Paint, Construction, Plastics, Rubber Chemicals

Carbomer
carbomer; Poly(acrylic acid); PAA, PAAc, Acrysol, Acumer, Alcosperse, Aquatreat, Carbomer, Sokalan cas no: 9003-01-4
CARBOMER 940
ACTIVATED CARBON DARCO G-60;ACTIVATED CHARCOAL NORIT;ACTIVATED CHARCOAL NORIT(R);ACETYLENE BLACK;ACETYLENE CARBON BLACK;CARBO ACTIVATUS;CARBON, ACTIVATED;CARBON 84 CAS NO:1333-86-4
CARBOMER 940

Carbomer 940 is a synthetic polymer made from acrylic acid monomers.
Its chemical structure consists of long chains of acrylic acid molecules cross-linked with a polyalkenyl ether.
Carbomer 940 is commonly used as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and stabilizer in a wide range of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products.
Carbomer 940 is known for its ability to create clear, transparent gels when hydrated, making it valuable in formulations where clarity is important.

CAS Number: 9003-01-4



APPLICATIONS


Carbomer 940 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate oral suspensions and liquid medications.
In the cosmetics industry, Carbomer 940 is a key ingredient in the production of clear and stable gel-based skincare products.
Carbomer 940 is utilized in the formulation of gel-based sunscreens, providing even distribution of UV-blocking agents.
Carbomer 940 plays a vital role in creating gel-based hand sanitizers, improving the consistency and ease of application.
In ophthalmic products, Carbomer 940 is used to formulate clear and soothing eye drops.

Topical gels containing Carbomer 940 are used to deliver medications for conditions such as arthritis and muscle pain.
Dental care products, including toothpaste and dental gels, use Carbomer 940 to create a smooth and uniform texture.
Veterinary wound dressings and gels often contain Carbomer 940 for wound healing in animals.
Many hair styling products, such as hair gels and pomades, rely on Carbomer 940 for their gel-like consistency.

Skin moisturizers and serums in the cosmetic industry use Carbomer 940 to provide a non-greasy and hydrating feel.
Some topical antibiotic ointments use Carbomer 940 as a stabilizer to maintain the integrity of active ingredients.
Gel-based dietary supplements may incorporate Carbomer 940 to suspend vitamins, minerals, and nutrients.

Lubricating gels for medical procedures, such as ultrasound exams, benefit from Carbomer 940's smooth texture.
Veterinary topical products for pets, including wound care and skin treatments, utilize Carbomer 940.
Clear and stable gel-based air fresheners often contain Carbomer 940 to disperse fragrances effectively.
Carbomer 940 is employed in the creation of gel-based adhesive products for labels and stickers.

Dental adhesives and dental impression materials use this polymer to improve adhesion and consistency.
Carbomer 940 contributes to the formulation of gel-based hair color products, preventing drips during application.
Skincare masks and treatments use this polymer to create gel-like textures that adhere well to the skin.
Veterinary dental gels may contain Carbomer 940 to enhance adhesion and effectiveness.

Clear and transparent gel-based personal lubricants for intimate use use Carbomer 940 for their texture.
Carbomer 940 is employed in the creation of gel-based fragrances and perfumes, allowing for controlled release.
In the electronics industry, Carbomer 940 may be added to thermal grease formulations to improve heat conductivity.
Gel-based insect repellent creams and lotions for outdoor use often contain Carbomer 940.
Carbomer 940 continues to find applications in various industries, contributing to the development of innovative and effective products across sectors.

Carbomer 940 is frequently used in the formulation of gel-based over-the-counter (OTC) topical pain relievers, offering soothing relief for muscle and joint discomfort.
Carbomer 940 plays a role in the production of clear, non-dripping gel-based hair dyes, making it easier for consumers to apply the product evenly.
Skin-friendly gel-based exfoliants and peels often contain Carbomer 940 to create a consistent texture for gentle exfoliation.
Carbomer 940 is found in wound care gels and hydrogel dressings, aiding in the management of chronic and acute wounds.

Gel-based hand and body washes use this polymer to create luxurious, moisturizing lathers that cleanse and hydrate the skin.
Some sunscreen products utilize Carbomer 940 to improve the spreadability of UV-blocking agents for better sun protection.
Veterinary oral gels containing Carbomer 940 make it easier to administer medications to pets, ensuring precise dosing.

In the food industry, Carbomer 940 may be used in gel-based food products, such as dessert fillings and toppings.
Denture adhesives may contain Carbomer 940 to provide strong adhesion and comfort for denture wearers.
Carbomer 940 is an ingredient in the formulation of gel-based personal lubricants for intimate use.

Gel-based paints and coatings may incorporate Carbomer 940 to achieve the desired consistency and adhesion to surfaces.
Carbomer 940 is used in the creation of clear, water-based gel candles that burn cleanly and slowly.

In the manufacturing of gel-based insect bite relief products, Carbomer 940 helps soothe itching and discomfort.
Veterinary eye gels containing Carbomer 940 aid in ocular medication delivery for pets.
Carbomer 940 is employed in the production of gel-based air fresheners, contributing to long-lasting fragrance dispersion.

Gel-based pet shampoos and conditioners use Carbomer 940 for its ability to provide a luxurious texture and effective cleansing.
Some gel-based cleaning agents for household and industrial use may contain Carbomer 940 for improved viscosity and cleaning performance.
Veterinary digestive supplements in gel form use this polymer to ensure even distribution of active ingredients.

Carbomer 940 is an essential component in the formulation of gel-based wound sealants and adhesives for medical applications.
Carbomer 940 is found in gel-based foot creams and treatments for moisturizing and softening dry skin.
In the agricultural sector, Carbomer 940 may be added to formulations of gel-based pesticides and herbicides to improve adhesion to plant surfaces.

Veterinary ear gels containing Carbomer 940 aid in the administration of ear medications for pets.
Some gel-based pet dental care products use Carbomer 940 to create effective and easy-to-apply formulations.
Carbomer 940 is used in the production of clear, gel-based household adhesives for various DIY and repair applications.

Carbomer 940 continues to be a valuable and versatile ingredient, contributing to the creation of innovative and effective products across multiple industries.
Gel-based personal lubricants containing Carbomer 940 offer enhanced comfort and lubrication during intimate activities.
Carbomer 940 is used in the production of gel-based tattoo aftercare products to soothe and protect newly tattooed skin.

In the textile industry, Carbomer 940 may be added to textile printing pastes to improve consistency and print quality.
Some gel-based acne treatments and spot treatments use Carbomer 940 to deliver active ingredients effectively.
Veterinary gel-based oral hygiene products help maintain pets' dental health and may contain Carbomer 940.

Carbomer 940 is utilized in the creation of gel-based industrial lubricants to reduce friction and enhance machinery performance.
Gel-based wound care products for human and veterinary use incorporate this polymer to promote healing and prevent infection.
Carbomer 940 is found in gel-based antifungal creams and ointments, aiding in the treatment of fungal skin infections.
Some gel-based adhesive removers use Carbomer 940 to dissolve and remove adhesive residues from skin and surfaces.
Gel-based depilatory creams and lotions may contain this polymer for smooth and effective hair removal.

Carbomer 940 is used in the formulation of clear and stable gel-based contact lens lubricants for improved comfort.
In the electronics industry, Carbomer 940 may be added to thermal interface materials (TIMs) for efficient heat dissipation.
Gel-based skin barrier creams containing Carbomer 940 help protect the skin from irritants and moisture.
Veterinary gel-based eye drops use Carbomer 940 to ensure precise dosing and eye lubrication for animals.

Some gel-based foot care products contain Carbomer 940 to provide relief from dry, cracked heels and calluses.
Carbomer 940 is utilized in the creation of gel-based airbrush makeup products for a flawless finish.

Gel-based ink formulations for specialty pens and markers may incorporate this polymer to control viscosity.
In the automotive industry, Carbomer 940 may be used in the production of gel-based tire shine products for a glossy finish.
Veterinary gel-based supplements for pets use Carbomer 940 to maintain the stability of active ingredients.

Carbomer 940 is found in gel-based cuticle removers and nail treatments for nail care and grooming.
Gel-based adhesive pads and tapes use this polymer to enhance adhesion and durability.
Some gel-based personal cooling products, such as cooling gels and patches, contain Carbomer 940 for soothing relief.

Carbomer 940 is employed in the creation of gel-based oral hygiene products for humans and pets.
Gel-based stain removers and pre-treatment products may contain this polymer for effective stain removal.
Carbomer 940 remains a versatile and indispensable ingredient, contributing to the development of innovative and functional products across diverse industries.



DESCRIPTION


Carbomer 940 is a synthetic polymer made from acrylic acid monomers.
Its chemical structure consists of long chains of acrylic acid molecules cross-linked with a polyalkenyl ether.
Carbomer 940 is commonly used as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and stabilizer in a wide range of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products.
Carbomer 940 is known for its ability to create clear, transparent gels when hydrated, making it valuable in formulations where clarity is important.

Carbomer 940 is also pH-sensitive and can be neutralized with alkalis (bases) to achieve the desired viscosity and gel consistency in various applications.
Carbomer 940 is a high-molecular-weight polymer widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries.

Carbomer 940 is a synthetic acrylic acid polymer composed of long, cross-linked chains.
Carbomer 940r is known for its exceptional thickening and gelling properties.
Carbomer 940 is a white, fluffy, and powdery substance in its dry form.

When hydrated, Carbomer 940 forms clear, transparent gels that are valued for their aesthetic appeal.
Carbomer 940 is pH-sensitive, meaning its viscosity and gel consistency can be adjusted by neutralizing it with alkalis such as sodium hydroxide.
Carbomer 940 can absorb and retain large amounts of water, making it an excellent moisturizing agent.

Carbomer 940 is used to stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water phases in various formulations.
In pharmaceuticals, Carbomer 940 is commonly used to create controlled-release drug delivery systems.
Carbomer 940 is a key ingredient in the formulation of topical gels, ointments, and creams used for a wide range of skin conditions.

Cosmetic products like clear gels, serums, and moisturizers often contain Carbomer 940 to achieve a luxurious and non-greasy texture.
Hand sanitizers may use Carbomer 940 to thicken the formulation for easier application.
Carbomer 940 can suspend solid particles evenly in liquid formulations, making it suitable for suspensions and shampoos.
Dental gels and toothpaste may use this polymer to create a smooth and consistent texture for effective cleaning.

Carbomer 940 plays a crucial role in the formulation of clear eye drops, ensuring proper viscosity and comfort upon application.
Veterinary topical products like wound dressings and gels use Carbomer 940 for wound care and treatment.

Carbomer 940 is often found in gel-based haircare products, such as hair gels and styling creams.
Some topical antibiotic ointments contain Carbomer 940 to maintain the stability of active ingredients.
Carbomer 940 is used in the production of gel-based sunscreens, ensuring even distribution of UV filters.

Lubricating gels for various applications, including medical procedures and personal use, use this polymer to create smooth textures.
Carbomer 940 aids in the creation of gel-based dietary supplements, helping to suspend active ingredients effectively.
Carbomer 940 can form a thin, flexible film when applied to the skin, providing a protective barrier.

In the automotive industry, Carbomer 940 is used in the production of lubricating gels for various components.
Carbomer 940 is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients, making it a versatile choice for formulators.
Overall, Carbomer 940's unique properties make it an indispensable ingredient in numerous products, contributing to their texture, stability, and performance.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: White, fluffy powder in its dry form.
Texture: Forms clear, transparent gels when hydrated.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Insoluble in water; swells and disperses in water to form gels.
pH-Sensitivity: Viscosity and gel consistency can be adjusted by neutralizing with alkalis (bases) such as sodium hydroxide.
Hygroscopicity: Has the ability to absorb and retain significant amounts of water.
Molecular Weight: High molecular weight polymer.
Film-Forming: Can form a thin, flexible film when applied to surfaces.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Made from acrylic acid monomers cross-linked with a polyalkenyl ether.
Acidity: Contains carboxylic acid groups (carboxyl groups) in its structure.
Polymerization: Synthetic polymer created through polymerization reactions.
Cross-Linking: Forms a cross-linked network of polymer chains when hydrated.


Functional Properties:

Thickening: Acts as a highly efficient thickening agent in formulations.
Gelling: Ability to create stable gels with varying viscosities.
Stabilizing: Used to stabilize emulsions, suspensions, and dispersions.
Moisturizing: Can absorb and retain water, providing hydration in topical applications.
Clarity: Gels formed are typically clear and transparent.
pH Adjustment: Allows for pH adjustment in formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation (Breathing in Dust):

Move to Fresh Air:
If there is accidental inhalation of Carbomer 940 dust, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air to prevent further exposure.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation or distress persists or worsens, seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance involved.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If Carbomer 940 comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and shoes to prevent further exposure.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected skin area gently but thoroughly with mild soap and lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes to remove any residue.

Seek Medical Attention:
If skin irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions occur and persist, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
In case of accidental eye contact with Carbomer 940, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing, lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Use an eyewash station if available.

Contact Lenses:
If contact lenses are being worn and can be easily removed, do so while flushing the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if eye irritation, redness, pain, or blurred vision persists.


Ingestion (Swallowing):

Do NOT Induce Vomiting:
If Carbomer 940 is accidentally ingested, do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth gently with water and provide sips of water to drink if the person is conscious and not experiencing symptoms of aspiration.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center if a significant amount has been ingested or if symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or discomfort occur.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Conditions:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Carbomer 940, wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles or face shield, gloves, and lab coat or protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize the inhalation of dust or aerosolized particles. Use local exhaust ventilation if available.

Avoid Dust Generation:
Handle Carbomer 940 gently to minimize the generation of dust.
Dust can lead to inhalation and eye irritation.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
In case of accidental contact, follow the first aid measures provided and seek medical attention if necessary.

Prevent Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, smoke, or apply cosmetics in areas where Carbomer 940 is being handled.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Hygiene Practices:
Implement good personal hygiene practices, including washing hands before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Storage and Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate equipment, such as scoops or dust masks, to handle Carbomer 940 if required by the handling procedure.

Labeling:
Ensure that containers holding Carbomer 940 are clearly labeled with the substance name and any relevant safety information.


Storage Conditions:

Storage Temperature:
Store Carbomer 940 in a cool, dry place at room temperature, typically between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
Avoid exposure to extreme heat or cold.

Moisture Prevention:
Protect the substance from moisture and humidity, as excessive moisture can affect its properties and cause clumping.

Light Protection:
Store Carbomer 940 away from direct sunlight or strong UV radiation, as exposure to light can degrade the substance over time.

Proper Sealing:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.

Incompatible Materials:
Store Carbomer 940 away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents, acids, and bases.

Separation Prevention:
If stored as a dry powder, periodically check for any signs of clumping or caking and break up any clumps to maintain its free-flowing consistency.

Original Packaging:
Whenever possible, use the original packaging or containers provided by the manufacturer to store Carbomer 940.



SYNONYMS


Carbopol 940 (Carbopol is a trademarked name for carbomers)
Polyacrylic acid
Acrylic acid polymer
Carbomer homopolymer
Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer
Carbomer resin
Carboxypolymethylene
Carbopol ETD 2020
Carbopol 2020 NF
Carbopol 980
Carbopol 981
Carbopol 1342
Carbopol 1382
Carbopol 941
Carbopol 934
Carbopol 961
Carbopol 974P
Carbopol 934P
Carbopol 971P
Carbopol 2020
Acrysol K 150
Pemulen TR-1
Ultrez 20
Novethix L-10
Noveon AA-1
CARBOMER 980

Carbomer 980 is a synthetic polymer and is a type of high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid.
Carbomer 980 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and emulsifying agent.
Carbomer polymers are known for their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of water, which allows them to form gels and thickened solutions when dispersed in aqueous media.

CAS Number: 9003-01-4



APPLICATIONS


Carbomer 980 is extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry as a thickening agent for oral suspensions and syrups.
Carbomer 980 is a key ingredient in many over-the-counter and prescription medications, helping to create stable and easily dosed liquid formulations.

In cosmetics, Carbomer 980 is employed to thicken creams, lotions, and gels, providing a pleasant texture and improved product spreadability.
Carbomer 980 is commonly found in skincare products like moisturizers and serums, contributing to their smooth and luxurious feel.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the formulation of clear and transparent gel-based skincare products, such as anti-aging gels and hydrating masks.
Carbomer 980 helps suspend and evenly distribute active ingredients in cosmetic formulations, ensuring uniform application.

Haircare products like hair gels and styling products often contain Carbomer 980 to enhance texture and hold.
In the personal care industry, Carbomer 980 is used in the production of bath gels, shower creams, and hand sanitizers to achieve the desired consistency.
Carbomer 980 is crucial in the formulation of sunscreens, providing stability and a smooth application experience.

Dental products like toothpaste and mouthwash use Carbomer 980 for its thickening and suspending properties.
Topical pain relief gels and creams rely on Carbomer 980 to maintain a gel-like consistency for easy application and absorption.
Carbomer 980 is a common ingredient in ophthalmic solutions and eye drops, ensuring that the solution remains in contact with the eye's surface.

Veterinary medications may also contain Carbomer 980 to facilitate dosing and administration to animals.
Carbomer 980 is used in wound care products like hydrogel dressings, aiding in moisture retention and wound healing.
Carbomer 980 is found in rectal gels and suppositories, improving the retention of active pharmaceutical ingredients.

Gel-based contraceptives, used as a spermicide, often include Carbomer 980 to maintain the gel's consistency and effectiveness.
In the food industry, Carbomer 980 is employed as a thickening agent in certain food products, although its use is more common in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
Carbomer 980 plays a role in the creation of ultrasound gels used in medical imaging procedures.

Carbomer 980 is utilized in veterinary wound care products to enhance their effectiveness in treating animal injuries.
In the textile industry, Carbomer 980 can be used as a thickener in dyeing processes.

Carbomer 980 is an important component in the production of adhesives and sealants for various applications.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the thickening and stabilization of latex-based paints and coatings.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the formulation of hair removal creams and depilatory products.

Carbomer 980 is a valuable ingredient in the cosmetics industry for creating long-lasting nail gels and polishes.
Carbomer 980 is essential in the production of a wide range of consumer and industrial products, enhancing their performance and user experience.
Carbomer 980 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate controlled-release drug delivery systems, ensuring a gradual release of medications over time.
Carbomer 980 is an essential component in the manufacturing of contact lens solutions, contributing to the comfort and efficacy of the solution for lens wearers.

In the production of topical antibiotic ointments and creams, Carbomer 980 helps maintain the consistency and stability of the product.
Dental adhesives and oral care gels often contain this polymer to improve their adhesive properties and consistency.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of wound irrigation solutions for cleansing and disinfecting wounds.
Carbomer 980 is an ingredient in veterinary topical formulations, including creams, gels, and ointments, for the treatment of skin conditions in animals.

Cosmetic products such as foundation primers and makeup removers benefit from the smoothing and emulsifying properties of Carbomer 980.
Hand and body lotions containing this polymer provide a luxurious and non-greasy texture, making them more appealing to consumers.
Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of gel-based hair conditioners, enhancing the manageability and softness of the hair.

Carbomer 980 is a crucial ingredient in the production of ultrasound coupling gels, ensuring efficient transmission of ultrasound waves in medical imaging.
In the automotive industry, Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of lubricating gels used for window regulators and door seals.
Some lubricating eye drops contain Carbomer 980 to provide long-lasting relief for dry eyes.

Carbomer 980 contributes to the creation of stable and smooth-textured shaving gels and creams.
Veterinary ear cleansers and treatments may contain this polymer to aid in ear cleaning and medication application.
Carbomer 980 plays a role in the formulation of sunscreen lotions and sprays, providing a uniform distribution of UV filters.

Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of dermal fillers for cosmetic procedures, helping to achieve desired consistency and longevity.
Some dietary supplements, particularly liquid formulations, use this polymer to suspend active ingredients.
In the electronics industry, Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of thermal interface materials to enhance heat dissipation.

Carbomer 980 is found in denture adhesives, improving the hold and comfort of dentures for wearers.
Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of gel-based household cleaning products, including toilet bowl cleaners.
In the construction industry, Carbomer 980 can be added to cement-based formulations to improve workability and adhesion.
Water-based lubricants for personal use and medical procedures often contain Carbomer 980 for a smooth and non-irritating experience.

Some topical antifungal treatments for skin conditions such as athlete's foot and ringworm contain this polymer to enhance product efficacy.
Carbomer 980 is employed in the production of gel-based insect repellents for ease of application.

Carbomer 980 continues to find applications in various industries, emphasizing its versatility and importance in product development and manufacturing processes.
In the agricultural industry, Carbomer 980 can be used in the formulation of gel-based pesticides to improve adhesion to plant surfaces.
Some veterinary wound dressings contain Carbomer 980 to provide a moist environment that supports wound healing in animals.

Carbomer 980 is utilized in the cosmetics industry to formulate water-based foundations, ensuring a smooth and even application.
Carbomer 980 can be found in skincare masks, helping to create gel-like textures that adhere well to the skin.

Carbomer 980 is used in the production of gel-based serums and treatments, delivering concentrated skincare ingredients effectively.
In the manufacturing of adhesives for labels and stickers, Carbomer 980 contributes to the desired tackiness and adhesion.
Some hair color products contain Carbomer 980 to create stable gel-based formulations that do not drip during application.

Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of gel-based fragrances and perfumes, allowing for controlled release over time.
Toothpaste gels formulated with this polymer offer improved consistency and texture for effective cleaning.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of rectal gels for the treatment of certain medical conditions.

Veterinary dental gels use Carbomer 980 to improve their adherence to the animal's teeth and gums.
Some wound sealants and hemostatic agents used in surgery contain Carbomer 980 to create a gel-like barrier.
Carbomer 980 is used in the production of gel-based hair styling products, including hair gels and pomades.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the creation of gel-based personal lubricants for intimate use.

In the electronics industry, Carbomer 980 can be added to thermal grease formulations to improve heat conductivity.
Some dietary supplements in liquid form use Carbomer 980 to suspend vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients.
In the textile industry, Carbomer 980 is employed as a thickener for dyeing and printing processes.

Carbomer 980 is used in the formulation of clear and transparent gel-based hand sanitizers.
Some veterinary wound sealants contain this polymer to promote rapid and effective wound closure in animals.

Carbomer 980 plays a role in the production of gel-based veterinary ear medications for pets.
Carbomer 980 is used in the formulation of clear, water-based gel lubricants for medical procedures.
In the aerospace industry, Carbomer 980 can be found in heat-resistant gels used in certain applications.

Some veterinary oral gels use this polymer to improve palatability and ease of administration.
Carbomer 980 is employed in the creation of clear and stable gel-based air fresheners.

Carbomer 980 continues to be a versatile and indispensable ingredient in numerous industries, contributing to the development of a wide range of consumer, medical, and industrial products.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of gel-based wound care dressings, which provide a moist environment for optimal wound healing.
Carbomer 980 is found in veterinary eye ointments, helping to create a viscous and long-lasting eye treatment.

Carbomer 980 contributes to the formulation of gel-based dietary fiber supplements, making it easier for consumers to incorporate fiber into their diets.
In the manufacturing of gel-based air fresheners for cars and homes, it enhances the dispersion of fragrances.
Veterinary dental gels containing this polymer help pet owners maintain their pets' oral health by aiding in plaque and tartar removal.

Some veterinary eye drops use Carbomer 980 to improve ocular drug delivery and retention.
In the electronics industry, it can be found in the production of conductive gels used in various applications.
Carbomer 980 is used in the creation of clear and stable gel-based hand and body washes.

Carbomer 980 contributes to the formulation of gel-based insect repellent creams and lotions for outdoor use.
In the production of gel-based plant fertilizers, it helps ensure controlled nutrient release.
Veterinary wound gels containing this polymer can be used on both small and large animals to facilitate wound healing.

Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of gel-based mouth rinses and oral care products.
Some veterinary digestive supplements in gel form use this polymer for improved consistency and ease of administration.
Carbomer 980 is found in the creation of gel-based medical lubricants for procedures such as endoscopy.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the formulation of gel-based foot creams and treatments, aiding in the softening and moisturizing of the skin.

In the automotive industry, Carbomer 980 can be used in the production of gel-based tire shines and dressings for tire maintenance.
Veterinary topical wound gels with Carbomer 980 help prevent contamination and promote healing.
Some veterinary ointments contain this polymer to create a thick and protective barrier for wound care.
Carbomer 980 is utilized in the production of gel-based cleaning agents for various applications, including industrial and household cleaning.
Carbomer 980 can be found in the creation of gel-based hair removal creams for smooth skin.

In the agricultural sector, Carbomer 980 may be added to formulations of gel-based herbicides and pesticides to improve adherence to plant surfaces.
Some veterinary analgesic gels use this polymer to enhance the application and absorption of pain-relieving medications.
Carbomer 980 is employed in the formulation of clear and stable gel-based lubricants for mechanical applications.
In the jewelry industry, Carbomer 980 can be used in the production of gel-based polishing compounds for metals and gemstones.
Carbomer 980 continues to be a valuable and adaptable component in numerous industries, contributing to the development of innovative and effective products across various sectors.



DESCRIPTION


Carbomer 980 is a synthetic polymer and is a type of high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid.
Carbomer 980 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as a thickening agent, gelling agent, and emulsifying agent.
Carbomer polymers are known for their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of water, which allows them to form gels and thickened solutions when dispersed in aqueous media.

Carbomer 980, in particular, is designed for use in topical and oral formulations, including gels, creams, lotions, and suspensions.
Carbomer 980 helps improve the texture, stability, and consistency of such products, making them easier to apply and enhancing their overall performance.

Carbomer 980 is a synthetic, high-molecular-weight polymer with a powdery appearance.
Carbomer 980 belongs to the Carbomer family, which consists of various acrylic acid polymers.

Carbomer 980 is highly versatile and widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries.
Carbomer 980 is primarily employed as a thickening and gelling agent.
Carbomer 980 is designed to create stable gels and enhance the viscosity of aqueous solutions.

Carbomer 980 has the ability to absorb and retain a significant amount of water.
Carbomer 980 forms transparent gels when dispersed in water or other aqueous solutions.
Carbomer 980 is odorless and tasteless, making it suitable for use in various formulations.

Carbomer 980 is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients and pharmaceutical compounds.
Carbomer 980 is often used to improve the texture and consistency of creams and lotions.
Carbomer 980 helps prevent the separation of ingredients in emulsions.
Carbomer 980 is known for its excellent suspending properties, which allow it to hold particles evenly throughout a formulation.
Carbomer 980 is used in the formulation of topical gels, such as hand sanitizers and acne treatments.

Carbomer 980 aids in stabilizing and thickening oral suspensions and syrups.
In cosmetics, Carbomer 980 enhances the spreadability and application of skin care products.
Carbomer 980 is particularly useful in creating clear and transparent gel-based products.

Carbomer 980 is pH-sensitive and can be neutralized with alkalis to achieve the desired gel consistency.
Carbomer 980 is effective in thickening a wide range of formulations, from shampoos to eye drops.
Carbomer 980 helps improve the adhesion of cosmetic products to the skin.

Carbomer 980 is often used in sunscreens and other UV protection products.
Carbomer 980 is essential in the formulation of hand sanitizers and disinfecting gels.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the long-lasting stability of many personal care products.

Carbomer 980 enhances the rheological properties of various formulations.
Carbomer 980 is an industry-standard ingredient relied upon for its thickening and stabilizing capabilities.
Its versatility and compatibility with other ingredients make it a valuable component in a wide range of consumer products.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Composition: Carbomer 980 is a high-molecular-weight, cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymer.
Appearance: It typically appears as a white, fluffy, or powdery substance.
Solubility: Carbomer 980 is insoluble in water in its dry form.
Hydration: When mixed with water or aqueous solutions, it can absorb and retain large amounts of water, forming clear, transparent gels.
pH Sensitivity: Carbomer 980 is pH-sensitive and can be neutralized with alkalis (bases) to achieve the desired viscosity and gel consistency.
Viscosity: It has the ability to significantly increase the viscosity of liquid formulations, making it an effective thickening agent.
Stability: Carbomer 980 imparts stability to formulations by preventing ingredient separation and maintaining product integrity.
Clarity: It contributes to the clarity and transparency of gel-based products.
Emulsification: In emulsions, Carbomer 980 can help stabilize the mixture and prevent oil and water phases from separating.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbomer 980 dust or particles are inhaled, immediately remove the affected person from the contaminated area to an area with fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or discomfort persists, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Carbomer 980 powder or gel, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and mild soap.
Rinse the skin thoroughly to remove any residual material.
If skin irritation, redness, or rash develops, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

If Carbomer 980 comes into contact with the eyes, immediately rinse the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open.
Remove any contact lenses if present and continue rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if eye irritation or redness persists.


Ingestion:

If Carbomer 980 is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth with water to remove any residual material.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.

Note: Always provide the medical personnel with information about the specific Carbomer 980 product, its concentration, and the exact circumstances of exposure for appropriate treatment guidance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Carbomer 980 in powder or gel form, wear appropriate PPE, including safety goggles, gloves, and a lab coat or protective clothing to minimize the risk of skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area to reduce the potential for inhaling airborne dust or vapors.

Avoiding Dust Formation:
Take measures to prevent the generation of dust when handling Carbomer 980 powder.
Avoid activities such as pouring or scooping that can disperse particles into the air.

Avoiding Contact:
Do not touch your face, eyes, or mouth with gloved hands that may have come into contact with Carbomer 980.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill Response:
In the event of a spill or leakage, follow the procedures outlined in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for Carbomer 980, which may include measures for containment, cleanup, and disposal.

Storage Containers:
Ensure that containers used for storing Carbomer 980 are tightly sealed to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.


Storage:

Cool and Dry Location:
Store Carbomer 980 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, heat sources, and high temperatures, as elevated temperatures can lead to product degradation.

Temperature Range:
Typically, Carbomer 980 should be stored at temperatures below 25°C (77°F).
However, specific storage temperature recommendations may vary depending on the manufacturer's guidelines.

Moisture Prevention:
Protect Carbomer 980 from moisture by storing it in airtight containers or packaging.
Moisture can cause clumping and affect product performance.

Separation:
If the product has been stored for an extended period, gently mix or stir it before use to ensure homogeneity, especially if it has a tendency to settle.

Incompatible Materials:
Keep Carbomer 980 away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents, which can react with the polymer.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the product name, batch or lot number, and any specific storage instructions provided by the manufacturer.



SYNONYMS


Carbopol 981
Carbopol 2020
Carbomer 934P
Acrylic Acid Polymer
Cross-Linked Polyacrylic Acid
Acrylic Resin Gel
Carbomer Gel
Polyacrylate Gel
Thickening Agent
Gelling Agent
Hydrogel
Viscosity Enhancer
Topical Gel Matrix
Water-Swelling Polymer
Transparent Gel
Emulsion Stabilizer
Suspension Agent
Oral Suspension Thickener
Emulsifying Gel
Emollient Gel
Ointment Base
Gel-Forming Polymer
Pharmaceutical Excipient
Cosmetic Binder
Film-Forming Agent
Carbopol 971P
Carbopol 1382
Carbopol 941
Carbopol 934
Carbopol 980 NF
Carbomer 961
Carbomer 1342
Carbomer 2020 NF
Acrylic Acid Copolymer
Cross-Linked Acrylic Polymer
Acrylate Gel
Water-Swellable Polymer
Clear Gel
Emulsion Stabilizing Agent
Thickening Polymer
Gel-Forming Material
Hydrophilic Polymer
High-Viscosity Polymer
Pharmaceutical Thickener
Cosmetic Thickening Agent
Polyacrylic Acid Copolymer
Cross-Linked Polymeric Gel
Film-Forming Polymer
Carbomer Homopolymer Type B
Rheology Modifier
CARBOMER 980
Carbomer 980 is a type of acrylic acid polymer that can absorb and retain large amounts of water, thereby forming a gel-like consistency.
Carbomer 980 is a white powder, crosslinked polyacrylic acid that is polymerized in a toxicologically-preferred cosolvent system.
Carbomer 980 can provide a smooth and appealing texture to products.

CAS Number: 139637-85-7
Molecular Formula: C8H8O2
Molecular Weight: 136.15
EINECS Number: 216-472-8

Carbomer 980, also known as Carbomer Homopolymer Type C, is a synthetic high-molecular-weight polymer used in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and personal care industries.
Carbomer 980 and similar carbomers are commonly used as thickening agents, gelling agents, and stabilizers in various formulations.

Carbomer 980 is an extremely efficient rheology modifier capable of providing high viscosity and forms sparkling clear gels or hydro-alcoholic gels and creams.
Its short flow, non-drip properties are ideal for applications such as clear gels, hydroalcholic gels, creams, and lotions.

Carbomer 980 are thickening agents that help control the viscosity and flow of cosmetic products.
They also help distribute and suspend insoluble solids into liquid, and prevent the oil and liquid parts of a solution from separating.
They have the ability to absorb and retain water, and can swell up to 1000 times their original volume when dispersed in water.

Generally, this class of ingredients is used in gel-like formulations because it forms a colloidal, mucilage-like consistency when mixed in water.
Carbomer 980 is known for its exceptional thickening capabilities.
Carbomer 980 can absorb and retain large amounts of water, transforming liquid solutions into gels with increased viscosity.

This property is crucial for achieving the desired texture and consistency in products like creams, gels, and lotions.
When dispersed in water or other suitable solvents, Carbomer 980 forms a gel-like structure.
This gelling property is vital for creating stable, visually appealing products that offer enhanced spreadability and application.

Carbomer 980 exhibits shear-thinning behavior, which means that its viscosity decreases under shear stress (like during application) and recovers when the stress is removed.
This behavior results in products that are easy to apply, spread smoothly, and maintain their thickness after application.
The ability of Carbomer 980 to suspend particles evenly within a liquid is advantageous in formulations where maintaining the uniform distribution of solid materials is important.

Carbomer 980 helps prevent settling and enhances the stability of products containing suspended particles.
Carbomer 980 is often used in formulations where transparency or clarity is desired.
When properly neutralized and hydrated, it can create transparent or translucent gels, making it suitable for products that need an aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Carbomer 980 can be used in formulations containing alcohol.
Carbomer 980's capable of forming gels even in the presence of alcohol, which is essential for products like hand sanitizers and other antiseptic gels.
The effectiveness of Carbomer 980 is influenced by pH.

Carbomer 980 typically works best within a pH range of about 5 to 10.
Adjusting the pH can impact the viscosity and stability of the gel formed.
Carbomer 980 is compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients.

This versatility allows formulators to create diverse products with different characteristics while utilizing the same thickening and gelling agent.
Carbomer 980 can be used in combination with other thickeners, polymers, or rheology modifiers to achieve specific properties or tailor the texture of the final product.
Proper hydration and mixing are crucial for incorporating Carbomer 980 into formulations.

Carbomer 980 requires adequate mixing to prevent the formation of clumps or lumps and to ensure uniform distribution within the product.
Carbomer 980, exists in two enantiomeric forms, (R)- and (S)-2-methylbutanoic acid.
Carbomer 980 is highly efficient in terms of thickening and stabilizing formulations.

Carbomer 980's versatile and compatible with a wide range of ingredients.
Carbomer 980 is supplied as a white powder that needs to be dispersed in water or a water-alcohol mixture to create a gel.

Carbomer 980 requires proper mixing and neutralization to achieve the desired viscosity and consistency.
Carbomer 980's viscosity and gel formation are influenced by pH. It tends to work best in formulations with a pH range of around 5 to 10.
When incorporating Carbomer 980 into formulations, it's important to hydrate and mix it properly to avoid the formation of clumps or lumps.

Typically, the powder is sprinkled into water or a water-alcohol mixture while stirring. The gel then forms as the polymer absorbs the liquid.
Carbomer 980, like other carbomers, is often neutralized with an alkaline agent (such as triethanolamine) to achieve the desired viscosity and gel structure.
The neutralization process can affect the performance and texture of the final product.

Carbomer 980 may be used in combination with other thickening agents or polymers to achieve specific texture and stability characteristics in formulations.
The use of Carbomer 980 can result in products with various textures, ranging from clear gels to opaque creams, depending on the formulation and other ingredients used.
Carbomer 980 is generally compatible with a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical ingredients.

Carbomer 980's important to conduct compatibility tests when formulating to ensure that it interacts well with other components.
Carbomer 980 is just one variant of carbomer polymers. There are other types such as Carbomer 940, Carbomer 941, etc., each with slightly different properties and applications.
When using Carbomer 980 or any other ingredient in cosmetic or pharmaceutical products, it's important to adhere to regulatory guidelines and ensure accurate labeling of ingredients according to relevant regulations.

Carbomer 980 is often chosen for formulations where transparency or clarity is desired.
When properly hydrated and neutralized, Carbomer 980 can create transparent or translucent gels, making it suitable for products that need a visually appealing appearance.
Carbomer gels, including those made with Carbomer 980, often exhibit shear-thinning behavior.

This means that their viscosity decreases under shear stress (like when the product is applied to the skin) and then recovers when the stress is removed.
This characteristic can lead to smoother application and better spreadability of products like creams and gels.
The appropriate dosage of Carbomer 980 can vary based on the desired viscosity and consistency of the final product.

Carbomer 980, higher concentrations generally result in thicker gels.
Manufacturers or suppliers typically provide recommended usage levels based on the type of product being formulated.
Proper formulation techniques, including mixing, neutralization, and proper storage conditions, contribute to the stability of products containing Carbomer 980.

Storage in high temperatures or exposure to extreme pH conditions could potentially impact the stability of the gel.
When using Carbomer 980 in formulations, it's important to consider the packaging of the final product.
Some dispensing mechanisms might need to accommodate the viscosity and flow properties of the gel or cream.

Carbomer 980 formulations can involve specific manufacturing processes to ensure proper dispersion and uniformity.
This might include using specialized mixing equipment and techniques.
Certain formulations or applications that involve proprietary uses of Carbomer 980 might be covered by patents.

Carbomer 980's advisable to conduct a patent search if you're working on a specialized application.
The choice of a particular carbomer type, including Carbomer 980, might depend on the specific needs of a formulation.
If challenges arise during the formulation process, reformulation might be necessary to achieve the desired product characteristics.

Carbomer 980 is used globally in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
Carbomer 980's utilized by formulators and manufacturers to create a wide range of consumer goods.
Carbomer 980 is highly regarded for its ability to modify the rheology (flow behavior) of formulations.

Carbomer 980 is particularly valuable in products where controlled viscosity, suspension of particles, and stability are important.
In addition to its thickening and gelling properties, Carbomer 980 is often used as a suspension agent.
Carbomer 980 can help evenly distribute solid particles within a liquid, preventing settling and maintaining a consistent appearance.

Carbomer 980 can be found in various hygiene products such as hand sanitizers and disinfecting gels.
Its ability to create clear and thick gels is advantageous in these products that require easy application and efficient coverage.
Carbomer 980 can be used to create gels with alcohol bases, which is particularly useful in products like hand sanitizers.

Carbomer 980 can contribute to the gel-like texture even when alcohol is a major component of the formulation.
Formulators can adjust the concentration of Carbomer 980 to achieve the desired viscosity, texture, and flow properties in their formulations.
This flexibility allows for customization of products to meet specific consumer preferences and needs.

The viscosity of Carbomer-based gels, including those made with Carbomer 980, can be affected by temperature changes.
Higher temperatures can lead to decreased viscosity, while lower temperatures can increase viscosity.
Understanding this behavior is important for formulating products that will be used in various environmental conditions.

Manufacturers and formulators need to maintain consistent quality when working with Carbomer 980.
This includes proper mixing procedures, accurate neutralization, and adherence to recommended usage levels to ensure that the final product meets desired specifications.
When using Carbomer 980 in formulations, it's crucial to consider regulatory requirements and restrictions in different regions or countries.

The development of new formulations and applications involving Carbomer 980 is an ongoing process.
Researchers and formulators continuously explore innovative ways to utilize its properties in different products.

Uses
Carbomer 980 is a slightly volatile, colorless liquid with a pungent cheesy odor.
The smell differs significantly between the two enantiomeric forms.
Carbomer 980 has a pleasantly sweet, fruity odor while (R)-2-methylbutanoic acid has a pervasive, cheesy, sweaty odor.

Carbomer 980 is often used as a thickening agent in topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, including gels, creams, lotions, and ointments.
Carbomer 980 can be found in products like hair styling gels, hand sanitizers, shower gels, shampoos, and body washes to provide viscosity and enhance the texture of the products.

Carbomer 980 can also be used in toothpaste formulations to control the viscosity and improve the consistency of the product.
Carbomer 980's sometimes used in eye gels and lubricants due to its ability to provide a clear and comfortable gel-like texture.
Carbomer 980 is used to thicken and stabilize water-based creams and lotions.

Carbomer 980 enhances the texture, spreadability, and feel of the product on the skin.
Carbomer 980's used to create clear or translucent gels in products like moisturizing gels, cooling gels, and soothing gels.
Carbomer 980 can be used to provide viscosity and stability to serums containing active ingredients.

Carbomer 980's a key ingredient in hair styling gels that offer hold and manageability.
Carbomer 980 can be used to thicken and stabilize hair care formulations, improving their texture and application.
Carbomer 980's utilized to control the viscosity of toothpaste formulations, contributing to their appearance and texture.

Carbomer 980 helps create the gel-like texture in hand sanitizers, improving their spreadability and coverage.
Carbomer 980's used in gels designed for intimate hygiene, providing a smooth and comfortable texture.
Carbomer 980 is employed to formulate topical medications like gels and ointments for various skin conditions.

Carbomer 980's used to create eye gels and lubricants for comfort and hydration.
Carbomer 980's used to formulate clear and stable sunscreen gels with smooth application.
Carbomer 980 contributes to the texture of after-sun gels that soothe and moisturize sun-exposed skin.

Carbomer 980 can also be used in products for animal care, such as veterinary ointments and gels.
Carbomer 980's utilized to create luxurious shower gels and body washes with appealing textures.
Carbomer 980 is used in hand and body creams to create rich and moisturizing textures that are easily absorbed by the skin.

Carbomer 980's used in anti-aging serums and creams to provide a smooth application and enhanced delivery of active ingredients.
Carbomer 980 can be found in foundation gels or liquid makeup formulations to improve texture and application.
Carbomer 980's used in tanning lotions and self-tanners to provide a smooth and even application for a natural-looking tan.

Carbomer 980 can be part of acne treatments like gels or spot treatments, helping to deliver active ingredients to affected areas.
Carbomer 980's used in intimate lubricants to provide a smooth and non-sticky texture for enhanced comfort.
Carbomer 980 is used in cooling gels for sore muscles, providing a soothing and easy-to-apply texture.

Carbomer 980's used in hydroalcoholic gels containing alcohol and water, such as sanitizing gels, to maintain the desired consistency.
Carbomer 980 is used in barrier creams to create a protective layer on the skin, aiding in moisture retention.
Carbomer 980's utilized in wound healing gels to provide a gel-like texture that facilitates the application and absorption of healing agents.

Carbomer 980 can be found in various cosmeceutical products that bridge the gap between cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Carbomer 980's used in products like tinted moisturizers, BB creams, and CC creams to create lightweight and easily spreadable formulations.

Carbomer 980 can be included in baby lotions and creams to provide gentle and comfortable textures for delicate skin.
Carbomer 980's used in aftershave balms and gels to soothe and moisturize skin after shaving.

Safety:
Carbomer 980 is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals when used as directed.
However, as with any chemical, proper handling, storage, and precautions are necessary.
Carbomer 980's essential to follow the recommended usage levels and guidelines provided by the manufacturer.

Carbomer 980, in its dry powder form, might cause irritation if it comes into direct contact with the skin or eyes.
However, once properly mixed into a formulation, its potential to cause irritation is reduced.
Carbomer 980's always important to follow proper handling and safety measures when working with any chemical ingredient.

Inhaling the fine powder of Carbomer 980 can potentially lead to respiratory irritation.
Carbomer 980's advisable to work in well-ventilated areas and wear appropriate protective equipment, such as a mask, when handling the dry powder.

Although allergic reactions to Carbomer 980 are rare, it's theoretically possible for some individuals to develop sensitivity or allergies to the ingredient.
Conducting patch tests and using the ingredient in products at appropriate concentrations can help minimize this risk.

Synonyms
2-Methylbutanoic acid
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID
116-53-0
DL-2-Methylbutyric acid
Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-
Ethylmethylacetic acid
Methylethylacetic acid
600-07-7
2-Methybutyric acid
Carbomer 934
Active valeric acid
Butyric acid, 2-methyl-
alpha-Methylbutyric acid
Valeric acid, active
2-methyl-butanoic acid
FEMA No. 2695
Butanoic acid, methyl-
alpha-methyl butyric Acid
NSC 7304
9007-16-3
2-Methylbutyric acid (VAN)
Carbopol 934
Carbopol 974P
(+/-)-2-Methylbutyric acid
2-Methylbutyric acid (natrual)
2-methyl-butyric acid
PX7ZNN5GXK
UNII-PX7ZNN5GXK
EINECS 204-145-2
EINECS 209-982-7
.alpha.-Methylbutyric acid
(1)-2-Methylbutyric acid
BRN 1098537
DL-2-Methyl-d3-butyricAcid
AI3-24202
DTXSID5021621
CHEBI:37070
(S)-(+)-2-MethylbutyricAcid-d3
2-METHYLBUTANOIC ACID (DL)
NSC-7304
EC 204-145-2
4-02-00-00889 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID301621
(R)-2-Methylbutyric Acid-d3
Methylbutyricacid
CAS-116-53-0
(+)-2-methylbutanoic acid
Carpolene
Texcryl
Arolon
Racryl
Tecpol
Solidokoll N
GC Conditioner
MFCD09029093
Ethylmethylacetate
cavity conditioner
Sokalan PAS
2-Ethylpropionate
G-Cure
2-Methyl Butyrate
carbomer-934
Pemulen TR-1
Pemulen TR-2
2-Methylbutanoicacid
Antiprex 461
Carbomer 910
Carbomer 934P
Carbopol 910
Carbopol 961
Carbopol 980
Haloflex 202
Haloflex 208
MFCD00002669
Arasorb 750
DL-2-Methylbutyrate
Carbomer 1342
Carbopol 1342
Good-rite K727
2-Ethylpropionic acid
Arasorb S 100F
D-2-Methyl Butyrate
D-2-Methylbutyricacid
Good-rite K-700
DL-2-Methy Butyrate
PAA20 cpd
PAA60 cpd
Colloids 119/50
DL-2-Methylbutyricacid
Neocryl A-1038
2 - methylbutyric acid
butane-2-carboxylic acid
rac-2-methylbutanoic acid
D-2-Methyl Butyric acid
DL-2-Methy Butyric acid
2-METHYLBUTYRICACID
Carbomer 934 [USAN]
Carbomer 940 [USAN]
Carbomer 941 [USAN]
Carbomer 934p [USAN]
(+/-)-2-Methylbutyrate
(+-)-2-methylbutyric acid
SCHEMBL49960
2-Methyl-Butyric Acid Anion
2-Methylbutyric acid, 98%
(RS)-2-methyl-butyric acid
MLS001055480
METHYL-2-BUTYRIC ACID
Carbomer 934 [USAN:NF]
CCRIS 3234
PAA170
CHEMBL1160012
NSC7304
(.+/-.)-2-Methylbutanoic acid
HMS2270O06
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID, DL-
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID [FCC]
2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID [FHFI]
Tox21_201807
Tox21_303584
LMFA01020072
2-Methylbutyric acid, >=98%, FG
Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, (+ -)
DL-.ALPHA.-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID
AKOS000121120
AKOS016843247
Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, (.+.)-
Butyric acid, 2-methyl- (6CI,8CI)
CS-W001942
LS-2915
NSC 106034
NSC 106035
NSC 106036
NSC 106037
NSC 112122
NSC 112123
NSC 114472
NSC 165257
SB47880
TB 1131
(+/-)-2-METHYL BUTYRIC ACID
(.+-.)-2-METHYLBUTYRIC ACID
NCGC00090971-01
NCGC00090971-02
NCGC00257513-01
NCGC00259356-01
2-Methylbutyric acid, analytical standard
AM802977
PD041098
SMR000112113
SY115833
BUTANOIC ACID, 2-METHYL-, (+)-
FT-0604458
FT-0605255
FT-0608333
FT-0671578
FT-0671579
M0181
EN300-27063
C18319
Q209433
J-509893
(+/-)-2-Methylbutyric acid, natural, >=98%, FG
F0001-0289
Z237374874
The viscosity of a neutralized 1.0 percent aqueous dispersion of Carbomer 1342 is between 9,500 and 26,500 centipoises

CARBON BLACK N330
DESCRIPTION:
CARBON BLACK N330 is a hard particle furnace grade reinforcing carbon black used for a range of applications in rubber industry
CARBON BLACK N330 is a fine black powder made from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons such as coal, oil, and natural gas.
So CARBON BLACK N330 is a common reinforcing filler used in the production of rubber products such as tires, conveyor belts, and hoses.

CAS NO: 1333-86-4
EINECS NO.: 215-609-9


CARBON BLACK N330 is using as a pigment in inks, paints, and plastics
Carbon Black N330 is a High Abrasion Furnace (HAF) grade features medium structure and medium surface area offers high resilience, easy processing and good tensile strength properties.
Carbon Black N330 is with good reinforcing properties, which can give the rubber good strength, tear resistance, abrasion resistance and elasticity.

The rolling loss (hysteresis loss) of the passenger tire using this product is only greater than N351 in the N300 series carbon black, which is smaller than other varieties, and has better dispersion and extrusion performance in the rubber compound.
Carbon Black N330 has High wear-resistant furnace black HAF.

Carbon Black N330 is carbon black.
Carbon Black N330 shows medium-high reinforcing and high modulus of elasticity with good processing ability.
Carbon Black N330 is applicable for wires & cables, industrial rubber, rubber shoes, rubber roller, rubber tube and conveyor belt.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON BLACK N330:
Iodine Adsorption Number 82 g/kg
Oil Absorption No. 102 cm³/100g
Tint Strength 104 %
Pour Density 376 kg/m³
Fine Content ≤8 %
Sieve Residue
No. 325 Mesh ≤300 ppm
No. 35 Mesh ≤10 ppm
Heating Loss ≤1.5 %
Iodine adsorption, g/kg 82 ± 6
Oil absorption number, cm3 /l00g 102 ± 6
Sieve residue 45 µm (No.325), % ≤ 0.05
Sieve residue 500 µm (No.35), % ≤ 0.001
Heating loss, % ≤ 1.0
Ash content, % ≤ 0.75
Pour density, kg/m³ 380 ± 25
Fines content, % ≤ 7
pH value 7 ÷ 10
Sulfur content, % ≤ 1.1
Individual pellet hardness (average of 20), g ≤ 55
Individual pellet hardness (max of 20), g ≤ 90
Toluene discoloration, % ≥ 85
BET surface area (NSA), m2 /g 78 ± 5
External surface area (STSA), m2 /g 75 ± 5
Tint strength 104 ± 5
Oil absorption number of compressed sample, cm3 /100g 88 ± 5
Appearance at 20 : ℃ Black GRANULAR
Odor: Odorless
Melting point: 500 ℃
Decomposition point or range: above 550 ℃
Solubility in water at 80 : Insoluble
Product code Carbon Black N330
Origin China
Manufacturer Cabot
Sensory Super fine powder
Color Black
Molecular mass (dvC) twelfth
Density (20 o C) 1.7 - 1.9 g / cm 3
Density of heap 20 - 550 kg / m 3
Solubility Insoluble in water
PH value > 7
Boiling point 3500 ° C (6332 ° F)

USES OF CARBON BLACK N330:
Black carbon N330 has a specific surface area of around 70-80 m²/g and a particle size of around 20-30 nm.
Most common grade Carbon black N330 is use as a reinforcing filler in rubber products, such as tires, conveyor belts, and hoses.

CARBON BLACK N330 helps to improve the mechanical properties of the rubber, such as its tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and durability.
CARBON BLACK N330 is using as a pigment in inks, coatings, and plastics.

High stiffness:
Compare to other types, N330 has a lower surface area and larger particle size, which makes it more suitable for use in applications that require high stiffness, such as industrial rubber goods and mechanical rubber goods.
CARBON BLACK N330 also has good conductivity and UV resistance, which make it useful in applications where these properties are important.

CARBON BLACK N330 is a kind of new process carbon black furnace process and high ware-resistant.
CARBON BLACK N330 is wet method pellet, easy to traffic , low pollution, apply to wide field.
Its specification is medium gain diameter, high D.B.P, wide range of general purpose application.


APPLICATIONS OF CARBON BLACK N330:
CARBON BLACK N330Is a substance that increases the durability of tires, an enhancer in rubber and footwear products.
CARBON BLACK N330 is Used as pigments in printing inks, paints, plastics, rubber, and footwear.
CARBON BLACK N330 is Used as a substance to increase the durability of rubber and plastic products.

CARBON BLACK N330 is Used in radar absorbent materials and in ink for laser printers and copiers.
CARBON BLACK N330 is Used to dye black recycled plastic beads, black dyeing plastic products, rubber shoe soles, ...
CARBON BLACK N330 is Mixing into fertilizer, dyeing fertilizer black







QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT CARBON BLACK N330:
WHAT IS CARBON BLACK N330?
As a matter of fact, the Carbon Black N330 is the end product of the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products like-
• Fcc tar
• Coal tar
• Ethylene cracking tar

By the same token, It is a form of para crystalline carbon that has high surface area to volume ratio, but lower than that of activated carbon.

WHAT ARE THE SUBTYPES OF CARBON BLACK N330?
The subtypes of the carbon black are (equally important):

• Acetylene black
• Channel black
• Furnace black
• Lamp black and
• Thermal black

WHAT IS THE USE OF CARBON BLACK N330?
Moreover, Carbon black is widely used as a model compound for diesel soot for diesel oxidation experiments, and also used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products.
Similarly, Carbon black N330 is used as a color pigment in plastics, paints and inks.

Carbon black N330 also offers very good abrasion resistance.
As well as, Carbon black N330 also provides good tear resistance and high tensile strength.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT CARBON BLACK N330:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product




CARBON DISULFIDE
Carbon disulfide is a highly volatile, flammable, clear, colorless, dense liquid that has many useful chemical and physical properties.
An industrially important chemical for over one hundred years, most carbon disulfide is now produced by reaction of hydrocarbon gas with sulfur in a process developed in the 1950s, although many small capacity plants still employ a retort or electric furnace route based on wood charcoal and sulfur.
Carbon disulfide is also used in manufacturing numerous organic sulfur compounds for a variety of applications including rubber vulcanization accelerators, flotation chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fungicides, and insecticides.

CAS Number: 75-15-0
EC Number: 200-843-6
Chemical Formula: CS2
Molar Mass: 76.13 g·mol−1

Carbon disulfide in its pure form is a colourless, volatile and in-flammable liquid with a sweet aromatic odour.
Carbon disulfide is a yellowish liquid with a disagreeable odour.

Carbon disulfide is used in large quantities as an industrial chemical for the production of viscose rayon fibres.
In this technological process, for every kilogram of viscose produced, about 20-30 g of carbon disulfide and 4-6 g of hydrogen sulfide are emitted.
Additional release of carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide takes place from coal gasification plants; data on the total emission from these plants are not available.

The ventilation discharge from viscose plants can reach several millions of m3 per hour, with a carbon disulfide content varying from 20 to 240 mg/m3, which represents a total emission of 15-40 tonnes of carbon disulfide daily.
Exposure to carbon disulfide is mostly confined to those engaged in technological processes in the viscose industry.
However, the general population living near viscose plants may also be exposed to carbon disulfide emissions.

For many years, carbon disulfide was manufactured by the reaction of charcoal with sulfur vapor at temperatures of 750– 1000C, but by the mid-twentieth century, especially in the United States, the process was superseded by the reaction of natural gas (principally methane) with sulfur.

Carbon disulfide is a clear colorless to light yellow volatile liquid with a strong disagreeable odor.
Carbon disulfide is flammable over a wide vapor/air concentration range(1%-50%).

Vapors are readily ignited; the heat of a common light bulb may suffice.
Insoluble in water and more dense (10.5 lb / gal) than water.
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane, in the manufacture of flotation agents and as a solvent.

Carbon disulfide is a highly toxic and flammable dangerous chemical compound.
Carbon disulfide releases during volcanic eruptions and marshes.
When coke reacts with Sulphur at high temperatures, Carbon disulfide produces carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is linear in the shaping compound and used as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent.
Carbon disulfide is also useful as a building block in organic chemistry.
Carbon disulfide displays aesthetic properties too.

Carbon disulfide has a strong disagreeable odor.
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46 degrees C.
Vapours are readily ignited and the heat of a common light bulb may be sufficient.

Carbon disulfide is insoluble in water and denser than water.
Carbon disulfide is also useful for the manufacturing of rayon and cellophane.

Carbon disulfide is a highly volatile, flammable, clear, colorless, dense liquid that has many useful chemical and physical properties.
An industrially important chemical for over one hundred years, most carbon disulfide is now produced by reaction of hydrocarbon gas with sulfur in a process developed in the 1950s, although many small capacity plants still employ a retort or electric furnace route based on wood charcoal and sulfur.

Modern plants achieve a 99.99% pure carbon disulfide product by means of fractional distillation.
Most of carbon disulfide produced worldwide goes into manufacturing viscose rayon and cellophane film.
Carbon disulfide is also used in manufacturing numerous organic sulfur compounds for a variety of applications including rubber vulcanization accelerators, flotation chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, fungicides, and insecticides.

The carbon disulfide process route to carbon tetrachloride was discontinued in the United States during 1991 because of environment pressures on the end product.
Carbon disulfide is very toxic, and the U.S. Government limits the 8-h time-weighted average exposure to 4 ppm maximum (12 mg/m3) in air.

Health and environmental concerns related to carbon disulfide have curtailed some uses, such as in grain fumigants and solvents.
Special precautions must be exercised in handling carbon disulfide because of Carbon disulfide toxicity, high volatility, wide flammability range, and low ignition temperature.

Carbon disulfide, also called carbon bisulfide, is a colorless, toxic, highly volatile, and flammable liquid chemical compound that is used not only in manufacturing and fumigation but also as an insecticide and solvent.
Carbon disulfide is extensively and rapidly absorbed via inhalation, oral, and dermal routes and is then distributed throughout the body.
Carbon disulfide has a lipophilic nature and reacts with a variety of nucleophilic important compounds in the body.

Central nervous system toxicity and peripheral neurotoxicity are considered as the most serious and common adverse effects of carbon disulfide in humans.
Carbon disulfide is classified as FDA pregnancy risk group B.
No clear evidence of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity has been reported in long-term studies with animals.

Carbon Disulfide is a versatile chemical intermediate that satisfies an array of needs in markets, ranging from agrochemicals to mining.
Carbon disulfide is derived from Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and provides optimal sulfur functionality within your formulation.

Carbon disulfide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Carbon disulfide is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Carbon disulfide, also known as CS2, belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal sulfides.
These are inorganic compounds containing a sulfur atom of an oxidation state of -2, in which the heaviest atom bonded to the oxygen belongs to the class of other non-metals.
Carbon disulfide is found, on average, in the highest concentration within kohlrabis and milk (cow).

Carbon disulfide has also been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as cabbages, garden onions (Allium cepa), and shiitakes (Lentinus edodes).
This could make carbon disulfide a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.

Carbon disulfide, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as crohn's disease, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, autism, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; carbon disulfide has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease.
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on Carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide, also spelled as carbon disulphide, is a neurotoxic colorless volatile liquid with the formula CS2.
Carbon disulfide is used frequently as a building block in organic chemistry as well as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent.

Carbon disulfide has an "ether-like" odor, but commercial samples are typically contaminated with foul-smelling impurities.
Carbon disulfide is of comparable toxicity to carbon monoxide.

Carbon disulfide is a colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.
Exposure can cause dizziness, poor sleep, headache, anxiety, anorexia, weight loss, and vision changes.
Carbon disulfide can harm the eyes, kidneys, blood, heart, liver, nerves, and skin.

Workers may be harmed by carbon disulfide.
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.

Carbon disulfide is an organosulfur compound and a volatile liquid with chemical name Carbon Disulfide.
Carbon disulfide is also called Carbon bisulfide or disulfidocarbon or methanedithione.

Carbon Disulfide is a solvent for sulfur, bromine, fats, rubber, phosphorus, asphalt, selenium, iodine, and resins.
Carbon disulfide has been widely used to purify single-walled carbon nanotubes and in the manufacturing of flotation agents.

Carbon disulfide is flammable, colorless to light yellow, poisonous, volatile liquid which has a strong disagreeable smell.
Carbon disulfide has a flash point value of -22°F and is Insoluble in water.
Carbon disulfide is denser than water, therefore, sinks in Carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is used in many industries.
Carbon disulfide used to make rubber, viscose rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride.

Carbon disulfide, also called Carbon Bisulfide, a colourless, toxic, highly volatile and flammable liquid chemical compound, large amounts of which are used in the manufacture of viscose rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride; smaller quantities are employed in solvent extraction processes or converted into other chemical products, particularly accelerators of the vulcanization of rubber or agents used in flotation processes for concentrating ores.
For many years carbon disulfide was manufactured by the reaction of charcoal with sulfur vapour at temperatures of 750°–1,000° C (1,400°–1,800° F), but, by the mid-20th century, that process had been superseded, especially in the United States, by one based on the reaction of natural gas (principally methane) with sulfur.

The use of carbon disulfide for extraction of fats, oils, and waxes has been largely discontinued in favour of other solvents that are less toxic and flammable.
The use of carbon disulfide in making rayon and cellophane depends upon Carbon disulfide reaction with cellulose and caustic soda to form colloidal solutions of cellulose xanthate, which can be extruded into a dilute solution of sulfuric acid, which coagulates the cellulose films or fibres and sets free the carbon disulfide.

Carbon disulfide is denser than water and only slightly soluble in Carbon disulfide.
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46.3° C (115.3° F) and freezing point -110.8° C (-169.2° F).
Carbon disulfide vapour, which is heavier than air, is ignited with extraordinary ease.

Carbon disulfide is made for commercial use by combining carbon and sulfur at very high temperatures.
Carbon disulfide has been an important industrial chemical since the 1800s because of Carbon disulfide many useful properties, including Carbon disulfide ability to solubilise fats, rubbers, phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements.

Carbon disulfide fat-solvent properties also make Carbon disulfide indispensable in preparing fats, lacquers, and camphor; in refining petroleum jelly and paraffin; and in extracting oil from bones, palmstones, olives, and rags.
Carbon disulfide was also used in processing India rubber sap from tropical trees.
In all these extraction processes, Carbon disulfide has now been replaced by other solvents.

Carbon disulfide's most important industrial use has been in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon (by the viscose process) and cellophane.
Another principal industrial use for carbon disulfide has been as a feedstock for carbon tetrachloride production.
Carbon disulfide has also been used to protect fresh fruit from insects and fungus during shipping, in adhesives for food packaging, and in the solvent extraction of growth inhibitors.

Carbon disulfide has been highly suitable for other industrial applications including the vulcanisation and manufacture of rubber and rubber accessories; the production of resins, xanthates, thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and flotation agents; solvent and spinning-solution applications, primarily in the manufacture of rayon and polymerisation inhibition of vinyl chloride; conversion and processing of hydrocarbons; petroleum-well cleaning; brightening of precious metals in electroplating; rust removal from metals; and removal and recovery of metals and other elements from waste water and other media.
In agriculture, carbon disulfide has been widely used as a fumigant to control insects in stored grain, and to remove botfly larva infestations from the stomachs of horses and ectoparasites from swine.
Use of carbon disulfide as a grain fumigant in the USA was voluntarily cancelled after 1985.

Some examples of workers at risk of being exposed to carbon disulfide include the following:
Factory workers who work where rubber is made or processed
Workers involved in cellophane production

Employees who work in factories where rayon fabric is made
Employees involved in the production of carbon tetrachloride

Significance:
The intrinsic sluggish kinetics of organodisulfides has hindered Carbon disulfide further application in large-scale energy storage.
In this work, we propose a unique redox mediator (carbon disulfide [CS2]) involving reversible C-S bond formation/breakage, which accelerates the reaction kinetics of organodisulfides by reducing about one-third of the energy barrier of sulfur–sulfur bond breakage.
The strategy described here supplies a perspective for enhancing the electrochemical behavior of organodisulfides and greatly facilitates the development of organodisulfides in large-scale energy storage applications.

Abstract:
Organodisulfides (RSSR) are a class of promising active materials for redox flow batteries (RFBs).
However, their sluggish kinetics and poor cyclic stability remain a formidable challenge.
Here, we propose Carbon disulfide as a unique redox mediator involving reversible C-S bond formation/breakage to facilitate the reduction reaction of organodisulfides in RFBs.

In the discharge of RSSR, Carbon disulfide interacts with the negatively charged RSSR-• to promote cleavage of the S-S bond by reducing about one-third of the energy barrier, forming RSCS2Li.
In the recharge, Carbon disulfide is unbonded from RSCS2Li while RSSR is regenerated.
Meanwhile, the redox mediator can also be inserted into the molecular structure of RSSR to form RSCS2SR/RSCS2CS2SR, and these new active materials with lower energy barriers can further accelerate the reaction kinetics of RSSR.

With Carbon disulfide, phenyl disulfide exhibits an exceptional rate capability and cyclability of 500 cycles.
An average energy efficiency of >90% is achieved.
This strategy provides a unique redox-mediating pathway involving C-S bond formation/breakage with the active species, which is different from those used in lithium-oxygen or other batteries.

Physical Description of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide appears as a clear colorless to light yellow volatile liquid with a strong disagreeable odor.
Boiling point 46° C.
Flash point -22°F.

Carbon disulfide is flammable over a wide vapor/air concentration range(1%-50%).
Vapors are readily ignited; the heat of a common light bulb may suffice.
Insoluble in water and more dense (10.5 lb / gal) than water.

Hence sinks in water.
Vapors are heavier than air.
Carbon disulfide used in the manufacture of rayon and cellophane, in the manufacture of flotation agents and as a solvent.

Occurrence, manufacture, properties of Carbon disulfide:
Small amounts of carbon disulfide are released by volcanic eruptions and marshes.
Carbon disulfide once was manufactured by combining carbon (or coke) and sulfur at 800–1000 °C.
C + 2S → CS2

A lower-temperature reaction, requiring only 600 °C, utilizes natural gas as the carbon source in the presence of silica gel or alumina catalysts:
2 CH4 + S8 → 2 CS2 + 4 H2S

The reaction is analogous to the combustion of methane.

Global production/consumption of carbon disulfide is approximately one million tonnes, with China consuming 49%, followed by India at 13%, mostly for the production of rayon fiber.
United States production in 2007 was 56,000 tonnes.

Occurrence in air of Carbon disulfide:
The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is emission from viscose plants, around which environmental pollution is especially great.
A scientific review of Soviet literature indicates values ranging from 0.01 to 0.21 mg/m3 around viscose plants.
A recent Austrian study reports that concentrations of 0.05 ppm (157 μg/m3) were often exceeded in the vicinity of viscose plants, even at a distance of several kilometres, and concentrations close to the plants could be 5-10 times higher.

The highest peak concentrations were between 3 and 6 mg/m3.
During soil treatment with a 50% carbon disulfide emulsion for fumigation, carbon disulfide concentration in the respiration zone was found to be as high as 0.03 mg/m3 on the first day.

This concentration decreases quickly, so that carbon disulfide is not detectable the next day.
Carbon disulfide present in air could be partially decomposed by light.

Oxidation leads tothe formation of carbonyl sulfide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
Carbonyl sulfide in particular causes an unpleasant odour.

Workplace concentrations of carbon disulfide have been found to range from less than 9 mg/m3 to peaks exceeding 6200 mg/m3.
As a result of various precautions taken over a period of time, average carbon disulfide concentrations have been reduced from about 250 mg/m3 in 1955-1965 to about 20-30 mg/m3.

Solvent of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is a solvent for phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, fats, resins, rubber, and asphalt.
Carbon disulfide has been used in the purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Reactions of Carbon disulfide:
Reacts with oxygen produces carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
CS2 + 3 O2 → CO2 + 2 SO2

Sodium sulfide undergoes a reaction to produce trithiocarbonate:
Na2S + CS2 → [Na+]2[CS32−]

Carbon tetrachloride is produced by chlorination of Carbon disulfide.
CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2

Carbon disulfide is highly flammable.

Carbon disulfide combustion affords sulfur dioxide according to this ideal stoichiometry:
CS2 + 3 O2 → CO2 + 2 SO2

With nucleophiles of Carbon disulfide:
Compared to the isoelectronic carbon dioxide, Carbon disulfide is a weaker electrophile.
While, however, reactions of nucleophiles with CO2 are highly reversible and products are only isolated with very strong nucleophiles, the reactions with Carbon disulfide are thermodynamically more favored allowing the formation of products with less reactive nucleophiles.

For example, amines afford dithiocarbamates:
2 R2NH + CS2 → [R2NH2+][R2NCS2−]

Xanthates form similarly from alkoxides:
RONa + CS2 → [Na+][ROCS2−]

This reaction is the basis of the manufacture of regenerated cellulose, the main ingredient of viscose, rayon and cellophane.
Both xanthates and the related thioxanthates (derived from treatment of Carbon disulfide with sodium thiolates) are used as flotation agents in mineral processing.

Carbon disulfide does not hydrolyze readily, although the process is catalyzed by an enzyme carbon disulfide hydrolase.

Reduction of Carbon disulfide:

Reduction of carbon disulfide with sodium affords sodium 1,3-dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate together with sodium trithiocarbonate:
4 Na + 4 CS2 → Na2C3S5 + Na2CS3

Chlorination of Carbon disulfide:

Chlorination of CS2 provides a route to carbon tetrachloride:
CS2 + 3 Cl2 → CCl4 + S2Cl2

This conversion proceeds via the intermediacy of thiophosgene, CSCl2.

Coordination chemistry of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is a ligand for many metal complexes, forming pi complexes.
One example is CpCo(η2-CS2)(PMe3).

Polymerization of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide polymerizes upon photolysis or under high pressure to give an insoluble material called car-sul or "Bridgman's black", named after the discoverer of the polymer, Percy Williams Bridgman.
Trithiocarbonate (-S-C(S)-S-) linkages comprise, in part, the backbone of the polymer, which is a semiconductor.

Clinical Laboratory Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide in urine (treated with a solution of sodium azide, iodine and potassium iodide) using Iodine-Azide Test; concentrations of less than 20 ppm carbon disulfide in air were not detectable.

The use of blood, exhaled air and urine as biological monitors of exposure to carbon disulfide was studied in England.
A metabolite of carbon disulfide, 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid was identified in urine through high performance liquid chromatography.

The head space analysis used was a sulfur specific detector to determine acid labile carbon-disulfide in blood.
End expired breath samples were obtained through forced exhalation and carbon disulfide was determined by a quadrupole mass spectrometer.

A general trend suggested increased uptake with increasing exposure.
Reproducibility was difficult to achieve.

Stability of Carbon disulfide:
Stable.
Extremely flammable.
Highly volatile.

Note low flash pointand very wide explosion limits.
Protect from heat, friction, shock, sunlight.

Reacts violently with fluorine, azide solutions, zinc d ust, liquid chlorine in the presence of iron.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, azides, aluminium, zinc,most common metals, nitrogen oxides, chlorine, fluorine, hypochlorites.

Reactivity Profile of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide has an extremely low autoignition temperature (125°C).
May ignite or even explode when heated.
The vapor or liquid has been known to ignite on contact with steam pipes, particularly if rusted.

Explosion hazard when exposed to flame, heat, sparks or friction.
Mixtures with lithium, sodium, potassium or dinitrogen tetraoxide may detonate when shocked.

Potentially explosive reaction with nitrogen oxide, chlorine, permanganic acid(strong oxidizing agents).
Vapor ignites in contact with aluminum powder or fluorine.

Reacts violently with azides, ethylamine ethylenediamine, ethylene imine.
Emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur when heated to decomposition.
Sodium amide forms toxic and flammable H2S gas with Carbon disulfide.

Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide boiling point is 46.24 degrees C and the melting point is −111.61 °C.
The impure carbon disulfide is usually useful for most industrial processes is a yellowish liquid with an unpleasant odor.

Carbon disulfide evaporates at room temperature, and the vapor is more than twice as heavy as air.
Carbon disulfide easily explodes in the air and also catches fire very easily.

Commercial carbon disulfide is made by combining carbon and sulphur at very high temperatures Carbon Disulphide is a solvent for sulfur, bromine, fats, rubber, phosphorus, asphalt, selenium, iodine, and resins.
Carbon disulfide has been widely in use to purify single-walled carbon nanotubes and in the manufacturing of flotation agents.

Carbon disulfide is flammable, colorless to light yellow, poisonous, volatile liquid which has a strong disagreeable smell.
Carbon disulfide has a flash point value of -22°F and is insoluble in water.
Carbon disulfide is denser than water, therefore, sinks in Carbon disulfide.

Physical Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide molecular weight is 76.14 g/mol.
Pure carbon disulfide occurs as a colorless liquid that is not very soluble in water; impure carbon disulfide is yellowish.

Carbon disulfide evaporates rapidly at room temperature and is flammable.
Pure carbon disulfide has a sweet, pleasant, chloroform-like odor, with an odor threshold of 0.05 mg/m3.

Commercial grades of carbon disulfide have a foul odor, smelling like rotten eggs
The vapor pressure for carbon disulfide is 352.6 mm Hg at 25 °C, and Carbon disulfide log octanol/water partitioncoefficient (log Kow) is 1.84 to 2.16.

Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid; ethereal odor when pure.
Technical grades have strong, foul, rotten, radish-like odor.
Leonardos et al. (1969) reported an odor threshold in air of 210 ppbv.

Pure carbon disulfide is a colourless liquid with a pleasant odour that is like the smell of chloroform.
The impure carbon disulfide that is usually used in most laboratory and industry processes is a colourless to faintly yellow liquid with a strong, disagreeable cabbage-like odour detectable at 0.016 to 0.42 ppm.
Carbon disulfide is highly refractive.

Slightly soluble in water.
Carbon disulfide is miscible with anhydrous methanol, ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and oils.

Chemical properties of Carbon disulfide:
Very highly flammable, very low flash point.
Carbon disulfide easily forms explosive mixtures with air and catches fire very easily; Carbon disulfide is dangerous when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or friction.
Vapours can be ignited by contact with an ordinary light bulb.

Carbon disulfide is incompatible or reactive with strong oxidisers; chemically active metals such as sodium, potassium and zinc; azides; rust; halogens; and amines.
When exposed to heat or flame, carbon disulfide reacts violently with chlorine, azides, ethylamine diamine, ethylene imine, fluorine, nitric oxide, and zinc.
When heated to decomposition, Carbon disulfide emits highly toxic fumes of sulfur oxide; Carbon disulfide can react vigorously with oxidising materials.

Carbon disulfide pure form is a colorless liquid that evaporates readily at room temperature, with a sweet aromatic odor similar to that of chloroform.
In Carbon disulfide impure commercial and reagent form, however, carbon disulfide is a yellowish liquid with a foulsmelling odor.
Carbon disulfide can be detected by odor at about 1 ppm but the sense of smell fatigues rapidly and, therefore, odor does not serve as a good warning property.

Carbon disulfide has a vapor pressure of 297mmHg and solubility in water by weight of 0.3% at 20 °C (68 °F).
Once carbon disulfide is in the air Carbon disulfide will break down into simpler substances within a few days after release

Purification Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Shake Carbon disulfide for 3hours with three portions of KMnO4 solution (5g/L), twice for 6hours with mercury (to remove sulfide impurities) until no further darkening of the interface occurs, and finally with a solution of HgSO4 (2.5g/L) or cold, saturated HgCl2.
Dry Carbon disulfide with CaCl2, MgSO4, or CaH2 (with further drying by refluxing over P2O5), followed by fractional distillation in diffuse light.

Alkali metals cannot be used as drying agents.
Carbon disulfide has also been purified by standing with bromine (0.5mL/L) for 3-4hours, shaking rapidly with KOH solution, then copper turnings (to remove unreacted bromine), and drying with CaCl2.

Carbon disulfide is highly TOXIC and highly FLAMMABLE.
Work in a good fumehood.

Small quantities of Carbon disulfide have been purified (including removal of hydrocarbons) by mechanical agitation of a 45-50g sample with a solution of 130g of sodium sulfide in 150mL of H2O for 24hours at 35-40o.
The aqueous sodium thiocarbonate solution is separated from unreacted Carbon disulfide, then precipitated with 140g of copper sulfate in 350g of water, with cooling.

After filtering off the copper thiocarbonate, Carbon disulfide is decomposed by passing steam into Carbon disulfide.
The distillate is separated from H2O and distilled from P2O5.

Manufacture of Carbon disulfide:
Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of Carbon disulfide.

Applications of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon Disulfide is an effective solvent for oils, waxes, sulfur and many organic compounds.
Carbon disulfide is a main building block in the production of agricultural chemicals including some of the fungicides and soil fumigants that allow farmers to increase yields.

Carbon disulfide is also used to produce industrial chemicals like xanthates used in mining and rayon used in clothing.
Carbon disulfide is also consumed in the production of a variety of pharmaceuticals.

Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon, cellophane, soil disinfectants, and electronicvacuum tubes.
Other major uses are in theproduction of carbon tetrachloride, xanthates,thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and rubberaccessories.

Carbon disulfide is also used as a solvent and asan eluant for organics adsorbed on charcoalin air analysis.
Carbon disulfide is used as a raw material in the production of such things as rayon, cellophane, semiconductors, and carbon tetrachloride, and to make some pesticides.

Carbon disulfide is used as an industrial solvent and chemical intermediate to dissolve rubber to produce tires, as well as in grain fumigation, analytical chemistry research, degreasing, dry cleaning, and oil extraction.
Natural sources of carbon disulfide include the open ocean, coastal areas of high biological activity, microbial reduction of sulfates in soil, marshlands, and some higher plants where the source of carbon disulfide is the tree roots.

Previously, carbon disulfide was used as a pesticide, where Carbon disulfide was typically mixed with carbon tetrachloride in a 20/80 mixture, respectively.
This mixture was used to exterminate insects and rodents from entire boxcars of wheat, corn, rye, and other grains.

Grain fumigators can be acutely intoxicated and may be chronically exposed to carbon disulfide.
Therefore, in the late 1980s, all pesticides containing carbon disulfide as an active ingredient were cancelled by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

In the manufacture of rayon, carbon tetrachloride, xanthogenates, soil disinfectants, electronic vacuum tubes.
Solvent for phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, iodine, fats, resins, rubbers.

Carbon disulfide is used predominantly in the manufacture of rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride.
Carbon disulfide is also used to produce rubber chemicals and pesticides.

Carbon disulfide is used to manufacture rayon.
Carbon disulfide was used as a grain fumigant.

In the production of viscous rayon, heavy occupational exposures may occur during the opening of spinning machines and while cutting and drying.
Also used to produce other chemicals, to manufacture electronic vacuum tubes, and as a solvent for resins, fats, oils, waxes, and other chemicals; Also used in metal cleaning and plating, in instant color photography, in corrosion inhibitors, in veterinary anthelmintic drugs, and to fumigate spaces and materials.

The principal industrial uses of carbon disulfide, consuming 75% of the annual production, are the manufacture of viscose rayon and cellophane film.

Carbon disulfide is also a valued intermediate in chemical synthesis of carbon tetrachloride.
Carbon disulfide is widely used in the synthesis of organosulfur compounds such as metam sodium, xanthates and dithiocarbamates, which are used in extractive metallurgy and rubber chemistry.
Carbon Disulfide is used in the production of carbon tetrachloride.

Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used as preparing soil disinfectants.
Carbon disulfide is used in the manufacturing of rayon.

Carbon disulfide is used as a solvent for iodine, phosphorous, etc.
Carbon disulfide is used to manufacture electronic vacuum tubes.

Carbon disulfide is used as a solvent in rubber making industries.
Carbon disulfide is used in camphor.

Carbon disulfide is used in generating petroleum catalysts.
Carbon disulfide is used as pesticide intermediate.

Widespread uses by professional workers of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Carbon disulfide is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
Other release to the environment of Carbon disulfide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Uses at industrial sites of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: polymers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and plant protection products.
Carbon disulfide has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Carbon disulfide is used in the following areas: scientific research and development.
Carbon disulfide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and textile, leather or fur.

Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Other release to the environment of Carbon disulfide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Industry Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Fuels and fuel additives
Functional fluids (closed systems)
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production

Consumer Uses of Carbon disulfide:
Fuels and related products.

Niche uses of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide can be used in fumigation of airtight storage warehouses, airtight flat storages, bins, grain elevators, railroad box cars, shipholds, barges and cereal mills.
Carbon disulfide is also used as an insecticide for the fumigation of grains, nursery stock, in fresh fruit conservation and as a soil disinfectant against insects and nematodes.

Methods of Manufacturing of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is commercially manufactured by the reaction of sulfur with charcoal or methane.
Ethane, propane, and propene have been used to a limited extent.

Since the methane process was first introduced in the early 1950s, Carbon disulfide has steadily supplanted the older charcoal process, which is no longer a factor in carbon disulfide manufacture in the United States, Europe, and Japan.
In areas where natural gas or methane is not readily available or when plant size is relatively small, the charcoal process still supplies local viscose rayon requirements.

Charcoal-Sulfur Process:
Sulfur vapor reacts with charcoal at temperatures of 750-900 °C to form carbon disulfide.
Sulfur vapor is an equilibrium mixture of several molecular species, including S8, S6, and S2.

The equilibrium shifts toward S2 at higher temperatures and lower pressures.
The overall reaction is endothermic and theoretically consumes 1950 kJ/kg (466 kcal/kg) of carbon disulfide when the reactants are at 25 °C and the products are at 750 °C.
Most of the heat input goes into dissociation of sulfur vapor to the reactive species, S2.

Hydrocarbon-Sulfur Process:
The principal commercial hydrocarbon is methane from natural gas, although ethane, and olefins such as propylene have also been used.

Methane reacts with sulfur essentially without side reactions.
At 400-700 °C, equilibrium exceeds 99.9%.
About 5-10% excess sulfur is usually maintained in the reaction mixture to promote high methane conversion and to minimize by-product yield.

General Manufacturing Information of Carbon disulfide:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Mining (except oil and gas) and support activities
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities
Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
Services
Wholesale and retail trade

Handling and Storage of Carbon disulfide:

Nonfire Spill Response of Carbon disulfide:
Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
All equipment used when handling Carbon disulfide must be grounded.

Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
Stop leak if you can do Carbon disulfide without risk.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL:
Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.
Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Formulation or re-packing of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals.
Release to the environment of Carbon disulfide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.

Safe Storage of Carbon disulfide:
Separated from oxidants and food and feedstuffs.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Storage Conditions of Carbon disulfide:
Must be stored in airtight drums, handled with precautions, & in summer kept in shade and sprayed with water to prevent pressure developing.
Large quantitie must be stored under water.

Should be kept away from heat, sparks, and flames, and adequate ventilation should be provided.
Storage and handling equipment are generally of conventional carbon steel construction.
All parts of a system, incl piping, valves, and movable containers, must be earth-ground and firmly bonded by good electrical conductors to eliminate the possibility of static charge build-up and spark discharge.

Health effects of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide has been linked to both acute and chronic forms of poisoning, with a diverse range of symptoms.
Concentrations of 500–3000 mg/m3 cause acute and subacute poisoning.

These include a set of mostly neurological and psychiatric symptoms, called encephalopathia sulfocarbonica.
Symptoms include acute psychosis (manic delirium, hallucinations), paranoic ideas, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal and sexual disorders, polyneuritis, myopathy, and mood changes (including irritability and anger).

Effects observed at lower concentrations include neurological problems (encephalopathy, psychomotor and psychological disturbances, polyneuritis, abnormalities in nerve conduction), vision problems (burning eyes, abnormal light reactions, increased ophthalmic pressure), heart problems (increased deaths for heart disease, angina pectoris, high blood pressure), and reproductive problems (increased miscarriages, immobile or deformed sperm), and decreased immune response.
Occupational exposure to carbon disulfide is also associated with cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke.

In 2000, the WHO believed that health harms were unlikely at levels below 100 μg/m3, and set this as a guideline level.
Carbon sulfide can be smelled at levels above 200 μg/m3, and the WHO recommended a sensory guideline of below 20 μg/m3.

Exposure to carbon disulfide is well-established to be harmful to health in concentrations at or above 30 mg/m3 Changes in the function of the central nervous system have been observed at concentrations of 20–25 mg/m3.
There are also reports of harms to health at 10 mg/m3, for exposures of 10–15 years, but the lack of good data on past exposure levels make the association of these harms with concentrations of 10 mg/m3 findings uncertain.
The measured concentration of 10 mg/m3 may be equivalent to a concentration in the general environment of 1 mg/m3.

Environmental sources of Carbon disulfide:
The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is rayon factories.
Most global carbon disulfide emissions come from rayon production, as of 2008.

Other sources include the production of cellophane, carbon tetrachloride, carbon black, and sulfur recovery.
Carbon disulfide production also emits carbon disulfide.

As of 2004, about 250 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of rayon produced.
About 30 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of carbon black produced.
About 0.341 g of carbon disufide is emitted per kilogram of sulfur recovered.

Japan has reduced carbon disulfide emissions per kilogram of rayon produced, but in other rayon-producing countries, including China, emissions are assumed to be uncontrolled (based on global modelling and large-scale free-air concentration measurements).
Rayon production is steady or decreasing except in China, where Carbon disulfide is increasing, as of 2004.

Carbon black production in Japan and Korea uses incinerators to destroy about 99% of the carbon disulfide that would otherwise be emitted.
When used as a solvent, Japanese emissions are about 40% of the carbon disulfide used; elsewhere, the average is about 80%.

Most rayon production uses carbon sulfide.
One exception is rayon made using the lyocell process, which uses a different solvent; as of 2018 the lyocell process is not widely used, because Carbon disulfide is more expensive than the viscose process.
Cuprammonium rayon also does not use carbon disulfide.

Historic and current exposure of Carbon disulfide:
Industrial workers working with carbon disulfide are at high risk.
Emissions may also harm the health of people living near rayon plants.

Concerns about carbon disulfide exposure have a long history.
Around 1900, carbon disulfide came to be widely used in the production of vulcanized rubber.
The psychosis produced by high exposures was immediately apparent (Carbon disulfide has been reported with 6 months of exposure).

Sir Thomas Oliver told a story about a rubber factory that put bars on Carbon disulfide windows so that the workers would not jump out to their deaths.
Carbon disulfide's use in the US as a heavier-than-air burrow poison for Richardson's ground squirrel also lead to reports of psychosis.
No systematic medical study of the issue was published, and knowledge was not transferred to the rayon industry.

The first large epidemiological study of rayon workers was done in the US in the late 1930s, and found fairly severe effects in 30% of the workers.
Data on increased risks of heart attacks and strokes came out in the 1960s.

Courtaulds, a major rayon manufacturer, worked hard to prevent publication of this data in the UK.
Average concentrations in sampled rayon plants were reduced from about 250 mg/m3 in 1955-1965 to about 20–30 mg/m3 in the 1980s.
Rayon production has since largely moved to the developing world, especially China, Indonesia and India.

Rates of disability in modern factories are unknown, as of 2016.
Current manufacturers using the viscose process do not provide any information on harm to their workers.

History of Carbon disulfide:
In 1796, the German chemist Wilhelm August Lampadius (1772–1842) first prepared carbon disulfide by heating pyrite with moist charcoal.
He called Carbon disulfide "liquid sulfur" (flüssig Schwefel).

The composition of carbon disulfide was finally determined in 1813 by the team of the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848) and the Swiss-British chemist Alexander Marcet (1770–1822).
Their analysis was consistent with an empirical formula of CS

First Aid of Carbon disulfide:

Warning:
Effects may be delayed.
Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Carbon Disulfide Exposure:
Acute exposure to carbon disulfide primarily affects the central nervous system producing signs and symptoms that may include headache, dizziness, difficulty swallowing, nervousness, tremors, mental depression, delirium, psychosis, convulsions, paralysis, and coma.
Nausea, vomiting, cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes), hypothermia (low body temperature), and peripheral vascular collapse may also occur.

Respiratory effects include coughing, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and respiratory failure.
Carbon disulfide is a strong skin irritant; dermal exposure may result in severe burns.

Eye exposure may cause degeneration of the retina and optic nerve.
Pupils may be dilated.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures:
Acute exposure to carbon disulfide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.
Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.

Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.
Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air.
Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to carbon disulfide.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure.
Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to carbon disulfide.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas three times.
Wash initially with soap and water follow with an alcohol wash, then wash again with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. Give the victims water or milk: Children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).
Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.
Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.
Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. Transport to a health care facility.

Fire Fighting of Carbon disulfide:
If the vapor concentration exceeds 2 percent by volume or is unknown, self-contained breathing mask with full face should be used by all persons entering contaminated area.
Wear special protective clothing.
Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide or other inert gas.
Cooling and blanketing with water spray is effective in case of fires in metal containers or tanks to help prevent reignition by hot surfaces.
Foam is ineffective.

Isolation and Evacuation of Carbon disulfide:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL:
Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Spillage Disposal of Carbon disulfide:

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection:
Complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.
Remove all ignition sources.

Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.
Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Do NOT wash away into sewer.

Cleanup Methods of Carbon disulfide:

1. Remove all ignition sources.

2. Ventilate area of spill or leak.

3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels.
Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood).

Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork.
Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials.

Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.
Carbon disulfide should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion.

Environmental considerations:

Land spill:
Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.
If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner.

Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.
Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.
Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.

Environmental considerations:

Water spill:
Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.
Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Disposal Methods of Carbon disulfide:
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P022, D003, and F005, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations.
Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria.

Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur.
Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal.

Identifiers of Carbon disulfide:
CAS Number: 75-15-0
ChEBI: CHEBI:23012
ChemSpider: 6108
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.767
EC Number: 200-843-6
KEGG: C19033
PubChem CID: 6348
RTECS number: FF6650000
UNII: S54S8B99E8
UN number: 1131
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID6023947
InChI:
InChI=1S/CS2/c2-1-3
Key: QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/CS2/c2-1-3
Key: QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYAS
SMILES: S=C=S

Properties of Carbon disulfide:
Chemical formula: CS2
Molar mass: 76.13 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Impure: light-yellow
Odor:
Chloroform (pure)
Foul (commercial)
Density:
1.539 g/cm3 (−186°C)
1.2927 g/cm3 (0 °C)
1.266 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Melting point: −111.61 °C (−168.90 °F; 161.54 K)
Boiling point: 46.24 °C (115.23 °F; 319.39 K)
Solubility in water:
2.58 g/L (0 °C)
2.39 g/L (10 °C)
2.17 g/L (20 °C)
0.14 g/L (50 °C)
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, oil, CHCl3, CCl4
Solubility in formic acid: 4.66 g/100 g
Solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide: 45 g/100 g (20.3 °C)
Vapor pressure:
48.1 kPa (25 °C)
82.4 kPa (40 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −42.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.627
Viscosity:
0.436 cP (0 °C)
0.363 cP (20 °C)

Molecular Weight: 76.15
XLogP3-AA: 2.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 75.94414235
Monoisotopic Mass: 75.94414235
Topological Polar Surface Area: 64.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count : 3
Complexity: 18.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: No

Specifications of Carbon disulfide:
Appearance: colourless or yellowish liquid
Assay (GC): ≥ 99.9 %
Water: ≤ 0.01 %
Density (d 20 °C/20 °C): ~1.26
Boiling point: 46 - 47 °C
Identity (IR): passes test
Colour number (Hazen): ≤ 10
Sulphate (SO₄): ≤ 0.0002 %
Sulfite (as SO₂): ≤ 0.00025 %
Sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compounds (as S): ≤ 0.0001 %
Benzene (GC): ≤ 0.002 %
Evaporation residue: ≤ 0.001 %

Structure of Carbon disulfide:
Molecular shape: Linear
Dipole moment: 0 D (20 °C)

Thermochemistry of Carbon disulfide:
Heat capacity (C): 75.73 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (So298):v151 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): 88.7 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚): 64.4 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): 1687.2 kJ/mol

Related compounds of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon dioxide
Carbonyl sulfide
Carbon diselenide

Names of Carbon disulfide:

CAS names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide

Trade names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon bisulfide
Carbon bisulphide
carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide (8CI, 9CI)
Carbon disulphide
carbon disulphide
Carbon sulfide (CS2)
disiarczek węgla
Dithiocarbonic anhydride
dwusiarczek węgla
Schwefelkohlenstoff
schwefelkohlenstoff

IUPAC name of Carbon disulfide:
Methanedithione
Carbon Bisulphide
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon disulfide
carbon disulfide
Carbon Disulfide
carbon disulphide
Carbon disulphide
carbon disulphide
dithioxomethane
methanedithione
Methanedithione

Other names of Carbon disulfide:
Carbon bisulfide

Synonyms of Carbon disulfide:
CARBON DISULFIDE
Carbon disulphide
Carbon bisulfide
75-15-0
Dithiocarbonic anhydride
methanedithione
Carbon bisulphide
Schwefelkohlenstoff
Weeviltox
Wegla dwusiarczek
Solfuro di carbonio
CARBONDISULFIDE
Sulphocarbonic anhydride
RCRA waste number P022
disulfidocarbon
Carbon disulfide cation
Carbon bisulfuret
NCI-C04591
Alcohol of sulfur
UNII-S54S8B99E8
UN 1131
Sulfocarbonic anhydride
Carbon sulfide (CS2)
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent
CHEBI:23012
S54S8B99E8
Carbon disulfide solution, 5 M in THF
NCGC00091108-01
Carbondisulphide
DSSTox_CID_3947
DSSTox_RID_77238
DSSTox_GSID_23947
12539-80-9
Sulphuret of carbon
Caswell No. 162
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof)
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff)
Wegla dwusiarczek
CAS-75-15-0
Sulfure de carbone
Schwefelkohlenstoff
HSDB 52
Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent, >=99.9%
Solfuro di carbonio
CCRIS 5570
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Sulfure de carbone
EINECS 200-843-6
UN1131
RCRA waste no. P022
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 016401
BRN 1098293
Carbon disulfide, puriss., low in benzene, >=99.5% (GC)
Dithioxomethane
Kohlendisulfid
Carbon sulphide
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof) [Dutch]
AI3-08935
Koolstofdisulfide
carbon-disulphide
Weevil-Tox
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff) [German]
Dithioxomethane #
Carbon-disulphide-
Carbon disulfide, CP
Carbon disulphide, BSI
EC 200-843-6
4-03-00-00395 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
CHEMBL1365180
DTXSID6023947
Carbon disulfide, p.a., 99.5%
Tox21_111082
Tox21_201168
Carbon disulfide, anhydrous, >=99%
AKOS009075983
NCGC00091108-02
NCGC00258720-01
Carbon disulfide, for HPLC, >=99.9%
Carbondisulfide 100 microg/ml in Methanol
Carbon disulfide, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
Carbondisulfide 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
C1955
Carbon-12C disulfide, 99.9 atom % 12C
FT-0623475
Carbon disulfide 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
Carbon disulfide, puriss., >=99.5% (GC)
C19033
Carbon disulfide, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
Carbon disulfide [UN1131] [Flammable liquid]
Carbon disulfide, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Carbon disulfide, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
Q243354
Carbon disulfide, puriss. p.a., >=99.9% (GC)
Carbon disulfide, ReagentPlus(R), low benzene, >=99.9%
Carbon disulfide solution, 5000 mug/mL in methanol, analytical standard
Carbon disulfide, ReagentPlus(R), purified by redistillation, >=99.9%
Carbon disulfide solution, certified reference material, 5000 mug/mL in methanol
Carbon disulfide, for IR spectroscopy, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.9% (GC)
12122-00-8
200-843-6
4-03-00-00395
4-03-00-00395
75-15-0
Carbon bisulfide
Carbon bisulfuret
Carbon bisulphide
Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide, ion(1-)
Carbon disulphide
Carbone (sulfure de)
Carbonio (solfuro di)
Disulfide, Carbon
dithioxomethane
Kohlendisulfid (schwefelkohlenstoff)
Koolstofdisulfide (zwavelkoolstof)
Methandithion
methane, dithioxo-
Methanedithione
Méthanedithione
MFCD00011321
Schwefelkohlenstoff
Solfuro di carbonio
Sulfure de carbone
thiocarbonyl sulfur
Wegla dwusiarczek
Carbon disulfide - no shipment by air
Carbon disulfide cation
Carbon disulfide, ACS reagent
Carbon disulfidemissing
Carbon Disulphide, GlenDry, anhydrous
Carbon sulfide
Carbon sulphide
disulfidocarbon
dithiocarbonic anhydride
Methyl disulfide
Sulfocarbonic anhydride
Sulphocarbonic anhydride
Weeviltox
Carbon Disulfide
Calcium Sulfate; Plaster of Paris; Drierite; Gypsum cas no: 7778-18-9
CARBOPOL 974
CARBOPOL 974 is a hydrophilic colloidal solution, similar in properties to water-soluble natural gums.
CARBOPOL 974 is a clear, colorless, viscous stable solution.
CARBOPOL 974 in ceramic applications improves dry strength, dispersant action, and improved workability of the clays.

CAS Number: 9003-01-4
Molecular Formula: C5H10O2
Molecular Weight: 102.1317
EINECS Number: 618-347-7

Synonyms: ACRYLIC ACID, 2-Propenoic acid, 79-10-7, prop-2-enoic acid, Propenoic acid, Vinylformic acid, Acroleic acid, Ethylenecarboxylic acid, Propene acid, ACRYLATE, Propenoate, Glacial acrylic acid, 9003-01-4, Kyselina akrylova, Acrylic acid, glacial, RCRA waste number U008, Acide acrylique, Acido acrilio, Caswell No. 009A, Carbopol 934p, Viscalex HV 30, NSC 4765, CCRIS 737, Acrylic resin, HSDB 1421, UNII-J94PBK7X8S, EINECS 201-177-9, J94PBK7X8S, Carbopol 940, BRN 0635743, ACRLYLIC ACID, DTXSID0039229, CHEBI:18308, AI3-15717, NSC-4765, DTXCID8028, Aron, Antiprex A, Carbomer 940, Versicol E9, NSC4765, EC 201-177-9, Acrylic acid resin, Acrysol ase-75, C3:1n-1, Versicol E 7, Versicol E15, 4-02-00-01455 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acrysol A 1, Acrysol A 3, Acrysol A 5, Acrysol A-1, Acrysol AC 5, Carbopol 960, Carboset 515, Primal Ase 60, Revacryl A191, Versicol K 11, Versicol S 25, Dispex C40, Acrysol WS-24, Cyguard 266, Joncryl 678, Jurimer AC 10H, Jurimer AC 10P, Nalfloc 636, Good-rite K 37, Revacryl A 191, Junlon 110, Viscon 103, Good-rite K 702, Good-rite K 732, Good-rite WS 801, NCGC00166246-01, Synthemul 90-588, Aron A 10H, Carboset Resin No. 515, ACRYLIC ACID (IARC), ACRYLIC ACID [IARC], OLD 01, PA 11M, PAA-25, Carbopol, P 11H, P-11H, WS 24, Acido acrilio [Spanish], Acide acrylique [French], WS 801, Kyselina akrylova [Czech], R968, UN2218, RCRA waste no. U008, allenediol, Acrysol lmw-20X, XPA, Aqueous acrylic acid, 25987-55-7, Dow Latex 354, Ethene carboxylic acid, Acrylic acid, inhibited, CH2=CHCOOH, (stabilized with MEHQ), Carbomer 934 (NF), Carbomer 940 (NF), Carbomer 941 (NF), Carbopol 910 (TN), Carbopol 934 (TN), Carbopol 940 (TN), Carbopol 941 (TN), Carbomer 934P (NF), Carbopol 934P (TN), Carbomer 910 (USAN), ACRYLIC ACID [MI], Carbomer 1342 (NF), Carbopol 1342 (TN), ACRYLIC ACID [HSDB], WLN: QV1U1, average Mv ~450,000, 76050-42-5, UN 2218 (Salt/Mix), Acrylic acid, p.a., 99%, CHEMBL1213529, STR00040, Tox21_112372, LMFA01030193, MFCD00004367, NSC106034, NSC106035, NSC106036, NSC106037, NSC112122, NSC112123, NSC114472, NSC165257, NSC226569, STL281870, AKOS000118799, DB02579, NSC-106034, NSC-106035, NSC-106036, NSC-106037, NSC-112122, NSC-112123, NSC-114472, NSC-165257, NSC-226569, CAS-79-10-7, Poly(acrylic acid), 25% soln in water, BP-30259, 1ST001124, DB-220116, DB-251641, A0141, FT-0621875, FT-0621879, FT-0660730, NS00001146, EN300-17959, C00511, C19501, D03392, D03393, D03394, D03395, D03396, D03397, Acrylic Acid contains 200ppm MEHQ as inhibitor, Acrylic acid, inhibited [UN2218] [Corrosive], A830860, Q324628, Z57127944, F0001-2070, InChI=1/C3H4O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H,1H2,(H,4,5, Acrylic acid, anhydrous, contains 200 ppm MEHQ as inhibitor, 99%, Acrylic acid, SAJ first grade, >=97.0%, contains 190-210 ppm MEHQ as stabilizer, 1204391-75-2, 55927-87-2, 9063-87-0

CARBOPOL 974 is hygroscopic, brittle and colorless in nature with Tg at nearly 106oC.
At temperatures above 200 to 250oC, CARBOPOL 974 loses water and becomes an insoluble crosslinked polymer anhydride.
Solubility of dried CARBOPOL 974 in water increases with rise in temperatures.

Concentrated solutions of CARBOPOL 974 in water is thixotropic in nature.
CARBOPOL 974 applications include the modification of aqueous formulations for such end uses as cleaners, binders, adhesives, and emulsion paints.

The sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are effective thickeners and dispersants useful in both natural and synthetic latex systems.
CARBOPOL 974 is stable to hydrolysis and is not susceptible to bacterial degradation.

For a description of unrelated compounds expanded by twocarbon units, CARBOPOL 974 is generic name for synthetic high molecular weight polymers of acrylic acid.
They may be homopolymers of CARBOPOL 974, crosslinked with an allyl ether pentaerythritol, allyl ether of sucrose or allyl ether of propylene.
In a water solution at neutral pH, CARBOPOL 974 is an anionic polymer, i.e. many of the side chains of PAA will lose their protons and acquire a negative charge.

This makes PAAs polyelectrolytes, with the ability to absorb and retain water and swell to many times their original volume.
Dry CARBOPOL 974s are found in the market as white and fluffy powders.
CARBOPOL 974 are an indication of molecular weight and the specific components of the polymer.

For many applications CARBOPOL 974s are used in form of alkali metal or amonium salts e.g. sodium polyacrylate.
CARBOPOL 974s are synthetic, high-molecular-weight, crosslinked polymers of acrylic acid.
These acrylic acid polymers are crosslinked with allyl sucrose or allyl pentaerythritol.

The polymerization solvent used previously was benzene; however, some of the newer commercially available grades of carbomer are manufactured using either ethyl acetate or a cyclohexane–ethyl acetate cosolvent mixture.
The CARBOPOL 974 and Carbopol Ultrez polymers are produced in the cosolvent mixture with a proprietary polymerization aid.
CARBOPOL 974 polymer was introduced for use in oral and mucosal contact applications such as oral liquids, bioadhesive formulations, oral care formulations and extended release tablets.

Additionally, CARBOPOL 974 polymer can be used to formulate viscous gels, emulsions and suspensions.
CARBOPOL 974 is a highly crosslinked polymer and produces highly viscous gels with rheology similar to mayonnaise.
Drug release from extended release tablets is affected by differences in the rates of hydration and swelling of the polymer hydrogel, which are largely defined by the crosslinker levels.

Lightly crosslinked polymers, such as CARBOPOL 974 polymer, tend to be more efficient in controlling drug release than highly crosslinked polymers such as Carbopol 974P NF polymer.
CARBOPOL 974 is a highly carboxylated polymer composed of lightly cross-linked polyacrylic acid with a broad-spectrum mechanism based on acidification of pathogens.
CARBOPOL 974 was under development by ReProtect LLC.

CARBOPOL 974 is a gel that may help both block the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and reduce unwanted pregnancies.
CARBOPOL 974, known as BufferGel, was in advanced clinical trials for its ability to prevent pregnancy, but was discontinued.
CARBOPOL 974 polymer was introduced for use in oral and mucosal contact applications such as oral liquids, bioadhesive formulations, oral care formulations and extended release tablets.

Additionally, CARBOPOL 974 polymer can be used to formulate viscous gels, emulsions and suspensions.
CARBOPOL 974 crosslinked with ally sucrose or allyl pentaerythritol. Suspension and emulsion stabilizer.
CARBOPOL 974 taste masking agent extended release agent.

Thickener and rheology modifier.
CARBOPOL 974 recommended for Semisolids & gels, Solutions & suspensions, Solid orals.
Suitable for Topical, Ophthalmic , Oral care, Oral drug delivery applications.

CARBOPOL 974 a thermal analysis of the effect of hydration of non-aqueous polymer-stabilised gels was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
The interaction of water with the polymer and its distribution within the gel are critical to the physicochemical behaviour of the gel, and consequently affects the utility of the gel matrix as a drug delivery vehicle.
Addition of water at levels up to and including 50% (w/w) did not result in an observable freezing event in the thermogram.

However, at 60 and 80% (w/w) water, phase transitions were observed, the magnitude of which were found to be independent of the annealing time within the range used.
The observed melting enthalpies increased as the water concentration increased for all formulations, but were always smaller than that of pure water.
CARBOPOL 974 has the advantage of being able to disperse well in glycol or in formulas with little water.

Suitable for creating gels in formulas with low water content, containing glycol or other solvents that are not water.
CARBOPOL 974 is the main component of the formula.
CARBOPOL 974, also known as Carbomer 974, is a synthetic, high molecular weight cross-linked polymer of acrylic acid.

CARBOPOL 974 is commonly used as a thickening, suspending, and stabilizing agent in a variety of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
CARBOPOL 974 is valued for its ability to create gels and to provide a smooth, creamy texture to formulations.
CARBOPOL 974 is often found in topical creams, lotions, gels, and various personal care products.

CARBOPOL 974 is used to increase the viscosity of solutions and to create gel-like textures.
Helps stabilize emulsions, ensuring the even distribution of ingredients.
Prevents the settling of suspended particles in formulations.

CARBOPOL 974 enhances the adherence of topical formulations to skin or mucosal surfaces.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in pharmaceutical formulations to control the release of active ingredients.

Melting point: 95 °C
Boiling point: 116 °C
Density: 1.2 g/mL at 25 °C
Tg: 106
vapor pressure: 2.64-3.57hPa at 20-25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.442
Flash point: 100 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Swellable in water and glycerin and, after neutralization, in ethanol (95%). Carbomers do not dissolve but merely swell to a remarkable extent, since they are three-dimensionally crosslinked microgels.
form: Powder
color: White
PH: 2.5 -3.0 (1% water solution)
Viscosity: 250-500cp (25C)
Viscosity: 400-1,200cp (25C)
Viscosity: 500-1,500cp (25C)
Viscosity: 700cp (4% solution in water)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
LogP: 0.23-0.27 at 20℃ and pH3.59-3.63

CARBOPOL 974's polymer chains are cross-linked, meaning they form a network that can trap water molecules.
This network creates a thick, gel-like consistency when hydrated.
When mixed with water, CARBOPOL 974 swells and thickens the solution.

Neutralizing the solution (adjusting the pH) can further enhance its thickening properties.
Common neutralizers include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or triethanolamine.
The rheological (flow) properties of Carbopol 974 can be tailored to specific needs by adjusting the concentration and the degree of neutralization.

CARBOPOL 974 can create a wide range of viscosities, from liquid-like to solid-like gels.
CARBOPOL 974 can stabilize oil-in-water emulsions by increasing the viscosity of the aqueous phase, thereby preventing the coalescence of oil droplets.
This results in stable, homogeneous products.

In suspension formulations, Carbopol 974 helps keep solid particles evenly distributed by increasing the viscosity of the liquid medium.
In pharmaceutical applications, CARBOPOL 974 can be used to control the release rate of active ingredients.
This is particularly useful in creating sustained-release formulations, where the drug is released slowly over time, providing longer therapeutic effects and reducing dosing frequency.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in products like acne treatments, anti-inflammatory gels, and local anesthetics due to its ability to form clear, non-greasy gels that adhere well to the skin.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in oral gels for treating conditions like mouth ulcers, as it provides a soothing, protective layer over the mucous membranes.
Utilized in eye drops and gels to provide a lubricating effect and to ensure the active ingredient remains in contact with the eye surface for an extended period.

Enhances the texture and feel of facial moisturizers, making them smooth and easy to apply without being greasy.
Helps to evenly distribute and stabilize the active ingredients in sunscreens, ensuring consistent protection against UV rays.
Provides the necessary hold and texture in hair gels while ensuring a non-sticky finish.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in bathroom and kitchen cleaners to create thick, clingy gels that adhere to surfaces, allowing the cleaning agents to work more effectively.
Found in some laundry detergents and fabric softeners to improve their consistency and performance.
The viscosity of Carbopol 974 can vary significantly depending on the concentration and the degree of neutralization.

CARBOPOL 974 can range from a few thousand to several million centipoise (cP).
CARBOPOL 974 can produce clear or translucent gels, which are desirable in cosmetic and personal care products.
CARBOPOL 974 is stable under normal storage conditions.

However, CARBOPOL 974 should be kept in a dry place and protected from extreme temperatures and humidity.
CARBOPOL 974 is an anionic polymer that can be synthesized by the free radical polymerization of acrylic acid.
CARBOPOL 974 has a swelling nature that tends to absorb and retain the water.

Its high ion exchange capacity makes it useful in the formation of membranes.
The global demand on acrylic resin approached roughly US $ 14.5 billion in 2011.
With an annual growth rate of 4 - 5 % , the CARBOPOL 974 market is expected to reach US $ 16.6 billion by 2014 and US$22 billion by 2020.

CARBOPOL 974s are used in a wide range of applications for the outstanding chemical characteristics and unique aesthetic properties.
Currently, the strongest demand comes from automotive and medical device markets, and paints & coatings, adhesive & sealant and construction & architecture are the major application markets for acrylic resin.
CARBOPOL 974 is a general term for any one of the plastics (resin) generated through chemical reaction by applying polymerization initiator and heat to a monomer.

The chemical name for the resin produced from the methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA) is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
CARBOPOL 974 is a transparent and colorless fluid substance.
One of the main characteristic features of PMMA is its high transparency.

With its high weather resistance, CARBOPOL 974 has been known to last over 30 years, it does not easily turn yellow or crumble when exposed to sunlight.
CARBOPOL 974 is used not only for transparent windows in aquariums but also for various items such as signboards in places like convenience stores, taillights of automobiles, bathtub liners, sinks, cell phone display screens, backlight optical waveguides for liquid crystal displays (LCD) and so on.
CARBOPOL 974s are discolored by resorcinol and are incompatible with phenol, cationic polymers, strong acids, and high levels of electrolytes.

Certain antimicrobial adjuvants should also be avoided or used at low levels.
Trace levels of iron and other transition metals can catalytically degrade carbomer dispersions.
Certain amino-functional actives form complexes with carbomer; often this can be prevented by adjusting the pH of the dispersion and/or the solubility parameter by using appropriate alcohols and polyols.

CARBOPOL 974 also form pH-dependent complexes with certain polymeric excipients. Adjustment of pH and/or solubility parameter can also work in this situation.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in formulations for its ability to create clear, smooth, and stable gels.
Helps suspend active ingredients evenly.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in controlled release tablets and other dosage forms to modulate the release rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredients.
Provides a creamy, non-greasy feel.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in styling gels and other hair care products for its ability to hold hair styles.

Offers a smooth application and enhances skin feel.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in household cleaning products for thickening and stabilizing the gel formulations.
Small amounts can significantly increase the viscosity of formulations.

Provides excellent stability to emulsions and suspensions.
CARBOPOL 974 forms clear gels, which are aesthetically appealing for cosmetic applications.
Compatible with a wide range of active ingredients and excipients.

Must be properly hydrated and neutralized (usually with a base like sodium hydroxide or triethanolamine) to achieve the desired thickening and gelling properties.
Requires thorough mixing to ensure even dispersion and to avoid clumping.
CARBOPOL 974 adjusting the pH after hydration can help achieve optimal viscosity and clarity.

Generally considered safe when used in appropriate concentrations.
However, as with all chemicals, it should be handled with care to avoid inhalation or prolonged skin contact with the dry powder.
CARBOPOL 974 approved by various regulatory bodies for use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.

Commonly found in products like hand sanitizers, moisturizers, facial cleansers, sunscreens, and medicated gels.
Often marketed under the brand name Carbopol® by Lubrizol Corporation.

Storage:
CARBOPOL 974s are stable, hygroscopic materials that may be heated at temperatures below 1048℃ for up to 2 hours without affecting their thickening efficiency.
However, exposure to excessive temperatures can result in discoloration and reduced stability.
Complete decomposition occurs with heating for 30 minutes at 2608℃.

Dry powder forms of carbomer do not support the growth of molds and fungi.
In contrast, microorganisms grow well in unpreserved aqueous dispersions, and therefore an antimicrobial preservative such as 0.1% w/v chlorocresol, 0.18% w/v methylparaben–0.02% w/v propylparaben, or 0.1% w/v thimerosal should be added.
The addition of certain antimicrobials, such as benzalkonium chloride or sodium benzoate, in high concentrations (0.1% w/v) can cause cloudiness and a reduction in viscosity of carbomer dispersions.

Aqueous gels may be sterilized by autoclaving with minimal changes in viscosity or pH, provided care is taken to exclude oxygen from the system, or by gamma irradiation, although this technique may increase the viscosity of the formulation.
At room temperature, carbomer dispersions maintain their viscosity during storage for prolonged periods.
Similarly, dispersion viscosity is maintained, or only slightly reduced, at elevated storage temperatures if an antioxidant is included in the formulation or if the dispersion is stored protected from light.

Exposure to light causes oxidation that is reflected in a decrease in dispersion viscosity.
Stability to light may be improved by the addition of 0.05–0.1% w/v of a water-soluble UV absorber such as benzophenone-2 or benzophenone-4 in combination with 0.05–0.1% w/v edetic acid.

Carbomer powder should be stored in an airtight, corrosionresistant container and protected from moisture.
The use of glass, plastic, or resin-lined containers is recommended for the storage of formulations containing carbomer.

Uses:
CARBOPOL 974 is used in disposable diapers and in ion exchange resins.
CARBOPOL 974 is also used to study solute diffusion in polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylic acid copolymer hydrogel.
CARBOPOL 974 is also employed as a thickening, suspending, emulsifying and dispersing agent in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, adhesives and paints.

Further, CARBOPOL 974 is used for the preparation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-polyacrylic acid copolymer which responds to both temperature and pH stimuli.
In addition to this, it is used in preparing block copolymer of oligo (methyl methacrylate)/PAA for micellar delivery of hydrophobic drugs.
CARBOPOL 974 and its derivatives are used in disposable diapers,ion exchange resins and adhesives.

They are also popular as a thickening, dispersing, suspending and emulsifying agents in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and paints.
CARBOPOL 974 inactivates the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate.
CARBOPOL 974 are used in liquid or semisolid pharmaceutical formulations as rheology modifiers.

Formulations include creams, gels, lotions and ointments for use in ophthalmic, rectal, topical and vaginal preparations.
CARBOPOL 974 grades with residual benzene content greater than 2 ppm do not meet the specifications of the PhEur 6.4 monograph.
However, carbomer having low residuals of other solvents than the ICH-defined ‘Class I OVI solvents’ may be used in Europe.

CARBOPOL 974 having low residuals of ethyl acetate, such as Carbopol 971P NF or Carbopol 974P NF, may be used in oral preparations, in suspensions, capsules or tablets.
In tablet formulations, CARBOPOL 974 are used as controlled release agents and/or as binders. In contrast to linear polymers, higher viscosity does not result in slower drug release with carbomers.
Lightly crosslinked carbomers (lower viscosity) are generally more efficient in controlling drug release than highly crosslinked carbomers (higher viscosity).

In wet granulation processes, water, solvents or their mixtures can be used as the granulating fluid.
The tackiness of the wet mass may be reduced by including talc in the formulation or by adding certain cationic species to the granulating fluid.
However, the presence of cationic salts may accelerate drug release rates and reduce bioadhesive properties.

CARBOPOL 974 polymers have also been investigated in the preparation of sustained-release matrix beads, as enzyme inhibitors of intestinal proteases in peptide-containing dosage forms, as a bioadhesive for a cervical patch and for intranasally administered microspheres, in magnetic granules for site-specific drug delivery to the esophagus, and in oral mucoadhesive controlled drug delivery systems.
CARBOPOL 974 copolymers are also employed as emulsifying agents in the preparation of oil-in-water emulsions for external administration.
CARBOPOL 974 has been investigated as a viscosity-increasing aid in the preparation of multiple emulsion microspheres.

CARBOPOL 974 are also used in cosmetics.
Therapeutically, CARBOPOL 974 formulations have proved efficacious in improving symptoms of moderate-to-severe dry eye syndrome.
CARBOPOL 974 is used to create smooth, clear, and non-greasy gels.

Common in formulations for acne treatments, anti-inflammatory gels, local anesthetics, and pain relief gels.
Found in oral gels for mouth ulcers and gingivitis treatments.
Used in toothpaste to stabilize and provide a consistent texture.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in eye drops and ophthalmic gels to enhance viscosity and provide prolonged contact with the eye surface.
Incorporated in sustained-release tablets and other dosage forms to control the release rate of active ingredients.
Used as a matrix in patches to control the release of drugs through the skin.

Found in facial moisturizers, lotions, and serums for its ability to create a smooth, creamy texture.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in sunscreens to stabilize the formulation and ensure even distribution of UV filters.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in hair gels, styling products, and conditioners to provide hold and improve texture.

Included in facial and body cleansers for thickening and improving the product feel.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in foundations, mascaras, and other makeup products to provide consistency and improve application.
Used in bathroom and kitchen cleaners for thickening and improving the adherence to surfaces, enhancing cleaning efficiency.

Found in some laundry detergents and fabric softeners to improve viscosity and performance.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in formulations for paints, coatings, and adhesives to improve viscosity and stability.
Found in industrial lubricants to enhance performance and stability.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in agricultural sprays and treatments to improve the adherence and effectiveness of active ingredients.
Used in the preparation of hydrogels for wound care, providing a moist environment that promotes healing.
Found in lubricating gels for medical instruments and devices.

Although less common, Carbopol 974 can be used in food applications as a thickener and stabilizer.
Helps in the formulation of clear, non-greasy gels that deliver active ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid effectively.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in products containing ibuprofen or diclofenac to relieve pain and inflammation in conditions such as arthritis.

Incorporated into gels and creams for delivering anesthetics like lidocaine to provide localized pain relief.
Enhances the permeability of active ingredients through the skin, making it useful in transdermal patches.
Provides soothing and protective effects in treatments for mouth ulcers, gingivitis, and other oral conditions.

Acts as a thickening agent to provide the desired texture and consistency, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the paste.
Increases the viscosity of the solution, which helps to prolong contact time with the ocular surface, enhancing the efficacy of treatments for dry eyes or other conditions.
CARBOPOL 974 provides a longer-lasting lubricating effect for dry eye syndromes and post-surgical eye care.

CARBOPOL 974 is used in matrix systems that control the release rate of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, allowing for prolonged therapeutic effects and reducing dosing frequency.
Helps control the release rate of drugs through the skin, improving the efficacy and convenience of treatment.
Enhances the texture, providing a smooth, creamy feel that is easily absorbed by the skin without leaving a greasy residue.

Stabilizes the formulation, ensuring even distribution of UV filters, and improving the application and wear characteristics.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in serums and creams that deliver active ingredients like retinol or hyaluronic acid for skin rejuvenation.
Provides hold and texture, helping to style and maintain hair shapes.

Enhances the viscosity and consistency, making them easier to apply and distribute through the hair.
Thickens formulations, improving the application experience and providing a luxurious feel.
Enhances the viscosity, ensuring the product stays on the skin long enough to cleanse effectively.

CARBOPOL 974 improves the texture and stability, ensuring even application and long-lasting wear.
Enhances the consistency, helping to provide volume and length to lashes without clumping.
Creates thick, clingy gels that adhere to surfaces, allowing cleaning agents to work more effectively on grime and soap scum.

Enhances the effectiveness of cleaning agents on countertops and appliances.
Improves the viscosity, ensuring uniform distribution of cleaning agents.
Enhances the texture and stability, providing a smooth, consistent product.

Improves viscosity and stability, ensuring smooth application and uniform coverage.
Enhances the texture and performance, providing strong and consistent adhesion.
Stabilizes the formulation and improves the performance of lubricants used in machinery and equipment.

Improves the adherence of pesticides and fertilizers to plant surfaces, enhancing their effectiveness.
CARBOPOL 974 is used in hydrogels that provide a moist environment conducive to healing, often used in burn treatments and ulcer care.

Found in lubricating gels for catheters, endoscopes, and other medical instruments, ensuring smooth insertion and reducing friction.
Though less common, Carbopol 974 can be used in certain food applications as a thickener and stabilizer, particularly in processed foods and beverages where a stable, gel-like consistency is desired.

Safety Profile:
Carbomers are used extensively in nonparenteral products, particularly topical liquid and semisolid preparations.
Grades polymerized in ethyl acetate may also be used in oral formulations.
There is no evidence of systemic absorption of carbomer polymers following oral administration.

Acute oral toxicity studies in animals indicate that carbomer 934P has a low oral toxicity, with doses up to 8 g/kg being administered to dogs without fatalities occurring.
CARBOPOL 974 are generally regarded as essentially nontoxic and nonirritant materials; there is no evidence in humans of hypersensitivity reactions to carbomers used topically.



CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar in structure and nomenclature to polyethylene glycols.


CAS Number: 9004-74-4
MDL number: MFCD00084416
INCI Name: PEG-6 Methyl Ether
Molecular Formula: CH3O(CH2CH2O)nH



Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, MPEG, MPEG-OH, METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, MEO-PEG-OH, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER, MEO-PEG-COOH, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 550, MPEG 500, MPEG 2000, MPEG 5000, Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol), Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, mPEG, Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, mono-Methyl polyethylene glycol 350, Methoxypolyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether



Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a methyl group at one end.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the PEG chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting it with alkyl halides.


mPEG can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a water-soluble linear polymer formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar in structure and nomenclature to polyethylene glycols.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The hydroxyl group enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.


The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is PEG-6 methyl ether-based plasticizer.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 maintains wet-tack strength and possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in pressure-sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used for use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used Adhesives, Chemical intermediates, Inks and dye carriers, Lubricants, Plasticizer, Soaps, and detergents.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is varies from viscous liquid to white flakes, depending
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used enteric coating controlled release and enteric release coatings


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
Form: Liquid
Appearance: liquid
Boiling Point: > 200 °C (> 392 °F)
Color: Clear, Colorless
Density: 1.0899 g/cm3 @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Flash Point: 182 °C (360 °F)
Freezing Point: -5 - 10 °C (23 - 50 °F)
Kinematic Viscosity: 3.9 mm2/s @ 98.9 °C (210.0 °F)
Odor: mild
pH: 4.5 - 7.5 @ 20 - 25 °C (68 - 77 °F)
Relative Vapor Density: > 10
Solubility in Water: soluble
Vapor Pressure: < 0.01 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)

Physical State : Liquid
Solubility :Soluble in water (partly).
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :52-56° C
Density :1.09 g/mL
Refractive Index :n20D 1.46
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point/range: 52 - 56 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 182 °C - closed cup

Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: at 20 °C slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

CB Number: CB6228002
Molecular Formula: C5H12O3
Molecular Weight: 120.14698
MDL Number: MFCD00084416
MOL File:9004-74-4.mol
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Flash point: 268 °C
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
form: semisolid
Specific Gravity: 1.094
color: White to pale yellow
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)

Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EWG's Food Scores: 1-3
FDA UNII: METHOXY PEG-40 (6AXS45P1QU)
PEG-4 METHYL ETHER (3S6PWQ487V)
METHOXY PEG-20 (77U9H6E11K)
METHOXY PEG-16 (89ES36762B)
PEG-7 METHYL ETHER (ENK4Y6S66X)
EPA Substance Registry System: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),
.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy- (9004-74-4)
Molecular Formula: C5H12O3
Melting Point: 60-64?°C
Boiling Point: >200°C/760mmHg
Refractive index:Index of refraction: 1.4264 at 27 °C/D
Flash Point: 268 °C



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses:
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Not required
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polyethylene glycol derivative.
Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are polymers of ethylene oxide, and they are known for their versatility in various industrial and commercial applications.
The number 350 in the name refers to the approximate molecular weight of the polymer.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3

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APPLICATIONS


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is commonly used as a base material in the formulation of pharmaceuticals and medicinal products.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of controlled drug delivery systems, ensuring precise release of active ingredients.
In the pharmaceutical industry, the polymer is utilized to enhance the solubility and stability of certain drugs.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of specialty coatings for medical devices, providing a biocompatible surface.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain ointments and creams, contributing to their smooth and easily spreadable texture.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 serves as a key ingredient in the development of stable emulsions and creams in the cosmetic and personal care industry.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a lubricant in the production of certain pharmaceutical tablets and capsules.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of heat transfer fluids, ensuring efficient thermal management in industrial processes.

In the oil and gas industry, the polymer is utilized in the formulation of drilling fluids to enhance lubrication and stability.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the synthesis of certain polymer electrolyte membranes used in fuel cells.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the development of certain veterinary medications, ensuring precise dosage and administration.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of specialty waxes used in the molding and casting of intricate shapes in various industries.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain crop protection products, enhancing the stability and efficacy of agrochemicals.
In the textile industry, the polymer is added to fabric softeners to provide a soft and luxurious feel to textiles.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the formulation of certain liquid detergents, enhancing their solubilizing and dispersing properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the development of specialty inks for flexographic and gravure printing, ensuring precise and consistent printing quality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the formulation of certain antifoaming agents, controlling foam in various industrial processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the creation of certain corrosion inhibitors, protecting metal surfaces from degradation in harsh environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain sealants for construction applications, providing durability and weather resistance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the development of specialty gels for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, providing a stable and smooth texture.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the formulation of certain metalworking fluids, improving lubrication and cooling during machining processes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the creation of certain inkjet printing fluids for wide-format printers, ensuring optimal performance.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the production of specialty ceramics, acting as a binder in the shaping and firing of ceramic materials.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain corrosion-resistant coatings for metal surfaces in marine and industrial environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain specialty adhesives, enhancing their bonding strength and durability.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the formulation of water-based hydraulic fluids, providing lubrication and reducing friction in hydraulic systems.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a plasticizer in the production of certain polymers, enhancing their flexibility and processability.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the creation of certain mold release agents, facilitating the easy release of molded objects from molds.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain rust preventatives, protecting metal surfaces from corrosion.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the development of specialty paints and coatings, improving their flow and leveling properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the creation of certain textile auxiliaries, contributing to the softness and smoothness of textiles.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the formulation of certain inkjet inks for desktop printers, ensuring reliable and high-quality printing.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of certain defoaming agents used in industrial processes where foam control is essential.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain liquid-filled radiographic testing materials for non-destructive testing applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of certain polymeric surfactants used in emulsion polymerization processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain adhesive removers, facilitating the removal of adhesives from various surfaces.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain veterinary vaccines, contributing to their stability and efficacy.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain food-grade lubricants for machinery in the food processing industry.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain ink additives, improving the stability and dispersion of pigments in printing inks.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of certain biodegradable and environmentally friendly lubricants.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a processing aid in the production of certain plastics and rubber compounds.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of certain specialty detergents, enhancing their solubility and cleaning performance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the formulation of certain sealants for electronics, providing protection against moisture and environmental factors.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of certain specialty resins used in coatings and adhesives.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of certain personal lubricants, providing a smooth and non-irritating texture.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain antistatic agents for plastics and textiles, preventing static electricity buildup.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the development of certain bio-based and sustainable products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of certain anti-fogging agents used in various applications, including eyewear and camera lenses.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain specialty detergents for cleaning medical instruments and equipment.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the synthesis of certain specialty ceramics and ceramic composites.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the production of certain emulsifying agents for the creation of stable emulsions in various formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain pigment dispersions for use in the coloring of inks, paints, and coatings.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of certain biocompatible hydrogels used in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain heat transfer fluids for applications such as solar thermal systems.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the creation of certain adjuvants for vaccines, enhancing the immune response to antigens.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain anti-icing and de-icing agents for use in aviation and transportation.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents used in medical diagnostics.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the synthesis of certain specialty polymeric materials used in the construction of membranes for water purification.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the formulation of certain ink additives for the improvement of printability and color quality.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the production of certain film-forming agents used in the creation of coatings for various surfaces.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the formulation of certain humidity control agents for use in controlled environments.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain foam control agents used in the production of polyurethane foams.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the formulation of certain surfactants and wetting agents for improved wetting and spreading in agricultural applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain emollients and conditioning agents for personal care products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the formulation of certain lubricating greases for industrial machinery and automotive applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the synthesis of certain polymeric additives for the improvement of concrete properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds application in the creation of certain lubricating oils and fluids for industrial machinery.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is incorporated into the formulation of certain ink additives for the enhancement of print adhesion on various substrates.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the development of certain biocompatible implants and medical devices.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the creation of certain release agents for moldings and castings in manufacturing processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the formulation of certain electrolyte solutions for use in electrochemical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is utilized in the synthesis of certain specialty detergents for cleaning electronic components.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the creation of certain wetting agents for use in agricultural spray formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the formulation of certain anti-misting agents for use in industrial processes involving liquids.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the production of certain cosmetic emulsions for the creation of stable and uniform cosmetic products.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polyethylene glycol derivative.
Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are polymers of ethylene oxide, and they are known for their versatility in various industrial and commercial applications.
The number 350 in the name refers to the approximate molecular weight of the polymer.

The chemical structure of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can be represented as H(OCH3)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, where "n" represents the number of repeating ethylene oxide units.
The methoxy (OCH3) group indicates that the polymer has a methoxy end group.

The specific properties and applications of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can vary depending on its formulation and intended use.
Polyethylene glycols, in general, are known for their solubility in water and a wide range of organic solvents, as well as their use in pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial processes, and more.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a clear and colorless liquid.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 possesses a mild and characteristic odor.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is part of the polyethylene glycol family with a molecular weight around 350 g/mol.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is water-soluble and highly miscible in various solvents.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a versatile molecular structure with repeating ethylene oxide units.
With a methoxy end group, it exhibits specific chemical functionality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is commonly referred to as PEG 350.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 finds applications across diverse industrial sectors.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is known for its stability under normal storage conditions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a neutral pH, typically around 7 in water.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a low vapor pressure and is non-flammable.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a base material in the synthesis of various specialty chemicals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a key ingredient in the formulation of certain pharmaceutical products.

Its mild and non-irritating nature makes it suitable for use in personal care and cosmetic formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 contributes to the creation of stable suspensions and dispersions in liquid formulations.

In the oil and gas industry, it is utilized in the formulation of drilling fluids for enhanced performance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a lubricant in various industrial processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to improve the solubility and stability of certain active ingredients in pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is employed in the creation of heat transfer fluids for efficient thermal management.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is applied in the synthesis of controlled drug delivery systems.
In the field of chromatography, it serves as a mobile phase additive for liquid chromatography.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350's compatibility with different materials makes it valuable in the formulation of coatings and adhesives.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a versatile component in the development of specialty polymers.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 plays a role in the creation of stable emulsions in certain formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is known for its biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in various biomedical applications.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

State: Liquid
Color: Clear and colorless
Odor: Mild and characteristic
Molecular Weight: Approximately 350 g/mol
pH: Neutral (typically around 7 in water)
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and miscible in various solvents


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Polyethylene glycol derivative with repeating ethylene oxide units
Functional Group: Methoxy end group
Chemical Formula: H(OCH3)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH (where "n" represents the number of repeating ethylene oxide units)


Thermal Properties:

Melting Point: Dependent on the specific formulation; typically, polyethylene glycols have a low melting point.
Boiling Point: Varies based on atmospheric pressure.


Mechanical Properties:

Viscosity: The viscosity can vary, and it is often formulated to meet specific application requirements.
Density: The density is influenced by temperature and concentration.


Miscellaneous Properties:

Biocompatibility: Generally considered biocompatible, making it suitable for certain biomedical applications.
Flammability: Non-flammable.
Vapor Pressure: Low vapor pressure.
Surface Tension: Influenced by concentration and temperature.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of water and soap.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if the substance is absorbed through the skin.


Eye Contact:

In case of contact with eyes, rinse thoroughly with water for several minutes, lifting the eyelids.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there is any evidence of damage to the eyes.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention.


General First Aid Measures:

If a person is unconscious, not breathing, or experiencing seizures, call emergency services immediately.
Provide first aid for the specific symptoms and seek medical attention promptly.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.


Notes to Medical Personnel:

Provide medical personnel with detailed information about the substance, including its composition and potential hazards.
Treatment should be based on the symptoms exhibited by the exposed individual.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. In case of contact, follow first aid measures outlined in the SDS.

Preventive Measures:
Implement good industrial hygiene practices, including regular handwashing and avoiding unnecessary exposure.

Spill and Leak Response:
In the event of a spill or leak, follow established procedures outlined in the SDS.
Use appropriate absorbent materials and tools for cleanup.

Equipment Handling:
Use suitable equipment for handling, transferring, and dispensing the substance.
Ensure equipment is clean and in good working order.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, such as strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent the build-up of static electricity, which could lead to sparks.
Grounding and bonding may be necessary.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Store away from incompatible materials.
Segregate from strong acids, alkalis, and other reactive substances.

Container Integrity:
Ensure the integrity of containers to prevent leaks and spills.
Use original, tightly sealed containers when not in use.

Handling of Packages:
Handle packages carefully to avoid damage. Damaged containers may compromise the integrity of the substance.

Labeling:
Ensure proper labeling on containers, providing necessary hazard and safety information.
Maintain clear product identification.

Accessibility:
Store in areas easily accessible for emergency response and inspection.

Security Measures:
Implement appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access and tampering.

Shelf Life:
Adhere to the specified shelf life mentioned by the manufacturer.
Rotate stock to use older material first.
CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 350
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 appears as a clear, colorless liquid.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar in structure and nomenclature to polyethylene glycols.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is less dense than water.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
Molecular Formula: C5H12O3
Molecular Weight: 120.14698
EINECS Number: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.
The CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.

It is a CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting it with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a hydroxyether, ethanol substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a protic solvent and solvent.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a flash point of 110°F.

The vapors of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 are heavier than air.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, commonly known as PEG 350, is a type of polyethylene glycol (PEG) compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are synthetic polymers made by polymerizing ethylene oxide, and they are widely used in various industries due to their versatile properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 specifically refers to a PEG compound where the average molecular weight is around 350 g/mol.
The molecular weight of PEGs can vary significantly, and different molecular weights result in different properties and uses.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 shows improved solubility, slipperiness, hygroscopicity and slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.

They are suitable for use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical intermediates, inks and paint carriers, lubricants and plasticizers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has the form of white flakes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has an average molecular mass of 350.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles as well as drug delivery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, a new grade.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in heat sensitive micelle cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of

Etherification of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 chain ends can be carried out under basic conditions as follows: by reaction with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can undergo cross-linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated as a redox reaction or used as a free radical initiator.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, a new grade heat sensitive micelle cyclotriphosphazenes.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 with stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer similar to polyethylene glycols in terms of structure and nomenclature.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a PEG-6 methyl ether based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 maintains wet adhesion strength and has lubricity and moisturizing properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in many polar solvents such as aliphatic ketones, alcohols, glycol ethers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is easily miscible with water.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is slightly less soluble in water and its solubility is reduced molecularly.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a long chain methacrylate monoester based on an ethylene oxide backbone.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is water soluble and contains about 8 ethylene oxide (EO) units in its structure.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of:

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 chain ends can be assumed by reacting with alkyl under basic conditions.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles as well as drug delivery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, a new grade heat sensitive micelle cyclotriphosphazenes.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350) with stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is the main material for producing polycarboxylate high water reducing agent.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has good solubility, wettability, lubricity, physiologically inert properties, non-irritating and moderate properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 or methyl cellosolve is an organic compound with the formula C3H8O2 used.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a clear, colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.
For use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is in a class of solvents known as glycol ethers that stand out for their capabilities.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to dissolve various kinds of chemical compounds and ensure their miscibility with water and other solvents.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can be formed by the nucleophilic attack of methanol on protonated ethylene oxide followed by proton transfer:
C2H5O++ CH3OH → C3H8O2 + H+

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a hydroxyether, ethanol substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 acts as a protic solvent and solvent.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 appears as a clear, colorless liquid.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is less dense than water.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol (MPEG) 350 by Dow is PEG-6 methyl ether-based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 maintains wet-tack strength and possesses lubricity and humectant properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has improved solubility, slipperiness, hygroscopicity and light weight.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in lubricants and plasticizers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has the form of a viscous liquid to white flakes.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used for drug delivery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in many polar solvents such as aliphatic ketones, alcohols, glycol ethers.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is easily miscible with water.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a long chain methacrylate monoester based on an ethylene oxide backbone.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as a solvent for many different purposes such as varnishes, paints and paints.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a type of polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of around 350 g/mol.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s chemical structure consists of a chain of repeating ethylene oxide units, with two terminal hydroxyl groups (-OH) on each end.
The "methoxypolyethylene" part indicates the presence of methoxy (-OCH3) groups along the polymer chain.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in water and various organic solvents.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s solubility characteristics make it useful for creating formulations with desired viscosities and properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, are hygroscopic, meaning they have the ability to attract and hold water molecules from the surrounding environment.
This property makes them useful as humectants in cosmetics and as moisture-retaining agents in certain applications.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 and other PEG compounds are utilized in the pharmaceutical industry to enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, thereby improving their bioavailability.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can also be used to modify the release rate of drugs from dosage forms.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a process where PEG molecules are attached to drugs or therapeutic proteins.
This modification can improve the pharmacokinetics and stability of the molecules in the body, resulting in prolonged circulation times and reduced immunogenicity.
The properties of PEGs like CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can be tuned by altering their molecular weights.

Higher molecular weight CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s tend to be more viscous and can form thicker gels, while lower molecular weight PEGs are more liquid and less viscous.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are generally considered safe for use in various applications, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food, when used within specified concentrations.
However, there can be concerns about potential skin irritation and sensitization, especially if used on damaged or compromised skin.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are also known to have laxative effects when ingested in high amounts.
Depending on the specific application and industry, the use of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 and other PEGs may be subject to regulatory guidelines and approvals from relevant authorities such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

CARBOWAX is a brand name for a range of PEG products offered by Dow Chemical Company.
The term "CARBOWAX" is often used interchangeably with "PEG" in certain contexts.

Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Flash point: 268 °C
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
form: semisolid
Specific Gravity: 1.094
color: White to pale yellow
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a polymer with the chemical formula HO(CH2CH2O)nH.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s properties vary according to its molecular weight, from a colourless and odourless viscous liquid to a waxy solid.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a liquid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 200 to 600, and gradually becomes a semi-solid with a molecular weight above 600, with different properties depending on the average molecular weight.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350, from colourless and odourless viscous liquids to waxy solids.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 as the molecular weight increases, its hygroscopic capacity decreases accordingly.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is soluble in water, ethanol and many other organic solvents.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has a low vapour pressure and is stable to heat, acids and bases.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 does not interact with many chemicals.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has good hygroscopicity, lubricity and bonding properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s can be chemically modified to create various derivatives with specific properties.
For example, the addition of fatty acids to CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 molecules can lead to compounds known as PEGylated lipids, which are used in drug delivery systems and as components of lipid-based formulations.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are widely used in drug delivery systems to improve the delivery of drugs to specific target tissues and to enhance their stability in the bloodstream.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 of drugs can also reduce their immunogenicity, extending their circulation time and potentially improving their therapeutic efficacy.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 hydrogels are crosslinked networks of PEG molecules that can hold a large amount of water.

These hydrogels have applications in tissue engineering, wound healing, and controlled drug release.
Their water-retaining properties make them suitable for maintaining a moist environment on the skin or in wound care.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 nanoparticles are used in gene and RNA delivery.

These nanoparticles protect the genetic material and enhance its cellular uptake, contributing to the development of gene therapy and RNA-based therapies.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in biotechnology and medical fields as cryoprotectants.
They help protect cells and tissues from damage during the freezing and thawing processes, which is crucial in fields like cell preservation and organ transplantation.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as lubricating agents in various medical devices and formulations.
These can reduce friction and improve the glide of medical instruments, catheters, and devices that come into contact with body tissues.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 nanoparticles and micelles are employed in medical imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can act as adjuvants in vaccines, enhancing the body's immune response to antigens and improving the effectiveness of the vaccine.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to stabilize proteins during various stages of production, purification, and storage.
This helps prevent protein denaturation and aggregation, maintaining their biological activity.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is commonly used in laboratory research for tasks like protein precipitation, DNA extraction, and the separation of molecules based on their size through techniques like polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 are commonly found in personal care and cosmetic products due to their ability to improve the texture, spreadability, and moisturizing properties of creams, lotions, shampoos, and other products.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as emulsifiers, thickeners, and humectants.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as food additives and processing aids.
They can act as stabilizers in ice creams, prevent crystallization in confectionery products, and improve the texture of baked goods.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is also utilized in food packaging to enhance film-forming properties and reduce water loss from packaged foods.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 find application in the textile industry as sizing agents and lubricants during the manufacturing process.
They can improve the smoothness and manageability of textiles, aiding in the weaving and processing of fabrics.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the paper industry to improve the strength and printing properties of paper.
They can enhance the retention of fillers and fibers, leading to improved paper quality.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 derivatives have been investigated as blood plasma expanders, which are used to increase blood volume in medical situations such as surgeries or trauma when there's a need for temporary volume restoration.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is present in dental products like toothpaste and mouthwash as a means to improve consistency, texture, and moisture retention.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in agriculture as wetting agents and adjuvants for agrochemical formulations.
They help improve the coverage and penetration of pesticides and fertilizers on plant surfaces.

Electrospinning, a technique used in nanofiber production, often involves the use of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based polymers to create nanoscale fibers for applications in filtration, tissue engineering, and wound healing.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can act as plasticizers in plastics and polymers, improving flexibility and reducing brittleness.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is sometimes used in chromatography and electrophoresis techniques for separation and analysis of biomolecules.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based compounds are used in personal lubricants due to their water-retaining properties and lubricating effects.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s themselves are generally considered biocompatible and safe, there have been concerns about their potential impact on aquatic ecosystems due to their persistence and potential to bioaccumulate.

Uses
Methoxypolyethylene glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol of with an average molecular mass of 350.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was used in a study to evaluate the synthesis of a new class of heat sensitive micelles.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 was also used in a study to investigate the synthesis of a new amphiphilic compound.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 35 commonly used in pharmaceuticals as excipients (inactive ingredients) in various formulations.
They can act as solubilizers, stabilizers, and viscosity modifiers in oral solutions, ointments, creams, and other dosage forms.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in cosmetics and personal care products as emollients, humectants, and thickeners.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 help moisturize the skin and improve the texture of products like lotions, creams, and shampoos.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s find applications in industrial processes such as in the manufacturing of adhesives, lubricants, and as antifoaming agents.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is also used in the food industry, particularly in food packaging and processing.

They can act as stabilizers, thickeners, and moisture-retaining agents.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to improve drug solubility, enhance drug stability, and control drug release in various dosage forms.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 extends the circulation time of therapeutic proteins and drugs, reducing immunogenicity and improving efficacy.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 hydrogels can be used for wound dressings to maintain a moist environment and promote healing.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350nanoparticles are used to deliver genetic material for gene therapy applications.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 nanoparticles enhance imaging contrast and targeted drug delivery in medical imaging techniques.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 hydrogels are employed as scaffolds for tissue regeneration and repair.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s reduce friction and improve lubrication in medical devices and catheters.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are used in lotions, creams, and moisturizers for their humectant properties.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products, such as skin creams and hair conditioners.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s aid in the formation of foams and improve the spreadability of hair care and cleansing products.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s help disperse sunscreen ingredients evenly and improve water resistance.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s enhance the texture and application of cosmetics like foundations, lipsticks, and eyeliners.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used as stabilizers, thickeners, and emulsifiers in processed foods.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is prevent crystallization and improve texture in confectionery products.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s enhance packaging materials' moisture retention properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve the smoothness and texture of ice cream by reducing ice crystal formation.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve dough handling properties and texture in baked goods.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s serve as lubricants in various industries, including manufacturing and machinery.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s improve the adhesive properties of formulations in the adhesive industry.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s enhance textile processing by improving the flexibility and manageability of fabrics.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to improve paper strength and printability.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 act as wetting agents and adjuvants in agrochemical formulations.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 improve the flexibility of plastics and polymers.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in chromatography and electrophoresis techniques for biomolecule separation.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based polymers are used in nanofiber production for applications in various industries.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in the preservation of cells, tissues, and organs at low temperatures, helping to prevent damage from ice crystal formation.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 used in some electronic devices as dielectric materials, enhancing insulation and preventing electrical leakage.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can act as coalescing agents in paint formulations, aiding in film formation and improving coating properties.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in oil recovery processes to improve the flow of oil in reservoirs and enhance oil extraction.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can serve as lubricants and coolants in metalworking processes such as cutting, drilling, and grinding.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 have been explored as absorbents for carbon capture from industrial processes, helping to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used to attach molecules to biological entities, enabling various research and medical applications.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is a key component in the development of nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based hydrogels can respond to environmental stimuli, making them useful in smart materials and drug delivery systems.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based microfluidic devices are used for precise manipulation of small fluid volumes in lab-on-a-chip applications.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-based materials are explored in 3D printing for their biocompatibility and ability to create complex structures.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 is used in laboratory settings as reaction solvents and reagents in various chemical reactions.

Safety
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350 can cause skin irritation, especially if used on damaged or compromised skin.
Some individuals might also develop allergic reactions to PEG compounds.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350's advisable to conduct a patch test before applying products containing PEGs to a larger area of skin.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s can be manufactured using various processes that might introduce impurities or contaminants.
While reputable suppliers take measures to ensure the purity of their products, impurities could potentially lead to adverse reactions.
High concentrations of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s can have laxative effects when ingested orally.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350's important to follow recommended guidelines and avoid excessive ingestion.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350-containing products can cause eye irritation if they come into contact with the eyes.
Avoid direct eye contact and rinse thoroughly with water if contact occurs.

CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s are used in medical devices like catheters, and improper handling or maintenance of such devices can potentially increase the risk of infection.
CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s, especially those with higher molecular weights, can persist in the environment and contribute to pollution.
The potential environmental impact of CARBOWAX Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 350s should be considered in manufacturing and disposal practices.

Synonyms
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether [NF]
ENK4Y6S66X
6AXS45P1QU
H0S96329MO
UQE3488NAI
89ES36762B
P3R1BUP13I
SUM33ZW82J
77U9H6E11K
3S6PWQ487V
WXH089JZ5E
9004-74-4
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether
UNII-ENK4Y6S66X
MPEG
Methoxy polyethylene glycol 750
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy-
Carbowax Sentry Methoxypolyethylene Glycol
Ethylene oxide adduct of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
Methoxy polyethylene glycol
Monomethoxypolyethylene glycol
Polyethylene glycol methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol, monomethyl ether
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-methyl-omega-hydroxy
Polyethylene glycol 300 methyl ether
Methoxy PEG-100
Methoxy PEG-16
Methoxy PEG-40
PEG-6 Methyl ether
Polyethylene glycol (100) monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol (16) monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 2000 monomethyl ether
Polyethylene glycol 500 monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (6) methyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (10) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (100) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (16) monomethyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (40) monomethyl ether
Methoxy polyethylene glycol 350
Methoxy polyethylene glycol 550
UNII-89ES36762B
UNII-UQE3488NAI
UNII-6AXS45P1QU
UNII-H0S96329MO
UNII-P3R1BUP13I
UNII-SUM33ZW82J
UNII-77U9H6E11K
UNII-WXH089JZ5E
UNII-3S6PWQ487V
Alpha-methoxy-PEG
Methoxypolyethylene glycol
Monomethoxypolyoxyethylene
CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 550
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a polyethylene glycol derivative with a molecular weight around 550.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is part of the Carbowax series, renowned for its versatile applications in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a water-soluble polymer, adding to its utility in different formulations.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3

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APPLICATIONS


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 finds extensive use in pharmaceutical formulations, where it acts as a solubilizing and stabilizing agent.
In the cosmetics industry, this polymer contributes to the creation of creams, lotions, and other personal care products, enhancing their texture and consistency.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed as an emulsifier, facilitating the uniform dispersion of oil and water-based components in various formulations.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving the overall efficiency of machinery.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 serves as a wetting agent, aiding in the even spreading and absorption of liquids on solid surfaces.
Its water-solubility makes it suitable for applications where a clear and homogeneous solution is required, such as in the formulation of liquid pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used in the food industry as an ingredient in certain formulations, benefiting from its stability and safety profile.
As a surfactant, it lowers the surface tension of liquids, enhancing wetting, spreading, and foaming properties in various products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is incorporated into the development of controlled-release formulations, allowing for a gradual and sustained release of active ingredients.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 plays a crucial role in the creation of specialty coatings and films, imparting desired characteristics to the final products.
In medical applications, it demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals and medical devices.

Its stability under specific conditions makes it valuable in the formulation of chemical and industrial processes, contributing to process efficiency.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed as a component in the development of certain adhesives, enhancing their performance and properties.
As a polymer with a methoxy-terminated structure, it exhibits specific chemical reactivity, influencing its behavior in various reactions.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the creation of liquid formulations for electronic cigarettes, contributing to the consistency and quality of the vaping experience.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the development of ink and dye formulations, contributing to the stability and flow characteristics of the products.
Its use in the production of certain pesticides and agrochemicals benefits from its water-solubility and compatibility with other components.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is applied in the synthesis of polymer materials with specific properties, including controlled molecular weight and structure.
In the field of analytical chemistry, it is used as a solvent and diluent for samples, aiding in the analysis of various compounds.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is incorporated into the creation of specialty detergents and cleaning formulations, enhancing their performance in removing dirt and contaminants.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the formulation of colorants and pigments, contributing to the vibrancy and stability of the final products.
Its stability and water-solubility make it suitable for use in the creation of water-based paints and coatings.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the formulation of certain imaging agents for medical diagnostics, benefiting from its compatibility with biological systems.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the development of certain textile and fabric treatments, enhancing their properties.
Its multifaceted applications make it a valuable component in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agrochemicals, and materials science.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the production of hydraulic fluids, where its lubricating properties contribute to smoother operation in hydraulic systems.
In the formulation of certain veterinary medications, this polymer aids in creating stable and easily administrable pharmaceutical preparations.
The water-soluble nature of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 makes it valuable in the development of water-based drilling fluids for the oil and gas industry.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 plays a role in the creation of stable suspensions and dispersions, making it useful in the formulation of paints, inks, and coatings.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the synthesis of specialty polymers for applications such as controlled drug delivery systems.
As a component in the manufacturing of certain adhesive products, it enhances bonding properties and adhesion strength.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 finds application in the creation of photographic chemicals, contributing to the stability of certain solutions and formulations.
In the field of chromatography, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used as a stationary phase in gas chromatography columns.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, ensuring efficient heat exchange in various industrial processes.
The stability and compatibility of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 make it suitable for use in the development of cooling and refrigeration fluids.
In the formulation of certain inkjet printing inks, it contributes to the dispersion of pigments and the overall print quality.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is utilized in the creation of mold release agents, facilitating the release of molded products from molds.
Its solubilizing properties make it beneficial in the formulation of certain pesticide concentrates and formulations for agricultural applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used in the production of certain pharmaceutical ointments and creams, contributing to their consistency and spreadability.
In the field of tissue engineering, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is incorporated into hydrogel formulations for controlled drug release.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the creation of certain electrolyte solutions for use in batteries and energy storage devices.
Its compatibility with various materials makes it suitable for use in the formulation of certain sealants and caulks.
In the manufacturing of certain plastic and rubber products, it acts as a processing aid, improving the flow and moldability of the materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the development of certain personal lubricants and intimate care products, enhancing their performance.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is used in the creation of certain detergents and cleaning products, contributing to their effectiveness in removing soil and stains.
Its water-solubility and low toxicity make it suitable for use in the formulation of certain medical imaging contrast agents.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is applied in the synthesis of certain specialty surfactants for use in various industrial and consumer applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the formulation of certain hydraulic fluids for aircraft, contributing to their stability and performance.

In the creation of certain diagnostic reagents, it is utilized for its compatibility with biological samples and stability in solution.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is found in the formulation of certain flux agents used in soldering applications, aiding in the soldering process.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a polyethylene glycol derivative with a molecular weight around 550.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is part of the Carbowax series, renowned for its versatile applications in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is a water-soluble polymer, adding to its utility in different formulations.

With a characteristic methoxy end group, it exhibits distinct chemical properties in reactions and applications.
This PEG 550 variant is known for its stability, making it suitable for use in a range of conditions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is often employed as an emulsifier, facilitating the mixing of substances that are typically immiscible.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 acts as a lubricant, reducing friction and enhancing the smoothness of certain processes.
Due to its moderate molecular weight, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 strikes a balance between viscosity and flow characteristics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is commonly utilized in pharmaceutical formulations for its solubilizing and stabilizing properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 plays a role in the creation of cosmetic and personal care products, contributing to their texture and consistency.

In the food industry, it finds use as an ingredient in certain formulations where its properties are advantageous.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550's water-solubility makes it suitable for applications where a clear and homogenous solution is desired.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed as a wetting agent, aiding in the dispersion of substances in liquid systems.
Its methoxy-terminated structure influences interactions with other molecules, impacting its performance in various applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 exhibits excellent biocompatibility, making it suitable for use in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is known for its low toxicity, enhancing its safety profile in different formulations.
Its role as a surfactant allows it to reduce the surface tension of liquids, promoting better wetting and spreading properties.
Due to its stable nature, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is resistant to degradation under certain conditions.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is often incorporated into formulations requiring a controlled release of active ingredients.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is employed in the development of various chemical and industrial processes, showcasing its versatility.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550's methoxy end group imparts specific chemical reactivity, influencing its behavior in certain reactions.
As a member of the Carbowax family, this polyethylene glycol contributes to the enhancement of product performance in diverse applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is known for its ability to form stable dispersions and solutions in different solvents.

Its utility extends to the creation of specialized coatings and films, where its properties contribute to the desired characteristics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 remains a valuable component in the toolbox of formulators, researchers, and engineers due to its multifaceted applications.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: Not provided (specific to the proprietary compound).
Molecular Weight: Not provided (specific to the proprietary compound).
Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellowish liquid or solid (depends on temperature and formulation).
Odor: Typically odorless.
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation and temperature conditions.
Boiling Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation and temperature conditions.
Solubility:
Soluble in water.
Miscible with a variety of organic solvents.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Polyethylene glycol with a methoxy end group.
Reactivity: Generally stable under normal conditions, chemically inert.
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits some degree of hygroscopicity, absorbing water from the environment.


Functional Group:

Methoxy (O-CH3) End Group: Imparts specific chemical reactivity and influences interactions.


Thermal Properties:

Thermal Stability: Generally stable under normal storage and handling conditions.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
Immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air, away from the source of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550.

Provide Respiratory Support:
If the person has difficulty breathing, administer artificial respiration or use available respiratory support equipment.

Seek Medical Attention:
Contact emergency medical services for further evaluation and treatment.
Provide information about the substance for accurate medical advice.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Quickly and gently remove any contaminated clothing, including shoes, and rinse the affected skin thoroughly.

Flush with Water:
Wash the affected skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring complete rinsing.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap to cleanse the skin while rinsing, if available.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist, seek medical attention promptly. Provide details about the exposure for appropriate medical advice.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with a gentle stream of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If applicable, remove contact lenses during eye irrigation.

Seek Medical Attention:
Obtain prompt medical attention, even if the person feels relief, as further evaluation is essential.


Ingestion:

Do NOT Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.

Rinse Mouth:
If Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is swallowed, rinse the mouth with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Contact emergency medical services or a poison control center for guidance and seek medical attention immediately.


General Advice:

Personal Protection:
Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 to prevent exposure.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical attention promptly for any signs of adverse effects, even if they appear minor.

Note to Healthcare Providers:
Provide healthcare providers with information about the substance for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Follow-Up:
Follow any specific first aid instructions provided by healthcare professionals.

Emergency Contacts:
Keep emergency contact numbers readily accessible in case of exposure or emergencies.

Decontamination:
Properly decontaminate clothing and equipment before re-use to prevent further exposure.

Symptom Management:
Manage symptoms as advised by medical professionals, and report any lingering effects.

Monitoring:
Monitor the individual for any delayed or secondary symptoms and seek medical attention if necessary.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation systems to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550.
In case of accidental contact, follow recommended first aid measures promptly.

Hygiene Practices:
Implement good personal hygiene practices, including thorough handwashing after handling the substance.

Prevent Inhalation:
Use respiratory protection, such as a mask or respirator, if handling in an area with inadequate ventilation or in situations where airborne exposure is likely.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the identity of the substance, hazard information, and appropriate safety instructions.
Follow all labeling regulations and guidelines.

Avoid Mixing:
Avoid mixing Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 with incompatible substances.
Refer to compatibility charts and guidelines to prevent undesirable reactions.

Equipment Inspection:
Regularly inspect and maintain equipment used for handling Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 to ensure proper functioning and prevent leaks.

Spill Response:
Have spill response procedures in place, including the use of absorbent materials and appropriate personal protective equipment.
Clean up spills promptly and dispose of waste properly.

Training:
Provide proper training to personnel handling Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550, including information on potential hazards and proper emergency procedures.
Storage:

Storage Location:
Store Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials.

Temperature Control:
Keep storage temperatures within the recommended range (if specified) to prevent product degradation or separation.

Container Integrity:
Ensure the integrity of storage containers to prevent leaks or spills. Use containers made of compatible materials.

Segregation:
Segregate Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, bases, or oxidizing agents.

Fire Prevention:
Store away from ignition sources and follow fire prevention measures.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 is generally non-flammable.

Controlled Access:
Restrict access to the storage area to authorized personnel only.

Emergency Equipment:
Keep emergency equipment, such as spill response kits and fire extinguishers, readily accessible in the storage area.

Documentation:
Maintain proper documentation of storage conditions, including batch numbers, dates, and supplier information.

Regular Inspections:
Conduct regular inspections of storage areas for any signs of damage, leaks, or deterioration.

Secondary Containment:
Use secondary containment measures to prevent spills from reaching the environment.

Storage Height:
Avoid storing Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 at heights where it may pose a falling hazard.
Ensure stability and secure stacking.

Storage Compatibility:
Ensure that storage shelves and containers are compatible with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550 to prevent material degradation.

Temperature Monitoring:

Implement temperature monitoring systems, especially if storage conditions are critical for the stability of the product.
Avoid Overcrowding:

Avoid overcrowding storage areas to facilitate easy access and prevent accidental spills or container damage.
Emergency Procedures:

Ensure that personnel are familiar with emergency procedures in case of spills, leaks, or other incidents.
Waste Disposal:

Dispose of waste materials, such as empty containers, according to local regulations and guidelines.
Transportation Considerations:

Follow appropriate guidelines for transporting Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 550, including securing containers and complying with transportation regulations.
CARBOWAX METHOXYPOLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is a specific variant of polyethylene glycol (PEG) within the Carbowax series.
The Carbowax series is a range of high-performance polyethylene glycols.
In the context of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750, "750" refers to the average molecular weight of the polymer.

CAS Number: 9004-74-4
EC Number: 618-394-3

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APPLICATIONS


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is commonly used as a solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations, facilitating the dispersion of active ingredients.
In the cosmetics industry, it is incorporated into the production of creams and lotions, contributing to their smooth texture and spreadability.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 acts as an emulsifier, enabling the creation of stable emulsions in various formulations, such as personal care products and pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving the efficiency of machinery.
Its water-soluble nature makes it suitable for use in the formulation of clear and homogeneous solutions in liquid pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the creation of controlled-release formulations, allowing for a gradual and sustained release of active substances.

In the food industry, it is utilized as an ingredient in certain formulations, benefiting from its stability and safety profile.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 acts as a wetting agent, aiding in the even spreading and absorption of liquids on solid surfaces.

As a surfactant, it lowers the surface tension of liquids, enhancing wetting, spreading, and foaming properties in various products.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the development of specialty coatings and films, imparting specific characteristics to the final products.

In medical applications, its biocompatibility makes it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals and medical devices.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of certain adhesives, enhancing their performance and properties.

The methoxy-terminated structure of the polymer influences its chemical reactivity, making it valuable in various reactions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of liquid solutions for electronic cigarettes, contributing to the consistency and quality of the vaping experience.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the development of ink and dye formulations, contributing to the stability and flow characteristics of the products.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the synthesis of polymer materials with specific properties, including controlled molecular weight and structure.
In analytical chemistry, it is used as a solvent and diluent for samples, aiding in the analysis of various compounds.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is incorporated into the creation of specialty detergents and cleaning formulations, enhancing their performance in removing dirt and contaminants.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the formulation of colorants and pigments, contributing to the vibrancy and stability of the final products.
Its stability and water-solubility make it suitable for use in the creation of water-based paints and coatings.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of certain imaging agents for medical diagnostics, benefiting from its compatibility with biological systems.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the development of certain textile and fabric treatments, enhancing their properties.
Its multifaceted applications make it a valuable component in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agrochemicals, and materials science.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the production of hydraulic fluids, contributing to smoother operation in hydraulic systems.
In veterinary medications, it aids in creating stable and easily administrable pharmaceutical preparations for animals.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of water-based drilling fluids for the oil and gas industry, where its water solubility is advantageous.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a crucial role in the creation of stable suspensions and dispersions, making it valuable in the formulation of paints, inks, and coatings.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the synthesis of specialty polymers, particularly in the development of controlled drug delivery systems.
As a component in certain adhesive products, it enhances bonding properties and adhesion strength, making it valuable in bonding applications.

The stability of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the creation of photographic chemicals, contributing to the stability of solutions.
In gas chromatography, it is used as a stationary phase, demonstrating its utility in analytical chemistry applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, ensuring efficient heat exchange in various industrial processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the creation of cooling and refrigeration fluids, contributing to the stability and efficiency of these systems.
In the formulation of certain inkjet printing inks, it contributes to the dispersion of pigments, improving print quality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of mold release agents, facilitating the release of molded products from molds in manufacturing processes.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the synthesis of specialty surfactants for use in various industrial and consumer applications.
In the field of chromatography, it is used as a mobile phase additive, influencing separation characteristics in liquid chromatography.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in certain electrolyte solutions for batteries and energy storage devices, contributing to their performance.
Its compatibility with various materials makes it suitable for use in the formulation of sealants and caulks, enhancing their properties.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is used in the creation of certain pharmaceutical ointments and creams, contributing to their consistency and spreadability.
In tissue engineering, it is incorporated into hydrogel formulations for controlled drug release and tissue regeneration.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the formulation of personal lubricants and intimate care products, enhancing their lubricating properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the development of certain agricultural formulations, including pesticide concentrates.

Its water solubility and low toxicity make it suitable for use in medical imaging contrast agents, where compatibility with biological systems is essential.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the creation of certain diagnostic reagents, contributing to stability and compatibility with biological samples.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is found in the formulation of certain flux agents used in soldering applications, aiding in the soldering process.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of certain hydraulic fluids for aircraft, contributing to their stability and performance.
In the manufacturing of plastic and rubber products, it acts as a processing aid, improving flow and moldability.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the formulation of certain detergents and cleaning products, enhancing their effectiveness.
Its multifunctional properties make it valuable in various applications, ranging from industrial processes to pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the formulation of high-performance adhesives, enhancing their bonding strength and durability.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is used in the development of heat-resistant lubricants for machinery operating under elevated temperatures.

In the textile industry, the polymer is incorporated into fabric softeners, contributing to the soft feel of textiles and reducing static electricity.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of specialty inks for flexographic and gravure printing, ensuring precise and consistent printing quality.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the synthesis of specialty coatings for medical devices, providing a biocompatible and protective layer.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a role in the production of certain biodegradable plastics, contributing to the sustainability of plastic materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the formulation of certain liquid detergents, enhancing their solubilizing and dispersing properties.
In the oil and gas industry, it is used in the creation of drilling muds to stabilize and lubricate the drilling process.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is incorporated into the formulation of certain veterinary medications, ensuring precise dosage and administration.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the creation of specialty waxes used in the molding and casting of intricate shapes in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the development of specialty inks for screen printing, contributing to the adhesion and durability of printed materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the production of certain corrosion inhibitors, protecting metal surfaces from degradation in harsh environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is used as a plasticizer in the manufacturing of certain flexible plastics, improving their flexibility and resilience.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the formulation of certain antifoaming agents, controlling foam in various industrial processes.
In the creation of specialty films for packaging, the polymer contributes to the film's flexibility, transparency, and barrier properties.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the development of certain inkjet printing fluids for wide-format printers, ensuring optimal performance.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of certain crop protection products, enhancing the stability and efficacy of agrochemicals.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the creation of specialty coatings for medical implants, providing a biocompatible surface.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a role in the formulation of certain metalworking fluids, improving lubrication and cooling during machining processes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is applied in the development of specialty gels for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, providing a stable and smooth texture.
In the production of specialty ceramics, the polymer is used as a binder, facilitating the shaping and firing of ceramic materials.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 finds application in the formulation of certain anti-fogging agents for use in eyewear, camera lenses, and optical devices.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is incorporated into the creation of certain polymer electrolyte membranes used in fuel cells.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is employed in the development of certain corrosion-resistant coatings for metal surfaces in marine and industrial environments.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in the formulation of certain sealants for construction applications, providing durability and weather resistance.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is a specific variant of polyethylene glycol (PEG) within the Carbowax series.
The Carbowax series is a range of high-performance polyethylene glycols.
In the context of Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750, "750" refers to the average molecular weight of the polymer.

Polyethylene glycols are polymeric compounds composed of repeating units of ethylene oxide. They are known for their versatility, water solubility, and non-toxic nature.
The "Methoxypolyethylene Glycol" part indicates that the polymer has been modified with methoxy (O-CH3) end groups, influencing its chemical and physical properties.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is a polyethylene glycol derivative with a molecular weight around 750.
This specific variant of polyethylene glycol is part of the Carbowax series known for its diverse applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 features a methoxy end group, influencing its chemical characteristics.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is often utilized as a solubilizer, finding applications in pharmaceutical formulations.

With a moderate molecular weight, Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 balances viscosity and functionality.
Its methoxy-terminated structure imparts specific chemical reactivity in various applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 serves as an emulsifier, aiding in the dispersion of immiscible substances in formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 acts as a lubricant, reducing friction and enhancing process efficiency.
In the cosmetics industry, it contributes to the creation of creams and lotions, improving texture and consistency.
Its water-soluble nature makes it suitable for applications requiring clear and homogenous solutions.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 plays a role in the formulation of certain personal care products, enhancing their performance.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is known for its stability, making it valuable in various industries.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is commonly employed as a wetting agent, aiding in the dispersion of substances in liquid systems.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750's low toxicity enhances its safety profile in different formulations.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is utilized in controlled-release formulations for gradual substance release.
Its biocompatibility makes it suitable for use in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750's surfactant properties reduce surface tension in liquids, improving wetting characteristics.
In the food industry, it may be used as an ingredient in formulations where its properties are beneficial.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is often employed in the creation of specialty coatings and films.
Due to its stable nature, it is resistant to degradation under specific conditions.
The methoxy end group influences the polymer's behavior in various chemical and industrial processes.
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 contributes to the enhancement of product performance in diverse applications.

Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 is valued for its ability to form stable dispersions and solutions in different solvents.
Its utility extends to the development of certain adhesives, enhancing bonding properties.
As a member of the Carbowax family, this polyethylene glycol variant showcases versatility across industries.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Name: Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750
Synonyms: Polyethylene glycol 750, MPEG 750, Methoxypolyethylene glycol 750, Methoxy PEG 750, PEG 750, Macrogol 750
CAS Number: (The specific CAS number may vary based on the manufacturer's formulation.)
EC Number: (The specific EC number may vary based on the manufacturer's formulation.)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 750 g/mol
Chemical Formula: Variable due to polymeric nature; typically represented as H(OCH3)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH
Appearance: Clear to slightly turbid liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Mild, characteristic odor
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and miscible with a wide range of solvents
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Typically ranges between -10°C to -5°C
Boiling Point: Variable, depending on specific formulation
Density: Approximately 1.05 g/cm³
pH: Neutral (pH around 7 in water)
Viscosity: Variable based on temperature and concentration
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Vapor Pressure: Low
Surface Tension: Influenced by concentration and temperature
Refractive Index: Typically around 1.46
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; may undergo chemical changes under extreme conditions
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of materials; may vary based on specific applications
Biodegradability: Generally considered biodegradable
Toxicity: Low toxicity; considered safe for various applications
Flammability: Non-flammable



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation or distress persists, seek medical attention promptly.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Remove contaminated clothing and footwear immediately.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected skin area with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions occur, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with gentle, flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold eyelids open during rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If applicable, remove contact lenses after the initial flushing and continue rinsing.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or pain persists after thorough flushing.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention. Do not delay, especially if a large quantity has been ingested.


General First Aid:

Remove from Exposure:
Remove the affected person from exposure to Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750.

Provide Comfort:
Keep the affected person comfortable and at rest.

Treat Symptoms:
Treat symptoms and seek medical attention as necessary.


Notes to Medical Personnel:

Specific Treatment:
There is no specific antidote.
Treat symptomatically.

Inhalation:
Provide respiratory support if breathing difficulties occur.

Skin Contact:
Treat skin irritation or chemical burns according to standard protocols.

Eye Contact:
If eye irritation persists, consider ophthalmic consultation.

Ingestion:
If a significant amount is ingested, consider gastrointestinal decontamination under medical supervision.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
If handling in an enclosed space, ensure adequate local exhaust ventilation.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin and eye contact.
In case of contact, follow recommended first aid measures.

Prevent Ingestion:
Avoid ingestion.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance.

Hygiene Practices:
Practice good personal hygiene, including thorough handwashing, after handling the substance.

Avoid Inhalation of Vapors:
Avoid inhaling vapors or mists.
If working with heated or atomized forms, use appropriate respiratory protection.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent the buildup of static electricity.
Use bonding and grounding devices when transferring the substance.

Equipment Compatibility:
Use equipment made of materials compatible with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750.
Check for compatibility with containers and handling apparatus.


Storage:

Store in Cool, Dry Place:
Store Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750 in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

Avoid Extreme Temperatures:
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.
Do not allow the substance to freeze.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the buildup of vapors.

Keep Containers Tightly Closed:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.

Separate from Incompatible Substances:
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.

Prevent Cross-Contamination:
Clearly label containers and ensure proper segregation to prevent cross-contamination with other substances.

Storage Containers:
Use appropriate storage containers made of materials compatible with Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 750.

Static Electricity:
Ground storage and handling equipment to prevent the buildup of static electricity.

Bulk Storage:
If stored in bulk, use suitable containment systems to prevent spills and facilitate easy cleanup.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and with slightly more hydrophobic solvent properties.
For use in soaps and detergents, adhesives, chemical Intermediates, inks and dye carrier, lubricants, and plasticizer​​​.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is PEG-6 methyl ether-based plasticizer.

CAS: 9004-74-4
MF: C5H12O3
MW: 120.14698
EINECS: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 maintains wet-tack strength and possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is used in pressure-sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The hydroxyl group enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.
The hydrophilic CARBOWAX MPEG 350 spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.
A poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a methyl group at one end.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the PEG chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting CARBOWAX MPEG 350 with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a monomethylated polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 2,400 Da.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has a hydrophobic character and is soluble in organic solvents.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 can be used as an additive in pharmaceutical formulations to improve stability, solubility, and drug absorption.
The ionisation mass of CARBOWAX MPEG 350 was determined by electrospray ionisation (ESI) and spectrometric methods.
The hydrophilic character of CARBOWAX MPEG 350 was confirmed by its ability to form emulsions when combined with water extracts.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 also had a mass spectrometric method that included methoxy and ethylene in the spectrum.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a derivative of polyethylene glycol, soluble in water, ethanol and most highly polar organic solvents, compared with glycerol, CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is not easy to volatilize, has stable chemical properties, is not easy to be hydrolyzed and destroyed, and has strong hydrophilicity.
Vapor pressure, thermal stability, in the textile printing and dyeing industry and the daily chemical industry as a thickener, lubricant.
In the building materials industry, CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is used as the raw material of cement water reducing agent and reinforcing agent.
The polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer synthesized by using the raw material has strong cement particle dispersion retention ability, so that CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has low dosage, high water reduction rate, good enhancement effect, durability, no corrosion of steel and environmental friendly and other advantages.
Can be applied in the field of mixing and long-distance transportation of high performance, high strength (C60 or more) of the goods in the concrete.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Fp: 268 °C
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
Form: semisolid
Color: White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.094
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX MPEG 350 (9004-74-4)

Uses
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 of with an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.

CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is a polymer of ethylene oxide hydrolysate, which is non-toxic and non-irritating, and is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
Low molecular weight CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is relatively toxic, and the toxicity of diols is relatively low.
Topical application of CARBOWAX MPEG 350, particularly Mucosal administration, can cause irritant pain.
In the external lotion, this product can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
High-dose oral CARBOWAX MPEG 350 can appear Diarrhea.
In the injection, the maximum concentration of CARBOWAX MPEG 350 is about 30%(V/V), and the concentration of more than 40%(V/V) can appear hemolysis.

Synonyms
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 750 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 5000 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 550 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 350 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1900 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
METHOXY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Methoxypolyethylene glycols
CARBOWAX MPEG 550
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is methoxy PEG-10-based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 possesses lubricity & humectant properties and maintains wet-tack strength.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.

CAS: 9004-74-4
MF: C5H12O3
MW: 120.14698
EINECS: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is a monomethylated polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 2,400 Da.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 has a hydrophobic character and is soluble in organic solvents.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can be used as an additive in pharmaceutical formulations to improve stability, solubility, and drug absorption.
The ionisation mass of CARBOWAX MPEG 550 was determined by electrospray ionisation (ESI) and spectrometric methods.
The hydrophilic character of CARBOWAX MPEG 550 was confirmed by its ability to form emulsions when combined with water extracts.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 also had a mass spectrometric method that included methoxy and ethylene in the spectrum.

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the PEG chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting CARBOWAX MPEG 550 with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.
A poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a methyl group at one end.

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Fp: 268 °C
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
Form: semisolid
Color: White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.094
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX MPEG 550 (9004-74-4)

Applications
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 of with an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is a polymer of ethylene oxide hydrolysate.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is non-toxic and non-irritating and is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
Low-molecular-weight CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is relatively more toxic.
Taken together, glycols have relatively low toxicity.
Topical application of CARBOWAX MPEG 550, especially mucosal administration, can cause irritation and pain.
In the topical lotion, CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can increase the flexibility of the skin and has a moisturizing effect similar to glycerin.
High-dose oral CARBOWAX MPEG 550 can cause diarrhea.
In injections, the maximum concentration of CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is about 30% (V/V), and hemolysis may occur if the concentration is greater than 40% (V/V).

CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used as enteric release coatings.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is also used for a series of polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
CARBOWAX MPEG 550 acts as a solvent for brake fluids.
Further, CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in the building materials industry and raw material for cement water reducing agent and strengthening agent.
In addition to this, CARBOWAX MPEG 550 is used in surfactants, polyester and polyurethane based paints.

Synonyms
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 750 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 5000 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 550 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 350 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1900 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
METHOXY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Methoxypolyethylene glycols
CARBOWAX MPEG 750
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is methoxy PEG-16-based plasticizer.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.

CAS: 9004-74-4
MF: C5H12O3
MW: 120.14698
EINECS: 618-394-3

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 maintains wet-tack strength.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is a PEG linker containing a hydroxyl group.
The hydroxyl group enables further derivatization or replacement with other reactive functional groups.
The hydrophilic CARBOWAX MPEG 750 spacer increases solubility in aqueous media.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is a Polyethylene glycol (PEG) macromer with a reactive chain end consisting of methyl ether.
Etherification of the CARBOWAX MPEG 750 chain ends can be undertaken in basic conditions by reacting it with alkyl halides.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 can undergo cross linking to form hydrogels; polymerization can be initiated by redox reaction or free radical initiator.

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is a monomethylated polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 2,400 Da.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 has a hydrophobic character and is soluble in organic solvents.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 can be used as an additive in pharmaceutical formulations to improve stability, solubility, and drug absorption.
The ionisation mass of CARBOWAX MPEG 750 was determined by electrospray ionisation (ESI) and spectrometric methods.
The hydrophilic character of CARBOWAX MPEG 750 was confirmed by its ability to form emulsions when combined with water extracts.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 also had a mass spectrometric method that included methoxy and ethylene in the spectrum.

CARBOWAX MPEG 750 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 60-64 °C
Boiling point: >200°C/760mmHg
Density: 1.094 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.459
Fp: 268 °C
Storage temp.: -20°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 25 °C, clear, colorless
Form: semisolid
Color: White to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.094
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Slightly miscible with water.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
InChIKey: XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.800 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX MPEG 750 (9004-74-4)

Uses
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 has been used in a study to assess the synthesis of a new class of thermosensitive micellar cyclotriphosphazenes.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 has also been used in a study to investigate synthesis of a new amphiphilic poly(organophosphazene) by stepwise nucleophilic substitution.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 of with an average molecular mass of 350.
CARBOWAX MPEG 750 is used in various applications such as micelles for drug delivery as well as in modifications of therapeutic proteins to improve their pharmacokinetics.

Synonyms
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-methyl-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 750 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 5000 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 550 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 350 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
ETHYLENE GLYCOL 1900 MONOMETHYL ETHER POLYMER
METHOXY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 750
Methoxypolyethylene glycols
Methoxy PEG-16
89ES36762B
CARBOWAX MPEG 750
MPEG-16
PEG-16 METHYL ETHER
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER (MW 750)
CARBOWAX PEG 1000

Carbowax PEG 1000, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 1000, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 1000 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a waxy, solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, emulsifying, and lubricating properties.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 1000 is commonly used as a solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations, enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as an emollient and thickening agent in cosmetics and personal care products, providing moisturizing and conditioning effects.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a binder and lubricant in tablet formulations, aiding in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical tablets.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the formulation of adhesives, improving flexibility and workability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a dispersing agent in textile auxiliaries, aiding in the dispersion and stability of dyes and pigments.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a solubilizer and emulsifier in food products, improving the stability and texture of formulations.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a thickening agent and stabilizer in dairy products, contributing to their smooth and creamy texture.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the formulation of coatings, improving flexibility and adhesion.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a viscosity modifier in various applications, improving flow properties and stability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed as a lubricant and release agent in the production of rubber and plastic products.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use in the formulation of printing inks, aiding in the dispersion and flow of pigments.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a humectant in the formulation of cosmetic products, helping to retain moisture in the skin.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a base material in the formulation of suppositories, aiding in their smooth insertion and dissolution.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a dispersing agent in ceramic processing, aiding in the uniform distribution of ceramic materials.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application in the formulation of paint strippers, assisting in the removal of paint coatings.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of liquid detergents and cleaning products, aiding in the solubilization and dispersion of ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed as a plasticizer in the production of polyurethane foams, improving their flexibility and resilience.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use in the formulation of industrial adhesives, enhancing their workability and bond strength.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a humectant and thickening agent in hair care products, providing moisture and texture enhancement.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of defoamers, aiding in the prevention of foam formation in various processes.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a lubricant and release agent in the production of molded plastics and rubber products.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is employed in the formulation of inkjet printer inks, aiding in the dispersion and stability of colorants.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use as a moisture barrier in the preservation of sensitive electronic components.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a plasticizer and binder in the production of ceramic bodies and refractory materials.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a dispersing agent in ceramic glaze formulations, aiding in the even distribution of glaze materials and improving their adhesion to ceramic surfaces.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant and release agent in the production of molded rubber products, facilitating the demolding process and improving surface finish.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the formulation of plastisols, enhancing their flexibility and workability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a solvent and carrier for active ingredients in the formulation of topical gels and creams.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a base material in the production of solid dispersions, improving the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a moisture barrier coating in the packaging of sensitive electronic components, protecting them from moisture-related damage.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of cold creams and lotions, providing emollient and skin-softening properties.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a plasticizer and lubricant in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, enhancing their flexibility and processability.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a defoaming agent in various industrial processes, helping to eliminate or control foam formation.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of water-based inks, providing improved pigment dispersion and print quality.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a stabilizer and emulsifier in the formulation of flavor emulsions and food additives.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of ceramic pastes and slurries, aiding in their rheological properties and enabling precise shaping and forming.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use as a lubricating agent in the production of metalworking fluids, improving machining performance and surface finish.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a dispersant and suspension agent in the formulation of ceramic glazes and suspensions, ensuring uniform distribution of particles.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of adhesive removers, aiding in the removal of adhesive residues from various surfaces.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a binder in the production of solid oral dosage forms, providing cohesive strength and tablet integrity.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a plasticizer and moisture barrier in the production of starch-based packaging materials, improving their flexibility and shelf life.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, providing efficient thermal conductivity and freeze/thaw protection.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a viscosity modifier in the formulation of paints and coatings, enhancing their flow properties and film formation.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a suspending agent in pharmaceutical suspensions, ensuring uniform distribution of particles and preventing sedimentation.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of printing pastes for textile applications, improving pigment dispersion and colorfastness.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the production of synthetic leather, enhancing its flexibility and softness.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant and mold release agent in the production of polymeric materials, improving their processability and surface quality.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of veterinary preparations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a plasticizer and binder in the production of solid rocket propellants, providing improved mechanical properties and burn characteristics.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a lubricant in the production of wire and cable coatings, reducing friction and improving electrical conductivity.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a plasticizer in the formulation of polymeric film coatings, enhancing their flexibility and adhesion to substrates.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a binder and stabilizer in the production of ceramic fibers and composites, improving their strength and durability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in the formulation of inkjet printer inks, aiding in the dispersion of colorants and ensuring high-quality prints.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a release agent in the production of molded plastics, facilitating the easy removal of plastic parts from molds.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a viscosity modifier in the formulation of drilling fluids, improving their flow properties and lubrication.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric sealants and caulks, enhancing their flexibility and adhesion.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a humectant in the formulation of skincare products, helping to retain moisture and prevent dryness.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a solubilizer in the formulation of veterinary medicines, aiding in the dispersion and bioavailability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the formulation of textile softeners, providing a soft and smooth feel to fabrics.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant and release agent in the production of rubber molds and gaskets, facilitating demolding and improving surface finish.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a dispersing agent in ceramic pigment formulations, ensuring uniform color distribution and vibrant shades.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric adhesives, improving flexibility and adhesive properties.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a carrier for fragrances in the formulation of air fresheners and scented products.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a mold release agent in the production of polyurethane foams, enabling easy removal of foamed products.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds application as a solubilizer in the formulation of dye solutions for textile dyeing and printing.

Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a lubricant in the production of ceramic cutting tools, reducing friction and improving tool life.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a plasticizer and binder in the production of castable polyurethane elastomers, improving their flexibility and strength.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a lubricant in the formulation of metalworking compounds, improving cutting performance and tool life.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a solubilizer and emulsifier in the formulation of flavor and fragrance concentrates.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a dispersing agent in the formulation of ceramic suspensions for 3D printing applications.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric membranes for water filtration systems, enhancing their flexibility and permeability.
Carbowax PEG 1000 serves as a binder and stabilizer in the production of ceramic catalyst supports, improving their mechanical strength and surface area.

Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized as a suspending agent in the formulation of agricultural pesticide suspensions, preventing settling and ensuring uniform application.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as a lubricant and coolant in metalworking processes such as grinding and cutting, reducing heat and improving surface finish.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 1000, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 1000, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 1000 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1000 is a waxy, solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, emulsifying, and lubricating properties.

Carbowax PEG 1000 finds applications in pharmaceuticals as a solubilizer and emulsifier.
Carbowax PEG 1000 enhances the solubility and stability of active ingredients in various formulations, including oral solutions, suspensions, and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 1000 also serves as a lubricant and binder in tablet formulations.

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Carbowax PEG 1000 is used as an emollient and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1000 provides moisturizing and conditioning effects in products such as creams, lotions, and hair care formulations.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 1000 is utilized in industrial applications as a lubricant, plasticizer, and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 1000 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its properties allow for improved flow, workability, and dispersion of substances.

In addition, Carbowax PEG 1000 is used in the food industry as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1000 aids in the formulation of food products such as baked goods, confectionery, and dairy products.
Overall, Carbowax PEG 1000 is a versatile compound with a range of applications, primarily in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, industrial processes, and the food industry.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 44 to 45.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 1000 g/mol.
Physical State: Solid waxy substance at room temperature.
Color: Colorless to white.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, ethanol, and many organic solvents.
Melting Point: Approximately 35 - 40 °C (95 - 104 °F).
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling.
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid substance).
Density: Approximately 1.08 - 1.09 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: Negligible.
Vapor Density: Not applicable (solid substance).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents and many substances.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Negligible.
Surface Tension: Approximately 34 - 37 mN/m at 20 °C (68 °F).
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.46 - 1.47 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Dielectric Constant: Approximately 19 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Heat Capacity: Approximately 2.2 - 2.4 J/g·°C.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of pH levels.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbowax PEG 1000 dust or aerosol is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention and provide artificial respiration if necessary.
Administer oxygen if the person is experiencing severe respiratory distress.
Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing occur.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Rinse thoroughly to ensure complete removal of the substance.
If irritation or redness develops, apply a soothing cream or lotion to alleviate discomfort.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there are signs of more severe skin reactions such as rash or burns.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact with Carbowax PEG 1000, flush the eyes gently with clean, running water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so, but do not force their removal.
Seek immediate medical attention, ensuring to provide information about the substance and its exposure.


Ingestion:

If Carbowax PEG 1000 is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.
Rinse the mouth with water and give the affected person small sips of water to drink.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance and its ingestion.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling Carbowax PEG 1000 to avoid skin and eye contact.
Avoid inhalation of dust or aerosols.
If handling in dusty conditions, use respiratory protection such as a dust mask.
Handle the substance in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid contact with open flames, sparks, or other potential ignition sources, as Carbowax PEG 1000 is combustible.
Prevent the substance from coming into contact with strong oxidizing agents, which could cause hazardous reactions.
Use appropriate handling tools and equipment to minimize the generation of dust or aerosols during transfer or processing.
Practice good industrial hygiene by washing hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Carbowax PEG 1000.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance to prevent accidental ingestion.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 1000 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the substance in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and to preserve its properties.
Ensure proper labeling of containers with the substance name, batch number, and any relevant safety information.
Store Carbowax PEG 1000 away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals.
Separate Carbowax PEG 1000 from food, beverages, and feed to avoid accidental contamination.
Follow any specific storage temperature recommendations provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.

Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 1000 in areas prone to moisture or humidity to prevent clumping or degradation.
Keep the substance out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or accidental releases during storage.
Provide suitable containment, such as bunds or secondary containers, in case of container damage or leakage.
Store Carbowax PEG 1000 in a dedicated storage area, separate from incompatible materials and hazardous substances.
Regularly inspect containers for integrity and check for any signs of deterioration or damage.
Have appropriate spill response materials and equipment readily available in case of accidental spills or leaks.
Follow local regulations and guidelines for the proper disposal of empty containers and waste generated from Carbowax PEG 1000.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 1000
PEG 1000
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 1000
Polyethylene oxide 1000
Macrogol 1000
Carbowax 1000
Polyglycol 1000
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 monomethyl ether
PEG 1000 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 1000 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1000
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 1000
Carbowax MPEG 1000
Carbowax mPEG 1000
Carbowax PM1000
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 1000
Polyethylene glycol 1000 monostearate
PEG 1000 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 1000
PEG stearate 1000
Polyethylene Glycol 1000
PEG 1000
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 1000
Polyethylene oxide 1000
Macrogol 1000
Carbowax 1000
Polyglycol 1000
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 monomethyl ether
PEG 1000 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 1000 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1000
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 1000
Carbowax MPEG 1000
Carbowax mPEG 1000
Carbowax PM1000
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 1000
Polyethylene glycol 1000 monostearate
PEG 1000 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 1000
PEG stearate 1000
Polyethylene glycol ether 1000
PEG ether 1000
Polyethylene glycol derivative 1000
PEG derivative 1000
Carbowax PEG MW 1000
PEG 1000 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 10000
PEG 1000 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 1000
Carbowax MPEG 10000
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1000
PEG 1000 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 1000
CARBOWAX PEG 1450

Carbowax PEG 1450 is a solid, waxy substance with a molecular weight of approximately 1450 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a polyether compound with excellent solubility in water and many organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 1450 has a white to off-white color and is odorless.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a non-toxic and non-irritating substance, making it suitable for various applications.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 1450 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solubilizing agent for poorly water-soluble drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1450 enhances the solubility and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in oral and parenteral formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an emulsifier in pharmaceutical creams, ointments, and gels, aiding in the dispersion of oil and water phases.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized as a binder in tablet formulations, providing cohesiveness and tablet integrity.

Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a thickening agent in topical formulations, contributing to their viscosity and spreadability.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in controlled-release drug delivery systems, helping to modulate the release of drugs over time.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a stabilizer in liquid and semisolid formulations, preventing phase separation and improving product stability.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of suppositories, aiding in their softening and easy insertion.
Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a wetting agent in pharmaceutical suspensions, ensuring uniform distribution of particles and preventing settling.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a plasticizer in the formulation of transdermal patches, enhancing their flexibility and adhesion.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a carrier for active ingredients in topical and dermal drug delivery systems.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of oral solutions and suspensions, improving the palatability and solubility of drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a humectant in cosmetic and personal care products, providing moisture retention properties.

Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners, imparting a smooth and soft texture.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of creams, lotions, and moisturizers, delivering hydration and skin conditioning benefits.

Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a dispersing agent in cosmetic colorants and pigments, ensuring uniform dispersion and vibrant color expression.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a lubricant in personal lubricants and intimate care products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a solubilizer and emulsifier in cosmetic and fragrance formulations, aiding in the dispersion of oils and other hydrophobic ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 1450 finds use in the formulation of ophthalmic solutions and suspensions, improving the solubility and stability of ophthalmic drugs.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the production of mold-release agents for the manufacturing of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a thickening agent in dental formulations such as toothpaste and mouthwash, providing viscosity and texture enhancement.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of veterinary products, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an ingredient in wound healing and skincare products, contributing to their moisturizing and healing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the formulation of rectal suppositories, aiding in their softening and controlled release.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in compounding pharmacies for customized formulations of medications and personal care products.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as a stabilizer and dispersing agent in the formulation of food and beverage products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of food emulsions, improving the stability and texture of the final product.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a thickening agent in food products such as sauces, dressings, and desserts.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as a humectant in the food industry, helping to retain moisture and prevent food from drying out.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized as a coating material for food supplements, facilitating their ease of swallowing and improving taste.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds use in the production of encapsulated flavors and fragrances, ensuring their controlled release.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a processing aid in the food industry, aiding in the formation and stabilization of foams and whipped products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of edible films and coatings, extending the shelf life of fruits, vegetables, and confectionery.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of frozen desserts, preventing the formation of ice crystals and improving texture.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of beverage concentrates, aiding in the solubility and dispersibility of flavors and colors.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a clarifying agent in the production of fruit juices and wine, aiding in the removal of suspended particles.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a lubricant and release agent in the manufacturing of food processing equipment and molds.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the pet food industry as a binding agent, enhancing the consistency and palatability of pet food formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of veterinary products such as oral suspensions and gels, improving the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a carrier for nutritional supplements in animal feed formulations, aiding in their dispersion and absorption.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the production of agricultural pesticides and fertilizers as a solubilizing and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application as a humectant and binder in the formulation of plant growth regulators and horticultural products.
The compound is employed in the formulation of crop protection products, aiding in the dispersion and adhesion of active ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a component in biotechnology and cell culture media, providing osmotic balance and cell viability.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of veterinary vaccines, aiding in the stability and efficacy of vaccine formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of diagnostic kits and reagents for medical and research purposes.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of personal lubricants and intimate care products.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a dispersing agent and solubilizer in the production of agrochemical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of pharmaceutical creams and ointments, aiding in drug delivery and skin penetration.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the formulation of industrial and household cleaning products, providing emulsification and cleaning properties.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of personal care products such as body washes and shower gels, providing viscosity and mildness.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an emollient in skincare products, helping to moisturize and soften the skin.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of facial masks and patches, aiding in the delivery of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of hair styling products, providing conditioning and hold.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a film-forming agent in cosmetic products such as mascaras and eyeliners.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the production of nail polishes and nail care products, improving their adherence and gloss.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the formulation of bath and body oils, contributing to their luxurious texture and moisturizing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the production of sunscreens and sun care products, aiding in the dispersion and stability of UV filters.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a solubilizer in fragrance formulations, ensuring the proper dispersion of fragrance oils.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of oral care products such as toothpaste and mouthwash, providing viscosity and foaming properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application as a suspending agent in over-the-counter medications, ensuring uniform distribution of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the production of wound care products such as gels and dressings, providing a moist healing environment.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of personal hygiene products such as intimate washes and wipes, contributing to their mildness and effectiveness.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a binder in the production of fragrance sticks and solid air fresheners.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of antiperspirants and deodorants, aiding in the dispersion and efficacy of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of baby care products such as diaper creams and lotions, providing gentle and soothing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of shaving products such as shaving creams and gels, improving glide and moisturization.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a suspending agent in the production of colored cosmetics such as foundations and blushes, ensuring even color distribution.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of bath salts and bath bombs, aiding in their dissolution and release of fragrance.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of personal fragrance oils and roll-on perfumes, aiding in their dispersion and longevity.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in the formulation of foot care products such as foot creams and powders, providing moisturization and odor control.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a viscosity modifier in the production of body lotions and creams, ensuring desired texture and spreadability.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the formulation of male grooming products such as beard oils and balms, providing conditioning and softening effects.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application in the production of massage oils and creams, aiding in glide and moisturization during massages.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed in the formulation of natural and organic personal care products, serving as a versatile ingredient for various applications.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 1450 is a solid, waxy substance with a molecular weight of approximately 1450 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a polyether compound with excellent solubility in water and many organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 1450 has a white to off-white color and is odorless.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a non-toxic and non-irritating substance, making it suitable for various applications.

Carbowax PEG 1450 is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry for its solubilizing properties.
Carbowax PEG 1450 improves the solubility and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as an emulsifier, aiding in the dispersion of immiscible substances in pharmaceutical products.

Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a binder in tablet formulations, providing cohesiveness and tablet integrity.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as a thickening agent in topical formulations such as creams and ointments.

Carbowax PEG 1450 exhibits lubricating properties, making it useful in various industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is employed as a plasticizer, enhancing flexibility and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds application as a dispersing agent in adhesives and coatings, improving their consistency and flow.

Carbowax PEG 1450 serves as a stabilizer in cosmetic and personal care products, preventing phase separation.
Carbowax PEG 1450 acts as a moisturizing agent, providing hydration and softness to the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is compatible with a wide range of other substances, facilitating formulation development.

Carbowax PEG 1450 has a low vapor pressure, contributing to its stability and ease of handling.
Carbowax PEG 1450 exhibits good thermal stability, maintaining its properties over a wide temperature range.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is resistant to microbial degradation, ensuring product stability and shelf life.

Carbowax PEG 1450, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 1450, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 1450 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 1450 is a solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, emulsifying, and lubricating properties.

Carbowax PEG 1450 finds applications in the pharmaceutical industry as a solubilizer and emulsifier.
Carbowax PEG 1450 improves the solubility and stability of active ingredients in various formulations, including oral solutions, suspensions, and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 1450 also serves as a binder and lubricant in tablet formulations.

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Carbowax PEG 1450 is used as an emollient and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 provides moisturizing and conditioning effects in products such as creams, lotions, and hair care formulations.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 1450 is utilized in industrial applications as a lubricant, plasticizer, and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its properties allow for improved flow, workability, and dispersion of substances.

In addition, Carbowax PEG 1450 is used in the food industry as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickening agent.
Carbowax PEG 1450 aids in the formulation of food products such as baked goods, confectionery, and dairy products.
Overall, Carbowax PEG 1450 is a versatile compound with a range of applications, primarily in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, industrial processes, and the food industry.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 72 to 73.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 1450 g/mol.
Physical State: Solid waxy substance at room temperature.
Color: White to off-white.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and many organic solvents.
Melting Point: Approximately 44 - 47 °C (111 - 117 °F).
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling.
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid substance).
Density: Approximately 1.06 - 1.07 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: Negligible.
Vapor Density: Not applicable (solid substance).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents and many substances.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Negligible.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbowax PEG 1450 dust or aerosol is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
Provide artificial respiration if the person is not breathing and trained in the procedure.
Administer oxygen if the person is experiencing severe respiratory distress.
Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing occur.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Carbowax PEG 1450, remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Rinse thoroughly to ensure complete removal of the substance.
If irritation or redness develops, gently cleanse the area again and apply a soothing cream or lotion.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there are signs of more severe skin reactions such as rash or burns.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact with Carbowax PEG 1450, immediately flush the eyes with clean, gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easily removable, but do not force their removal.
Seek immediate medical attention, ensuring to provide information about the substance and its exposure.


Ingestion:

If Carbowax PEG 1450 is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.
Rinse the mouth with water and give the affected person small sips of water to drink.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance and its ingestion.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling Carbowax PEG 1450 to avoid skin and eye contact.
Avoid inhalation of dust or aerosols.
If handling in dusty conditions, use respiratory protection such as a dust mask.
Handle the substance in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoid contact with open flames, sparks, or other potential ignition sources, as Carbowax PEG 1450 is combustible.
Prevent the substance from coming into contact with strong oxidizing agents, which could cause hazardous reactions.
Use appropriate handling tools and equipment to minimize the generation of dust or aerosols during transfer or processing.
Practice good industrial hygiene by washing hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Carbowax PEG 1450.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance to prevent accidental ingestion.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 1450 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the substance in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and to preserve its properties.
Ensure proper labeling of containers with the substance name, batch number, and any relevant safety information.
Store Carbowax PEG 1450 away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals.
Separate Carbowax PEG 1450 from food, beverages, and feed to avoid accidental contamination.
Follow any specific storage temperature recommendations provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.

Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 1450 in areas prone to moisture or humidity to prevent clumping or degradation.
Keep the substance out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or accidental releases during storage.
Provide suitable containment, such as bunds or secondary containers, in case of container damage or leakage.
Store Carbowax PEG 1450 in a dedicated storage area, separate from incompatible materials and hazardous substances.
Regularly inspect containers for integrity and check for any signs of deterioration or damage.
Have appropriate spill response materials and equipment readily available in case of accidental spills or leaks.
Follow local regulations and guidelines for the proper disposal of empty containers and waste generated from Carbowax PEG 1450.
If necessary, consult with local authorities or waste management facilities for specific disposal requirements.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 1450
PEG 1450
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 1450
Polyethylene oxide 1450
Macrogol 1450
Carbowax 1450
Polyglycol 1450
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 1450
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 1450
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 1450
PEG 1450 monomethyl ether
PEG 1450 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 1450 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1450
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 1450
Carbowax MPEG 1450
Carbowax mPEG 1450
Carbowax PM1450
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1650
Carbowax WSR 1450
Polyethylene glycol 1450 monostearate
PEG 1450 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 1450
PEG stearate 1450
Carbowax PEG MW 1450
PEG 1450 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 1450
PEG 1450 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 1500
PEG 1450 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 1450
Carbowax MPEG 1500
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 1450
PEG 1450 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 1450
Carbowax PEG 1400
PEG 1450 monopropyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monopropyl ether 1450
Carbowax PEG 1600
PEG 1450 polyethylene oxide
Carbowax WSR 1450E
Carbowax PEG 1800
PEG 1450 monobenzyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monobenzyl ether 1450
Carbowax WSR 1450M
Carbowax PEG 1700
PEG 1450 monovinyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monovinyl ether 1450
Carbowax 1652

CARBOWAX PEG 200

Carbowax PEG 200 is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is an effective compound due to its ability to be relatively inert.
Carbowax PEG 200 is the product of the catalysed reaction between ethylene oxide and water.


CAS Number: 25322-68-3
EC Number: 500-038-2
Chemical Formula: H(0CH2CH2)nOH
Chemical Composition: Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs)


Carbowax PEG 200 is a condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water with the general formula H(OCH2CH2)nOH, where n is the average number of repeating oxyethylene groups typically from 4 to about 180.
Carbowax PEG 200 is suitable for paints and coatings.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a non-volatile solvent, release agent, lubricant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble also in many organic solvents including aromatic hydrocarbons (not aliphatic).
Carbowax PEG 200 is a yellowish wax-like solid at room temperature.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Carbowax PEG 200 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.
Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.


Working concentrations of Carbowax PEG 200 range from 13% to 40% (w/v).
Prepare the appropriate concentration by dissolving Carbowax PEG 200 in sterile H2O, warming if necessary.
Sterilize the solution by passing Carbowax PEG 200 through a 0.22-μm filter.


Carbowax PEG 200 stores the solution at room temperature.
Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
The solidification point of Carbowax PEG 200 is about 58 °C.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a non-volatile solvent, release agent, lubricant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 is specified according to the requirements of the main international ICH guidelines and monographs.
Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.


The physical and chemical properties of polyethylene glycols are mainly determined by the two hydroxyl end groups, the ether groups as well as the molecular weight.
Carbowax PEG 200 is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and usually nonirritating.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol liquid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is compatible with cellulose, rubber, polyester and polyurethane.
Carbowax PEG 200 is Suitable for use in papers, adhesives and sealants.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a water soluble linear polymer, formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide to an ethylene glycol equivalent.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a base in the formulation of soap sticks.
Carbowax PEG 200 has low glycol content and higher crystalinity.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a solid in powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a milled PEG excipient grade powder product, produced under IPEC GMP conditions.
Carbowax PEG 200 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.


On being incorporated into networks by crosslinking, Carbowax PEG 200 can have high water content, forming “hydrogels”.
Hydrogel formation can be initiated by either crosslinking it by ionizing radiation or by covalent crosslinking of Carbowax PEG 200 macromers with reactive chain ends.


Carbowax PEG 200 acts as a solvent and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.
Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.


Carbowax PEG 200 is the product of the catalysed reaction between ethylene oxide and water.
The polymerisation reaction is controlled so that the average molecular weight is in the range 190 – 210.
Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.


Carbowax PEG 200 has very low water content and outstanding toxicological safety.
Carbowax PEG 200 is compatible with hard water, cellulose, polyester, rubber, elastomer and polyurethane.
Carbowax PEG 200, at room temperature, is a clear, hygroscopic liquid, which possesses a characteristic low vapour pressure and excellent lubricity.


Carbowax PEG 200 shows typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols and a very low evaporation rate.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a yellow solid in fine powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 supports the homogeneous mixing with other materials within production.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water or ethanol, insoluble in ether.
The freezing point of Carbowax PEG 200 is 33~38°C.
Carbowax PEG 200, a hydrophilic polymer, is easily synthesized by the anionic ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide, into a range molecular weights and variety of end groups.


Carbowax PEG 200 is totally soluble in water and in most organic solvents except aliphatic hydrocarbons.
At high temperatures and in the presence of air Carbowax PEG 200 will undergo decomposition.
However, improved stability can be gained by the use of antioxidants.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water.
Carbowax PEG 200 is store at room temperature.
Carbowax PEG 200 is white granular.


The solution has high viscosity at low concentration, and Carbowax PEG 200 can be processed by calendering, extrusion, casting, etc.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a thermoplastic resin with good compatibility with other resins.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a water-soluble, waxy solid that is used extensively in the several industries.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol having white to off white color and available in solid flakes or powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 can blend with other PEG molecular weights to achieve the desired viscosity properties.
Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water, soluble in some organic solvents.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water (500 g/l at 20° C), aromatic hydrocarbons (very soluble), aliphatic hydrocarbons (slightly soluble), and organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 200 is suitable as a medium for the fusion of mammalian cells.


Carbowax PEG 200 has a wide range of uses including cell fusion for the formation of hybridomas, precipitation of DNA, and to create macromolecular crowding in solutions.
The molecular formula is expressed as HO(CH2CH2O)nH, where n represents the average number of oxyethylene groups.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a colorless or almost colorless viscous liquid, or a translucent waxy soft object; slightly odorless.
Carbowax PEG 200 is hygroscopic.
Carbowax PEG 200 is water soluble and also soluble in many organic solvents like aromatic hydrocarbons.


Carbowax PEG 200 is compatible with hard water, cellulose, polyester, rubber, elastomer and polyurethane.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a solid in powder form.
Carbowax PEG 200 is clear to white liquid


Carbowax PEG 200 stores in a tightly closed container.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol-based solvent, humectant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 possesses very low water content and good solubility in water.


Carbowax PEG 200 stores in a cool, dry area away from incompatible substances.
Resistant to bacterial erosion, moisture absorption in the atmosphere is weak.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a mixture of ethylene oxide and water polycondensation.


Carbowax PEG 200 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Carbowax PEG 200 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as water-soluble lubricants for rubber molds, textiles, metalworking, and ceramics production.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as Solvent / Humectant / Plasticizer: Paper, wood, cellulose films, inks, paints, coatings, adhesives, and sealants, concrete.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as Release agent: Lubricant mould release agent for rubber and elastomer processing, lubricant formulations, metal working fluids.


Carbowax PEG 200 is also used in food packaging, water-based paints, polishes, paper coatings, ointments, suppositories, dispersing agents, and chemical intermediates.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used Washing powders and tabs, Dissolving aids, Tabletting and granulation auxiliaries, Binding agents, and Toilet blocks.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used as Reactant: Reactive diol/polyether component in polyester or polyurethane resins
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as lubricant and coolant in rubber and metal processing industry, dispersant and emulsifier in pesticide and pigment industry production.


Carbowax PEG 200 is also used as a fusogen (induces cell hybridization) to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used a lubricant in Cleaning, Textile Industry, and Metal cleaning
Carbowax PEG 200 has been shown to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides for enhanced solubility.


Carbowax PEG 200 is vastly used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used Binder for ceramics, Component of auxiliaries for fiber, textile and leather processing, and Heat transfer medium.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used within many formulations, including: cleaners, detergents, soaps, defoaming, and coupling agents.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as matrix in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry to regulate viscosity and melting point.
Carbowax (PEG200) is also used as a humectant (ceramics), solvent, lubricant, and viscosity modifier.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a suitable compound with a wide scope in biological applications since Polyethylene glycol 8000 does not elicit any immune responses.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol-based solvent, humectant and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 200 possesses very low water content and good solubility in water.


Carbowax PEG 200 is frequently found as a dye carrier in paints and inks, as a heat transfer fluid.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used Hair Conditioner, Cleaning Agent, Bath Oils, Tablets & Salts, Hair Styling Products, Detanglers, Antiperspirants & Deodorants, Anti-Aging Products, Cosmetics, Detergents in the form of tablets, Production of packaging, Metalworking, Construction industry, Textile industry,

Processing of plastics and elastomers, Production of ceramics, and Coatings.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used dimensional stabilizer in wood working operations.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as antistatic agent and lubricant in textile industry.


Carbowax PEG 200 is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also a secure carrier.
Carbowax PEG 200 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used dye carrier in paints and inks.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used heat transfer fluid formulation and defoamer formulations.
Research or further manufacturing, Carbowax PEG 200 is used only, not for food or drug use.


Carbowax PEG 200 is widely used as a mould release agents and lubricants for rubber industry.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used to preserve objects that have been retrieved from the ocean.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used low volatilie, water soluble, and noncorrosive lubricant without staining residue in food and package process.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also a secure carrier.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
Carbowax PEG 200 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Carbowax PEG 200 is also used to precipitate bacteriophage from lysed cell supernatants.


In gas chromatography, Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used paper coating for antisticking, color stabilizing, good gloss and free flow in calendering operations.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used plasticizer to increase lubricity and to impart a humectant property in ceramic mass, adhesives and binders.


In fabricating elastomers, Carbowax PEG 200 can be used as a lubricant and mold releasing agent.
In pharmaceuticals, Carbowax PEG 200 can function as a tablet and capsule lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance it's solubility.


In pharmaceutical industry, Carbowax PEG 200 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as a solvent (solvent) or a conductor (carrier) in all kinds of cosmetics.
Additionally, photopolymerized Carbowax PEG 200 hydrogels have emerging applications in the fabrication of bioactive and immune-isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.


Carbowax PEG 200's high molecular weight mainly prompts it's use in pharmaceutical formulations as solvent for oral, topical and parenteral preparations.
Carbowax PEG 200 that has wide application ranging from industrial manufacturing and medicine.
Carbowax PEG 200 is generally used in the precipitation of phage.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used softener and antistatic agent for textiles Soldering fluxes with good spreading property.
Carbowax PEG 200 is non-toxic, odorless, neutral, lubricating, nonvolatile and nonirritating and is used in a variety of pharmaceuticals and in medications as a solven, dispensing agent, ointment and suppository bases, vehicle, and tablet excipient.


Also known as PEG200, and Polyethylene Glycol 200, Carbowax PEG 200 is a commodity chemical that has a variety of hobbyist and industry uses across the United States.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used to make emulsifying agents and detergents and as plasticizers, humectants, and water-soluble textile lubricants.


Carbowax PEG 200 can be easily applied and removed since they are water-soluble.
Carbowax PEG 200 are also used as binder and dry lubricant for manufacturer of pills and tablets for certain pharmaceutical products.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used a wide range of chain lengths to provide identical physical and chemical properties for the proper application selections directly or indirectly in the field of; Alkyd and polyester resin preparation to enhance water dispersability and water-based coatings.


Carbowax PEG 200 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
Carbowax PEG 200, NF acts as a lubricant, coating the surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used antidusting agent in agricultural formulations.


Carbowax PEG 200 is used brightening effect and adhesion enhance in electroplating and electroplating process.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used cleaners, detergents and soaps with low volatility and low toxicity solvent properties.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used coupling agent, humectant, solvent and lubricant in cosmetics and personal care bases.


Carbowax PEG 200 offers attractive solubility properties, is hygroscopic, enables viscosity profile design, can undergo reactions typical of alcohols and shows wide vapor pressure and melting or freezing range.
Carbowax PEG 200 are produced to meet the requirements for use under Food Additive Regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.


Crystallization grade Carbowax PEG 200 for formulating screens or for optimization.
Carbowax PEG 200 is suitable for humectants, inks, paper coatings and latex paints.
Carbowax PEG 200 complies with FDA regulation.


Carbowax PEG 200 can act as lubricant, binder and modifier.
Carbowax PEG 200 is used as PVC lubricant, masterbatch additive, textile softener, pigment dispersant, etc
Carbowax PEG 200 is often used as a polar stationary phase for Gas Chromatorgraphy.


Carbowax PEG 200 is commonly also used in mass spec experiments.
As a dispersant, Carbowax PEG 200 is used in toothpastes.
Carbowax PEG 200 has a variety of uses but it can be especially useful for certain commonly used procedures in electron microscopy.


Carbowax PEG 200 does not hydrolyze or deteriorate on storage.
And Carbowax PEG 200 will not support the growth of molds (so far as we know).
Recommended use of Carbowax PEG 200 and restrictions on use


Identified uses: Carbowax PEG 200 is used Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances, Adhesives, Ceramic Binder, Chemical Intermediates, Detergents and Household Cleaners, Dye Carrier, Lubricants, Mining, Mold Release Agent, Plasticizer, Wood Treating, Rubber, Textile, Paper, Metal, Wood, Pharmaceutical, Cosmetics, and Coating.


For the Carbowax PEG 200, a partial list of applications include automotive products, household products packaging products,petroleum chemicals, plastics, inks, coatings, adhesives, chemical intermediates, rubber processing, lubricants, metalworking fluids, mold release
agents, ceramics, and wood treating.


As Carbowax PEG 200 contains two terminal hydroxyl groups it can be used in polyurethane and esterification reactions.
Applications Carbowax PEG 200 can be used in many applications including printing inks, ceramic and glass production, the treatment of paper, lubricant base, fatty acid ester manufacture, textile conditioner, as a formulation aid in the detergent industry and in the production of polyurethane prepolymers.


-Carbowax PEG 200 is used:
*Adhesives
*Agriculture
*Ceramics
*Inks
*Lubricants
*Soap & Detergents
*Personal Care


-The kinetic of the ligation in the cloning of DNA-fragments into bacteriophage M13-vectors can be improved by the inclusion of 5% Carbowax PEG 200.
Especially for the cloning with 'blunt-ended' DNA, the concentration of 'blunt'-DNA-ends plays a crucial role for the successful cloning.
Substances, that increase the so-called 'macromolecular crowding' and condense DNA molecules into aggregates, concentrate the

DNA and increase the possibility, that DNA ends will meet and thereby improve the cloning result.
So, the DNA and enzyme concentration can be reduced.
Besides, such substances reduce the intramolecular ligation (religation).

For 'blunt end' cloning the recommended Polyethylene glycol 8000 concentration is 15%.
Stock solutions of Carbowax PEG 200 (40%) are prepared with deionized water and stored at -20°C in small aliquots.


-Uses of Carbowax PEG 200:
*Lubricants
*Adhesives
*Antistatic agent and humectant
*Chemical intermediates
*Inks and dye carrier
*Mold release agent
*Plasticizer
*Silver polish
*Leather
*Vinyl care
*Antifog
*Glass cleaner
*Powder and liquid detergents


-Carbowax PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol that is used for a wide variety of applications including:
*Reactive diol/polyether component in polyester or polyurethene resins
*Component of auxiliaries for leather and textile processing
*Cosmetic / pharmaceutical formulations (e.g. humectant or solubilizer for creams, shampoos, tooth paste)
*Lubricant and mould release agent for rubber, plastic and elastomer processing
*Plasticizer and binder for ceramic and concrete manufacturing
*Component of lubricant formulations
*Water soluble, lubricating component in metalworking fluids
*Humectant for paper, wood and cellulose films
*Solvent and humectant for dyes and inks
*Modifier for production of regenerated viscoses
*Humectant and plasticizer for adhesives.


-Carbowax PEG 200 is used:
∞ Adhesives
∞ Lubricants
∞ Agriculture
∞ Mold Release Agent
∞ Chemical Intermediates
∞ Plasticizer
∞ Inks


-Carbowax PEG 200 resins are high molecular weight homopolymers of ethylene oxide via heterogeneously catalyzed ring-opening polymerization.
Usually can be divided into the relative molecular mass of 2 × 1 04 above and tens of thousands of above, the former is called polyethylene glycol, the latter is called polyethylene oxide.

Polyethylene oxide with flocculation, thickening, slow release, lubrication, dispersion, retention, water retention and other properties, suitable for medicine, fertilizer, paper, ceramics, detergents, cosmetics, heat treatment, water treatment, fire, oil exploitation and other industries, the product is non-toxic and non-irritating, and will not remain, deposit or breed volatile matter in the process of product generation.

As a papermaking additive, the retention rate of the filler and the fine fiber can be improved, and the dispersant is particularly suitable for the long fiber, and the beating time can be shortened.



BENEFITS OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
*Completely soluble in water
*Molecularly stable and non-volatile
*Excellent hygroscopicity
*Low toxicity
*High lubricity and solvency
*Good solubility in water
*Very low water content
*Compatible with hard water
*Non-volatile
*Outstanding toxicological safety



FUNCTION OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
*Is a polymer with cleansing, emulsifying, and solvent action.
*Carbowax PEG 200 is often found in cleansing products for face, body, and hair.



CHARACTERISTIC OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
. Highly compatible to various kinds of organic compounds.
. High boiling point.
. Easy control of the degree of condensation.
. Controllable hygroscopic property.
. Less toxicity, PEG is characterized by less toxicity and less skin irritation.
. There is no damage in case of contact with skin or lips.



FUNCTION of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Binder
-Carrier
-Anti-Static Agent
-Moisturizing Agent
-Humectant
-Plasticizer
-Solvent
-Solubilizer
-Slip Agent
-Viscosity Modifier



PRODUCT TYPE OF CARBOWAX PEG 200:
*Lubricants
*Humectants
*Plasticizers
*Solvents > Glycols & Glycol Ethers > Ethylene Glycols
*Lubricants / Waxes
*Other Additives for Liquid Systems > Solvents > Glycols
*Release Agents



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
Molecular Weight: 190 - 210 g/mol
pH-5% in aq @ 25°C: 4.5 - 7.5 pH
Color: 25 max PtCo
Water: 0.5 max wt%
Acidity, as Acetic Acid: 0.02 max wt%
Viscosity @ 210 °F (99°C): 4.0 - 4.8 cSt
Physical State: Liquid
Odour: None / mild
Boiling Point: > 200 (decompose) °C
Melting Point: -65 °C
Solubility in Water: @ 20 °C 100 wt%
Chemical Formula: H(0CH2CH2)nOH
CAS#: 25322-68-3
Formula Weight: Not available
RTECS#: TQ3500000
Apperance: Liquid
Color: Clear
Odor: Mild
Boiling Point: 98.89° C / 210° F
Melting Point: Not available
Specific Gravity (H2O = 1): 1.12
Solubility in Water: 100% by weight

Molecular Formula: N/A
Density: 1.27g/mLat 25°C
Melting Point: 64-66°C
Boling Point: >250°C
Flash Point: 270 °C
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Solubility: Slightly hygroscopic.
It melts easily when heated.
Soluble in water and ethanol
Vapor Presure: Vapor Density: >1 (vs air)
Appearance: waxy solid
Specific Gravity: 1.128
Color: White to very pale yellow
Maximum wavelength(λmax): ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6',
, 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3']
Merck: 14,7568
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.469
MDL: MFCD00081839
Density: 1.125
melting point: -65°C
refractive index: 1.458-1.461
flash point: 171°C



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Take up dry.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Stored at room temperature.
But close the lid of the bottle tightly.
The product has a shelf life of at least 2 years.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOWAX PEG 200:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions: No data available



SYNONYMS:
1,11-DIHYDROXY-3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANE
2,2'-(OXYBIS(2,1-ETHANEDIYLOXY))BISETHANOL
CARBOWAX PEG 200
HI-DRY
LIPO POLYGLYCOL 200
LUMULSE PEG 200
MACROGOL 200
NSC-1262
PEG 200
P EG- 4
PEG-4 [INCI]
PLURACARE E 200
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 [II]
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 [USP-RS]
POLYGLYKOL 200
SABOPEG 200
TEG
TETRAETHYLENE GLYCOL
TETRAGLYCOL
TOHO PEG NO. 200
UNIPEG-200 X
UPIWAX 200
Polyethylene Glycol 200
PEG 200
PEG-200
R95B8J264J
203-989-9
MACROGOL 200
polyox FRA
1,11-DIHYDROXY-3,6,9-TRIOXAUNDECANE
1,2-ETHANEDIOL, HOMOPOLYMER
1660O
1660S
ALKOX
ALKOX E 30
ALPHA-HYDRO-OMEGA-HYDROXYPOLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL)POLYOXYETHYLENEDIOL)
CARBOWAX E 9000
CARBOWAX PEG 200
CBP 20
CERASOL 250A
CHEMIOX E 20(C)
DB-WAX
DECUFLUX RM 33
DESMOPHEN L 1208
E 1450NF
E 200 (POLYGLYCOL)
E 400NF
EMKAPOL 150
EMKAPOL 200
ETHYLENE OXIDE, HOMOPOLYMER
ETHYLENE POLYOXIDE
GAFANOL E 300
GENOPLAST 200
IW (DISPERSANT)
KLEANPREP
LAPROL 1001
LAPROL 402
LINEARTOP P
LIPO POLYGLYCOL 200
LUMULSE PEG 200
LUTROL 9
M 9000
MACOL E 300
MACROGOL 400R
MICROSOLV PEG 100
NOPCOFLOC 310
NSC-1262
OEG
OEG 100
OEG 2000
OEG 300
OXIDE A
OXIDE WAX A
OXIRANE, HOMOPOLYMER
P 300 (POLYOXYALKYLENE)
PE 68
PE 68 (POLYOL)
PEG (POLYGLYCOL)
PEG 115
PEG 20000
PEG 2M
PEG 35
PEG 4
PEG 4000N
PEG 4600
PEG 5000
PEG 6
PEG 6000S
PEG 75
PEO 1
PEO 10
PEO 100
PEO 15
PEO 16
PEO 18
PEO 3
PEO 5000
PEO 8
PEOPO-A
PLASTIGEN PR 8086
PLURACARE E 200
PLURACOL E 300
PLURACOL E 4600
PLURIOL 9000
PLURIOL E
PLURIOL E 2000
PLURIOL E 300
PLURIOL E 9000
POLIKOL
POLIKOL 1600
POLIKOL 300
POLIKOL 3T
POLY(ETHYLENE ETHER) GLYCOL
POLY(OXYETHYLENE) GLYCOL
POLY(VINYL OXIDE)
POLYDIOL 1550
POLYDIOL 200
POLYDIOL 300
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 (II)
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 200 (USP-RS)
POLYGLYCOL 12000
POLYGLYCOL 300
POLYGLYKOL 200
POLYGOL
POLYHYDROXYETHYLENE
POLYOX (POLYGLYCOL)
POLYOX 1
POLYOX 100
POLYOX 30
POLYOX 303
POLYOX 309
POLYOX 600K
POLYOX COAGULANT
POLYOX N 10
POLYOX N 12K
POLYOX N 3000
POLYOX N 60K
POLYOX N 750
POLYOX N 78
POLYOX N 80
POLYOX OF 50
POLYOX UCARFLOC 309
POLYOX WRN 3000
POLYOX WRPA 3154
POLYOX WSR
POLYOX WSR 1105
POLYOX WSR 205
POLYOX WSR 303
POLYOX WSR 31
POLYOX WSR 35
POLYOX WSR 700
POLYOX WSR 80
POLYOX WSR-FRA
POLYOX WSR-N 10
POLYOX WSR-N 12K
POLYOX WSR-N 205
POLYOX WSR-N 3000
POLYOX WSR-N 301
POLYOX WSR-N 303
POLYOX WSR-N 3333
POLYOX WSR-N 60K
POLYOX WSR-N 750
POLYOX WSR-N 78
POLYOX WSR-N 80
POLYOX WSR-N 80-1001C
POLYOXYALKYLENES, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL
POLYOXYDIN
POLYOXYETHYLENEDIOL
POLYWAX 12000
POLYWAX 20000
POSTONAL
PT-C 300ZT
PT-T 8-200DL
REXOL P 2002
SABOPEG 200
SOLBASE
SS 70
ST 836
SUPEROX 0.1
SUPEROX 0.6
SUPEROX 4
SUPEROX 5
SURFONYL
SWASCONOL D 60
SWASCONOL D 80
TEISAN Z 75
TENZILIN 200
TENZILIN 300
TOHO PEG NO. 200
U 100 (POLYGLYCOL)
UCAR 4C
UCARFLOC
ULTRAFLOC 309
UNIPEG-200 X
UPIWAX 200
VITERRA 2 HYDROGEL
WSR 205
WSR 301
WSR 35
WSR-N 10
WSR-N 3000
WSR-N 750
WSR-N COAG
ZUSOPLAST 9002
PEO
PEG
PEG 600
PEG 200
PEG 400
macrogol
carbowax
PEG 6000
PEG 8000
PEG 1000
Carmowax
alcoxe30
Alcox E 30
Alcox E 160
Aquacide III
PEG 200-8000
poly(oxyethylene)
Polyethyleneglycol
Polyethylene glycol
PolyethyleneoxideMW
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glygcol
Poly(ethylene oxide)
Poly ethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethylene glycol PEG
Polyethylene glycol series
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
Polyethylene Glycol 5000000
PEG 6000, MB Grade (1.12033)
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
Polyethylene glycol - 6000 grade
Tri-(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate
polyethylene oxide standard 511000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
O-Methacryloxy(polyethyleneoxy)trimethylsilane
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1
Polyethyleneoxidemonomethacryloxymonotrimethylsiloxyterminated
PEG-2M
alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
carbowax 200
Carbowax PEG 400
Carbowax PEG 8000
emkapol 200
Ethoxylated 1,2-ethanediol
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
gafanol e 200
Macrogol
PEG
PEG 1000
PEG 200
pluriol e 200
polydiol 200
Polyethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol) 100
Poly(ethylene glycol) 1000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 10000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 1500
Poly(ethylene glycol) 200
Poly(ethylene glycol) 2000
Polyethylene glycol 20,000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 300
Poly(ethylene glycol) 3400
Polyethylene glycol 400
Poly(ethylene glycol) 4000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 600
Poly(ethylene glycol) 6000
Polyethylene Glycol 8000
Poly(ethylene glycol) 900
polyethylene glycols
Polyethylene gylcol
Poly Ethylene Oxide
Polyglycol 1000
Polyox WSR-301
Polyoxyethlene
Polyoxyethylene
Polyoxyethylene 1000
Polyoxyethylene ether
1,2-Ethanediol homopolymer
Alcox E 30
Alkox E 100
Alkox E 130
Alkox E 160
Alkox E 240
Alkox E 45
Alkox E 60
Alkox E 75
Alkox R 1000
Alkox R 15
Alkox R 150
Alkox R 400
Alkox SR
Antarox E 4000
Aquacide III
Aquaffin
Atpeg 300
BDH 301
Badimol
Bradsyn PEG
Breox 2000
Breox 20M
Breox 4000
Breox 550
Breox PEG 300
CAFO 154; Carbowax
Carbowax 100
Carbowax 1000
Carbowax 1350
Carbowax 14000
Carbowax 1500
Carbowax 20
Carbowax 200
Carbowax 20000
Carbowax 25000
Carbowax 300
Carbowax 3350
Carbowax 400
Carbowax 4000
Carbowax 4500
Carbowax 4600
Carbowax 600
Carbowax Sentry
DD 3002
Deactivator H
Emkapol 4200
Ethoxylated 1,2-ethanediol
Ethylene glycol homopolymer
Ethylene glycol polymer
Gafanol E 200
Glycols, polyethylene
HM 500
Lutrol
Macrogol
Merpol OJ
Miralax
Modopeg
Nosilen
Nycoline
Oxide Wax AOxyethylene polymer
PEG
PEG 3350
PEG 400
PEG 4000
PEG 6000DS
Pluracol E
Pluracol E 400, E 600, E 1450
Pluriol E 200
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl, alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxy-
Poly-G
Poly-G600
Polyoxyethylene ether
alpha-Hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
alpha-Hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-hydroxy-
Glycols, polyethylene
Ethylene oxide, homopolymer
Oxide Wax AN
Oxide Wax A
Polyox WSR 301
Polyethylene glycol
Bradsyn PEG
Carbowax 6000
polyethylene oxide
Poly(ethylene ether) glycol
DD 3002
Carbowax 4000
Polyox (polyglycol)
Poly-G 600
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol
polyox
Carbowax 100
Carbowax 600
Ethylene glycol polymer
Ethylene oxide polymer
Gafanol E 200
Gafanol E 300
PEG
PEG 6000
postonal
WSR 35
PEO 18
WSR 205
Emkapol 4200
Carbowax E 9000
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax 200
Carbowax 300
Ethylene glycol homopolymer
macrogol
Oxyethylene polymer
PEG 400
PEO 10
PEO 16
Polyox WSR 205
α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)
α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
WSR 301
Polyox WSR 31
Carbowax 1000
PEG 600
Polyox WSR-N 80
Polydiol 200
Polyox FRA
nycoline
solbase
Polyox 30
Polyox WSR-N 750
Polyglycol 6000
Polyglycol 12000
Macrogol 6000
Ethylene polyoxide
Polyglycol 600
Carbowax 1500
Polyox WSR
PEG 1000
Polyglycol 4000
WSR-N 3000
Polyox WSR 1105
Polyox Coagulant
Emkapol 150
Emkapol 200
PEG 20000
Polyox WSR-N 60
Polyox 100
modopeg
Polyox WSR-N 10
Polyox WSR-N 3000
aquaffin
Swasconol D 60
Swasconool D 80
HM 500
Plasticine PR 8086
Deactivator H
Polyox 1
PEG 4
PEG 75
Poly(vinyl oxide)
PEG 2M
PEG 6
Ucar 4C
Oxirane, homopolymer
Polyox WSR 35
Nosilen
Polyoxyethylenediol
WSR-N 10
Pluriol E 200
Pluriol E 300
Pluriol E 400
Pluriol E 800
Pluriol E 4000
Pluriol E 9000
Pluriol E
Polyox WSR-FRA
Oxirane polymer
Carbowax 20
WSR-N Coag
WSR-N 750
M 9000
Polyhydroxyethylene
Teisan Z 75
α,ω-Hydroxypoly(ethylene oxide)
ENT 1000
PEG 35
Laprol 402
E 1000
E 1000 (polyglycol)
Lineartop P
Modopeg 4000
Chemiox E 20(C)
Superox 4
Macrogol 400
Superox
Superox 5
Superox 0.1
Superox 0.6
Polywax 6000
Lutrol 9
PEO 100
alkox
Polycol 1500
Polycol 3T
PEG 115
Viterra 2 Hydrogel
Carbowax 14000
PEG (polyglycol)
PEO
Polywax 12000
Lutrol E 400
Polydiol 400
Nopcofloc 310
Oxide A
Polycol 400
Polycol 600
Laprol 1001
Polycol 300
ST 836
E 6000
E 200
Discount 200
Discount 300
Tenzilin 400
PEG 4000
Genoplast 200
Polyox WSR-N 301
Carbowax 3350
E 200 (polyglycol)
polycol
Polyox WSR 80
GPE 400
GPE 1000
Carbowax 8000
Carbowax
PEO 3
Breox 4000
Rexol P 2002
Pluriol E 600
Pluriol E 6000
E 400
PEG 300
Breox 550
Macrogol 1500
Breox 20M
Lutrol E 4000
badymol
PEOPO-A
Aquacide III
Pluracol E 8000
Alcox R 400
E 3350
E 4500
E 8000
1,2-Ethanediol, homopolymer
Carbowax 400
Polydiol 1550
Alkox E 30
Carbowax 1350
Zusoplast 9002
Pluriol E 1500
PEG 3350
Macrogol 600
Macrogol 1540
Macrogol 200
Macrogol 300
Macrogol 4000
G 3350
U 100 (polyglycol)
U 100
Polyglycol 300
FPR
PEO 8
R 400
Polyox WSR-N 80-1001C
E 400NF
DB-WAX
Polyox WSR 700
Carbowax 4500
PEG 6000S
PEG 2000
Breox PEG 300
Pluriol E 1000
Macrogol 1000
Alkox R 1000
Alkox E 60
Polyox N 12K
E 1450NF
E 4500 (polymer)
PEG 8000
Alkox R 400
PEG 5000
Alkox R 150
Alkox E 75
IW (dispersant)
IW
Pluriol 9000
Polyox OF 50
Polyoxyalkylenes, polyethylene glycol
Polyox WSR-N 3333
Polywax 20000
P 300 (polyoxyalkylene)
P 300
PEG 12000
CBP 20
Pluracol E 400
Polyox WRPA 3154
OEG 300
OEG 100
OEG 600
OEG 1000
OEG 2000
OEG
Ucarfloc
PEO 15
Polyox WRN 3000
PEG 11000
PEO 1
1660S
1660O
Carbowax 20000
polygol
Carbowax 4600
Polyox WSR-N 12K
Polyox WSR-N 60K
Polyox WSR Coagulant
Polyox Ucarfloc 309
Polyox N 750
Gligogum 4000
Pluracol E 4000
PEO 5000
Polycol 1600
Pluracol E 300
Alkox E 160
Pluracol E 600
Alkox E 240
Alkox R 15
Alkox E 130
Alkox E 45
Alkox E 100
PE 4000
Macrogol 400R
Voranol E 400
Decuflux RM 33
Pluracol E 4600
Polyox 309
Polyox WSR-N 205
E 600
Ultrafloc 309
Polyox 303
SS 70
Polyox N 78
Polyox N 80
PT-C 300ZT
PT-T 8-200DL
PEG 200
Polyoxydin
Desmophen L 1208
polyosm
BDH 301
Breox 2000
PEO 400
Cerasol 250A
Polyox N 3000
Polyox N 10
Polyox WSR 303
Polyox WSR-N 303
Carbowax 25000
Polyox WSR-N 78
Polyox 600K
PEG 4000N
CAFO 154
Antarox E4000
PE 68
PE 68 (polyol)
Microsolv PEG 100
PEG 4600
Polyox N 60K
Polydiol 300
Macol E 300
Polyglycol 400
Pluriol E 900
Pluriol E 2000
PEG 1500
Lutrol E 6000
CleanPrep
Carbowax PEG 300
Rhodasurf E 400
Rhodasurf E 600
Rhodasurf E 1000
Fomrez PEG 1000L
Polyox WSR 301
Lipoxol 3000
Lipoxol 6000
Lipoxol 12000
PE 1 (polyether)
PE 2 (polyether)
PE 1
PE 2
Ucarfloc 304
Alkox SR
E 30
Polyox WSR-N 1105
KPEG 6000
PEO 27
PEG 15000
Ucarfloc WSR 303
Ucarfloc 309
SL 300
Ulbon HR 20M
PEG 1450
PMF 100
PEG 6000P
Sed-Fix
Cartaretin E
flock 999
PEG 7M
Pegol 300
E 240
R 1000
Feltmaster 15LF
WRS-N 80
PEO 750N
Polyox WSR 308
Polyox 301
PEG 100
PEG 10000
Forlax
Meisei 4000
Polyox WSR 12K
PEG 1540
Polyox WSR 301B658
Polyox WSR Coag
Macrogol 600P
PEO 2
PEG 4000S
Polyglycol 200
Polyox WSR-N 80NF
N 80NF
P 20000
Polyglycol E
400DAB8
Polyglycol 1500
Ucarfloc Polymer 304
PEG 6000J
Polyox WSR 750
PEG 2000P
PEO 1K1L
PEO 1Z
PEO 3Z
Carbowax 1450
Carbowax PEG 1450
Pluracol 20K
PEO 8Z
polyetox
Carbowax Sentry NF
Polyox WSR N 3000H
PEG 3400
Polyox WSR 10
PER (glycol)
PEB (glycol)
PEB
PER
PEG 24
Polyox 308
Lipoxol 4000
PDF 181001
Sunbright DKH 50H
PEG 3000
Netbond FRA
PEG 5950
PEG 3130
PEG-T 500
Nongeru R 431
SE 8
SE 30
HM 500 (polyoxyalkylene)
SE 8 (polyoxyalkylene)
SE 30 (polyoxyalkylene)
Slovasol 600
Alkox R 100
Alkox E 30G
Lipoxol 400MED
MN 300
PEG 20000P
KPEG 6000LA
Protachem 400
XG 1300
PEG 6000M
FPR (polyether)
Polyox WSR 101
Pluracol E 1450
H 22 (polyether)
H 22
Pluriol 4000
PEO 18P
PEO 8P
Newfrontier PEM 300
Polyglycol E 400
Polyglycol 35000S
E 45
Alkox SW
Priowax 1000
PEG 13000
PEO 18Z
PEG 90M
PEO-PF
MiraLax
PEO 27P
Carbowax E 300
Polyglycol E 8000
Polyglycol 10000
Polyglycol 8000PF
Macrogol 800
Alkox LE
OPE 4
Aqua Calk TWB-P
Carbowax Sentry 300
Macrogol 20000
PF 127
Sunbright DKH 04HB
PEG 3300
PEG 400K
PEG 300K
PEG 200K
PEG 600K
HPEO 4250
Polyox WSR 750NF
PEG 600NF
PEG 400NF
Polyox WSR-N 60KCG
SN 4X5526
SN 4X5527
SN 4X5406
SN 4X5528
Monopole PEG 200
polyethox
Slovakia
Pluriol 1500
PEG 600S
Polywax 1550
Polyglycol 8000
XG 60
XG 300
Sunbright DKH 20T
Polyglycol E 200
Lutrol 75
Polyglycol 4000S
WSR-N 80
Sentry Polyox WSR 301
Sentry Polyox WSR Coagulant
Sentry Polyox WSR 303
Polyglycol 8000S
Maxifloc 998
Polyglycol 8000P
Lutrol 400
U 601
U101
Alkox E 300
R 150
Lanogene C
PEG 35000
Newpol PEG 600
Polyox N 301
Carbowax Sentry PEG 8000
Polyox W 750
W 750
L 300
Polyox WSR 303NF
Maxifloc 999
Polyox 60K
PEO 1NF
Pluracol E 400NF
XG 13000L60
PEG 400-600
E 300
Ucarfloc 300
Pluriol E 8000
Pluriol E 1010
L 6
L 6 (polyoxyalkylene)
PEG 35000S
duraseal
M 3686B
DuraSeal (tissue sealant)
Alkox L 6
Lumulse PEG 200
PEO 10K
Lutrol 300
PE 8
XG 3000
PE 8 (polyether)
YB 5181
Yukol 3553
M 2000H
GlycoLax
Alcox L 11
Carbowax PEG 1000
Carbowax PEG 3350
Carbowax E 1000
Ucarflock 302
Laprol 2502
Pluracol E 6000
M-LE 1013
PEG 9000
PEO 4
Polyglycol 6000S
Polyglycol 6000S
Witconol PEG 400
PEG 750
Polyglycol E 6000
PEG 1000T
WSR-N 60K
WSR Coagulant
WSR-N 12K
PEG 100U
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 1000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 400
Thorcopeg 200
Colonsoft
pegorion
PEG 4000F
Lipoxol 600
Macrogol PEG 400
P 6608EG2OH
P 5376EG2OH
Cerasol 200A
Alkox L 11
Carbowax PEG 600
B 22181
Polyox WSR 301NF
Polyethylene glycol 20000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 1540
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 4000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 6000
POGOL 600
PEK 35 (polyether)
PEK 35
Beraid 3540
Lixopol 600
CO 1006
Polyox WSR-N 12NF
Polyglycol 2000S
Polyox NF
PEG 1700
PEG 800
Lipoxol 1500
Flocc 999
Pluriol E 8005
Alkox L 8
Optima Wax
Alkox 8400
PEG-diol
Lutrol E 300
Kollisolv PEG 300
Kollisolv PEG 400
Lutrol E 1500
Polyox N 10NF
POGOL 300
x 55K
PEO 29
Lipoxol 300
Lipoxol 200
Isocolan
Sunbright DKH 10H
PEG 900
Poly(ethylene oxide)
SpaceOAR
Pluracare E 1500
PW 56
Polyglycol 35000
SK 45T
Polyglycol E 600
PEO-PFZ
HR 20M
Polyox WSR 301LEO-NF
PEO 15Z
PEG-(OH) 2
PEG-E 400
Macrogol 3000
Carbowax PEG Plus
muvinlax
PEG 18947-2
Polyox WSR 303N
Alkox E 75G
PEO WSR-N 12K
PEO WSR Coagulant
PEG 136
Polyoxy N 80
Lumulse 1450
P 20
PEO 1P
Polyox WSR 201
PEO 5
Polyox WSR-N 3000LS
GaviLyte C
Macrogol 6000P
PEO-N 10
Canapeg 300
Blaunon PEG 400
Renex PEG 1500
Renex PEG 1500FL
Renex PEG 1500FL-CQ
Tone E 30
PW 110
PEG 2000U
PEG 700
Lipoxol 3350
Polyox 1105
Polyox N 1105
PEG 20H
Alkox L 100
PEO 3P
PEO 15P
Alkox E 60G
Sibfloc 718
Polyethylene ether glycol
Aqua Cork TWB-P
PEO 6
Zusoplast G 72
Polyethylene Glycol 90M
PEO 18F
Kopex PEG 400
TT 1200
Emulan PS 700
ADwet 90
M 6000
Toho Polyethylene Glycol 600
Alcox L 6
Kollisolve PEG E 400
Alcox CPA 2H
Polypan 4000
Polypan 6000
Pluracol 2000
Pluriol E 600NF
Rhodasurf E 1500
Polyoxyethylene cocco ether
Polyox 205
Polyox WSR 1105LEO
Polyox WSR 303LEO
Macrogol 400EF
Polyox N 740
PEG 14M
Oligoethylene glycol
Polyglycol 12000S
Polyglycol 20000S
Pluriol FT-E 400
WSR 308
Polyglycol 20000SRU
Polyglycol 20000SRU
Zalta MF 3000
Isoxal H
F 3015
BioUltra 87333
BioUltra 81188
BioUltra 81255
PEG 1000L60
DEG 4000
Polyglycol 400
Macrogol 3350
Polyox N 303
N 303
Polyox N 60
Kieralon MRZ
Renex PEG 6000
Carbowax Sentry PEG 400
PEG 0810
PG 600
PG 600 (polyoxyalkylene)
PF 920
Loxanol PL 5814
Polyglycol 12000S
BioUltra 2000
P 103719
P 101344
PEG 220
A 316
Polyglycol 300
A 316 (polyoxyalkylene)
PEO-PFZR
Polyglycol 20000S
PEG 210
A 35872
Polyglycol 3350S
Polyglycol 3350S
Carbowax PEG 4000
Improv Essential DAB 8
Emprove Essential Ph Eur
Supracare 430
Supelco 81206
SD 2003
PEG 200 [Carbowax 200]
Polyethylene Glycol 200
Poly(Ethylene Oxide)
PEO
PEG
PEG
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethyleneglycol 8000
Macrogol 8000
Macrogols 8000
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethyleneglycol 8000
PEG 8k
Polyethylene glycol
Poly(ethylene glycol)
Polyethylene glycol
polyethylene oxide standard 511000
Poly(ethylene oxide)
macrogol
poly(oxyethylene)
Polyethylene glycol PEG
Aquacide III
PEG 1000
PEG 6000, MB Grade (1.12033)
Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer
Polyethyleneglycol
Polyethylene Glycol 5000000
PolyethyleneoxideMW
PEG 200-8000
Tri-(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate
Polyethylene glycol - 6000 grade
PEG 200
PEG 400
PEG 6000
Poly(ethylene oxide)
PEO
PEG 600
Polyethyleneoxidemonomethacryloxymonotrimethylsiloxyterminated
O-Methacryloxy(polyethyleneoxy)trimethylsilane
PEG
Poly ethylene glycol
Carmowax
carbowax
PEG 8000
Polyethylene glycol series
Polyethylene Glycol
Polyethylene glygcol


CARBOWAX PEG 300
Carbowax PEG 300, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 300, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 300 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 300 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a low-molecular-weight PEG that is commonly used as a solvent or lubricant in various industries.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 300 serves as a moisturizer and emollient in cosmetic and personal care products, such as lotions, creams, and ointments.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a lubricant in various industrial applications, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized as a plasticizer in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings, improving flexibility and workability.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application as a solvent, dispersing agent, or humectant in chemical processing, aiding in dissolving, dispersing, or suspending substances.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a carrier or solvent for flavors, colors, and food additives in the food industry.

Carbowax PEG 300 is used in textile manufacturing as a lubricant, dye carrier, or sizing agent, improving dyeing processes and enhancing fiber performance.
Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a viscosity modifier and plasticizer in polymer production, improving processability and physical properties.
Carbowax PEG 300 serves as a solvent and wetting agent in industrial cleaning products, facilitating the removal of contaminants.

Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a component in printing inks, improving flow properties, pigment dispersion, and drying characteristics.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in agricultural formulations as a solvent, stabilizer, or dispersing agent, enhancing the efficacy and stability of pesticides and herbicides.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the construction industry as an ingredient in mortar and cement formulations, improving workability and water retention.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in the paper industry as a sizing agent, improving water resistance and printability.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a plasticizer, softening agent, or processing aid in the rubber industry, improving flexibility and processability of rubber compounds.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the ceramic industry as a binder and plasticizer, improving workability and molding properties of ceramic materials.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application as an additive in metal coating and electroplating solutions, improving smoothness, adhesion, and uniformity of deposited layers.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as an additive in fuels to improve stability, lubricity, and combustion properties.

Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in water treatment processes as a flocculant and coagulant aid, helping remove impurities from water.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in textile printing as a thickening agent and dye carrier, enhancing print quality and color yield on textiles.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in the formulation of liquid detergents, improving solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the production of emulsions and suspensions, improving stability and uniformity of these formulations.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a humectant in cosmetic formulations, attracting and retaining moisture to enhance skin hydration.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in the formulation of antifreeze and deicing products, improving their freeze-thaw resistance and effectiveness.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the production of paints and coatings, improving flow properties, stability, and film formation.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a processing aid in the manufacturing of plastics and synthetic materials, improving processability and product quality.


Carbowax PEG 300 has a range of applications across various industries. Here are some of its common uses:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 300 can also act as a vehicle for drug delivery in topical medications.

Cosmetic and Personal Care Products:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in lotions, creams, ointments, and other personal care products as a moisturizer, emollient, and solvent.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps enhance the texture, spreadability, and moisturizing properties of these formulations.

Industrial Lubricants:
Carbowax PEG 300 serves as a lubricant in various industrial processes.
Carbowax PEG 300 reduces friction and improves the flow of materials in applications such as metalworking, cutting fluids, and lubricating greases.

Adhesives and Sealants:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a viscosity modifier and plasticizer in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the flexibility and workability of these materials.

Chemical Processing:
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application as a solvent, dispersing agent, or humectant in chemical processing.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used for dissolving, dispersing, or suspending various substances in chemical reactions or manufacturing processes.

Food Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized as a carrier or solvent for flavors, colors, and food additives in the food industry.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the solubility and dispersion of these ingredients in food products.

Textile Manufacturing:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in textile processing as a lubricant, dye carrier, or sizing agent.
Carbowax PEG 300 aids in the dyeing process, improves the performance of textile fibers, and enhances the quality of the finished textile products.

Polymer Production:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in the production of various polymers and resins as a viscosity modifier and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the processability and physical properties of the final polymer products.

Industrial Cleaning Products:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent and wetting agent in industrial cleaning formulations, facilitating the removal of dirt, oils, and other contaminants from surfaces.

Agriculture:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed in agricultural formulations, such as pesticides and herbicides, as a solvent, stabilizer, or dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 300 helps improve the efficacy and stability of these agricultural products.

Printing and Ink Industry: It finds application as a component in printing inks, where it helps improve the flow properties, pigment dispersion, and drying characteristics of the ink.

Paper Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the paper industry as a sizing agent, improving the water resistance and printability of paper products.

Construction:
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the construction industry as an ingredient in mortar and cement formulations, aiding in workability, adhesion, and water retention.

Rubber Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a plasticizer, softening agent, or processing aid in the rubber industry.
Carbowax PEG 300 improves the flexibility, processability, and physical properties of rubber compounds.

Ceramic Industry:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in the ceramic industry as a binder and plasticizer, enhancing the workability and molding properties of ceramic materials.

Metal Coating and Electroplating:
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized as an additive in metal coating and electroplating solutions to improve the smoothness, adhesion, and uniformity of the deposited metal layers.

Fuel Additives:
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as an additive in fuels to improve their stability, lubricity, and combustion properties.

Water Treatment:
Carbowax PEG 300 is used in water treatment processes as a flocculant and coagulant aid to help remove impurities and suspended particles from water.

Textile Printing:
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in textile printing as a thickening agent and dye carrier, improving the print quality and color yield on textiles.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 300, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 300, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 300 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 300 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a low-molecular-weight PEG that is commonly used as a solvent or lubricant in various industries.

Carbowax PEG 300 is often utilized in pharmaceutical formulations, where it can serve as a vehicle for active ingredients, aid in solubility enhancement, or act as a stabilizer.
Carbowax PEG 300 is also employed in cosmetic and personal care products as a moisturizer, emollient, or solvent.
Additionally, Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in industrial processes as a lubricant, plasticizer, or dispersing agent.

Carbowax PEG 300 exhibits excellent water solubility, low toxicity, and compatibility with a wide range of other substances, making it a versatile compound in different applications.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of approximately 300 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a clear, viscous liquid with a low volatility.

Carbowax PEG 300 is highly soluble in water.
Carbowax PEG 300 exhibits excellent solubility with a wide range of organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 300 has a relatively low viscosity, making it easy to handle and mix.
Carbowax PEG 300 is non-toxic and considered safe for various applications.

Carbowax PEG 300 has a mild, almost odorless scent.
Carbowax PEG 300 has good stability under a range of temperature and pH conditions.
Carbowax PEG 300 can act as a hygroscopic agent, absorbing and retaining moisture.

Carbowax PEG 300 is compatible with a variety of other ingredients and materials.
Carbowax PEG 300 is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 300 can enhance the solubility and stability of active ingredients in pharmaceutical products.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a lubricant in various industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 300 is a common ingredient in cosmetic and personal care products such as lotions, creams, and ointments.
Carbowax PEG 300 provides moisturizing and emollient properties to these formulations.

Carbowax PEG 300 acts as a plasticizer, improving the flexibility and flow of certain materials.
Carbowax PEG 300 is often used as a binder in solid dosage forms, helping to hold tablets or capsules together.

Carbowax PEG 300 can serve as a dispersing agent, aiding in the uniform distribution of ingredients in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 300 is employed as a wetting agent, facilitating the spreading of liquids on solid surfaces.

Carbowax PEG 300 can act as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture in various products.
Carbowax PEG 300 finds application in the food industry as a carrier or solvent for flavors, colors, and food additives.
Carbowax PEG 300 is utilized in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings as a viscosity modifier.
Carbowax PEG 300 can act as a defoaming agent, reducing or preventing the formation of foam.



PROPERTIES


Molecular Weight: Approximately 300 g/mol.
Physical State: Clear, viscous liquid.
Odor: Mild, almost odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents.
Viscosity: Relatively low viscosity.
Volatility: Low volatility.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under varying temperature and pH conditions.
Hygroscopicity: Acts as a hygroscopic agent, absorbing and retaining moisture.
Toxicity: Considered non-toxic and safe for various applications.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a variety of substances.
Lubricity: Provides lubricating properties, reducing friction.
Emollient: Functions as an emollient, enhancing the softness and smoothness of skin.
Humectant: Acts as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture.
Plasticizer: Serves as a plasticizer, improving flexibility and workability of materials.
Binder: Functions as a binder, aiding in the cohesion and strength of formulations.
Wetting Agent: Acts as a wetting agent, promoting the spreading and wetting of liquids.
Stabilizer: Enhances the stability and shelf life of formulations.
Dispersing Agent: Facilitates the uniform dispersion of ingredients in formulations.
Solvent Efficiency: Provides efficient solubility and compatibility with various substances.
Low Toxicity: Exhibits low toxicity, making it safe for use in diverse applications.
Non-Irritating: Generally non-irritating to the skin and eyes.
Thermal Stability: Retains stability at a wide range of temperatures.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with various pH ranges.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of ingredients and materials used in formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhalation of vapors or mists occurs, move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.
If breathing has stopped, provide artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected skin area with plenty of water.
If irritation or redness develops, wash the area thoroughly with mild soap and water.
Seek medical attention if skin irritation persists or if a large area of skin is affected.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes immediately and continuously with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, keeping the eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if there is no initial discomfort or irritation.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical staff with detailed information on the product ingested.


General Advice:

Remove contaminated clothing and thoroughly clean before reuse.
If symptoms develop or persist after initial first aid, seek medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with relevant information about the product, its ingredients, and the exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to minimize the risk of inhalation of vapors or mists.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.

If working with the product in an enclosed space, use respiratory protection if necessary.
Use appropriate engineering controls, such as local exhaust ventilation, to maintain airborne concentrations below recommended exposure limits.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Handle the product in accordance with good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Carbowax PEG 300.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 300 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store the product away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Ensure proper labeling and segregation to prevent accidental misuse or mixing with other substances.

Follow any specific storage requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.
Store the product in containers made of suitable materials that are compatible with Carbowax PEG 300.
Keep the product out of the reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or releases during storage.


Transportation:

When transporting Carbowax PEG 300, ensure compliance with applicable local, national, and international regulations.
Use appropriate containers and packaging to prevent spills or leaks during transportation.
Secure the containers properly to prevent damage or breakage.
Follow any specific transportation requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or regulatory guidelines.


Disposal:

Dispose of Carbowax PEG 300 in accordance with local regulations and applicable waste disposal guidelines.
Do not dispose of the product in water sources or sewer systems unless permitted by authorities.
Consult with appropriate waste management professionals or authorities for proper disposal methods and facilities.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 300
PEG 300
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 300
Polyethylene oxide 300
Macrogol 300
Polyethylene Glycol 300
PEG 300
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 300
Polyethylene oxide 300
Macrogol 300
Carbowax 300
Polyglycol 300
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 300
PEG 300 monomethyl ether
PEG 300 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 300 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 300
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 300
Carbowax MPEG 300
Carbowax mPEG 300
Carbowax PM300
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 300
Polyethylene glycol 300 monostearate
PEG 300 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 300
PEG stearate 300
Polyethylene Glycol 300
PEG 300
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 300
Polyethylene oxide 300
Macrogol 300
Carbowax 300
Polyglycol 300
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 300
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 300
PEG 300 monomethyl ether
PEG 300 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 300 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 300
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 300
Carbowax MPEG 300
Carbowax mPEG 300
Carbowax PM300
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 300
Polyethylene glycol 300 monostearate
PEG 300 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 300
PEG stearate 300
Polyethylene glycol ether 300
PEG ether 300
Polyethylene glycol derivative 300
PEG derivative 300
Carbowax PEG MW 300
PEG 300 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 300
PEG 300 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 3000
PEG 300 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 300
Carbowax MPEG 3000
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 300
PEG 300 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 300
CARBOWAX PEG 3350

Carbowax PEG 3350, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 3350, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 3350 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 3350 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is a solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, lubricating, and emulsifying properties.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 3350 (Polyethylene Glycol 3350) has various applications in different industries.
Here are some of its notable applications:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carbowax PEG 3350 is widely used as an osmotic laxative to treat occasional constipation.
Carbowax PEG 3350 promotes bowel movements and softens the stool by drawing water into the intestine.

Personal Care Products:
Carbowax PEG 3350 finds application in the formulation of personal care products such as creams, lotions, and ointments.
Carbowax PEG 3350 acts as a thickening agent, enhancing their consistency and spreadability.
Carbowax PEG 3350 also serves as a moisturizing agent in skincare products, providing hydration and softness to the skin.

Industrial Applications:
Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a lubricant in the manufacturing of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Carbowax PEG 3350 helps improve the flow and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 3350 also acts as a plasticizer, enhancing the flexibility and performance of various materials.
Additionally, Carbowax PEG 3350 is used as a dispersing agent, aiding in the even dispersion of particles or substances in formulations.

Veterinary Use:
Carbowax PEG 3350 is sometimes utilized in veterinary medicine as a laxative for animals experiencing constipation.
Carbowax PEG 3350 provides similar benefits to its human pharmaceutical application.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as an osmotic laxative to treat occasional constipation in both adults and children.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is commonly formulated as an oral solution or powder for reconstitution, making it convenient for administration.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is effective in promoting bowel movements and softening the stool by drawing water into the intestine.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is included in various over-the-counter laxative products and prescription medications.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is also utilized in the veterinary field as a laxative for animals experiencing constipation.
Carbowax PEG 3350 provides similar benefits in veterinary medicine, aiding in the elimination of fecal impactions.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is known for its safety and tolerability, making it suitable for short-term use to relieve constipation.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is compatible with other pharmaceutical ingredients, allowing for flexible formulation options.
In personal care products, Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a thickening agent, enhancing the consistency and spreadability of creams, lotions, and ointments.

Carbowax PEG 3350 contributes to the desired texture and stability of various cosmetic formulations.
Carbowax PEG 3350 acts as a moisturizing agent in skincare products, providing hydration and softness to the skin.
Carbowax PEG 3350 helps to improve the skin's moisture retention and prevents dryness.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is utilized in hair care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, to enhance their conditioning and moisturizing effects.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is also employed in the formulation of bath and shower products, contributing to their moisturizing properties.
Carbowax PEG 3350 finds application in industrial processes as a lubricant, improving the flow and workability of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.

Carbowax PEG 3350 helps reduce friction and enhance the performance of various materials.
Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a plasticizer in plastics and polymers, increasing their flexibility and durability.
Carbowax PEG 3350 acts as a dispersing agent, aiding in the even distribution of particles or substances in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is utilized in the production of inks and dyes, facilitating their dispersion and stability.

Carbowax PEG 3350 finds application in the manufacture of paints and coatings, improving their flow and leveling properties.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is employed in the formulation of agricultural and horticultural products, enhancing the spread and adherence of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is used as a processing aid in the production of rubber and plastics, improving their melt flow and reducing viscosity.

Carbowax PEG 3350 finds application in the construction industry as a concrete additive, improving workability and reducing cracking.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is employed in the formulation of drilling fluids and lubricants in the oil and gas industry, enhancing their performance and lubricity.
Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a dispersing agent in the production of ceramics, aiding in the uniform distribution of particles and improving moldability.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 3350, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 3350, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 3350 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 3350 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is a solid substance at room temperature, and it is commonly used in various industries for its solubilizing, lubricating, and emulsifying properties.

Carbowax PEG 3350 finds extensive application in the pharmaceutical industry as an osmotic laxative.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is used to treat occasional constipation and to maintain regular bowel movements.
Carbowax PEG 3350 works by drawing water into the intestine, softening the stool, and promoting bowel movement.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 3350 is utilized in the formulation of personal care products.
Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a thickening agent in creams, lotions, and ointments, providing desirable viscosity and spreadability.
Carbowax PEG 3350 also finds use in cosmetic and skincare products as a moisturizing agent, helping to hydrate and soften the skin.

In addition, Carbowax PEG 3350 is employed in various industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a lubricant, plasticizer, and dispersing agent in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its properties contribute to improved flow, workability, and dispersion of substances.

Overall, Carbowax PEG 3350 is a versatile compound with applications in pharmaceuticals, personal care, and industrial processes.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is a solid, waxy substance with a molecular weight of approximately 3350 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is a polyether compound with excellent solubility in water and many organic solvents.

Carbowax PEG 3350 has a white to off-white color and is odorless.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is non-toxic and non-irritating, making it safe for various applications.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is primarily used in the pharmaceutical industry as an osmotic laxative.
Carbowax PEG 3350 helps treat occasional constipation by promoting bowel movements and softening the stool.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is often included in over-the-counter laxative formulations and prescription medications.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is highly soluble in water, allowing for easy formulation as an oral solution.
Carbowax PEG 3350 works by drawing water into the intestine, increasing hydration and softening the stool.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is widely recommended for short-term relief of constipation.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is not absorbed by the body and passes through the gastrointestinal tract without significant metabolism.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is considered safe for use in adults and children under medical supervision.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is also utilized in the formulation of personal care products.

Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a thickening agent in creams, lotions, and ointments, improving their consistency and spreadability.
Carbowax PEG 3350 acts as a moisturizing agent in skincare products, providing hydration and softness to the skin.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is compatible with various cosmetic ingredients, allowing for versatile formulation options.

Carbowax PEG 3350 exhibits lubricating properties, making it useful in industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 3350 is employed as a lubricant in the manufacturing of adhesives, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.

Carbowax PEG 3350 acts as a plasticizer, enhancing the flexibility and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 3350 serves as a dispersing agent in formulations, aiding in the even dispersion of particles or substances.
Carbowax PEG 3350 has low toxicity and is considered safe for use in various industries.
Carbowax PEG 3350 has a high boiling point, contributing to its stability under various temperature conditions.

Carbowax PEG 3350 exhibits good thermal stability, maintaining its properties even at elevated temperatures.

Carbowax PEG 3350 is resistant to microbial degradation, ensuring product stability and shelf life.
Carbowax PEG 3350 demonstrates compatibility with a wide range of substances, facilitating its application in various formulations.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: (C2H4O)n, where n represents the average number of ethylene oxide units, which is typically in the range of 98 to 110.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 3350 g/mol.
Physical State: Solid waxy substance at room temperature.
Color: White to off-white.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water and many organic solvents.
Melting Point: Approximately 55 - 60 °C (131 - 140 °F).
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling.
Flash Point: Not applicable (solid substance).
Density: Approximately 1.11 - 1.15 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: Negligible.
Vapor Density: Not applicable (solid substance).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents and many substances.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Negligible.
Surface Tension: Approximately 34 - 38 mN/m at 20 °C (68 °F).
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.46 - 1.47 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Dielectric Constant: Approximately 18 - 20 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Heat Capacity: Approximately 2.2 - 2.4 J/g·°C.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of pH levels.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carbowax PEG 3350 dust or aerosol is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
Provide artificial respiration if the person is not breathing and trained in the procedure.
Administer oxygen if the person is experiencing severe respiratory distress.
Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing occur.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Carbowax PEG 3350, remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
Rinse thoroughly to ensure complete removal of the substance.
If irritation or redness develops, gently cleanse the area again and apply a soothing cream or lotion.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists or if there are signs of more severe skin reactions such as rash or burns.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact with Carbowax PEG 3350, immediately flush the eyes with clean, gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easily removable, but do not force their removal.
Seek immediate medical attention, ensuring to provide information about the substance and its exposure.


Ingestion:

If Carbowax PEG 3350 is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical professionals.
Rinse the mouth with water and give the affected person small sips of water to drink.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the substance and its ingestion.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling Carbowax PEG 3350 to avoid skin and eye contact.
Avoid inhalation of dust or aerosols.
If handling in dusty conditions, use respiratory protection such as a dust mask.
Handle the substance in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Avoid contact with open flames, sparks, or other potential ignition sources, as Carbowax PEG 3350 is combustible.

Prevent the substance from coming into contact with strong oxidizing agents, which could cause hazardous reactions.
Use appropriate handling tools and equipment to minimize the generation of dust or aerosols during transfer or processing.
Practice good industrial hygiene by washing hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Carbowax PEG 3350.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance to prevent accidental ingestion.
Store Carbowax PEG 3350 away from food and beverages to avoid contamination.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 3350 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the substance in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and to preserve its properties.
Ensure proper labeling of containers with the substance name, batch number, and any relevant safety information.
Store Carbowax PEG 3350 away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals.
Separate Carbowax PEG 3350 from acids and bases to prevent potential reactions.
Keep the substance out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or accidental releases during storage.

Provide suitable containment, such as bunds or secondary containers, in case of container damage or leakage.
Regularly inspect containers for integrity and check for any signs of deterioration or damage.
Keep storage areas clean and well-organized to minimize the risk of accidents and facilitate inventory management.
Store Carbowax PEG 3350 in a dedicated storage area, separate from incompatible materials and hazardous substances.
Follow any specific storage temperature recommendations provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.
Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 3350 in areas prone to moisture or humidity to prevent clumping or degradation.
Have appropriate spill response materials and equipment readily available in case of accidental spills or leaks.
Follow local regulations and guidelines for the proper disposal of empty containers and waste generated from Carbowax PEG 3350.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 3350
PEG 3350
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 3350
Polyethylene oxide 3350
Macrogol 3350
Carbowax 3350
Polyglycol 3350
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 3350
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 3350
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 3350
PEG 3350 monomethyl ether
PEG 3350 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 3350 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 3350
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 3350
Carbowax MPEG 3350
Carbowax mPEG 3350
Carbowax PM3350
Carbowax WSR 3350
Carbowax 4000
Carbowax WSR 3351
Polyethylene glycol 3350 monostearate
PEG 3350 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 3350
PEG stearate 3350
Carbowax PEG MW 3350
PEG 3350 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 3350
PEG 3350 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 3500
PEG 3350 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 3350
Carbowax MPEG 3500
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 3350
PEG 3350 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 3350
Carbowax PEG 3300
PEG 3350 monopropyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monopropyl ether 3350
Carbowax PEG 3600
PEG 3350 polyethylene oxide
Carbowax WSR 3350E
Carbowax PEG 3800
PEG 3350 monobenzyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monobenzyl ether 3350
Carbowax WSR 3350M
Carbowax PEG 3700
PEG 3350 monovinyl ether
Polyethylene glycol monovinyl ether 3350
Carbowax 3652

CARBOWAX PEG 400

Carbowax PEG 400 is a polyethylene glycol variant with a molecular weight of approximately 400 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 400 is a clear, viscous liquid with a low volatility.
Carbowax PEG 400 is highly soluble in water.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 400 is commonly used as a solvent and vehicle for active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 aids in enhancing the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of drugs in oral and topical pharmaceutical products.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as an emollient in cosmetic and personal care products, providing moisturizing and softening effects on the skin.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture in formulations, contributing to the hydration of the skin.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application as a lubricant in various industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.

Carbowax PEG 400 is used in metalworking fluids and cutting oils to improve lubricity and reduce wear in machining operations.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a plasticizer, improving the flexibility and workability of materials in adhesives, sealants, and coatings.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a solubilizer, aiding in the dissolution and dispersion of substances in various formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized as a dispersing agent, helping to uniformly distribute particles or ingredients in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in the food industry as a solvent for flavors, colors, and additives.
Carbowax PEG 400 helps enhance the solubility, dispersibility, and stability of these substances in food products.

Carbowax PEG 400 finds application as a carrier or co-solvent in the formulation of flavors, enhancing their dispersibility and release.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in chemical processing as a solvent, aiding in the dissolution and dispersion of substances.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in the formulation of liquid detergents, aiding in the solubility and dispersion of active ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a viscosity modifier, improving the flow properties and stability of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed as a lubricating agent in textile manufacturing, aiding in the dyeing process and improving fabric handling.

Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized as a softener and conditioner, enhancing the performance and quality of textile products.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in polymer production as a plasticizer, aiding in improving processability and flexibility.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in veterinary and animal health products, such as topical formulations and ointments.

Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a solubilizing agent and emollient in these formulations, facilitating the delivery of active ingredients and providing skin hydration.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in industrial cleaning products as a solvent and wetting agent, aiding in the removal of contaminants.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in the formulation of industrial coatings, improving flow properties and adhesion.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a carrier for fragrances and essential oils in perfumes and personal care products, aiding in their dispersibility and release.

Carbowax PEG 400 is used in the production of printing inks to improve the flow properties and pigment dispersion.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in agricultural formulations as a solubilizing agent and stabilizer for various active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in the formulation of personal lubricants, enhancing the smoothness and lubricity of intimate products.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed as a suspending agent in liquid formulations, preventing the settling of solid particles.

Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in the production of ceramic materials, aiding in the dispersion of ceramic powders and improving workability.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a solvent and plasticizer in the production of polymeric materials, improving their processability and flexibility.
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized as a carrier for fragrances and essential oils in air fresheners and scented products.

Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in the formulation of inkjet printer inks, improving ink stability and color dispersion.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a binding agent in solid oral dosage forms, helping to hold tablets or capsules together.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in the formulation of skincare products, such as creams and lotions, providing emollient and moisturizing properties.

Carbowax PEG 400 is used as a solubilizing agent in herbal extracts and botanical formulations, improving their dispersibility and bioavailability.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a wetting agent in agricultural sprays, aiding in the uniform coverage of crops and enhancing the efficacy of pesticides.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in the production of polymer foams, improving their cell structure and mechanical properties.

Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in the formulation of veterinary pharmaceuticals, aiding in the solubility and delivery of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a preservative in certain formulations, helping to extend the shelf life of products.
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized in the formulation of wound dressings and medical adhesives, providing moisture retention and adhesive properties.

Carbowax PEG 400 is used as a plasticizer and lubricant in the production of elastomers and rubber compounds.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a dispersing agent in paint and coating formulations, aiding in the uniform dispersion of pigments and additives.

Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in the production of mold-release agents, improving the release properties of molded products.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in the formulation of flavor and fragrance emulsions, aiding in the stabilization and dispersion of these substances.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a solubilizer in cosmetic formulations, enhancing the solubility and dispersibility of active ingredients and pigments.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in the formulation of electrolyte solutions for batteries and fuel cells, improving their conductivity and stability.

Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in the production of textile auxiliaries and sizing agents, improving fiber lubrication and weaving properties.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a processing aid in the production of PVC compounds, aiding in the dispersion of additives and improving processability.

Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized in the formulation of heat transfer fluids, improving the efficiency of heat transfer in various applications.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in the production of pesticide formulations, aiding in the solubility and stability of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a carrier for active ingredients in transdermal patches, facilitating their controlled release into the skin.


Carbowax PEG 400 (Polyethylene Glycol 400) has various applications across different industries. Here are some of its common uses:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carbowax PEG 400 is used as a solvent and vehicle for active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 aids in enhancing solubility, bioavailability, and stability of drugs in oral and topical formulations.

Cosmetic and Personal Care Products:
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in cosmetic and personal care products as an emollient, humectant, and solubilizer.
Carbowax PEG 400 helps moisturize the skin, improve product texture, and enhance ingredient solubility.

Industrial Lubricants:
The compound serves as a lubricant in various industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in metalworking, cutting fluids, and other lubricating applications.

Food Industry:
Carbowax PEG 400 is used as a solvent for flavors, colors, and additives in the food industry.
Carbowax PEG 400 helps enhance solubility, dispersibility, and stability of these substances in food products.

Chemical Processing:
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application as a solvent, dispersing agent, or carrier in various chemical processing applications.
Carbowax PEG 400 aids in dissolving, dispersing, or suspending substances in chemical reactions or manufacturing processes.

Adhesives and Sealants:
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings as a viscosity modifier.
Carbowax PEG 400 improves the workability, flow properties, and adhesion of these materials.

Textile Manufacturing:
Carbowax PEG 400 finds application in textile manufacturing as a lubricant, dye carrier, and softener.
Carbowax PEG 400 aids in the dyeing process, improves fiber performance, and enhances the quality of finished textile products.

Polymer Production:
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed as a plasticizer, viscosity modifier, and processing aid in polymer production.
Carbowax PEG 400 improves the processability, flexibility, and physical properties of polymers.

Industrial Cleaning Products:
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in industrial cleaning formulations as a solvent and wetting agent.
Carbowax PEG 400 helps remove dirt, oils, and contaminants from surfaces.

Veterinary and Animal Health:
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized in veterinary and animal health products, such as topical formulations and ointments, for its solubility and emollient properties.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 400 is a polyethylene glycol variant with a molecular weight of approximately 400 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 400 is a clear, viscous liquid with a low volatility.

Carbowax PEG 400 is highly soluble in water.
Carbowax PEG 400 has a relatively low viscosity, making it easy to handle and mix.
Carbowax PEG 400 has a mild, almost odorless scent.

Carbowax PEG 400 exhibits excellent solubility with a wide range of organic solvents.
Carbowax PEG 400 is non-toxic and considered safe for various applications.

Carbowax PEG 400 is commonly used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a vehicle for active ingredients, aiding in their solubility and delivery.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed as an emollient in cosmetic and personal care products, providing moisturizing properties.

Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized as a lubricant in various industrial applications.
Carbowax PEG 400 reduces friction, improving the flow of materials in processes.

Carbowax PEG 400 finds application as a plasticizer, enhancing the flexibility and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 400 acts as a dispersing agent, aiding in the uniform distribution of substances.
Carbowax PEG 400 can improve the stability and shelf life of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used as a solvent for flavors, colors, and additives in the food industry.

Carbowax PEG 400 is employed as a binder in solid dosage forms, aiding in the cohesion of tablets or capsules.
Carbowax PEG 400 serves as a suspending agent, helping to keep particles dispersed in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is utilized as a wetting agent, facilitating the spreading and wetting of liquids.

Carbowax PEG 400 is compatible with a wide range of ingredients and materials used in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is used in the production of adhesives, sealants, and coatings as a viscosity modifier.

Carbowax PEG 400 can act as a stabilizer, preventing the degradation or separation of components in formulations.
Carbowax PEG 400 is employed in the formulation of liquid detergents, aiding in the solubility of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 400 has a wide range of industrial applications, including chemical processing, textile manufacturing, and polymer production.

Carbowax PEG 400 finds applications in the food industry as a solvent for flavors, colors, and additives.
Carbowax PEG 400 is also utilized in industrial processes as a lubricant, plasticizer, and dispersing agent.
Due to its low toxicity, high water solubility, and compatibility with a wide range of substances, Carbowax PEG 400 is a versatile compound with numerous applications across different sectors.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 8 to 9.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 400 g/mol.
Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid.
Odor: Mild, almost odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Viscosity: Relatively low viscosity.
Melting Point: Approximately 4 - 8 °C (39 - 46 °F).
Boiling Point: Approximately 315 - 325 °C (599 - 617 °F).
Flash Point: > 200 °C (> 392 °F) (Closed Cup).
Density: Approximately 1.128 - 1.135 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: < 0.1 mmHg at 25 °C (77 °F).
Vapor Density: > 1 (Air = 1).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under varying temperature and pH conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Relatively low evaporation rate.
Surface Tension: Approximately 38 - 42 mN/m at 20 °C (68 °F).
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.46 - 1.47 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Dielectric Constant: Approximately 32 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Heat Capacity: Approximately 2.2 - 2.4 J/g·°C.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of pH levels.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhalation of vapors or mists occurs, remove the affected person to an area with fresh air.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, provide artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.
If breathing has stopped, initiate CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) while waiting for medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and immediately rinse the affected skin with plenty of water.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with mild soap and water.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness develops or if the area of skin affected is large.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes immediately and continuously with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough flushing of the eyes.
Remove contact lenses, if applicable, after the initial rinse.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if there is no initial discomfort or irritation.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical staff with detailed information about the product ingested.


General Advice:

If any symptoms develop or persist after initial first aid, seek medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with relevant information about the product, its ingredients, and the exposure.
In case of large spills or leaks, contain the material and prevent it from entering drains or waterways.
In the event of a fire involving Carbowax PEG 400, use suitable extinguishing media such as foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
Do not use water jet.
If necessary, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when dealing with spills or leaks.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to minimize the risk of inhalation of vapors or mists.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.
If working with the product in an enclosed space, use respiratory protection if necessary.

Use appropriate engineering controls, such as local exhaust ventilation, to maintain airborne concentrations below recommended exposure limits.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Handle the product in accordance with good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Carbowax PEG 400.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 400 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store the product away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Ensure proper labeling and segregation to prevent accidental misuse or mixing with other substances.

Follow any specific storage requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.
Store the product in containers made of suitable materials that are compatible with Carbowax PEG 400.
Keep the product out of the reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or releases during storage.
Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 400 near open flames, sparks, or sources of ignition.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 400
PEG 400
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 400
Polyethylene oxide 400
Macrogol 400
Carbowax 400
Polyglycol 400
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 400
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 400
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 400
PEG 400 monomethyl ether
PEG 400 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 400 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 400
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 400
Carbowax MPEG 400
Carbowax mPEG 400
Carbowax PM400
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 400
Polyethylene glycol 400 monostearate
PEG 400 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 400
PEG stearate 400
Polyethylene Glycol 400
PEG 400
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 400
Polyethylene oxide 400
Macrogol 400
Carbowax 400
Polyglycol 400
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 400
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 400
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 400
PEG 400 monomethyl ether
PEG 400 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 400 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 400
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 400
Carbowax MPEG 400
Carbowax mPEG 400
Carbowax PM400
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 400
Polyethylene glycol 400 monostearate
PEG 400 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 400
PEG stearate 400
Polyethylene glycol ether 400
PEG ether 400
Polyethylene glycol derivative 400
PEG derivative 400
Carbowax PEG MW 400
PEG 400 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 400
PEG 400 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 4000
PEG 400 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 400
Carbowax MPEG 4000
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 400
PEG 400 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 400
Polyethylene Glycol 400
PEG 400
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 400
Polyethylene oxide 400
Macrogol 400
Carbowax 400
Polyglycol 400
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 400
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 400
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 400
PEG 400 monomethyl ether
PEG 400 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 400 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 400
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 400
Carbowax MPEG 400
Carbowax mPEG 400
Carbowax PM400
Carbowax 20M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 400
CARBOWAX PEG 4000
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is a water-soluble ingredient that acts as a great solvent in the formulations that it is used in.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 basically stands for polyethylene glycol, which means an ethylene glycol polymer.
The M refers to 10,000 units of ethylene glycol monomer according to the standard nomenclature.

CAS: 25322-68-3
MF: N/A
EINECS: 500-038-2

Therefore, CARBOWAX PEG 4000 consists of 90,000 units of ethylene glycol monomers that are attached to the chain.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is a very effective ingredient and is quite compatible with the others used in a product.
The chemical formula of CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is H(OCH2CH2)nOH.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is polyethylene glycol-90-based mold release agent and plasticizer.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 possesses good lubricity and humectant properties.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is a water-soluble linear polymer formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide.

CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is a water soluble polymer of ethylene oxide.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
POLYOX™ WSR-301 is a water soluble CARBOWAX PEG 4000 with a relatively low molecular weight.
In a cream, lotion, gel or stick the product will go a long way toward making your products glide on smoothly.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 can be used in shaving products, body washes, liquid hand soaps, bar soaps and styling gels.

CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is chemically stable in air and in solution, although grades with a molecular weight less than 2000 are hygroscopic.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 do not support microbial growth, and they do not become rancid.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 and aqueous polyethylene glycol solutions can be sterilized by autoclaving, filtration, or gamma irradiation.
Sterilization of solid grades by dry heat at 150℃ for 1 hour may induce oxidation, darkening, and the formation of acidic degradation products.
Ideally, sterilization should be carried out in an inert atmosphere.
Oxidation of CARBOWAX PEG 4000 may also be inhibited by the inclusion of a suitable antioxidant.

If heated tanks are used to maintain normally solid CARBOWAX PEG 4000 in a molten state, care must be taken to avoid contamination with iron, which can lead to discoloration.
The temperature must be kept to the minimum necessary to ensure fluidity; oxidation may occur if CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is exposed for long periods to temperatures exceeding 50℃.
However, storage under nitrogen reduces the possibility of oxidation.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 should be stored in well-closed containers in a cool, dry place.
Stainless steel, aluminum, glass, or lined steel containers are preferred for the storage of liquid grades.

CARBOWAX PEG 4000 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Fp: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
NIST Chemistry Reference: CARBOWAX PEG 4000 (25322-68-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX PEG 4000 (25322-68-3)

Uses
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 fulfills multiple functions when added to cosmetic, skin care, and hair care products.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is thus used in a variety of products such as shampoos, lotions, and other cosmetic formulations.

Hair care: CARBOWAX PEG 4000 helps rebuild the thickness of the shafts and also improves the texture.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 aids in reducing frizz by providing intense hydration and moisture to the hair.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 leaves the hair shinier and overall healthier.

Skin care: CARBOWAX PEG 4000 controls the viscosity of formulations, improving the texture and spreadability.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 also keeps the surface of the skin hydrated by locking the moisture on the top most layer of the skin

Cosmetic products: CARBOWAX PEG 4000 helps improve the texture of the products and gives them a smooth silky appearance.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 works well with almost all the other ingredients in a formulation and binds them.

Application in Biomedicine
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is also known as polyoxirane (PEO).
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is a linear polyether obtained by ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide.
The main uses in the field of biomedicine are as follows: Contact lens liquid.

The viscosity of CARBOWAX PEG 4000 solution is sensitive to the shear rate and it is not easy for bacteria to grow on polyethylene glycol.
The condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is a cream matrix for preparing water-soluble drugs.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 can also be used as a solvent for acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine, which is difficult to dissolve in water.

Drug sustained-release and immobilized enzyme carrier.
The CARBOWAX PEG 4000 solution is applied to the outer layer of the pill to control the diffusion of drugs in the pill so as to improve the efficacy.
Surface modification of medical polymer materials.
The biocompatibility of medical polymer materials in contact with blood can be improved by adsorption, interception and grafting of two amphiphilic copolymers containing CARBOWAX PEG 4000 on the surface of medical polymers.

CARBOWAX PEG 4000 can make the membrane of the alkanol contraceptive pill.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is an osmotic laxative.
CARBOWAX PEG 4000 can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Peg nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.
PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 are commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.
PEG absorbs water from the solution, so CARBOWAX PEG 4000 is also used to concentrate the solution.

Synonyms
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Polyoxy-1
Alcox E 160
Alcox E 30
alcoxe30
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
CARBOWAX PEG 540


Carbowax PEG 540 is a polyethylene glycol variant with a molecular weight of approximately 540 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 540 is a clear, viscous liquid with a low volatility.
Carbowax PEG 540 exhibits excellent solubility in water.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 540 is commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations as a solubilizer, aiding in the dissolution and stabilization of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application as an emollient in cosmetics and personal care products, providing moisturizing and softening effects on the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 540 is employed in the production of ointments and creams, improving their spreadability and texture.
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a wetting agent in agricultural formulations, aiding in the spreadability and efficacy of pesticides and herbicides.

Carbowax PEG 540 is used in the formulation of stable emulsions in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
The compound finds application as a dispersing agent in the paper and pulp industry, aiding in the dispersion of fibers and improving the efficiency of paper production processes.
Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized in ceramic processing as a binder and plasticizer, aiding in shaping and forming ceramic materials.

Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a flocculating agent and coagulant aid in water treatment applications, assisting in the removal of impurities from water.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in the formulation of electrolyte solutions for batteries and fuel cells, enhancing their conductivity and stability.

Carbowax PEG 540 is employed as a processing aid in polymer production, improving the melt flow and processability of polymers.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in metal coatings as a dispersing agent, aiding in the uniform application and distribution of metal coatings.

Carbowax PEG 540 is used in the formulation of inks and toners for printing applications, enhancing the dispersibility and flow properties of pigments.
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a dispersing agent in ceramic mold release applications, aiding in the easy release of molded ceramic components.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in personal lubricants, providing smoothness and lubrication for intimate activities.

Carbowax PEG 540 is employed in the formulation of adhesive products, improving the adhesive properties and workability.
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a viscosity modifier in various applications, improving the flow properties and stability of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application as a co-solvent in fragrance formulations, aiding in the solubility and dispersibility of fragrance ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized as a stabilizer in cosmetic and personal care products, enhancing the stability and shelf life of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used as a plasticizer in polymer production, improving the flexibility and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a carrier for active ingredients in transdermal patches, facilitating their controlled release into the skin.
Carbowax PEG 540 is employed as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.

Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in the formulation of industrial cleaning products, aiding in the solubility and removal of contaminants.
Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized as a dispersant in the formulation of dyes and pigments, improving their dispersion and color stability.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in the production of ceramic glazes, aiding in the dispersion and adhesion of glaze materials.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in the formulation of personal care products such as lotions, creams, and shampoos, providing moisturizing and conditioning effects.


Carbowax PEG 540 (Polyethylene Glycol 540) has various applications across different industries.
Here are some of its common uses:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carbowax PEG 540 is used as a solubilizer, emulsifier, and wetting agent in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 540 enhances the solubility and bioavailability of active ingredients in oral and topical preparations.

Cosmetic and Personal Care Products:
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as an emollient in cosmetic and personal care products, providing moisturizing and softening effects.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in lotions, creams, hair conditioners, and shampoos.

Industrial Processes:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in industrial processes as a solvent, dispersing agent, and lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in the formulation of adhesives, paints, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.

Ointments and Creams:
Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized in the production of ointments and creams, providing a smooth and spreadable texture.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the emulsification and stabilization of the formulations.

Textile Industry:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in textile auxiliaries as a solubilizer, dispersing agent, and wetting agent.
Carbowax PEG 540 improves the dispersibility and stability of dyes, pigments, and other additives.

Household and Industrial Cleaners:
Carbowax PEG 540 is employed in the formulation of household and industrial cleaning products.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the solubilization and dispersing of ingredients, enhancing the cleaning performance.

Emulsion Formulations:
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in the formulation of stable emulsions, providing stability and uniformity to products such as creams, lotions, and other emulsion-based formulations.

Paints and Coatings:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in the production of paints and coatings as a dispersing agent for pigments and additives.
Carbowax PEG 540 improves the dispersibility and color stability of the formulations.

Adhesives and Sealants:
Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized as a base material and emulsifying agent in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in improving the cohesion, adhesion, and workability of these products.

Industrial Lubricants:
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a lubricant in various industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in metalworking fluids, cutting oils, and other lubricating applications.

Food Industry:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in the food industry as a dispersing agent and emulsifier.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the formulation of food products, such as sauces, dressings, and confectionery, improving texture and stability.

Agriculture:
Carbowax PEG 540 is used in agriculture as a dispersing agent and wetting agent in pesticide formulations.
Carbowax PEG 540 helps improve the spreadability and efficacy of agricultural chemicals.

Ceramic Processing: Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized in ceramic processing as a binder and plasticizer. It aids in shaping and forming ceramic materials, improving their workability and flexibility.

Paper and Pulp Industry:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in the paper and pulp industry as a wetting agent and dispersant.
Carbowax PEG 540 helps in fiber dispersion and improves the efficiency of paper production processes.

Water Treatment:
Carbowax PEG 540 is employed in water treatment applications as a flocculating agent and coagulant aid.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the removal of impurities and solid particles from water.

Electrolyte Solutions:
The compound is used in the formulation of electrolyte solutions for batteries, fuel cells, and energy storage systems.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in improving the conductivity and stability of these solutions.

Polymer Processing:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in polymer processing as a processing aid and viscosity modifier.
Carbowax PEG 540 improves the processability and melt flow of polymers during manufacturing.

Metal Coatings:
Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized in metal coatings as a leveling agent and dispersing agent.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the uniform application and distribution of metal coatings, improving their appearance and performance.

Inks and Toners:
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in the formulation of inks and toners for printing applications.
Carbowax PEG 540 helps improve the dispersibility and flow properties of the pigments and additives.

Personal Lubricants:
Carbowax PEG 540 is employed in the formulation of personal lubricants for intimate use.
Carbowax PEG 540 provides smoothness and lubrication during intimate activities.

Ceramic Mold Release:
Carbowax PEG 540 is used as a mold release agent in ceramic molding processes.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the easy release of molded ceramic components from the molds.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 540 is a polyethylene glycol variant with a molecular weight of approximately 540 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 540 is a clear, viscous liquid with a low volatility.
Carbowax PEG 540 exhibits excellent solubility in water.

Carbowax PEG 540 has a relatively low viscosity, making it easy to handle and mix.
Carbowax PEG 540 possesses emulsifying properties, enabling the formation of stable emulsions.Carbowax PEG 540 is commonly used as a solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations.

Carbowax PEG 540 aids in enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of active ingredients in oral and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 540 is employed as an emollient in cosmetic and personal care products.
Carbowax PEG 540 provides moisturizing and softening effects on the skin and hair.

Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in the production of ointments and creams.
Carbowax PEG 540 serves as a wetting agent, aiding in the spreading and absorption of liquids.

Carbowax PEG 540 acts as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 540 has excellent dispersing properties, aiding in the uniform distribution of substances.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, paints, and coatings.
Carbowax PEG 540 improves the stability and dispersibility of pigments and additives in these formulations.

Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized as a solubilizer and dispersing agent in textile auxiliaries.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in the formulation of stable emulsions and dispersions in the cosmetics industry.
Carbowax PEG 540 is compatible with a wide range of ingredients and materials used in formulations.

Carbowax PEG 540 is hygroscopic, attracting and retaining moisture from the surroundings.
Carbowax PEG 540 exhibits good thermal stability under a range of temperature conditions.
Carbowax PEG 540 is chemically stable and compatible with a variety of other substances.

Carbowax PEG 540 is used as a base material for the formulation of different products.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds application in the production of household and industrial cleaners.
Carbowax PEG 540 is versatile and widely employed in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and industrial processes.

Carbowax PEG 540, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 540, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 540 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 540 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 540 is commonly used in various industries for its solvent properties, emulsifying capabilities, and as a base material for the formulation of different products.

Carbowax PEG 540 finds applications in pharmaceuticals as a solubilizer, emulsifier, and wetting agent.
Carbowax PEG 540 aids in improving the solubility and stability of active ingredients in various formulations, including oral solutions, suspensions, and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 540 also finds use in the production of ointments and creams.

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Carbowax PEG 540 serves as an emollient, providing moisturizing and softening effects on the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 540 can be found in products such as lotions, creams, hair conditioners, and shampoos.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 540 is utilized in industrial applications as a solvent, dispersing agent, and lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 540 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, paints, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its ability to improve the dispersibility and stability of substances makes it valuable in various chemical processes.
Overall, Carbowax PEG 540 is a versatile compound with a range of applications, primarily in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and industrial processes.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 11 to 12.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 540 g/mol.
Physical State: Clear, viscous liquid.
Odor: Mild, almost odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Viscosity: Relatively high viscosity.
Melting Point: Approximately 10 - 18 °C (50 - 64 °F).
Boiling Point: Approximately 300 - 315 °C (572 - 599 °F).
Flash Point: > 200 °C (> 392 °F) (Closed Cup).
Density: Approximately 1.10 - 1.12 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: < 0.1 mmHg at 25 °C (77 °F).
Vapor Density: > 1 (Air = 1).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under varying temperature and pH conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Relatively low evaporation rate.
Surface Tension: Approximately 40 - 45 mN/m at 20 °C (68 °F).
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.46 - 1.48 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Dielectric Constant: Approximately 30 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Heat Capacity: Approximately 2.2 - 2.4 J/g·°C.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of pH levels.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhalation of vapors or mists occurs, remove the affected person to an area with fresh air.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, provide artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.
If breathing has stopped, initiate CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) while waiting for medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and immediately rinse the affected skin with plenty of water.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with mild soap and water.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness develops or if the area of skin affected is large.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes immediately and continuously with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough flushing of the eyes.
Remove contact lenses, if applicable, after the initial rinse.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if there is no initial discomfort or irritation.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical staff with detailed information about the product ingested.


General Advice:

If any symptoms develop or persist after initial first aid, seek medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with relevant information about the product, its ingredients, and the exposure.
In case of large spills or leaks, contain the material and prevent it from entering drains or waterways.
In the event of a fire involving Carbowax PEG 540, use suitable extinguishing media such as foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Do not use water jet.
If necessary, wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when dealing with spills or leaks.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to minimize the risk of inhalation of vapors or mists.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.
If working with the product in an enclosed space, use respiratory protection if necessary.
Use appropriate engineering controls, such as local exhaust ventilation, to maintain airborne concentrations below recommended exposure limits.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Handle the product in accordance with good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Carbowax PEG 540.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 540 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store the product away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Ensure proper labeling and segregation to prevent accidental misuse or mixing with other substances.
Follow any specific storage requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.
Store the product in containers made of suitable materials that are compatible with Carbowax PEG 540.
Keep the product out of the reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or releases during storage.
Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 540 near open flames, sparks, or sources of ignition.
Store the product in a separate and dedicated storage area, away from food, beverages, and feed.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 540
PEG 540
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 540
Polyethylene oxide 540
Macrogol 540
Carbowax 540
Polyglycol 540
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 540
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 540
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 540
PEG 540 monomethyl ether
PEG 540 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 540 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 540
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 540
Carbowax MPEG 540
Carbowax mPEG 540
Carbowax PM540
Carbowax 22M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 540
Polyethylene glycol 540 monostearate
PEG 540 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 540
PEG stearate 540
Polyethylene Glycol 540
PEG 540
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 540
Polyethylene oxide 540
Macrogol 540
Carbowax 540
Polyglycol 540
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 540
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 540
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 540
PEG 540 monomethyl ether
PEG 540 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 540 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 540
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 540
Carbowax MPEG 540
Carbowax mPEG 540
Carbowax PM540
Carbowax 22M
Carbowax 1540
Carbowax WSR 540
Polyethylene glycol 540 monostearate
PEG 540 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 540
PEG stearate 540
Polyethylene glycol ether 540
PEG ether 540
Polyethylene glycol derivative 540
PEG derivative 540
Carbowax PEG MW 540
PEG 540 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 540
PEG 540 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 5400
PEG 540 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 540
Carbowax MPEG 5400
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 540
PEG 540 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 540
CARBOWAX PEG 600


Carbowax PEG 600, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 600, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 600 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 600 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 600 is a clear, viscous liquid that is commonly used in various industries for its solvent properties, emulsifying capabilities, and as a base material for the formulation of different products.

CAS number: 25322-68-3
EC number: 500-038-2



APPLICATIONS


Carbowax PEG 600 is commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations as a solubilizer, aiding in the dissolution and stabilization of active ingredients.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application as an emollient in cosmetics and personal care products, providing moisturizing and softening effects on the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 600 is employed in the production of ointments and creams, improving their spreadability and texture.
Carbowax PEG 600 serves as a wetting agent in agricultural formulations, aiding in the spreadability and efficacy of pesticides and herbicides.

Carbowax PEG 600 is used in the formulation of stable emulsions in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application as a dispersing agent in the paper and pulp industry, aiding in the dispersion of fibers and improving the efficiency of paper production processes.
Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized in ceramic processing as a binder and plasticizer, aiding in shaping and forming ceramic materials.
Carbowax PEG 600 serves as a flocculating agent and coagulant aid in water treatment applications, assisting in the removal of impurities from water.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in the formulation of electrolyte solutions for batteries and fuel cells, enhancing their conductivity and stability.

Carbowax PEG 600 is employed as a processing aid in polymer production, improving the melt flow and processability of polymers.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application in metal coatings as a dispersing agent, aiding in the uniform application and distribution of metal coatings.
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in the formulation of inks and toners for printing applications, enhancing the dispersibility and flow properties of pigments.

Carbowax PEG 600 serves as a dispersing agent in ceramic mold release applications, aiding in the easy release of molded ceramic components.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in personal lubricants, providing smoothness and lubrication for intimate activities.
Carbowax PEG 600 is employed in the formulation of adhesive products, improving the adhesive properties and workability.

Carbowax PEG 600 serves as a viscosity modifier in various applications, improving the flow properties and stability of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application as a co-solvent in fragrance formulations, aiding in the solubility and dispersibility of fragrance ingredients.

Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized as a stabilizer in cosmetic and personal care products, enhancing the stability and shelf life of formulations.
Carbowax PEG 600 is used as a plasticizer in polymer production, improving the flexibility and workability of materials.
Carbowax PEG 600 serves as a carrier for active ingredients in transdermal patches, facilitating their controlled release into the skin.
Carbowax PEG 600 is employed as a lubricant in industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.

Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in the formulation of industrial cleaning products, aiding in the solubility and removal of contaminants.
Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized as a dispersant in the formulation of dyes and pigments, improving their dispersion and color stability.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application in the production of ceramic glazes, aiding in the dispersion and adhesion of glaze materials.
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in the formulation of personal care products such as lotions, creams, and shampoos, providing moisturizing and conditioning effects.


Carbowax PEG 600 (Polyethylene Glycol 600) has various applications across different industries.
Here are some of its common uses:

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carbowax PEG 600 is used as a solubilizer, emulsifier, and wetting agent in pharmaceutical formulations.
Carbowax PEG 600 enhances the solubility and bioavailability of active ingredients in oral and topical preparations.

Cosmetic and Personal Care Products:
Carbowax PEG 600 serves as an emollient in cosmetic and personal care products, providing moisturizing and softening effects on the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in lotions, creams, hair conditioners, and shampoos.

Industrial Processes:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application in industrial processes as a solvent, dispersing agent, and lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in the formulation of adhesives, paints, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.

Ointments and Creams:
Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized in the production of ointments and creams, providing a smooth and spreadable texture.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in the emulsification and stabilization of the formulations.

Textile Industry:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in textile auxiliaries as a solubilizer, dispersing agent, and wetting agent.
Carbowax PEG 600 improves the dispersibility and stability of dyes, pigments, and other additives.

Household and Industrial Cleaners:
Carbowax PEG 600 is employed in the formulation of household and industrial cleaning products.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in the solubilization and dispersing of ingredients, enhancing the cleaning performance.

Ceramic Processing:
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in ceramic processing as a binder and plasticizer.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in shaping and forming ceramic materials, improving their workability and flexibility.

Adhesives and Sealants:
Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized as a base material and emulsifying agent in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in improving the cohesion, adhesion, and workability of these products.

Industrial Lubricants:
Carbowax PEG 600 serves as a lubricant in various industrial processes, reducing friction and improving material flow.
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in metalworking fluids, cutting oils, and other lubricating applications.

Agriculture:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application in agriculture as a wetting agent and dispersant in pesticide formulations.
Carbowax PEG 600 helps improve the spreadability and efficacy of agricultural chemicals.

Food Industry:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application in the food industry as a dispersing agent and emulsifier.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in the formulation of food products, such as sauces, dressings, and confectionery, improving texture and stability.

Candle Making:
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in candle making as a binder and viscosity modifier.
Carbowax PEG 600 helps improve the stability and burn characteristics of candles.

Paper and Pulp Industry:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in the paper and pulp industry as a wetting agent and dispersant.
Carbowax PEG 600 helps in fiber dispersion and improves the efficiency of paper production processes.

Water Treatment:
Carbowax PEG 600 is employed in water treatment applications as a flocculating agent and coagulant aid.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in the removal of impurities and solid particles from water.

Electrolyte Solutions:
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in the formulation of electrolyte solutions for batteries, fuel cells, and energy storage systems.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in improving the conductivity and stability of these solutions.

Polymer Processing:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds application in polymer processing as a processing aid and viscosity modifier.
Carbowax PEG 600 improves the processability and melt flow of polymers during manufacturing.

Ink and Dye Transfer Prevention:
Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized as an additive in laundry detergents to prevent ink and dye transfer during washing.
Carbowax PEG 600 helps in preserving the color and appearance of fabrics.

Hydrogels:
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in the formulation of hydrogels, which are water-absorbent polymers.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds applications in wound dressings, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering.

Personal Care Wipes:
Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in the formulation of personal care wipes, providing moisturizing and cleansing properties.

Coatings and Paints:
Carbowax PEG 600 is employed in the formulation of coatings and paints as a viscosity modifier and leveling agent.
Carbowax PEG 600 helps in achieving desired flow and surface smoothness.

Soil Remediation:
Carbowax PEG 600 is used in soil remediation processes to aid in the removal of contaminants and improve soil properties.



DESCRIPTION


Carbowax PEG 600, also known as Polyethylene Glycol 600, is a variant of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
Carbowax PEG 600 is a polyether compound with a molecular weight of approximately 600 g/mol.
Carbowax PEG 600 is a clear, viscous liquid that is commonly used in various industries for its solvent properties, emulsifying capabilities, and as a base material for the formulation of different products.

Carbowax PEG 600 finds applications in pharmaceuticals as a solubilizer, emulsifier, and wetting agent.
Carbowax PEG 600 aids in improving the solubility and stability of active ingredients in various formulations, including oral solutions, suspensions, and topical preparations.
Carbowax PEG 600 also finds use in the production of ointments and creams.

In the cosmetics and personal care industry, Carbowax PEG 600 serves as an emollient, providing moisturizing and softening effects on the skin and hair.
Carbowax PEG 600 can be found in products such as lotions, creams, hair conditioners, and shampoos.

Furthermore, Carbowax PEG 600 is utilized in industrial applications as a solvent, dispersing agent, and lubricant.
Carbowax PEG 600 finds use in the formulation of adhesives, paints, coatings, and textile auxiliaries.
Its ability to improve the dispersibility and stability of substances makes it valuable in various chemical processes.
Overall, Carbowax PEG 600 is a versatile compound with a range of applications, primarily in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and industrial processes.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C2nH4n+2On+1, where n is typically in the range of 26 to 27.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 600 g/mol.
Physical State: Clear, viscous liquid.
Odor: Mild, almost odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water.
Viscosity: Relatively high viscosity.
Melting Point: Approximately 18 - 20 °C (64 - 68 °F).
Boiling Point: Approximately 250 - 260 °C (482 - 500 °F).
Flash Point: > 200 °C (> 392 °F) (Closed Cup).
Density: Approximately 1.12 - 1.13 g/cm³ at 20 °C (68 °F).
pH: Neutral (approximately 6 - 7).
Vapor Pressure: < 0.1 mmHg at 25 °C (77 °F).
Vapor Density: > 1 (Air = 1).
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, attracting and retaining moisture.
Solvent Power: Demonstrates excellent solvent power for a wide range of substances.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of organic solvents.
Stability: Exhibits good stability under varying temperature and pH conditions.
Toxicity: Considered low toxicity and safe for various applications.
Skin Absorption: Can be absorbed through the skin.
Evaporation Rate: Relatively low evaporation rate.
Surface Tension: Approximately 38 - 42 mN/m at 20 °C (68 °F).
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.46 - 1.48 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Dielectric Constant: Approximately 25 at 20 °C (68 °F).
Heat Capacity: Approximately 2.3 - 2.5 J/g·°C.
pH Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of pH levels.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to minimize the risk of inhalation of vapors or mists.
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists.
If working with the product in an enclosed space, use respiratory protection if necessary.
Use appropriate engineering controls, such as local exhaust ventilation, to maintain airborne concentrations below recommended exposure limits.
Avoid contact with incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Handle the product in accordance with good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Carbowax PEG 600.


Storage:

Store Carbowax PEG 600 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store the product away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals.
Ensure proper labeling and segregation to prevent accidental misuse or mixing with other substances.
Follow any specific storage requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or manufacturer's instructions.

Store the product in containers made of suitable materials that are compatible with Carbowax PEG 600.
Keep the product out of the reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Implement appropriate measures to prevent spills, leaks, or releases during storage.
Avoid storing Carbowax PEG 600 near open flames, sparks, or sources of ignition.
Store the product in a separate and dedicated storage area, away from food, beverages, and feed.


Transportation:

When transporting Carbowax PEG 600, ensure compliance with applicable local, national, and international regulations.
Use appropriate containers and packaging to prevent spills or leaks during transportation.
Secure the containers properly to prevent damage or breakage.
Follow any specific transportation requirements provided on the product's safety data sheet (SDS) or regulatory guidelines.
Avoid transportation with incompatible materials or substances.
Use proper handling and lifting techniques to avoid accidents or injuries during transportation.



SYNONYMS


Polyethylene Glycol 600
PEG 600
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 600
Polyethylene oxide 600
Macrogol 600
Carbowax 600
Polyglycol 600
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 600
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 600
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 600
PEG 600 monomethyl ether
PEG 600 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 600 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 600
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 600
Carbowax MPEG 600
Carbowax mPEG 600
Carbowax PM600
Carbowax 24M
Carbowax 1560
Carbowax WSR 600
Polyethylene glycol 600 monostearate
PEG 600 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 600
PEG stearate 600
Polyethylene Glycol 600
PEG 600
Poly(oxyethylene) glycol 600
Polyethylene oxide 600
Macrogol 600
Carbowax 600
Polyglycol 600
Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 600
Polyethylene glycol methoxyethyl ether 600
Polyethylene glycol monoethyl ether 600
PEG 600 monomethyl ether
PEG 600 methoxyethyl ether
PEG 600 monoethyl ether
Carbowax Methoxypolyethylene glycol 600
Carbowax Methoxy PEG 600
Carbowax MPEG 600
Carbowax mPEG 600
Carbowax PM600
Carbowax 24M
Carbowax 1560
Carbowax WSR 600
Polyethylene glycol 600 monostearate
PEG 600 monostearate
Polyethylene glycol stearate 600
PEG stearate 600
Polyethylene glycol ether 600
PEG ether 600
Polyethylene glycol derivative 600
PEG derivative 600
Carbowax PEG MW 600
PEG 600 monomethylether
Polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether 600
PEG 600 methoxypolyethylene glycol
Carbowax PEG 6000
PEG 600 polyethylene glycol
Carbowax Polyglycol 600
Carbowax MPEG 6000
Polyethylene glycol monobutyl ether 600
PEG 600 monobutyl ether
Carbowax Butyl PEG 600
CARBOWAX PEG 8000
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is a surfactant that is readily chosen for applications in many industries due to its properties.
As a softening and anti-electrostatic agent, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is primarily used in household chemicals, ceramic, paper, beauty and metal industries.
The compound with an INCI name CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is a surfactant that belongs to the group of polyoxyethylene glycols.

CAS: 25322-68-3
MF: N/A
EINECS: 500-038-2

CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is a solid white to light yellow wax with a faint yet characteristic odour.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 dissolves very well in water.
A 10% aqueous solution of the surfactant has the form of a homogeneous and clear liquid.
Besides water, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is equally soluble in low aliphatic alcohols such as methanol or ethanol.
The molar mass of CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is high, i.e. approx. 8000 g/mol.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000's density is approx. 1.08 g/mL (at the temperature of 70ᵒC), while the solidification point of PEG-180 is approx. 55ᵒC.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is safe, non-toxic and non-irritating.

CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is primarily an emulsifier for formulations.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 efficiently combines water phase with oil phase ingredients.
As a surfactant, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 “positions” itself at the phase boundary and as it penetrates the phases, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 reduces the surface tension, whereby an emulsion may form.
As a result, a cream, milk or lotion has the right consistency (it does not break) although CARBOWAX PEG 8000 contains ingredients of different chemical nature.

CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is used in hair care products such as conditions, shampoos, sera or masks.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 acts as a humectant there.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is responsible for moisture retention at the right level.
Thus upon application of products containing CARBOWAX PEG 8000, hair is much more nourished and keeps its natural shine.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is also used as a thickening agent in beauty cosmetics.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is readily chosen by cosmetic branch formulators due to the ease of application or its properties that modify the viscosity of formulations.
Besides the use in care cosmetics, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is used as an ingredient of dishwasher or laundry tablets.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 functions as a carrier of active substances and also as a binder.

Besides the beauty industry, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is used in lubricants or synthetic liquids designed for machining.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is also an ingredient of heat transfer fluids.
Similarly to other compounds that belong to the broad PEG group, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 features good anti-adhesive properties that are used in rubber and elastomer processing.
They make CARBOWAX PEG 8000 possible to separate the cast from the mould in a more effective manner, without causing damage to the cast, and to save raw materials and time.
This results in a major improvement of rubber processing.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is also a component used in electrolytic coating processes.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is used as an auxiliary agent in the textile industry as well.
Ceramic processes use CARBOWAX PEG 8000 too.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 acts as a plasticiser and binder.

The Food and Drug Administration has issued a positive opinion on the use of CARBOWAX PEG 8000 as an indirect food additive.
On that account, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is used in the production of food packaging based on biopolymers.

CARBOWAX PEG 8000 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Fp: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
NIST Chemistry Reference: CARBOWAX PEG 8000 (25322-68-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: CARBOWAX PEG 8000 (25322-68-3)

Pharmaceutical Applications
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations, including parenteral, topical, ophthalmic, oral, and rectal preparations.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 has been used experimentally in biodegradable polymeric matrices used in controlled-release systems.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is stable, hydrophilic substances that are essentially nonirritant to the skin;They do not readily penetrate the skin, although the polyethylene glycols are water-soluble and are easily removed from the skin by washing, making them useful as ointment bases.

Solid grades are generally employed in topical ointments, with the consistency of the base being adjusted by the addition of liquid grades of CARBOWAX PEG 8000.
Mixtures of CARBOWAX PEG 8000 can be used as suppository bases,for which they have many advantages over fats.
For example, the melting point of the suppository can be made higher to withstand exposure to warmer climates; release of the drug is not dependent upon melting point; the physical stability on storage is better; and suppositories are readily miscible with rectal fluids.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 has the following disadvantages: they are chemically more reactive than fats; greater care is needed in processing to avoid inelegant contraction holes in the suppositories; the rate of release of water-soluble medications decreases with the increasing molecular weight of the CARBOWAX PEG 8000; and polyethylene glycols tend to be more irritating to mucous membranes than fats.

Aqueous CARBOWAX PEG 8000 solutions can be used either as suspending agents or to adjust the viscosity and consistency of other suspending vehicles.
When used in conjunction with other emulsifiers, CARBOWAX PEG 8000 can act as emulsion stabilizers.
Liquid CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is used as water-miscible solvents for the contents of soft gelatin capsules.
However, they may cause hardening of the capsule shell by preferential absorption of moisture from gelatin in the shell.
In concentrations up to approximately 30% v/v, PEG 300 and PEG 400 have been used as the vehicle for parenteral dosage forms.
In solid-dosage formulations, higher-molecular-weight CARBOWAX PEG 8000 can enhance the effectiveness of tablet binders and impart plasticity to granules.

However, they have only limited binding action when used alone, and can prolong disintegration if present in concentrations greater than 5% w/w.
When used for thermoplastic granulations,a mixture of the powdered constituents with 10–15% w/w PEG 6000 is heated to 70–75°C.
The mass becomes pastelike and forms granules if stirred while cooling.
This technique is useful for the preparation of dosage forms such as lozenges when prolonged disintegration is required.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 can also be used to enhance the aqueous solubility or dissolution characteristics of poorly soluble compounds by making solid dispersions with an appropriate polyethylene glycol.

Animal studies have also been performed using CARBOWAX PEG 8000 as solvents for steroids in osmotic pumps.
In film coatings, solid grades of CARBOWAX PEG 8000 can be used alone for the film-coating of tablets or can be useful as hydrophilic polishing materials.
Solid grades are also widely used as plasticizers in conjunction with film-forming polymers.
The presence of CARBOWAX PEG 8000 in film coats, especially of liquid grades, tends to increase their water permeability and may reduce protection against low pH in enteric-coating films.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 is useful as plasticizers in microencapsulated products to avoid rupture of the coating film when the microcapsules are compressed into tablets.

CARBOWAX PEG 8000 grades with molecular weights of 6000 and above can be used as lubricants, particularly for soluble tablets.
The lubricant action is not as good as that of magnesium stearate, and stickiness may develop if the material becomes too warm during compression.
An antiadherent effect is also exerted, again subject to the avoidance of overheating.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 has been used in the preparation of urethane hydrogels, which are used as controlled-release agents.
CARBOWAX PEG 8000 has also been used in insulin-loaded microparticles for the oral delivery of insulin;it has been used in inhalation preparations to improve aerosolization;CARBOWAX PEG 8000 nanoparticles have been used to improve the oral bioavailability of cyclosporine;CARBOWAX PEG 8000 has been used in self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles as a drug carrier;and copolymer networks of CARBOWAX PEG 8000 grafted with poly(methacrylic acid) have been used as bioadhesive controlled drug delivery formulations.

Toxicity evaluation
Many years of human experience in the workplace and in the use of consumer products containing CARBOWAX PEG 8000 has not shown any adverse health effects, except in situations where very high doses are administered to hypersusceptible individuals or persons with underlying diseases.

Synonyms
1,2-ethanediol,homopolymer
2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Polyoxy-1
Alcox E 160
Alcox E 30
alcoxe30
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 600,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 200,000
Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000
CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a white or almost white solid with a waxy or paraffin-like appearance.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.


CAS Number: 25322-68-3
EC Number : 500-038-2
MDL number: MFCD00081839
INCI Name: PEG-180
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-, (180 mol EO average molar ratio)
Food additive: E1521
Classification: PEG/PPG , Ethoxylated compound , Glycol , Synthetic polymer
Chemical Family: Polyethylene Glycols, Polyols
Linear Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH



PEG, Poly(ethylene glycol), Polyethyleneglycol 8000, Macrogol 8000, Macrogols 8000, Poly(ethylene glycol), Polyethyleneglycol 8000, PEG 8k, Polyethylene glycol, Poly(ethylene glycol), Polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide standard 511000, Poly(ethylene oxide), macrogol, poly(oxyethylene), Polyethylene glycol PEG, Aquacide III, PEG 1000, PEG 6000, MB Grade (1.12033), Ethylene glycol 8000 polymer, Polyethyleneglycol, Polyethylene Glycol 5000000,
PolyethyleneoxideMW, PEG 200-8000, Tri-(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate, Polyethylene glycol - 6000 grade, PEG 200, PEG 400, PEG 6000, Poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, PEG 600, Polyethyleneoxidemonomethacryloxymonotrimethylsiloxyterminated, -Methacryloxy(polyethyleneoxy)trimethylsilane, PEG, Poly ethylene glycol, Carmowax, carbowax, PEG 8000, Polyethylene glycol series, Polyethylene Glycol, Polyethylene glygcol, Polyethylene Glycol 8000, HO-[CH2CH2O]n-H, CAS Number-25322-68-3, Polyethylene Oxide, Carbowax, PEG 8000, Polyethylene Glycol, Macrogol, 25322-68-3, CARBOWAX 8000, CARBOWAX PEG 8000, LIPO POLYGLYCOL 8000,
LUMULSE PEG 8000, MACROGOL 8000, PEG 8000, PEG-180, PEG-180 [INCI], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000 [II], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000 [USP-RS], POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000 [VANDF], POLYGLYKOL 8000, UPIWAX 8000, Carbowax 8000 PEG Sentry Gran, CARBOWAX™ SENTRY™ POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000 GRANULAR NF, FCC GRADE, MACROGOL 8000 Ph. Eur. Carbowax, PEG, Poly(Ethylene Oxide), Alkapol PEG-8000, Macrogol, α-Hydro-ο-hydroxypoly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)



High molecular weight Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a white to off-white waxy material in flakes, granules, and powdered form.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 has low glycol content and higher crystallinity.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a white or almost white solid with a waxy or paraffin-like appearance.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a hard, waxy solid having the appearance of thin, irregularly shaped shards.


Chemically equivalent to Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000's spherical granular counterpart, being produced from the same molten material.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a white or almost white solid with a waxy or paraffin-like appearance.
Owing to the lower surface area as compared to the granular form, the flaked grade exhibits longer relative dissolution times in water-based applications.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 contains the added stabilizer, BHT, at a nominal concentration of 100 PPM.
High molecular weight Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000, a hydrophilic polymer, is easily synthesized by the anionic ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide, into a range molecular weights and variety of end groups.
On being incorporated into networks by crosslinking, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can have high water content, forming “hydrogels”.


Hydrogel formation can be initiated by either crosslinking Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 by ionizing radiation or by covalent crosslinking of PEG macromers with reactive chain ends.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.
Melting Point of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is 55°-60°C


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a water-soluble linear polymer formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a suitable compound with a wide scope in biological applications since it does not elicit any immune responses.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 has been shown to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides for enhanced solubility.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 has low toxicity with systemic absorption less than 0.5%.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a polyethylene glycol having white to off white color and available in solid flakes or powder form.
The high molecular weight Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is soluble in water and organic solvents such as alcohols.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can blend with other PEG molecular weights to achieve the desired viscosity properties.
Additionally, photopolymerized Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 hydrogels have emerging applications in the fabrication of bioactive and immune-isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is colorless, inert, odorless, and non-volatile. Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is biocompatible (it won’t damage tissues or cells), hydrophilic, dissolves readily in water without changing the color odor or taste and is nontoxic.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a high-quality reagent that has been certified by the National Formulary (NF), which makes it suitable for biological substances, dosage forms, compounded preparations, medical devices, and dietary supplements.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is very soluble in water and in methylene chloride, very slightly soluble in alcohol, practically insoluble in fatty oils and in mineral oils.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 will not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions
Versatile, water-miscible vehicle used as solvent and solubilising agent for active substances and excipients in liquid and semi-sollid preapration.


High-molecular weight Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a white or almost white solid with a waxy or paraffin-like appearance.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 used as a base in the formulation of soap sticks.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 has low glycol content and higher crystalinity.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000's high molecular weight mainly prompts its use in pharmaceutical formulations as solvent for oral, topical and parenteral preparations.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is PEG-180-based mold release agent and plasticizer.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is very soluble in water and in methylene chloride, very slightly soluble in alcohol, practically_x000D_ insoluble in fatty oils and in mineral oils.


The kinetics of the ligation in the cloning of DNA-fragments into bacteriophage M13-vectors can be improved by the inclusion of 5% Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 has a molecular weight of 8000 and is sold in its granular form.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can be hydrated to be a clear, colorless, viscous liquid.
This is the highest molecular weight sold and will provide the highest viscosity.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used high quality polysorbates available for use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and feed industry.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 has been used in the precipitation of proteins, as a fusing agent in enhancing the effect of macrophages on hybridoma, in the separation and purification of biomolecules and in induction of cell hybridization.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Key Applications of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000: Precipitation of proteins | Separation and purification of biomolecules.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a matrix in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industrial production to adjust viscosity and melting point.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used to preserve objects that have been retrieved from the ocean.
In fabricating elastomers, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 functions as a lubricant and mold releasing agent.
In pharmaceuticals, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 powder can function as a tablet and capsule lubricant.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as lubricant and coolant in rubber and metal processing industries.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as dispersant and emulsifier in the industrial production of pesticides and pigments.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as antistatic agent, lubricant, etc. in the textile industry.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in Adhesives, Ceramic BinderCeramic Binder, Chemical Intermediates, Detergents and Household Cleaners, Dye Carrier, Lubricants, Mining, Mold Release Agent, Plasticizer, and Wood Treating.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a plasticizer in tablet coating providing hardness as well as water solubility and lubricity.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals
Especially for the cloning with 'blunt-ended' DNA, the concentration of 'blunt'-DNA-ends plays a crucial role for the successful cloning.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a lubricant to coat aqueous and non-aqueous surfaces
Substances, that increase the so-called 'macromolecular crowding' and condense DNA molecules into aggregates, concentrate the DNA and increase the possibility, that DNA ends will meet and thereby improve the cloning result.


So, the DNA and enzyme concentration can be reduced.
Besides, such substances reduce the intramolecular ligation (religation).
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000, a hydrophilic polymer, is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
In gas chromatography, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a polar stationary phase.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.
In pharmaceutical industry, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used Chromatography (GC & HPLC), Decontamination & cleaning, Karl Fischer titration, Kjeldahl analysis, Microbiology & cell culture, Proteinbiochemistry, Spectroscopy & MS, Titration
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 acts as a lubricant, coating the surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as an inactive ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent, plasticizer, surfactant, ointments and suppository base, and tablet and capsule lubricant.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used as a fusogen (induces cell hybridization) to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production.


As a dispersant, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in toothpastes.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.
For 'blunt end' cloning the recommended Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 concentration is 15%.


Stock solutions of Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 are prepared with deionized water and stored at -20°C in small aliquots.
In gas chromatography, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.


As a dispersant, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in toothpastes.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.
In pharmaceutical industry, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as matrix in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry to regulate viscosity and melting point.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in the precipitation of phage, isolation of plasmid DNA and the enhancement of blunt-ended ligation reactions.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used Fragrance carrier, Ceramics, Automotive sprays, Household cleaners, Dye carrier, Lubricants, Mining, Mold release agent, Plasticizer, and Wood treating.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
In gas chromatography, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as lubricant and coolant in rubber and metal processing industry, dispersant and emulsifier in pesticide and pigment industry production.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as antistatic agent and lubricant in textile industry.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 maintains wet-tack strength and is used in pressure-sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
As a dispersant, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used in toothpastes.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as solvent, antifreeze and raw material for synthetic polyester.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000, a high polymer of ethylene glycol, is a phase transfer catalyst and is also used in cell fusion
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000meets the requirements for use under food additive regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is often utilized in mass spectrometry experiments and as a polar stationary phase for Gas Chromatorgraphy.
In pharmaceutical industry, Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is vastly used for the isolation of plasmid DNA, precipitation of phage, modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is suitable as a medium for the fusion of mammalian cells.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used to precipitate bacteriophage from lysed cell supernatants.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is a partial list of applications include pharmaceutical products, personal care products, automotive products, household products, packaging products, petroleum chemicals, plastics, inks, coatings, adhesives, chemical intermediates, rubber processing, lubri.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is suitable as a medium for the fusion of mammalian cells.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is also used to precipitate bacteriophage from lysed cell supernatants.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is for research or further manufacturing use only, not for food or drug use.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used pharmaceutical products, personal care products, automotive products, household products, packaging products, petroleum chemicals, plastics, inks, coatings, adhesives, chemical interme, Industrial chemical intermediary, pharmaceutical products, personal care products, automotive products, household products, packaging products, petroleum chemicals, plastics, inks, coatings, adhesives, chemical intermediates, rubber processing, lubricants, metalworking fluids, mold releas, Surfactant.



Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can also be used as a chemical intermediate in drug formulation
Crystallization grade Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 for formulating screens or for optimization.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used Pharmaceuticals - excipients, Food contact, Cosmetic, Personal care, and Chemical intermediates.


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can be paired with surfactants (for example Kolliphor RH 40) to promote solubilization of poorly water-soluble APIs
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can be used for crystallization ihibition with polymers (for example Kollidon 12 PF)


Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 is used Fragrance carrier, Ceramics, Automotive sprays, Household cleaners, Dye carrier, Lubricants, Mining, Mold release agent, Plasticizer, Wood treating, and Powdered detergents.
Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can also be used as a chemical intermediate in drug formulation



BENEFITS OF CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
*Anti-caking properties in powder detergents
*Acts as a carrier for starch wetting for after wash automotive sprays
*Fragance carrier in scent booster beads
*Binder and plasticizer for green-body formation in ceramics
*Binder and plasticizer for green-body formation
*Anti-caking properties, and acts as a carrier for starch
*Water solubility
*Nonvolatility
*Inertness
*Lubricity



MARKET OF CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
*Chemical Synthesis,
*Cosmetics & Personal Care,
*Household & Industrial Cleaning,
*Meat,
*Baking, and Processed Food,
*Pharmaceutical,
*Nutritional & Healthcare



BENEFITS OF CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
*Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 will not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions
*Versatile, water-miscible vehicle used as solvent and solubilizing agent for active substances and excipients in liquid and semisolid preparation
*Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can be paired with surfactants (for example Kolliphor RH 40) to promote solubilization of poorly water-soluble APIs
*Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can be used for crystallization inhibition with polymers (for example Kollidon 12 PF)
*Carbowax Polyethylene Glycol 8000 can also be used as a chemical intermediate in drug formulation



FUNCTIONALITIES OF CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
*Plasticizers,
*Viscosity modifiers,
*Solubilizers
*Binder,
*Consistency factors & viscosity enhancement,
*Plasticization,
*Solvent,
*Structurants & matrix builders



FEATURES OF CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
*Sterile filtered solution
*Formulated in Type 1+ ultrapure water: 18.2 megaohm-cm resistivity at 25°C, < 5 ppb Total Organic Carbon, bacteria free (


BENEFITS OF
*Proven performance in a variety of excipient formulations
*Compliance with USP/NF and Ph. Eur. monographs
*Solubilize / disperse wide variety of components
*Tune formulation to achieve desired form (solid, liquid with certain viscosities and melt-freeze points)
*Attract and retain moisture—ideal for ointments and lotions



INDUSTRIES OF CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
*Pharmaceuticals especially the production of tablet binding and coating
*Research and pharmaceuticals as a chemical intermediate
Industrial lubricant applications



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
Molecular Weight: 7000-9000
Appearance Form: solid
Color: light yellow
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 57,5 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 205,7 °C at 977,6 hPa
Flash point: 138,6 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: < 0,01 hPa at 20 °C
Vapor density: No data available
Density: 1,116 g/cm3 at 20 °C at 975,5 hPa
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: 256,084 g/l at 25 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water

log Pow: -0,698 at 30 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Autoignition temperature: 360 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Physical Form: Solid
Average Number of Repeating Oxyethylene Units: 181
Range of Average Molecular Weight: 7000 – 9000
Range of Average Hydroxyl Number, mg KOH/g: 12 – 16
Density, g/cm3 at 70°C: 1.07
Melting or Freezing Range, °C: 55 – 62
Solubility in Water at 20°C, % by weight: 63
Viscosity at 100°C: cSt 500 - 900
Heat of Fusion: Cal/g 41

Color: White
Physical Form: Solid
Boiling Point: 200°C
Molecular Formula: (C2H4O)n
Density: 1.1g/mL
SMILES: [H]OCCO
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 62.07
Flash Point: 270°C
pH: 5.0 to 7.0
CAS: 25322-68-3
Melting Point: 55°C to 60°C
MDL Number: MFCD01779601
InChI Key: LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name: ethane-1,2-diol
Formula Weight: 7000 to 9000
Identification: Pass Test
Chemical Name or Material: Carbowax™ PEG 8000



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Take up dry.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Stored at room temperature.
But close the lid of the bottle tightly.
The product has a shelf life of at least 2 years.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOWAX POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions: No data available


CARBOXYACETIC ACID (MALONIC ACID)
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a useful organic compound with various benefits.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is IUPAC name is propanedioic acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) should not be confused with malic or maleic acid.

CAS Number: 141-82-2
Molecular Formula: C3H4O4
Molecular Weight: 104.06
EINECS Number: 205-503-0Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), propanedioic acid, 141-82-2, Dicarboxymethane, Carboxyacetic acid, Methanedicarboxylic acid, malonate, Kyselina malonova, USAF EK-695, 1,3-Propanedioic acid, Dicarboxylate, Malonicacid, Dicarboxylic acid, Kyselina malonova [Czech], NSC 8124, UNII-9KX7ZMG0MK, 9KX7ZMG0MK, AI3-15375, H2malo, EINECS 205-503-0, MFCD00002707, BRN 1751370, Methanedicarbonic acid, CHEBI:30794, Thallium malonate, HOOC-CH2-COOH, NSC-8124, Propane-1,3-dioic acid, alpha,omega-Dicarboxylic acid, DTXSID7021659, HSDB 8437, NSC8124, 4-02-00-01874 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 1,3-Propanoic acid, PROPANEDIOLIC ACID, METAHNEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 2fah, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), 99%, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) (8CI), 1o4m, MLI, Malonate dicarboxylic acid, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), 99.5%, Propanedioic acid (9CI), SCHEMBL336, WLN: QV1VQ, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) [MI], CH2(COOH)2, CHEMBL7942, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) [INCI], DTXCID401659, SCHEMBL1471092, BDBM14673, Propanedioic acid dithallium salt, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), analytical standard, AMY11201, BCP05571, STR00614, Tox21_200534, AC8295, LMFA01170041, s3029, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), ReagentPlus(R), 99%, AKOS000119034, CS-W019962, DB02175, PROPANEDIOIC ACID Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), NCGC00248681-01, NCGC00258088-01, BP-11453, CAS-141-82-2, SY001875, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, FT-0628127, FT-0628128, FT-0690260, FT-0693474, M0028, NS00013842, EN300-18457, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, C00383, C02028, C04025, Q421972, J-521669, Z57965450, F1908-0177, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), 592A9849-68C3-4635-AA3D-CBC44965EA3A, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), sublimed grade, >=99.95% trace metals basis, DICARBOXYLIC ACID C3; PROPANEDIOLIC ACID; METHANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, InChI=1/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), 99%, LML.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), also known as propanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) have three kinds of crystal forms, of which two are triclinic, and one is monoclinic.
That crystallized from ethanol is white triclinic crystals.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) decomposes to acetic acid and carbon dioxide at 140℃.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) does not decompose at 1.067×103~1.333×103Pa vacuum, but directly sublimates.
The ionised form of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.

For example, diethyl malonate is Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)'s ethyl ester.
The name originates from Latin malum, meaning apple.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a white crystalline solid that decomposes at approximately 135°C.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has high solubility in water and oxygenated solvents and exhibits greater acidity than acetic acid, which has a pK value of 4.75.
The pKa values for the loss of its first and second protons are 2.83 and 5.69, respectively.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is slightly soluble in pyridine.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can decompose to formic acid and carbon dioxide in case of potassium permanganate.
Since that Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) generates carbon dioxide and water after heated without pollution problems, it can be directly used as aluminum surface treatment agent.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a dicarboxylic acid belonging to the family of carboxylic acids.

A Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) contains two carboxylic acid functional groups.
Usually, a Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) exhibits the same chemical behavior as monocarboxylic acids.
This naturally occurs in certain fruits.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH₂(COOH)₂.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a compound containing two carboxylic acid functional groups (-COOH) attached to a central carbon atom.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is notable for its use in organic chemistry, particularly in the preparation of certain chemicals through a series of reactions known as the malonic ester synthesis.

In this synthesis, the diester of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is often used as a starting material to introduce a two-carbon unit into a molecule.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has a role as a human metabolite.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is an organic compound naturally found in some fruits.
Fruits produced in organic farming have greater concentrations of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) than those generated from conventional farming practices.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is often found in some citrus fruits and vegetables.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a component of food items, it is present in animals, including humans.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.

The ionized form of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.
For example, diethyl malonate is Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)'s diethyl ester.
The name originates from the Greek word μᾶλον (malon) meaning 'apple'.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a naturally occurring substance found in many fruits and vegetables.
There is a suggestion that citrus fruits produced in organic farming contain higher levels of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) than fruits produced in conventional agriculture.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), also known as malonate or H2MALO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.

These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans.

Within humans, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) participates in a number of enzymatic reactions.
In particular, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) and acetic acid can be converted into acetoacetic acid; which is mediated by the enzyme fatty acid synthase.
In addition, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) and coenzyme A can be biosynthesized from malonyl-CoA through its interaction with the enzyme fatty acid synthase.

An Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.
In humans, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Outside of the human body, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as red beetroots, corns, scarlet beans, common beets, and cow milks.

This could make Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as eosinophilic esophagitis, combined malonic and methylCarboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)uria, and early preeclampsia; Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder malonyl-coa decarboxylase deficiency.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a white crystalline solid at room temperature and is soluble in water.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has been used in various chemical reactions and organic syntheses due to its ability to act as a versatile building block for the introduction of carboxylic acid groups into organic molecules.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) synthesis is used to synthesise carboxylic acid derivatives by creating a substituted acetic acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) synthesis is a method used in organic chemistry to synthesise carboxylic acid derivatives.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) involves the alkylation and subsequent acidic hydrolysis of a malonic ester to create a substituted acetic acid.
The process is named after the reagent Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), which is used as the starting material in the reaction.
The first step in the Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) synthesis is the deprotonation of the malonic ester.

This is achieved by treating the ester with a strong base, typically sodium ethoxide.
This results in the formation of an enolate ion, which is a highly reactive species.
The enolate ion then undergoes alkylation.

This involves the reaction of the enolate ion with an alkyl halide, resulting in the substitution of a hydrogen atom on the Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) with an alkyl group.
This step can be repeated to introduce two alkyl groups onto the malonic ester.
The final step in the Malonic ester synthesis is the acidic hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the alkylated malonic ester.

This involves treating the ester with an acid, typically hydrochloric acid, and heating.
This results in the loss of a molecule of carbon dioxide and the formation of a substituted acetic acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) synthesis is a versatile method for the synthesis of carboxylic acid derivatives.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) allows for the introduction of a wide range of alkyl groups onto the acetic acid molecule, providing a method for the synthesis of a wide range of carboxylic acid derivatives.
The reaction conditions are relatively mild, and the reagents and starting materials are readily available, making it a practical method for the synthesis of carboxylic acid derivatives.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s the sodium salt, which is then reacted with sodium cyanide to provide the sodium salt of cyanoacetic acid via a nucleophilic substitution.

The nitrile group can be hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to sodium malonate, and acidification affords Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid).
Industrially, however, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is produced by hydrolysis of dimethyl malonate or diethyl malonate.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has also been produced through fermentation of glucose.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H4O4.
Dicarboxylic acids are organic compounds containing two carboxylic acid functional groups.
Dicarboxylic acids generally show the same chemical behaviour and reactivity as monocarboxylic acids.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a substance found in some fruits that occurs naturally.
Fruits generated in organic farming contain greater concentrations of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) in citrus compared to fruits generated in conventional farming.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a normal component of human urine, in small quantities, but a genetic disorder called methyl Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)uria (also known as Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)uria) causes high levels of methyl Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) in the blood serum and urine.

Patients with this disorder suffer from severe metabolic acidosis and a metabolic block in the vitamin B12 dependent conversion of propionyl CoA to succinyl CoA.
In infants, symptoms can include developmental delay, cardiomyopathy, mental retardation, and in its more severe forms, neonatal death.
The calcium salt of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) occurs in high concentrations in beetroot.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) exists in its normal state as white crystals.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is the classic example of a competitive inhibitor: It acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) reacts as a typical carboxylic acid: forming amide, ester, anhydride, and chloride derivatives.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be used as an intermediate to mono-ester or amide derivatives, while malonyl chloride is most useful to obtain diesters or diamides.
In a well-known reaction, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) condenses with urea to form barbituric acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) may also be condensed with acetone to form Meldrum's acid, a versatile intermediate in further transformations.

The esters of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) are also used as a −CH2COOH synthon in the malonic ester synthesis.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), also called Propanedioic Acid, (HO2CCH2CO2H), a dibasic organic acid whose diethyl ester is used in syntheses of vitamins B1 and B6, barbiturates, and numerous other valuable compounds.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) itself is rather unstable and has few applications.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s calcium salt occurs in beetroot, but the acid Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)self is usually prepared by hydrolyzing diethyl malonate.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) undergoes the usual reactions of carboxylic acids as well as facile cleavage into acetic acid and carbon dioxide.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), also called malonic ester, is prepared by the reaction of ethyl alcohol with cyanoacetic acid.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s utility in synthesis arises from the reactivity of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s methylene (CH2) group; a hydrogen atom is easily removed by sodium ethoxide or other strong base, and the resulting derivative reacts readily with an alkyl halide to form a diethyl alkylmalonate.
A second alkyl group may be similarly introduced.
The diethyl dialkylmalonates are converted by reaction with urea to barbiturates.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a colourless, fragrant liquid boiling at 181.4° C.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is the starting substrate of mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFASII), in which it is converted to malonyl-CoA by malonyl-CoA synthetase (ACSF3).
Additionally, the coenzyme A derivative of malonate, malonyl-CoA, is an important precursor in cytosolic fatty acid biosynthesis along with acetyl CoA.

Malonyl CoA is formed there from acetyl CoA by the action of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and the malonate is transferred to an acyl carrier protein to be added to a fatty acid chain.
The carboxyl functional group that characterizes the carboxylic acids is unusual in that it is composed of two functional groups described earlier in this text.
As may be seen in the formula on the right, the carboxyl group is made up of a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbonyl group.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is often written in condensed form as –CO2H or –COOH.
Other combinations of functional groups were described previously, and significant changes in chemical behavior as a result of group interactions were described (e.g. phenol & aniline).
In this case, the change in chemical and physical properties resulting from the interaction of the hydroxyl and carbonyl group are so profound that the combination is customarily treated as a distinct and different functional group.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), formally propanedioic acid, is the second-smallest aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. (Oxalic acid is the smallest.)
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) should not be confused with malic or maleic acid, both of which also contain two carboxyls.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a white crystalline solid with a decomposition point of ≈135 °C.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is highly soluble in water and oxygenated solvents.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a precursor to specialty polyesters; Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is used in the manufacture of barbiturates, coatings, and biodegradable containers; and Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is even a component of surgical adhesives.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) (IUPAC systematic name: propanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH₂(COOH)₂.

The ionized form of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.
For example, diethyl malonate is Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)'s diethyl ester.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with a chemical formula C3H4O4.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s are organic compounds containing two carboxylic acid functional groups.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s generally show the same chemical behaviour and reactivity as monocarboxylic acids.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a substance found in some fruits that occurs naturally.
Fruits generated in organic farming contain greater concentrations of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) in citrus compared to fruits generated in conventional farming

Melting point: 132-135 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point: 140℃(decomposition)
Density: 1.619 g/cm3 at 25 °C
vapor pressure: 0-0.2Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.4780
Flash point: 157°C
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: 1 M NaOH: soluble100mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow
pka: 2.83(at 25℃)
form: Liquid
color: White
PH: 3.17(1 mM solution);2.5(10 mM solution);1.94(100 mM solution)
Water Solubility: 1400 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,5710
BRN: 1751370
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases.
InChIKey: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.81

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) condenses with urea to form barbituric acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is also frequently used as an enolate in Knoevenagel condensations or condensed with acetone to form Meldrum's acid.
The esters of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) are also used as a - CH2COOH synthon in the malonic ester synthesis.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is the classic example of a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (complex II), in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, competing with the usual substrate succinate but lacking the CH2CH2 group required for dehydrogenation.
This observation was used to deduce the structure of the active site in succinate dehydrogenase.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them.
They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic.
Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat.

Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water.
Soluble Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions.

The pH of solutions of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s is therefore less than 7.0. Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt.
Such reactions occur in principle for solid Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry.

Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids.

Insoluble carboxylic acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat.

Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat.
Like other organic compounds, carboxylic acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents.
These reactions generate heat.

A wide variety of products is possible.
Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is also incompatible with bases and reducing agents.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), (HO2CCH2CO2H), a dibasic organic acid whose diethyl ester is used in syntheses of vitamins B1 and B6, barbiturates, and numerous other valuable compounds.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) itself is rather unstable and has few applications.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is calcium salt occurs in beetroot, but the acid itself is usually prepared by hydrolyzing diethyl malonate.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) undergoes the usual reactions of carboxylic acids as well as facile cleavage into acetic acid and carbon dioxide.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), also called malonic ester, is prepared by the reaction of ethyl alcohol with cyanoacetic acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is utility in synthesis arises from the reactivity of its methylene (CH2) group; a hydrogen atom is easily removed by sodium ethoxide or other strong base, and the resulting derivative reacts readily with an alkyl halide to form a diethyl alkylmalonate.

A second alkyl group may be similarly introduced.
The diethyl dialkylmalonates are converted by reaction with urea to barbiturates.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a colourless, fragrant liquid boiling at 181.4° C.

The structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography and extensive property data including for condensed phase thermochemistry are available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
A classical preparation of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) starts from chloroacetic acid:[9]
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is the classic example of a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (complex II), in the respiratory electron transport chain.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, competing with the usual substrate succinate but lacking the −CH2CH2− group required for dehydrogenation.
This observation was used to deduce the structure of the active site in succinate dehydrogenase.
Inhibition of this enzyme decreases cellular respiration

Since Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a natural component of many foods, it is present in mammals including humans.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is also known as Propanedioic Acid or Dicarboxymethane.
The name is derived from a Greek word Malon which means apple.

Malonates are the ionized form of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), along with its esters and salts.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) appears as a white crystal or crystalline powder.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) dissolves in alcohol, pyridine, and ether.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) was first prepared in the year, 1858 by the French chemist Victor Dessaignes by the oxidation of malic acid.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is found in some fruit’s viz citrus fruits.
The amount of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) produced from fruits through organic farming is greater than the fruits grown through conventional agriculture.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be produced through the fermentation of glucose.
In addition, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) and coenzyme A can be biosynthesized from malonyl-CoA through Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid)s interaction with the enzyme fatty acid synthase.
malonyl/acetyl transferase domain.
An Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.

In humans, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Outside of the human body, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as red beetroots, corns, scarlet beans, common beets, and cow milks.
This could make Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as eosinophilic esophagitis, combined malonic and methylCarboxyacetic acid
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), and early preeclampsia; Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder malonyl-coa decarboxylase deficiency.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structural formula CH2(COOH)2 and chemical formula C3H4O4.

The name Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) originated from the word ‘Malon’ which is Greek for ‘apple’.
Methane Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is another name for Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid).
The ester and salts of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) are called malonates.

The Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has organic reactions similar to the monocarboxylic acid where amide, ester, anhydride, and chloride derivatives are formed.
Lastly, the malonic ester malonate as a coenzyme A derivative malonyl CoA that is as important a precursor as Acetyl CoA in the biosynthesis of fatty acids

Preparation:
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is usually produced from chloroacetic acid.
Reaction: The Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is added to the reaction kettle by adding sodium carbonate aqueous solution to generate sodium chloroacetate aqueous solution, and then 30% sodium cyanide solution is slowly added dropwise, and the reaction is carried out at a predetermined temperature to generate sodium cyanoacetate.
After the cyanation reaction is completed, add sodium hydroxide for heating and hydrolysis to generate sodium malonate solution, concentrate, then dropwise add sulfuric acid for acidification to generate Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid), filter and dry to obtain the product.

This method often does not produce a pure enough product or the pure product has an extremely low yield.
Industrially, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is also produced by hydrolyzing dimethyl malonate or diethyl malonate.
This manufacturing method is able to bring about a higher yield and purity, but the organic synthesis of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) through these processes is extremely costly and environmentally hazardous.

Uses:
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of barbiturates and other pharmaceuticals.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a component used as a stabilizer in many high-end cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is also used as building block in chemical synthesis, specifically to introduce the molecular group -CH2-COOH.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is used for the introduction of an acetic acid moiety under mild conditions by Knoevenagel condensation and subsequent decarboxylation.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is acts as a building block in organic synthesis.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is also useful as a precursor for polyesters and alkyd resins, which is used in coating applications, thereby protecting against UV light, corrosion and oxidation.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, polymer cross linkers and pharmaceuticals.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a precursor to specialty polyesters.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be converted into 1,3-propanediol for use in polyesters and polymers (whose usefulness is unclear though).

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can also be a component in alkyd resins, which are used in a number of coatings applications for protecting against damage caused by UV light, oxidation, and corrosion.
One application of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is in the coatings industry as a crosslinker for low-temperature cure powder coatings, which are becoming increasingly valuable for heat sensitive substrates and a desire to speed up the coatings process.
The global coatings market for automobiles was estimated to be $18.59 billion in 2014 with projected combined annual growth rate of 5.1% through 2022.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is used in a number of manufacturing processes as a high value specialty chemical including the electronics industry, flavors and fragrances industry, specialty solvents, polymer crosslinking, and pharmaceutical industry.
In 2004, annual global production of Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) and related diesters was over 20,000 metric tons.
Potential growth of these markets could result from advances in industrial biotechnology that seeks to displace petroleum-based chemicals in industrial applications.

In 2004, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) was listed by the US Department of Energy as one of the top 30 chemicals to be produced from biomass.
In food and drug applications, Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be used to control acidity, either as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulation or natural preservative additive for foods.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is used as a building block chemical to produce numerous valuable compounds, including the flavor and fragrance compounds gamma-nonalactone, cinnamic acid, and the pharmaceutical compound valproate.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) (up to 37.5% w/w) has been used to cross-link corn and potato starches to produce a biodegradable thermoplastic; the process is performed in water using non-toxic catalysts.
Starch-based polymers comprised 38% of the global biodegradable polymers market in 2014 with food packaging, foam packaging, and compost bags as the largest end-use segments.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a key component in the malonic ester synthesis, a versatile method for introducing a two-carbon unit into a molecule.

The diester derived from Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions, providing a pathway for the synthesis of various organic compounds.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can act as a weak dibasic acid, forming salts and esters.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is acidic protons make it suitable for reactions involving acid-base chemistry.

The malonic ester synthesis is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of intermediates that are further transformed into various drugs.
This includes the preparation of barbiturates and other pharmaceutical compounds.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be used as an indicator in certain analytical chemistry methods, especially in titrations involving weak acids and bases.

Metal Complex Formation: Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can form complexes with various metal ions.
These complexes can have applications in catalysis and other chemical processes.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) derivatives are used in the flavor and fragrance industry to synthesize aroma compounds.

These compounds contribute to the characteristic smells and tastes of certain foods, beverages, and perfumes.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is often employed in the synthesis of pyrazoles, a class of compounds with diverse applications, including as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) derivatives are valuable in organic synthesis for the preparation of a variety of compounds, such as acetic acids, keto acids, and amino acids.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) derivatives find application in the dye industry, where they are used in the synthesis of certain dyes and pigments.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) has been used in the preparation of chemicals employed in photographic development processes.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) and its derivatives are commonly used in research laboratories for organic synthesis and as building blocks for the construction of more complex molecules.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) derivatives can be utilized in certain polymerization reactions, contributing to the production of polymers with specific properties.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be used as a buffer in certain chemical and biological applications due to its ability to maintain a stable pH.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is employed in some electroplating processes as a complexing agent for certain metal ions, aiding in the deposition of metal coatings.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) derivatives are commonly employed in the development of new synthetic methodologies and the exploration of organic reaction mechanisms in research settings.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) and its derivatives are used in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, including some that find applications in unique industrial processes.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be used in certain chemical analyses and experiments, serving as a reactant or a starting material in laboratory procedures.

Some studies suggest that Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) may have antioxidant properties, which could have potential applications in health-related research.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is a precursor to various malonate salts, which have applications in different industries, including the production of certain cleaning agents and detergents.

Safety Profile:
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) may cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is advisable to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, when handling this compound.
Ingesting or inhaling Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) can be harmful.

Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is important to avoid these routes of exposure. Ingestion may lead to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) is not combustible on its own, but it may emit irritating or toxic fumes when heated.
Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) should be stored away from heat sources and open flames.

While Carboxyacetic acid (Malonic Acid) itself is biodegradable, its derivatives and by-products may have different environmental impacts.
Proper disposal practices should be followed to minimize any potential environmental harm.


CARBOXYFERROCENE
Carboxyferrocene is the organoiron compound with the formula (C5H5)Fe(C5H4CO2H).
Carboxyferrocene is the simplest carboxylic acid derivative of ferrocene.
Carboxyferrocene can be prepared in two steps from ferrocene by acylation with a 2-chlorobenzoyl chloride followed by hydrolysis.

CAS Number: 1271-42-7
EC Number: 215-040-6
Molecular Formula: C11H10FeO2
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 230.04

Synonyms: Ferrocene carboxylic acid, Carboxyferrocene, Bis(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II) carboxylate, Iron(II) biscyclopentadienyl carboxylate, FcCOOH (Abbreviation using chemical symbols), Iron(II) cyclopentadienylcarboxylate, Cyclopentadienyliron dicarboxylate, Iron dicyclopentadienyl carboxylate, Ferrocenylcarboxylic acid, Ferrocenecarboxylic acid, Ferrocene carboxylic acid, Carboxyferrocene, Bis(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II) carboxylate, Iron(II) biscyclopentadienyl carboxylate, FcCOOH (Abbreviation using chemical symbols), Iron(II) cyclopentadienylcarboxylate, Cyclopentadienyliron dicarboxylate, Iron dicyclopentadienyl carboxylate, Ferrocenylcarboxylic acid, 1,3-Cyclopentadiene-1-carboxylic acid, compd. with 1,3-cyclopentadiene, iron salt (1:1:1) [ACD/Index Name], Ferrocenecarboxylic acid, 1271-42-7 [RN]

Carboxyferrocene is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.

Carboxyferrocene is a widely used stain in cytopathology.
Carboxyferrocene is a polychrome stain that has the ability to stain several constituents of cell differentially due to the presence of multiple dyes.
Carboxyferrocene stain consists of a basic dye, haematoxylin that stains the nucleus and three acid dyes like light green, eosin and orange G that stain the cytoplasm.

Carboxyferrocene is used to esterify complex mixtures of phenols and alcohols for analysis by GCMS.
Carboxyferrocene is an important raw material and intermediate used in Organic Synthesis, Pharmaceuticals, Agrochemicals and Dyestuff.

Ferrocene carboxylic acid (FCCa) is an organometallic compound comprised of a ferrocene core with a carboxylic acid functional group.
Carboxyferrocene is used as a mediator in electrocatalytic oxidation.

Due to its excellent redox properties, Carboxyferrocene is widely used in electrochemistry, redox probes, and peptide chain modifications.
In addition, a direct cross-coupling reaction was explored using Carboxyferrocene and alkenes.

Carboxyferrocene is used to esterify complex mixtures of phenols and alcohols for analysis by GCMS.
Carboxyferrocene is an intermediate that applicated in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyestuffs.
The synthesis of this product is described in the literature.

Carboxyferrocene, a versatile chemical compound, finds wide-ranging applications across various fields.
Carboxyferrocene is a metal-organic compound characterized by the connection of two ferrocene molecules through a carboxy ligand.

Notably, ferrocene stands as a stable yet highly reactive metal-organic compound that has been extensively researched due to its potential applications in catalysis, materials science, and medicine.
In scientific research, Carboxyferrocene plays a pivotal role across multiple domains.

Carboxyferrocene serves as a catalyst in catalysis, facilitating the synthesis of diverse compounds through polymerization, oxidation, and reduction reactions.
In materials science, Carboxyferrocene acts as a fundamental molecular building block for the synthesis of polymers and nanomaterials.

Although the precise mechanism of action of Carboxyferrocene remains to be fully elucidated, Carboxyferrocene is believed that the carboxy ligand binds to the ferrocene molecules, forming a stable complex.
This complex, in turn, engages with other molecules, including proteins, to facilitate an array of reactions.

Carboxyferrocene is an intriguing compound in organometallic chemistry, featuring a unique structural motif that combines the classical metallocene architecture of ferrocene with a carboxylic acid functionality.
Carboxyferrocene's chemical formula is C11H10FeO2.

The structure of Carboxyferrocene consists of a central iron (Fe) atom sandwiched between two cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings, forming the well-known ferrocene moiety.
Additionally, one of the cyclopentadienyl rings is appended with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
This attachment creates a molecular framework where the iron atom is connected to a carbon atom of the cyclopentadienyl ring and to an oxygen atom of the carboxylic acid group.

The synthesis of Carboxyferrocene typically involves the reaction of ferrocene with an appropriate carboxylation reagent, such as carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, under suitable conditions.
The resulting product is then typically purified and characterized using various analytical techniques, including spectroscopic methods like nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

Carboxyferrocene has been explored for its reactivity in a variety of chemical transformations.
Carboxyferrocene serves as a precursor or starting material for the synthesis of diverse ferrocene derivatives, where the carboxylic acid group can undergo various functionalization reactions, such as esterification, amidation, or metalation.
These derivatives may exhibit interesting properties and find applications in fields ranging from catalysis and materials science to medicinal chemistry and molecular electronics.

Furthermore, Carboxyferrocene and its derivatives have been investigated for their potential use in electrochemical applications due to the redox-active nature of the ferrocene unit.
They may serve as components in redox-active materials, sensors, or molecular devices, exploiting the reversible oxidation and reduction processes of the ferrocene moiety.

Overall, Carboxyferrocene represents an important building block in the realm of organometallic chemistry, offering a rich playground for the exploration of novel structures, reactivities, and applications within the broader context of metal-centered molecular chemistry.

Applications of Carboxyferrocene:
Carboxyferrocene is used to esterify complex mixtures of phenols and alcohols for analysis by GCMS.
Carboxyferrocene is an important raw material and intermediate used in Organic Synthesis, Pharmaceuticals, Agrochemicals and Dyestuff.

Ferrocene carboxylic acid can be used as a:
Starting material in the synthesize of ferrocene-guanine conjugates.
Redox mediator in electrochemical-chemical-chemical (ECC) redox cycling.

Purification Methods of Carboxyferrocene:
Carboxyferrocene crystallises as yellow crystals from pet ether (m 225-230odec), CHCl3 (m 208.5odec), toluene/pet ether (m 195-205odec), or aqueous ethanol.
The methyl ester crystallises from aqueous MeOH with m 70-71o.

The anhydride has m 143-145o when recrystallised from pet ether.
The amide has m 168-170o when crystallised from CHCl3/Et2O or m 167-169o when crystallised from *C6H6/MeOH.

Reactions and derivatives of Carboxyferrocene:
The pKa of Carboxyferrocene is 7.8.
The acidity increases more than a thousand-fold, to pH 4.54 upon oxidation to the ferrocenium cation.

By treatment with thionyl chloride, the carboxylic acid anhydride ([(C5H5)Fe(C5H4CO)]2O) is produced.

Derivatives of Carboxyferrocene are components of some redox switches.

Handling and storage of Carboxyferrocene:

Precautions for safe handling:

Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Storage class:

Storage class (TRGS 510):11: Combustible Solids

Stability and reactivity of Carboxyferrocene:

Reactivity:
No data available

Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Conditions to avoid:
No data available

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First aid measures of Carboxyferrocene:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.

In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.

In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.

If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

Firefighting measures of Carboxyferrocene:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Carbon oxides
Iron oxides

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Further information:
No data available

Accidental release measures of Carboxyferrocene:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.

Environmental precautions:
No special environmental precautions required.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Exposure controls/personal protection of Carboxyferrocene:

Personal protective equipment:

Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate
government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.

Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.

Wash and dry hands.
The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of Regulation (EU) 2016/425 and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Body Protection:
Choose body protection in relation to Carboxyferrocene's type, to the concentration and amount of angerous substances, and to the specific work-place.
The type of protective quipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection is not required.
Where protection from nuisance levels of dusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Control of environmental exposure:
No special environmental precautions required.

Identifiers of Carboxyferrocene:
CAS Number: 1271-42-7
ChemSpider: 26585892
ECHA InfoCard: 100.013.673
PubChem CID: 15764230
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID40925783
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H5O2.C5H5.Fe/c7-6(8)5-3-1-2-4-5;1-2-4-5-3-1;/h1-4H,(H,7,8);1-5H;/q2*-1;+2
Key: BAJHDUZEIKRKAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: [CH-]1C=CC=C1.C1=C[C-](C=C1)C(=O)O.[Fe+2]

CAS: 1271-42-7
Molecular Formula: C11H10FeO2
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 230.04
MDL Number: MFCD00001430
InChI Key: OUPWBVGTMCICLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Synonym: Ferrocenecarboxylic acid; (Carboxycyclopentadienyl)cyclopentadienyliron
IUPAC Name: Carboxyferrocene
SMILES: [Fe].c1cccc1.OC(=O)c1cccc1

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C11H10FeO2
CAS Number: 1271-42-7
Molecular Weight: 230.04
EC Number: 215-040-6
MDL number: MFCD00001430
PubChem Substance ID: 24846745
NACRES: NA.22

Product Number: F0165
Purity / Analysis Method: >98.0%(T)(HPLC)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C__1__1H__1__0FeO__2 = 230.04
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Packaging and Container: 1G-Glass Bottle with Plastic Insert (View image)
CAS RN: 1271-42-7
PubChem Substance ID: 125309342
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 6892
MDL Number: MFCD00001430

Properties of Carboxyferrocene:
Chemical formula: C11H10FeO2
Molar mass: 230.044 g·mol−1
Appearance: yellow solid
Density: 1.862 g/cm3[1]
Melting point: 214–216 °C (417–421 °F; 487–489 K)

Assay: 97%

reaction suitability:
core: iron
reagent type: catalyst

mp: 210 °C (dec.) (lit.)
SMILES string: [Fe].[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.OC(=O)[C]2[CH][CH][CH][CH]2
InChI: 1S/C6H5O2.C5H5.Fe/c7-6(8)5-3-1-2-4-5;1-2-4-5-3-1;/h1-4H,(H,7,8);1-5H;
InChI key: VUJLGCHOGQEAED-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Related compounds: 1,1'-Ferrocenedicarboxylic acid

grade: purum
Quality Level: 200
Assay: ≥96%

reaction suitability:
core: iron
reagent type: catalyst

mp: 210 °C (dec.) (lit.)
SMILES string: [Fe].[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.OC(=O)[C]2[CH][CH][CH][CH]2
InChI: 1S/C6H5O2.C5H5.Fe/c7-6(8)5-3-1-2-4-5;1-2-4-5-3-1;/h1-4H,(H,7,8);1-5H;
InChI key: VUJLGCHOGQEAED-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Specifications of Carboxyferrocene:
Melting Point: ∼210°C (decomposition)
Quantity: 1 g
Solubility Information: Insoluble in water.
Formula Weight: 230.05
Percent Purity: 98%
Chemical Name or Material: Carboxyferrocene

Molecular Weight: 230.04 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 230.003015 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 230.003015 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 14Complexity: 198
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Names of Carboxyferrocene:

IUPAC name:
Carboxyferrocene

Other name:
Ferrocenemonocarboxylic acid
CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a thickener, binder, and emulsifier equivalent to cellulose fiber.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is resistant to bacterial decomposition and provides a product with uniform viscosity.
The chemical formula of Carboxymethyl cellulose is C8H15NaO8.


CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC number: 618-378-6
MDL number: MFCD00081472
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)
Molecular Formula: [C6H10O5]n
Chemical Formula: C8H15NaO8



SYNONYMS:
Cellulose gum, CMC, Sodium CMC, Sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, NaCMC, Carboxymethylcellulose, carmellose, E466, Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC-Na, cellulose gum, carmellose sodium, b10, carbo, Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose sodium, cmc2, Color Speckles, Cellex



Carboxymethyl cellulose belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.
Carboxymethyl cellulose's components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.
Carboxymethyl celluloseis a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is a thickener, binder, and emulsifier equivalent to cellulose fiber.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is resistant to bacterial decomposition and provides a product with uniform viscosity.
Carboxymethyl cellulose can prevent skin moisture loss by forming a film on the skin’s surface, and also help mask odor in a cosmetic product.


Constituents are any of several fibrous substances consisting of the chief part of a plant’s cell walls (often extracted from wood pulp or cotton).
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a water-soluble substance, and when it reacts with heavy metal salts, water-insoluble forms a transparent and durable film layer.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a water-soluble polymer.


As a solution in water, Carboxymethyl cellulose has thixotropic properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqueous suspension (e.g., in the making of black matches).


Carboxymethyl cellulose is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can interfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).
Carboxymethyl cellulose is manufactured from cellulose by various processes that replace some of the hydrogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups, which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is white when pure; industrial-grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is granular or fibrous powder, blank or slightly yellowish or greyish, slightly hygroscopic, odourless and tasteless.
This may be proposed in the form of a concentrate for solution in wine prior to use.


Solutions must contain at least 3,5 % Carboxymethyl cellulose.
The chemical formula of Carboxymethyl cellulose is C8H15NaO8.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is soluble in water.


Carboxymethyl cellulose dissolves in hot water as well as in cold water Organic solvent pre-dispersing .
Pre-mix of Carboxymethyl cellulose Powder with other powder materials can increase dissolving speed Dispersing and dissolving in emulsifying mixer Add other salt or acid solution after CMC dissolves.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is an anionic water-soluble polymer based on renewable cellulosic raw material.


Carboxymethyl cellulose functions as a rheology modifier, binder, dispersant, and an excellent film former.
These attributes make Carboxymethyl cellulose a preferred choice as a bio-based hydrocolloid in multiple applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a cellulose derivative that consists of the cellulose backbone made up of glucopyranose monomers and their hydroxyl groups bound to carboxymethyl groups.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is added in food products as a viscosity modifier or thickener and emulsifier.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also one of the most common viscous polymers used in artificial tears, and has shown to be effective in the treatment of aqueous tear-deficient dry eye symptoms and ocular surface staining.


The viscous and mucoadhesive properties as well as Carboxymethyl cellulose's anionic charge allow prolonged retention time in the ocular surface.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a thickening agent that is made by reacting CELLULOSE (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).


Carboxymethyl cellulose is the most commonly used salt.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also called cellulose gum.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is not absorbed or digested, so the FDA allows it to be included with “dietary fiber” on food labels.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as a highly effective additive to improve the product and processing properties in various fields of application - from foodstuffs, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to products for the paper and textile industries.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used building material additives, printing inks, coatings, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, paper or textiles – there’s a long and growing list of applications.


Fields of Application of Carboxymethyl cellulose: Water retention, Gelling, Emulsifying, Suspending, Absorbing, Stabilising, Bonding, Forming films.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as stabilizer in foods.
Pharmaceutic aid (suspending agent; tablet excipient; viscosity-increasing agent).
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.


Carboxymethyl cellulose acts as a stabilizer in foods.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Due to the fact that the acid form of Carboxymethyl cellulose has poor water solubility, it is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
Carboxymethyl cellulose can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.


Carboxymethyl cellulose can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in glue production and it provides ease of production thanks to its good solubility in water.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in the production of ice cream, confectionery, juices, cream cheese, jam, and marmalade in food.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry as makeup materials, shampoo, toothpaste, hand creams, and mascara.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products including ice cream.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is known for its excellent water retaining capacity.


Carboxymethyl cellulose for oenological use is prepared exclusively from wood by treatment with alkali and monochloroacetic acid or its sodium salt.
Carboxymethyl cellulose inhibits tartaric precipitation through a "protective colloid" effect.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.


Carboxymethyl cellulose acts as a stabilizer in foods.
It is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a common ingredient used in cosmetics.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a white or off-white powder that serves as a versatile additive in cosmetic formulations.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is widely employed as a stabilizer, emulsifier, and thickening agent.
Carboxymethyl cellulose's presence in cosmetics helps to enhance product texture, viscosity, and overall performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose has excellent water-binding properties, contributing to improved hydration and moisture retention in skincare and hair care products.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is valued for its ability to create smooth and creamy formulations while providing stability and consistency.
In laundry detergents, Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where it acts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.


Carboxymethyl cellulose's water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with silicon-containing anodes.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used in ice packs to form a eutectic mixture resulting in a lower freezing point, and therefore more cooling capacity than ice.
Aqueous solutions of Carboxymethyl cellulose have also been used to disperse carbon nanotubes, where the long CMC molecules are thought to wrap around the nanotubes, allowing them to be dispersed in water.


In conservation-restoration, Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as an adhesive or fixative.
In veterinary medicine, Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in abdominal surgeries in large animals, particularly horses, to prevent the formation of bowel adhesions.


Shrimp and prawns: Carboxymethyl cellulose injections have been used to fraudulently increase the weight and visual appeal.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener and to stabilize emulsions in both food and non-food products.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used in non-food products which include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.


For the food and beverage industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose high purity grades provide multiple benefits such as improved mouthfeel and protein stabilization.
Moreover, these grades can be used in various personal care and pharmaceutical applications.


Carboxymethyl cellulose is often used in its sodium salt form, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Industrial applications such as paper surface treatment, fabric care, textiles, and ceramics take advantage of the flow control, water retention, and film-forming capabilities of Carboxymethyl cellulose.


In mining operations, Carboxymethyl cellulose products are developed specifically for mineral flotation and depressants.
To control fluid loss and provide strong rheological control in the oilfield, Carboxymethyl cellulose extend the performance of water-based drilling additives.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in batteries and battery storage systems as a binder in the anodes and to reinforce the separator.


-Detergent uses of Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a common ingredient in cleaning products because of its thickening and stabilizing properties and nontoxic composition.
In detergent and cleaning products, Carboxymethyl cellulose can be used to enhance texture and assist in suspension of dirt and grime in the cleaning product.

Carboxymethyl cellulose's adjustable viscosity can be used to standardize the textures of the products, especially when used along with other chemicals.
Carboxymethyl cellulose helps with removal of grease and aids in the creation of small bubbles in soap.
This, along with Carboxymethyl cellulose's ability to suspend dirt in mixtures, can make soaps and other cleaning products more efficient.


-Textile uses of Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in textiles as a thickening agent in textile printing, constituting about 2-3% of printing pastes.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used in fabric finishing in order to affect the fabric's texture.

Additionally, Carboxymethyl cellulose serves as a binding agent in non-woven fabrics, contributing to the strength and stability of the material.
In sizing applications, about 1-3% of Carboxymethyl cellulose is used to protect yarns during weaving in order to reduce breakages.
Carboxymethyl cellulose aids in thickening printing pastes, which makes the prints themself more precise.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is used to thicken dyes.
Additionally, Carboxymethyl cellulose is an alternative to synthetic thickeners.


-Cosmetics uses of Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is an ingredient used in over 50% of cosmetic products.
As a thickening agent, Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in formulations where viscosity needs to be precisely controlled.

In hair care, about 25% of shampoos and conditioners utilize Carboxymethyl cellulose for its conditioning and detangling effects.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used in the makeup and toothpaste industries to control the products' texture.
Due to its ability to retain moisture, Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used in skin care products.

Carboxymethyl cellulose serves as a film-forming agent in approximately 10% of sunscreens.
Carboxymethyl cellulose aids in pigment suspension and dispersion, binding other ingredients for even distribution.
Carboxymethyl cellulose, when combined with Fatty Acid Ethanolamine or 2,2'-Iminodiethanol in a hair product, can form a thin film around hair.


-Specific culinary uses of Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Carboxymethyl cellulose powder is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in baking breads and cakes.
The use of Carboxymethyl cellulose gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.

By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, Carboxymethyl cellulose improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.
Carboxymethyl cellulose can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.

Use of Carboxymethyl cellulose in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.


-Medical applications of Carboxymethyl cellulose:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used in numerous medical applications.

Some examples include:
*Device for epistaxis (nose bleeding).
*A poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) balloon is covered by Carboxymethyl cellulose knitted fabric reinforced by nylon.
*The device is soaked in water to form a gel, which is inserted into the nose of the balloon and inflated.
*The combination of the inflated balloon and the therapeutic effect of the Carboxymethyl cellulose stops the bleeding.
*Fabric used as a dressing following ear nose and throat surgical procedures.
*Water is added to form a gel, and this gel is inserted into the sinus cavity following surgery.
*In ophthalmology, Carboxymethyl cellulose is used as a lubricating agent in artificial tears solutions for the treatment of dry eyes.



FOOD SCIENCE OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is registered as E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed).
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used for a viscosity modifier or thickener and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream, mayonnaise, and beverages.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose's variable viscosity (high while cold, and low while hot) makes it useful in the preperation of cold foods and textures in beverages and edible gels.

With a DS around 1.0, Carboxymethyl cellulose can prevent dehydration and shrinkage of gelatin while also contributing to a more airy structure.
In some foods, Carboxymethyl cellulose can be used to control oil and moisture content.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used to achieve tartrate or cold stability in wine, which can prevent excess energy usage while chilling wine in warm climates.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is more stable than metatartaric acid and is very effective in inhibiting tartrate precipitation.
It is reported that KHT crystals, in presence of Carboxymethyl cellulose, grow slower and change their morphology.
Their shape becomes flatter because they lose 2 of the 7 faces, changing their dimensions.

Carboxymethyl cellulose molecules, negatively charged at wine pH, interact with the electropositive surface of the crystals, where potassium ions are accumulated.
The slower growth of the crystals and the modification of their shape are caused by the competition between Carboxymethyl cellulose molecules and bitartrate ions for binding to the KHT crystals



RESEARCH APPLICATIONS OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Insoluble Carboxymethyl cellulose (water-insoluble) can be used in the purification of proteins, particularly in the form of charged filtration membranes or as granules in cation-exchange resins for ion-exchange chromatography.
Its low solubility is a result of a lower DS value (the number of carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit in the cellulose chain) compared to soluble Carboxymethyl cellulose.

Insoluble Carboxymethyl cellulose offers physical properties similar to insoluble cellulose, while the negatively charged carboxylate groups allow it to bind to positively charged proteins.
Insoluble Carboxymethyl cellulose can also be chemically cross-linked to enhance the mechanical strength of the material.

Moreover, Carboxymethyl cellulose has been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex); it is a highly specific substrate for endo-acting cellulases, as its structure has been engineered to decrystallize cellulose and create amorphous sites that are ideal for endoglucanase action.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is desirable because the catalysis product (glucose) is easily measured using a reducing sugar assay, such as 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.
Using Carboxymethyl cellulose in enzyme assays is especially important in screening for cellulase enzymes that are needed for more efficient cellulosic ethanol conversion.

Carboxymethyl cellulose was misused in early work with cellulase enzymes, as many had associated whole cellulase activity with CMC hydrolysis.
As the mechanism of cellulose depolymerization became better understood, Carboxymethyl cellulose became clear that exo-cellulases are dominant in the degradation of crystalline (e.g. Avicel) and not soluble (e.g. CMC) cellulose.



WHAT IS CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE USED FOR?
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a very useful ingredient in the personal care and cosmetic industry.
Carboxymethyl cellulose has a wide range of applications in different formulations.

*Skin care:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is often included in moisturizers, lotions, and creams due to its excellent water-binding properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose helps to improve hydration by retaining moisture on the skin's surface, resulting in increased skin softness and suppleness.
Additionally, Carboxymethyl cellulose acts as a film-forming agent, providing a protective barrier that helps prevent moisture loss

*Cosmetic products:
Carboxymethyl cellulose serves as a versatile ingredient.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is commonly used as a thickener and stabilizer in various formulations, such as creams, gels, and liquid foundations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose helps to create desirable textures, enhance product spreadability, and improve product adherence



ORIGIN OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is produced through a chemical process involving the reaction of cellulose with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetic acid.
This reaction introduces carboxymethyl groups onto the cellulose structure, resulting in the formation of Carboxymethyl cellulose.
The resulting product is then purified and used in the cosmetic industry.



WHAT DOES CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Binding
*Emulsion stabilising
*Masking
*Viscosity controlling



SAFETY PROFILE OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and is not known to be toxic.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is widely used in various industries, including food and pharmaceuticals, with a long history of safe use.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is typically derived from plant sources and is both halal and vegan-friendly.



ALTERNATIVES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
*XANTHAN GUM



PRODUCTION AND REACTIONS OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
The technique is produced by extracting Carboxymethyl cellulose with ethyl alcohol.



FEATURES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a tackifier, at room temperature, it is a non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is the substituted product of cellulosic carboxymethyl group.
According to their molecular weight or degree of substitution, Carboxymethyl cellulose can be completely dissolved or insoluble polymer, the latter can be used as the weak acid cation of exchanger to separate neutral or basic proteins.

Carboxymethyl cellulose can form highly viscous colloidal solution with adhesive, thickening, flowing, emulsifying, shaping, water, protective colloid, film forming, acid, salt, suspensions and other characteristics.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is physiologically harmless, so it is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, paper, textiles, construction and other areas of production.



STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
*Structure:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a derivative of the regenerated cellulose [C6H10O5]n with hydroxy-acetic acid (hydroxy ethanoic acid) CH2(OH)COOH or sodium monochloroacetate ClCH2COONa.
The Carboxymethyl cellulose backbone consists of D-glucose residues linked by -1,4-linkage.

Carboxymethyl cellulose has carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.


*Properties:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is a white or lightly yellow powder with no odor, no flavor, and no poisonous properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is hygroscopic and dissolves well in either hot or cold water, forming a viscous solution.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is not soluble in organic solvents like methanol, ethanol, acetone,chloroform, benzol, etc.
The functional properties of Carboxymethyl cellulose depend on the degree of substitution of the cellulose structure (i.e., how many of the hydroxyl groups have been converted to carboxymethylene (oxy) groups in the substitution reaction), as well as the chain length of the cellulose backbone structure and the degree of clustering of the carboxymethyl substituents.

Carboxymethyl cellulose is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food related.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used primarily because it has a high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic.



WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE?
Carboxymethyl cellulose comes from the cell walls of plants, such as wood pulp and cottonseed.
Carboxymethyl cellulose is used to make foods thick and creamy, without adding fat.
If you’re trying to reduce your fat intake or are on a low fat diet, choosing foods made with an additive like Carboxymethyl cellulosemay help to make you feel less deprived.

Carboxymethyl cellulose may also help suppress (lower) your appetite.
The fiber in Carboxymethyl cellulose works as a filler in foods, giving it the potential to keep you feeling full.
This is another reason Carboxymethyl cellulose is often found in diet foods.

One drawback is that you may experience loose bowel movements if you eat too many foods high in Carboxymethyl cellulose, due to its high fiber content.
Some people even use Carboxymethyl cellulose as a laxative for weight loss.
Keep in mind, though, that you should always check in with a healthcare professional before using Carboxymethyl cellulose for this purpose.

They can help you come up with the best plan for you.
Carboxymethyl cellulose can be used in many ways.
Carboxymethyl cellulose’s not only in a variety of food products, but also in toothpaste, pharmaceuticals, and even household products, due to its stabilizing and thickening properties.



PREPARATION OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl cellulose is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.

Fabrics made of cellulose–e.g., cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into CMC.
Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carboxymethyl cellulose and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).

Carboxymethyl cellulose, called technical CMC, is used in detergents
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carboxymethyl cellulose, which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, which is typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Boiling Point: 525-528°C
Melting Point: 274°C (dec.)
pH: 6.0-8.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: High
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1.6 g/cm³
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
Storage temp.: Room temp
Solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble

Form: Low viscosity
pKa: 4.30 (at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
pH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
pH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0-8.0
Viscosity: 900 to 1400 mPa-s (1%, H2O, 25 ℃)
Water Solubility: Soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, SODIUM SALT
SCOGS (Select Committee on GRAS Substances): Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose

Chemical formula: Variable
Molar mass: Variable
Physical state: Solid
Color: Light yellow
Odor: Odorless
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point: > 300.05 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 250 °C
pH: At 10 g/l at 20 °C

Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: Soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: 1.59
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: None
Other safety information: No data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Carboxymethyl Cellulose or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is the major cellulose ether.


CAS Number: 9004-32-4
MDL number: MFCD00081472
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)


Carboxymethyl Cellulose or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Sodium Salt is the most often used form of cellulose gum.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is a hexose containing carboxymethyl cellulose, acetic acid, sodium and mannose components.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is a water-dispersible sodium salt of the carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose, forming a clear colloidal solution.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is a hygroscopic material with more than 50% water absorption at high humidity.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in the detergent, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is in the Gut Most likely, you’ve never heard of carboxymethyl cellulose or cellulose gum.
However, most people consume Carboxymethyl Cellulose on a regular basis.


Officially, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is a food additive used as a thickening, binding and emulsifying agent in foods and other products.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is produced by reacting natural cellulose—plant fiber—with “chloroacetic acid” in an alkaline solution.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is a component in many lubricants used in the treatment of DED in Europe.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in combination or as substitute for HA.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose has been shown to bind to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) probably through interaction of its glucopyranose subunits with glucose transporters.


In cell culture studies, Carboxymethyl Cellulose binding to matrix proteins stimulated HCEC attachment, migration, and reepithelialization of corneal wounds.
In a randomized, controlled, multicenter study comparing Carboxymethyl Cellulose alone to CMC with HA, CMC alone was able to significantly reduce subjective symptoms, tear film BUT, and ocular surface staining.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also available together with osmoprotective levocarnithine and erythritol.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose has function of thickening, emulsifying, suspension, water retention, tenacity strengthening, puffing and preservation in food.
In food, Carboxymethyl Cellulose can improve taste, promote product level and quality and prolong storage life.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is granular or fibrous powder, blank or slightly yellowish or greyish, slightly hygroscopic, odourless and tasteless.
This may be proposed in the form of a concentrate for solution in wine prior to use.
Solutions must contain at least 3,5 % Carboxymethyl Cellulose.


Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), also known as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The full English name is Carboxymethyl Cellulose, CAS No.9004-32-4.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is obtained by carboxymethylation of cellulose.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in several drug delivery and tissue engineering purposes.
The release of apomorphine, a drug used to regulate motor responses in Parkinson’s disease, was successfully incorporated into Carboxymethyl Cellulose powder formulation and exhibited a sustained nasal release, and performed better than starch-based delivery vehicle.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose has been used successfully in gastrointestinal drug delivery.
Hence, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is seen as a successful drug delivery system for mucosal tissue.
Apart from drug delivery, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is useful as a scaffold in tissue engineering.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose hydrogels having pH-dependent swelling characteristics were capable of releasing entrapped drug at the right pH present in the tissue of interest and showed great potential as a wound dressing material.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose hydrogels could be used for encapsulating cells of nucleus pulposis and hence are a potential replacement for intervertebral disk degeneration.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose's water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose has been combined with chitosan and hydroxyapatite for bone and dental regeneration purposes too.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with silicon-containing anodes.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also used in ice packs to form a eutectic mixture resulting in a lower freezing point, and therefore more cooling capacity than ice.
Aqueous solutions of Carboxymethyl Cellulose have also been used to disperse carbon nanotubes, where the long CMC molecules are thought to wrap around the nanotubes, allowing them to be dispersed in water.


In conservation-restoration, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used as an adhesive or fixative.
Due to its high solubility and clarity of its solutions, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is commonly used in beverages and beverage dry mixes to provide rich mouthfeel.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also used in acidified protein drinks to stabilize protein and prevent it from precipitating.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also added to syrup and sauce formulations to increase viscosity.
Bakery is another application where Carboxymethyl Cellulose is commonly used to improve the quality and the consistency of the end product.
In tortilla breads, for example, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used to improve the process ability of the dough and the textural properties of the end product, including foldability and rollability.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is found in numerous products.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is commonly used as a thickener in ice cream and yogurt, beverages, desserts and baked goods.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose’s also found in cosmetics, eye drops and toothpaste.


In addition, Carboxymethyl Cellulose’s frequently used as a binding agent in medications and nutritional supplements.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.


Regulated therapeutic uses: In ophthalmology, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in artificial tears, in the treatment of dry eyes.
By activating the noncrystalline regions of cellulose, selective regions of alkylating reagents can attack the cellulose.
This is termed the concept of reactive structure fractions and is used widely for the production of Carboxymethyl Cellulose.


Another route for carrying out the same reaction is by derivatization of cellulose in reactive microstructures, formed by induced phase separation.
This process involves the usage of NaOH in anhydrous state in combination with solvents like DMA/LiCl.
These Carboxymethyl Cellulose products have a distribution of substituents that deviate significantly from statistical prediction of the product theoretically.


Moreover, a Carboxymethyl Cellulose-lipid preparation with castor oil is frequently used in the care of MGD.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is an anionic, water-soluble cellulose derivative.
Solubility of Carboxymethyl Cellulose depends on the DP as well as the degree of substitution and the uniformity of the substitution distribution.


Water solubility of Carboxymethyl Cellulose would increase with decreased DP and increased carboxymethyl substitution and substitution uniformity.
The viscosity of the solution increases with increasing DP and increasing concentration.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is soluble in water at any temperature.


Because of its highly hygroscopic nature, CMC hydrates rapidly.
Rapid hydration may cause agglomeration and lump formation when the Carboxymethyl Cellulose powder is introduced into water.
Lump creation can be eliminated by applying high agitation while the powder is added into the water or preblending the Carboxymethyl Cellulose powder with other dry ingredients such as sugar before adding into water.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is widely used in petroleum industry drilling mud treatment agent, synthetic detergent, organic lotion, textile printing and dyeing sizing agent, daily chemical products water-soluble viscosifier, pharmaceutical industry adhesive and emulsifier, food industry thickening agent, ceramic industry adhesive, industrial paste, paper industry sizing agent, etc.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose can be used as flocculant in water treatment, mainly used in wastewater sludge treatment, and can improve the solid content of filter cake.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also a thickener.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in a variety of industries as a thickener and/or to prepare stable emulsions in both food and non-food products.


Insoluble microgranular Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used as a cation-exchange resin in ion-exchange chromatography for purification of proteins.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose has also been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex).
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used to stabilized palatized iron nanoparticles, which can also be used for dichlorination of contaminated surfaces.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose can also be used as a polymeric matrix to form a composite with a crystalline nanofibril for the development of sustainable bio-based polymers.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used as a thickener and stabilizer in foods.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose (cellulose gum) for oenological use is prepared exclusively from wood by treatment with alkali and monochloroacetic acid or its sodium salt.


Because of its good functional properties, Carboxymethyl Cellulose has been widely used in the food industry.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose also promotes the rapid and healthy development of the food industry to a certain extent.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose inhibits tartaric precipitation through a "protective colloid" effect.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose's aqueous solution has the functions of thickening, film-forming, bonding, moisture retention, colloid protection, emulsification and suspension, and is widely used in textiles, ceramics, petroleum, food, medicine and papermaking and other industries.
When Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in the textile, printing and dyeing industries, the textile industry uses CMC as a sizing agent for light yarn sizing of cotton, silk wool, chemical fibers, blended and other strong materials.


At the same time, because of its good balance and easy control, Carboxymethyl Cellulose can be used as thickener, flow improver and stabilizer for various textile printing pastes.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in the ceramic industry as an excipient, plasticizer, and reinforcing agent for blanks.


Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used for the base glaze and top glaze of ceramic tiles, which can keep the glaze in a stable dispersion state.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is mainly used in printing glaze to thicken, bond and disperse.


-Specific culinary uses of Carboxymethyl Cellulose:
Carboxymethyl Cellulose powder is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Carboxymethyl Celluloseis used in baking breads and cakes.

The use of Carboxymethyl Cellulose gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.
Carboxymethyl Celluloseis also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.
By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, Carboxymethyl Cellulose improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.

Carboxymethyl Cellulose can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.
The use of Carboxymethyl Cellulose in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.


-Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Food Industry
Carboxymethyl Cellulose has function of thickening, emulsifying, suspension, water retention, tenacity strengthening, puffing and preservation in food.
In food, Carboxymethyl Cellulose can improve taste, promote product level and quality and prolong storage life.


-Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Dyeing and Printing Industry
*Thickening, dispersing and emulsifying effect
*High degree of substitution and fine transparency performance
*Fine dispersing performance in water
*High viscosity and fine stability


-Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Paper Making Industry:
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in several procedures, such as pigment coating, addition in pulp, surface sizing.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose has excellent water-retaining property, dispersing property and shear thinning property.


-Medical applications of Carboxymethyl Cellulose:
Carboxymethyl Cellulose has been used in various medical applications.
Device for epistaxis (nose bleeding).
A poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) balloon is covered by Carboxymethyl Cellulose knitted fabric reinforced by nylon.

The device is soaked in water to form a gel, which is inserted into the nose of the balloon and inflated.
The combination of the inflated balloon and the therapeutic effect of the Carboxymethyl Cellulose stops the bleeding.

Fabric used as a dressing following ear nose and throat surgical procedures.
Water is added to form a gel, and this gel is inserted into the sinus cavity following surgery.
In veterinary medicine, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used in abdominal surgeries in large animals, particularly horses, to prevent the formation of bowel adhesions.


-Other uses of Carboxymethyl Cellulose:
In laundry detergents, Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where it acts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.



FEATURES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
1.Stable viscosity
2.Fine liquidity and even coating layer



EFFECT OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE IN MANUFACTURING OF TOOTHPASTE
1.Fine compatibility, even mix of toothpaste components
2.Endow toothpaste with fine moldability
3.Fine and smooth



CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY:
*Thickening, dispersing and emulsifying effect
*High degree of substitution and fine transparency performance
*Fine dispersing performance in water
*High viscosity and fine stability



ADVANTAGES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE IN DYEING AND PRINTING INDUSTRY:
1.More stable than natural thickener
2.Fine liquidity and even dyeing property
3.High degree of substitution: reduce reaction with active dyes and excellent soft
4.hand feel for printed fabric
5.Small amount of gel particle
6.Excellent coloring property
7.No harm on human body
8.Long term storage



CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE FOR OIL DRILLING INDUSTRY:
Effect of Carboxymethyl Cellulose in oil field
1.Mud with Carboxymethyl Cellulose makes wall of a well thin and solid
2.Add Carboxymethyl Cellulose in mud to make drilling machine get low shearing force
3.Mud with Carboxymethyl Cellulose almost is not influenced by mould
4.Mud with Carboxymethyl Cellulose has fine stability



ADVANTAGES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE IN OILFIELD:
1.High degree of substitution, fine evenness, high viscosity, low dosage
2.Wet resistance, salt resistance, base resistance
3.For fresh water, sea water and saturated salt water mud
4.For mud system with high solid content and large range of variation



FEATURES OF FRACTURING FLUID USED CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
1.Fine gel property
2.Excellent sand-carrying property
3.Easily for gel breaking
4.Low residue
5.Reduce pollution
6.Better crosslinking property



CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE FOR DETERGENT INDUSTRY:
Advantages of Carboxymethyl Cellulose in Detergent Industry
1.Thickening, dispersing and emulsifying effect
2.High degree of substitution and fine transparency performance
3.Fine dispersing performance in water
4.High viscosity and fine stability



FEATURES OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
1.Fine liquidity and thixotropy
2.Acid resistance: with PH 2-4
3.Salt resistance: can be added in any inorganic salt toothpaste
4.Heat resistant: fine and stable heat resistant effect
5.High transparency: high degree of substitution, small amount of free fiber and high degree of transparency
6.Strong antimicrobial resistance



FUNCTIONS OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE IN FOOD:
1.Thickening property: get viscosity under low concentration
2.Water-retaining property: reduce syneresis of food and prolong shelf life
3.Dispersing stability: keep food quality
4.Filming property: develop a layer of film on fry food
5.Chemical stability: stable to chemical drugs, heat and light



PROPERTIES OF FOOD CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
1.Even molecular distribution
2.High acid resistance
3.High salt resistance
4.High degree of substitution
5.Low content of gel
6.Same property with guar gum



ENZYMOLOGY OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Insoluble micro granular Carboxymethyl Cellulose is used as a cation-exchange resin in ion-exchange chromatography for the purification of proteins.
The level of derivatization is much lower, so the solubility properties of micro granular cellulose are retained, while adding sufficient negatively charged carboxylate groups to bind to positively charged proteins.

Moreover, Carboxymethyl Cellulose has also been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex).
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is a highly specific substrate for endo-acting cellulases, as its structure has been engineered to decrystallize cellulose and create amorphous sites that are ideal for endoglucanase action.

Carboxymethyl Cellulose is desirable because the catalysis product (glucose) is easily measured using a reducing sugar assay, such as 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.
Using Carboxymethyl Cellulose in enzyme assays is especially important in screening for cellulase enzymes that are needed for more efficient cellulosic ethanol conversion.
As the mechanism of cellulose depolymerization became better understood, Carboxymethyl Cellulose became clear that exo-cellulases are dominant in the degradation of crystalline and not soluble cellulose.



STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
The functional properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose depend on the degree of substitution of the cellulose structure [i.e., how many of the hydroxyl groups have been converted to carboxymethylene(oxy) groups in the substitution reaction, as well as the chain length of the cellulose backbone structure and the degree of clustering of the carboxymethyl substituents.



PREPARATION OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into CMC.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carboxymethyl Cellulose and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is the so-called technical Carboxymethyl Cellulose, which is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carboxymethyl Cellulose, which is used for alimentary and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.



CHEMICAL FORMULA OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
The polymers contain anhydroglucose units substituted with the following general formula:
[C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]n where
N is the degree of polymerisation
x = from 1.50 to 2.80
y = from 0.2 to 1.50
x + y = 3.0
(y = degree of substitution)
Note: Only the Carboxymethyl Cellulose possessing a degree of substitution between 0.6 and 1.0 are completely soluble.



DEGREE OF SUBSTITUTION OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Evaluate the degree of substitution using the method described below.
The degree of substitution must lie between 0.60 and 0.95.



MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Ranges from 17,000 to 300,000 (degree of polymerisation from 80 to 1,500).
The molecular weight can be evaluated through measurement of viscosity.
The viscosity of a 1 % solution must lie between 10 and 15 , or between 20 and 45 for a 2 % solution, or between 200 and 500 for a 4 % solution.



SOLUBILITY OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Carboxymethyl Cellulose forms viscous colloidal solution with water.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose is insoluble in ethanol.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
Chemical formula: variable
Molar mass: variable
Physical state: solid
Color: light yellow
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point: > 300,05 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 250 °C -
pH: at 10 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: 1,59
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Carboxymethylcellulose
carmellose
E466
Cellulose gum
CMC
Sodium CMC
Sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose
NaCMC



CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC)

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a versatile water-soluble polymer derived from natural cellulose sources.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a white to off-white powder or granular substance with a wide range of applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has a high degree of purity and is odorless and tasteless.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is known for its excellent thickening properties, forming viscous solutions and gels when dissolved in water.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-389-6



APPLICATIONS


Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has a wide range of applications across various industries.
Some of its key applications include:

Food and Beverage Industry:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in a variety of food products such as sauces, dressings, ice creams, and baked goods.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances texture, improves mouthfeel, and provides stability to food formulations.

Pharmaceutical Industry:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is utilized in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder in tablet manufacturing, providing cohesive strength to the compressed tablets.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is also used as a disintegrant to promote the rapid dissolution of tablets and as a viscosity modifier in liquid suspensions.

Personal Care and Cosmetics:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is incorporated into personal care and cosmetic products, including creams, lotions, shampoos, and toothpaste, as a thickening agent, emulsion stabilizer, and moisture retention agent.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) improves product consistency, enhances stability, and contributes to the desired texture.

Paper and Pulp Industry:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added to paper and pulp formulations as a retention aid, improving the retention of fillers, dyes, and other additives during the papermaking process.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances paper strength, formation, and printability while reducing surface porosity.

Textile Industry:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as a sizing agent in textile manufacturing to improve the strength, flexibility, and abrasion resistance of yarns and fabrics.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances weaving efficiency and reduces yarn breakage during the weaving process.

Ceramic Industry:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a binder in ceramic manufacturing, promoting adhesion between ceramic particles and improving the green strength of ceramic bodies.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) aids in shaping, molding, and drying processes.

Paints and Coatings:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is incorporated into paint formulations as a thickener, providing rheological control and preventing pigment settling.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) contributes to the stability, workability, and application properties of paints and coatings.

Adhesives and Sealants:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as a binder and rheology modifier in adhesive and sealant formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances adhesive strength, improves tack, and controls the flow and consistency of the product.

Detergents and Cleaning Products:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in detergents and cleaning products as a thickening agent, improving the viscosity and stability of formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) helps in the suspension of particles, preventing settling and ensuring uniform distribution.

Oil and Gas Industry:
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in oil drilling fluids as a viscosifier and fluid loss control agent.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances the viscosity and stability of drilling fluids, reducing fluid loss and improving drilling efficiency.


In the food industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as a thickening agent in sauces, gravies, and soups, providing improved consistency and texture.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a stabilizer in dairy products such as ice cream and yogurt, preventing phase separation and maintaining product quality.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used as a binding agent in bakery products, helping to improve dough elasticity and moisture retention.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added to beverages to enhance mouthfeel, stabilize suspensions, and prevent sedimentation.
In the pharmaceutical industry, CMC is used in tablet formulations as a binder, ensuring the cohesive strength of the compressed tablets.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is utilized as a disintegrant in tablets, facilitating the breakdown and dissolution of the tablet for effective drug release.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in ophthalmic solutions as a lubricant and viscosity enhancer, improving comfort and retention on the ocular surface.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in topical gels and creams as a thickening agent, aiding in the even application and absorption of active ingredients.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in personal care products like shampoos and conditioners to enhance viscosity, improve foam stability, and provide a smooth feel.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in toothpaste formulations as a binder and thickener, improving product texture and aiding in the dispersion of active ingredients.
In the textile industry, CMC is used as a sizing agent to provide strength and stiffness to yarns during weaving.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a thickener and rheology modifier in textile printing pastes, improving printability and color yield.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added to detergents and cleaning products to enhance viscosity, improve stability, and aid in the Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in paper coatings, where it improves ink adhesion, enhances surface smoothness, and reduces porosity.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in papermaking as a retention aid, improving the retention of fillers, fibers, and additives in the paper.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in ceramic manufacturing as a binder, facilitating the shaping and molding of ceramic bodies.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a suspending agent in ceramic glazes, preventing settling and ensuring uniform application.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in adhesives and sealants to provide viscosity control and improve bonding strength.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in oil drilling fluids as a viscosifier, enhancing the rheological properties and carrying capacity of the fluid.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a fluid loss control agent in drilling fluids, reducing the loss of fluid into the formation and maintaining wellbore stability.
In the construction industry, CMC is used in cement-based formulations to improve workability, adhesion, and water retention.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in textile printing as a thickener, facilitating the application of color pastes onto fabrics.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in mining and mineral processing as a flocculant, aiding in solid-liquid separation and improving process efficiency.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in water treatment as a coagulant aid, assisting in the removal of suspended particles and impurities.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the agricultural industry as a film-forming agent, aiding in the adhesion and efficacy of crop protection products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the textile industry as a warp sizing agent, improving the strength and flexibility of yarns during weaving.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the production of ceramics, where it acts as a binder to enhance the green strength of ceramic bodies.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added to paint formulations as a thickener and stabilizer, improving the flow properties and preventing pigment settling.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to control viscosity, improve bonding, and enhance adhesive strength.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in oilfield drilling fluids as a viscosifier and fluid loss control agent, ensuring efficient drilling operations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the manufacturing of batteries to improve the adhesion of electrode materials and enhance battery performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the construction industry as a water-retaining agent, improving the workability and hydration of cement-based materials.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in the production of detergents and cleaning products to improve viscosity, stability, and suspension of particles.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the formulation of hair care products such as hair gels and mousses, providing hold and styling benefits.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the formulation of pet food, acting as a binder and improving the texture and palatability of the food.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added to drilling muds in geotechnical engineering to improve soil stabilization and prevent water loss.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the mining industry as a flocculant, aiding in the separation of solid particles from mining wastewater.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the production of ceramic glazes, improving suspension, flow, and adhesion properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in the formulation of detergents and household cleaners to enhance foam stability and cleaning efficiency.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the textile industry for pigment printing, improving color fastness and print definition.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the production of ceramics for investment casting, providing binder properties for creating intricate molds.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the formulation of insecticides and herbicides, improving adhesion to plant surfaces and enhancing efficacy.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in the manufacturing of detergents and laundry products to prevent soil redeposition and enhance stain removal.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the production of ceramic membranes for filtration and separation processes in various industries.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the formulation of lubricants and greases to improve their viscosity, stability, and performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in the production of biodegradable films and coatings, offering barrier properties and controlled release characteristics.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the formulation of veterinary products, such as oral suspensions and topical gels, improving product stability and ease of administration.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the production of latex paints as a thickener and rheology modifier, improving their application and film properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in the formulation of industrial cleaners for metal surfaces, aiding in the removal of contaminants and improving surface finish.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the production of textile sizing agents, improving the weaving efficiency and quality of woven fabrics.



DESCRIPTION


Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a versatile water-soluble polymer derived from natural cellulose sources.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a white to off-white powder or granular substance with a wide range of applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has a high degree of purity and is odorless and tasteless.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is known for its excellent thickening properties, forming viscous solutions and gels when dissolved in water.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has good stability over a wide range of pH values and temperature conditions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning its viscosity decreases under shear stress.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is easily dispersible in cold water, forming clear solutions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has excellent film-forming properties, allowing it to create protective coatings and barriers.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can absorb and retain large amounts of water, making it suitable for hydration applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is non-toxic, safe for use in various industries, and compatible with many other substances.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is widely used as a thickening agent in food and beverage products, enhancing texture and stability.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a suspending agent, preventing settling of particles in liquids.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder, disintegrant, and viscosity modifier in tablet production.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) improves the flow properties of powders and aids in the manufacturing of solid dosage forms.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a common ingredient in personal care products such as creams, lotions, and shampoos, providing viscosity and stability.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can act as an emulsion stabilizer, preventing phase separation in cosmetic formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) finds applications in the textile industry as a sizing agent, improving the handling and performance of fabrics.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances the adhesion of ink and dyes to paper surfaces, improving the print quality and color intensity.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in the paper and pulp industry as a retention aid, increasing the retention of fillers and additives during papermaking.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) improves the strength, formation, and surface properties of paper, leading to better printability and paper quality.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is utilized in oil drilling fluids as a viscosifier and fluid loss control agent, ensuring efficient drilling operations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) acts as a binder in ceramics, promoting adhesion between particles and improving the strength of ceramic products.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a commonly used ingredient in various household and industrial cleaning products, providing thickening and stabilization.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is employed in wastewater treatment as a flocculant, aiding in the separation of solids and clarification of water.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has diverse industrial applications, ranging from adhesives and coatings to detergents and agricultural products.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative that is chemically modified by the addition of carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) to the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a water-soluble polymer derived from natural cellulose sources, such as wood pulp or cotton fibers.
The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl groups can vary, leading to different grades of CMC with distinct properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is commercially available as a white to off-white powder or granular form.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is odorless and tasteless, and it can swell in water to form a viscous gel-like solution.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is known for its excellent thickening, stabilizing, and film-forming properties, which make it a versatile ingredient in various industries.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: (C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa)n, where n represents the degree of polymerization.
Molecular Weight: Variable, depending on the degree of polymerization.
Appearance: White to off-white, odorless powder or granules.
Solubility: Soluble in water, forming a viscous colloidal solution.
pH: Typically between 6.0 and 8.5 in a 1% aqueous solution.
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits hygroscopic properties, readily absorbing moisture from the atmosphere.
Gel Formation: Can form a gel structure in the presence of water, providing viscosity and stability to formulations.
Rheology: Exhibits pseudoplastic flow behavior, meaning viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.
Swelling Capacity: CMC has the ability to swell significantly in water or aqueous solutions.
Film-Forming: Can form thin, transparent films when a concentrated solution is dried.
Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage.
Thermal Stability: CMC is stable up to a certain temperature range, typically around 80-90°C, above which it may undergo degradation.
Compatibility: Generally compatible with a wide range of other ingredients and additives used in various formulations.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) dust is inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or breathing difficulties occur, seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical advice.


Eye Contact:

If Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with gentle streams of water for at least 15 minutes, while holding the eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the details of the substance for appropriate treatment.


Ingestion:

If Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is ingested, rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek medical attention and provide the details of the substance ingested.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:

Wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to minimize the risk of skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection, such as a dust mask or respirator, if handling Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in dusty form or under conditions that may generate airborne particles.

Ventilation:

Ensure good general and local exhaust ventilation in the handling area to maintain air quality and minimize the concentration of airborne particles.

Avoidance of Contamination:

Prevent cross-contamination with incompatible substances by keeping Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) containers and equipment clean and separate from other chemicals.
Use dedicated equipment for handling and transferring Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to avoid potential contamination.

Safe Handling Practices:

Handle Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with care to prevent spills or releases.
Follow proper procedures for weighing, mixing, and dispensing the substance.
Avoid generating dust or aerosols during handling by using appropriate containment measures, such as closed systems or dust control methods.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:

Store Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Maintain the storage area at ambient temperature and humidity levels to prevent moisture absorption and degradation.
Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled to prevent accidental spills or exposure.

Compatibility:

Store Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) away from incompatible substances, including strong oxidizing agents, acids, and alkalis, to avoid potential reactions or degradation.

Specific Requirements:

Follow any specific storage requirements mentioned on the product label or safety data sheet provided by the manufacturer.
Keep Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) containers off the floor to prevent contact with moisture and to facilitate easy inspection and handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:

In the event of a spill or leak, contain the material using appropriate containment measures, such as absorbent materials or barriers.
Clean up spills promptly, following proper procedures for waste disposal and in accordance with local regulations.



SYNONYMS


Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
CMC
Cellulose gum
Cellulose carboxymethyl ether
Cellulose sodium glycolate
Sodium cellulose glycolate
Sodium CMC
Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium CMC gum
Sodium CMC ether
Sodium CMC salt
Sodium salt of cellulose carboxymethyl ether
Carboxy-methyl-cellulose sodium salt
Sodium salt of carboxy-methyl-cellulose
Sodium carboxy-methyl-cellulose ether
Sodium cellulose carboxylate
Sodium cellulose glycolate
Sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose ether
Sodium glycolate of cellulose
Sodium carboxyethyl cellulose
Sodium carboxylate of cellulose
Cellulose sodium carboxylate
Cellulose sodium carboxymethylate
Sodium cellulose carboxyethyl ether
Sodium salt of carboxymethyl ether of cellulose
Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl
Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate
Sodium cellulose glycolate
Sodium CMC salt
Sodium CMC gum
Sodium cellulose glycol ether
Sodium carboxymethyl ether of cellulose
Carboxyethyl cellulose sodium salt
Sodium carboxyethyl cellulose ether
Sodium salt of cellulose glycol ether
Sodium salt of carboxyethyl cellulose
Sodium carboxymethylated cellulose
Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl ether
Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose ether
Sodium salt of cellulose carboxyethyl ether
Sodium carboxy-methyl-cellulose salt
Sodium cellulose carboxyethoxyate
Sodium carboxyethylated cellulose
Sodium cellulose carboxylmethyl ether
Sodium cellulose carboxylethyl ether
Sodium salt of carboxyethoxycellulose
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gum
Sodium cellulose carboxyethylether
Sodium carboxyethyl cellulose sodium salt
Sodium salt of carboxyethylmethyl cellulose
Carboxymethylated cellulose
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt
Sodium salt of carboxyethoxycellulose
Sodium salt of cellulose carboxyethylether
Sodium carboxyethyl cellulose gum
Sodium cellulose glycol etherate
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose ether
Sodium cellulose carboxylmethylether
Sodium carboxymethylated cellulose ether
Sodium salt of carboxyethylated cellulose
Sodium cellulose carboxymethyletherate
Sodium carboxyethylether of cellulose
Sodium carboxymethyl ether cellulose
Sodium cellulose carboxyethyletherate
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose gum
Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate
Sodium salt of carboxyethylether of cellulose
Sodium salt of cellulose carboxyethylmethylether
Sodium carboxymethyl ether of cellulose gum
Sodium carboxymethyl ether of cellulose sodium salt
Sodium cellulose glycol ether of carboxymethyl
Sodium cellulose glycol ether of carboxyethylether
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt gum
Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate sodium salt
Sodium salt of carboxyethylether of methylcellulose
CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC) POWDER

Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, a natural substance found in plant cell walls.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is produced through the chemical modification of cellulose by introducing carboxymethyl groups to enhance its functionality.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is often encountered in the form of a white or creamish powder with a granular texture.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Cellulose gum, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethylated cellulose, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, CMC-Na, Modified cellulose, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethylated starch, Cellulose carboxylic acid, Sodium carboxymethyl ether cellulose, Carboxy-methyl cellulose sodium salt, Carboxy-methylcellulose, Cellulose carboxymethylate sodium salt, CMC sodium salt, Sodium cellulose carboxylate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Carboxy-methyl cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl, Cellulose carboxymethyl sodium, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium salt of cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Cellulose gum, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethylated cellulose, Modified cellulose, Carboxy-methyl cellulose sodium salt, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, CMC-Na, Sodium salt of cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Carboxymethylated starch, Sodium cellulose carboxylate, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Sodium carboxymethyl ether cellulose, Cellulose carboxylic acid, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxy-methyl cellulose sodium salt, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Cellulose carboxymethyl sodium, CMC sodium salt, Sodium cellulose carboxylate, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.



APPLICATIONS


Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder finds extensive use in the food industry as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier, contributing to the texture and stability of products such as sauces, dressings, and ice cream.
In the pharmaceutical sector, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder serves as a binder and disintegrant in tablet formulations, aiding in the cohesion and disintegration of pharmaceutical tablets.
Textile industries utilize Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder as a sizing agent to improve the strength and texture of yarns during the weaving process.
The paper industry employs Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder as a coating and binding agent to enhance the quality and printability of paper products.

Water-based paints benefit from Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder's ability to control viscosity, preventing sedimentation and improving stability during storage and application.
Personal care products, including shampoos and toothpaste, incorporate Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder for its thickening and stabilizing properties, enhancing product performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is found in certain detergents, contributing to stabilization and viscosity control in liquid formulations.
In the oil and gas industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is used in drilling fluids to control viscosity and fluid loss during the drilling process.

The pseudoplastic nature of Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder makes it suitable for applications where viscosity reduction under shear stress is desired, such as in printing inks.
The food additive E466, derived from Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder, is extensively used in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products, serving as a thickening and stabilizing agent.
Vegetarian burgers benefit from Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder's use, enhancing texture, stability, and shelf life, making them more palatable and manageable during cooking.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder contributes to the suspension and support of particles in beverages like orange juice, pulpy orange, coconut juice, and fruit tea.
In instant noodles, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder helps control moisture content, reduce oil absorption, and enhance the glossiness of the noodles.
Dehydrated vegetables, tofu skin, and dried tofu sticks benefit from Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder, as it facilitates rehydration and improves the overall appearance of the products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the creation of reusable heat packs due to its water retention properties, providing effective and long-lasting heat therapy.

The medical field utilizes Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder in wound healing applications, where it aids in the development of certain types of dressings and bandages.
The textile sizing process relies on Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder to ensure proper adherence of fibers during fabric production, improving the quality of textiles.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is integral to the filtration industry, contributing to the production of filtration materials and synthetic membranes for diverse applications.
Water-based adhesives benefit from the viscosity control provided by CMC, ensuring proper bonding and application in various industries.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is employed in the creation of detergents, where it aids in maintaining stability and controlling viscosity in liquid formulations.

In the construction industry, CMC may be used in cement-based products to improve workability and water retention properties.
The paint and coatings industry incorporates CMC to enhance the performance and stability of water-based formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the creation of certain pharmaceutical suspensions, providing stabilization and controlled release properties.

The leather crafting industry employs CMC to burnish edges, enhancing the overall finish and appearance of leather products.
The versatile nature of Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder extends to the production of ceramics, where it is used as a binder and rheology modifier in clay formulations.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is commonly used in the production of adhesive products, where it contributes to improved bonding and tackiness.
In the detergent industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder assists in stabilizing liquid formulations and preventing phase separation.

The pharmaceutical sector employs Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder in oral suspensions to enhance drug stability and ensure uniform distribution.
Bakery products benefit from Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder as a dough conditioner, preventing staling and improving the overall quality of bread and pastries.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder plays a role in the mining industry, where it is utilized in ore flotation processes to enhance mineral separation.
The textile printing industry uses Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder as a thickener for dye pastes, ensuring uniform and controlled color application.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is added to drilling muds in the oil and gas sector to control fluid viscosity and aid in wellbore stability during drilling operations.

Toothpaste formulations often include CMC to enhance the product's texture, aiding in the even distribution of abrasive particles.
In the production of ceramic glazes, CMC acts as a binder, ensuring adhesion to the ceramic surface and improving glaze consistency.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is used in the manufacturing of artificial tears in ophthalmic solutions to provide lubrication and relief for dry eyes.

Watercolor paints may contain Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder as a thickener, improving brushability and preventing pigment settling.
In the creation of latex gloves, CMC is employed as a binder to enhance the glove's strength and flexibility.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the formulation of liquid detergents to control viscosity and improve stability during storage and use.

The oil refining industry incorporates Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder in wastewater treatment processes to aid in the removal of suspended solids.
The construction industry may use Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder in mortar formulations to improve workability and adhesion to surfaces.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder serves as a stabilizing agent in the production of ceramic bodies, ensuring uniform drying and firing characteristics.
In the production of pet food, CMC may be included as a binder to improve the shape and texture of the final product.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the creation of textile printing pastes, contributing to improved color yield and print quality.
The pharmaceutical industry relies on Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder in controlled-release drug formulations to regulate drug release over time.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is employed in the creation of latex paints to control viscosity, prevent settling, and improve overall paint stability.
In the manufacturing of cosmetics, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder may be included in formulations like creams and lotions for its thickening and stabilizing properties.

The ceramics industry uses CMC in the production of greenware to enhance plasticity and reduce cracking during shaping.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder finds applications in the production of ceramic extrusion bodies, ensuring proper shaping and forming.
The textile dyeing process benefits from CMC as a leveling agent, promoting even dye distribution on fabrics.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the production of cleaning gels to control viscosity and enhance the adhesion of cleaning agents to surfaces.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is an essential ingredient in the formulation of ceramic glazes, providing suspension and adhesion properties for even application on pottery.
The pharmaceutical industry utilizes CMC in the production of nasal sprays to improve viscosity and enhance the spray's effectiveness.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder serves as a crucial component in the manufacturing of liquid pesticides, aiding in the formulation's stability and sprayability.
In the creation of battery electrodes, CMC is employed as a binder to enhance the structural integrity and conductivity of the electrodes.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is added to latex-based caulks and sealants to control viscosity, ensuring smooth application and proper adhesion.
The oil and gas drilling sector employs CMC in fracturing fluids to control fluid viscosity and prevent fluid loss in the reservoir.

The creation of film coatings for tablets in the pharmaceutical industry often involves the use of CMC for its film-forming and disintegration properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is used in the formulation of watercolor masking fluids, aiding in the controlled application and removal of masking agents in art.
The production of cleaning pastes and gels incorporates CMC to control rheology and enhance the cleaning agent's adhesion.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the manufacturing of lithium-ion battery electrolytes to improve the electrolyte's viscosity and overall stability.
In the foundry industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is added to molding sand to enhance its binding properties and improve the quality of castings.
The creation of liquid detergents for dishwashing benefits from CMC, providing stability and viscosity control in the formulation.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder acts as a stabilizer in the production of biodegradable hydraulic fracturing fluids in the oil and gas industry.
The automotive industry uses Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder in the formulation of water-based paint primers, contributing to improved adhesion and corrosion resistance.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is employed in the production of water-based drilling muds, aiding in fluid viscosity control and borehole stability.
The creation of fabric softeners involves the use of CMC to enhance the product's viscosity and stability.
In the textile industry, CMC is utilized in the sizing of warp yarns to improve strength, flexibility, and overall weaving efficiency.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder serves as a binder in the production of ceramic tiles, ensuring proper adhesion of raw materials during the pressing and firing processes.
The manufacturing of ceramic honeycomb structures for catalytic converters benefits from CMC as a binder and shaping agent.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is added to the formulation of agricultural sprays to improve adhesion and coverage on plant surfaces.

The creation of latex-based wallpaper adhesives involves the use of CMC to control viscosity and improve adhesive performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the paper recycling process as a flocculating agent, aiding in the separation of ink particles from paper fibers.

The formulation of inkjet printing inks often includes CMC for its stabilizing and viscosity-controlling properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder contributes to the stability and rheological control of water-based drilling fluids in geotechnical and environmental drilling applications.
In the production of ceramic fiber products, CMC is utilized as a binder to enhance fiber cohesion and overall product integrity.



DESCRIPTION


Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, a natural substance found in plant cell walls.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is produced through the chemical modification of cellulose by introducing carboxymethyl groups to enhance its functionality.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is often encountered in the form of a white or creamish powder with a granular texture.

This versatile compound is valued for its ability to act as a thickener, stabilizer, and rheology modifier in various applications.
The chemical structure of Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder includes carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) attached to the cellulose backbone.
One of its distinctive properties is high water solubility, allowing easy incorporation into liquid formulations.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is employed in the food industry as a common food additive (E466) for its thickening and stabilizing properties in products like sauces and ice cream.
In pharmaceuticals, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder serves as a binder and disintegrant in tablet formulations, contributing to the structural integrity of the medication.
Textile industries use Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder as a sizing agent to improve the strength and texture of yarns.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the paper industry as a coating and binding agent to enhance the quality of paper products.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder plays a crucial role in water-based paints by controlling viscosity and improving formulation stability.
Personal care products, including shampoos and toothpaste, often contain CMC for its thickening and stabilizing characteristics.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is found in certain detergents, contributing to stabilization and viscosity control.
The oil and gas industry uses CMC in drilling fluids to control viscosity and fluid loss during the drilling process.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is known for its pseudoplasticity, meaning it exhibits reduced viscosity under shear stress and returns to its original viscosity at rest.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder enhances the texture and shelf life of vegetarian burgers, making them more palatable during cooking and consumption.
The addition of Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder to orange juice, pulpy orange, coconut juice, and fruit tea provides excellent suspension and support.

In instant noodles, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder helps control moisture content, reduce oil absorption, and enhance the glossiness of the noodles.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder contributes to the rehydration and appearance of dehydrated vegetables, tofu skin, and dried tofu sticks.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is utilized in the creation of reusable heat packs due to its water retention properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder has applications in wound healing, where it aids in creating certain types of dressings and bandages.
Its non-toxic and hypoallergenic nature makes CMC suitable for various medical treatments.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a cellulose derivative that is commonly used as a thickener, stabilizer, and viscosity modifier in various industries.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder is produced by chemically modifying cellulose through the introduction of carboxymethyl groups.



PROPERTIES


Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
Form: low viscosity
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or difficulty persists, seek medical attention.
Provide artificial respiration if the person is not breathing.


Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact, immediately remove contaminated clothing.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be washed before reuse.


Eye Contact:

In case of contact with the eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, rinse the mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide a copy of the safety data sheet (SDS) to medical personnel.


General First Aid:

If symptoms of exposure occur, seek medical advice.
Never administer anything by mouth to an unconscious person.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and safety glasses or goggles, to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use in well-ventilated areas or provide local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Preventive Measures:
Avoid breathing dust or mist.
Use engineering controls to minimize exposure.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling CMC.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while working with the material.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Clean up spills promptly to prevent slipping hazards.
Use appropriate absorbent materials, and dispose of waste in accordance with local regulations.

Storage Compatibility:
Store CMC away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Temperature Control:
Store in a cool, dry place.
Avoid prolonged exposure to high temperatures.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to avoid static electricity buildup.
Ground equipment and containers during transfer operations.

Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate handling equipment, such as closed systems or dust collection systems, to minimize dust generation.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling CMC are adequately trained in the safe use and handling of the material.


Storage:

Container Integrity:
Ensure that storage containers are tightly closed to prevent contamination and exposure to moisture.

Segregation:
Store CMC away from incompatible substances and hazardous materials.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage containers with the product name, hazard information, and appropriate precautionary measures.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage areas at ambient temperatures.
Avoid extremes of heat or cold.

Ventilation:
Provide adequate ventilation in storage areas to minimize the risk of dust accumulation.

Shelving and Racking:
Use appropriate shelving and racking systems to prevent containers from falling and sustaining damage.

Inventory Control:
Implement a first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory system to ensure that older stock is used first.

Security:
Restrict access to storage areas to authorized personnel only.

Emergency Procedures:
Have emergency procedures in place, including spill response and fire safety measures.

Monitoring:
Regularly monitor storage conditions to ensure compliance with safety requirements.
CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (CMC) TYPES 
SYNONYMS CM-Cellulose sodium salt; Cellulose glycolic acid, sodium salt; Cellulose sodium glycolate; Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt; Sodium carboxmethylcellulose; CAS NO. 9004-32-4
CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE (DETERGENT GRADE)

Carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade), often abbreviated as CMC, is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.
In its detergent grade form, carboxymethyl cellulose is specifically tailored for use in detergent and cleaning product formulations.

CAS Number: 9000-11-7
EC Number: 900-432-4

Synonyms: Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Cellulose gum, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium carboxymethyl ether, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Carmellose sodium, Carmellose, E466, E466 (additive), CMC sodium, Sodium carmellose, Cellulose methyl ether, Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Carmalose sodium, Sodium CMC gum, Aqualon CMC, CMC-Na, CMC, Na, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose gum



APPLICATIONS


Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is extensively used in laundry detergents to enhance cleaning performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) serves as a thickening agent, increasing the viscosity of detergent solutions for better adherence to surfaces.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) helps to stabilize detergent formulations, preventing phase separation and ensuring uniformity.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) acts as a dispersant, facilitating the dispersion of dirt, oil, and other soil particles in water.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) aids in suspending insoluble particles in detergent solutions, preventing settling and redeposition onto fabrics.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade)'s film-forming properties help to prevent soil redeposition on fabrics during the wash cycle.
Foam control is another important application of Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade), regulating foam formation to optimize washing efficiency.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) acts as a binder, holding detergent ingredients together and ensuring their uniform distribution.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) contributes to the overall texture and stability of detergent formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is used in dishwashing detergents to improve cleaning efficacy and foaming properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) finds applications in multi-purpose cleaners, enhancing their viscosity and stability.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is employed in industrial cleaning products, such as degreasers and floor cleaners.
In carpet shampoos, it helps to suspend soil particles and enhance cleaning action.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is effective in automotive cleaners, aiding in the removal of grease and grime from engine parts.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) serves as a thickener in hand soaps and body washes, improving their texture and lathering properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is added to toilet bowl cleaners to increase viscosity and cling to vertical surfaces.

In household surface cleaners, it aids in dispersing and suspending soil particles for effective cleaning.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is widely used in industrial and institutional cleaning products for its versatility and performance.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is used in laundry pre-treatment products to improve the removal of tough stains.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) finds applications in pet shampoos and grooming products for its mildness and foaming properties.

In carpet and upholstery cleaners, it helps to suspend soil particles and enhance extraction during cleaning.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is employed in floor wax strippers to improve the removal of old wax layers.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) serves as a stabilizer in fabric softeners, preventing phase separation and ensuring uniform dispersion of active ingredients.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is used in mold and mildew removers to improve adherence to surfaces and cleaning efficacy.
The applications of Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) span various cleaning and maintenance products, contributing to their effectiveness and user satisfaction.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is utilized in kitchen degreasers to emulsify and disperse grease for easier removal.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) finds applications in glass cleaners to improve streak-free cleaning on windows and mirrors.
In oven cleaners, Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) helps to disperse and emulsify baked-on grease and food residues.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is added to bathroom cleaners to improve the removal of soap scum and mineral deposits.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) serves as a thickening agent in rust removers, aiding in surface adhesion.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is used in pool and spa cleaners to aid in the removal of algae and other organic contaminants.

In tile and grout cleaners, Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) improves penetration and dissolution of grime and mildew.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is added to pressure washing detergents to enhance the removal of dirt and stains from exterior surfaces.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is effective in fabric spot removers, lifting and suspending stains for easier washing.
In carpet spot treatments, it improves penetration and breakdown of tough stains.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is utilized in leather cleaners to soften and condition leather while removing dirt and stains.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) aids in removing algae, mold, and oxidation from boat and RV exteriors.

In industrial degreasers, Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) emulsifies and disperses oil and grease for effective cleaning.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is added to concrete cleaners to remove dirt, oil, and other contaminants from surfaces.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) serves as a thickener in paint strippers, allowing for better adhesion to vertical surfaces.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is utilized in graffiti removers to dissolve and remove spray paint and other graffiti materials.
In boat hull cleaners, Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) helps to loosen and suspend marine growth for easier removal.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) aids in engine degreasers by emulsifying and dispersing oil and grease for effective cleaning.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is effective in mold release agents, preventing sticking of molded parts.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is utilized in metal brighteners to improve the appearance of metal surfaces by removing tarnish and oxidation.
In barbecue grill cleaners, Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) helps to emulsify and remove baked-on grease and food residues.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is added to kitchen drain cleaners to improve adhesion to pipe surfaces and enhance cleaning action.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is effective in concrete sealers, aiding in the formation of a protective barrier.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is utilized in tile sealers to improve penetration and enhance surface protection.
Overall, the diverse applications of Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) extend to various cleaning and maintenance tasks, providing effective solutions for a wide range of surfaces and materials.



DESCRIPTION


Carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade), often abbreviated as CMC, is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.
In its detergent grade form, carboxymethyl cellulose is specifically tailored for use in detergent and cleaning product formulations.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is widely used in detergent formulations for its versatile properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is typically a white to off-white powder or granules.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) has a neutral odor and taste, making it suitable for various applications.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is highly soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opalescent solutions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) exhibits excellent thickening properties, enhancing the viscosity of detergent formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) acts as a stabilizer, preventing phase separation in liquid detergents.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) helps to disperse soil and other particles, improving cleaning efficiency.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) can suspend insoluble particles in detergent solutions, preventing settling and redeposition.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) forms a protective film on surfaces, aiding in soil removal and preventing re-soiling.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) contributes to foam control in detergents, optimizing washing efficiency.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is biodegradable under aerobic conditions, aligning with environmental sustainability goals.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is compatible with a wide range of other detergent ingredients.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) exhibits pH stability over a broad range, maintaining detergent performance under various conditions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) has good adhesion properties, ensuring uniform distribution of active ingredients.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is non-toxic and safe for use in household cleaning products when used as directed.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) undergoes rigorous quality control measures to ensure consistency and performance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is easy to handle and incorporate into detergent manufacturing processes.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) can be used in various types of detergents, including laundry, dishwashing, and multi-purpose cleaners.
The versatility of Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) makes it a valuable ingredient in detergent formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) contributes to the overall appearance and quality of detergents, enhancing consumer satisfaction.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) is a cost-effective solution for improving the performance of detergent products.
Its water-binding properties help to prevent re-soiling of fabrics and surfaces after cleaning.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (Detergent grade) demonstrates excellent compatibility with a wide range of surfactants and builders.
Overall, carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) is an indispensable component in modern detergent formulations, contributing to their effectiveness and usability.



PROPERTIES


Appearance: White to off-white powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opalescent solutions. Insoluble in organic solvents.
Density: Typically around 0.5-0.7 g/cm³ for the powder form.
Viscosity: Varies depending on the molecular weight and degree of substitution; can range from low to high viscosity grades.
pH: Usually between 6.5 and 8.5 for a 1% aqueous solution.
Particle Size: Fine powder with particle size typically around 80-100 mesh.
Moisture Content: Generally less than 10% for most commercial grades.
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic, absorbs moisture from the air.
Ash Content: Typically less than 1%.



FIRST AID


1. Inhalation

Immediate Actions:
If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air immediately.

Assessment:
Check the individual's breathing.
If breathing is difficult, ensure a clear airway and administer oxygen if available.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical assistance if respiratory symptoms persist or worsen.


2. Skin Contact

Immediate Actions:
Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.

Washing:
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical advice if irritation persists or if skin damage is evident.


3. Eye Contact

Immediate Actions:
Flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the eyelids occasionally to ensure thorough rinsing.

Contact Lenses:
Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing.

Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, pain, or visual disturbances occur.


4. Ingestion

Immediate Actions:
Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical advice immediately.
Provide medical personnel with information about the ingested substance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Respiratory Protection:
Use appropriate respiratory protection (e.g., dust mask) if handling carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) in dusty environments or where airborne exposure is possible.

Skin Protection:
Wear protective gloves, clothing, and footwear to prevent skin contact.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or dust.


2. Handling Practices

Minimize Dust:
Avoid generating dust by handling carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) carefully and using dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or wet methods.

Avoid Direct Contact:
Minimize direct skin contact with carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade).
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Do Not Eat, Drink, or Smoke:
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) to prevent accidental ingestion.

Work Area Hygiene:
Maintain good housekeeping practices in work areas to prevent the accumulation of dust and spills.


3. Equipment and Tools

Use Suitable Equipment:
Use appropriate handling equipment (e.g., scoops, shovels) to transfer carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) to minimize dust generation.

Cleaning Equipment:
Clean handling equipment regularly to prevent cross-contamination.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) with product information and handling precautions.


Storage

1. Storage Conditions

Temperature:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight.

Humidity Control:
Maintain humidity levels to prevent moisture absorption, which can affect the quality and flow properties of carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade).

Avoid Contamination:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) away from incompatible materials, such as acids, oxidizing agents, and strong bases.

Segregation:
Separate carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) from food, feed, and other materials to prevent contamination.


2. Container Handling

Original Packaging:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) in its original packaging or in suitable containers that are tightly sealed to prevent moisture ingress.

Avoid Damage:
Handle containers carefully to prevent damage that could lead to spills or contamination.

Check Integrity:
Regularly inspect containers for signs of damage or leaks.
Dispose of damaged containers appropriately.


3. Special Considerations

Bulk Storage:
If storing carboxymethyl cellulose (detergent grade) in bulk quantities, use appropriate storage facilities equipped with dust control measures and fire protection systems.

Temperature Control:
Monitor storage temperatures to prevent exposure to extreme heat or cold, which could affect product stability.

Emergency Response:
Have spill response procedures and cleanup materials readily available in case of accidental spills or releases.

CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE GUM


Carboxymethyl cellulose gum, often referred to simply as CMC gum, is a derivative of cellulose, a naturally occurring polymer found in the cell walls of plants.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is produced through the chemical modification of cellulose by introducing carboxymethyl groups onto the cellulose backbone.
This modification results in a water-soluble polymer with a range of useful properties, making it valuable in various industrial and commercial applications.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: Carboxymethyl cellulose gum, CMC gum, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gum, Sodium CMC gum, Cellulose gum, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether gum, Sodium cellulose glycolate gum, Sodium carboxymethyl ether gum, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose gum, Carmellose gum, Carmellose sodium gum, Carmellose, E466 gum, E466 (additive) gum, CMC sodium gum, Sodium carmellose gum, Cellulose methyl ether gum, Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose gum, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt gum, Carmalose sodium gum, Sodium CMC gum, CMC-Na gum, CMC, Na gum, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose gum, Sodium cellulose glycolate gum, Cellulose, 2-(carboxymethoxy)-, sodium salt gum, Carbose gum, Methocel gum, Tylose gum, Tylose C gum, Akucell gum, Aquaplast gum, Clarcel gum, Cellogen gum, Nymcel gum, Cekol gum, Aqualon gum, Akucell AF 3265 gum, CLD CMC gum, Cellofas gum, Finnfix gum, Nymcel ZSB 10 gum, Cellulose, 2-(carboxymethoxy)-, sodium salt gum, Blanose gum, Proflo gum, Supercol gum, Terlite gum, Mellojel gum, Lamitex gum, Kolaton gum, Expandex gum, Agrimerica CMC gum, Ac-Di-Sol gum, Kolvisol gum



APPLICATIONS


Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is commonly used as a thickening agent in food products such as sauces, dressings, and soups.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum acts as a stabilizer in beverages, preventing separation of ingredients and improving mouthfeel.
In dairy products like yogurt and ice cream, carboxymethyl cellulose gum enhances texture and prevents ice crystal formation.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in bakery products to improve dough consistency and increase volume.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in gluten-free baking to improve the texture and structure of baked goods.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to confectionery products to prevent sugar crystallization and improve texture.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum acts as a suspending agent in suspensions and emulsions, preventing settling of particles.
The gum is used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder and disintegrant in tablets and capsules.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is found in toothpaste formulations as a thickening and stabilizing agent.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is utilized in personal care products such as lotions and creams for its thickening and emulsifying properties.
In cosmetics, the gum is used in makeup products like mascara and eyeliner for its viscosity-enhancing properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to household and industrial cleaners to improve viscosity and stability.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in textile printing pastes as a thickener and binder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in papermaking to improve paper strength and retention of fillers and dyes.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to adhesives and sealants for its binding and thickening properties.
In oil drilling fluids, the gum is used to control viscosity and fluid loss.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in mining applications as a binder and thickener in ore processing.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in ceramic glazes and slurries to improve viscosity and application properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to detergents and cleaning products to improve stability and viscosity.
In textile printing, carboxymethyl cellulose gum acts as a thickener and binder for pigment pastes.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in coatings and paints as a thickener and rheology modifier.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to pet foods to improve texture and moisture retention.
In agriculture, the gum is used as a binder in animal feed pellets.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in water-based drilling fluids in the oil and gas industry for its rheological properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is also used in the construction industry as a thickener and stabilizer in cementitious formulations.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to fruit preserves and jams to improve texture and prevent syneresis.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in fruit fillings and pie fillings to provide a smooth, uniform texture and enhance mouthfeel.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in canned fruits and vegetables to maintain texture and prevent mushiness during storage.
In instant noodles and pasta, carboxymethyl cellulose gum improves texture and prevents sticking during cooking.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to pet foods as a thickener and binder to improve palatability and texture.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in dietary supplements as a capsule coating and disintegrant to improve swallowability and dissolution.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in pharmaceutical suspensions and solutions as a stabilizer and viscosity enhancer.
In wound care products, the gum is used as a matrix for drug delivery and wound dressing applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to ophthalmic solutions and eye drops to increase viscosity and prolong contact time on the ocular surface.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in nasal sprays and inhalation formulations to improve mucosal hydration and drug delivery.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to gel-based formulations such as gels for ultrasound transmission in medical imaging.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as a scaffold material for cell culture and tissue repair.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in controlled-release drug delivery systems to modulate drug release kinetics.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to cosmetic creams and lotions as a thickener and stabilizer.
In hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners, the gum provides viscosity and improves conditioning properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in skincare products such as moisturizers and serums to enhance texture and skin feel.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in oral care products such as mouthwashes and dental gels for its thickening and lubricating properties.

In sunscreen formulations, the gum helps to stabilize UV filters and improve water resistance.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to wound dressings and topical gels to promote wound healing and prevent infection.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in contact lens solutions as a lubricating agent and to improve comfort during lens wear.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is employed in lubricating eye drops to relieve dry eye symptoms and improve ocular surface hydration.
In veterinary medicine, carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in oral suspensions and topical formulations for companion and livestock animals.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is added to paint and coating formulations to improve viscosity and flow properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is used in ceramic glazes and slurries to improve rheological properties and adhesion to substrates.
In the textile industry, the gum is used in textile sizing and finishing to provide stiffness and wrinkle resistance to fabrics.



DESCRIPTION


Carboxymethyl cellulose gum, often referred to simply as CMC gum, is a derivative of cellulose, a naturally occurring polymer found in the cell walls of plants.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is produced through the chemical modification of cellulose by introducing carboxymethyl groups onto the cellulose backbone.
This modification results in a water-soluble polymer with a range of useful properties, making it valuable in various industrial and commercial applications.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is commonly found in the form of a white to off-white powder.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum has a neutral odor and taste, making it suitable for various applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is highly soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opalescent solutions.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is often used as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier in food and pharmaceutical products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum has a high viscosity, allowing it to impart texture and consistency to formulations.
Due to its thickening properties, carboxymethyl cellulose gum is commonly used in sauces, dressings, and beverages.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum can also act as a suspending agent, preventing settling of solid particles in liquid formulations.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is pH-stable, maintaining its functionality over a wide range of pH levels.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is compatible with other food ingredients and additives, making it versatile in food formulations.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum forms films when dried, providing barrier properties in coatings and films.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum can be used in both hot and cold applications due to its heat stability.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is often employed in low-fat and reduced-calorie foods as a fat replacer.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum enhances the texture and mouthfeel of dairy products such as yogurt and ice cream.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum helps control crystal formation in frozen desserts, preventing ice crystal growth.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is biodegradable under aerobic conditions, aligning with sustainability goals.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder and disintegrant in tablets.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum provides viscosity control and moisture retention in cosmetic and personal care products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is often found in toothpaste formulations as a thickening agent.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum improves the stability and texture of industrial products such as detergents and adhesives.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum has excellent freeze-thaw stability, maintaining its properties after freezing and thawing.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum is non-toxic and safe for consumption when used within regulatory limits.

Carboxymethyl cellulose gum undergoes rigorous quality control measures to ensure purity and consistency.
Carboxymethyl cellulose gum's adhesive properties make it useful in paper and textile industries.
Overall, carboxymethyl cellulose gum is a versatile ingredient with a wide range of applications, contributing to the stability, texture, and performance of various products.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Typically a white to off-white powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opalescent solutions. Insoluble in organic solvents.
Density: Typically around 0.5-0.7 g/cm³ for the powder form.
Viscosity: Varies depending on the degree of substitution, molecular weight, and concentration; can range from low viscosity to high viscosity grades.
pH Stability: Generally stable over a wide pH range, typically between pH 6.5 and 8.5 for a 1% aqueous solution.
Particle Size: Typically fine powder with particle size ranging from 80 to 100 mesh.
Moisture Content: Generally less than 10% for most commercial grades.
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic, absorbs moisture from the air.
Ash Content: Typically less than 1%.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: Variable, depending on the degree of substitution and manufacturer.
Functional Groups: Contains carboxymethyl (-CH2COONa) groups attached to the cellulose backbone via ether linkages.
Degree of Substitution (DS): Indicates the average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit in the cellulose chain.
Thermal Stability: Decomposes upon heating above 200°C.
pKa: Around 4.3 for the carboxyl groups.
Reactivity: Reacts with acids to form free carboxymethyl cellulose; reacts with metal ions to form insoluble salts.
Ionic Nature: Anionic due to the presence of carboxylate groups.
Compatibility: Compatible with a wide range of other water-soluble polymers and surfactants.
Biodegradability: Biodegradable under aerobic conditions.



FIRST AID


1. Inhalation:

Immediate Actions:
If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air immediately.

Assessment:
Check the individual's breathing.
If breathing is difficult, ensure a clear airway and administer oxygen if available.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical assistance if respiratory symptoms persist or worsen.


2. Skin Contact:
Immediate Actions:
Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.

Washing:
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Medical Attention:
Seek medical advice if irritation persists or if skin damage is evident.


3. Eye Contact:

Immediate Actions:
Flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the eyelids occasionally to ensure thorough rinsing.

Contact Lenses:
Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing.

Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, pain, or visual disturbances occur.


4. Ingestion:

Immediate Actions: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Medical Attention: Seek medical advice immediately. Provide medical personnel with information about the ingested substance.


Additional First Aid Information

Personal Protection:
Ensure the safety of first responders by providing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

Documentation:
Record details of the exposure, including the route of exposure, symptoms observed, and actions taken.

Monitoring:
Monitor the affected individual for signs of respiratory distress, skin irritation, or other symptoms.

Transportation:
If medical attention is required, transport the individual to a medical facility as soon as possible.

Follow-Up:
Provide follow-up care as necessary and monitor for delayed or secondary effects of exposure.
Preventive Measures

Workplace Safety:
Implement measures to minimize the risk of exposure, such as proper ventilation and handling procedures.

Training:
Provide training to employees on the safe handling and use of carboxymethyl cellulose gum.

Storage:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose gum in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials and sources of ignition.

Emergency Response:
Have an emergency response plan in place, including procedures for spills and exposures.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Respiratory Protection:
Use appropriate respiratory protection (e.g., dust mask) if handling carboxymethyl cellulose gum in dusty environments or where airborne exposure is possible.

Skin Protection:
Wear protective gloves, clothing, and footwear to prevent skin contact.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or dust.


2. Handling Practices

Minimize Dust:
Avoid generating dust by handling carboxymethyl cellulose gum carefully and using dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or wet methods.

Avoid Direct Contact:
Minimize direct skin contact with carboxymethyl cellulose gum. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Do Not Eat, Drink, or Smoke:
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling carboxymethyl cellulose gum to prevent accidental ingestion.

Work Area Hygiene:
Maintain good housekeeping practices in work areas to prevent the accumulation of dust and spills.


3. Equipment and Tools

Use Suitable Equipment:
Use appropriate handling equipment (e.g., scoops, shovels) to transfer carboxymethyl cellulose gum to minimize dust generation.

Cleaning Equipment:
Clean handling equipment regularly to prevent cross-contamination.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of carboxymethyl cellulose gum with product information and handling precautions.


Storage

1. Storage Conditions

Temperature:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose gum in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and direct sunlight.

Humidity Control:
Maintain humidity levels to prevent moisture absorption, which can affect the quality and flow properties of carboxymethyl cellulose gum.

Avoid Contamination:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose gum away from incompatible materials, such as acids, oxidizing agents, and strong bases.

Segregation:
Separate carboxymethyl cellulose gum from food, feed, and other materials to prevent contamination.


2. Container Handling

Original Packaging:
Store carboxymethyl cellulose gum in its original packaging or in suitable containers that are tightly sealed to prevent moisture ingress.

Avoid Damage:
Handle containers carefully to prevent damage that could lead to spills or contamination.

Check Integrity:
Regularly inspect containers for signs of damage or leaks. Dispose of damaged containers appropriately.


3. Special Considerations

Bulk Storage:
If storing carboxymethyl cellulose gum in bulk quantities, use appropriate storage facilities equipped with dust control measures and fire protection systems.

Temperature Control:
Monitor storage temperatures to prevent exposure to extreme heat or cold, which could affect product stability.

Emergency Response:
Have spill response procedures and cleanup materials readily available in case of accidental spills or releases.

CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE SODIUM
Starch, carboxymethylether, sodium salt CAS NO: 9063-38-1
CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE SODIUM (CMC-NA)
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a white or slightly yellowish, almost odourless and tasteless hydroscopic powder, consisting of very fine particles, fine granules or fine fibres.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is biodegradable, but not readily biodegradable, and it is not expected to bioaccumulate.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
Molecular Formula: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
EINECS Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, 9004-32-4, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether, CMC powder,Celluvisc (TN), Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021 C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, E466,Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000), D01544.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a low concern for toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used for its thickening and swelling properties in a wide range of complex formulated products for pharmaceutical, food, home, and personal care applications, as well as in paper, water treatment, and mineral processing industries.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is tackifier, at room temperature, it is non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder, it is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, it is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is the substituted product of cellulosic carboxymethyl group.
According to their molecular weight or degree of substitution, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be completely dissolved or insoluble polymer, the latter can be used as the weak acid cation of exchanger to separate neutral or basic proteins.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is thixotropic, becoming less viscous when agitated.
In most cases, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) functions as a polyelectrolyte.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used commercially in detergents, food product and as size for textiles and paper.

In conservation, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has been used as an adhesive for textiles and paper.
Aging studies indicate that most Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) polymers have very good stability with negligible discoloration or weight loss.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic derivative.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, primarily for its viscosity-increasing properties.
Viscous aqueous solutions are used to suspend powders intended for either topical application or oral and parenteral administration.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) may also be used as a tablet binder and disintegrant, and to stabilize emulsions.

Higher concentrations, usually 3–6%, of the medium-viscosity grade are used to produce gels that can be used as the base for applications and pastes; glycols are often included in such gels to prevent them drying out.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also used in self-adhesive ostomy, wound care, and dermatological patches as a muco-adhesive and to absorb wound exudate or transepidermal water and sweat.
This muco-adhesive property is used in products designed to prevent post-surgical tissue adhesions; and to localize and modify the release kinetics of active ingredients applied to mucous membranes; and for bone repair.

Encapsulation with carboxymethylcellulose sodium can affect drug protection and delivery.
There have also been reports of its use as a cyto-protective agent.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also used in cosmetics, toiletries, surgical prosthetics, and incontinence, personal hygiene, and food products.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is one of the most significant byproducts of cellulose ethers which are created by natural cellulose modification as a type of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Termed Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), this polymer has a poor water solubility of the acid form of CMC and is typically preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is utilized in numerous industries and is referred to as monosodium glutamate in the workplace.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is an offshoot of CMC.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a crucial by-product of cellulose ethers and is typically created by altering natural cellulose.
Since the Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) compound is typically poorly soluble in water, sodium CMC can be used to preserve it.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has dispersibility and is soluble in cold water.
Emulsifying dispersion and solid dispersion are two of sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na)'s peculiar chemical properties.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be categorized as a derivative of a natural polymer.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), one of major cellulosic ethers, is widely used as a binding, thickening and stabilising agent (Lee et al. 2018).
Pharmaceutical grades of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) are available commercially at degree of substitution (DS) values of 0.7, 0.9, and 1.2, with a corresponding sodium content of 6.5%–12% wt.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also available in several different viscosity grades.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is highly soluble in water at all temperatures, forming clear solutions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na)s solubility depends on its degree of substitution.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is an anionic water-soluble polymer based on renewable cellulosic raw material.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) functions as a rheology modifier, binder, dispersant, and an excellent film former.
These attributes make Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) a preferred choice as a bio-based hydrocolloid in multiple applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) acts as a thickener, binder, stabilizer, suspending agent and flow controlling agent.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) forms fine films that are resistant to oils, greases, and organic solvents.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) dissolves rapidly in cold water. 4) Acts as a protective colloid reducing water losses.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is suitable for use in food systems.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is physiologically inert.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is an anionic polyelectrolyte.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a family of chemically modified cellulose derivatives containing the carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.

When Carboxymethylcellulose is recovered and presented as the Sodium salt, the resulting polymer is what is known as Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), and has the general chemical formula, [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]n.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) was discovered shortly after Word War 1 and has been produced commercially since the early 1930s.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is produced by treating cellulose with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution followed by monochloroacetic acid or its sodium salt.

In a parallel reaction two by-products, sodium chloride and sodium glycolate, are produced.
Once these by-products are removed, high purity Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is obtained.
As a general rule, the obtained material has a slight excess of sodium hydroxide and has to be neutralised.

The neutralisation endpoint can affect the properties of the material.
In the final step, the material is dried, milled to the desired particle size, and packaged.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), often abbreviated as Na-CMC or simply CMC, is a versatile and widely used chemical compound.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is derived from cellulose, a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a water-soluble polymer and is used for a variety of purposes in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and more.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can form highly viscous colloidal solution with adhesive, thickening, flowing, emulsifying, shaping, water, protective colloid, film forming, acid, salt, suspensions and other characteristics, and it is physiologically harmless, so it is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, paper, textiles, construction and other areas of production.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a white or slightly yellowish powder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.
A semisynthetic, water-soluble polymer in which CH 2 COOH groups are substituted on the glucose units of the cellulose chain through an ether link- age.
Since the reaction occurs in an alkaline medium, the prod- uct is the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid R-O- CH 2 COONa.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) for oenological use is prepared exclusively from wood by treatment with alkali and monochloroacetic acid or its sodium salt.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) inhibits tartaric precipitation through a "protective colloid" effect.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) a colorless, odorless, water-soluble polymer.

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, NaCMC or CMC, was first developed in 1947.
Commonly known as carboxymethyl cellulose, it is composed of the sodium salt of an alkaline modified cellulose.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is water-soluble but will react with heavy metal salts to form films that are clear, tough and insoluble in water.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a water-soluble polymer.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.
As a solution in water, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has thixotropic properties.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).
However, its sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.

Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
form: low viscosity
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Viscosity: 900 to 1400 mPa-s(1 %, H2O, 25 ℃)
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also incompatible with xanthan gum.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) also forms a complex with collagen and is capable of precipitating certain positively charged proteins.
Food and pharmaceutical grade Carboxymethylcellulose is required by law to contain not less than 99.5% pure Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) and a maximum of 0.5% of residual salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).

The degree of substitution (DS) can vary between 0.2-1.5, although it is generally in the range of 0.6-0.95.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Due to the fact that the acid form of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has poor water solubility, it is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.

The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na).
Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate); this product is the so-called technical CMC, which is used in detergents.

An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), which is used for alimentary and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a kind of cellulose widely used and used in the world today.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), is a cellulose derivative with 100-2000 degree of polymerization of glucose, and its relative molecular weight is 242.16.
White fibrous or granular powder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is odourless, tasteless, tasteless, hygroscopic and insoluble in organic solvents.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as a thickener in the food industry, as a drug carrier in the pharmaceutical industry, as a binder and anti-retrogradation agent in the daily chemical industry.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose through a chemical modification process.
Carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) are introduced into the cellulose structure.

These carboxymethyl groups make the cellulose molecule more water-soluble and provide it with its unique properties.
The viscosity of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) solutions can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the polymer.
This property makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, from thin solutions in beverages to thick gels in some pharmaceutical formulations.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is stable over a wide pH range, making it suitable for use in both acidic and alkaline environments.
This is particularly important in the food industry where it can be used in a variety of products with different pH levels.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is generally considered safe for consumption and topical use.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is non-toxic and non-allergenic, which contributes to its widespread use in food and pharmaceutical products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is highly hydrophilic, meaning it has a strong affinity for water.
This property is useful in many applications where moisture retention or water binding is required.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) disperses easily in cold water, forming a smooth, uniform solution, which is advantageous in manufacturing processes.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used to form films or coatings.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used to create edible films for various purposes, such as encapsulating flavors or improving food packaging.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is cost-effective and environmentally friendly because it is derived from renewable resources, such as wood pulp or cotton cellulose.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as a highly effective additive to improve the product and processing properties in various fields of application - from foodstuffs, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to products for the paper and textile industries.
The DS determines the behaviour of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) in water: Grades with DS >0.6 form colloidal solutions in water that are transparent and clear, i.e the higher the content of carboxymethyl groups, the higher the solubility and smoother the solutions obtained.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) with a DS below 0.6 tends to be only partially soluble.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is available as a white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powder.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is an anionic polymer with a clarified solution dissolved in cold or hot water.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) functions as a thickening rheology modifier, moisture retention agent, texture/body building agent, suspension agent, and binding agent in personal products and toothpaste.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is desirable because the catalysis product (glucose) is easily measured using a reducing sugar assay, such as 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.
Using Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) in enzyme assays is especially important in screening for cellulase enzymes that are needed for more efficient cellulosic ethanol conversion.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) was misused in early work with cellulase enzymes, as many had associated whole cellulase activity with CMC hydrolysis.
Precipitation may occur at pH < 2, and also when it is mixed with ethanol (95%).
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) forms complex coacervates with gelatin and pectin.

Alkali cellulose is prepared by steeping cellulose obtained from wood pulp or cotton fibers in sodium hydroxide solution.
The alkaline cellulose is then reacted with sodium monochloroacetate to produce Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na).
Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate are obtained as by-products of this etherification.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used warm water or cold water when preparing the solution, and stir till it completely melts.
The amout of added water depends on variety and the use of multiple requirements.
High viscosity Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a white or slightly yellow fibrous powder, hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, easy to ferment, insoluble in acids, alcohols and organic solvents, easily dispersed to form colloidal solution in water.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is reacted by the acid and fibrous cotton, it is mainly used for water-based drilling fluids tackifier, it has certain role of fluid loss, it has strong salt and temperature resistance especially.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is incompatible with strongly acidic solutions and with the soluble salts of iron and some other metals, such as aluminum, mercury, and zinc.

History:
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) was first obtained in 1918 by the German and is granted a patent in 1921.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) to achieve commercial production since 1921 in Europe.
But Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) was only for the crude product which was used as colloid and binder.

From 1936 to 1941, the industrial applied research of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is very active, people invented several enlightening patents.
German use Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) for synthetic detergent during World War II.

In 1943, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) was first made by Hercules Company in the United States and produced the refined product’s sodium in 1946 which are recognized as safe food ingredients.
Now, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is the most widely used and the largest amount of fiber in the worlds.

Synthesis:
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by Sodium carboxymethyl groups in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), alkalinization and etherification.

Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O

Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.
ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O

Cell·O-Na+ +ClCH2COO- →Cell-OCH2COO-Na
The DS of the sodium CMC can be controlled by the reaction conditions and use of organic solvents (such as isopropanol).

Uses:
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can also be used as a viscosity enhancer in the development of tyrosinase based inks for the formation of electrodes for biosensor applications.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) salt is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) acts as a stabilizer in foods.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in a variety of applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.

Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed), as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used to achieve tartrate or cold stability in wine, an innovation that may save megawatts of electricity used to chill wine in warm climates.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is more stable than metatartaric acid and is very effective in inhibiting tartrate precipitation.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is reported that KHT crystals, in presence of CMC, grow slower and change their morphology.
Their shape becomes flatter because they lose 2 of the 7 faces, changing their dimensions.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) molecules, negatively charged at wine pH, interact with the electropositive surface of the crystals, where potassium ions are accumulated.

The slower growth of the crystals and the modification of their shape are caused by the competition between Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) molecules and bitartrate ions for binding to the KHT crystals.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) powder is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in baking breads and cakes.

The use of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.
By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, it improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.
Use of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex); it is a highly specific substrate for endo-acting cellulases, as its structure has been engineered to decrystallize cellulose and create amorphous sites that are ideal for endoglucanase action.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where it acts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na)'s water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with silicon-containing anodes.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also used in ice packs to form a eutectic mixture resulting in a lower freezing point, and therefore more cooling capacity than ice.
Aqueous solutions of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) have also been used to disperse carbon nanotubes, where the long Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) molecules are thought to wrap around the nanotubes, allowing them to be dispersed in water.
In conservation-restoration, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as an adhesive or fixative (commercial name Walocel, Klucel).

Apart from the question of what is Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na), their uses are also very important to know.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used as a flocculant, chelator, emulsifier, thickener, water-retentive, sizing, and film-forming substance, among other things.
Electronics, pesticides, leather, plastics, printing, ceramics, and the daily-use chemical industry are just a few of the industries that heavily utilize Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na).

Additionally, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has a wide range of applications due to its excellent properties, widespread use, and emerging potential fields.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a widely used ionic cellulose ether, widely used in petroleum, food, medicine, construction and ceramics industries, so it is also known as "industrial monosodium glutamate".
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is frequently used as a thickening agent in a wide range of food products, such as salad dressings, sauces, and ice cream.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) imparts viscosity and helps to stabilize these products.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) acts as a stabilizer and prevents ingredients from separating in products like beverages, including soft drinks and fruit juices.
In salad dressings, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) helps create stable emulsions of oil and water, preventing them from separating.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used as a binder in tablet formulations to hold the ingredients together.
In oral suspensions and liquid medications, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) helps to suspend solid particles uniformly in the liquid, ensuring consistent dosing.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used to improve the moisture retention properties of creams and lotions.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in paper manufacturing to coat the surface of paper, improving its printability and smoothness.
In the oil and gas industry, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used in drilling fluids to control viscosity and fluid loss.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is sometimes used in the textile industry as a sizing agent to improve the weaving process.

For its thickening and swelling properties, Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in a variety of intricately formulated products for the pharmaceutical, food, home, and personal care industries as well as the paper, water treatment, and mineral processing industries.
Thorough knowledge of the concentration-dependent rheology and relaxation response is required to design Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) solutions for applications.
Alkali cellulose and sodium chloroacetate react to form a gummy substance that is either soluble in water or swells in water.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is primarily used as a thickening, emulsifying, and stabilizing agent (as in sizes for textiles and paper and pharmaceutical ointments) as well as a bulk laxative and antacid in medicine.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) used as sizing agent and printing paste in printing and dyeing industry.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used as a component of oil recovery fracturing fluid in the petrochemical industry.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used as a support material for a variety of cathodes and anodes for microbial fuel cells.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.
Quality product can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is resistant to bacterial decomposition and provides a product with uniform viscosity.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can prevent skin moisture loss by forming a film on the skin’s surface, and also help mask odor in a cosmetic product.
Constituents are any of several fibrous substances consisting of the chief part of a plant’s cell walls (often extracted from wood pulp or cotton).
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.

Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can be used as a binder in the preparation of graphene nano-platelet based inks for the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

Storage:
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is a stable, though hygroscopic material. Under high-humidity conditions, carboxymethylcellulose sodium can absorb a large quantity (>50%) of water.
In tablets, this has been associated with a decrease in tablet hardness and an increase in disintegration time.
Aqueous solutions are stable at pH 2–10; precipitation can occur below pH 2, and solution viscosity decreases rapidly above pH 10.

Generally, solutions exhibit maximum viscosity and stability at pH 7–9.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) may be sterilized in the dry state by maintaining it at a temperature of 1608℃ for 1 hour.
However, this process results in a significant decrease in viscosity and some deterioration in the properties of solutions prepared from the sterilized material.

Safety Profile:
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is also widely used in cosmetics, toiletries, and food products, and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material.
However, oral consumption of large amounts of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) can have a laxative effect; therapeutically, 4–10 g in daily divided doses of the medium- and high-viscosity grades of carboxymethylcellulose sodium have been used as bulk laxatives.

The WHO has not specified an acceptable daily intake for Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) as a food additive since the levels necessary to achieve a desired effect were not considered to be a hazard to health.
However, in animal studies, subcutaneous administration of Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) has been found to cause inflammation, and in some cases of repeated injection fibrosarcomas have been found at the site of injection.

Hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions have occurred in cattle and horses, which have been attributed to Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na)m in parenteral formulations such as vaccines and penicillins.
Carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is used in oral, topical, and some parenteral formulations.

Carboxymethylcellulose
CM-Cellulose sodium salt; Cellulose glycolic acid, sodium salt; Cellulose sodium glycolate; Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt; Sodium carboxmethylcellulose CAS NO:9004-32-4
CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE (CMC, E466)
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a water-soluble polymer.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466), also known as Carboxymethyl cellulose (E466), is a cellulose derivative commonly used as a food additive.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
Molecular Formula: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
EINECS Number: 618-378-6

9004-32-4, CMC powder, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Cellulose Gum, E466, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose.

However, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is tackifier, at room temperature, it is non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder, it is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, it is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is the substituted product of cellulosic carboxymethyl group.
According to their molecular weight or degree of substitution, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can be completely dissolved or insoluble polymer, the latter can be used as the weak acid cation of exchanger to separate neutral or basic proteins.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can form highly viscous colloidal solution with adhesive, thickening, flowing, emulsifying, shaping, water, protective colloid, film forming, acid, salt, suspensions and other characteristics, and it is physiologically harmless, so it is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, paper, textiles, construction and other areas of production.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) appears as a non-toxic and odorless white or slightly yellow flocculent fiber powder.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a white, odorless, tasteless, and water-soluble powder that is derived from cellulose, which is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is obtained by chemically modifying cellulose through the introduction of carboxymethyl groups.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is easily soluble in water.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is aqueous solution is neutral or slightly alkaline and has the functions of thickening, emulsification, film formation, moisture retention, etc. effect.

Widely used in textile, petroleum, food, papermaking, printing and dyeing, construction.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is an anionic, linear, water-soluble cellulose ether. Its aqueous solution has the functions of thickening, film-forming, adhesion, moisture retention, colloid protection, emulsification and suspension.
As flocculants, emulsifiers, thickeners, water retaining agents, sizing agents, film-forming materials, etc., it is widely used in food, electronics, pesticides, leather, plastics, printing, ceramics, daily chemicals and other fields.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has a variety of functions in foods such as thickening, suspension, emulsification, stabilization, shape retention, film formation, expansion, preservation, acid resistance and health care.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can replace guar gum, gelatin, The role of agar, sodium alginate and pectin in food production is widely used in modern food industry, such as lactobacillus drinks, fruit milk, ice cream, sherbet, gelatin, soft candy, jelly, bread, fillings, pancakes , Cold products, solid beverages, condiments, biscuits, instant noodles, meat products, paste, biscuits, gluten-free bread, gluten-free pasta, etc.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in food, it can improve the taste, improve the grade and quality of the product, and extend the shelf life.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) stands for Carboxymethylcellulose and is added to fondant icing in order to make it easier to work and model with and makes it dry quicker.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is the partial sodium salt of a carboxymethylether of cellulose, the cellulose being obtained directly from natural strains of fibrous plant material.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466), also known as carboxymethylcellulose, is essentially a thickening agent used in all kinds of food products.

Many low fat products and those marketed as diet products contain food additives like cellulose gum to give the food a thicker and creamier consistency, making it more appealing to buyers.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) may also help extend the shelf-life of certain foods and fruits.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for the conventional churners or salt ice mixes.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in baking breads and cakes.
As a solution in water, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has thixotropic properties.
The use of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used as an emulsifier in high quality biscuits.
By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.

Use of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavour oils, and improves texture and quality.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifie
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.

The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466).
Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).

This product, called technical Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466), is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466), which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is an odourless, tasteless white or milk-white fibrous powder that is sometimes referred to as Cellulose Gum.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a thickener, coating agent and natural food adhesive.
When fully dissolved in water, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) forms a viscous consistency depending on the amount of water added.

Example applications include beverages, cheese, ice cream, sauces, baked goods and frozen desserts.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can also be used to improve mouthfeel in powdered beverages.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) also finds use in applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industries, for example, CMC is used as a tablet binder and can be found in toothpaste and drilling muds.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is white or yellowish powder that is odorless ,tasteless and non-toxic.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has high hygroscopicity and is soluble in water to form a thick liquid.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a polyanionic electrolyte and not fermented.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has good heat-stability.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a strong emulsifier for fat and oil.

In the food industry, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is utilized for its ability to function as a thickener, stabilizer, and texturizer.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often added to a variety of food products, including baked goods, dairy products, dressings, sauces, and beverages, to improve their texture, viscosity, and overall stability.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used in other industries, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and the production of paper and textiles, due to its versatile properties.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) helps enhance the viscosity and binding characteristics of various formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a cellulose derivative that consists of the cellulose backbone made up of glucopyranose monomers and their hydroxyl groups bound to carboxymethyl groups.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is the most commonly used salt.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed) as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products including ice cream.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also a constituent of many non-food products, such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, and also in leather crafting to help burnish the edges.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used extensively in gluten free and reduced fat food products.
In laundry detergents, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.
In ophthalmology, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a lubricant in artificial tears to treat dry eyes.

Extensive treatment may be required to treat severe dry eye syndrome or Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where it acts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) for example, is used as a negative control agent for alopecia in rabbits.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a kind of cellulose ether, that can easily be soluble in cold and hot water, with maximum yield, most widely and conveniently used among all cellulose products.
The main raw material of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is refined cotton and wood pulp.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is mostly used in the food industry with a common dosage of 0.2%-0.5%.

Compared with other similar hydrocolloids, food-grade Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is featured strong acid resistance, high salt resistance and good transparency, with very few free fibers, fast dissolving and good fluidity after dissolving.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a white to light yellow powder, granular or fibrous substance.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is highly hygroscopic and easily soluble in water.
When it is neutral or alkaline, the solution is a high viscosity liquid.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is insoluble in acid and alcohol, and does not precipitate when exposed to salt.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is not easy to ferment, has great emulsifying power to oil and wax, and can be stored for a long time.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is added in food products as a viscosity modifier or thickener and emulsifier.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also one of the most common viscous polymers used in artificial tears, and has shown to be effective in the treatment of aqueous tear-deficient dry eye symptoms and ocular surface staining.
The resulting gel is completely stable to heat, weak alkalis or acids and microorganisms.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is favoured because it has a high viscosity, is non-toxic and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) also has good compatibility with other kinds of water-soluble glues, softeners and resin.
For example, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is compatible with animal glues, dimethoxy dimethylurea gel, Arabic gum, pectin, tragacanth gum, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, glycerol, invert sugar, soluble starch and sodium alginate.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466)is obtained by chemical modification of natural fiber.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a water-soluble cellulose ether, odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic with white/off-white powder or granular.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can dissolve in water easily and transfer into colloidal solution but cannot dissolve in ethanol, ether, acetone and other organic solvents.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has some excellent properties in terms of thickening, water retention, dispersing stability and so on.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can be widely used as thickener, water-holding agent, adhesive, emulsifier, disintegrate and biological carrier etc..
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is one kind of health and environmental additive.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is water-soluble and used in the food industry, either alone, or in combination with other hydrocolloids as a thickening and stabilising agent and to bind free water.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).

Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA. 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
form: low viscosity
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is incompatible with strongly acidic solutions and with the soluble salts of iron and some other metals, such as aluminum, mercury, and zinc.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as an anticaking agent, drying agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, stabilizer or thickener, and texturizer in foods.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is white powder or granular with no odor.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is water solution ablity depends on degree of substitution.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) thickener is tasteless and can be soluble in hot or cold water forming highly-pseudoplastic solutions.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is anionic and insoluble in most organic solvents.
Sinofi Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is inspected by SGS prior to shipment. Combined with the advanced production process this gives you the assurance you need when purchasing Carboxymethyl Cellulose Gum at a low CMC powder price.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is an essential component in the textile industry, widely used for its diverse applications.

Primarily, it’s employed as a thickening agent in textile printing, constituting about 2-3% of printing pastes, to achieve sharp, clear designs.
In dyeing processes, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466), at a concentration of 1-2%, aids in uniform dye dispersion and fixation, ensuring vibrant and consistent colors.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466)’s also used in fabric finishing, at about 0.5-1%, to enhance fabric hand feel and texture.

Additionally, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) serves as a binding agent in non-woven fabrics, contributing to the strength and stability of the material.
In sizing applications, about 1-3% of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used to protect yarns during weaving, reducing breakages.
The product’s role in fabric softening and conditioning is pivotal, improving the overall quality and wearability of textiles.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) or cellulose gum or tylose powder is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups --CH2-COOH- bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) are the formation of high-viscosity colloids, solutions, adhesion, thickening, flow, emulsification and dispersion, shaping, water retention, protective colloids, film forming, acid resistance, salt resistance, suspension and
other characteristics, and are physiologically harmless.

Therefore, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is widely used in the production of food, medicine, daily chemical, petroleum, paper, textile, construction and other fields.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also incompatible with xanthan gum. Precipitation may occur at pH < 2, and also when it is mixed with ethanol (95%).
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) forms complex coacervates with gelatin and pectin.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) also forms a complex with collagen and is capable of precipitating certain positively charged proteins.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is available in a number of different grades.
They are all soluble in water at any temperature although, as with other hydrocolloids, the powder has a tendency to form lumps or fish-eyes when in contact with water.

There are a number of precautions that can be taken to prevent this; many manufacturers will offer different powder granule sizes, citing the ease of dispersing larger granules.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium E466 (Carboxymethylcellulose).

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% CMC and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is the so-called technical CMC, which is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove these salts to produce the pure CMC used for alimentary and pharmaceutical applications.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used to increase the viscosity of liquid food products, giving them a smoother and more stable texture.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) helps prevent ingredients from separating or settling out in certain food and beverage products.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is effective in suspending solid particles in liquids, preventing them from settling to the bottom.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in baking to improve the texture of dough, enhance moisture retention, and increase the volume of baked goods.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in ice creams, yogurt, and other dairy products to improve creaminess and prevent ice crystal formation.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) helps maintain the stability and texture of sauces, dressings, and gravies.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is employed in some beverages to provide thickness and prevent sedimentation.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is water-soluble and hydrates quickly, forming a gel-like substance in water.
This property contributes to its effectiveness as a thickening agent.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is generally considered safe when used in accordance with regulatory guidelines.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has been extensively studied, and its safety has been assessed by various food safety authorities.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder, disintegrant, and thickening agent in tablet and liquid formulations.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in cosmetic products such as creams and lotions to provide viscosity and stability.
The use of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) as a food additive is regulated by food safety authorities, and it is assigned an E number (E466) in the European Union, indicating its approval for use as a food additive.
An intermediate "semipurified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as restoration of archival documents.

The functional properties of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) depend on the degree of substitution of the cellulose structure (i.e., how many of the hydroxyl groups have taken part in the substitution reaction), as well as the chain length of the cellulose backbone structure and the degree of clustering of the carboxymethyl substituents.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is low viscosity cellulose gum.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is superior water retention properties for baking applications.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) controls texture and ice crystal growth in frozen dairy products.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) improves moisture retention in low calorie foods.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is cold/hot soluble, non-gelling.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466)'s water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with siliconcontaining anodes.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in drilling muds, detergents, resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, and textile sizes.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used as a protective colloid, a stabilizer for foods, and a pharmaceutical additive.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a bulk laxative, emulsifier and thickener in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and stabilizer for reagents.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) formerly registered in the US for use as an insecticide for ornamentals and flowering plants.

Synthesis:
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by Sodium carboxymethyl groups in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466), alkalinization and etherification.

Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O

Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.

Uses:
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used in self-adhesive ostomy, wound care, and dermatological patches as a muco-adhesive and to absorb wound exudate or transepidermal water and sweat.
This muco-adhesive property is used in products designed to prevent post-surgical tissue adhesions; and to localize and modify the release kinetics of active ingredients applied to mucous membranes; and for bone repair.

Encapsulation with carboxymethylcellulose sodium can affect drug protection and delivery.
There have also been reports of its use as a cyto-protective agent.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used in cosmetics, toiletries, surgical prosthetics, and incontinence, personal hygiene, and food products.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in a variety of applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed), as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) not only prevents dehydration and shrinkage of the product but also contributes to a more airy structure.
When combined with gelatin, it can significantly increase the viscosity of the gelatin. A high molecular weight CMC (DS around 1.0) should be selected.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) acts as a stabilizer in foods.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic derivative.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, primarily for its viscosity-increasing properties.

Viscous aqueous solutions are used to suspend powders intended for either topical application or oral and parenteral administration.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has a lower viscosity at higher temperatures, and the viscosity increases upon cooling, which is conducive to the improvement of the expansion rate of the product and facilitates operation.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is advisable to use CMC with a viscosity of 250~260 mPa·s (DS around 0.6), and the reference dosage should be less than 0.4%.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a versatile ingredient used in over 50% of cosmetic products for its exceptional properties.
As a thickening agent, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466)’s crucial in formulations where viscosity needs to be precisely controlled, commonly found in 30-40% of skincare products.
In hair care, about 25% of shampoos and conditioners utilize CMC for its conditioning and detangling effects.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466)’s also a staple in makeup, contributing to the texture and stability of around 20% of foundations and mascaras.
In toothpaste, making up approximately 15% of the market, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) enhances texture and consistency.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is moisture retention properties are vital in 35% of moisturizers and lotions, ensuring skin hydration.

Moreover, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) serves as a film-forming agent in approximately 10% of sunscreens, improving application and wear.
These diverse applications underscore CMC’s critical role in enhancing the quality and performance of cosmetic products.
This emulsion serves as an excellent and stable cosmetic product.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in baking breads and cakes. The use of CMC gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.

By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, it improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.
Use of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.
Insoluble Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can be used in the purification of proteins, particularly in the form of charged filtration membranes or as granules in cation-exchange resins for ion-exchange chromatography.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is low solubility is a result of a lower DS value (the number of carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit in the cellulose chain) compared to soluble CMC.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) offers physical properties similar to insoluble cellulose, while the negatively charged carboxylate groups allow it to bind to positively charged proteins.
Insoluble Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can also be chemically cross-linked to enhance the mechanical strength of the material.
Moreover, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex); it is a highly specific substrate for endo-acting cellulases, as its structure has been engineered to decrystallize cellulose and create amorphous sites that are ideal for endoglucanase action.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) helps stabilize emulsions and prevents ingredients from separating in products like sauces, dressings, and gravies.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) prevents solid particles from settling in beverages, enhancing their shelf stability.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) improves the texture of dough, increases water retention in baked goods, and enhances the volume of bread and cakes.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in tablet formulations as a binder, helping to hold the ingredients together.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) facilitates the breakup of tablets or capsules into smaller particles when they come into contact with water.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is added to cosmetic products like creams and lotions to provide viscosity and improve stability.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in textile processing as a sizing agent to improve the strength and durability of yarns and fabrics.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is employed as a coating agent in the paper industry to enhance the paper's strength, smoothness, and printability.
In oil drilling operations, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a component of drilling fluids to control the viscosity and improve the fluid's rheological properties.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is added to personal care products like shampoos and toothpaste as a thickening agent.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in water-based paints to control viscosity and prevent settling of pigments.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) may be included in some detergent formulations to control the viscosity and improve product performance.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used as a binder in the formulation of adhesives, contributing to their adhesive properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is desirable because the catalysis product (glucose) is easily measured using a reducing sugar assay, such as 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.
Using Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) in enzyme assays is especially important in screening for cellulase enzymes that are needed for more efficient cellulosic ethanol conversion.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) was misused in early work with cellulase enzymes, as many had associated whole cellulase activity with CMC hydrolysis.
As the mechanism of cellulose depolymerization became better understood, it became clear that exo-cellulases are dominant in the degradation of crystalline (e.g. Avicel) and not soluble (e.g. CMC) cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in the mining industry as a thickener in mineral processing to improve the separation of valuable minerals from ore.

In the ceramics industry, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is utilized as a binder and rheology modifier in the preparation of ceramic pastes and glazes.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can be found in construction materials, such as cement-based mortars, as a thickening agent and water retention aid.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) may also be used as a tablet binder and disintegrant, and to stabilize emulsions.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.

Due to the fact that the acid form of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has poor water solubility, it is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.
Use warm water or cold water when preparing the solution, and stir till it completely melts.
The amout of added water depends on variety and the use of multiple requirements.

High viscosity Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a white or slightly yellow fibrous powder, hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, easy to ferment, insoluble in acids, alcohols and organic solvents, easily dispersed to form colloidal solution in water.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is reacted by the acid and fibrous cotton, it is mainly used for water-based drilling fluids tackifier, it has certain role of fluid loss, it has strong salt and temperature resistance especially.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a thickener, binder, and emulsifier equivalent to cellulose fiber.

Storage:
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is a stable, though hygroscopic material. Under high-humidity conditions, carboxymethylcellulose sodium can absorb a large quantity (>50%) of water.
After autoclaving, viscosity is reduced by about 25%, but this reduction is less marked than for solutions prepared from material sterilized in the dry state.
The extent of the reduction is dependent on the molecular weight and degree of substitution; higher molecular weight grades generally undergo a greater percentage reduction in viscosity.

Sterilization of solutions by gamma irradiation also results in a reduction in viscosity.
In tablets, this has been associated with a decrease in tablet hardness and an increase in disintegration time.
Aqueous solutions are stable at pH 2–10; precipitation can occur below pH 2, and solution viscosity decreases rapidly above pH 10.

Generally, solutions exhibit maximum viscosity and stability at pH 7–9.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) may be sterilized in the dry state by maintaining it at a temperature of 1608℃ for 1 hour.

However, this process results in a significant decrease in viscosity and some deterioration in the properties of solutions prepared from the sterilized material.
Aqueous solutions may similarly be sterilized by heating, although this also results in some reduction in viscosity.

Safety Profile:
The WHO has not specified an acceptable daily intake for Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) as a food additive since the levels necessary to achieve a desired effect were not considered to be a hazard to health.
Mildly toxic by ingestion.

Experimental reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) migrates to food from packagmg materials.

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NazO.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is used in oral, topical, and some parenteral formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) is also widely used in cosmetics, toiletries, and food products, and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material.

However, oral consumption of large amounts of carboxymethylcellulose sodium can have a laxative effect; therapeutically, 4–10 g in daily divided doses of the medium- and high-viscosity grades of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) have been used as bulk laxatives.
However, in animal studies, subcutaneous administration of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) has been found to cause inflammation, and in some cases of repeated injection fibrosarcomas have been found at the site of injection.
Hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions have occurred in cattle and horses, which have been attributed to Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, E466) in parenteral formulations such as vaccines and penicillins.

CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a water-soluble polymer.
As a solution in water, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has thixotropic properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).

CAS: 9004-32-4
MF: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
EINECS: 618-378-6

Synonyms
Aquacide I, Calbiochem;Aquacide II, Calbiochem;Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose sodium;Cellex;Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, sodium;cellulose gum;SODIUM CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE (CMC);SCMC(SODIUM;CARBOXY METHYL CELULLOSE;SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE;9004-32-4;sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate;Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP);Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether;Celluvisc (TN);Carmellose sodium (JP17);CHEMBL242021;SCHEMBL25311455;C.M.C. (TN);CHEBI:31357;Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000);D01544;M.W. 700000(DS=0.9) ,2500 - 4500mPa.s

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).
However, its sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.
A semisynthetic, water-soluble polymer in which CH 2 COOH groups are substituted on the glucose units of the cellulose chain through an ether link- age.
Mw ranges from 21,000 to 500,000. Since the reaction occurs in an alkaline medium, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid R-O- CH 2 COONa.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium's components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in food as a viscosity modifier, thickener, to stabilise emulsions and are found in gluten-free and reduced-fat products.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also a constituent of toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, and various paper products.
In laundry detergents, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as a soil suspension polymer.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also used in pharmaceuticals as a thickening agent and in the oil-drilling industry as a viscosity modifier and water-retaining agent.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Chemical Properties
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
Form: low viscosity
Pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium (9004-32-4)

Product Features
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is tackifier, at room temperature, it is non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder, it is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, it is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is the substituted product of cellulosic carboxymethyl group.
According to their molecular weight or degree of substitution, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be completely dissolved or insoluble polymer, the latter can be used as the weak acid cation of exchanger to separate neutral or basic proteins.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can form highly viscous colloidal solution with adhesive, thickening, flowing, emulsifying, shaping, water, protective colloid, film forming, acid, salt, suspensions and other characteristics, and it is physiologically harmless, so it is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, paper, textiles, construction and other areas of production.

Uses
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Due to the fact that the acid form of CMC has poor water solubility, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.
Quality product can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.

Use warm water or cold water when preparing the solution, and stir till it completely melts.
The amout of added water depends on variety and the use of multiple requirements.
High viscosity Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a white or slightly yellow fibrous powder, hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, easy to ferment, insoluble in acids, alcohols and organic solvents, easily dispersed to form colloidal solution in water.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is reacted by the acid and fibrous cotton, it is mainly used for water-based drilling fluids tackifier, it has certain role of fluid loss, it has strong salt and temperature resistance especially.
cellulose gum (Carboxymethyl cellulose) is a thickener, binder, and emulsifier equivalent to cellulose fiber.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is resistant to bacterial decomposition and provides a product with uniform viscosity.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can prevent skin moisture loss by forming a film on the skin’s surface, and also help mask odor in a cosmetic product.

Constituents are any of several fibrous substances consisting of the chief part of a plant’s cell walls (often extracted from wood pulp or cotton).
In drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.
As stabilizer in foods.
Pharmaceutic aid (suspending agent; tablet excipient; viscosity-increasing agent).
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium acts as a stabilizer in foods.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic derivative.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, primarily for its viscosity-increasing properties.
Viscous aqueous solutions are used to suspend powders intended for either topical application or oral and parenteral administration.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium may also be used as a tablet binder and disintegrant, and to stabilize emulsions.

Higher concentrations, usually 3–6%, of the medium-viscosity grade are used to produce gels that can be used as the base for applications and pastes; glycols are often included in such gels to prevent them drying out.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also used in self-adhesive ostomy, wound care, and dermatological patches as a muco-adhesive and to absorb wound exudate or transepidermal water and sweat.
This muco-adhesive property is used in products designed to prevent post-surgical tissue adhesions; and to localize and modify the release kinetics of active ingredients applied to mucous membranes; and for bone repair.
Encapsulation with Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can affect drug protection and delivery.
There have also been reports of its use as a cyto-protective agent.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also used in cosmetics, toiletries, surgical prosthetics, and incontinence, personal hygiene, and food products.

Cosmetics uses
Cosmetics Grade Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a versatile ingredient used in over 50% of cosmetic products for its exceptional properties.
As a thickening agent, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium’s crucial in formulations where viscosity needs to be precisely controlled, commonly found in 30-40% of skincare products.
In hair care, about 25% of shampoos and conditioners utilize Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium for its conditioning and detangling effects.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium’s also a staple in makeup, contributing to the texture and stability of around 20% of foundations and mascaras.
In toothpaste, making up approximately 15% of the market, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium enhances texture and consistency.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium's moisture retention properties are vital in 35% of moisturizers and lotions, ensuring skin hydration.
Moreover, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium serves as a film-forming agent in approximately 10% of sunscreens, improving application and wear.
These diverse applications underscore Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium’s critical role in enhancing the quality and performance of cosmetic products.
Cleansing Lotion: Formulate with 1.5% CMC (FH9), 5% Beta-Cyclodextrin Hydrate, 15% Liquid Paraffin, and 5% Glycerin.
Add suitable preservatives and fragrances.
Mix with distilled water to make up to 100%.
This emulsion serves as an excellent and stable cosmetic product.

Synthesis
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by Sodium carboxymethyl groups in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, alkalinization and etherification.

Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O

Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.
ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O
Cell·O-Na+ +ClCH2COO- →Cell-OCH2COO-Na
The DS of the sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be controlled by the reaction conditions and use of organic solvents (such as isopropanol).

Preparation
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
This product, called technical Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.

Production Methods
Alkali cellulose is prepared by steeping cellulose obtained from wood pulp or cotton fibers in sodium hydroxide solution.
The alkaline cellulose is then reacted with sodium monochloroacetate to produce carboxymethylcellulose sodium.
Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate are obtained as by-products of this etherification.
CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is added in food products as a viscosity modifier or thickener and emulsifier.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is soluble in water.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also called cellulose gum.


CAS Number: 9085-26-1
EC Number: 618-378-6
MDL Number: MFCD00081472
Linear Formula: [C6H7O2(OH)x(C2H2O3Na)y]n
Molecular Formula: C8H15NaO8



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D01544, Cellulose Glycolic Acid Sodium Salt (n=approx. 1,050), Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (n=approx. 1,050), Sodium Cellulose Glycolate (n=approx. 1,050), Sodium Tylose (n=approx. 1,050), Tylose Sodium (n=approx. 1,050), Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose, Base H, Carmellose Sodium, Cellulose, Carboxymethyl Ether Sodium Salt, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, Carmellose Sodium, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose, SCMC, CMC-Na, Aquasorb, Blanose, Carbose D, Cellulose Gum, CMC sodium, E466, Finnfix, SCMC, Tylose CB, Tylose MGA, Walocel C, CMC, Carboxymethyl ether cellulose sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Cellulose glycolic acid sodium salt Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, unspecified form, Carmellose sodium, Cellulose gum, CMC, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium CMC, Carmellose Sodium, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, Akucell, Aqualon CMC, Aquasorb, Blanose, Carbose D, Cel-O-Brandt, Cellulose gum, Cethylose, CMC sodium, E466, Finnfix, Glykocellan, Nymcel ZSB, SCMC, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium cellulose glycolate, Sunrose, Tylose CB, Tylose MGA, Walocel C, Xylo-Mucine,



Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is obtained by chemical modification of natural fiber.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a water-soluble cellulose ether, odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic with white/off-white powder or granular.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can dissolve in water easily and transfer into colloidal solution but cannot dissolve in ethanol, ether, acetone and other organic solvents.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is derived from natural cellulose, or plant fibre.
In its dry form, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium’s an odourless and flavourless white, grey or yellow powder that dissolves in water.
When used in cosmetics, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium stops lotions and creams from separating and controls the thickness and texture of liquids, creams and gels.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a thickening agent that is made by reacting CELLULOSE (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has some excellent properties in terms of thickening, water retention, dispersing stability and so on.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is one kind of health and environmental additive.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is soluble in water.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium improves the quality and texture of your cakes, cupcakes, and cookies.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium also improves the strength and reduces dry time when used in gum paste.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a white solid.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is hygroscopic.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a white or slightly yellowish hygroscopic solid; Nearly odorless.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is generally divided into 3 grades depending on the purity: the food high-purity grade (with a content more than 99.5%), the industrial grade (with a content more than 90%), and crude products (with a content more than 65%).


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a very useful ingredient in the personal care and cosmetic industry.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has a wide range of applications in different formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is produced through a chemical process involving the reaction of cellulose with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetic acid.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a beige hygroscopic powder.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also called cellulose gum.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium appears as a non-toxic and odorless white or slightly yellow flocculent fiber powder.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is easily soluble in water.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is an anionic cellulose ether with a white or slightly yellow flocculent fiber powder or white powder, odorless, tasteless and non-toxic; easily soluble in cold water or hot water, forming a certain viscosity.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium tends to give clear, slightly gummy, solutions.


The resulting product, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, is then purified and used in the cosmetic industry.
According to the different purity, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is in the appearance of white or yellowish powder and soluble in cold and hot water.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium's aqueous solution is neutral or slightly alkaline and has the functions of thickening, emulsification, film formation, moisture retention, etc. effect.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is an anionic, linear, water-soluble cellulose ether.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is divided into a variety of models depending on the degree of substitution, solution viscosity and the purity.
Heating Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium solution, the viscosity of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium decreases with increasing temperatures.


As long as the temperature does not exceed 50 ℃, this effect is reversible, because kept at higher temperatures for a long time, the alkaline substances in the solution can cause the degradation of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium's aqueous solution has the functions of thickening, film-forming, adhesion, moisture retention, colloid protection, emulsification and suspension.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a gummy substance that is obtained as a hygroscopic powder or a granular solid by reaction of alkali cellulose and sodium chloroacetate, that is either soluble in water or swells in water, and that is used chiefly as a thickening, emulsifying, and stabilizing agent (as in sizes for textiles and paper and in pharmaceutical ointments) and as a bulk laxative and antacid in medicine : a sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium acts as a stabilizer in foods.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can also bind with a hard carbon electrode for the fabrication of sodium ion-batteries.
They are generally soluble in cold water and insoluble in hot.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used to thicken dry mix beverage, syrups, ripples and ice cream, and also to stabilise ice cream, batters and sour milk.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can replace the role of guar gum, gelatin, agar, sodium alginate and pectin in food production, and is widely used in the modern food industry, such as cold products, solid beverages, juice, jam, yogurt drinks, condiments, instant noodles, baked products, and meat products.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as an additive in food, with thickening, suspending, emulsifying, stabilizing, film-forming, acid resistance and other functions.


Cosmetic Uses of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium: binding agents, emulsion stabilisers, film formers, fragrance, and viscosity controlling agents
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used mainly as thickener to prevent its solids from liquids,Keep toothpaste brightness and smoothness.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be widely used as thickener, water-holding agent, adhesive, emulsifier, disintegrate and biological carrier etc.


Used in ice cream, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can prevent the growth of ice crystals, improve the expansion rate, resistance to melting, shaping, and the taste.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium gives moisture retention to cake mixes and water binding and thickening to icings.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, mainly because of its viscosity-increasing properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can also be used as a tablet binder, disintegrant and stabilizing emulsion.


In instant noodles, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can increase the toughness of noodles and boiling resistance.
In biscuits and pancakes, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium enables to have good formability, smooth surface and not easily broken.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium provides viscosity to the solution and can be used in analytical methods for measuring particle diameter.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce the severity of autoimmune diseases.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium may also have a protective effect against cancer due to its ability to bind carcinogens or reduce the production of reactive oxygen species.


Adding Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium into toothpaste has obvious effects in binding and body structure.
Due to Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium's good uniform substitution ability, excellent salt tolerance and acid resistance, the toothpaste can be easily extruded and show better appearance, and impart a smooth and comfortable toothfeel.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is widely used in textile, petroleum, food, papermaking, printing and dyeing, construction.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as flocculants, emulsifiers, thickeners, water retaining agents, sizing agents, film-forming materials, etc.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is widely used in food, electronics, pesticides, leather, plastics, printing, ceramics, daily chemicals and other fields.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be used in the ceramic body, glaze slurry and fancy glaze.
In the ceramic body, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be used to improve the shaping of mud materials, facilitate the shaping of green body, increase the flexural strength of green body, and is a good enhancing agent.


In bread and cakes, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can control the viscosity of paste, improve the water retention and storability of bakery products.
Compared with other similar products, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has such advantages as fast dissolution speed, good fluidity of the dissolved solution, uniformly distributed molecules, relatively large bulk specific gravity, high acid resistance, high salt tolerance, high transparency, less free celluloses and less gels.


Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used to relieve dry, irritated eyes.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used architectural decoration applications: spraying lime slurry, mixing gypsum putty, mixing cement putty, paint spraying, roller coating, brushing, art decoration, plastering, pasting wallpaper, wall coverings, floor tiles, ceramic tiles, ceramic mosaic tiles wait.


-Application of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium in synthetic detergent and soap industry:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is the best active additive for synthetic detergents.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is mainly used in detergents to utilize its emulsifying and protective colloid properties, which can prevent dirt from being deposited on the washed items, keep white fabrics white, and make colored fabrics bright-colored.


-Application of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium in the papermaking industry:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has film-forming properties and can be used as a paper smoothing agent and sizing agent in the papermaking industry.
Adding 0.1-0.3% Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium to the pulp can increase the paper tension by 40-50% and increase the tension of the paper by 40-50%.
The kneadability is 4-5 times, and the paper quality is uniform, the ink easily penetrates during printing, and the edges of the printed matter are clear.


-Application of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium in ceramic industry:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has good adhesion and film formation properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can enhance the bonding force between glaze and ceramics to prevent the glaze from falling off, and promote the diffusion of glaze.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be used as a binder for sintering molding and as a fixing agent for ceramics.


-Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in the food industry:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, can be stored for a long time without spoilage, has high viscosity, strong shape retention, is easy to dissolve, and can be used in food processing.
Such as viscosity agent, thickener, stabilizer, solid agent, film forming agent, etc.


-Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in the coating industry:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can be used as water-soluble coatings, and can be used for gluing or adjusting viscosity.
In paint printing, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium acts as an emulsifier and stabilizer.



APPLICATION OF MUD IN OIL DRILLING AND OTHER ENGINEERING PROJECTS OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
In drilling and oil drilling engineering, good mud must be prepared to ensure the normal operation of the drilling.
Good mud must have appropriate specific gravity, viscosity, thixotropy, water loss and other values.
These values have their own requirements depending on the region, well depth, mud type and other conditions.

Using Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium in the mud can adjust these physical parameters, such as reducing loss.
Water volume, adjust viscosity, increase thixotropy, etc.
Mud containing Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can make the well wall thin and strong, with low permeability, thereby reducing the water loss rate and reducing shrinkage, collapse and other phenomena caused by the water loss of the mud penetrating into the formation.

Mud containing Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is rarely affected by mold, so there is no need to maintain a high pH or use preservatives, and accordingly reduce the amount of other chemicals.
When using, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium should be dissolved in water to form a solution and added to the mud.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can also be added to the mud together with other chemicals.



APPLICATION OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM IN TEXTILE PRINTING AND DYEING INDUSTRY:
In recent years, the textile industry has widely used Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium as a sizing agent instead of starch.
Practice has proved that Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium sizing not only saves a lot of food and oil, but is also much superior to using starch, animal glue, etc.

Using CMC as a binder on cotton, silk, wool, chemical fibers, synthetic fibers or blended fabrics and warp yarns has the following advantages: the Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium aqueous solution is clear, transparent, uniform, and has good stability.
There is no change when pumped or stirred.

Production requires ready access.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium aqueous solution is rich in viscosity and film-forming properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can form a smooth, wear-resistant and flexible film on the surface of the warp yarn, which can withstand the sheer force of the loom and provides favorable conditions for high-speed production.

The yarn treated with Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium aqueous solution is easy to dry, shiny and soft to the touch.
Printing paste Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as a thickener and emulsifier in printing paste.

Especially suitable for silk printing color paste.
Printing pastes for man-made fabrics such as acetate should contain high boiling point solvents, dyes, water and sufficient thickeners.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is both a thickener and an emulsifier.



OTHER ADVANTAGES OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM FOR SYNTHETIC DETERGENTS ARE:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has a washing aid effect, especially when washing cotton fabrics in hard water.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can stabilize foam, not only save washing time but also allow repeated use of washing liquid; the fabric will feel soft after washing; and reduce irritation to the skin.

After Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in slurry detergent, in addition to the above effects, it also has a stabilizing effect to prevent the detergent from settling.
Adding an appropriate amount of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium when making soap can improve the quality.

In addition to the same mechanism and advantages as the above-mentioned synthetic detergents, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can also make the soap material soft and easy to process and press, and the extruded soap bars are smooth and beautiful.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has a post-milk effect that can make spices and dyes evenly distributed in soap, so it is especially suitable for soap.



PHARMACEUTICAL GRADE OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Play the role as binder,film-forming agent,slow-release material in tablet、capsule and other solid preparation.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as suspending agent,thickening agent,emulgator in liquid pharmaceutical preparations.



PAPER MAKING GRADE OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as Wet-end additive,smoothing agent,Surface-sizing agent in defiberination optimization、wet end、surface-sizing、coated preparation process.



BATTERY GRADE OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is an important component of lithium battery.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is acted as thickener make the toner distributed evently on the copper foil together with the bond- SBR.



MINING FLOTATION GRADE OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used in mining industry as pellet binder and flotation inhibitor.
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is a component of the binder for mineral dust shaping and meanwhile the binder is an indispensable ingredient for pellet production.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium can improve the properties of wet pellet, dry pellet and calcinated pellet.
Due to its good binding property and pellet forming property, the green pellet with Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium has excellent antiknock performance, high compressive strength and dropping resistance.



TEXTILE GRADE OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Form a sheet which is sturdy and wearable with certain soft , increase the strength of the chain and reduce the dusting-off rate under warp sizing process; Provide excellent rheology, good hygroscopicity and durability in textile printing process, improve finish materials coloration, brightness and prolong term preservation.



WELDING GRADE OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is used as binder and excipient, improve appearance quality and degree of eccentricity, reduce the rate of breakage.



ADDING CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM TO PRINTING PASTE HAS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES:
*Significantly improve the vividness of printing:
Because the color matching of general slurries is based on water, CMC has strong hygroscopicity, so it can increase the color matching rate and improve the brightness.

*Good permeability:
The permeability of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium slurry is better than that of starch slurry.
Especially for fabrics that require deep and transparent fabrics such as georgette velvet, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium not only produces a deep and transparent color, but also reduces labor intensity.

*Easy to desizing and soft texture.

*Improve the stability of color paste: Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is not prone to mold and deterioration, so the color paste is more stable than starch.

*Strong adhesion:
In manual printing, most nylon fabrics are very thin, and Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium is difficult to make them stick to the flat plate with ordinary adhesives.

Therefore, they often dome and are difficult to print.
With Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, they can lie flat and stick to the flat plate, which is good.
Convenient for operation.



BENEFITS / CLAIMS OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
*DC Binder
*Enhances tablet robustness and assists with organoleptic properties



CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM IS SUITABLE FOR:
*Cream / Emulsion
*Lotion
*Chewable
*Oral Suspensions
*Oral Syrup
*Oral Solutions



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
Molecular Weight: 262.19 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 158Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 173
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: white to pale yellow powder (est)
Assay: 99.50 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 525.00 to 528.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 548.00 °F. TCC ( 286.67 °C. )
Soluble in: water
Insoluble in: alcohol
Molecular Weight: 263.2 g/mol
Melting Point: >228°C (dec.)
Flash Point: Not applicable
Purity: 98%

Density: 0.52 g/cm3
Solubility: Soluble in Aqueous Acid (Heated, Sonicated, Sparingly),
Water (Heated, Sonicated, Sparingly)
Appearance: Off-white to Pale Beige Solid
Storage: Store at RT
EINECS: 618-378-6
Log P: -4.62260
PSA: 158.35
Risk Statements: R40
Safety Statements: S24/25
Boiling Point: 525-528°C
Melting Point: 274°C
pH: 6.0-8.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: High



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SODIUM SALT

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, often abbreviated as CMC or NaCMC, is a chemically modified derivative of cellulose.
Cellulose is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants and is composed of repeating glucose units.
Carboxymethylcellulose is produced by chemically modifying cellulose through the introduction of carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) onto the hydroxyl groups of the glucose units.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

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APPLICATIONS


Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is extensively used in the food industry as a thickening agent, providing viscosity control in products like sauces and gravies.
In the production of ice cream, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt enhances texture and prevents ice crystal formation, improving overall quality.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt plays a crucial role in the formulation of bakery products, preventing staling and enhancing moisture retention in bread and cakes.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is a common ingredient in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products, providing stability and texture.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt finds application in fruit juice beverages, offering excellent suspension stability and enhancing overall product quality.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in tablet formulations for controlled drug release.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt serves as a binder and film-forming agent in the production of pharmaceutical tablets, ensuring uniform drug release.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in the production of instant noodles, controlling moisture content and improving noodle glossiness.
Dehydrated foods, such as vegetables and tofu, benefit from Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's ability to rehydrate easily, maintaining visual appeal.
In the production of vegetarian burgers, sodium CMC enhances texture, stability, and shelf life.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt contributes to the stability of emulsions in salad dressings, preventing oil and water separation.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in toothpaste formulations for its thickening properties and ability to create a stable gel.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in laxatives and diet pills, contributing to the controlled release of active ingredients.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is a key component in water-based paints, providing viscosity control and preventing pigment settling.

Textile sizing utilizes Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt to improve yarn strength and facilitate better weaving.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the production of synthetic membranes, contributing to separation processes in various industries.
In the detergent industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used for its thickening and stabilizing properties in liquid formulations.
Reusable heat packs utilize Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt for its ability to create a gel with desirable thermal properties.

Various paper products, including tissues and towels, benefit from Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's strength-enhancing and binding properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in filtration materials, aiding in the removal of impurities in industrial processes.
Wound healing applications utilize Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt for its bio-compatible and healing-promoting properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in leather crafting, assisting in burnishing edges and enhancing the overall quality of leather goods.

In oil drilling fluids, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt contributes to rheological control and fluid viscosity.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is a key ingredient in adhesive formulations, providing binding properties in certain industrial applications.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's versatility extends to various industrial and consumer applications, showcasing its importance in multiple sectors.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the textile industry for its role in fabric sizing, improving the strength and handling properties of yarns.
In the production of dairy products, such as yogurt and cheese, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized to control viscosity and texture.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the formulation of paint removers, contributing to the gel-like consistency that aids in paint removal.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to ceramic glazes to improve adhesion and prevent the settling of pigments.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt finds application in the creation of artificial tears and eye drops, contributing to their viscosity and moisture-retaining properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in the cosmetics industry, especially in creams and lotions, for its thickening and stabilizing effects.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is an essential component in the production of hydrogels, used in medical dressings for wound care.
In the construction industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in mortar formulations to enhance workability and adhesion.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to detergents and cleaning products for its ability to stabilize and thicken the liquid formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in water treatment processes, aiding in the removal of impurities and solid particles.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the production of pet food, contributing to the texture and appearance of various products.

In the creation of artificial snow for entertainment purposes, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized to achieve a snow-like texture.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt plays a role in the production of biodegradable films, used for packaging and agricultural applications.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to welding rods to improve their binding and adherence properties during welding.

In the mining industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in flotation processes to separate valuable minerals from ore.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to ceramics to improve the plasticity of clay, making it easier to shape and mold.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the formulation of gel-based fire retardants, providing a consistent and adherent coating.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the creation of air freshener gels, ensuring a controlled release of fragrance over time.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in the formulation of graphite dispersions, contributing to the stability and spreadability of the graphite.

In the creation of pigment dispersions for inks, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt helps prevent settling and ensures uniform color distribution.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the production of biopolymer-based films, which find applications in sustainable packaging.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to ceramic glazes to improve their adherence to surfaces and prevent dripping during firing.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the creation of film coatings for tablets and pills in the pharmaceutical industry.
In the oil and gas industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in hydraulic fracturing fluids to control fluid viscosity and improve fluid loss.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to latex-based paints to improve flow and prevent settling of pigments, enhancing overall paint quality.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is crucial in the production of ceramics, acting as a binder in the formation of greenware before firing.
In the creation of instant adhesive formulations, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt contributes to the viscosity and adhesion properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the textile industry to improve the printability of fabric in dyeing processes.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt finds application in the manufacturing of artificial organs, contributing to the gel-like consistency of certain biomedical materials.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the construction of oil wells, aiding in the stabilization of drilling muds.
In the creation of battery separators, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt helps enhance the performance and safety of batteries.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in the production of ceramic tiles, improving the plasticity and workability of tile mixtures.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the formulation of ceramic glues, providing strong adhesion for bonding ceramics.
In the creation of pigmented dispersions for artists' paints, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt ensures homogeneity and stability.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt plays a role in the manufacturing of detergents, contributing to the stability and viscosity of liquid formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in the paper industry to improve the strength and formation of paper products.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt finds application in the formulation of pet shampoos, contributing to the product's consistency and stability.

In the production of air freshener gels, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt aids in achieving the desired gel-like texture.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the creation of biodegradable mulch films, promoting environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the printing industry for its role in thickening ink formulations.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to certain pharmaceutical formulations, including oral suspensions, for its suspending and thickening properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt plays a role in the formulation of latex adhesives, improving their stability and bonding properties.

In the production of watercolor paints, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt contributes to the even dispersion of pigments.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in the creation of carbonless copy paper, providing a reactive coating for image transfer.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added to ceramic casting slips, improving the viscosity and fluidity for precise casting.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in the construction industry to enhance the properties of mortars, ensuring better adhesion and workability.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the creation of biopolymer-based films for packaging applications.
In the manufacturing of lubricating greases, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is added for its thickening and stabilizing effects.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt finds application in the production of graphite electrodes, contributing to the stability of graphite dispersions.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in the creation of controlled-release pharmaceutical formulations, ensuring a gradual release of the active ingredient.



DESCRIPTION


Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, often abbreviated as CMC or NaCMC, is a chemically modified derivative of cellulose.
Cellulose is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants and is composed of repeating glucose units.
Carboxymethylcellulose is produced by chemically modifying cellulose through the introduction of carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) onto the hydroxyl groups of the glucose units.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, commonly known as sodium CMC, is a chemically modified cellulose derivative.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is derived from cellulose, a natural polymer found in plant cell walls.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt exhibits a white to creamish color and is typically in powder or granule form.

With high water solubility, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt dissolves easily in both hot and cold water.
The chemical structure involves carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) attached to the cellulose backbone.

Due to its anionic nature, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is often referred to as an anionic polymer.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in various industries for its versatile properties.

In the food industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt serves as a thickener, stabilizer, and binder in numerous products.
Pharmaceutically, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt finds applications in tablet formulations and controlled drug release systems.

Its viscosity-modifying capabilities make it valuable in creating desired textures in food and cosmetic formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's hygroscopic nature allows it to absorb and retain moisture in certain applications.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in toiletries like toothpaste, it contributes to product stability and consistency.
In the textile industry, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is employed in sizing agents for fabric.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt acts as a film-forming agent, crucial in the production of pharmaceutical tablets.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is a key ingredient in many paint formulations for its thickening properties.
Its stability in acidic conditions makes it suitable for applications in fruit juices and acidic food products.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's pseudoplasticity aids in delivering a smooth texture to various liquid formulations.

In paper production, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt enhances the properties of sizing and coating formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is used in adhesives, it provides a binding function in certain formulations.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's versatility extends to applications in oil drilling fluids for its rheological properties.
In the medical field, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is utilized in wound care products for its bio-compatibility.

Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt contributes to the stability of emulsions, preventing separation in products like salad dressings.
Due to its hypoallergenic nature, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt is considered safe for various consumer applications.
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt's rehydration properties are advantageous in dehydrated food products.
Its widespread use highlights Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt as a fundamental ingredient in numerous industrial and consumer goods.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: Variable, but generally (C6H7O2(OH)2OCH2COONa)n, where n represents the degree of polymerization.
Molecular Weight: Variable, depending on the degree of polymerization.
Appearance: White to creamish powder or granules.
Solubility: Soluble in both hot and cold water.
Chemical Structure: Derived from cellulose with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) attached to hydroxyl groups.
Charge: Anionic polymer.
Viscosity: Exhibits high viscosity, making it an effective thickening agent.
Solubility H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
Ph Range: 6.5 - 8.5
Ph: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Viscosity: 900 to 1400 mPa-s(1 %, H2O, 25 ℃)
Water Solubility: soluble



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air immediately.

Provide Ventilation:
Ensure proper ventilation in the area to disperse any airborne particles.


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes.

Flush with Water:
Wash the affected skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation persists or if there is any sign of chemical burns, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring the eyelids are held open.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the medical professional with details about the ingested substance.


General Advice:

Personal Precautions:
Wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when handling sodium CMC.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent the substance from entering waterways or sewers.

Cleanup Procedures:
Clean up spills with appropriate measures to avoid exposure.
Use absorbent materials to contain and collect the substance.

Handling and Storage:
Follow proper handling and storage procedures as outlined in the material safety data sheet (MSDS) or safety data sheet (SDS).

Disposal:
Dispose of the substance in accordance with local regulations and guidelines.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves and safety goggles, to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation where applicable.

Avoidance of Dust:
Minimize the generation of dust.
Use handling equipment that is designed to prevent dust formation.

Preventive Measures:
Implement measures to prevent spills and leaks.
Provide suitable containment and cleanup materials.

Avoid Contamination:
Prevent contamination by avoiding contact with incompatible materials.
Use dedicated equipment for handling sodium CMC.

Hygiene Practices:
Practice good personal hygiene, including washing hands thoroughly after handling.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where the substance is handled.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling sodium CMC are adequately trained in safe handling practices and are familiar with emergency procedures.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the identity of the substance, hazard information, and appropriate safety instructions.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store sodium CMC in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep away from heat sources and direct sunlight.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperatures within the specified range provided by the manufacturer.
Avoid extreme temperatures.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Store sodium CMC away from incompatible substances, such as strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Separation from Food and Feed:
Store away from food and animal feed to prevent contamination.

Container Integrity:
Ensure the integrity of containers to prevent leaks or spills.
Use appropriate storage containers made of compatible materials.

Accessibility:
Store sodium CMC in an area that is easily accessible for inspection, monitoring, and emergency response.

Segregation:
Segregate sodium CMC from other chemicals based on compatibility and hazard classification.

Controlled Area:
Designate a controlled storage area with restricted access to authorized personnel only.

Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate handling equipment, such as pumps and conveyors, to transfer sodium CMC to minimize the risk of spills.

Emergency Procedures:
Have emergency response procedures in place, including the availability of spill response materials and equipment.

Monitoring:
Regularly monitor storage conditions and perform inspections to identify and address any issues promptly.

Documentation:
Keep accurate records of storage conditions, including temperature, humidity, and any deviations from recommended practices.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the storage area.

Material Compatibility:
Ensure that storage containers and equipment are made of materials compatible with sodium CMC.

CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE, SODIUM SALT
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt acts as a stabilizer in foods.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.

CAS: 9004-32-4
MF: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
EINECS: 618-378-6

Synonyms
Aquacide I, Calbiochem;Aquacide II, Calbiochem;Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose sodium;Cellex;Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, sodium;cellulose gum;SODIUM CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE (CMC);SCMC(SODIUM;CARBOXY METHYL CELULLOSE;SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE;9004-32-4;sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate;Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP);Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether;Celluvisc (TN);Carmellose sodium (JP17);CHEMBL242021;SCHEMBL25311455;C.M.C. (TN);CHEBI:31357;Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000);D01544;M.W. 700000(DS=0.9) ,2500 - 4500mPa.s

Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is a water-soluble polymer.
As a solution in water, it has thixotropic properties.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).
However, its sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.

Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in a large variety of applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.

Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is a high viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); the viscosity of a 1% solution in water at 25 °C is 1300-2200 centipoise (cps).
The viscosity is both concentration and temperature dependent.
As the temperaure increases, the viscosity decreases.
As the concentration increases, the viscosity increases.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.
As stabilizer in foods.
Used in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent, tablet excipient, viscosity-increasing agent and in the development of biostructures such as biofilms, emulsions and nanoparticles for drug delivery.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used as a suspending agent, viscosity modifiers (thickeners) to stabilize emulsions and as a chemical dispersants of oils and other carbon structures such as nanotubes.
High viscosity is used to make a mixture which resembles a cream or lotion.
Degree of polymerization: approximately 3200; Degree of substitution: approximately 6.5-8.5 carboxymethyl groups per 10 anhydroglucose units; Sodium content: approximately 8% by weight; Derivation: Cellulose fiber with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetic acid.

Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt Chemical Properties
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
Form: low viscosity
Pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability:: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt (9004-32-4)

Uses
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.

Due to the fact that the acid form of Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt has poor water solubility, it is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.
Quality product can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.

Food science
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed), as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.

Marshmallows: Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt not only prevents dehydration and shrinkage of the product but also contributes to a more airy structure.
When combined with gelatin, Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt can significantly increase the viscosity of the gelatin.
A high molecular weight Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt (DS around 1.0) should be selected.

Ice cream: Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt has a lower viscosity at higher temperatures, and the viscosity increases upon cooling, which is conducive to the improvement of the expansion rate of the product and facilitates operation.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is advisable to use CMC with a viscosity of 250~260 mPa·s (DS around 0.6), and the reference dosage should be less than 0.4%.

Fruit juice beverages, soups, sauces, and instant soluble drinks: Due to Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt's good rheological properties (pseudoplasticity), it delivers a refreshing taste, and its excellent suspension stability ensures uniform flavor and texture throughout the product.
For acidic fruit juices, a Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt with good uniformity in degree of substitution is required.
If Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is further blended with a certain proportion of other water-soluble gums (such as xanthan gum), the effect can be even better.
A high viscosity Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt (DS0.6~0.8) should be selected.

Instant noodles: The addition of 0.1% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt helps to control moisture content, reduce oil absorption, and can also enhance the glossiness of the noodles.

Detergent uses
Detergent Grade Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is a cornerstone ingredient in modern cleaning products.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used for its thickening and stabilizing properties, enhancing the texture and efficiency of detergents.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt plays an important role in improving soil suspension and preventing redeposition, making it essential for high-performance laundry and dishwashing detergents.
With a tailored viscosity range, Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt ensures detergents maintain optimal consistency, crucial for both liquid and powder formulas.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt's compatibility with diverse detergent ingredients, including surfactants and builders, allows for versatile applications.

Laundry Detergents: Incorporate 5% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt to improve soil suspension and fabric care.
Blend with surfactants, builders, and fragrance.
This formulation ensures efficient cleaning and fabric protection, making laundry detergents more effective.

Dishwashing Liquids: Use 3% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt for enhanced grease removal and suds stability.
Combine with cleaning agents and scents.
This mix results in a powerful dishwashing liquid that cuts through grease and leaves dishes spotless.

Powdered Detergents: Add 4% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt to prevent caking and ensure smooth texture.
Mix with cleaning agents, brighteners, and fragrance.
This formulation keeps powdered detergents free-flowing and effective.

Hand Washes: Blend 2% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt for a luxurious, moisturizing feel.
Include cleansing agents and essential oils.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt creates hand washes that clean effectively while being gentle on the skin.

Surface Cleaners: Incorporate 1.5% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt to enhance cleaning power and leave a streak-free finish.
Mix with disinfectants and fragrances.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is ideal for multi-surface cleaners that effectively clean and freshen surfaces.

Car Wash Solutions: Use 2% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt to remove tough dirt and grime.
Combine with cleaning agents and wax for shine.
This formulation results in a car wash solution that cleans effectively without damaging the vehicle’s finish.

Fabric Softeners: Add 3% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt to fabric softeners for improved texture and fabric conditioning.
Blend with softening agents and scents.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt makes fabrics feel soft and smell fresh.

Toilet Bowl Cleaners: Incorporate 2% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt for enhanced cling to bowl surfaces.
Mix with disinfectants and cleaning agents.
This formula ensures a thorough clean and lasting freshness in toilet bowl cleaners.

Textile uses
Textile Grade Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is an essential component in the textile industry, widely used for its diverse applications.
Primarily, Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt’s employed as a thickening agent in textile printing, constituting about 2-3% of printing pastes, to achieve sharp, clear designs.
In dyeing processes, Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt, at a concentration of 1-2%, aids in uniform dye dispersion and fixation, ensuring vibrant and consistent colors.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt’s also used in fabric finishing, at about 0.5-1%, to enhance fabric hand feel and texture.
Additionally, Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt serves as a binding agent in non-woven fabrics, contributing to the strength and stability of the material.
In sizing applications, about 1-3% of Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is used to protect yarns during weaving, reducing breakages.
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt’s role in fabric softening and conditioning is pivotal, improving the overall quality and wearability of textiles.

Textile Printing: Mix 3% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt to create thickened printing pastes, ensuring precise and vibrant prints on fabrics.
Blend with dyes and water to achieve desired consistency.
This application results in sharp, clear textile designs that are visually appealing.

Fabric Dyeing: Use 2% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt for even dye distribution and improved color fixation in fabric dyeing.
Combine with fabric dyes and water, ensuring uniform application.
This leads to consistently colored fabrics with long-lasting hues.

Fabric Finishing: Incorporate 1% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt in finishing solutions to enhance fabric feel and appearance.
Mix with finishing agents and apply to textiles.
This application gives fabrics a soft, luxurious texture and improves wear resistance.

Preparation
Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
This product, called technical Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt, is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt, which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.
CARDOLITE NC 540
Cardolite NC 540 is a liquid curing agent for epoxy resins.
Cardolite NC 540 has a low viscosity and a high degree of reactivity.
Cardolite NC 540 is a blend of phenalkamines and modifying agents.

CAS Number: 944643-39-4



APPLICATIONS


Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for concrete bridges, overpasses, and other infrastructure exposed to the elements.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for marine equipment such as buoys, floats, and docks.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for industrial equipment and machinery, including pumps, valves, and compressors.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for HVAC equipment, including air handling units and ductwork.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for chemical and pharmaceutical processing equipment.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for agricultural equipment and machinery.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for mining equipment and infrastructure, including conveyor systems and processing plants.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for wastewater treatment facilities and equipment.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for electrical transmission and distribution equipment, including transformers and switchgear.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for power generation equipment, including gas and steam turbines.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for military and defense equipment, including aircraft and naval vessels.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for swimming pools and water features, including fountains and ponds.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for highway and transportation infrastructure, including bridges, tunnels, and road signs.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for food processing and packaging equipment.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for watercraft and recreational vehicles, including boats and RVs.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for solar panels and other renewable energy equipment.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for high-temperature equipment, including ovens, furnaces, and kilns.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for aerospace and aviation equipment, including jet engines and landing gear.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for hospital and medical equipment, including surgical instruments and patient beds.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for data centers and other critical infrastructure facilities.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for communication equipment and infrastructure, including cell towers and satellite dishes.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for commercial and industrial flooring, including warehouses, factories, and retail stores.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for amusement park rides and attractions.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for historical monuments and sculptures.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for swimming pool decks and outdoor entertainment areas.


Cardolite NC 540 is primarily used as a curing agent for epoxy resins in high-performance coatings and adhesives applications.
Cardolite NC 540 provides excellent corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, and adhesion properties to epoxy-based coatings and adhesives.
Some specific applications of Cardolite NC 540 include:

Protective coatings for metal and concrete structures
Industrial floor coatings and sealers
Marine coatings for ships and offshore structures
Adhesives for bonding metals, plastics, and composites
Electrical potting and encapsulation compounds
Automotive primers and topcoats
Aerospace coatings and adhesives
Composite laminates for sporting goods and aerospace applications
Wind turbine blade coatings and adhesives
Tank linings for chemical storage and transportation

Overall, Cardolite NC 540 is a versatile curing agent that can be used in a wide range of industrial and commercial applications where high-performance coatings and adhesives are required.


Cardolite NC 540 is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins in high-performance coatings and adhesives applications.
Cardolite NC 540 is commonly used in protective coatings for metal and concrete structures.
Cardolite NC 540 is also used in industrial floor coatings and sealers.

Marine coatings for ships and offshore structures are another common application of Cardolite NC 540.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in adhesives for bonding metals, plastics, and composites.

Electrical potting and encapsulation compounds also commonly utilize Cardolite NC 540.
Automotive primers and topcoats can benefit from the excellent properties of Cardolite NC 540.

Aerospace coatings and adhesives also commonly utilize Cardolite NC 540.
Composite laminates for sporting goods and aerospace applications often contain Cardolite NC 540.
Wind turbine blade coatings and adhesives benefit from the product's excellent properties.

Tank linings for chemical storage and transportation can also use Cardolite NC 540.
Food and beverage containers can be coated with Cardolite NC 540 due to its low VOC content and excellent chemical resistance properties.

Anti-corrosion coatings for pipelines and other infrastructure commonly use this product.
Cardolite NC 540 can be used as a curing agent in 3D printing resins, where its fast curing properties and excellent adhesion are beneficial.

The product's electrical insulation properties make it suitable for use in electronic coatings.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in art and craft coatings due to its low odor and easy handling properties.

Cardolite NC 540 can be used in coatings for metal furniture and fixtures.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for plastic parts in automotive and aerospace applications.
Cardolite NC 540 can be used in coatings for bridges and other infrastructure.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for storage tanks and silos.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for floors in clean rooms and other critical environments.

Cardolite NC 540 can be used in coatings for medical devices and equipment.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for water treatment facilities and pipelines.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for oil and gas pipelines and storage tanks.
Cardolite NC 540 can be used in coatings for railcars and other transportation equipment.


There are several other potential applications for Cardolite NC 540.
These include:

Coatings for food and beverage containers:

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for food and beverage containers due to its low VOC content and excellent chemical resistance properties.


Anti-corrosion coatings for pipelines:

The product's high degree of corrosion resistance makes it an ideal candidate for use in anti-corrosion coatings for pipelines and other infrastructure.


3D printing resins:

Cardolite NC 540 can be used as a curing agent in 3D printing resins, where its fast curing properties and excellent adhesion can help produce high-quality printed parts.


Electronic coatings:

Cardolite NC 540's electrical insulation properties make it suitable for use in electronic coatings, such as coatings for printed circuit boards and other electronic components.


Art and craft coatings:

Cardolite NC 540 can be used in art and craft coatings due to its low odor and easy handling properties.


Overall, Cardolite NC 540 is a versatile curing agent with many potential applications across a wide range of industries and products.
Its excellent properties, such as high reactivity, adhesion, and chemical resistance, make Cardolite NC 540 a popular choice for use in high-performance coatings and adhesives.


Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for oil and gas exploration equipment, including drilling rigs and pipelines.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for petrochemical processing equipment, such as storage tanks and reactors.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for automotive and transportation equipment, including cars, trucks, and trains.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for construction equipment, such as excavators, bulldozers, and cranes.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for offshore oil platforms and other marine structures.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for wind turbines and other renewable energy infrastructure.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for furniture and cabinetry, including kitchen and bathroom cabinets.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for sports equipment, including golf clubs, bicycles, and skis.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for metal and steel surfaces, including bridges, pipelines, and storage tanks.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for concrete surfaces, including floors, walls, and countertops.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for playground equipment and park structures.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for storage and containment structures, including silos and storage sheds.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for medical and laboratory equipment, including diagnostic tools and lab benches.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for airports and other transportation infrastructure, including runways and taxiways.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for military vehicles and equipment, including tanks and armored personnel carriers.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for water treatment and desalination equipment.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for amusement park and water park slides and structures.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for telecommunications equipment, including antennas and cable boxes.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for sporting arenas and stadium infrastructure, including seating and walkways.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for architectural structures and building facades.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for metal and wood doors and windows.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for garage floors and other residential flooring.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in coatings for railway infrastructure, including tracks and train stations.

Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for food and beverage processing equipment, including bottling machines and conveyors.
Cardolite NC 540 is used in coatings for signage and advertising displays, including billboards and digital screens.



DESCRIPTION


Cardolite NC 540 is a non-cashew phenalkamine epoxy curing agent produced by Cardolite Corporation.
It is a liquid product with a low viscosity and a high degree of reactivity.

Cardolite NC 540 is primarily used as a curing agent for epoxy resins in high-performance coatings and adhesives applications.
Cardolite NC 540 is a blend of phenalkamines derived from cashew nutshell liquid and other modifying agents.

Cardolite NC 540 provides excellent corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, and adhesion properties to epoxy-based coatings and adhesives.
Cardolite NC 540 is also known for its low VOC (volatile organic compounds) content, making it a more environmentally friendly option than traditional curing agents.

Cardolite NC 540 is a liquid curing agent for epoxy resins.
Cardolite NC 540 has a low viscosity and a high degree of reactivity.
Cardolite NC 540 is a blend of phenalkamines and modifying agents.

The phenalkamines in Cardolite NC 540 are derived from cashew nutshell liquid.
Cardolite NC 540 is primarily used in high-performance coatings and adhesives applications.

Cardolite NC 540 provides excellent corrosion resistance to coated surfaces.
Cardolite NC 540 also offers outstanding chemical resistance properties.
Adhesion properties are enhanced when using Cardolite NC 540.

Cardolite NC 540 is known for its low VOC content.
Cardolite NC 540 is an environmentally friendly option.

Cardolite NC 540 is easy to handle and apply.
Cardolite NC 540 cures at room temperature or at elevated temperatures.

Cardolite NC 540 provides high-performance properties to coatings and adhesives.
Cardolite NC 540 is a versatile curing agent suitable for a range of applications.

Cardolite NC 540 is compatible with a wide range of epoxy resins.
Cardolite NC 540 can be used in combination with other curing agents to optimize performance.
Cardolite NC 540 has excellent resistance to water and chemicals.

Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in harsh environments.
Cardolite NC 540 has a long pot life, which makes it easier to work with.

Cardolite NC 540 cures to a hard, durable finish.
Cardolite NC 540 is resistant to yellowing and discoloration.

Cardolite NC 540 provides a high-gloss, smooth finish to coated surfaces.
Cardolite NC 540 is suitable for use in industrial and commercial applications.

Cardolite NC 540 is a reliable and high-quality curing agent.
Cardolite NC 540 is a cost-effective option for producing high-performance coatings and adhesives.



PROPERTIES


Physical properties:

Appearance: pale yellow to amber liquid
Odor: mild, characteristic odor
Density: 0.97-1.03 g/cm³
Viscosity: 200-800 cP at 25°C (77°F)
Flash point: 180°C (356°F)
Solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and toluene
Boiling point: > 300°C (> 572°F)
Melting point: < -18°C (< 0°F)


Chemical properties:

Chemical formula: C15H25O3
Molecular weight: 253.36 g/mol
Functional groups: phenol, alkene, alkane
Acid value: 4-15 mg KOH/g
Hydroxyl value: 270-380 mg KOH/g
Refractive index: 1.490-1.510 at 25°C (77°F)
Carbon double bond equivalent (CDBE): 1.4-1.6 eq/kg


Other properties:

Low viscosity and low color
High reactivity and compatibility with a variety of other materials
Excellent adhesion and wetting properties
Good electrical insulation properties
Low toxicity and low VOC emissions
High thermal stability and resistance to oxidation and weathering



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the person to an area with fresh air and seek medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, or shortness of breath persist.


Skin contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or rash occurs.


Eye contact:

Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water to dilute the substance.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Seek medical attention immediately.


Other precautions:

Use appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and eye protection, when handling the product.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the product.
Store the product in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition.
Follow all handling and storage instructions provided on the product label or in the safety data sheet.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, eye protection, and a respirator, when handling the product.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.

Do not ingest or inhale the product.
Use the product in a well-ventilated area to avoid the buildup of vapors.
Do not smoke, eat, or drink while handling the product.


Storage:

Store the product in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition.
Keep the product container tightly closed when not in use.
Store the product away from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and bases.

Do not store the product in direct sunlight or in temperatures exceeding the recommended storage range.
Follow all handling and storage instructions provided on the product label or in the safety data sheet.

Cardolite NC 540 should be stored at temperatures between 0°C (32°F) and 40°C (104°F).
It should also be kept away from incompatible materials and sources of heat or ignition.
Proper storage and handling of the product can help ensure its stability and extend its shelf life.



SYNONYMS


Cashew nutshell liquid phenalkamide
Phenalkamide of cardanol
Phenalkamine of CNSL
Cardanolamine
CNSL-phenalkamine
Cardanol-phenalkamine
Phenalkamide of anacardic acid
Cardanol-based curing agent
Cashew nutshell liquid-based curing agent
Cardanol-based epoxy curing agent
Cardanol-based curing agent
CNSL phenalkamine epoxy hardener
Cashew nut shell liquid curing agent
Cardanol amine epoxy hardener
CNSL amine epoxy hardener
Phenalkamine hardener for epoxy resins
Cardanol amide epoxy curing agent
Cashew nut shell liquid phenalkamine
Cardanol amine curing agent
CNSL-based curing agent
Cardanol amide hardener for epoxy resins
Cardanol-based phenalkamine hardener
Cashew nutshell liquid-based epoxy hardener
Phenalkamine epoxy resin hardener
Cashew nut shell liquid-based curing agent
Phenalkamine of anacardic acid for epoxy resins
CNSL-based phenalkamine hardener
Cashew nut shell liquid-based phenalkamine hardener
Cardanol-based phenalkamide curing agent
Cardanolamine epoxy curing agent
CNSL-based phenalkamide curing agent
Cardanol-based amine hardener
Cashew nutshell liquid amine curing agent
Phenalkamine of CNSL for epoxy resins
Cardanol-derived phenalkamine curing agent
CNSL-based phenalkamide epoxy hardener
Cashew nutshell liquid-based phenalkamide curing agent
Cardanol-derived phenalkamide epoxy curing agent
Phenalkamine of cardanol for epoxy resins
CNSL-derived epoxy hardener
Cardanol-based amine epoxy hardener
Cashew nut shell liquid-derived epoxy curing agent
Cardanol-based phenalkamide hardener for epoxy resins
Cashew nut shell liquid-derived phenalkamine epoxy hardener
Phenalkamine of anacardic acid for epoxy coatings
Cardanol-derived amine epoxy curing agent
CNSL-derived phenalkamine curing agent
Cashew nutshell liquid phenalkamide epoxy curing agent
Cardanol-derived phenalkamine hardener for epoxy resins
Phenalkamine of CNSL for epoxy coatings
Cardanol-based epoxy hardener
CNSL-based epoxy curing agent
Cardanol amine-based epoxy curing agent
Cashew nut shell liquid-based phenalkamide hardener
Phenalkamine of anacardic acid for coatings
Cardanol-based phenalkamide hardener for coatings
CNSL-based phenalkamine hardener for epoxy coatings
Cashew nutshell liquid-based phenalkamine epoxy curing agent for coatings
Cardanol-derived phenalkamine curing agent for coatings
CARMELLOSE SODIUM
Carmellose sodium is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic cellulose ether in which some of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule have been replaced with a carboxy group.
Carmellose sodium is a thickening agent that is made by reacting cellulose (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).
Carmellose sodium is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6
Molecular Formula: [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)]

Carmellose sodium or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carmellose sodium is often used as its sodium salt, Carmellose sodium.
Carmellose sodium used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.

Carmellose sodium is an anionic water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose by etherification, substituting the hydroxyl groups with carboxymethyl groups on the cellulose chain.

Carmellose sodium is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Carmellose sodium is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Carmellose sodium is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.

Carmellose sodium, the most widely used water-based biopolymer binder in the laboratory at present, is a linear derivative of cellulose substituted by β–linked glucopyranose residues and carboxymethyl groups.

Carmellose sodium is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic cellulose ether in which some of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule have been replaced with a carboxy group.
Carmellose sodium, also referred to as cellulose gum, is an efficient thickener and binder for water based applications including adhesives, coatings, inks, gel packs, drilling mud and battery electrodes.

Carmellose sodium is the sodium salt of cellulose arboxymethyl and frequently used as viscous agent, paste and barrier agent.

Carmellose sodium is a cellulose derivative that consists of the cellulose backbone made up of glucopyranose monomers and their hydroxyl groups bound to carboxymethyl groups.
Carmellose sodium is added in food products as a viscosity modifier or thickener and emulsifier.
Carmellose sodium is also one of the most common viscous polymers used in artificial tears, and has shown to be effective in the treatment of aqueous tear-deficient dry eye symptoms and ocular surface staining.

The viscous and mucoadhesive properties as well as Carmellose sodium anionic charge allow prolonged retention time in the ocular surface.
Carmellose sodium is the most commonly used salt.

Carmellose sodium is one of the important modified cellulose, a water-soluble cellulose, which is widely used in many application of food, pharmaceuticals, detergent, paper coating, dispersing agent, and others.
Carmellose sodium addition possibly increases the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation features of Magnesium.

Carmellose sodium is a thickening agent that is made by reacting cellulose (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).
Carmellose sodium is also called cellulose gum.

Carmellose sodium has long been considered safe, but a 2015 study funded by the National Institutes of Health raised some doubts.
Carmellose sodium found that both Carmellose sodium and another emulsifier (polysorbate 80) affected gut bacteria and triggered inflam­matory bowel disease symptoms and other changes in the gut, as well as obesity and a set of obesity-related disease risk factors known as metabolic syndrome.

In mice that were predisposed to colitis, the emulsifiers promoted the disease.
Carmellose sodium is possible that polysorbates, Carmellose sodium, and other emulsifiers act like detergents to disrupt the mucous layer that lines the gut, and that the results of the study may apply to other emulsifiers as well.
Research is needed to determine long-term effects of these and other emulsifiers at levels that people consume.

Carmellose sodium is not absorbed or digested, so the FDA allows Carmellose sodium to be included with “dietary fiber” on food labels.
Carmellose sodium isn’t as healthful as fiber that comes from natural foods.

Carmellose sodium is an anionic water-soluble polymer based on renewable cellulosic raw material.
Carmellose sodium functions as a rheology modifier, binder, dispersant, and an excellent film former.
These attributes make Carmellose sodium a preferred choice as a bio-based hydrocolloid in multiple applications.

Carmellose sodium or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Carmellose sodium, Sodium Salt is the most often used form of cellulose gum.

Carmellose sodium is used in a variety of industries as a thickener and/or to prepare stable emulsions in both food and non-food products.
Insoluble microgranular Carmellose sodium is used as a cation-exchange resin in ion-exchange chromatography for purification of proteins.
Carmellose sodium has also been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex).

Carmellose sodium can be used to stabilize palladized iron nanoparticles, which can further be utilized in the dichlorination of contaminated subsurfaces.
Carmellose sodium may also be used as a polymeric matrix to form a composite with a crystalline nanofibril for the development of sustainable bio-based polymers.
Carmellose sodium can also bind with a hard carbon electrode for the fabrication of sodium ion-batteries.

Carmellose sodium is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Carmellose sodium is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Carmellose sodium is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.

Carmellose sodium is an anionic polymer with a clarified solution dissolved in cold or hot water.
Carmellose sodium functions as a thickening rheology modifier, moisture retention agent, texture/body building agent, suspension agent, and binding agent in personal products and toothpaste.

Adding Carmellose sodium into toothpaste has obvious effects in binding and body structure.
Due to Carmellose sodium's good uniform substitution ability, excellent salt tolerance and acid resistance, the toothpaste can be easily extruded and show better appearance, and impart a smooth and comfortable toothfeel.

Carmellose sodium, sodium appears as white, fibrous, free-flowing powder, and is used commonly as an FDA-approved disintegrant in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Disintegrants facilitate the breakup of a tablet in the intestinal tract after oral administration.
Without a disintegrant, tablets may not dissolve appropriately and may effect the amount of active ingredient absorbed, thereby decreasing effectiveness.

According to the FDA Select Committee on GRAS food Substances, Carmellose sodium is virtually unabsorbed.
Carmellose sodium is generally regarded as safe when used in normal quantities.

Carmellose sodium is the sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose obtained from plant material.
In essence, Carmellose sodium is a chemically modified cellulose that has a carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.

Carmellose sodium is available in different degrees of substitution, generally in the range 0.6 – 0.95 derivatives per monomer unit, and molecular weights.
Commercial grades of Carmellose sodium are supplied as white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powders.

Carmellose sodium is a derivative of cellulose, in which part of the hydroxyl is linked to a carboxymethyl group (–CH2–COOH) as ether.
Carmellose sodiums are not soluble in water in an acidic form, but they dissolve well in basic solvents.

They are used, e.g., to monitor filtration or to increase the viscosity of drilling fluids.
Carmellose sodium is available in different viscosity grades and purity levels.

Carmellose sodium is able to form solid gels.
Carmellose sodium also strengthens the effect of emulsifiers and prevents undesirable substantive lumps.

As Carmellose sodium forms robust, smooth films, Carmellose sodium is also used as a coating agent.
Carmellose sodium is the only cellulose derivative that can also form and stabilize foams.

Carmellose sodium is derived from natural cellulose, or plant fibre.
In Carmellose sodium dry form, it’s an odourless and flavourless white, grey or yellow powder that dissolves in water.
When used in cosmetics, Carmellose sodium stops lotions and creams from separating and controls the thickness and texture of liquids, creams and gels.

Carmellose sodium (technically, Carboxymethylcelluloses) is a family of chemically modified cellulose derivatives containing the carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
When Carmellose sodium is recovered and presented as the Sodium salt, the resulting polymer is what is known as Carmellose sodium, and has the general chemical formula, [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]n.

Carmellose sodium was discovered shortly after Word War 1 and has been produced commercially since the early 1930s.
Carmellose sodium is produced by treating cellulose with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution followed by monochloroacetic acid or Carmellose sodium sodium salt.

In a parallel reaction two by-products, sodium chloride and sodium glycolate, are produced.
Once these by-products are removed, high purity Carmellose sodium is obtained.

As a general rule, the obtained material has a slight excess of sodium hydroxide and has to be neutralised.
The neutralisation endpoint can affect the properties of Carmellose sodium.
In the final step, Carmellose sodium is dried, milled to the desired particle size, and packaged.

Food and pharmaceutical grade Carmellose sodium is required by law to contain not less than 99.5% pure Carmellose sodium and a maximum of 0.5% of residual salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
The degree of substitution (DS) can vary between 0.2-1.5, although Carmellose sodium is generally in the range of 0.6-0.95.

The DS determines the behaviour of Carmellose sodium in water: Grades with DS >0.6 form colloidal solutions in water that are transparent and clear, i.e the higher the content of carboxymethyl groups, the higher the solubility and smoother the solutions obtained.
Carmellose sodium with a DS below 0.6 tends to be only partially soluble.

Carmellose sodium is available as a white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powder.

Carmellose sodium is the sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of 13 cellulose.
Carmellose sodium contains not less than 6.0 percent and not more than 12.0 percent of 14 sodium (Na) on the dried basis, corresponding to 0.53 -1.45 degree of 15 substitution.

Applications of Carmellose sodium:
Carmellose sodium (CMC, methyl cellulose, Methylcellulose) is a modified cellulose gum (Thickener is E461).
Carmellose sodium tends to give clear, slightly gummy, solutions.

They are generally soluble in cold water and insoluble in hot.
Carmellose sodium is used to thicken dry mix beverage, syrups, ripples and ice cream, and also to stabilise ice cream, batters and sour milk.
Carmellose sodium gives moisture retention to cake mixes and water binding and thickening to icings.

Carmellose sodium can be used as a binder in the preparation of graphene nano-platelet based inks for the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
Carmellose sodium can also be used as a viscosity enhancer in the development of tyrosinase based inks for the formation of electrodes for biosensor applications.
Carmellose sodium is used as a support material for a variety of cathodes and anodes for microbial fuel cells.

Carmellose sodium is used as a highly effective additive to improve Carmellose sodium and processing properties in various fields of application - from foodstuffs, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to products for the paper and textile industries.

Building material additives, printing inks, coatings, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, paper or textiles – there’s a long and growing list of applications.
Special-purpose cellulose derivatives produced by Wolff Cellulosics provide invisible yet indispensable benefits in countless everyday products.

Fields of Application:
Our cellulosic products perform all kinds of different functions in the various fields of application.

Their capabilities include:
Water retention
Gelling
Emulsifying
Suspending
Absorbing
Stabilising
Bonding
Forming films

Carmellose sodium is also used in numerous medical applications.

Some examples include:
Device for epistaxis (nose bleeding).
A poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) balloon is covered by Carmellose sodium knitted fabric reinforced by nylon.

The device is soaked in water to form a gel, which is inserted into the nose of the balloon and inflated.
The combination of the inflated balloon and the therapeutic effect of the Carmellose sodium stops the bleeding.

Fabric used as a dressing following ear nose and throat surgical procedures.

Water is added to form a gel, and this gel is inserted into the sinus cavity following surgery.
In ophthalmology, Carmellose sodium is used as a lubricating agent in artificial tears solutions for the treatment of dry eyes.

In veterinary medicine, Carmellose sodium is used in abdominal surgeries in large animals, particularly horses, to prevent the formation of bowel adhesions.

Research applications:
Insoluble Carmellose sodium (water-insoluble) can be used in the purification of proteins, particularly in the form of charged filtration membranes or as granules in cation-exchange resins for ion-exchange chromatography.
Carmellose sodium low solubility is a result of a lower DS value (the number of carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit in the cellulose chain) compared to soluble Carmellose sodium.

Insoluble Carmellose sodium offers physical properties similar to insoluble cellulose, while the negatively charged carboxylate groups allow Carmellose sodium to bind to positively charged proteins.
Insoluble Carmellose sodium can also be chemically cross-linked to enhance the mechanical strength of Carmellose sodium.

Moreover, Carmellose sodium has been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex); Carmellose sodium is a highly specific substrate for endo-acting cellulases, as Carmellose sodium structure has been engineered to decrystallize cellulose and create amorphous sites that are ideal for endoglucanase action.
Carmellose sodium is desirable because the catalysis product (glucose) is easily measured using a reducing sugar assay, such as 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.

Using Carmellose sodium in enzyme assays is especially important in screening for cellulase enzymes that are needed for more efficient cellulosic ethanol conversion.
Carmellose sodium was misused in early work with cellulase enzymes, as many had associated whole cellulase activity with Carmellose sodium hydrolysis.
As the mechanism of cellulose depolymerization became better understood, Carmellose sodium became clear that exo-cellulases are dominant in the degradation of crystalline (e.g. Avicel) and not soluble (e.g. Carmellose sodium) cellulose.

In food applications:
Carmellose sodium is used as a stabiliser, thickener, film former, suspending agent and extender.
Applications include ice cream, dressings, pies, sauces, and puddings.
Carmellose sodium is available in various viscosities depending on the function Carmellose sodium is to serve.

In non food applications:
Carmellose sodium is sold under a variety of trade names and is used as a thickener and emulsifier in various cosmetic products, and also as a treatment of constipation.
Like cellulose, Carmellose sodium is not digestible, not toxic, and not allergenic.
Some practitioners are using this for weight loss.

Treatment of constipation:
When eaten, methylcellulose is not absorbed by the intestines but passes through the digestive tract undisturbed.
Carmellose sodium attracts large amounts of water into the colon, producing a softer and bulkier stool.

Carmellose sodium is used to treat constipation, diverticulosis, hemorrhoids and irritable bowel syndrome.
Carmellose sodium should be taken with sufficient amounts of fluid to prevent dehydration.
Because Carmellose sodium absorbs water and potentially toxic materials and increases viscosity, Carmellose sodium can also be used to treat diarrhea.

Lubricant:
Methylcellulose is used as a variable viscosity personal lubricant; Carmellose sodium is the main ingredient in K-Y Jelly.

Artificial tears and saliva:
Solutions containing methylcellulose or similar cellulose derivatives are used as substitute for tears or saliva if the natural production of these fluids is disturbed.

Paper and textile sizing:
Methylcellulose is used as sizing in the production of papers and textiles.
Carmellose sodium protects the fibers from absorbing water or oil.

Special effects:
The slimy, gooey appearance of an appropriate preparation of methylcellulose with water, in addition to Carmellose sodium non-toxic, non-allergenic, and edible properties, makes Carmellose sodium popular for use in special effects for motion pictures and television wherever vile slimes must be simulated.
In the film Ghostbusters, for example, the gooey substance that supernatural entities used to “slime” the Ghostbusters was mostly a thick water solution of methylcellulose.

Carmellose sodium is also often used in the pornographic industry to simulate semen in large quantity, in order to shoot movies related to bukkake fetish.
Carmellose sodium is preferable to food-based fake semen (e.g., condensed milk) because this last solution can often cause problems, especially when the ingredient used contains sugar.
Sugar is thought to encourage yeast infection when Carmellose sodium is injected in the vagina.

Applications in Pharmaceutical Formulations or Technology:
Carmellose sodium (technically, Carboxymethylcelluloses) is a family of chemically modified cellulose derivatives containing the carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
When Carmellose sodium is recovered and presented as the Sodium salt, the resulting polymer is what is known as Carmellose sodium, and has the general chemical formula, [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]n.

Carmellose sodium was discovered shortly after Word War 1 and has been produced commercially since the early 1930s.
Carmellose sodium is produced by treating cellulose with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution followed by monochloroacetic acid or Carmellose sodium sodium salt.

In a parallel reaction two by-products, sodium chloride and sodium glycolate, are produced.
Once these by-products are removed, high purity Sodium Carmellose sodium is obtained.

As a general rule, the obtained material has a slight excess of sodium hydroxide and has to be neutralised.
The neutralisation endpoint can affect the properties of Carmellose sodium.
In the final step, Carmellose sodium is dried, milled to the desired particle size, and packaged.

Food and pharmaceutical grade Carmellose sodium is required by law to contain not less than 99.5% pure Carmellose sodium and a maximum of 0.5% of residual salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
The degree of substitution (DS) can vary between 0.2-1.5, although Carmellose sodium is generally in the range of 0.6-0.95.

The DS determines the behaviour of Carmellose sodium in water: Grades with DS >0.6 form colloidal solutions in water that are transparent and clear, i.e the higher the content of carboxymethyl groups, the higher the solubility and smoother the solutions obtained.
Carmellose sodium with a DS below 0.6 tends to be only partially soluble.

Carmellose sodium is available as a white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powder.

Uses of Carmellose sodium:
Carmellose sodium is used in drilling muds, detergents, resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, and textile sizes.
Carmellose sodium is also used as a protective colloid, a stabilizer for foods, and a pharmaceutical additive.

Carmellose sodium is used as a bulk laxative, emulsifier and thickener in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and stabilizer for reagents.
Carmellose sodium is formerly registered in the US for use as an insecticide for ornamental and flowering plants.

Carmellose sodium is permitted for use as an inert ingredient in non-food pesticide products.
Carmellose sodium is used as an anticaking agent, drying agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, stabilizer or thickener, and texturizer in foods.

Introduction:
Carmellose sodium is used in a variety of applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
Carmellose sodium is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.

Carmellose sodium is used primarily because Carmellose sodium has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.

Food science:
Carmellose sodium is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when Carmellose sodium is enzymatically hydrolyzed), as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream.
Carmellose sodium is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.

Carmellose sodium is used to achieve tartrate or cold stability in wine, an innovation that may save megawatts of electricity used to chill wine in warm climates.
Carmellose sodium is more stable than metatartaric acid and is very effective in inhibiting tartrate precipitation.
Carmellose sodium is reported that KHT crystals, in presence of Carmellose sodium, grow slower and change their morphology.

Their shape becomes flatter because they lose 2 of the 7 faces, changing their dimensions.
Carmellose sodium molecules, negatively charged at wine pH, interact with the electropositive surface of the crystals, where potassium ions are accumulated.
The slower growth of the crystals and the modification of their shape are caused by the competition between Carmellose sodium molecules and bitartrate ions for binding to the KHT crystals.

Specific culinary uses:
Carmellose sodium powder is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Carmellose sodium is used in baking breads and cakes.
The use of Carmellose sodium gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.

Carmellose sodium is also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.
By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, Carmellose sodium improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.
Carmellose sodium can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.

Use of Carmellose sodium in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.
Carmellose sodium is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.

Other uses:
In laundry detergents, Carmellose sodium is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.
Carmellose sodium is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where Carmellose sodiumacts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.

Carmellose sodium is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.
Carmellose sodium's water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.
Carmellose sodium is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with silicon-containing anodes.

Carmellose sodium is also used in ice packs to form a eutectic mixture resulting in a lower freezing point, and therefore more cooling capacity than ice.

Aqueous solutions of Carmellose sodium have also been used to disperse carbon nanotubes, where the long Carmellose sodium molecules are thought to wrap around the nanotubes, allowing them to be dispersed in water.

In conservation-restoration, Carmellose sodiumis used as an adhesive or fixative (commercial name Walocel, Klucel).

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Petroleum Production and Refining
Textiles (Fiber & Fabric Manufacturing)
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Farming (Pesticides)

Adverse reactions of Carmellose sodium:
Effects on inflammation, microbiota-related metabolic syndrome, and colitis are a subject of research.
Carmellose sodium is suggested as a possible cause of inflammation of the gut, through alteration of the human gastrointestinal microbiota, and has been suggested as a triggering factor in inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

While thought to be uncommon, case reports of severe reactions to Carmellose sodium exist.
Skin testing is believed to be a useful diagnostic tool for this purpose.
Carmellose sodium was the active ingredient in an eye drop brand Ezricare Artificial Tears which was recalled due to potential bacterial contamination.

Preparation of Carmellose sodium:
Carmellose sodium is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Carmellose sodium.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Carmellose sodium and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
Carmellose sodium is the so-called technical Carmellose sodium, which is used in detergents.

An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Carmellose sodium, which is used for alimentary and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.

Structure and properties of Carmellose sodium:
The functional properties of Carmellose sodium depend on the degree of substitution of the cellulose structure [i.e., how many of the hydroxyl groups have been converted to carboxymethylene(oxy) groups in the substitution reaction], as well as the chain length of the cellulose backbone structure and the degree of clustering of the carboxymethyl substituents.

Structure:
Carmellose sodium is typical ionic-type cellulose ether and the frequently used product is Carmellose sodium sodium salt, as well as ammonium and aluminum salts.
Sometimes, Carmellose sodium acids can be produced.

When degree of substitution (that is, the average value of hydroxyl groups reacted with the substitution of each anhydrous glucose monomer) is 1, Carmellose sodium molecular formula is [C6H7O2 (OH) 2OCH2COONa] n.
With drying at the temperature of 105℃ and constant weight, the content of sodium is 6.98-8.5%.

Appearance and Solubility:
The pure Carmellose sodium is white or milk white fibrous powder or particles, odorless and tasteless.
Carmellose sodiumis insoluble in organic solvents such as methanol, alcohol, diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform and benzene but soluble in water.
Degree of substitution is an important factor influencing water solubility and the viscosity of Carmellose sodium also has a great effect on the water solubility.

In general when the viscosity is within 25-50Pa•s and the degree of substitution is about 0.3, Carmellose sodiumshows alkaline solubility and while the degree of substitution is over 0.4, Carmellose sodiumshows water solubility.
With the rise of DS, the transparency of solution improves accordingly.
In addition, the replacement homogeneity also has an great effect on the solubility.

Hygroscopicity:
Carmellose sodium equilibrium water content will increase with the rise of air humidity but decrease with the rise of temperature.
At room temperature and average humidity of 80-85%, the equilibrium water content is more than 26% but moisture content in Carmellose sodiums is lower than 10%, lower than the former.
As far as Carmellose sodium shape is concerned, even if the water content is about 15%, there seems no difference in appearance.

However, when the moisture content reaches above 20%, inter-particle mutual adhesion can be perceived and the higher the viscosity is, the more evident Carmellose sodiumwill become.
For these polarized high-molecular compounds like Carmellose sodium, the hygroscopic degree is not only affected by the relative humidity but also by the number of polarity.

The higher the degree os substitution is, that is, the larger the number of polarity, the stronger the hygroscopicity will be.
Moreover, crystallinity also affects Carmellose sodiumand the higher the crystallinity is, the smaller the hygroscopic will be.

Compatibility:
Carmellose sodium has good compatibility with other kinds of water-soluble glues, softeners and resin.
For example, Carmellose sodiumis compatible with animal glues, dimethoxy dimethylurea gel, Arabic gum, pectin, tragacanth gum, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, glycerol, invert sugar, soluble starch and sodium alginate.

Carmellose sodiumis also compatible with casein, Carmellose sodium of melamine- formaldehyde resin and ethylene glycol, urea formaldehyde ethylene glycol resin, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), phosphate nitrilotriacetic acid, and sodium silicate but the degree is slightly poorer.
1% Carmellose sodium solution is compatible with most inorganic salts.

Dissociation Constant:
In the giant polymer matrix of Carmellose sodium, there are plenty of electrolyzing groups (carboxymethyl groups).
The acidity is similar to that of acetic acid and the dissociation constant is 5×10-5.
The dissociation strength has an considerable effect on the electrical properties of Carmellose sodium.

Biochemical Properties:
Although Carmellose sodium solution is difficult to get rotten than natural gums, under certain conditions, some microbes enable Carmellose sodiumto get rotten, especially with cellulose and taka-amylase reactions, leading to the decrease of solution viscosity.
The higher the DS of Carmellose sodium is, the less Carmellose sodiumwill be affected by enzymes and this is because the side chain linked with glucose residues prevents enzymolysis.

Since the enzyme action leads to the breakage of Carmellose sodium main chain and generates reducing sugar, in this way the degree of polymerization will decrease and the solution viscosity will accordingly decrease.
The digestive enzymes within human body can have no decomposition on Carmellose sodium and Carmellose sodium has no decomposition in acid or alkaline digestive juice.

Handling and storage of Carmellose sodium:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

Stability and reactivity of Carmellose sodium:

Reactivity:
The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures: in correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed.

Chemical stability:
Carmellose sodium is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Possibility of hazardous reactions:

Violent reactions possible with:
strong oxidising agents

Conditions to avoid:
no information available

Incompatible materials:
No data available

First aid measures of Carmellose sodium:

If inhaled:

After inhalation:
Fresh air.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.

In case of eye contact:

After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:

After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

Firefighting measures of Carmellose sodium:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For Carmellose sodium no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from Carmellose sodium or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.
Combustible.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters:
In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental release measures of Carmellose sodium:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Avoid inhalation of dusts.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.

Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.

Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
Avoid generation of dusts.

Identifiers of Carmellose sodium:
CAS Number: 9004-32-4
ChEBI: CHEBI:85146
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1909054
ChemSpider: none
ECHA InfoCard: 100.120.377
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)
UNII: 05JZI7B19X
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7040441

EC / List no.: 618-378-6
CAS no.: 9004-32-4

Synonym(s): Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt
CAS Number: 9004-32-4
MDL number: MFCD00081472
NACRES: NA.23

ChEBI: CHEBI:85146
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1909054
ChemSpider: none
ECHA InfoCard: 100.120.377
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)
UNII: 05JZI7B19X
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7040441
Chemical formula: C8H15NaO8
Molar mass: variable
SMILES: CC(=O)[O-].C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O.[Na+]
InChI Key: QMGYPNKICQJHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H12O6.C2H4O2.Na/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8;1-2(3)4;/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2;1H3,(H,3,4);/q;;+1/p-1

Product Number: C0603
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]__n
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Condition to Avoid: Hygroscopic
CAS RN: 9004-32-4
Merck Index (14): 1829
MDL Number: MFCD00081472

Physical state at 20 °C: Solid:
Colour: Almost white powder:
Odour: Odorless
pH value: 6.5 - 8.5
Density [g/cm3]: 1.59:
Solubility in water [% weight]: Soluble in water

Physical State: Solid
Solubility: Soluble in water (20 mg/ml).
Storage: Store at room temperature

Properties of Carmellose sodium:
form: powder
Quality Level: 200
autoignition temp.: 698 °F
mol wt: average Mw ~700,000
extent of labeling: 0.9 carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit
mp: 270 °C (dec.)
InChI: 1S/C6H12O6.C2H4O2.Na/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8;1-2(3)4;/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2;1H3,(H,3,4);
InChI key: DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

logP: -3.6:
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 11.8
pKa (Strongest Basic): -3
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 6
Hydrogen Donor Count: 5
Polar Surface Area: 118.22 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 37.35 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 16.07 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No

Appearance: Off white to cream colored powder
Assay (as Na; HClO4 titration, on anhydrous basis): 6.5 - 9.5%
Identity: Passes test
pH (1% solution): 6.5 - 8.0
Viscosity (1% solution; 20°C on dried basis): 250 - 350 cps
Appearance of solution: Passes test
Insoluble matter in water: Passes test
Loss on drying (at 105°C): Max 10%
Sulphated Ash (as SO4; on dried basis): 20 - 29.3%
Chloride (Cl): Max 0.25%
Sodium glycolate: Max 0.4%
Heavy metal (as Pb): Max 0.002%
Arsenic (As): Max 0.0003%
Iron (Fe): Max 0.02%

Condition to Avoid: Hygroscopic
Content(Na,Drying substance): 6.0 to 8.5 %
Drying loss: max. 10.0 %
Etherification value( as Drying substance): 0.5 to 0.8
Merck Index (14): 1829
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
PubChem Substance ID: 87565248
RTECS#: FJ5950000
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Viscosity: 500.0 to 900.0 mPa-s(2 %, H2O, 25 deg-C)

Molecular Weight: 262.19 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 158Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Complexity: 173
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Carmellose sodium:
Appearance: White to Light yellow to Light orange powder to crystal
Content(Na,Drying substance): 6.0 to 8.5 %
Etherification value( as Drying substance): 0.5 to 0.8
Drying loss: max. 10.0 %
Viscosity: 900 to 1400 mPa-s(1 %, H2O, 25 deg-C)
FooDB Name: Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt

Names of Carmellose sodium:

Regulatory process name:
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt

IUPAC names:
2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal acetic acid sodium hydride
acetic acid; 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal; sodium
Carboximethilcelullose
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium
Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt
Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt
Carboxymethylcellulose
carboxymethylcellulose
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt
Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt
Cellulose Gum
Cellulose gum
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt
Na carboxymethyl cellulose
sodium carboxy methyl cellulose
sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
sodium cellulose carboxymethyl ether

Trade name:
Carboximetilcelulosa

Other names:
Carboxy methyl cellulose sodium
Carboxymethyl cellulose
carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt
carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salts
Carboxymethyl ether cellulose sodium salt
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Salt
Carboxymethylcellulose, sodium salt
cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt
Cellulose, Carboxymethyl ether, Sodiu
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose
Carboxymethylcellulose
carmellose
E466

Other identifier:
9004-32-4

Synonyms of Carmellose sodium:
cellulose gum
CMC
Na CMC
Sodium cellulose glycolate
Sodium CMC
Cellulose Glycolic Acid Sodium Salt
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Sodium Cellulose Glycolate
Sodium Tylose
Tylose Sodium
C.M.C.
C.m.c.
C.m.c. (TN):
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (usp)
Carmellose sodium:
Carmellose sodium (JP15)
Celluvisc
Celluvisc (TN):
Sodium 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal acetic acid
9004-32-4
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Cellulose gum
Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt
sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP)
Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether
CMC powder
Celluvisc (TN)
C8H15NaO8
Carmellose sodium (JP17)
CHEMBL242021
C.M.C. (TN)
CHEBI:31357
E466
K625
D01544
Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium - Viscosity 100 - 300 mPa.s
Cellulose Glycolic Acid Sodium Salt (n=approx. 500)
Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (n=approx. 500)Sodium Cellulose Glycolate (n=approx. 500)
Sodium Tylose (n=approx. 500)
Tylose Sodium (n=approx. 500)
12M31Xp
1400Lc
2000Mh
30000A
7H3Sf
7H3Sx
7H4Xf
7L2C
7Mxf
9H4F-Cmc
9H4Xf
9M31X
9M31Xf
AG
Ac-Of-Sol
Antizol
Aoih
Aquacel
Aquaplast
Blanose
CMC
CMC-Na
Cellcosan
Cellofas
Cellogen
Cellpro
Cellugel
Cepol
Cmc-Clt
Cmc-Lvt
Cmcna
Collowel
Covagel
Dehydazol
Diko
Dissolvo
Dte-Nv
Ethoxose
F-Sl
Finnfix
Hpc-Mfp
KMTs
Kiccolate
Lovosa
Lucel
Marpolose
Micell
Natrium-Carboxymethyl-Cellulose
Nymcel
Orabase
PATs-V
Pac-R
Relatin
Scmc
Serogel
Sichozell
Sunrose
T.P.T
VinoStab
Yo-Eh
Yo-L
Yo-M
Substituents::
Hexose monosaccharide
Medium-chain aldehyde
Beta-hydroxy aldehyde
Acetate salt
Alpha-hydroxyaldehyde
Carboxylic acid salt
Secondary alcohol
Carboxylic acid derivative
Carboxylic acid
Organic alkali metal salt
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Polyol
Organic sodium salt
Aldehyde
Hydrocarbon derivative
Alcohol
Organic oxide
Carbonyl group
Primary alcohol
Organic salt
Organic zwitterion
Aliphatic acyclic compound
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether
7H3SF
AC-Di-sol. NF
AKU-W 515
Aquaplast
Avicel RC/CL
B 10
B 10 (Polysaccharide)
Blanose BS 190
Blanose BWM
CM-Cellulose sodium salt
CMC
CMC 2
CMC 3M5T
CMC 41A
CMC 4H1
CMC 4M6
CMC 7H
CMC 7H3SF
CMC 7L1
CMC 7M
CMC 7MT
CMC sodium salt
Carbose 1M
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, low-substituted
Carmellose sodium, low-substituted
Carmethose
Cellofas
Cellofas B
Cellofas B5
Cellofas B50
Cellofas B6
Cellofas C
Cellogel C
Cellogen 3H
Cellogen PR
Cellogen WS-C
Cellpro
Cellufix FF 100
Cellufresh
Cellugel
Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt
Cellulose glycolic acid, sodium salt
Cellulose gum
Cellulose sodium glycolate
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, low-substituted
Celluvisc
Collowel
Copagel PB 25
Courlose A 590
Courlose A 610
Courlose A 650
Courlose F 1000G
Courlose F 20
Courlose F 370
Courlose F 4
Courlose F 8
Daicel 1150
Daicel 1180
Edifas B
Ethoxose
Fine Gum HES
Glikocel TA
KMTs 212
KMTs 300
KMTs 500
KMTs 600
Lovosa
Lovosa 20alk.
Lovosa TN
Lucel (polysaccharide)
Majol PLX
Modocoll 1200
NaCm-cellulose salt
Nymcel S
Nymcel ZSB 10
Nymcel ZSB 16
Nymcel slc-T
Polyfibron 120
Refresh Plus, Cellufresh Formula
S 75M
Sanlose SN 20A
Sarcell TEL
Sodium CM-cellulose
Sodium CMC
Sodium carboxmethylcellulose
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
Sodium cellulose glycolate
Sodium glycolate cellulose
Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose
Tylose 666; Tylose C
Tylose C 1000P
Tylose C 30
Tylose C 300
Tylose C 600
Tylose CB 200
Tylose CB series
Tylose CBR 400
Tylose CBR series
Tylose CBS 30
Tylose CBS 70
Tylose CR
Tylose CR 50
Tylose DKL
Unisol RH
Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt
Orabase
Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt
Cethylose
Cel-O-Brandt
Glykocellon
Carbose D
Xylo-Mucine
Tylose MGA
Cellolax
Polycell
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
9004-32-4
sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate
UNII-NTZ4DNW8J6
UNII-6QM647NAYU
UNII-WR51BRI81M
UNII-7F32ERV10S
Carboxymethylcelulose, sodium salt
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP)
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium [USP]
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; (Dowex 11)
CMC powder
Celluvisc (TN)
Carmellose sodium (JP17)
CHEMBL242021
C.M.C. (TN)
CHEBI:31357
E466
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000)
D01544
Acétate de sodium - hexose (1:1:1) [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Natriumacetat -hexose (1:1:1) [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Sodium acetate - hexose (1:1:1) [ACD/IUPAC Name]
[9004-32-4] [RN]
9004-32-4 [RN]
C.M.C. [Trade name]
CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, SODIUM SALT
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium [USP]
Carmellose sodium [JP15]
Celluvisc [Trade name]
cmc
MFCD00081472
CARMINE

Carmine is a natural red dye that is derived from the cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus).
The chemical compound responsible for the red color in carmine is carminic acid.
Carmine has been used as a colorant for various purposes, including food and cosmetics, due to its vibrant and stable red hue.

CAS Number: 1390-65-4
EC Number: 215-724-4
Chemical Formula: C22H20O13



APPLICATIONS


Carmine is extensively used as a natural food colorant, providing a vivid red hue to a variety of products.
Carmine is commonly employed in the coloring of yogurts, ice creams, and fruit juices to enhance their visual appeal.
The cosmetic industry utilizes carmine in the formulation of lipsticks, blushes, and eyeshadows for its intense red pigment.

Carmine is an ingredient in the production of natural dyes for textiles, giving fabrics a rich and durable red color.
Carmine finds applications in the coloring of confectionery items such as candies, chocolates, and fruit-flavored sweets.
Carmine is used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical coatings and oral medications to improve the appearance of tablets and capsules.

Carmine is employed in the creation of artistic paints and pigments, contributing to a spectrum of red tones.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of beverages like fruit punches, sodas, and alcoholic drinks for aesthetic appeal.

Carmine is used in the cosmetic industry for tinting various personal care products, including lotions and creams.
Carmine imparts a deep red color to certain traditional dishes and beverages, particularly in Latin American cuisines.
Carmine is utilized in the production of natural inks and stains for artistic and craft applications.
Carmine is employed in the coloring of jams, jellies, and fruit preserves to enhance their visual attractiveness.

Carmine finds use in the coloring of decorative items such as candles and wax products.
Carmine is incorporated into natural fabric dyes for creating red-colored textiles with a sustainable approach.
Carmine is used in pet food products to enhance the visual appeal of pet treats and kibble.

Carmine is an essential ingredient in the formulation of natural hair dyes for achieving various shades of red.
Carmine is applied in the cosmetic industry for creating red-hued nail polishes and other nail care products.
Carmine is used in the coloring of desserts, including gelatin-based treats and pastry decorations.

Carmine is employed in the production of red-colored markers and art supplies for creative purposes.
Carmine is utilized in the coloring of floral arrangements and botanical displays for decorative purposes.
Carmine finds applications in the formulation of natural colorants for artisanal and handmade soaps.

Carmine is incorporated into natural fabric dyes for creating red-colored garments and accessories.
Carmine is used in the coloring of gourmet foods, such as truffles and specialty chocolates.
Carmine is applied in the cosmetic industry for creating red-tinted skincare and beauty products.
Carmine is used in the coloring of certain alcoholic beverages, contributing to the visual appeal of cocktails and spirits.

Carmine is employed in the coloring of bakery items, including red velvet cakes, pastries, and cookies.
Carmine is utilized in the formulation of red-colored sauces and condiments, adding vibrancy to culinary creations.

Carmine is used in the production of natural red inks for printing and artistic purposes.
Carmine finds applications in the coloring of marzipan, fondant, and decorative elements in cake decorating.
Carmine is applied in the pharmaceutical industry for coloring oral syrups and liquid medications.

Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored cosmetics such as lip glosses, tinted moisturizers, and cream blushes.
Carmine is incorporated into natural colorants for organic and eco-friendly products, aligning with green manufacturing practices.

Carmine is employed in the formulation of red-colored eye drops and ophthalmic solutions.
Carmine finds use in the coloring of specialty teas, herbal infusions, and beverage concentrates.
Carmine is used in the production of red-colored herbal supplements and vitamins.

Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-colored gel capsules for encapsulating pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products.
Carmine is utilized in the creation of red-colored pet shampoos and grooming products.
Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed event decorations, including candles and table centerpieces.
Carmine is employed in the cosmetic industry for creating red-hued face masks and skincare formulations.

Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored wax for crayons and artistic materials.
Carmine is used in the coloring of red-flowered botanical extracts used in natural skincare products.

Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed candies and confectionery for festive occasions.
Carmine is incorporated into natural fabric dyes for producing red-colored textiles in sustainable fashion.

Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored craft supplies, including paints, markers, and colored pencils.
Carmine is employed in the coloring of red-themed promotional products, including pens and merchandise.

Carmine is applied in the formulation of red-colored plant-based alternatives such as vegan candies and desserts.
Carmine finds use in the creation of red-colored ice cream and frozen treats for visual appeal.

Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed cosmetic packaging and product labels.
Carmine is employed in the creation of red-colored educational materials, including markers and learning tools.
Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-themed beauty kits and gift sets for special occasions.

Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed specialty chocolates and truffles.
Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored nutritional supplements, enhancing their visual appeal.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed cocktail mixers and beverage syrups.

Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored gelatin desserts and flavored gelatin products.
Carmine is employed in the formulation of red-colored wax seals for invitations and official documents.
Carmine is incorporated into natural colorants for red-themed artisanal and handmade soaps.

Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed packaging materials for various products.
Carmine finds use in the creation of red-colored botanical inks for calligraphy and artistic purposes.
Carmine is used in the formulation of red-themed potpourri and scented decorative items.

Carmine is employed in the coloring of red-themed culinary oils, adding a visually appealing touch.
Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored lip balms, enhancing the aesthetic appeal of lip care products.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed bath salts and bath bombs for a vibrant bath experience.

Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored sugar sprinkles and cake decorations.
Carmine is incorporated into natural colorants for red-themed candles and scented wax melts.
Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed stationery items, including pens and markers.

Carmine is applied in the formulation of red-themed festive decorations, such as holiday ornaments.
Carmine is employed in the coloring of red-themed event favors, enhancing the overall theme of celebrations.
Carmine finds use in the creation of red-colored nail polishes and nail art products.
Carmine is used in the formulation of red-themed bath and body products, including shower gels and lotions.

Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed party supplies, such as balloons and banners.
Carmine is employed in the creation of red-colored herbal teas and tea blends.
Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed theatrical makeup and costume accessories.

Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored gourmet spices and spice blends.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed floral arrangements for special occasions.
Carmine is incorporated into natural colorants for red-themed eco-friendly packaging materials.

Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed artisanal candles, providing a warm and inviting ambiance.
Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored dessert toppings, such as fruit syrups and coulis.

Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed beauty accessories, including makeup brushes and cosmetic bags.
Carmine is employed in the creation of red-colored artisanal chocolates and chocolate-covered treats.
Carmine is used in the formulation of red-themed beverage powders, enhancing the visual appeal of drink mixes.
Carmine finds use in the coloring of red-themed souvenir items, adding a distinctive touch to memorabilia.

Carmine is applied in the creation of red-colored floral dyes for dyeing flowers and arrangements.
Carmine is employed in the formulation of red-themed playdough and modeling compounds for creative play.
Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed pottery glazes, adding vibrancy to ceramic art.

Carmine is incorporated into natural colorants for red-themed artisanal perfumes and fragrances.
Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored theatrical blood and special effects makeup.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed arts and crafts supplies, including paint and clay.

Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored plant-based beverages, such as hibiscus teas.
Carmine is employed in the coloring of red-themed DIY projects, including homemade candles and soaps.
Carmine finds use in the formulation of red-colored educational materials, including markers and crayons.

Carmine is applied in the creation of red-colored wedding favors, adding elegance to ceremonies.
Carmine is used in the coloring of red-themed bath bombs and bath salts for a visually appealing bath experience.
Carmine is incorporated into natural colorants for red-themed eco-friendly packaging materials.

Carmine finds applications in the formulation of red-colored toy accessories, enhancing playtime experiences.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed decorative fabrics and textiles for home decor.
Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored insect repellents and natural bug sprays.

Carmine is employed in the coloring of red-themed botanical extracts used in herbal remedies.
Carmine finds use in the formulation of red-colored gourmet popcorn seasonings for a flavorful snack.
Carmine is applied in the coloring of red-themed pet accessories, including pet beds and collars.
Carmine is used in the creation of red-colored natural dyes for tie-dye and fabric art projects.


Carmine is used in the following products:
Cosmetics
Personal care products
Perfumes
Fragrances.



DESCRIPTION


Carmine is a natural red dye that is derived from the cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus).
The chemical compound responsible for the red color in carmine is carminic acid.
Carmine has been used as a colorant for various purposes, including food and cosmetics, due to its vibrant and stable red hue.

Carmine is a natural red dye extracted from the cochineal insect.
The vibrant red color of carmine is derived from the chemical compound carminic acid.
Cochineal insects are native to Central and South America and have been used for centuries in traditional dyeing practices.

To obtain carmine, the insects are harvested, dried, and crushed to extract the color.
Carmine is known for its intense and stable red hue, making it a popular choice in various applications.

The use of carmine dates back to ancient civilizations, including the Aztecs and the Mayans.
In contemporary times, carmine is used as a natural colorant in food and beverages.
Carmine is often used in the food industry to impart a rich red color to products such as yogurt, candies, and fruit juices.

Carmine is a common ingredient in cosmetics, providing a vivid red shade in lipsticks, blushes, and eyeshadows.
Carmine is also utilized in textile industries to color fabrics and garments.
Carmine is known for its excellent light and heat stability, making it suitable for a range of applications.
The harvesting and processing of cochineal insects for carmine can be labor-intensive.
The red pigment obtained from carmine is considered a natural alternative to synthetic red dyes.

Carmine has been granted approval for use in certain organic and natural food products.
The deep red color of carmine is often associated with luxury and opulence.
The chemical structure of carminic acid contributes to its stability and resistance to fading.

The traditional method of extracting carmine involves boiling the crushed insects in water.
Carmine is considered a safe and effective coloring agent when used within regulatory guidelines.
The cochineal insects feed on specific cactus plants, and their diet influences the color of the dye.

The use of carmine in food and cosmetics is subject to labeling requirements to inform consumers of its presence.
The bright red hue of carmine is valued in artistic and cultural contexts for its visual impact.
Cochineal farming and carmine production are practices that have sustained indigenous communities for generations.

Carmine is praised for its versatility, offering a natural solution for achieving various shades of red.
The pigment extracted from cochineal insects has been a part of global trade since colonial times.
Carmine remains a sought-after natural colorant, appreciated for its authenticity and historical significance.



PROPERTIES


Color: Deep red to crimson.
Chemical Composition: Carmine is primarily composed of carminic acid, the compound responsible for its red color.
Solubility: soluble in water
Stability: relatively stable under acidic conditions
Heat Stability: heat-stable
Light Stability: good light stability
pH Sensitivity: The color of carmine can be influenced by pH levels, with different shades of red observed under varying acidity.
Natural Origin: cochineal insect



FIRST AID


Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If carmine comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing.
Cut clothing rather than pulling it over the head to minimize further skin exposure.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected skin area with plenty of water and a mild soap for at least 15 minutes.
Use a gentle, non-abrasive soap to avoid skin irritation.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation persists or if a large area of skin is affected, seek medical attention.
Bring the product label or information about the substance to share with medical professionals.


Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes Immediately:
If carmine comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if irritation, redness, or pain persists after rinsing.
Bring the product label or information about the substance to share with medical professionals.


Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
In case of accidental ingestion of carmine, do not induce vomiting.
Rinse the mouth with water if the person is conscious.

Drink Water:
Have the affected person drink a glass of water to help dilute the substance.
Do not give anything by mouth if the person is unconscious or experiencing convulsions.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention, and provide the medical personnel with information about the substance ingested.
If possible, bring the product label or information about the substance.


Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If carmine dust or vapors are inhaled, move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
Ensure proper respiratory protection for the rescuer.

Seek Medical Attention:
If breathing difficulties persist or if symptoms worsen, seek immediate medical attention.
Provide information about the substance to medical professionals.


General First Aid Tips:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE when providing first aid, such as gloves and, if necessary, eye protection.

Never Use Contrary Antidotes:
Do not administer contrary antidotes or home remedies without proper medical advice.

Medical Attention:
Even if symptoms seem mild, seek professional medical attention promptly.
Provide medical professionals with information about the substance and exposure.

Emergency Services:
If there is an emergency, contact local emergency services immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and, if handling large quantities or in dusty environments, respiratory protection.

Avoid Skin Contact:
Minimize direct skin contact with carmine-containing products.
In case of skin contact, wash the affected area with water and mild soap.

Eye Protection:
Wear protective eyewear to prevent eye exposure.
In case of eye contact, rinse eyes immediately with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

Good Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling carmine-containing products, even if gloves are worn.
Avoid touching the face, especially the eyes and mouth, during handling.

Ventilation:
Use adequate ventilation in areas where carmine-containing powders or dust are handled to minimize inhalation exposure.

Avoid Contamination:
Prevent contamination by ensuring that equipment, utensils, and containers used for handling carmine are clean and dry.

Spill Response:
Have appropriate spill response measures in place, including absorbent materials and spill kits.
Train personnel on proper spill response procedures.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers holding carmine-containing products with hazard information and handling precautions.
Follow all labeling requirements according to local regulations.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling carmine-containing products, covering safety procedures, emergency response, and the use of personal protective equipment.

Prohibited Activities:
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where carmine is handled.
Prohibit the use of open flames, sparks, or smoking in the vicinity of carmine.


Storage:

Container:
Store carmine-containing products in tightly sealed containers made of materials compatible with the substance.
Ensure containers are labeled with appropriate hazard information.

Location:
Store carmine in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
Keep away from sources of heat, open flames, and direct sunlight.

Temperature:
Store carmine at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer or within specified temperature limits.
Protect from extreme temperature fluctuations.

Incompatibilities:
Avoid storing carmine with incompatible substances.
Consult the SDS for information on incompatible materials.

Handling Precautions:
Follow proper handling precautions during storage to prevent spills or leaks.
Segregate carmine-containing products from incompatible substances based on storage compatibility.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure the availability of emergency equipment, such as eyewash stations and safety showers, in the storage area.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage areas with appropriate hazard information and access restrictions.
Follow all regulatory requirements for labeling and storing hazardous substances.

Regular Inspections:
Regularly inspect storage areas for signs of leaks, spills, or container degradation.
Address any issues promptly to prevent potential hazards.



SYNONYMS


Natural Red 4
Cochineal Extract
CI 75470
E120 (European food additive number)
Crimson Lake
Natural Red 4
C.I. Natural Red 4
Cochineal Dye
Carminic Acid
Natural Carmine
Cochineal Carmine
Crimson Lake
C.I. 75470
E120 (European food additive number)
Cochineal Lake
Coccineal
CI Natural Red 4
E120(ii) (European food additive number for carminic acid)
Natural Red 4
Carminic Lake
CI Acid Red 14
Cochineal Red
Carmine Lake
C.I. 75470:1
Red Cochineal
Cochineal Red A
E120(i) (European food additive number for cochineal extract)
Red Lake C
Crimson
Natural Scarlet 4
Carminium
C.I. Pigment Red 63
C.I. 75470:2
Red Natural 4
C.I. Natural Red 4, Aluminum Lake
CI 75470:1 (Color Index number)
Red Lake C (Food additive name)
Carminol
Carmoisine
CI Food Red 7
Cocciniglia Red
Carminesk Carmine
Carmine 6B
C.I. Acid Red 51
Coccineal Carmine
Carmine B
Carminic Acid Lake
Crimson Carmine
Red Natural 4 Lake
Cochineal Natural Red 4
Natural Scarlet 4
CI 75470:1 (Color Index number)
C.I. Natural Red 4 Lake
Carmine Lake Extra
Cochineal Carmine Lake
Coccinellin
CI 75470:1 (Food color)
Cochineal Extract
CI Acid Red 14
E120(ii) (European food additive number for carminic acid)
Carmine Red Lake
Natural Red 4 Aluminum Lake
Coccineal Red A
Crimson Lake C
Cochineal Carmine A
CI Natural Red 4 (Color Index number)
Carmine Red Extra
Natural Cochineal Lake
Carmine Lake B
E120 (Food additive number)
CI 75470:1 (European food additive number)
Cochineal Lake Dye
Carmine Lake Powder
Red Cochineal Lake
Coccineal Lake Natural Red 4
Carmoisine
CARNAUBA ACID WAX, N° CAS : 442682-58-8, Nom INCI : CARNAUBA ACID WAX, Agent Absorbant : Absorbe l'eau (ou l'huile) sous forme dissoute ou en fines particules, Agent fixant : Permet la cohésion de différents ingrédients cosmétiques, Agent filmogène : Produit un film continu sur la peau, les cheveux ou les ongles, Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
CARNAUBA WAX
Carnauba wax is a natural wax.
Carnauba Wax comes from the leaves of the Copernicia prunifera palm grown only in Brazil.
Carnauba Wax is yellow in color.


CAS Number: 8015-86-9
EC Number: 232-399-4
MDL Number: MFCD00130724


Carnauba (/kɑːrˈnɔːbə, -ˈnaʊ-, -ˈnuː-, -nɑːˈuː-/; Portuguese: carnaúba [kaʁnaˈubɐ]), also called Brazil wax and palm wax, is a wax of the leaves of the carnauba palm Copernicia prunifera (synonym: Copernicia cerifera), a plant native to and grown only in the northeastern Brazilian states of Ceará, Piauí, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Maranhão and Bahia.


Carnauba Wax is known as the "Queen of Waxes".
In its pure state, Carnauba Wax is usually available in the form of hard yellow-brown flakes.
Carnauba Wax is obtained by collecting and drying the leaves, beating them to loosen the wax, and then refining and bleaching it.


As a food additive, Carnauba Wax's E number is E903.
Carnauba Wax, a natural vegetable wax, is the hardest natural wax with both emollient and moisturizing properties.
As for my car smelling like candy: Carnauba Wax does have a distinctive sweet scent.


Carnauba Wax might be more accurate to say many car waxes and candies smell like carnauba wax.
No abrasives, no harsh cleaners, just a pure protective Carnauba wax.
Carnauba Wax was created to appease the most hardcore car enthusiasts.


Contains the highest grade T1 Brazilian Carnauba wax, for a brilliant showroom shine.
Quick and easy to apply Carnauba Wax, even quicker & easier to remove.
Carnauba Wax leaves no white residue on textured plastic trims or rubbers.


New orange pop top cap, for no mess pouring and matches the orange edged Circle Work applicator and Big Softie cloth you use Carnauba Wax with.
Carnauba Wax seals and provides a more natural based paint protection.
Carnauba Wax enhances paint colour and provides a stunning shine.


Carnauba Wax contains Australian grade UV protectants (tough ones).
Carnauba Wax is no abrasives or harmful silicones.
Carnauba Wax is safe on the latest hardened clear coats.


Carnauba Wax is great for both older enamel and new acrylic paints.
Carnauba Wax is sophisticated optical clarifiers to give your paint extra depth and vibrancy.
Carnauba Wax is nourishing oils to help prevent oxidisation on older paints.


Carnauba wax is a vegetable wax from the leaves of a palm tree (copernicia cerifera) growing in Brazil, a hard natural wax.
Carnauba Wax is usually combined with other natural waxes like beeswax for the right balance of flexibility and gloss.
Carnauba Wax is non-gelling thickener, viscosity enhancer and rheology modifier.


Carnauba Wax has emollient and moisturizing properties and good skin protective properties.
Carnauba Wax is a great vegan alternative to beeswax.
Carnauba Wax is harder than beeswax.


Carnauba Wax is a natural “vegetable” wax derived from the leaves of the Copernicia cerifera botanical, more commonly known as the Carnauba Tree.
During Brazil’s dry season, this Palm, which also goes by the name “The Tree of Life,” protects itself against moisture loss by secreting a coating on both sides of its leaves.


This coating is Carnauba Wax.
Its other common names include Brazil Wax, Ceara Wax, and Palm Wax.
This “Queen of Waxes” is one of the hardest natural waxes and is collected by first sun-drying the collected tree leaves.


Next, the withered leaves are beaten in order to loosen their powdery wax coating, which is yellowish-brown in appearance and which usually falls off in flakes.
Next, these wax flakes are melted, strained, and cooled before they go through the refining and bleaching process.


The colour of the final product is contingent on the age of the leaves as well as the superiority of the processing method, though generally it is yellow or brownish-green.
Carnauba Wax is available in both flake form or powder form, the latter being the most common form.


There are three grades/types of Carnauba Wax: Types 1, 3, and 4 or T1, T3, and T4 for short.
Each grade refers to its various levels of purity.
NDA’s Carnauba Wax is T1 grade.


It ranges in color from pale-yellow to yellow and comes in the form of solid but brittle flakes that exude a sharp but pleasant aroma when melted.
This grade of Carnauba Wax is commonly used to formulate cosmetics and personal care products as well as foods; however, NDA’s products are for topical application only.


Alternatively, Carnauba Wax is also suitable for various industrial purposes, such as creating wood finishes or for waterproofing particular materials.
In 1890, Charles Tainter patented the use of carnauba wax on phonograph cylinders as a replacement for the usual paraffin/beeswax mixture.
Carnauba Wax is commonly found in lipsticks, lip balms, salves, butters and balm


Carnauba wax is a natural wax.
Carnauba Wax comes from the leaves of the Copernicia prunifera palm grown only in Brazil.
Carnauba Wax is obtained by beating the wax off of the dried palm fronds and then refining it for use.


Carnauba Wax is yellow in color.
Carnauba wax is yellow in colour and is native to Brazil.
Carnauba wax is obtained from the carnauba palm leaves (Copernicia cerifera Mart.), a wild tree found mainly in Brazil.


Carnauba wax is composed of fatty acid esters.
Carnauba Wax is a solid at room temperature and is in the form of flakes.
Carnauba Wax has a yellow colour that depends on the degree of purification.


Carnauba Wax melts above 85 ° C.
Carnauba wax is sometimes referred to as the 'queen of waxes'.
Carnauba Wax is also known as Brazil Wax, Ceara Wax and Palm Wax.


As carnauba wax is insoluble in water, it also has great water resistant qualities.
Carnauba Wax plays a significant role in numerous industries.
Products can benefit from different types of wax for adhesive purposes, coatings, sealing and other uses.


One of the many waxes that industries can use for their supply chain and products is carnauba wax.
Carnauba wax serves as a hardening ingredient in wax blends, increases the durability of wax-based polishes and is an important ingredient in all hard wax polish formulations.


Add up to 50% carnauba wax to beeswax for a harder finish and higher gloss when polishing.
You can find many waxes that are beneficial for these uses and that carry multiple properties, making them unique and helpful for products.
Carnauba Wax is among the hardest of natural waxes.


Carnauba Wax is practically insoluble in water or ethyl alcohol.
Carnauba Wax is soluble by heating in ethyl acetate or xylene.
Carnauba wax, also called Brazil wax or ceara wax, vegetable wax obtained from the fronds of the carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera) of Brazil.


The carnauba palm is a fan palm of the northeastern Brazilian savannas, where it is called the “tree of life” for its many useful products.
After 50 years, the tree can attain a height of over 14 metres (45 feet).
It has a dense, large crown of round, light green leaves.


During the regular dry seasons in northern Brazil, the carnauba palm protects its metre-long (three-foot) fronds from loss of moisture by secreting a coat of carnauba wax on the upper and lower leaf surfaces.
The leaves are cut from September to March and left in the sun to dry.


The powdery wax is removed by beating the shriveled leaves, then melted, strained, and cooled.
The final product is yellow or brownish green, depending on the age of the leaves and the quality of processing.
Carnauba Wax consists primarily of esters of long-chain alcohols and acids.


Carnauba Wax has a melting point of about 85 °C (185 °F).
Carnauba wax is obtained from the leaves of the Copernicia prunifera palm.
This palm is endemic to South America and grows in the Ceará region, northeast of Brazil.


Carnauba wax is also known as the queen of waxes, due to its characteristics and countless applications.
Carnauba Wax is recognized too for its shine properties combined with hardness and resistance.
Carnauba Wax is considered as a top-level ingredient for cream and balm making.


Carnauba Wax is produced at high temperatures and makes your creams and balms more durable and smooth.
Also, Carnauba Wax protects and moisturizes your skin.
Carnauba Wax stabilizes the structure of your products and leaves a soft feeling on your skin.


Carnauba wax, also called Brazil wax or ceara wax, a vegetable wax obtained from the fronds of the carnauba tree (Copernicia cerifera) of Brazil.
For decades, automotive purists have used carnauba wax on cars to give them a deep shine.
Known sometimes as Brazil wax or palm wax since it comes from Brazilian palm trees, carnauba wax is the hardest natural wax on Earth.


Only the highest-grade wax is chosen and refined each year for the automotive market.
Some people have switched to synthetic paint sealants because they’re easier to apply and last longer.
But true car guys and gals know there’s still nothing that can match vehicle carnauba wax in terms of a warm, high-gloss shine that also protects against the elements.


Carnauba Wax’s a must for show car regulars, collectors and everyone else who demands the best appearance.
carnauba wax is a vegetable wax obtained from the leaves of a Brazilian palm tree (Copernica cerifera), also known as the “Tree of Life.”
Carnauba wax is the hardest natural wax available.


To use carnauba wax in your recipe, it must be heated to a higher melting point than beeswax.
Carnauba Wax requires a temperature of 180-185 degrees Fahrenheit in order to melt.
Please note that carnauba wax is harder than beeswax which must be taken into consideration when incorporating it into your recipes.


The palm species which our carnauba wax is derived from flourishes naturally in Brazil.
This is not the same species that palm oil is pressed from, and is a tree that grows wildly in native forests.
Once a year the leaves are pruned by hand, and this harvesting practice allows the trees to continue with their natural growth cycles.


There has never been an instance where this tree was considered threatened or a threat to the environment.
The carnauba tree is a fan palm of the northeastern Brazilian savannas, where it is called the “tree of life” for its many useful products.
After 50 years, the tree can attain a height of over 14 metres (45 feet).


It has a dense, large crown of round, light green leaves.
Although it has been planted in Sri Lanka and Africa, as well as other parts of South America, only in northern Brazil does the tree produce wax.
During the regular dry seasons in Brazil, the carnauba palm protects its metre-long (three-foot) fronds from loss of moisture by secreting a coat of carnauba wax on the upper and lower leaf surfaces.


The leaves are cut from September to March and left in the sun to dry.
The powdery wax is removed (by beating the shriveled leaves), then melted, strained, and cooled.
The final product is yellow or brownish green, depending on the age of the leaves and the quality of processing.


Carnauba Wax consists primarily of esters of long-chain alcohols and acids.
Carnauba Wax has a melting point of about 85° C (185° F).
Carnauba Wax is a wax extracted and purified from the leaves of carnaba palm native to northern Brazil.


Carnauba Wax is said that there has been more than 200 years of history.
The light yellow ones collected from young leaves are classified as No. 1, and the light brown ones collected from old leaves are classified as No. 2 (or No. 3).


They are exported to countries worldwide.
Carnauba Wax is a vegetable wax obtained from the leaves of the Brazilian palm tree Copernicia Cerifera.
This naturally derived wax, Carnauba Wax, from Brazil is an ideal additive for DIY candles.


Not only does Carnauba Wax have a high melting point, meaning your candles will last longer, but it also provides a shiny finish and increased resistance to cracking and breaking.
Carnauba wax is an eco-friendly and renewable choice, perfect for those who care about the environment.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CARNAUBA WAX:
Carnauba Wax is used Decorative cosmetics, Body care, Face care, and Lip care.
Carnauba Wax is a product formulated to add a layer of protection to an automotive finish while adding gloss and shine at the same time.
Carnauba waxes come in both paste and liquid formulations with the primary difference simply being the form in which a person prefers.


Carnauba Wax is also used as a vegan alternative.
Valued among the natural waxes for its hardness and high melting temperature, carnauba wax is employed as a food-grade polish and as a hardening or gelling agent in a number of products.


Intended Use of Carnauba Wax: Cosmetic use only.
Carnauba Wax can be used to produce a glossy finish in automobile waxes, shoe polishes, dental floss, and food products.
Commercially, Carnauba Wax is widely used in the cosmetic, body care, food, pharmaceutical, automotive, and other industries.


Carnauba Wax is a wonderful ingredient to use in natural cosmetics and is extremely durable and dries to a glossy finish.
Commonly found in lipsticks and lip balms, Carnauba Wax may also be used in salves, balms, and in any recipe where beeswax is called for.
Carnauba Wax is a great alternative to beeswax, and a crucial ingredient in the vegan cosmetics industry.


Carnauba Wax can be applied by machine, but it does require you to somehow scoop some wax out of the can and then spread it like butter onto the face of a foam buffing pad.
Carnauba wax has emulsifying, thickening, softening, and emollient properties.


Carnauba Wax is ideal for cosmetics such as lip balms and lipstick.
Carnauba wax can be used to add shine and a glossy finish to a variety of products.
Carnauba Wax also helps the texture and structure of products with high melting points or a stiff consistency.


Carnauba Wax is measured by the improvement it brings to the strength or the final consistency of the end product in sectors such as conservation of furniture, furs, surface coatings (paper, wood …), waxes for surface treatment, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Carnauba Wax is extracted from the carnauba palm tree leaves and is a natural wax, used in a wide range of cosmetic products.


The carnauba tree protects itself during the dry seasons in Brazil.
The carnauba tree avoids loss of moisture by secreting a coat of carnauba wax on the upper and lower leaf surface.
The leaves are then dried to produce dried carnauba wax.


Carnauba Wax is both hypoallergenic and emollient, making it well suited to many cosmetic formulations where thickening as well as gloss are required.
Due to its high melt point, Carnauba Wax can help to harden otherwise too-soft lip and body balms.
On its own, Carnauba Wax is a brittle wax, hence it is typically combined with other waxes, primarily beeswax, in formulations.


Carnauba Wax is considered vegan, and has little to no natural scent; because of this, it is very useful in many applications in cosmetics such as lip balms and lotion bars.
Carnauba Wax is worth noting that it is harder than beeswax, and has a higher melting point, so your formulation may need some adjusting to accommodate the change in wax ratios when adding it to existing formulations.


Applications of Carnauba Wax: Lip balm and tube formulations, Lipsticks, Lotion bars, Mascaras, Pomades, Ointments & salves, and Thickener for anhydrous, oil-based serums.
The combination of Carnauba Wax of properties leads to many applications, including use in food, cosmetics, automobile and furniture wax, molds for semiconductor devices, and as a coating for dental floss.


You use products that contain carnauba wax every day, though you may not have known what the ingredient was or where it came from.
Carnauba Wax is one of those extremely useful natural chemicals and renewable resources that doesn't have a synthetic equivalent.
Carnauba Wax can be used as a thickener, viscosity and consistency enhancer in lotions, balms and salves and as a vegan alternative to beeswax.


Carnauba Wax is insoluble in water but is soluble in alcohols and oils.
To incorporate Carnauba Wax in cosmetic formulations, it must first be melted at a temperature of 84 ᵒC (183.20 ᵒF) then incorporated into the oil phases of emulsions.


Among its many applications, carnauba wax it is it is mainly used in food sector and car production.
Valued among the natural waxes for its hardness and high melting temperature, carnauba wax is employed as a vegan food-grade polish and as a hardening or gelling agent in a number of products.


Although Carnauba Wax has been replaced in many applications by cheaper synthetics, it is still common as a component of certain furniture, leather, car, and shoe polishes and is used in cosmetics such as lipsticks.
Carnauba Wax is also used as a polish for candies and medicinal pills, as a thickener for solvents and oils, and as a hardener for printing inks.


Carnauba Wax is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a coating to make tablets easier to swallow.
A very small amount of Carnauba Wax (less than 1/100 of 1% by weight, e.g. 30 grams per 300 kg) is sprinkled onto a batch of tablets after they have been sprayed and dried; they are then tumbled for a few minutes to coat them.


An aerosol mold release agent is formed by dissolving Carnauba Wax in a solvent.
Unlike silicone or PTFE, carnauba is suitable for use with liquid epoxy, epoxy molding compounds (EMC), and some other plastic types, generally enhancing their properties.


Carnauba Wax is not very soluble in chlorinated or aromatic hydrocarbons.
Carnauba Wax is used in melt/castable explosives to produce an insensitive explosive formula such as Composition B, which is a blend of RDX and TNT.
Carnauba wax is used as a glazing agent, bulking agent, acidity regulator and tablet-coating agent.


Carnauba Wax is also used in automobile waxes, shoe polishes, dental floss and food products such as sweets, instrument polishes, floor, furniture waxes, polishes and paper coatings.
Carnauba Wax serves as the main ingredient in surfboard wax.


Further, Carnauba Wax is also used as a mold release agent to produce fiber-reinforced plastics.
Although Carnauba Wax has been replaced in many applications by cheaper synthetics, it is still used as a polish for candies and medicinal pills, as a thickener for solvents and oils, and even as a hardener for printing inks.


Carnauba Wax is the most used wax in plant-derived waxes.
Carnauba Wax is characterized by its very hard and high melting point among natural waxes, and it is excellent in glossiness, mold releasability, emulsifiability and dispersibility.


Carnauba Wax is used for a variety of other purposes, including thermal transfer inks, toners, polishes, and cosmetics.
Due to its high melting point, carnauba wax is ideally used to stabilize and texturize polishes and cosmetics.
Additionally Carnauba Wax can be used as a polishing agent in foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals.


Carnauba Wax also acts as a natural non-gelling thickener and consistency enhancer.
Carnauba wax is available in flakes and spray-dried powder.
Carnauba wax may be a mold release agent for manufacturing fibre-reinforced plastics.



USES OF CARNAUBA WAX:
Carnauba wax is a natural plant wax used in many products and applications.
Carnauba Wax has many unique qualities, from how it’s sourced to some of the applications it’s commonly used for.

1. Carnauba Wax Comes From a Unique Source
Carnauba wax comes from the fronds of a carnauba tree, found in Brazil.
The trees’ leaves are dried and beaten to release the wax, which is then bleached or refined for a variety of uses.
This harvesting process doesn’t harm the tree, and because of its source, carnauba wax is categorized as a natural plant wax.
Some also call this product “palm wax” because of its origins.

2. Carnauba Wax Has Various Properties
Carnauba wax is shiny, which is perfect for giving a glossy look to many products.
Carnauba Wax also has waterproofing qualities when applied to certain products.
Carnauba wax is brittle when used alone, so it is often combined with another wax type.
Carnauba wax has a high melting point around 185 degrees Fahrenheit, which helps the substance be a strong and durable natural wax.

3. Carnauba Wax’s Used in Emulsions
Carnauba wax is a popular wax used in emulsions, which are stable mixtures of one or more waxes in water.
Carnauba Wax emulsion is often used in creams and ointments to thicken them.

4. Carnauba Wax’s Used in Various Polishes
Since carnauba wax is shiny, it is often used in polishes, including car, shoe and floor polish.
Carnauba Wax is also used as a shiny coating on produce, like apples and cucumbers.
The shiny wax, Carnauba Wax, coating does more than just make the floor or fruit look good, it also adds a protective layer.

5. Carnauba Wax Can Be Used in Food
Some are surprised to find that you can eat carnauba wax.
Food-grade varieties are safe to eat and appear in goods like candies from fruit snacks to M&M’S.
Carnauba wax is responsible for keeping these foods from melting and giving them their shine.

Another common food that carnauba wax is used in is cheese.
Hard cheeses benefit from waxes like carnauba, as they protect the cheese and prevent it from spoiling quickly.
After you melt the carnauba, you dip the cheese in the substance or paint it on to cover the entire wheel of cheese.
When it’s time to eat, simply peel off the wax and enjoy!



CHARACTERISTICS OF CARNAUBA WAX:
*Carnauba Wax is naturally derived and is both human-and environmentally-friendly.
*Carnauba Wax is very hard and excellent in glossiness
*Carnauba Wax has a high melting point and a sharp melting point
*Carnauba Wax is an ester wax with excellent compatibility with resins, which is easy to emulsify



BENEFITS OF CARNAUBA WAX:
The best quality carnauba waxes use #1 Grade Pure Brazilian Carnauba Wax.
This is the purest form of wax extracted from Brazilian palm tree Copernicia Cerifera.

Carnauba wax is the hardest naturally according wax and this provides a durable protective coating after application and removal from the finish.
Carnauba wax also creates a slick, smooth surface that helps the exterior of your car to stay clean longer as airborne dirt and pollution are less likely to stick or bond to the surface.

Carnauba wax creates a hydrophobic surface, this means it creates high surface tension and it’s this characteristic that causes water to bead-up and then roll off anytime time it rains taking any accumulated dirt, dust and debris with it.
This high surface tension also makes washing faster and safer as well as making drying the water off the car after the final rinse quicker and easier.



PROPERTIES AND USES OF CARNAUBA WAX:
Carnauba wax has a very high melting point of 82-86 °C (180-187 °F).
Carnauba Wax is harder than concrete and nearly insoluble in water and ethanol.
Carnauba Wax is non-toxic and hypoallergenic.
Carnauba Wax can be polished to a high gloss.



CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CARNAUBA WAX:
Carnauba wax consists of fatty acid esters (80-85%), fatty alcohols (10-16%), acids (3-6%) and hydrocarbons (1-3%).
Carnauba Wax is around 20% esterified fatty diols, 10% methoxylated or hydroxylated cinnamic acid, and 6% hydroxylated fatty acids.



CARNAUBA WAX PROPERTIES:
The exceptionally high melting point of Carnauba Wax makes it ideal for enhancing the thermostability of cosmetic formulations, which preserves their physical or molecular composition when they are subjected to high heat.
With a natural hardness, luster, and water-proofing quality, Carnauba Wax is reputed to be ideal for addition to candles as well as polishes, such as those for furniture or woods.

Its emulsifying, thickening, softening, and emollient properties make Carnauba Wax a popular hypoallergenic additive to cosmetics such as face creams, deodorants, various categories of makeup, and sun-protectant products.
In these products, Carnauba Wax acts as a natural binding agent that stretches their holding power, which increases the length of time that they remain on the skin or hair.

This also makes Carnauba Wax a popular ingredient in hair products, such as styling waxes, as well as in ointments, which need to remain on the skin for long periods of time in order to facilitate wound healing.
Carnauba Wax combines well with several other waxes from plant, animal, and mineral sources, as well as with various resins, whether natural or synthetic.

In any of these combinations, Carnauba Wax boosts the binding properties of ingredients in emulsions, allowing liquids to bind easily with chemical ingredients, particularly oils.
This helps create products with lasting creamy consistencies.

When applied to formulations for stick products, such as deodorants, lipsticks, or stick foundations, the combination of Carnauba Wax with any of these other waxes helps to boost the density of the lipids.
This in turn allows the products to retain their solid structures when they glide smoothly across the skin.

This easy spreadability is what makes Carnauba Wax ideal for incorporation into makeup, as it keeps the form elastic rather than stiff and this yield gives makeup easy application as well as adjustability.
These properties also make Carnauba Wax an ideal depilatory agent for temporarily removing unwanted body hair.



5 FACTS ABOUT CARNAUBA WAX:
Other Uses for Carnauba Wax:
Carnauba wax offers benefits for various industries and applications.
Other than for polishes and emulsions, carnauba wax can be used for:

*Cosmetics:
Carnauba wax is predominantly used to make eyeliners, lipsticks, foundations, skincare products, deodorants and eyeshadows.
Carnauba Wax is also hypoallergenic, which is a great feature for various cosmetic products.

*Pharmaceuticals:
Carnauba wax is used as a tablet-coating substance for various pharmaceutical pills and tablets.

*Leather:
Carnauba wax is beneficial for protecting leather products from water damage.
Carnauba Wax is hydrophobic and is not soluble in water.

*Cars:
Carnauba wax helps protect your car and make it look appealing.
Carnauba Wax can protect your car from the sun’s UV rays, makes car mirrors shine and protects the paint from various outdoor elements.



COMPOSITION OF CARNAUBA WAX:
Carnauba consists mostly of aliphatic esters (40 wt%), diesters of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (21.0 wt%), ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids (13.0 wt%), and fatty alcohols (12 wt%).
The compounds are predominantly derived from acids and alcohols in the C26-C30 range.
It is distinctive for its high content of diesters and its methoxycinnamic acid.
It is sold in grades of T1, T3 and T4 according to its purity level, which is accomplished by filtration, centrifugation and bleaching.



PROPERTIES OF CARNAUBA WAX:
Because it creates a glossy finish, carnauba wax is used in automobile waxes, shoe polishes, dental floss, food products (such as sweets), polishes for musical instruments, and floor and furniture waxes and polishes, especially when mixed with beeswax and turpentine.

Carnauba Wax is commonly used for paper coatings in the United States.
In its purest form, Carnauba Waxwas often used on speedboat hulls in the early 1960s to enhance speed and handling in saltwater.
Carnauba Wax is also the main ingredient in surfboard wax, combined with coconut oil.

Because of its hypoallergenic and emollient properties as well as its gloss, carnauba wax is used as a thickener in cosmetics such as lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, deodorant, and skincare and sun care preparations.
Carnauba Wax is also used to make cutler's resin.

Carnauba Wax is the finish of choice for most briar tobacco smoking pipes, as it produces a high gloss when buffed that dulls with time, rather than flaking off like most other finishes.

Because it is too brittle to be used alone, carnauba wax is often combined with other waxes (principally beeswax) to treat and waterproof leather products, where it provides a high-gloss finish and increases leather's hardness and durability.



IS CARNAUBA WAX VEGAN?
Yes, carnauba wax is vegan friendly.
Carnauba wax is a natural vegetable wax and is derived from the carnauba palm tree.



IS CARNAUBA WAX BETTER THAN BEESWAX?
Carnauba wax is derived from the carnauba tree and beeswax is produced from worker bees.
Carnauba wax is a hard and brittle wax as it has a very high melting point.
Beeswax has a lower melting point and is a softer consistency.

Carnauba wax is often used in cosmetics as it is a natural and vegan material with a high melting point.
Because of this, Carnauba Wax can be used in many different types of products.
Beeswax is a natural wax that has a softer and creamier texture.

Carnauba Wax is a great wax for cosmetics and adds extra moisturising properties.
However, beeswax is not vegan friendly.
Both waxes are great for cosmetic products and have a range of benefits.

Beeswax is suitable for softer cosmetic products and adding moisture.
If you want harder wax or product, carnauba wax is more suited.



PRODUCTION AND EXPORT OF CARNAUBA WAX:
In 2006, Brazil produced 22,409 tons of carnauba wax, of which 14% was solid and 86% was in powder form.
There are 20 to 25 exporters of carnauba wax in Brazil who, after buying it from middlemen or directly from farmers, refine the wax before shipping it to the rest of the world.



CARNAUBA LIQUID WAX:
The majority of carnauba waxes on the market today come in liquid form.
This coincides with the increased growth in the dual action polisher industry.
Today there are literally hundreds of safe, easy to use dual action polishers that car owners have switched over to for detailing their own cars.

The dual action polisher is safe because it won’t put swirls into the paint or burn through the edges or raised body lines when buffing.
Having a carnauba wax in liquid form makes it incredibly easy to machine apply the wax because you can simply pour some wax onto the face of a foam buffing pad.

The dual action polisher makes apply a coat of carnauba wax dramatically faster than old school hand application and the machine does a better job of laying down a thin, uniform layer of wax that will dry faster and wipe off easier as compared to hand applying a traditional paste wax.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CARNAUBA WAX:
Melting Point 80-86°C
Purity Extraction
Moisture: 1,00 % max
Melting Range: 80-86 o C
Insoluble Impurities: 0,20% max
Volatile Matter at 175o C (Including Moisture): 1,00 % max
Acid Value: 02 – 07 mg KOH/g
Saponification Value: 78 – 95 mg KOH/g
Ester Value: 71 – 88 mg KOH/g
Residue Ignition: 0,25 % max
Heavy Metals: 20 μg/g max
Color: 8,00 +/- 1,0 Gardner Scale
Mold: NMT 100 cfu/g
Escherichia Coli: Absent
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Absent
Salmonela: Absent
Staphylococcus Aureus: Absent
Count: NMT 1000cfu/g
Yeast: NMT 100 cfu/g
Physical state: chips

Color: yellow
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point No data available
Melting point: 82–86 °C (180–187 °F) (among the highest of natural waxes; higher than beeswax, 62–64 °C (144–147 °F))
Relative density: ~0.97
Among the hardest of natural waxes
Practically insoluble in water or ethyl alcohol
Soluble by heating in ethyl acetate or xylene
Congealing Point: 78-84 °C
Drop Point: 81-86 °C
Penetration at 25 °C: max. 1 mm
Colour: light yellow
Saponification Value: 80-95 mg KOH/g
Acid Value: 2-7 mg KOH/g



FIRST AID MEASURES of CARNAUBA WAX:
-After inhalation:
Fresh air.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
-After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CARNAUBA WAX:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CARNAUBA WAX:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CARNAUBA WAX:
-Control parameters:
*Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CARNAUBA WAX:
-Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CARNAUBA WAX:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).



SYNONYMS:
Palm wax
Brazil wax




CARNAUBA WAX (PALM WAX)
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of the ‘Copernica Cerifera’ palm tree.
Carnauba wax (palm wax), also known as palm wax, is a natural wax derived from the leaves of the Brazilian palm tree Copernicia prunifera, commonly referred to as the carnauba palm.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) consists primarily of the glycerides of the fatty acids lauric, linoleic and oleic and palmitic acids.

CAS Number: 8021-56-5
EINECS Number: 232-420-7

Carnauba wax (palm wax), also called Brazil wax and palm wax, is a wax of the leaves of the carnauba palm Copernicia prunifera (synonym: Copernicia cerifera), a plant native to and grown only in the northeastern Brazilian states of Ceará, Piauí, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Maranhão and Bahia.
This wax is known for its hardness, high melting point, and glossy finish, making it a versatile ingredient in various applications.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is known as the "Queen of Waxes".
In Carnauba wax (palm wax) is pure state, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is usually available in the form of hard yellow-brown flakes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained by collecting and drying the leaves, beating them to loosen the wax, then refining and bleaching it.

Extractives and their physically modified derivatives.
Refined from the leaves of a Brazilian palm tree these wax flakes can be diluted in turpentine to form a high-gloss varnish.

Also known as Brazil wax or palm wax Carnauba wax is sometimes called ‘the queen of the waxes’; it is of an exceedingly high quality and frequently used in the best polishes and furniture waxes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of a palm tree only found in Brazil and it is said to be one of the hardest natural waxes known to man as well as possessing one of the highest melting points of the natural waxes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is buffed directly onto a surface it produces a high-gloss finish that does not flake off over time, instead becoming dull.

A pure carnauba wax finish tends to be brittle and very difficult to polish once dried, which is why the carnauba wax is usually mixed with beeswax and turpentine to form a high quality wax or polish, depending on the mixture.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is one of the strongest waxes widely available.
Carnauba wax (palm wax)'s also known as Brazilian wax, Cearawax or palm wax.

The wax comes from the leaves of the Carnauba wax (palm wax) tree native to north-eastern Brazil.
The wax is wear-resistant, has a glossy polish and a melting point of approximately 90 °C.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be used as a lubricant for sliding wooden parts and as corrosion protection for metal surfaces.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used across industries from automotive to cosmetics.
The name comes from the Brazilian-Portuguese Carnahuba and the old Tupi karana'iwa.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) was first mentioned in 1648. The wax is used on a larger scale in Brazil since 1810.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) has been in use in Europe since the mid-19th century, in 1846 the wax was exported from Brazil for the first time in large quantities, and from 1890 the first plantations were created.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) consists mostly of aliphatic esters (40 wt%), diesters of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (21.0 wt%), ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids (13.0 wt%), and fatty alcohols (12 wt%).
The compounds are predominantly derived from acids and alcohols in the C26-C30 range.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is distinctive for its high content of diesters and its methoxycinnamic acid.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sold in grades of T1, T3 and T4 according to its purity level, which is accomplished by filtration, centrifugation and bleaching.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm tree, which is native to northeastern Brazil.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is harvested by drying and beating the palm leaves, causing the wax to flake off.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is then collected and processed.
The main components of carnauba wax include esters, fatty acids, and alcohols.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is particularly rich in esters, which contribute to its unique properties.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is a hard, brittle wax with a high melting point, typically around 80 to 86 degrees Celsius (176 to 187 degrees Fahrenheit).
Carnauba wax (palm wax) has a glossy finish and is often referred to as the "queen of waxes" due to its superior properties.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is widely used in the formulation of polishes for wood, leather, and floors.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also a key ingredient in car waxes and shoe polishes, providing a durable and shiny finish.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in cosmetics and personal care products, such as lipsticks, lip balms, mascaras, and creams.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) imparts a glossy texture and helps to stabilize and thicken formulations.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is approved for use in the food industry as a glazing agent for candies, chocolates, and other confectionery items.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides a protective coating and enhances the appearance of the products.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is utilized as a coating for tablets and capsules.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) helps improve the appearance, stability, and shelf life of the pharmaceutical products.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is employed in various industrial applications, such as inks, coatings, and polishes for furniture and floors.

Due to its hardness and high melting point, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the production of certain specialty candles, contributing to a longer burning time and a glossy finish.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is prized for being a natural and renewable resource.
The harvesting of the wax is done in a sustainable manner that does not harm the carnauba palm trees, and the wax itself is biodegradable.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is available in different grades based on its color and purity.
The highest quality is referred to as "Prime Yellow," which has a pale yellow color and is the most desirable for many applications.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of the Carnauba Palm (Copernicia prunifera or Copernicia cerifera) which grows in northeast Brazil, where it is known as the “tree of life” because of the wide variety of its uses.

During the regular dry seasons in Brazil, the leaves exude Carnauba wax (palm wax) to conserve moisture and protect the tree against dehydration.
The leaves are cut and dried in the sun before being beaten to release the Carnauba wax (palm wax), which is then refined by melting, straining and cooling.
Carnauba wax (palm wax), also called Brazil wax and palm wax, is a wax of the leaves of the palm Copernicia prunifera, a plant native to and grown only in the North East Brazil.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm by collecting and drying them, beating them to loosen the wax, then refining and bleaching the wax.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is a natural hard wax with a high melting point, is insoluble in water and has hypoallergenic properties.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides a high gloss finish in formulations, makes products waterproof and wear-resistant.

Due to its unique characteristics Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be used as a key component in many varied applications which include, cosmetics, car polishes, hard wood floor polishes, release agents.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is best for technical applications; due to Carnauba Type 3’s excellent surface shine it is perfect for floor and furniture polishes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is waterproofing properties also make it a favourite for leather treatment, to help maintain rigidity and resilience.

Carnauba is a wax of the leaves of the carnauba palm Copernicia prunifera, a plant native to and grown only in the north-eastern Brazilian states of Piaui Ceara and Rio Grande do Norte.
Because of Carnauba wax (palm wax) is hypoallergenic and emollient properties as well as its gloss, carnauba wax appears as an ingredient in many cosmetics formulas where it is used to thicken lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, deodorant, various skin care preparations, sun care preparations.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm by collecting and drying them, beating them to loosen the wax, then refining and bleaching the wax.

Because Carnauba wax (palm wax) creates a glossy finish, carnauba wax is used in automobile waxes, shoe polishes, dental floss, food products (such as sweets), polishes for musical instruments, and floor and furniture waxes and polishes, especially when mixed with beeswax and turpentine.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is commonly used for paper coatings in the United States.
In its purest form, Carnauba wax (palm wax) was often used on speedboat hulls in the early 1960s to enhance speed and handling in saltwater.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used in some surfboard waxes, possibly in combination with coconut oil.
Because of its hypoallergenic and emollient properties as well as its gloss, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a thickener in cosmetics such as lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, deodorant, and skincare and sun care preparations.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used to make cutler's resin.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is the finish of choice for most briar tobacco smoking pipes, as it produces a high gloss when buffed that dulls with time, rather than flaking off like most other finishes.
Because Carnauba wax (palm wax) is too brittle to be used alone, carnauba wax is often combined with other waxes (principally beeswax) to treat and waterproof leather products, where it provides a high-gloss finish and increases leather's hardness and durability.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a coating to make tablets easier to swallow.

A very small amount (less than 1/100 of 1% by weight, e.g. 30 grams per 300 kg) is sprinkled onto a batch of tablets after they have been sprayed and dried; they are then tumbled for a few minutes to coat them.[citation needed]
In 1890, Charles Tainter patented the use of Carnauba wax (palm wax) on phonograph cylinders as a replacement for the usual paraffin/beeswax mixture.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) mainly consists of esters of long-chain alcohols and acids.

Relative to other natural waxes, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is one of the hardest and has among the highest melting points at around 85 degrees Celsius.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is insoluble in water and ethyl alcohol, but dissolves when heated in ethyl acetate or xylene.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sold in the form of an off-white powder or flakes that range in colour between yellow and brown, depending on the age of the leaves and the level of refining, and is available in grades T1, T3, and T4 (Fatty Grey), which reflect the level of purification achieved after filtration and bleaching.

Type 1 is the highest grade and is produced from the tops of the leaves which lack chlorophyll, making it lighter in colour.
Type 4, the lowest grade, is available in flake form.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sometimes used as an alternative to Beeswax, particularly by vegans and other individuals who choose not to use animal-derived products.

Carnauba wax (palm wax), also called Brazil wax and palm wax, is a hard wax of the leaves of the palm Copernicia prunifera, a plant native to and grown only in the northeastern Brazilian states of Piauí, Ceará, and Rio Grande do Norte.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is known as "queen of waxes" and usually comes in the form of hard yellow-brown flakes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is obtained from the leaves of the carnauba palm by collecting and drying them, beating them to loosen the wax, then refining and bleaching the wax.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) consists mostly of aliphatic esters (40 wt%), diesters of 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (21.0 wt%), ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids (13.0 wt%), and fatty acid alcohols (12 wt%).
Carnauba wax (palm wax)s are predominantly derived from acids and alcohols in the C26-C30 range.
Distinctive for carnauba wax is the high content of diesters as well as methoxycinnamic acid.

Yellow to greenish brown lumps packed in bags or boxes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the manufacture of polished, varnished and insulating compounds. Because of its hypoallergenic and emollient properties as well as its shine, carnauba wax appears as an ingredient in many cosmetics formulas where it is used to thicken lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, deodorant, various skin care preparations, sun care preparations, etc.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used to make Cutler's resin.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is the finish of choice for most briar tobacco or smoking pipes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) produces a high gloss finish when buffed on to wood.
This finish dulls with time rather than flaking off (as is the case with most other finishes used).

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to provide viscosity control, improve workability, and enhance the final product's gloss.
In textiles, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is employed as a finishing agent to enhance the appearance and texture of fabrics.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) may also be used in the leather industry to impart a glossy finish to leather goods.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be utilized in the paper and printing industry as a coating for paper, cardboard, and certain specialty printing inks.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) helps improve the paper's water resistance and provides a polished appearance.
In rubber and plastics processing, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a processing aid and release agent.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) helps prevent sticking during molding processes and provides a shiny surface to the finished products.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sometimes used as a component in formulations for corrosion inhibitors, contributing to protective coatings that resist environmental degradation.
Due to its high melting point and low coefficient of friction, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is effective as a mold release agent in various manufacturing processes, such as molding of rubber and plastics.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be used in the agricultural sector as a coating for fruits to enhance their appearance and provide a protective layer against moisture and contaminants.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is a common ingredient in wood and furniture polishes, providing a long-lasting, glossy finish to wooden surfaces.
In the electrical industry, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used for insulating purposes, providing a protective coating on certain electrical components.

Carnauba wax (palm wax), when modified or emulsified, can serve as an emulsifying agent in formulations, contributing to stability and dispersion of ingredients in various products.
In ceramics, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a glaze or polish to enhance the aesthetic appeal of ceramic products.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sometimes used in the maintenance of firearms to protect metal surfaces from corrosion and provide a polished appearance.

Besides car waxes, Carnauba wax (palm wax) can find applications in the automotive industry in various products, including coatings for exterior trims and detailing products.
The carnauba palm is known as the "Tree of Life" in Brazil because it provides various resources, including carnauba wax.
The harvesting of carnauba wax is sustainable and supports the livelihoods of local communities.

In foods, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, anticaking agent, and surface finishing agent in baked foods and mixes, chewing gum, confections, frostings, fresh fruits and juices, gravies, sauces, processed fruits and juices, soft sweets, Tic Tacs, Altoids, and Swedish Fish.
Although too brittle to be used by itself, carnauba wax is often combined with other waxes (principally beeswax) to treat and waterproof many leather products where it provides a high-gloss finish and increases leather's hardness and durability.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a tablet-coating agent. Adding the carnauba wax aids in the swallowing of tablets for patients.
The wax and tablets are then tumbled together for a few minutes before being discharged from the tablet-coating machine.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sold in several grades, labeled T1, T2, and T4, depending on the purity level.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) can produce a glossy finish and as such is used in automobile waxes, shoe polishes, dental floss, food products such as sweets, instrument polishes, and floor and furniture waxes and polishes, especially when mixed with beeswax and with turpentine.
Use for paper coatings is the most common application in the United States.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) was commonly used in its purest form as a coating on speedboat hulls in the early 60's to enhance speed & aid in handling in salt water environments.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also the main ingredient in surfboard wax, combined with coconut oil.
Because of its hypoallergenic and emollient properties as well as its shine, Carnauba wax (palm wax) appears as an ingredient in many cosmetics formulas where it is used to thicken lipstick, eyeliner, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, deodorant, various skin care preparations, sun care preparations, etc.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used to make cutler's resin.

A mixture of Carnauba wax (palm wax), beeswax, and olive oil is especially effective in removing adhesives.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is the finish of choice for most briar tobacco or smoking pipes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) produces a high gloss finish when buffed on to wood.

This finish dulls with time rather than flaking off (as is the case with most other finishes used).
Carnauba wax (palm wax) comes from the fronds of a carnauba tree, found in Brazil.
The trees’ leaves are dried and beaten to release the wax, which is then bleached or refined for a variety of uses.

This harvesting process doesn’t harm the tree, and because of its source, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is categorized as a natural plant wax.
Some also call this product “palm wax” because of its origins.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is shiny, which is perfect for giving a glossy look to many products.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) also has waterproofing qualities when applied to certain products.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is brittle when used alone, so it is often combined with another wax type.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) has a high melting point around 185 degrees Fahrenheit, which helps the substance be a strong and durable natural wax.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is not very soluble in chlorinated or aromatic hydrocarbons.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in melt/castable explosives to produce an insensitive explosive formula such as Composition B, which is a blend of RDX and TNT.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is an emollient that is also ideal for thickening, softening and emulsifying.

With good hypoallergenic properties, Carnauba wax (palm wax) creates a creamy consistency that helps give structure to products like lipstick so they can be moulded and shaped accordingly.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is indigenous to northern Brazil and can be found along riverbanks and streams.
The tree expels wax through pores in the leaves; this maintains hydration in an equatorial climate.

Colour and quality of this product is determined by the age of the leaves and process of extraction.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is considered the hardest of natural waxes and produces a durable film.
The word Carnauba wax (palm wax) is actually Portuguese although the wax product has a couple of pseudonyms too, one being ‘Brazilian wax’ and the other being ‘palm wax’.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is perhaps the more literal of the two since the substance itself actually comes from the carnauba wax palm tree (copernicia cerifera).
Fittingly, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is called the “queen of waxes” due to its incredible properties and versatile uses.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) itself is produced by drying the leaves of the tree first, then beating them to loosen the small wax particles.

Once collected, they go through a refinement process to achieve the end-product.
In its ‘food grade’ state, Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be eaten and is found in products such as M&Ms as it works well at producing the shiny coating that stops them from melting in your hands.
Carnauba wax (palm wax)’s also often used in cheese production, especially as a coating to lengthen its life.

History and origins:
In 2006, Brazil produced 22,409 tons of Carnauba wax (palm wax), of which 14% was solid and 86% was in powder form.
There are 20 to 25 exporters of Carnauba wax (palm wax) in Brazil who, after buying it from middlemen or directly from farmers, refine the wax before shipping it to the rest of the world.
According to the German television program Markencheck, conditions for many carnauba production workers are quite poor; one Brazilian Labor Ministry official found conditions that could be described as slavery.

Grown in, and native only to, the north-eastern region of Brazil, the Carnauba wax (palm wax) tree proliferates along riverbanks, streams and damp lowlands, and is also known as the “Tree of Life”.
These palms exist in other parts of South America, Africa and Asia, but Carnauba wax (palm wax) is unique to the Brazilian palm, due to Brazil's irregular rainy seasons.

Uses:
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a coating agent for tablets and capsules as it is believed to assist patients to swallow them.
Only a tiny amount of the wax needs to be added to a batch of tablets (less than a hundredth of one percent by weight) prior to tumbling in the tablet-coating machine.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in combination with Beeswax and other waxes to polish and waterproof shoes and other leather products since it is too brittle to be used by itself.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides a glossy finish and increases leather’s hardness, improving its durability.
Often used in mascara due to its ability to volumise, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also often added to lipsticks, lip balms and body butters.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) also crops up in deodorants and is especially appealing to vegans as it’s a good substitute for beeswax.

Carnauba wax (palm wax)’s used in the pharmaceutical industry to coat pills and is also the reason that dental floss tape glides so easily between teeth.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in wax polishes across a wide range of industries, particularly automotive polish, because of its high gloss finish.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used as a thickener for solvents and oils and a mould release agent in the manufacture of plastics.

Other applications include surfboard wax (combined with coconut oil) and explosives.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is widely used in personal care products because of its durable, glossy finish and hypoallergenic and emollient properties.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is an ingredient in skin care and sun care products, as well as acting as a thickening agent in make-up, such as lipstick, lip salves and balms, eye shadow, mascara, eyeliner and foundation.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used in toiletries such as deodorant and dental floss.
Since it’s hydrophobic ( not soluble in water), Carnauba wax (palm wax) is frequently used in the leather industry to protect leather products and prolong their life.
This is, of course, one of the main reasons we use it at FRSH.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) also helps protect the paintwork from UV sun damage as well as producing a superior, incredibly glossy shine.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) produces a high gloss finish when added to furniture and floor waxes, lacquers and polishes, particularly in combination with Beeswax and with turpentine.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used to polish musical instruments and tobacco pipes.

Rather than flaking off like many other finishes, the glossy finish only tends to dull over time.
Although too brittle to be used by itself, carnauba wax is often combined with other waxes (principally beeswax) to treat and waterproof many leather products where it provides a high-gloss finish and increases leather's hardness and durability.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as a tablet-coating agent.

Adding the Carnauba wax (palm wax) aids in the swallowing of tablets for patients.
A very small amount (less than a hundredth of one percent by weight, i.e., 30 grams for a 300 kg batch) is sprinkled onto a batch of tablets after they have been sprayed and dried.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) and tablets are then tumbled together for a few minutes before being discharged from the tablet-coating machine.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) may be used as a mold release agent for manufacturing fibre-reinforced plastics.
An aerosol mold release agent is formed by dissolving it in a solvent.
Unlike silicone or Carnauba wax (palm wax), carnauba is suitable for use with liquid epoxy, epoxy molding compounds (EMC), and some other plastic types, generally enhancing their properties.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is predominantly used to make eyeliners, lipsticks, foundations, skincare products, deodorants and eyeshadows.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also hypoallergenic, which is a great feature for various cosmetic products.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a tablet-coating substance for various pharmaceutical pills and tablets.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is beneficial for protecting leather products from water damage.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is hydrophobic and is not soluble in water.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is a key ingredient in car waxes and polishes.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides a protective and glossy finish to the vehicle's paint, helping to repel water, enhance shine, and protect against environmental elements.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products, such as lipsticks, lip balms, mascaras, and creams.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides texture, gloss, and stability to these products.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is utilized as a coating for tablets and capsules. The wax helps improve the appearance, stability, and swallowability of pharmaceutical products.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is approved for use in the food industry as a glazing agent for candies, chocolates, and other confectionery items.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides a glossy finish and helps prevent sticking.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the formulation of wood and furniture polishes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) enhances the appearance of wooden surfaces, providing a durable and shiny finish.
In the leather industry, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is employed as a finishing agent to give leather goods, such as shoes and bags, a glossy and protective coating.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in various industrial applications, including the formulation of polishes and coatings for surfaces like floors and furniture.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be applied to textiles and fabrics as a finishing agent to improve their texture, appearance, and resistance to water.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the paper and printing industry as a coating for paper and cardboard, providing water resistance and a polished finish.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) serves as a processing aid and release agent in the rubber and plastics industry.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) helps prevent sticking during molding processes.
Carnauba wax (palm wax), with its high melting point, is used in the production of certain specialty candles.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) contributes to a longer burning time and a glossy finish.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sometimes used as a component in formulations for corrosion inhibitors, providing a protective coating against environmental elements.
Due to its high melting point and low coefficient of friction, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is effective as a mold release agent in various manufacturing processes.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) can be used in agriculture as a coating for fruits to enhance their appearance, provide a protective layer, and extend shelf life.
In the electrical industry, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used for insulating purposes, providing a protective coating on certain electrical components.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is sometimes used in the maintenance of firearms to protect metal surfaces from corrosion and provide a polished appearance.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is shiny, it is often used in polishes, including car, shoe and floor polish.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is also used as a shiny coating on produce, like apples and cucumbers.
The shiny wax coating does more than just make the floor or fruit look good, it also adds a protective layer.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to enhance viscosity control, workability, and the final product's gloss.
In textiles, Carnauba wax (palm wax) may be used as a finishing agent to improve the appearance and texture of fabrics.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) can also provide water resistance to certain textiles.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is employed as a component in printing inks and coatings for paper and cardboard.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) enhances print quality and provides a glossy finish.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) acts as a release agent in rubber and plastics processing, preventing sticking during molding and improving the surface finish of the final products.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is utilized in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors, providing a protective coating on surfaces to resist corrosion and environmental degradation.
In ceramics, Carnauba wax (palm wax) may be used as a glazing agent or to achieve a polished finish on ceramic and pottery items.
Due to its high melting point and non-stick properties, Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a mold release agent in various manufacturing processes, including the production of molded items.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is applied to certain fruits as a coating to enhance their appearance, provide a protective layer, and extend shelf life during transportation and storage.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is a common ingredient in metal polishing compounds.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) helps restore and maintain the shine of metal surfaces.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used in the formulation of sealers for concrete and stone surfaces.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) provides a protective coating and enhances the appearance of these materials.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is a traditional ingredient in shoe polishes, contributing to a glossy shine and protective finish on leather shoes.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) may be used in the formulation of crayons and pastels, providing a smooth and durable texture for drawing and coloring.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is employed in woodworking finishes to enhance the appearance of wooden surfaces, including furniture and musical instruments.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is used as a release agent in metal casting processes to facilitate the removal of cast metal items from molds.

Safety Profile:
In Carnauba wax (palm wax) is powdered or finely divided form, carnauba wax may pose a risk of inhalation.
Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of airborne dust particles may irritate the respiratory system.
Carnauba wax (palm wax) is not typically known to cause skin or eye irritation, direct contact with large amounts or prolonged exposure may lead to irritation in some individuals.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is advisable to use personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when handling concentrated forms.
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to certain components present in carnauba wax.
If skin irritation or other allergic reactions occur, discontinue use and seek medical advice.

Carnauba wax (palm wax) is not highly flammable, but like many organic materials, it can burn under certain conditions.
Carnauba wax (palm wax)'s important to take standard precautions to prevent the risk of fire or combustion.

Synonyms:
Copernicia prunifera whole
6EKZ38572S
ARRUDARIA CERIFERA WHOLE
CARNAUBA WAX PALM
CARNAUBA WAX PALM WHOLE
COPERNICIA CERIFERA WHOLE
COPERNICIA PRUNIFERA
COPERNICIA PRUNIFERA (MILL.) H.E.MOORE
CORYPHA CERIFERA WHOLE
PALMA PRUNIFERA WHOLE

CARNAUBA WAX TYPE 3 FLAKE
CARNITINE, N° CAS : 541-15-1, Nom INCI : CARNITINE, Nom chimique : 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt (R)-, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 208-768-0 Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface, Agent nettoyant : Aide à garder une surface propre, Sinergiste de mousse : Améliore la qualité de la mousse produite en augmentant une ou plusieurs des propriétés suivantes: volume, texture et / ou stabilité, Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état, Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation, Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
CAROAT
Caroat per se is a relatively obscure salt, but its derivative called Oxone is of commercial value.
Caroat is produced from peroxysulfuric acid, which is generated in situ by combining oleum and hydrogen peroxide.
Caroate, a white, water-soluble solid, loses less than 1% of its oxidizing power per month.

CAS Number: 37222-66-5
Molecular Formula: H3KO13S3(-4)
Molecular Weight: 346.29
EINECS Number: 609-357-2

Caroat refers to the triple salt 2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4.
Caroat, often referred to as Oxone or MPS (Monopersulfate Compound), is a chemical compound with the molecular formula KHSO5.
Caroat has a longer shelf life than Potassium peroxosulfate.

Caroat is a powerful oxidizing agent and a strong disinfectant.
Careful neutralization of this solution with potassium hydroxide allows the crystallization of the triple salt.
Caroat is used widely for cleaning.

Caroat whitens dentures, oxidizes organic contaminants in swimming pools,[citation needed] and cleans chips for the manufacture of microelectronics.
Caroat is a brand name for a specific product that contains Oxone, often abbreviated as MPS.
Caroat is a white, crystalline powder or granular substance that is used as a strong oxidizing agent and disinfectant in various applications, as mentioned in the previous response.

Caroat is a trademarked name associated with this specific formulation of Oxone, and it's commonly used in swimming pool and spa water treatment, as well as other water purification and sanitation processes.
Caroat or Potassium peroxosulfate is known for its ability to effectively oxidize organic and inorganic contaminants, making it a valuable tool in maintaining water quality, disinfection, and various chemical reactions.

Caroat sulfate (also known as potassium persulfate) is an inorganic compound that is used for a variety of purposes, ranging from industrial to laboratory applications.
Caroat is a white, crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 222.2 g/mol.
Caroat is an oxidizing agent that is used in a variety of chemical reactions and can be used as a catalyst for polymerization and oxidation reactions.

Caroat sulfate has a wide range of applications, from chemical synthesis to environmental remediation.
Caroat is widely used as an oxidizing agent, for example, in pools and spas (usually referred to as monopersulfate or "MPS").
Caroat is the potassium salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid.

Usually Caroat refers to the triple salt known as Potassium peroxosulfate.
The standard electrode potential for Caroat is +1.81 V with a half reaction generating the hydrogen sulfate (pH = 0): HSO5− + 2 H+ + 2 e− → HSO4− + H2O

Caroat is a versatile oxidant in organic synthesis.
Caroat oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids; in the presence of alcoholic solvents, the esters may be obtained.
Internal alkenes may be cleaved to two carboxylic acids (see below), while terminal alkenes may be epoxidized.

Sulfides give sulfones, tertiary amines give amine oxides, and phosphines give phosphine oxides.
Further illustrative of the oxidative power of this salt is the conversion of an acridine derivative to the corresponding acridine-N-oxide.
Caroat sulfate can be synthesized by the oxidation of potassium sulfate with hydrogen peroxide.

The reaction is carried out in an aqueous medium using a catalyst such as manganese dioxide.
The reaction is exothermic and the product is a white crystalline solid.
Caroat per se is a relatively obscure salt, but its derivative called Oxone is of commercial value.

Caroat is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a melting point of around 100°C.
Caroat is highly reactive with most organic compounds and can oxidize a wide range of substances, including sulfides, amines, and alcohols.
Caroat decomposes easily in the presence of heat and moisture and is sensitive to several factors such as temperature, pH, and concentration.

Caroat is a versatile oxidant.
Caroat oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids; in the presence of alcoholic solvents, the esters may be obtained.
Internal alkenes may be cleaved to two carboxylic acids (see below), while terminal alkenes may be epoxidized.
Sulfides give sulfones, tertiary amines give amine oxides, and phosphines give phosphine oxides.

Illustrative of the oxidative power of this salt is the conversion of an acridine derivative to the corresponding acridine-N-oxide
Synthesis of Caroat can be achieved by adding hydrogen peroxide to potassium hydrogen sulfate, followed by the reaction of the resulting compound with potassium hydroxide.
Characterization of Caroat is done using various methods such as X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy.

Caroat Sulfate is an extremely potent oxidizer.
Caroat also may act as a bactericidal agent as treatment of bacterial spores with this agent leads to damage to the spore’s inner membrane.
Plays a role in oxidative halogenation of various carbonyl and ketone compounds.

Caroat can also react with ketones to form dioxiranes, with the synthesis of dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) being representative.
These are versatile oxidising agents and may be used for the epoxidation of olefins.
In particular, if the starting ketone is chiral then the epoxide may be generated enantioselectively, which forms the basis of the Shi epoxidation.

Caroat is a white, crystalline powder that is widely used as an oxidizing agent in various industrial and scientific applications.
Caroat chemical formula is KHSO5 and it is also known by the names Oxone, potassium monopersulfate, and potassium persulfate monohydrate.
Caroat is a powerful oxidant and is commonly used in the production of detergents, disinfectants, and bleaching agents.

Several analytical methods are used to determine the purity and concentration of Caroat.
These methods include gravimetric analysis, titration, and gas chromatography.
Methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) are also used for more advanced analyses.

Caroat and Hydrogen Peroxide in a reaction vessel, Add the catalyst to the reaction mixture, Stir the reaction mixture at a temperature of 50-60°C for 2-3 hours, Cool the reaction mixture to room temperature, Filter the resulting Caroat Sulfate product, Wash the product with water to remove any impurities, Dry the product under vacuum to obtain the final Caroat Sulfate compound.

Caroat has a variety of scientific research applications, including the synthesis of polymers, the oxidation of organic compounds, and the production of pharmaceuticals.
Caroat is also used in the treatment of wastewater and in the decontamination of hazardous materials.
Caroat has been used in the synthesis of polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polymers.

Caroat has also been used in the oxidation of organic compounds, such as alcohols and ketones, and in the production of pharmaceuticals.
Caroat acts as an oxidizing agent, which means it can transfer electrons from one molecule to another.
Caroat is an electron acceptor, which means it can accept electrons from other molecules.

The oxidation of organic compounds occurs when the Caroat accepts electrons from the organic compound and transfers them to oxygen molecules.
This reaction results in the production of water and carbon dioxide.
Caroat is a moderately water and acid soluble Potassium source for uses compatible with sulfates.

Caroat is salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal.
Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides which tend to be insoluble.
Organometallic forms are soluble in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions.

Metallic ions can also be dispersed utilizing suspended or coated nanoparticles and deposited utilizing sputtering targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar cells and fuel cells.
Caroat is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.

Melting point: >70°C (dec.)
Density: 1.12-1.20
solubility: Water (Slightly)
form: Granular Crystalline Powder
color: White
PH: pH:1.4~1.9(50g/l, 25℃)
Water Solubility: 250 G/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Stability: Hygroscopic

The stability is reduced by the presence of small amounts of moisture, alkaline chemicals, chemicals that contain water of hydration, transition metals in any form, and/or any material with which Caroat can react.
Since the decomposition of Caroat is exothermic, the decomposition can self-accelerate if storage conditions allow the product temperature to rise.

Caroat is available in both granular and liquid forms.
By screening, grinding, or compaction/granulation processing, several granular grades (Regular, PS16, and CG) are produced which differ in particle size distribution (Table 3).
Liquid products are specially-formulated to optimize active oxygen stability.

Caroat known as KPMS or Oxone.
Caroat is a white granular product that provides non-chlorinated oxidation in a wide variety of applications such as: industrial processing, pulp and paper production, waste water treatment, industrial and household cleaning, oil and gas production, and denture cleaning.

Caroat made provides a green method for industrial and consumer oxidation needs.
Caroat is a non-chlorinated solution to oxidation needs and is highly stable and easy to use in solution.
Caroat is a component of a triple salt with the formula 2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4 marketed by two companies: Evonik (formerly Degussa) under the tradename Caroat and DuPont under the tradename Caroat—a trade name now part of standard chemistry vocabulary.

Caroat is considered more environmentally friendly than some other disinfectants and oxidizing agents.
When Caroat decomposes, it forms sulfate and oxygen, which are less harmful to the environment compared to the chlorinated compounds produced by chlorine-based disinfectants.
In addition to its role in swimming pool and spa sanitation, Caroat is also used for microbiological control in industrial water treatment systems and cooling towers.

Caroat helps prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms that can lead to biofouling and corrosion.
Caroat is compatible with a wide range of water treatment chemicals and is often used in combination with other water treatment products to achieve the desired water quality.
Caroat is a strong oxidizing agent, meaning it can transfer oxygen atoms to other substances, causing chemical reactions that break down organic and inorganic contaminants.

Caroat can be used to destroy or deactivate a variety of impurities.
When handling Caroat, it is important to follow safety precautions, including wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), as it can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
The use and handling of Caroat are subject to regulations and guidelines established by local and national authorities.

Caroat's essential to follow these regulations to ensure safe and effective use.
Caroat has several biological properties that make it useful in various medical and scientific applications.
Caroat has potent antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties and is used in the production of disinfectants and sterilization agents.

Caroat is known to be an effective sanitizing agent in the food and beverage industry.
Caroat sulfate has a variety of biochemical and physiological effects.
Caroat is used in the treatment of wastewater and in the decontamination of hazardous materials.

Caroat is also used in the synthesis of polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polymers.
Caroat has been used in the oxidation of organic compounds, such as alcohols and ketones, and in the production of pharmaceuticals.
Caroat has been shown to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

The main advantage of using Caroat in laboratory experiments is its low cost and wide availability.
Caroat is also relatively easy to use and can be stored for long periods of time without losing its effectiveness.
However, it is important to note that Caroat is a powerful oxidizing agent and should be handled with care.

Caroat can cause skin irritation and should not be inhaled or ingested.
Caroat has a wide range of potential applications, from chemical synthesis to environmental remediation.
In the future, Caroat could be used to develop new polymers and pharmaceuticals, as well as to develop more efficient methods for wastewater treatment and hazardous material decontamination.

Caroat could also be used to develop new catalysts for oxidation reactions and to develop more efficient methods for the synthesis of organic compounds.
Additionally, Caroat could be used to develop new methods for the production of fuel and energy.

Uses:
Caroat is used anufacture of dry laundry bleaches, detergent-bleach washing compound, scouring powders, plastic dishware cleaners, and metal cleaners; hair-wave neutralizers, pharmaceuticals; general oxidizing reactions.
Caroat is widely used in scientific experiments due to its powerful oxidizing properties.
Caroat is commonly used in the analysis of environmental samples, such as soil, water, and air.

Additionally, Caroat is used in the production of paper and pulp, as well as in the synthesis of various organic compounds.
Caroat can be used in swimming pools to keep the water clear, thus allowing chlorine in pools to work to sanitize the water rather than clarify the water, resulting in less chlorine needed to keep pools clean.
One of the drawbacks of using Caroat in pools is it can cause the common DPD water test for combined chlorine to read incorrectly high.

Moreover, byproducts can be formed during the peroxymonosulfate treatment, which are sometimes even more toxic than the original contaminants.
Caroat is used for bleaching polyamide and cellulose fibers.
However, Caroat is ordinarily used only to clean wool and to reduce its shrinkage.

When Caroat is used to oxidize pool water, it reacts with bather and other organic wastes, which are primarily nitrogen based compounds, to form chloramines.
These by-products have a foul odor and are considered unpleasant.
Caroat also reacts with the nitrogen- based compounds introduced by bathers, but because it does not contain chlorine, does not form chloramines in its oxidation process.

The use of Caroat has increased rapidly due to its inherent stability, the simple handling, the non-toxic nature, the versatility of the reagent and the relatively low cost.
Caroat is used as a non-chlorine shock treatment to oxidize organic contaminants, such as algae, bacteria, and ammonia, in swimming pools and hot tubs.
Caroat helps to maintain water clarity and quality without the harshness of chlorine.

Caroat is employed in the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater to break down organic pollutants and reduce the environmental impact of discharged water.
Caroat is used as an oxidizing agent in various chemical reactions, particularly in laboratories and industrial processes.
Caroat can be used to initiate or accelerate chemical reactions that involve the transfer of electrons.

Some laundry detergents contain Caroat to enhance stain removal and fabric whitening.
Caroat can be used as a disinfectant for various applications, including sterilization in the medical and healthcare industry.
Caroat is used as a non-chlorine shock treatment to sanitize swimming pools and hot tubs.

Caroat helps oxidize and eliminate organic contaminants, such as algae, bacteria, and ammonia, maintaining water clarity and quality without the strong smell or irritation associated with chlorine.
Caroat is employed in both industrial and municipal wastewater treatment systems to break down organic pollutants.
Caroat helps reduce the environmental impact of discharged water by oxidizing harmful substances.

Caroat is used as a strong oxidizing agent to initiate or accelerate chemical reactions that involve the transfer of electrons.
Caroat can be employed in various organic and inorganic synthesis reactions.
Some laundry detergents contain Caroat to enhance stain removal and fabric whitening.

Caroat helps break down and remove organic stains and residues from clothing.
Caroat can be used as a disinfectant for various applications, such as sterilization in the medical and healthcare industry.
Caroat is effective at killing bacteria and viruses.

In cooling towers and other industrial water systems, Caroat is used to prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms, reducing biofouling and corrosion.
Caroat is utilized in the cleaning industry for removing stains and dirt from carpets and upholstery.
Caroat can be used in the pulp and paper industry to bleach and deink paper products.

Caroat can be employed for the disinfection and sterilization of dental and medical instruments.
Caroat may be used to clean and treat drilling fluids in the oil and gas sector.
In aquaculture systems, such as fish farms, Caroat can be used to disinfect water and control the growth of algae and harmful microorganisms, contributing to healthier fish and water quality.

Caroat can be employed for sanitizing equipment, containers, and surfaces in the food and beverage industry to ensure hygiene and prevent contamination.
Laboratories may use Caroat for disinfecting lab equipment, glassware, and surfaces to maintain a sterile environment for experiments and research.
In household cleaning products and professional mold and mildew removers, Caroat can help eliminate these fungi from various surfaces.

Caroat is used in textile processing for desizing, scouring, and bleaching textiles, helping to remove impurities and achieve desired levels of whiteness.
Caroat is sometimes used in environmental monitoring and testing to measure the presence of specific pollutants.
In certain air and water purification systems, Caroat can be used to remove odors and contaminants through oxidation.

Caroat can be utilized in wound care to help disinfect and promote healing of minor cuts and abrasions.
Caroat may be used to disinfect equipment, irrigation systems, and soil to control the spread of plant diseases.
Caroat is used in analytical chemistry for various chemical tests and analyses due to its oxidizing properties.

Toxicity and Safety Profile:
Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the toxicity and safety of Caroat in animal and human models.
While it is generally considered to be non-toxic at low concentrations, prolonged exposure to high concentrations of Caroat has been shown to cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and eye damage.
Therefore, proper safety precautions should be taken while handling Caroat in scientific experiments.

Synonyms:
10361-76-9
Caroat
MPS
Caroat
Caroat
potassium monopersulfate
CAROPAN TQ
Caropan TQ is a dipeptide formed from L-threonine and L-glutamine residues.
Caropan TQ has a role as a metabolite.
Corapan TQ by Symrise is a photostabilizer and a multifunctional oil-soluble emollient.

CAS: 96337-79-0
MF: C9H17N3O5
MW: 247.25

Synonyms
H-THR-GLN-OH;L-Threonyl-L-glutamine;THR-GLN;(S)-5-Amino-2-((2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanamido)-5-oxopentanoic acid;TQ;H-THR-GLN-OH;96337-79-0;L-threonyl-L-glutamine;threonylglutamine;(S)-5-Amino-2-((2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanamido)-5-oxopentanoic acid;TQ dipeptide;threonyl-glutamine;T-Q Dipeptide;Threoninylglutamine;Threoninyl-Glutamine;L-Thr-L-Gln;L-Threoninyl-L-Glutamine;Threonine Glutamine dipeptide;Threonine-Glutamine dipeptide;SCHEMBL2492394;CHEBI:74855;MFCD00057941;CS-W012682;HY-W011966;DA-64290;Q27144965;(S)-5-Amino-2-((2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanamido)-5-oxopentanoicacid;(2S)-2-[(2S,3R)-2-AMINO-3-HYDROXYBUTANAMIDO]-4-CARBAMOYLBUTANOIC ACID;(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid

Caropan TQ is a safe and effective cosmetic oil that confers photostability to sun care formulations.
By using 2 to 5% in a formulation that contains the UVA filter butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane Caropan TQ has been demonstrated there is a dramatic improvement in performance of the system.
Caropan TQ is an excellent solvent for solid UV filters.
Corapan TQ confers photostability to butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDM) in sun care formulations.
Caropan TQ is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that includes many important human pathogens.
Caropan TQ is the most common cause of food poisoning, and can be fatal if not treated.

Caropan TQ causes necrotizing enteritis in infants, who have less resistance to the toxins produced by this bacterium.
The pathogenesis of C. perfringens has been shown to involve proteolytic activity, which breaks down proteins into smaller parts, and autocatalytic activity, which releases enzymes from within the cell to digest its own peptidoglycan layer.
Proteolytic activity has also been shown to be involved in the development of cancer and other diseases such as atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
There are numerous interventions available for preventing or treating clostridium infections: chlorate, streptomycin, penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, fluoroquinolones such as

Caropan TQ Chemical Properties
Melting point: >208°C (subl.)
Storage temp.: −20°C
Solubility: Water (Slightly)
Form: Solid
Color: White to Off-White

Synthesis Analysis
The synthesis of Caropan TQ involves various enzymes and pathways.
For instance, a study on tea plants (Camellia sinensis) roots revealed that in the intermediate products of Lys, Thr, and Met synthesis from aspartate, the expression of ASA dehydrogenase (CsASADH) and aspartate kinase (CsAK) showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. Another study showed that tRNAs can be sheared and fragmented into small non-coding RNAs, also known as tRNA-derived small RNAs (tDRs), which have been shown to be essential for regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and immunity.

Chemical Reactions Analysis
Caropan TQ undergoes various chemical reactions, particularly in biological systems.
For instance, in a bacterial cell surface adhesin, Caropan TQ ester bond cross-links are generated autocatalytically by a serine protease-like mechanism .
Carrageenan
carrageenan 8619930501651;3,6-anhydro-d-galactan;aubygelgs;KAPPA-CARRAGEENAN (TYPE I);CARRAGEENAN;CARRAGENAN, SODIUM;CARRAGEENAN SODIUM;CARRAGEENAN TYPE I CAS NO: 9000-07-1
CARROT EXTRACT

Carrot Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the roots of the Daucus carota plant, known for its rich content of beta-carotene, antioxidants, and vitamins A, C, and E.
Carrot Extract is recognized for its ability to nourish the skin, promote a healthy complexion, and protect against oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to skincare formulations.
This versatile extract offers both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, helping to maintain healthy, youthful, and radiant skin.

CAS Number: 84929-61-3
EC Number: 284-545-1

Synonyms: Carrot Extract, Daucus Carota Extract, Carrot Root Extract, Carrot Oil Extract, Carrot Juice Extract, Beta-Carotene Extract, Carrot Antioxidant Extract, Daucus Carota Root Extract, Carrot Skin Care Active, Carrot Moisturizing Extract, Carrot Phytoextract, Carrot Phytocomplex, Carrot Bioactive Extract, Carrot Herbal Extract, Carrot Vitamin Complex, Carrot Root Bioactive



APPLICATIONS


Carrot Extract is extensively used in the formulation of anti-aging creams, providing antioxidants that help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Carrot Extract is favored in the creation of brightening serums, where it helps to even skin tone and improve radiance.
Carrot Extract is utilized in the development of moisturizers, offering nourishing and protective benefits for dry and mature skin.

Carrot Extract is widely used in the production of sun care products, where it provides protection against UV-induced oxidative stress and promotes skin repair.
Carrot Extract is employed in the formulation of eye creams, offering nourishment and gentle care for the delicate skin around the eyes.
Carrot Extract is essential in the creation of facial oils, providing rich hydration and antioxidant protection for all skin types.

Carrot Extract is utilized in the production of body lotions, offering deep hydration and antioxidant protection for dry, aging, or environmentally stressed skin.
Carrot Extract is a key ingredient in the formulation of after-sun products, providing soothing, hydrating, and reparative benefits for sun-exposed skin.
Carrot Extract is used in the creation of facial masks, providing intensive nourishment and revitalization for dull and tired skin.

Carrot Extract is applied in the formulation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports skin hydration and radiance.
Carrot Extract is employed in the production of calming creams, providing soothing and protective care for sensitive and irritated skin.
Carrot Extract is used in the development of hand creams, providing antioxidant protection and moisture for dry, rough hands.

Carrot Extract is widely utilized in the formulation of scalp treatments, promoting healthy hair and scalp hydration.
Carrot Extract is a key component in the creation of lip care products, offering hydration and protection for soft, smooth lips.
Carrot Extract is used in the production of soothing gels, providing instant relief from irritation and offering antioxidant care.

Carrot Extract is employed in the formulation of skin repair creams, providing reparative benefits that help restore damaged or aging skin.
Carrot Extract is applied in the creation of daily wear creams, offering balanced hydration, antioxidant protection, and anti-aging benefits.
Carrot Extract is utilized in the development of nourishing body butters, providing rich hydration and skin-soothing properties.

Carrot Extract is found in the formulation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports skin health and improves skin resilience.
Carrot Extract is used in the production of anti-aging serums, providing deep hydration and antioxidant care that helps to maintain youthful-looking skin.
Carrot Extract is a key ingredient in the creation of multipurpose balms, providing versatile care for sensitive areas such as lips, hands, and face.

Carrot Extract is widely used in the formulation of anti-inflammatory skincare products, offering soothing and protective benefits for sensitive skin.
Carrot Extract is employed in the development of sun care products, providing antioxidant protection and hydration for sun-exposed skin.
Carrot Extract is applied in the production of hydrating serums, offering nourishment and skin-protective benefits for all skin types.

Carrot Extract is utilized in the creation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports skin health and reduces oxidative stress.
Carrot Extract is found in the formulation of sensitive skin repair treatments, providing targeted care for areas prone to irritation and discomfort.
Carrot Extract is used in the production of sun care products, providing antioxidant protection and hydration that preserves skin health.



DESCRIPTION


Carrot Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the roots of the Daucus carota plant, known for its rich content of beta-carotene, antioxidants, and vitamins A, C, and E.
Carrot Extract is recognized for its ability to nourish the skin, promote a healthy complexion, and protect against oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to skincare formulations.

Carrot Extract offers additional benefits such as improving skin texture, boosting skin radiance, and providing a protective barrier against environmental damage.
Carrot Extract is often incorporated into formulations designed to provide comprehensive care for dry, mature, and environmentally stressed skin, offering both immediate and long-term benefits.
Carrot Extract is recognized for its ability to enhance the overall health and appearance of the skin, leaving it smooth, radiant, and rejuvenated.

Carrot Extract is commonly used in both traditional and innovative skincare formulations, providing a reliable solution for maintaining healthy, youthful skin.
Carrot Extract is valued for its ability to support the skin's natural protective mechanisms and its nourishing properties, making it a key ingredient in products that aim to promote skin health.
Carrot Extract is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of products, including creams, lotions, serums, and oils.

Carrot Extract is an ideal choice for products targeting dry, mature, and environmentally stressed skin, as it provides gentle yet effective nourishment and protection.
Carrot Extract is known for its compatibility with other skincare actives, allowing it to be easily integrated into multi-functional formulations.
Carrot Extract is often chosen for formulations that require a balance between nourishment, protection, and radiance-boosting care, ensuring comprehensive skin benefits.

Carrot Extract enhances the overall effectiveness of personal care products by providing antioxidants, hydration, and skin protection in one ingredient.
Carrot Extract is a reliable ingredient for creating products that offer a pleasant user experience, with noticeable improvements in skin moisture levels, radiance, and texture.
Carrot Extract is an essential component in innovative skincare products that stand out in the market for their performance, safety, and ability to nourish and protect the skin.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: N/A (Natural extract)
Common Name: Carrot Extract (Daucus Carota Root Extract)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow to orange liquid or powder
Density: Approx. 1.00-1.05 g/cm³ (for liquid extract)
Melting Point: N/A (liquid or powder form)
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohols; insoluble in oils
Flash Point: >100°C (for liquid extract)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low (for liquid extract)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Carrot Extract is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Carrot Extract is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Carrot Extract to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Carrot Extract.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite) and collect for disposal.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

Storage:
Store Carrot Extract in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of vapors and direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where vapors may be present.
CASCARA SAGRADA BARK EXTRACT

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the dried bark of the Rhamnus purshiana tree, known for its detoxifying and soothing properties.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is recognized for its ability to support skin detoxification, improve skin tone, and provide soothing benefits, making it a valuable addition to skincare and wellness formulations.
This versatile extract offers both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, helping to maintain healthy, clear, and balanced skin.

CAS Number: 84650-55-5
EC Number: 283-637-9

Synonyms: Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract, Rhamnus Purshiana Bark Extract, Cascara Extract, Sacred Bark Extract, Purshiana Bark Extract, Cascara Sagrada Detoxifying Extract, Rhamnus Bark Extract, Cascara Bioactive Extract, Cascara Phytocomplex, Cascara Herbal Extract, Cascara Skin Care Active, Rhamnus Phytoextract, Cascara Purshiana Bark Extract, Cascara Bark Active



APPLICATIONS


Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is extensively used in the formulation of detoxifying creams, where it helps purify and cleanse the skin while improving the complexion.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is favored in the creation of calming serums, where it helps to soothe irritated skin and promote detoxification.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is utilized in the development of moisturizing creams, offering purifying and soothing properties for sensitive skin.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is widely used in the production of anti-inflammatory treatments, where it helps to calm irritated or reactive skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is employed in the formulation of wellness creams, helping to balance hormonal skin concerns and detoxify skin affected by environmental pollutants.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is essential in the creation of face masks, providing deep-cleansing benefits that purify pores and reduce skin impurities.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is utilized in the production of scalp treatments, offering detoxifying and balancing benefits for the scalp and promoting healthy hair.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a key ingredient in the formulation of acne treatments, where it helps detoxify the skin, reduce inflammation, and prevent breakouts.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is used in the creation of protective serums, where it enhances skin detoxification and promotes a clear, radiant complexion.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is applied in the formulation of facial oils, offering detoxifying and balancing care for congested or oily skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is employed in the production of body lotions, providing purifying and soothing benefits for skin prone to impurities.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is used in the development of calming creams, offering deep relief and detoxifying care for sensitive and reactive skin.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is widely utilized in the formulation of prebiotic skincare products, supporting the skin’s microbiome while offering detoxifying and balancing benefits.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a key component in the creation of anti-aging serums, providing detoxifying and antioxidant benefits that help to preserve youthful skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is used in the production of lip care products, providing detoxifying and protective benefits for soft, clear lips.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is employed in the formulation of hand creams, offering balancing and detoxifying benefits that promote healthy skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is applied in the creation of daily wear creams, offering detoxifying and protective benefits for everyday use.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is utilized in the development of skin repair treatments, providing detoxifying and purifying care for damaged or irritated skin.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is found in the formulation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports detoxification and skin clarity.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is used in the production of soothing gels, providing instant relief from irritation and promoting detoxification.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a key ingredient in the creation of multipurpose balms, providing versatile detoxifying care for sensitive areas such as lips, hands, and face.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is widely used in the formulation of detoxifying skincare products, offering purifying and protective benefits for oily and congested skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is employed in the development of nourishing body butters, offering rich hydration and detoxifying benefits for dry, rough skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is applied in the production of anti-aging serums, offering detoxifying and antioxidant benefits that help to maintain youthful-looking skin.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is utilized in the creation of facial oils, offering detoxifying care that supports skin health and reduces oxidative stress.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is found in the formulation of sensitive skin repair treatments, providing targeted care for areas prone to irritation and discomfort.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is used in the production of sun care products, offering detoxifying protection and hydration that preserves skin health.



DESCRIPTION


Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the dried bark of the Rhamnus purshiana tree, known for its detoxifying and soothing properties.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is recognized for its ability to support skin detoxification, improve skin tone, and provide soothing benefits, making it a valuable addition to skincare and wellness formulations.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract offers additional benefits such as improving skin texture, balancing oil production, and promoting a clear complexion, ensuring long-lasting detoxification and clarity.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is often incorporated into formulations designed to purify, balance, and detoxify congested or oily skin, offering both immediate and long-term benefits.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is recognized for its ability to enhance the overall health and appearance of the skin, leaving it smooth, clear, and radiant.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is commonly used in both traditional and innovative skincare formulations, providing a reliable solution for maintaining clear, balanced skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is valued for its ability to support the skin's natural detoxifying processes, making it a key ingredient in products that aim to cleanse and purify the skin.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of products, including creams, lotions, serums, and oils.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is an ideal choice for products targeting oily, congested, and environmentally stressed skin, as it provides gentle yet effective detoxifying and balancing care.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is known for its compatibility with other skincare actives, allowing it to be easily integrated into multi-functional formulations.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is often chosen for formulations that require a balance between detoxification, protection, and soothing care, ensuring comprehensive skin benefits.

Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract enhances the overall effectiveness of personal care products by providing detoxifying, purifying, and protective benefits in one ingredient.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is a reliable ingredient for creating products that offer a pleasant user experience, with noticeable improvements in skin clarity, tone, and texture.
Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is an essential component in innovative skincare products that stand out in the market for their performance, safety, and ability to purify and balance the skin.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: N/A (Natural extract)
Common Name: Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract (Rhamnus purshiana Bark Extract)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow to brown liquid or powder
Density: Approx. 1.00-1.05 g/cm³ (for liquid extract)
Melting Point: N/A (liquid or powder form)
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohols; insoluble in oils
Flash Point: >100°C (for liquid extract)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low (for liquid extract)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite) and collect for disposal.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

Storage:
Store Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of vapors and direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where vapors may be present.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract at temperatures between 15-25°C as recommended by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Containers:
Use approved containers made of compatible materials.
Check for leaks or damage in storage containers regularly.

Separation:
Store Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizers.

Handling Equipment:
Use dedicated equipment for handling Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract to avoid cross-contamination.
Ensure all handling equipment is in good condition.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas.
Follow all applicable local regulations regarding the storage of cosmetic ingredients.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response equipment and materials readily available, including spill cleanup materials, fire extinguishers, and emergency eyewash stations.

CASEIN
CASEIN, N° CAS : 9000-71-9, Nom INCI : CASEIN, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 232-555-1, Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface, Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
CASSIA NOMAME EXTRACT

Cassia Nomame Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the Cassia nomame plant, known for its diuretic, antioxidant, and weight management properties.
Cassia Nomame Extract is recognized for its ability to support fat metabolism, reduce water retention, and protect the skin from oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to both wellness and skincare formulations.
This versatile extract offers both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, helping to maintain balanced, healthy, and radiant skin.

CAS Number: 85085-25-2

Synonyms: Cassia Nomame Extract, Cassia Nomame Herb Extract, Cassia Herb Extract, Fat-Blocking Cassia Extract, Flavonoid Extract, Weight Management Cassia Extract, Cassia Phytoextract, Cassia Herbal Extract, Cassia Bioactive Extract, Cassia Skin Care Active, Nomame Extract, Cassia Leaf Extract, Flavonoid Nomame Extract, Natural Diuretic Cassia Extract, Slimming Cassia Extract



APPLICATIONS


Cassia Nomame Extract is extensively used in the formulation of weight management supplements, offering natural fat-blocking properties that assist in controlling fat absorption.
Cassia Nomame Extract is favored in the creation of detoxifying creams, where it helps to cleanse and purify the skin while supporting fat metabolism.
Cassia Nomame Extract is utilized in the development of skincare products, providing antioxidant protection that helps to neutralize free radicals and protect the skin.

Cassia Nomame Extract is widely used in the production of slimming body lotions, where it helps to reduce water retention and promote a firmer appearance of the skin.
Cassia Nomame Extract is employed in the formulation of wellness creams, providing diuretic and detoxifying benefits that support healthy skin and body.
Cassia Nomame Extract is essential in the creation of facial serums, where it helps to balance oil production and reduce oxidative stress.

Cassia Nomame Extract is utilized in the production of scalp treatments, providing antioxidant and detoxifying care for healthy hair growth.
Cassia Nomame Extract is a key ingredient in the formulation of slimming body gels, where it supports fat metabolism and helps to tone the skin.
Cassia Nomame Extract is used in the creation of anti-aging products, where it provides antioxidant protection and helps to maintain a youthful complexion.

Cassia Nomame Extract is applied in the formulation of facial oils, offering antioxidant and detoxifying care that supports skin clarity.
Cassia Nomame Extract is employed in the production of body lotions, providing all-over antioxidant protection and promoting skin detoxification.
Cassia Nomame Extract is used in the development of calming creams, where it helps to soothe irritated skin while offering fat metabolism support.

Cassia Nomame Extract is widely utilized in the formulation of slimming creams, where it provides diuretic and fat-blocking properties that help reduce the appearance of cellulite.
Cassia Nomame Extract is a key component in the creation of wellness-focused skincare products, where it supports detoxification and promotes a healthy skin barrier.
Cassia Nomame Extract is used in the production of lip care products, providing antioxidant protection and hydration for soft, smooth lips.

Cassia Nomame Extract is employed in the formulation of hand creams, offering antioxidant and detoxifying care that helps to maintain skin softness and reduce signs of aging.
Cassia Nomame Extract is applied in the creation of daily wear creams, offering balanced hydration, antioxidant protection, and fat metabolism support for everyday use.
Cassia Nomame Extract is utilized in the development of skin repair treatments, providing intensive antioxidant care that helps to restore and protect damaged or aging skin.

Cassia Nomame Extract is found in the formulation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports detoxification and reduces oxidative stress.
Cassia Nomame Extract is used in the production of soothing gels, providing instant relief from irritation while promoting detoxification.
Cassia Nomame Extract is a key ingredient in the creation of multipurpose balms, providing versatile care for sensitive areas such as lips, hands, and face.

Cassia Nomame Extract is widely used in the formulation of slimming skincare products, offering detoxifying and fat-blocking benefits that help reduce the appearance of cellulite.
Cassia Nomame Extract is employed in the development of nourishing body butters, offering rich hydration and detoxifying benefits for dry, rough skin.
Cassia Nomame Extract is applied in the production of anti-aging serums, offering deep hydration and antioxidant care that helps to maintain youthful-looking skin.

Cassia Nomame Extract is utilized in the creation of facial oils, offering detoxifying care that supports skin health and reduces oxidative stress.
Cassia Nomame Extract is found in the formulation of sensitive skin repair treatments, providing targeted care for areas prone to irritation and discomfort.
Cassia Nomame Extract is used in the production of wellness products, providing antioxidant and fat metabolism support that promotes a healthy body and skin.



DESCRIPTION


Cassia Nomame Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the Cassia nomame plant, known for its diuretic, antioxidant, and weight management properties.
Cassia Nomame Extract is recognized for its ability to support fat metabolism, reduce water retention, and protect the skin from oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to wellness and skincare formulations.

Cassia Nomame Extract offers additional benefits such as improving skin texture, promoting fat metabolism, and providing protection against environmental stressors.
Cassia Nomame Extract is often incorporated into formulations designed to detoxify, balance, and firm the skin, offering both immediate and long-term benefits.
Cassia Nomame Extract is recognized for its ability to enhance the overall health and appearance of the skin, leaving it smooth, firm, and rejuvenated.

Cassia Nomame Extract is commonly used in both traditional and innovative skincare formulations, providing a reliable solution for maintaining clear, balanced, and firm skin.
Cassia Nomame Extract is valued for its ability to support the skin's natural detoxifying and fat metabolism processes, making it a key ingredient in products that aim to cleanse, tone, and protect the skin.
Cassia Nomame Extract is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of products, including creams, lotions, serums, and oils.

Cassia Nomame Extract is an ideal choice for products targeting oily, congested, and environmentally stressed skin, as it provides gentle yet effective detoxifying and fat-blocking care.
Cassia Nomame Extract is known for its compatibility with other skincare actives, allowing it to be easily integrated into multi-functional formulations.
Cassia Nomame Extract is often chosen for formulations that require a balance between detoxification, protection, and firming care, ensuring comprehensive skin and body benefits.

Cassia Nomame Extract enhances the overall effectiveness of personal care products by providing fat-blocking, antioxidant, and detoxifying benefits in one ingredient.
Cassia Nomame Extract is a reliable ingredient for creating products that offer a pleasant user experience, with noticeable improvements in skin tone, firmness, and texture.
Cassia Nomame Extract is an essential component in innovative skincare products that stand out in the market for their performance, safety, and ability to firm and protect the skin.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: N/A (Natural extract)
Common Name: Cassia Nomame Extract (Cassia nomame Extract)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow to brown liquid or powder
Density: Approx. 1.00-1.05 g/cm³ (for liquid extract)
Melting Point: N/A (liquid or powder form)
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohols; insoluble in oils
Flash Point: >100°C (for liquid extract)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low (for liquid extract)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Cassia Nomame Extract is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Cassia Nomame Extract is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Cassia Nomame Extract to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Cassia Nomame Extract.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb with inert material (e.g.,

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response equipment and materials readily available, including spill cleanup materials, fire extinguishers, and emergency eyewash stations.

Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate tools and containers to handle large amounts of Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract safely.

Spill Cleanup Procedures:
If a spill occurs, absorb the liquid extract with inert material such as sand, vermiculite, or similar, and collect for proper disposal. For solid extract, sweep or vacuum it into an appropriate waste disposal container. Always clean the affected area thoroughly after a spill.

Disposal Considerations:
Dispose of waste material in accordance with local, regional, or international regulations. Do not allow large quantities of Cascara Sagrada Bark Extract to enter water systems or sewage.

Fire Hazards:
This product is non-flammable but may emit toxic fumes if involved in a fire. Use standard firefighting measures and protective gear when combating fires involving this extract. Extinguish using water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers.

CASSIA TORA SEED EXTRACT

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the seeds of the Cassia tora plant, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is recognized for its ability to improve skin hydration, promote skin healing, and protect against oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to skincare and wellness formulations.
This versatile extract offers both therapeutic and cosmetic benefits, helping to maintain healthy, calm, and radiant skin.

CAS Number: 84961-57-9
EC Number: 284-984-1

Synonyms: Cassia Tora Seed Extract, Cassia Occidentalis Seed Extract, Foetid Cassia Extract, Cassia Tora Seed Bioactive, Senna Tora Extract, Cassia Tora Phytocomplex, Cassia Tora Seed Herbal Extract, Foetid Cassia Phytoextract, Cassia Tora Seed Active, Cassia Tora Skin Care Active



APPLICATIONS


Cassia Tora Seed Extract is extensively used in the formulation of moisturizing creams, offering deep hydration and soothing relief for dry and sensitive skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is favored in the creation of calming serums, where it helps reduce redness, soothe irritated skin, and protect against oxidative damage.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is utilized in the development of face masks, providing hydration and anti-inflammatory benefits for a refreshed complexion.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is widely used in the production of anti-aging creams, where it provides antioxidants that protect the skin from environmental stress and prevent premature aging.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is employed in the formulation of eye creams, offering gentle hydration and soothing care for the delicate skin around the eyes.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is essential in the creation of body lotions, offering all-over hydration and protection for dry, irritated skin.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is utilized in the production of scalp treatments, providing hydration and soothing relief for sensitive and dry scalps.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a key ingredient in the formulation of hand creams, offering hydration and antioxidant protection for soft, smooth hands.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is used in the creation of facial oils, providing nourishing care that supports skin hydration and reduces oxidative stress.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is applied in the formulation of anti-inflammatory creams, providing soothing relief for reactive and sensitive skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is employed in the production of sun care products, where it protects the skin from UV-induced oxidative damage and soothes sun-exposed skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is used in the development of calming creams, offering hydration and soothing care for sensitive and irritated skin.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is widely utilized in the formulation of scalp treatments, promoting scalp health and reducing irritation.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a key component in the creation of prebiotic skincare products, supporting the skin’s microbiome while providing hydration and soothing benefits.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is used in the production of lip care products, providing hydration and antioxidant protection for soft, smooth lips.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is employed in the formulation of daily wear creams, offering balanced hydration, protection, and antioxidant benefits for everyday use.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is applied in the development of skin repair treatments, offering intensive care that helps restore and protect damaged or irritated skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is utilized in the creation of multipurpose balms, providing versatile care for sensitive areas such as lips, hands, and face.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is found in the formulation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports skin hydration and improves skin resilience.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is used in the production of soothing gels, providing instant relief from irritation and dehydration.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a key ingredient in the creation of body butters, providing rich hydration and antioxidant protection for dry, rough skin.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is widely used in the formulation of anti-inflammatory skincare products, offering soothing and protective benefits for sensitive skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is employed in the development of nourishing body butters, providing hydration and protection for dry and aging skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is applied in the production of anti-aging serums, providing deep hydration and antioxidant care that helps to maintain youthful-looking skin.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is utilized in the creation of facial oils, offering nourishing care that supports skin health and reduces oxidative stress.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is found in the formulation of sensitive skin repair treatments, providing targeted care for areas prone to irritation and discomfort.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is used in the production of sun care products, offering antioxidant protection and hydration that preserves skin health.



DESCRIPTION


Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a natural botanical ingredient derived from the seeds of the Cassia tora plant, known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-soothing properties.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is recognized for its ability to improve skin hydration, promote skin healing, and protect against oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to skincare and wellness formulations.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract offers additional benefits such as improving skin texture, reducing skin sensitivity, and providing a protective barrier against environmental stress.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is often incorporated into formulations designed to provide comprehensive care for dry, sensitive, and environmentally stressed skin, offering both immediate and long-term benefits.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is recognized for its ability to enhance the overall health and appearance of the skin, leaving it smooth, hydrated, and rejuvenated.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is commonly used in both traditional and innovative skincare formulations, providing a reliable solution for maintaining healthy, hydrated skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is valued for its ability to support the skin's natural protective mechanisms and its soothing properties, making it a key ingredient in products that aim to calm and hydrate the skin.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of products, including creams, lotions, serums, and oils.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract is an ideal choice for products targeting dry, sensitive, and environmentally stressed skin, as it provides gentle yet effective hydration and antioxidant protection.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is known for its compatibility with other skincare actives, allowing it to be easily integrated into multi-functional formulations.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is often chosen for formulations that require a balance between hydration, protection, and soothing care, ensuring comprehensive skin benefits.

Cassia Tora Seed Extract enhances the overall effectiveness of personal care products by providing antioxidants, hydration, and skin protection in one ingredient.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is a reliable ingredient for creating products that offer a pleasant user experience, with noticeable improvements in skin moisture levels, comfort, and texture.
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is an essential component in innovative skincare products that stand out in the market for their performance, safety, and ability to soothe and protect the skin.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: N/A (Natural extract)
Common Name: Cassia Tora Seed Extract (Cassia tora Seed Extract)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow to brown liquid or powder
Density: Approx. 1.00-1.05 g/cm³ (for liquid extract)
Melting Point: N/A (liquid or powder form)
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohols; insoluble in oils
Flash Point: >100°C (for liquid extract)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low (for liquid extract)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Cassia Tora Seed Extract is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Cassia Tora Seed Extract is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Cassia Tora Seed Extract to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Cassia Tora Seed Extract.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Use appropriate personal protective equipment during cleanup.
Ensure that spilled material does not enter drains or watercourses.
Clean the affected area thoroughly to prevent residue buildup.

Disposal Considerations:
Dispose of waste material and contaminated packaging in accordance with local, regional, or international regulations.
Do not release large quantities of Cassia Tora Seed Extract into the environment, water systems, or sewage.

Fire Hazards:
Cassia Tora Seed Extract is non-flammable, but it may emit toxic fumes if involved in a fire.
Use standard firefighting procedures when addressing fires involving this extract.
Use water spray, foam, carbon dioxide (CO2), or dry chemical extinguishers to extinguish any fire near or involving this extract.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of vapors and direct contact with skin and eyes.
Ground and bond containers during transfer to prevent static electricity buildup.


Storage Conditions:

Temperature:
Store Cassia Tora Seed Extract at temperatures between 15-25°C in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, heat sources, and direct sunlight.

Containers:
Ensure that containers are sealed tightly to prevent contamination.
Use approved, compatible containers for storage and transportation.

Separation:
Store Cassia Tora Seed Extract away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers.
Check containers regularly for signs of leaks or damage.

Handling Equipment:
Use dedicated equipment for handling Cassia Tora Seed Extract to avoid cross-contamination.
Inspect all handling equipment regularly to ensure proper function and safety.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas and ensure that all applicable local regulations regarding the storage of cosmetic ingredients are followed.
Ensure emergency response materials such as fire extinguishers, spill cleanup kits, and emergency eyewash stations are readily accessible.

CASTOR OIL
Castor Oil Castor oil, also known as castor wax, is a hardened vegetable wax produced from pure castor oil through the chemical process of hydrogenation. When hydrogen is introduced to pure castor oil in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the resulting product becomes waxy, highly viscous, and more saturated.Castor oil is an ingredient prevalently found in many cosmetics, varnishes, and polishes. You most likely use it on a daily basis. Unlike pure castor oil, which is said to have a slightly offensive smell, it is completely odorless. Castor oil is also insoluble in water.But why hydrogenate castor oil when the pure oil works so well for so many different applications? What is the purpose of hydrogenating castor oil, exactly? ydrogenated Castor Oil, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature. It is odorless and insoluble in water. Historically, ancient Egyptians used castor oil as fuel for their lamps. Castor oil has also been used as a lubricant in machine and aircraft engines, and is added to certain paints, dyes and varnishes as well. Ingestion of pure castor oil works as a laxative to treat constipation. Castor oil is a hard brittle, high melting point waxy substance with faint characteristic of fatty wax odor and is tasteless. It is compatible with beeswax, carnauba and candelilla wax. It is relatively insoluble in most organic solvents though it will dissolve in a number of solvents and oils at an elevated temperature but on cooling will form gels or a paste like mass. It forms a smooth, stable anionic emulsion with emulsifiers and triethanolamine stearate. It can also be emulsified with a cationic emulsifying agent, making emulsions that are also stable. It is mainly used in plastics, textiles, lubricants etc.As a pharmaceutical grade inactive ingredient, castor oil is used to emulsify and solubilize oils and other water-insoluble substances. A brand name product that contains castor oil is Cremophor and it contains a range of non-ionic polyethoxylated detergents. It was originally developed for use as solubilizers and emulsifiers. This research grade product is intended for use in R&D and development only. Castor oil (castor wax) is also used an extended release agent; stiffening agent; tablet and capsule lubricant. Castor oil has been used as a stimulant laxative to relieve occasional constipation, but it is rarely used today due to gentler and safer alternatives. The purpose of the hydrogenation process is to improve castor oil's melting point, texture, odor, and shelf-life.Once hydrogenated, the resulting castor oil product is comprised of hard, brittle flakes. Castor oil is considered an organic ingredient, as well as a vegan one, as it is vegetable-derived.One application of Castor oil is to improve certain cosmetic products. You can add the flakes to cosmetic formulations until thoroughly melted. In this capacity, Castor oil acts as an emollient and a thickener; increasing the viscosity of creams, ointments, and lotions when their composition is too runny. Castor oil also stabilizes cosmetics that come in stick-form (like lipstick) and increases these products' melting points, making for a more stable product. In part thanks to Castor oil, it's not the end of the world if we leave a tube of red lipstick in a hot car! Castor oil means our lipsticks maintain a solid structure even when they're pushed to the limit, and our deodorant doesn't crumble as we apply it.Castor oil is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In the baby diaper cream and lotion it provides a protective barrier of the lotion/cream on the skin. In all cases, because Castor oil is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. Castor oil is especially present in these types of products when something requires resistance to moisture and oils, such as in polishes, varnishes, and paints. Castor oil, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature. It is odorless and insoluble in water. Castor oil is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In all cases, because Castor oil is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. Castor oil has a long history of safe use in personal care products. PEG 40 Castor oil is the Polyethylene Glycol derivatives of Castor oil, and it functions as a surfactant, a solubilizer, an emulsifier, an emollient, a cleansing agent, and a fragrance ingredient when added to cosmetics or personal care product formulations. Castor oil is soluble in both water and oil and is traditionally used to emulsify and solubilize oil-in-water formulations. Its foam-enhancing properties make it ideal for use in liquid cleansers, and its soothing and softening emollient quality makes it a popular addition to formulations for moisturizers and hair care cosmetics. As a surfactant, PEG 40 Castor oil helps to decrease the surface tension between multiple liquids or between liquids and solids. Furthermore, it helps to remove the grease from oils and causes them to become suspended in the liquid. This makes it easier for them to be washed away and lends this ingredient popularity in facial and body cleansers. As an occlusive agent, PEG 40 Castor oil creates a protective hydrating layer on the skin's surface, acting as a barrier against the loss of natural moisture. Castor oil to cosmetics formulations, it can be blended in its cold state directly into the oil phase at a suggested ratio of 3:1 (PEG 40 Castor oil to oil). Next, this can be added to the water phase. If the formula is cloudy, the amount of PEG 40 Castor oil may be increased for enhanced transparency. Castor oil Raw Material without the medical advice of a physician. This product should always be stored in an area that is inaccessible to children, especially those under the age of 7. Castor oil Raw Material in 1 tsp of a preferred Carrier Oil and applying a dime-size amount of this blend to a small area of skin that is not sensitive. PEG 40 Castor oil must never be used near the inner nose and ears or on any other particularly sensitive areas of skin. Potential side effects of PEG 40 Castor oil include the itching, PEG-30 Castor Oil, PEG-33 Castor Oil, PEG-35 Castor Oil, PEG-36 Castor Oil and PEG-40 Castor Oil are polyethylene glycol derivatives of castor oil. PEG-30 Castor oil and PEG-40 Castor oil are polyethylene glycol derivatives of Castor oil. PEG-36 Castor Oil is a light yellow and slightly viscous liquid with a mild fatty odor. PEG-40 Castor Oil is an amber-colored liquid. PEG Castor Oils and PEG Castor oils are used in the formulation of a wide variety of cosmetics and personal care products. Castor oil is the polyethylene glycol derivatives of Castor oil, and is an amber colored, slightly viscous liquid that has a naturally mildly fatty odor. It is used in cosmetics and beauty products as an emulsifier, surfactant, and fragrance ingredient, according to research. Accordingly, Castor oil is principally 12-hydroxystearic triglyceride. Castor oil (HCO) or castor wax is used in capacitors, coatings and greases, cosmetics, electrical carbon paper, lubrication, polishes, and where resistance to moisture, oils and other petrochemical products is required. Castor wax is also useful as a top coat varnish for leather, wood & rubber. 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid (12-HSA) is obtained by the hydrolysis of Castor oil, 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid is a high melting, brittle, waxy solid at ambient temperatures and should be stored away from heat to avoid deterioration. A non-toxic, non-hazardous material, it has limited solubility in many organic solvents and is insoluble in water. It is used in lithium and calcium greases, and in the manufacture of acrylic polymers, as an internal lubricant for plastic mouldings, coatings for automotive, equipment, appliances and architectural applications. We are proud to boast industry leading products suitable for a wide array of application and product requirements. We believe industry leading customer service, delivery and innovation allow us to meet our ever increasing client demands. Castor oil is a wax-like hydrogenated derivative of castor oil. Castor oil has many industrial applications. Castor wax, also called Castor oil, is an opaque, white vegetable wax. It is produced by the hydrogenation of pure castor oil often in the presence of a nickel catalyst to increase the rate of reaction. The hydrogenation of castor oil forms saturated molecules of castor wax; this saturation is responsible for the hard, brittle and insoluble nature of the wax. HCO (chemical name: Castor oil), also known as castor wax, is a very common oleochemical product that has many industrial and manufacturing applications. What is Castor oil? HCO is a hard, wax-like substance extracted from castor oil beans. There is also a petroleum-based formula of Hydrogenated Caster Oil known as PEG-40. The Castor oil chemical formula of this material is C57H110O9(CH2CH2O)n. Hydrogenation refers to a chemical process where an unsaturated compound is combined with hydrogen to produce saturation. In the case of HCO, this increases the oil’s stability and raises its melting point, transforming it into a solid at room temperature.Castor oil is insoluble in water and most types of organic solvents. This makes HCO extremely valuable in the manufacturing of lubricants and industrial greases. However, HCO is soluble in hot solvents. It also has the ability to resist water while retaining its polarity, lubricity and surface wetting capabilities. Castor oil is also an extremely safe, non-toxic material that is suitable for use in personal care products and soaps. To learn more about HCO safety, please review the Castor oil SDS (Safety Data Sheet).Acme-Hardesty is a reliable source for Castor oil. We offer a complete selection of Castor Oil and Derivatives such as Ricinoleic Acid, 12HSA, #1 Castor Oil, HCO and several others. We are known for being one of the largest and oldest Castor Oil importers and distributors found anywhere in the United States. As one of the leading Castor oil suppliers, we can accommodate your company’s Castor Oil needs, whether you require a bulk shipment, a pallet or a full truckload. USES & APPLICATIONS HCO is an extremely versatile oleochemical that has a number of industrial and manufacturing applications:CASE: Because of its excellent resistance to moisture, Castor oil works extremely well as a viscosity modifier, and it also provides significant improvement in grease and oil resistance.Plastics: Castor oil performs the role of a lubricant and release agent for PVC and improves processing, dispersion and grease resistance of sheeted polyethylene. It is also useful in the preparation of various polyurethane coating formulas.Personal Care: There are multiple Castor oil uses in the manufacturing of personal care products, particularly as an emollient and thickening agent in ointments and deodorants, as well as hair care products and certain cosmetics.Waxes: Hydrogenated Caster Oil works as a binding agent in synthetic and petroleum waxes, as it makes the wax harder and more resistant to crumbling.Soaps and Detergents: Castor oil is sometimes used as an emulsifying agent in liquid soaps and detergents to enhance the stability of the liquid formula.Textiles: HCO makes an effective processing agent in various textile manufacturing applications. What does it do? Castor oil is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In all cases, because Castor oil is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. In monolithic tablets, the core is either prepared by direct compression or by wet granulation followed by coating the core with water impermeable materials on all the faces except the face which is in contact with the mucosa. Water-impermeable materials include Teflon, ethyl cellulose, cellophane, Castor oil, and so on. Such a system begins unidirectional drug flow toward the mucosa and avoids drug loss [163]. The results of Kurihara et al. (1996) indicate that Castor oil (HCO)-60 emulsions, when compared with conventional lecithin-stabilized emulsions, are more stable to LPL and show low uptake by RES organs, long circulations in the plasma and high distribution in tumors. Lin et al. (1992) confirmed that Castor oil-60 is a good emulsifier for the preparation of NE with better stability and prolonged and selective delivery properties. Thus, these sterically stabilized NEs could show potential as effective carriers for highly lipophilic antitumor agents to enhance the drug delivery in tumors. This was confirmed by Sakaeda et al. (1994) who found that the rate of selective delivery of Sudan II to liver, lungs, and spleen could be suppressed by using Castor oil-60-based NE. Conversely, the use of saturated MCT in NE was the most effective way to increase blood concentration of Sudan II, resulting in higher distribution to liver, lungs, spleen, and brain (Sakaeda and Hirano, 1995). Furthermore, an o/w-type NE containing Castor oil-60 was shown to be superior in the selective distribution of adriamycin-HCl to the liver and in decreasing concentration in heart and kidney (Yamaguchi et al., 1995). Again, Ueda et al. (2003) reported the effect of using a series of Castor oils having different oxyethylene numbers such as Castor oil10, Castor oil 20, Castor oil 30, Castor oil 60, and Castor oil 100 on the pharmacokinetics of menatetrenone (vitamin K2) incorporated in SO (SO)–based NE in rats. Plasma half-life of menatetrenone after administration as the NE prepared by Castor oil with 10 oxyethylene units (SO/Castor oil 10) was similar to that after the administration as SO/egg yolk phosphatides (SO/EYP), but was shorter than that as the NEs prepared by Castor oils with >20 oxyethylene units (SO/Castor oil 20, SO/Castor oil 30, SO/Castor oil 60, and SO/Castor oil 100). These findings clearly demonstrate that 20 oxyethylene units in Castor oils are the minimum requirement for the prolongation of the plasma circulation time of the incorporated drug in SO/Castor oils NEs. The earlier described studies suggest the involvement of oil or structured lipids in the enhancement of systemic circulation of the NE. Castor oil is a multi-purpose vegetable oil that people have used for thousands of years. It’s made by extracting oil from the seeds of the Ricinus communis plant. These seeds, which are known as castor beans, contain a toxic enzyme called ricin. However, the heating process that Castor oil undergoes deactivates it, allowing the oil to be used safely. Castor oil has a number of medicinal, industrial and pharmaceutical uses. It’s commonly used as an additive in foods, medications and skin care products, as well as an industrial lubricant and biodiesel fuel component. In ancient Egypt, Castor oil was burned as fuel in lamps, used as a natural remedy to treat ailments like eye irritation and even given to pregnant women to stimulate labor. Today, Castor oil remains a popular natural treatment for common conditions like constipation and skin ailments and is commonly used in natural beauty products. Here are 7 benefits and uses of Castor oil. 1. A Powerful Laxative Perhaps one of the best-known medicinal uses for Castor oil is as a natural laxative. It’s classified as a stimulant laxative, meaning that it increases the movement of the muscles that push material through the intestines, helping clear the bowels. Stimulant laxatives act rapidly and are commonly used to relieve temporary constipation. When consumed by mouth, Castor oil is broken down in the small intestine, releasing ricinoleic acid, the main fatty acid in Castor oil. The ricinoleic acid is then absorbed by the intestine, stimulating a strong laxative effect. In fact, several studies have shown that Castor oil can relieve constipation. For example, one study found that when elderly people took Castor oil, they experienced decreased symptoms of constipation, including less straining during defecation and lower reported feelings of incomplete bowel movements. While Castor oil is considered safe in small doses, larger amounts can cause abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea (4Trusted Source). Although it can be used to relieve occasional constipation, Castor oil is not recommended as a treatment for long-term issues. Castor oil can be used as a natural remedy for occasional constipation. However, it can cause side effects like cramping and diarrhea and should not be used to treat chronic constipation. 2. A Natural Moisturizer Castor oil is rich in ricinoleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid. These types of fats act as humectants and can be used to moisturize the skin. Humectants retain moisture by preventing water loss through the outer layer of the skin. Castor oil is often used in cosmetics to promote hydration and often added to products like lotions, makeup and cleansers. You can also use this rich oil on its own as a natural alternative to store-bought moisturizers and lotions. Many popular moisturizing products found in stores contain potentially harmful ingredients like preservatives, perfumes and dyes, which could irritate the skin and harm overall health. Swapping out these products for Castor oil can help reduce your exposure to these additives. Plus, Castor oil is inexpensive and can be used on the face and body. Castor oil is thick, so it’s frequently mixed with other skin-friendly oils like almond, olive and coconut oil to make an ultra-hydrating moisturizer. Though applying Castor oil to the skin is considered safe for most, it can cause an allergic reaction in some people (6Trusted Source). Castor oil can help lock moisture in the skin. Though this natural alternative to store-bought products is considered safe for most, it can cause allergic reactions in some. 3. Promotes Wound Healing Applying Castor oil to wounds creates a moist environment that promotes healing and prevents sores from drying out. Venelex, a popular ointment used in clinical settings to treat wounds, contains a mixture of Castor oil and Peru balsam, a balm derived from the Myroxylon tree. Castor oil stimulates tissue growth so that a barrier can be formed between the wound and the environment, decreasing the risk of infection. It also reduces dryness and cornification, the buildup of dead skin cells that can delay wound healing (8). Studies have found that ointments containing Castor oil may be especially helpful in healing pressure ulcers, a type wound that develops from prolonged pressure on the skin. One study looked at the wound-healing effects of an ointment containing Castor oil in 861 nursing home residents with pressure ulcers. Those whose wounds were treated with Castor oil experienced higher healing rates and shorter healing times than those treated with other methods (9Trusted Source). Castor oil helps heal wounds by stimulating the growth of new tissue, reducing dryness and preventing the buildup of dead skin cells. 4. Impressive Anti-Inflammatory Effects Ricinoleic acid, the main fatty acid found in Castor oil, has impressive anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have shown that when Castor oil is applied topically, it reduces inflammation and relieves pain. The pain-reducing and anti-inflammatory qualities of Castor oil may be particularly helpful to those with an inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. Animal and test-tube studies have found that ricinoleic acid reduces pain and swelling. One study demonstrated that treatment with a gel containing ricinoleic acid led to a significant reduction in pain and inflammation when applied to the skin, compared to other treatment methods. A test-tube component of the same study showed that ricinoleic acid helped reduce inflammation caused by human rheumatoid arthritis cells more than another treatment. Aside from Castor oil’s potential to reduce inflammation, it may help relieve dry, irritated skin in those with psoriasis, thanks to its moisturizing properties. Although these results are promising, more human studies are needed to determine the effects of Castor oil on inflammatory conditions. Castor oil is high in ricinoleic acid, a fatty acid that has been shown to help reduce pain and inflammation in test-tube and animal studies. 5. Reduces Acne Acne is a skin condition that can cause blackheads, pus-filled pimples and large, painful bumps on the face and body. It’s most common in teens and young adults and can negatively impact self-esteem. Castor oil has several qualities that may help reduce acne symptoms. Inflammation is thought to be a factor in the development and severity of acne, so applying Castor oil to the skin may help reduce inflammation-related symptoms. Acne is also associated with an imbalance of certain types of bacteria normally found on the skin, including Staphylococcus aureus. Castor oil has antimicrobial properties that may help fight bacterial overgrowth when applied to the skin. One test-tube study found that Castor oil extract showed considerable antibacterial power, inhibiting the growth of several bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. Castor oil is also a natural moisturizer, so it may help soothe the inflamed and irritated skin typical in those with acne. Castor oil helps fight inflammation, reduce bacteria and soothe irritated skin, all of which can be helpful for those looking for a natural acne remedy. 6. Fights Fungus Candida albicans is a type of fungus that commonly causes dental issues like plaque overgrowth, gum infections and root canal infections. Castor oil has antifungal properties and may help fight off Candida, keeping the mouth healthy. One test-tube study found that Castor oil eliminated Candida albicans from contaminated human tooth roots. Castor oil may also help treat denture-related stomatitis, a painful condition thought to be caused by Candida overgrowth. This is a common issue in elderly people who wear dentures. A study in 30 elderly people with denture-related stomatitis showed that treatment with Castor oil led to improvements in the clinical signs of stomatitis, including inflammation (17Trusted Source). Another study found that brushing with and soaking dentures in a solution containing Castor oil led to significant reductions in Candida in elderly people who wore dentures (18Trusted Source). Several studies have shown that Castor oil may help fight fungal infections in the mouth caused by Candida albicans. 7. Keeps Your Hair and Scalp Healthy Many people use Castor oil as a natural hair conditioner. Dry or damaged hair can especially benefit from an intense moisturizer like Castor oil. Applying fats like Castor oil to the hair on a regular basis helps lubricate the hair shaft, increasing flexibility and decreasing the chance of breakage. Castor oil may benefit those who experience dandruff, a common scalp condition characterized by dry, flaky skin on the head. Though there are many different causes of dandruff, it has been linked to seborrhoeic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the scalp. Due to Castor oil’s ability to reduce inflammation, it may be an effective treatment for dandruff that is caused by seborrhoeic dermatitis. Plus, applying Castor oil to the scalp will help moisturize dry, irritated skin and may help reduce flaking. The moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties of Castor oil make it an excellent option to keep hair soft and hydrated and help reduce dandruff symptoms. Castor oil Precautions Many people use Castor oil to treat a variety of issues, either by ingesting the oil or applying it to the skin. Although Castor oil is generally considered safe, it can cause adverse reactions and unwanted side effects in some people. Can induce labor: It’s used by medical professionals to induce birth. For this reason, women at all stages of pregnancy should avoid consuming Castor oil. Can cause diarrhea: While it can be an effective way to alleviate constipation, you may get diarrhea if you take too much. Diarrhea can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Can cause allergic reactions: It may cause an allergic reaction in some people when applied to the skin. First try applying a small amount to a tiny patch of skin to see how your body reacts. Castor oil can cause side effects, such as allergic reactions and diarrhea, in some people. It can also induce labor, so pregnant women should avoid it. The Bottom Line People have used Castor oil for thousands of years as a powerful natural treatment for a variety of health issues. It has been shown to help relieve constipation and moisturize dry skin, among many other uses. If you are searching for an affordable, multi-purpose oil to keep in your medicine cabinet, Castor oil may be a good choice. Dehydrated castor oil is an unique drying oil, which imparts good flexibility, fine gloss, toughness, adhesion, chemical and water resistance to the dry paint film with non-yellowing properties. Castor oil is a very suitable and even better substitute for Linseed oil. Paints with Castor oil are super white and offer superior finish. Dehydrated castor oil is used as a primary binder for house paints, enamels, caulks, sealants and inks. In “cooked” varnishes it is combined with all the basic resins, rosins, rosin-esters, hydrocarbons and phenolics to produce clear varnishes and vehicles for pigmented coatings. Castor oil is also used in the manufacturing of lithographic inks, linoleum, putty and phenolic resins. Castor oil is used with phenolics to obtain fast drying coatings with maximum alkali resistance as required in sanitary can lining, corrosion resistant coatings, traffic paints, varnishes, ink vehicles, wire enamels, aluminium paint appliance finishes and marine finishes. Castor oil is also used to obtain fast kettling rate which gives lighter colour and lower acid varnishes. Castor Oil is a release and antisticking agent used in hard candy pro- duction. its concentration is not to exceed 500 ppm. it is used in vitamin and mineral tablets, and as a component of protective coatings. castor oil is a highly emollient carrier oil that penetrates the skin easily, leaving it soft and supple. It also serves to bind the different ingredients of a cosmetic formulation together. Castor oil is high in glycerin esters of ricinoleic acid (an unsaturated fatty acid). It is rarely, if ever, associated with irritation of the skin or allergic reactions. It is obtained through cold-pressing from seeds or beans of the Ricinus communis (castor oil) plant. Impure castor oil may cause irritation, as the seeds contain a toxic substance that is eliminated during processing. Its unpleasant odor makes it difficult to use in cosmetics. PEG-30 castor oil, -30 castor oil (hydrogenated), -40 castor oil, -40 castor oil (hydrogenated) are emollients, detergents, emulsifiers, and oil-in-water solubilizers recommended for fragrance oils, and for other oils that may be difficult to solubilize. The -40 castor oil version is a powerful solubilizer for solubilizing essential oils and perfumes in oil-in-water creams and lotions. It is similar to Peg-30 castor oil but denser, being a soft paste rather than a liquid. The hydrogenated version is particularly used as a nonionic emulsifier for essential oils and perfumes. Castor oil is widely used in cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceutical formulations. In pharmaceutical formulations, castor oil is most commonly used in topical creams and ointments at concentrations of 5–12.5%. However, it is also used in oral tablet and capsule formulations, ophthalmic emulsions, and as a solvent in intramuscular injections. Therapeutically, castor oil has been administered orally for its laxative action, but such use is now obsolete. Castor oil is used in cosmetics and foods and orally, parenterally, and topically in pharmaceutical formulations. It is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material when used as an excipient. Castor oil has been used therapeutically as a laxative and oral administration of large quantities may cause nausea, vomiting, colic, and severe purgation. It should not be given when intestinal obstruction is present. Although widely used in topical preparations, including ophthalmic formulations, castor oil has been associated with some reports of allergic contact dermatitis, mainly to cosmetics such as lipsticks. Castor oil is stable and does not turn rancid unless subjected to excessive heat. On heating at 3008℃ for several hours, castor oil polymerizes and becomes soluble in mineral oil. When cooled to 08℃, it becomes more viscous. Castor oil should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 258℃ in well-filled airtight containers protected from light. Castor oil is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans.[1] Castor oil is a colourless to very pale yellow liquid with a distinct taste and odor. Its boiling point is 313 °C (595 °F) and its density is 0.961 g/cm3.[2] It includes a mixture of triglycerides in which approximately 90 percent of fatty acid chains are ricinoleates. Oleate and linoleates are the other significant components. Castor oil and its derivatives are used in the manufacturing of soaps, lubricants, hydraulic and brake fluids, paints, dyes, coatings, inks, cold resistant plastics, waxes and polishes, nylon, pharmaceuticals and perfumes. Composition Structure of the major component of castor oil: triester of glycerol and ricinoleic acid Castor oil is well known as a source of ricinoleic acid, a monounsaturated, 18-carbon fatty acid. Among fatty acids, ricinoleic acid is unusual in that it has a hydroxyl functional group on the 12th carbon. This functional group causes ricinoleic acid (and castor oil) to be more polar than most fats. The chemical reactivity of the alcohol group also allows chemical derivatization that is not possible with most other seed oils. Because of its ricinoleic acid content, castor oil is a valuable chemical in feedstocks, commanding a higher price than other seed oils. As an example, in July 2007, Indian castor oil sold for about US$0.90 per kilogram (US$0.41 per pound) whereas U.S. soybean, sunflower and canola oils sold for about US$0.30 per kilogram (US$0.14 per pound). Uses Annually 270,000–360,000 tonnes (600–800 million pounds) of castor oil are produced for a variety of uses. Food and preservative In the food industry, food grade castor oil is used in food additives, flavorings, candy (e.g., polyglycerol polyricinoleate or PGPR in chocolate), as a mold inhibitor, and in packaging. Polyoxyethylated castor oil (e.g., Kolliphor EL) is also used in the food industries. In India, Pakistan and Nepal food grains are preserved by the application of castor oil. It stops rice, wheat, and pulses from rotting. For example, the legume pigeon pea is commonly available coated in oil for extended storage. Traditional medicine Advertisement of castor oil as a medicine by Scott & Bowne Company, 19th century Use of castor oil as a laxative is attested to in the circa 1550 BC Ebers Papyrus,[11] and was in use several centuries earlier.[12] The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has categorized castor oil as "generally recognized as safe and effective" (GRASE) for over-the-counter use as a laxative with its major site of action the small intestine, where it is digested into ricinoleic acid. Although used in traditional medicine to induce labor in pregnant women, there is insufficient evidence that castor oil is effective to dilate the cervix or induce labor. Castor oil, or a castor oil derivative such as Kolliphor EL (polyethoxylated castor oil, a nonionic surfactant), is an excipient added to prescription drugs, including: Miconazole, an antifungal agent; Paclitaxel, a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy; Sandimmune (
CASTOR OIL 35 EO -40 EO
CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED ETHOXYLATED, N° CAS : 61788-85-0, Nom INCI : CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED ETHOXYLATED, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 500-147-5. Classification : Composé éthoxylé, Huile hydrogénée, Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques. Castor oil, hydrogenated, ethoxylated; polyethyleneglycol ester of hydrogenated castor oil; Polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil; Polyoxyethylene (10) hydrogenated Castor oil; PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil
CASTOR OIL 40 EO
Castor Oil 40 EO Castor oil 40 EO, also known as castor wax, is a hardened vegetable wax produced from pure Castor oil 40 EO through the chemical process of hydrogenation. When hydrogen is introduced to pure Castor oil 40 EO in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the resulting product becomes waxy, highly viscous, and more saturated.Castor oil 40 EO is an ingredient prevalently found in many cosmetics, varnishes, and polishes. You most likely use it on a daily basis. Unlike pure Castor oil 40 EO, which is said to have a slightly offensive smell, it is completely odorless. Castor oil 40 EO is also insoluble in water.But why hydrogenate Castor oil 40 EO when the pure oil works so well for so many different applications? What is the purpose of hydrogenating Castor oil 40 EO, exactly? ydrogenated Castor oil 40 EO, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature. It is odorless and insoluble in water. Historically, ancient Egyptians used Castor oil 40 EO as fuel for their lamps. Castor oil 40 EO has also been used as a lubricant in machine and aircraft engines, and is added to certain paints, dyes and varnishes as well. Ingestion of pure Castor oil 40 EO works as a laxative to treat constipation. Castor oil 40 EO is a hard brittle, high melting point waxy substance with faint characteristic of fatty wax odor and is tasteless. It is compatible with beeswax, carnauba and candelilla wax. It is relatively insoluble in most organic solvents though it will dissolve in a number of solvents and oils at an elevated temperature but on cooling will form gels or a paste like mass. It forms a smooth, stable anionic emulsion with emulsifiers and triethanolamine stearate. It can also be emulsified with a cationic emulsifying agent, making emulsions that are also stable. It is mainly used in plastics, textiles, lubricants etc.As a pharmaceutical grade inactive ingredient, Castor oil 40 EO is used to emulsify and solubilize oils and other water-insoluble substances. A brand name product that contains Castor oil 40 EO is Cremophor and it contains a range of non-ionic polyethoxylated detergents. It was originally developed for use as solubilizers and emulsifiers. This research grade product is intended for use in R&D and development only. Castor oil 40 EO (castor wax) is also used an extended release agent; stiffening agent; tablet and capsule lubricant. Castor oil 40 EO has been used as a stimulant laxative to relieve occasional constipation, but it is rarely used today due to gentler and safer alternatives. The purpose of the hydrogenation process is to improve Castor oil 40 EO's melting point, texture, odor, and shelf-life.Once hydrogenated, the resulting Castor oil 40 EO product is comprised of hard, brittle flakes. Castor oil 40 EO is considered an organic ingredient, as well as a vegan one, as it is vegetable-derived.One application of Castor oil 40 EO is to improve certain cosmetic products. You can add the flakes to cosmetic formulations until thoroughly melted. In this capacity, Castor oil 40 EO acts as an emollient and a thickener; increasing the viscosity of creams, ointments, and lotions when their composition is too runny. Castor oil 40 EO also stabilizes cosmetics that come in stick-form (like lipstick) and increases these products' melting points, making for a more stable product. In part thanks to Castor oil 40 EO, it's not the end of the world if we leave a tube of red lipstick in a hot car! Castor oil 40 EO means our lipsticks maintain a solid structure even when they're pushed to the limit, and our deodorant doesn't crumble as we apply it.Castor oil 40 EO is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In the baby diaper cream and lotion it provides a protective barrier of the lotion/cream on the skin. In all cases, because Castor oil 40 EO is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. Castor oil 40 EO is especially present in these types of products when something requires resistance to moisture and oils, such as in polishes, varnishes, and paints. Here are 7 benefits and uses of Castor oil 40 EO. 1. A Powerful Laxative Perhaps one of the best-known medicinal uses for Castor oil 40 EO is as a natural laxative. It’s classified as a stimulant laxative, meaning that it increases the movement of the muscles that push material through the intestines, helping clear the bowels. Stimulant laxatives act rapidly and are commonly used to relieve temporary constipation. When consumed by mouth, Castor oil 40 EO is broken down in the small intestine, releasing ricinoleic acid, the main fatty acid in Castor oil 40 EO. The ricinoleic acid is then absorbed by the intestine, stimulating a strong laxative effect. In fact, several studies have shown that Castor oil 40 EO can relieve constipation. For example, one study found that when elderly people took Castor oil 40 EO, they experienced decreased symptoms of constipation, including less straining during defecation and lower reported feelings of incomplete bowel movements. While Castor oil 40 EO is considered safe in small doses, larger amounts can cause abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea (4Trusted Source). Although it can be used to relieve occasional constipation, Castor oil 40 EO is not recommended as a treatment for long-term issues. Castor oil 40 EO can be used as a natural remedy for occasional constipation. However, it can cause side effects like cramping and diarrhea and should not be used to treat chronic constipation. 2. A Natural Moisturizer Castor oil 40 EO is rich in ricinoleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid. These types of fats act as humectants and can be used to moisturize the skin. Humectants retain moisture by preventing water loss through the outer layer of the skin. Castor oil 40 EO is often used in cosmetics to promote hydration and often added to products like lotions, makeup and cleansers. You can also use this rich oil on its own as a natural alternative to store-bought moisturizers and lotions. Many popular moisturizing products found in stores contain potentially harmful ingredients like preservatives, perfumes and dyes, which could irritate the skin and harm overall health. Swapping out these products for Castor oil 40 EO can help reduce your exposure to these additives. Plus, Castor oil 40 EO is inexpensive and can be used on the face and body. Castor oil 40 EO is thick, so it’s frequently mixed with other skin-friendly oils like almond, olive and coconut oil to make an ultra-hydrating moisturizer. Though applying Castor oil 40 EO to the skin is considered safe for most, it can cause an allergic reaction in some people (6Trusted Source). Castor oil 40 EO can help lock moisture in the skin. Though this natural alternative to store-bought products is considered safe for most, it can cause allergic reactions in some. 3. Promotes Wound Healing Applying Castor oil 40 EO to wounds creates a moist environment that promotes healing and prevents sores from drying out. Venelex, a popular ointment used in clinical settings to treat wounds, contains a mixture of Castor oil 40 EO and Peru balsam, a balm derived from the Myroxylon tree. Castor oil 40 EO stimulates tissue growth so that a barrier can be formed between the wound and the environment, decreasing the risk of infection. It also reduces dryness and cornification, the buildup of dead skin cells that can delay wound healing (8). Studies have found that ointments containing Castor oil 40 EO may be especially helpful in healing pressure ulcers, a type wound that develops from prolonged pressure on the skin. One study looked at the wound-healing effects of an ointment containing Castor oil 40 EO in 861 nursing home residents with pressure ulcers. Those whose wounds were treated with Castor oil 40 EO experienced higher healing rates and shorter healing times than those treated with other methods (9Trusted Source). Castor oil 40 EO helps heal wounds by stimulating the growth of new tissue, reducing dryness and preventing the buildup of dead skin cells. 4. Impressive Anti-Inflammatory Effects Ricinoleic acid, the main fatty acid found in Castor oil 40 EO, has impressive anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have shown that when Castor oil 40 EO is applied topically, it reduces inflammation and relieves pain. The pain-reducing and anti-inflammatory qualities of Castor oil 40 EO may be particularly helpful to those with an inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. Animal and test-tube studies have found that ricinoleic acid reduces pain and swelling. One study demonstrated that treatment with a gel containing ricinoleic acid led to a significant reduction in pain and inflammation when applied to the skin, compared to other treatment methods. A test-tube component of the same study showed that ricinoleic acid helped reduce inflammation caused by human rheumatoid arthritis cells more than another treatment. Aside from Castor oil 40 EO’s potential to reduce inflammation, it may help relieve dry, irritated skin in those with psoriasis, thanks to its moisturizing properties. Although these results are promising, more human studies are needed to determine the effects of Castor oil 40 EO on inflammatory conditions. Castor oil 40 EO is high in ricinoleic acid, a fatty acid that has been shown to help reduce pain and inflammation in test-tube and animal studies. 5. Reduces Acne Acne is a skin condition that can cause blackheads, pus-filled pimples and large, painful bumps on the face and body. It’s most common in teens and young adults and can negatively impact self-esteem. Castor oil 40 EO has several qualities that may help reduce acne symptoms. Inflammation is thought to be a factor in the development and severity of acne, so applying Castor oil 40 EO to the skin may help reduce inflammation-related symptoms. Acne is also associated with an imbalance of certain types of bacteria normally found on the skin, including Staphylococcus aureus. Castor oil 40 EO has antimicrobial properties that may help fight bacterial overgrowth when applied to the skin. One test-tube study found that Castor oil 40 EO extract showed considerable antibacterial power, inhibiting the growth of several bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. Castor oil 40 EO is also a natural moisturizer, so it may help soothe the inflamed and irritated skin typical in those with acne. Castor oil 40 EO helps fight inflammation, reduce bacteria and soothe irritated skin, all of which can be helpful for those looking for a natural acne remedy. 6. Fights Fungus Candida albicans is a type of fungus that commonly causes dental issues like plaque overgrowth, gum infections and root canal infections. Castor oil 40 EO has antifungal properties and may help fight off Candida, keeping the mouth healthy. One test-tube study found that Castor oil 40 EO eliminated Candida albicans from contaminated human tooth roots. Castor oil 40 EO may also help treat denture-related stomatitis, a painful condition thought to be caused by Candida overgrowth. This is a common issue in elderly people who wear dentures. A study in 30 elderly people with denture-related stomatitis showed that treatment with Castor oil 40 EO led to improvements in the clinical signs of stomatitis, including inflammation (17Trusted Source). Another study found that brushing with and soaking dentures in a solution containing Castor oil 40 EO led to significant reductions in Candida in elderly people who wore dentures (18Trusted Source). Several studies have shown that Castor oil 40 EO may help fight fungal infections in the mouth caused by Candida albicans. 7. Keeps Your Hair and Scalp Healthy Many people use Castor oil 40 EO as a natural hair conditioner. Dry or damaged hair can especially benefit from an intense moisturizer like Castor oil 40 EO. Applying fats like Castor oil 40 EO to the hair on a regular basis helps lubricate the hair shaft, increasing flexibility and decreasing the chance of breakage. Castor oil 40 EO may benefit those who experience dandruff, a common scalp condition characterized by dry, flaky skin on the head. Though there are many different causes of dandruff, it has been linked to seborrhoeic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the scalp. Due to Castor oil 40 EO’s ability to reduce inflammation, it may be an effective treatment for dandruff that is caused by seborrhoeic dermatitis. Plus, applying Castor oil 40 EO to the scalp will help moisturize dry, irritated skin and may help reduce flaking. The moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties of Castor oil 40 EO make it an excellent option to keep hair soft and hydrated and help reduce dandruff symptoms. Castor oil 40 EO, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature. It is odorless and insoluble in water. Castor oil 40 EO is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In all cases, because Castor oil 40 EO is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. Castor oil 40 EO has a long history of safe use in personal care products. PEG 40 Castor oil 40 EO is the Polyethylene Glycol derivatives of Castor oil 40 EO, and it functions as a surfactant, a solubilizer, an emulsifier, an emollient, a cleansing agent, and a fragrance ingredient when added to cosmetics or personal care product formulations. Castor oil 40 EO is soluble in both water and oil and is traditionally used to emulsify and solubilize oil-in-water formulations. Its foam-enhancing properties make it ideal for use in liquid cleansers, and its soothing and softening emollient quality makes it a popular addition to formulations for moisturizers and hair care cosmetics. As a surfactant, PEG 40 Castor oil 40 EO helps to decrease the surface tension between multiple liquids or between liquids and solids. Furthermore, it helps to remove the grease from oils and causes them to become suspended in the liquid. This makes it easier for them to be washed away and lends this ingredient popularity in facial and body cleansers. As an occlusive agent, PEG 40 Castor oil 40 EO creates a protective hydrating layer on the skin's surface, acting as a barrier against the loss of natural moisture. Castor oil 40 EO to cosmetics formulations, it can be blended in its cold state directly into the oil phase at a suggested ratio of 3:1 (PEG 40 Castor oil 40 EO to oil). Next, this can be added to the water phase. If the formula is cloudy, the amount of PEG 40 Castor oil 40 EO may be increased for enhanced transparency. Castor wax is also useful as a top coat varnish for leather, wood & rubber. 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid (12-HSA) is obtained by the hydrolysis of Castor oil 40 EO, 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid is a high melting, brittle, waxy solid at ambient temperatures and should be stored away from heat to avoid deterioration. A non-toxic, non-hazardous material, it has limited solubility in many organic solvents and is insoluble in water. It is used in lithium and calcium greases, and in the manufacture of acrylic polymers, as an internal lubricant for plastic mouldings, coatings for automotive, equipment, appliances and architectural applications. We are proud to boast industry leading products suitable for a wide array of application and product requirements. We believe industry leading customer service, delivery and innovation allow us to meet our ever increasing client demands. Castor oil 40 EO is a wax-like hydrogenated derivative of Castor oil 40 EO. Castor oil 40 EO has many industrial applications. Castor wax, also called Castor oil 40 EO, is an opaque, white vegetable wax. It is produced by the hydrogenation of pure Castor oil 40 EO often in the presence of a nickel catalyst to increase the rate of reaction. The hydrogenation of Castor oil 40 EO forms saturated molecules of castor wax; this saturation is responsible for the hard, brittle and insoluble nature of the wax. HCO (chemical name: Castor oil 40 EO), also known as castor wax, is a very common oleochemical product that has many industrial and manufacturing applications. What is Castor oil 40 EO? HCO is a hard, wax-like substance extracted from Castor oil 40 EO beans. There is also a petroleum-based formula of Hydrogenated Caster Oil known as PEG-40. The Castor oil 40 EO chemical formula of this material is C57H110O9(CH2CH2O)n. Hydrogenation refers to a chemical process where an unsaturated compound is combined with hydrogen to produce saturation. In the case of HCO, this increases the oil’s stability and raises its melting point, transforming it into a solid at room temperature.Castor oil 40 EO is insoluble in water and most types of organic solvents. This makes HCO extremely valuable in the manufacturing of lubricants and industrial greases. However, HCO is soluble in hot solvents. It also has the ability to resist water while retaining its polarity, lubricity and surface wetting capabilities. Castor oil 40 EO is also an extremely safe, non-toxic material that is suitable for use in personal care products and soaps. To learn more about HCO safety, please review the Castor oil 40 EO SDS (Safety Data Sheet).Acme-Hardesty is a reliable source for Castor oil 40 EO. We offer a complete selection of Castor oil 40 EO and Derivatives such as Ricinoleic Acid, 12HSA, #1 Castor oil 40 EO, HCO and several others. We are known for being one of the largest and oldest Castor oil 40 EO importers and distributors found anywhere in the United States. As one of the leading Castor oil 40 EO suppliers, we can accommodate your company’s Castor oil 40 EO needs, whether you require a bulk shipment, a pallet or a full truckload. USES & APPLICATIONS HCO is an extremely versatile oleochemical that has a number of industrial and manufacturing applications:CASE: Because of its excellent resistance to moisture, Castor oil 40 EO works extremely well as a viscosity modifier, and it also provides significant improvement in grease and oil resistance.Plastics: Castor oil 40 EO performs the role of a lubricant and release agent for PVC and improves processing, dispersion and grease resistance of sheeted polyethylene. It is also useful in the preparation of various polyurethane coating formulas.Personal Care: There are multiple Castor oil 40 EO uses in the manufacturing of personal care products, particularly as an emollient and thickening agent in ointments and deodorants, as well as hair care products and certain cosmetics.Waxes: Hydrogenated Caster Oil works as a binding agent in synthetic and petroleum waxes, as it makes the wax harder and more resistant to crumbling.Soaps and Detergents: Castor oil 40 EO is sometimes used as an emulsifying agent in liquid soaps and detergents to enhance the stability of the liquid formula.Textiles: HCO makes an effective processing agent in various textile manufacturing applications. What does it do? Castor oil 40 EO is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In all cases, because Castor oil 40 EO is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. In monolithic tablets, the core is either prepared by direct compression or by wet granulation followed by coating the core with water impermeable materials on all the faces except the face which is in contact with the mucosa. Water-impermeable materials include Teflon, ethyl cellulose, cellophane, Castor oil 40 EO, and so on. Such a system begins unidirectional drug flow toward the mucosa and avoids drug loss [163]. The results of Kurihara et al. (1996) indicate that Castor oil 40 EO (HCO)-60 emulsions, when compared with conventional lecithin-stabilized emulsions, are more stable to LPL and show low uptake by RES organs, long circulations in the plasma and high distribution in tumors. Lin et al. (1992) confirmed that Castor oil 40 EO-60 is a good emulsifier for the preparation of NE with better stability and prolonged and selective delivery properties. Thus, these sterically stabilized NEs could show potential as effective carriers for highly lipophilic antitumor agents to enhance the drug delivery in tumors. This was confirmed by Sakaeda et al. (1994) who found that the rate of selective delivery of Sudan II to liver, lungs, and spleen could be suppressed by using Castor oil 40 EO-60-based NE. Conversely, the use of saturated MCT in NE was the most effective way to increase blood concentration of Sudan II, resulting in higher distribution to liver, lungs, spleen, and brain (Sakaeda and Hirano, 1995). Furthermore, an o/w-type NE containing Castor oil 40 EO-60 was shown to be superior in the selective distribution of adriamycin-HCl to the liver and in decreasing concentration in heart and kidney (Yamaguchi et al., 1995). Again, Ueda et al. (2003) reported the effect of using a series of Castor oil 40 EOs having different oxyethylene numbers such as Castor oil 40 EO10, Castor oil 40 EO 20, Castor oil 40 EO 30, Castor oil 40 EO 60, and Castor oil 40 EO 100 on the pharmacokinetics of menatetrenone (vitamin K2) incorporated in SO (SO)–based NE in rats. Plasma half-life of menatetrenone after administration as the NE prepared by Castor oil 40 EO with 10 oxyethylene units (SO/Castor oil 40 EO 10) was similar to that after the administration as SO/egg yolk phosphatides (SO/EYP), but was shorter than that as the NEs prepared by Castor oil 40 EOs with >20 oxyethylene units (SO/Castor oil 40 EO 20, SO/Castor oil 40 EO 30, SO/Castor oil 40 EO 60, and SO/Castor oil 40 EO 100). These findings clearly demonstrate that 20 oxyethylene units in Castor oil 40 EOs are the minimum requirement for the prolongation of the plasma circulation time of the incorporated drug in SO/Castor oil 40 EOs NEs. The earlier described studies suggest the involvement of oil or structured lipids in the enhancement of systemic circulation of the NE. Castor oil 40 EO is a multi-purpose vegetable oil that people have used for thousands of years. It’s made by extracting oil from the seeds of the Ricinus communis plant. These seeds, which are known as castor beans, contain a toxic enzyme called ricin. However, the heating process that Castor oil 40 EO undergoes deactivates it, allowing the oil to be used safely. Castor oil 40 EO has a number of medicinal, industrial and pharmaceutical uses. It’s commonly used as an additive in foods, medications and skin care products, as well as an industrial lubricant and biodiesel fuel component. In ancient Egypt, Castor oil 40 EO was burned as fuel in lamps, used as a natural remedy to treat ailments like eye irritation and even given to pregnant women to stimulate labor. Today, Castor oil 40 EO remains a popular natural treatment for common conditions like constipation and skin ailments and is commonly used in natural beauty products. Castor oil 40 EO Precautions Many people use Castor oil 40 EO to treat a variety of issues, either by ingesting the oil or applying it to the skin. Although Castor oil 40 EO is generally considered safe, it can cause adverse reactions and unwanted side effects in some people. Can induce labor: It’s used by medical professionals to induce birth. For this reason, women at all stages of pregnancy should avoid consuming Castor oil 40 EO. Can cause diarrhea: While it can be an effective way to alleviate constipation, you may get diarrhea if you take too much. Diarrhea can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Can cause allergic reactions: It may cause an allergic reaction in some people when applied to the skin. First try applying a small amount to a tiny patch of skin to see how your body reacts. Castor oil 40 EO can cause side effects, such as allergic reactions and diarrhea, in some people. It can also induce labor, so pregnant women should avoid it. The Bottom Line People have used Castor oil 40 EO for thousands of years as a powerful natural treatment for a variety of health issues. It has been shown to help relieve constipation and moisturize dry skin, among many other uses. If you are searching for an affordable, multi-purpose oil to keep in your medicine cabinet, Castor oil 40 EO may be a good choice. Dehydrated Castor oil 40 EO is an unique drying oil, which imparts good flexibility, fine gloss, toughness, adhesion, chemical and water resistance to the dry paint film with non-yellowing properties. Castor oil 40 EO is a very suitable and even better substitute for Linseed oil. Paints with Castor oil 40 EO are super white and offer superior finish. Dehydrated Castor oil 40 EO is used as a primary binder for house paints, enamels, caulks, sealants and inks. In “cooked” varnishes it is combined with all the basic resins, rosins, rosin-esters, hydrocarbons and phenolics to produce clear varnishes and vehicles for pigmented coatings. Castor oil 40 EO is also used in the manufacturing of lithographic inks, linoleum, putty and phenolic resins. Castor oil 40 EO is used with phenolics to obtain fast drying coatings with maximum alkali resistance as required in sanitary can lining, corrosion resistant coatings, traffic paints, varnishes, ink vehicles, wire enamels, aluminium paint appliance finishes and marine finishes. Castor oil 40 EO is also used to obtain fast kettling rate which gives lighter colour and lower acid varnishes. Castor oil 40 EO is a release and antisticking agent used in hard candy pro- duction. its concentration is not to exceed 500 ppm. it is used in vitamin and mineral tablets, and as a component of protective coatings. Castor oil 40 EO is a highly emollient carrier oil that penetrates the skin easily, leaving it soft and supple. It also serves to bind the different ingredients of a cosmetic formulation together. Castor oil 40 EO is high in glycerin esters of ricinoleic acid (an unsaturated fatty acid). It is rarely, if ever, associated with irritation of the skin or allergic reactions. It is obtained through cold-pressing from seeds or beans of the Ricinus communis (Castor oil 40 EO) plant. Impure Castor oil 40 EO may cause irritation, as the seeds contain a toxic substance that is eliminated during processing. Its unpleasant odor makes it difficult to use in cosmetics. PEG-30 Castor oil 40 EO, -30 Castor oil 40 EO (hydrogenated), -40 Castor oil 40 EO, -40 Castor oil 40 EO (hydrogenated) are emollients, detergents, emulsifiers, and oil-in-water solubilizers recommended for fragrance oils, and for other oils that may be difficult to solubilize. The -40 Castor oil 40 EO version is a powerful solubilizer for solubilizing essential oils and perfumes in oil-in-water creams and lotions. It is similar to Peg-30 Castor oil 40 EO but denser, being a soft paste rather than a liquid. The hydrogenated version is particularly used as a nonionic emulsifier for essential oils and perfumes. Castor oil 40 EO is widely used in cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceutical formulations. In pharmaceutical formulations, Castor oil 40 EO is most commonly used in topical creams and ointments at concentrations of 5–12.5%. However, it is also used in oral tablet and capsule formulations, ophthalmic emulsions, and as a solvent in intramuscular injections. Therapeutically, Castor oil 40 EO has been administered orally for its laxative action, but such use is now obsolete. Castor oil 40 EO is used in cosmetics and foods and orally, parenterally, and topically in pharmaceutical formulations. It is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material when used as an excipient. Castor oil 40 EO has been used therapeutically as a laxative and oral administration of large quantities may cause nausea, vomiting, colic, and severe purgation. It should not be given when intestinal obstruction is present. Although widely used in topical preparations, including ophthalmic formulations, Castor oil 40 EO has been associated with some reports of allergic contact dermatitis, mainly to cosmetics such as lipsticks. Castor oil 40 EO is stable and does not turn rancid unless subjected to excessive heat. On heating at 3008℃ for several hours, Castor oil 40 EO polymerizes and becomes soluble in mineral oil. When cooled to 08℃, it becomes more viscous. Castor oil 40 EO should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 258℃ in well-filled airtight containers protected from light. Castor oil 40 EO is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans.[1] Castor oil 40 EO is a colourless to very pale yellow liquid with a distinct taste and odor. Its boiling point is 313 °C (595 °F) and its density is 0.961 g/cm3.[2] It includes a mixture of triglycerides in which approximately 90 percent of fatty acid chains are ricinoleates. Oleate and linoleates are the other significant components. Castor oil 40 EO and its derivatives are used in the manufacturing of soaps, lubricants, hydraulic and brake fluids, paints, dyes, coatings, inks, cold resistant plastics, waxes and polishes, nylon, pharmaceuticals and perfumes. Composition Structure of the major component of Castor oil 40 EO: triester of glycerol and ricinoleic acid Castor oil 40 EO is well known as a source of ricinoleic acid, a monounsaturated, 18-carbon fatty acid. Among fatty acids, ricinoleic acid is unusual in that it has a hydroxyl functional group on the 12th carbon. This functional group causes ricinoleic acid (and Castor oil 40 EO) to be more polar than most fats. The chemical reactivity of the alcohol group also allows chemical derivatization that is not possible with most other seed oils. Because of its ricinoleic acid content, Castor oil 40 EO is a valuable chemical in feedstocks, commanding a higher price than other seed oils. As an example, in July 2007, Indian Castor oil 40 EO sold for about US$0.90 per kilogram (US$0.41 per pound) whereas U.S. soybean, sunflower and canola oils sold for about US$0.30 per kilogram (US$0.14 per pound). Traditional medicine Advertisement of Castor oil 40 EO as a medicine by Scott & Bowne Company, 19th century Use of Castor oil 40 EO as a laxative is attested to in the circa 1550 BC Ebers Papyrus,[11] and was in use several centuries earlier.[12] The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has categorized Castor oil 40 EO as "generally recognized as safe and effective" (GRASE) for over-the-counter use as a laxative with its major site of action the small intestine, where it is digested into ricinoleic acid. Although used in traditional medicine to induce labor in pregnant women, there is insufficient evidence that Castor oil 40 EO is effective to dilate the cervix or induce labor. Castor oil 40 EO, or a Castor oil 40 EO derivative such as Kolliphor EL (polyethoxylated Castor oil 40 EO, a nonionic surfactant), is an excipient added to prescription drugs, including: Miconazole, an antifungal agent; Paclitaxel, a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy; Sandimmune (cyclosporine injection, USP), an immunosuppressant drug widely used in connection with organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system; Nelfinavir mesylate, an HIV protease inhibitor; Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressive drug (contains HCO-60, polyoxyl 60 hydrogenated Castor oil 40 EO); Xenaderm ointment, a topical treatment for skin ulcers, is a combination of Balsam of Peru, Castor oil 40 EO, and trypsin; Aci-Jel (composed of ricinoleic acid from Castor oil 40 EO, with acetic acid and oxyquinoline), used to maintain the acidity of the vagina; Optive Plus (carboxymethylcellulose, Castor oil 40 EO) and Refresh Ultra (glycerine, Castor oil 40 EO), artificial tears to treat dry eye; Castor oil 40 EO is also one of the components of Vishnevsky liniment. Uses Annually 270,000–360,000 tonnes (600–800 million pounds) of Castor oil 40 EO are produced for a variety of uses. Food and preservative In the food industry, food grade Castor oil 40 EO is used in food additives, flavorings, candy (e.g., polyglycerol polyricinoleate or PGPR in chocolate), as a mold inhibito
CASTOR OIL ETHOXYLATE
Castor Oil Ethoxylate Castor oil ethoxylate, also known as castor wax, is a hardened vegetable wax produced from pure Castor oil ethoxylate through the chemical process of hydrogenation. When hydrogen is introduced to pure Castor oil ethoxylate in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the resulting product becomes waxy, highly viscous, and more saturated.Castor oil ethoxylate is an ingredient prevalently found in many cosmetics, varnishes, and polishes. You most likely use it on a daily basis. Unlike pure Castor oil ethoxylate, which is said to have a slightly offensive smell, it is completely odorless. Castor oil ethoxylate is also insoluble in water.But why hydrogenate Castor oil ethoxylate when the pure oil works so well for so many different applications? What is the purpose of hydrogenating Castor oil ethoxylate, exactly? ydrogenated Castor oil ethoxylate, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature. It is odorless and insoluble in water. Historically, ancient Egyptians used Castor oil ethoxylate as fuel for their lamps. Castor oil ethoxylate has also been used as a lubricant in machine and aircraft engines, and is added to certain paints, dyes and varnishes as well. Ingestion of pure Castor oil ethoxylate works as a laxative to treat constipation. Castor oil ethoxylate is a hard brittle, high melting point waxy substance with faint characteristic of fatty wax odor and is tasteless. It is compatible with beeswax, carnauba and candelilla wax. It is relatively insoluble in most organic solvents though it will dissolve in a number of solvents and oils at an elevated temperature but on cooling will form gels or a paste like mass. It forms a smooth, stable anionic emulsion with emulsifiers and triethanolamine stearate. It can also be emulsified with a cationic emulsifying agent, making emulsions that are also stable. It is mainly used in plastics, textiles, lubricants etc.As a pharmaceutical grade inactive ingredient, Castor oil ethoxylate is used to emulsify and solubilize oils and other water-insoluble substances. Display Name: Castor oil, ethoxylated EC Number: 500-151-7 EC Name: Castor oil, ethoxylated CAS Number: 61791-12-6 Molecular formula: C57H104O9(CH2CH2O)n IUPAC Name: Castor oil, ethoxylated A brand name product that contains Castor oil ethoxylate is Cremophor and it contains a range of non-ionic polyethoxylated detergents. It was originally developed for use as solubilizers and emulsifiers. This research grade product is intended for use in R&D and development only. Castor oil ethoxylate (castor wax) is also used an extended release agent; stiffening agent; tablet and capsule lubricant. Castor oil ethoxylate has been used as a stimulant laxative to relieve occasional constipation, but it is rarely used today due to gentler and safer alternatives. The purpose of the hydrogenation process is to improve Castor oil ethoxylate's melting point, texture, odor, and shelf-life.Once hydrogenated, the resulting Castor oil ethoxylate product is comprised of hard, brittle flakes. Castor oil ethoxylate is considered an organic ingredient, as well as a vegan one, as it is vegetable-derived.One application of Castor oil ethoxylate is to improve certain cosmetic products. You can add the flakes to cosmetic formulations until thoroughly melted. In this capacity, Castor oil ethoxylate acts as an emollient and a thickener; increasing the viscosity of creams, ointments, and lotions when their composition is too runny. Castor oil ethoxylate also stabilizes cosmetics that come in stick-form (like lipstick) and increases these products' melting points, making for a more stable product. In part thanks to Castor oil ethoxylate, it's not the end of the world if we leave a tube of red lipstick in a hot car! Castor oil ethoxylate means our lipsticks maintain a solid structure even when they're pushed to the limit, and our deodorant doesn't crumble as we apply it.Castor oil ethoxylate is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In the baby diaper cream and lotion it provides a protective barrier of the lotion/cream on the skin. In all cases, because Castor oil ethoxylate is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. Castor oil ethoxylate is especially present in these types of products when something requires resistance to moisture and oils, such as in polishes, varnishes, and paints. Castor oil ethoxylate, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature. It is odorless and insoluble in water. Castor oil ethoxylate is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In all cases, because Castor oil ethoxylate is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. Castor oil ethoxylate has a long history of safe use in personal care products. PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate is the Polyethylene Glycol derivatives of Castor oil ethoxylate, and it functions as a surfactant, a solubilizer, an emulsifier, an emollient, a cleansing agent, and a fragrance ingredient when added to cosmetics or personal care product formulations. Castor oil ethoxylate is soluble in both water and oil and is traditionally used to emulsify and solubilize oil-in-water formulations. Its foam-enhancing properties make it ideal for use in liquid cleansers, and its soothing and softening emollient quality makes it a popular addition to formulations for moisturizers and hair care cosmetics. As a surfactant, PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate helps to decrease the surface tension between multiple liquids or between liquids and solids. Furthermore, it helps to remove the grease from oils and causes them to become suspended in the liquid. This makes it easier for them to be washed away and lends this ingredient popularity in facial and body cleansers. As an occlusive agent, PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate creates a protective hydrating layer on the skin's surface, acting as a barrier against the loss of natural moisture. Castor oil ethoxylate to cosmetics formulations, it can be blended in its cold state directly into the oil phase at a suggested ratio of 3:1 (PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate to oil). Next, this can be added to the water phase. If the formula is cloudy, the amount of PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate may be increased for enhanced transparency. Castor oil ethoxylate Raw Material without the medical advice of a physician. This product should always be stored in an area that is inaccessible to children, especially those under the age of 7. Castor oil ethoxylate Raw Material in 1 tsp of a preferred Carrier Oil and applying a dime-size amount of this blend to a small area of skin that is not sensitive. PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate must never be used near the inner nose and ears or on any other particularly sensitive areas of skin. Potential side effects of PEG 40 Castor oil ethoxylate include the itching, PEG-30 Castor oil ethoxylate, PEG-33 Castor oil ethoxylate, PEG-35 Castor oil ethoxylate, PEG-36 Castor oil ethoxylate and PEG-40 Castor oil ethoxylate are polyethylene glycol derivatives of Castor oil ethoxylate. PEG-30 Castor oil ethoxylate and PEG-40 Castor oil ethoxylate are polyethylene glycol derivatives of Castor oil ethoxylate. PEG-36 Castor oil ethoxylate is a light yellow and slightly viscous liquid with a mild fatty odor. PEG-40 Castor oil ethoxylate is an amber-colored liquid. PEG Castor oil ethoxylates and PEG Castor oil ethoxylates are used in the formulation of a wide variety of cosmetics and personal care products. Castor oil ethoxylate is the polyethylene glycol derivatives of Castor oil ethoxylate, and is an amber colored, slightly viscous liquid that has a naturally mildly fatty odor. It is used in cosmetics and beauty products as an emulsifier, surfactant, and fragrance ingredient, according to research. Accordingly, Castor oil ethoxylate is principally 12-hydroxystearic triglyceride. Castor oil ethoxylate (HCO) or castor wax is used in capacitors, coatings and greases, cosmetics, electrical carbon paper, lubrication, polishes, and where resistance to moisture, oils and other petrochemical products is required. Castor wax is also useful as a top coat varnish for leather, wood & rubber. 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid (12-HSA) is obtained by the hydrolysis of Castor oil ethoxylate, 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid is a high melting, brittle, waxy solid at ambient temperatures and should be stored away from heat to avoid deterioration. A non-toxic, non-hazardous material, it has limited solubility in many organic solvents and is insoluble in water. It is used in lithium and calcium greases, and in the manufacture of acrylic polymers, as an internal lubricant for plastic mouldings, coatings for automotive, equipment, appliances and architectural applications. We are proud to boast industry leading products suitable for a wide array of application and product requirements. We believe industry leading customer service, delivery and innovation allow us to meet our ever increasing client demands. Castor oil ethoxylate is a wax-like hydrogenated derivative of Castor oil ethoxylate. Castor oil ethoxylate has many industrial applications. Castor wax, also called Castor oil ethoxylate, is an opaque, white vegetable wax. It is produced by the hydrogenation of pure Castor oil ethoxylate often in the presence of a nickel catalyst to increase the rate of reaction. The hydrogenation of Castor oil ethoxylate forms saturated molecules of castor wax; this saturation is responsible for the hard, brittle and insoluble nature of the wax. HCO (chemical name: Castor oil ethoxylate), also known as castor wax, is a very common oleochemical product that has many industrial and manufacturing applications. What is Castor oil ethoxylate? HCO is a hard, wax-like substance extracted from Castor oil ethoxylate beans. There is also a petroleum-based formula of Hydrogenated Caster Oil known as PEG-40. The Castor oil ethoxylate chemical formula of this material is C57H110O9(CH2CH2O)n. Hydrogenation refers to a chemical process where an unsaturated compound is combined with hydrogen to produce saturation. In the case of HCO, this increases the oil’s stability and raises its melting point, transforming it into a solid at room temperature.Castor oil ethoxylate is insoluble in water and most types of organic solvents. This makes HCO extremely valuable in the manufacturing of lubricants and industrial greases. However, HCO is soluble in hot solvents. It also has the ability to resist water while retaining its polarity, lubricity and surface wetting capabilities. Castor oil ethoxylate is also an extremely safe, non-toxic material that is suitable for use in personal care products and soaps. To learn more about HCO safety, please review the Castor oil ethoxylate SDS (Safety Data Sheet).Acme-Hardesty is a reliable source for Castor oil ethoxylate. We offer a complete selection of Castor oil ethoxylate and Derivatives such as Ricinoleic Acid, 12HSA, #1 Castor oil ethoxylate, HCO and several others. We are known for being one of the largest and oldest Castor oil ethoxylate importers and distributors found anywhere in the United States. As one of the leading Castor oil ethoxylate suppliers, we can accommodate your company’s Castor oil ethoxylate needs, whether you require a bulk shipment, a pallet or a full truckload. USES & APPLICATIONS HCO is an extremely versatile oleochemical that has a number of industrial and manufacturing applications:CASE: Because of its excellent resistance to moisture, Castor oil ethoxylate works extremely well as a viscosity modifier, and it also provides significant improvement in grease and oil resistance.Plastics: Castor oil ethoxylate performs the role of a lubricant and release agent for PVC and improves processing, dispersion and grease resistance of sheeted polyethylene. It is also useful in the preparation of various polyurethane coating formulas.Personal Care: There are multiple Castor oil ethoxylate uses in the manufacturing of personal care products, particularly as an emollient and thickening agent in ointments and deodorants, as well as hair care products and certain cosmetics.Waxes: Hydrogenated Caster Oil works as a binding agent in synthetic and petroleum waxes, as it makes the wax harder and more resistant to crumbling.Soaps and Detergents: Castor oil ethoxylate is sometimes used as an emulsifying agent in liquid soaps and detergents to enhance the stability of the liquid formula.Textiles: HCO makes an effective processing agent in various textile manufacturing applications. What does it do? Castor oil ethoxylate is a hard, waxy substance with a unique structure. It works with the other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base to give the stick a firm but spreadable consistency. In all cases, because Castor oil ethoxylate is insoluble in water, it is not readily washed away. In monolithic tablets, the core is either prepared by direct compression or by wet granulation followed by coating the core with water impermeable materials on all the faces except the face which is in contact with the mucosa. Water-impermeable materials include Teflon, ethyl cellulose, cellophane, Castor oil ethoxylate, and so on. Such a system begins unidirectional drug flow toward the mucosa and avoids drug loss [163]. The results of Kurihara et al. (1996) indicate that Castor oil ethoxylate (HCO)-60 emulsions, when compared with conventional lecithin-stabilized emulsions, are more stable to LPL and show low uptake by RES organs, long circulations in the plasma and high distribution in tumors. Lin et al. (1992) confirmed that Castor oil ethoxylate-60 is a good emulsifier for the preparation of NE with better stability and prolonged and selective delivery properties. Thus, these sterically stabilized NEs could show potential as effective carriers for highly lipophilic antitumor agents to enhance the drug delivery in tumors. This was confirmed by Sakaeda et al. (1994) who found that the rate of selective delivery of Sudan II to liver, lungs, and spleen could be suppressed by using Castor oil ethoxylate-60-based NE. Conversely, the use of saturated MCT in NE was the most effective way to increase blood concentration of Sudan II, resulting in higher distribution to liver, lungs, spleen, and brain (Sakaeda and Hirano, 1995). Furthermore, an o/w-type NE containing Castor oil ethoxylate-60 was shown to be superior in the selective distribution of adriamycin-HCl to the liver and in decreasing concentration in heart and kidney (Yamaguchi et al., 1995). Again, Ueda et al. (2003) reported the effect of using a series of Castor oil ethoxylates having different oxyethylene numbers such as Castor oil ethoxylate10, Castor oil ethoxylate 20, Castor oil ethoxylate 30, Castor oil ethoxylate 60, and Castor oil ethoxylate 100 on the pharmacokinetics of menatetrenone (vitamin K2) incorporated in SO (SO)–based NE in rats. Plasma half-life of menatetrenone after administration as the NE prepared by Castor oil ethoxylate with 10 oxyethylene units (SO/Castor oil ethoxylate 10) was similar to that after the administration as SO/egg yolk phosphatides (SO/EYP), but was shorter than that as the NEs prepared by Castor oil ethoxylates with >20 oxyethylene units (SO/Castor oil ethoxylate 20, SO/Castor oil ethoxylate 30, SO/Castor oil ethoxylate 60, and SO/Castor oil ethoxylate 100). These findings clearly demonstrate that 20 oxyethylene units in Castor oil ethoxylates are the minimum requirement for the prolongation of the plasma circulation time of the incorporated drug in SO/Castor oil ethoxylates NEs. The earlier described studies suggest the involvement of oil or structured lipids in the enhancement of systemic circulation of the NE. Castor oil ethoxylate is a multi-purpose vegetable oil that people have used for thousands of years. It’s made by extracting oil from the seeds of the Ricinus communis plant. These seeds, which are known as castor beans, contain a toxic enzyme called ricin. However, the heating process that Castor oil ethoxylate undergoes deactivates it, allowing the oil to be used safely. Castor oil ethoxylate has a number of medicinal, industrial and pharmaceutical uses. It’s commonly used as an additive in foods, medications and skin care products, as well as an industrial lubricant and biodiesel fuel component. In ancient Egypt, Castor oil ethoxylate was burned as fuel in lamps, used as a natural remedy to treat ailments like eye irritation and even given to pregnant women to stimulate labor. Today, Castor oil ethoxylate remains a popular natural treatment for common conditions like constipation and skin ailments and is commonly used in natural beauty products. Here are 7 benefits and uses of Castor oil ethoxylate. 1. A Powerful Laxative Perhaps one of the best-known medicinal uses for Castor oil ethoxylate is as a natural laxative. It’s classified as a stimulant laxative, meaning that it increases the movement of the muscles that push material through the intestines, helping clear the bowels. Stimulant laxatives act rapidly and are commonly used to relieve temporary constipation. When consumed by mouth, Castor oil ethoxylate is broken down in the small intestine, releasing ricinoleic acid, the main fatty acid in Castor oil ethoxylate. The ricinoleic acid is then absorbed by the intestine, stimulating a strong laxative effect. In fact, several studies have shown that Castor oil ethoxylate can relieve constipation. For example, one study found that when elderly people took Castor oil ethoxylate, they experienced decreased symptoms of constipation, including less straining during defecation and lower reported feelings of incomplete bowel movements. While Castor oil ethoxylate is considered safe in small doses, larger amounts can cause abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea (4Trusted Source). Although it can be used to relieve occasional constipation, Castor oil ethoxylate is not recommended as a treatment for long-term issues. Castor oil ethoxylate can be used as a natural remedy for occasional constipation. However, it can cause side effects like cramping and diarrhea and should not be used to treat chronic constipation. 2. A Natural Moisturizer Castor oil ethoxylate is rich in ricinoleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid. These types of fats act as humectants and can be used to moisturize the skin. Humectants retain moisture by preventing water loss through the outer layer of the skin. Castor oil ethoxylate is often used in cosmetics to promote hydration and often added to products like lotions, makeup and cleansers. You can also use this rich oil on its own as a natural alternative to store-bought moisturizers and lotions. Many popular moisturizing products found in stores contain potentially harmful ingredients like preservatives, perfumes and dyes, which could irritate the skin and harm overall health. Swapping out these products for Castor oil ethoxylate can help reduce your exposure to these additives. Plus, Castor oil ethoxylate is inexpensive and can be used on the face and body. Castor oil ethoxylate is thick, so it’s frequently mixed with other skin-friendly oils like almond, olive and coconut oil to make an ultra-hydrating moisturizer. Though applying Castor oil ethoxylate to the skin is considered safe for most, it can cause an allergic reaction in some people (6Trusted Source). Castor oil ethoxylate can help lock moisture in the skin. Though this natural alternative to store-bought products is considered safe for most, it can cause allergic reactions in some. 3. Promotes Wound Healing Applying Castor oil ethoxylate to wounds creates a moist environment that promotes healing and prevents sores from drying out. Venelex, a popular ointment used in clinical settings to treat wounds, contains a mixture of Castor oil ethoxylate and Peru balsam, a balm derived from the Myroxylon tree. Castor oil ethoxylate stimulates tissue growth so that a barrier can be formed between the wound and the environment, decreasing the risk of infection. It also reduces dryness and cornification, the buildup of dead skin cells that can delay wound healing (8). Studies have found that ointments containing Castor oil ethoxylate may be especially helpful in healing pressure ulcers, a type wound that develops from prolonged pressure on the skin. One study looked at the wound-healing effects of an ointment containing Castor oil ethoxylate in 861 nursing home residents with pressure ulcers. Those whose wounds were treated with Castor oil ethoxylate experienced higher healing rates and shorter healing times than those treated with other methods (9Trusted Source). Castor oil ethoxylate helps heal wounds by stimulating the growth of new tissue, reducing dryness and preventing the buildup of dead skin cells. 4. Impressive Anti-Inflammatory Effects Ricinoleic acid, the main fatty acid found in Castor oil ethoxylate, has impressive anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have shown that when Castor oil ethoxylate is applied topically, it reduces inflammation and relieves pain. The pain-reducing and anti-inflammatory qualities of Castor oil ethoxylate may be particularly helpful to those with an inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis. Animal and test-tube studies have found that ricinoleic acid reduces pain and swelling. One study demonstrated that treatment with a gel containing ricinoleic acid led to a significant reduction in pain and inflammation when applied to the skin, compared to other treatment methods. A test-tube component of the same study showed that ricinoleic acid helped reduce inflammation caused by human rheumatoid arthritis cells more than another treatment. Aside from Castor oil ethoxylate’s potential to reduce inflammation, it may help relieve dry, irritated skin in those with psoriasis, thanks to its moisturizing properties. Although these results are promising, more human studies are needed to determine the effects of Castor oil ethoxylate on inflammatory conditions. Castor oil ethoxylate is high in ricinoleic acid, a fatty acid that has been shown to help reduce pain and inflammation in test-tube and animal studies. 5. Reduces Acne Acne is a skin condition that can cause blackheads, pus-filled pimples and large, painful bumps on the face and body. It’s most common in teens and young adults and can negatively impact self-esteem. Castor oil ethoxylate has several qualities that may help reduce acne symptoms. Inflammation is thought to be a factor in the development and severity of acne, so applying Castor oil ethoxylate to the skin may help reduce inflammation-related symptoms. Acne is also associated with an imbalance of certain types of bacteria normally found on the skin, including Staphylococcus aureus. Castor oil ethoxylate has antimicrobial properties that may help fight bacterial overgrowth when applied to the skin. One test-tube study found that Castor oil ethoxylate extract showed considerable antibacterial power, inhibiting the growth of several bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. Castor oil ethoxylate is also a natural moisturizer, so it may help soothe the inflamed and irritated skin typical in those with acne. Castor oil ethoxylate helps fight inflammation, reduce bacteria and soothe irritated skin, all of which can be helpful for those looking for a natural acne remedy. 6. Fights Fungus Candida albicans is a type of fungus that commonly causes dental issues like plaque overgrowth, gum infections and root canal infections. Castor oil ethoxylate has antifungal properties and may help fight off Candida, keeping the mouth healthy. One test-tube study found that Castor oil ethoxylate eliminated Candida albicans from contaminated human tooth roots. Castor oil ethoxylate may also help treat denture-related stomatitis, a painful condition thought to be caused by Candida overgrowth. This is a common issue in elderly people who wear dentures. A study in 30 elderly people with denture-related stomatitis showed that treatment with Castor oil ethoxylate led to improvements in the clinical signs of stomatitis, including inflammation (17Trusted Source). Another study found that brushing with and soaking dentures in a solution containing Castor oil ethoxylate led to significant reductions in Candida in elderly people who wore dentures (18Trusted Source). Several studies have shown that Castor oil ethoxylate may help fight fungal infections in the mouth caused by Candida albicans. 7. Keeps Your Hair and Scalp Healthy Many people use Castor oil ethoxylate as a natural hair conditioner. Dry or damaged hair can especially benefit from an intense moisturizer like Castor oil ethoxylate. Applying fats like Castor oil ethoxylate to the hair on a regular basis helps lubricate the hair shaft, increasing flexibility and decreasing the chance of breakage. Castor oil ethoxylate may benefit those who experience dandruff, a common scalp condition characterized by dry, flaky skin on the head. Though there are many different causes of dandruff, it has been linked to seborrhoeic dermatitis, an inflammatory skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the scalp. Due to Castor oil ethoxylate’s ability to reduce inflammation, it may be an effective treatment for dandruff that is caused by seborrhoeic dermatitis. Plus, applying Castor oil ethoxylate to the scalp will help moisturize dry, irritated skin and may help reduce flaking. The moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties of Castor oil ethoxylate make it an excellent option to keep hair soft and hydrated and help reduce dandruff symptoms. Castor oil ethoxylate Precautions Many people use Castor oil ethoxylate to treat a variety of issues, either by ingesting the oil or applying it to the skin. Although Castor oil ethoxylate is generally considered safe, it can cause adverse reactions and unwanted side effects in some people. Can induce labor: It’s used by medical professionals to induce birth. For this reason, women at all stages of pregnancy should avoid consuming Castor oil ethoxylate. Can cause diarrhea: While it can be an effective way to alleviate constipation, you may get diarrhea if you take too much. Diarrhea can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Can cause allergic reactions: It may cause an allergic reaction in some people when applied to the skin. First try applying a small amount to a tiny patch of skin to see how your body reacts. Castor oil ethoxylate can cause side effects, such as allergic reactions and diarrhea, in some people. It can also induce labor, so pregnant women should avoid it. The Bottom Line People have used Castor oil ethoxylate for thousands of years as a powerful natural treatment for a variety of health issues. It has been shown to help relieve constipation and moisturize dry skin, among many other uses. If you are searching for an affordable, multi-purpose oil to keep in your medicine cabinet, Castor oil ethoxylate may be a good choice. Dehydrated Castor oil ethoxylate is an unique drying oil, which imparts good flexibility, fine gloss, toughness, adhesion, chemical and water resistance to the dry paint film with non-yellowing properties. Castor oil ethoxylate is a very suitable and even better substitute for Linseed oil. Paints with Castor oil ethoxylate are super white and offer superior finish. Dehydrated Castor oil ethoxylate is used as a primary binder for house paints, enamels, caulks, sealants and inks. In “cooked” varnishes it is combined with all the basic resins, rosins, rosin-esters, hydrocarbons and phenolics to produce clear varnishes and vehicles for pigmented coatings. Castor oil ethoxylate is also used in the manufacturing of lithographic inks, linoleum, putty and phenolic resins. Castor oil ethoxylate is used with phenolics to obtain fast drying coatings with maximum alkali resistance as required in sanitary can lining, corrosion resistant coatings, traffic paints, varnishes, ink vehicles, wire enamels, aluminium paint appliance finishes and marine finishes. Castor oil ethoxylate is also used to obtain fast kettling rate which gives lighter colour and lower acid varnishes. Castor oil ethoxylate is a release and antisticking agent used in hard candy pro- duction. its concentration is not to exceed 500 ppm. it is used in vitamin and mineral tablets, and as a component of protective coatings. Castor oil ethoxylate is a highly emollient carrier oil that penetrates the skin easily, leaving it soft and supple. It also serves to bind the different ingredients of a cosmetic formulation together. Castor oil ethoxylate is high in glycerin esters of ricinoleic acid (an unsaturated fatty acid). It is rarely, if ever, associated with irritation of the skin or allergic reactions. It is obtained through cold-pressing from seeds or beans of the Ricinus communis (Castor oil ethoxylate) plant. Impure Castor oil ethoxylate may cause irritation, as the seeds contain a toxic substance that is eliminated during processing. Its unpleasant odor makes it difficult to use in cosmetics. PEG-30 Castor oil ethoxylate, -30 Castor oil ethoxylate (hydrogenated), -40 Castor oil ethoxylate, -40 Castor oil ethoxylate (hydrogenated) are emollients, detergents, emulsifiers, and oil-in-water solubilizers recommended for fragrance oils, and for other oils that may be difficult to solubilize. The -40 Castor oil ethoxylate version is a powerful solubilizer for solubilizing essential oils and perfumes in oil-in-water creams and lotions. It is similar to Peg-30 Castor oil ethoxylate but denser, being a soft paste rather than a liquid. The hydrogenated version is particularly used as a nonionic emulsifier for essential oils and perfumes. Castor oil ethoxylate is widely used in cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceutical formulations. In pharmaceutical formulations, Castor oil ethoxylate is most commonly used in topical creams and ointments at concentrations of 5–12.5%. However, it is also used in oral tablet and capsule formulations, ophthalmic emulsions, and as a solvent in intramuscular injections. Therapeutically, Castor oil ethoxylate has been administered orally for its laxative action, but such use is now obsolete. Castor oil ethoxylate is used in cosmetics and foods and orally, parenterally, and topically in pharmaceutical formulations. It is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material when used as an excipient. Castor oil ethoxylate has been used therapeutically as a laxative and oral administration of large quantities may cause nausea, vomiting, colic, and severe purgation. It should not be given when intestinal obstruction is present. Although widely used in topical preparations, including ophthalmic formulations, Castor oil ethoxylate has been associated with some reports of allergic contact dermatitis, mainly to cosmetics such as lipsticks. Castor oil ethoxylate is stable and does not turn rancid unless subjected to excessive heat. On heating at 3008℃ for several hours, Castor oil ethoxylate polymerizes and becomes soluble in mineral oil. When cooled to 08℃, it becomes more viscous. Castor oil ethoxylate should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 258℃ in well-filled airtight containers protected from light. Castor oil ethoxylate is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans.[1] Castor oil ethoxylate is a colourless to very pale yellow liquid with a distinct taste and odor. Its boiling point is 313 °C (595 °F) and its density is 0.961 g/cm3.[2] It includes a mixture of triglycerides in which approximately 90 percent of fatty acid chains are ricinoleates. Oleate and linoleates are the other significant components. Castor oil ethoxylate and its derivatives are used in the manufacturing of soaps, lubricants, hydraulic and brake fluids, paints, dyes, coatings, inks, cold resistant plastics, waxes and polishes, nylon, pharmaceuticals and perfumes. Uses Annually 270,000–360,000 tonnes (600–800 million pounds) of Castor oil ethoxylate are
CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED
Castor oil hydrogenated is extracted from the seeds of the castor plant (Ricinus communis).
Castor oil hydrogenated is vegetable-derived, odorless, tasteless.


CAS Number: 8001-78-3
EC Number: 232-292-2
E-number / INCI name: N.A. / HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
Molecul formula: C57H110O9



SYNONYMS:
Hydrogenated Castor Oil, PEG 40, CASTOR WAX, CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED, hydrogenated castor oil flakes, Thixcin, Namlon T 206, Kolliwax HCO, PEG 40 CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED, WNN 1, PEG 60, Cutina HR, Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Unitina HR, Castorwax, Castorwax MP 70, Castorwax MP 80, Croduret, Fancol, ricini oleum hydrogenatum, PEG 60, PEG 40, OPAL WAX, Unitina HR, Rice syn wax, UNII-ZF94AP8MEY, Trihydroxystearin, CELLO-SEAL LUBRICANT, CELLO-GREASE LUBRICANT, Olio di ricino idrogenato, Glyceryl tri(12-hydroxystearate), EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 031604, 1,2,3-Propanetriol tri(12-hydroxystearate), 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, Hydrogenated Castor Oil, 8001-78-3, Castor Oil, Hydrogenated, 232-292-2, Castor Wax, Castor oil hydrogenated, Castorwax, ZF94AP8MEY, 1,2,3-Propanetriol tri(12-hydroxystearate), 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, CASTOR OIL, HYDROGENATED (EP IMPURITY), CASTOR OIL, HYDROGENATED (EP MONOGRAPH), CASTOR OIL,HYDROGENATED, Castorwax MP-70, Castorwax MP-80, Castorwax NF, Caswell No. 486A, DTXSID8027666, EC 232-292-2, EINECS 232-292-2, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 031604, HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL (II), HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL (USP-RS), LUBLIWAX, OPALWAX, Olio di ricino idrogenato, Rice syn wax, UNII-ZF94AP8MEY, Unitina HR, Castor Wax, Glyceryl tris(12-hydroxystearate), Trihydroxystearin, Castor Oil, Hydrogenated



Castor oil hydrogenated is a white waxy solid derived from the castor bean (Ricinus communis) a fast growing species of flowering shrub.
Likely a native to North-East Africa but now found around the world, these trees grow up to 4 meters tall with large, soft leaves and clusters of flowers containing rectangular seeds.


The seeds, known as castor 'beans' are particularly rich in triglycerides, useful fatty acids also present in the body.
To produce castor oil, harvested seeds undergo a process of drying, dehulling, heating and pressing to extract the oil.
The raw seeds are highly poisonous due to the presence of ricin; the crucial heating process during oil production disables the ricin rendering the oil safe for use.


Using hydrogen gas, a catalyst such as nickel, and high pressure, plant oils can undergo a hydrogenation process whereby they change from a liquid into a solid or semi-solid state - becoming hydrogenated oils.
The hydrogenation process allows oils to remain solid at room temperature - an everyday example of which is margarine.


When used in skincare, hydrogenated castor oil's resistance to water and oil can help the skin retain moisture, leaving it soft and smooth.
Castor oil hydrogenated is a hydrogenated vegetable oil that can be processed into fine wax beads.
On the basis of a vegetable oil, Castor oil hydrogenated beads can be used as gentle exfoliating particles in cosmetic products.


Castor oil hydrogenated, also known as castor wax, is a derivative of castor oil that has undergone a process called hydrogenation.
Castor oil hydrogenated is extracted from the seeds of the castor plant (Ricinus communis).
In hydrogenation, hydrogen gas is passed through the castor oil in the presence of a catalyst, typically nickel or palladium.


This process converts some of the unsaturated fatty acids present in castor oil into saturated fatty acids, resulting in a more solid consistency at room temperature.
The hydrogenation process increases the melting point of the oil, making it more suitable for various industrial applications such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and lubricants.


Castor oil hydrogenated is often used as an emollient, thickening agent, or stabilizer in cosmetic formulations like lipsticks, creams, and lotions.
Due to its properties as a solidifying agent, Castor oil hydrogenated can also be used in the production of candles, waxes, and polishes.
Finally Castor oil hydrogenated is used in the production of among others adhesives, greases, plastic additives, pharmaceuticals, PVC internal lubricants, paints, resins, rubber processing aid and ethoxylates.


Castor oil hydrogenated is obtained from castor oil.
Castor oil hydrogenated has a high viscosity and is able to form a thin lubricating film that reduces friction and wear.
Castor oil hydrogenated meets National Formulary specifications.


Castor oil hydrogenated is a solid wax (m.p.~86°C).
Castor oil hydrogenated is vegetable-derived, odorless, tasteless.
In the oil phase of O/W emulsions Castor oil hydrogenated functions as an internal phase thickener and emollient.


Castor oil hydrogenated in its unmodified state is generally available for sale in the form of a hard, crumbly block, flakes, or a white-yellow powder.
Castor oil hydrogenated is insoluble in water and completely odourless.
Concretely, Castor oil hydrogenated is produced during hydrogenation, a chemical reaction that takes place during the combination, by catalysis, of pure castor oil with hydrogen.


Castor oil hydrogenated is lipogelling.
Castor oil hydrogenated helps stabilize the emulsions, thus favouring mixtures of liquids.
Castor oil hydrogenated acts as a viscosity control agent.


Castor oil hydrogenated is also possible that you will be confronted, in the compositions of your products, with castor oil ethoxylated and/or hydrogenated, or PEG-40 (for example).
It is nothing but pure castor oil which has been subjected to chemical treatment with ethylene oxide (ethoxylation), and/or hydrogenation, to make it an emulsifying/surfactant agent whose penetration into the skin is multiplied.


Because of its characteristics, Castor oil hydrogenated, is one of the ingredients of many products.
Castor oil hydrogenated is found in some varnishes, soaps, and in different types of cosmetics.
Castor oil hydrogenated also known as castor wax.


Castor oil hydrogenated is derived from castor beans, the refined castor oil is then hydrogenated.
This stabilises and increases its melting point.
Castor oil hydrogenated is a solid at room temperature and is insoluble in water.


Castor oil hydrogenated is the oil extracted from castor (Ricinus communis) beans that has gone through the process of hydrogenation, which is adding hydrogen to a non-hydrogen compound.
The result is the transformation of the original Castor oil hydrogenated to a hard, waxy substance.


In cosmetics, Castor oil hydrogenated serves many functions, including as an emollient, surfactant, occlusive and skin-conditioning ingredient.
Castor oil hydrogenated's occlusive properties help preserve skin’s water content, thus aiding in moisturization.
Castor oil hydrogenated is a hard, brittle vegetable wax produced from the hydrogenation of castor oil.


Castor oil hydrogenated can provide an occlusive barrier and reduces transepidermal water loss, and hydrates the skin.
Castor oil hydrogenated is a hydrogenated form of castor oil that is insoluble in water.


Castor oil hydrogenated, once widely used as a domestic purgative, is now more restricted to hospital use for administration after food poisoning and as a preliminary to intestinal examination.


The following castor oil derivatives, described as pharmaceutical aids are included in the BP/EP:
•Castor oil hydrogenated:
Castor oil hydrogenated is a fine, almost white to pale yellow powder, practically insoluble in water, m.p. 83–88°C.
Castor oil hydrogenated contains principally 12-hydroxystearic acid.


Castor oil is obtained from the fruit seed of castor (Ricinus communis L.) a large shrub that grows mainly in India, Brazil and China.
The seed has an oil content of 40-50%.
Ricinoleic Acid is the major component of the oil, about 85%.


Castor oil hydrogenated is obtained form castor oil hydrogenation process.
Castor oil hydrogenated is a solid at room temperatureand melts above 85 ° C.
Castor oil hydrogenated is marketed in the form of flakes or granules, is white and opaque.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
Castor oil hydrogenated is used in machine lubricants, cutting oils and gear lubricants, among others.
Castor oil hydrogenated is also used in cosmetics, e.g. in hair styling products.
Castor oil hydrogenated is used Decorative cosmetics/Make-up > Lipsticks & Glosses.


Castor oil hydrogenated is used Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care) > Body care > Hand creams & Lotions.
Castor oil hydrogenated is used Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care) > Facial care > Moisturizing products (creams & lotions).
Castor oil hydrogenated is used Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care) > Facial care > Night creams.


Castor oil hydrogenated is used Toiletries (Shower & Bath, Oral care…) > Antiperspirants & deodorants > Deodorants sticks and roll-on.
Castor oil hydrogenated has good emulsifying and surfactant properties, so it is used in a wide variety of industries.
Castor oil hydrogenated is used as a bio-based polyol in the polyurethane industry, as a lubricant, a precursor to many industrial chemicals, and used in cosmetics.


Castor oil hydrogenated is a white to off-white waxy solid obtained by the controlled hydrogenation of high-purity castor oil.
Castor oil hydrogenated is a vegetable wax with a high melting point and found its application in many personal care products due to its high purity stable nature and unique melting properties.


Castor oil hydrogenated can be used as a replacement for Carnuba and Candelilla waxes.
Castor oil hydrogenated has the additional benefit of lighter color making it easier to formulate in color-sensitive formulations.
It also provides reduced hardness compared to Candelilla wax.


Castor oil hydrogenated is lipogelling and resistant to water, oil and petrochemical liquids allows it to be commonly found, for example, in the composition of: coatings, especially polyurethane engine lubricants carbon paper electric capacitors Paints and varnishes for materials (wood, leather, etc.) household products.


Owing to the presence of ricin, the seeds have a much more violent action than the oil and are not used as a purgative in the West.
Non-ionic surfactants (polyethoxylated castor oils) of variable composition are produced by the reaction of Castor oil hydrogenated with ethylene oxide and are used in certain intravenous preparations which contain drugs with low aqueous solubility.


Castor oil hydrogenated and its derivatives find many non-pharmaceutical uses including the manufacture of Turkey Red Oil, soaps, paints, varnishes, plasticizers and lubricants.
Castor oil hydrogenated can provide an occlusive barrier and reduces transepidermal water loss, hydrates the skin through humectancy via hydrogen bonding between water and the material’s hydroxyl groups.


Castor oil hydrogenated can be used in topical drug products, stick applications, SPF applications, creams and lotions.
Castor oil hydrogenated is then used in many cosmetics as emollient, film-forming agent or over-greasing.
Castor oil hydrogenated is allowed in organic.


As a pharmaceutical grade inactive ingredient, Castor oil hydrogenated is used to emulsify and solubilize oils and other water-insoluble substances.
Castor oil hydrogenated was originally developed for use as solubilizers and emulsifiers.
Castor oil hydrogenated is intended for use in R&D and development only.


Castor oil hydrogenated is also used an extended release agent; stiffening agent; tablet and capsule lubricant.
Castor oil hydrogenated has been used as a stimulant laxative to relieve occasional constipation, but it is rarely used today due to gentler and safer alternatives.


Castor oil hydrogenated is used in amounts ranging from 0.0003–39%.
The largest concentration of usage is in eyeliners since it helps such products maintain a hard consistency that still applies smoothly.
Castor oil hydrogenated is used as an emollient and thickening agent in lip balms, anhydrous systems, deodorants, and color cosmetics.


Castor oil hydrogenated has been used as an antimicrobial agent for various detergent compositions, pharmaceutical preparations, and topical formulations.
Castor oil hydrogenated has also been used as a polymerization aid for the production of insoluble polymers, including polyurethane elastomers.
The hydrogenation process changes the chemical composition by increasing the number of hydroxyl groups and reducing the number of unsaturated bonds.


These changes can affect how the molecule interacts with other molecules and its solubility in water.
Low energy activation energies have been reported for Castor oil hydrogenated compared to other oils such as olive or sunflower oils.
Castor oil hydrogenated has high purity, stable nature and unique melting properties.


Castor oil hydrogenated can be used as replacement of carnauba and candelilla waxes.
Castor oil hydrogenated contributes thermal stability to various anhydrous formulations without unusual hardness.
Castor oil hydrogenated provides luster and water repellency to various anhydrous formulations.


Castor oil hydrogenated lends firmness to stick formulations while enhancing “pay-off”.
Castor oil hydrogenated improves the distribution of anti-perspirant actives.
Castor oil hydrogenated is suitable for anhydrous creams, emulsion creams such as face creams, lotions, night creams, vanishing creams and hand creams, lipsticks as well as glosses.


Castor oil hydrogenated is mainly used in the formulation of lubricants and greases, resins, synthetic waxes, rigid or plasticized films and chemical intermediates.
Castor oil hydrogenated has a very high oxidative stability and acts very effectively as an internal and external lubricant in polymers.


This is an oil, Castor oil hydrogenated, wit flexibility and ductility for the manufacturer of industrial resins, plastics, elastomers, dielectric, rubber products in general.
Castor oil hydrogenated is also used in the cosmetics sector.



FUNCTIONS OF CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
*Emollient :
Castor oil hydrogenated softens and smoothes the skin

*Emulsifying :
Castor oil hydrogenated promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)

*Skin conditioning :
Castor oil hydrogenated maintains skin in good condition

*Surfactant :
Castor oil hydrogenated reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product when it is used

*Viscosity controlling : Castor oil hydrogenated increases or decreases the viscosity of cosmetics



CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED AT A GLANCE:
Castor oil hydrogenated at a Glance
*Hydrogenated form of castor oil
*Hard, waxy substance
*Emollient, surfactant, and skin conditioning ingredient
*Ruled safe as used in cosmetics



SOME OF THE ADVANTAGES OF THE CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
*Castor oil hydrogenated contributes thermal stability to various anhydrous formulations without unusual hardness
*Castor oil hydrogenated is a wax-like substance that is practically odorless and tasteless and derived from natural sources
*Castor oil hydrogenated is compatible with most vegetable and animal waxes
*Castor oil hydrogenated provides luster and water repellency to various anhydrous formulations
*Castor oil hydrogenated lends firmness to stick formulations while enhancing “pay-off”
*Castor oil hydrogenated improves distribution of antiperspirant actives.
*Castor oil hydrogenated is used in many personal care products including anhydrous, emulsion, vanishing or hard creams, lotions, and masks.
*Castor oil hydrogenated is a very useful ingredient for lipsticks, glosses, and antiperspirant sticks.
*Recommended levels of usage of Castor oil hydrogenated are from 2% to 20% depending on the nature of the formulation.



FUNCTIONS OF CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
*Thickener
*Sensory Modifier
*Dispersant
*Skin conditioning
*Emollient
*Detergent
*Emulsifier
*Viscosity controlling agent



BENEFITS OF CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
*One of the most popular advantages of Castor oil hydrogenated is for hair.
*Castor oil hydrogenated exhibits remarkable results for the growth of hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes.
*Moreover, Castor oil hydrogenated is capable of treating a large number of diseases.
*Castor oil hydrogenated is, however, not uncommon to see it in automobile and aviator mechanics.
*Castor oil hydrogenated can either be applied by massage or used in plasters or poultices.
*Castor oil hydrogenated can also be used on any part of the body – the belly, the face, the thighs, the hands, hair, and more.
*Castor oil hydrogenated removes warts in a short time by applying a few drops on a tissue and placing it regularly on the wart.
*Castor oil hydrogenated has properties to prevent certain forms of cancer.
*Castor oil hydrogenated reduces stretch marks and reduces the risk of miscarriages during pregnancy by skin application.
*Castor oil hydrogenated brings back sleep disturbed by insomnia.
*Castor oil hydrogenated cures ear infections by applying cotton wool soaked in the ears.
*Castor oil hydrogenated helps treat hay fever by daily application of a drop of oil on the tongue.
*Castor oil hydrogenated erases the mood and behavioural disorders of children by abdominal application of oil plasters.
*Castor oil hydrogenated stops joint pain such as a sprain, gout, osteoarthritis, etc.
*Castor oil hydrogenated helps to heal painful and inflamed nodes as well as scars.
*Castor oil hydrogenated also cures intestinal disorders, toothaches, headaches, liver ailments, corns on the feet and many other diseases



PROPERTIES OF CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
Castor oil hydrogenated has many properties since it is a multifaceted agent:
*Castor oil hydrogenated is an emollient that softens and moisturizes the skin.
*An emulsifier because Castor oil hydrogenated promotes the mixing of liquids.
*Castor oil hydrogenated helps in the maintenance of healthy skin.
*A surfactant since Castor oil hydrogenated allows a uniform distribution of the product by reducing the surface tension.
*Castor oil hydrogenated promotes viscosity control;
However, hydrogenation is an aggressive process because it involves high-temperature extraction of the oils.
This, therefore, has an effect on the quality of the final oil produced. This chemical treatment also leaves doubts about its harmful effects.



BENEFITS OF CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED FOR SKIN CARE:
Castor oil hydrogenated, also known as castor wax, is derived from castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically a liquid at room temperature, that has been processed by adding hydrogen to make it more stable and raises its melting point so that it is a solid at room temperature.
As an occlusive agent, Castor oil hydrogenated creates a protective hydrating layer on the skin's surface, acting as a barrier against the loss of natural moisture.



BENEFITS OF CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
*Preventing wrinkles.
Castor oil hydrogenated contains antioxidants that fight free radicals in your body
*Fighting acne.
Castor oil hydrogenated has antibacterial properties
*Reducing puffiness
*Moisturizing
*Soothing sunburn
*Fighting dry lips
*Promoting overall skin health



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
Appearance: White to creamish flakes or powder
Density (20°C): 0.970
Refractive index: N.A.
Melting point (°C): 83 - 87
Acid Value (mg KOH/g): 0.0 - 3.0
Gardner color: 0.0 - 3.0
Hydroxyl value (mg KOH/g): 180.0000
Melting point (°C): 85 - 88
Nickel content (ppm): 3
Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 0
Specific Gravity (25°C): 1.02
Color: White to Pale Yellowish
Appearance @ 20°C: Solid (Mobile liquid @ 30°C)
Odor: Almost none

Density: 0.97g/cm3 at 20℃
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in acetone,
chloroform, and methylene chloride.
Form: Powder
Dielectric constant: 10.3 (27℃)
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 18.75
FDA 21 CFR: 178.3280; 175.300; 176.170; 177.1200; 177.1210
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: CASTOR OIL, HYDROGENATED
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: ZF94AP8MEY
EPA Substance Registry System: Hydrogenated castor oil (8001-78-3)
Appearance: White flakes or powder

Odor: Like hardened vegetable oil
pH: Neutral
Boiling Point: > 300°C
Melting Point: 82 - 87°C
Flash Point: Above 310°C
Flammability (solid, gas): None
Auto flammability: None
Explosive Properties: Dust explodable
Oxidizing Properties: None
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Relative Density: About 0.99 at 25°C
Solubility - Water solubility: Insoluble
Fat solubility: Insoluble in most organic solvents at room temperature
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not available
Melting Point: 85°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water
Viscosity: High

Appearance: White flakes
Iodine Value, gI2/100g: 3 MAX
Saponification Value, mg KOH/g: 175 - 185
Acid Value, mg KOH/g: 3 MAX
Hydroxyl Value, mg KOH/g: 155 MIN
Melting Point, °C: 84 - 88
Gardner Color: 3 MAX
CAS: 8001-78-3
EINECS: 232-292-2
Density: 0.97 g/cm3 at 20°C

Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in acetone,
chloroform, and methylene chloride.
Vapor Pressure: 0 Pa at 20°C
Appearance: Powder
Storage Condition: Room Temperature
Stability: Stable.
Additional Information:
Appearance: White to pale yellow powder, lump, or flake.
Base Number: Not more than 4.0.
Melting Point: 85-88 °C.
Hydroxyl Value: 150-165.
Iodine Value: Not more than 5.0.
Saponification Value: 176-182.
Color: 3



FIRST AID MEASURES of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CASTOR OIL HYDROGENATED:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

CASTOR WAX
Castor wax, also called hydrogenated castor oil, is an opaque, white vegetable wax.
Castor wax is produced by the hydrogenation of pure castor oil often in the presence of a nickel catalyst to increase the rate of reaction.
Castor wax is known for its glossy and smooth texture, making it suitable for use in lipsticks, balms, and other cosmetic products.

CAS Number: 8001-78-3
Molecular Formula: C57H110O9
EINECS Number: 232-292-2

Hydrogenated Castor Oil, 8001-78-3, Castor Oil, Hydrogenated, 232-292-2, Castor Wax, Castor oil hydrogenated, Castorwax, ZF94AP8MEY, 1,2,3-Propanetriol tri(12-hydroxystearate), 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester, CASTOR OIL, HYDROGENATED (EP IMPURITY), CASTOR OIL, HYDROGENATED (EP MONOGRAPH), CASTOR OIL,HYDROGENATED, Castorwax MP-70, Castorwax MP-80, Castorwax NF, Caswell No. 486A, DTXSID8027666, EC 232-292-2, EINECS 232-292-2, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 031604, HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL (II), HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL (USP-RS), LUBLIWAX, OPALWAX, Olio di ricino idrogenato, Rice syn wax, UNII-ZF94AP8MEY, Unitina HR.

Castor wax consists mainly of the triglyceride of 12-hydroxystearic acid.
Castor wax is prepared by hydrogenation of castor oil, and its main component is 12-hydroxystearic acid triglyceride.
Castor wax is white to light yellow powder, lumps or flakes. Castor wax is slightly soluble in methylene chloride, insoluble in petroleum ether, very slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in water.

Additionally, Castor wax is used in the production of certain types of candles, polishes, and coatings.
The hydrogenation of castor oil forms saturated molecules of castor wax; this saturation is responsible for the hard, brittle and insoluble nature of the wax.
Castor wax is often used in various industrial applications, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and as a coating for certain products.

Castor wax is a hard, white, opaque vegetable wax.
Castor wax is resistance to moisture makes it useful in many coatings, greases, cosmetics, polishes and similar applications.
Castor wax is created by hydrogenating pure liquid castor oil, which is obtained from castor beans.

Castor wax is heated under extreme pressure using a nickel catalyst during the hydrogenation process.
Castor wax or Castor wax is a derivative of castor beans (Ricinus communis), which is typically present in the form of a liquid at room temperature.
One can find the vegetable wax in its unmodified state in the form of hard crumbly block.

Castor wax works well with other oils and waxes in the antiperspirant base, giving the stick a firm, yet spreadable consistency.
After hydrogenation, Castor wax becomes hard and brittle to the touch.
Castor wax is a derivative of castor oil that undergoes a hydrogenation process.

Castor wax is obtained from the seeds of the castor plant (Ricinus communis), and hydrogenation involves the addition of hydrogen to the oil in the presence of a catalyst.
Afterward, the hydrogen creates saturated molecules of Castor wax, which gives the oil a higher melting point that allows it to remain solid at room temperature.
The hydrogenation process changes the chemical structure of Castor wax by converting some of the unsaturated fatty acids into saturated ones.

This results in a product with altered physical and chemical properties compared to regular Castor wax.
The Castor wax process makes the oil more stable and less prone to oxidation, giving it enhanced properties for certain applications.
Castor wax is a wax-like solid at room temperature.

Castor wax is derived from Castor Oil (extracted from the seeds of "Ricinus communis L.") by controlled hydrogenation.
Castor wax is produced in form of flakes and powder.
Castor wax is widely used in the production of multi-purpose calcium and lithium lubricating greases.

Lubricating greases produced from Castor wax exhibit excellent resistances to oils and fats, water and solvents and they endue a long-life stability.
Castor wax also is importand as thixotropic agent or as raw material in the production thereof for solvent-based coating systems.
Hydrogenated castor oil is a waxy compound obtained by the hydrogenation of refined castor oil.

Castor wax is a hard product with a high melting point.
Castor wax is almost odourless and tasteless.
HCO is supplied in flakes and powder. Hydrogenated castor oil is cream to white coloured.

Other technical application fields are the use as processing aid for phenolic resins, polyethylene, PVC and rubber and as additive in the application of powder coatings.
Non-drying alkyd resins can also be produced out of Castor wax.
Castor wax is of importance concerning the production of hot melts like paper coatings for food packaging and the production of hot melt adhesives.

In several types of polishes (for cars, shoes, furniture) Castor wax is an ingredient.
Another important field is the use of Castor wax and its derivatives (e. g. ethoxylated HCO) in cosmetics like creams, lipsticks etc..
Castor wax is a compound attained by the hydrogenation of refined castor oil.

Castor wax is a hard, waxy, white to cream colored product with a high melting point of 83 to 87 C°, and is nearly tasteless and odorless.
There are numerous applications in various industrial segments, such as a slip additive in paints, plastics (PE), and inks and as a dispersing agent in carbon papers, inks, and plastic color master batches and as a dispersing additive and flow control in sealants, hot-melt adhesives, powder coatings, and more.
Castor wax, also called Castor Wax, is a hard, brittle, high melting solid which is tasteless and odourless.

Castor wax is a hard product with a high melting point.
Castor wax is almost odourless and tasteless.
Castor wax neither carries any odor nor can be dissolved in water.
Castor wax is tasteless. Castor wax forms a smooth emulsion when mixed with emulsifiers.

Castor wax is also compatible with number of other waxes like carnauba wax, beeswax and candelilla wax.
Castor wax remains insoluble in most of the solvents.
However, at higher temperature it dissolves in certain solvents and oils.

Once cooled it takes the form of a gel or a paste.
Castor wax is highly compatible with other animal, vegetable and mineral waxes.
Castor wax is supplied in flakes and powder. Hydrogenated castor oil is cream to white coloured.

Castor wax occurs as a fine, almost white or pale yellow powder or flakes.
Castor wax is insoluble in water and solubility in many organic solvents is also very limited.
Castor wax is available as flakes or powder which melts to a clear transparent liquid.

Castor wax is a non-toxic, non-hazardous material.
Furthermore, Castor wax helps to remove the grease from oils and causes them to become suspended in the liquid.
Castor wax is manufactured by adding hydrogen to refined Castor Oil in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the resultant oil is called Hydrogenated Castor Oil.

After filtration, the liquid Castor wax goes either to Flaking machine to get Castor wax Flakes or to Spray Drying Tower to get Castor wax Powder.
After filtration Castor wax is transformed into a hard, brittle wax with a melting point of approximately 85-86 degrees Centigrade.
This wax is extremely insoluble and is therefore well suited for products needing resistance to water, oils, petroleum and petroleum derivatives.

Castor wax, also known as castor wax, is a very common oleochemical product that has many industrial and manufacturing applications.
This makes Castor wax extremely valuable in the manufacturing of lubricants and industrial greases.
However, Castor wax is soluble in hot solvents.

Castor wax also has the ability to resist water while retaining its polarity, lubricity and surface wetting capabilities.
Castor wax is available as flakes or powder which melts to a clear transparent liquid.
Castor wax is a non-toxic, non-hazardous material.

Castor wax is used in manufacturing of greases, but it may also be used in a paper coating for food packaging.
Castor wax can be available with several different melting points, or in beaded or powdered form.
Partially Castor wax is used in cosmetic formulations such as lipsticks and stick deodorants.

Castor wax is often included in cosmetic and skincare products for its emollient properties.
Castor wax helps to soften and smooth the skin, providing a moisturizing effect.
Due to its increased viscosity compared to regular castor oil, Castor wax is used as a thickening agent in cosmetic and personal care formulations.

Castor wax helps give products a desired texture and consistency.
The hydrogenation process makes Castor wax more resistant to oxidation, contributing to improved stability.
This makes it suitable for use in formulations where a longer shelf life is desired.

In some cases, Castor wax can act as a surfactant. Surfactants help to reduce the surface tension of liquids and are commonly used in formulations like shampoos and cleansers.
Castor wax's lubricating properties make it suitable for certain industrial applications, such as in the production of greases and lubricants.
Castor wax may find use in pharmaceutical formulations for its emollient and stabilizing properties.

Castor wax is used in pharmaceutical applications, manufacture of greases and lubricants, and range of cosmetics & toiletries.
Castor wax is a combination of synthetic polyethylene glycol (PEG) with natural castor oil.
Castor wax is a wax like compound obtained by the controlled hydrogenation of refined Castor Oil.

Castor wax is a hard, brittle, high melting point product that is practically odourless and tasteless.
Castor wax is supplied in the form of flakes or as powder.
The colour of Castor wax is cream to white.

When melted Castor wax is clear, transparent to straw coloured.
Castor wax is insoluble in water and most types of organic solvents.
This makes Castor wax extremely valuable in the manufacturing of lubricants and industrial greases.

However, Castor wax is soluble in hot solvents.
Castor wax also has the ability to resist water while retaining its polarity, lubricity and surface wetting capabilities.
Castor wax is also an extremely safe, non-toxic material that is suitable for use in personal care products and soaps.

Castor wax, also known as Castor Wax, is a hard, brittle, high melting odorless solid wax.
A triglyceride mainly of Castor wax that is insoluble in water, these are available as fully hydrogenated flakes and powders, partially hydrogenated, and in liquid form which is non-toxic and non-hazardous material.
Castor wax has a very wide use in the industries like: Lubricants, Paper Coatings, Processing Aids, Polishes, Investment Castings, Inks, Pencil & Crayons, Cosmetics, Electrical Applications, Hot Melt Adhesives.

Castor wax is supplied in the form of flakes or as powder.
The colour of Castor wax is cream to white.
Castor wax is an extremely versatile oleochemical that has a number of industrial and manufacturing applications: Viscosity Modifier, Plastics, Waxes, Personal Care, Soap, Detergent, Textiles, Lubricants and Greases.

Castor wax performs the role of a lubricant and release agent for PVC and improves processing, dispersion and grease resistance of sheeted polyethylene.
Castor wax is also useful in the preparation of various polyurethane coating formulas.
Castor wax is a versatile integrant for various applications.

As Castor wax reduces atmospheric moisture pick-up during handling and mixing, it becomes an essential additive agent for substantial applications.
Castor wax is odourless and is available in wax, powder, or flake form with high-melting-point.
These different forms are used as a viscosity modifier and for improvement in grease and oil resistance.

Castor wax in cosmetics is a popular addition as it is soluble in both water and oil and has foam-enhancing properties.
Therefore one can easily find Castor wax in skincare products like moisturizers as well as hair care cosmetics.
Castor wax by Hannong Chemicals acts as a non-ionic surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer and dispersant.

Castor wax is recommended for use in cosmetics and personal care formulations.
Castor wax is soluble in both water and oil and is traditionally used to emulsify and solubilize oil-in-water formulations.
Castor wax is foam-enhancing properties make it ideal for use in liquid cleansers.

As a surfactant, Castor wax helps to decrease the surface tension between multiple liquids or between liquids and solids.
Castor wax is a white to yellow pasty liquid with a faint odor.
Castor wax is ideal for use in a wide range of applications in many industries, including Adhesives, Cosmetics, Greases, Inks, Lubricants, Personal care, Pharmaceuticals, Plastics, Rubber, Soaps, Textiles, and Urethanes.

Castor wax is produced out of refined castor oil.
Castor wax will be mixed with the catalyst nickel in a reactor and reched under addition of an hydrogen gas a temperature of 140°C.
During this process mainly the Iodine content will be reduced to a required value.

In the following filtration the added catalyst will be removed.
Finally the liquid oil will be brought over a cooling-drum into his flaked form.
Castor wax is a white to slightly yellowish, fine, free-flowing powder.

Castor wax is used as retardation component and pressing agent for the preparation of tablets for pharmaceutical application.
Castor wax, also known as castor wax, is a very common oleochemical product that has many industrial and manufacturing applications.
Castor wax refers to a chemical process where an unsaturated compound is combined with hydrogen to produce saturation.

In the case of Castor wax, this increases the oil’s stability and raises its melting point, transforming it into a solid at room temperature.
The PhEur 6.0 describes Castor wax as the oil obtained by hydrogenation of virgin castor oil.

Density: 0.97g/cm3 at 20℃
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in acetone, chloroform, and methylene chloride.
form: Powder
Dielectric constant: 10.3(27℃)
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 18.75

Castor wax performs the role of a lubricant and release agent for PVC and improves processing, dispersion and grease resistance of sheeted polyethylene.
Castor wax is also an extremely safe, non-toxic material that is suitable for use in personal care products and soaps.
Waxes Hydrogenated Caster Oil works as a binding agent in synthetic and petroleum waxes, as it makes the wax harder and more resistant to crumbling.

Soaps and Detergents Castor wax is sometimes used as an emulsifying agent in liquid soaps and detergents to enhance the stability of the liquid formula.
Textiles Castor wax makes an effective processing agent in various textile manufacturing applications.
Lubricants and Greases Castor wax is used as a thickening agent in lithium grease and lithium complex grease, as well as multipurpose greases and metal-drawing lubricants.

Castor wax, also called Castor Wax, is a hard, brittle, high melting solid which is tasteless and odorless.
Chemically it is the triglyceride mainly of 12-Hydroxy Stearic Acid.
Castor wax is insoluble in water and solubility in many organic solvents is also very limited.

Castor wax is available as flakes or powder which melts to a clear transparent liquid.
Castor wax is a non-toxic, non-hazardous material.
Castor wax is used in pharmaceutical applications and manufacture of greases and lubricants.

Castor wax is used in a range of cosmetics & toiletries.
Castor wax or castor wax is a hard, brittle wax.
Castor wax is odorless and insoluble in water.

Castor wax is produced by addition of hydrogen to castor oil (hydrogenation process) in the presence of a nickel catalyst.
This is done by bubbling Castor wax gas into the castor oil, during which the Ricinoleic Acid becomes fully saturated to give a viscous waxy like substance with a melting point of 61-69oC.
Castor wax accounts for the largest single use of castor oil for a standard commodity.

The Castor wax is insoluble in water and most organic solvents, but it is soluble in hot solvents.
Castor wax, is a derivative of castor oil that has undergone a hydrogenation process, resulting in changes to its chemical structure and properties.
Castor wax is known for its versatility and is used in various industries and applications due to its unique characteristics.

Castor wax is obtained from the fruit seed of castor (Ricinus communis L.) a large shrub that grows mainly in India, Brazil and China.
Ricinoleic Acid is the major component of the oil, about 85% The Castor wax is obtained form castor oil hydrogenation process.
Castor wax is a solid at room temperatureand melts above 85 ° C.

Castor wax is marketed in the form of flakes or granules, is white and opaque.
Castor wax is mainly used in the formulation of lubricants and greases, resins, synthetic waxes, rigid or plasticized films and chemical intermediates.
Castor wax has a very high oxidative stability and acts very effectively as an internal and external lubricant in polymers.

Castor wax is often used in skincare products, particularly those designed for individuals with sensitive or acne-prone skin.
In some formulations, especially in the production of shaving creams and foaming personal care products, Castor wax may serve as a foaming agent.
Castor wax is known for its compatibility with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, allowing formulators to create stable and well-blended products.

Castor wax, is a vegetable oil obtained from the castor plant.
This bio-based origin is often valued in the formulation of natural or organic cosmetic products.
While hydrogenation is typically a chemical process, Castor wax can be derived from both natural castor oil and synthetic sources.

The choice between natural and synthetic HCO may depend on factors like cost, sustainability, and the desired level of purity in the final product.
This is an oil wit flexibility and ductility for the manufacturer of industrial resins, plastics, elastomers, dielectric, rubber products in general.
Castor wax is also used in the cosmetics sector.

Castor wax derivatives are produced in India by manufacturers who have worked with Berg + Schmidt for many years.
Special attention is paid to the continuous development of quality standards.
India is already the most important procurement market for Castor wax, and its significance is steadily growing.

Castor wax is passed through Refined castor oil with Nickel as to get Hydrogenated Castor Oil.
After filtration, the liquid HCO goes either to Flaking machine to get Castor wax Flakes or to Spray Drying Tower to get HCO Powder.
Castor wax is typically insoluble in water but soluble in oil and organic solvents.

This solubility profile can influence its application in different formulations.
Castor wax has film-forming properties, making it useful in formulations where the creation of a protective film on the skin or hair is desirable.
Castor wax is water resistant while retaining lubricity, polarity and surface wetting properties.

Castor wax is this insolubility that makes HCO valuable to the lubricants markets.
Castor wax is perfect for metal drawing lubricants and multipurpose industrial greases.

Castor wax is used in polishes, cosmetics, electrical capacitors, carbon paper, lubrication, and coatings and greases where resistance to moisture, oils and petrochemical products is required.
Acme-Hardesty is a reliable source for Castor wax.
Castor wax is also useful in the preparation of various polyurethane coating formulas.

Personal Care There are multiple Castor wax uses in the manufacturing of personal care products, particularly as an emollient and thickening agent in ointments and deodorants, as well as hair care products and certain cosmetics.
Hydrogenated castor oil — also called HCO or castor wax — is a hard, white, opaque vegetable wax.
Its resistance to moisture makes it useful in many coatings, greases, cosmetics, polishes and similar applications.

The wax is created by hydrogenating pure liquid castor oil, which is obtained from castor beans.
The oil is heated under extreme pressure using a nickel catalyst during the hydrogenation process.
Afterward, the hydrogen creates saturated molecules of castor wax, which gives the oil a higher melting point that allows it to remain

Uses:
Castor wax is used in the production of candles and waxes to enhance their structure and stability.
Castor wax can serve as a binder in the formulation of paints and coatings, helping to improve adhesion and durability.
In the rubber industry, Castor wax can function as a plasticizer and processing aid, improving the flexibility and processing characteristics of rubber compounds.

Castor wax's emollient properties can be beneficial in the leather industry, where it may be used as a softening agent for leather products.
Castor wax can be used in the formulation of environmentally friendly inks and toners, contributing to sustainable printing and imaging solutions.
In lubricants and greases, Castor wax may act as a natural and renewable ingredient, providing eco-conscious solutions for machinery and mechanical systems.

Castor wax can find applications in eco-friendly cleaning products and household items, contributing to sustainable and natural alternatives.
Castor wax may have agricultural applications, such as in crop protection formulations and soil conditioning products, promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Castor wax is a wax used in applications ranging from the manufacture of lithium and calcium greases, hot melts in sealants and coatings, mold release agents for plastic or rubber, paper coats, and personal care.

Castor wax is hard and brittle with a high melting point, and is suitable for us as a structurant for antiperspirant sticks or lipstick.
Castor wax Ethoxylates have many uses, primarily as nonionic surfactants in various formulations both, industrial & domestic.
These are also used as cleaning agents, antistatic agents, dispersants or emulsifiers, defoamers, softeners in textile formulations.

Also these are used as emulsifiers, solubalizers in cosmetics , health care & agrochemical formulations.
Castor wax is commonly used an emulsifiers and co-emulsifiers in lubricants and softener formulas.

Due to its lubricating properties, Castor wax is used in the production of industrial lubricants and greases.
In some industrial applications, Castor wax may serve as a surfactant to reduce surface tension.
Castor wax's film-forming properties make it suitable for use in hair care products, such as styling gels and creams, where the formation of a protective film on the hair is desired.

In formulations like shaving creams and foaming cleansers, Castor wax may act as a foaming agent.
Castor wax may also be used as a dispersant for pigments and clay.
Castor wax is used in cosmetics and personal care products, such as creams, lotions, and lip balms, for its emollient properties.

Castor wax helps soften and moisturize the skin.
Castor wax is increased viscosity makes it a useful thickening agent in cosmetic formulations, providing the desired texture to products like creams and ointments.

Castor wax is employed in adhesives and sealants, offering natural and renewable components for eco-friendly bonding solutions.
Castor wax can be incorporated into coatings and paints to enhance their performance, sustainability, and eco-friendliness.
Castor wax can be used in eco-conscious packaging materials and coatings, promoting sustainability in packaging solutions.

In cosmetics, personal care products, and skincare formulations, hydrogenated castor oil contributes to natural and eco-friendly products.
Castor wax may find applications in pharmaceutical formulations and drug delivery systems.
In the tire and rubber industry, hydrogenated castor oil can be employed in rubber compound formulations to enhance processing and performance.

Castor wax is used in the formulation of wax blends for various applications, providing eco-friendly alternatives in wax-based products.
Castor wax can be employed as a plasticizer in the polymer industry, contributing to the flexibility and durability of certain plastic products.
In the food industry, Castor wax can be used as a release agent in the production of molds and pans to prevent food from sticking.

Due to its thickening properties, Castor wax can act as a viscosity modifier in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, contributing to the desired consistency.
Castor wax's lubricating properties make it suitable for use in metalworking fluids, where it can enhance lubricity and reduce friction in cutting and machining processes.
In the textile industry, Castor wax may be used as a softening agent for fabrics, contributing to a softer feel and improved texture.

Castor waxs dispersed in base oil to make multipurpose greases having higher dropping points, hardness, better rust-proofing, lubricity and durability than stearates.
Castor wax of different melting points used in lipsticks, deodorant and antiperspirant sticks, cosmetic creams.

Castor wax is a hard wax with a high melting point used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
In topical formulations, Castor wax is used to provide stiffness to creams and emulsions.

In oral formulations, Castor wax is used to prepare sustained-release tablet and capsule preparations; the hydrogenated castor oil may be used as a coat or to form a solid matrix.
Castor wax, being a hydrogenated form of castor oil, can be a source of stearic acid.

Safety Profile:
Irritation tests with rabbits show that Castor wax causes mild, transient irritation to the eye.
Castor wax is used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations and is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material.
Acute oral toxicity studies in animals have shown that Castor wax is a relatively nontoxic material.

Storage:
Castor wax is stable at temperatures up to 1508℃. Clear, stable, chloroform solutions containing up to 15% w/v of hydrogenated castor oil may be produced.
Castor wax may also be dissolved at temperatures greater than 908℃ in polar solvents and mixtures of aromatic and polar solvents, although the hydrogenated castor oil precipitates out on cooling below 908℃.
Castor wax should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.


CATALPIC ACID
CATALPIC ACID

IUPAC name: (9E,11E,13Z)-Octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
CAS Number: 4337-71-7
EC Number: 236-317-8
Chemical formula: C18H30O2
Molar mass: 278.44 g

Catalpic acid is a conjugated polyunsaturated fatty acid.
The melting point of Catalpic acid is 32 °C.
Catalpic acid occurs naturally in the seeds of yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata) and southern catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides).
Seeds of Catalpa species contain about 40% catalpic acid.

Catalpic acid is a non-toxic, natural, orally active compound.
Catalpic acid is naturally found in seeds of some ornamental trees, i.e., Catalpa ovata (Chinese Catalpa), Catalpa speciosa (Northern Catalpa), Catalpa bungei, or Catalpa bigninioides, representing 40 to 70 percent of the oil.

The presence of catalpic acid in the seeds of catalpa trees is well-known in the field.
Also, the capacity of triglyceride esters of catalpic acid to serve as drying oils in the fabrication of primers or adhesion or sealing compositions is well-known in the field.

For instance, U.S. Patent 6,451,439 to Okamoto teaches a method of effecting adhesion for sealing compositions.
However, this method does not teach the use of catalpa oil or catalpic acid to treat or prevent metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity or the Metabolic Syndrome.

ChemSpider: 4532629
PubChem CID: 5385589
Melting point: 32 °C (90 °F; 305 K)

Catalpic acid decreases abdominal fat deposition, improves glucose homeostasis and upregulates PPAR alpha expression in adipose tissue.

Catalpic acid may be administered to the animal in a single dose or in multiple doses.
This method utilizes the natural qualities of catalpic acid to treat and prevent type 2 diabetes and obesity in an animal, including mammals and humans.
Specifically, an amount effective to normalize impaired glucose tolerance, prevent hyperglycemia, prevent hyperinsulinemia, and minimize abdominal fat accumulation is administered.

While any of the catalpic acid forms may be used, in a preferred embodiment, the free acid form of catalpic acid is used.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the catalpic acid compound is administered orally to the animal.
The catalpic acid compound may also be administered parenterally, via injection or rectally.

The catalpic acid compound may be administered alone or in combination with a pharmaceutically suitable carrier or excipient.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a therapeutically effective amount of the catalpic acid compound is administered to an animal in combination with a nutritional food supplement.

Such supplements include but are not limited to infant formulas, children products, geriatric formulas, milk, cheese, kefir, cereal bars, weight management formulas, energy bars, other human foods, functional foods, and animal feed.

Catalpic acid may also be administered in combination with other active ingredients such as vitamins or other fatty acids.
The effective amount of the catalpic acid compound depends on the needs of the animal.

The formulations of catalpic acid disclosed in the present invention may be conveniently presented in unit dosage form and may be prepared by any methods well known in the art of pharmacy or nutrition.
Possible formulations include but are not limited to capsules, cachets, tablets, boluses or lozenges, each containing a predetermined amount of catalpic acid.

Preferred IUPAC name: (9E,11E,13Z)-Octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid

Average mass: 278.430 Da
Monoisotopic mass: 278.224579 Da
ChemSpider ID: 4532629

Appearance: white, solid
Melting point: 32 °C
Solubility in water: Insoluble
XLogP3: 6.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 13
Exact Mass: 278.224580195
Monoisotopic Mass: 278.224580195
Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Complexity: 301
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 3
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Synonyms:
Catalpic acid
Eleostearic acid
9E,11E,13Z-octadecatrienoic acid
(9E,11E,13Z)-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
9(E),11(E),13(Z)-OCTADECATRIENOIC ACID
4337-71-7
ELAEOSTERARIC ACID
18:3(9E,11E,13Z)
13296-76-9
Eleostearic acid, .beta.-
9,13-Octadecatrienoic acid
SCHEMBL1271926
SCHEMBL20787982
LMFA01030883
NSC407903
ZINC64219873
NSC-407903
trans,trans,cis-9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid
Q646902
CATALYST DMDEE

Catalyst DMDEE stands for Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, which is a chemical compound primarily used as a catalyst in various industrial processes, particularly in the production of polyurethane foams and coatings.
Catalyst DMDEE is known for its ability to promote the reaction between polyols and isocyanates, facilitating the formation of polyurethane polymers.

CAS Number: 3033-62-3
EC Number: 221-220-5

Synonyms: DMDEE, Dimethylaminoethyl ether, N,N-Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, Dimethylaminoethyl ether, Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, Dimethylaminoethyl ethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ether, 2-Dimethylaminoethyl ethyl ether, N,N-Dimethyl-2-aminoethanol ethyl ether, 2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxyethanol, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy-, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl-, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl ether



APPLICATIONS


Catalyst DMDEE is extensively used in the production of rigid and flexible polyurethane foams.
Catalyst DMDEE is a key component in the manufacturing of polyurethane sealants and elastomers.
Catalyst DMDEE serves as a catalyst in the synthesis of polyurethane adhesives used in construction and automotive industries.

Catalyst DMDEE is utilized in the formulation of waterborne polyurethane dispersions for coatings and adhesives applications.
Catalyst DMDEE is added to polyurethane coatings to enhance their adhesion, flexibility, and durability.

Catalyst DMDEE plays a crucial role in the production of polyurethane elastomeric coatings for roofing and flooring applications.
Catalyst DMDEE is used in the manufacture of polyurethane foam insulation for buildings and appliances.

Catalyst DMDEE serves as a blowing agent in the production of polyurethane foam to generate cellular structures.
Catalyst DMDEE is employed in the production of polyurethane-based synthetic leather and textile coatings.
Catalyst DMDEE is added to polyurethane elastomers to improve their chemical resistance and mechanical properties.

Catalyst DMDEE is utilized in the formulation of low-VOC (volatile organic compound) polyurethane systems for environmental compliance.
Catalyst DMDEE serves as a crosslinking agent in the production of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials.

Catalyst DMDEE is used in the synthesis of polyurea coatings for corrosion protection and waterproofing applications.
Catalyst DMDEE plays a role in the production of polyurethane-based inks for printing on various substrates.

Catalyst DMDEE is added to polyurethane adhesives for laminating and bonding applications in the automotive and aerospace industries.
Catalyst DMDEE serves as a catalyst in the production of polyurethane-based elastomeric membranes for waterproofing and sealing applications.
Catalyst DMDEE is utilized in the formulation of self-leveling polyurethane floor coatings for industrial and commercial facilities.

Catalyst DMDEE is added to polyurethane gels used in medical devices and wound care products.
Catalyst DMDEE is employed in the production of polyurethane potting compounds for electronic encapsulation.

Catalyst DMDEE serves as a catalyst in the synthesis of polyurethane casting resins used in prototyping and model-making.
Catalyst DMDEE is added to polyurethane spray foam formulations for insulation and air sealing in buildings.

Catalyst DMDEE plays a role in the production of polyurethane-based composite materials for automotive and marine applications.
Catalyst DMDEE is utilized in the formulation of high-performance polyurethane elastomers for industrial machinery and equipment.

Catalyst DMDEE is added to polyurethane elastomers for the manufacture of wheels, rollers, and seals in engineering applications.
Catalyst DMDEE is a versatile ingredient in the polyurethane industry, contributing to the development of innovative products with diverse applications across multiple sectors.

In household and industrial cleaning products, it serves as a surfactant or solubilizing agent.
Catalyst DMDEE is used in the production of cosmetics, toiletries, and personal care products for its emulsifying properties.
Catalyst DMDEE is employed in the treatment of textiles to enhance dyeing processes and fabric softness.

Catalyst DMDEE is compatible with a wide range of materials, making it suitable for various industrial applications.
Catalyst DMDEE is stable under normal storage conditions but may degrade upon exposure to extreme pH, temperature, or light.

Catalyst DMDEE is non-corrosive to most metals and materials, making it safe to handle.
Catalyst DMDEE should be handled with care to avoid contact with skin, eyes, or mucous membranes.

In case of exposure, immediate rinsing with water is recommended to minimize potential irritation.
Catalyst DMDEE should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.

Proper labeling and container closure are essential to prevent contamination and accidental exposure.
Emergency spill control materials should be readily available in areas where Catalyst DMDEE is handled.

Workers should be trained on safe handling practices and provided with appropriate personal protective equipment.
Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol is a versatile chemical compound with diverse industrial applications, contributing to the production of a wide range of products across various sectors.



DESCRIPTION


Catalyst DMDEE stands for Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, which is a chemical compound primarily used as a catalyst in various industrial processes, particularly in the production of polyurethane foams and coatings.
Catalyst DMDEE is known for its ability to promote the reaction between polyols and isocyanates, facilitating the formation of polyurethane polymers.

Catalyst DMDEE is a clear, colorless liquid with a molecular formula C5H13NO2.
Catalyst DMDEE belongs to the class of alkanolamines and contains both amine and ether functional groups.
Catalyst DMDEE is highly soluble in water and commonly used in aqueous solutions for its catalytic properties.

Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, commonly known as Catalyst DMDEE, is a clear, colorless liquid.
Catalyst DMDEE has a faint, characteristic odor and is soluble in water and many organic solvents.
Catalyst DMDEE is composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms.

At room temperature, it exists as a liquid with a viscosity similar to water.
Catalyst DMDEE has a molecular formula of C5H13NO2.
Catalyst DMDEE belongs to the class of alkanolamines due to its amine and ether functional groups.

Catalyst DMDEE is commonly used as a catalyst in industrial processes, particularly in polyurethane foam production.
Catalyst DMDEE facilitates the reaction between polyols and isocyanates, leading to the formation of polyurethane polymers.

Catalyst DMDEE plays a crucial role in promoting the curing and crosslinking reactions in polyurethane coatings and adhesives.
Catalyst DMDEE is known for its effectiveness in improving the mechanical properties and durability of polyurethane products.

Catalyst DMDEE is also utilized in pharmaceutical formulations as a solubilizing agent or stabilizer.
Catalyst DMDEE finds applications in the textile industry for imparting wrinkle resistance or flame retardancy to fabrics.


PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Faint, characteristic odor
Density: Approximately 1.00 - 1.05 g/cm³
Melting Point: -60°C to -55°C
Boiling Point: 150°C to 160°C
Flash Point: > 70°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: < 1 mmHg at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Miscible in water
pH: Approximately 10-11 in aqueous solution
Viscosity: Low viscosity liquid
Molecular Weight: Approximately 119.16 g/mol
Refractive Index: 1.435 - 1.440
Surface Tension: Approximately 28 - 32 mN/m
Specific Gravity: Approximately 1.00 - 1.05
Heat of Vaporization: Approximately 31.6 kJ/mol


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C5H13NO2
Molecular Structure: Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol
Functional Groups: Amine (-NH2), Ether (-O-)
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone
Stability: Stable under normal conditions, but may degrade upon exposure to strong acids or bases
Reactivity: Reacts with strong acids to form salts; reacts with strong oxidizing agents
Flammability: Not flammable
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive to metals and materials
pH Range: Basic in aqueous solutions (pH > 7)
Oxidation State: Nitrogen atom exhibits a +1 oxidation state in the amine group
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor: Capable of accepting hydrogen bonds due to the presence of oxygen atom



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, immediately remove the affected individual to fresh air.
Assist breathing if necessary.
Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Seek medical attention promptly.
Transport the person to a medical facility for further evaluation and treatment.

Skin Contact:

Quickly remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Rinse the affected skin area thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use soap or mild detergent to cleanse the skin thoroughly, ensuring that all traces of the chemical are removed.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention promptly.
Cover the affected area with a clean, dry dressing to prevent further contamination and irritation.


Eye Contact:

Immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing of the eyes.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easily removable, during the flushing process.
Seek immediate medical attention. Transport the person to an eye care professional for further evaluation and treatment.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water to dilute any remaining chemical.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for further guidance.
Do not administer any oral fluids or medications unless directed by a healthcare professional.


Notes to Physician:

Provide the physician with information regarding the type and extent of exposure.
Monitor the individual for any signs or symptoms of systemic toxicity.
Treat symptoms accordingly based on the individual's condition and response to exposure.
Administer supportive care and appropriate medical interventions as necessary.


Protection of First Responders:

First responders should wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Ensure adequate ventilation in the area of exposure to prevent the buildup of vapors or fumes.
Prevent further exposure to the chemical by following proper handling procedures and containment measures.


Environmental Precautions:

Prevent the chemical from entering waterways, sewers, or soil to avoid environmental contamination.
Contain and collect any spilled material using appropriate absorbents and containment measures.
Dispose of contaminated materials in accordance with local regulations and guidelines.


Fire and Explosion Hazards:

Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol is not flammable under normal conditions.
In case of fire involving other materials, use appropriate extinguishing agents such as water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (CO2).


Accidental Release Measures:

Contain the spillage to prevent further spread of the chemical.
Absorb spilled material with inert absorbents such as sand, vermiculite, or commercial absorbent pads.
Collect spilled material in appropriate containers for disposal according to local regulations.


Handling and Storage:

Handle Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol with care to prevent spills and accidental exposure.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Follow proper handling procedures to minimize the risk of exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, including safety goggles, gloves, and protective clothing, to minimize the risk of skin and eye contact.
Use in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of vapors or fumes.
If ventilation is inadequate, use respiratory protection.
Avoid breathing vapors or mist.
In case of inadequate ventilation, use respiratory protection such as NIOSH-approved respirators.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
In case of contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, and wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Use appropriate engineering controls such as local exhaust ventilation or containment to minimize exposure during handling and transfer operations.
Prevent spills and leaks by using suitable containment measures such as secondary containment trays or spill kits.
Do not allow Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol to come into contact with incompatible materials, including strong acids, oxidizing agents, and reactive metals.
Follow established procedures for safe handling, transfer, and disposal of Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol in accordance with applicable regulations and guidelines.


Storage:

Store Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or ignition.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and minimize evaporation.
Store Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, oxidizing agents, and reactive metals.
Ensure that storage areas are properly labeled with the appropriate hazard information and emergency contact numbers.
Store Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol in suitable containers made of compatible materials such as glass, stainless steel, or high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
Check containers regularly for signs of damage or deterioration and replace as needed to prevent leaks or spills.
Provide adequate containment measures such as spill trays or secondary containment to prevent environmental contamination in the event of a spill or leak.
Store Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol away from sources of ignition, open flames, and heat sources to minimize the risk of fire or explosion.

CATIONIC COPOLYMER
ils portent une charge positive. Globalement ils sont assez mal supportés par la peau. Ils permettent de gainer le cheveu car ils s’associent bien à la kératine. Ils sont néanmoins peu détergents et peu moussants et ont tendance à alourdir le cheveu. Exemples : BTMS
CATIONIC POLYELECTROLYTE
Cationic Polyelectrolyte Cationic polyelectrolytes are polymers whose repeating units bear an electrolyte group. Polycations and polyanions are Cationic polyelectrolytes. These groups dissociate in aqueous solutions (water), making the polymers charged. Cationic polyelectrolyte properties are thus similar to both electrolytes (salts) and polymers (high molecular weight compounds) and are sometimes called polysalts. Like salts, their solutions are electrically conductive. Like polymers, their solutions are often viscous. Charged molecular chains, commonly present in soft matter systems, play a fundamental role in determining structure, stability and the interactions of various molecular assemblies. Theoretical approaches to describing their statistical properties differ profoundly from those of their electrically neutral counterparts, while technological and industrial fields exploit their unique properties. Many biological molecules are Cationic polyelectrolytes. For instance, polypeptides, glycosaminoglycans, and DNA are Cationic polyelectrolytes. Both natural and synthetic Cationic polyelectrolytes are used in a variety of industries. IUPAC definition of Cationic polyelectrolyte Cationic polyelectrolyte: Polymer composed of macromolecules in which a substantial portion of the constitutional units contains ionic or ionizable groups, or both. Notes: The terms Cationic polyelectrolyte, polymer electrolyte, and polymeric electrolyte should not be confused with the term solid polymer electrolyte. Cationic polyelectrolytes can be either synthetic or natural. Nucleic acids, proteins, teichoic acids, some polypeptides, and some polysaccharides are examples of natural Cationic polyelectrolytes. Charge of Cationic polyelectrolyte Acids are classified as either weak or strong (and bases similarly may be either weak or strong). Similarly, Cationic polyelectrolytes can be divided into "weak" and "strong" types. A "strong" Cationic polyelectrolyte is one that dissociates completely in solution for most reasonable pH values. A "weak" Cationic polyelectrolyte, by contrast, has a dissociation constant (pKa or pKb) in the range of ~2 to ~10, meaning that it will be partially dissociated at intermediate pH. Thus, weak Cationic polyelectrolytes are not fully charged in solution, and moreover their fractional charge can be modified by changing the solution pH, counter-ion concentration, or ionic strength. The physical properties of Cationic polyelectrolyte solutions are usually strongly affected by this degree of charging. Since the Cationic polyelectrolyte dissociation releases counter-ions, this necessarily affects the solution's ionic strength, and therefore the Debye length. This in turn affects other properties, such as electrical conductivity. When solutions of two oppositely charged polymers (that is, a solution of polycation and one of polyanion) are mixed, a bulk complex (precipitate) is usually formed. This occurs because the oppositely-charged polymers attract one another and bind together. Conformation of Cationic polyelectrolyte The conformation of any polymer is affected by a number of factors: notably the polymer architecture and the solvent affinity. In the case of Cationic polyelectrolytes, charge also has an effect. Whereas an uncharged linear polymer chain is usually found in a random conformation in solution (closely approximating a self-avoiding three-dimensional random walk), the charges on a linear Cationic polyelectrolyte chain will repel each other via double layer forces, which causes the chain to adopt a more expanded, rigid-rod-like conformation. If the solution contains a great deal of added salt, the charges will be screened and consequently the Cationic polyelectrolyte chain will collapse to a more conventional conformation (essentially identical to a neutral chain in good solvent). Polymer conformation of course affects many bulk properties (such as viscosity, turbidity, etc.). Although the statistical conformation of Cationic polyelectrolytes can be captured using variants of conventional polymer theory, it is in general quite computationally intensive to properly model Cationic polyelectrolyte chains, owing to the long-range nature of the electrostatic interaction. Techniques such as static light scattering can be used to study Cationic polyelectrolyte conformation and conformational changes. Polyampholytes Cationic polyelectrolytes that bear both cationic and anionic repeat groups are called polyampholytes. The competition between the acid-base equilibria of these groups leads to additional complications in their physical behavior. These polymers usually only dissolve when there is sufficient added salt, which screens the interactions between oppositely charged segments. In case of amphoteric macroporous hydrogels action of concentrated salt solution does not lead to dissolution of polyampholyte material due to covalent cross-linking of macromolecules. Synthetic 3-D macroporous hydrogels shows the excellent ability to adsorb heavy-metal ions in a wide range of pH from extremely diluted aqueous solutions, which can be later used as an adsorbent for purification of salty water. All proteins are polyampholytes, as some amino acids tend to be acidic, while others are basic. IUPAC definition Ampholytic polymer: Cationic polyelectrolyte composed of macromolecules containing both cationic and anionic groups, or corresponding ionizable group. Note: An ampholytic polymer in which ionic groups of opposite sign are incorporated into the same pendant groups is called, depending on the structure of the pendant groups, a zwitterionic polymer, polymeric inner salt, or polybetaine. Applications of Cationic polyelectrolyte Cationic polyelectrolytes have many applications, mostly related to modifying flow and stability properties of aqueous solutions and gels. For instance, they can be used to destabilize a colloidal suspension and to initiate flocculation (precipitation). They can also be used to impart a surface charge to neutral particles, enabling them to be dispersed in aqueous solution. They are thus often used as thickeners, emulsifiers, conditioners, clarifying agents, and even drag reducers. They are used in water treatment and for oil recovery. Many soaps, shampoos, and cosmetics incorporate Cationic polyelectrolytes. Furthermore, they are added to many foods and to concrete mixtures (superplasticizer). Some of the Cationic polyelectrolytes that appear on food labels are pectin, carrageenan, alginates, and carboxymethyl cellulose. All but the last are of natural origin. Finally, they are used in a variety of materials, including cement. Because some of them are water-soluble, they are also investigated for biochemical and medical applications. There is currently much research in using biocompatible Cationic polyelectrolytes for implant coatings, for controlled drug release, and other applications. Thus, recently, the biocompatible and biodegradable macroporous material composed of Cationic polyelectrolyte complex was described, where the material exhibited excellent proliferation of mammalian cells and muscle like soft actuators. Multilayers Cationic polyelectrolytes have been used in the formation of new types of materials known as Cationic polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). These thin films are constructed using a layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique. During LbL deposition, a suitable growth substrate (usually charged) is dipped back and forth between dilute baths of positively and negatively charged Cationic polyelectrolyte solutions. During each dip a small amount of Cationic polyelectrolyte is adsorbed and the surface charge is reversed, allowing the gradual and controlled build-up of electrostatically cross-linked films of polycation-polyanion layers. Scientists have demonstrated thickness control of such films down to the single-nanometer scale. LbL films can also be constructed by substituting charged species such as nanoparticles or clay platelets in place of or in addition to one of the Cationic polyelectrolytes. LbL deposition has also been accomplished using hydrogen bonding instead of electrostatics. For more information on multilayer creation please see Cationic polyelectrolyte adsorption. Formation of 20 layers of PSS-PAH Cationic polyelectrolyte multilayer measured by multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance An LbL formation of PEM (PSS-PAH (poly(allylamine) hydrochloride)) on a gold substrate can be seen in the Figure. The formation is measured using Multi-Parametric Surface Plasmon Resonance to determine adsorption kinetics, layer thickness and optical density. The main benefits to PEM coatings are the ability to conformably coat objects (that is, the technique is not limited to coating flat objects), the environmental benefits of using water-based processes, reasonable costs, and the utilization of the particular chemical properties of the film for further modification, such as the synthesis of metal or semiconductor nanoparticles, or porosity phase transitions to create anti-reflective coatings, optical shutters, and superhydrophobic coatings. Bridging If Cationic polyelectrolyte chains are added to a system of charged macroions (i.e. an array of DNA molecules), an interesting phenomenon called the Cationic polyelectrolyte bridging might occur. The term bridging interactions is usually applied to the situation where a single Cationic polyelectrolyte chain can adsorb to two (or more) oppositely charged macroions (e.g. DNA molecule) thus establishing molecular bridges and, via its connectivity, mediate attractive interactions between them. At small macroion separations, the chain is squeezed in between the macroions and electrostatic effects in the system are completely dominated by steric effects – the system is effectively discharged. As we increase the macroion separation, we simultaneously stretch the Cationic polyelectrolyte chain adsorbed to them. The stretching of the chain gives rise to the above-mentioned attractive interactions due to chain's rubber elasticity. Because of its connectivity the behaviour of the Cationic polyelectrolyte chain bears almost no resemblance to the case of confined unconnected ions. Polyacid In polymer terminology, a polyacid is a Cationic polyelectrolyte composed of macromolecules containing acid groups on a substantial fraction of the constitutional units. Most commonly, the acid groups are –COOH, –SO3H, or –PO3H2. Definition and Usage Areas of Cationic polyelectrolyte: Cationic polyelectrolyte is added to the sludge line during the pumping of the excess activated sludge taken from the sedimentation pond to filter presses or belt-presses to dewater the sludge. Cationic polyelectrolyte is widely used in sludge dewatering units of wastewater treatment plants. In processes where sludge dewatering is performed with a centrifuge decanter, belt press or filter press, the flocculant, which is mixed with the help of a static mixer, is dosed into the pressurized sludge line. The working principle of the cationic polyelectrolyte product is generally based on ion exchange between the polymer chain in aqueous solution and the electrical charges of the suspended solid particles. The stable structure of solid particles deteriorates, which leads to coagulation or flocculation. Cationic polyelectrolytes are diluted from 0.05% to 0.1%. The preparation solution is usually prepared at 0.5% by adding the original product to water while mixing. Since the characteristics of the sludge to be dewatered are different, the dosages to be applied are determined as a result of jar test and operation trials in the laboratory. Usage areas of Cationic polyelectrolyte Polyelectrolytes used for flocculation in wastewater treatment systems are divided into two main groups as anionic and cationic polyelectrodes. Although they are nanionic polyelectrolytes they are not used much. In general, anionic polyelectrolytes enable the particles in waste water to be combined and precipitated in chemical treatment plants. Cationic polyelectrolytes are used to float flocs to be created in biological water treatment plants or to increase efficiency during dewatering of waste sludge from all treatment plants. Basically, there are various types of polyelectrolytes used in these principles. It is absolutely essential that the jar tests required for waste water systems are carried out by experts and the most appropriate use of the polyelectrolyte suitable for the system is selected. As a result, the treatment system can be operated healthily and efficiently. Unlike its anionic form, cationic polyelectrolyte is generally used in excessively activated sludge of biological treatment plants. Cationic polyelectrolyte is added to the sludge line during the pumping of the excess activated sludge taken from the sedimentation pond to filter presses or belt-presses to dewater the sludge. Cationic Polyelectrolyte is a linear polymeric compound, because it has a variety of lively groups, affinity, adsorption and many substances forming hydrogen bonds. Mainly flocculation of negatively charged colloidal, turbidity, bleaching, adsorption, glue and other functions, for dyeing, paper, food, construction, metallurgy, mineral processing, coal, oil, and aquatic product processing and fermentation industries of organic colloids with higher levels of wastewater treatment, especially for urban sewage, sewage sludge, paper mill sludge and industrial sludge dewatering process. KEY FEATURES AND BENEFITS of Cationic polyelectrolyte: Water soluble, and can also dissolve completely in cold water. Add a small amount of anionic polyelectrolyte products, you can receive a lot of flocculation effect. while using the products and inorganic anion polyelectrolyte flocculant (polymerized ferric sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, iron salts, etc), you can display a greater effect. Typical Properties of Cationic polyelectrolyte Appearance Free flowing white powder Bulk Density g/l @ 25°C 0.75-0.85 Concentration for dilution(g/l) 2.0-3.0 Advantages of Cationic polyelectrolyte Improved settling rate in clarifier Improved efficiency of the clarifier Reduced retention time Works irrespective of ph Decreased Mud volumes Instant colour change Compressed filter cakes Effluent colour reduction Cationic polyelectrolytes are polymers possessing many ionizable groups. The combination of polymeric and electrolyte behaviour gives them a number of useful properties, as indicated in Table 1, but also poses problems of characterization. This chapter provides an introduction to the behaviour of Cationic polyelectrolytes in solution, discusses the difficulties which this behaviour engenders in the determination of molecular weights and considers means of overcoming these difficulties. Cationic polyelectrolytes are polymers with ionizable repeating groups, such as polyanions and polycations. These groups can dissociate in polar solvents such as water, leaving charges on polymer chains and releasing counterions into the solution (Bhattarai et al., 2010; Schatz et al., 2004; Wu and Delair, 2015). Cationic polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) offer the possibility of combining physicochemical properties of at least two Cationic polyelectrolytes (Schatz et al., 2004). The PECs are formed by strong electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged Cationic polyelectrolytes, leading to interpolymer ionic condensation and the simultaneous release of counterions (Wu and Delair, 2015; Luo and Wang, 2014). Other interactions between two ionic groups to form PEC structures include hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals’ forces, or dipole–dipole charge transfer. Chitosan has cationic nature due to the protonation of amino groups on the polymer backbone and becomes a cationic Cationic polyelectrolyte upon dissolution in aqueous acetic acid (Luo and Wang, 2014). Mixing cationic chitosan Cationic polyelectrolyte with negatively charged Cationic polyelectrolyte molecules forms spontaneous, entropy-driven PECs, which can be water-soluble or precipitated. Nonstoichiometric ratios of two Cationic polyelectrolytes lead to particle formation. For chitosan PEC particle formation, many investigators have used cation Cationic polyelectrolyte solution (chitosan) in excess of anionic Cationic polyelectrolytes (Schatz et al., 2004). The size of PECs is influenced by the Cationic polyelectrolyte concentration, charge density, mixing ratio, and pH. The charge density of the chitosan Cationic polyelectrolyte depends on the pH of the solution and degree of deacetylation (DDA) of chitosan. With increasing DDA (DDA >50%), positive charge density of the chitosan polymer increases and hence exhibits a large number of cross-linking sites to make PECs (Fan et al., 2012, Delair, 2011). The particle size of chitosan PECs decreases with decreases in DDA of chitosan and its molar mass (Schatz, 2004). Higher concentrations of low-molecular weight chitosan are required to form PECs with sufficient gel rigidity. High-molecular weight chitosan can form more robust PECs with highly cross-linked networks. Cationic polyelectrolytes (PEL) are polymers that carry charges within their backbone or in side chains. Usually, discrimination is made between weak and strong Cationic polyelectrolytes. Weak Cationic polyelectrolytes are polymers with weakly acidic or basic groups, which are protonated or deprotonated depending on the pH of the surrounding medium, resulting in a pH-dependent charge density. In contrast, the charge density in strong Cationic polyelectrolytes is not influenced by the pH. Cationic polyelectrolyte brushes exhibit interesting characteristics with respect to both theoretical and practical aspects because their behavior is fundamentally different from that of uncharged polymer brushes. In the case of strong Cationic polyelectrolyte brushes, in which the charge density is independent of the pH, the molecular structure and properties are dominated by electrostatic interactions. Mutual repulsion between charged polymer segments strongly influences the physical properties of the grafted layers. In weak Cationic polyelectrolyte brushes—in which the charge density of the chains depends on their protonation level—the chain conformation depends on the pH of the solution. In particular, the swelling of weak Cationic polyelectrolyte brushes in different solvents was extensively studied due to its importance for responsive polymer systems. Swelling depends on the nature of the solvent system, as well as its pH and the concentration and chemical nature of other ions in the solution. Furthermore, interactions with selected counterions can be used to tune the wettability of surfaces with anchored Cationic polyelectrolyte brushes. General aspects of Cationic polyelectrolytes and PEM films Cationic polyelectrolytes are ionizable polymers that change their polymeric conformations upon their environmental changes. They are of two types: strong and weak Cationic polyelectrolytes. Strong Cationic polyelectrolytes are charged over a wide pH range. Hence, it is a difficult task to manipulate the properties of the assembled film unless one takes specific measures to disturb the polymer-polymer interactions by controlling other stimuli such as ionic strength, temperature, and polarity. Unlike strong Cationic polyelectrolytes, weak Cationic polyelectrolytes are charged only in a smaller pH window; hence, their polymeric conformations can be easily modulated upon changing the pH of the external environment. The unique feature of PEM films assembled from weak Cationic polyelectrolytes is that they can be destroyed at extreme pH conditions as the pH-induced charge imbalances in the film overcompensate the attractive polymer-polymer interactions. Physicochemical properties of Cationic polyelectrolytes Cationic polyelectrolytes are macromolecules that, when dissolved in a polar solvent like water, have a (large) number of charged groups covalently linked to them. In general, Cationic polyelectrolytes may have various kinds of such groups. Homogeneous Cationic polyelectrolytes have only one kind of charged group, e. g. only carboxylate groups. If both negative (anionic) and positive (cationic) groups occur, we call such a molecule a polyampholyte. These Cationic polyelectrolytes will only be briefly discussed at the end of this chapter. Self-assembled structures, such as linear micelles or linear protein assemblies, also often have many charged groups; these structures may have properties very similar to those of Cationic polyelectrolytes, but we shall not deal with them in this chapter. Special properties of Cationic polyelectrolytes, as compared with uncharged polymers, are their generally excellent water solubility, their propensity to swell and bind large amounts of water, and their ability to interact strongly with oppositely charged surfaces and macromolecules. Because of these features, they are widely used as rheology and surface modifiers. These typical Cationic polyelectrolyte properties are intimately related to the strong electrostatic interactions in Cationic polyelectrolyte solutions and, hence, are sensitive to the solution pH and the amount and type of electrolytes present in the solution. Cationic polyelectrolytes show many applications in fields, such as in water treatment as flocculation agents, in ceramic slurries as dispersant agents, and in concrete mixtures as super-plasticizers. Furthermore, many shampoos, soaps, and cosmetics contain Cationic polyelectrolytes. Certain Cationic polyelectrolytes are also added to food products, for example, as food coatings and release agents. Some examples of Cationic polyelectrolytes are pectin (polygalacturonic acid), alginates (alginic acid), and carboxymethyl cellulose, of which the last one is of natural origin. Cationic polyelectrolytes are water soluble, but when crosslinking is created in Cationic polyelectrolytes they are not dissolved in water. Crosslinked Cationic polyelectrolytes swell in water and work as water absorbers and are known as hydrogels or superabsorbent polymers when slightly crosslinked. Superabsorbers can absorb water up to 500 times their weight and 30–60 times their own volume (Bolto and Gregory, 2007; Dobrynin and Rubinstein, 2005). Cationic polyelectrolyte membranes Cationic polyelectrolyte membranes are synthesized on surface of the charged supports via sequential coating of anionic and cationic Cationic polyelectrolytes. This assembly technique named as layer by layer (LbL) is attractive for the preparation of NF and RO membranes, and the obtained dense structure can limit passage of ions through the membranes. In this method, first, the initially charged membrane is soaked in the positive dilute solution of cationic Cationic polyelectrolyte. After that the membrane is removed from the solution and rinsed with water for elimination of the unbound molecules. Then the obtained positively charged membrane is immersed in the negative dilute solution of anionic Cationic polyelectrolyte followed by water rinsing. In each step, a small content of Cationic polyelectrolytes adsorbs on the membrane surface and consequently the previous charge of the membrane reverses. Multiple positive and negative layers onto the membrane surface cause the preparation of Cationic polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes. The number of formed Cationic polyelectrolyte layers has an essential role in water flux and salt rejection of the Cationic polyelectrolyte membranes. The higher number of the layers increases mass transfer resistance so water flux decreases. On the other hand, salt rejection increases with increment of the deposited dense Cationic polyelectrolyte layers. It is worth noting that there are an optimum number of layers that determine the membrane performance. The separation performance, thickness, surface hydrophilicity, and charge of the LbL membranes are affected by type, concentration, pH, and the layer number of the Cationic polyelectrolytes. pH-responsive Cationic polyelectrolyte shell Cationic polyelectrolyte complex holds a great deal of promise for the formation of inhibitor containers sensitive to the pH. Since there are various possibilities to change the permeability of Cationic polyelectrolyte multilayers, the use of Cationic polyelectrolyte complexes can control the interior of containers. Owing to the presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of most inorganic NPs, the majority of these particles are negatively charged at the surface; thus, oppositely charged layers of Cationic polyelectrolyte can be alternatingly deposited on the material through electrostatic interaction to prevent undesirable leakage of inhibitor. The release of additives with corrosion-inhibiting function, similar to the layer-by-layer Cationic polyelectrolyte corrosion-protective coatings, is controlled by varying the pH level, which changes the layer-by-layer Cationic polyelectrolyte permeability. In noncross-linked linear Cationic polyelectrolytes, the Cationic polyelectrolyte complexes, due to displaying electrostatic nature, are highly sensitive to the ionic strength and pH. If two types of strong Cationic polyelectrolytes constitute a Cationic polyelectrolyte complex, the obtained complex displays stability in a wide range of pH values and is able to be opened by raising the ionic strength of the solution and release the confined material. Conversely, if weak Cationic polyelectrolytes constitute the Cationic polyelectrolyte complex, the obtained complex can be damaged and destroyed by shifting the local pH to acidic for weak polyanions and to alkine for weak polycations. The Cationic polyelectrolyte complex consisting weak and strong Cationic polyelectrolytes displays sensitivity to the shift in the pH in only one direction, meaning that weak polyacid together with strong polybase can be used only for the release of inhibitors in acidic media and weak polyacid together with strong polybase for the release of inhibitors only in alkine media, whereas the Cationic polyelectrolyte complex composed of two weak Cationic polyelectrolytes constitutes a container shell, which displays sensitivity to the shift in the pH in both regions. Consequently, the Cationic polyelectrolyte shell of corrosion inhibitor carriers is able to prevent leakage of the corrosion inhibitor at nearly neutral pH and achieve smart release properties when corrosion commences with an alkine and acidic shift in the pH. The fabrication of inhibitor nanoreservoirs with sensitivity to either anodic or cathodic process or to both processes is possible by varying the Cationic polyelectrolyte shell material. Skorb and coworkers deposited Cationic polyelectrolyte shell using layer-by-layer method on the mesoporous silica NPs surface loaded with [2-(benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-succinic acid]. These NPs were doped in the sol–gel coating. The permeability of the shell increased in response to the alkaline and acidic region at the corroded surface, leading to releasing inhibitors. In addition, the zirconia–silica-based hybrid coating containing these NPs exhibited improved long-term protection against corrosion elements. Shi et al. fabricated submicrometer containers with the use of mesoporous silica particles and layer-by-layer method. The submicrometer containers constructed by this method exhibited higher corrosion inhibitor loading efficiency. The pH-triggered release of corrosion inhibitor as well as barrier effects of the matrix increased the corrosion protection performance. Electrosteric System Rheology Cationic polyelectrolytes are widely used as dispersants for high solids loaded colloids (>50 vol%). They combine principles of EDL and steric stabilization, or electrosteric stabilization, and they depend on pH and ionic strength, as Naito et al. discuss. At low solids loading (~20 vol%), viscosity is relatively low, and it is affected very little by pH changes. As solids loading increases, however, pH affects viscosity significantly. The amount of added Cationic polyelectrolyte also has a profound effect on colloidal rheology. It should be optimized to just saturate the surface. Additional Cationic polyelectrolytes result in excess amounts of polymer in the system, and excess polymer can cause depletion flocculation in high solids loaded systems. Conformation of adsorbed Cationic polyelectrolyte also plays an important role in rheological behavior of electrosterically stabilized colloids, and, in turn, Cationic polyelectrolyte conformation depends on the system’s pH. A detailed study of adsorption behavior on Al2O3 shows that Cationic polyelectrolyte adsorption on particles increases as pH decreases. Typically, a 10-fold increase of adsorbed amount is observed from the uncharged to the charged state. When pH increases or decreases beyond zero charge, the fraction of the Cationic polyelectrolyte dissociated moves toward 1. Hence, charges in the Cationic polyelectrolyte reCationic polyelectrolyte each other and the molecule stretches. At this moment, two models exist: the charged Cationic polyelectrolyte adsorbs flat on the surface or the Cationic polyelectrolyte adsorbs in a tail-like brush structure. Conformation shape of the adsorbed Cationic polyelectrolyte highly influences dispersion quality. Which types of structures – flat, pancake-like, or brush-like – are achieved depends on adsorption conditions and the materials involved. For pancake-like adsorption, the polymer only contributes short-range repulsive force, and EDL forces of the charged Cationic polyelectrolyte mainly contribute to stabilization via long-range interactions. For brush-style structures, the repulsion is much stronger, and true electrosteric contributions are present. Cationic polyelectrolytes can also be used as dispersants when they are uncharged, i.e. at their PZC. However, they will favor coil-like conformations. Hence, much higher molecular weights will be needed to achieve thicker layers of adsorbed polymer coils, and steric forces predominantly contribute to stabilization.
CECAJEL
Cecajel is used in pethod for preparing high-chroma high-brightness pearlescent pigments.
Cecajel is an important petrochemical intermediate, in the chemical production has penetrated into all fields, but at present its domestic production in a relatively surplus state, as a raw material to synthesize new surfactants, increase the added value of diethanolamine, both enriched the types of surfactants.
The Cecajel range is the leading additive technology for thickening of all acid formulations used as scale removers for sanitary installations and industrial equipment as well as for rust removal operations.

CAS: 25307-17-9
MF: C22H45NO2
MW: 355.6
EINECS: 246-807-3

Synonyms
2,2'-(octadec-9-enylimino)bisethanol;Ethanol, 2,2-(9-octadecenylimino)bis-;ARMOSTAT710;2,2'-(9-octadecenylimino)bis-Ethanol;Ethanol,2,2'-(9-octadecen-1-ylimino)bis-;bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oleylamine;2,2'-(9-Octadecen-1-ylimino)bisethanol

Cecajel Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 220-232 °C(Press: 0.5-1 Torr)
density: 0.8994 g/cm3
vapor pressure: 0.001Pa at 20℃
refractive index: 1.4730 (589.3 nm 20℃)
pka: 14.41±0.10(Predicted)
Water Solubility: 5.9mg/L at 23℃
LogP: 3.4 at 25℃
EPA Substance Registry System: Cecajel (25307-17-9)

Cecajel, also known as Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oleylamine or Oleylamin + 2 EO, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C22H45NO2.
Cecajel is a mono-constituent substance.
Cecajel has a predicted density of 0.917±0.06 g/cm3 and a predicted boiling point of 480.5±30.0 °C.
Cecajel's vapor pressure is 3E-11mmHg at 25°C, and it has a refractive index of 1.483.

Synthesis Analysis
The synthesis of 2,2’-(Octadec-9-enylimino)bisethanol involves the reaction of 1-bromooctadec-9-ene with the corresponding diethanolamine in the presence of anhydrous sodium carbonate.
The reaction is carried out in anhydrous ethanol as a solvent at 80°C for 8 hours.
CECAJEL 400
CECAJEL 400 is a mineral and organic acid thickener for TOILET GEL formulations:

CECAJEL 400 is a blend of fatty amine ethoxylates.

CECAJEL 400 is a thickener for all acid formulations used as scale removers for sanitary installations, industrial equipment, and rust removal operations.

CECAJEL 400 is recommended for mineral and organic acids to have increased viscosity that is stable between 0- 45°.

CECAJEL 400 enables good thixotropy for the final formulation.


CECAJEL 400 consists of 2,2'-(C16-18 (evennumbered) alkyl imino) diethanol and Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivs.

CECAJEL 400 consists of Ethanol, 2,2'-imino bis-, N-C16-18 alkyl derivs. and Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-C12-18 alkyl derivs.



% 75 ≤: PEG-2 HYDROGENATED TALLOW AMINE (Hydrogenated Tallow Amine 2 EO) (Cas No:61791-26-2)
% 25 >: PEG-2 Cocamine (Cocoamine 2 EO) (CAS No.:61791-14-8 )

or

% 75 ≤: Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-C16-18 alkyl derivs. ( Cas No: 1218787-30-4)
% 25 >: Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-C12-18 alkyl derivs. ( CAS No.: 61791-31-9)






Water (06-SOP-001): % 0 - 0,50 EN 13267
Color (06-SOP-003) VCS: 0 - 6,0
Alcalinity (06-SOP-004) meq/g: 2,85- 3,15
Alc. 3 / alc. tot. % : 96,70- 97,30
Tertiary alcalinity (06-SOP-021) meq/g: 2,74 -3,15




CHEMICAL NAME:
Blend of fatty amine ethoxylates.

APPLICATION OF CECAJEL 400:
Thickening of all acid formulations used as scale removers for sanitary installations, industrial equipment, and rust removal operations.

USE OF CECAJEL 400:
Recommended for both mineral and organic acids when the following characteristics are required:
- increased viscosity
- viscosity, which is stable in time
- viscosity, which is stable in the temperature cycle (0-45°)
- good thixotropy

CECAJEL 400 should always be homogenized before use.



Formulations including PEG-2 HYDROGENATED TALLOW AMINE and PEG-2 Cocamine



Domestos Total Hygiene Disinfectant toilet cleaning gel Lime Fresh
Product Description: Toilet cleaning gel
Product type: liquid

Sulfamic acid
Hydrogen peroxide
PEG-2 HYDROGENATED TALLOW AMINE
PEG-2 Cocamine


Glorix O2
Toilet Gel
Product type: liquid

Sulfamic acid
Hydrogen peroxide
PEG-2 HYDROGENATED TALLOW AMINE
PEG-2 Cocamine



Domestos Aktiv Power Ocean Wave
Citric acid
Hydrogen Peroxide
PEG-2 Hydrogenated Tallow Amine
PEG-2 Cocamine
Benzalkonium Chloride






Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated
EC / List no.: 500-153-8
CAS no.: 61791-26-2
Substance names and other identifiers


Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated

Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated
1 - 4.5 moles ethoxylated

Tallow amines, polyoxyethylene derivs
1 - 4.5 moles ethoxylated

IUPAC names
a-[{2-hydroxyethyl)poly(ethane-1,2-diyloxy}(tallow)amino]-w-(2-hydroxyethyl)poly(ethane-1,2-diyloxy)

Amines, C16-18 alkyl, ethoxylated, 5-25EO

Amines, tallow alkyl, EO~

AMINES, TALLOW ALKYL, ETHOXYLATED

Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated

Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated (2EO)

Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated (9-15 EO)

Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated (EO=2)

AMINES, TALLOW ALKYL, ETHOXYLATED 5-40EO

Amines, tallow, ethoxylated

ethoxylated alkylamines

not available

Polyethoxylated Tallow Amine

Polyethoxylated tallow amine

Tallow alkylamine ethoxylate

Tallow alkylamine ethoxylate with 15 mol EO

Tallow amine ethoxylate

Trade names
Leunapon-P






Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated
Substance identity

EC / List no.: 500-152-2
CAS no.: 61791-14-8


Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated
1 - 4.5 moles ethoxylated


IUPAC names
(Coconut oil alkyl) amine, ethoxylated

(Coconut oil alkyl)amine, ethoxylated

Amines coco alkyl ethoxylated

Amines, C12-18 alkyl, ethoxylated, 15 EO

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated

amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated (12EO)

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated (2-4 EO)

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated (2EO)

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated 1 - 4.5 moles ethoxylated

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated

aminy, kokosový alkyl, ethoxylované

Coco alkylamine ethoxylate

Cocoamine ethoxylated

Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate 2 - 4 EO

Cocosfettaminoxethylat (< 2,5 mol EO)

Ethomeen C25

Fatty amine ethoxylated

not available

Polyoxyethylene (5) coco alkylamines


Trade names
(Coconut oil alkyl)amine, ethoxylated

Aduxol CAM 02; 2-EO

Alkyl(de coco)amines éthoxylées

Amiet 102

Amiet CD 17; 5-EO

Amin, Kokosalkyl, ethoxyliert

Amine, Kokos + EO

Amine, Koko's alkyl, ethoxyliert

Amine, Kokos, ethoxyliert

Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated

Amines, coco alkylbis(polyoxyethylene)

Amines, coconut, ethoxylated

Araphen K 100 ged.; 12-EO

Araphen K 100; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

Arosurf MG 160

Berol 307

BK 1057 damped; 12-EO

BK 1057 F200E GV; 12-EO

BK 1057 F200E; 12-EO

BK 1057 ged.; 12-EO

BK 1057 GEDAEMPFT; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

BK 1057; 12-EO; 99% Active Matter; active substance

Chemeen C 10

Chemeen C 12G

Chemeen C 2

Coco alkyl amine with EO

Coco amines, ethoxylated

Cocoamin + 12 EO; 12-EO

COCOSAMIN 2,2 EO; 2,2-EO; 99-99% Active Matter; active substance

Crodamet 02

Crodamet C 20

Crodamet C 5

Dehydat 50; 2-EO

Dehymin + 6.2 EO; 6,2-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

DEHYMIN BASE 10; 10-EO

Dehymin DK + 3.8 EO; 3,8-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

DEHYQUART K 1705; 2-EO

Emulgator 87; 5-EO

ETHAOMEEN C 25; 15-EO

Ethomeen C

Ethomeen C 12

Ethomeen C 15

Ethomeen C 20

Ethomeen C 25

Ethomeen C/15; 5-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

ETHOMEEN C/25; 15-EO

Ethox CAM 15

Ethoxylated coco alkyl amines

Ethylan TLM

Eumulgin PA 12; 12-EO

Eumulgin PA 2; 2-EO

Fettamin + 12 EO, Kokos; 12-EO

Fettamin + 2 EO, Kokos; 2-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 10EO; 10-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 12.5EO; 12,5-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 12EO; 12-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 15EO; 15-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 2,2EO; 2,2-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 20EO; 20-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 2EO; 2-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 3,8EO; 3,8-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 30EO; 30-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 3EO; 3-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 4EO; 4-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 5EO; 5-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 6,2EO; 6,2-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + 7EO; 7-EO

FM C8-18/18:1 COC + nEO; n-EO

Genamin C

Genamin C 050; 5-EO

Genamin C 100; 10-EO

Genamin C 200

Genamin C 200; 20-EO

GENAMIN C020; 2-EO

Genamin CC 100D

HE 1126; 4-EO

HE 1127; 20-EO

HE 1128; 30-EO

HE 1132; 7-EO

Hostastat FA 14; 2-EO

IMBENTIN-CAM/120; 12-EO

K 1168 100 %; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

K 1168; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

K 1186; 12-EO

K 1705 W; 2-EO

K 1705; 2-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance

K 215

Katax 570 N; 12-EO

Kokosalkylamin mit EO

Kokosamin + 12 EO; 12-EO

Kokosamin + 2 EO; 2-EO

Kokosamin + 2-EO

Kokosamin + 5 EO; 5-EO

Kokosamin + EO

Kokosamin, ethoxyliert

Kostat P 650/5

Lowenol C-243; 3-EO

LUTENSOL FA 12 K; 12-EO

LUTOSTAT MSW 16 180KG; 2-EO

Lutostat MSW 16; 2-EO

Mazeen C 2

Mazeen C 5

Mezeen C 5

Nissan Nymeen F 215

Noramox C

Noramox C 11

Noramox C 11; 11-EO

Noramox C 12.5; 12,5-EO

Nymeen F 215

OE 4033; 2-EO

OMC 270; 12-EO

Optamine PC 5

PEG-10 cocamine

PEG-10 cocamine (INCI)

PEG-15 cocamine

PEG-15 cocamine (INCI)

PEG-2 cocamine

PEG-2 cocamine (INCI)

PEG-20 cocamine

PEG-20 cocamine (INCI)

PEG-3 cocamine

PEG-3 cocamine (INCI)

PEG-5 cocamine

PEG-5 cocamine (INCI)

PRODUKT BK 1057; 12-EO

PRODUKT BK 1057GEDAEMPFT; 12-EO

Rhodameen C 5

RIDOSOL 1057 #KN25#; unbekannt1

Ridosol 1057; unbekannt1

Rofamin KD 3

Varonic K 202

Varonic K 205

Varonic K 205LC

Varonic K 209

Varonic K 210

Varonic K 210LC

Varonic K 215

Varonic K 215LC







Ethanol, 2,2'-imino bis-, N-C16-18 alkyl derivs.
EC / List no.: 620-539-0
CAS no.: 1218787-30-4
IUPAC names
2,2'-(C16-18 (even numbered) alkyl imino) diethanol
2,2'-(C16-18 (evennumbered) alkyl imino) diethanol
2,2'-(C16-18 (evennumbered) alkyl imino) diethanol
2,2'-(C16-18 (evennumbered, C18 unsaturated) alkyl imino) diethanol
PFAEO C16-18 co-registration
Trade names
ARMOSTAT 600-XP
NORAMOX







Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-C12-18 alkyl derivs.
EC / List no.: 263-163-9
CAS no.: 61791-31-9
Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivs.
Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivs.
Pre-Registration process

IUPAC names
amines coco alkyl, ethoxylated
Amines, coco alkyl, ethoxylated
Cocamide DEA
Coconut fatty acid diethanolamide
Ethanol, 2,2"-iminobis-,N-coco alkyl derivs.
Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivitives
Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivs
Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivs.
ethanol, 2,2’-iminobis, N-coco alkyl derivatives
N-Cocoalkly-2,2'-iminobisethanol







OTHER PRODUCTS OF ATAMAN CHEMICALS THAT MIGHT BE OF INTEREST:

• Oleyl Amine 2 EO
• Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose - HES
• Carboxy Methyl Cellulose - CMC
• Coco Amine Oxide
• Cationic Thickener
• Guar Hydroxy Propyl Trimonium Chloride
• Tallow Amine 2 EO
CEKOL 10000
DESCRIPTION:

The innovative CEKOL 10000 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a bio-based and biodegradable hydrocolloid, making it a preferred sustainable choice.
The grades and functionality of the CMC can be tailored for specific uses such as for battery, pharmaceutical, food, and personal care applications.
CEKOL 10000 CMC is a water-soluble polymer derived from wood or cotton cellulose and produced to a minimum of 99.5% purity.


Cas-No, 9004-32-4


The product hydrates and dissolves readily in hot and cold water and, as it is manufactured from wood cellulose, it fulfills GMO-free requirements.
By choosing the right type of CEKOL 10000 CMC, formulators can achieve the desired rheology for any aqueous system, including suspensions and emulsions. In addition to controlling the rheology, CEKOL 10000 CMC is known for its excellent water retaining and film forming capacity.

CEKOL 10000 or sodium CMC, is a water soluble polymer derived from wood and cotton cellulose by introducing carboxymethyl groups on the cellulose backbone.
The formed anionic cellulose molecule hydrates and dissolves readily in water.
CEKOL 10000 is one of the most versatile water soluble colloids and has the ability to form viscous solutions in both cold and warm water.


CEKOL 10000 is a highly purified sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
CEKOL 10000 is used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries where a tasteless, odorless, non-toxic thickener, stabilizer or dispersant is required.



USES OF CEKOL 10000:
CEKOL 10000 is used as Stabilizer
CEKOL 10000 is used as Thickening agent

CEKOL 10000 is used as Food additive
CEKOL 10000 is used in Pharmaceuticals

CEKOL 10000 is used as film former
CEKOL 10000 is used as stabilizer
CEKOL 10000 is used as suspending and gelling agent in liquid and semi-solid dosage forms.

CEKOL 10000 is used as High strength tablet binder and matrix former in sustained-release tablet formulations.
CEKOL 10000 is Also used as a bulk laxative, Thickener



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CEKOL 10000:
Cas-No, 9004-32-4
Physical State Solid. Powder.
Color White to off-white
Odor Odorless pH: 6.5 - 8.0 solution (1 %)
Decomposition Temperature 240 °C
Upper Unknown Lower min 125 g/m3
NaCMC content min. 99.5% (dry basis)
Moisture as packed max. 10%
Sodium chloride content max. 0.5% (dry basis)
Sodium glycolate content max. 0.4% (dry basis)
Degree of substitution 0.75 – 0.85
Sodium content 7.5 – 9.0
Sulphated ash content 23.0 – 27.0 pH (1% solution) 6.5 – 8.0
Viscosity, 1%, 25ºC 1000 – 1500 mPa.s
Other characteristics :
White to cream powder
Odourless
Neutral taste
Typical particle size: > 0.075 mm : max 20% > 0.25 mm : max 0.5%


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT CEKOL 10000:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
CEKOL 10000
CEKOL 10000 is a highly purified sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
CEKOL 10000 is used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries where a tasteless, odorless, non-toxic thickener, stabilizer or dispersant is required.
CEKOL 10000 is a water-soluble polymer.

CAS: 9004-32-4
MF: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
EINECS: 618-378-6

Synonyms
Aquacide I, Calbiochem;Aquacide II, Calbiochem;Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose sodium;Cellex;Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, sodium;cellulose gum;SODIUM CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE (CMC);SCMC(SODIUM CARBOXY METHYL CELULLOSE;SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE;9004-32-4;sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate;Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP);Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether;Celluvisc (TN);Carmellose sodium (JP17);CHEMBL242021;SCHEMBL25311455;C.M.C. (TN);CHEBI:31357;Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000);D01544;M.W. 700000(DS=0.9) ,2500 - 4500mPa.s

CEKOL 10000 is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
CEKOL 10000 is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
CEKOL 10000 used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.
As a solution in water, it has thixotropic properties.
CEKOL 10000 is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).
CEKOL 10000 is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).
However, its sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.
CEKOL 10000 is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.
CEKOL 10000 is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.

CEKOL 10000 belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.
CEKOL 10000's components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.
CEKOL 10000 is a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.
CEKOL 10000 is tackifier, at room temperature, it is non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder, it is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, it is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.
CEKOL 10000 is the substituted product of cellulosic carboxymethyl group.
According to their molecular weight or degree of substitution, CEKOL 10000 can be completely dissolved or insoluble polymer, the latter can be used as the weak acid cation of exchanger to separate neutral or basic proteins.
CEKOL 10000 can form highly viscous colloidal solution with adhesive, thickening, flowing, emulsifying, shaping, water, protective colloid, film forming, acid, salt, suspensions and other characteristics, and it is physiologically harmless, so it is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, paper, textiles, construction and other areas of production.

A semisynthetic, water-soluble polymer in which CH2COOH groups are substituted on the glucose units of the cellulose chain through an ether link- age.
Mw ranges from 21,000 to 500,000.
Since the reaction occurs in an alkaline medium, CEKOL 10000 is the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid R-O- CH 2 COONa.
CEKOL 10000, also known as Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, is a versatile product widely used in various industries.
CEKOL 10000 possesses moderate viscosity that greatly influences its performance across diverse applications.
This top-quality product is carefully manufactured to meet the highest standards and ensures excellent results.

CEKOL 10000 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
form: low viscosity
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: CEKOL 10000 (9004-32-4)

Uses
CEKOL 10000 is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
CEKOL 10000 is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
CEKOL 10000 is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
CEKOL 10000 is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
CEKOL 10000 is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
CEKOL 10000 is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Due to the fact that the acid form of CMC has poor water solubility, CEKOL 10000 is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.

CEKOL 10000 is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
CEKOL 10000 is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
CEKOL 10000 is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
CEKOL 10000 is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
CEKOL 10000 can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.
Quality product can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.

Use warm water or cold water when preparing the solution, and stir till it completely melts.
The amout of added water depends on variety and the use of multiple requirements.
High viscosity CEKOL 10000 is a white or slightly yellow fibrous powder, hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, easy to ferment, insoluble in acids, alcohols and organic solvents, easily dispersed to form colloidal solution in water.
CEKOL 10000 is reacted by the acid and fibrous cotton, it is mainly used for water-based drilling fluids tackifier, it has certain role of fluid loss, it has strong salt and temperature resistance especially.

CEKOL 10000 is a thickener, binder, and emulsifier equivalent to cellulose fiber.
CEKOL 10000 is resistant to bacterial decomposition and provides a product with uniform viscosity.
CEKOL 10000 can prevent skin moisture loss by forming a film on the skin’s surface, and also help mask odor in a cosmetic product.
Constituents are any of several fibrous substances consisting of the chief part of a plant’s cell walls (often extracted from wood pulp or cotton).
In drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.
As stabilizer in foods.
Pharmaceutic aid (suspending agent; tablet excipient; viscosity-increasing agent).

CEKOL 10000 is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
CEKOL 10000 acts as a stabilizer in foods.
CEKOL 10000 is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
CEKOL 10000 is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.
CEKOL 10000 is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.

Pharmaceutical Applications
CEKOL 10000 is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic derivative.
CEKOL 10000 is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, primarily for its viscosity-increasing properties.
Viscous aqueous solutions are used to suspend powders intended for either topical application or oral and parenteral administration.
CEKOL 10000 may also be used as a tablet binder and disintegrant, and to stabilize emulsions.
Higher concentrations, usually 3–6%, of the medium-viscosity grade are used to produce gels that can be used as the base for applications and pastes; glycols are often included in such gels to prevent them drying out.

CEKOL 10000 is also used in self-adhesive ostomy, wound care, and dermatological patches as a muco-adhesive and to absorb wound exudate or transepidermal water and sweat.
This muco-adhesive property is used in products designed to prevent post-surgical tissue adhesions; and to localize and modify the release kinetics of active ingredients applied to mucous membranes; and for bone repair.
Encapsulation with CEKOL 10000 can affect drug protection and delivery.
There have also been reports of its use as a cyto-protective agent.
CEKOL 10000 is also used in cosmetics, toiletries, surgical prosthetics, and incontinence, personal hygiene, and food products.

Synthesis
CEKOL 10000 is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by CEKOL 10000 groups in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alkalinization and etherification.

Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O

Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.
ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O
Cell·O-Na+ +ClCH2COO- →Cell-OCH2COO-Na
The DS of the sodium CMC can be controlled by the reaction conditions and use of organic solvents (such as isopropanol).

Production Methods
Alkali cellulose is prepared by steeping cellulose obtained from wood pulp or cotton fibers in sodium hydroxide solution.
The alkaline cellulose is then reacted with sodium monochloroacetate to produce CEKOL 10000.
Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate are obtained as by-products of this etherification.

Preparation
CEKOL 10000 is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into CEKOL 10000.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% CEKOL 10000 and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
This product, called technical CEKOL 10000, is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure CEKOL 10000, which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.
CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a water soluble polymer derived from wood and cotton cellulose by introducing carboxymethyl groups on the cellulose backbone.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a tasteless, odorless, thickener, stabilizer, or dispersant.


Cas Number: 9004-32-4
MDL number: MFCD00081472
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)



Carboxymethylcellulose, carmellose, E466, Cellulose gum, CMC, Sodium CMC, Sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, NaCMC, Carbose, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Carmellose, Carmelosa, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Cellulose gum, Thylose, Carboxymethylcellulose, carmellose, E466, Cellulose gum, CMC,
Sodium CMC, Sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, NaCMC,



CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a highly purified Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), based on sustainably sourced cellulose.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum, Sodium Salt is the most often used form of cellulose gum.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a versatile additive due to its ability to retain water, thicken liquids, regulate flow properties,
suspend and stabilize dispersion and act as a film forming agent.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum’s white or slightly yellow flocculent fiber powder or White powder, odorless, tasteless, non-toxicant anionic water-soluble polymer based on renewable cellulosic raw material.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a hexose containing CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum, acetic acid, sodium and mannose components.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a water-dispersible sodium salt of the carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose, forming a clear colloidal solution.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a hygroscopic material with more than 50% water absorption at high humidity.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a highly purified Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is supplied as a white to cream-colored powder.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in the detergent, food and textile industries.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is in the Gut Most likely, you’ve never heard of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum or cellulose gum.
However, most people consume CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum on a regular basis.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a tasteless, odorless, thickener, stabilizer, or dispersant.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a food additive used as a thickening, binding and emulsifying agent in foods and other products.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is produced by reacting natural cellulose—plant fiber—with “chloroacetic acid” in an alkaline solution.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a component in many lubricants used in the treatment of DED in Europe.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a highly purified Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a tasteless and odourless thickener, stabilizer or dispersant.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a highly purified Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose.
In cell culture studies, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum binding to matrix proteins stimulated HCEC attachment, migration, and reepithelialization of corneal wounds.


In a randomized, controlled, multicenter study comparing CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum alone to CMC with HA, CMC alone was able to significantly reduce subjective symptoms, tear film BUT, and ocular surface staining.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is supplied as a white to cream-colored powder.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a tasteless, odorless, thickener, stabilizer, or dispersant.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is soluble in water at any temperature.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used in combination or as substitute for HA.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has been shown to bind to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) probably through interaction of its glucopyranose subunits with glucose transporters.
Because of its highly hygroscopic nature, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum hydrates rapidly.
Rapid hydration may cause agglomeration and lump formation when the CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is introduced into water.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a cellulose derivative which is synthesised by the reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid in basic solution.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum (CMC), also known as sodium CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum, sodium CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum.
The full English name is CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum, CAS No.9004-32-4.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is obtained by carboxymethylation of cellulose.
As such, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum cannot be considered to be a natural product.
However, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is safe to use in food production as it is not degraded or reabsorbed in humans.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is one of the major ingredients widely used in food industry as thickener, stabilizer, and viscosity modifier in a large number of different types of foods including ice cream, frozen foods, and beverages.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is granular or fibrous powder, blank or slightly yellowish or greyish, slightly hygroscopic, odourless and tasteless.
This may be proposed in the form of a concentrate for solution in wine prior to use.


Solutions must contain at least 3,5 % CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is derived from regular cellulose, gives many processed foods their desired texture and appearance.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is one of the water-soluble cellulose derivatives.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also available together with osmoprotective levocarnithine and erythritol.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has function of thickening, emulsifying, suspension, water retention, tenacity strengthening, puffing and preservation in food.
In food, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can improve taste, promote product level and quality and prolong storage life.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is the major cellulose ether.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a cellulose derivative that consists of the cellulose backbone made up of glucopyranose monomers and their hydroxyl groups bound to carboxymethyl groups.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is added in food products as a viscosity modifier or thickener and emulsifier.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used Skin Care, Hair Care, Oral Care, Home Care, and Liquid Laudry
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used Cleansing, shampoos, Styling, Hand / foot / nail care, Facial care, Body care, Bath and shower, scrubs, Cleansers, soaps, After sun, Protection


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, drilling, paper, textile, printing and dyeing industry, construction and other fields has been widely used in production.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is widely used in many kinds of processed foods, from ice cream and sauces to salad dressings and bakery products.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used in several drug delivery and tissue engineering purposes.
The release of apomorphine, a drug used to regulate motor responses in Parkinson’s disease, was successfully incorporated into CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum powder formulation and exhibited a sustained nasal release, and performed better than starch-based delivery vehicle.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has a remarkable capacity to improve texture, enhance the appearance of food items as well as lengthen their shelf life.
That’s why CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum becomes an ideal choice among cooks and chefs alike.
It may surprise you how much CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum goes into making your favorite snacks.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum hydrogels having pH-dependent swelling characteristics were capable of releasing entrapped drug at the right pH present in the tissue of interest and showed great potential as a wound dressing material.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum hydrogels could be used for encapsulating cells of nucleus pulposis and hence are a potential replacement for intervertebral disk degeneration.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum's water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.


Most popular dishes contain CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum!
Thanks to its versatility, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can bring out the best taste while keeping food fresh for longer periods at the same time - all thanks to one powerful secret ingredient: CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has been combined with chitosan and hydroxyapatite for bone and dental regeneration purposes too.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with silicon-containing anodes.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also used in ice packs to form a eutectic mixture resulting in a lower freezing point, and therefore more cooling capacity than ice.
Aqueous solutions of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum have also been used to disperse carbon nanotubes, where the long CMC molecules are thought to wrap around the nanotubes, allowing them to be dispersed in water.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a versatile food additive derived from cellulose with water solubility, viscosity, and emulsification properties.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum, a food additive sourced from the cellulose found in plant cell walls, is widely regarded for its solubility and viscosity.
In conservation-restoration, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used as an adhesive or fixative.


Due to its high solubility and clarity of its solutions, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is commonly used in beverages and beverage dry mixes to provide rich mouthfeel.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also used in acidified protein drinks to stabilize protein and prevent it from precipitating.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can be used to enhance various foods (think the better texture of ice cream or stabilize salad dressings), making it essential in our lives as consumers of processed foods.
Its advantages over other ingredients make CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum an invaluable asset for countless products on store shelves today.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is found in numerous products.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is commonly used as a thickener in ice cream and yogurt, beverages, desserts and baked goods.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum’s also found in cosmetics, eye drops and toothpaste.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a crystallisation inhibitor used to infer cold stability on wines and was approved for winemaking in Australia in 2011.
Non-food application of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum includes its usage in formulations for cleaning products such as detergents, rheology modifiers and co-binders for papermaking, and formulation of oil drilling solvents.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also added to syrup and sauce formulations to increase viscosity.
Bakery is another application where CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is commonly used to improve the quality and the consistency of the end product.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum provides functional benefits such as texture enhancement, appearance improvement, and shelf life extension in processed foods.


In tortilla breads, for example, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used to improve the process ability of the dough and the textural properties of the end product, including foldability and rollability.
Because of its good functional properties, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has been widely used in the food industry.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum also promotes the rapid and healthy development of the food industry to a certain extent.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum inhibits tartaric precipitation through a "protective colloid" effect.
At the same time, because of its good balance and easy control, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can be used as thickener, flow improver and stabilizer for various textile printing pastes.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used in the ceramic industry as an excipient, plasticizer, and reinforcing agent for blanks.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used for the base glaze and top glaze of ceramic tiles, which can keep the glaze in a stable dispersion state.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is mainly used in printing glaze to thicken, bond and disperse.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can be used to stabilize palletized iron nanoparticles, which can further be utilized in the dichlorination of contaminated sub surfaces.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum may also be used as a polymeric matrix to form a composite with a crystalline nanofibril for the development of sustainable bio-based polymers.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has been used successfully in gastrointestinal drug delivery.
Hence, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is seen as a successful drug delivery system for mucosal tissue.
Apart from drug delivery, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is useful as a scaffold in tissue engineering.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can also bind with a hard carbon electrode for the fabrication of sodium ion-batteries.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where it acts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum's aqueous solution has the functions of thickening, film-forming, bonding, moisture retention, colloid protection, emulsification and suspension, and is widely used in textiles, ceramics, petroleum, food, medicine and papermaking and other industries.
When CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used in the textile, printing and dyeing industries, the textile industry uses CMC as a sizing agent for light yarn sizing of cotton, silk wool, chemical fibers, blended and other strong materials.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is a compound used as an ophthalmic lubricant.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also one of the most common viscous polymers used in artificial tears, and has shown to be effective in the treatment of aqueous tear-deficient dry eye symptoms and ocular surface staining


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.


Because of its highly hygroscopic nature, CMC hydrates rapidly.
Rapid hydration may cause agglomeration and lump formation when the CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum powder is introduced into water.
Lump creation can be eliminated by applying high agitation while the powder is added into the water or preblending the CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum powder with other dry ingredients such as sugar before adding into water.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum (cellulose gum) for oenological use is prepared exclusively from wood by treatment with alkali and monochloroacetic acid or its sodium salt.
The viscous and mucoadhesive properties as well as its anionic charge allow prolonged retention time in the ocular surface.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is the most commonly used salt.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is widely used in petroleum industry drilling mud treatment agent, synthetic detergent, organic lotion, textile printing and dyeing sizing agent, daily chemical products water-soluble viscosifier, pharmaceutical industry adhesive and emulsifier, food industry thickening agent, ceramic industry adhesive, industrial paste, paper industry sizing agent, etc.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can be used as flocculant in water treatment, mainly used in wastewater sludge treatment, and can improve the solid content of filter cake.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is also a thickener.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used in a variety of industries as a thickener and/or to prepare stable emulsions in both food and non-food products.


Insoluble microgranular CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used as a cation-exchange resin in ion-exchange chromatography for purification of proteins.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has also been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex).
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used to stabilized palatized iron nanoparticles, which can also be used for dichlorination of contaminated surfaces.


CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can also be used as a polymeric matrix to form a composite with a crystalline nanofibril for the development of sustainable bio-based polymers.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is used as a thickener and stabilizer in foods.



DEFINITION AND ORIGIN OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
By altering the cellulose structure through a process involving alkali and monochloroacetic acid, carboxymethyl groups are produced that give CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum its special properties.

Originating from plant cell walls such as wood pulp and cottonseeds, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is able to act effectively as a food additive with characteristics like texture improvement, longer shelf life, and more powerful performance in general for all food additives.
This makes CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum highly suitable for use in various kinds of foods where these unique qualities can be exploited.



FUNCTIONS OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
film former, stabilizer, suspending and gelling agent in liquid and semi-solid dosage forms. High strength tablet binder and matrix former in sustained-release tablet formulations. Also used as a bulk laxative, Thickener



FEATURES OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
*Rheology Modifier
*Thickener
*Binder
*Stabilizer
*Protective Colloid
*Film Former
*Suspending Agent
*Gelling Agent
*Water Retention
*And Flow Control Agent.



PROPERTIES OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
Food products incorporating CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum are popular due to its water solubility, viscosity, and emulsion ability.
All of these traits contribute to making CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum an ideal food additive, improving the look and shelf life of processed foods.
Overall, CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum is considered safe for consumption in most cases.
There can be rare allergic reactions such as rash or difficulty breathing, which should not be ignored.



SOLUBILITY OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum dissolves readily in water or wine, but should be left to swell overnight.
Dry/granular forms of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum might be difficult to prepare in some wineries, as very vigorous stirring can be required to dissolve the CMC due to high viscosity.
It is suggested that liquid forms of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum are easier to handle in large quantities.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum can be diluted with wine to the required volume of the product, which can then be added to the wine tank with homogenisation.



PROTEIN STABILITY OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum has the ability to crosslink with proteins in wine to form a haze. Consequently, wines must be protein stable before any CMC additions.
In fact, a wine must be ‘bottle ready’ before making a CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum addition and no subsequent physicochemical modifications can be made after the addition.

That is, all blending, acid adjustments or deacidification treatment, concentrate additions etc. must be made and the wine must be free of any particulate matter before CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum treatment.
Note that lysozyme is a protein and can generate a haze if present with CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum.



FILTRATION OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
Manufacturers of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum generally do not recommend any filtering operations at all within a minimum of 24 to 48 hours after the CMC addition.
CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum needs to be fully solvated before attempting to filter, otherwise filters might block and it might be removed from solution.
Consequently, it is recommended that two to five days be allowed for the CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum to integrate fully with the wine before any filtration.



ADDITION RATE OF CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
Different CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gums vary in their degree of polymerisation and the degree of substitution.
Therefore, different CMCs will vary in their effectiveness.
Consequently, the rate of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum used should be that specified by the manufacturer.

In general, the rate of CEKOL 150 Cellulose Gum specified by the manufacturer is sufficient to achieve stability but the actual required effective dose can be wine variety dependent.
In the case of wines with a high tartrate loading, or in the case of rosé wines, a trial should be conducted in order to determine the rate required.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
Chemical formula: variable
Molar mass: variable
Physical state: solid
Color: light yellow
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point: > 300,05 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 250 °C -

pH: at 10 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: 1,59
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CEKOL 150 CELLULOSE GUM:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

CEKOL 20000 P

Cekol 20000 P is a versatile water-soluble polymer.
Cekol 20000 P is derived from cellulose, a natural polymer found in plants.
Cekol 20000 P appears as a white to off-white, odorless, and tasteless powder.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: CMC, Cellulose gum, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium CMC, Cellulose sodium, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Cellulose carboxymethylate, Carboxymethylated cellulose, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Cellulose sodium glycolate, Cellulose sodium carboxymethyl ether, Cellulose sodium carboxymethylate, Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium salt of cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Cellulose carboxymethyl sodium, Sodium cellulose carboxylic acid, Sodium cellulose ether carboxymethyl, Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose, Cellulose carboxylic acid, Carboxymethylated cellulose sodium, Sodium salt of cellulose carboxymethylate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Sodium cellulose ether carboxymethylate, Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate, Cellulose sodium salt carboxymethyl, Sodium cellulose carboxylic acid, Sodium cellulose glycolic acid, Cellulose sodium carboxylate, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose



APPLICATIONS


Cekol 20000 P is commonly used as a thickening agent in various food products such as sauces, dressings, and soups.
Cekol 20000 P serves as a stabilizer in ice cream and other frozen desserts, preventing crystallization and improving texture.

Cekol 20000 P is added to baked goods like bread and cakes to improve dough stability and increase shelf life.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a binder in tablet formulations to improve the cohesion and disintegration of tablets.

Cekol 20000 P is utilized in the production of ophthalmic solutions and eye drops as a lubricant and viscosity enhancer.
Cekol 20000 P is added to toothpaste formulations to provide thickness and improve the consistency of the product.
Cekol 20000 P is employed in personal care products such as lotions, creams, and shampoos as a thickener and stabilizer.

In the textile industry, Cekol 20000 P is used as a sizing agent to improve the strength and handle of fabrics.
Cekol 20000 P is added to latex paints as a thickener and rheology modifier to improve flow properties and prevent settling of pigments.

Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of adhesives and sealants as a rheology modifier and binder, improving bonding strength and stability.
In the construction industry, it is used in cement-based materials such as mortar and grout to improve workability and adhesion.

Cekol 20000 P is employed in the production of paper and paperboard as a surface sizing agent to improve surface strength and printability.
Cekol 20000 P is added to detergents and cleaning products to provide viscosity and stabilize formulations, improving cleaning efficacy.
Cekol 20000 P is used in the production of biodegradable films and coatings for packaging, providing barrier properties and moisture resistance.

In the agricultural sector, it is utilized in crop protection formulations as a suspending agent and dispersant, enhancing the effectiveness of agrochemicals.
Cekol 20000 P is added to drilling fluids in the oil and gas industry to control viscosity and fluid loss during drilling operations.

Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of battery electrolytes to improve viscosity and ion conductivity, enhancing battery performance.
Cekol 20000 P is employed in the production of ceramic products as a binder and rheology modifier, aiding in shaping and glazing processes.
Cekol 20000 P is used in the production of hydrocolloid dressings for wound care applications, providing moisture retention and promoting wound healing.

Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of dietary supplements and pharmaceutical formulations as a binder and disintegrant in tablet compression.
Cekol 20000 P is added to textile printing pastes to improve color penetration and definition, enhancing print quality and durability.

Cekol 20000 P is utilized in the production of artificial tears and eye lubricants to improve ocular surface hydration and comfort.
In the pet care industry, it is added to grooming products such as shampoos and conditioners for its thickening and emulsifying properties.
Cekol 20000 P is employed in the production of ceramic membranes for water filtration, improving separation efficiency and water quality.

Cekol 20000 P is a versatile polymer with a wide range of applications across various industries, contributing to product performance and functionality.
Cekol 20000 P is used in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate oral suspensions and emulsions, enhancing stability and palatability.
Cekol 20000 P is added to topical creams and lotions for skin care applications to provide emulsifying and thickening properties.

Cekol 20000 P is employed in the production of ceramic glazes and slurries to improve flow properties and adhesion to substrates.
In the oil and gas industry, it is used in well drilling fluids to control viscosity and prevent fluid loss, ensuring efficient drilling operations.

Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of textile sizing agents for warp sizing and desizing processes in weaving.
Cekol 20000 P is added to hair care products such as styling gels and mousses for its thickening and film-forming properties.

Cekol 20000 P is used in the formulation of veterinary pharmaceuticals such as oral suspensions and ointments for animal health care.
In the construction industry, it is employed in gypsum-based products such as joint compounds and plasters to improve workability and adhesion.

Cekol 20000 P is added to ceramic body formulations for pottery and tile production to improve plasticity and reduce cracking during drying.
Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of cosmetic creams and lotions as a stabilizer and thickener to enhance product texture and consistency.
Cekol 20000 P is utilized in the production of latex foam mattresses and pillows as a stabilizer and binder, improving foam properties and durability.

In the food industry, it is added to processed meats such as sausages and meatballs as a binder and moisture retainer to improve texture and juiciness.
Cekol 20000 Pis employed in the formulation of printing inks for flexographic and gravure printing processes to improve ink viscosity and flow properties.

Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of ceramic tiles and sanitaryware as a binder and rheology modifier, enhancing shaping and glazing processes.
Cekol 20000 P is added to water-based drilling fluids in geotechnical and environmental drilling to improve borehole stability and prevent fluid loss.

In the cosmetics industry, it is used in the formulation of mascaras and eyelash primers as a film-forming agent and thickener to enhance adhesion and volume.
Cekol 20000 P is employed in the production of polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells and batteries to improve ion conductivity and membrane stability.

Cekol 20000 P is added to textile printing pastes for screen printing applications to improve color definition and print sharpness on fabric substrates.
Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of disposable diapers and feminine hygiene products as a superabsorbent material, enhancing fluid retention and leakage protection.

In the paper industry, it is used in paper coatings and treatments to improve surface smoothness and ink receptivity in printing applications.
Cekol 20000 P is employed in the formulation of biodegradable detergents and cleaning products as a thickener and stabilizer to enhance cleaning performance.

Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of oilfield chemicals such as drilling muds and completion fluids to improve fluid rheology and filtration control.
Cekol 20000 P is used in the production of polymer-based adhesives and sealants as a thickener and rheology modifier to improve bonding strength and durability.

In the agricultural sector, it is employed in crop protection formulations as a dispersant and wetting agent to enhance pesticide and herbicide efficacy.
Cekol 20000 P finds applications in the production of pharmaceutical excipients such as controlled-release matrices and tablet coatings for drug delivery applications.



DESCRIPTION


Cekol 20000 P is a versatile water-soluble polymer.
Cekol 20000 P is derived from cellulose, a natural polymer found in plants.
Cekol 20000 P appears as a white to off-white, odorless, and tasteless powder.

Its texture ranges from fine to granular, depending on the grade and manufacturing process.
Cekol 20000 P is highly hygroscopic, absorbing moisture from the environment.

Cekol 20000 P is soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opaque solutions.
Cekol 20000 P has excellent thickening properties, making it valuable in various applications.

Cekol 20000 P is known for its pseudoplastic behavior, meaning its viscosity decreases under shear stress.
Cekol 20000 P can form stable gels at higher concentrations or in the presence of certain ions.

Cekol 20000 P is biocompatible and non-toxic, making it suitable for pharmaceutical and food applications.
Cekol 20000 P is commonly used as a thickener, stabilizer, and binder in food products.

Cekol 20000 P is employed in the production of pharmaceutical formulations such as tablets and suspensions.
Cekol 20000 P serves as a viscosity modifier in personal care products like lotions and shampoos.
Cekol 20000 P is added to paints and coatings to improve viscosity and suspension properties.

Cekol 20000 P enhances the texture and mouthfeel of food and beverage products.
Cekol 20000 P is used in textile printing pastes to improve color penetration and definition.

In the paper industry, it is employed as a surface sizing agent to improve paper strength.
Cekol 20000 P aids in water retention and workability of cement-based materials in construction.
Cekol 20000 P contributes to the stability and texture of dairy products like ice cream and yogurt.

Cekol 20000 P is used in the production of adhesives, detergents, and pet care products.
Cekol 20000 P forms transparent films in coatings and packaging materials.

Cekol 20000 P is compatible with a wide range of other ingredients and additives.
Its solubility and viscosity can be adjusted by varying concentration and pH.
Cekol 20000 P is a versatile polymer with diverse applications across multiple industries.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: White to off-white powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Texture: Fine to granular, depending on grade and manufacturing process.
Solubility: Soluble in water to form clear to slightly opaque solutions.
pH: Typically ranges from 6.0 to 8.5 in a 1% aqueous solution.
Density: Varies depending on grade and manufacturer, typically around 0.5 to 0.7 g/cm³.
Particle Size: Varies depending on grade and manufacturing process, typically in the micrometer range.
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air but does not dissolve in it.
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; may degrade at high temperatures or extreme pH levels.
Viscosity: Exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.
Gelling Properties: Can form stable gels at higher concentrations or in the presence of multivalent ions.
Film Formation: Forms thin, flexible films when dried.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: (C6H10O5)n - [C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa]m
Molecular Structure: Linear polymer consisting of repeating glucose units with carboxymethyl groups attached.
Degree of Substitution (DS): Average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit in cellulose chain.
Ionic Character: Anionic polymer due to presence of carboxymethyl groups, which dissociate in water to form negatively charged carboxylate ions.
Degree of Polymerization (DP): Average number of glucose units in cellulose chain, varies depending on source and manufacturing process.
Hydrophilicity: Highly hydrophilic due to numerous hydroxyl groups, readily soluble in water.
Thermal Properties: Decomposes at high temperatures, typically above 200°C, releasing carbon dioxide and water vapor.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If carboxymethylcellulose dust is inhaled and respiratory discomfort occurs, immediately move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available and seek medical attention promptly.
In case of severe respiratory distress or unconsciousness, administer artificial respiration and seek emergency medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

If carboxymethylcellulose comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water to remove any residual material.
If irritation persists or if skin becomes damaged, seek medical attention for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so, but do not delay irrigation to do this.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if irritation or pain is mild or if vision appears normal.


Ingestion:

If carboxymethylcellulose is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and encourage the affected person to drink plenty of water to dilute the material.
Seek medical attention immediately, especially if a large amount of the substance has been ingested.


Notes to Physician:

Treat symptomatically and supportively.
In case of inhalation, administer oxygen and assist ventilation if necessary.
For eye contact, evaluate for corneal injury and treat accordingly.
If ingested, monitor for gastrointestinal symptoms and provide appropriate supportive care.


General Advice:

Ensure that affected individuals are removed from exposure and provided with appropriate medical attention.
Do not administer anything orally to an unconscious person.
In the event of a medical emergency, provide medical personnel with information about the substance and its potential hazards.


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

When handling carboxymethylcellulose, wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or if handling the substance in dusty conditions.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling carboxymethylcellulose to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection such as a dust mask or respirator if handling the substance in dusty conditions or if ventilation is inadequate.
Handling Precautions:
Avoid generating dust by handling carboxymethylcellulose in a controlled manner and minimizing activities that may create airborne particles.
Use dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or dust suppression techniques to minimize dust exposure.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling carboxymethylcellulose, and wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling to prevent accidental ingestion or contamination of food.
Equipment Handling:
Use suitable handling equipment such as scoops, shovels, or containers with lids to transfer carboxymethylcellulose and minimize spills and dust generation.
Ensure that handling equipment is clean, dry, and free from any residues to prevent contamination of the substance.
Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Store carboxymethylcellulose away from incompatible materials such as strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reactive chemicals to prevent reactions or degradation.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store carboxymethylcellulose in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture.
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range specified by the manufacturer to prevent degradation or alteration of properties.
Store in tightly closed containers to prevent contamination and exposure to air, moisture, or other contaminants.

Container Compatibility:
Use containers made of compatible materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or glass to store carboxymethylcellulose.
Ensure that containers are clean, dry, and properly labeled with the product name, lot number, and other relevant information.

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Segregate carboxymethylcellulose from incompatible materials and hazardous chemicals to prevent cross-contamination or reactions.
Store away from food, feed, pharmaceuticals, and other sensitive materials to avoid accidental contamination.

Segregation Requirements:
If storing large quantities of carboxymethylcellulose, establish designated storage areas with appropriate signage and containment measures.
Ensure that storage areas are well-ventilated and equipped with spill containment measures to handle potential spills or leaks.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to storage areas and ensure that only authorized personnel handle the substance.
Keep storage areas secure and locked when not in use to prevent theft or tampering.
Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities of carboxymethylcellulose, use appropriate storage facilities such as warehouses or storage rooms equipped with adequate ventilation, temperature control, and spill containment measures.
CEKOL 30000
Cekol 30000 is a trade name for a type of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose.
Cekol 30000 is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: Carboxymethylcellulose, CMC, Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose, Cellulose Gum, Sodium CMC, Cellulose Carboxymethyl Ether, Carboxymethylated Cellulose, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Sodium Cellulose Glycolate, Cellulose Ethers, Cellulose Sodium, Sodium Polycarboxymethylether Cellulose, Cellulose Carboxymethyl, Sodium Salt of Cellulose Carboxymethyl Ether, Sodium Salt of Cellulose Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Cellulose Polycarboxylate, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Cellulose Gum, Sodium Salt, Sodium Salt of CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Sodium Cellulose Carboxymethyl, Cellulose, Sodium Salt, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Sodium Salt, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Sodium Salt, Cellulose, Carboxymethyl, Carboxymethylated Cellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Salt, Cellulose Carboxymethyl Ether, Cellulose Sodium, Sodium Cellulose Glycolate, Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Sodium, Sodium Polycarboxymethylether Cellulose, Carboxymethylated Cellulose Sodium, Cellulose Carboxymethyl, Sodium Salt of Cellulose Carboxymethyl Ether, Sodium Salt of Cellulose Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethylcellulose, Cellulose Polycarboxylate, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Sodium Cellulose Carboxymethyl, Cellulose, Sodium Salt, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Sodium Salt, Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Sodium Salt, Cellulose, Carboxymethyl, Carboxymethylated Cellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Salt, Cellulose Carboxymethyl Ether, Cellulose Sodium, Sodium Cellulose Glycolate, Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Sodium, Sodium Polycarboxymethylether Cellulose, Carboxymethylated Cellulose Sodium, Cellulose Carboxymethyl, Sodium Salt of Cellulose Carboxymethyl Ether, Sodium Salt of Cellulose Carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethylcellulose, Cellulose Polycarboxylate, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Sodium Cellulose Carboxymethyl, Cellulose, Sodium Salt.



APPLICATIONS


Cekol 30000 is widely used as a thickener in food products such as sauces, dressings, and dairy items.
Cekol 30000 acts as a stabilizer in ice cream, preventing the formation of ice crystals and improving texture.

In the pharmaceutical industry, CMC is utilized as a binder in tablet formulations, aiding in the cohesion of ingredients.
Cekol 30000 is added to cosmetics and personal care products as a thickening agent in creams, lotions, and shampoos.
Cekol 30000 improves the viscosity of liquid formulations and enhances the spreadability of emulsions.

Cekol 30000 is commonly found in oral care products like toothpaste and mouthwash, where it provides viscosity and binding properties.
In the textile industry, CMC is used as a sizing agent to improve the strength and handle of fabrics.
Cekol 30000 enhances the adhesion of fibers during weaving and prevents breakage during processing.

Cekol 30000 is employed in the papermaking process to improve the retention and drainage of pulp fibers.
Cekol 30000 enhances paper strength and smoothness, resulting in higher-quality finished products.

In the oil drilling industry, CMC is added to drilling muds as a viscosifier and fluid loss control agent.
Cekol 30000 helps to stabilize the borehole and transport cuttings to the surface during drilling operations.

Cekol 30000 is used in ceramic manufacturing as a binder and plasticizer in the production of clay bodies.
Cekol 30000 improves the workability of clay and enhances the strength and plasticity of finished ceramics.
In the construction industry, CMC is added to cement-based formulations to improve workability and reduce water content.

Cekol 30000 acts as a thickening agent in tile adhesives, grouts, and joint compounds.
Cekol 30000 is employed in detergent formulations as a soil suspending agent and viscosity modifier.

Cekol 30000 prevents soil redeposition on fabric surfaces during the washing process.
Cekol 30000 is added to paint and coating formulations as a thickener and rheology modifier.

Cekol 30000 improves paint flow, leveling, and brushability, resulting in a smoother finish.
In the metallurgical industry, CMC is used as a flotation aid in mineral processing.

Cekol 30000 enhances the selectivity and recovery of valuable minerals from ores.
Cekol 30000 is employed in the manufacture of batteries as a binder in electrode materials.

Cekol 30000 improves the adhesion of active materials to electrode substrates, enhancing battery performance.
Cekol 30000 has a wide range of applications across various industries, contributing to the functionality and performance of numerous products.

Cekol 30000 is used in the textile industry for yarn sizing to improve strength and reduce breakage during weaving.
Cekol 30000 serves as a binder in pigment formulations for paints, ensuring uniform dispersion and adhesion to surfaces.

In the ceramics industry, CMC is added to glazes and slips to improve suspension and application properties.
Cekol 30000 is employed in the production of detergents and cleaning agents as a thickener and stabilizer.
Cekol 30000 enhances the viscosity and stability of liquid detergents, improving their effectiveness in removing soils.

Cekol 30000 is utilized in the manufacturing of adhesive products such as wallpaper paste and wood glue.
Cekol 30000 provides tackiness and adhesion properties, ensuring strong bonds between surfaces.
In the agriculture industry, CMC is used as a binder in seed coatings and agricultural formulations.

Cekol 30000 improves the adhesion of coatings to seeds and promotes uniform coverage during planting.
Cekol 30000 serves as a stabilizer and thickener in pharmaceutical suspensions and emulsions.
Cekol 30000 enhances the shelf-life and palatability of liquid medications and nutritional supplements.

Cekol 30000 is added to drilling fluids in the oil and gas industry to control fluid viscosity and filtration.
Cekol 30000 helps to maintain wellbore stability and prevent fluid loss into porous formations.

Cekol 30000 is used as a binder in the production of ceramic tiles and sanitaryware products.
Cekol 30000 improves the plasticity of clay bodies and enhances the strength of fired ceramic materials.
In the paper industry, CMC is applied as a surface sizing agent to improve ink receptivity and print quality.

Cekol 30000 enhances the water resistance and dimensional stability of paper products.
Cekol 30000 is utilized in the manufacture of welding electrodes as a binder and fluxing agent.

Cekol 30000 promotes adhesion between filler materials and electrode coatings, ensuring stable arc performance.
Cekol 30000 serves as a gelling agent in the production of agar plates for microbiological testing.

Cekol 30000 provides a solid medium for microbial growth and facilitates colony isolation and enumeration.
Cekol 30000 is used in the formulation of lubricants and greases to improve their adhesion and film strength.

Cekol 30000 enhances the performance of lubricating fluids in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
Cekol 30000 serves as a stabilizer in cosmetic formulations such as creams, lotions, and gels.

Cekol 30000 imparts smooth texture and uniform consistency to cosmetic products, enhancing their sensory appeal and application properties.
In the food industry, Cekol 30000 is utilized in products such as sauces, dressings, ice cream, and baked goods to improve texture and stability.
Cekol 30000 is also commonly found in oral care products like toothpaste and mouthwash, where it acts as a binder and thickening agent.

In the pharmaceutical industry, carboxymethyl cellulose is used in tablet formulations as a disintegrant and binder.
Cekol 30000 is valued for its ability to retain moisture and improve the mouthfeel of various products.
Cekol 30000 is often used in ophthalmic solutions and artificial tears to lubricate and hydrate the eyes.

Cekol 30000 is an essential ingredient in personal care products such as lotions, creams, and shampoos.
Cekol 30000 enhances the texture of cosmetic formulations and helps to stabilize emulsions.

Cekol 30000 is also used in industrial applications, including papermaking, textiles, and adhesives.
In the paper industry, it improves paper strength, retention, and drainage during the manufacturing process.

Textile manufacturers use Cekol 30000 as a sizing agent to improve fabric strength and handle.
Cekol 30000 is compatible with a wide range of other ingredients and additives, making it a valuable component in many formulations.
Cekol 30000 can be modified to achieve specific properties tailored to different applications and industries.

Cekol 30000 undergoes rigorous quality control measures to ensure consistency and purity in its properties.
Its versatility, safety, and effectiveness make carboxymethyl cellulose a widely used additive in countless products worldwide.
Cekol 30000 plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality, stability, and performance of numerous consumer and industrial goods.


DESCRIPTION


Cekol 30000 is a trade name for a type of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), which is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose.
Cekol 30000 is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants.
Cekol 30000 is produced by treating cellulose with chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt to introduce carboxymethyl groups (-CH2COOH) onto the cellulose backbone.
Cekol 30000, like other CMC products, is widely used in various industries for its thickening, stabilizing, emulsifying, and water-retention properties

Cekol 30000 is a versatile water-soluble polymer.
Cekol 30000 is derived from cellulose, a natural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants.

Cekol 30000 is produced by chemically modifying cellulose through carboxymethylation.
This modification introduces carboxymethyl groups onto the cellulose backbone, enhancing its water solubility and functionality.
Cekol 30000 exists in various forms, including powders, granules, and solutions, depending on the intended application.

Cekol 30000 has a white to off-white appearance and is odorless and tasteless.
Cekol 30000 is known for its high viscosity and thickening properties when dissolved in water.

Cekol 30000 forms clear and stable solutions, making it suitable for use in a wide range of industries.
Cekol 30000 is non-toxic, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly.
Cekol 30000 is widely used as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier in food products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.



PROPERTIES


Appearance: White to off-white powder, granules, or fibrous material.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Solubility: Soluble in water, forming clear to slightly cloudy solutions depending on concentration.
pH: Typically neutral to slightly acidic when dissolved in water (pH 6-8).
Density: Density varies depending on the degree of substitution and molecular weight.
Melting Point: Decomposes before melting; no specific melting point.
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling; no specific boiling point.
Viscosity: Exhibits high viscosity in aqueous solutions, especially at higher concentrations.
Particle Size: Particle size distribution varies depending on manufacturing process and grade.



FIRST AID


1. Inhalation Exposure:

Symptoms:
Inhalation of CMC dust or aerosols may cause irritation to the respiratory tract, including coughing, wheezing, or difficulty breathing.

Immediate Actions:
Remove the affected person to fresh air immediately, away from the source of exposure.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available and assist ventilation if necessary.
Seek medical attention promptly, especially if symptoms persist or worsen.


2. Skin Contact:

Symptoms:
Direct contact with CMC powder or solutions may cause mild irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Immediate Actions:
Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with mild soap and water.
Rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes to ensure complete removal of the chemical.
If irritation persists or develops, seek medical attention for further evaluation and treatment.


3. Eye Contact:

Symptoms:
Contact with CMC powder or solutions may cause irritation, redness, tearing, or blurred vision.

Immediate Actions:
Flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easily removable, during rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention for further evaluation and treatment, even if symptoms appear mild.


4. Ingestion:

Symptoms:
Ingestion of CMC powder or solutions is unlikely to cause significant adverse effects.

Immediate Actions:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water and encourage the affected person to drink water or milk to dilute any residual chemical.
Seek medical advice or assistance if large amounts are ingested or if symptoms of discomfort develop.


5. General Measures:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling CMC to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas to minimize inhalation exposure to CMC dust or aerosols.

Handling Precautions:
Follow safe handling procedures outlined in safety data sheets (SDS) and product labels to minimize exposure risks.

Storage:
Store CMC products in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Training:
Provide training to personnel on the safe handling, storage, and use of CMC, including first aid procedures in case of exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling CMC to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection, such as a dust mask or respirator, if working with CMC in powdered form and in poorly ventilated areas.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. In case of contact, follow first aid procedures outlined in the safety data sheet (SDS).

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas to minimize inhalation exposure to CMC dust or aerosols.
Use local exhaust ventilation systems or fume hoods when handling powdered CMC to control airborne dust levels.
Avoid generating aerosols or dust clouds by using handling and transfer methods that minimize the release of particles into the air.

Handling Precautions:
Handle CMC with care to prevent spills or releases. Use suitable tools and equipment, such as scoops or spatulas, to transfer the material.
Avoid generating static electricity, which can cause dust accumulation and increase the risk of ignition. Ground equipment and containers as necessary.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling CMC, and wash hands thoroughly after handling to prevent inadvertent ingestion.

Storage:
Store CMC products in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of heat, ignition, and direct sunlight.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.
Store CMC away from incompatible substances, such as strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reactive metals, to prevent chemical reactions.
Ensure storage facilities are equipped with spill containment measures, such as spill trays or bunds, to contain spills and prevent environmental contamination.


Storage:

Temperature and Humidity:
Maintain storage temperatures within recommended ranges to prevent degradation or alteration of CMC properties.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures or humidity, which may affect the flowability and solubility of the material.

Container Handling:
Use containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass, for storing CMC.
Check containers for signs of damage or leaks before storing and handle with care to prevent spills or accidents.
Label all containers with the chemical name, concentration, hazard warnings, and handling precautions to ensure proper identification and handling.

Segregation:
Store CMC away from food, feed, and beverages to prevent accidental contamination.
Segregate CMC from incompatible substances to prevent cross-contamination and chemical reactions.

Inventory Management:
Implement a first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory system to ensure older stocks are used before newer ones.
Keep accurate records of inventory levels, including dates of receipt and usage, to prevent overstocking or shortages.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas containing CMC to authorized personnel only.
Implement security measures, such as locked cabinets or access controls, to prevent unauthorized access or theft.

Emergency Preparedness:
Develop and maintain emergency response plans for handling spills, leaks, or accidents involving CMC.
Ensure personnel are trained on emergency procedures and have access to emergency response equipment, such as spill kits and personal protective gear.
CELATOM FW 20
Celatom FW 20 is a filter aid based on pink, flux-calcined diatomaceous earth.
Celatom FW 20 is a white to off-white powder.


CAS Number: 68855-54-9
EC Number: 272-489-0
MDL number: MFCD00132803
IUPAC Name: Flux calcined diatomaceous earth
Chemical Formula: Not Available


Celatom FW 20 is a silicon oxide made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a silicon atom is covalently bonded to two oxygens.
Celatom FW 20 is a white to off-white powder Amorphous silica, the noncrystalline form of SiO2, is a transparent to gray, odorless, amorphous powder
Celatom FW 20 is a diatomite which provides solid support for the packed GC columns.


Celatom FW 20 is suitable for use with polar compounds, due to its low surface area and high inertness.
Celatom FW 20 is non-flammable.
Celatom FW-20 used in precoat filtration reduces costs by improving dewatering.


Celatom FW-20 increases the solids content of the sludge, reduces the volume of sludge for disposal, and results in faster dewatering.
Additionally, Celatom FW-20 improves the quality of the filtrate. Celatom FW 20 is a filter aid based on pink, flux-calcined diatomaceous earth.
Celatom FW 20 is a white to off-white powder.


Celatom FW 20 is particularly suited for precoat filtration of dyes, plating solutions, and adhesives.
Celatom FW 20 reduces the total suspended solids (TSS), reduces the biological oxygen demand (BOD), and effectively filters fats, oil, and grease.
Celatom FW 20 is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.


Celatom FW 20 flux-calcined diatomaceous earth (DE) ranges in color from bright white to light pink.
These filter aid grades have a wide range of filtration capabilities and a wide range of particle size removal properties.
FW filter white products have a permeability range of 420-20,000 millidarcies.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CELATOM FW 20:
Celatom FW 20 is used in industry and Ink.
Celatom FW 20 was used as stationary phase in purification of fagopyritols using preparative chromatography.
Celatom FW 20 was used as packing material for fractionating procedure and the fractions were analysed using GC-ECD, GC/ECNI-MS 2 and IC-MS/MS.


Celatom FW 20 is used Production of filters, polishes, absorbents, insulators.
Celatom FW 20 may be used as an adsorbent for column chromatography.
Celatom FW 20 was used as stationary phase in purification of fagopyritols using preparative chromatography.


Celatom FW 20 was used as packing material for fractionating procedure and the fractions were analysed using GC-ECD, GC/ECNI-MS 2 and IC-MS/MS.
Celatom FW 20 is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


Celatom FW 20 is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, finger paints, washing & cleaning products and water treatment chemicals.
Release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance and formulation of mixtures.


Other release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)).


Release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Celatom FW 20 is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, polymers, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, pH regulators and water treatment products, adsorbents, coating products, metal working fluids, laboratory chemicals, pharmaceuticals, heat transfer fluids, hydraulic fluids and lubricants and greases.


Celatom FW 20 can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys).
Celatom FW 20 is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and health services.
Celatom FW 20 is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, , rubber products and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).


Release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites, manufacturing of the substance, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and formulation in materials.
Other release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Celatom FW 20 is used in the following products: adsorbents, metal surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, metal working fluids and washing & cleaning products.
Release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, manufacturing of the substance, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.


Celatom FW 20 is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, adsorbents, metal surface treatment products, metal working fluids, washing & cleaning products and laboratory chemicals.
Celatom FW 20 is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, health services and scientific research and development.


Celatom FW 20 is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, , food products, pulp, paper and paper products, wood and wood products, metals and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures and in the production of articles.


Release to the environment of Celatom FW 20 can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Celatom FW 20 is often used in precoat filtration of industrial wastewater and sludge dewatering.


Condiments uses of Celatom FW 20: monosodium glutamate sauce vinegar.
Beverage industry uses of Celatom FW 20: beer, white wine, yellow wine, yellow wine, wine, wine, tea, tea beverage and syrup.
Sugar industry uses of Celatom FW 20: fructose syrup, high fructose syrup, sugar syrup, sugar beet sugar beet sugar honey.


Medinice uses of Celatom FW 20: antibiotic synthetic plasma extract of vitamin a Chinese medicine.
Water treatment uses of Celatom FW 20: water industry wastewater of water industry, swimming pool water bath water.
Industrial oil products uses of Celatom FW 20: lubricating oil additive machine plus cooling oil transformer oil metal plate foil rolling oil


Other uses of Celatom FW 20: kill bugs for pets, kill insects for .plants,enzyme preparation plant oil seaweed gel electrolyte liquid milk products citric gelatin bone glue.



INDUSTRIES OF CELATOM FW 20:
*Beer / Brewing
*Corn Wet Milling
*Cosmetic & Personal Care
*Distilling
*Edible Oil
*Food
*Fracking
*Mining
*Oil & Gas
*Oil Drilling
*Sweetener
*Water Treatment
*Wine



FUNCTIONS OF CELATOM FW 20:
*Filter Aid
*Organic
*Performance Additive



METHODS OF MANUFACTURING OF CELATOM FW 20:
Natural powder is obtained by classification and screening of diatom debris after air drying (<800℃).
Gray to beige.
The calcinable powder is made by air drying, sieving and calcining at high temperature (815 ~ 982 ℃), and then classification.
It is pink to off-white.
The molten and calcined powder (white) is air-dried and sieved, and it is obtained by proper melting and calcination (800-1200°C) in the presence of flux (soda ash or other alkali salts) and classification.
The acid powder is made by one of the above three kinds of powders after further pickling and water showering and drying.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CELATOM FW 20:
Appearance Form: solid
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: Not applicable
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

PHYSICAL STATE: Solid
PRESENTATION: Powder
GRADE: Industrial
GRAVITY DENSITY: 2.2
FLAMMABLE: No
Physical Form (at 20°C): Solid
Long-Term Storage: Store long-term in a cool, dry place
Appearance: White to Light Grey Solid
Melting Point: >300°C
Molecular Weight: 60.08
Storage: 20°C
CAS number: 68855-54-9
EC number: 272-489-0
HS Code: 3802 90 00
Density: 2.36 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting Point: >450 °C
pH value: 10 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Bulk density: 300 kg/m3
Solubility: 0.0037 g/l

Melting point: >450℃
Density: 0.47 g/cm3 (loose weight)(lit.)
storage temp.: Store at RT.
solubility: <0.001g/l
form: rod (1/8")
color: 965
PH: >8.5 (25℃, 10% in aq. suspension)
Water Solubility: Insoluble in water.
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
PSA: 63.2
XLogP3: 0.00000
Appearance: 965 rod (1/8")
Density: 0.47 g/cm3 (loose weight)(lit.)
Melting Point: >450℃
Boiling Point: Decomposes
Water Solubility: Insoluble in water.
Storage Conditions: Store at RT.
Physical Form (at 20°C): Solid
Long-Term Storage: Store long-term in a cool, dry place
Note: filter aid, treated with sodium carbonate, flux calcined



FIRST AID MEASURES of CELATOM FW 20:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CELATOM FW 20:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CELATOM FW 20:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CELATOM FW 20:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CELATOM FW 20:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CELATOM FW 20:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Diatomaceous earth, flux-calcined
Celatom FW-20
68855-54-9,
AG-JXE
AG-WXI
Amorphous diatomaceous earth
Aquafil N 81
Armsorb GKhI
Calofrig FJ
Celabloc
Celabrite
Celatom
Celatom FP 22
Celatom FP 4
Celatom FP-ISL
Celatom FW 12
Celatom FW 14
Celatom FW 20
Celatom FW 50
Celatom FW 6
Celatom FW 60
Celatom FW 80
Celatom MN 23
Celatom MW 27
Celite
Celite (diatomaceous earth)
Celite 110
Celite 209
Celite 22
Celite 240
Celite 263
Celite 266
Celite 273
Celite 281
Celite 292
Celite 315
Celite 350
Celite 400P
Celite 455
Celite 499
Celite 500
Celite 503
Celite 505
Celite 507
Celite 512
Celite 521
Celite 522
Celite 534
Celite 535
Celite 545
Celite 560
Celite 577
Celite FC
Celite Filter Cel
Celite HSC
Celite HST
Celite Hyflo Super Cel
Celite Hyflo SuperCel DE
Celite R 626
Celite R 634
Celite R 635
Celite R 646
Celite R 649
Celite R 654
Celite R 680
Celite R 685
Celite SF
Celite Snow Floss
Celite Standard Super Cell
Celite Standard SuperCel DE
Celite Super Fine Super Floss
Celite Superfloss
Celite White Mist
Celpure 3000
Celpure P 100
Celpure P 1000
Celpure P 300
Celpure P 65
Chromaton
Chromaton N
Chromaton N-AW
Chromatron N Super
Chromosorb G
Chromosorb G/NAW
Chromosorb P
Chromosorb P 100/120
Chromosorb P 60/80
Chromosorb P-AW
Chromosorb P-NAW
Chromosorb W
Chromosorb WAW
Chromosorb W-NAW
Clarcel CBL
Clarcel CBL 3
Clarcel CBR
Clarcel CBR 3
Clarcel Celite
Clarcel DIF-B
Clarcel DIF-N
Clarcel S 1
Clin-elut
DAN 1400
Decalite 4500
Diafil 10
DiaFil 230
DiaFil 525
DiaFil 530
Diafol
Diamol DI
Diamol GM
Diatom 135C
Diatom DIF-BO
Diatomaceous earth
Diatomaceous earth, natural
Diatomaceous sedimentary rocks
Diatomaceous silica, calcined
Diatomite
Diatomite, uncalcined
Dicalite
Dicalite 104
Dicalite 215
Dicalite 4258S
Dicalite 478
Dicalite 6000
Dicalite PS
Dicalite WB 5
Dicalite WF
Dicalite White
Dicalite White Filler
DIF-N
DIF-R
Eagle Picher FW 60
Extrelut 13076
Extube Chem-Elut CE 1020
FN 1
Fossil Shield
Fossil Shield FS 90
Fossil Shield FS 95
FP 3
FW 14
FW 60
Gas Chrom R
Gloxil White
Hydromatrix
Hyflo
Hyflo Celite
Hyflo DC
Hyflo Super-Cel
IGM-AA
Infusorial earth
Insecto
Isolite CG
Isolite CP-F
K 10
K 10 (diatomaceous earth)
K 301
Kenite 200
Kenite 2000
Kenite 700
Kieselguhr
KIESELGUR
Kunilit 401
Kunilit B 106
Kunilit KSS 5000
LCS 3
Lunamos SP-PA
Macrosorb K
Manville 545
MG Poda Q
MicroKen 801
Oplite W 3005S
Perma-Guard
Polsorb C
Porokhrom 1
PR 110
PR 110A
PR 110B
PR 110C
Prelite 4
Primisil 30A
Protect-It
Protect-It (diatomaceous earth)
Pyrisec
Radiolite
Radiolite 100
Radiolite 200
Radiolite 300
Radiolite 3000
Radiolite 500
Radiolite 500S
Radiolite 600
Radiolite 700
Radiolite 800
Radiolite 800S
Radiolite 900
Radiolite F
Radiolite Fineflow A
Radiolite GC
Radiolite L 2
Radiolite Microfine
Radiolite PC 1
Radiolite SPF
SD 1164
Sedimentary rocks, diatomaceous
SFE Wetsupport
Sigma DE
Silica 100F
Silica 100F-A
Silica 100S
Silica 6B
SILICA, DIATOMACEOUS
Silico-Sec
Sil-O-Cel
Silverfrost
Snow Floss
Snow-floss Celite
Spherochrom 1
Spherochrome 1
Standard SuperCel
Sterchamol
Super Celite L 748
Super-Cel
Superfine Superfloss
Superfloss
Toalite
Tripolite
Tsvetokhrom 1K
Uniport B
Uniport HP
VX 31007 Super Floss
White Filler
Zeoharb
Filter Agent
Diatomaceous Earth, Flux-calcined
Celatom FW-14
Celite 545, Particle Size 0.02-0.1 mm
Kieselguhr, soda ash flux-calcined
KIESELGUHR
SILICONE DIOXIDE
CELITE 545
HYFLO
535
KIESELGEL
KIESELGUR
FILTER AGENT
FILTER CEL
CELITE 521

CELLULASE
CELLULASE, N° CAS : 9037-40-5 / 9012-54-8, Nom INCI : CELLULASEN° EINECS/ELINCS : 232-734-4 / 232-734-4, Classification : Enzymes, Kératolytique : Décolle et élimine les cellules mortes de la couche cornée de l'apiderme, Agent d'hygiène buccale : Fournit des effets cosmétiques à la cavité buccale (nettoyage, désodorisation et protection), Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
CELLULOSE ETHERS
Cellulose ethers are a nonionic, water-soluble polymer.
Cellulose ethers are like water retention, thickening, suspension, anti-microbial, high salt tolerance, and ion/PH insensitivity.
Cellulose ethers are an excellent thickening agent for cosmetic and personal care formulations.


CAS Number: 9004-62-0
MDL number: MFCD00072770


Cellulose ethers are soluble in water.
This solubility, however, decreases with increasing temperature.
Cellulose ethers are the powdered cellulose ether generated with wood fiber or refined short cotton fiber as the main raw materials, after chemical treatment and by the reaction of etherifying agents such as chlorinated ethylene, chlorinated propylene and oxidized ethylene.


The production process of Cellulose ethers is complex.
Cellulose ethers form a non-ionic gel without the effect of electrolyte, suitable for formulations containing electrolyte.
Cellulose ethers start with the extraction of cellulose from cotton or wood, which then transforms into alkaline cellulose after adding sodium hydroxide and by chemical reaction (alkaline solution).


Cellulose ethers also have good film-forming ability and surface activity.
Under the action of etherifying agents (etherification reaction), Cellulose ethers are generated from alkaline cellulose through such processes as washing with water, drying and grinding.


Cellulose ethers are a white, free-flowing granular powder and is made by reacting ethylene oxide with alkali-cellulose.
Different etherifying agents can turn alkaline cellulose into different types of Cellulose ethers.
The molecular structure of cellulose is composed of the molecular bonds of dehydrated glucose units.


Cellulose ethers can be also be used to efficiently thicken shampoos, body washes and shower gels.
One of the problems normally associated with this and other water-soluble thickeners is the tendency of the particles to agglomerate or lump when first wetted with water.
The high-purity cosmetic grade of Cellulose ethers we offer is an R-grade, designed to be added to water without lumping, and thus greatly facilitating solution preparation.


Cellulose ethers are an excellent thickening agent for cosmetic and personal care formulations.
Each glucose unite contains three hydroxyl groups.
Under certain conditions, the hydroxyl groups will be substituted by methyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and the like groups, and can form cellulose of different varieties (for example, if substituted by methyl, then it is called methyl cellulose; if substituted by hydroxyethyl, then it is called hydroxyethyl cellulose; if substituted by hydroxypropyl, then it is called hydroxypropyl cellulose).


Since methyl cellulose is a mixed ether produced by the etherification reaction, with methyl as the main material but containing a small amount of hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl, it is called methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether or methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether.
This process permits the preparation of clear, smooth, viscous solutions in a short period of time by simply adding the R-grade to water and stirring until the polymer is completely dissolved to prevent settling of the particles.


The inhibition period, from the initial wetting to the start of dissolution, is referred to as the hydration time.
This hydration time can vary from 4-25 min.
Hydration time is markedly affected by two factors: pH and temperature of the water.


Cellulose ethers's nature's most abundant biopolymer in plants, wood, and cotton cell walls.
Cellulose ethers are a gelling and thickening agent derived from cellulose.
Cellulose ethers are a non-ionic cellulose ether made through a series of chemical processes, with the natural polymer celluloses as raw materials.


Cellulose ethers are a line of nonionic, water-soluble, cellulose based polymers from Dow.
Cellulose ethers are produced by treating reacting alkali-cellulose with ethylene oxide.
Due to the difference in the substituents (such as methyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl) and the difference in the degree of substitution (the amount of substituted substance of reactive hydroxyl in each cellulose), cellulose ethers of different varieties and grades can be obtained.


Cellulose ethers are a white to light yellowish, oderless and tastless powder, readily soluble in hot or cold water to form a viscous gel solution.
Cellulose ethers are also the most efficient grade of non-ionic thickener available from the manufacturer.
Hydration of the R-grade particles has been inhibited.


Cellulose ethers are odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic in the shape of white to off-white powders or granules.
Cellulose ethers can be dissolved in water to form a transparent viscous solution.
This leads to solutions containing the Cellulose ethers to have a unique reversible thermal gelation property.


A higher temperature and a higher pH decrease the hydration time, but a too high temperature or pH can result in lumping.
Cellulose ethers are a nonionic, water-soluble polymer.
Cellulose ethers consists of two components: cellulose and hydroxyethyl side chain.


Cellulose ethers has many properties.
Cellulose ethers are a non-ionic, water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose through a series of chemical and physical processes.
But Cellulose ethers molecule is capable of generating esterification, etherification and acetal reaction, so Cellulose ethers are possible to make it insoluble in water or improve its properties.


Cellulose ethers have an exceptional skin feel and is the perfect ingredient to make crystal clear serums for water soluble active ingredients.
Cellulose ethers are a water soluble, non-ionic, highly esterified hydroxyethyl cellulose powder.
This grade of Cellulose ethers are particularly well suited for use in interior paints and nonwovens.


Cellulose ethers are nonionic cellulose ether and its solution are more tolerant to the presence of cations,anions and organic solvents.
Cellulose ethers are bio-degradable,non-toxic and environmental friendly natural product.
Cellulose ethers will produce crystal clear gel products and thicken the aqueous phase of cosmetic emulsions.


The thermal gelation behavior varies based on the methoxy and hydroxypropyl substitution of the Cellulose ethers polymer in the solution.
Cellulose ethers provides enhanced biostability, very high thickening and water retention, moderate foam stabilization and high solution clarity, gloss appearance, pigment compatibility and pseudoplasticity.
Cellulose ethers's beneficial to various construction projects.


Cellulose ethers are derived from cellulose.
So, Cellulose ethers are recommended that it be added to room temperature water with a neutral pH.
Once hydrated, Cellulose ethers can be heated and the pH can be adjusted as may be needed.


This property makes Cellulose ethers a valuable processing aid for the production of intricate ceramic parts that require high green strength.
Cellulose ethers are easily dissolved in cold or hot water to give crystal-clear solutions of varying viscosities.
Cellulose ethers are a white, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, which is often used as a thickener for methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose grades in industry agent.


Cellulose ethers are water-soluble polymers produced by the chemical modification of cellulose.
The major commercial cellulose ethers include carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose (MC) and derivatives such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and derivatives such as ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC) and methyl ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (MEHEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), and ethylcellulose (EC).


Cellulose ethers are a non-ionic, water-soluble polymer efficient thickening agent and suspending agent.
Cellulose ethers act as a thickening and stabilizing agent.
Cellulose ethers are a nonionic cellulose ether with delayed solubility to ensure a lump free solution in aqueous systems.


Cellulose ethers exhibits high compatibility with other raw materials such as surfactant.
Cellulose ethers are soluble in cold or hot water to give clarified solution.
Cellulose ethers are a truly multitalented chemical.


Its initial material cellulose can take on different solubility properties through etherification, resulting in a polymer that is soluble in either water or many other organic solvents.
Cellulose ethers exhibits high compatibility with other raw materials such as surfactant.


Hydration time is affected by several factors- pH and temperature of the solution, and concentration level of the Cellulose ethers, and the presence of alkalis like TEA, Sodium hydroxide (pH) solution.
Cellulose ethers are a nonionic cellulose ether with delayed solubility to ensure a lump free solution in aqueous systems.


When pH in solution is within 2 to 12, the solution is quite stable.
Since Cellulose ethers group is nonionic one in water solution, it won't be reacted with other anions or cations and insensitive to the salts.
This characteristic makes Cellulose ethers highly versatile and allows it to have a wide range of functions in many different sectors.


Cellulose ethers has thickening, adhesion, dispersion, emulsification, film-formation, suspension, absorption, surface activity, salt tolerance, water retention, providing protective colloids and other properties.
For Building water phase Viscosity/Stability: 0.1%- 0.5%
For high viscosity crystal clear gel: 1.0%-3.0%


Cellulose ethers features good water retention and an excellent thickening effect.
Cellulose ethers are hydrocolloids that produce water-based solutions with a pseudoplastic (shear thinning) rheology.
Cellulose ethers are supplied as a free flowing powder in bags. Higher pH and higher temperatures DECREASE hydration time, but the higher pH and temperature adjustments too quickly may result in lumping.


It's recommended that the Cellulose ethers be added to room temperature water, with a neutral pH.
Once hydrated, Cellulose ethers can be heated and the pH can be adjusted (typically using TEA) as needed.
(The inhibition period, from the initial wetting to the start of dissolution, hydration time, may vary from 5-25 min)
This reaction converts some of the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose polymer to hydroxyethyl groups.


Cellulose ethers are a water-soluble synthetic polymer derived from cellulose in which ethylene oxide groups have been added to the hydroxyl groups.
When the particles are added to water, they disperse without lumping, and following a predetermined delay, begin to dissolve.
Cellulose ethers are a non-ionic, water soluble polymer used as a thickening agent for aqueous cosmetic and personal care formulations.


This nonionic, water soluble polymer, Cellulose ethers, offers efficient and cost-effective options for making crystal clear gel products.
Grades vary mainly in degree of substitution and molecular weight.
The degree of substitution can be determined by the letter in the Cellulose ethers grade name.


For example grades beginning with the letter "A" are methyl cellulose and have only methoxy substitution and grades beginning with the letter "E" are HPMC and contain both methoxy and hydroxypropyl groups.
The number that follows the substitution designation represents the viscosity of a 2% solution of that polymer in water.


For instance Cellulose ethers has a viscosity of 4,000 cps whereas A4C has a viscosity of 400 cps when added to water at 2%.
The viscosity of solutions of Cellulose ethers is directly correlated to the molecular weight of the polymer and the addition rate, whereas the solubility of the Cellulose ethers is dependent on the degree of substitution.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers also play a role in the emulsion, dispersion, stability and water retention.
Cellulose ethers has good rheological properties at different shear rates, and has good workability and leveling, not easy to drop, good splash and sag resistance.
Cellulose ethers are easy to use and provides exceptional skin feel, viscosity and stability.


Cellulose ethers offers efficient and cost-effective options for making crystal clear gel products.
Cellulose ethers are used to obtain the optimum hydration time to prevent agglomeration caused by accelerators greater than the optimal dissolution rate.
Cellulose ethers powders consolidate many advantages and contribute to the construction field.


Cellulose ethers polymers are largely used as water-binder and thickening agent in many industry applications, that is, personal care products, pharmaceutical formulations, building materials, adhesives, etc., and as stabilizer for liquid soaps.
Cellulose, which finds different applications such as cleaning materials, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, is synthesized in different forms such as methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxyethylmethylcellulose (HEMC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) through the etherification process, and plays a very important role in the construction and paint industry.


Different varieties can be widely used in construction, food and pharmaceutical industries, as well as other different fields such as daily chemical industry and petroleum industry
This pseudoplasticity makes high viscosity grades of Cellulose ethers an ideal thickener for latex paint applications where the paint must stay on the brush, yet flow out easily upon brushing.


In pharmaceuticals, cellulose has been used as an adsorbent, glidant, drug solvent, and suspending agent.
Cellulose ethers are a very important performance additive for modern cement and gypsum-based construction consumables.
Cellulose ethers improve formatting, improve machinability, increase throughput, coverage and reduce waste.


Cellulose ethers provide many benefits simultaneously.
Cellulose ethers provides excellent thickening efficiency, color development, open time, and superior resistance to biodegradation.
Cellulose ethers polymer is a hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose, obtained by treating cellulose with sodium hydroxide and reacting with ethylene oxide.


Cellulose ethers depend on functions such as water retention, lubrication, increase of crack-crack resistance, anti-slip, increase adhesiveness and extend open time.
Cellulose ethers are widely used in pharmaceutical and food applications.
Cellulose ethers are characterized by the formation of viscous gels in water, useful for making paints, adhesives for construction, as well as in the paper and oil industry, among others.


With good water retention, thickening, suspension properties, Cellulose ethers offers functional properties and enhance product performance in emulsion-based building materials.
Cellulose ethers are used in broad range of applications includes cosmetic & personnel care, Paint & coating, oilfield, construction, etc.
Cellulose ethers scientific research team specifically for the texture paint, latex paint development of a product, product thickening suspension effect is good, high water retention rate, a small amount of addition, low product unit price can reduce the production cost.


Cellulose ethers are recommended as thickening agent in water-based paint.
In medicine field, Cellulose ethers and methyl cellulose (MHEC) are frequently used with hydrophobic drugs in capsule formulations, to improve the drugs' dissolution in the gastrointestinal fluids.


Cellulose ethers has uses in the cosmetics and personal care industries as a gelling and thickening agent.
Cellulose ethers are a cellulose ether that is primarily used as a thickener for water-based paint, ink, and adhesive formulations.
Cellulose ethers are used as an excellent film former, binder, water-retention agent, thickener and emulsifier.


Cellulose ethers function as stabilizers, thickeners, and viscosity modifiers in many industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, oil field chemicals, construction, paper, adhesives, and textiles.
Cellulose ethers are one of the main components of the personal lubricant brand known as K-Y Jelly.


Cellulose ethers can also be found in household cleaning products.
Cellulose ethers are also used extensively in the oil and gas industry as a drilling mud additive under the name
Among other similar chemicals, Cellulose ethers are often used as slime (and gunge, in the UK).


Cellulose ethers are a commonly used thickener in paint&coating formulations.
Cellulose ethers are used in paint&coating formulations to increase the viscosity of the paint and to improve its flow and leveling properties.
Cellulose ethers include antiperspirants & deodorants, conditioners, body care, facial care, styling products, sunscreens, liquid soaps, shave gels and foams, wipes (baby and adult), makeup/mascara, AP/Deodorant solids, and lubricant gels.


In select applications, they compete with each other and with synthetic water-soluble polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane associative thickeners, polyacrylates) and natural water-soluble polymers (xanthan gum, carrageenan, locust bean gum).
Cellulose ethers finds applications as a binder, film former, rheology modifer (thickener), adhesion promoter, dispersion stabilizer, extender and slumping reducer in numerous products including paints, inks, adhesives, cosmetics, personal care products, textiles, cements, ceramics and paper products.


Cellulose ethers are a non-ionic soluble cellulose ether, soluble in both cold and hot water, thickening, suspension, adhesion, emulsification, film formation, water retention, protective colloids and other properties, used in coatings.
The choice of polymer is determined by price/performance trade-offs, availability, and ease of product reformulation based on price/performance considerations.


Cellulose ethers are used as a thickener for a series of organic solvents.
Cellulose ethers are used in various formulations such as film formulations, emulsifiers, flow regulators, and anti-mildew.
Cellulose ethers can be one of the main ingredients in water-based personal lubricants.


One of the most important applications of Cellulose ethers and HMHEC are waterborne architectual coatings.
They are either used alone or in combination with other thickeners.
Infact, Cellulose ethers are the most widely used thickener in exterior latex paints because it is compatible with many coating ingredients such as pigments, surfactants, emulsifiers, preservatives, and binders.


Specifically, they apply in paints and coatings, oil drilling, adhesives and sealants.
Cellulose ethers are widely used in cosmetics, cleaning solutions, and other household products. Cellulose ethers and methyl cellulose are frequently used with hydrophobic drugs in capsule formulations, to improve the drugs' dissolution in the gastrointestinal fluids.


Cellulose ethers are used as a thickener,binder, stabilizer,film forming, protective colloids and suspending agent.
Cellulose ethers product is used in a whole host of applications, including construction materials, cleaning agents, food production and much more.
In the production of paper, in the production of pet bedding for the production of aqueous polymer emulsions based on ethylene-derived compounds, in the production of pharmaceuticals for the production of various creams and lotions, in the production of toothpaste, in the plastics industry.


Cellulose ethers enhances the viscosity of drilling fluid.
In addition to its useful nature as a thickening agent, Cellulose ethers also provides the benefits of a suspension aid, binder, emulsifier, film former, emulsion stabilizer, dispersant, water retention aid, and protective colloid.


Cellulose ethers are also a key ingredient in the formation of large bubbles as it possesses the ability to dissolve in water but also provide structural strength to the soap bubble.
Cellulose ethers act as a binder, protective colloid, thickener, water retention agent, film former, etc., for the production of various industrial products such as building materials, paints, paper, detergent, textiles and food.


Cellulose ethers are suitable for latex paint, oil drilling, adhesives, and personal care.
Cellulose ethers are mainly used in water-based products.
Cellulose ethers are non-ionic, water-soluble materials that provide good properties of thickening, suspending, binding, emulsify, film-forming, stabilize, disperse, retain water and etc.


And Cellulose ethers are widely used in coatings, construction, medicine, food, papermaking and polymer polymerization industry.
Cellulose ethers are used as adhesives, bonding aids, filling cement admixtures
Cellulose ethers are used as a gelling and thickening agent in the development of biological structures for hydrophobic drugs.


Cellulose ethers are not an emulsifier and will not emulsify oils into water.
Cellulose ethers finds application in formulating hair styling gels, cosmetic products and personal care formulations.
In the construction industry, Cellulose ethers are used as a thickener and water retention agent.


In the food industry, Cellulose ethers are used in confectionery, bakery products, nuts, cream, creams, sweetener tablets, cheese and tomato sauces.
Cellulose ethers can also be used to make crystal clear, water soluble hair styling gels.
In addition, Cellulose ethers offer excellent functionality when used in the water phase of emulsions to build viscosity and stability.


However, Cellulose ethers are not an emulsifier and will not emulsify oils into water.
Cellulose ethers are used in rinses, hair conditioner, hair gel and shaving products.
Cellulose ethers are a hydroxyethyl cellulose powder recommended for use in interior and exterior paints.


Cellulose ethers grades are defined by their molecular weight or more specifically the viscosity of the aqueous solution that they produce at 2% by weight.
Solutions of low molecular weight Cellulose ethers grades have a rheology that is near Newtonian and useful for applications that require a stable viscosity regardless of shear.


The applications for Cellulose ethers range but in the industrial space it is primarily used for general thickening applications in latex paints, household cleaners and tape-joint compounds.
Cellulose ethers are a gelling and thickening agent derived from cellulose.


Cellulose ethers are commonly used in the production of water-based resins, the production of interior paints, the adhesive industry, the polymerization of vinyl acetate, the copolymer lactate with vinyl acrylic acid, the hydraulic fracturing process, the production of nonwovens and detergents, cosmetics, Layering of tiles.
Cellulose ethers are mostly used as rheology modifiers in various construction applications.


Cellulose ethers are natural, non-toxic, water-soluble, cellulose based polymers including Methyl Cellulose and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC or hypromellose).
Cellulose ethers acts as a thickening and stabilizing agent.
Cellulose ethers are used to thicken shampoos, gels, body washes, and add body and after feel to bubble baths, body care products, lotions and creams.


Cellulose ethers is produced from the cellulose pulp of southern white pine and cotton linters.
This cellulose pulp is treated with a caustic to produce alkali cellulose.
The hydroxyl groups of the alkali cellulose are then replaced with methoxy and hydroxypropyl groups by chemical treatment with methyl chloride and propylene oxide.


The resulting ether is non-ionic, water-soluble, and stable in a wide pH range.
For this reason they are often used as thickeners, rheology modifiers, and water-retention agents for end-use applications in coatings, adhesives, agrochemicals, ceramics, and various other industrial applications.


Cellulose ethers offers narrow viscosity ranges, consistent viscosity reproducibility, and excellent solution clarities.
Other functions for this family of Cellulose ethers in industrial applications include use as binders, film-formers, suspension aids, protective colloids, and emulsifiers.
Cellulose ethers are used as coatings and optical brightener additives, coating polymers, filter control additives


Cellulose ethers are used as wet strength enhancer, protective colloid, rebound and slip reducing agent, rheology control modifier
Cellulose ethers are used as a non-ionic cellulose thickener, usually to enhance viscosity, increase concentration by absorbing water, increase viscosity, increase stability, increase degradability, and increase gloss.


Cellulose ethers used in the paint and coating industry are used to improve stability and solubility of paints.
Cellulose ethers are also used in the construction industry to increase binding, water retention and working time.
Cellulose ethers can be used in building materials, paints industry, petrochemicals, synthetic resin, ceramic industry, pharmaceutical, food, textile, agriculture, cosmetics, tobacco, ink, papermaking and other industries.


Cellulose ethers acts as a non-ionic thickening agent.
In addition, Cellulose ethers are one of the effective inputs in ceramics with its binder in textiles, thickening and water retention in adhesives.
Shrinkage and spreading parameters are evaluated in order to determine the suitable Cellulose ethers for the system as well as the other parameters such as viscosity, moisture content, ash content, open time.


Solutions of high molecular weight Cellulose ethers, however, behave in a non-Newtonian manner and will have a pseudo-plastic rheology.
Cellulose ethers are commonly used in the production of water-based resins, the production of interior paints, the adhesive industry, the polymerization of vinyl acetate, the copolymer lactate with vinyl acrylic acid, the hydraulic fracturing process, the production of nonwovens and detergents, cosmetics, Layering of tiles.


-Recommended Field Application of Cellulose ethers:
*Interior paints
*Solid paints
*Exterior paints
*Silicon resin paints
*Tinters
*Glazes


-Applications of Cellulose ethers:
*Adhesives and Sealants:
Waterborne


-Agrochemicals:
*Cleaning: Household, Industrial & Institutional, Detergents
*Coatings: Architectural Coatings, Crafts and Hobby, General Industrial, Printing Inks, Powder Coatings, Floorings
*Construction: Concrete Admixtures, Boards, Dry Mortar, Ready Mix, Roof, Bitumen, Asphalt, Sealants
Food and Feed: Bakery, Beverages, Convenience food, Functional Food, Meat Processing, Spices
Foundry


-Application properties of Cellulose ethers:
Cellulose ethers are majnly recommended for ready mixed joint compounds (RMJC).
Cellulose ethers provroes a very creamy and easy wôrkability.
Usually Cellulose ethers are used in combination with Tylose@ MHPC or MHEC grades to Typical data further improve the workability


-Applications of Cellulose ethers:
*Water-based paint
*Polymerization
*Cosmetics
*Others


-Industrial Chemicals:
*Health Care:
Nutraceuticals, Pharmaceuticals
Oil and Gas, Lubricants
Paper, Paper, Cardboard, Tissue
*Personal Care:
Skin and Body Care, Hair Care, Cleaning and Styling, Oral Care
*Textile and Leather:
Auxiliaries


-Uses of Cellulose ethers:
*solubility
*thickening effect
*surface activity


-Application Field of Cellulose ethers:
*Interior wall latex paint
*Exterior wall latex paint
*Real stone paint
*Texture paint


-Uses of Cellulose ethers:
*Construction uses of Cellulose ethers: Cement mortar, Concrete mix, Thickening
*Dyeing: Latex paint, polymer emulsifying, Thickening, water retention, retarding
*Papermaking:Sizing agent,Thickener, water-retaining
*Cosmetic:Toothpaste, shampoo, Detergent, Thickener, stabilizer
*Petroleum Oil:Drilling well, completing fluids,Water retention, Thickening,Control of fluid loss


-Aplications of Cellulose ethers:
• Paint and coating thickener.
• Preparation of water-based latex paints.
• Preparation and synthesis of binder.
• Extraction of petroleum.
• Construction and building materials.
• Manufacture of paper.
• Binder.
• Adhesive.


-Recommended fields of application of Cellulose ethers:
*Interior paints
*Exterior paints


-Typical recommended for thickening and hydration using Cellulose ethers.
Disperse Hydroxyethyl cellulose in solution, usually water, and by stir vigorously or using a blender.
Continue to hydrate the HEC in water until completely dissolved.
The thickening will be delayed, this is normal and how the product is designed to work.
(Stir until all particles are dissolved.
This process allows the preparation of clear, smooth, viscous solutions in a short period of time by simply adding the R-grade to water and stirring until the polymer is completely dissolved to prevent settling of the particles.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers are soluble in both cold and hot water, but under normal circumstances does not dissolve in most organic solvents.
When the pH value is within the range of 2-12, the change in viscosity is small, but if beyond this range, the viscosity will decrease.
The surface-treated Cellulose ethers can be dispersed in cold water without agglomeration, but dissolution rate is slower, and generally it requires about 30 minutes.
With heat or adjusting the pH value to 8-10, it can be rapidly dissolved.



BENEFITS OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers are used as a high performance non-ionic thickener, water-retaining aid and rheological additive in all types of water-based paints and surface coatings, adhesives and many other water-based industrial products.
Cellulose ethers gives these systems excellent rheological properties.
*Additional purification to reduce ash content Excellent salt tolerance
*Imparts slip and lubricity
*Ability to create clear formulations
*Stabilizes emulsion systems
*Surface-treated to aid incorporation into water
*Vegan suitable



FEATURE OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
*Cellulose ethers dissolves readily in both cold water and hot water.
*Aqueous solutions of Cellulose ethers are stable and do not gel at either high or low temperatures.
*Cellulose ethers are a nonionic cellulose ether that remains chemically and physically stable over a wide pH range.
*Cellulose ethers shows excellent performance as athickener, as a water-retention agent, as a suspending and dispersing agent, and as a protective colloid.
*Cellulose ethers can be stored for log periods without degrading significantly, and in aqueous solutions its viscosity remains stable.
*Cellulose ethers are a water-soluble polymer synthesized by the reaction of ethylene oxide with cellulose.
Aqueous solutions of Cellulose ethers have excellent characterisstics for applications as thickeners, water-retention agents, suspending and dispersing agents, and as protective colloids.
In the synthesis of hydroxyethylcellulose, the avarage number of moles of ethylene oxide that combines with each mole of cellulose (MS) is used as an index.
The value of MS in Cellulose ethers are controlled within 1.5 to 2.5.



INDUSTRIES OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
*Adhesives & Sealants
*Agrochemicals, Construction
*Cleaning
*Coatings & Inks
*Composites
*Food
*Foundry
*Health Care
*Industrial Chemicals
*Personal Care
*Oil
*Gas & Lubricants
*Paper
*Textile & Leather



CELLULOSE ETHERS USED IN THE BUILDING INDUSTRY AND TEST METHODS:
Cellulose is an environmentally friendly natural polymer that originates from trees and plants and is generally obtained from wood, cotton or fibrous plants.
The trees and plants from which cellulose and its derivatives are obtained are decreasing day by day in the world.
In order to prevent this situation, studies on obtaining cellulose from cotton waste and renewable plants have recently been among the priorities of scientists.



THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CELLULOSE ETHERS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. Purify the cellulose.
2. Mix it with sodium hydroxide to form swollen alkaline cellulose.
3. Then react it with ethylene oxide.



SPECIFICATIONS OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
- Cellulose ethers provides viscosity at 3,400-5,000 mPa s (cPs) at 1% in water.
- Cellulose ethers melts and forms a gel at about 70 degrees and dissolves well at pH higher than 7 (use an alkali such as Triethanolamine helps to raise the pH value, after dissolving, can adjust the pH later)
- Cellulose ethers can be used in formulations that are acidic down to pH 3 and alkaline up to pH 9.
- Cellulose ethers has no smell



PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONALITY OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
*Benefit from the non-anionic nature, Cellulose ethers are high stable to broad range of salt, soluble and high resistance even in high brine concentration.
*High-performance thickening, efficient high viscosity build up
*Outstanding pseudoplasticity, Unique shear-thinning characteristic and viscosity reversible
*Film-forming agent, protective colloid action.
*Water retention,maintain water content at formulation
*Excellent compatibility to broad range of water soluble materials or ingredients



VISCOSITY VALUE OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers are measured with a viscometer measuring according to the Brookfield method at 20°C and by preparing a 2% solution of the product.
The value is determined in mPa.s, which is obtained as a result of the measurement according to the ASTM D2364 standard.
Viscosity is one of the most important parameters that determine the usage areas and quality of cellulose product groups.
Cellulose ethers retain the mixing water with increasing viscosity and prevent the substrate from absorbing the mixing water, as they impart water retention to the mortar.
In the absence of water loss, hydration continues and the mortar does not lose its strength.



IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers can be used as a non-ionic surface active agent.
In addition to thickening, suspending, adhesion, emulsifying, film-forming, dispersing, water-retaining and providing protective colloid properties, but also has the following properties.
1. Cellulose ethers are soluble in hot or cold water, does not precipitate by heat or boiling, and enables it to have a wide range of solubility and viscosity characteristics, as well as non-thermal gelation;
2. Cellulose ethers’s non-ionic itself and can coexist with a wide range of other water-soluble polymers, surfactants, and salts, a fine colloidal thickener for the solution containing a high concentration of electrolytes;
3. Cellulose ethers's water retention capacity is twice as that of methyl cellulose, and it has better flow-regulating property;
4. Cellulose ethers are stable in viscosity and prevented from mildew.
Cellulose ethers enables the paint to have good can-opening effects and better leveling properties in construction.



MOISTURE VALUE OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
The amount of moisture in the Cellulose ethers content to be tested is measured by placing 1 g in a moisture analyzer set at 105 degrees, according to the ASTM D2364-15 standard.



DRILL INTO BETTER OIL PRODUCTION:
Useful in different forms of oil production, Cellulose ethers are a family of nonionic, water-soluble polymers that can thicken, suspend, bind, stabilize, disperse, form films, emulsify, retain water and provide protective colloid action.
These unique materials can be used to prepare solutions with a wide range of viscosities – including moderate viscosities with normal colloidal properties to maximum viscosities with minimal dissolved solids.

In workover and completion fluids, Cellulose ethers are a viscosifier.
Cellulose ethers helps oil producers provide clear, low-solids fluids that help minimize damage to the formation.
Fluids thickened with Cellulose ethers are easily broken with acid, enzymes or oxidating agents to maximize the potential for hydrocarbon recovery.
In fracturing fluids, Cellulose ethers materials act as carriers for proppant.

These fluids also can be broken down easily with acid, enzymes or oxidating agents.
Using the low-solids concept, drilling fluids that are formulated with Cellulose ethers offer increased penetration rates with good borehole stability.
Property-inhibited fluids can be used in drilling medium-to-hard rock formations, as well as heaving or sloughing shales.
In cementing operations, Cellulose ethers materials reduce hydraulic friction of the slurry and minimize water loss to the formation.



PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers are a free-flowing powder or granules that range in color from white to slightly yellowish.
Cellulose ethers are odorless and tasteless and contains residual moisture determined by the conditions of production, as well as a small amount of residual salts.
Cellulose ethers can also contain other additives which, for example, regulate the solubility and dispersibility or purposefully influence the development of viscosity.
Depending on the field of application, Cellulose ethers are offered in unmodified and modified form.

The most important properties of Cellulose ethers:
*solubility
*thickening effect
*surface activity



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Cellulose ethers are an important non-ionic, water-soluble cellulose derivative.
Cellulose ethers are a completely odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic white to light-yellow powder that readily dissolves in hot and cold water but is insoluble in most organic solvents.
When dissolved in water, Cellulose ethers forms a transparent viscous solution which has a non-Newtonian behavior.

The hydroxyl groups of Cellulose ethers present in the side chains can be reacted with hydrophobic moities to modify the properties of HEC.
For example, attaching polyether chains onto the cellulose (alkoxylation) yields hydrophobically modified Cellulose ethers.
Cellulose ethers are an associative thickener that forms a reversible three-dimensional supramolecular network in solution through intra- and intermolecular associations of the hydrophobic groups.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
Appearance Form: powder
Color: beige
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available

Vapor density: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Appearance Form: powder
Color: beige
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available

Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Chemical formula: variable
Molar mass: variable
Melting point: 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K)
Appearance: white or similar to white powder
Moisture(%): Max. 8.0
PH: 6.0-8.5
Apparent Density: 0.30-0.50 g/ml

Type: Interior / Exterior / Solid Paints
Form: Powder
Appearance: white powder
Etherification: high etherification
Particle size: powder
Delayed solubility: yes
Biostability: yes
Viscosity level (according to Höppler): hydroxyethyl cellulose
Viscosity: 4200 - 5500 mPa-s
solution pH: 6-8.5
Moisture content (packed): <6%
Ash (calculated as Na2SO4): <6%
particle size: no more than 10%
Esterification (MS): 2.70
swelling time: 20 minutes.
Bulk densit: 0.45g/l
Lower explosion limits: 30 g/m³
Upper explosion limits:
Density (at 20 °C): 1,1-1,5 g/cm³
Water solubility: (at 20 °C) > 10 g/L

Partition coefficient: log POW < 0
Ignition temperature: > 460 °C
Auto-ignition temperature > 120 °C
Explosive properties The product is considered non-explosive.
Bulk density: 200 - 600 g/l
Conbustion class: 5
Smoulder temperature: 280 °C
pmax: 10 bar
KSt: < 200 bar*m/s
Dust explosion class: ST1
Minimum ignition energy: > 10 mJ
Physical state: Powder
Colour:Whitish
Odour: characteristic
Test method
pH-Value (at 20 °C): 6 - 8 10 g/l
Changes in the physical state
Melting point: n.a.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: n.a.
Flash point: n.a



FIRST AID MEASURES of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
-Environmental precautions:
No special environmental precautions required.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Choose body protection in relation to its type
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection is not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
No special environmental precautions required.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
General industrial hygiene practice.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13: Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CELLULOSE ETHERS:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose,2-hydroxyethylcelluloseether
ah15
aw15(polysaccharide)
aw15[polysaccharide]
bl15
cellosize
Hydroxyethyl cellulose – Viscosity 1500 ~ 2500
5-[6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[4-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol
2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose
Cellulose, hydroxyethyl ether
Hydroxyethylcellulose
2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose
Hyetellose
Natrosol
Cellosize
Hydroxyethyl cellulose
HS 100,000 YP2
Cellulose, 2 – hydroxyethyl ether
hydroxyethyl cellulose
Methyl 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose cas no: 9004-62-0



CELLULOSE GUM
Cellulose gum is a common food additive used to thicken and stabilize a variety of foods.
Cellulose gum harness the properties of other substances found in nature to impart useful characteristics in food. Cellulose gum can help keep foods and beverages stable so nutrients remain mixed, ensure that oil and water based ingredients don’t separate and help produce a consistent texture that consumers expect from certain foods.

CAS: 9004-32-4
MF: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
MW: 0
EINECS: 618-378-6

Synonyms
9004-32-4, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Celluvisc (TN), Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021, SCHEMBL25311455, C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000), D01544, M.W. 700000(DS=0.9), 2500 - 4500mPa.s

Cellulose gum is produced from the structural parts of certain plants, primarily trees or cotton.
Cellulose gum sources are farmed sustainably and processed using a form of acetic acid and salt.
Acetic acid is a mild acid which is a main component of vinegar.
After mixing the cotton or wood with acetic acid and salt, the mixture is filtered and dried to create a fine powder—the cellulose gum.
Cellulose gum is very useful as only a small amount needs to be added to foods to maintain moisture or increase texture and thickness.
As a result, you will often find Cellulose gum listed near the end of the ingredients list in foods.

Cellulose Gum, also known as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, is a common ingredient used in cosmetics.
Cellulose Gum is a white or off-white powder that serves as a versatile additive in cosmetic formulations.
Cellulose Gum is widely employed as a stabilizer, emulsifier, and thickening agent.
Cellulose Gums presence in cosmetics helps to enhance product texture, viscosity, and overall performance.
Cellulose Gum has excellent water-binding properties, contributing to improved hydration and moisture retention in skincare and hair care products.
Cellulose Gum is valued for its ability to create smooth and creamy formulations while providing stability and consistency.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is used in a large variety of applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
It is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.
It is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.

Cellulose Gum Chemical Properties
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239
Storage temp: room temp
Solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
Form: low viscosity
Pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Cellulose Gum (9004-32-4)

Uses
Cellulose Gum is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Cellulose Gum is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
Cellulose Gum is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution. It is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Cellulose Gum is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Cellulose Gum is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Due to the fact that the acid form of Cellulose Gum has poor water solubility, it is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.

Cellulose Gum is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Cellulose Gum is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
Cellulose Gum is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Cellulose Gum is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
Cellulose Gum can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.
Quality product can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.

Production Methods
Alkali cellulose is prepared by steeping cellulose obtained from wood pulp or cotton fibers in sodium hydroxide solution.
The alkaline cellulose is then reacted with sodium monochloroacetate to produce Cellulose Gum.
Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate are obtained as by-products of this etherification.

Synthesis
Cellulose Gum is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by Sodium carboxymethyl groups in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alkalinization and etherification.
Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O
Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.
ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O
Cell·O-Na+ +ClCH2COO- →Cell-OCH2COO-Na
The DS of the sodium CMC can be controlled by the reaction conditions and use of organic solvents (such as isopropanol).
CELLULOSE GUM
Cellulose gum is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic cellulose ether in which some of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule have been replaced with a carboxy group.
Cellulose gum is a thickening agent that is made by reacting cellulose (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).
Cellulose gum is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6
Molecular Formula: [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)]
Molecular Weight: 262.19 g/mol

Synonyms: cellulose gum, CMC, Na CMC, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium CMC, Cellulose Glycolic Acid Sodium Salt, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Sodium Cellulose Glycolate, Sodium Tylose, Tylose Sodium, C.M.C., C.m.c., C.m.c. (TN): , Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (usp), Carmellose sodium: , Carmellose sodium (JP15, Celluvisc, Celluvisc (TN): , Sodium 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal acetic acid, 9004-32-4, SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, Cellulose gum, Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether, CMC powder, Celluvisc (TN), C8H15NaO8, Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021, C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, E466, K625, D01544, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium - Viscosity 100 - 300 mPa.s, Cellulose Glycolic Acid Sodium Salt (n=approx. 500), Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (n=approx. 500)Sodium Cellulose Glycolate (n=approx. 500), Sodium Tylose (n=approx. 500), Tylose Sodium (n=approx. 500), 12M31Xp, 1400Lc, 2000Mh, 30000A, 7H3Sf, 7H3Sx, 7H4Xf, 7L2C, 7Mxf, 9H4F-Cmc, 9H4Xf, 9M31X, 9M31Xf, AG, Ac-Of-Sol, Antizol, Aoih, Aquacel, Aquaplast, Blanose, CMC, CMC-Na, Cellcosan, Cellofas, Cellogen, Cellpro, Cellugel, Cepol, Cmc-Clt, Cmc-Lvt, Cmcna, Collowel, Covagel, Dehydazol, Diko, Dissolvo, Dte-Nv, Ethoxose, F-Sl, Finnfix, Hpc-Mfp, KMTs, Kiccolate, Lovosa, Lucel, Marpolose, Micell, Natrium-Carboxymethyl-Cellulose, Nymcel, Orabase, PATs-V, Pac-R, Relatin, Scmc, Serogel, Sichozell, Sunrose, T.P.T, VinoStab, Yo-Eh, Yo-L, Yo-M, Substituents:: , Hexose monosaccharide, Medium-chain aldehyde, Beta-hydroxy aldehyde, Acetate salt, Alpha-hydroxyaldehyde, Carboxylic acid salt, Secondary alcohol, Carboxylic acid derivative, Carboxylic acid, Organic alkali metal salt, Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives, Polyol, Organic sodium salt, Aldehyde, Hydrocarbon derivative, Alcohol, Organic oxide, Carbonyl group, Primary alcohol, Organic salt, Organic zwitterion, Aliphatic acyclic compound, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, 7H3SF, AC-Di-sol. NF, AKU-W 515, Aquaplast, Avicel RC/CL, B 10, B 10 (Polysaccharide), Blanose BS 190, Blanose BWM, CM-Cellulose sodium salt, CMC, CMC 2, CMC 3M5T, CMC 41A, CMC 4H1, CMC 4M6, CMC 7H, CMC 7H3SF, CMC 7L1, NCMC 7M, CMC 7MT, CMC sodium salt, Carbose 1M, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, low-substituted, Carmellose sodium, low-substituted, Carmethose, Cellofas, Cellofas B, Cellofas B5, Cellofas B50, Cellofas B6, Cellofas C, Cellogel C, Cellogen 3H, Cellogen PR, Cellogen WS-C, Cellpro, Cellufix FF 100, Cellufresh, Cellugel, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt, Cellulose glycolic acid, sodium salt, Cellulose gum, Cellulose sodium glycolate, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, low-substituted, Celluvisc, Collowel, Copagel PB 25, Courlose A 590, Courlose A 610, Courlose A 650, Courlose F 1000G, Courlose F 20, Courlose F 370, Courlose F 4, Courlose F 8, Daicel 1150, Daicel 1180, Edifas B, Ethoxose, Fine Gum HES, Glikocel TA, KMTs 212, KMTs 300, KMTs 500, KMTs 600, Lovosa, Lovosa 20alk., Lovosa TN, Lucel (polysaccharide), Majol PLX, Modocoll 1200, NaCm-cellulose salt, Nymcel S, Nymcel ZSB 10, Nymcel ZSB 16, Nymcel slc-T, Polyfibron 120, Refresh Plus, Cellufresh Formula, S 75M, Sanlose SN 20A, Sarcell TEL, Sodium CM-cellulose, Sodium CMC, Sodium carboxmethylcellulose, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium glycolate cellulose, Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, Tylose 666; Tylose C, Tylose C 1000P, Tylose C 30, Tylose C 300, Tylose C 600, Tylose CB 200, Tylose CB series, Tylose CBR 400, Tylose CBR seriesÜ Tylose CBS 30, Tylose CBS 70, Tylose CR, Tylose CR 50, Tylose DKL, Unisol RH, Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, Orabase, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, Cethylose, Cel-O-Brandt, Glykocellon, Carbose D, Xylo-Mucine, Tylose MGA, Cellolax, Polycell, SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, 9004-32-4, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, UNII-NTZ4DNW8J6, UNII-6QM647NAYU, UNII-WR51BRI81M, UNII-7F32ERV10S, Carboxymethylcelulose, sodium salt, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose sodium [USP], Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; (Dowex 11), CMC powder, Celluvisc (TN), Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021, C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, E466, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000), D01544, Acétate de sodium - hexose (1:1:1) [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Natriumacetat -hexose (1:1:1) [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Sodium acetate - hexose (1:1:1) [ACD/IUPAC Name], [9004-32-4] [RN], 9004-32-4 [RN], C.M.C. [Trade name], CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, SODIUM SALT, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium [USP], Carmellose sodium [JP15], Celluvisc [Trade name], cmc, MFCD00081472

Cellulose gum or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Cellulose gum is often used as its sodium salt, Cellulose gum.
Cellulose gum used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.

Cellulose gum is an anionic water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose by etherification, substituting the hydroxyl groups with carboxymethyl groups on the cellulose chain.

Cellulose gum is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Cellulose gum is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Cellulose gum is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.

Cellulose gum, the most widely used water-based biopolymer binder in the laboratory at present, is a linear derivative of cellulose substituted by β–linked glucopyranose residues and carboxymethyl groups.

Cellulose gum is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic cellulose ether in which some of the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule have been replaced with a carboxy group.
Cellulose gum, also referred to as E 466, is an efficient thickener and binder for water based applications including adhesives, coatings, inks, gel packs, drilling mud and battery electrodes.

Cellulose gum is the sodium salt of cellulose arboxymethyl and frequently used as viscous agent, paste and barrier agent.

Cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative that consists of the cellulose backbone made up of glucopyranose monomers and their hydroxyl groups bound to carboxymethyl groups.
Cellulose gum is added in food products as a viscosity modifier or thickener and emulsifier.
Cellulose gum is also one of the most common viscous polymers used in artificial tears, and has shown to be effective in the treatment of aqueous tear-deficient dry eye symptoms and ocular surface staining.

The viscous and mucoadhesive properties as well as Cellulose gum anionic charge allow prolonged retention time in the ocular surface.
Cellulose gum is the most commonly used salt.

Cellulose gum is one of the important modified cellulose, a water-soluble cellulose, which is widely used in many application of food, pharmaceuticals, detergent, paper coating, dispersing agent, and others.
Cellulose gum addition possibly increases the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation features of Magnesium.

Cellulose gum is a thickening agent that is made by reacting cellulose (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).
Cellulose gum is also called E 466.

Cellulose gum has long been considered safe, but a 2015 study funded by the National Institutes of Health raised some doubts.
Cellulose gum found that both Cellulose gum and another emulsifier (polysorbate 80) affected gut bacteria and triggered inflam­matory bowel disease symptoms and other changes in the gut, as well as obesity and a set of obesity-related disease risk factors known as metabolic syndrome.

In mice that were predisposed to colitis, the emulsifiers promoted the disease.
Cellulose gum is possible that polysorbates, Cellulose gum, and other emulsifiers act like detergents to disrupt the mucous layer that lines the gut, and that the results of the study may apply to other emulsifiers as well.
Research is needed to determine long-term effects of these and other emulsifiers at levels that people consume.

Cellulose gum is not absorbed or digested, so the FDA allows Cellulose gum to be included with “dietary fiber” on food labels.
Cellulose gum isn’t as healthful as fiber that comes from natural foods.

Cellulose gum is an anionic water-soluble polymer based on renewable cellulosic raw material.
Cellulose gum functions as a rheology modifier, binder, dispersant, and an excellent film former.
These attributes make Cellulose gum a preferred choice as a bio-based hydrocolloid in multiple applications.

Cellulose gum or E 466 is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Cellulose gum, Sodium Salt is the most often used form of E 466.

Cellulose gum is used in a variety of industries as a thickener and/or to prepare stable emulsions in both food and non-food products.
Insoluble microgranular Cellulose gum is used as a cation-exchange resin in ion-exchange chromatography for purification of proteins.
Cellulose gum has also been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex).

Cellulose gum can be used to stabilize palladized iron nanoparticles, which can further be utilized in the dichlorination of contaminated subsurfaces.
Cellulose gum may also be used as a polymeric matrix to form a composite with a crystalline nanofibril for the development of sustainable bio-based polymers.
Cellulose gum can also bind with a hard carbon electrode for the fabrication of sodium ion-batteries.

Cellulose gum is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Cellulose gum is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Cellulose gum is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.

Cellulose gum is an anionic polymer with a clarified solution dissolved in cold or hot water.
Cellulose gum functions as a thickening rheology modifier, moisture retention agent, texture/body building agent, suspension agent, and binding agent in personal products and toothpaste.

Adding Cellulose gum into toothpaste has obvious effects in binding and body structure.
Due to Cellulose gum's good uniform substitution ability, excellent salt tolerance and acid resistance, the toothpaste can be easily extruded and show better appearance, and impart a smooth and comfortable toothfeel.

Cellulose gum, sodium appears as white, fibrous, free-flowing powder, and is used commonly as an FDA-approved disintegrant in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Disintegrants facilitate the breakup of a tablet in the intestinal tract after oral administration.
Without a disintegrant, tablets may not dissolve appropriately and may effect the amount of active ingredient absorbed, thereby decreasing effectiveness.

According to the FDA Select Committee on GRAS food Substances, Cellulose gum is virtually unabsorbed.
Cellulose gum is generally regarded as safe when used in normal quantities.

Cellulose gum is the sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose obtained from plant material.
In essence, Cellulose gum is a chemically modified cellulose that has a carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.

Cellulose gum is available in different degrees of substitution, generally in the range 0.6 – 0.95 derivatives per monomer unit, and molecular weights.
Commercial grades of Cellulose gum are supplied as white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powders.

Cellulose gum is a derivative of cellulose, in which part of the hydroxyl is linked to a carboxymethyl group (–CH2–COOH) as ether.
Cellulose gums are not soluble in water in an acidic form, but they dissolve well in basic solvents.

They are used, e.g., to monitor filtration or to increase the viscosity of drilling fluids.
Cellulose gum is available in different viscosity grades and purity levels.

Cellulose gum is able to form solid gels.
Cellulose gum also strengthens the effect of emulsifiers and prevents undesirable substantive lumps.

As Cellulose gum forms robust, smooth films, Cellulose gum is also used as a coating agent.
Cellulose gum is the only cellulose derivative that can also form and stabilize foams.

Cellulose gum is derived from natural cellulose, or plant fibre.
In Cellulose gum dry form, it’s an odourless and flavourless white, grey or yellow powder that dissolves in water.
When used in cosmetics, Cellulose gum stops lotions and creams from separating and controls the thickness and texture of liquids, creams and gels.

Cellulose gum (technically, Carboxymethylcelluloses) is a family of chemically modified cellulose derivatives containing the carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
When Cellulose gum is recovered and presented as the Sodium salt, the resulting polymer is what is known as Cellulose gum, and has the general chemical formula, [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]n.

Cellulose gum was discovered shortly after Word War 1 and has been produced commercially since the early 1930s.
Cellulose gum is produced by treating cellulose with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution followed by monochloroacetic acid or Cellulose gum sodium salt.

In a parallel reaction two by-products, sodium chloride and sodium glycolate, are produced.
Once these by-products are removed, high purity Cellulose gum is obtained.

As a general rule, the obtained material has a slight excess of sodium hydroxide and has to be neutralised.
The neutralisation endpoint can affect the properties of Cellulose gum.
In the final step, Cellulose gum is dried, milled to the desired particle size, and packaged.

Food and pharmaceutical grade Cellulose gum is required by law to contain not less than 99.5% pure Cellulose gum and a maximum of 0.5% of residual salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
The degree of substitution (DS) can vary between 0.2-1.5, although Cellulose gum is generally in the range of 0.6-0.95.

The DS determines the behaviour of Cellulose gum in water: Grades with DS >0.6 form colloidal solutions in water that are transparent and clear, i.e the higher the content of carboxymethyl groups, the higher the solubility and smoother the solutions obtained.
Cellulose gum with a DS below 0.6 tends to be only partially soluble.

Cellulose gum is available as a white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powder.

Cellulose gum is the sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of 13 cellulose.
Cellulose gum contains not less than 6.0 percent and not more than 12.0 percent of 14 sodium (Na) on the dried basis, corresponding to 0.53 -1.45 degree of 15 substitution.

Applications of Cellulose gum:
Cellulose gum (CMC, methyl cellulose, Methylcellulose) is a modified E 466 (Thickener is E461).
Cellulose gum tends to give clear, slightly gummy, solutions.

They are generally soluble in cold water and insoluble in hot.
Cellulose gum is used to thicken dry mix beverage, syrups, ripples and ice cream, and also to stabilise ice cream, batters and sour milk.
Cellulose gum gives moisture retention to cake mixes and water binding and thickening to icings.

Cellulose gum can be used as a binder in the preparation of graphene nano-platelet based inks for the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
Cellulose gum can also be used as a viscosity enhancer in the development of tyrosinase based inks for the formation of electrodes for biosensor applications.
Cellulose gum is used as a support material for a variety of cathodes and anodes for microbial fuel cells.

Cellulose gum is used as a highly effective additive to improve Cellulose gum and processing properties in various fields of application - from foodstuffs, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to products for the paper and textile industries.

Building material additives, printing inks, coatings, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, paper or textiles – there’s a long and growing list of applications.
Special-purpose cellulose derivatives produced by Wolff Cellulosics provide invisible yet indispensable benefits in countless everyday products.

Fields of Application:
Our cellulosic products perform all kinds of different functions in the various fields of application.

Their capabilities include:
Water retention
Gelling
Emulsifying
Suspending
Absorbing
Stabilising
Bonding
Forming films

Cellulose gum is also used in numerous medical applications.

Some examples include:
Device for epistaxis (nose bleeding).
A poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) balloon is covered by Cellulose gum knitted fabric reinforced by nylon.

The device is soaked in water to form a gel, which is inserted into the nose of the balloon and inflated.
The combination of the inflated balloon and the therapeutic effect of the Cellulose gum stops the bleeding.

Fabric used as a dressing following ear nose and throat surgical procedures.

Water is added to form a gel, and this gel is inserted into the sinus cavity following surgery.
In ophthalmology, Cellulose gum is used as a lubricating agent in artificial tears solutions for the treatment of dry eyes.

In veterinary medicine, Cellulose gum is used in abdominal surgeries in large animals, particularly horses, to prevent the formation of bowel adhesions.

Research applications:
Insoluble Cellulose gum (water-insoluble) can be used in the purification of proteins, particularly in the form of charged filtration membranes or as granules in cation-exchange resins for ion-exchange chromatography.
Cellulose gum low solubility is a result of a lower DS value (the number of carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit in the cellulose chain) compared to soluble Cellulose gum.

Insoluble Cellulose gum offers physical properties similar to insoluble cellulose, while the negatively charged carboxylate groups allow Cellulose gum to bind to positively charged proteins.
Insoluble Cellulose gum can also be chemically cross-linked to enhance the mechanical strength of Cellulose gum.

Moreover, Cellulose gum has been used extensively to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases (part of the cellulase complex); Cellulose gum is a highly specific substrate for endo-acting cellulases, as Cellulose gum structure has been engineered to decrystallize cellulose and create amorphous sites that are ideal for endoglucanase action.
Cellulose gum is desirable because the catalysis product (glucose) is easily measured using a reducing sugar assay, such as 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.

Using Cellulose gum in enzyme assays is especially important in screening for cellulase enzymes that are needed for more efficient cellulosic ethanol conversion.
Cellulose gum was misused in early work with cellulase enzymes, as many had associated whole cellulase activity with Cellulose gum hydrolysis.
As the mechanism of cellulose depolymerization became better understood, Cellulose gum became clear that exo-cellulases are dominant in the degradation of crystalline (e.g. Avicel) and not soluble (e.g. Cellulose gum) cellulose.

In food applications:
Cellulose gum is used as a stabiliser, thickener, film former, suspending agent and extender.
Applications include ice cream, dressings, pies, sauces, and puddings.
Cellulose gum is available in various viscosities depending on the function Cellulose gum is to serve.

In non food applications:
Cellulose gum is sold under a variety of trade names and is used as a thickener and emulsifier in various cosmetic products, and also as a treatment of constipation.
Like cellulose, Cellulose gum is not digestible, not toxic, and not allergenic.
Some practitioners are using this for weight loss.

Treatment of constipation:
When eaten, methylcellulose is not absorbed by the intestines but passes through the digestive tract undisturbed.
Cellulose gum attracts large amounts of water into the colon, producing a softer and bulkier stool.

Cellulose gum is used to treat constipation, diverticulosis, hemorrhoids and irritable bowel syndrome.
Cellulose gum should be taken with sufficient amounts of fluid to prevent dehydration.
Because Cellulose gum absorbs water and potentially toxic materials and increases viscosity, Cellulose gum can also be used to treat diarrhea.

Lubricant:
Methylcellulose is used as a variable viscosity personal lubricant; Cellulose gum is the main ingredient in K-Y Jelly.

Artificial tears and saliva:
Solutions containing methylcellulose or similar cellulose derivatives are used as substitute for tears or saliva if the natural production of these fluids is disturbed.

Paper and textile sizing:
Methylcellulose is used as sizing in the production of papers and textiles.
Cellulose gum protects the fibers from absorbing water or oil.

Special effects:
The slimy, gooey appearance of an appropriate preparation of methylcellulose with water, in addition to Cellulose gum non-toxic, non-allergenic, and edible properties, makes Cellulose gum popular for use in special effects for motion pictures and television wherever vile slimes must be simulated.
In the film Ghostbusters, for example, the gooey substance that supernatural entities used to “slime” the Ghostbusters was mostly a thick water solution of methylcellulose.

Cellulose gum is also often used in the pornographic industry to simulate semen in large quantity, in order to shoot movies related to bukkake fetish.
Cellulose gum is preferable to food-based fake semen (e.g., condensed milk) because this last solution can often cause problems, especially when the ingredient used contains sugar.
Sugar is thought to encourage yeast infection when Cellulose gum is injected in the vagina.

Applications in Pharmaceutical Formulations or Technology:
Cellulose gum (technically, Carboxymethylcelluloses) is a family of chemically modified cellulose derivatives containing the carboxymethyl ether group (-O-CH2-COO-) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
When Cellulose gum is recovered and presented as the Sodium salt, the resulting polymer is what is known as Cellulose gum, and has the general chemical formula, [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]n.

Cellulose gum was discovered shortly after Word War 1 and has been produced commercially since the early 1930s.
Cellulose gum is produced by treating cellulose with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution followed by monochloroacetic acid or Cellulose gum sodium salt.

In a parallel reaction two by-products, sodium chloride and sodium glycolate, are produced.
Once these by-products are removed, high purity Sodium Cellulose gum is obtained.

As a general rule, the obtained material has a slight excess of sodium hydroxide and has to be neutralised.
The neutralisation endpoint can affect the properties of Cellulose gum.
In the final step, Cellulose gum is dried, milled to the desired particle size, and packaged.

Food and pharmaceutical grade Cellulose gum is required by law to contain not less than 99.5% pure Cellulose gum and a maximum of 0.5% of residual salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
The degree of substitution (DS) can vary between 0.2-1.5, although Cellulose gum is generally in the range of 0.6-0.95.

The DS determines the behaviour of Cellulose gum in water: Grades with DS >0.6 form colloidal solutions in water that are transparent and clear, i.e the higher the content of carboxymethyl groups, the higher the solubility and smoother the solutions obtained.
Cellulose gum with a DS below 0.6 tends to be only partially soluble.

Cellulose gum is available as a white to almost white, odourless, tasteless, granular powder.

Uses of Cellulose gum:
Cellulose gum is used in drilling muds, detergents, resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, and textile sizes.
Cellulose gum is also used as a protective colloid, a stabilizer for foods, and a pharmaceutical additive.

Cellulose gum is used as a bulk laxative, emulsifier and thickener in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and stabilizer for reagents.
Cellulose gum is formerly registered in the US for use as an insecticide for ornamental and flowering plants.

Cellulose gum is permitted for use as an inert ingredient in non-food pesticide products.
Cellulose gum is used as an anticaking agent, drying agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, stabilizer or thickener, and texturizer in foods.

Introduction:
Cellulose gum is used in a variety of applications ranging from food production to medical treatments.
Cellulose gum is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.

Cellulose gum is used primarily because Cellulose gum has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Non-food products include products such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, various paper products, filtration materials, synthetic membranes, wound healing applications, and also in leather crafting to help burnish edges.

Food science:
Cellulose gum is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when Cellulose gum is enzymatically hydrolyzed), as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream.
Cellulose gum is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.

Cellulose gum is used to achieve tartrate or cold stability in wine, an innovation that may save megawatts of electricity used to chill wine in warm climates.
Cellulose gum is more stable than metatartaric acid and is very effective in inhibiting tartrate precipitation.
Cellulose gum is reported that KHT crystals, in presence of Cellulose gum, grow slower and change their morphology.

Their shape becomes flatter because they lose 2 of the 7 faces, changing their dimensions.
Cellulose gum molecules, negatively charged at wine pH, interact with the electropositive surface of the crystals, where potassium ions are accumulated.
The slower growth of the crystals and the modification of their shape are caused by the competition between Cellulose gum molecules and bitartrate ions for binding to the KHT crystals.

Specific culinary uses:
Cellulose gum powder is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Cellulose gum is used in baking breads and cakes.
The use of Cellulose gum gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.

Cellulose gum is also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.
By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, Cellulose gum improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.
Cellulose gum can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.

Use of Cellulose gum in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.
Cellulose gum is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.

Other uses:
In laundry detergents, Cellulose gum is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.
Cellulose gum is also used as a thickening agent, for example, in the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where Cellulose gumacts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.

Cellulose gum is sometimes used as an electrode binder in advanced battery applications (i.e. lithium ion batteries), especially with graphite anodes.
Cellulose gum's water solubility allows for less toxic and costly processing than with non-water-soluble binders, like the traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which requires toxic n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for processing.
Cellulose gum is often used in conjunction with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) for electrodes requiring extra flexibility, e.g. for use with silicon-containing anodes.

Cellulose gum is also used in ice packs to form a eutectic mixture resulting in a lower freezing point, and therefore more cooling capacity than ice.

Aqueous solutions of Cellulose gum have also been used to disperse carbon nanotubes, where the long Cellulose gum molecules are thought to wrap around the nanotubes, allowing them to be dispersed in water.

In conservation-restoration, Cellulose gumis used as an adhesive or fixative (commercial name Walocel, Klucel).

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Petroleum Production and Refining
Textiles (Fiber & Fabric Manufacturing)
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Farming (Pesticides)

Adverse reactions of Cellulose gum:
Effects on inflammation, microbiota-related metabolic syndrome, and colitis are a subject of research.
Cellulose gum is suggested as a possible cause of inflammation of the gut, through alteration of the human gastrointestinal microbiota, and has been suggested as a triggering factor in inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

While thought to be uncommon, case reports of severe reactions to Cellulose gum exist.
Skin testing is believed to be a useful diagnostic tool for this purpose.
Cellulose gum was the active ingredient in an eye drop brand Ezricare Artificial Tears which was recalled due to potential bacterial contamination.

Preparation of Cellulose gum:
Cellulose gum is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Cellulose gum.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% Cellulose gum and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
Cellulose gum is the so-called technical Cellulose gum, which is used in detergents.

An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Cellulose gum, which is used for alimentary and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.

Structure and properties of Cellulose gum:
The functional properties of Cellulose gum depend on the degree of substitution of the cellulose structure [i.e., how many of the hydroxyl groups have been converted to carboxymethylene(oxy) groups in the substitution reaction], as well as the chain length of the cellulose backbone structure and the degree of clustering of the carboxymethyl substituents.

Structure:
Cellulose gum is typical ionic-type cellulose ether and the frequently used product is Cellulose gum sodium salt, as well as ammonium and aluminum salts.
Sometimes, Cellulose gum acids can be produced.

When degree of substitution (that is, the average value of hydroxyl groups reacted with the substitution of each anhydrous glucose monomer) is 1, Cellulose gum molecular formula is [C6H7O2 (OH) 2OCH2COONa] n.
With drying at the temperature of 105℃ and constant weight, the content of sodium is 6.98-8.5%.

Appearance and Solubility:
The pure Cellulose gum is white or milk white fibrous powder or particles, odorless and tasteless.
Cellulose gumis insoluble in organic solvents such as methanol, alcohol, diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform and benzene but soluble in water.
Degree of substitution is an important factor influencing water solubility and the viscosity of Cellulose gum also has a great effect on the water solubility.

In general when the viscosity is within 25-50Pa•s and the degree of substitution is about 0.3, Cellulose gumshows alkaline solubility and while the degree of substitution is over 0.4, Cellulose gumshows water solubility.
With the rise of DS, the transparency of solution improves accordingly.
In addition, the replacement homogeneity also has an great effect on the solubility.

Hygroscopicity:
Cellulose gum equilibrium water content will increase with the rise of air humidity but decrease with the rise of temperature.
At room temperature and average humidity of 80-85%, the equilibrium water content is more than 26% but moisture content in Cellulose gums is lower than 10%, lower than the former.
As far as Cellulose gum shape is concerned, even if the water content is about 15%, there seems no difference in appearance.

However, when the moisture content reaches above 20%, inter-particle mutual adhesion can be perceived and the higher the viscosity is, the more evident Cellulose gumwill become.
For these polarized high-molecular compounds like Cellulose gum, the hygroscopic degree is not only affected by the relative humidity but also by the number of polarity.

The higher the degree os substitution is, that is, the larger the number of polarity, the stronger the hygroscopicity will be.
Moreover, crystallinity also affects Cellulose gumand the higher the crystallinity is, the smaller the hygroscopic will be.

Compatibility:
Cellulose gum has good compatibility with other kinds of water-soluble glues, softeners and resin.
For example, Cellulose gumis compatible with animal glues, dimethoxy dimethylurea gel, Arabic gum, pectin, tragacanth gum, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, glycerol, invert sugar, soluble starch and sodium alginate.

Cellulose gumis also compatible with casein, Cellulose gum of melamine- formaldehyde resin and ethylene glycol, urea formaldehyde ethylene glycol resin, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), phosphate nitrilotriacetic acid, and sodium silicate but the degree is slightly poorer.
1% Cellulose gum solution is compatible with most inorganic salts.

Dissociation Constant:
In the giant polymer matrix of Cellulose gum, there are plenty of electrolyzing groups (carboxymethyl groups).
The acidity is similar to that of acetic acid and the dissociation constant is 5×10-5.
The dissociation strength has an considerable effect on the electrical properties of Cellulose gum.

Biochemical Properties:
Although Cellulose gum solution is difficult to get rotten than natural gums, under certain conditions, some microbes enable Cellulose gumto get rotten, especially with cellulose and taka-amylase reactions, leading to the decrease of solution viscosity.
The higher the DS of Cellulose gum is, the less Cellulose gumwill be affected by enzymes and this is because the side chain linked with glucose residues prevents enzymolysis.

Since the enzyme action leads to the breakage of Cellulose gum main chain and generates reducing sugar, in this way the degree of polymerization will decrease and the solution viscosity will accordingly decrease.
The digestive enzymes within human body can have no decomposition on Cellulose gum and Cellulose gum has no decomposition in acid or alkaline digestive juice.

Handling and storage of Cellulose gum:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

Stability and reactivity of Cellulose gum:

Reactivity:
The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures: in correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed.

Chemical stability:
Cellulose gum is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Possibility of hazardous reactions:

Violent reactions possible with:
strong oxidising agents

Conditions to avoid:
no information available

Incompatible materials:
No data available

First aid measures of Cellulose gum:

If inhaled:

After inhalation:
Fresh air.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.

In case of eye contact:

After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:

After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

Firefighting measures of Cellulose gum:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For Cellulose gum no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from Cellulose gum or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.
Combustible.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters:
In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental release measures of Cellulose gum:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Avoid inhalation of dusts.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.

Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.

Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
Avoid generation of dusts.

Identifiers of Cellulose gum:
CAS Number: 9004-32-4
ChEBI: CHEBI:85146
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1909054
ChemSpider: none
ECHA InfoCard: 100.120.377
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)
UNII: 05JZI7B19X
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7040441

EC / List no.: 618-378-6
CAS no.: 9004-32-4

Synonym(s): Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt
CAS Number: 9004-32-4
MDL number: MFCD00081472
NACRES: NA.23

ChEBI: CHEBI:85146
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1909054
ChemSpider: none
ECHA InfoCard: 100.120.377
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)
UNII: 05JZI7B19X
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7040441
Chemical formula: C8H15NaO8
Molar mass: variable
SMILES: CC(=O)[O-].C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O.[Na+]
InChI Key: QMGYPNKICQJHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H12O6.C2H4O2.Na/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8;1-2(3)4;/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2;1H3,(H,3,4);/q;;+1/p-1

Product Number: C0603
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: [C6H7O2(OH)x(OCH2COONa)y]__n
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Condition to Avoid: Hygroscopic
CAS RN: 9004-32-4
Merck Index (14): 1829
MDL Number: MFCD00081472

Physical state at 20 °C: Solid:
Colour: Almost white powder:
Odour: Odorless
pH value: 6.5 - 8.5
Density [g/cm3]: 1.59:
Solubility in water [% weight]: Soluble in water

Physical State: Solid
Solubility: Soluble in water (20 mg/ml).
Storage: Store at room temperature

Properties of Cellulose gum:
form: powder
Quality Level: 200
autoignition temp.: 698 °F
mol wt: average Mw ~700,000
extent of labeling: 0.9 carboxymethyl groups per anhydroglucose unit
mp: 270 °C (dec.)
InChI: 1S/C6H12O6.C2H4O2.Na/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8;1-2(3)4;/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2;1H3,(H,3,4);
InChI key: DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

logP: -3.6:
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 11.8
pKa (Strongest Basic): -3
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 6
Hydrogen Donor Count: 5
Polar Surface Area: 118.22 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 37.35 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 16.07 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No

Appearance: Off white to cream colored powder
Assay (as Na; HClO4 titration, on anhydrous basis): 6.5 - 9.5%
Identity: Passes test
pH (1% solution): 6.5 - 8.0
Viscosity (1% solution; 20°C on dried basis): 250 - 350 cps
Appearance of solution: Passes test
Insoluble matter in water: Passes test
Loss on drying (at 105°C): Max 10%
Sulphated Ash (as SO4; on dried basis): 20 - 29.3%
Chloride (Cl): Max 0.25%
Sodium glycolate: Max 0.4%
Heavy metal (as Pb): Max 0.002%
Arsenic (As): Max 0.0003%
Iron (Fe): Max 0.02%

Condition to Avoid: Hygroscopic
Content(Na,Drying substance): 6.0 to 8.5 %
Drying loss: max. 10.0 %
Etherification value( as Drying substance): 0.5 to 0.8
Merck Index (14): 1829
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
PubChem Substance ID: 87565248
RTECS#: FJ5950000
Store Under Inert Gas: Store under inert gas
Viscosity: 500.0 to 900.0 mPa-s(2 %, H2O, 25 deg-C)

Molecular Weight: 262.19 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 158Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Complexity: 173
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Cellulose gum:
Appearance: White to Light yellow to Light orange powder to crystal
Content(Na,Drying substance): 6.0 to 8.5 %
Etherification value( as Drying substance): 0.5 to 0.8
Drying loss: max. 10.0 %
Viscosity: 900 to 1400 mPa-s(1 %, H2O, 25 deg-C)
FooDB Name: Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt

Names of Cellulose gum:

Regulatory process name:
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt

IUPAC names:
2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal acetic acid sodium hydride
acetic acid; 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal; sodium
Carboximethilcelullose
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium
Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt
Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt
Carboxymethylcellulose
carboxymethylcellulose
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt
Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt
Cellulose Gum
Cellulose gum
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt
Na carboxymethyl cellulose
sodium carboxy methyl cellulose
sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
sodium cellulose carboxymethyl ether

Trade name:
Carboximetilcelulosa

Other names:
Carboxy methyl cellulose sodium
Carboxymethyl cellulose
carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt
carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salts
Carboxymethyl ether cellulose sodium salt
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Salt
Carboxymethylcellulose, sodium salt
cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt
Cellulose, Carboxymethyl ether, Sodiu
SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose
Carboxymethylcellulose
carmellose
E466

Other identifier:
9004-32-4
CELLULOSE GUM (CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE)

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), also known as cellulose gum, is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is composed of repeating glucose units linked together by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: Cellulose gum, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, Cellulose carboxymethylate, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethylated cellulose, Cellulose carboxymethylether, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose ether, Carboxymethylated cellulose gum, Cellulose carboxymethylate sodium salt, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose ether, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gum, Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose gum, Carboxymethylcellulose ether sodium salt, Carboxymethyl cellulose ether sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose gum, Carboxymethyl cellulose gum sodium salt, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose gum, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylate, Carboxymethylated cellulose sodium salt, Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium cellulose carboxymethylether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose carboxymethylate, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose gum, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose ether, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose carboxymethylate, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose carboxymethylether, Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt



APPLICATIONS


Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is extensively used in the cosmetics industry to improve the texture and stability of lotions and creams.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is a key ingredient in personal care products such as toothpaste and hair care items.
In industrial applications, CMC is utilized in papermaking as a coating additive and in textile printing pastes as a thickener.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose)'s water-retention properties make it valuable in agricultural formulations for soil stabilization.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is biodegradable and environmentally friendly, making it a preferred choice in many applications.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) can form gels at high concentrations or in the presence of multivalent ions.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning its viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is stable over a wide pH range, making it suitable for a variety of formulations.
The degree of substitution (DS) determines its solubility and rheological properties.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) undergoes rigorous quality control to ensure purity and consistency in manufacturing processes.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is compatible with other additives and ingredients, allowing for versatile formulations.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food and pharmaceutical products.

Its rheological properties can be adjusted to achieve desired flow characteristics in products.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is soluble in cold water, facilitating its incorporation into formulations.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) has excellent film-forming properties, useful in coatings and packaging applications.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose)'s versatility and stability make it a valuable additive in numerous industries.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality, performance, and stability of various products.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is widely used as a thickening agent in food products such as sauces, dressings, and soups.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) enhances the viscosity and texture of dairy products like ice cream and yogurt, preventing ice crystal formation and improving mouthfeel.

In baked goods, CMC helps to retain moisture and improve dough handling properties.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is utilized in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder and disintegrant in tablets and capsules.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) controls the release of active ingredients in oral medications, ensuring proper dosage.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to personal care products such as toothpaste and shampoo to provide viscosity and improve product performance.
In cosmetics, it acts as a thickening agent and stabilizer in creams, lotions, and gels.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is employed in industrial applications such as papermaking, where it improves paper strength and printability.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is used in textile printing pastes to improve color penetration and definition.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) serves as a suspension agent in ceramic glazes, preventing settling and ensuring uniform coverage.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to detergents and cleaning products to enhance viscosity and stabilize formulations.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is utilized in oil drilling fluids to control viscosity and fluid loss, improving drilling efficiency.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) acts as a binder in construction materials such as mortar and grout, improving workability and adhesion.
In the textile industry, CMC is applied as a sizing agent to increase fabric strength and reduce fiber breakage.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to latex paints as a thickener and stabilizer, improving paint flow and leveling.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is used in the production of adhesives and sealants to provide viscosity and improve bonding strength.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is employed in agriculture as a suspension agent for pesticides and fertilizers, improving spray coverage.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) enhances the dispersion of active ingredients and prevents settling in spray solutions.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is used in pet care products such as shampoos and grooming aids for its thickening and emulsifying properties.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to ceramic membranes for water filtration applications, improving separation efficiency.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is utilized in the manufacture of biodegradable films and coatings for packaging purposes.
In the oilfield industry, it is used in hydraulic fracturing fluids to improve fluid loss control.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to artificial tears and eye drops to improve ocular surface hydration and lubrication.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) finds applications in the production of battery electrolytes to enhance viscosity and conductivity.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is a versatile polymer with diverse applications across various industries, contributing to product performance and functionality.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles to improve adhesion and reduce cracking during drying.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) serves as a binder and thickener in pet foods, improving texture and palatability.

In battery electrolytes, CMC enhances viscosity and conductivity, contributing to battery performance.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is employed in water-based paints and coatings as a rheology modifier, controlling flow and leveling.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to petrochemical products as a thickener and suspending agent to improve stability.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is used in the production of detergents and cleaning agents to provide thickening and foam stabilization.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is employed in concrete mixes to improve slump retention and reduce water migration.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) serves as a sizing agent in textile dyeing, aiding in the even application of color.
In the construction industry, it is added to mortar and grout to improve workability and adhesion.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is utilized in personal lubricants to enhance viscosity and lubricity.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) finds applications in the formulation of dietary supplements as a thickener and stabilizer.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to latex paints as a thickener and stabilizer, improving paint performance.
In the textile industry, it is used in fabric finishing to reduce fiber abrasion and improve handle.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) serves as a suspension agent in ceramic membranes for water filtration, enhancing separation efficiency.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is utilized in the production of biodegradable films and coatings for packaging applications.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to hydraulic fracturing fluids in the oilfield industry to improve fluid loss control.
In the pharmaceutical sector, it is used in wound dressings and bandages for its absorbent properties.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is employed in the manufacture of biocompatible medical implants and drug delivery systems.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to drilling muds in oil drilling operations to control viscosity and fluid loss.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is used in the production of artificial tears and eye drops to improve ocular surface hydration.
In the agricultural industry, it is utilized in crop protection products to improve spray coverage.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is added to ceramic glazes to prevent settling of particles and ensure uniform coverage.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) finds applications in the formulation of dietary fiber supplements for gastrointestinal health.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is employed in the manufacture of specialty papers such as cigarette filters and filter papers.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) offers a wide range of applications across industries, contributing to product quality, performance, and functionality.



DESCRIPTION


Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), also known as cellulose gum, is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is composed of repeating glucose units linked together by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is produced through a chemical modification process known as carboxymethylation, in which hydroxyl groups (-OH) on the cellulose molecule are partially replaced by carboxymethyl groups (-CH2COONa).
This substitution reaction is typically carried out using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) or its sodium salt (NaClCH2COO).

The introduction of carboxymethyl groups imparts water solubility and increased functionality to cellulose, making CMC a versatile polymer with a wide range of applications.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is commonly used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is typically supplied as a white to off-white powder or granules and is soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opaque solutions.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning its viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is stable over a wide pH range and has excellent film-forming properties.

Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxic nature, carboxymethylcellulose is considered safe for use in food, pharmaceutical, and personal care products.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) undergoes rigorous quality control to ensure purity and consistency in manufacturing processes.

Carboxymethylcellulose, often referred to as CMC, is a versatile water-soluble polymer.
Derived from cellulose, Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is a natural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is odorless and tasteless.
When dissolved in water, Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) forms clear to slightly opaque solutions.

Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is known for its ability to thicken, stabilize, and emulsify a wide range of products.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is commonly used in food as a thickening agent and stabilizer in products like sauces and dressings.

In pharmaceuticals, Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) serves as a binder and disintegrant in tablet formulations.
Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) is also found in ophthalmic solutions and topical creams due to its mucoadhesive properties.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Typically a white to off-white powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Solubility: Soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opaque solutions.
pH: Typically ranges from 6.0 to 8.5 in a 1% aqueous solution.
Density: Varies depending on the grade and degree of substitution, typically around 0.5 to 0.7 g/cm³.
Molecular Weight: Varies depending on the degree of polymerization and substitution.
Particle Size: Varies depending on the grade and manufacturer, typically ranging from fine powder to granules.
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air, but does not dissolve in it.
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions, but may degrade at high temperatures or extreme pH levels.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: (C6H10O5)n - [C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa]m
Molecular Structure: Linear polymer consisting of repeating glucose units with carboxymethyl groups attached.
Degree of Substitution (DS): The average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit in the cellulose chain, typically ranging from 0.2 to 1.5.
Ionic Character: Anionic polymer due to the presence of carboxymethyl groups, which dissociate in water to form negatively charged carboxylate ions.
Degree of Polymerization (DP): The average number of glucose units in the cellulose chain, which can vary depending on the source and manufacturing process.
Hydrophilicity: Highly hydrophilic due to the presence of numerous hydroxyl groups, making it readily soluble in water.
Rheological Properties: Exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning its viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.
Gel Formation: Can form gels at high concentrations or in the presence of multivalent ions such as calcium.
pH Sensitivity: Stable over a wide pH range, but may undergo degradation at extreme pH values.
Thermal Properties: Decomposes at high temperatures, typically above 200°C, releasing carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Biodegradability: Biodegradable under certain conditions, with degradation rates depending on environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, and microbial activity.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air if they are experiencing respiratory discomfort.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention immediately.
If the person is not breathing, perform artificial respiration and seek emergency medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.
Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation persists or if skin becomes damaged, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be removed and washed before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Flush eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if irritation or pain is mild.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so, but do not delay irrigation to do this.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse mouth with water and drink plenty of water to dilute the material.
Seek medical attention immediately, especially if a large amount of the substance has been ingested.


Notes to Physician:

Treat symptomatically and supportively.
In case of inhalation, administer oxygen and assist ventilation if necessary.
For eye contact, evaluate for corneal injury and treat accordingly.
If ingested, monitor for gastrointestinal symptoms and provide appropriate supportive care.


General Advice:

Ensure that affected individuals are removed from exposure and provided with appropriate medical attention.
Do not administer anything orally to an unconscious person.
In case of fire or explosion, follow appropriate firefighting procedures and evacuation protocols.


Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

When handling CMC, wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or if handling the substance in dusty conditions.


Emergency Procedures:

In case of a spill or release, contain the material and prevent further spread.
Clean up spills promptly using appropriate methods and equipment to minimize exposure.
Dispose of contaminated materials in accordance with local regulations and guidelines.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to prevent skin contact and eye irritation.
Use respiratory protection if handling Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) in dusty conditions or if ventilation is inadequate.

Handling Precautions:
Avoid inhalation of dust or mist by handling Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) in well-ventilated areas.
Minimize skin contact by wearing gloves and other protective clothing.
Use dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or dust suppression techniques to reduce airborne dust levels.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose).
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) and before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Equipment Handling:
Use appropriate handling equipment such as scoops, shovels, or containers with lids to transfer Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) to prevent spills and minimize dust generation.
Ensure that handling equipment is clean and dry to prevent contamination of CMC.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Store Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) away from strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and incompatible materials to prevent reactions or degradation.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range specified by the manufacturer to prevent degradation.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.

Container Compatibility:
Use containers made of compatible materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or glass to store Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose).
Ensure that containers are clean, dry, and free from any residues to prevent contamination of Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose).

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Store Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) away from incompatible materials such as strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reactive chemicals to prevent reactions or contamination.

Segregation Requirements:
Segregate Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) from food, feed, and pharmaceuticals to prevent accidental contamination.

Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities of Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose), use appropriate storage facilities such as warehouses or storage rooms equipped with adequate ventilation and temperature control.

Storage Duration:
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for shelf life and storage duration of Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose).
Rotate stock regularly to ensure that older material is used first and to minimize the risk of degradation or spoilage.

Security Measures:
Store Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) in a secure area to prevent unauthorized access or tampering.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose) with the product name, manufacturer information, date of receipt, and any relevant hazard information.

Emergency Preparedness:
Have appropriate spill control and containment measures in place in case of accidental spills or releases.
Train personnel on proper handling and emergency response procedures for Cellulose gum (carboxymethylcellulose).
CELLULOSE GUM (E466)

Cellulose Gum (E466) is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed), as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, including ice cream.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is also used extensively in gluten-free and reduced-fat food products.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food.

CAS: 9004-32-4
MF: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
MW: 0
EINECS: 618-378-6

Synonyms
9004-32-4, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Celluvisc (TN), Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021, SCHEMBL25311455, C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000), D01544, M.W. 700000(DS=0.9), 2500 - 4500mPa.s

Cellulose Gum (E466) is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic, as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Cellulose Gum (E466), a food additive sourced from the cellulose found in plant cell walls, is widely regarded for its solubility and viscosity.
Cellulose Gum (E466) can be used to enhance various foods (think the better texture of ice cream or stabilize salad dressings), making it essential in our lives as consumers of processed foods.
Cellulose Gum (E466)s advantages over other ingredients make CMC an invaluable asset for countless products on store shelves today.
By altering the cellulose structure through a process involving alkali and monochloroacetic acid, carboxymethyl groups are produced that give Cellulose Gum (E466) its special properties.
Originating from plant cell walls such as wood pulp and cottonseeds, this chemically modified cellulose polymer is able to act effectively as a food additive with characteristics like texture improvement, longer shelf life, and more powerful performance in general for all food additives.
This makes Cellulose Gum (E466) highly suitable for use in various kinds of foods where these unique qualities can be exploited.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is widely used in many kinds of processed foods, from ice cream and sauces to salad dressings and bakery products.

Cellulose Gum (E466) has a remarkable capacity to improve texture, enhance the appearance of food items as well as lengthen their shelf life.
That’s why Cellulose Gum (E466) becomes an ideal choice among cooks and chefs alike.
Cellulose Gum (E466) may surprise you how much CMC goes into making your favorite snacks.
Most popular dishes contain Cellulose Gum (E466).
Thanks to its versatility, Cellulose Gum (E466) can bring out the best taste while keeping food fresh for longer periods at the same time.
The various functions of Cellulose Gum (E466) have a considerable effect on processed food, particularly with respect to texture and shelf life.
In particular, Cellulose Gum (E466) serves as an important thickener, binder, and emulsifying agent for such products.
Besides influencing the feel and look of them in a positive way, Cellulose Gum (E466) also increases their shelf-life span significantly.
In order to comprehend how these effects are achieved by Cellulose Gum (E466) when used in foods, we will look at its individual roles.
Specifically regarding improving textures along with giving the overall appearance appeal plus lengthening lifespan on store shelves or similar storage areas intended for retailing purposes.
Cellulose Gum (E466) comes from the cell walls of plants, such as wood pulp and cottonseeds.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is used to make foods thick and creamy, without adding fat.
If you’re trying to reduce your fat intake or are on a low fat diet, choosing foods made with an additive like Cellulose Gum (E466) may help to make you feel less deprived.
Cellulose Gum (E466) may also help suppress (lower) your appetite.
The fiber in Cellulose Gum (E466) works as a filler in foods, giving it the potential to keep you feeling full.

This is another reason Cellulose Gum (E466) is often found in diet foods.
One drawback is that you may experience loose bowel movements if you eat too many foods high in Cellulose Gum (E466), due to its high fiber content.
Some people even use Cellulose Gum (E466) as a laxative for weight loss.
Cellulose Gum (E466) or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
As a thickening stabilizer, Cellulose Gum (E466) food grade is also be used in the production of various kinds of compound emulsion stabilizer.
For example, the compound of Cellulose Gum (E466), guar gum and carrageenan enables ice cream materials to have relatively high viscosity and to improve the emulsifying capacity of protein.
Cellulose Gum (E466) also makes the tissue structure of ice cream soft, fine and smooth, the taste lubricant, and the texture thick and dente, with relatively good melting resistance.
Cellulose Gum (E466) can control the size of crystals in frozen food, and prevent stratification between oil and water.
In an acid system, Cellulose Gum (E466) have good suspension stability in acid-resistant food, can effectively improve solution stability and impedance capability of protein.
Cellulose Gum (E466) can improve taste and mouthfeel, reduce the syneresis of food, raise quality and prolong shelf life.
Compared with other similar hydrocolloids, Cellulose Gum (E466) is featured by strong acid resistance, high salt-resistance and good transparency, with very few free fibers, fast dissolving and good fluidity after dissolving.
A semisynthetic, water-soluble polymer in which CH2COOH groups are substituted on the glucose units of the cellulose chain through an ether link- age.
Mw ranges from 21,000 to 500,000.
Since the reaction occurs in an alkaline medium, the prod- uct is the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid R-O-CH2COONa.

Cellulose Gum (E466) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
Form: low viscosity
Pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Cellulose Gum (E466) (9004-32-4)

Uses
Cellulose Gum (E466) powder is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extremely low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is used in baking breads and cakes.
The use of Cellulose Gum (E466) gives the loaf an improved quality at a reduced cost, by reducing the need of fat.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is also used as an emulsifier in biscuits.
By dispersing fat uniformly in the dough, Cellulose Gum (E466) improves the release of the dough from the moulds and cutters, achieving well-shaped biscuits without any distorted edges.
Cellulose Gum (E466) can also help to reduce the amount of egg yolk or fat used in making the biscuits.
Use of Cellulose Gum (E466) in candy preparation ensures smooth dispersion in flavor oils, and improves texture and quality.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is used in chewing gums, margarines and peanut butter as an emulsifier.

Cellulose Gum (E466) plays a crucial role in enhancing the shelf life of processed foods.
Cellulose Gum (E466) prevents spoilage, thus allowing manufacturers to offer products that have an extended lifespan before needing to be used.
Not only does this benefit customers by having their food remain fresh for longer periods, but also contributes towards improving sustainability within the industry as it reduces instances of food waste.
Cellulose Gum (E466) plays a role in the appearance of processed foods, giving them an appealing look and texture.
By ensuring uniform consistency, Cellulose Gum (E466) prevents ingredients from separating out, which is essential for products such as salad dressings or sauces to be desirable.
To Cellulose Gum (E466)'s influence on taste perception by enhancing textures, CMC guarantees that food manufacturers produce appetizing-looking dishes too.
Cellulose Gum (E466) is well-known for being a thickener, stabilizer and emulsifier that greatly enhances the texture of processed foods.
Cellulose Gum (E466) contributes to increased viscosity in food products as well as improving their rheological properties, creating a smoother consistency desired by consumers.
This makes it an essential ingredient in many different kinds of dishes from ice cream to sauces enjoyed around the world.

Marshmallows: Cellulose Gum (E466) not only prevents dehydration and shrinkage of the product but also contributes to a more airy structure.
When combined with gelatin, Cellulose Gum (E466) can significantly increase the viscosity of the gelatin.
A high molecular weight Cellulose Gum (E466) (DS around 1.0) should be selected.
Ice cream: Cellulose Gum (E466) has a lower viscosity at higher temperatures, and the viscosity increases upon cooling, which is conducive to the improvement of the expansion rate of the product and facilitates operation.
It is advisable to use Cellulose Gum (E466) with a viscosity of 250~260 mPa·s (DS around 0.6), and the reference dosage should be less than 0.4%.
Fruit juice beverages, soups, sauces, and instant soluble drinks: Due to Cellulose Gum (E466)'s good rheological properties (pseudoplasticity), it delivers a refreshing taste, and its excellent suspension stability ensures uniform flavor and texture throughout the product.
For acidic fruit juices, a Cellulose Gum (E466) with good uniformity in degree of substitution is required.
If Cellulose Gum (E466) is further blended with a certain proportion of other water-soluble gums (such as xanthan gum), the effect can be even better.
A high viscosity CMC (DS0.6~0.8) should be selected.
Instant noodles: The addition of 0.1% Cellulose Gum (E466) helps to control moisture content, reduce oil absorption, and can also enhance the glossiness of the noodles.
Dehydrated vegetables, tofu skin, and dried tofu sticks, and other dehydrated foods: They rehydrate well and easily, and have a good appearance.

It is advisable to use high viscosity Cellulose Gum (E466) (with a degree of substitution around 0.6).
Noodles, bread, and frozen foods: Cellulose Gum (E466) can prevent starch retrogradation and dehydration, and control the viscosity of pastes.
The effect is further improved when used in combination with konjac flour, xanthan gum, certain emulsifiers, and phosphates.
A medium viscosity Cellulose Gum (E466) (DS0.5 to 0.8) should be selected.
Orange juice, pulpy orange, coconut juice, and fruit tea: Because Cellulose Gum (E466) provides excellent suspension and support, it is even better when combined with xanthan gum or agar.
A medium viscosity Cellulose Gum (E466) (DS around 0.6) should be selected.
Soy sauce: The addition of salt-tolerant Cellulose Gum (E466) to adjust its viscosity can make the soy sauce have a delicate and smooth taste.
Vegetarian Burgers: Cellulose Gum (E466) is used to enhance the texture, stability, and shelf life of vegetarian burgers, making them more palatable and easier to handle during cooking and consumption.

Synthesis
Cellulose Gum (E466) is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by Sodium carboxymethyl groups in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alkalinization and etherification.
Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O
Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.
ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O
Cell·O-Na+ +ClCH2COO- →Cell-OCH2COO-Na
The DS of the sodium CMC can be controlled by the reaction conditions and use of organic solvents (such as isopropanol).

Preparation
Cellulose Gum (E466) is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose—e.g. cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into CMC.
Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% CMC and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
This product, called technical CMC, is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure CMC, which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.

Production Methods
Alkali cellulose is prepared by steeping cellulose obtained from wood pulp or cotton fibers in sodium hydroxide solution.
The alkaline cellulose is then reacted with sodium monochloroacetate to produce carboxymethylcellulose sodium. Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate are obtained as by-products of this etherification.
CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC)
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) usually is packaged as a white powder.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as Thickener in Tooth paste.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) prevents separation of ingredients & keeps the paste stable with proper shape.


CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6
MDL number: MFCD00081472
E number: E466 (thickeners, ...)
Molecular Formula: C8H15NaO8



SYNONYMS:
Carboxymethylcellulosesodium salt, 9004-32-4, SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, sodium, 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal, acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Celluvisc (TN), Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021, C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000), D01544, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Na CMC, CMC, cellulose gum, sodium CMC, carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC-Na, cellulose gum, carmellose sodium, b10, carbo, Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose sodium, cmc2, Color Speckles, Cellex, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, unspecified form, Carmellose sodium, Cellulose gum, CMC, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium Salt, 9004-32-4, SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP), Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Celluvisc (TN), Carmellose sodium (JP17), CHEMBL242021, SCHEMBL25311455, C.M.C. (TN), CHEBI:31357, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000), D01544, M.W. 700000(DS=0.9), 2500 - 4500mPa.s, Sodium Cellulose Glycolate, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, CMC-Na, Na–CMC, Sodium CMC, Modified Cellulose, Cellulose Derivatives, Anionic Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Anionic Modified Cellulose, Anionic Cellulose Derivatives, Cellulose Gum, CMC, Carboxymethyl Ethers of Cellulose, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethyl Ether of Cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt , Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt , CMC , Cellulose gum , Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, (C30-H43-O26-Na3)n, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt, cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, cellulose gum, sodium cellulose glycolate, cellulose glycolic acid, sodium salt, Cellogen, Cellpro, Cellufix FF 100, Cellugel, Collowel, Copagel, CMC, Courlose, C.N Cellulose, Daicel, sodium CMC, Polycell, Cellolax, Aquaplast, Tylose, Blanose, Unisol, Carbose 1M, Cehol, Carmethose, Vegetable gum, 466, Cellofas, Finnfix, CCRIS 3653, Cellofas B, Cellofas B5, Cellofas B50, Cellofas B6, Cellofas C, Cellogel C, Cellogen 3H, Cellogen PR, Cellogen WS-C, Cellufresh, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt, Cellulose sodium glycolate, Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, low-substituted, Celluvisc, CM-Cellulose sodium salt, CMC 2, CMC 3M5T, CMC 41A, CMC 4H1, GPR, Finnfix Purified Range, Cellogen BSH-5, 6A, 7A,WS-A,HP-4H, HSSH, Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt , Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt , CMC , Cellulose gum , Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium Salt, Sodium Cellulose Glycolate, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, CMC-Na, Na–CMC, Sodium CMC, Modified Cellulose, Cellulose Derivatives, Anionic Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, Anionic Modified Cellulose, Anionic Cellulose Derivatives, Cellulose Gum, CMC, Carboxymethyl Ethers of Cellulose, Sodium Salt of Carboxymethyl Ether of Cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium salt , Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt , CMC , Cellulose gum , Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose



Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a cellulose gum used in some bubble solutions.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is often called CMC.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) usually is packaged as a white powder.


It has been reported that Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an ingredient in some commercial bubble solutions.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is related to HEC and HPMC (also cellulose gums), but the characteristics that it brings to bubble juice are distinct from what HEC and HPMC, which are distinct from each other, bring.


This synthetically made polymer, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC), is derived from cellulose, which is made water-soluble by undergoing a chemical reaction.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is of astronomical value in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry due to the multifarious benefits it provides when added to various preparations.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an additive used in different industries as a thickener, stabilizer or filler among other applications.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a water-soluble, anionic cellulose derivative.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is light tan to white, odorless, tasteless, free-flowing powder that is fairly hygroscopic.
As the material is derived from natural cellulose, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) exhibits gradual biodegradability and can be incinerated after use, making it a very environmentally friendly material.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the sodium salt of CMC or cellulose gum, an anionic derivative with properties like, odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) appears as white or slightly yellow powder.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as Thickener in Tooth paste.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) prevents separation of ingredients & keeps the paste stable with proper shape.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is produced by reacting Cellulose (found in plant cell walls) with a derivative of acetic acid in an alkaline solution.
Chemically, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is composed of repeating units of glucose molecules with carboxymethyl groups attached to some of the hydroxyl groups on the glucose units.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is known as a popular & fairly safe food additive.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an anionic water soluble polymer; it is derived from cellulose, which is made water soluble by a chemical reaction.


The water solubility of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is achieved by introducing carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) along the cellulose chain, which makes hydration of the molecule possible.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the sodium salt of Carboxymethyl Cellulose, available as white to cream colored powder.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is most common used form of Carboxymethyl Cellulose which is also know as cellulose gum.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely accepted as safe food additive in many countries with E number E466.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also best known as cellulose gum or sodium CMC.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is prepared from cellulose and is obtained by the chemical modification from natural materials such as wood pulp and all plant structures.
Adding Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can improve the shelf life and increase the fiber content in food.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a modified cellulose gum (Thickener is E461).


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) tends to give clear, slightly gummy, solutions.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is generally soluble in cold water and insoluble in hot.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) gives moisture retention to cake mixes and water binding and thickening to icings.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) improves the quality and texture of your cakes, cupcakes, and cookies.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) also improves the strength and reduces dry time when used in gum paste.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) also makes product pure white.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an anionic water soluble polymer; it is derived from cellulose, which is made water soluble by a chemical reaction.


The water solubility is achieved by introducing carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) along the cellulose chain, which makes hydration of the molecule possible.
The chemical name of SCMC is Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC).
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a high viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); the viscosity of a 1% solution in water at 25 °C is 1300-2200 centipoise (cps).


The viscosity of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is both concentration and temperature dependent.
As the temperaure increases, the viscosity decreases.
As the concentration increases, the viscosity increases.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is soluble in aqueous solution.
High viscosity Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is soluble at up to 50 mg/ml concentration but heat may be required.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) dissolves in hot water as well as in cold water Organic solvent pre-dispersing .


Pre-mix of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) with other powder materials can increase dissolving speed Dispersing and dissolving in emulsifying mixer.
Add other salt or acid solution after Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) dissolves.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a non-toxic, odorless white flocculent powder with stable performance and is easily soluble in water.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC)'s aqueous solution is a neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, soluble in other water-soluble glues and resins, and insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a thickening agent that is made by reacting CELLULOSE (wood pulp, cotton lint) with a derivative of acetic acid (the acid in vinegar).
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is not absorbed or digested, so the FDA allows it to be included with “dietary fiber” on food labels.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) isn’t as healthful as fiber that comes from natural foods.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is actually the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is derived from cellulose, which is made water-soluble by a chemical reaction.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is known for its excellent water retaining capacity.
The water-solubility is achieved by introducing carboxymethyl groups along the cellulose chain, which makes hydration of the molecule possible.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) functions as a thickener, binder, stabiliser, protective colloid, suspending agent, gelling agent, and flow control agent.


This makes Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) suitable for use in a variety of industries.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an anionic water-soluble polymer available in number of grades and viscosity types with wide application.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is odourless, tasteless, non-toxic powder.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is highly soluble in both hot & cold water but dissolves faster in hot water than cold water.
The solution of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has better resistant for microbiological attack than many natural products.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a versatile, cost-effective and easy-to-use thickener.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has wide applications, including food, daily chemicals, papermaking, printing and dyeing, oil drilling, etc.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has stable performance.


Especially in beverages, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has such characteristics as preventing precipitation and layering of beverages, improving the taste, and enhancing resistance to high temperatures.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a high viscosity carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); the viscosity of a 1% solution in water at 25 °C is 1300-2200 centipoise (cps).


The viscosity of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is both concentration and temperature dependent.
As the temperaure increases, the viscosity decreases.
As the concentration increases, the viscosity increases.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is soluble in aqueous solution at 25 °C.
High viscosity Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is soluble at up to 50 mg/ml concentration but heat may be required.
The solid of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) should be added to the water.


Stir Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) gently or shake intermittently; do not stir constantly with a magnetic stirring bar.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the most widely used and largest amount of cellulose in the world.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the water-dispersible sodium salt of the carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, which forms a transparent colloidal solution.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a hygroscopic material, capable of absorbing more than 50 per cent of water at high humidity.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also a natural polymer derivative used in detergents, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics and the textile industry.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also a constituent of many non-food products, such as personal lubricants, toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, and various paper products.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used extensively in gluten free and reduced fat food products.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in Pharma for Suspension, Thickening and Stabilizing.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used in Drilling, Paper, Detergents, Food, and Textile Dyeing Printing.


In Pharmaceutical Industry, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used for Suspension, Thickening and Stabilizing.
In Toothpaste manufacturing, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used for Thickening and viscosity Stabilizing agent.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely used in various kinds of Dairy products and condiments and plays a role of stabilization, taste improvement and thickening.


In addition, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used in ice cream, bread, cake, biscuit, instant noodle and fast paste foodstuff for product moulding, taste improvement, anti – fragmentation, water retaining and tenacity strengthening.
In Cosmetics, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in Hair Colour, Henna, Instant tattoo etc.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used in Oil Well Drilling, Paper, Detergents, Paints, and Textile Dyeing & Printing, Ceramics, Mining etc.
In laundry detergents, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a soil suspension polymer designed to deposit onto cotton and other cellulosic fabrics, creating a negatively charged barrier to soils in the wash solution.


In Pharmaceuticals, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used in pharmaceuticals as a thickening agent.
In the oil-drilling industry as an ingredient of drilling mud, where itCellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) acts as a viscosity modifier and water retention agent.


In some countries, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the primary or sole ingredient of wallpaper paste.
So, recipes that call for wallpaper paste are usually making use of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC).
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is mainly used as a stabilizer and thickener, and widely used in milk drinks, yogurt, ice cream, baked goods, syrups.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in ice cream, in order to make water, fat and protein to form a uniform, dispersed and stable mixture, to avoid the appearance of ice crystals, and to have fine and smooth taste, and good formability.
The addition of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) in ice cream can greatly reduce the production cost.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can also be used in oil drilling and personal care products (toothpaste, hair gel, shampoo, lotion and ointment).
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) used in the textile industry can produce paper.


The crude Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in small-scale laundry detergents.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl
cellulose.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in food under the E number E466 or E469 (when it is enzymatically hydrolyzed) as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products including ice cream.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also a constituent of many non-food products, such as toothpaste, laxatives, diet pills, water-based paints, detergents, textile sizing, reusable heat packs, and various paper products.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used primarily because it has high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic as the major source fiber is either softwood pulp or cotton linter.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used extensively in gluten free and reduced fat food products .


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely used in the ice cream industry, to make ice creams without churning or extreme low temperatures, thereby eliminating the need for the conventional churners or salt ice mixes.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in preparing bakery products such as bread and cake aa an emulsifier in high quality biscuits.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
As one common food ingredients, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely used into bakeries, including cakes, muffins and tortillas to improve the texture of the product by increasing moisture retention.


In ice-creams, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) plays an important role as one stabilizer as well as in fruit drinks and concentrate drinks.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a thickening agent in almost all food products.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an efficient food additive and thickener for numerous applications in the food industry.
Moreover, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used to stabilize emulsions in products such as salad dressing to prevent separation.


In addition, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) helps the quality of ice cream and frozen desserts.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used as a binder in meat and seafood products, texture enhancer for bakery products, gluten and fat replacement, and as a weight control ingredient and dietary fiber source.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is usually found as a fine, white to cream-colored powder.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely used in Foods, Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, Textiles, Papers & Corrugated Boards, Detergents, Paints, Oil Well Drillings, Welding Electrodes, Pesticides, Ceramics, Tobacco, Mosquito Repellent Incense, Explosives, Batteries, Pencils, Leathers & other industries.


Common industrial uses of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) include: Bakery, Canned Foods, Salad Dressings, Sauces , Desserts, and Dairy Products.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is commercially prepared from wood and is used as a thickener, stabilizer, anti-clumping agent, dietary fiber and emulsifier in food products.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely used as thickener in food production, especially in gluten free product.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a viscosity modifier and thickener to stabilize emulsions in products like ice cream and dairy products.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is also used to achieve tartrate or cold stability in wine.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is often used as its sodium salt, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Lubricant: Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a variable viscosity personal lubricant; it is the main ingredient in K-Y Jelly.


Artificial tears and saliva: Solutions containing Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) or similar cellulose derivatives are used as substitute for tears or saliva if the natural production of these fluids is disturbed.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used to thicken dry mix beverage, syrups, ripples and ice cream, and also to stabilise ice cream, batters and sour milk.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as stabilizer in foods.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent, tablet excipient, viscosity-increasing agent and in the development of biostructures such as biofilms, emulsions and nanoparticles for drug delivery.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a suspending agent, viscosity modifiers (thickeners) to stabilize emulsions and as a chemical dispersants of oils and other carbon structures such as nanotubes.


High viscosity is used to make a mixture which resembles a cream or lotion.
Food Grade: Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely used as thickener and texture stabilizer in food and beverage industries.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the product with the largest output, the widest range of uses, and the most convenient use among cellulose ethers, commonly known as "industrial monosodium glutamate".


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be used as a binder, thickener, suspending agent, emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer, sizing agent, etc.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in oil and natural gas drilling, well digging and other projects.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in textile, printing and dyeing industry.
The textile industry uses Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) as a sizing agent for light yarn sizing of cotton, silk wool, chemical fiber, blended and other strong materials.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be used as a dirt adsorbent when added to synthetic detergents
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be used as adhesive, plasticizer, suspending agent of glaze, color fixing agent, etc. in the ceramic industry.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in construction to improve water retention and strength.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used improve texture, stabilize foam (beer), prevent fruit from settling, prevent sugar from crystallizing (cake icings), bind water: Ice cream, beer, pie fillings and jellies, cake icings, diet foods.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used automobile, Construction, Woodworking, Fiber & Garment, Industry Thickener.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as stabilizer in foods.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent, tablet excipient, viscosity-increasing agent and in the development of biostructures such as biofilms, emulsions and nanoparticles for drug delivery.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a suspending agent, viscosity modifiers (thickeners) to stabilize emulsions and as a chemical dispersants of oils and other carbon structures such as nanotubes.
High viscosity is used to make a mixture which resembles a cream or lotion.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is widely use in Foods, Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, Textiles, Papers & Corrugated Boards, Detergents, Paints, Oil Well Drillings, Welding Electrodes, Pesticides, Ceramics, Tobacco, Mosquito Repellent Incense, Explosives, Batteries, Pencils, Leathers & other industries.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a good candidate for nanosystems for drug delivery due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and gelling properties.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be used as a technical additive (functional classes: emulsifier, stabiliser, thickener, gelling agent and binder) in premixes and feeds for all animal species without minimum and maximum content limits.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be used as a binder in the preparation of graphene nano-platelet based inks for the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can also be used as a viscosity enhancer in the development of tyrosinase based inks for the formation of electrodes for biosensor applications.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a support material for a variety of cathodes and anodes for microbial fuel cells.
In textile industry, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can work sizing agent for the warp sizing of fabrics.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can improve the best product & increase strength in the process of spinning.


In print paste of rayon fiber, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is the thickening agent as well as the emulsifying agent, so it helps to uniformly mix the dye with high boiling point cleaning solvent with as well as to stabilize the dye suspension and thus to prevent the occurrence of sedimentation and the formation of foam in storage.


Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has good viscosity stability, Good distribution uniformity of DS (degree of substitution), Good fluidity of solution in the color paste system, Higher washable performance in the washing process after printing and dyeing, significantly improved the printing paste type, used for reactive dye printing for cotton fabrics as textile printing thickener, with a good color yield, handle, penetration.


It is often used as its sodium salt, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC).
As suspending agent of printing paste, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is mainly used in printing and dyeing.


-Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) Food Grade Application:
In foods,Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used in food science as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products including ice cream.
As a food additive, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has E number E466.


-Used in paper industry Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be used as paper smoothing agent and sizing agent in paper industry.
Adding 0.1%~0.3% CMC to the pulp can increase the tensile strength of the paper by 40%~50%, increase the crack resistance by 50%, and increase the kneadability by 4~5 times.


-Relevant identified uses
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used synthetic polymer.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used modified cellulose polymers are used in a wide variety of cosmetics as thickeners, suspending agents, film formers, stabilisers, emulsifiers, emollients, binders, or water-retention agents

Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.


-In food applications:
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as a stabiliser, thickener, film former, suspending agent and extender.
Applications of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) include ice cream, dressings, pies, sauces, and puddings.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is available in various viscosities depending on the function it is to serve.


-In non food applications:
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is sold under a variety of trade names and is used as a thickener and emulsifier in various cosmetic products, and also as a treatment of constipation.
Like cellulose, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is not digestible, not toxic, and not allergenic.
Some practitioners are using this for weight loss.


-Treatment of constipation
When eaten, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is not absorbed by the intestines but passes through the digestive tract undisturbed.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) attracts large amounts of water into the colon, producing a softer and bulkier stool.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used to treat constipation, diverticulosis, hemorrhoids and irritable bowel syndrome.

Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) should be taken with sufficient amounts of fluid to prevent dehydration.
Because Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) absorbs water and potentially toxic materials and increases viscosity, it can also be used to treat diarrhea.


-Paper and textile sizing:
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is used as sizing in the production of papers and textiles.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) protects the fibers from absorbing water or oil.



FUNCTIONS & PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) has the following functions and properties:
1) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC)acts as a thickener, binder, stabilizer, suspending agent and flow controlling agent.
2) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) forms fine films that are resistant to oils, greases, and organic solvents.
3) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) dissolves rapidly in cold water.
4) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) acts as a protective colloid reducing water losses.
5) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is suitable for use in food systems.
6) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is physiologically inert.
7) Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an anionic polyelectrolyte.

These properties and functions make Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) suitable for use in a broad range of applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, paper, and other industries.

To serve these diverse industries, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is available in three grades: HIGHLY PURIFIED, PURIFIED & TECHNICAL and in many types based on carboxymethyl substitution, viscosity, purity, particle size, and other parameters.



BENEFITS AND USES OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is utilised for treating dry and red eyes and is used in making artificial teardrops and lens solutions.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) stops your lotions, creams from separating, and controls the thickness and texture of liquids, creams, and gels.

Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) helps to stabilize your formulations and increase their shelf life.
You can find it in eye drops, personal care items, and cosmeceuticals for the numerous benefits it provides.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) increases the thickness of your shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks and gives them a creamy texture.

You can add Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) to your serums to make their consistency less runny and impart more humectant properties to them.



HOW CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC) WORKS:
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) works by enhancing the viscosity of the formulations to which it is added.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) acts as a humectant and prevents dryness and irritation when added to pharmaceutical preparations.



CONCENTRATION AND SOLUBILITY OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
The maximum recommended concentration of use of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is 2% of the formulation.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is soluble in water but is insoluble in oil and ethanol.



HOW TO USE CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Heat the water phase to 60o
Add our pure Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) to it while stirring continuously with a mixer
Add Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) the mixture to the heated oil phase.
Adjust the pH to complete the formulation.



FUNCTIONS & PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) acts as a thickener, binder, stabilizer, suspending agent and flow controlling agent;
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) forms fine films that are resistant to oils, greases, and organic solvents;
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) dissolves rapidly in cold water.

Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) acts as a protective colloid reducing water losses;
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is suitable for use in food systems;
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is physiologically inert;
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is an anionic polyelectrolyte.



CHEMICAL FORMULA OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
[C6H7O2 (OH) x (OCH2COONa) y] n Where n = degree of polymerization, x = 1.50 to 2.80, y = 0.2 to 1.50, x + y = 3.0 y = degree of substitution.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a white to creamish coloured powder consisting of very fine particles, fine granules.

Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is odor less and tasteless.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a hygroscopic powder readily dissolves in water to form colloidal solution.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is insoluble in many organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and acetone and so on.



MANUFACTURE AND TYPES OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is extracted from wood pulp and pure cotton cellulose.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be divided into industrial grade and food grade.
The industrial-grade Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) can be further divided into technical-grade and semi-purified cellulose gum.
And the technical-grade Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) generally has purity less than 80%; the semi-purified cellulose gum has purity ranging from 80% to 95%; the purified cellulose gum has purity more than 99.5%.



WHAT ARE THE OTHER NAMES CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC) IS ALSO KNOWN AS?
Carboxymethyl Cellulose (E466), Carboxymethylcellulose, Emulsifier (E466), Emulsifying & Stabilizing Agent(E-466), Emulsifier (INS 466), Stabilizer 466, Thickener (Cellulose Gum), Vegetable Gum 466, INS 466, E466, Thickener CMC E466.



WHAT PRODUCTS IS CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC) USED IN?
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) functions as a food thickener in beverages, baked goods, dairy products and can also be used to replace other thickeners like guar gum, gelatin or pectin.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is mainly used in ice creams.

But otherwise found in soy milk, dairy products, sauces, toothpastes and is also used in cosmetics and personal care products as a binding and viscosity controlling agent.
Many ‘low fat’ products may contain this in order to give the food a creamier and thick consistency and make Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) more appealing.



WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC)?
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is a modified cellulose, and it is considered a semi-synthetic or modified natural polymer.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is derived from cellulose, a natural component found in the cell walls of plants.

The modification involves chemical processes to introduce carboxymethyl groups, enhancing Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC)'s properties.
So, while the base material is natural (cellulose), the modification process makes Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) a semi-synthetic product.

Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is considered vegan and vegetarian as it is derived from cellulose that is present in plant cell walls and is then commercially prepared from wood pulp by chemically modifying it.
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is often considered the vegan alternative to gelatin.



BENEFITS OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC) IN FOOD:
In food applications, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) serves multiple purposes, including enhancing texture, improving viscosity, preventing ingredient separation, and increasing the shelf-life of products.

In processed meats like sausages and deli meats, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) acts as a binder, improving texture and moisture retention while enhancing slice ability and reducing cooking losses.

In gluten-free products like pasta and baked goods, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) serves as a texturizer, mimicking the elasticity and crumb structure typically found in gluten-containing counterparts.
In low-fat or fat-free spreads and portions of margarine, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) assists in emulsifying fats and water, ensuring smooth consistency without compromising on flavor or mouthfeel.

Its ability to form stable gels and suspensions makes Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) invaluable in the production of baked goods, dairy products, sauces, dressings, and beverages.
Within the confectionery industry, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) finds application in candies and gummies, where it functions as a gelling agent, providing structure and chewiness to the final product.

Furthermore, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) is often preferred over other additives due to its neutral taste, odorless nature, and compatibility with a wide range of food ingredients.
Overall, Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) plays a crucial role in food formulation, contributing to the quality, stability, and sensory attributes of numerous food products.



KEY FEATURES OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
*High purity for food safety and stable binding and liberty to create various texture improvements in formulation.
*Excellent stability in salt, acidic conditions to promote proper binding.
*Wherever sensitivity for salt content, purity availability is above 99.5%.
*Great adhesion to the surface and hence coating and glaze applications in food are served well.
*Excellent water-binding and film-forming combination gives strength to products to sustain shape and moisture migration from food.
*Precise viscosity control from water thin to pasty due to highly controlled viscosity ranges in wide range of selection.
*No degradation during temperature fluctuations to absorb thermal shocks, shear stress etc.



STORAGE AND HANDLING PRECAUTION OF CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
*Storage:
Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) should be Kept in dry, cool, and shaded place with original packaging, avoid moisture, store at room temperature.

*Handling Precaution:
Handling of Cellulose gum (Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or CMC) should only be performed by personnel trained and familiar with handling of organic chemicals.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
Appearance Form: solid
Color: light yellow
Odor: odorless
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: at 10 g/l at 20 °C neutral
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 270 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Relative density: 1,59

Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 250 °C -
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Molecular Weight: 262.19 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 262.06646171 g/mol

Topological Polar Surface Area: 158Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 173
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Boiling Point: 525-528°C
Melting Point: 274°C
pH: 6.0-8.0
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: High
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)

Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
form: low viscosity
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Viscosity: 900 to 1400 mPa-s(1 %, H2O, 25 ℃)
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, SODIUM SALT
SCOGS (Select Committee on GRAS Substances): Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose
EWG's Food Scores: 1

logP: -3.6
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 11.8
pKa (Strongest Basic): -3
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 6
Hydrogen Donor Count: 5
Polar Surface Area: 118.22 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 37.35 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 16.07 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No

Chemical Formula: C8H15NaO8
IUPAC name: sodium 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal acetate
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C6H12O6.C2H4O2.Na/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8;1-2(3)4;/h1,3-6,8-12H,2H2;1H3,(H,3,4);/q;;+1/p-1
InChI Key: QMGYPNKICQJHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Isomeric SMILES: [Na+].CC([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O
Average Molecular Weight: 262.1897
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 262.066462131
Appearance: white to pale yellow powder (est)
Assay: 99.50 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 525.00 to 528.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 548.00 °F. TCC (286.67 °C.)
Soluble in: water
Insoluble in: alcohol


Other Names: CMC, Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose
CAS No.: 9004-32-4
Classification: Biochemical & Chemical
Grade Standard: Food Grade, Industrial Grade, Medicine Grade
Purity: 55% to 99.5%
Appearance: White Powder
Formula: [C₆H₇O₂(OH)x(OCH₂COONa)y]n
Melting Point: >300 °C
Storage Temperature: Ambient
MDL Number: MFCD00081472
CAS Number: 9004-32-4
Appearance: White to light yellow Granular Powder
Infrared Spectrum: Conforms

Assay: ≥99.5%
Loss on Drying: ≤10% (As packed) (3 to 5 g, 105°C, 2 h)
Heavy Metals: ≤20 ppm
Degree of Substitution: 0.65 to 0.90
Viscosity: 50 to 100 mPa.s (2% at 25°C) (Brookfield)
pH: 6.5 to 8 (1% solution)
Sodium Chloride (NaCl): ≤0.25%
Arsenic (As): ≤3 ppm
Cadmium (Cd): ≤1 ppm
Lead (Pb): ≤10 ppm
Mercury (Hg): ≤1 ppm
Impurity: ≤0.4% (Sodium Glycolate)



FIRST AID MEASURES of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
-Description of first-aid measures
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry. Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P1
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CELLULOSE GUM (SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE OR CMC):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


CENTELLA ASIATICA (GOTU KOLA) EXTRACT
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is the whole plant of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. of Umbelliferae, and commercial extracts are usually standardized to contain 9% asiatic acid.
Standard extract specifications of Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract: asiatic acid 29%-30%, madecassoside 40%, madecassoic acid 29%-30%, madecassoside 1%-2%.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract belongs to the plant family apiaceae (umbelliferae) is an important plant with wide range of traditional, medicinal and therapeutic values.

CAS: 84696-21-9
EINECS: 283-640-5

Synonyms
hydrocotyle asiatica extract;Powdered Centella Asiatica Extract (1 g);asiatic pennywort herb extract;Hydrocotyle asiatica, ext.;Centella Asiatia;Gotu Kola Herb Extract;Einecs 283-640-5;Unii-7m867G6T1u

Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is a hydrocotyl extract of the Apiaceae plant Centella Asiatica L.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract due to its active compounds like pentacyclic triterpenoids has many beneficial effects like anti-photoaging, healing of wounds and burns, cleansing, skin conditioning, etc.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract's stalks and leaves are macerated in water and propylene glycol for several days to create Centella Asiatica Extract.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is then drained, compressed, and sterilized before being filtered.
Another source claims that the dried raw material (Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract) is extracted using either ethanol or a solution of 80% propylene glycol.
Following extraction, filtration, sedimentation, filtration, and packaging are performed on the propylene glycol extract.
Following extraction for the ethanol extract, filtration, concentration, sedimentation, filtration, and packaging are performed.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is obtained from the leaves of the Gotu Kola plant (Centella Asiatica) dissolved in a base of glycerin and water.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract contains pentacyclic triterpenoids, including asiaticoside, brahmoside, asiatic acid, and brahmic acid (madecassic acid) and is used in products for irritated and sensitive skin.
Supplies skin and hair with natural triterpenoids (steroid precursor).
Especially suitable for the sensitive and irritated skin.

Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract Chemical Properties
Density: 0.932[at 20℃]
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Water Solubility: 19.68g/L at 90℃
LogP: -0.333

Uses
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract can be used to treat gastric ulcer, hypertension, skin diseases such as intractable wounds, skin tuberculosis, leprosy, etc.
Clinically, Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is mainly used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis, flow bacterium carriers, hepatitis B, mumps, acute jaundice hepatitis, gastrointestinal mold, various fever, poisoning, nephritis, uremia and other diseases.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract can be used in cosmetics, food and health care fields.
In the field of cosmetics, Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract can be used as an ingredient in skin care products, acne removal, anti-aging, and beauty care.
In the food field, Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract can be eaten raw or consumed as herbal tea.
In the health care field, the whole herb of Centella asiatica is used as an ingredient in health care products.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract has the effects of clearing heat, preventing dampness, detoxifying, and reducing swelling.

Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is used in skin care as the following: due to its constituent, madecassoside, a known inducer of collagen expression, it is a potent anti-photoaging agent.
Cosmetics containing Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract-derived ingredients may be applied to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, incidentally.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract may be found in products that are applied as frequently as several times daily and may remain in contact with the skin or hair for varying lengths of time after use.
Use on a regular basis or occasionally can last for years.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is used at concentrations up to 0.5% in leave-on products (for face).

Benefits
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract is an effective ingredient not only in antiaging cosmetics but also for improving skin hydration.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract contains a variety of triterpene components, of which the main active components are Asiatic Acid and Asiaticoside.
Centella asiatica (gotu kola) extract has functions of antioxidant, remove dead spots and lipid layers, promote skin metabolism, increase skin elasticity and smooth and replenish nutrients.
CERAPHYL 31 ESTER
Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, C12-15-alkyl esters; C12-15 ALKYL LACTATE;C12-13 ALKYL LACTATE;Di C12-13 Alkyl Lactate;2-Hydroxypropanoic acid C12-15-alkyl esters;Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, C12-15-alkyl esters CAS NO:93925-36-1
CERAPHYL 41
CERESIN N° CAS : 8001-75-0 Nom INCI : CERESIN N° EINECS/ELINCS : 232-290-1 Classification : Huile Minérale Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface Agent fixant : Permet la cohésion de différents ingrédients cosmétiques Stabilisateur d'émulsion : Favorise le processus d'émulsification et améliore la stabilité et la durée de conservation de l'émulsion Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance Opacifiant : Réduit la transparence ou la translucidité des cosmétiques Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
CERASYNT SD
Cerasynt SD Cerasynt SD is composed of primary and auxiliary emulsifiers for a wide variety of personal care formulas. It is supplied as cream flakes. Cerasynt SD is an emulsifier for a wide variety of personal care applications. Product: Cerasynt Stearates Industries: Personal Care Form: White to off-white flakes Use level: 0.25 - 3.0% Features & Benefits Nonionic auxiliary emulsifier Emulsion stabilizer Biodegradable 100% Natural Vegan suitable Applications Ideal for styling creams/lotions, conditioners, body care, facial care, sun care Related Applications Personal Care Cosmetics Hair Care Skin Care Sun Care Related Benefits Personal Care Natural Vegan Suitable Related Functions Personal Care Emulsifiers Glyceryl Stearate. Cerasynt SD ester acts as an emulsion stabilizer and non-ionic auxiliary emulsifier. Cerasynt SD ester is suggested for use in creams and lotions, conditioners and styling creams/lotions, body care, face and body washes, facial care, after-sun, self-tanning, and sunscreen applications. The Cerasynt esters range provides a variety of emulsifiers to meet formulation requirements. PROPERTIES Auxiliary emulsifiers. APPLICATIONS A wide variety of personal care formulas. Cerasynt SD is a premium quality nonionic stabilizer and emulsifier. Manufactured using the highest quality raw materials for batch-to-batch reproducibility. What Is Cerasynt SD? Cerasynt SD and Cerasynt SD SE are esterification products of glycerin and stearic acid. Cerasynt SD is a white or cream-colored wax-like solid. Cerasynt SD is a "Self-Emulsifying" form of Cerasynt SD that also contains a small amount of sodium and or potassium stearate. In cosmetics and personal care products, Cerasynt SD is widely used and can be found in lotions, creams, powders, skin cleansing products, makeup bases and foundations, mascara, eye shadow, eyeliner, hair conditioners and rinses, and suntan and sunscreen products. Why is Cerasynt SD used in cosmetics and personal care products? Cerasynt SD acts as a lubricant on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. It also slows the loss of water from the skin by forming a barrier on the skin's surface. Cerasynt SD, and Cerasynt SD SE help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. Scientific Facts: Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is made by reacting glycerin with stearic acid, a fatty acid obtained from animal and vegetable fats and oils. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE is produced by reacting an excess of stearic acid with glycerin. The excess stearic acid is then reacted with potassium and/or sodium hydroxide yielding a product that contains Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) as well as potassium stearate and/or sodium stearate. What Is Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is esterification products of glycerin and stearic acid. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is a white or cream-colored wax-like solid. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE is a "Self-Emulsifying" form of Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) that also contains a small amount of sodium and or potassium stearate. In cosmetics and personal care products, Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is widely used and can be found in lotions, creams, powders, skin cleansing products, makeup bases and foundations, mascara, eye shadow, eyeliner, hair conditioners and rinses, and suntan and sunscreen products. Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products? Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) acts as a lubricant on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. It also slows the loss of water from the skin by forming a barrier on the skin's surface. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), and Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is derived from palm kernel, vegetable or soy oil and is also found naturally in the human body. It acts as a lubricant on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. It easily penetrates the skin and slows the loss of water from the skin by forming a barrier on the skin's surface. It has been shown to protect skin from free-radical damage as well. Functions of Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is derived from palm kernel, vegetable or soy oil and is also found naturally in the human body. It acts as a lubricant on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance (Source). It easily penetrates the skin and slows the loss of water from the skin by forming a barrier on the skin's surface. It has been shown to protect skin from free-radical damage as well. Chemically, Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is used to stabilize products, decrease water evaporation, make products freeze-resistant, and keep them from forming surface crusts. Description: Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE (self-emulsifying as it contains a small amount 3-6% of potassium stearate) is the monoester of glycerin and stearic acid. Vegetable origin. It is an emulsifier with a HLB value of 5.8 and thus useful for making water-in-oil emulsions. It can also be used as a co-emulsifier and thickener for oil- in-water formulations. Off-white flakes, bland odor. Soluble in oil. CAS: 123-94-4 INCI Name: Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) Properties: Emulsifies water and oil phase, acts as stabilizer and thickener in o/w formulations, widely used in a variety of different cosmetic formulations. Use: Add to oil/emulsifier phase of formulas, melts at 55°C/130°F. Use level: 1-10%. For external use only. Applications: Moisturizing creams, lotions, ointments, antiperspirant, hair care and sunscreen. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) (GMS) is one of the most commonly used ingredients in personal care formulations. But it's a material that is not well understood by most formulators. GMS (EU) is normally used as a low-HLB thickening agent in lamellar gel (EU) network (LGN)-based oil-in-water emulsions, often combined with fatty alcohols. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), also known as Glyceryl MonoStearate, or GMS, is EcoCert certified. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is the natural glyceryl ester from stearic acid (glycerin and stearic acid) which offers skin conditioning, moisturization and hydration due to the glycerin component. Functions as a non-ionic opacifier, thickener, and formulation stabilizer, where it also imparts a softer, smoother, feel to your emulsions. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is one of the best choices, for thickening and stabilizing, to use in combination with the lactylates, where it also functions as an emollient, and gives the emulsion more smoothness. SPECIFICATIONS Off White Flake / Granule Characteristic Odor Oil Soluble Store Tightly Closed, Protected from Heat 24 Month Shelf when Properly Handled, and Stored GUIDELINES Add to Oil Phase 2.0 to 5.0% Cerasynt SD is the end result of reaction between glycerin and stearic acid. We all know what glycerin is and does (generally vegetable based humectant), and stearic acid is a fatty acid compound extracted from a variety of vegetable, animal, and oil sources such as palm kernel and soy. The end result of the reaction with glycerin and stearic acid is a cream-colored, waxy like substance. Details A super common, waxy, white, solid stuff that helps water and oil to mix together, gives body to creams and leaves the skin feeling soft and smooth. Chemically speaking, it is the attachment of a glycerin molecule to the fatty acid called stearic acid. It can be produced from most vegetable oils (in oils three fatty acid molecules are attached to glycerin instead of just one like here) in a pretty simple, "green" process that is similar to soap making. It's readily biodegradable. NAMELY Glycerol stearate is used as a non-ionic emulsifier or emollient in cosmetic products. It is widely used in moisturizers and is also found in hair care products for its antistatic properties. It can be derived from palm, olive or rapeseed oil... It is authorized in bio. Its functions (INCI) Emollient : Softens and softens the skin Emulsifying : Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil) This ingredient is present in 11.81% of cosmetics. Hand cream (46.51%) Moisturizing cream box (46.15%) Anti-aging night face cream (45.88%) Anti-aging hand cream (43.75%) Mascara (42.73%) Cerasynt SD Cerasynt SD is the natural glyceryl ester of glycerin and stearic acid. It offers excellent hydration and moisturization. It acts as a non-ionic opacifier, thickener, emollient and formulation stabilizer. It is used in skin care and body care applications. Cerasynt SD is classified as : Emollient Emulsifying CAS Number 31566-31-1 EINECS/ELINCS No: 250-705-4 COSING REF No: 34103 INN Name: glyceryl monostearate PHARMACEUTICAL EUROPEAN NAME: glyceroli monostearas Chem/IUPAC Name: Glyceryl MonoStearate Cerasynt SD Learn all about Cerasynt SD, including how it's made, and why Puracy uses Cerasynt SD in our products. Derived from: coconut Pronunciation: (\ˈglis-rəl\ \stē-ə-ˌrāt\) Type: Naturally-derived Other names: monostearate What Is Cerasynt SD? Cerasynt SD, also called glyceryl monostearate, is a white or pale yellow waxy substance derived from palm kernel, olives, or coconuts. What Does Cerasynt SD Do in Our products? Cerasynt SD is an emollient that keeps products blended together; it can also be a surfactant, emulsifier, and thickener in food — often it’s used as a dough conditioner and to keep things from going stale.[1] In our products, however, Cerasynt SD is used for its most common purpose — to bind moisture to the skin. For this reason, it is a common ingredient in thousands of cosmetic products, including lotions, makeup, skin cleansers, and other items. Why Puracy Uses Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) We use Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) in several of our products as a moisturizer; it also forms a barrier on the skin and prevents products from feeling greasy. As an emulsifier, it also allows products to stay blended.[5] Several studies and clinical tests find that Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) causes little or no skin or eye irritation and is not a danger in formulations that might be inhaled.[6,7,8] In addition, a number of clinical trials have found that Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) in moisturizers can lessen symptoms and signs of atopic dermatitis, including pruritus, erythema, fissuring, and lichenification.[9] In 1982 and again in 2015, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review deemed the ingredient safe for use in cosmetics.[10] Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care quality standards.[11] How Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) Is Made Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is formed through a reaction of glycerin with stearic acid, which is a fatty acid that comes from animal and vegetable fats and oils. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE, the self-emulsifying form of the substance, is made by reacting an excess of stearic acid with glycerin. The excess stearic acid is then reacted with potassium and/or sodium hydroxide. That produces a substance that contains Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), potassium stearate, and/or sodium stearate Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) (GMS) is one of the most commonly used ingredients in personal care formulations. But it’s a material that is not well understood by most formulators. GMS (EU) is normally used as a low-HLB thickening agent in lamellar gel (EU) network (LGN)-based oil-in-water emulsions, often combined with fatty alcohols. LGN-based emulsions containing thickening polymers are the most common type of oil-in-water formulations sold globally. Most GMS used in personal care products should actually be called glyceryl distearate (EU), since many common grades only contain around 40% alpha monostearate (EU), 5% glyceryl tristearate (EU), and 50% glyceryl distearate. There are also grades commercially available that contain 30%, 60%, and 90% GMS. The 90% alpha mono grades can only be produced by molecular distillation and are widely used in the food industry. Functionally, there is a big difference in performance if you use a 90% versus 40% mono. A 90% mono has a higher melting point (69°C versus 58-63°C), lighter skin feel, and a higher HLB (EU) (~4-5, versus ~3). The higher HLB of the 90% mono enables you to form LGNs much easier with lower emulsifier levels and energy than when using cetyl (EU)/stearyl alcohol (EU). There are also self-emulsifying (SE) grades of GMS available, which are typically combined with PEG 100 stearate (EU), potassium stearate (EU), or sodium lauryl sulfate (EU). Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), commonly known as GMS, is a monoglyceride commonly used as an emulsifier in foods.[3] It takes the form of a white, odorless, and sweet-tasting flaky powder that is hygroscopic. Chemically it is the glycerol ester of stearic acid. Structure, synthesis, and occurrence Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) exists as three stereoisomers, the enantiomeric pair of 1-Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) and 2-Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate). Typically these are encountered as a mixture as many of their properties are similar. Commercial material used in foods is produced industrially by a glycerolysis reaction between triglycerides (from either vegetable or animal fats) and glycerol. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) occurs naturally in the body as a product of the breakdown of fats by pancreatic lipase. It is present at very low levels in certain seed oils. Uses Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is a food additive used as a thickening, emulsifying, anticaking, and preservative agent; an emulsifying agent for oils, waxes, and solvents; a protective coating for hygroscopic powders; a solidifier and control release agent in pharmaceuticals; and a resin lubricant. It is also used in cosmetics and hair-care products.[5] Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is largely used in baking preparations to add "body" to the food. It is somewhat responsible for giving ice cream and whipped cream their smooth texture. It is sometimes used as an antistaling agent in bread. What Is It? Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) and Glyceryl Stearate SE are esterification products of glycerin and stearic acid. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is a white or cream-colored wax-like solid. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE is a "Self-Emulsifying" form of Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) that also contains a small amount of sodium and or potassium stearate. In cosmetics and personal care products, Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is widely used and can be found in lotions, creams, powders, skin cleansing products, makeup bases and foundations, mascara, eye shadow, eyeliner, hair conditioners and rinses, and suntan and sunscreen products. Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products? Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) acts as a lubricant on the skin's surface, which gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance. It also slows the loss of water from the skin by forming a barrier on the skin's surface. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), and Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. Scientific Facts: Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is made by reacting glycerin with stearic acid, a fatty acid obtained from animal and vegetable fats and oils. Glyceryl Stearate SE is produced by reacting an excess of stearic acid with glycerin. The excess stearic acid is then reacted with potassium and/or sodium hydroxide yielding a product that contains Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) as well as potassium stearate and/or sodium stearate. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is the natural glyceryl ester of glycerin and stearic acid. It offers excellent hydration and moisturization. It acts as a non-ionic opacifier, thickener, emollient and formulation stabilizer. It is used in skin care and body care applications. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is classified as : Emollient Emulsifying Learn all about Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), including how it's made, and why Puracy uses Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) in our products. Derived from: coconut Pronunciation: (\ˈglis-rəl\ \stē-ə-ˌrāt\) Type: Naturally-derived Other names: monostearate What Is Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate)? Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), also called glyceryl monostearate, is a white or pale yellow waxy substance derived from palm kernel, olives, or coconuts. What Does Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) Do in Our products? Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is an emollient that keeps products blended together; it can also be a surfactant, emulsifier, and thickener in food — often it’s used as a dough conditioner and to keep things from going stale.[1] In our products, however, Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is used for its most common purpose — to bind moisture to the skin. For this reason, it is a common ingredient in thousands of cosmetic products, including lotions, makeup, skin cleansers, and other items.[2,3] Why Puracy Uses Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) We use Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) in several of our products as a moisturizer; it also forms a barrier on the skin and prevents products from feeling greasy. As an emulsifier, it also allows products to stay blended.[5] Several studies and clinical tests find that Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) causes little or no skin or eye irritation and is not a danger in formulations that might be inhaled.[6,7,8] In addition, a number of clinical trials have found that Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) in moisturizers can lessen symptoms and signs of atopic dermatitis, including pruritus, erythema, fissuring, and lichenification.[9] In 1982 and again in 2015, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review deemed the ingredient safe for use in cosmetics.[10] Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care quality standards.[11] How Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) Is Made Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) is formed through a reaction of glycerin with stearic acid, which is a fatty acid that comes from animal and vegetable fats and oils. Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) SE, the self-emulsifying form of the substance, is made by reacting an excess of stearic acid with glycerin. The excess stearic acid is then reacted with potassium and/or sodium hydroxide. That produces a substance that contains Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate), potassium stearate, and/or sodium stearate. Glyceryl stearate (Cerasynt SD) is one of the most commonly used ingredients in personal care formulations. But it’s a material that is not well understood by most formulators. Cerasynt SD (EU) is normally used as a low-HLB thickening agent in lamellar gel (EU) network (LGN)-based oil-in-water emulsions, often combined with fatty alcohols. LGN-based emulsions containing thickening polymers are the most common type of oil-in-water formulations sold globally. Most Cerasynt SD used in personal care products should actually be called glyceryl distearate (EU), since many common grades only contain around 40% alpha monostearate (EU), 5% glyceryl tristearate (EU), and 50% glyceryl distearate. There are also grades commercially available that contain 30%, 60%, and 90% Cerasynt SD. The 90% alpha mono grades can only be produced by molecular distillation and are widely used in the food industry. Functionally, there is a big difference in performance if you use a 90% versus 40% mono. A 90% mono has a higher melting point (69°C versus 58-63°C), lighter skin feel, and a higher HLB (EU) (~4-5, versus ~3). The higher HLB of the 90% mono enables you to form LGNs much easier with lower emulsifier levels and energy than when using cetyl (EU)/stearyl alcohol (EU). There are also self-emulsifying (SE) grades of Cerasynt SD available, which are typically combined with PEG 100 stearate (EU), potassium stearate (EU), or sodium lauryl sulfate (EU). Cerasynt SD Cerasynt SD is created by the esterification of glycerin and stearic acid. Cerasynt SD creates an excellent emulsion and when used in combination with other emulsifiers, creates a stable lotion. Characteristics An interesting characteristic of Cerasynt SD is the ability to make the oils which are combined in the emulsion non greasy, so for example Sunflower can be combined, without adding greasiness to the final product, allowing creams and lotions to be produced which carry the properties of the oil without the greasiness. Cerasynt SD can be used to pearlise shower gel, shampoo and hand wash if added in combination with glycerine. How to use Heat the Cerasynt SD to 60c - 70c within the oil stage of your formulations. Ensure the Cerasynt SD is fully dissolved into your oil stage (use agitation if required) in order to minimise the risk of graininess in your final formulation. Precautions At pure usage levels it can cause irritation to the skin. When blending always take the following precautions: Use gloves (disposable are ideal) Take care when handling hot oils Wear eye protection Work in a well ventilated room Keep ingredients and hot oils away from children If ingested, seek immediate medical advice If contact made with eyes, rinse immediately with clean warm water and seek medical advice if in any doubt. Safety First In addition to our precautions and general safety information, we always recommend keeping a first aid kit nearby. You are working with hot water and oils, accidents can happen, so always be prepared! Is Cerasynt SD Safe? Toxicity The safety of PEG compounds has been called into question in recent years. The questioning of the safety of this ingredient is due to toxicity concerns that result from impurities found in PEG compounds. The impurities of concern are ethylene oxide and 1,4 dioxane, both are by-products of the manufacturing process. Both 1,4 dioxane and ethylene oxide have been suggested to be linked with breast and uterine cancers. While these impurities may have been a concern previously, ingredient manufacturers and improved processes have eliminated the risk of impurities in the final product. The level of impurities that were found initially in PEG manufacturing was low in comparison to the levels proposed to be linked to cancers. Longitudinal studies or studies over a long period of use of PEG compounds have not found any significant toxicity or any significant impact on reproductive health. When applied topically, Cerasynt SD is not believed to pose significant dangers to human health. It doesn’t penetrate deeply into the skin and isn’t thought to have bioaccumulation concerns when used topically. Irritation Through research, PEG compounds have exhibited evidence that they are non-irritating ingredients to the eyes or the skin. This research used highly concentrated forms of the ingredient, concentrations that would not be found in your skincare products. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel found PEG compounds to be non-photosensitizing and non-irritating at concentrations up to 100%. However, despite the evidence suggesting that PEG compounds are non-irritating, some research has indicated that irritation can occur when the skin is broken or already irritated. In a study that was trialing the use of PEG containing antimicrobial cream on burn patients, some patients experienced kidney toxicity. The concentration of PEG compounds was identified to be the culprit. Given that there was no evidence of toxicity in any study of PEGs and intact skin, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel amended their safety guidelines to exclude the use of PEG containing products on broken or damaged skin. Is Cerasynt SD Vegan? Depending on the source of the stearic acid used to make Cerasynt SD, it may be vegan. Most of the time, stearic acid is derived from plants. However, it can also be derived from animal origin. If it is of animal origin, the product has to comply with animal by-product regulation. Check with the brand you are thinking of using to determine whether their Cerasynt SD is derived from a plant or animal source. Why Is Cerasynt SD Used? Emulsifier Cerasynt SD is included in skincare and beauty products for a variety of reasons, ranging from making the skin softer to helping product formulations better keep their original consistency. As an emollient, Cerasynt SD is included within skincare product formulations to give the skin a softer feel. It achieves this through strengthening the skin’s moisture barrier by forming a thin fatty layer on the skin’s surface, which prevents moisture loss and increases overall hydration. This moisturizing effect increases the hydration of skin cells, which in turn makes the skin softer and boosts skin health. Texture Another use for Cerasynt SD has to do with its emulsification properties. Emulsifiers are valued in the skincare and personal care industries because of their ability to mix water and oils. Without this ability, the oils in many formulations would begin to separate from the water molecules, thus undermining product texture and consistency. Cerasynt SD is also used to help to cleanse through mixing oil and dirt so that it can be rinsed away. Surfactant Lastly, Cerasynt SD can also act as a surfactant, when used in body and facial cleansers. Surfactants disrupt surface tension, helping to mix water and oil. This characteristic helps the ingredient cleanse the skin by mixing oil with water, lifting dirt trapped inside the skin’s oils, and rinsing it away from the skin. What Types of Products Contain Cerasynt SD? There are many products in the skin and personal care industry that are formulated with Cerasynt SD because of its benefits to formulations and its relative safety. Facial cleansers, shampoos, lotions, and face creams have all been known to contain this ingredient. If you’ve had problems with this ingredient before, or if your doctor has advised you to stay away from Cerasynt SD, it’s vital to read ingredient labels for any personal care product as it has many applications. What are PEGs? You have probably noticed that many of cosmetics and personal care products you use have different types of PEGs among ingredients. PEG, which is the abbreviation of polyethylene glycol, is not a definitive chemical entity in itself, but rather a mixture of compounds, of polymers that have been bonded together. Polyethylene is the most common form of plastic, and when combined with glycol, it becomes a thick and sticky liquid. PEGs are almost often followed by a number, for example PEG-6, PEG-8, PEG 100 and so on. This number represents the approximate molecular weight of that compound. Typically, cosmetics use PEGs with smaller molecular weights. The lower the molecular weight, the easier it is for the compound to penetrate the skin. Often, PEGs are connected to another molecule. You might see, for example, Cerasynt SD as an ingredient. This means that the polyethylene glycol polymer with an approximate molecular weight of 100 is attached chemically to stearic acid. In cosmetics, PEGs function in three ways: as emollients (which help soften and lubricate the skin), as emulsifiers (which help water-based and oil-based ingredients mix properly), and as vehicles that help deliver other ingredients deeper into the skin. What effect do Cerasynt SD have on your skin? Polyethylene glycol compounds have not received a lot of attention from consumer groups but they should. The most important thing to know about PEGs is that they have a penetration enhancing effect, the magnitude of which is dependent upon a variety of variables. These include: both the structure and molecular weight of the PEG, other chemical constituents in the formula, and, most importantly, the overall health of the skin. PEGs of all sizes may penetrate through injured skin with compromised barrier function. So it is very important to avoid products with PEGs if your skin is not in best condition. Skin penetration enhancing effects have been shown with PEG-2 and PEG-9 stearate. This penetration enhancing effect is important for three reasons: 1) If your skin care product contains a bunch of other undesirable ingredients, PEGs will make it easier for them to get down deep into your skin. 2) By altering the surface tension of the skin, PEGs may upset the natural moisture balance. 3) Cerasynt SD are not always pure, but often come contaminated with a host of toxic impurities. Impurities and other Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) risks According to a report in the International Journal of Toxicology by the cosmetic industry’s own Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) committee, impurities found in various PEG compounds include ethylene oxide; 1,4-dioxane; polycyclic aromatic compounds; and heavy metals such as lead, iron, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, and arsenic. Many of these impurities are linked to cancer. PEG compounds often contain small amounts of ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide (found in PEG-4, PEG-7, PEG4-dilaurate, and PEG 100) is highly toxic — even in small doses — and was used in World War I nerve gas. Exposure to ethylene glycol during its production, processing and clinical use has been linked to increased incidents of leukemia as well as several types of cancer. Finally, there is 1,4-dioxane (found in PEG-6, PEG-8, PEG-32, PEG-75, PEG-150, PEG-14M, and PEG-20M), which, on top of being a known carcinogen, may also combine with atmospheric oxygen to form explosive peroxides — not exactly something you want going on your skin. Even though responsible manufacturers do make efforts to remove these impurities (1,4-dioxane that can be removed from cosmetics through vacuum stripping during processing without an unreasonable increase in raw material cost), the cosmetic and personal care product industry has shown little interest in doing so. Surprisingly, PEG compounds are also used by natural cosmetics companies. If you find Cerasynt SD (glyceryl monostearate) in your cosmetics… Although you might find conflicting information online regarding Polyethylene Glycol, PEGs family and their chemical relatives, it is something to pay attention to when choosing cosmetic and personal care products. If you have sensitive or damaged skin it might be a good idea to avoid products containing PEGs. Using CosmEthics app you can easy add PEGs to personal alerts. In our last blog post we wrote about vegan ingredients. Natural glycols are a good alternative to PEGs, for example natural vegetable glycerin can be used as both moisturiser and emulsifier. CosmEthics vegan list can help you find products that use vegetable glycerin as wetting agent. At present, there is not enough information shown on product labels to enable you to determine whether PEG compounds are contaminated. But if you must buy a product containing PEGs just make sure that your PEGs are coming from a respected brand. Glyceryl stearate and Cerasynt SD is a combination of two emulsifying ingredients. The stabilising effect of both means that the product remains blended and will not separate. Description Glyceryl stearate is a solid and waxy compound. It is made by reacting glycerine (a soap by-product) with stearic acid (a naturally occurring, vegetable fatty acid). Cerasynt SD is an off-white, solid ester of polyethylene glycol (a binder and a softener) and stearic acid.
CERATAN MT 9120
CERATAN MT 9120 exhibits high melting point, improved gloss & slip, easy dispersibility and hydrophobicity.
CERATAN MT 9120, acts as a scratch resistance and antiblocking agent.
CERATAN MT 9120 shows narrow & uniform particle size distribution.

CAS Number: 8002-74-2
Molecular Formula: C21H27NO3
Molecular Weight: 341.44398
EINECS No: 232-315-6

CERATAN MT 9120 also recommened for powder-, can-, coil-, automotive-, industrial-, furniture- and parquet coatings.
Shelf life of CERATAN MT 9120 is 24 months below 35°C.

CERATAN MT 9120 is mostly found as a white, odorless, tasteless, waxy solid, with a typical melting point between about 46 and 68 °C (115 and 154 °F), and a density of around 900 kg/m3.
It is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, benzene, and certain esters.
CERATAN MT 9120 is unaffected by most common chemical reagents but burns readily.

CERATAN MT 9120 (or petroleum wax) is a soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal, or oil shale that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between 20 and 40 carbon atoms.
It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 37 °C (99 °F),[2] and its boiling point is above 370 °C (698 °F).

Common applications for CERATAN MT 9120 include lubrication, electrical insulation, and candles; dyed CERATAN MT 9120 can be made into crayons.
It is distinct from kerosene and other petroleum products that are sometimes called CERATAN MT 9120.
Un-dyed, unscented CERATAN MT 9120 candles are odorless and bluish-white.

CERATAN MT 9120 was first created by Carl Reichenbach in Germany in 1830 and marked a major advancement in candlemaking technology, as it burned more cleanly and reliably than tallow candles and was cheaper to produce.
CERATAN MT 9120 is a type of wax derived from petroleum during the refining process.

CERATAN MT 9120's a white or colorless solid substance that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules.
CERATAN MT 9120 is known for its low melting point and is commonly used for various purposes due to its properties.
CERATAN MT 9120 was first created in 1830 by German chemist Karl von Reichenbach when he attempted to develop a method to efficiently separate and refine waxy substances naturally occurring in petroleum.

CERATAN MT 9120 represented a major advance in the candlemaking industry, because it burned cleanly and was cheaper to manufacture than other candle fuels.
CERATAN MT 9120 initially suffered from a low melting point.
This was remedied by adding stearic acid.

The production of CERATAN MT 9120 enjoyed a boom in the early 20th century due to the growth of the oil and meatpacking industries, which created CERATAN MT 9120 and stearic acid as byproducts.
CERATAN MT 9120 is used synonymously with alkane, indicating hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2.

CERATAN MT 9120 by Munzing is a micronized fischer tropsch wax in spherical shape.
The name is derived from Latin parum ("very little") + affinis, meaning "lacking affinity" or "lacking reactivity", referring to CERATAN MT 9120's unreactive nature.

CERATAN MT 9120 is mostly found as a white, odorless, tasteless, waxy solid, with a typical melting point between about 46 and 68°C (115 and 154°F) and a density of approximately 900, is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, benzene, and certain esters.
CERATAN MT 9120 is often classed as a stable chemical since it is unaffected by most common chemical reagents but burns readily.

CERATAN MT 9120 is the common name for the mixture of solid higher alkanes, the molecular formula is CnH2n+2, where n=20-40.
The excess oil residue in the wax is removed through the process of petroleum refining.
CERATAN MT 9120 is then deoiled and separated by vacuum distillation.

The main component of refined CERATAN MT 9120 is saturated normal alkanes with carbon number of about 20-40, containing a small amount of isomers and alkanes.
CERATAN MT 9120 is a high melting, spherical, micronized Fischer Tropsch wax.
CERATAN MT 9120 have applications in Paints and coatings and Printing inks.

CERATAN MT 9120 micronized waxes are predominantly produced using our highly advanced spraying technology leading to spherical particles.
The spherical shape and the particles’ even surface help the dispersing process, reduce wax usage as well as dust formation.

CERATAN MT 9120, also known as crystalline wax, is usually a white, odorless waxy solid.
CERATAN MT 9120 melts at 47°C-64°C and has a density of about 0.9g/cm3.
CERATAN MT 9120 is soluble in gasoline, carbon disulfide, xylene, ether, benzene, chloroform, and tetrachloride.

CERATAN MT 9120 non-polar , solvents such as carbon, naphtha, etc., are insoluble in polar solvents such as water and methanol.
Fully refined CERATAN MT 9120 are a hard, white crystalline material derived from petroleum.
CERATAN MT 9120es are predominately composed of normal, straight-chain hydrocarbons.

The water-repellent and thermoplastic properties of CERATAN MT 9120es make them ideal for many applications.
CERATAN MT 9120, typical end uses include cereal, delicatessen, and household wrap, corrugated containers, candles, cheese and vegetable coatings, and hot melt adhesives.

Melting point: 58-62 °C ((ASTM D 87))
Boiling point: 322 °C
Density: 0.82 g/mL at 20 °C
refractive index: n20/D 1.45
FEMA 3216 | CERATAN MT 9120
Flash point: 113 °C
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Soluble in chloroform, ether, volatile oils, and most warm fixed oils; slightly soluble in ethanol; practically insoluble in acetone, ethanol (95%), and water.
form: extra-low viscosity oil
color: white
Odor: odorless
Odor Type: odorless
explosive limit: 0.6-6.5%(V)

CERATAN MT 9120 is a hydrocarbon mixture extracted from certain distillates of petroleum, shale oil or other bituminous mineral oils.
The main component is solid alkanes, which is odorless and tasteless, and is a white or light yellow translucent solid.
CERATAN MT 9120 has many uses, mainly used in the manufacture of matches, fiberboard, tarpaulin and so on.

CERATAN MT 9120 is manufactured by the distillation of crude petroleum or shale oil, followed by purification by acid treatment and filtration.
CERATAN MT 9120 with different properties may be produced by controlling the distillation and subsequent congealing conditions.
Synthetic CERATAN MT 9120, synthesized from carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

This type of CERATAN MT 9120 undergoes extensive refining processes to remove impurities and achieve a higher level of purity.
CERATAN MT 9120 has a higher melting point and is often used in applications requiring clarity and CERATAN MT 9120 is perhaps most famously used in the production of candles.
It's an affordable and versatile material that can be easily molded into different shapes and sizes.

CERATAN MT 9120 candles burn steadily and are often used for decorative and functional purposes.
CERATAN MT 9120 undergoes less extensive refining and may retain more of its natural color and scent.
It's commonly used in less sensitive applications, such as in industrial products like wax paper and packaging.

CERATAN MT 9120 has a lower melting point and is suitable for applications where quick melting is required, such as in making crayons or as a component in certain adhesives.
When CERATAN MT 9120 is burned, it can release combustion byproducts into the air, including small amounts of potentially harmful substances.
While the emissions from CERATAN MT 9120 candles are generally considered low and not likely to cause significant harm in well-ventilated areas, some people with sensitivities may prefer alternative candle options like soy or beeswax.

Some individuals may have sensitivity or allergies to certain additives or fragrances present in products containing CERATAN MT 9120.
Reading product labels and choosing fragrance-free options can help minimize potential reactions.

CERATAN MT 9120 is derived from petroleum, a non-renewable resource.
The extraction and refining processes of petroleum can have environmental impacts.
As a result, some consumers opt for natural and renewable alternatives like soy wax or beeswax.

Uses
CERATAN MT 9120 used in the production of candles, crayons, wax paper, rubber, wires, cables, plates, waterproof materials, electrical insulation, food packaging, precision casting, general telecommunications equipment, textiles, printing, metal rust prevention, and other chemicals required by various industrial sectors raw material.
CERATAN MT 9120 can also be used for oxidation to generate synthetic fatty acids.

CERATAN MT 9120 can also be made into detergents, emulsifiers, dispersants, plasticizers, greases, etc.
As a kind of latent heat storage material, CERATAN MT 9120 has the advantages of large latent heat of phase change, small volume change during solid-liquid phase change, good thermal stability, no supercooling phenomenon, and low price.

CERATAN MT 9120 is used in aviation, aerospace, microelectronics, etc.
CERATAN MT 9120 used various fields such as scientific and technological systems and house energy saving have been widely used.
CERATAN MT 9120 can be used as a phase changing material in a wide range of applications which include solar based water heaters, microcapsules and thermal energy devices.

In industrial applications, it is often useful to modify the crystal properties of the CERATAN MT 9120, typically by adding branching to the existing carbon backbone chain.
The modification is usually done with additives, such as EVA copolymers, microcrystalline wax, or forms of polyethylene.
The branched properties result in a modified CERATAN MT 9120 with a higher viscosity, smaller crystalline structure, and modified functional properties.

Pure CERATAN MT 9120 is rarely used for carving original models for casting metal and other materials in the lost wax process, as it is relatively brittle at room temperature and presents the risks of chipping and breakage when worked.
CERATAN MT 9120 is perhaps most famously used in the production of candles.

CERATAN MT 9120's an affordable and versatile material that can be easily molded into different shapes and sizes.
CERATAN MT 9120 candles burn steadily and are often used for decorative and functional purposes.
CERATAN MT 9120 is used for its moisture-repellent properties in packaging materials.

CERATAN MT 9120's used to coat certain fruits and vegetables to improve their appearance and extend their shelf life.
CERATAN MT 9120 is sometimes used in pharmaceutical formulations, including ointments and creams, to provide a base that holds active ingredients and allows controlled release.
CERATAN MT 9120 is used in art and craft projects.

CERATAN MT 9120 can be melted, colored, and molded into various shapes for artistic creations.
CERATAN MT 9120 is used as a moisture barrier in packaging to protect products from humidity and moisture damage.
CERATAN MT 9120 is used in art, crafts, and modeling for its malleability and ability to retain shapes.

Food-grade CERATAN MT 9120 is used to coat some fruits and vegetables to improve their appearance and extend their shelf life.
CERATAN MT 9120 is sometimes used in the textile industry for applications such as waterproofing fabrics.
CERATAN MT 9120 is used to coat electrical wires and cables to provide insulation and protection against moisture.

In woodworking, CERATAN MT 9120 can be used as a lubricant on saw blades and other cutting tools to reduce friction and heat buildup.
CERATAN MT 9120 can be used to preserve and protect certain items from corrosion or deterioration, such as metal tools and equipment.
CERATAN MT 9120 can be applied to various surfaces, such as wooden furniture or tools, to provide a protective layer and enhance their appearance.

One of the most common uses of CERATAN MT 9120 is for making candles.
CERATAN MT 9120s low melting point allows it to be easily melted and molded into candles of various shapes and sizes.
CERATAN MT 9120 candles burn cleanly and are widely used for decorative and functional purposes.

Safety
CERATAN MT 9120 is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material when used in topical ointments and as a coating agent for tablets and capsules.
However, granulomatous reactions (CERATAN MT 9120omas) may occur following injection of CERATAN MT 9120 into tissue for cosmetic purposes or to relieve pain.

Long-term inhalation of aerosolized CERATAN MT 9120 may lead to interstitial pulmonary disease.
Ingestion of a substantial amount of white soft CERATAN MT 9120 has led to intestinal obstruction in one instance.

Health Hazard
CERATAN MT 9120 exposures to paraffi n for a prolonged period cause several types of skin disorders, The adverse health effects to skin include chronic dermatitis, wax boils, folliculitis, comedones, papules, melanoderma, and hyperkeratoses.
Carcinoma of the scrotum in occupational workers began with a normal hyperkeratotic nevus-like lesion, which subsequently resulted in a squamous cell carcinoma.

Synonyms
EINECS 232-315-6
FEMA No. 3216
Hard CERATAN MT 9120
HartCERATAN MT 9120
Hydrocarbon wax
LS-2449
CERATAN MT 9120
CERATAN MT 9120 [JAN]
CERATAN MT 9120 [Waxes]
CERATAN MT 9120
CERATAN MT 9120 (petroleum)
CERATAN MT 9120 fume
CERATAN MT 9120es
CERATAN MT 9120es and Hydrocarbon waxes
CERATAN MT 9120, hard
Petroleum wax, crystalline
Poly(methylene)wax
Synthetic CERATAN MT 9120, Fischer-Tropsch
Synthetic wax
Wax extract
Wax, hydrocarbon
Wax, CERATAN MT 9120
Waxes, CERATAN MT 9120
Zeresin
CERESIN
Ceresin, also known as Ceresin wax or cerin, is a wax that comes from ozokerite through a purifying process.
Ceresin is a white-to-yellow waxy mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by purification of ozokerite.
Ceresin occurs as odorless, tasteless, amorphous (noncrystalline) brittle, waxy cakes or pastilles.


CAS Number: 8001-75-0
EC Number: 232-290-1
MDL Number: MFCD00146361
Chem/IUPAC Name: (2R,4R,4aS,6aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bS)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-one
Molecular Formula: C30H50O2


Ceresin (also cerin, cerasin, cerosin, ceresin wax or ceresine) is a wax derived from ozokerite by a purifying process.
Ceresin is originally mineral wax, derived from coal and shale. Nowadays ceresin for cosmetics is synthesized from petroleum, exactly the blend of paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax.


Ceresin is a white, crystalline, odorless and tasteless solid.
Ceresin is a hard wax with a relatively high melting point and excellent oil binding capacity.
Ceresin is compatible with a wide variety of solvents, oils, fats, resins, petrolatum and other waxes.


Ceresin is a hydrocarbon wax produced by the purification of another hydrocarbon wax, ozokerite.
Ceresin, also known as Ceresin wax or cerin, is a wax that comes from ozokerite through a purifying process.
Ceresin is a white-to-yellow waxy mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by purification of ozokerite.


Ceresin occurs as odorless, tasteless, amorphous (noncrystalline) brittle, waxy cakes or pastilles.
Ceresin is a white or yellow wax derived from ozocerite, a naturally occurring fossil wax found near soft shale.
Ceresin is valued for its stability and high melting point and is often a substitute for beeswax.


Ceresin is compatible with the chemistries of natural, mineral, and synthetic raw materials.
Ceresin 1556 is a white wax.
Ceresin waxes are blends of linear and branched hydrocarbons that have a long history of use in industry.


Chemists should choose the properties that are critical to their formulation; melt point, penetration, or gel strength.
They are non-hazardous, non-toxic, and non-irritating for skin and eyes.
Ceresin is compatible with the chemistries of natural, mineral, and synthetic raw materials.


Ceresin is a waxy mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by purification of ozokerite, a naturally occurring mineral wax.
Ceresin serves as an alternative to beeswax in ointments.
Ceresin is a white-to-yellow waxy hydrocarbon mixture.


The native mineral fossil wax ozokerite, which is derived from coal and shale, is extracted and refined to create ceresin.
Another method of producing ceresin involves dissolving ozokerite in ligroin, treating it with activated clay, and then removing the high-boiling-point fraction.


Ceresin is a white or yellow wax that is obtained from a naturally-occuring mineral wax, ozokerite by purification.
The purifying process often consists of treating ozokerite with heat and sulfuric acid, although other methods have been used.
Ceresin’s commonly used as a substitute for beeswax or paraffin.


Ceresin’s also pretty common to find it listed as an ingredient in the beauty products you use daily.
Ceresin is a degradable, water-insoluble, solid wax that has been used as an antimicrobial agent in pharmaceutical preparations.
The high resistance of cresol to oxidation and hydrolysis makes it an effective preservative.


Ceresol can be decarboxylated to produce phenols, which have strong antiseptic properties.
It also has a high acid complexing ability that makes it useful for preventing the growth of microorganisms.
This property is due to the presence of fatty acids with long chains that are not easily degraded by enzymes in the stomach.


These products are mainly composed of carboxylic acids and alcohols.
Cresol also has an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) profile that is similar to those of other organic compounds such as fatty acids or polycarboxylic acids


When cresol is heated, it reacts with lemongrass oil and produces macroscopic reaction products that are visible when viewed under a microscope.
Derived from clay, ceresin is a waxy ingredient used as a thickening agent in cosmetics.
Ceresin is a wax derived from ozokerite by a purifying process.



USES and APPLICATIONS of CERESIN:
Ceresin is substitute for beeswax; for making candles, wax figures; for waxed paper and cloth; in polishes, electrical insulators; waterproofing fabrics; for bottles for hydrofluoric acid; in dentistry for impression and inlay waxes and modeling compounds.
Ceresin is a thickener and a binder with noncomedogenic properties.


Ceresin regulates the viscosity, suspension properties, and overall stability of a skin care preparation.
Ceresin is used in protective creams as a beeswax and paraffin substitute.
This white-to-yellow waxy, Ceresin, mixture of hydrocarbons is obtained by the purification of ozokerite.


The purifying process of the ozokerite commonly comprises a treatment with heat and sulfuric acid, but other processes are also in use.
Ceresin will increase viscosity, assist in emulsion stability and reduce the brittleness of stick preparations and add hardness.
These properties encourage Ceresin's use in lipstick and lip care products to promote structure and stick strength.


Similar to ozokerite, Ceresin is mostly used in stick type products to keep them nice and solid.
Ceresine wax is used as a stiffening agent in creams and ointments, and as an emulsion stabilizer, opacity agent, viscosity control agent and thickener in pharmaceutical protective, topical and vaginal creams.


Applications of Ceresin include cosmetics, personal care, crayons, coatings, candles, industrial, pharmaceuticals, fruit and vegetable coatings, and inks.
Ceresin is also used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Ceresin is also used in drug coating applications for medicaments, for example, protective coatings, enteric-soluble coatings and sustained-release coatings.


Ceresin has been used in formulation of multivesicular emulsion topical delivery systems.
Even if you haven’t heard of the ingredient ceresin before, there’s a good chance you’ve used it.
Ceresin is an emulsifier used like a wax to help certain products, such as pomades and balms, to bind and maintain their consistencies.


Ceresin can be a suitable substitute for paraffin and beeswax, as it helps stabilize skincare products.
Ceresin also helps make products less brittle by adding strength and stability to stick cosmetics, such as lipstick.
As a thickening agent, Ceresin works to keep the liquid and oil parts of an emulsion from separating.


A mineral wax from coal or shale, or synthesized from petroleum, ceresin can be used as a replacement for beeswax and paraffin and performs similarly to both by stabilizing a product’s consistency.
Usually found in lip care (balms and lip masks), ceresin is also used in thicker, reparative skin creams and medical ointments.


Ceresin is also used in color cosmetics and haircare.
In other words, ceresin is a lot more common than you think, since it’s in everything from lipsticks to eyeliner, lip gloss, mascara, and skincare.
As Ceresin is in many personal care products, it is highly likely you have used it previously.


Ceresin is a derivative of clay and is used as a thickening agent and emulsifier in skincare products.
Ceresin is used as hardening wax for stick formulated cosmetics.
Ceresin is common in skincare and color cosmetics.


Because of its waxy texture, ceresin is mainly used to help a formula achieve a certain consistency.
Thanks to its waxy constitution, Ceresin can be used as barrier protection in skincare, creating an occlusive film to keep ingredients in the skin and lock out harmful pollutants.


Applications of Ceresin include cosmetics, personal care, crayons, coatings, candles, industrial, pharmaceuticals, fruit and vegetable coatings, and inks.
Ceresin acts as a viscosity-controlling and emulsion-stabilizing agent in cosmetics and personal care products.
As a wax, Ceresin aids in the hardening of lipid (oil)-based products like balm or pomade.


Additionally, Ceresin lessens brittleness and gives various stick cosmetics, like lipstick, strength and stability.
Because of its high melting point and stability, Ceresin frequently serves as a Beeswax substitute.
Ceresin is primarily used in personal care products like lipstick, lip/eyeliner, lip gloss, eye shadow, facial moisturizer, mascara, and anti-ageing serum.


Ceresin can be used at a concentration of up to 48% in eyeshadow.
Ceresin is primarily used to keep stick-type products nice and solid.
Ceresin is an emulsifier that aids in the emulsion of some products, like balms and pomades.


Ceresin is used as a stiffening agent in cosmetics.
Ceresin (Melting 63C) is used as a thickener in creams, lotions. Butter, lip balm, etc.
Ceresin is used for creams, lotions or other products that need to increase the viscosity (thickening)


-Uses of Ceresin include:
*An alternative to beeswax in ointments
*(Historic) laboratory-supply bottles for small amounts of hydrofluoric acid, which were made of ceresin; this was before polyethylene became commonplace.


-Pharmaceutical Applications of Ceresin:
Ceresin is used as a stiffening agent in creams and ointments, and as an emulsion stabilizer, opacifier, viscosity control agent, and thickener in pharmaceutical protective, topical, and vaginal creams. It is also used in cosmetics and personal care products.
Ceresin is often used as a substitute for ozokerite wax due to its similar properties, and also as a substitute for beeswax and paraffin wax.

Ceresin acts as a rheological modifier at low concentrations (2–3%) and has the ability to create very small crystallites, which crosslink and establish a network structure that does not allow flow in practical conditions.
Ceresin produces stable mixtures with oils and prevents bleeding or sweating of oil, and it produces a lighter cream that is less greasy.

Ceresin is also used for pharmaceutical coating applications of medicaments, for example, protective coatings, enteric coatings, and sustained-release coatings.
Ceresin has been used in the formulation of multivesicular emulsion topical delivery systems.


-Skin care:
With the formulation's context, Ceresin is significant.
In protective creams, Ceresin is typically used as a beeswax and paraffin replacement.
Ceresin enhances the stability, viscosity, and suspension qualities of skin care preparations


-Hair care:
Ceresin is suitable as an antistatic because of its long chain and saturated hydrocarbon structure, which prevent it from carrying any charge on the structure.
Additionally, Ceresin creates a layer that repels water on top of the hair shaft, conditioning hair and giving it a bouncy, shiny appearance



PRODUCTION METHODS OF CERESIN:
Ceresin is prepared by extraction and purification of the native mineral fossil wax ozokerite, which is derived from coal and shale.
Ozokerite is mined from deposits in various localities around the world.
It is found as irregular mineral veins or as a black mass in clay strata.

Mined ozokerite is heated to melt it, and any earth or rock is removed.
If necessary, it is heated to 115–1208℃ to remove any moisture and then treated with sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid.
After neutralization, it is decolorized using activated charcoal or silica gel, and filtered.
If decolorizing is not sufficient, it is repeatedly treated with sulfuric acid and subjected to adsorption filtration to produce more refined ceresin.

Another method of producing ceresin involves dissolving ozokerite in ligroin, treating it with activated clay, and then removing the high-boiling-point fraction.
Ceresin is a complex combination of hydrocarbons produced by the purification of ozocerite with sulfuric acid and filtration through bone black to form waxy cakes.



MIXING METHOD OF CERESIN:
Mix in oil (oil-phase) and heat to about 75 degrees to dissolve into oil. Keep stirring while the product is cooling.



WHAT DOES CERESIN DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Antistatic
*Emulsion stabilising
*Viscosity controlling



SAFETY PROFILE OF CERESIN:
Ceresin has a score of 1 on the Environmental Working Group's (EWG’s) skin-deep scale, which indicates low potential for concerns like cancer, allergies and immunotoxicity, developmental and reproductive toxicity, and use restrictions.
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has evaluated the safety of ceresin and concluded that it is safe as a cosmetic ingredients in the present practices of concentration and use.



ALTERNATIVES OF CERESIN:
*PARAFFIN
*MONTAN CERA



FEATURES OF CERESIN:
Ceresin which functions as a stiffening agent while providing a high degree of thixotropy, and suspension of the effect pigments.
Ceresin which provides lubricity and enhances shine.



DECORATIVE COSMETICS OF CERESIN:
Ceresin is a sensory modifier with a natural derivative carrier.
Ceresin provides dry smoothness and a silky, lubricious skin feel.
Ceresin provides smoothness and is easy to apply.
Ceresin helps in pore masking.



FUNCTIONS OF CERESIN IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*ANTISTATIC:
Ceresin reduces electrostatic charges (eg of the hair)

*BINDING:
Ceresin ensures the cohesion of powdered products

*EMULSION STABILISING:
Ceresin supports emulsion formation and improves product stability

*HAIR CONDITIONING:
Ceresin leaves the hair easy to comb, supple, soft and shiny and / or imparts volume

*OPACIFYING:
Ceresin reduces transparency and translucency by clouding the product

*VISCOSITY CONTROLLING:
Ceresin increases or decreases the viscosity of cosmetic products



HOW DOES CERESIN BENEFIT THE SKIN?
Ceresin is used as a thickening ingredient that keeps together the liquid and oil parts of an emulsion and prevents them from separating.
Since ceresin is an emollient, products lacking this ingredient could cause skin irritation.

Being a wax, Ceresin helps harden oil-based compounds like pomades or balms.
Ceresin has conditioning and moisturizing properties for the skin and acts as a moisture barrier, thus sealing water and active ingredients close to the skin.

Ceresin’s best for dry, rough and cracked skin that requires moisturizing.
Ceresin is also low allergenic, non-irritating and non-comedogenic.



HOW IS CERESIN USED IN BEAUTY PRODUCTS?
Ceresin-containing products should be used last in your skincare routine to seal serums and creams with active ingredients.
Ceresin helps to maintain the thickness and consistency of cosmetics such as lipstick, lip balm, mascara, and eyeliner.
Ceresin can also be used as a thickening agent in moisturizers and certain hair care products.

Without Ceresin, large categories of beauty products would be impossible to create due to its thickening, hardening and stabilizing properties.
The texture would be inconsistent without ceresin.
Lipsticks, pomades, balms, and thicker creams would be impossible.
Also, Ceresin would not be possible to create great moisturizers and do skin treatments such as slugging.



BENEFITS OF CERESIN FOR SKIN:
Ceresin is used to improve products, as it is viscosity-controlling and emulsion-stabilizing.
Ceresin's main purpose is as a thickening agent that keeps the oil and liquid parts of an emulsion from separating.
As a wax, Ceresin helps harden lipid (oil)-based solutions like pomades or balms.

Ceresin works well with oil-based creams, haircare, or balms and allows oil and liquid ingredients to emulsify without separation.
Ceresin wax is compatible with a wide variety of solvents, oils, fats, resins, petrolatum, and other waxes.



CERESIN, HAVE THIRSTY SKIN?
You might want to look for products that contain ceresin.
Ceresin’s best for non-sensitive, thicker, drier skin that can be rough and scaly.

Ceresin will help condition the skin and speed up the healing time of dry, cracked skin.
Ceresin works by protecting the skin barrier and sealing in water and other reparative ingredients.
Ceresin should only be avoided in sensitive skin types that develop a reaction.



SIDE EFFECTS OF CERESIN:
Ceresin isn’t an ingredient that will keep you up at night wondering what it might trigger in your skin.
Ceresin has low irritancy and low comedogenicity, meaning it won’t cause acne.



TYPE OF INGREDIENT OF CERESIN:
Texture enhancer


MAIN BENEFITS OF CERESIN:
A naturally occurring mineral wax, Ceresin's primarily used as a thickening agent in cosmetics.


WHO SHOULD USE IT:
Ceresin's a common binding ingredient and safe to use for most, as it's unlikely to irritate skin or cause breakouts.


HOW OFTEN TO USE CERESIN:
Ceresin is safe for daily use.


CERESIN WORKS WELL WITH:
Primarily a thickening ingredient, ceresin works well as part of formulas that need help with binding and consistency.
Ceresin's helpful in emulsions within a range of makeup and skincare products.


CERESIN DOESN'T USE WITH:
Ceresin isn’t a particularly reactive ingredient, so it works well with most routines.



SAFETY OF CERESIN:
Ceresin is nontoxic, nonhazardous, and safe for use in personal care and cosmetic ingredients in the present practices of concentration and use.
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has concluded that ceresin does not result in dermal sensitization.
When formulations containing these ingredients were tested, they produced no skin irritation and the formulations were not phototoxic.
The FDA has established a cumulative estimated daily intake of ceresin of 0.00035 mg/kg body weight, and a cumulative dietary concentration in food of not more than 7 ppb.



STORAGE OF CERESIN:
Ceresin should be stored in well-closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from extreme heat and strong oxidizing agents.



INCOMPATIBILITIES OF CERESIN:
Ceresin is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Ceresin is compatible with most animal, vegetable, and mineral waxes, as well as mineral oil and petrolatum.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CERESIN:
CAS Number: 8001-75-0
Chem/IUPAC Name: (2R,4R,4aS,6aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,14aS,14bS)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-one
EINECS/ELINCS No: 232-290-1
Melting Point: 53-79°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water
Soluble in benzene, chloroform, naphtha
Melting point: 61-78°
Density 0.91-0.92
Flash point: 113 °C
solubility: Soluble in benzene, chloroform, naphtha, hot oils, petroleum ether,
30 parts absolute ethanol, turpentine, carbon disulfide, and most organic solvents.
Insoluble in water.
form: Solid
color: White waxy
Odor: Odorless
Water Solubility: Insoluble in water
CAS DataBase Reference 8001-75-0
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: CERESIN WAX (OZOCERITE)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: Q1LS2UJO3A
EPA Substance Registry System: Ceresin (8001-75-0)
Molecular Formula: C30H50O2
Boiling Point: 343°C
Melting Point: 61-78°C
Flash Point: 215.876°C
Density: 0.91-0.92 g/cm3
Solubility: Soluble in Benzene, Chloroform,
Naphtha, Hot Oils, Petroleum Ether,
30 Parts Absolute Ethanol, Turpentine,
Carbon Disulfide, and Most Organic Solvents; Insoluble in Water
Appearance: White to Yellow Waxy Cakes or Pastilles
Storage: Store at RT
Assay: 99.9%min
Refractive Index: 1.514



FIRST AID MEASURES of CERESIN:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CERESIN:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CERESIN:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CERESIN:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CERESIN:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CERESIN:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
Ceresin
8001-75-0
232-290-1
Ceresin wax
Ozocerite wax
Ozokerite wax
White ceresin wax
White ozokerite wax
CERESIN (II)
CERESIN WAX (OZOCERITE)
CIRINE WAX
Ceresine wax
DTXSID1093670
EARTH WAX
EINECS 232-290-1
FOSSIL WAX
Q1LS2UJO3A
UNII-Q1LS2UJO3A
WHITE CERESIN WAX (II)
Waxes, ceresin
Waxes, ozocerite
Earth Wax
Mineral Wax
Ozokerite
Ceresin
CERA MICROCRISTALLINA
Ceresine wax
OZOKERITE WAX
CERESIN WAX YELLOW
Microcrytalline Wax
CERIN
Cerosin
Earth wax
ceresin(e)
Ceresin
Cera mineralis alba
Ceresine
Ceresin wax
Cerin
Cerosin
Cirashine CS
Earth wax
Koster Keunen Ceresine
Mineral wax
purified ozokerite
Ross Ceresine Wax
white ceresin wax
white ozokerite wax



CETAC (CETRIMONIUM CHLORIDE)
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium compound used as a preservative.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is also called cetyltrimethylammonium chloride
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a topical antiseptic and surfactant.


CAS NUMBER: 112-02-7

EC NUMBER: 203-928-6

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C19H42N.Cl

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 320.0 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride


CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) appears as colorless to pale yellow liquid
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has an odor of rubbing alcohol.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) floats or sinks in water.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is the organic chloride salt of cetyltrimethylammonium.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has a role as a surfactant.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt and an organic chloride salt.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) contains a cetyltrimethylammonium ion.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt
In cosmetics and personal care products, CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in the formulation of hair conditioners, hair dyes and colors, other hair care products, and in some skin care products.

Long-chain quaternary ammonium surfactants, such as CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride), are generally combined with long-chain fatty alcohols, such as stearyl alcohols, in formulations of hair conditioners and shampoos.
The cationic surfactant concentration in conditioners is generally of the order of 1–2% and the alcohol concentrations are usually equal to or greater than those of the cationic surfactants.
The ternary system, surfactant/fatty alcohol/water, leads to a lamellar structure forming a percolated network giving rise to a gel.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium used in cosmetics for its antistatic properties.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) allows water and oil to be dispersed, and thus to promote soft and pleasant consistencies.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is often used in hair care instead of (or sometimes with) silicones.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can also be used as a preservative.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary cationic conditioner.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has anti-static, anti-frizz & detangling properties.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can be used with non-ionic and cationic surfactants and most polar solvents.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is an ingredient for multiple hair care applications

Why is CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) used in cosmetics and personal care products?
All three ingredients prevent or inhibit the buildup of static electricity.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also helps to cleanse the skin or to prevent odor by destroying or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also helps to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified and help to distribute or to suspend an insoluble solid in a liquid.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used mainly in hair care products such as shampoos but is also used in some cleansing body products as well.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) chloride helps to inhibit static electricity that is built up between the hair strands, causing flyaways and frizz.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also acts as a mild preservative.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt, Cetrimonium Chlorides concentration in cosmetics is highly controlled by state regulations.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is very similar to another conditioning ingredient called behentrimonium chloride.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is an anti-static ingredient that helps condition the hair
Not only conditioning CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also acts as a preservative by preventing the growth of bacteria in liquid solutions, and therefore help products to last longer.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in the following products:
-coating products
-adhesives and sealants
-fillers
-putties
-plasters
-modelling clay
-polymers
-washing & cleaning products

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in building & construction work.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) formulation or re-packing

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in cosmetics and personal care products
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is also used in polymers and textile treatment products

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) uses at industrial sites
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in textile treatment products and dyes
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in building & construction work and offshore mining.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used for the manufacture of textile, leather or fur and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride), is a topical antiseptic.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is also used in hair conditioners and shampoos, as a conditioning agent

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is also a surfactant: partly water-soluble and partly oil-soluble
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) allows oil and water to become dispersed and give products a good consistency and a gentle cleansing foam

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt that is used as a light hair conditioning agent.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) use in conditioners and cream rinses improves both wet and dry combing and reduces static electricity.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used as a detangler in hair care products.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) inhibits the growth of micro-organisms and prolongs the shelf life of formulations.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 320.0 g/mol

-Exact Mass: 319.3005780 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 319.3005780 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 0Ų

-Physical Description: Clear to pale yellow liquid

-Boiling Point: 180 °F

-Flash Point: 69 °F

-Water solubility: 440 mg/l

-Density: 0.9

-Autoignition Temperature: 750 °F

-Chemical Classes: Nitrogen Compounds -> Quaternary Amines


CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) acts as an antistatic agent: Cetrimonium Chloride neutralize the electrons generated through static electricity.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) helps in the easy combing of wet hair and prevents the formation of knots in the hair.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) makes hair more manageable.

As Cetrimonium Chloride is cationic, CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used primarily in conditioning products rather than in shampoos.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also finds use as a topical antiseptic and a preservative due to Cetrimonium Chlorides ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

-Rotatable Bond Count: 15

-Heavy Atom Count: 21

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 181

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes


CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used as a surfactant (for cleansing and emulsifying) and a suspending agent.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a clear water-like liquid and is mainly used in the hair care products to prevent the build-up of static charge over the hair shaft.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) mainly used to prevent static and build-up in the hair.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can also cleanse the skin/hair and eliminate odor by preventing the growth of microorganisms, and by enabling water to mix with dirt and rinse it away.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used as an emulsifier that helps in mixing water and dirt and is useful in getting rid of accumulated dirt, grime.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) prohibits the multiplication of microorganisms in the product formulations

In addition, by reducing the surface tension of other ingredients and working to distribute and suspend insoluble solids in liquid, Cetrimonium Chloride helps form emulsions.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is mainly used in hair products such as hair dye, shampoo/conditioner, styling gel, mousse, detangler, dandruff treatment and relaxer.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a mono-alkyl quaternary.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride), C-16 based conditioning active provides a good balance of hair conditioning with ease of use in formulation.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) should be used where light to moderate conditioning and detangling performance is desired.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is soluble in isopropanol, soluble in water, generates a lot of foam when shaken, and has good compatibility with cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has excellent penetration, softening, emulsification, antistatic, biodegradability and bactericidal properties.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has good chemical stability, heat resistance, light resistance, pressure resistance, strong acid and alkali resistance.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is an excellent conditioner with anti-static
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has anti-frizz & detangling properties

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) has emulsifying properties able to mix oil and water, especially effective for softening coarse hair, antimicrobial properties.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in hair conditioners, hair shampoos, hair rinses, anti-frizz products.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride), or cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), is commonly used in hair conditioners and shampoos, as a conditioning agent.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt that is used as a light hair conditioning agent.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) or CTAC is an emulsifier
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a surfactant and quaternary ammonium salt

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used in hair conditioners, shampoo, dyes, and other personal hair care products.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a conditioning agent

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a yellowish liquid ingredient that is widely used in cosmetic and personal care products.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can also appear in the form of a solid or a paste.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) offers benefits of being a preservative or an antiseptic.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is also commonly used to reduce static in the hair.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) works well with almost all the other ingredients
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can most commonly be found in products like shampoos and conditioners.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a water-soluble antistatic agent, surfactant and has some antimicrobial properties.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride)'s an anti-static, conditioning ingredient that helps keep hair looking and feeling smooth.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also acts as a preservative by preventing the growth of bacteria in liquid solutions, so products last longer.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride)'s partly water-soluble and partly oil-soluble, so oil and water become dispersed and give products a good consistency and a gentle cleansing foam.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) concentration in cosmetics is highly controlled by state regulations.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a wonderful ingredient imparting its benefits to both hair and skin.
This ingredient can mainly be spotted in hair care products such as hair sprays and shampoos.

*Hair care: CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is an anti-static ingredient that greatly reduces frizz and flyaways.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also smoothens the shafts out, adding shine to them

*Skin care: CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) acts as an antiseptic and prevents the growth of microorganisms on the surface of the skin.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) also helps the water mix well with oil so that the dirt and dust can be washed away thoroughly

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can be natural or synthetic depending on the way that it is made.
Naturally, CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is derived from vegetable oils.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is basically a quaternary ammonium compound that acts well as a preservative.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can appear in the form of a yellowish liquid or a waxy solid.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium used in cosmetics for its antistatic properties.
As CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a cationic surfactant, it disperses water and oil, and thus promotes soft and pleasant consistencies.

This ingredient is often used in hair care instead of (or sometimes with) silicones.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can also be used as a preservative.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride)'s functions:
*Antimicrobial: CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) helps slow the growth of microorganisms on the skin and opposes the development of microbes
*Antistatic: CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) reduces static electricity by neutralizing the electrical charge on a surface
*Emulsifying agent: CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)
*Preservative: CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) inhibits the development of micro-organisms in cosmetic products.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a a light hair conditioning agent.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride)'s use in conditioners and cream rinses to improve both wet and dry combing and reduces static electricity

Typical Uses of CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride):
-Hair Conditioner
-Skin Conditioning Creams
-Shampoo
-Antiseptic formulations
-Part of a Preservative System

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a a light hair conditioning agent.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used as a topical antiseptic and a preservative due to its ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is used as a surfactant (for cleansing and emulsifying) and a suspending agent.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt, its concentration in cosmetics is highly controlled by state regulations.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt that serves multiple functions in personal care products, including working as a surfactant/emulsifier that cleanses skin by mixing water with dirt and oil to be rinsed away.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is most popular in hair care (including hair dyes) where it provides conditioning properties as well as anti-frizz, anti-static, and detangling benefits.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) may be plant- or animal-derived or synthetic.

CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) can also be used as part of cosmetic preservative blends and may be used to inhibit unwanted odors from forming within a formula.
CETAC (Cetrimonium chloride) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid in raw material form


SYNONYMS:

112-02-7
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride
Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride
N,N,N-trimethylhexadecan-1-aminium chloride
Cetrimonium chloride
N-Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride
Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
Dehyquart A
TRIMETHYLHEXADECYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Genamin CTAC
Aliquat 6
Trimethylcetylammonium chloride
Arquad 16-50
Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
CETAC
CTAC
HTAC
Palmityltrimethylammonium chloride
Adogen 444
Surfroyal CTAC
Arquad 16-29
Dehyquart A-CA
Morpan CHA
Quartamin 60W
Ammonyx Cetac 30
Arquad 16
Intexsan CTC 29
Intexsan CTC 50
1-Hexadecanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride
Barquat CT 29
Intexan CTC 29
Variquat E 228
Carsoquat CT 429
Cation PB 40
HDTMA-Cl
Catinal CTC 70ET
Dodigen 1383
Lebon TM 16
Lebon TM 60
N,N,N-Trimethyl-1-hexadecanaminium chloride
Caswell No. 167A
Pionin B 611
Nissan Cation PB 40
Arquad 16-25LO
Swanol CA 2350
Arquad 16-25W
Arquad 16-29W
Arquad 16-26
Arquad 16/28
Quatramine C 16/29
hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride
hexadecyl(trimethyl)ammonium chloride
cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride
FSM 28
CHEBI:53581
HSDB 5553
PB 40
EINECS 203-928-6
UNII-UC9PE95IBP
UC9PE95IBP
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069133
C19H42N.Cl
cetyl(trimethyl)ammonium chloride
DTXSID6026901
EINECS 268-077-5
Trimethyl-1-hexadecanaminium chloride
68002-63-1
Ammonium, hexadecyltrimethyl-, chloride
EC 203-928-6
MFCD00011773
C19H42ClN
Ammonyx Cetac
Catiogen TMP
Catiogen TMR
Surfaktivo (TN)
hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium chloride
CTACL
Cationic 1631
Ammonyx CETAC 25
Carsoquat CT 425
Cetac 30
Aliquat 1529
Arquad 16-25
Cetrimonium chloride (BAN)
SCHEMBL24536
C 16TAC
NIKKOL CA-2350
ARQUAD PC 16-29W
cetyl trimethylammonium chloride
cetyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride
DTXCID806901
C19-H42-N.Cl
CHEMBL1895807
hexadecyltrimethylazanium chloride
CETRIMONIUM CHLORIDE [II]
BP 40
CETRIMONIUM CHLORIDE
hexadecyl trimethylammonium chloride
hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride
AMY33367
trimethyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride
1631CL
AKOS015899168
AKOS015960532
(1-Hexadecyl)trimethylammonium chloride
CA 2350
CS-W012007
FS-4302
NCGC00164283-02
NCGC00260104-01
CAS-112-02-7
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (6CI)
LS-74824
Ammonium hexadecyltrimethyl-chloride (8CI)
N,N,N-trimethylhexadecan-1-aminiumchloride
FT-0631635
H0082
n-hexadecyl-n,n,n-trimethylammonium chloride
(1-Hexadecyl)trimethylammonium chloride, 96%
D07672
1-Hexadecanaminium NNN-trimethyl-chloride (9CI)
TRIMETHYLHEXADECYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB]
A802470
cloruro de 1-Hexadecanaminium, N, N, N-trimetil-
EN300-18532488
Q1061007
tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propen-1-yl)-
W-108660
1-Hexadecanaminio, N,N, N-trimetil-, cloruro (1:1)
1-Hexadecanaminium, N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride (1:1)
HEXADECAN-1-AMINIUM, N,N,N-TRIMETHYL-, CHLORIDE
1-HEXADECANAMINIUM, N,N,N-TRIMETHYL-, CHLORIDE
1HEXADECANAMINIUM, N,N,NTRIMETHYL, CHLORIDE
CETRIMONIUM CHLORIDE
CETYL TRIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
CHLORIDE 1-HEXADECANAMINIUM, N,N,N-TRIMETHYL-
HEXADECYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
N,N,N-TRIMETHYL- CHLORIDE 1-HEXADECANAMINIUM
N,N,N-TRIMETHYL-1-HEXADECANAMINIUM CHLORIDE


Ceteareth 12,25
CETEARETH-10, N° CAS : 68439-49-6, Nom INCI : CETEARETH-10, Noms français : Alcools (C16-C18), éthoxylés; Noms anglais :(C16-C18) ALKYL ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE; (C16-C18) FATTY ALCOHOL, ETHYLENE OXIDE REACTION PRODUCT; (C16-C18)ALKYL ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE; ALCOHOLS, C16-18, ETHOXYLATED; ALIPHATIC (C16-C18)ALCOHOL, ETHOXYLATED; Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile), Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation. Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated (10EO) (68439-49-6)
CETEARETH 25
Ceteareth 25 is a fatty alcohol that functions as an emulsifier and surfactant in cosmetics.
Ceteareth 25 also helps to keep ingredients soluble within a formula, allowing them to remain dispersed evenly throughout an emulsion.
Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic emulsifier obtained by addition of natural saturated fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide.

CAS Number: 68439-49-6
Molecular Formula: C18H38O
Molecular Weight: 0
EINECS Number: 939-518-5

Ceteareth 25 is an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifier.
When used with Ceteareth 25, it forms a complementary emulsifier pair.
This emulsifier has a small amount of emulsifier and has strong emulsification energy.

The prepared emulsion Ceteareth 25 High stability and bright appearance.
Ceteareth 25 can tolerate a certain degree of inorganic salts and extreme pH conditions.
In addition to the production of general creams and lotions, it is also suitable for the production of emulsion products containing fruit acids and strong alkaline emulsion products such as hair dye cream and depilatory cream.

Ceteareth 25 is a very versatile emulsifier.
Ceteareth 25 is an oil-in-water emulsifier that is used for the production of ointments, creams, liquid emulsions, gels and other cosmetic formulations.
Ceteareth 25 is supplied in the form of free-flowing, non-dusting micro-granules, and is an efficient protective colloid that can increase the stability of dispersed systems.

This research grade product is intended for use in R&D only.
Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth 25 is available as a white, waxy solid.

Ceteareth 25 is used as an emulsifier in oil/water emulsions.
Ceteareth 25 is compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients, is a very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems, and can be combined with other emulsifiers, optimal use with gel-forming thickeners.
Compared to Ceteareth-20, Ceteareth 25 has a bit more gel-forming and thickening properties.

Ceteareth 25 is chemical formula is C18H38O.
Ceteareth 25 is a fatty alcohol that functions as an emulsifier and surfactant in cosmetics.
Ceteareth 25 may be plant- or animal-derived or made synthetically (Paula’s Choice Skincare uses the synthetic and plant-derived types).

Ceteareth 25 also helps to keep ingredients soluble within a formula, allowing them to remain dispersed evenly throughout an emulsion.
Ceteareth 25 liquids to waxy solids. In cosmetics and personal care products, Ceteareth ingredients are used in skin care products, moisturizers, hair conditioners, suntan and indoor tanning products and hair dyes, colors, and tints.
Ceteareth 25 is a nonionic emulsifier that is the 25-mole ethoxylate of a blend of cetyl and stearyl alcohols.

Ceteareth 25 is a free-flowing, non-dusting microbead with an HLB of 15-17.
Ceteareth 25 dissolves in water and alcohol to form a colloid or a clear solution.
Ceteareth 25 is soluble in vegetable and mineral fats and oils, as well as with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, mono- and di- stearates, and with polyethylene glycols.

Ceteareth 25 can be used as an emulsifier for the manufacture of oil-in-water emulsion preparations.
Ceteareth 25 can be used with a wide range of polarities, preferably in combination with Ceteareth-6 (and) Stearyl Alcohol to produce creams or lotions.
Ceteareth 25 is typically used at 1-5%.

Ceteareth 25 is a surfactant made from cetearyl alcohol, which can be derived from animals (not used by ecostore), synthetically produced, or made from plants oils such as coconut and palm.
The '25' in the name refers to the number of ethylene oxide units in the molecule.
Ceteareth 25 effectively removes impurities and dirt from the surface of the skin and hair.

The particles of this surfactant surround the contaminants, which detach from the cleaned surface and are then washed away.
Ceteareth 25 is also an effective foaming agent.
Ceteareth 25 is responsible for the stabilization of foam and improves its quality in a mixture with anionic surfactants.

As emulsifier: Due to its strong hydrophilic nature, Ceteareth 25 is perfect for creating oil-in-water emulsions. Due to its very good emulsifying properties, it can be used for the preparation of emulsions at room temperature
Ceteareth 25 enables the incorporation of hardly soluble or water-insoluble ingredients into an aqueous solution, such as fatty substances, plant extracts or fragrances.
Ceteareth 25 has a strong softening, moisturizing and conditioning effect.

Ceteareth 25 reduces the itching and peeling of skin.
Ceteareth 25 maintains the level of moisture at the right level by creating an occlusive layer on the surface of the hair and skin, which prevents excessive evaporation of water.
Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).

HLB value 16 (gives oil-in-water emulsions). Universal emulsifier to make o/w emulsions.
Compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients.
Very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems.

Ceteareth 25 is universal emulsifier to make o/w emulsions.
Ceteareth 25 is compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients.
Ceteareth 25 is very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems.

Ceteareth 25 can be combined with other emulsifiers.
Ceteareth 25 has optimal use level with gel-forming thickeners.
Compared to ceteareth-20, Ceteareth 25 has a bit more gel-forming and thickening properties.

Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth 25 is available as a white, waxy solid.
Ceteareth 25 is used as an emulsifier in oil/water emulsions.

Ceteareth 25 is compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients, is a very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems, and can be combined with other emulsifiers, optimal use with gel-forming thickeners.
Compared to Ceteareth 25,it has a bit more gel-forming and thickening properties.
Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).

Ceteareth 25 is available as a white, waxy solid.
Ceteareth 25 is used as an emulsifier in oil/water emulsions.
Ceteareth 25 is compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients, is a very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems, and can be combined with other emulsifiers, optimal use with gel-forming thickeners.

Compared to Ceteareth 25,it has a bit more gel-forming and thickening properties.
Ceteareth 25 is a strong softening, moisturising and conditioning effect thanks to the properties typical for emollients.
Non-ionic polyoxyethylene ester of higher saturated fatty alcohols.

Ceteareth 25 is a white, waxy, odorless solid with a melting point of 45.5 - 47.5 & deg; C.
Ceteareth 25 dissolves in water and alcohol and forms a sticky solution.
Ceteareth 25 is a common ingredient in hair products such as pomades and conditioners.

Ceteareth 25’s also used in cosmetics and personal care products such as lotions and creams.
There is no distinct odour.
Great for sprayable lotions, foundations & hair conditioners.

Compatible with all kinds of oils and active ingredients.
Effective protective colloid (a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance) that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems.
Ceteareth 25 is a cosmetic gradeoil-in-water emulsifier, which is used for the production of ointments, creams, liquid emulsions, gels and other cosmetic formulations.

Ceteareth 25 is soluble in vegetable and mineral fats and oils.
The warm emulsifiers can be mixed with mineral, vegetable, and synthetic fats and oils, as well as with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, mono- and di-stearates, and with polyethylene glycols.
Creams and lotions can be formulated easily.

If Ceteareth 25 is used together with cetyl or stearyl alcohol or both, homogeneous ointment and cream bases are obtained that can absorb as much as 90% water.
Ceteareth 25 also helps to keep ingredients soluble within a formula, allowing them to remain dispersed evenly throughout an emulsion.
This ingredient is one of several ceteareths deemed safe as used in cosmetics.

Concentration ranges from 1.3–10% depending on the type of formula and desired aesthetics; lower amounts may also be used, especially if ceteareth-25 is part of a blend.
Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic surfactant.
The commercial product is a white solid with a waxy consistency.

The solidification point of the product is about 40°C.
Ceteareth 25 is a derivative based on renewable vegetable raw materials and is used mainly in cosmetic and detergent applications.
Ceteareth 25 is a very efficient protective colloid and can increase the stability of dispersed systems.

Ceteareth 25 forms gel-like, brushable hydrates with water
Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth 25 is available as a white, waxy solid.

Ceteareth 25 is used as an emulsifier in oil/water emulsions.
Ceteareth 25 is compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients, is a very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems, and can be combined with other emulsifiers, optimal use with gel-forming thickeners.
Compared to Ceteareth-20, Ceteareth-25 has a bit more gel-forming and thickening properties.

Ceteareth 25 is chemical formula is C18H38O.
Ceteareth 25 effectively removes impurities and dirt from the surface of the skin and hair.
The particles of this surfactant surround the contaminants, which detach from the cleaned surface and are then washed away.

In cosmetics, Ceteareth 25 is an effective foaming agent.
In addition, Ceteareth 25 is responsible for the stabilization of foam and improves its quality in a mixture with anionic surfactants.
Another role of this surfactant is to modify the rheological properties in formulations containing anionic surfactants by creating socalled mixed micelles.

The modification of rheological properties is the change in the viscosity of the Ceteareth 25.
Achieving the desired value of the viscosity of the cosmetic formulation allows for obtaining the right consistency, which will ensure good performance characteristics and stability of the product.
Changing the rheological properties of the cosmetic improves its consistency.

As a solubilizer, Ceteareth 25 enables the incorporation of hardly soluble or water-insoluble ingredients into an aqueous solution, such as fatty substances, plant extracts or fragrances, which constitute an integral part of every cosmetic.
Ceteareth 25 is a compound that belongs to the family of ceteareth compounds, which are emulsifying agents and surfactants.
Ceteareth 25s are commonly used in the formulation of cosmetic and personal care products, as well as pharmaceuticals and some industrial applications.

Ceteareth 25 specifically is a polyethylene glycol ether of cetyl and stearyl alcohols.
Ceteareth 25 is used as an emulsifying agent and a surfactant in various skincare and haircare products.

As an emulsifier, Ceteareth 25 helps to mix oil and water-based ingredients, allowing for the creation of stable emulsions in products like creams and lotions.
As a surfactant, Ceteareth 25 can help to reduce the surface tension of a liquid, aiding in the even distribution of a product on the skin or hair.

Boiling point: 330-400℃ at 101kPa
Density: 0.87g/cm3 at 21℃
vapor pressure: 0-5Pa at 20℃
Flash point: 243℃
solubility: H2O: 1 g/10 mL, clear, colorless
form: Notspecified
Odor: at 100.00?%. mild waxy
LogP: 5.91-8.43 at 22-25℃ and pH5.25-7
Surface tension: 67.5mN/m at 6.6mg/L and 25℃
EWG's Food Scores: 1-3

Ceteareth 25 fulfills optimally the necessary double function, i.e. emulsification of lipoid ingredients, and – together with the consistency promoters – formation of
viscosity-increasing structures in the water phase.
Ceteareth 25 helps other ingredients to dissolve in a solve.
Ceteareth 25 effectively removes impurities and dirt from the surface of the skin and hair.

The particles of this surfactant surround the contaminants, which detach from the cleaned surface and are then washed away.
Ceteareth 25 is also an effective foaming agent.
In addition, Ceteareth 25 is responsible for the stabilization of foam and improves its quality in a mixture with anionic surfactants.

Ceteareth 25 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth 25, as an emulsifying agent, helps to incorporate both water and oil components into a formulation.
This is essential for creating moisturizing products, such as creams and lotions, where the combination of water and oils helps to hydrate and nourish the skin.

In addition to its emulsifying properties, Ceteareth 25 contributes to the spreadability and ease of application of cosmetic products.
Ceteareth 25 helps ensure that the product can be evenly distributed over the skin or hair, providing a more uniform and pleasant application experience.
The stability of a cosmetic product is crucial for its shelf life and performance.

Ceteareth 25 plays a role in maintaining the stability of the formulation, preventing ingredients from separating or undergoing undesirable changes over time.
In many formulations, Ceteareth 25 is used in combination with other emulsifiers to achieve the desired texture and stability.
This allows formulators to tailor the properties of the product to meet specific requirements.

Ceteareth 25 is commonly used in cosmetic and personal care products that adhere to industry standards for stability, safety, and performance.
Ceteareth 25 is favored for its versatility and compatibility with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients.
The versatility of Ceteareth 25 makes it suitable for both rinse-off and leave-on products.

Ceteareth 25 may be found in shampoos (rinse-off) as well as in creams or lotions (leave-on).
Ceteareth 25 and Ceteareth-20 is a cosmetic raw material, with decontamination and emulsifying capacity.
Ceteareth 25 a nonionic emulsifier, suitable to obtain O/W cream and lotions,also can be used in hair conditioning products, anti-perspirants.

Excellent emulsification ability, suitable for emulsification of mineral oil(eg: white oil),nature oil, stearyl and etc.Can obtain a steady system when used alone.
Ceteareth 25 can be used in high density electrolytical system.Vegetable based,low irritation.
Ceteareth 25 is a common ingredient in hair products such as pomades and conditioner.

Ceteareth 25’s also used in cosmetics and personal care products such as lotions, creams, and sunscreen.
Ceteareth 25 is non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth 25 forms a colloid solution in water and alcohol.

Ceteareth 25 is an universal emulsifier to make o/w emulsions.
Ceteareth 25 has a strong softening, moisturising and conditioning effect thanks to the properties typical for emollients.
Ceteareth 25 reduces the itching and peeling of skin.

One of the primary functions of Ceteareth 25 is to serve as an emulsifying agent.
Emulsifiers help blend water and oil-based ingredients in a formulation, preventing them from separating.
This is crucial in the production of creams, lotions, and other emulsion-based cosmetic products.

In cosmetic formulations, Ceteareth 25 contributes to the texture and consistency of the product.
Ceteareth 25 helps create a smooth and stable texture, enhancing the overall feel and performance of the product on the skin or hair.
Ceteareth 25 also acts as a stabilizer in formulations, ensuring that the product maintains its structure and integrity over time.

This is particularly important for products that have a longer shelf life.
Ceteareth 25 is known for its compatibility with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients, making it a versatile choice for formulators.
Ceteareth 25 allows for the creation of various cosmetic and personal care products with diverse ingredient combinations.

Ceteareth 25 is frequently found in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products.
Ceteareth 25 is emulsifying properties are valuable for creating stable formulations in these products.
Cosmetic ingredients, including Ceteareth 25, are subject to regulations and safety assessments by relevant authorities in different countries.

Regulatory agencies evaluate the safety and suitability of these ingredients for use in cosmetics.
Ceteareth 25 maintains the level of moisture at the right level by creating an occlusive layer on the surface of the hair and skin, which prevents excessive evaporation of water.
Ceteareth 25 served as a cleaner in the metal machining process, which makes the surface of the oil remove easily, is advantageous for the subsequent processing.

In the general industrial , Ceteareth 25 can be used to produce good and homogeneous emulsion as emulsifier.
In the glass industry, Ceteareth 25 can drop glass breakage in the drawing and winding process, and it also can prevent cottony phenomenon, improve the quality of the glass drawing and production efficiency.
Because of its strong detergency and antistatic effect, Ceteareth 25 can be used for making polyester and other synthetic fiber spinning oil components, it is also good material for making wool detergent, fruit tree pesticide penetrating agent, etc.

Ceteareth 25 is a surfactant made from cetearyl alcohol, which can be derived from animals (not used by ecostore), synthetically produced, or made from plants oils such as coconut and palm.
The '25' in the name refers to the number of ethylene oxide units in the molecule.
Ceteareth 25 acts as a dispersing agent, o/w co-emulsifier and wetting agent.

Ceteareth 25 is used in skin care creams as well as lotions, microemulsion gels, hair relaxers, perms, depilatories, antiperspirants, shaving products, color cosmetics, feet, hands as well as nails, styling, relaxing/permanent waves, roll on, other (cream) and face.
Ceteareth 25 is non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).

Uses:
Ceteareth 25 is a polymer used in cosmetics formulations.
An oil-In-water emulsifier that can function in ointment, cream, gel and other cosmetics formulations.
Reagent in liquid crystal nanoparticle formulations as an oral drug delivery system for liver specific distributions.

Ceteareth 25 is widely used in creams and lotions, foundation and sunscreens.
Ceteareth 25 is used as a solubilizing agent, emulsifier, cleansing agent, and surfactant in personal care.
Ceteareth 25 is primarily used as an emulsifying agent.

Ceteareth 25 helps blend water and oil-based ingredients in cosmetic formulations, preventing them from separating.
This property is crucial in the production of creams, lotions, and other emulsion-based products.
Ceteareth 25 is often found in the formulation of creams and lotions, where the goal is to create a stable and well-textured product that combines the benefits of both water and oil components.

Ceteareth 25s are commonly used for moisturizing and hydrating the skin.
Ceteareth 25 is frequently used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and styling products.
Ceteareth 25 is emulsifying properties contribute to the even distribution of ingredients, providing benefits like conditioning and styling without leaving a greasy residue.

In hair styling products like gels and mousses, Ceteareth 25 helps maintain the desired texture and consistency.
Ceteareth 25 aids in the distribution of styling agents and contributes to the product's overall performance.
Due to its emulsifying capabilities, Ceteareth 25 is used in the formulation of shampoos and conditioners to ensure a homogeneous blend of water and oil-based ingredients, resulting in effective cleansing and conditioning.

Ceteareth 25 is commonly found in various skin care products, including cleansers, moisturizers, and serums.
Ceteareth 25 contributes to the formulation's stability, texture, and ease of application on the skin.
Ceteareth 25 can be present in a wide range of cosmetic formulations, contributing to the overall sensory experience of the product, such as its smoothness, spreadability, and absorption.

In addition to its cosmetic uses, Ceteareth-25 may find application in certain industrial processes where emulsification and stabilization of formulations are required.
Ceteareth 25 is used as a solubilizing agent, emulsifier, cleansing agent, and surfactant, it is a common ingredient in hair products such as pomades and conditioner.
In the chemical fiber industry, as one of the components of various chemical fiber spinning oils, Chemicalbook has good spinnability; as an emulsifier in the general industry, it has good emulsifying properties for animal, plant, and mineral oils, and the prepared emulsionIt is very stable.

Ceteareth 25 is sometimes included in the formulation of sunscreens.
Ceteareth 25 is emulsifying properties aid in creating stable emulsions for sunscreen lotions, ensuring even distribution of UV-blocking agents.
The stabilizing properties of Ceteareth 25 make it valuable in maintaining the stability of cosmetic formulations, especially those containing a mix of water and oil-based ingredients.

This contributes to the product's longevity and prevents undesirable changes over time.
In products that include essential oils, Ceteareth 25 can help disperse these oils evenly throughout the formulation, ensuring a consistent concentration of fragrance or therapeutic compounds.
Ceteareth 25 is effective in dispersing hydrophobic (water-repelling) ingredients into water-based formulations.

This makes it useful in a variety of cosmetic Ceteareth 25 where the combination of water and oil components is required.
Ceteareth 25 may be used in the formulation of cleansing products such as facial cleansers and body washes.
Ceteareth 25 is emulsifying properties aid in creating formulations that effectively remove dirt and impurities from the skin.

Given its mild nature and emulsifying capabilities, Ceteareth 25 is sometimes used in formulations for baby care products such as creams, lotions, and shampoos.
The emulsifying properties of Ceteareth 25 are beneficial in the formulation of shaving creams and gels, ensuring a smooth texture and allowing for easy application.
In certain medicated skincare products, Ceteareth 25 may be included to help deliver active ingredients evenly to the skin and enhance the overall performance of the product.

Compliance with Cosmetic Regulations: Cosmetic ingredients, including Ceteareth 25, need to comply with regulations set by various authorities.
Formulators often choose ingredients that meet safety standards and regulatory requirements in the regions where their products will be sold.
Ceteareth 25 can also be used to prepare household detergents, industrial detergents, and metal cleaners.

Ceteareth 25 can be used as a wetting agent in the textile industry.
Ceteareth 25 can be used as a component of emulsifiers in the pesticide industry.
Ceteareth 25 is used in the printing and dyeing industry as a leveling agent, retarding agent.

Ceteareth 25 makes the color firm, bright and beautiful.
Ceteareth 25 is often part of a broader mixture of emulsifiers and surfactants within a cosmetic formulation.
This allows formulators to achieve a balance of properties, such as stability, texture, and skin feel, tailored to the specific requirements of the product.

Ceteareth 25 is known for its compatibility with various cosmetic ingredients, including preservatives, antioxidants, and active compounds.
This makes it a versatile choice for formulators looking to create complex formulations with multiple beneficial components.
In addition to creams and lotions, Ceteareth 25 may be used in the formulation of gel-based products, providing the necessary emulsification for a stable and easily applicable gel texture.

Ceteareth 25 can contribute to the transparency of certain formulations.
In products where a clear or transparent appearance is desirable, such as some gels or serums, Ceteareth 25 may be chosen for its ability to maintain clarity.
While primarily an emulsifier, Ceteareth 25 may also contribute to the viscosity (thickness) of a product.

This can be beneficial in achieving a desired product texture, especially in formulations where a thicker consistency is preferred.
Ceteareth 25 is an ethoxylated compound, meaning it contains ethylene oxide units.
This ethoxylation process enhances the Ceteareth 25's surfactant properties and contributes to its emulsifying abilities.

Some ethoxylated compounds, including those in the Ceteareth 25 family, may undergo biodegradation under certain conditions.
This can be a consideration for formulators aiming to create products with environmental sustainability in mind.
Due to its versatility and widespread use, Ceteareth 25 can be found in a wide range of personal care products, contributing to the diversity of formulations available in the market.

Formulators often consider global trends in cosmetic science and consumer preferences when selecting ingredients.
Ceteareth 25's established use in cosmetic formulations aligns with industry trends focused on stability, efficacy, and a pleasant user experience.

Safety Profile:
While Ceteareth 25 is considered to be a mild and non-irritating emulsifier, individuals with sensitive skin may still experience irritation.
Ceteareth 25's advisable to perform a patch test before using products containing this ingredient extensively, especially for those with known sensitivities.
Avoid contact with eyes, as Ceteareth 25, like many surfactants, may cause eye irritation.

If accidental contact occurs, rinse eyes thoroughly with water.
The safety of Ceteareth 25 is often assessed within the context of the entire formulation.
The concentration of the ingredient and its interactions with other components can influence its safety profile.

Cosmetic formulations undergo rigorous safety testing to ensure they meet regulatory standards.
Ceteareth 25 is produced through ethoxylation, a process that involves treating fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide.

During this process, trace amounts of ethylene oxide or other byproducts may be present.
However, these byproducts are typically at very low levels and are subject to regulatory limits to ensure safety.

Synonyms:
Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated
Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated
(E)-18-ethoxyoctadec-3-ene
Alcohols C16-18, ethoxylated
Alcohols, C16-18 (even numbered), ethoxylated (1 - 2.5 moles EO)
Alcohols, C16-18 ethoxylated
Alcohols, C16-18, 2EO
ALCOHOLS, C16-18, ETHOXYLATED
Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated
Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated (CTS) (MAN)
ALCOHOLS, C16-18, ETHOXYLATED (EO=6, 11 + 20)
Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated, 5-20 EO
Alkyl alcohol ethoxylate
alpha-(C16-C18 Alkyl) omega-Hydroxy Poly(EO)
C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated
C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated (6 mol EO average molar ratio)
C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated(?)
C16~18 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether
CSA 06, CSA 11, CSA 20, CSA 25, CSA 30, CSA 80
Ethoxtlated fatty alcohol
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate
Polyethylene cetostearyl ether
Alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated
Alcools en C16-18 éthoxylés
Alfol 1618 + 14 EO; 14-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Alfonic 1618-46
Alfonic 1618-62
Alfonic 1618-80
Alkohole, C16-18, ethoxyliert
Alkyl polyglycol ether C16-18 with EO
Alkyl Polyglykolether C16-18 mit EO
Atlas G-4822; 12-EO
Berol 07
Berol TVM 065; 10-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
BF 4324; 20-EO
C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated
C16-18 alcs., ethoxylated
C16-18 fatty alcs., ethoxylated
C16-18 Fettalkohol + 50 EO; 50-EO
C16-18, ethoxylated alcs.
C16/18-Fettalkohol + 14 EO; 14-EO
C16/18-Fettalkohol + 6 EO; 6-EO
Cemulsol DB
Ceteareth
Ceteareth 20
Ceteareth 20 (INCI)
Ceteareth Series
Ceteareth-10
Ceteareth-10 (INCI)
Ceteareth-100
Ceteareth-100 (INCI)
Ceteareth-11
Ceteareth-11 (INCI)
Ceteareth-12
Ceteareth-12 (INCI)
Ceteareth-13
Ceteareth-13 (INCI)
Dehydol PTA 23; 25-EO
DEHYDOL PTA 40; 40-EO
Dehydol PTA 80/E; 25-EO
Dispercoll U VP KA 8758; 2-EO
DISPONIL 21 GESCH; 20-EO
Disponil 21 Geschuppt; 20-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Disponil 21; 20-EO
Disponil B 1; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Disponil B 2; 20-EO
DISPONIL B 3 GESCH; 30-EO
Disponil B 3 geschuppt; 30-EO
Disponil B 3; 30-EO
EMPILAN K M 20; 20-EO
Empilan KM 11
Empilan KM 15
Empilan KM 20
Empilan KM 25; 25-EO
Emulgator E 2209; 30-EO
Emulgin B 1
Emulgin B2
Ethal CSA 10
Ethal CSA 17
Ethoxylated alcohols, C16-18
Ethoxylated C16-18 alcs.
Ethoxylated cetostearyl alcohol
Eumulgin
EUMULGIN 535; 6-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Eumulgin B 1
EUMULGIN B 1 FEST; 12-EO
EUMULGIN B 1 FL.; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
EUMULGIN B 1 U; 12-EO
Eumulgin B 1 Vorprodukt; 12-EO
Eumulgin B 1; 12-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Eumulgin B 2
EUMULGIN B 2 GESCHUPPT; 20-EO; 98% Active Matter; active substance
EUMULGIN B 2 U GESCHUPPT; 20-EO
EUMULGIN B 2 U W; 20-EO
EUMULGIN B 2 U; 20-EO
Eumulgin B 2 Vorprodukt; 20-EO
Eumulgin B 2; 20-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Eumulgin B 3
Eumulgin B 3 flaked; 30-EO
EUMULGIN B 3 FLS; 30-EO
Eumulgin B 3 gesch.; 30-EO
Eumulgin B 3 geschuppt; 30-EO
EUMULGIN B 3 U; 30-EO
Eumulgin B 3 Vorprodukt; 30-EO
EUMULGIN B 3; 30-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
EUMULGIN B-2 FLAKES; 20-EO
EUMULGIN B2 FLAKED; 20-EO
Eumulgin C 1000
Eumulgin C 700
Eumulgin CS 3
Eumulgin CS 6; 6-EO
Eumulgin D 2; 2-EO
Eumulgin KJ-10
F 568; 20-EO
FA + 12 EO, C16-18; 12-EO
FA + 14 EO, Talg C16-18; 14-EO
FA + 20 EO, C16-18; 20-EO
FA + 25 EO, C16-18; 25-EO
FA + 30 EO, C16-18; 30-EO
FA + 5 EO, Talg C16-18; 5-EO
FA + 50 EO, C16-18 (gemahlen); 50-EO
FA + 6 EO, C16-18; 6-EO
FA + 80 EO, Talg; 80-EO
FA, C16-18, + 8 EO; 8-EO
FA-C16-18 + EO
FA-C16-18, ethoxylated
FA-C16-18, ethoxyliert
FAEO C16-18 + 10EO (NRE); 10-EO (NRE)
FAEO C16-18 + 10EO; 10-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 11EO; 11-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 12EO; 12-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 13EO; 13-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 14EO; 14-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 15EO; 15-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 16EO; 16-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 20EO; 20-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 25EO; 25-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 26EO; 26-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 2EO; 2-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 30EO; 30-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 33EO; 33-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 3EO; 3-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 40EO; 40-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 4EO; 4-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 50EO; 50-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 5EO; 5-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 6EO; 6-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 80EO; 80-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 8EO; 8-EO
FAEO C16-18 + 9EO; 9-EO
FAEO C16-18 + nEO; n-EO
Fatty alcs., C16-18, ethoxylated
Fettalkohol+3-EO; 3-EO
Fettalkohol-C16/18-30 EO
Fettalkohole, C16-18 + EO
Fettalkohole, C16-18, ethoxyliert
Findet 1618 A 72 P; 60-EO
G 3816
Genapol T 080; 8-EO
GENAPOL T 110 FLS; 11-EO
Genapol T 110; 11-EO
Genapol T 250 P; 25-EO
Genapol T 250; 25-EO
Genapol T 500 gemahlen; 50-EO
Genapol T 500 P; 50-EO
Genapol T 500; 50-EO
Genapol T-250 Pulver; 25-EO
Genapol T-500 Pulver; 50-EO
Genapol T-800; 80-EO
GENAPOL TP 1653 M-2
Hostacerin T 3
Hydrenol D + 10 EO (NRE); 10-EO (NRE); 100% Active Matter; active substance
Hydrenol D + 10 EO; 10-EO; 100% Active Matter; active substance
Imbentin AG 168/060
Imbentin AG 168/090
Imbentin AG 168/200
Imbentin AG 168S030
Imbentin AG 168S110
Imbentin AG 168S300
INTERMEDIO KJ-73; 20-EO
INTERMEDIO KJ-74; 30-EO
CETEARETH-6
68439-49-6
BRIJ CS6
CETEARETH 6
CETEARETH 6 [VANDF]
CETEARETH-6 [INCI]
MACROGOL 6 CETOSTEARYL ETHER
PEG-6 CETYL/STEARYL ETHER
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 CETYL/STEARYL ETHER
PROCOL CS-6
2RJS3559D3
CETEARETH 50
CETEARETH 50 = C16-18 ALCOHOLS,ETHOXYLATED (50 MOL EO AVERAGE MOLAR RATIO)


CAS Number: 68439-49-6
EC Number: 500-212-8
Chem/IUPAC Name: C16-18 ALCOHOLS,ETHOXYLATED (50 MOL EO AVERAGE MOLAR RATIO)
Classification: Ethoxylated compound , Nonionic surfactant
Molecular Formula:C18H38O




Ceteareth 50 is supplied as white to slightly yellowish wax-like flakes or pellets with a faint characteristic odor.
Ceteareth 50 is a nonionic, self-emulsifying base and consistency giving factor for cosmetic O/W emulsions including hair coloring, and is suitable for low viscous systems.
Ceteareth-50 is a nonionic surfactant prepared from cetyl and stearyl alcohol and 50 moles of ethylene oxide.
Ceteareth 50 makes it possible to create oil-in-water type emulsions.


Ceteareth-50 is a polyethylene glycol ether of Cetearyl Alcohol (q.v.).
Ceteareth-50 is an emulsifier of various origins.
Ceteareth-50 is a nonionic surfactant made from cetyl and stearyl alcohol and 50 moles of ethylene oxide.
It also features key factors that are responsible for boosting or upsetting the market growth and for the assuring opportunities in the global Ceteareth-50 Industry.


The polyethylene glycol ethers of cetearyl alcohol are called ceteareths.
The INCI names ceteareth-n (where n is a number) refer to polyoxyethylene ethers of a mixture of high molecular mass saturated fatty alcohols, mainly cetyl alcohol (m = 15) and stearyl alcohol (m = 17).
The number n indicates the average number of ethylene oxide residues in the polyoxyethylene chain.
These compounds are non-ionic surfactants that work by attracting both water and oil at the same time, frequently used as emulsifiers in soaps and cosmetics.


Ceteareth compounds are fatty alcohols made from a mixture of cetearyl alcohol and ethylene oxide.
The number in the ingredient name refers to the number of ethylene oxide molecules.
The ingredient is mostly used as an emollient and emulsifier, as well as a mixing and thickening agent in cosmetics.
There is some controversy as to how safe the ingredient is.
"Ceteareth-" refers to a PEG (polyethylene glycol) ether of cetearyl alcohol. The number after "ceteareth-" indicates the average number of molecular units -CH2-CH2-O-.


Ceteareths (Ceteareth-2, Ceteareth-3, Ceteareth-4, Ceteareth-5, Ceteareth-6, Ceteareth-7, Ceteareth-8, Ceteareth-9, Ceteareth-10, Ceteareth-11, Ceteareth-12, Ceteareth-13, Ceteareth-14, Ceteareth-15, Ceteareth-16, Ceteareth-17, Ceteareth-18, Ceteareth-20, Ceteareth-22, Ceteareth-23, Ceteareth-24, Ceteareth-25, Ceteareth-27, Ceteareth-28, Ceteareth-29, Ceteareth-30, Ceteareth-33, Ceteareth-34, Ceteareth-40, Ceteareth-50, Ceteareth-55, Ceteareth-60, Ceteareth-80, Ceteareth-100) are liquids to waxy solids.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Ceteareth ingredients are used in skin care products, moisturizers, hair conditioners, suntan and indoor tanning products and hair dyes, colors, and tints.


Ceteareths are made from cetearyl alcohol, which is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohol, and ethylene oxide.
The numerical value represents the average number of molecules of ethylene oxide added to generate the specific Ceteareth ingredient.
For example, Ceteareth-2 is made by reacting Cetearyl Alcohol with an average of 2 molecules of ethylene oxide.

List of ceteareth compounds:
Ceteareth-2
Ceteareth-3
Ceteareth-4
Ceteareth-5
Ceteareth-6
Ceteareth-7
Ceteareth-8
Ceteareth-9
Ceteareth-10
Ceteareth-11
Ceteareth-12
Ceteareth-13
Ceteareth-15
Ceteareth-16
Ceteareth-17
Ceteareth-18
Ceteareth-20
Ceteareth-22
Ceteareth-23
Ceteareth-25
Ceteareth-27
Ceteareth-28
Ceteareth-29
Ceteareth-30
Ceteareth-33
Ceteareth-34
Ceteareth-40
Ceteareth-50
Ceteareth-55
Ceteareth-60
Ceteareth-80
Ceteareth-100



USES and APPLICATIONS of CETEARETH 50:
Ceteareth 50 is used emulsion-based cosmetic products like creams, lotions (especially sprayable lotions), foundations, hair conditioners and sunscreen products
Ceteareth 50 is used in cosmetics as a surfactant and emulsifier.
Ceteareth 50 is used in cosmetics as a surfactant and emulsifier.
Ceteareth 50 enables the production of oil-in-water emulsions.


Ceteareth-50 is used in cosmetic products as emulsifier and surfactant.
Ceteareths-50 to -100, cleanses the skin and hair by helping water mix with oil and dirt so these substances dissolve they can rinse.
Ceteareth 50 is used HAIR CARE, Hair dyes, SKIN CARE, Body care, Skin moisturizer, Cleanser, Sun Care, Mother and baby, Hair care, Hair color, Bath and Body.
Ceteareth 50 helps to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.


Ceteareth 50 helps other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve and clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that these substances can be rinsed away.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Ceteareth 50 ingredients are used in skin care products, moisturizers, hair conditioners, suntan and indoor tanning products and hair dyes, colours, and tints.
Further, Ceteareth 50 has great cleansing and foaming properties as well.


-Cosmetic Uses of Ceteareth 50:
*cleansing agents
*surfactants
*surfactant - emulsifying
*Emulsifier, Surfactant


-Application & Functionality of Ceteareth 50 is used:
*Surfactant
*Solubilizing agent
*Dispersing agent
*Thickener
*Binder for granulation


-Function of Ceteareth 50 in cosmetics:
*CLEANSING: Cleans skin, hair or teeth
*TENSID (EMULSIFYING) - EMULGATOR: Allows the formation of finely divided mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)
*TENSID (CLEANING): Detergent substance for cleaning skin, hair and/or teeth



WHAT DOES CETEARETH-50 DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Cleansing
*Emulsifying
*Surfactant



FUNCTIONS OF CETEARETH-50:
*Cleaning agent:
Helps keep a surface clean
*Emulsifying agent:
Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)
*Surfactant:
Reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product during use



FUNCTIONS OF CETEARETH-50 IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS
*CLEANING:
Cleans skin, hair or teeth
*TENSID (EMULSIFYING) - EMULGATOR:
Allows the formation of finely divided mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)
*SURFACTANT (CLEANING):
Detergent substance for cleaning skin, hair and/or teeth



WHY IS CETEARETH-50 IN COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS?
Ceteareth-2 to -18, and Ceteareth-22, help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.
Ceteareth-22 is also used to decrease the thickness of liquid cosmetics and personal care products.
Ceteareth-20 to -40 help other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve, and along with Ceteareths-50 to -100, clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that these substances can be rinsed away.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CETEARETH 50:
Appearance Form: crystalline
Color: white
Odor: characteristic
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: 5,0 - 7,0 at 100 g/l at 20 °C
Melting point/freezing point:
Drop point: ca.47 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: 243 °C
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability explosive limits or: No data available

Vapor pressure: < 0,1 hPa at 20 °C
Vapor density: No data available
Density: 1,0 g/cm3 at 60 °C - DIN 51757
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: 100 g/l at 20 °C - soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: > 200 °C
Decomposition temperature > 300 °C -
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: ca.70 mPa.s at 60 °C

Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Appearance at 25ºC Solid/Waxy flakes
Acid value mg KOH/gm max: 1
Color apha: 100
Hydroxyl value mg KOH/gm: 20-26
% Moisture content by KF: 1
pH: 6-8



FIRST AID MEASURES of CETEARETH 50:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled.
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a
physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CETEARETH 50:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CETEARETH 50:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CETEARETH 50:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CETEARETH 50:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CETEARETH 50:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Alcohol C16 C18 ethoxylated, Fatty alcohol ethoxylate
CETEARETH-50
CETEARETH-50 [INCI]
EMPILAN KM50/FK
GENAPOL T 500 P
HETOXOL CS-50
PROCOL CS-50
ROLFOR HT 50
SABOWAX CS 50
CETEARETH 80
Ceteareth 80 is an oil-in-water emulsifier that is used for the production of ointments, creams, liquid emulsions, gels and other cosmetic formulations.
Ceteareth 80 is supplied in the form of free-flowing, non-dusting micro-granules, and is an efficient protective colloid that can increase the stability of dispersed systems.
Ceteareth 80 is intended for use in R&D only.

CAS: 68439-49-6
MF: C18H38O
MW: 0
EINECS: 939-518-5

The INCI names ceteareth-n (where n is a number) refer to polyoxyethylene ethers of a mixture of high molecular mass saturated fatty alcohols, mainly cetyl alcohol (m = 15) and stearyl alcohol (m = 17).
The number n indicates the average number of ethylene oxide residues in the polyoxyethylene chain.
These compounds are non-ionic surfactants that work by attracting both water and oil at the same time, frequently used as emulsifiers in soaps and cosmetics.
Ceteareth 80 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).

Ceteareth 80 is available as a white, waxy solid.
Ceteareth 80 is used as an emulsifier in oil/water emulsions.
Ceteareth 80 is compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients, is a very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems, and can be combined with other emulsifiers, optimal use with gel-forming thickeners.
Compared to Ceteareth-20, Ceteareth-25 has a bit more gel-forming and thickening properties.
Its chemical formula is C18H38O.

Ceteareth 80 Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 330-400℃ at 101kPa
Density: 0.87g/cm3 at 21℃
Vapor pressure: 0-5Pa at 20℃
Fp: 243℃
Solubility: H2O: 1 g/10 mL, clear, colorless
Form: Notspecified
Odor: at 100.00?%. mild waxy
LogP: 5.91-8.43 at 22-25℃ and pH5.25-7
Surface tension: 67.5mN/m at 6.6mg/L and 25℃
EPA Substance Registry System: Ceteareth 80 (68439-49-6)

Uses
Ceteareth 80 is a polymer used in cosmetics formulations.
An oil-In-water emulsifier that can function in ointment, cream, gel and other cosmetics formulations.
Reagent in liquid crystal nanoparticle formulations as an oral drug delivery system for liver specific distributions.
Ceteareth 80 is used as a solubilizing agent, emulsifier, cleansing agent, and surfactant in personal care.

As surfactant: Ceteareth 80 effectively removes impurities and dirt from the surface of the skin and hair.
The particles of Ceteareth 80 surround the contaminants, which detach from the cleaned surface and are then washed away.
Ceteareth 80 is also an effective foaming agent.
In addition, Ceteareth 80 is responsible for the stabilization of foam and improves its quality in a mixture with anionic surfactants.

As emulsifier: Due to Ceteareth 80's strong hydrophilic nature, Ceteareth-25 is perfect for creating oil-in-water emulsions.
Due to its very good emulsifying properties, Ceteareth 80 can be used for the preparation of emulsions at room temperature

As solubilizer: Ceteareth 80 enables the incorporation of hardly soluble or water-insoluble ingredients into an aqueous solution, such as fatty substances, plant extracts or fragrances.
Ceteareth 80 has a strong softening, moisturizing and conditioning effect.
Ceteareth 80 reduces the itching and peeling of skin.
Ceteareth 80 maintains the level of moisture at the right level by creating an occlusive layer on the surface of the hair and skin, which prevents excessive evaporation of water.

Synonyms
(C16-C18) Alkyl alcohol ethoxylate
AliphaticC16-18-alcohol,ethoxylated
C16-18-Alkylalcohol,ethoxylate
C16-18-Alkylalcoholethoxylate
cremophor¨a25
ethoxylatedfattyalcohols(c16-18)
CETEARETH-2
CETEARETH-3
CETEARETH-12
Ceteareth-12; T/N: Unimul B-1; T/N: Emulgin B1; Polyoxyethylene Cetearyl Ether; Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol; Chemonic CT-12; Jeecol CS-12; Ceterayl Alcohol and Ceteareth-12; Polyoxyethylene Ether of Cetyl/Stearyl Alcohol cas no:68439-49-6
CETEARETH-20
Ceteareth – 20 [ UnicolC20 ]; Chemonic CT-20; Lumulse CS-20; Hetoxol CS-20; Ceterayl Alcohol and Ceteareth-20; Polyoxyethylene Ether of Cetyl/Stearyl Alcohol cas no: 68439-49-6
CETEARETH-20
Ceteareth-20 is white pellets of non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fats (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth-20 has no odour and can be mixed with a wide variety of oils from fully natural to synthetic.
Ceteareth-20 is an emulsifying agent that is found in a range of skin care and hair care products.


CAS Number: 68439-49-6
Chem/IUPAC Name: C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated (20 mol EO average molar ratio)


This emulsifying wax, Ceteareth-20, is a vegetable based emulsifier used for combining oil and water in recipes for lotions, creams, and other cosmetics.
Ceteareth-20 is derived from plant-based alcohols and derivatives.
Ceteareth-20 is emulsified and stabilized and produced from the reduction of plant oils and natural waxes.


Ceteareth-20 is a glycol ether derived from a blend of natural cetyl and stearyl alcohols (from coconut oil), and Cetearyl Alcohol, emulsified and stabilized and produced from the reduction of plant oils and natural waxes.
Ceteareth-20 is a high quality, readily emulsifiable product.


Ceteareth-20 consists of a defined proportion of Cetearyl Alcohol (common name Cetostearyl Alcohol or Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol) and Ceteareth-20.
Ceteareth-20 is a good all round emulsifier to produce o/w emulsions which are compatible with a large range of oils.
Ceteareth-20 is an emulsifying agent that is found in a range of skin care and hair care products.


Ceteareth-20's special properties help to keep skin and hair smooth, soft, and supple.
Ceteareth-20 appears white in color and is an odorless compound that attracts both oil and water, thus keeping the formulations together and stabilizing them.
Additionally, Ceteareth-20 works well with almost all the other ingredients and is safe for all skin types.


Ceteareth-20 is a non-ionic compound that is made by reacting Cetearyl alcohol with twenty molecules of ethylene oxide.
The number written along with Ceteareth-20 actually represents the number of ethylene oxide molecules that are added when making it.
Ceteareth-20 is a synthetic compound that is made in the labs and the process is known as ethoxylation.


Ceteareth-20 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
HLB value of Ceteareth-20 is 15-17 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).
Universal emulsifier to make o/w emulsions, compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients.


Ceteareth-20 is very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems.
Ceteareth-20 can be combined with other emulsifiers.
Ceteareth-20 is the polyethylene glycol ether of cetearyl alcohol; may contain potentially toxic impurities such as 1,4-dioxane.


Ceteareth-20 is a good all round emulsifier which is compatible with a large range of oils.
Ceteareth-20 gives a good shine and silkiness to your finished product
Ceteareth-20 flakes is a non-ionic surfactant (INCI: Ceteareth-20).


Ceteareth-20 is a white solid available in the form of flakes with a waxy consistency.
The solidification point of Ceteareth-20 is about 40°C.
Ceteareth-20 is non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).


HLB value of Ceteareth-20 15-17 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).
Ceteareth is a fatty alcohol which is made from Cetearyl Alcohol (a combination of cetyl and stearyl alcohol) and ethylene oxide.
The numeric value along with it denotes the number of ethylene oxide molecules added to it to generate that particular Ceteareth ingredient.


For example, Ceteareth 20 is made by combining 20 molecules of ethylene oxide to Cetearyl Alcohol.
Ceteareth 20 is also known to be the polyethylene glycol ether of Cetearyl Alcohol.
These compounds are nonionic surfactants which attract both water and oil at the same time.


Ceteareth-20 is an ether of fatty alcohols like Stearyl Alcohol or cetyl that are highly saturated.
Ceteareth 20 is nonionic polyoxyethylene that is odourless and is available in the form of pellets of white colour.
Ceteareth-20 is excellent cleansing properties make it one of the valuable additions in skin and hair cleansing applications.


Ceteareth-20 is a fatty (non-irritating) alcohol that plays various roles in skin care formulations.
Ceteareth-20 has a track record of safe use in cosmetics and is backed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel.
Their most recent report (at the time of this writing) looked at products containing up to 11% ceteareth-20.


Ceteareth-20 is white waxy solid or flakes with a bland odor.
Ceteareth-20 is emulsifying water and oil phase, ideal for formulations with a low pH.
Does not require the aid of other emulsifiers, and Ceteareth-20 has high electrolyte tolerance.


Ceteareth-20 is a fatty alcohol, comprised of cetyl and stearyl alcohol, which are naturally-derived fatty acids from coconut oil.
An emollient and emulsifier, Ceteareth-20, used to stabilize oil and water mixtures, our ceteareth-20 has been purified of 1,4-dioxane and ethylene oxide.
Ceteareth-20 is a ‘fatty alcohol’.


Ceteareths are made from cetearyl alcohol, a blend of cetyl and stearyl alcohol, which are natural fatty acids from coconut oil, and ethylene oxide.
Ceteareth-20 is a nonionic emulsifier that is ethoxylated Cetearyl alcohol compounded with Cetearyl alcohol.
Ceteareth-20's excellent stability at pH levels of 3-12 makes it particularly useful in applications such as depilatories.


Also, due to Ceteareth-20's viscosity-building properties, this is recommended for use in hair relaxers and conditioners.
Ceteareth-20 is non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fatty alcohols (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).
Ceteareth-20 is white pellets, no odor.


Ceteareth-20 dissolves in water & alcohol to form a colloid solution. Ceteareth-20 can be mixed with mineral, vegetable or synthetic fats and oils.
HLB value of Ceteareth-20 is 15-17 (gives oil-in-water emulsions).



USES and APPLICATIONS of CETEARETH-20:
Ceteareth-20 can be used alone or best combined with other emulsifiers to help stabilise the emulsion.
Ceteareth-20 has broad pH stability and finds application as an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion base.
Ceteareth-20 may be used as the primary or secondary emulsifier in a wide variety of lotions, creams and pastes.


Because it is not an ester and is nonionic, Ceteareth-20 can be used in systems far from neutral pH, such as hair relaxers, depilatories, creme lotion developers, and AHA skin care creams.
Ceteareth-20 is dispersible in hot water and is typically utilized at 1 to 2.5% when utilized as a co-emulsifier and at up to 10% of the finished product composition when it is the sole emulsifier.


Store in sealed packages at temperatures not exceeding 90°F (32°C) to minimize caking and prevent liquefaction.
Ceteareth-20 is used for viscosity regulation.
Ceteareth-20 is used creams, lotions, serums, foundations, hair conditioners


Ceteareth-20 is used all kinds of emulsion-based cosmetic products like creams, lotions (especially sprayable lotions), foundations, hair conditioners, sunscreen products.
Ceteareth-20 is a derivative based on renewable vegetable raw materials and is used mainly in cosmetic applications.
Ceteareth-20 is considered to be a universal emulsifier which produces o/w emulsion which is known to be compatible with a wide variety of oils.


Ceteareth-20 can be used alone or along with other emulsifiers to help stabilize the formulation.
Ceteareth-20's emollient property helps to keep your skin soft and smooth.
Ceteareth-20 also makes your hair silky and shiny.


Ceteareth-20 adds thickness by increasing the viscosity of the product formula, making your product look rich and creamy.
Ceteareth-20 works best with gel-forming thickeners, hence extensively used in facial serums and hair gels.
Ceteareth-20 acts as a protective colloid which helps to stabilize all kinds of dispersed active ingredients.


Ceteareth 20 acts as a surfactant in your skincare and hair care products.
The main function of a surfactant is to lower the surface tension between 2 liquids or solid-liquid, which allows them to mix together such as water and grime-dirt.
This action is responsible for the cleansing property in your shampoos, conditioners, soaps, skin cleansers, body washes, face washes etc.


Ceteareth 20 is used alone or it can also be used along with other emulsifiers for providing stability to the formulation.
Ceteareth-20 helps to bind all the active ingredients together in your skincare and haircare formulations, thereby making your formula more stable.
As Ceteareth 20 prevents the active ingredients in the formula from separating, it aids in the even application of the products, which helps to enhance the product performance.


The Cetearyl alcohol in the Ceteareth 20 is derived from natural oil (cetyl and stearyl alcohol) which helps to add thickness to the product, providing stability to the product formulation and is responsible for its emollient property.
These are some of the beneficial properties of Ceteareth 20, due to which it is extensively being used in the production of many skincare and hair care products you use daily.


Ceteareth-20 is considered to be a key ingredient in many surfactant-based formulations.
Ceteareth 20 is considered to be a key ingredient in all kinds of emulsion-based products, hence used in many bath products, toiletries and personal care products.
Ceteareth-20 acts as an excellent emulsifier, surfactant and exhibits emollient properties.


Its emollient property makes Ceteareth-20 an ideal choice in creams, moisturizing lotions, anti-ageing creams, shampoos, conditions, hair gels and serums.
Due to its emulsifying property, Ceteareth-20 is used in many skincare products such as facial moisturizers, skin cleansers, sunscreens, exfoliators, acne treatment ointments and in many popular hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, hair sprays, hair dyes.


Ceteareth-20 is very effective in treating various dry skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.
Ceteareth 20 is used in the treatment, control and prevention of the various skin conditions such as diaper rashes.
Ceteareth-20 is effectively used in the treatment of skin burns from radiation therapy.


These are some of the best uses of Ceteareth 20.
Ceteareth-20 acts as an excellent emulsifier, surfactant and exhibits emollient properties.
This is why Ceteareth-20 is increasingly being used in major skincare, haircare and personal care products.
Emulsifying wax, Ceteareth-20, is used for combining oil and water in recipes for lotions, creams, and other cosmetics.


Ceteareth-20 is derived from both plant and synthetic sources.
To use, add approximately 4-5% by weight to your recipe.
Add into the oil phase and heat until melted.


Ceteareth-20 is heat tolerant but it is best to keep your oil phase to between 70-80C.
Ceteareth-20 usually acts as an emollient and emulsifying agent in many skin care and hair care formulations.
Ceteareth-20 is formulated in combination with fatty acids and other alcohols to add thickness to the formulation and it also helps other active ingredients dissolve in the solvent.


Ceteareth 20 is odourless and can be mixed with natural as well as synthetic oils.
Ceteareth-20 is used all kinds of emulsion-based cosmetic products like creams, lotions (especially sprayable lotions), foundations, hair conditioners, sunscreen products.
Ceteareth-20 can be used as a surfactant (cleansing agent) or to thicken/enhance the product’s consistency.


Ceteareth-20 can also be used to help other ingredients in a formula solubilize and stay mixed together/stable, which contributes to efficacy.
Ceteareth-20 acts as an emollient and emulsifying agent in many skin care and hair care formulations.
Ceteareth-20 is formulated in combination with fatty acids and other alcohols to add thickness to the formulation and it also helps other active ingredients dissolve in the solvent.


Ceteareth-20 is used in personal care products, including hair dye, facial moisturiser, hair conditioner, sunscreen, acne treatments, exfoliants, cleansers, and anti-aging treatments.
Ceteareth-20 is derived from the glycol ether of cetearyl alcohol.


Ceteareth-20 is odourless and may be mixed with natural, as well as synthetic oils.
This makes Ceteareth-20 an excellent emulsifying agent that is commonly used in skin and hair care products.
The number in the name of Ceteareth emulsifiers refers to the average number of ethylene oxide molecules added.


Ceteareth 20 functions as both a surfactant and an emulsifier and is able to both thicken personal care products and help all the ingredients in the formulation stay together, improving the texture of the product and increasing its shelf life.
This fatty alcohol also acts as a penetration enhancer which alters the skin structure, allowing substances to penetrate deeper into the skin.


Emulsifying wax, Ceteareth-20, is a vegetable-based emulsifier used for combining oil and water in recipes for lotions, creams, and other cosmetics.
Ceteareth-20 is derived from plant-based alcohols and derivatives.
Ceteareth-20 functions as an emollient and emulsifier.


Ceteareth-20's usually used in conjunction with other alcohols and fatty acids, working to thicken a solution and help other ingredients dissolve in a solvent.
Ceteareth-20 also functions as a nonionic stabilizer in oil in water emulsions.
Ceteareth-20 is one of the most common emollients used in cosmetics, and you can find it in products such as hair dye, facial moisturizer, anti-aging treatment, conditioner, cleanser, sunscreen, exfoliant/scrub, depilatory cream and acne treatment.


Ceteareth-20 is widely used in the cosmetic industry.
Ceteareth-20 is especially used as an emulsifier in hair creams, personal care products, skin care and face care creams and lotions.
Ceteareth-20 also finds use in forming microemulsions and as an emulsifier in perfumes.


Ceteareth-20 works in a wide PH range.
Therefore, Ceteareth-20 is an important emulsifier in hot processes.
Cetearyl Alcohol is used in cosmetics as a stabilizer to thicken an emulsion and keep it from separating, and as a foaming agent.


Ceteareth-20 is soluble in both alcohol and water and is often used to give a colloidal structure to the solution.
The HLB value of Ceteareth-20 ranges between 15 and 17, and it is used in the making of oil-in-water emulsions.
Ceteareth-20 is an effective emulsifier and surfactant and also possesses emollient properties.


Ceteareth-20 can be used as a cleansing agent in cosmetic products.
Ceteareth-20 can be combined with synthetic and vegetable oils and minerals.
Ceteareth-20 helps in the production of emulsions by decreasing the surface tension of ingredients that are needed to be emulsified.


Ceteareth-20 also proves to be effective in reducing the viscosity or thickness of solutions used to make personal care products and liquid formulas.
Ceteareth-20 also helps other cosmetic raw materials to dissolve quickly in solvents.
Creams, gels, foundations, lotions, sunscreen applications, conditioners, and different types of products that are emulsion based contain Ceteareth-20.


Ceteareth-20 is a surfactant, surfactant (nonionic), emulsifier (o/w), cleansing agent, emulsifier, solubilizer used in personal care-personal hygiene,” other personal hygiene applications, baby care, color cosmetics, hair care, nail care, skin care, personal care-personal hygiene,” wipes, tissue & towel applications.


-Skin care:
Ceteareth-20 is a great emollient that works on the skin to make it smoother and softer.
Ceteareth-20 also stabilizes the formulations by helping to bind together water-based and oil-based ingredients


-Hair care:
In hair care products, Ceteareth-20 is responsible for providing moisture to the scalp and keeping it well hydrated.
In turn, the hair grows shinier and healthier, while the scalp is free from itchiness.
Ceteareth-20 also provides the required thickness to hair


-Cosmetic products:
Ceteareth-20 is used to provide texture and improve the look of the products.
Ceteareth-20 is an excellent surfactant that lowers the surface tension of the formulations and helps stabilize them


-Cosmetic Uses: cleansing agents
surfactants
surfactant - emulsifying


-Body Butter
High emollient, exfoliating, emulsifying, and viscosity-increasing properties of ceteareth 20 make it an essential ingredient in preparing body butter and conditioners.
Ceteareth-20 can be exceptionally beneficial for the skin.


-Moisturizer
Ceteareth 20 is an excellent emulsifier.
You can use Ceteareth-20 in the formulation of moisturizers.
Ceteareth-20 would act as an efficient emulsifier and bind the water and oil together, thereby formulating a best-in-class moisturizer.


-Skin Cleanser
Ceteareth 20 can be used to prepare highly efficient skin cleansers due to its effective surfactant properties.
Ceteareth-20 attracts the oil, dirt, and grime accumulated on your skin and helps wash them away.


-Hair Care Products
Ceteareth 20 has fabulous emollient properties that help add moisture to your hair and make it silky and shiny.
Ceteareth-20 keeps your scalp healthy by hydrating, thereby preventing dry and itchy scalp.


-Anti-inflammatory
Ceteareth 20 is highly effective in treating redness, inflammation, and skin conditions like eczema, cold sores, and rosacea.
Ceteareth-20 can also aid in relieving skin conditions like psoriasis, hives, and rashes.


-Shower Gels:
Ceteareth 20 aids in increasing the viscosity of a formulation and works excellently for gel-forming thickeners.
You can use Ceteareth-20 in the preparation of facial serums and shower gels.


-For your face and body:
Enjoy every drop of your body butters and hemp cream, as the texture, performance and richness are consistent, right to the bottom of the jar – no stirring required!


-For your special lotions:
Consistency, consistency, consistency.
Get the same quality products, from the top of the bottle right to the bottom.
Aaaaah, the relief!


-Products to Use in:
*Moisture Cream
*Moisture Lotion
*Body Butter
*Cleanser
*Face Mask
*Skin Peels
*Shower Gel
*Shampoo
*Conditioner


-Applications of Ceteareth-20:
*shampoos, conditioners, serums, hair masks,
*hair colour products,
*hair gels,
*creams for hands, feet, body,
*eye creams,
*anti-wrinkle creams,
*sunscreens,
*after shave creams,
*self-tanning products,
*balms, lotions (including for children),
*preparations for washing face and body,
*anti-acne preparations,
*make-up base, foundation,
*mascaras, eyeliners,
*make-up removers,
*depilatory preparations.



WHAT DOES CETEARETH-20 DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Cleansing
*Emollient
*Emulsifying
*Surfactant



BENEFITS OF CETEARETH-20:
*Universal emulsifier to make o/w emulsions, compatible with all kinds of oils & active ingredients
*Very effective protective colloid that stabilizes all kinds of dispersed systems
*Can be combined with other emulsifiers
*Optimal use with gel-forming thickeners



FUNCTIONS OF CETEARETH-20:
Effective proprietary emulsifier blend for oil-in-water formulations. Contains cetearyl alcohol & ceteareth-20.
Ceteareth-20 forms highly stable emulsions with excellent appearance and feel, compatible with a wide range of ingredients and pH.
Ceteareth-20 is soluble in oil phase of formulation.
Ceteareth-20 is used in creams, lotions, cream-gels, foundations, and hair conditioners.



BENEFITS OF CETEARETH-20:
Ceteareth 20 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher fatty alcohols.
Ceteareth 20 is a white coloured, odourless compound which can be combined with a large variety of oils both natural as well as synthetic.
Ceteareth 20 is a chemical compound which is used extensively in many skincare, hair care and personal care formulations.
Ceteareth 20 is added in most of the cosmetic products not because it is directly beneficial to your skin or hair in any way, but because of its composition and functions.
Due to its incredible properties, Ceteareth 20 has secured a prominent place in the beauty industry.
Let us take a closer look at the benefits of Ceteareth 20.



ADVANTAGES OF CETEARETH-20:
*effective emollient and conditioning agent in cosmetics for washing and care of skin and hair,
*modifier of rheological properties (improves the consistency of preparations),
*oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion stabilizer,
*safe product, does not cause allergic reactions,
*based on renewable vegetable raw materials.



CETEARETH-20 AT A GLANCE:
*Fatty (non-irritating) alcohol often used to thicken/enhance the texture of skin care formulas
*Can also be used as a surfactant (cleansing agent)
*Helps other ingredients in a formula stay mixed together/stable
*Track record of safety backed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel



BENEFITS OF CETEARETH-20:
• Works as a penetration enhancer
• Emulsifies and stabilises the products
• Adds viscosity to the formulation
• Acts as an excellent surfactant in cosmetic products



FUNCTIONS OF CETEARETH-20 IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*CLEANSING:
Cleans skin, hair or teeth
*SURFACTANT - CLEANSING:
Surface-active agent to clean skin, hair and / or teeth
*SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING:
Allows the formation of finely dispersed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)



CETEARETH-20 BENEFITS:
*Stabilizer:
Cetearyl-20 is often used to stabilize various dispersed systems as it acts as a protective colloid.
Ceteareth-20 is also useful as a thickener in gels and other solutions where colloidal consistency is expected from the final product.

*Easily Blends:
Ceteareth-20 stabilizes emulsions when blended with other emulsifiers like glyceryl stearate and It is considered to be a key ingredient.
Ceteareth-20 can be used along with different types of oils and active substances as well.

*Penetration Capacity:
Natural ceteareth-20 functions as an emollient, surfactant and emulsifier.
Due to its high penetration capacity might not be wise to use products containing Ceteareth-20, especially if you have dry, sensitive, or damaged skin.

*Binding Properties:
Ceteareth 20 can be used with emulsifiers to provide stability to a formulation.
Ceteareth-20 helps in binding the active ingredients together in skincare and haircare formulations, thereby stabilizing your formula.

*Product Enhancing:
Ceteareth 20 helps prevent the active ingredients in the formula from separating and aids in the even, effective and efficient application of the products, thereby enhancing the product's performance.

*Emulsification:
Ceteareth-20 is an excellent emulsifier that helps produce an oil-water emulsion and is compatible with many oils.
Ceteareth-20 can be used with other emulsifiers to stabilize any product.



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF CETEARETH-20:
*Bodying Agent
*Co-emulsifying Agent
*Emulsifying Agent (O/W)
*Emulsion Stabilizing Agent



FUNCTIONS OF CETEARETH-20:
*Solubilizer
*Emulsifier
*Cleansing Agent
*Emulsifier (O/W)
*Surfactant (Nonionic)
*Surfactant



HOW TO USE CETEARETH-20:
Simply heat up with your oils, then slowly add your heated spring / floral water, mixing all the time. Keep mixing until emulsified. Very easy to use!



SAFETY PROFILE OF CETEARETH-20:
Ceteareth-20 is safe for skin and hair but should not be used on damaged surfaces.
If the skin or hair has been compromised in any way, Ceteareth-20 may react to cause redness and itching.
Moreover, Ceteareth-20 can also be comedogenic for certain skin types.
A patch test is recommended prior to full usage.
The recommended use percent for Ceteareth-20 is 0-6%, and should not exceed 30% in any case.



HOW TO USE CETEARETH-20:
Heat the Ceteareth-20 to 60c - 70c within the oill stage of your formulations.
Ensure the Ceteareth-20 is fully disolved into your oil stage (use agitation if required) in order to minimise the risk of graininess in your final formulation.



ROLE OF CETEARETH-20 IN SKINCARE PRODUCTS:
Ceteareth 20 is a chemical compound which is made by combining Cetearyl Alcohol and ethylene oxide.
Ceteareth-20 is commonly used as an emollient in many skin care products which help to make your skin soft, supple and smooth.

Ceteareth-20 acts as an emulsifier in the skincare formulation.
An emulsifier is required in the formulation which contains both water and oil.
When water and oil are mixed together, Ceteareth-20 gets separated and the oil forms a thin film on the surface.
In the skincare products, in which oil is added to the water-based formula, Ceteareth-20 helps in binding the water and oil together and gives stability to the product.
Ceteareth 20 is compatible with a wide variety of oils and is soluble in water and isopropyl alcohol.

Ceteareth 20 acts as an excellent surfactant which helps to reduce the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified and helps to cleanse your skin thoroughly by allowing water to mix with oil and grime so that it could be washed away while rinsing.



ROLE OF CETEARETH-20 IN HAIR CARE PRODUCTS:
Ceteareth 20 works with other alcohols and fatty acids to add viscosity to the formulation and helps other active ingredients to dissolve in the solvent.
Ceteareth-20 acts as a nonionic stabilizer in oil and in water emulsions.
You find Ceteareth 20 in a lot of hair care products, because of its emollient and emulsifying properties which make your hair soft and shiny.

The emollient property of Ceteareth 20 helps to add moisture to your hair and makes the hair look silky, shiny and well hydrated.
Ceteareth-20 makes your scalp healthy by keeping it hydrated, thereby preventing dry and itchy scalp.
Ceteareth-20 is hydrophilic in nature, thereby attracts water molecules and helps retain moisture, thereby keeping your strands well hydrated.

Ceteareth 20 also acts as an excellent surfactant in cosmetic products.
As a surfactant, Ceteareth 20 helps to lower the surface tension between liquid and liquid or liquid and solid.
Ceteareth-20 allows the water molecules to mix with oil and dirt present on the hair and scalp, thus helping to get rid of the residue from your strands while washing.

Most of the surfactants have one hydrophilic end and the other lipophilic end.
One end attracts the water molecule while the other combines with the grease and dirt present on the surface of your strands which gets washed away.

As an emulsifier in the hair care formulation, Ceteareth 20 helps to bind water molecules and oil together, giving more stability to the product.
The main function of Ceteareth 20 as an emulsifier is to hold all the active ingredients in the formulation together, especially oil and water in the water-based formula.
Ceteareth-20 can be used level 0.5-30% (range of 15-30% used to make gel-like brushable hydrates).



WHAT IS CETEARETH?
Ceteareths (Ceteareth-2, Ceteareth-3, Ceteareth-4, Ceteareth-5, Ceteareth-6, Ceteareth-7, Ceteareth-8, Ceteareth-9, Ceteareth-10, Ceteareth-11, Ceteareth-12, Ceteareth-13, Ceteareth-14, Ceteareth-15, Ceteareth-16, Ceteareth-17, Ceteareth-18, Ceteareth-20, Ceteareth-22, Ceteareth-23, Ceteareth-24, Ceteareth-25, Ceteareth-27, Ceteareth-28, Ceteareth-29, Ceteareth-30, Ceteareth-33, Ceteareth-34, Ceteareth-40, Ceteareth-50, Ceteareth-55, Ceteareth-60, Ceteareth-80, Ceteareth-100) are liquids to waxy solids. In cosmetics and personal care products, Ceteareth ingredients are used in skin care products, moisturizers, hair conditioners, suntan and indoor tanning products and hair dyes, colors, and tints.

Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Ceteareth-2 to -18, and Ceteareth-22, help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.
Ceteareth-22 is also used to decrease the thickness of liquid cosmetics and personal care products.
Ceteareth-20 to -40 help other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve, and along with Ceteareths-50 to -100, clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that these substances can be rinsed away.



SCIENTIFIC FACTS OF CETEARETH-20:
Ceteareths are made from cetearyl alcohol, which is a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohol, and ethylene oxide.
The numerical value represents the average number of molecules of ethylene oxide added to generate the specific Ceteareth ingredient.
For example, Ceteareth-2 is made by reacting Cetearyl Alcohol with an average of 2 molecules of ethylene oxide.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of CETEARETH-20:
Melting Point: 40-46°C
pH: 5.5-7.5
Solubility: Soluble in water
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Chemical Formula: R(OCH2CH2)n
CAS Number: 68439-49-6
IUPAC Name: N/A
INCI Name: Ceteareth-20
Molecular Weight: 314.5 g/mol
Specific Gravity: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Flash Point: N/A
Odor: N/A
PH Level: 3-12
HLB Value: N/A
Color: White



FIRST AID MEASURES of CETEARETH-20:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of CETEARETH-20:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of CETEARETH-20:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of CETEARETH-20:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of CETEARETH-20:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
*Storage conditions
Tightly closed.
Dry



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of CETEARETH-20:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated
Polyoxyethylene glycol ether of cetearyl alcohol
PEG-18 Cetearyl alcohol
Polyoxy Cetearyl Alcohol
cetearyl alcohol, ethoxylated
polyoxyethylene ether of cetyl-stearyl alcohol
polyethylene glycol cetostearyl ether
Cetearyl Alcohol and Ceteareth-20
Unimul 7130
Standamul 7093
C16-18 Alcohols
(C16-C18) Alkyl alcohol
Eumulgin B2,Poe(20) Cetyl/stearyl Ether
Poe(20) Hexadecyl/stearyl Ether
Polyoxyethylen(20) Hexadecyl/stearylether
Polyoxyethylene(20) Cetylstearylether
Polyoxyethylene(20) Cetylstearylether.



CETEARETH-20
Ceteareth-20 is an emulsifying agent
Ceteareth-20 is found in a range of skin care and hair care products.
Ceteareth-20 is an odorless compound


CAS NUMBER: 68439-49-6

EC NUMBER: 500-212-8

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C56H114O21

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 1123.5 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: C16 ~ 18 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether


Ceteareth-20's special properties help to keep skin and hair smooth, soft, and supple.
Ceteareth-20 is white

Ceteareth-20 attracts both oil and water, thus keeping the formulations together and stabilizing them.
Additionally, Ceteareth-20 works well with almost all the other ingredients
Ceteareth-20 is safe for all skin types.

Ceteareth-20 can be found in the ingredient list of many personal care and cosmetic products.
The reason for this is the broad range of benefits that this ingredient offers.

*Skin care: Ceteareth-20 is a great emollient that works on the skin to make it smoother and softer.
Ceteareth-20 also stabilizes the formulations by helping to bind together water-based and oil-based ingredients

Hair care: In hair care products, Ceteareth-20 is responsible for providing moisture to the scalp and keeping it well hydrated.
In turn, the hair grows shinier and healthier, while the scalp is free from itchiness.
Ceteareth-20 also provides the required thickness to hair

*Cosmetic products: Ceteareth-20 is used to provide texture and improve the look of the products.
Ceteareth-20 is an excellent surfactant that lowers the surface tension of the formulations and helps stabilize them

Ceteareth-20 is a non-ionic compound that is made by reacting Cetearyl alcohol with twenty molecules of ethylene oxide.
The number written along with this compound actually represents the number of ethylene oxide molecules that are added when making it.
Ceteareth-20 is a synthetic compound that is made in the labs and the process is known as ethoxylation.

Ceteareth-20 is used as:
-Cleansing
-Emollient
-Emulsifying
-Surfactant

Ceteareth-20 is the polyethylene glycol ether of cetearyl alcohol
Ceteareth-20 is a good all round emulsifier which is compatible with a large range of oils.

Ceteareth-20 gives a good shine and silkiness to your finished product
Ceteareth-20 is non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher saturated fats (cetyl/stearyl alcohol).

Ceteareth-20 has no odour
Ceteareth-20 can be mixed with a wide variety of oils from fully natural to synthetic.

Ceteareth-20 is a good all round emulsifier to produce emulsions which are compatible with a large range of oils.
Ceteareth-20 can be used alone or best combined with other emulsifiers to help stabilise the emulsion.

USAGE AREAS:

-Moisture Cream
-Moisture Lotion
-Body Butter
-Cleanser
-Face Mask
-Skin Peels
-Shower Gel
-Shampoo
-Conditioner

Ceteareth-20 is a penetration enhancer which alters the skin structure, allowing substances to penetrate deeper into the skin
Ceteareth is a fatty alcohol which is made from Cetearyl Alcohol (a combination of cetyl and stearyl alcohol) and ethylene oxide.

Ceteareth-20 is also known to be the polyethylene glycol ether of Cetearyl Alcohol.
These compounds are nonionic surfactants which attract both water and oil at the same time.

Ceteareth-20 usually acts as an emollient and emulsifying agent in many skin care and hair care formulations.
Ceteareth-20 is formulated in combination with fatty acids and other alcohols to add thickness to the formulation

Ceteareth-20 also helps other active ingredients dissolve in the solvent.
Ceteareth-20 is odourless and can be mixed with natural as well as synthetic oils.

Ceteareth-20 is a chemical compound which is made by combining Cetearyl Alcohol and ethylene oxide.
Ceteareth-20 is commonly used as an emollient in many skin care products which help to make your skin soft, supple and smooth.

Ceteareth-20 acts as an emulsifier in the skincare formulation.
An emulsifier is required in the formulation which contains both water and oil.
When water and oil are mixed together, it gets separated and the oil forms a thin film on the surface.

In the skincare products, in which oil is added to the water-based formula, it helps in binding the water and oil together and gives stability to the product.
Ceteareth-20 is compatible with a wide variety of oils and is soluble in water and isopropyl alcohol.
Ceteareth-20 acts as an excellent surfactant which helps to reduce the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified and helps to cleanse your skin thoroughly by allowing water to mix with oil and grime so that it could be washed away while rinsing.

Ceteareth-20 works with other alcohols and fatty acids to add viscosity to the formulation and helps other active ingredients to dissolve in the solvent.
Ceteareth-20 acts as a nonionic stabilizer in oil and in water emulsions.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 1123.5 g/mol

-XLogP3: 4.5

-Exact Mass: 1122.78526064 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 1122.78526064 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 205Ų

-Physical Description: White Solid

-Color: White

-Form: Solid

-Melting Point: 47-50°C


The emollient property of Ceteareth-20 helps to add moisture to hair and makes the hair look silky, shiny and well hydrated.
Ceteareth-20 makes scalp healthy by keeping it hydrated, thereby preventing dry and itchy scalp.
Ceteareth-20 is hydrophilic in nature, thereby attracts water molecules and helps retain moisture, thereby keeping your strands well hydrated.

Ceteareth-20 also acts as an excellent surfactant in cosmetic products.
As a surfactant, Ceteareth-20 helps to lower the surface tension between liquid and liquid or liquid and solid.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 21

-Rotatable Bond Count: 74

-Heavy Atom Count: 77

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 999

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Other Classes -> Polyoxyethylenes


Ceteareth-20 allows the water molecules to mix with oil and dirt present on the hair and scalp, thus helping to get rid of the residue from your strands while washing.
Most of the surfactants have one hydrophilic end and the other lipophilic end.

As an emulsifier in the hair care formulation, Ceteareth-20 helps to bind water molecules and oil together, giving more stability to the product.
The main function of Ceteareth-20 as an emulsifier is to hold all the active ingredients in the formulation together, especially oil and water in the water-based formula.

Benefits Of Ceteareth-20 :
Ceteareth-20 is a non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether of higher fatty alcohols.
Ceteareth-20 is a white coloured, odourless compound which can be combined with a large variety of oils both natural as well as synthetic.

Ceteareth-20 is a chemical compound which is used extensively in many skincare, hair care and personal care formulations.
Ceteareth-20 is added in most of the cosmetic products not because it is directly beneficial to your skin or hair in any way, but because of its composition and functions.
Due to its incredible properties, Ceteareth-20 has secured a prominent place in the beauty industry.

Ceteareth-20 is considered to be a universal emulsifier which produces o/w emulsion which is known to be compatible with a wide variety of oils.
Ceteareth-20 can be used alone or along with other emulsifiers to help stabilize the formulation.

Ceteareth-20's emollient property helps to keep your skin soft and smooth. It also makes your hair silky and shiny.
Ceteareth-20 adds thickness by increasing the viscosity of the product formula, making your product look rich and creamy.

Ceteareth-20 works best with gel-forming thickeners, hence extensively used in facial serums and hair gels.
Ceteareth-20 acts as a protective colloid which helps to stabilize all kinds of dispersed active ingredients.

Ceteareth-20 acts as a surfactant in your skincare and hair care products.
The main function of a surfactant is to lower the surface tension between 2 liquids or solid-liquid, which allows them to mix together such as water and grime-dirt.
This action is responsible for the cleansing property in your shampoos, conditioners, soaps, skin cleansers, body washes, face washes etc.

Ceteareth-20 is used alone or it can also be used along with other emulsifiers for providing stability to the formulation.
Ceteareth-20 helps to bind all the active ingredients together in your skincare and haircare formulations, thereby making your formula more stable.

As Ceteareth-20 prevents the active ingredients in the formula from separating, it aids in the even application of the products, which helps to enhance the product performance.
The Cetearyl alcohol in the Ceteareth-20 is derived from natural oil (cetyl and stearyl alcohol) which helps to add thickness to the product, providing stability to the product formulation and is responsible for its emollient property.
These are some of the beneficial properties of Ceteareth-20, due to which it is extensively being used in the production of many skincare and hair care products you use daily. It is considered to be a key ingredient in many surfactant-based formulations

USES:
Ceteareth-20 is considered to be a key ingredient in all kinds of emulsion-based products, hence used in many bath products, toiletries and personal care products.
Ceteareth-20 acts as an excellent emulsifier, surfactant and exhibits emollient properties.

Ceteareth-20's emollient property makes it an ideal choice in creams, moisturizing lotions, anti-ageing creams, shampoos, conditions, hair gels and serums.
Due to its emulsifying property, Ceteareth-20 is used in many skincare products such as facial moisturizers, skin cleansers, sunscreens, exfoliators, acne treatment ointments and in many popular hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, hair sprays, hair dyes.

Ceteareth-20 is very effective in treating various dry skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.
Ceteareth-20 is used in the treatment, control and prevention of the various skin conditions such as diaper rashes.

Ceteareth-20 is effectively used in the treatment of skin burns from radiation therapy.
These are some of the best uses of Ceteareth-20.
Ceteareth-20 acts as an excellent emulsifier, surfactant and exhibits emollient properties. This is why it is increasingly being used in major skincare, haircare and personal care products.


SYNONYMS:

CETEARETH-20
PEG-20 CETOSTEARYL ALCOHOL
PEG-20 CETYL/STEARYL ETHER
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 1000 CETYL/STEARYL ETHER
POLYOXYETHYLENE (20) CETYL/STEARYL ETHER
Ceteareth-20
Unimul B-1
Emulgin B1
Polyoxyethylene Cetearyl Ether
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol
Chemonic CT-20
Jeecol CS-20
Ceterayl Alcohol
Ceteareth-20
Polyoxyethylene Ether of Cetyl-Stearyl Alcohol
(C16-C18) alkyl alcohol ethoxylate
(C16-C18) alkyl alcohol, ethoxylate
(C16-C18) fatty alcohol, ethylene oxide reaction product
alcohols C16-18 ethoxylated (peg-20)
alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated
aliphatic (C16-C18) alcohol, ethoxylated
brij CS20
ethoxylated C16-18 alcohols
C16-18 alcohols, ethoxylated (20 mol EO average molar ratio)
cetomacrogol 1000 BP
cetomacrogolum
ethoxylated fatty alcohols (C16-18)
hetoxol CS-20
lipocol SC-20
peg-20 cetyl/stearyl ether
polyethylene glycol (20) cetyl/stearyl ether
polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl/stearyl alcohol ether
polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl/stearyl ether
polyoxyl 20 cetostearyl ether
Polyoxyethylene Ether of Cetyl-Stearyl Alcohol
(C16-C18) alkyl alcohol ethoxylate
(C16-C18) alkyl alcohol, ethoxylate
(C16-C18) fatty alcohol, ethylene oxide reaction product
alcohols C16-18 ethoxylated (peg-20)
alcohols, C16-18, ethoxylated