diethylester kyseliny adipove [Czech]
BRN 1780035
UNII-7B19K45L6C
AI3-00342
Ethyl .delta.-carboethoxyvalerate
7B19K45L6C
NSC-19160
68201-71-8
WLN: 2OV4VO2
68989-28-6
diethyladipate
Adipic acid diethyl
DUB DEA
SCHEMBL50610
BIDD:ER0365
DIETHYL ADIPATE [HSDB]
DIETHYL ADIPATE [INCI]
Diethyl adipate, >=99%, FG
DTXSID2021999
CHEBI:34697
NSC3363
AMY11024
NSC-3363
NSC19160
Diethyl adipate, analytical standard
MFCD00009215
AKOS009031409
DS-5105
Diethyl adipate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
A0162
FT-0621916
EN300-19693
Diethyl adipate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
A807746
J-007477
Q27116229
F1905-6995
Z104474764

DIETHYL CARBONATE, N° CAS : 105-58-8, Nom INCI : DIETHYL CARBONATE, Nom chimique : Carbonic acid, diethyl ester, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-311-1

DESCRIPTION:
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane is a polyether that consists of undecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 3, 6 and 9 are replaced by oxygen atoms.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a glycol ether used as a solvent in the production of paints, varnishes, and other coatings.

CAS Number: 112-36-7
EC Number: 203-963-7
IUPAC name: 1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane


Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) has been shown to be chemically stable and non-toxic when used at low concentrations.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) can also be used as an alternative solvent for x-ray crystallography experiments because it produces high quality crystals of proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds.
The hydroxyl group on its structure makes Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) an excellent substrate for film formation.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is also able to bind to receptors in autoimmune diseases, which may be due to its structural similarity to the natural neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether), is a product of Ethylene Oxide and Ethanol.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is chemically known as a Ethyl Diglycol, 2-hydroxy-2-ethoxy-diethyl ether.
Commercially it is known as a Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether).

APPLICATIONS OF DIETHYL CARBITOL :
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used as a solvent for reactions performed at higher temperatures.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is involved in the preparation of nitrocellulose, resins and adhesives.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is utilized as a scrubbing medium to absorb carbonyl sulfide (COS), an impurity in petroleum refineries.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is a very useful organic solvent.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) has a high boiling point and has been used to study the activities of enzymes in aqueous organic mixtures.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) has low setting point and low viscocity at low temperature so it is used in manufacturing Brake Fluid.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used as a flow and gloss promoter in paint industries.
The extendability of solution has also increased.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in production of printing ink and as a cleaner in offset printing.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in textile as a solvent for dyestuff in the printing and dying of fiber & fabrics.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) prevents the gel formation in liquid detergent and cleaner formulation.

Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is also used a solubilizer in drilling and cutting coolants.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in the production & formulation of pesticides & wood preservaties.

Due to its low volatility property Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is used in Indian & ink ball point pastes.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) is also used in cosmetic & perfumary industry as a solvent.
Diethyl carbitol (diethylene glycol diethyl ether) does not attack rubber.










SOLUBILITY OF DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER):
Miscible with hydrocarbons, ethanol, ethyl ether and organic solvents.
Immiscible with water.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER):
Chemical formula: C8H18O3
Molar mass: 162.22 g/mol
CAS number 112-36-7
EC number 203-963-7
Hill Formula C₈H₁₈O₃
Chemical formula (C₂H₅OCH₂CH₂)₂O
Molar Mass 162.23 g/mol
HS Code 2909 19 90
Boiling point 189 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 0.91 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point 67 °C
Ignition temperature 174 °C
Melting Point -44 °C
Vapor pressure 0.7 hPa (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 98.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.906 - 0.908
Peroxide (as H₂O₂) ≤ 0.005 %
Identity (IR) passes test
Storage Store below +30°C.
Molecular Weight 162.23
XLogP3 0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 3
Rotatable Bond Count 8
Exact Mass 162.125594432
Monoisotopic Mass 162.125594432
Topological Polar Surface Area 27.7 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 11
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 58.4
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Melting Point -44°C
Density 0.909
Boiling Point 188°C to 190°C
Flash Point 71°C (160°F)
Odor Weak
Linear Formula (CH3CH2OCH2CH2)2O
Refractive Index 1.412
Quantity 500 mL
Beilstein 1699259
Merck Index 14,3118
Solubility Information Miscible with hydrocarbons,ethanol,ethyl ether and organic solvents. Immiscible with water.
Formula Weight 162.23
Percent Purity 99%
Chemical Name or Material Diethylene glycol diethyl ether
Water Solubility 11.4 mg/mL
logP 0.64
logP 0.74
logS -1.2
pKa (Strongest Basic) -3.7
Physiological Charge 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3
Hydrogen Donor Count 0
Polar Surface Area 27.69 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count 8
Refractivity 44.6 m3•mol-1
Polarizability 19.75 Å3
Number of Rings 0
Bioavailability 1
Rule of Five Yes
Ghose Filter Yes
Veber's Rule Yes
MDDR-like Rule No

Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.90700 to 0.91200 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.556 to 7.598
Refractive Index: 1.41000 to 1.41400 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -45.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 188.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 190.00 to 191.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.521000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Flash Point: 160.00 °F. TCC ( 71.11 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.390
Soluble in:
alcohol
water, 1.00E+06mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
Identity (IR) complying
Assay (GC) Min. 99.0 %
Water (Karl Fischer) Max. 0.05 %
Absorbance at 400 nm Max. 0.01
Absorbance at 350 nm Max. 0.01
Absorbance at 320 nm Max. 0.04
Absorbance at 300 nm Max. 0.10
Absorbance at 260 nm Max. 1.0
Vapor Density 5.6 (vs air)





SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER)
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.





SYNONYMS OF DIETHYL CARBITOL (DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER)
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER
112-36-7
2-Ethoxyethyl ether
1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
Diethyl carbitol
Ethyl diglyme
Diethyldiethylene glycol
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether
Ether, bis(2-ethoxyethyl)
3,6,9-Trioxaundecane
DEGDEE
diethyleneglycoldiethylether
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-ethoxy-
Ethyldiglyme
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)-1-ethoxyethane
Diethylether diethylenglykolu
1-Ethoxy-2-(beta-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy-
diethyleneglycol diethyl ether
DTXSID3025047
CHEBI:44664
ZH086O935Z
MFCD00009254
Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl ether; Ethyldiglyme; Hisolve EDE
HSDB 68
P4G
Glycol, diethylene-, diethyl ether
EINECS 203-963-7
Diethylether diethylenglykolu [Czech]
BRN 1699259
diethoxydiglycol
UNII-ZH086O935Z
AI3-19428
ethoxyethyl ether
HISOLVE EDE
(1-ethoxy)-ethyl ether
EC 203-963-7
diethyleneglycol diethylether
1,5-diethoxy-3-oxapentane
SCHEMBL16596
Diethylene glycol diethylether
diethylene glycol-diethyl ether
DIETHOXYDIGLYCOL [INCI]
1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxy)ethane
1,1'-oxybis(2-ethoxyethane)
DTXCID505047
CHEMBL1235106
Diethyl ene glycol diethyl ether
Diethylene glycol, diethyl ether
ZINC2041052
Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-ethoxy-]
Tox21_302050
1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxyl)ethane
1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)-ethane
AKOS015915322
1-Ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane #
DB08357
1-Ethoxy-2-(.beta.-ethoxyethoxy)ethane
NCGC00164135-01
NCGC00255128-01
CAS-112-36-7
B0489
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER [MI]
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, HPLC Grade
FT-0624903
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER [HSDB]
A802561
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, for HPLC, >=99%
J-509308
Q5275148
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, reagent grade, >=98%
F8881-4182
2-Ethoxyethyl ether, Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) ether, Diethyldiglycol
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98+ %

DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE, N° CAS : 100-37-8, Nom INCI : DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE, Nom chimique : Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino), N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-845-2. Ses fonctions (INCI): Régulateur de pH : Stabilise le pH des cosmétiques. Noms français : 2-Diethylaminoethanol; 2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE; BETA-DIETHYLAMINOETHYL ALCOHOL;DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE DIETHYLAMINO-2 ETHANOL; Diethylaminoethanol; DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE; DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE (DEEA); Diéthylamino-2 éthanol; Diéthylaminoéthanol; N,N-DIETHYL-2-AMINOETHANOL; N,N-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL; N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE. Noms anglais : 2-Diethylaminoethanol. Utilisation; Fabrication de produits organiques, agent dispersant. 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol 100-37-8 [RN] 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol [German] 2-(Diéthylamino)éthanol [French] 202-845-2 [EINECS] 2-Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine 741863 [Beilstein] DEAE DEEA Diethylaminoethanol Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)- [ACD/Index Name] KK5075000 N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE S6DL4M053U (2-HYDROXYETHYL)DIETHYLAMINE (DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL 1-(Diethylamino)ethanol 2-(Diethylamino)-ethanol 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl cellulose 2-(DIETHYLAMONO)ETHANOL 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol 2-Diethylamino 2-diethylamino-ethanol 2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI 2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol 2-N-Diethylaminoethanol 32954-58-8 [RN] 64346-24-3 [RN] 9013-34-7 [RN] DEAE|2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHAN-1-OL Dehydasal Di??thylamino??thanol Diaethylaminoaethanol Diaethylaminoaethanol [German] Diaethylaminoaethanol(german) Diethyl ethanolamine Diethyl ethanolamine;Diethylaminoethanol;2-Hydroxytriethylamine Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine Diethylamino ethanol Diethylamlnoethanol DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE Diethylmonoethanolamine ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO ipomeanol N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine N-(Diethylamino)ethanol N, N-Diethylethanolamine N,N-DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine N,N-Diethylaminoethanol N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amine N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amine N-Diethylaminoethanol Pennad 150 Perdilaton Q2N2 & 2 [WLN] UN 2686 UNII:S6DL4M053U UNII-S6DL4M053U β-(Diethylamino)ethanol β-(Diethylamino)ethanol β-(diethylamino)ethyl alcohol β-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol β-Diethylaminoethanol β-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol β-hydroxytriethylamine β-Hydroxytriethylamine

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula CAS number 64-67-5.
Diethyl monosulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production.
Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

CAS Number: 64-67-5
EC Number: 200-589-6
Chemical formula: C4H10O4S
Molar mass: 154.18 g·mol−1

Synonyms: Diethyl sulfate, 64-67-5, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester, Diethyl sulphate, DIETHYLSULFATE, Diaethylsulfat, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, UNII-K0FO4VFA7I, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, NSC 56380, K0FO4VFA7I, CHEBI:34699, MFCD00009099, DSSTox_CID_4045, DSSTox_RID_77265, DSSTox_GSID_24045, Diethyl tetraoxosulfate, Diaethylsulfat, DES (VAN), CAS-64-67-5, CCRIS 242, HSDB 1636, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, EINECS 200-589-6, UN1594, diethylsulphate, diethyl-sulphate, AI3-15355, diethylsulfuric acid, EtOSO3Et, Diethyl sulfate, 98%, EC 200-589-6, SCHEMBL1769, WLN: 2OSWO2, Sulphuric acid diethyl ester, BIDD:ER0594, CHEMBL163100, DTXSID1024045, BCP25766, NSC56380, ZINC1686883, Tox21_202402, Tox21_300169, NSC-56380, STL268863, AKOS009157686, MCULE-1621267036, UN 1594, Diethyl sulfate, NCGC00164138-01, NCGC00164138-02, NCGC00164138-03, NCGC00253940-01, NCGC00259951-01, M292, D0525, FT-0624858, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester;Diethyl sulphate, Q421338, J-520306, F0001-1737, DES, Diaethylsulfat, diethyl sulphate, diethyl tetraoxosulfate, diethylsulfate, Et2SO4, ethyl sulfate, sulfuric acid diethyl ester, sulphuric acid diethyl ester, 200-589-6, 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, polymer and 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, compound with diethyl sulfate, 64-67-5, Diaethylsulfat, DIETHYL MONOSULFATE, Diethyl sulfate, Diethylester kyseliny sirove, Diethylsulfat, MFCD00009099, Sulfate de diéthyle, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester, [64-67-5], 2OSWO2, DES (VAN), Diaethylsulfat, DIETHYL SULPHATE, DIETHYL TETRAOXOSULFATE, diethylsulfate, ethyl ethoxysulfonate, Sulfuric acid diethyl ester, Ethyl sulfate, Sulphuric acid diethyl ester, SULPHURIC ACIDDIETHYL ESTER, UN 1594

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic, combustible, and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with the formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive to tissue and metals.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula CAS number 64-67-5.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless viscous liquid with a peppermint odor.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

Diethyl monosulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and textile chemicals, and as a finishing agent in textile production.
Diethyl monosulfate is anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

A nested case control study of 17 benign brain tumours in workers at a petrochemical plant found the risk of brain cancer to be associated with exposure to Diethyl monosulfate.
Diethyl monosulfate is reported to cause tumours both locally and systemically

Evidence in animals and humans suggest that carcinogenicity may be due to a mutagenic mode of action.
However, insufficient data exists to recommend a suitable TWA.

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic, combustible, and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with the formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive to tissue and metals.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is also used as a potent ethylating agent.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate, also known as DES, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sulfuric acid diesters.
These are organic compounds containing the sulfuric acid diester functional group with the generic structure ROS(OR')(=O)=O, (R,R'=organyl group).

Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Diethyl monosulfate.
Diethyl monosulfate has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ).

Diethyl monosulfate is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or Diethyl monosulfate derivatives.
Technically Diethyl monosulfate is part of the human exposome.

The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health.
An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

Diethyl monosulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 to < 10 tonnes per annum.
Diethyl monosulfate is used at industrial sites.

Diethyl monosulfate is a colorless, corrosive, oily liquid that darkens with age and has a faint peppermint odor.
Diethyl monosulfate is mainly used as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis and in the dye and textile manufacturing.

Exposure to this substance results in severe irritation to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
Diethyl monosulfate is a possible mutagen and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and may be associated with developing laryngeal cancer.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate.
No information is available on the acute (short-term), chronic (long-term), reproductive, or developmental effects of Diethyl monosulfate in humans.

In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of Diethyl monosulfate.
In one study, rats orally exposed to Diethyl monosulfate developed tumors in the forestomach.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified Diethyl monosulfate as a Group 2A, probable human carcinogen.
Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4.

Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odor and is corrosive.
Diethyl monosulfate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles

Diethyl monosulfate is a highly toxic and likely carcinogenic chemical compound with formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate occurs as a colourless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint odour and is corrosive.
Diethyl sulphate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.

Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.
Diethyl monosulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol.

Diethyl monosulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic.

Diethyl monosulfate is a colorless liquid with formula (C2H5)2SO4.
Diethyl monosulfate has a peppermint odor with a melting point of about -25 ℃ and boiling point of 209.5 ℃ where Diethyl monosulfate decomposes.
When heated or mixed with hot water, irritant fumes is released.

Diethyl monosulfate does not dissolve in water, but is miscible with alcohol, ether and most polar organic solvents.
Diethyl monosulfate exists in the atmosphere in the gas phase.

Diethyl monosulfate will react with hydroxyl radical and has a short lifetime in the atmosphere where Diethyl monosulfate will decompose into ethyl sulfate hydrogen sulfate and ethanol.
Upon heating or mixing with hot water, Diethyl monosulfate will decompose into ethyl hydrogen sulfate and alcohol.

Diethyl monosulfate is used as an ethylating agent and as a chemical intermediate.
In an epidemiological study, an excess mortality rate from laryngeal cancer was associated with occupational exposure to high concentrations of Diethyl monosulfate.

Diethyl monosulfate is a substance classified to the group of carcinogens.
The value of maximum admissible concentration for this substance in workplace air is not specified in Poland.

Due to the use of Diethyl monosulfate in domestic companies there is a need to develop a sensitive method for the determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the work environment.
Studies were performed using gas chromatography (GC) technique.

An Agilent Technologies chromatograph, series 7890A, with a mass selective detector was used in the experiment.
Separation was performed on a capillary column with Rtx-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 µm).

The possibility of using sorbent tubes filled with activated carbon (100 mg/50 mg), silica gel (100 mg/50 mg) and Porapak Q (150 mg/75 mg) for absorption of diethyl sulphate was investigated.
The method of sampling air containing Diethyl monosulfate was developed.

Among the sorbents to absorb Diethyl monosulfate Porapak Q was chosen.
Determination of the adsorbed vapor includes desorption of Diethyl monosulfate, using dichloromethane/methanol mixture (95:5, v/v) and chromatographic analysis of so obtained solution.

Method is linear (r = 0.999) within the investigated working range of 0.27- -5.42 µg/ml, which is an equivalent to air concentrations 0.0075-0.15 mg/m3 for a 36 l air sample.
The analytical method described in this paper allows for selective determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the workplace air in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, ethanol, dichloromethane, triethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and triethylenetetramine.

The invention provides a method used for preparing Diethyl monosulfate.
According to the method, a mixed solution containing ethyl hydrogen sulfate and/or Diethyl monosulfate is delivered through reaction distillation surface at a certain temperature, and at the same time, reduced pressure distillation is carried out, so that Diethyl monosulfate in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is separated rapidly, waste sulfuric acid in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is collected in a waste liquid collector, and ethanol is collected in a tail gas collector.
Recycling of waste sulfuric acid and collected ethanol can be realized; the method is low in cost; and no waste acid is discharged.

Optimization of the method for the determination of Diethyl monosulfate at workplaces
Diethyl monosulfate is a substance classified to the group of carcinogens.

The value of maximum admissible concentration for this substance in workplace air is not specified in Poland.
Due to the use of Diethyl monosulfate in domestic companies there is a need to develop a sensitive method for the determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the work environment.

Studies were performed using gas chromatography (GC) technique.
An Agilent Technologies chromatograph, series 7890A, with a mass selective detector was used in the experiment.

Separation was performed on a capillary column with Rtx-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm).
The possibility of using sorbent tubes filled with activated carbon (100 mg/50 mg), silica gel (100 mg/50 mg) and Porapak Q (150 mg/75 mg) for absorption of diethyl sulphate was investigated.

The method of sampling air containing Diethyl monosulfate was developed.
Among the sorbents to absorb Diethyl monosulfate Porapak Q was chosen.

Determination of the adsorbed vapor includes desorption of Diethyl monosulfate, using dichloromethane/methanol mixture (95:5, v/v) and chromatographic analysis of so obtained solution.
Method is linear (r = 0.999) within the investigated working range of 0.27- -5.42 μg/ml, which is an equivalent to air concentrations 0.0075-0.15 mg/m³ for a 36 l air sample.

The analytical method described in this paper allows for selective determination of Diethyl monosulfate in the workplace air in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, ethanol, dichloromethane, triethylamine, 2-(diethylamino)ethanol, and triethylenetetramine.

Diethyl monosulfate Market: Introduction
Diethyl monosulfate is also known as Diethyl sulfate and sulfuric acid diethyl ester.
Diethyl monosulfate is colorless liquid with faint peppermint odor.
Diethyl monosulfate is an industrial solvent, which is highly carcinogenic.

Diethyl monosulfate is considered a highly toxic chemical compound.
Diethyl monosulfate possesses highly corrosive properties for metals.

Diethyl monosulfate is a strong alkylating agent.
Diethyl monosulfate is primarily employed in the formation of ethyl derivatives such as amine, thiols, phenols, and other derivatives.

Diethyl monosulfate is widely used in chemical formulation as a chemical intermediate compound.
Diethyl monosulfate has industrial applications in dyes, textiles, and coating manufacturing.
Key applications of Diethyl monosulfate include personal care products, pharmaceuticals, detergents, flavors, and fragrances.

Increase in demand for chemical intermediates in the production of hair dyes, textile dyes, and other pigments is anticipated to fuel the demand for Diethyl monosulfate during the forecast period.
Growth in the pharmaceutical industry, owing to the rise in demand for generic drugs and medicines, is projected to boost the demand for chemical intermediates such as Diethyl monosulfate in the next few years.

Diethyl monosulfate is highly toxic.
Exposure to Diethyl monosulfate may cause eye irritation, skin rashes, and breathing problems.
This is a key factors estimated to hamper the global Diethyl monosulfate market in the next few years.

Diethyl monosulfate Market: Segmentation
In terms of application, the global Diethyl monosulfate market can be divided into alkylating agent, chemical intermediates, and others.
The alkylating agent segment is projected to hold major share of the global Diethyl monosulfate market during the forecast period.

Diethyl monosulfate is majorly used in the synthesis of amines, thiols, and phenol derivatives in various applications.
This is likely to propel the demand for Diethyl monosulfate in the next few years.

Based on end-user industry, the Diethyl monosulfate market can be segmented into dyes and textiles, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and personal care.
The dyes and textiles segment is projected to constitute key share of the market in the near future.

Diethyl monosulfate is used in the synthesis of textile dyes in several countries.
This is likely to fuel the demand for Diethyl monosulfate in the near future.

Diethyl monosulfate Market: Region-wise Outlook
Based on region, the global Diethyl monosulfate market can be split into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa.
North America and Europe are expected to constitute major share, after Asia Pacific, during the forecast period.
The U.S., Germany, and France have strong presence of major dye manufacturing companies that use Diethyl monosulfate.

In terms of volume, Asia Pacific is anticipated to hold leading share of the market during the forecast period.
Strong presence of chemical companies with well-established distribution network spread across the globe is driving the Diethyl monosulfate market in the region.

The Diethyl monosulfate market in Latin America and Middle East & Africa is likely to expand at a sluggish pace in the next few years.
Increase in rapid industrialization in Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa is anticipated to boost the Diethyl monosulfate market in these countries during the forecast period.

Uses of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl sulphate is used as an alkylating agent to prepare ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol.
Diethyl monosulfate is a strong alkylating agent which ethylates DNA and thus is genotoxic.

Diethyl monosulfate is used chiefly as an ethylating agent in organic synthesis.
The principal uses are as an intermediate in dye manufacture, as an ethylating agent in pigment production, as a finishing agent in textile manufacture and as a dye-set agent in carbonless paper.
Smaller applications are in agricultural chemicals, in household products, in the pharmaceutical and cosme tic industries, as a laboratory reagent, as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in sorne sulfonation processes

Diethyl monosulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.

N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.

The primary use of Diethyl monosulfate is as a chemical intermediate (ethylating agent) in synthesis of ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; and in some sulfonation processes.
Diethyl monosulfate is used to manufacture dyes, pigments, carbonless paper, and textiles.

Diethyl monosulfate is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the preparation of synthetic ethanol from ethylene.
Smaller quantities are used in household products, cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory reagents.
In 1966, Diethyl monosulfate was used as a mutagen to create the Luther variety of barley.

Diethyl monosulfate is primarily used as an ethylating agent, and also as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonations.
Diethyl monosulfate is also a chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols, and as an alkylating agent.

Diethyl monosulfate is used mainly to make dyes; Also used as an ethylating agent (pigment production), a finishing agent (textile manufacturing), a dye-set agent (carbonless paper), and an accelerator (sulfation of ethylene); Also used in agricultural chemicals, household products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

As an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; intermediate in the production by one method of ethyl alcohol from ethylene and sulfuric acid

The principal uses are as an intermediate in dye manufacture, as an ethylating agent in pigment production, as a finishing agent in textile manufacture and as a dye-set agent in carbonless paper.
Smaller applications are in agricultural chemicals, in household products, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as a laboratory reagent, as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene and in some sulfonation processes.

Chemical intermediate for ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols and as an alkylating agent.
Chiefly as an ethylating agent; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; in some sulfonations.

Industry Uses of Diethyl monosulfate:
Finishing agents,
Intermediates,
Processing aids, not otherwise listed,
Surface active agents.

Consumer Uses of Diethyl monosulfate:
Cleaning and furnishing care products,
Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere,
Paper products.

Manufacturing process of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl monosulfate is produced from ethylene and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Ethylene gas is bubbled through a solution of concentrated sulfuric acid.
Diethyl monosulfate can also be produced by mixing concentrated sulfuric acid into a solution of ethyl alcohol or ethyl ether.

Methods of Manufacturing of Diethyl monosulfate:
Prepared from ethanol + sulfuric acid; by absorption of ethylene in sulfuric acid; from diethyl ether and fuming sulfuric acid.

General Manufacturing Information of Diethyl monosulfate:

Industry Processing Sectors of Diethyl monosulfate:
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing,
Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities,
Paper manufacturing,
Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing,
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing.

Could be used as a mutagenic agent to produce a new variety of barley called Luther; however, no evidence was found that Diethyl monosulfate is presently being used commercially for this purpose.

Method used for preparing Diethyl monosulfate:
The invention provides a method used for preparing Diethyl monosulfate.
According to the method, a mixed solution containing ethyl hydrogen sulfate and/or Diethyl monosulfate is delivered through reaction distillation surface at a certain temperature, and at the same time, reduced pressure distillation is carried out, so that Diethyl monosulfate in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is separated rapidly, waste sulfuric acid in the mixed solution and generated on the reaction distillation surface is collected in a waste liquid collector, and ethanol is collected in a tail gas collector.
Recycling of waste sulfuric acid and collected ethanol can be realized; the method is low in cost; and no waste acid is discharged.

Ethyl sulfate is a kind of important ethylating agent, is also the important intermediate of the industry such as organic chemical industry, agricultural chemicals, medicine.
Because boiling point is high, carrying out ethylation reaction does not need high pressure, and therefore Diethyl monosulfate can as a kind of desirable ethylating agent.
Prepare ethyl sulfate and have multiple method, be summed up several as follows: sulfuryl chloride-Ethanol Method, chlorsulfonic acid-Ethanol Method, ether-sulphate method, sulfuryl chloride-ethanol-sodium-chlor method, sulfuryl chloride-thionyl chloride-Ethanol Method, sulfuric acid-ethylene process, sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method.

In most cases all need in aforesaid method with underpressure distillation operation, ethyl sulfate to be distilled, and the remainder after distillation contains sulfuric acid.
The roughly similar process of sulfuric acid-ethylene process and sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, carries out all in two steps.

For sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, the first step is by sulfuric acid and ethanol mixing, because the reaction of sulfuric acid and ethanol is a reversible reaction, main containing resultant vinic acid in the mixture obtained, water, unreacted sulfuric acid and unreacted ethanol, generally the content of vinic acid is generally in the scope of 20-60%; Second step is by the underpressure distillation at 120-180 DEG C of this mixture, and in this process, vinic acid reacts and generates product ethyl sulfate, is depressurized simultaneously and distills.
In this process, if ethyl sulfate can not be distilled out in time, the transformation efficiency that vinic acid is converted into ethyl sulfate will reduce, simultaneously because sulfuric acid produces many side reactions at oxidation at high temperatures very good general.

For sulfuric acid-ethylene process, the first step is that ethene passes in sulfuric acid in certain temperature, main containing ethyl sulfate in the mixture obtained by this process, vinic acid and sulfuric acid, according to document (Zhang Yue edits.
The diagram of fine-chemical intermediate preparation flow, Chemical Industry Press, 1999, pp372 ~ 374), in mixture, content is about the ethyl sulfate of 43%, the vinic acid of 45%, the sulfuric acid of 12%; Second step is similar with sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, is also underpressure distillation at 120-180 DEG C.No matter describe from said process, be sulfuric acid-Ethanol Method, or sulfuric acid-ethylene process all needs the mixture of the compounds such as sulfur acid hydrogen ethyl ester, sulfuric acid react under heating and distill out product ethyl sulfate.
Meanwhile, after distilling out ethyl sulfate, remaining part is mainly containing sulfuric acid.

The method of current bibliographical information adopts still distillation, and in the preparation of ethyl sulfate, this distillation efficiency is low, product ethyl sulfate can not be distilled in time.
In this case, due to too many containing pre-reaction liquid such as sulfuric acid in still, along with ethyl sulfate is distilled out, remaining ethyl sulfate is fewer and feweri, product ethyl sulfate is difficult to evaporate from a large amount of sulfuric acid, so just has many products and remains at the bottom of still and can not be distilled out; Again due to sulfuric acid at high temperature have strong oxygenizement, make this step react in still-process, produce a lot of side reaction, thus the yield of product is low.
Preparation cost is high, and the spent acid produced is many.

According to the literature, the ethyl sulfate that still distillation method often prepares a ton approximately produces the spent acid sulfuric acid of 2 tons.
Owing to being heated for a long time in still, containing many carbonization materials in the Waste Sulfuric Acid of gained, make this Waste Sulfuric Acid be the brown shape of thickness, the value of recycling is very low, generally can only abandon as refuse, will cause very large pollution like this.
So up to the present, domestic also do not have one can prepare ethyl sulfate to mass-producing.

Preparation of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl monosulfate can be prepared by absorbing ethylene into concentrated sulfuric acid or by fuming sulfuric acid into diethyl ether or ethanol and is purified using rectification in vacuo.
This can be done on a large enough scale for commercial production.
Diethyl monosulfate can then be purchased as a technical product or for use in a laboratory setting with 99.5% purity or 95% to 98% purity respectively.

Pharmacological Classification of Diethyl monosulfate:

Alkylating Agents of Diethyl monosulfate:
Highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning.
Many are used as antineoplastic agents, but most are very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions.
They have also been used as components in poison gases.

Mutagens of Diethyl monosulfate:
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids.
A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.

Application of Diethyl monosulfate:
Commercial manufacture of Diethyl monosulfate starts with ethylene and 96 wt% sulfuric acid heated at 60°C.
The resulting mixture of 43 wt% Diethyl monosulfate, 45 wt% ethyl hydrogen sulfate and 12 wt% sulfuric acid is heated with anhydrous sodium sulfate under vacuum, and Diethyl monosulfate is obtained in 86% yield; the commercial product is ~ 99% pure.
Dilution of the ethylene-sulfuric acid concentrate with water and extraction gives a 35% yield.

ln the reaction of ethylene with sulfuric acid, losses can occur due to several side reactions, incIuding oxidation, hydrolysis-dehydration and polymerization, especially at sulfuric acid concentrations ~ 98 wt%.
Diethyl monosulfate is believed to be produced commercially by two companies, one in the
USA and one in Japan.

Annual US production is estimated at 5000 tonnes.
Diethyl monosulfate is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the production of ethanol involving ethylene and sulfuric acid.
The reaction of ethylene with sulfurIc acid is complex, and water plays a major role in determining the concentrations of the intermediate alkyl sulfates.

In Canada, Diethyl monosulfate is mainly used to make other chemicals which are then used in the manufacturing of softeners used to increase absorbency of tissue paper.
Diethyl sulphate may also be used to make products used in the manufacturing of a variety of other substances and products, including dyes, fragrances, and quaternary ammonium salts used as surfactants or flocculants in water treatment.

Diethyl monosulfate may also be used as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of commercial products such as sanitizers and organoclays.
Based on the most recent data available, Diethyl monosulfate is not manufactured in Canada, but is imported into Canada.

The silkworms of NB4D2 variety were treated with chemical mutagen Diethyl sulphate.
Thelarvae were subjected to two methods of treatments i.e., oral administration of the chemical mutagen and by injectionof 8mM and 10mM concentrations of chemical mutagen through body wall.
The lethal effect of the mutagen wasstudied in the subsequent generation.

The effect was drastic on structure & morphology of the meiotic chromosomes.
Many structural, physiological and numerical aberrations were observed and documented.
Certain numerical changessuch as induction of polyploids were attributed to the improvements observed in the expression of commercialcharacters in the silkworm

Diethyl monosulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.

N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.

Diethyl monosulfate can also be used as an alkylating agent to synthesize 1-alkyl/aralkyl-2-(1-arylsufonylalkyl)benzimidazoles and an ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole ethylsulfate.

Properties of Diethyl monosulfate:
Diethyl monosulfate is moisture sensitive liquid.
Heating can lead to release of toxic gases and vapors.

Diethyl monosulfate gets darker over time.
Diethyl monosulfate forms ethyl alcohol, ethyl sulfate, and eventually sulfuric acid when exposed to water.
Diethyl monosulfate is also combustible; when burned, sulfur oxides, ether, and ethylene are produced.

Chemical Properties:
Diethyl monosulfate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint- like odor, which darkens with age.
Diethyl monosulfate is miscible with alcohol and ether.
At higher temperatures, Diethyl monosulfate rapidly decomposes into monoethyl sulfate and alcohol

Handling and Storage of Diethyl monosulfate:

Nonfire Spill Response of Diethyl monosulfate:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
Stop leak if you can do Diethyl monosulfate without risk.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Safe Storage:
Separated from food and feedstuffs.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Safety of Diethyl monosulfate:
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data.
Poison by inhalation and subcutaneous routes.

Moderately toxic by ingestion and sktn contact.
A severe skin irritant.

An experimental teratogen.
Mutation data reported.
Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials.

Moisture causes liberation of H2SO4.
Violent reaction with potassium tert-butoxide.
Reacts violently with 3,8-dnitro-6-phenylphenanthridine + water.

Reaction with iron + water forms explosive hydrogen gas.
zTo fight fire, use alcohol foam, H2O foam, CO2, dry chemicals.

When heated to decomposition Diethyl monosulfate emits toxic fumes of SOx.
See also SULFATES.

Storage Conditions:
Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Diethyl monosulfate was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

First Aid of Diethyl monosulfate:

INHHALATION:
Remove to fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

EYES OR SKIN:
Irrigate with running water for at least 15 min.; hold eyelids open if neccessary.
Consult an ophthamologist immediately.
Wash skin with soap and water.

Speed in removing material from skin is of extreme importance.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes at the site.

Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature.
Effects may be delayed; keep victim under observation.

INGESTION:
If victim is conscious, give victim two glasses of water and have victim induce vomiting.

Fire Fighting of Diethyl monosulfate:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do Diethyl monosulfate without risk.

Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Fire Fighting Procedures of Diethyl monosulfate:
Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray.

Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.

Isolation and Evacuation of Diethyl monosulfate:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Spillage Disposal of Diethyl monosulfate:

Personal protection:
Complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.
Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Cleanup Methods of Diethyl monosulfate:
A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms.
Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially.
Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal.

The plastic bag should be sealed immediately.
The sealed bag should be labelled properly.

Waste liquids should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal.
The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled.

Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface is not contaminated.
The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled.
Broken glassware should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk.
Use water spray to cool & disperse vapors, & protect personnel.

Approach release from upwind.
Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.
Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary.

Disposal Methods of Diethyl monosulfate:
At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision.
Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste.
Summary of avail methods & recommendations given must be treated as guide only.

Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt.
However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose.

The most efficient type is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air: fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air.
Some are designed to accept aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise Diethyl monosulfate is necessary to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust.
Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities are to be destroyed in laboratory.

HEPA (high-efficiency particulate arrestor) filters can be disposed of by incineration.
For spent charcoal filters, the adsorbed material can be stripped off at high temp & carcinogenic wastes generated by this treatment conducted to & burned in an incinerator.

LIQUID WASTE:
Disposal should be carried out by incineration at temp that ensure complete combustion.

SOLID WASTE:
Carcasses of lab animals, cage litter & misc solid wastes should be disposed of by incineration at temp high enough to ensure destruction of chem carcinogens or their metabolites.

Preventive Measures of Diethyl monosulfate:
Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory.
All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used.
They should wash hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse thoroughly.

Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant.
No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided.
Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting.

In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection.
Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection.
If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab.

Operations connected with synth & purification should be carried out under well-ventilated hood.
Analytical procedures should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during procedures should be removed.
Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used & when new fume cupboards are installed.

Diethyl monosulfate is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without powder being blown around the hood.
Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure.
Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur.

Vertical laminar-flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak-tight.
Horizontal laminar-flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used.

Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to Diethyl monosulfate, giving date of test & avg air-flow measured.
This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes.

Identifiers of Diethyl monosulfate:
CAS Number: 64-67-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:34699
ChEMBL: ChEMBL163100
ChemSpider: 5931
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.536
KEGG: C14706
PubChem CID: 6163
RTECS number: WS7875000
UNII: K0FO4VFA7I
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1024045
InChI:
InChI=1S/C4H10O4S/c1-3-7-9(5,6)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
Key: DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N check
InChI=1/C4H10O4S/c1-3-7-9(5,6)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
Key: DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYAR
SMILES: O=S(=O)(OCC)OCC

Properties of Diethyl monosulfate:
Chemical formula: C4H10O4S
Molar mass: 154.18 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 1.2 g/mL
Melting point: −25 °C (−13 °F; 248 K)
Boiling point: 209 °C (408 °F; 482 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water: decomposes in water
Vapor pressure: 0.29 mm Hg
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -86.8·10−6 cm3/mol

Molecular Weight: 154.19
XLogP3: 1.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 154.02997997
Monoisotopic Mass: 154.02997997
Topological Polar Surface Area: 61 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Complexity: 130
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 5.3 (vs air)
vapor pressure:
2 mmHg ( 55 °C)
assay: 98%
form: liquid
refractive index: n20/D 1.399 (lit.)
bp: 208 °C (lit.)
mp: −24 °C (lit.)
density: 1.177 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

Related compounds of Diethyl monosulfate:
Dimethyl sulfate
diethyl sulfite

Names of Diethyl monosulfate:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Diethyl monosulfate

Other names:
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester

Translated names:
diethyl-sulfát
diethylsulfat
Diethylsulfat
dietil sulfat
dietil sulfat
dietil-sulfat
dietil-szulfát
dietilsolfato
dietilsulfatas
dietilsulfāts
dietyl-sulfát
dietylsulfat
dietylsulfat
Dietyylisulfaatti
Dietüülsulfaat
diHethylsulfaat
siarczan dietylu
sulfate de diéthyle
sulfato de dietilo
sulfato de dietilo
θειικός διαιθυλεστέρας
диетил сулфат
CAS names
Sulfuric acid, diethyl ester

IUPAC names:
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
Diethyl monosulfate
DIETHYL SULPHATE
Diethyl Sulphate
Diethyl sulphate
diethyl sulphate
Diethyl sulphate
Diethyl sulphate REACH registration SCC < 1000 tpy DKSH Marketing Services Spain S.A.U.
Diethylsulfat
Sulfuric acid diethyl ester

Diethyl Oxalate appears as a colorless liquid.
Diethyl Oxalate is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water.
Diethyl Oxalate hence sinks in water.
Diethyl Oxalate's vapors are much heavier than air.


CAS number: 95-92-1
EC number: 202-464-1
MDL number: MFCD00009119
Linear Formula: C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Molecular Formula: C6H10O4


Diethyl Oxalate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 tonnes per annum.
Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a starting material to synthesize Ethylene glycol (E890140) by means of catalytic hydrogenation.
Diethyl Oxalate is a colorless unstable liquid.


Diethyl Oxalate is a colorless liquid.
The flash point of Diethyl Oxalate is 168°F.
Diethyl Oxalate is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water. Diethyl Oxalate hence sinks in water.


Diethyl Oxalate is used as a solvent for plastics and in the manufacture of perfumes and pharmaceuticals.
Diethyl Oxalate is insoluble in water.
Diethyl Oxalate appears as a colorless liquid.


Diethyl Oxalate is slightly denser than water and insoluble in water.
Diethyl Oxalate hence sinks in water.
Diethyl Oxalate's vapors are much heavier than air.
Diethyl Oxalate is a natural product found in Mimusops elengi, Nicotiana tabacum, and Couroupita guianensis with data available.


Diethyl Oxalate undergoes transesterification with phenol in the liquid phase over very efficient MoO3/TiO2 solid-acid sol-gel catalysts to form diphenyl oxalate.
Diethyl Oxalate undergoes Claisen condensation with active methylene group of ketosteroids to form glyoxalyl derivatives.
Diethyl Oxalate undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of high copper contented mesoporous Cu/SBA-15 catalysts to yield ethylene glycol.


In addition to this, Diethyl Oxalate is utilized in the microemulsion synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Diethyl Oxalate is miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
Diethyl Oxalate is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, and bases.


Diethyl Oxalate is Moisture sensitive.
Diethyl Oxalate is acolourless liquid
Diethyl Oxalate has the general properties of esters.
Diethyl Oxalate absorbs moisture in the air and decomposes slowly.


Diethyl Oxalate reacts with ammonia to form amide compounds and condenses with acetone to ethyl pyruvate.
Diethyl Oxalate is a colorless oily liquid with aromatic odor.
The relative density was 1.0785.
The melting point of Diethyl Oxalate is -40.6 °c.


The boiling point of Diethyl Oxalate is 185.4 °c.
The refractive index of Diethyl Oxalate is 4101.
The heat of vaporization of Diethyl Oxalate is 284 J/g.


The specific heat capacity of Diethyl Oxalate is 1.81 J/(g. C).
Ethanol, ether, acetone, and other common solvents of Diethyl Oxalate are miscible.
Diethyl Oxalate is slightly soluble in water and gradually decomposed by water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Diethyl Oxalatewas used in microemulsion synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.
Diethyl Oxalate was also used in the synthesis of sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine
Diethyl Oxalate is used as an intermediate mainly used for phenobarbital, barycarbalonate, triethylamine, sulfamethoxazole.


Diethyl Oxalate can also be used as two cotton gelatinized dyes, intermediates and fibers of plastics, solvents for perfumes and synthesis of organic compounds.
Diethyl Oxalate is used as an intermediate mainly used for phenobarbital, barycarbalonate, triethylamine, sulfamethoxazole.


Diethyl Oxalate can also be used as two cotton gelatinized dyes, intermediates and fibers of plastics, solvents for perfumes and synthesis of organic compounds.
Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), plastics and dyestuff intermediates.


Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes and lacquers for electronics.
Diethyl Oxalate is involved in the transesterification reaction with phenol to get dipheny oxalate.
Diethyl Oxalate is also involved in the Claisen condensation ketosteroids to prepare glyoxalyl derivatives.


Further, Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine.
Diethyl Oxalate is used for organic synthesis.
As an intermediate of vitamin B13, Diethyl Oxalate can also be used as a plasticizer.


Diethyl Oxalate is mainly used in pharmaceuticals, pesticides.
Diethyl Oxalate is used as a solvent for plastics and in the manufacture of perfumes and pharmaceuticals.
Diethyl Oxalate is used for synthesis.


Diethyl Oxalate is a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of API and various dyes.
Diethyl Oxalate can be used as a solvent for a number of synthetic and natural resins.
Diethyl Oxalate (DEOX) is also used as a cost effective additive based in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).


Diethyl Oxalate is used to make pharmaceuticals, plastics, dyes, and dyestuff intermediates.
Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes, and lacquers for electronics.
Diethyl oxalate is a chemical used to pre-treat wood chips in order to refine and prepare them for further processing (such as obtaining wood pulp).
Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a starting material to synthesize Ethylene glycol (E890140) by means of catalytic hydrogenation.


Diethyl Oxalate is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Other release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Diethyl Oxalate can be found in products with material based on: rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and polymers.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following areas: building & construction work.


Other release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, inks and toners and polymers.
Release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following products: polymers and laboratory chemicals.


Diethyl Oxalate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Diethyl Oxalate is used for the manufacture of: and chemicals.


Release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, for thermoplastic manufacture, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Release to the environment of Diethyl Oxalate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


Diethyl Oxalate is used manufacture of phenobarbital, ethylbenzyl malonate, triethylamine, and similar chemicals, plastics, dyestuff intermediates.
Diethyl Oxalate is used solvent for cellulose esters, perfumes.
Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), plastics and dyestuff intermediates.


Diethyl Oxalate is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, ethers, resins, perfumes and lacquers for electronics.
Diethyl Oxalate is involved in the transesterification reaction with phenol to get dipheny oxalate.
Diethyl Oxalate is also involved in the Claisen condensation ketosteroids to prepare glyoxalyl derivatives.


Further, Diethyl Oxalate is used to prepare sym-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-polytetrazine.
In addition to this, Diethyl Oxalate is utilized in the microemulsion synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Diethyl Oxalate is mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry.


Diethyl Oxalate is an intermediate of azathioprine, peripheral sulfanilamide, carboxyphenyllipase penicillin, ethoxybenzylpenicillin, chloroquine lactate, thiabendazole, sulfamethoxazole and other drugs.
Diethyl Oxalate can be used as an intermediate of plastics, dyes and other products, and as a solvent of cellulose and spices.


Diethyl Oxalate is often used as the substrate of nucleophilic reagent α,γ- Dicarbonyl esters, ketone compounds, synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, etc. synthesis α,γ- Dicarbonyl esters can be formed by a nucleophilic substitution reaction between ketones and diethyl oxalate under alkaline conditions α,γ- Dicarbonyl ester.


The dicarbonyl ester often exists in the enol structure and can be used to synthesize heterocyclic compounds.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in the synthesis of novel indole β-diketo acid derivatives as HIV-1 integrase inhibitors.
Diethyl Oxalate is used as a drug phenobarbital, azathioprine, solid sulfonamide intermediates and plastic accelerator


Diethyl Oxalate is mainly used as a pharmaceutical raw material intermediate.
Diethyl Oxalate is the intermediate of phenobarbital, azathioprine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, carbenicillin, ampicillin, chloroquine lactate, thiabendazole and other drugs.
Diethyl Oxalate is also an intermediate for dyes and can be used as an accelerator for plastics.



WHAT DOES DIETHYL OXALATE DO in FORMULATION?
*Chelating
*Hair conditioning
*Masking
*Plasticiser
*Solvent



REACTIVITY PROFILE of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Diethyl oxalate is an ester.
Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids.
Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products.
Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides

For the preparation of pure methanol;
Diethyl oxalate is a sulfa drug that has low potency and can be used as a substitute for methyl ethyl or diethyl.
Diethyl Oxalate is used in biological studies and is structurally similar to malonic acid.
Diethyl Oxalate binds to copper chloride, forming an intermediate with the structure of a sulfonium ion before being hydrolyzed by hydrogen fluoride.

This reaction is reversible and the hydrolysis product can bind to nitrogen atoms, forming a nitronium ion.
Diethyl oxalate has been shown to have receptor activity in human serum, which may be due to its structural similarity to malonic acid.
The binding of the drug may result in enzyme inhibition or changes in membrane permeability.
Diethyl oxalate also reacts with trifluoroacetic acid, forming an ester derivative that can react with organic solvents such as acetone and benzene, leading to a variety of products.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Anhydrous oxalic acid and ethanol were esterified in the presence of toluene to produce crude diethyl oxalate.
The crude ester is distilled into finished product.
Raw material consumption quota: 985kg / T oxalic acid, 744kg / T ethanol (95%) and 73.4kg/t toluene.

Another preparation method is to add ethanol, benzene and oxalic acid into the reactor, heat it to 68 ℃, azeotrope reflux dehydration, and take no water out as the end point of the reaction, then recover benzene to obtain crude diethyl oxalate, distill under reduced pressure, and collect 103 ℃ / 6kpa fraction to diethyl oxalate.

Diethyl Oxalate is purified by washing with dilute sodium carbonate solution, drying anhydrous potassium carbonate or sodium sulfate and vacuum distillation.
Another preparation method is to add 45g (0.5mol) of anhydrous oxalic acid ① (2), 81g (1.76mol) of anhydrous ethanol, 200ml of benzene and 10ml of concentrated sulfuric acid into the reaction bottle equipped with agitator and water separator.

It is heated under stirring and refluxed at 68 ~ 70 ℃ for azeotropic dehydration.
After the water is basically evaporated, ethanol and benzene are evaporated.
Wash with water after cooling, wash with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, wash with water, and dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate.

Diethyl oxalate (57g) was obtained by atmospheric distillation and collecting the fraction at 182 ~ 184 ℃, with a yield of 78%.
① dehydrate oxalic acid with anhydrous chloroform water until it crystallizes as follows: steam it with anhydrous oxalic acid and inject it into the powder containing carbon.

Filter by suction, dry and store in dryer for standby.
Anhydrous oxalic acid can also be prepared by drying directly in an oven.
In this experiment, a corresponding amount of oxalic acid containing crystal water can also be used, but the reaction time is longer.



PRODUCTION METHODS of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Diethyl oxalate is produced via esterification of ethanol and oxalic acid. Diethyl Oxalate is a preferred solvent for cellulose acetate and nitrate.
anhydrous oxalic acid was esterified with ethanol in the presence of toluene to produce crude diethyl oxalate.
The crude ester is subjected to distillation to a finished product.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
Molecular Weight: 146.14 g/mol
XLogP3: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 146.05790880 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 146.05790880 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 52.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 114
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS number: 95-92-1
EC index number: 607-147-00-5
EC number: 202-464-1

Hill Formula: C₆H₁₀O₄
Chemical formula: C₂H₅OOCCOOC₂H₅
Molar Mass: 146.14 g/mol
HS Code: 2917 11 00
Boiling point: 182 - 186 °C
Density: 1.078 g/cm3
Explosion limit: 0.42 - 2.67 %(V)
Flash point: 75 °C
Ignition temperature: 410 °C
Melting Point: -41 °C
Vapor pressure: 0.27 hPa (20 °C)
Melting point: -41 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 185 °C
Density: 1.076g/cm3 (25℃)
Flash point: 75 °C
Appearance: Colorless oily liquid
Acidity(Calculated by C2H2O4): 0.1% Max.
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: aromatic
Melting point/range: -41 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 185 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper explosion limit: 2,67 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,42 %(V)
Flash point: 75 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 412 °C at 984 hPa
Decomposition temperature: Distillable in an undecomposed state at normal pressure.
pH: No data available
Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 2,01 mPa.s at 20 °C
Water solubility at: 20 °C - OECD Test Guideline 105(slow decomposition)
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water log Pow: 0,56 - (Lit.), Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: 1,33 hPa at 47 °C 0,27 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1,076 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: 1,08 at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: 5,04 - (Air = 1.0)
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Surface tension: 32,22
Relative vapor Density: 5,04 - (Air = 1.0)

Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.07600 to 1.08200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 8.953 to 9.003
Refractive Index: 1.40700 to 1.41300 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -41.00 to -40.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 185.70 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 113.00 to 114.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.414000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 5.03 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 168.00 °F. TCC ( 75.56 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.560
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 3.60E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C6H10O4 = 146.14
Physical State (20 deg.C): Liquid
CAS RN: 95-92-1
Reaxys Registry Number: 606350
PubChem Substance ID: 87574125
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 575
Merck Index (14): 3125

MDL Number: MFCD00009119
Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colourless
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Assay (GC): min. 99%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C: 1.075-1.080
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.409-1.411
Boiling Range: 182-186°C
Non Volatile Matter: max. 0.05%
Acidity (H2C2O4): max. 0.1%
Water (KF): max. 0.1%
Melting point: -41 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 185 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.076 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 5.03 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 47 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.410(lit.)
Flash point: 168 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
form: Liquid
color: Clear
explosive limit: 0.42-2.67%(V)

Water Solubility: MAY DECOMPOSE
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Merck: 14,3125
BRN: 606350
Stability: Stable, but moisture sensitive.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.560
Molecular Formula: C6H10O4
Molar Mass: 146.14
Density: 1.076 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -41 °C (lit.)
Boling Point: 185 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 168°F
Water Solubility: MAY DECOMPOSE
Solubility: Miscible with alcohols, ether and other common organic solvents.
Vapor Presure: 1 mm Hg ( 47 °C)
Vapor Density: 5.03 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid

Color: Clear
Merck: 14,3125
BRN: 606350
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Stability: Stable, but moisture sensitive.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Explosive Limit: 0.42-2.67%(V)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.410(lit.)
Physical and Chemical Properties: Colorless oily liquid with aromatic odor.
melting point: -40.6 ℃
boiling point: 185.4 ℃
relative density: 1.0785
refractive index: 1.4101
solubility: miscible with common solvents such as ethanol, ether and acetone.
Slightly soluble in water.



FIRST AID MEASURES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
-After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
-After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
-Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 10 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A (acc. to DIN 3181)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Moisture sensitive.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of DIETHYL OXALATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
DIETHYL OXALATE
95-92-1
Ethyl oxalate
diethyloxalate
Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester
Diethyl ethanedioate
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Oxalic ether
Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester
Ethyl oxalate (VAN)
NSC 8851
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
HSDB 2131
EINECS 202-464-1
UN2525
BRN 0606350
Diethyl ester of oxalic acid
UNII-860M3ZWF6J
860M3ZWF6J
DTXSID2044472
150992-84-0
NSC-8851
Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester
EC 202-464-1
4-02-00-01848 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MFCD00009119
diethyl ethaneioate
Diethyl ethanidioate
Oxalic acid diethyl
diethyl ethane-dioate
ETHYL OXOLATE
oxalic acid diethylester
1,2-diethyl ethanedioate
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Diethyl oxalate, >=99%
SCHEMBL7262
WLN: 2OVVO2
DIETHYL OXALATE [MI]
DIETHYL OXALATE [HSDB]
DIETHYL OXALATE [INCI]
CHEMBL3183226
DTXCID0024472
NSC8851
AMY37179
Ethanedioic acid 1,2-diethyl ester
Diethyl oxalate, analytical standard
Tox21_302109
BBL011413
Ethyl oxalate [UN2525]
NA2525
STL146519
ETHANEDIOC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER
AKOS000120214
Ethyl oxalate [UN2525]
UN 2525
CAS-95-92-1
NCGC00255767-01
AS-14315
BP-13324
LS-99427
Diethyl oxalate, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
FT-0645510
O0078
O0120
EN300-19207
F87445
Q904612
J-802189
Q-200981
5-pentyl-5-tetrahydropyran-2-yl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione
ETHANEDIOIC ACID,DIETHYL ESTER (DIETHYLOXALATE)
F1908-0115
Z104473164
InChI=1/C6H10O4/c1-3-9-5(7)6(8)10-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H
Diethyl ethanedioate, Ethyl oxalate
Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester
Ethyl Oxalate
Ethanedioic Acid 1,2-Diethyl Ester
Oxalic Acid Diethyl Ester
Diethyl Ethanedioate
Ethyl Oxalate
NSC 8851
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
Ethanedioic acid, diethyl ester
Ethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate (VAN)
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Oxalic ether
UN2525
Oxalic acid, diethyl ester
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Diethylester kyseliny stavelove
UN 2525
Diethyl ester of oxalic acid
Oxalic ether
Ethanedioic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester
NSC 8851
ETHYL OXALATE
OXALIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Oxalic ether
Ceftriaxone Impurity 5
GKSW
oxalicether
EthyIoxalate
Diethyl oxate
Diαthyloxalat
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
1,​2-​diethyl ester ethanedioic acid
Diethyl ethanedioate
Diethyl oxalate
Ethyl oxalate
Diethyl Ethanedioate-13C2
Diethyl Oxalate-13C2
Ethyl Oxalate-13C2
NSC 8851-13C2
Ethanedioic Acid, Diethyl Ester-13C2
Ethanedioic Acid, 1,2-Diethyl Ester-13C2
ETHYL OXALATE
Ethyl oxalate
C2H5OCOCOOC2H5
Diethyl oxalate
DIETHYL OXALATE
AKOS BBS-00004457
RARECHEM AL BI 0114
diethyl ethanedioate
DIETHYL ETHANEDIOATE
OXALIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER
Oxalic acid diethyl ester
Ethanedioic acid diethyl ester