Trisiloxane is a colorless and odorless liquid.
Trisiloxane is a type of siloxane compound with three silicon atoms and six oxygen atoms.
Trisiloxane is soluble in both water and many organic solvents.

CAS Number: 540-97-6



APPLICATIONS


Trisiloxane is used as an emulsifier in the production of personal care products like shampoo, conditioner, and lotions.
Trisiloxane is used as a surfactant in agricultural formulations to improve the spread of pesticides and herbicides.

Trisiloxane is used as an antifoaming agent in industrial processes such as paper production and wastewater treatment.
Trisiloxane is used as a mold release agent in the manufacturing of rubber and plastics.

Trisiloxane is used as an ingredient in automotive care products like car wax and polish.
Trisiloxane is used as a lubricant in metalworking processes to reduce friction and improve tool life.

Trisiloxane is used as a solvent in the chemical industry for the synthesis of various compounds.
Trisiloxane is used as a processing aid in the food industry for the production of baked goods, confectionery, and frozen desserts.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of polyurethane foam to improve cell structure and foam quality.

Trisiloxane is used as a defoamer in oil and gas drilling operations to prevent the buildup of foam.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of adhesives to improve bonding and reduce curing time.

Trisiloxane is used in the textile industry as a softening agent for fabrics and fibers.
Trisiloxane is used as a cleaning agent in household and industrial applications.

Trisiloxane is used as a drying agent in coatings and paints to improve drying time and reduce surface defects.
Trisiloxane is used as an additive in the production of silicone rubber to improve the processing and handling properties.
Trisiloxane is used as a conditioning agent in hair care products to improve combability and manageability.

Trisiloxane is used as a dispersant in the pigment and ink industry to improve color intensity and stability.
Trisiloxane is used as a foaming agent in the production of foam insulation and packaging materials.

Trisiloxane is used as a wetting agent in the production of emulsions and suspensions.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of high-performance coatings and sealants.

Trisiloxane is used as an anti-blocking agent in plastic films and sheets to prevent sticking.
Trisiloxane is used as a processing aid in the rubber industry to improve mixing and reduce viscosity.
Trisiloxane is used as an anti-corrosion agent in the metalworking industry.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of industrial detergents and cleaning agents.
Trisiloxane is used as a conditioning agent in fabric softeners to improve softness and reduce static cling.


Trisiloxane has a variety of applications across different industries. Some of its major applications include:


Agriculture:
Trisiloxane is used as a surfactant and wetting agent in agricultural formulations to increase the effectiveness of pesticides and herbicides.

Cosmetics:
Trisiloxane is used as an emollient, conditioning agent, and lubricant in cosmetic products such as hair conditioners, skin creams, and lotions.

Textile:
Trisiloxane is used in the textile industry as a hydrophobic finishing agent to impart water and stain resistance to fabrics.

Personal care:
Trisiloxane is used in personal care products such as deodorants and antiperspirants to increase the effectiveness of active ingredients.

Industrial:
Trisiloxane is used as an industrial defoamer to control foam in various processes such as pulp and paper production.

Adhesives and sealants:
Trisiloxane is used as a wetting agent and dispersant in the production of adhesives and sealants to improve their flow and adhesion properties.

Construction:
Trisiloxane is used as a water repellent in construction materials such as concrete, masonry, and stucco.

Automotive:
Trisiloxane is used as an anti-foaming agent in automotive fluids such as engine oil, transmission fluid, and brake fluid.

Agriculture:
Trisiloxane is also used in the agriculture industry as a spray adjuvant to improve the efficacy of agrochemicals.

Food and beverage:
Trisiloxane is used as a defoaming agent in the production of food and beverage products such as beer, soft drinks, and fruit juices.

Paints and coatings:
Trisiloxane is used as a leveling agent and defoaming agent in the production of paints and coatings to improve their performance.

Paper and pulp:
Trisiloxane is used as a defoamer in the production of paper and pulp to reduce foam formation during processing.

Plastics:
Trisiloxane is used as a processing aid in the production of plastics to improve their flow properties.

Rubber:
Trisiloxane is used as a lubricant and processing aid in the production of rubber products.

Fuel and lubricant:
Trisiloxane is used as an anti-foaming agent and viscosity improver in fuel and lubricant formulations.

Metalworking:
Trisiloxane is used as a lubricant and anti-foaming agent in metalworking fluids.

Water treatment:
Trisiloxane is used as a coagulant aid and flocculant in water treatment processes to improve the efficiency of the treatment.

Textile auxiliaries:
Trisiloxane is used as a textile auxiliary in the production of dyeing and finishing agents.

Petroleum industry:
Trisiloxane is used as a flow improver in crude oil transportation.

Surface coatings:
Trisiloxane is used as a surface coating agent to provide water repellency to various substrates.

Firefighting:
Trisiloxane is used as a foam suppressant in firefighting foams.

Metal cleaning:
Trisiloxane is used as a surfactant in metal cleaning formulations.

Industrial cleaning:
Trisiloxane is used as a cleaning agent in industrial cleaning formulations.

Pharmaceuticals:
Trisiloxane is used as an ingredient in some pharmaceutical formulations.

Polymer processing:
Trisiloxane is used as a processing aid in the polymer processing industry to improve the flow and molding properties of the polymers.


Trisiloxane is commonly used as a surfactant in a variety of personal care and cleaning products.
Trisiloxane can be found in shampoos, conditioners, and other hair care products to improve wetting and conditioning properties.
In skincare products, trisiloxane can help improve the texture and feel of creams and lotions.

Trisiloxane is often used as a lubricant in industrial applications, such as metalworking and textile manufacturing.
Trisiloxane can also be used as a foam control agent in the production of polyurethane foam.

Trisiloxane is used as a spreading agent in agricultural applications to help improve the effectiveness of herbicides and pesticides.
In the construction industry, trisiloxane is used as a water repellent and to improve the durability of building materials.

Trisiloxane can also be used as a mold release agent in the production of concrete and other construction materials.
Trisiloxane is used in the automotive industry as an additive to improve the performance of engine oils and other lubricants.

Trisiloxane can also be found in windshield washer fluids as a de-icing agent.
In the electronics industry, trisiloxane is used as a component in electronic adhesives and coatings.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of silicone elastomers, which are used in a variety of applications, including medical devices and automotive parts.

Trisiloxane can be used as a water-repellent coating on fabrics, such as outdoor clothing and tents.
Trisiloxane is used as a foam control agent in the production of polyurethane foam for furniture and bedding.

Trisiloxane can also be found in spray foam insulation products.
In the oil and gas industry, trisiloxane is used as a defoamer and lubricant in drilling fluids.

Trisiloxane can be used as a solvent in the production of silicone resins and other silicone-based materials.
Trisiloxane can be used as a heat transfer fluid in high-temperature applications.
Trisiloxane is used as a coating on contact lenses to improve comfort and clarity.

In the food industry, trisiloxane is used as a lubricant in food processing equipment.
Trisiloxane can also be used as a coating on food packaging to improve moisture resistance.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of silicone-based inks and coatings for printing and graphic arts applications.
Trisiloxane can be used as a component in sealants and adhesives used in the construction industry.

Trisiloxane is used as a component in some personal care products, such as anti-aging creams and hair serums.
Trisiloxane can also be found in some industrial cleaners and degreasers as a surfactant and solvent.

Trisiloxane is used in the manufacture of personal care products such as hair conditioners and skin moisturizers.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of surfactants and emulsifiers that are used in various industries.
Trisiloxane is used as an antifoaming agent in the food industry.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of high-performance coatings and adhesives.
Trisiloxane is used as a water-repellent coating for glass, ceramic, and other surfaces.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of silicone rubbers and resins.
Trisiloxane is used in the manufacturing of electronic components and semiconductors.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of lubricants and greases for machinery and equipment.
Trisiloxane is used as a mold release agent in the manufacturing of plastic and rubber products.
Trisiloxane is used as a conditioning agent in the textile industry.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of flame retardants for various applications.
Trisiloxane is used as a dispersing agent in the formulation of agricultural chemicals.

Trisiloxane is used as a foam control agent in the production of paper and pulp.
Trisiloxane is used in the formulation of cosmetics such as foundations and lipsticks.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of ceramics and glass fibers.

Trisiloxane is used as a lubricant in the textile industry.
Trisiloxane is used in the formulation of polishes and cleaners for various surfaces.

Trisiloxane is used in the production of polyurethane foams and elastomers.
Trisiloxane is used as a solvent for various chemical reactions.
Trisiloxane is used as a wetting agent in the formulation of paints and coatings.

Trisiloxane is used in the manufacturing of plastic films and sheets.
Trisiloxane is used in the formulation of printing inks and toners.

Trisiloxane is used as a heat transfer fluid in industrial processes.
Trisiloxane is used in the production of automotive parts such as gaskets and seals.
Trisiloxane is used as a binder in the formulation of concrete and construction materials.



DESCRIPTION


Trisiloxane is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Si3H8O2.
Trisiloxane is a type of siloxane, which is a class of organosilicon compounds.

Trisiloxane is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.
Trisiloxane is highly soluble in water and is nonflammable.

Trisiloxane is primarily used as a surfactant, which is a substance that helps to reduce the surface tension of a liquid.
Trisiloxane is commonly used in the production of personal care products, such as shampoos, conditioners, and lotions, to improve their wetting ability and to help the products spread more evenly over the skin or hair.

Trisiloxane is also used as a foam control agent in various industrial processes, including in the production of paints and coatings, pulp and paper manufacturing, and metalworking.
Its ability to reduce surface tension makes it useful for preventing the formation of foam during these processes, which can interfere with the quality and efficiency of the end product.

Additionally, trisiloxane is used as a wetting agent in agricultural formulations to help improve the absorption and spreading of pesticides, herbicides, and other agricultural chemicals.
Trisiloxane can also be used as an additive in the production of silicone-based polymers and resins.

Other applications of trisiloxane include its use as a lubricant and as an ingredient in the production of adhesives and sealants.
Trisiloxane is also used in the formulation of household cleaning products, such as laundry detergents and dish soaps, to improve their cleaning performance and reduce streaking.

Overall, trisiloxane is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications, primarily due to its ability to reduce surface tension and improve wetting and spreading properties of liquids.


Trisiloxane is a colorless and odorless liquid.
Trisiloxane is a type of siloxane compound with three silicon atoms and six oxygen atoms.
Trisiloxane is soluble in both water and many organic solvents.

Trisiloxane has a relatively low boiling point and is therefore easily vaporized.
Trisiloxane has good wetting and spreading properties.

Trisiloxane is commonly used as a surfactant in a variety of applications.
Trisiloxane can lower surface tension, making it useful in emulsification and foam stabilization.

Trisiloxane can also be used as a lubricant and release agent due to its low surface tension.
Trisiloxane is commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos and conditioners.
Trisiloxane can help to improve the wetting ability of these products on hair and skin.

Trisiloxane is also used as a defoaming agent in the production of polyurethane foam.
Trisiloxane can reduce the formation of bubbles during the manufacturing process.

Trisiloxane is used as an ingredient in agricultural products such as herbicides and insecticides.
Trisiloxane can help these products to spread more evenly across plant surfaces.

Trisiloxane is used in the formulation of inkjet printer inks as a solvent and wetting agent.
Trisiloxane can help to improve the printing quality and speed.
Trisiloxane is used in the manufacturing of silicone rubber.

Trisiloxane can improve the flow and mold release properties of the rubber.
Trisiloxane can be used as a mold release agent in the production of plastic parts.

Trisiloxane can help to prevent sticking and improve part release.
Trisiloxane is used as a lubricant and release agent in the production of molded glass products.
Trisiloxane can help to prevent sticking and improve the surface finish of the glass.

Trisiloxane is used in the textile industry as a wetting agent and to improve dye penetration.
Trisiloxane can help to reduce the amount of dye needed and improve color fastness.
Trisiloxane is a versatile compound with many applications in a range of industries.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: C3H10O2Si3
Molecular weight: 222.48 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to light yellow liquid
Density: 0.891 g/cm3 at 20°C
Boiling point: 130-131°C
Melting point: -70°C
Flash point: 35-37°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in many organic solvents
Vapor pressure: 10 mm Hg at 25°C
Refractive index: 1.422 at 25°C
Viscosity: 1.6 cSt at 25°C
Surface tension: 19.5 mN/m at 25°C
Dielectric constant: 2.90 at 25°C
pH: Neutral
Odor: Mild, characteristic
Flammability: Flammable liquid, with a flash point below 60°C
Autoignition temperature: 260°C
Explosive limits: 1.1-14% (volume)
Corrosivity: Corrosive to metals
Oxidizing properties: Not classified as oxidizing agent
Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, silicon dioxide
Hazardous polymerization: Will not occur
Environmental hazards: Not considered to be an environmental hazard
Health hazards: May cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory system upon prolonged exposure. May be harmful if ingested.
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents and acids, and can undergo hydrolysis in the presence of moisture.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the person to fresh air immediately.
If the person is not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
Seek immediate medical attention if the person has difficulty breathing or shows other signs of respiratory distress.


Skin Contact:

Remove any contaminated clothing and rinse the affected skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
If skin irritation or redness develops, seek medical attention.


Eye Contact:

Immediately flush the affected eye(s) with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, while holding the eyelid(s) open.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or pain persists.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth with water, but do not induce vomiting.
Seek immediate medical attention if a large amount of the chemical is swallowed, or if the person shows signs of vomiting or convulsions.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Trisiloxane should be handled with care to prevent skin and eye contact, inhalation, and ingestion.
Operators should wear personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection when handling Trisiloxane.
In case of skin contact, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.

In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.
If Trisiloxane is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air and seek medical attention immediately.
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting and seek medical attention immediately.


Storage:

Trisiloxane should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from heat, sparks, and flames.
It should be stored in a tightly sealed container, away from incompatible materials such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizers.
Containers of Trisiloxane should be properly labeled with the product name, composition, and hazard warnings.

Do not store Trisiloxane near food, beverages, or animal feed.
Keep Trisiloxane out of the reach of children and unauthorized personnel.
Check the container regularly for leaks and damage.


Transportation:

Trisiloxane should be transported in a properly labeled, sealed, and secured container to prevent spills or leakage.
The container should be placed in a well-ventilated area, away from heat sources and incompatible materials.

Transportation of Trisiloxane should comply with local, state, and federal regulations.
Drivers transporting Trisiloxane should be trained and certified to handle hazardous materials.
In case of a spill or leak during transportation, follow the emergency response procedures and contact the appropriate authorities immediately.


Disposal:

Trisiloxane should be disposed of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
Do not dispose of Trisiloxane in household or municipal waste streams.
Consult with a licensed waste disposal company for safe disposal options.
Containers that previously held Trisiloxane should be properly cleaned and recycled or disposed of according to the manufacturer's instructions.



SYNONYMS


Triethylsiloxane
1,1,1-Tris(dimethylsilyloxy)silane
Tri(trimethylsilyloxy)silane
Tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane
Trialkylsiloxy silane
TES
TMSO3
TTS
1,1,1-Tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silane
Silane, tris(trimethylsilyloxy)-
Tris(trimethylsilyl) orthosilicate
Tri(trimethylsilyl) silicate
Silicic acid, tri(trimethylsilyl) ester
Tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silicon
Silicon tris(trimethylsiloxy)
TMSOT
Tris(trimethylsilyl)silanol
Tris(trimethylsilyl) silicate
Tri(trimethylsilyl) orthosilicate
Tri(trimethylsilyl) silicic acid
Triethylsilyloxysilane
Trialkylsilyloxy silane
Tris(trimethylsilyloxy) silicium
Triethoxysilane trimethylsilyl derivative
Silicon tris(trimethylsilyloxy)
Triethylsilanol
1,1,1-Trisiloxane
Trisilicon tetrahydride
Triethylsiloxane
Siloxane, tris(triethylsiloxy)-
Tris(triethylsilyl)oxide
Triethylsilyl ether
TTSO
Silanetriol, triethyl-
Triethylsilyl alcohol
Tris(triethylsilyl)silanol
Trisiloxane, [(triethylsilyl)oxy]-
Triethylsiloxysilane
Triethoxytrisilane
Tris(triethoxysilyl)amine
Tris(triethoxysilyl)phosphate
Triethylsilyltrifluoroacetate
Triethylsilylethynylbenzene
Tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)europium(III)
Tris(trifluoroacetylacetonato)samarium(III)
Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III)
Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III)chloride
Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine
Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane
Tris(trimethylsilyl)amine

Trisiloxane Polyether is a type of surfactant that contains a silicone-based (trisiloxane) backbone and polyether side chains.
Trisiloxane Polyether is a clear liquid that is soluble in both water and organic solvents.



APPLICATIONS


Trisiloxane Polyether has several applications in various industries, including:

Coatings:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surfactant in coatings to improve wetting and leveling properties.


Personal care products:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surfactant and emulsifier in personal care products, such as shampoos and body washes, to improve their texture and stability.


Agriculture:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a spray adjuvant in agriculture to improve the performance of pesticides and herbicides.


Textiles:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a softener and lubricant in textile manufacturing to improve the hand-feel and processing of fabrics.


Foam control:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a foam control agent in industrial processes to reduce foam formation and improve process efficiency.


Automotive:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as an additive in automotive fluids, such as brake fluids and engine oils, to improve their lubricity and anti-wear properties.


Construction:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a water repellent in construction materials, such as concrete and masonry, to improve their durability and resistance to moisture.


Electronics:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surface treatment in electronics manufacturing to improve the adhesion and performance of coatings and adhesives.


Food processing:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a processing aid in food manufacturing to improve the efficiency and quality of production processes.


Pharmaceuticals:
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as an emulsifier and solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations to improve their stability and bioavailability.


Trisiloxane Polyether is commonly used as a surfactant in coatings to improve their wetting and leveling properties.
Trisiloxane Polyether is often used as an emulsifier and surfactant in personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and body washes.
In the agriculture industry, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a spray adjuvant to improve the performance of pesticides and herbicides.

Trisiloxane Polyether is often used as a softener and lubricant in textile manufacturing to improve the feel and processing of fabrics.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a foam control agent in industrial processes to reduce foam formation and improve process efficiency.

In automotive fluids such as brake fluids and engine oils, Trisiloxane Polyether is added to improve lubricity and anti-wear properties.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a water repellent in construction materials such as concrete and masonry to improve their durability and resistance to moisture.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surface treatment in electronics manufacturing to improve the adhesion and performance of coatings and adhesives.
In food manufacturing, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a processing aid to improve the efficiency and quality of production processes.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as an emulsifier and solubilizer in pharmaceutical formulations to improve their stability and bioavailability.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used in the manufacture of surfactants and detergents.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a wetting agent in the production of polyurethane foam.

In the petroleum industry, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a lubricant and anti-foaming agent.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a defoaming agent in the pulp and paper industry.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a leveling agent in printing inks and coatings.
In metalworking fluids, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a lubricant and corrosion inhibitor.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a wetting agent in the production of silicone rubber.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as an emulsifier in the production of food additives and flavors.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surfactant in the production of detergents and cleaners.
In the textile industry, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a lubricant and dyeing aid.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a processing aid in the production of paper and cardboard.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surfactant and defoamer in the production of latex paints.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a foam control agent in the production of polyurethane foam.

In the water treatment industry, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a coagulant aid and scale inhibitor.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a wetting agent and emulsifier in the production of agrochemicals.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a dispersant in the production of pigments and dyes.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a plasticizer in the production of plastics and resins.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a release agent in the production of molded rubber and plastic parts.

In the cosmetics industry, Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a humectant and skin conditioning agent.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surfactant and emulsifier in the production of petroleum products such as lubricating oils and fuel additives.


Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a surfactant in personal care products such as shampoos and conditioners.
Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a wetting agent in printing inks, coatings, and adhesives.
Trisiloxane Polyether enhances the water resistance of textiles and leather goods.

Trisiloxane Polyether improves the slip properties of packaging films and coatings.
Trisiloxane Polyether aids in the dispersion of pigments and other additives in coatings.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used in the production of anti-foaming agents for industrial processes.
Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a dispersant in ceramic and glass manufacturing.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a release agent in the production of molded rubber and plastic products.
Trisiloxane Polyether enhances the spreading and wetting properties of agricultural sprays and formulations.

Trisiloxane Polyether improves the flow properties of cementitious materials and concrete.
Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a leveling agent in coatings and adhesives.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a foam stabilizer in the production of polyurethane foams.

Trisiloxane Polyether improves the gloss and clarity of coatings and films.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a wetting agent and anti-static agent in the production of electronic components.

Trisiloxane Polyether enhances the release properties of mold releases and casting agents.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used in the production of defoamers and emulsifiers for industrial processes.

Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a lubricant and anti-wear agent in metalworking fluids.
Trisiloxane Polyether enhances the water-repellency of coatings and textiles.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a release agent in the production of food packaging and processing equipment.
Trisiloxane Polyether improves the wetting and dispersing properties of inks and pigments in printing applications.
Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a solvent in cleaning and degreasing formulations.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used in the production of optical coatings for lenses and displays.
Trisiloxane Polyether enhances the stain resistance of textiles and carpets.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a coupling agent in polymer processing and compounding.
Trisiloxane Polyether improves the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to difficult substrates.

Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a defoaming agent in oil and gas production.
Trisiloxane Polyether enhances the surface smoothness of plastics and films.

Trisiloxane Polyether is used as a leveling and anti-cratering agent in coatings.
Trisiloxane Polyether improves the hydrophobicity of building materials such as stone and concrete.
Trisiloxane Polyether acts as a lubricant and corrosion inhibitor in metalworking and industrial fluids.


Some applications of Trisiloxane Polyether:

Water repellent coatings for textile fibers
Anti-fouling coatings for marine vessels
Wood coatings to enhance water resistance
Release agents for molding processes
Lubricants for moving mechanical parts
Surfactants for foam control in various industries
Adhesives for difficult-to-bond surfaces
Ink and paint additives to improve flow and leveling
Coatings for electronic components to improve water resistance
Soil-repellent treatments for carpets and upholstery
Anti-corrosion coatings for metals
Hydrophobic coatings for optical lenses
Oil and gas recovery
Personal care products such as hair conditioners and skin lotions
Laundry detergents and fabric softeners
Agriculture as an adjuvant in pesticide formulations
Construction as a water repellent for concrete and masonry
Cleaning products as a surfactant and wetting agent
Food packaging to prevent moisture absorption
Paper coatings to improve water resistance and printability



DESCRIPTION


Trisiloxane Polyether is a type of surfactant that contains a silicone-based (trisiloxane) backbone and polyether side chains.
Trisiloxane Polyether is a clear liquid that is soluble in both water and organic solvents.

Trisiloxane Polyether is commonly used as a wetting agent, emulsifier, and dispersant in a wide range of applications, including personal care products, agricultural formulations, and industrial cleaning agents.
Its unique chemical structure allows it to reduce surface tension and enhance spreading and wetting properties, making it a highly effective and versatile surfactant.

Trisiloxane Polyether is a highly efficient surfactant due to its unique chemical structure.
The silicone-based backbone of Trisiloxane Polyether provides excellent stability and durability.
Trisiloxane Polyether is used in a variety of industries, including agriculture, cosmetics, and industrial cleaning.

The polyether side chains in Trisiloxane Polyether allow it to be highly soluble in both water and organic solvents.
Trisiloxane Polyether is known for its excellent wetting and dispersing properties, making it a highly effective emulsifier.

Due to its low surface tension, Trisiloxane Polyether is often used as a wetting agent in agricultural formulations to improve spray coverage.
Trisiloxane Polyether can be used as a foam control agent in industrial processes due to its ability to reduce surface tension and foam generation.

The combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties in Trisiloxane Polyether makes it highly effective at reducing interfacial tension between different phases.
Trisiloxane Polyether is biodegradable and has a low toxicity profile, making it an environmentally friendly option for many applications.
The unique properties of Trisiloxane Polyether allow it to provide enhanced performance and efficiency compared to traditional surfactants.



PROPERTIES


Molecular weight: 1000-5000 g/mol
Density: 1.00-1.10 g/mL
Boiling point: >200°C
Flash point: >100°C
Solubility: soluble in water and most organic solvents
Viscosity: low to moderate
Surface tension: low
Hydrophilicity: high
Thermal stability: good
Chemical stability: good
Biocompatibility: good
Emulsifying ability: good
Foaming ability: good
Lubricating ability: good
Wetting ability: good



FIRST AID


The first aid measures for Trisiloxane Polyether are as follows:

In case of inhalation:

Move the affected person to a well-ventilated area and provide fresh air.
If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.


In case of skin contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If skin irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.


In case of eye contact:

Rinse the affected eye(s) with water for several minutes, while holding the eyelid(s) open.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.


In case of ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water and drink plenty of water.
Seek medical attention immediately.
Note: It is important to seek medical attention if any symptoms persist or in case of doubt.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


The handling and storage conditions for Trisiloxane Polyether are as follows:

Storage:

Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, sparks, and flame.


Handling:

Handle with appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves, safety glasses, and respiratory protection if required.
Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with skin and eyes.
Use in a well-ventilated area or with local exhaust ventilation.


Storage containers:

Use appropriate containers made of compatible materials, such as stainless steel or high-density polyethylene (HDPE).


Shelf life:

The shelf life of Trisiloxane Polyether can vary depending on the storage conditions and the manufacturer's recommendations.
It is recommended to use it within the expiry date mentioned on the label or as specified by the supplier.


Note: Follow the manufacturer's instructions and local regulations regarding handling, storage, and disposal of the product.



SYNONYMS


Poly(oxyethylene)-tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane
Silicone polyether
Trisiloxane ethylene oxide copolymer
Trialkoxy polyether silane
Ethylene oxide terminated polydimethylsiloxane
Siloxane polyalkyleneoxide copolymer
Trialkoxy silane polyether
Ethoxylated trisiloxane
Trialkoxy silane ethylene oxide copolymer
Poly(ethylene oxide)-terminated trimethylsiloxy siloxane
Siloxane-polyalkylene oxide block copolymer
Triethoxysilyl poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer
Polyethylene oxide-terminated polydimethylsiloxane
Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer
Trisiloxane-polyethylene oxide copolymer
Trimethylsiloxy-terminated polyethylene oxide
Trialkoxy silane-terminated polyethylene oxide
Siloxane-polyether copolymer
Trisiloxane-poly(oxyethylene) copolymer
Polydimethylsiloxane-poly(oxyethylene) copolymer

DESCRIPTION:
Trisodium citrate has the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium citrate is sometimes referred to simply as "sodium citrate", though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid.
Trisodium citrate possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor, and is a mild alkali.

CAS Number: 68-04-2
Molecular Formula: C6H5Na3O7

Trisodium Citrate is one of the sodium salts of citric acid which is found in every living organism, part of the key metabolic pathways in all body cells.
Trisodium Citrate is found in sour fruits such as kiwi, strawberries and many other fruits which has high concentration.
Trisodium Citrate is commercially prepared by fermenting molasses of Aspergillus niger mould.

Citrate is a conjugate base of a weak acid, can function as a buffering agent or acidity regulator by resisting the change in pH.
Trisodium Citrate, also referred to as Sodium Citrate, Trisodium Salt or food additive E331, is the tribasic salt of citric acid.

Trisodium Citrate appears as a white crystalline powder or granular crystals and, given it is a salt, possesses a salty / saline taste with no real detectable odour.
Trisodium Citrate has the CAS number 6132-04-3 and formula Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium citrate is water-soluble, non-toxic and fully biodegradable.


USES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE:
Trisodium citrate is used in similar applications to citric acid .
These uses include as an acidity regulator in food and drink, as a sequestering agent to prevent limescale inference with soaps and detergents and as an emulsifying agent to aid chemical mixing processes where two separate elements are incapable of mixing (for example oil and water) and helps to keep these mixtures stable once formulated.

Trisodium Citrate in Food:
Trisodium Citrate is a food additive with the E number E331.
Trisodium Citrate is used in a variety of processed food and drink primarily as a flavour enhancer and a preservative.


As an emulsifying agent it is also used in cheesemaking to allow cheese to melt without the separation of oils and fats.
Trisodium citrate in food buffers pH levels to help regulate acidity in a variety of foods to balance taste and is also able to impart a tart / sour flavour in a wide variety of drink products.






APPLICATIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE:
Foods:
Sodium citrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Its E number is E331.
Sodium citrate is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.

Trisodium citrate is common as an ingredient in bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavor.
Trisodium citrate is found in gelatin mix, ice cream, yogurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine, amongst others.

Trisodium citrate can be used as an emulsifying stabilizer when making cheese.
Trisodium citrate allows the cheese to melt without becoming greasy by stopping the fats from separating.

Buffering:
Speciation diagram for a 10-millimolar solution of citric acid.
The violet curve corresponds to the trisodium citrate.
As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH.

Trisodium citrate is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts.
Trisodium citrate can be found in the milk minicontainers used with coffee machines.
The compound is the product of antacids, such as Alka-Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water.

The pH of a solution of 5 g/100 ml water at 25 °C is 7.5 – 9.0.
Trisodium citrate is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the pH impact of the gastrointestinal system of humans, mainly in processed products such as cheese and yogurt, although it also has beneficial effects on the physical gel microstructure.

Chemistry:
Trisodium citrate is a component in Benedict's qualitative solution, often used in organic analysis to detect the presence of reducing sugars such as glucose.

Medicine:
In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used sodium citrate as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, with Richard Lewisohn determining its correct concentration in 1915.
It continues to be used today in blood-collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks.

The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.
Recently, trisodium citrate has also been used as a locking agent in vascath and haemodialysis lines instead of heparin due to its lower risk of systemic anticoagulation.

In 2003, Ööpik et al. showed the use of sodium citrate (0.5 g/kg body weight) improved running performance over 5 km by 30 seconds.
Sodium citrate is used to relieve discomfort in urinary-tract infections, such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative.
It is a major component of the WHO oral rehydration solution.

Trisodium citrate is used as an antacid, especially prior to anaesthesia, for caesarian section procedures to reduce the risks associated with the aspiration of gastric contents.

Boiler descaling:
Trisodium citrate is a particularly effective agent for removal of carbonate scale from boilers without removing them from operation and for cleaning automobile radiators


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE:
Chemical formula Na3C6H5O7
Molar mass 258.06 g/mol (anhydrous), 294.10 g/mol (dihydrate)
Appearance White crystalline powder
Density 1.7 g/cm3
Melting point > 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (hydrates lose water ca. 150 °C)
Boiling point Decomposes
Solubility in water Pentahydrate form: 92 g/100 g H2O (25 °C)



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TRISODIUM CITRATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



SYNONYMS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE:
Trisodium citrate [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:3) [ACD/Index Name]
200-675-3 [EINECS]
68-04-2 [RN]
994-36-5 [RN]
Citrate de trisodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Citric Acid Trisodium Salt
MFCD00012462 [MDL number]
RS7A450LGA
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
Sodium Citrate [JAN] [USAN] [Wiki]
Sodium citrate anhydrous
Trinatriumcitrat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Tris sodium citrate
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt
114456-61-0 [RN]
205-623-3 [EINECS]
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt
Citnatin
Citrate Concentratedmissing
citrate sodium
citrate trisodium
Citratemissing
Citreme
Citric acid sodium salt anhydrous
Citric acid trisodium salt, anhydrous
Citric acid, trisodium salt
Citrosodina
Citrosodine
Citrosodna
Isolyte E
Natrocitral
Sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Sodium citrate (USP)
Sodium citrate buffer
SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC
Sodium citrate, anhydrous
Synthesis on demand
tri-sodium citrate
Trisodium citrate anhydrous
tris-sodium citrate
UNII-RS7A450LGA

Sodium Citrate Dihydrate; 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate;TRISODIUM CITRATE 5,5-HYDRATE; TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE; TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE (12HYDRATE) ; TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE ANHYDRATE cas no: 6132-04-3

Trisodium citrate (TSC) is a versatile chemical substance used in a variety of applications in different industries.
In the food industry, Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used as a flavor enhancer, acidity regulator, and emulsifier.
In the medical field, Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used as an anticoagulant but it is also an ingredient in many personal care products.

CAS: 6132-04-3
MF: C6H9Na3O9
MW: 294.1
EINECS: 612-118-5

Synonyms
ANTI-BABOON IGM, BIOTIN;BETA-HYDROXY-TRICARBOXYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE;HYDROXYTRICARBALLYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID NA3-SALT 2H2O;CITRIC ACID H2O;CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID, 3NA, DIHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID-1-HYDRATE;Trisodium citrate dihydrate;Sodium citrate dihydrate;6132-04-3;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate;Sodium citrate hydrate;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate;MFCD00150031;B22547B95K;Nauzene;trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate;DTXSID1049437;SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE;Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate;N-1560;Sodium citrate hydrous;Natrii citras, dehydrate;Trisodium citrate dihydrate;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate;MFCD00130806;tri-sodium citrate dihydrate;TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (II);TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [II];TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (USP MONOGRAPH);TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH];sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;Tricitrasol;Natrum citricum;Emetrol Chewables;Tricitrasol (TN);Sodium citrate; Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylatedihydrate; Sodium Citrate ;Dihydrate;Sodium citrate (TN);CVS HealthNausea Relief;Emetrol Chewables Orange;Sodium citrate [USP:JAN];Sodiumcitratetribasicdihydrate;EmetrolChewables Mixed Berry;SODIUM CITRATE [FHFI];DTXCID0029397;Sodium citrate hydrate (JP17);UNII-B22547B95K;CHEBI:32142;Trisodium citrate dihydrate, ACS;SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS [II];SODIUM CITRATE HYDRATE [JAN];SODIUM CITRATE [EP MONOGRAPH];SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [MI];AKOS025293920;Citronensaeure,Trinatrium-Salz-Dihydrat
;Sodium citrate dihydrate, >=99%, FG;SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [VANDF];BP-31019;SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [WHO-DD];Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, >=98%;Sodium citrate dihydrate, ACS reagent grade;SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE [WHO-IP];NS00074299;D01781;F82065;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, AR, >=99%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, LR, >=99%;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate ACS reagent;NATRII CITRAS, DEHYDRATE [WHO-IP LATIN];A833161;A835986;Q22075862;Sodium citrate dihydrate Biochemical grade, Fine Granular;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, USP, 99.0-100.5%;Sodium Citrate Tribasic Dihydrate (Molecular Biology Grade);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, ACS reagent, >=99.0%;trisodium 2-oxidanylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, insect cell culture tested;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, JIS special grade, >=99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, purum p.a., >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, tested according to Ph.Eur.;trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate--water (1/2);Trisodium citrate dihydrate, meets USP testing specifications;2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioXtra, >=99.0% (titration);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, for molecular biology, >=99%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%;Sodium citrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, dihydrate;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 99-101%;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, hydrate (1:3:2);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=99.0%;Sodium Citrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material;Sodium citrate tribasicdihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=98% (titration), powder

Trisodium citrate (TSC) is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is widely used as a preservative or for flavour.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is also used in dietary supplements.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is also an essential ingredient in dishwasher tablets, industrial cleaners, detergents, etc.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has molecular weight of 294.1, is a colorless crystal or white crystalline powder product; it is odorless, salty taste, and cool.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) will lose its crystal water at 150 °C and will be decomposed at even higher temperature.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) also has slight deliquescence in wet air and has weathering property upon hot air.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is soluble in water and glycerol, but insoluble in alcohol and some other organic solvents.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has no toxic effect, and has pH adjusting capability as well as having a good stability, and therefore can be used in the food industry.

Trisodium citrate (TSC) has the greatest demand when being used as a food additive; As food additives, it is mainly used as flavoring agents, buffers, emulsifiers, bulking agents, stabilizers and preservatives; in addition, combination between sodium citrate and citric acid can be used in a variety of jams, jelly, juice, drinks, cold drinks, dairy products and pastries gelling agents, flavoring agents and nutritional supplements.
The dihydrate of Trisodium citrate (TSC).
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is the tribasic dihydrate sodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has the molecular formula Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is sometimes referred to simply as "sodium citrate", though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor, and is a mild alkali.

Trisodium citrate (TSC) is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) occurs as white, granular crystals or as white, crystalline powder with a pleasant, salty taste.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %).
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is chemically stable if stored at ambient temperatures.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.

Trisodium citrate (TSC) Chemical Properties
Melting point: >300 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.76
FEMA: 3026 | SODIUM CITRATE
Fp: 173.9 °C
Storage temp.: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Solubility H2O: 100 mg/mL
Form: powder
Color: white
PH: 7.0-9.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 7.5 - 9 at 29.4 g/l at 25 °C
Water Solubility: 720 g/L (25 ºC)
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,8602
BRN: 6104939
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with bases, reducing agents, oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K
LogP: -1.72
CAS DataBase Reference: 6132-04-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Trisodium citrate (TSC) (6132-04-3)

Trisodium citrate (TSC) is colorless crystals or white crystalline powder, and is odorless, cool and salty.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has no melting point with a relative density of 1.857.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is stable in air at room temperature with loss of crystal water when being heated to 150 °C loss of crystal water; further heating will cause its decomposition.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is insoluble in ethanol but highly soluble in water. 5% aqueous solution has a pH value of 7.6 to 8.6.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) consists of odorless, colorless, monoclinic crystals, or a white crystalline powder with a cooling, saline taste.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is slightly deliquescent in moist air, and in warm dry air it is efflorescent.
Although most pharmacopeias specify that Trisodium citrate (TSC) is the dihydrate, the USP 32 states that sodium citrate may be either the dihydrate or anhydrous material.

Uses
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be used as Ph adjusting agents and emulsifying enhancers applied to jam, candy, jelly and ice cream; its combination with citric acid has an effect of alleviating tour; Trisodium citrate (TSC) also has effects on forming complex with metal ions.
China rules that Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be applied to various types of food with appropriate usage according to the absolute necessity.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be used as a food additive, as complex agent and buffering agent in electroplating industry; at the field of pharmaceutical industry, it is used for the manufacturing of anti-clotting drugs; and used as the detergent additives in light industry.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used as the analysis agents used for chromatography analysis and can also used for preparing bacterial culture medium; moreover, it can also be applied into pharmaceutical industry.

Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be used for the flavoring processing of food, as stabilizers, buffers and deputy complex-forming agents in non-toxic electroplating industry; at pharmaceutical industry, it is used as anti-clotting agent, phlegm drugs and diuretics drugs.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can also be used in brewing, injection, newspaper and movies medicines.
Anticoagulant for collection of blood.
In photography; as sequestering agent to remove trace metals; as emulsifier, acidulant and sequestrant in foods.
An anticoagulant also used as a biological buffer
Trisodium citrate (TSC), is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.

Foods
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) 2s E number is E331.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is common as an ingredient in bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavor.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is found in gelatin mix, ice cream, yogurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine, amongst others.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be used as an emulsifying stabilizer when making cheese.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) allows the cheese to melt without becoming greasy by stopping the fats from separating.

Buffering
As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be found in the milk minicontainers used with coffee machines.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is the product of antacids, such as Alka-Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water.
The pH range of a solution of 5 g/100 ml water at 25 °C is 7.5 to 9.0.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the pH impact of the gastrointestinal system of humans, mainly in processed products such as cheese and yogurt, although Trisodium citrate (TSC) also has beneficial effects on the physical gel microstructure.

Chemistry
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is a component in Benedict's qualitative solution, often used in organic analysis to detect the presence of reducing sugars such as glucose.

Medicine
In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used sodium citrate as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, with Richard Lewisohn determining its correct concentration in 1915.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) continues to be used today in blood-collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks.
The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.
Recently, Trisodium citrate (TSC) has also been used as a locking agent in vascath and haemodialysis lines instead of heparin due to its lower risk of systemic anticoagulation.

In 2003, Ööpik et al. showed the use of Trisodium citrate (TSC) improved running performance over 5 km by 30 seconds.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used to relieve discomfort in urinary-tract infections, such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is a major component of the WHO oral rehydration solution.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used as an antacid, especially prior to anaesthesia, for caesarian section procedures to reduce the risks associated with the aspiration of gastric contents.

Boiler descaling
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is a particularly effective agent for removal of carbonate scale from boilers without removing them from operation and for cleaning automobile radiators.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Trisodium citrate (TSC), as either the dihydrate or anhydrous material, is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used in food products, primarily to adjust the pH of solutions.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is also used as a sequestering agent.
The anhydrous material is used in effervescent tablet formulations.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is additionally used as a blood anticoagulant either alone or in combination with other citrates such as disodium hydrogen citrate.
Therapeutically, Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used to relieve the painful irritation caused by cystitis, and also to treat dehydration and acidosis due to diarrhea.

Excellent performance
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is currently the most important citrate.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is produced by two steps: first starch food is fermented to generate citric acid; secondly, citric acid is neutralized by alkali to generate the final products.
Sodium citrate has the following excellent performance:
Safe and nontoxic properties; Since the basic raw material for the preparation of sodium citrate mainly comes from the food, Trisodium citrate (TSC) is absolutely safe and reliable without causing harm to human health.
The United Nations Food and Agriculture and the World Health Organization has no restriction in its daily intake, which means that this product can be considered as non-toxic food.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is biodegradable.
After subjecting to the dilution of a large amount of water, sodium citrate is partially converted into citrate, which coexists with sodium citrate in the same system.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is easy to subject to biological degradation at water by the action of oxygen, heat, light, bacteria and microbes.

Trisodium citrate (TSC)'s decomposition pathways are generally going through aconitic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid anhydride to be further converted to carbon dioxide and water.
The ability of forming complex with metal ions.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has a good capability of forming complex with some metal ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+; for other ions such as Fe2+, Trisodium citrate (TSC) also has a good complex-forming ability.
Excellent solubility, and the solubility increases with increasing temperature of water.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has a good capability for pH adjustment and a good buffering property.
Sodium citrate is a weak acid-strong alkali salt; When combined with citrate, they can form a pH buffer with strong compatibility; therefore, this is very useful for some cases in which it is not suitable to have large change of pH value.
In addition, Trisodium citrate (TSC) also has excellent retardation performance and stability.

Effect and application
During the process of clinically taking fresh blood, adding some amount of sterile Trisodium citrate (TSC) can play a role in prevent blood clotting; this is exactly taking advantage of the features that calcium citrate can form soluble complexes with calcium ion; In the field of medicine, Trisodium citrate (TSC) is used for the in vitro anti-clotting drugs and anticoagulants drugs, phlegm drugs, and diuretics drugs during blood transfusions; it can also used for cyanide-free electroplating industry; also used as developer for photographic industry.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can be used as flavoring agents, buffering materials, emulsifiers, and stabilizer in the food industry.
Moreover, Trisodium citrate (TSC) is also widely used in chemical, metallurgical industry, the absorption of sulfur dioxide exhaust with the absorption rate of 99% and regenerate liquid sulfur dioxide citrate for recycle application.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) has a good water solubility and a excellent cheating capability with Ca2 +, Mg2 + and other metal ions; it is biodegradable and has a strong dispersing ability and anti-redeposition ability; Daily-applied chemical detergents use it as alternative to trimer sodium phosphate for production of non-phosphorus detergent and phosphate-free liquid detergent.
Adding a certain amount Trisodium citrate (TSC) to the detergent can significantly increase the cleaning ability of detergent cleaning.
The large scale of application of Trisodium citrate (TSC) as a builder in detergents is an important discovery in synthetic detergent industry.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is non-toxic without environmental pollution; it can also be acted as a buffer for the production of cosmetics.

Production methods
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is produced by the neutralization of citric acid by sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate.
Dissolve sodium bicarbonate in water upon stirring and heating; add citric acid, continue to heat up to 85-90 °C; adjust the pH to 6.8; adjust active carbon for bleaching.
Filter when the mixture is still hot; condense the filtrate under reduced pressure; cool and the crystal comes out; filter, wash, dry to obtain the final products of sodium citrate.
C6H8O7 + 3NaHCO3 → C6H5Na3O7 • 2H2O + 3CO2 ↑ + H2O

Production Methods
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is prepared by adding sodium carbonate to a solution of citric acid until effervescence ceases.
The resulting solution is filtered and evaporated to dryness.

Biochem/physiol Actions
Trisodium citrate (TSC) can act as a buffering agent, resisting changes in pH.
Used in blood collection tubes, the citrate chelates calcium ions in blood and thereby disrupts blood clotting.
Citrate is a intermediate in the TCA cycle and fatty acid synthesis.
Trisodium citrate (TSC) is an allosteric modulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the enzyme that regulates the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a white, crystalline powder with a slightly salty, sour taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.


CAS Number: 6132-04-3
EC Number: 200-675-3
MDL number: MFCD00150031
Molecular Formula: C6H9Na3O9


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the trisodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a crystalline white powder that is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water, and practically insoluble in alcohol.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a versatile chemical substance used in a variety of applications in different industries.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a white, crystalline powder with a slightly salty, sour taste.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a white odorless chemical used as a food additive.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate occurs as white, granular crystals or as white, crystalline powder with a pleasant, salty taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %).


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is chemically stable if stored at ambient temperatures.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.


Citric acid is the product of a microbial fermentation using carbohydrate substrates.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is widely used as an excellent pH regulator and odourless buffering agent for bath and shower gels, creams, styling or decorative products.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is both ECOCERT and COSMOS approved.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is for the preparation of total ribosomal RNA from E. coli
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralization of citric acid with high purity sodium source and subsequent crystallization.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a sour taste similar to citric acid, and is salty as well.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, (molecular formula: Na3C6H5O7 • 2H2O) has molecular weight of 294.1, is a colorless crystal or white crystalline powder product; it is odorless, salty taste, and cool.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate will lose its crystal water at 150 °C and will be decomposed at even higher temperature.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has slight deliquescence in wet air and has weathering property upon hot air.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is soluble in water and glycerol, but insoluble in alcohol and some other organic solvents.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured by neutralizing citric acid derived from a submerged fermentation process.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP’s) under a comprehensive HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) program.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is considered “GRAS” (Generally
Recognized As Safe) by the United States Food and Drug Administration without restriction as to the quantity of use within good manufacturing practice.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also considered by the Experts Committee of the FAO/WHO to be a safe food additive without limitation according to good manufacturing practice.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a stable material.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured to meet the monograph specifications of major world codex and pharmacopoeia standards including the USP, FCC, BP, EP, FAO/WHO and is certified Kosher Pareve, Kosher for Passover, and Halal.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is available as translucent white crystals and has a slight saline taste.
Water of crystallization constitutes approximately twelve percent by weight of the dihydrate form.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a white powder or colourless crystals.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the dihydrate of trisodium citrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the tribasic dihydrate sodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) is a tribasic salt of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a urine alkalinizing agent.
After absorption Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is metabolized to produce bicarbonate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a white crystalline powder that is composed of sodium salt of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is highly soluble in water and has a sour taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (E331) is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Like citric acid, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a sour taste.


Like other salts, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has a salty taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gives club soda both its sour and salty flavors.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate reduces the acidity of foods, so it allows spherification with strongly acidic ingredients.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as an antioxidant in food as well as a sequestrant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate dissolves easily and acts instantaneously.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is odorless with a slightly saline taste.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is sodium salt of citrate which has an alkalinizing activity with the chemical name Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also called TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate or Citrosodine or Natrocitral.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7•2H2O, CAS Reg. No. 68–0904–092) is the sodium salt of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is prepared by neutralizing citric acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate occurs as colorless crystals or a white crystalline powder.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may be prepared in an anhydrous state or may contain two moles of water per mole of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the sodium salt of Citric Acid.
Like Citric acid, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a sour taste.
Like other salts, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has a salty taste.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly known as sour salt and is mainly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gives club soda both its salty and sour flavors.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate reduces the acidity of foods, so it allows spherification with strongly acidic ingredients.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as an antioxidant in food as well as a sequestrant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate dissolves easily and acts instantaneously.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate and citric acid combine in an oral solution to prevent kidney stones and metabolic acidosis.


This solution works by making your blood and pee less acidic.
You can mix this solution with 6 ounces of water before drinking it as directed.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may refer to any of the sodium salts of citric acid (though most commonly the third):
*MonoTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate
*DiTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate
*TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate


The three forms of salt are collectively known by the E number E331.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the trisodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a role as a flavouring agent and an anticoagulant.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate contains a citrate(3-).
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is white, crystalline powder or white, granular crystals, slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol.


Like citric acid, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a sour taste.
From the medical point of view, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as alkalinizing agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate works by neutralizing excess acid in the blood and urine.


Upon absorption, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate dissociates into sodium cations and citrate anions; organic citrate ions are metabolized to bicarbonate ions, resulting in an increase in the plasma bicarbonate concentration, the buffering of excess hydrogen ion, the raising of blood pH, and potentially the reversal of acidosis.


In addition, increases in free sodium load due to Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate administration may increase intravascular blood volume, facilitating the excretion of bicarbonate compounds and an anti-urolithic effect.
Sodium salts of citric acid are used as buffers and food preservatives.


They are used medically as anticoagulants in stored blood, and for urine alkalization in the prevention of KIDNEY STONES.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate increases the strong ion differenceSID=(Na++K++Ca2++Mg2+)−(Cl−+lactate−)provided that citrate is metabolized (Stewart concept).
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate is often referred to as Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, though Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a saline, mildly tart flavor.
The Cosmetics Ingredient Review panel has deemed Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate safe as used in skin care products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate serves as a preservative to ensure safe and durable products by inhibiting microbial growth.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also assists in the regulation of pH of cosmetic formulations.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate refers to sodium salts of citric acid.
MonoTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate, diTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate, and triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate are the three types of sodium salts of citric acid.


The three types of salts get collectively known as E number E 331.
However, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate mostly refers to the third type, that is, triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a compound obtained after the alkalizing activity, and it’s a sodium salt of citrate.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's chemical formula is Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a sodium salt of citrate, and it has an alkalinizing activity.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also Known as TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate.


The sodium salts of citric acid are known as Trisodium Citrate Dihydrates.
There are three sodium salts of citric acid types: monoTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate, diTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate, and triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
E number 331 (E331) refers to all three types of salts combined.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has the chemical formula Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor, and is a mild alkali.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has been indicated for the treatment of metabolic acidosis.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the sodium salt of citrate with alkalinizing activity.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a sodium salt of citrate obtained after the alkalizing activity, and its chemical formula is Na3C6H507.
On the other hand, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate refers to a third type: triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate.



USES and APPLICATIONS of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
In the cleaning industry Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used because of its excellent cleaning characteristics and its unusual property of being almost neutral yet portraying the characteristics of an acid as in descalers and an alkali as in degreasers.
Cleaning products include laundry powders and detergents, toilet cleaners, hard surface cleaners, carpet cleaners, dish washing liquids, powder and liquid degreasers and pre-soaks.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is becoming more and more popular now as it is considered environmentally friendly, it substitutes phosphates and is readily biodegradable.
In industry Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate finds many uses including alkaline degreaser baths, electroplating chemicals for copper and nickel etc, photo chemicals.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used in the paper and pulp industries and the textiles industry.
Cosmetics and personal care uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: In cosmetics and personal care products, trisodium citrate is used as a buffering agent to maintain the pH of formulations and as a preservative to prevent microbial growth.


Cleaning products uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in some cleaning products, particularly in eco-friendly and biodegradable formulations, due to its ability to soften water, remove soap scum, and dissolve scale deposits.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically used as a flavoring agent or as a preservative.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a plaster retardant.
The common hydrate form, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a food additive and flavouring agent, this product possesses a saline, mildly tart flavour that can help in water sensitive formulations like instant drinks as well as tablets and powders in pharmaceuticals and detergents.
In the food industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a flavor enhancer, acidity regulator, and emulsifier.


In the medical field, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant but it is also an ingredient in many personal care products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also an essential ingredient in dishwasher tablets, industrial cleaners, detergents, etc.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically used as a buffer component in biomolecule downstream processing and liquid formulation.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically used as a citrate buffer system component for biomolecule downstream chromatography steps or final liquid formulation.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a variety of applications in different industries due to its properties as a buffering agent, sequestrant, and emulsifying agent.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a high quality pharmaceutical excipient, offered with extensive documentation facilitating compliance, full supply chain transparency and risk mitigation.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the dihydrate of trisodium citrate.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a role as an anticoagulant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate contains a sodium citrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is often used as a food preservative, and as a flavoring in the food industry.


In the pharmaceutical industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to control pH.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may be used as an alkalizing agent, buffering agent, emulsifier, or sequestering agent.
Sodium salts of citric acid are used as buffers and food preservatives.


They are used medically as anticoagulants in stored blood, and for urine alkalization in the prevention of KIDNEY STONES.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.
Buffers pH and enhances action of methyl parabens.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in toothpastes & dental creams, effervescent denture cleansers, mouth rinses and oral hygiene products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a substrate for citrate lyase, a buffer component; an anticoagulant.
For anticoagulation use Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically used at a concentration of approximately 0.129 M (i.e. for 4.5 mL blood use 16.0 mg sodium citrate and 2.1 mg citric acid).


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used preparation of sodium citrate buffer for antigen unmasking in IHC.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has no toxic effect, and has pH adjusting capability as well as having a good stability, and therefore can be used in the food industry.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has the greatest demand when being used as a food additive.
As food additives, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is mainly used as flavoring agents, buffers, emulsifiers, bulking agents, stabilizers and preservatives.
In addition, combination between Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate and citric acid can be used in a variety of jams, jelly, juice, drinks, cold drinks, dairy products and pastries gelling agents, flavoring agents and nutritional supplements.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a substrate for citrate lyase, a buffer component; an anticoagulant.
For anticoagulation use Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically used at a concentration of approximately 0.129 M (i.e. for 4.5 mL blood use 16.0 mg sodium citrate and 2.1 mg citric acid).


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a source of Citric acid, a key metabolic intermediate.
Citrate is the starting point of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's concentration also coordinates several other metabolic pathways.
Citric acid can form complexes with various cations, particularly with iron and calcium.


In animals, citric acid improves the utilization of nutritional calcium.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also known as Sodium Citrate which is a sodium salt from citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in food products as a preservative as well as to add a tart flavor profile.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used as a flavoring agent in drinks as well as processed cheese, ice cream, yogurt and jams.
As an ingredient in personal care products, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in cosmetics and other skin care products primarily to control the pH level, as well as for its preservative properties.


As an ingredient in supplements, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate helps control pH in the kidneys helping to prevent gout and certain types of kidney stones.
In this application Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is normally combined with Citric Acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a useful reactant in organic synthesis.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a flavouring agent and an anticoagulant.
Moreover, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also widely used in chemical, metallurgical industry, the absorption of sulfur dioxide exhaust with the absorption rate of 99% and regenerate liquid sulfur dioxide citrate for recycle application.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a good water solubility and a excellent cheating capability with Ca2 +, Mg2 + and other metal ions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is biodegradable and has a strong dispersing ability and anti-redeposition ability.
Daily-applied chemical detergents use Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate as alternative to trimer sodium phosphate for production of non-phosphorus detergent and phosphate-free liquid detergent.


Adding a certain amount Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate to the detergent can significantly increase the cleaning ability of detergent cleaning.
The large scale of application of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate as a builder in detergents is an important discovery in synthetic detergent industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is non-toxic without environmental pollution.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also act as a buffer for the production of cosmetics.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as Ph adjusting agents and emulsifying enhancers applied to jam, candy, jelly and ice cream; its combination with citric acid has an effect of alleviating tour.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has effects on forming complex with metal ions.
China rules that Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be applied to various types of food with appropriate usage according to the absolute necessity.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as a food additive, as complex agent and buffering agent in electroplating industry; at the field of pharmaceutical industry.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used for the manufacturing of anti-clotting drugs, and used as the detergent additives in light industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as the analysis agents used for chromatography analysis and can also used for preparing bacterial culture medium.
Moreover, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be applied into pharmaceutical industry.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used for the flavoring processing of food, as stabilizers, buffers and deputy complex-forming agents in non-toxic electroplating industry.
At pharmaceutical industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as anti-clotting agent, phlegm drugs and diuretics drugs.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used in brewing, injection, newspaper and movies medicines.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant for collection of blood.


In photography, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a sequestering agent to remove trace metals
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as emulsifier, acidulant and sequestrant in foods.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant, also used as a biological buffer.


Food uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Baby Food, Infant Formula, Bakery, Cereals, Snacks, Confectionery, Dairy, Dairy Alternatives, Desserts, Ice Cream, Flavours, Fruit Preparations, Sweet Spreads, Fruits, Vegetables, Meat Alternatives, Meat, Seafood, Plant-based Products, Ready Meals, Instant Food, Sauces, Dressings, Seasonings.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used laboratory reagent.


Healthcare uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Clinical Nutrition, Medical Devices, OTC, Food Supplements, and Pharmaceutical Products
Personal Care uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Colour Cosmetics, Fragrances, Hair Care, Oral Care, Skin Care,, and Soap and Bath Products
Cleaners & Detergents uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Dish Washing, Industrial Cleaners, Laundry Care, and Surface Care.


Industrial Applications uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Adhesives, Sealants, Agrochemicals, Fertilisers, Construction, Fine Chemicals, Inks, Paints, Coatings, Oil Drilling, Paper, Plastics, Polymers, Textile, and Leather.
Feed & Pet Food uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Feed, and Pet Food


Pharma uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Buffering agent, Chelating agent, Mineral source.
Beverages uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Alcoholic Beverages, Carbonated Soft Drinks, Instant Drinks, Syrups, Juice Drinks, Plant-based, RTD Tea and Coffee, Sports and Energy Drinks, Waters.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as an emulsifier for oils in the cheesemaking process.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate allows cheese to melt without becoming greasy.
Historically, sodium phosphate was used to keep water and fat droplets mixed when cheese is melted.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Soy Products Bakery Flavors.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Table Top Product Dairy Confectionery.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Fruits, Vegetables Meat, Seafood , Cereals, Snacks Desserts, Ice Cream Ready Meals, Instant Food.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Fruit Preparations, Sweet Spreads Baby Food, Infant Formula.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Sauces, Dressings, Seasoning.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate helps in enabling the melting of cheeses by not becoming greasy.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in drinks and food as an acidity regulator.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an emulsifier for oils.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a pharmaceutical aid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant for the blood.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to prevent curdling of milk.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a food additive.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to avoid clotting of fresh beef blood.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in electroplating.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Fruits & Vegetables: Jams & Jellies, Preserves, and Meat & Fish.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has significant applications in food and beverage, healthcare, and other industries.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate usage is primarily done as an emulsifier in the production of dairy products such as cheese because it can keep a dairy product fresh for many days longer than other solutions.


Sodium citric acid is also a flavoring agent in many products such as milk powders, ice cream, wine, beverages, and jams.
Metabolic acidosis uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has applications for the treatment of metabolic acidosis and chronic kidney disease.
Ferrous nanoparticles uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate: Along with oleic acid Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may be used in the synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle coatings.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to relieve discomfort in urinary-tract infections, such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a major component of the WHO oral rehydration solution.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an antacid, especially prior to anaesthesia, for caesarian section procedures to reduce the risks associated with the aspiration of gastric contents.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrateprevents and treats high acid levels in your body.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may also be used to help prevent gout or kidney stones, conditions caused by high uric acid levels.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate works by decreasing the amount of acid in your body.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used to treat metabolic acidosis, where the generated bicarbonate buffers excess hydrogen ions in the blood, raising its p H.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used to alkalinize urine by promoting urinary excretion of free bicarbonate and therefore hydrogen ions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used to prevent development of renal stones that develop in acidic urine Fan et al, and in solution is administered as a bladder irritant during urological surgery.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is administered rectally as an osmotic laxative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a compound commonly used as an acidity regulator, an emulsifier, and a flavor enhancer in a wide range of food products and as a component of electrolyte solutions in medical settings.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as a sequestrant, which means it can bind to metal ions in food and prevent them from reacting with other ingredients.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also often used in cheese-making as a emulsifying salt, and as a coagulant in tofu production.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly added to soft drinks, ice cream, and other processed foods as a flavor enhancer and preservative.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used in medical applications, such as to prevent blood clots during surgery.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used in cosmetic products, such as shampoos and body washes, as a pH regulator and as a chelating agent to prevent discoloration and maintain the stability of the product.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a salt of citric acid.
Use a small amount of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate to make a melty cheese sauce out of any cheese.
Add to spherification liquids to neutralize the pH when needed


Commonly used as a sequestrant and pH buffer in food and beverages
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is widely used as a food preservative, for alkalization of urine to prevent kidney stones, as an anticoagulant for stored blood, and buffer.
Cosmetic manufacturers use Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate to adjust the acidity of a product.


Citrate, in the form of citric acid, is also found in citric fruits and juices.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a flavouring agent and an anticoagulant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to make urine less acidic and therefore prevent the formation of kidney stones.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate/citric acid also is useful as a buffer and neutralizing agent for gastric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is broken down to sodium bicarbonate which decreases the acidity of urine, increasing the excretion of substances that cause kidney stones.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly known as sour salt and is mainly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has major applications in food and beverage, healthcare, and other industrial ones too.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a food additive, as a buffering agent and can also be used in medical applications.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used anticoagulant for collection of blood.


In photography; Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as sequestering agent to remove trace metals.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as emulsifier, acidulant and sequestrant in foods.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a useful and commonly used reagent.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the sodium salt of citric acid, it is commonly added to cosmetic and food preparations as a chelating and buffering agent.
Buffers help to maintain the pH of a product and keep it stable.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has mild antioxidant properties and can act as a co-preservative.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is in the form of TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate Dihydrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is intended for external use only.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a vital substance in the medicine and food industries.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a salt of citric acid, a natural organic acid found in citrus fruits, corn, and other foods.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is available in colorless crystals or white powder.
This is typically sold as white, crystalline triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate dihydrate.


As a food additive, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is widely used as a flavoring agent and a preservative in the food industry.
Flavoring agents like E331 are most commonly seen.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the sodium salt of citrate and is the compound formed after alkalinizing activity.


Citrate anions and sodium cations are formed upon absorption of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a sodium salt of citrate with alkalinizing properties.
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate is another name for Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as a food preservative, an anticoagulant for stored blood, and an alkalizing agent for urine to eliminate kidney stones.
The three types of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate are monosodium, disodium, and triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrates.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is mildly basic and can be used along with citric acid to make biologically compatible buffers.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is primarily used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
In certain varieties of club soda, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is employed as a flavoring agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a common ingredient in Bratwurst, and is also used to contribute a tart flavor in commercial, ready-to- drink beverages and drink mixes.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is found in gelatin mix, ice-cream, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine.
If used together with Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, it is possible for citric acid to help maintain the flavor of other types of soft drinks without adding to the tanginess.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also provide a cool saline taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used Dish Washing Industrial Cleaners and Laundry Care Surface Care.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate acts as a buffering agent in cosmetics products to control their pH level.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used as a preservative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in various cosmetic products, including baby products, make-up, bath products, hair dyes and colors and skin care products.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate in skin care is used primarily to control the pH level of a product (such as in cleansers and exfoliants).
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a salt of citric acid, which, as the name implies, can be derived from citrus fruits.
Because of its connection to citric acid, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has antioxidant and mild, but limited, preservative properties.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has several other useful applications, including its use as a chelating agent, which keeps metals in water from binding to other ingredients and impacting their efficacy.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is supplied in crystal or powder form, and used at concentrations no higher than 12%.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate’s also a food additive used to keep food fresher longer and prevent melted cheese from becoming greasy.
In the medical field Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to keep donated blood from clotting in storage.


A little helper ingredient, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to adjust the pH of the product.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also helps to keep products stay nice longer by neutralizing the metal ions in the formula (they usually come from water).
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is widely used as a food preservative, anticoagulant for stored blood, and alkalization of urine to get rid of kidney stones.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate formula is Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gets majorly used in medicine as well as the food industry.


-Pharmaceutical industry uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant in blood collection tubes, a buffering agent in various medications, and a urinary alkalizer to help treat certain kidney conditions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used as an osmotic laxative to relieve constipation.


-Laboratory applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
In the laboratory setting, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used as a buffer in molecular biology experiments, particularly in gel electrophoresis and DNA extraction procedures.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate helps maintain a stable pH and protects samples from degradation.



-Pharmacodynamics uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate prevents activation of the clotting cascade by chelating calcium ions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate neutralizes acid in the stomach and urine, raising the pH 8.


-Food applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as acidity regulators in food and drinks, and also as emulsifiers for oils.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate enables cheeses to melt without becoming greasy.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate reduces the acidity of food as well.


-Blood clotting inhibitor uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to prevent donated blood from clotting in storage.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used in a laboratory, before an operation, to determine whether a person's blood is too thick and might cause a blood clot, or if the blood is too thin to safely operate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in medical contexts as an alkalinizing agent in place of sodium bicarbonate, to neutralize excess acid in the blood and urine.


-Foods uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's E number is E331.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is common as an ingredient in bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavor.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is found in gelatin mix, ice cream, yogurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine, amongst others.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as an emulsifying stabilizer when making cheese.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate allows the cheese to melt without becoming greasy by stopping the fats from separating.


-Buffering uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
As a conjugate base of a weak acid, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be found in the milk minicontainers used with coffee machines.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the product of antacids, such as Alka-Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water.
The pH of a solution of 5 g/100 ml water at 25 °C is 7.5 – 9.0.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the pH impact of the gastrointestinal system of humans, mainly in processed products such as cheese and yogurt, although Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has beneficial effects on the physical gel microstructure.


-Chemistry uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a component in Benedict's qualitative solution, often used in organic analysis to detect the presence of reducing sugars such as glucose.


-Medicine uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, with Richard Lewisohn determining its correct concentration in 1915.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate continues to be used today in blood-collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks.

The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.
Recently, triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate has also been used as a locking agent in vascath and haemodialysis lines instead of heparin due to its lower risk of systemic anticoagulation.


-Boiler descaling uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a particularly effective agent for removal of carbonate scale from boilers without removing them from operation and for cleaning automobile radiators.


-Food & Beverage uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate dihydrate is the most widely used emulsifying salt in sliced processed cheese products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used as a buffering agent in combination with citric acid to provide precise pH control required in many food and beverage applications.


-Food and Beverage uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an emulsifying salt in processed cheese products.
The cheese may melt without getting greasy thanks to Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
When combined with citric acid, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate acts as a buffering agent, allowing for precise pH regulation in various foods and beverages.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate prevents milk from curdling.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is employed in the emulsification of oils.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's primary purpose is to act as a food additive to enhance flavor or preserve food.


-Healthcare uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is an effective blood anticoagulant.
As a result, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is frequently used for blood collection and storage.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can help to alleviate the discomfort associated with urinary tract infections.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used as a laxative to treat acidosis.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate’s essential to the World Health Organization’s oral rehydration solution.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used as an antacid, particularly before surgery.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is found in many pharmaceuticals, colors, cosmetics, and deodorants.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be found in hair, oral, skin, and bathing products.
To treat excess acid in the stomach, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate acts as a buffer and a neutralizing agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used to treat metabolic acidosis, a type of renal problem that affects some people.


-Industrial Applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in industry as a cleaner.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate aids in the removal of calcium and rust layers from hot water systems and steam lines.
In electroplating processes, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also acts as a buffering and complexing agent.

Citric acid’s chelating ability and non-toxicity benefit the textile and building industries.
To avoid microbial contamination, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a flavoring and preservative (i.e. as a food additive).
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an oil emulsifier in cheese production.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a buffering agent in cosmetics to keep the pH stable.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in soft and refreshing drinks to reduce sourness and enhance flavor.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is found in dishwashing detergents, laundry detergents, and surface-active agents.


-Food and Beverage uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gets used as an emulsifying salt in processed cheese products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate facilitates the melting of cheese without becoming greasy.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate works as a buffering agent in combination with citric acid, and it offers accurate pH control necessary for numerous foods and beverages.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's main job is being a food additive, either for flavor to improve taste or preservation purposes.


-Healthcare uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate works perfectly as an anticoagulant for the blood.
Thus, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gets widely used for blood collection and storage purposes.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can provide relief from the discomfort in urinary tract infections.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also a great laxative and reduces several acidosis issues.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate’s a significant ingredient of WHO’s oral rehydration solution.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also serves as an antacid, especially before anaesthesia.
You can easily find Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate in many pharmaceutical products, colour, cosmetics, and deodorants.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate’s also present in hair care, oral care, skincare, and bathing products.


-Industrial Applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an industrial cleaner.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate helps with clearing steam blocks, hot water systems of calcium and rust layers.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also serves as a buffering and complexing agent in electroplating processes.
Textile and building industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gets benefited by the chelating ability and non-toxicity of citric acid.



EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
During the process of clinically taking fresh blood, adding some amount of sterile sodium citrate can play a role in prevent blood clotting; this is exactly taking advantage of the features that calcium citrate can form soluble complexes with calcium ion; In the field of medicine, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used for the in vitro anti-clotting drugs and anticoagulants drugs, phlegm drugs, and diuretics drugs during blood transfusions; it can also used for cyanide-free electroplating industry; also used as developer for photographic industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as flavoring agents, buffering materials, emulsifiers, and stabilizer in the food industry.



PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, as either the dihydrate or anhydrous material, is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in food products, primarily to adjust the pH of solutions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as a sequestering agent. The anhydrous material is used in effervescent tablet formulations. Trisodium Citrate

Dihydrate is additionally used as a blood anticoagulant either alone or in combination with other citrates such as disodium hydrogen citrate.
Therapeutically, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to relieve the painful irritation caused by cystitis, and also to treat dehydration and acidosis due to diarrhea.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is colorless crystals or white crystalline powder, and is odorless, cool and salty.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has no melting point with a relative density of 1.857.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is stable in air at room temperature with loss of crystal water when being heated to 150 °C loss of crystal water; further heating will cause its decomposition.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is insoluble in ethanol but highly soluble in water. 5% aqueous solution has a pH value of 7.6 to 8.6.



CHARACTERISTICS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a White, granular crystals or a white, crystalline powder; slightly deliquescent (tending to absorb moisture from the air and dissolve in it) in moist air, is freely soluble in water, and practically insoluble in ethanol (96%).
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is practically odorless and is colorless in solution.



SPECIFICATIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is GRAS affirmed under 21 CFR 184.1751.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate meets all requirements of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia, Food Chemical Codex, Code of Federal Regulations and European Pharmacopoeia.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate goes by EC No. 200-675-3, E Number E331 and CAS No. 6132-04-3.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is certified as Kosher.



EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is currently the most important citrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by two steps: first starch food is fermented to generate citric acid; secondly, citric acid is neutralized by alkali to generate the final products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has the following excellent performance:



SAFE AND NONTOXIC PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Since the basic raw material for the preparation of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate mainly comes from the food, it is absolutely safe and reliable without causing harm to human health.
The United Nations Food and Agriculture and the World Health Organization has no restriction in its daily intake, which means that Trisodium Citrate

Dihydrate can be considered as non-toxic food.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is biodegradable.
After subjecting to the dilution of a large amount of water, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is partially converted into citrate, which coexists with Trisodium
Citrate Dihydrate in the same system.

Citrate is easy to subject to biological degradation at water by the action of oxygen, heat, light, bacteria and microbes.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's decomposition pathways are generally going through aconitic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid anhydride to be further converted to carbon dioxide and water.

The ability of forming complex with metal ions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a good capability of forming complex with some metal ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+; for other ions such as Fe2+, it also has a good complex-forming ability.
Excellent solubility, and the solubility increases with increasing temperature of water.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a good capability for pH adjustment and a good buffering property.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a weak acid-strong alkali salt; When combined with citrate, they can form a pH buffer with strong compatibility; therefore, this is very useful for some cases in which it is not suitable to have large change of pH value.
In addition, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has excellent retardation performance and stability.



MAIN FUNCTIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*pH regulator
*Chelating agent
*Buffering agent
*Flavour enhancer
*Stabiliser
*Emulsifying agent



PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*Dihydrate
*White
*Granular crystals or crystalline powder
*Typical, practically odourless
*Pleasantly salty
*Freely soluble in water
*Practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %)
*Non-toxic
*Low reactive
*Chemically and microbiologically stable
*Fully biodegradable



PRODUCTION METHODS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by the neutralization of citric acid by sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate.
Dissolve sodium bicarbonate in water upon stirring and heating; add citric acid, continue to heat up to 85-90 °C; adjust the pH to 6.8; adjust active carbon for bleaching.

Filter when the mixture is still hot; condense the filtrate under reduced pressure; cool and the crystal comes out; filter, wash, dry to obtain the final products of sodium citrate.
C6H8O7 + 3NaHCO3 → C6H5Na3O7 • 2H2O + 3CO2 ↑ + H2O



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate consists of odorless, colorless, monoclinic crystals, or a white crystalline powder with a cooling, saline taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is slightly deliquescent in moist air, and in warm dry air it is efflorescent.



PRODUCTION METHODS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is prepared by adding sodium carbonate to a solution of citric acid until effervescence ceases.
The resulting solution is filtered and evaporated to dryness.



FUNCTIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*Sequestering Agent,
*Buffering Agent,
*Supplement,
*Stabilizer,
*Emulsifier



PURIFICATION METHODS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Crystallise the salt from warm water by cooling to 0o.



INCOMPATIBILITIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Aqueous solutions are slightly alkaline and will react with acidic substances.
Alkaloidal salts may be precipitated from their aqueous or hydro-alcohol solutions.
Calcium and strontium salts will cause precipitation of the corresponding citrates.
Other incompatibilities include bases, reducing agents, and oxidizing agents.



BIOCHME/PHYSIOL ACTIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can act as a buffering agent, resisting changes in pH.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in blood collection tubes, the citrate chelates calcium ions in blood and thereby disrupts blood clotting.
Citrate is a intermediate in the TCA cycle and fatty acid synthesis.
Citrate is an allosteric modulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the enzyme that regulates the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.



USING TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE TO RETARD PLASTER MIXES:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, is sometimes used in plastering as a retarder or setting time regulator.
Plaster is made by mixing gypsum powder with water, and then the mixture is applied to a surface where it hardens as it dries
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be added to the water used to mix the plaster to slow down the setting time of the mixture.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be useful in situations where more time is needed to work with the plaster or to apply it to a surface, as it prevents the plaster from setting too quickly.
The amount of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate required to slow down the setting time of plaster can vary depending on the specific application and the desired outcome.

As a general guideline, a concentration of 0.2% to 0.5% of the weight of the gypsum in the plaster mixture is often used.
For example, if you are using 1 kilogram of gypsum powder to make your plaster mixture, you could add between 2 to 5 grams of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate to the water used to mix the plaster.

However, it's important to note that adding too much Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can weaken the strength of the plaster and affect its overall quality.
So, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's recommended to start with a small amount and gradually increase the concentration until you achieve the desired setting time without compromising the strength of the plaster.



SKIN CARE USES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
The pH of a product is established and maintained by Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
While the skin's normal pH is slightly acidic, typically between 4.75 and 5.5, which effectively protects the skin from environmental factors such as allergens, pollutants, and bacteria, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can buffer solutions in the pH range of about 3 to 6.2.

The skin's acidity can change as a result of everything that comes into contact with Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, including cosmetics, the sun, water, pollution, etc.
This ultimately hinders the skin's capacity to defend itself.
In order to maintain the skin's normal pH as closely as possible, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is crucial to balance the pH of cosmetics and skincare products.

A highly acidic product may irritate the skin, and a highly alkaline one may decrease its lipid contents.
By using an ingredient like Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, cosmetic manufacturers can adjust the pH of their formulations, resulting in a product that is better suited to the skin



CLEANERS AND DETERGENTS USES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
The major components of cleaning products are surfactants and builders.
Other ingredients are added to provide a variety of functions, e.g., increasing cleaning performance for specific soils/surfaces, ensuring product stability, and supplying a unique identity to a product.

Complex phosphates and Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate are common sequestering builders.
Builders enhance or maintain the cleaning efficiency of the surfactant.
The primary function of builders is to reduce water hardness.

This is done either by sequestration or chelation (holding hardness minerals in solution); by precipitation (forming an insoluble substance); or by ion exchange (trading electrically charged particles).
Builders can also supply and maintain alkalinity, which assists cleaning, especially of acid soils; help keep removed soil from redepositing during washing, and emulsify oily and greasy soils.



FUNCTIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate acts as an emulsifier
*Buffering agent
*Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate acts as a sequestrant



ALTERNATIVES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*SODIUM POLYASPARTATE,
*SODIUM PHYTATE,
*SORBIC ACID,
*BENZOIC ACID



PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's molecular formula is Na3C6H5O7, and its molecular weight or molar mass is 258.068 g/mol.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's appearance is white and comes in the form of crystalline powder, or granular crystals.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate’s soluble in water and becomes deliquescent upon contact with moist air.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate’s insoluble in alcohol.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a sour taste like citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a total number of seven hydrogen bond acceptors and one hydrogen bond donor.

Monoisotopic mass of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is 257.973 g/mol.
The melting point of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is anywhere > (greater than) 3000 Celsius or 572 oF; 573K.



TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE AT A GLANCE:
*Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a salt of citric acid, which can be derived from citrus
*Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is primarily used to control the pH level of a product
*Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has antioxidant and preservative properties
*Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used in food and medical applications



WHAT DOES TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Buffering
*Chelating
*Preservative



FORMULA OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's constituents are sodium and citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's molecular formula is
C6H5Na3O7 or C6H5O7.3Na or Na3C6H5O7.

TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate or Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate are the IUPAC names for Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also known by other names, such as Natrocitral Citrosodine.

Formation of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
When citric acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate in the presence of water in a bath bomb, this is formed.
C6H8O7 + 3NaHCO3 + H2O ⇢ Na3C6H5O7 + 3H2O + 3CO2



WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE ON THE BODY?
This is nothing more than a sodium salt with a citric acid base.
To reduce the urine’s acidity, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate medication is used.
As a result, the kidneys can excrete uric acid, which can help prevent kidney stones and gout.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also treat and prevent kidney disease and metabolic issues such as acidosis.
In coagulation tests, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also functions as an anticoagulant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can aid in the prevention of coagulation by forming a calcium ion complex.
In all of these ways, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to treat and prevent diseases.



EXPLAIN THE SOLUBILITY OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is stable in dry air but becomes anhydrous when exposed to 150 °C.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is 1.3 parts water soluble and 0.6 parts boiling water soluble.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is almost entirely insoluble in alcohol.
According to material safety data sheets, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's solubility at 25° C is 29 grams/Liter and 42.5 grams/100 according to International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC).



HOW TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE IS PRODUCED COMMERCIALLY?
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically produced by mixing a bit of sodium carbonate monohydrate with a hot aqueous five-citric acid solution.
The resulting solution is evaporated until crystallization occurs. Another way to make Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is to decompose calcium citrate with an alkali metal salt.
The sodium salt of ten citric acids is known to exist in two forms: the so-called pentahydrate,15, and the di-hydrate CsH5O7Na3.2H2O



CONCLUSION OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, also called triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate is formed when citric acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate in the presence of water in a bath bomb.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a compound widely used in industries, healthcare, food, and beverages.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a familiar pH adjuster and water softener.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be found in many personal care products, including liquid laundry detergent, shampoo, conditioner, sunscreen, facial moisturizer, makeup, and soap.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also commonly used to control acidity in foods and pharmaceuticals.



SAFETY PROFILE OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has reviewed scientific literature and data on the safety of citric acid and its esters and salts, like Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.

Their findings showed that citric acid, its esters, and salts did not irritate the eyes or cause skin irritation or allergic skin reactions at concentrations used in cosmetics and skincare products.
In light of the available scientific evidence, the Expert Panel came to the conclusion that citric acid, its esters, and salts were safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products under the circumstances at hand.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
CAS number: 6132-04-3
EC number: 200-675-3
Hill Formula: C₆H₅Na₃O₇ * 2 H₂O
Molar Mass: 294.10 g/mol
HS Code: 2918 15 00
Melting Point: 300 °C (anhydrous substance)
pH value: 7.5 - 9.0 (50 g/l, H₂O, 25 °C)
Bulk density: 600 kg/m3
Solubility: 720 g/l
Molecular Weight: 294.10 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 9
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 293.99396471 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 293.99396471 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 143Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 18
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 211
Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 6
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: solid
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: 300 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 7,5 - 9 at 29,4 g/l at 25 °C

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 29,4 g/l at 20 °C - completely soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Bulk density: ca.600 kg/m3
CAS NUMBER: 6132-04-3
MOLECULAR FORMULA: C6H5O7Na3·2H2O
BEILSTEIN REGISTRY NUMBER: 6104939
EC NUMBER: 200-675-3
MDL NUMBER: MFCD00150031
CBNumber:CB9752065
Molecular Formula:C6H9Na3O9

Molecular Weight:294.1
MDL Number:MFCD00150031
MOL File:6132-04-3.mol
Melting point: >300 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.76
FEMA: 3026 | SODIUM CITRATE
Flash point: 173.9 °C
storage temp.: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 100 mg/mL
form: powder
color: white
PH: 7.0-9.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 7.5 - 9 at 29.4 g/l at 25 °C
Water Solubility: 720 g/L (25 ºC)
λmax:
λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,8602
BRN: 6104939

Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with bases, reducing agents, oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K
LogP: -1.72
CAS DataBase Reference: 6132-04-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA UNII: B22547B95K
EPA Substance Registry System: 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate (6132-04-3)
IUPAC Name: trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate
Molecular Weight: 294.10
Molecular Formula: C6H9Na3O9
Canonical SMILES: C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+]
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H8O7.3Na.2H2O/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;;2*1H2/q;3*+1;;/p-3
InChIKey: NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K
Boiling Point: 309.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: 300ºC
Flash Point: 155.2ºC
Density: 1.76 g/cm3
Solubility: Solubility in water, g/100ml: 77
Appearance: White powder or crystals
Storage: Store at RT.
Hazard Codes: Xi
Log P: -5.38120
PSA: 159.8

Refractive Index: 1.58
Risk Statements R37/38
RTECS: GE7810000
Safety Statements: S24/25
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with bases, reducing agents, oxidizing agents.
Molecular Formula: C6H5O7Na3 ● 2 H2O
Molecular Weight: 294.10
CAS Number: 6132-04-3
E-NR: E 331
EINECS: 20-06-753
CAS No: 6132–04–3
EINECS No: 200–675–3
Empirical formula: C6H5Na3O7 . 2H2O
Molecular mass: 294.10 g/mol
Density: 1.7g/cm3
Appearance: colourless crystals or white, granular powder
pH: 8 – 8.7 at 50g/L at 25C
Melting point: >300 C
Solubility in water: 760 g/L (25C)
Easily soluble in hot water.
Soluble in cold water.

Insoluble in alcohol.
Soluble in 1.3 parts water.
Soluble in 0.6 parts boiling water.
Formula: Na₃C₆H₅O₇·2H₂O
MW: 294,1 g/mol
Melting Pt: 150 °C
Density: 1,76 g/cm³ (20 °C)
Storage Temperature: Ambient
MDL Number: MFCD00150031
CAS Number: 6132-04-3
EINECS: 200-675-3
Merck Index: 13,08675
Density: 1.76
Boiling Point: 309.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: >300 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula: C6H9Na3O9
Molecular Weight: 294.10
Flash Point: 173.9 °C
Exact Mass: 293.993958
PSA: 159.08000
Index of Refraction: 1.58
Storage condition: Store at RT.
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with bases, reducing agents, oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility: 720 g/L (25 ºC)



FIRST AID MEASURES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*If inhaled
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, hydrate (1:3:2)
Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate dihydrate
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
N 1560
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate dihydrate
6132-04-3
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Sodium citrate hydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
MFCD00150031
B22547B95K
Nauzene
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate
DTXSID1049437
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE
Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate
N-1560
Sodium citrate hydrous
Natrii citras, dehydrate
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
MFCD00130806
tri-sodium citrate dihydrate
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (II)
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [II]
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (USP MONOGRAPH)
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Sodiumcitrate
Tricitrasol
Natrum citricum
Emetrol Chewables
Tricitrasol (TN)
Sodium citrate
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Sodium Citrate Dihydrate
Sodium citrate (TN)
CVS HealthNausea Relief
Emetrol Chewables Orange
Sodium citrate [USP:JAN]
Sodiumcitratetribasicdihydrate
Emetrol Chewables Mixed Berry
SODIUM CITRATE [FHFI]
DTXCID0029397
Sodium citrate hydrate (JP17)
UNII-B22547B95K
CHEBI:32142
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, ACS
NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS [II]
SODIUM CITRATE HYDRATE [JAN]
SODIUM CITRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [MI]
AKOS025293920
Citronensaeure,Trinatrium-Salz-Dihydrat
Sodium citrate dihydrate, >=99%, FG
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [VANDF]
BP-31019
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [WHO-DD]
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, >=98%
Sodium citrate dihydrate, ACS reagent grade
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
D01781
F82065
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, AR, >=99%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, LR, >=99%
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate ACS reagent
NATRII CITRAS, DEHYDRATE [WHO-IP LATIN]
A833161
A835986
Q22075862
Sodium citrate dihydrate Biochemical grade, Fine Granular
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, USP, 99.0-100.5%
Sodium Citrate Tribasic Dihydrate (Molecular Biology Grade)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
trisodium 2-oxidanylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrateTrisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, insect cell culture tested
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, purum p.a., >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, tested according to Ph.Eur.
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate--water (1/2)
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, meets USP testing specifications
2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioXtra, >=99.0% (titration)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, for molecular biology, >=99%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Sodium citrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 99-101%
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, hydrate (1:3:2)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=99.0%
Sodium Citrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=98% (titration), powder
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Trisodium Citrate, Sodium Citrate, Dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Citric Acid Trisodium Salt Dihydrate
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Citronensaeure-tri-na-salz-dihydrat
Natriumcitrat-Dihydrat
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Sodium Citrate, trisodium salt
CITRIC ACID MONO
SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC DIHYDRATE
TRI-SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
SodiuM Citrate (AS);NATRII CITRAS
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE
ACIDUM CITRICUM MONOHYDRICUM
CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE
BETA-HYDROXY-TRICARBOXYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE
abs9147
Sodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Citric Acid Trisodium Salt Dihydrate
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Citronensaeure-tri-na-salz-dihydrat
Natriumcitrat-Dihydrat
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Sodium Citrate, trisodium salt
Sodium citrate dihydrate
Trisodium citrate, trisodium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricar­boxylic acid
trisodium salt of -hydroxy-tricarballylic acid
Natrocitral
Citrate sodique
Sodium Citrate Dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate,Sodium Citrate
Dihydrate,Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate
Citrosodine
Citric acid, trisodium salt
E331
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
68-04-2
TRITRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate anhydrous
Citrosodine
Natrocitral
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, anhydrous
Citric acid, trisodium salt
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate, anhydrous
anhydrous Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt
Sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
FEMA No. 3026
CCRIS 3293
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (Na3C6H5O7)
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate,anhydrous
HSDB 5201
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium-citrate
Anhydrous triTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate
UNII-RS7A450LGA
EINECS 200-675-3
Bicitra
Pneucid
Trisodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
994-36-5
CHEBI:53258
RS7A450LGA
INS NO.331(III)
INS-331(III)
EC 200-675-3
E-331(III)
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
MFCD00012462
FEMA NO. 3026, ANHYDROUS-
Citrosodina
Citnatin
Citreme
Citrosodna
EINECS 213-618-2
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate hydrous
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate anhydrous
Natrii citras, dehydrate
E 331
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
UNII-68538UP9SE
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt
EINECS 242-734-6
C6H5Na3O7
EC 242-734-6
Oracit
Natrii citras
tri-Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate salt
Albright's Solution
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:3)
sodium (iii) citrate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (USP)
Modified Shohl's Solution
Anticoagulant Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
1Q73Q2JULR
CHEMBL1355
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (II)
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [MI]
Citrate Concentrated Solution
DTXSID2026363
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (USP-RS)
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt
Citric acid trisodium salt, 99%
HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE, UNSPECIFIED
NATRII CITRAS [WHO-IP LATIN]
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (USP IMPURITY)
AKOS015915009
DB09154
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE ANHYDROUS [HSDB]
ANHYDROUS TRITRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [II]
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE, UNSPECIFIED FORM
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE,ANHYDROUS [VANDF]
8055-55-8
AC-15008
E331
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate dihydrate USP Fine Granular
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE, ANHYDROUS [WHO-IP]
FT-0623960
EN300-74572
D05855
D77308
ANHYDROUS TRITRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Q409728
J-520101
Citric acid trisodium salt, anhydrous, >=98% (GC)
Citric acid trisodium salt, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate tribasic dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate dihydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid
2-hydroxy, trisodium salt
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:3)
Citric acid, trisodium salt
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt
Citnatin
Citra-lock
Citreme
Citrosodina
Citrosodine
Cystemme
Iona
Natrocitral
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate anhydrous
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate H
Unifine P 3
Urisal
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt
Citric acid, trisodium salt
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate anhydrous
TriTrisodium Citrate Dihydrate
Citrato de trisodio, dihidrato
Citrate de trisodium, dihydrate
Trisodio citrato diidrato
Trinatriumcitraatdihydraat
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylic Acid Trisodium Salt Dihydrate
2-Hydroxy-,1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic Acid Trisodium Salt (9CI)
Citric Acid, Trisodium Salt (8CI)
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (Na3C6H5O7) (7CI)

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the dihydrate of trisodium citrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a role as an anticoagulant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate contains a sodium citrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) is a tribasic salt of citric acid.


CAS Number: 6132-04-3
EC Number 200-675-3
Molecular Formula: C6H9Na3O9 or C6H5Na3O7.2H2O


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a sour taste similar to citric acid, and is salty as well.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.


Trisodium citrate dihydrate occurs as white, granular crystals or as white, crystalline powder with a pleasant, salty taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %).
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is chemically stable if stored at ambient temperatures.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is available in various granulations.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is soluble in water.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is insoluble in alcohol.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.
Citric acid is the product of a microbial fermentation using carbohydrate substrates.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a chemical compound that is used as a buffer and to maintain the pH of solutions.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is free soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol(96 percent).
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralization of citric acid with high purity sodium source (sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate) and subsequent crystallization.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured by neutralizing citric acid derived from a submerged fermentation process.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is considered “GRAS” (Generally Recognized As Safe) by the United States Food and Drug


Administration without restriction as to the quantity of use within good manufacturing practice.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also considered by the Experts Committee of the FAO/WHO to be a safe food additive without limitation according to good manufacturing practice.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured to meet the monograph specifications of major world codex and pharmacopoeia standards including the USP, FCC, BP, EP, FAO/WHO.
Cargill Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is available as translucent white crystals and has a slight saline taste.
Water of crystallization constitutes approximately twelve percent by weight of the dihydrate form.


Citrate is a intermediate in the Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate cycle and fatty acid synthesis.
Citrate is an allosteric modulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the enzyme that regulates the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a useful reactant in organic synthesis.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate consists of colourless to white crystals and is practically odourless.


Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.
Citric acid is the product of a microbial fermentation using carbohydrate substrates.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, (molecular formula: Na3C6H5O7 • 2H2O) has molecular weight of 294.1, is a colorless crystal or white crystalline powder product; it is odorless, salty taste, and cool.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate will lose its crystal water at 150 & deg;C and will be decomposed at even higher temperature.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has slight deliquescence in wet air and has weathering property upon hot air.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is soluble in water and glycerol, but insoluble in alcohol and some other organic solvents.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a versatile chemical substance used in a variety of applications in different industries.


In the medical field, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant but it is also an ingredient in many personal care products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as Ph adjusting agents and emulsifying enhancers applied to jam, candy, jelly and ice cream; its combination with citric acid has an effect of alleviating tour.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has effects on forming complex with metal ions.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is white powder or colourless crystals.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the tribasic dihydrate sodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used laboratory reagent.



USES and APPLICATIONS of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
In the cleaning industry Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is commonly used because of its excellent cleaning characteristics and its unusual property of being almost neutral yet portraying the characteristics of an acid as in descalers and an alkali as in degreasers.
Cleaning products include laundry powders and detergents, toilet cleaners, hard surface cleaners, carpet cleaners, dish washing liquids, powder and liquid degreasers and pre-soaks.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is becoming more and more popular now as it is considered environmentally friendly, it substitutes phosphates and is readily biodegradable.
In industry Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate finds many uses including alkaline degreaser baths, electroplating chemicals for copper and nickel etc, photo chemicals.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used in the paper and pulp industries and the textiles industry.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is often used as a food preservative, and as a flavoring in the food industry.
In the pharmaceutical industry it is used to control pH.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate may be used as an alkalizing agent, buffering agent, emulsifier, or sequestering agent.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.


Trisodium citrate dihydrate, is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.


Trisodium citrate dihydrate, is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.


Sodium salts of citric acid are used as buffers and food preservatives.
They are used medically as anticoagulants in stored blood, and for urine alkalization in the prevention of KIDNEY STONES.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is the dihydrate of trisodium citrate.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a role as an anticoagulant.
Sodium salts of citric acid are used as buffers and food preservatives. Citric acid is one of compounds responsible for the physiological oxidation of fats, carbohydrates and proteins to carbon dioxide.


Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used as an excellent pH regulator and odourless buffering agent for bath and shower gels, creams, styling or decorative products.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is often used as an acidity regulator in pharmaceutical formulations and food products.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate has been shown to be effective at reducing the matrix effect and increasing the concentration response, which can lead to better analytical results.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to prevent fatty acid production by inhibiting the enzyme lipase.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is often used as a food preservative, and as a flavoring in the food industry.
In the pharmaceutical industry Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to control pH.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to enhance flavour and maintain stability of active ingredients in food and beverages.


In detergent industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can replace STPP as a kind of assistant.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used in fermentation, injection, photography and metal plating.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is mildly basic and can be used along with citric acid to make biologically compatible buffers.


Trisodium Citrate is a white odorless chemical used as a food additive.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is typically used as a flavoring agent or as a preservative.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as flavoring agent in carbonated beverages contributing a tart flavor.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also found in gelatin mix, ice cream, yogurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses and bratwurst.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as raw material for pharmaceuticals / Food additives.
A biological buffer, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used for cell culture, in vitro, enzyme assays and some electrophoretic applications at physiological pH.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in toothpastes & dental creams, effervescent denture cleansers, mouth rinses and oral hygiene products.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is commonly used in various technical and industrial applications mainly as a pH buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as a retarder for mortar mixes.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is effective to retard plaster mixes.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate must be used carefully as adding too much will prevent the plaster curing properly.
Premix the citrate in water first and add to the plaster mix.


Trisodium citrate dihydrate, also known as sodium citrate, is an organic compound that has white to colorless crystals.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is odourless, with a cool salty taste. Stable in room temperature and air, slightly soluble in wet air, weathering in hot air.
Lose crystal water heated to 150 ℃.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is easily soluble in water, glycerol, alcohol and other organic solvents.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is decomposed by overheating, slightly deliviate in humid environment and slightly weathering in hot air.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured by neutralizing citric acid derived from a submerged fermentation process.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is available as translucent white crystals and has a slight saline taste.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by complete neutralization of citric acid with high purity sodium source and subsequent crystallization.


Buffers pH and enhances action of methyl parabens.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, from Junbunzlauer is a buffering, sequestering and emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid and appears as a white granular powder that is non-toxic, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol.


Due to its versatile nature, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is perfect for many areas, including Food and Beverages, Cosmetics and Industrial applications.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has no toxic effect, and has pH adjusting capability as well as having a good stability, and therefore can be used in the food industry.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has the greatest demand when being used as a food additive.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as food additives.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is mainly used as flavoring agents, buffers, emulsifiers, bulking agents, stabilizers and preservatives.


In addition, combination between Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate and citric acid can be used in a variety of jams, jelly, juice, drinks, cold drinks, dairy products and pastries gelling agents, flavoring agents and nutritional supplements.


In the food industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as a flavor enhancer, acidity regulator, and emulsifier.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also an essential ingredient in dishwasher tablets, industrial cleaners, detergents, etc.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate gets used in a many different places in food and beverage manufacture, though it's mainly used as a food additive for flavor and / or as a preservative.


Soft drinks, energy drinks, and club soda all use Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate for its tart flavour.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as a pH buffering agent in places like gelatins or mini milk containers.
It is also used as an anti-coagulant, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is ideal for keeping the fat globules from sticking together in the manufacture of many things such as ice cream.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as a food additive, as complex agent and buffering agent in electroplating industry; at the field of pharmaceutical industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used for the manufacturing of anti-clotting drugs; and used as the detergent additives in light industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as the analysis agents used for chromatography analysis and can also used for preparing bacterial culture medium.


Moreover, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be applied into pharmaceutical industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used for the flavoring processing of food, as stabilizers, buffers and deputy complex-forming agents in non-toxic electroplating industry; at pharmaceutical industry.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as anti-clotting agent, phlegm drugs and diuretics drugs.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be used in brewing, injection, newspaper and movies medicines.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant for collection of blood.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in photography; as sequestering agent to remove trace metals; as emulsifier, acidulant and sequestrant in foods.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant also used as a biological buffer


Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.


-Pharmaceutical Applications:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate, as either the dihydrate or anhydrous material, is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in food products, primarily to adjust the pH of solutions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as a sequestering agent.
The anhydrous material is used in effervescent tablet formulations.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is additionally used as a blood anticoagulant either alone or in combination with other citrates such as disodium hydrogen citrate.
Therapeutically, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used to relieve the painful irritation caused by cystitis, and also to treat dehydration and acidosis due to diarrhea.


-Applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
• anticoagulant activity
• use as buffer or food preservatives
• citrate solution is designed to break protein cross-links
• as a calcium chelator


-Applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
*Food
*Beverages
*Healthcare
*Personal Care
*Cleaners & Detergents


-Industrial Applications of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
*Feed & Pet Food
*Pharma


-Uses of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate:
*Buffering agent.
*Manufacture of household cleaners, degreasers and detergents.



CHARACTERISTICS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium citrate dihydrate occurs as white, granular crystals or as white, crystalline powder.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is an odourless substance with a pleasant, salty taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96%).

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is chemically stable if stored at ambient
temperatures.
Although Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is not very hygroscopic, caking may occur upon prolonged storage at humidities higher than 70 %.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is colorless crystals or white crystalline powder, and is odorless, cool and salty.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has no melting point with a relative density of 1.857.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is stable in air at room temperature with loss of crystal water when being heated to 150 °C loss of crystal water; further heating will cause its decomposition.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is insoluble in ethanol but highly soluble in water. 5% aqueous solution has a pH value of 7.6 to 8.6.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate consists of odorless, colorless, monoclinic crystals, or a white crystalline powder with a cooling, saline taste.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is slightly deliquescent in moist air, and in warm dry air it is efflorescent.



EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
During the process of clinically taking fresh blood, adding some amount of sterile sodium citrate can play a role in prevent blood clotting; this is exactly taking advantage of the features that calcium citrate can form soluble complexes with calcium ion.
In the field of medicine, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used for the in vitro anti-clotting drugs and anticoagulants drugs, phlegm drugs, and diuretics drugs during blood transfusions.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also used for cyanide-free electroplating industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used as developer for photographic industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be used as flavoring agents, buffering materials, emulsifiers, and stabilizer in the food industry.

Moreover, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also widely used in chemical, metallurgical industry, the absorption of sulfur dioxide exhaust with the absorption rate of 99% and regenerate liquid sulfur dioxide citrate for recycle application.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a good water solubility and a excellent cheating capability with Ca2 +, Mg2 + and other metal ions.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is biodegradable and has a strong dispersing ability and anti-redeposition ability.
Daily-applied chemical detergents use Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate as alternative to trimer sodium phosphate for production of non-phosphorus detergent and phosphate-free liquid detergent.
Adding a certain amount Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate to the detergent can significantly increase the cleaning ability of detergent cleaning.

The large scale of application of sodium tripolyphosphate as a builder in detergents is an important discovery in synthetic detergent industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is non-toxic without environmental pollution.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can also be acted as a buffer for the production of cosmetics.



KEY BENEFITS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
• Non-toxic
• Low Reactivity
• Chemically stable
• Fully biodegradable
• Can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage



FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as acidity regulator, flavor agent and stabilizer in food and beverage industry.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used as an anticoagulant, phlegm dispersant and diuretic in the pharmaceutical industry.
In detergent industry, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can be substituted as non-toxic detergent additive.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also used in brewing, injection, photographic medicine and electroplating.



EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is currently the most important citrate.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by two steps: first starch food is fermented to generate citric acid; secondly, citric acid is neutralized by alkali to generate the final products.



PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*Dihydrate
*White
*Granular crystals or crystalline powder
*Typical, practically odourless
*Pleasantly salty
*Freely soluble in water
*Practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %)
*Non-toxic
*Low reactive
*Chemically and microbiologically stable
*Fully biodegradable



MAIN FUNCTIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
*pH regulator
*Chelating agent
*Buffering agent
*Flavour enhancer
*Stabiliser
*Emulsifying agent



PRODUCTION METHODS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is produced by the neutralization of citric acid by sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate.
Dissolve sodium bicarbonate in water upon stirring and heating; add citric acid, continue to heat up to 85-90 °C; adjust the pH to 6.8; adjust active carbon for bleaching.
Filter when the mixture is still hot; condense the filtrate under reduced pressure; cool and the crystal comes out; filter, wash, dry to obtain the final products of
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate.
C6H8O7 + 3NaHCO3 → C6H5Na3O7 • 2H2O + 3CO2 ↑ + H2O
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is prepared by adding sodium carbonate to a solution of citric acid until effervescence ceases.
The resulting solution is filtered and evaporated to dryness.



SAFE AND NONTOXIC PROPERTIES OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Since the basic raw material for the preparation of Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate mainly comes from the food, it is absolutely safe and reliable without causing harm to human health.
The United Nations Food and Agriculture and the World Health Organization has no restriction in its daily intake, which means that this product can be considered as non-toxic food.

It is biodegradable.
After subjecting to the dilution of a large amount of water, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is partially converted into citrate, which coexists with sodium citrate in the same system.

Citrate is easy to subject to biological degradation at water by the action of oxygen, heat, light, bacteria and microbes.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate's decomposition pathways are generally going through aconitic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid anhydride to be further converted to carbon dioxide and water.

The ability to form complexes with metal ions.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a good capability of forming complex with some metal ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+; for other ions such as Fe2+, it also has a good complex-forming ability.
Excellent solubility, and the solubility increases with increasing temperature of water.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a good capability for pH adjustment and a good buffering property.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a weak acid-strong alkali salt; When combined with citrate, they can form a pH buffer with strong compatibility; therefore, this is very useful for some cases in which it is not suitable to have large change of pH value.
In addition, Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate also has excellent retardation performance and stability.



BIOCHEM/PHYSIOL ACTIONS OF TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate can act as a buffering agent, resisting changes in pH.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is used in blood collection tubes, the citrate chelates calcium ions in blood and thereby disrupts blood clotting.
Citrate is a intermediate in the TCA cycle and fatty acid synthesis.
Citrate is an allosteric modulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the enzyme that regulates the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
Molecular Weight: 294.10
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 9
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 293.99396471
Monoisotopic Mass: 293.99396471
Topological Polar Surface Area: 143 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 18
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 211
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 6
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS number: 6132-04-3
EC number: 200-675-3
Hill Formula: C₆H₅Na₃O₇ * 2 H₂O
Molar Mass: 294.10 g/mol
HS Code: 2918 15 00
Melting Point: 300 °C (anhydrous substance)
pH value: 7.5 - 9.0 (50 g/l, H₂O, 25 °C)
Bulk density: 600 kg/m3
Solubility: 720 g/l

Appearance Form: powder
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: 7,5 - 9 at 29,4 g/l at 25 °C
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: > 300 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Vapor density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: 29,4 g/l at 20 °C - completely soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

Water Solubility: 73.7 mg/mL
logP: -0.55
logP: -1.3
logS: -0.54
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 3.05
pKa (Strongest Basic): -4.2
Physiological Charge: -3
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 7
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 140.62 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 68.14 m3·mol-1
Polarizability: 14.27 Å3
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule: No

Melting Point: 150°C (in -2H2O)
Density: 1.76
Odor: Odorless
Quantity: 10,000 g
Beilstein: 6104939
Merck Index: 14,8602
Solubility Information: Soluble in water.
Insoluble in alcohol.
Formula Weight: 294.10 (258.07 Anhydrous)
Percent Purity: 99%
Chemical Name or Material: Trisodium citrate dihydrate
CAS No: 6132–04–3
EINECS No: 200–675–3
Empirical formula: C6H5Na3O7 . 2H2O
Molecular mass: 294.10 g/mol
Density: 1.7g/cm3
Appearance: colourless crystals or white, granular powder
pH: 8 – 8.7 at 50g/L at 25C
Melting point: >300 C
Solubility in water: 760 g/L (25C)

Easily soluble in hot water.
Soluble in cold water.
Insoluble in alcohol.
Soluble in 1.3 parts water.
Soluble in 0.6 parts boiling water.
Melting point: >300 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.76
FEMA: 3026 | SODIUM CITRATE
Flash point: 173.9 °C
storage temp.: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 100 mg/mL
form: powder
color: white
PH: 7.0-9.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 7.5 - 9 at 29.4 g/l at 25 °C
Water Solubility: 720 g/L (25 ºC)
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,8602
BRN: 6104939
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with bases, reducing agents, oxidizing agents.

Appearance: White crystals or crystalline powder
Odor: Characteristic
Clarity and color of Solution: Conforms
Loss on drying: 11.0 - 13.0%
Usage: acidity regulator etc.
Pb: < 10ppm
Assay: 99.0 - 101.0%
Chemical formula: C6H5­O7Na3.2H2O
Sulfate (SO4): 150 ppm max
Chloride (Cl): 50 ppm max
Alkalinity: Conforms
Oxalate: 300 ppm max
Storage: in the shade cool
Boiling Point: 309.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: 300ºC
Flash Point:155.2ºC
Density: 1.76 g/cm3
Solubility: Solubility in water, g/100ml: 77
Appearance: White powder or crystals
Storage: Store at RT.
Hazard Codes: Xi
Log P: -5.38120
PSA: 159.8
Refractive Index: 1.58
Risk Statements: R37/38
RTECS: GE7810000
Safety Statements: S24/25
Stability: Stable.



FIRST AID MEASURES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*If inhaled
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate dihydrate
6132-04-3
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Sodium citrate hydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate
MFCD00150031
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE
B22547B95K
Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate hydrous
Trisodium citrate dihydrate;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
MFCD00130806
tri-sodium citrate dihydrate
sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Sodiumcitrate
N-1560
Natrum citricum
Tricitrasol (TN)
Sodium citrate (TN)
Sodium citrate [USP:JAN]
Sodiumcitratetribasicdihydrate
SODIUM CITRATE [FHFI]
DTXSID1049437
Sodium citrate hydrate (JP17)
UNII-B22547B95K
CHEBI:32142
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, ACS
SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS [II]
SODIUM CITRATE HYDRATE [JAN]
SODIUM CITRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [MI]
AKOS025293920
Citronensaeure,Trinatrium-Salz-Dihydrat
Sodium citrate dihydrate, >=99%, FG
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [VANDF]
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [II]
BP-31019
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [WHO-DD]
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, >=98%
Sodium citrate dihydrate, ACS reagent grade
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
D01781
F82065
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, AR, >=99%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, LR, >=99%
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate ACS reagent
NATRII CITRAS, DEHYDRATE [WHO-IP LATIN]
A833161
A835986
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Q22075862
Sodium citrate dihydrate Biochemical grade, Fine Granular
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, USP, 99.0-100.5%
Sodium Citrate Tribasic Dihydrate (Molecular Biology Grade)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
trisodium 2-oxidanylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrateTrisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, insect cell culture tested
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, purum p.a., >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, tested according to Ph.Eur.
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate--water (1/2)
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, meets USP testing specifications
2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioXtra, >=99.0% (titration)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, for molecular biology, >=99%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Sodium citrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 99-101%
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, hydrate (1:3:2)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=99.0%
Sodium Citrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=98% (titration), powder
Sodium Citrate, Dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Sodium Citrate Dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Trisodium citrate
Sodium citrate dihydrate
Citric acid tridosium salt dihydrate
Trisodium citrate, dihydrate, Citric acid
Trisodium Salt, Dihydrate,
Sodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-
trisodium salt, dihydrate
2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Sodium citrate hydrate
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
CITRIC ACID MONO
SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC DIHYDRATE
TRI-SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
SodiuM Citrate (AS)
NATRII CITRAS
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE
ACIDUM CITRICUM MONOHYDRICUM
CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE
BETA-HYDROXY-TRICARBOXYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE
abs9147
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylicacid
2-hydroxy-,trisodiumsalt,dihydrate
ANTI-BABOON IGM, BIOTIN
BETA-HYDROXY-TRICARBOXYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE
HYDROXYTRICARBALLYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE
CITRIC ACID NA3-SALT 2H2O
CITRIC ACID H2O
CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE
CITRIC ACID, 3NA, DIHYDRATE
6132-04-3
1,2,3-PROPANETRICARBOXYLIC ACID, 2-HYDROXY-, TRISODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE
CITRIC ACID, TRISODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE
FEMA NO. 3026
N-1560
NATRII CITRAS, DEHYDRATE [WHO-IP LATIN]
SODIUM CITRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
SODIUM CITRATE [FHFI]
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [MI]
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [VANDF]
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [WHO-DD]
SODIUM CITRATE HYDRATE
SODIUM CITRATE HYDRATE [JAN]
SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS
SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS [II]
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [II]
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Trisodium citrate dihydrate has the chemical formula of Na₃C₆H₅O₇. Although sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid, Trisodium citrate dihydrate is sometimes referred to simply as "sodium citrate". Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate has a salty, slightly tart flavour. 
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid. It is produced by the complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate occurs as white, granular crystals or as a white, crystalline powder with a pleasant, salty taste. It is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %).
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity. It is chemically stable if stored at ambient temperatures. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.

CAS No: 6132-04-3
EC Number: 612-118-5

IUPAC Names: 
Trisodium
2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Dihydrate
Sodium citrate
sodium citrate
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate

SYNONYMS: 
Trisodium citrate dihydrate;Sodium citrate dihydrate;6132-04-3;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate;MFCD00150031;Sodium citrate hydrate;trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate;UNII-B22547B95K;B22547B95K;trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;Trisodium citrate dihydrate;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate;tri-sodium citrate dihydrate;Citric acid, trisodium salt dihydrate, ACS reagent;sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;Sodiumcitrate;Citric acid, trisodium salt dihydrate, 99%, for biochemistry;Natrum citricum;Tricitrasol (TN);ACMC-20ajao;Sodium citrate (TN)(JP17);CHEBI:32142;Trisodium citrate dihydrate, ACS;AKOS025293920;Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate;Citronensaeure,Trinatrium-Salz-Dihydrat;Sodium citrate dihydrate, >=99%, FG;BP-31019;R385;Citrate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 3.0;Citrate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 4.0;Citrate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 4.5;Citrate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 5.0;Citrate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 5.5;Citrate, 0.5M buffer solution, pH 6.0;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, >=98%;Sodium citrate dihydrate, ACS reagent grade;C13249;D01781;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, AR, >=99%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, LR, >=99%
reagent;124799-EP2287158A1;124799-EP2295426A1;124799-EP2295427A1;A835986;Citric acid, trisodium salt dihydrate, 99%, pure;Q22075862;Sodium citrate dihydrate Biochemical grade, Fine Granularreagent, >=99.0%;trisodium 2-oxidanylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;UNII-1Q73Q2JULR component NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, insect cell culture tested;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, JIS special grade, >=99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, purum p.a., >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, tested according to Ph.Eur.;trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate--water (1/2);Trisodium citrate dihydrate, meets USP testing specifications;2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioXtra, >=99.0% (titration);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, for molecular biology, >=99%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%;Sodium citrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, dihydrate;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 99-101%;1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, hydrate (1:3:2);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=99.0%;Sodium Citrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, FCC, E331, 99-100.5% (calc. to the dried substance);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=98% (titration), powder;ANTI-BABOON IGM, BIOTIN;BETA-HYDROXY-TRICARBOXYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE;HYDROXYTRICARBALLYLIC ACID MONOHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID NA3-SALT 2H2O;CITRIC ACID H2O;CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID, 3NA, DIHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID-1-HYDRATE;2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylicacidtrisodiumsaltdihydrate;Citricacid, trisodiuM salt dihydrate, ACS reagent;Citric acid, trisodiuM salt dihydrate, 99%, for biocheMistry;TRI-SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE P.A. EMSURE;SodiuM Citrate (AS);Sodium Citrate (1 g) (AS);SODIUM CITRATE、SODIUM CITRATE DEHYDRATE;sodiuM 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate;Sodium Citrate (1 g);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate ACS reagent, >=99.0%;Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (NT);Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%;ACIDUM CITRICUM MONOHYDRICUM;2-HYDROXY-1,2,3-PROPANETRICARBOXYLIC ACID, MONOHYDRATE;2-HYDROXY-1,2,3-PROPANETRICARBOXYLIC ACID, TRISODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE;SODIUM CITRATE 2H2O;SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE;SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC DIHYDRATE;SODIUM CITRATE TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE;SODIUM CITRADE DIHYDRATE;NATRII CITRAS;SODIUM CITRATE, USP, DIHYDRATE POWDER;CITRIC ACID MONO BP93;CITRIC ACID ANHYDROUS 40-120 MESH;CITRIC ACID MON;CITRIC ACID MONOHYDRATE BP93;CITRIC ACID MONO;CITRIC ACID MONO AND ANH;CITRIC ACID MONO BP-93 & BP-98;CITRIC ACID BP93;CITRIC ACID ANHYDROUS USP;CITRIC ACID MONODYRATE BP93;CITRIC ACID FOOD GRAD;CITRIC ACID MONO BP98;CITRIC ACID MONOHYDRATE FOOD GRADE;Cit acid monohydrate;SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC DIHYDRATE USP;TRI-SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE, FOR MOLECU LAR BIOLOGY;SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC DIHYDRATE, REAGENT GRADE, 99%;TRI-SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE, FOR LUMINE SCENCE;CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM DIHYDRATESIGMAULTR A;SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE, 99+%, A.C.S. REAGENT;CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM DIHYDRATE;CITRIC ACID, TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE, 9 9%;SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE 99+%;TRI-SODIUM CITRATE-2-HYDRATE R. G., REAG . ACS, REAG. ISO, REAG. PH. EUR.;SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC DIHYDRATE, PH EUR;SodiumCitrateBp93

General description
Sodium citrate dihydrate, (molecular formula: Na3C6H5O7 • 2H2O) has a molecular weight of 294.1, is a colourless crystal or white crystalline powder product; it is odourless, salty taste, and cool. It will lose its crystal water at 150 °C and will be decomposed at an even higher temperature. It also has slight deliquescence in wet air and has weathering property upon hot air. It is soluble in water and glycerol but insoluble in alcohol and some other organic solvents. Sodium citrate dihydrate has no toxic effect, and has pH adjusting capability as well as having good stability, and therefore can be used in the food industry. Sodium citrate dihydrate has the greatest demand when being used as a food additive; As food additives, it is mainly used as flavouring agents, buffers, emulsifiers, bulking agents, stabilizers and preservatives; in addition, a combination between sodium citrate dihydrate and citric acid can be used in a variety of jams, jelly, juice, drinks, cold drinks, dairy products and pastries gelling agents, flavouring agents and nutritional supplements.

Excellent performance
Sodium citrate dihydrate is currently the most important citrate dihydrate. It is produced by two steps: first starch food is fermented to generate citric acid; secondly, citric acid is neutralized by alkali to generate the final products. Sodium citrate dihydrate has the following excellent performance:
Safe and nontoxic properties; Since the basic raw material for the preparation of sodium citrate dihydrate mainly comes from food, it is absolutely safe and reliable without causing harm to human health. The United Nations Food and Agriculture and the World Health Organization has no restriction in its daily intake, which means that this product can be considered as non-toxic food.
It is biodegradable. After subjecting to the dilution of a large amount of water, sodium citrate dihydrate is partially converted into citrate dihydrate, which coexists with sodium citrate dihydrate in the same system. Citrate dihydrate is easy to subject to biological degradation at the water by the action of oxygen, heat, light, bacteria and microbes. Its decomposition pathways are generally going through aconitic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid anhydride to be further converted to carbon dioxide and water.
The ability to form a complex with metal ions. Sodium citrate dihydrate has a good capability of forming a complex with some metal ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+; for other ions such as Fe2+, it also has a good complex-forming ability.
Excellent solubility and the solubility increases with increasing temperature of the water.
It has a good capability for pH adjustment and a good buffering property. Sodium citrate dihydrate is a weak acid-strong alkali salt; When combined with citrate dihydrate, they can form a pH buffer with strong compatibility; therefore, this is very useful for some cases in which it is not suitable to have a large change of pH value. In addition, sodium citrate dihydrate also has excellent retardation performance and stability.

APPLICATIONS
Foods
Sodium citrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavour or as a preservative. Its E number is E331. Sodium citrate is employed as a flavouring agent in certain varieties of club soda. It is common as an ingredient in Bratwurst and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavour. It is found in gelatin mix, ice cream, yoghurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine, amongst others.

Sodium citrate can be used as an emulsifying stabilizer when making cheese. It allows the cheese to melt without becoming greasy by stopping the fats from separating.

As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH. It is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts. It can be found in the milk mini containers used with coffee machines. The compound is the product of antacids, such as Alka-Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water. The pH of a solution of 5 g/100 ml water at 25 °C is 7.5 – 9.0. It is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the PH impact of the gastrointestinal system of humans, mainly in processed products such as cheese and yoghurt.

Boiler descaling
Sodium citrate is a particularly effective agent for the removal of carbonate scale from boilers without removing them from the operation and for cleaning automobile radiators.

APPLICATION AREAS

Industry Uses
-Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
-Processing aids, not otherwise listed
-unknown potential industrial chemicals
-Adhesives, Sealants
- Agrochemicals, Fertilisers
- Construction
- Fine Chemicals
- Inks, Paints, Coatings
- Oil Drilling
- Paper
- Plastics, Polymers
- Textile, Leather

Consumer Uses
-Agricultural products (non-pesticidal)
-Automotive care products
-Building/construction materials not covered elsewhere
-Cleaning and furnishing care products

Industry Processing Sectors
-All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
-Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing (includes clay, glass, cement, concrete, lime, gypsum, and other nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing.
-Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
-Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing

Properties
-Dihydrate
-White
-Granular crystals or crystalline powder
-Typical, practically odourless
-Pleasantly salty
-Freely soluble in water
-Practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %)
-Non-toxic
-Low reactive
-Chemically and microbiologically stable
-Fully biodegradable

Main functions
-pH regulator
-Chelating agent
-Buffering agent
-Flavour enhancer
-Stabiliser
-Emulsifying agent

Beverages
- Alcoholic Beverages
- Carbonated Soft Drinks
- Instant Drinks, Syrups
- Juice Drinks
- Plant-based
- RTD Tea and Coffee
- Sports and Energy Drinks
- Waters
 
Food
- Baby Food, Infant Formula
- Bakery
- Cereals, Snacks
- Confectionery
- Dairy
- Dairy Alternatives
- Desserts, Ice Cream
- Flavours
- Fruit Preparations, Sweet Spreads
- Fruits, Vegetables
- Meat Alternatives
- Meat, Seafood
- Plant-based Products
- Ready Meals, Instant Food
- Sauces, Dressings, Seasonings
 
Pharma
- Buffering agent
- Chelating agent
- Mineral source
 
Healthcare
- Clinical Nutrition
- Medical Devices
- OTC, Food Supplements
- Pharmaceutical Products

Personal Care
- Colour Cosmetics
- Fragrances
- Hair Care
- Oral Care
- Skin Care
- Soap and Bath Products
 
Cleaners & Detergents
- Dish Washing
- Industrial Cleaners
- Laundry Care
- Surface Care
 
Feed & Pet Food
- Feed
- Pet Food

Effect and application
During the process of clinically taking fresh blood, adding some amount of sterile sodium citrate can play a role in preventing blood clotting; this is exactly taking advantage of the features that calcium citrate can form soluble complexes with calcium ion; In the field of medicine, it is used for the in vitro anti-clotting drugs and anticoagulants drugs, phlegm drugs, and diuretics drugs during blood transfusions; it can also be used for cyanide-free electroplating industry; also used as a developer for the photographic industry. It can be used as flavouring agents, buffering materials, emulsifiers, and stabilizer in the food industry. Moreover, it is also widely used in chemical, metallurgical industry, the absorption of sulfur dioxide exhaust with the absorption rate of 99% and regenerate liquid sulfur dioxide citrate for recycling application. Sodium citrate has a good water solubility and an excellent cheating capability with Ca2 +, Mg2 + and other metal ions; it is biodegradable and has a strong dispersing ability and anti-redeposition ability; Daily-applied chemical detergents use it as an alternative to trimer sodium phosphate for the production of non-phosphorus detergent and phosphate-free liquid detergent. Adding a certain amount of sodium citrate to the detergent can significantly increase the cleaning ability of detergent cleaning. The large scale of application of sodium tripolyphosphate as a builder in detergents is an important discovery in the synthetic detergent industry. It is non-toxic without environmental pollution; it can also be acted as a buffer for the production of cosmetics.

Chemical Properties
It is colourless crystals or white crystalline powder and is odourless, cool and salty. It has no melting point with a relative density of 1.857. It is stable in air at room temperature with loss of crystal water when being heated to 150 °C loss of crystal water; further heating will cause its decomposition. It is insoluble in ethanol but highly soluble in water.

Uses
It can be used as Ph adjusting agents and emulsifying enhancers applied to jam, candy, jelly and ice cream; its combination with citric acid has an effect of alleviating tour; it also has effects on forming a complex with metal ions. China rules that it can be applied to various types of food with appropriate usage according to the absolute necessity.
It can be used as a food additive, as a complex agent and buffering agent in the electroplating industry; in the field of the pharmaceutical industry, it is used for the manufacturing of anti-clotting drugs; and used as the detergent additives in the light industry.
It is used as the analysis agents used for chromatography analysis and can also use for preparing bacterial culture medium; moreover, it can also be applied to the pharmaceutical industry.
The product can be used for the flavouring processing of food, as stabilizers, buffers and deputy complex-forming agents in the non-toxic electroplating industry; in the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an anti-clotting agent, phlegm drugs and diuretics drugs. It can also be used in brewing, injection, newspaper and movies medicines.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavour or as a preservative.
Anticoagulant for collection of blood. In photography; as sequestering agent to remove trace metals; as an emulsifier, acidulant and sequestrant in foods.
An anticoagulant also used as a biological buffer

Chemical Properties
Trisodium citrate dihydrate consists of odourless, colourless, monoclinic crystals, or a white crystalline powder with a cooling, saline taste. It is slightly deliquescent in moist air, and in warm dry air, it is efflorescent. Although most pharmacopoeias specify that sodium citrate is the dihydrate, the USP 32 states that Trisodium citrate dihydrate may be either the dihydrate or anhydrous material.

Production Methods
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is prepared by adding sodium carbonate to a solution of citric acid until effervescence ceases. The resulting solution is filtered and evaporated to dryness.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, as either dihydrate or anhydrous material, is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations.
It is used in food products, primarily to adjust the pH of solutions. It is also used as a sequestering agent. The anhydrous material is used in effervescent tablet formulations. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is additionally used as a blood anticoagulant either alone or in combination with other citrates such as disodium hydrogen citrate.

Biological Activity
Commonly used laboratory reagent

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent. It used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid. It consists of colourless to white crystals and is practically odourless. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is commonly used in various technical and industrial applications mainly as a pH buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent. Also used as a retarder for mortar mixes.

Uses of Trisodium Citrate
Buffering agent.
Manufacture of household cleaners, degreasers and detergents.

Industrial applications
In the cleaning industry trisodium citrate is commonly used because of its excellent cleaning characteristics and its unusual property of being almost neutral yet portraying the characteristics of acid as in descalers and alkali as in degreasers. Cleaning products include laundry powders and detergents, toilet cleaners, hard surface cleaners, carpet cleaners, dishwashing liquids, powder and liquid degreasers and presoaks. It is becoming more and more popular now as it is considered environmentally friendly, it substitutes phosphates and is readily biodegradable.

In industry, trisodium citrate finds many uses including alkaline degreaser baths, electroplating chemicals for copper and nickel etc, photo chemicals. It is also used in the paper and pulp industries and the textiles industry.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate dihydrate is effective to retard plaster mixes. It must be used carefully as adding too much will prevent the plaster from curing properly. Premix the citrate in water first and add to the plaster mix.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) is a tribasic salt of citric acid. It has a sour taste similar to citric acid and is salty as well. It is often used as a food preservative, and as a flavouring in the food industry. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to control pH. It may be used as an alkalizing agent, buffering agent, emulsifier, or sequestering agent.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is indicated for the management of renal tubular acidosis with calcium stones, hypocitraturia calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis of any aetiology, uric acid lithiasis with or without calcium stones. When Trisodium citrate dihydrate is given orally, the metabolism of absorbed citrate produces an alkaline load. The induced alkaline load in turn increases urinary pH and raises urinary citrate by augmenting citrate clearance without measurably altering ultra filterable serum citrate. Thus, Trisodium citrate dihydrate therapy appears to increase urinary citrate principally by modifying the renal handling of citrate, rather than by increasing the filtered load of citrate. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used as a food additive (E 332) to regulate acidity.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured by neutralizing citric acid derived from a submerged fermentation process.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is available as translucent white crystals and has a slightly saline taste. The water of crystallization constitutes approximately 20% by weight of the dihydrate form.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid. It is produced by the complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation. Citric acid is the product of microbial fermentation using carbohydrate substrates. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used as an excellent pH regulator and an odourless buffering agent for bath and shower gels, creams, styling or decorative products. 

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is derived from citric acid and is available in either free-flowing colourless granular or powder forms. It is odourless and freely soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol. Storage at room temperature in tightly sealed containers is recommended. Trisodium citrate anhydrous may be used for the same applications as the widely used dihydrate salt but can provide particular benefit in dry products where the absence of moisture and/or long shelf life is required.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid. It is produced by the complete neutralization of citric acid with a high purity sodium source and subsequent crystallization. Buffers pH and enhances the action of methyl parabens. Used in toothpaste & dental creams, effervescent denture cleansers, mouth rinses and oral hygiene products.

Trisodium citrate dihydrate is sometimes referred to simply as sodium citrate, though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid. It possesses a saline, mildly tart flavour. It is mildly basic and can be used along with citric acid to make biologically compatible buffers.

Trisodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid. It is white, crystalline powder or white, granular crystals, slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol. Like citric acid, it has a sour taste. From the medical point of view, it is used as an alkalinizing agent. It works by neutralizing excess acid in the blood and urine. It has been indicated for the treatment of metabolic acidosis.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate consists of colourless crystals, with a salty taste and barely perceptible odour.

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is also known as trisodium citrate, citrosodine and trisodium salt. Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate products are non-toxic and fully biodegradable. 

Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is manufactured when making citric acid and is used in similar applications including photography, soft drinks, and foods as it buffers PH levels to control acidity and also as a sequestering agent when sodium citrate attaches to calcium ions in water to stop limescale interfering with soaps and detergents.
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate is sometimes simply referred to as "sodium citrate", although sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts. Trisodium citrate dihydrate, also known as sodium citrate, is an organic compound. Trisodium citrate dihydrate has an odourless, cold, salty flavour. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is stable at room temperature and air, slightly soluble in wet air, trisodium citrate dihydrate is more soluble in hot air. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is easily soluble in water, glycerol, alcohol and other organic solvents. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is decomposed by overheating, slightly dispersed in a moist environment and slightly decomposed in warm air. Trisodium citrate dihydrate has a salty, slightly sour taste. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is slightly basic and can be used with citric acid to make biocompatible buffers. Trisodium citrate dihydrate has a sour taste similar to citric acid and is also salty. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is often used as a food preservative and as a sweetener in the food industry. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used in the pharmaceutical industry to control pH.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate can be used as an alkalizing agent, buffering agent, emulsifier, or separating agent. Normal quantities of Sodium. Soluble in water, almost insoluble in ethanol. Sodium Citrate is the sodium salt of citrate with alkalizing activity. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid. 
From a solution containing uranyl nitrate and sodium citrate, single crystals of trisodium citrate dihydrate, 3Na + C6H5O73-2H2O, are obtained. The structure consists of a complex network of citrate and sodium ions. In addition, hydrogen bonds are formed between citrate ions and the water of crystallization. Trisodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) is a tribasic salt of citric acid. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used in the food industry as a flavouring agent and stabilizer. Trisodium citrate dihydrate Used in the pharmaceutical industry as an anticoagulant, sputum dispersant and diuretic. In the trisodium citrate dihydrate detergent industry, sodium tripolyphosphate can be substituted as a non-toxic detergent additive. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is also used in fermentation, injection, photographic medicine, and electroplating. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is mainly used as a food additive, often as a flavouring or preservative. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used as a flavouring agent in certain varieties of club soda. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is common as an ingredient in Bratwurst and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and beverage mixes and contributes to a sour taste. The trisodium citrate dihydrate gelatin mixture is used in the production of ice cream, yoghurt, jam, desserts, milk powder, processed cheeses, sodas and wine, among others.

Trisodium Sodium citrate can be used as an emulsifying stabilizer in cheese making. Trisodium citrate dihydrate stops the decomposition of fats, allowing the cheese to melt before Trisodium citrate becomes fat. As the conjugate base of a weak acid, trisodium citrate dihydrate can act as a buffering agent or acidity regulator by resisting pH changes. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used to control acidity in some items such as gelatin desserts. The compound is the product of antacids such as Alka-Seltzer when dissolved in water. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the effect of PH in the human gastrointestinal tract, especially in processed products such as cheese and yoghurt. Today, sodium citrate is used for blood preservation in blood collection tubes and blood banks. Citrate ion disrupts the blood clotting mechanism by forming calcium citrate complexes by clamping calcium ions in the blood.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used mainly as a buffering, chelating or emulsifying agent in foods, beverages and various technical applications. Also, trisodium citrate dihydrate is used in fermentation, injection, electroplating and other medicines and photography. Upon absorption, sodium citrate decomposes into sodium cations and citrate anions; organic citrate ions are metabolized to bicarbonate ions, resulting in an increase in plasma bicarbonate concentration, buffering of excess hydrogen ion, the elevation of blood pH and potential reversal of acidosis. 
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is the most widely used emulsifying salt in sliced processed cheese products. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is commonly used as a buffering agent in combination with citric acid to provide precise pH control required in many food and beverage applications. Trisodium citrate is often referred to as sodium citrate, though sodium citrate can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid. Sodium citrate has a saline, mildly tart flavour. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is mildly basic and can be used along with citric acid to make biologically compatible buffers. Sodium citrate is primarily used as a food additive, usually for flavour or as a preservative. In certain varieties of club soda, sodium citrate is employed as a flavouring agent. Sodium citrate is a common ingredient in Bratwurst and is also used to contribute a tart flavour in commercial, ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes.
Bakery Flavors, Table Top Product Dairy Confectionery, Fruits, Vegetables Meat, Seafood, Cereals, Snacks Desserts, Ice Cream Ready Meals, Instant Food, Fruit Preparations, Sweet Spreads Baby Food, Infant Formula Sauces, Dressings, Seasoning The main functions of citric acid and the citrates in foods and beverages can be summarized as follows: as a flavour adjunct, to improve the taste as a pH control agent, e.g., for gelation control, buffering and preservative enhancement as a chelating agent to improve the action of antioxidants and prevent spoilage of foods such as seafood Beverages, Alcoholic Beverages, Carbonated Soft Drinks, Instant Drinks, Syrups, Juice Drinks, Tea and Coffee, Sports and Energy Drinks, Waters Within this market, citric acid or its salts perform several functions. The dominant application is for flavour enhancement. Many of the lemon, lime or citrus soft drinks available today use citric acid as a way of enhancing the tangy, zesty flavour consumers associate with these tropical fruit flavours. Additionally, citric acid can help provide consistency in the acidity and flavour of fruit juices or fruit cordials.

The citrate ion is a powerful chelating agent for trace metal ions. Diuretic - potassium citrate has diuretic properties. Clinical Nutrition Medical Devices OTC, Food Supplements Pharmaceutical Productscolor Cosmetics Deodorants, Fragrances Hair Care, Oral Care Skin Care Soap and Bath Products, Cleaners & Detergents, The major components of cleaning products are surfactants and builders. Other ingredients are added to provide a variety of functions, e.g., increasing cleaning performance for specific soils/surfaces, ensuring product stability, and supplying a unique identity to a product. Complex phosphates and sodium citrate are common sequestering builders. Builders enhance or maintain the cleaning efficiency of the surfactant. The primary function of builders is to reduce water hardness. This is done either by sequestration or chelation (holding hardness minerals in solution); by precipitation (forming an insoluble substance); or by ion exchange (trading electrically charged particles). Builders can also supply and maintain alkalinity, which assists cleaning, especially of acid soils; help keep removed soil from redepositing during washing, and emulsify oily and greasy soils. Dish Washing Industrial Cleaners, Laundry Care Surface Care.
This material is available in colourless granular form or powdery form. This is fragrance-free material and generously mixed with water, but not in the alcohol. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is not contained any food allergens and Trisodium citrate dihydrate is suitable for consumption by vegans and vegetarians. Trisodium citrate dihydrate adds enjoyable flavour to food items. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used as dehydrating salt, but Trisodium citrate dihydrate provides a remarkable gain in dry products where long shelf life is needed to store it.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used as flavours, stabilizing agent, buffering agent, chelating agent, nutritional supplement of buttermilk, emulsifying agent and flavouring agent in the food and beverage industry; Trisodium citrate dihydrate can be used as anti-blood clotting, apophlegmatisant and diuretics in the pharmaceutical industry; Trisodium citrate dihydrate can replace sodium tripolyphosphate as a non-toxic detergent additive in the detergent industry; Trisodium citrate dihydrate can also be used in brewing, injection, photography drugs and electroplating etc.
 Sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7•2H2O), also known as citric trisodium salt dihydrate, or trisodium citrate dehydrate is obtained from citric acid and is available in granular or powder form having a salty but pleasant taste. Sodium citrate dihydrate is odourless and freely soluble in water, marginally deliquescent in moist air, and insoluble in alcohol. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is prepared by completely neutralizing citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate followed by crystallization.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt having low reactivity. Trisodium citrate dihydrate shows chemically stability when stored at ambient temperatures. Sodium citrate dihydrate is totally biodegradable and disposable with regular waste or sewage. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is widely used in the food industry in preservatives and as a flavouring agent. In the pharmaceutical industry, Trisodium citrate dihydrate is used to resist changes in the pH. Sodium citrate dihydrate also finds its use as a buffering agent, alkalizing agent, emulsifying agent, or sequestering agent.
Seasonal factors for beverages and new detergent applications are the principal growth drivers for the global sodium citrate dihydrate market. Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate (TriSodium Citrate) is commonly used to improve exercise performance and as a food additive. Trisodium citrate dihydrate's naturally a strong source of antioxidants and typically used as a natural preservative. Some have also used the ingredient in beverages to increase acidity or to emulsify cheese during the ageing process. This ingredient may be added to foods and beverages or smoothies and green drinks. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is a pure white powder and has no fillers or binders, additives or preservatives.

SYNONYMS Trisodium Orthophosphate; Phosphoric acid, trisodium, 12-hydrate; Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Dodecahydrate; Trisodium phosphate, dodecahydrate; TSP dodecahydrate; Tertiary Sodium phosphate; CAS NO. 7601-54-9; 96337-98-3 (Anhydrous) 10101-89-0 (Dodecahydrate)

Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Category of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Chelating Agents Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: textile treatment products and dyes and polymers. Release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials and manufacturing of the substance. Uses at industrial sites Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: textile treatment products and dyes, metal working fluids, washing & cleaning products and water softeners. Description of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate White solid .Colorless or white solid. Slightly hygroscopic. Sources/Uses of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used as chelating agent in bleaching and as a sequestrant builder; Also used in tanning, synthetic rubber, textiles, pharmaceuticals, low phosphate and phosphate-free detergents, and in boiler-water treatment; [HSDB] Used for extraction, refining, and processing of metals; in the paper-pulp-board industry; and as an additive to construction materials Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Substance identity Help EC / List no. of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 225-768-6 CAS no. of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate:: 5064-31-3 Mol. formula of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate:: C6H6NNa3O6 About Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Helpful information Trisodium nitrilotriacetate has not been registered under the REACH Regulation, therefore as yet ECHA has not received any data about Trisodium nitrilotriacetate from registration dossiers. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Consumer Uses of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, adhesives and sealants, air care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, photo-chemicals, polishes and waxes and textile treatment products and dyes. Other release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints). Article service life of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: Release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys). Widespread uses by professional workers Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and washing & cleaning products. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, mining, scientific research and development and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, food products, textile, leather or fur, wood and wood products, pulp, paper and paper products, rubber products, plastic products, fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and vehicles and furniture. Release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials. Other release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids). Formulation or re-packing Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: textile treatment products and dyes and polymers. Release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials and manufacturing of the substance. Uses at industrial sites Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: textile treatment products and dyes, metal working fluids, washing & cleaning products and water softeners. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates). Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following areas: mining. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals. Release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and of substances in closed systems with minimal release. Other release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use. Manufacture Release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance and formulation of mixtures. Uses of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate An excellent chelating agent. Sequestrant. Definition of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate ChEBI: An organic sodium salt composed of sodium and nitrilotriacetate ions in a 3:1 ratio. Safety Profile of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and NazO. EC / List no. of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 225-768-6 CAS no. of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate:: 5064-31-3 Mol. formula of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate:: C6H6NNa3O6 Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Basic information Product Name: Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Synonyms of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: nitrilotriaceticacidtrisodium*sigmagrade;nitrilotri-aceticacitrisodiumsalt;syntrona;trisodiumaminotriacetate;trisodiumnitrilotriaceticacid;versenenta150;cheeloxnta-14,-na3;chemcolox365powder CAS of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 5064-31-3 MF of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: C6H6NNa3O6 MW of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 257.08 EINECS of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 225-768-6 Product Categories of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: Building Blocks;Carbonyl Compounds; Carboxylic Acid Salts; Chemical Synthesis; Organic Building Blocks Mol File of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 5064-31-3.mol Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Structure Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical Properties CAS DataBase Reference 5064-31-3(CAS DataBase Reference) EPA Substance Registry System Nitrilotriacetic acid trisodium salt (5064-31-3) Safety Informations of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: Hazard Codes Xn Risk Statements of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 22-40-36 Safety Statements of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 36-46-36/37-26 WGK Germany of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 2 RTECS MB8400000 Hazardous Substances Data of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 5064-31-3(Hazardous Substances Data) Toxicity LD50 oral in rat: 1100mg/kg Nitrilotriacetic acid trisodium salt English SigmaAldrich English Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Usage And Synthesis Uses An excellent chelating agent. Sequestrant. Definition ChEBI: An organic sodium salt composed of sodium and nitrilotriacetate ions in a 3:1 ratio. Safety Profile Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and NazO. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Agent Name Trisodium nitrilotriacetate CAS Number of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate 5064-31-3 Formula of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate C6-H9-N-O6.3Na Major Category of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Other Uses of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Trisodium nitrilotriacetate formula graphical representation Synonyms of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate N,N-Bis(carboxymethyl)glycine, trisodium salt; Nitrilotriacetic acid sodium salt; Acetic acid, nitrilotri-, trisodium salt; Cheelox NTA-14, Na3; Chemcolox 365 Powder; Glycine, N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-, trisodium salt; Hampshire NTA; Hampshire NTA 150; Masquol NP 140; NTA trisodium salt; Nitrilotriacetate trisodium salt; Nitrilotriacetic acid trisodium salt; Nitrilotriacetic acid, trisodium salt; NTANa3; Sodium nitrilotriacetate; Syntron A; Trilon A; Trisodium 2,2',2''-nitrilotriacetate; Trisodium N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)glycinate; Trisodium NTA; Trisodium aminotriacetate; Trisodium nitrilotriacetic acid; Versene NTA 150; Versene NTA 335; [ChemIDplus] Category of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Chelating Agents Description of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate White solid; [ICSC] Colorless or white solid; Slightly hygroscopic; [CHEMINFO] Sources/Uses of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is Used as chelating agent in bleaching and as a sequestrant builder; Also used in tanning, synthetic rubber, textiles, pharmaceuticals, low phosphate and phosphate-free detergents, and in boiler-water treatment; [HSDB] Used for extraction, refining, and processing of metals; in the paper-pulp-board industry; and as an additive to construction materials; [IUCLID] Comments A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; Possible human carcinogen; [ICSC] A skin, eye, nose, and throat irritant; Not sensitizing to human skin; High-dose feeding produces lesions of the urinary tract in mice and kidney lesions in rats; No evidence of reproductive or developmental toxicity in rats or rabbits; Emergency treatment: "Oxalic acid"; Oxalic acid is an irritant that, after ingestion, may cause kidney damage, hypocalcemia, and hepatic necrosis; [HSDB] An eye irritant; [eChemPortal: ESIS] Not irritating to rabbit or human skin; Irritating to rabbit eyes; Nephrotoxic in rats; [IUCLID] Mutagenic, tumorigenic, and toxic to reproduction; Causes changes in liver and bladder weights, erythrocyte count, and renal tubules in repeated dose studies of rats; [RTECS] May cause skin and eye irritation; Harmful if swallowed; [Aldrich MSDS] See "Nitrilotriacetic acid." Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, adhesives and sealants, air care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, photo-chemicals, polishes and waxes and textile treatment products and dyes. Other release to the environment of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints). Molecular Weight of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 257.08 g/mol Hydrogen Bond Donor Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 7 Rotatable Bond Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 3 Exact Mass of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 256.98882 g/mol Monoisotopic Mass of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 256.98882 g/mol Topological Polar Surface Area of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 124 Ų Heavy Atom Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 16 Formal Charge of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Complexity of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 171 Isotope Atom Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Defined Atom Stereocenter Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Defined Bond Stereocenter Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 0 Covalently-Bonded Unit Count of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate: 4 Compound of Trisodium nitrilotriacetate Is Canonicalized? Yes

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an inorganic compound that is widely used for various industrial and household purposes.
Its chemical formula is Na₃PO₄. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is often used as a cleaning agent, stain remover, degreaser, and as a food additive.

CAS Number: 7601-54-9
EC Number: 231-509-8

Sodium phosphate tribasic, Sodium phosphate, Trisodium orthophosphate, Tertiary sodium phosphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Sodium phosphate tertiary, Trisodium phosphate (TSP), Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate, Sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt, Trisodium phosphate (TSP)D, Tribasic sodium phosphate, Trisodium phosphate anhydrous, Sodium phosphate, tribasic, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, Trisodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate, Phosphoric acid, sodium salt (1:3), Sodium phosphate, tertiary, Anhydrous trisodium phosphate, Phosphoric acid, sodium salt, Dodecasodium phosphate, Trisodium salt of phosphoric acid, Tribasic sodium orthophosphate, Sodium phosphate, anhydrous, Sodium phosphate tribasic anhydrous, Trisodium orthophosphate anhydrous, Sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, Trisodium phosphate anhydrous, Dodecasodium phosphate dodecahydrate, Trisodium phosphate, Sodium orthophosphate, tribasic, Trisodium phosphate, dodecahydrate, Trisodium phosphate, anhydrous, Tertiary sodium orthophosphate, Sodium orthophosphate, trisodium salt, Tertiary sodium orthophosphate, Trisodium salt of orthophosphoric acid, Tribasic sodium orthophosphate, Sodium phosphate, tertiary, Trisodium orthophosphate, anhydrous, Trisodium phosphate, dodecahydrate, Trisodium phosphate, anhydrous, Sodium phosphate, anhydrous, Trisodium phosphate, dodecahydrate, Sodium phosphate, tertiary, Trisodium phosphate, anhydrous, Tribasic sodium orthophosphate, Tertiary sodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate, tertiary, Tertiary sodium orthophosphate, Sodium phosphate, tertiary, Tribasic sodium orthophosphate, Trisodium orthophosphate, Trisodium phosphate, Tribasic sodium orthophosphate, Sodium phosphate, tertiary, Tertiary sodium orthophosphate, Trisodium phosphate



APPLICATIONS


Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is commonly used as a heavy-duty cleaner for removing grease, grime, and dirt from surfaces.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is extensively employed in industrial settings for cleaning equipment, machinery, and manufacturing facilities.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in household cleaning products such as detergents, degreasers, and multipurpose cleaners.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an effective stain remover for removing tough stains from fabrics, carpets, and upholstery.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the preparation of surfaces before painting or wallpapering to ensure proper adhesion.
In the construction industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used to clean concrete surfaces and remove efflorescence.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a degreaser in automotive maintenance for cleaning engines, parts, and tools.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the restoration of historical buildings and artifacts to remove dirt and grime without damaging the surface.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the food industry as a pH regulator, emulsifier, and sequestrant in various food products.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in water treatment processes to control pH and prevent scaling and corrosion in boilers and cooling systems.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is utilized in the formulation of detergents and dishwashing products to enhance their cleaning performance.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is added to swimming pools to adjust pH levels and remove calcium deposits and algae.
In the textile industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used as a scouring agent to remove impurities and oils from fibers and fabrics.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a flux in soldering and brazing applications to remove oxides from metal surfaces.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the manufacturing of ceramics, glass, and pottery as a flux and cleaning agent.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the pharmaceutical industry for cleaning equipment and manufacturing processes.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the preparation of metal surfaces for painting and coating applications.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a component in fire-retardant formulations for wood and textiles.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is utilized in agricultural applications as a cleaning agent for equipment and storage facilities.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the pulp and paper industry for bleaching and cleaning pulp fibers.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of commercial kitchens and food processing facilities.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a buffer and pH adjuster in laboratory and analytical applications.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the production of household and personal care products such as toothpaste and mouthwash.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is utilized in the preparation of metal surfaces for electroplating and metal finishing processes.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is added to certain cosmetics and skincare products as a buffering agent and pH adjuster.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is commonly used in the restoration and cleaning of historical artifacts and monuments to remove dirt, grime, and pollutants.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as an effective cleaner for outdoor surfaces such as decks, patios, and sidewalks.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is utilized in the preparation of surfaces for sealing and waterproofing applications.
In the marine industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used for cleaning boat hulls, decks, and marine equipment.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of commercial and industrial kitchens to remove grease and food residues.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the cleaning of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems to remove mold, mildew, and other contaminants.
It serves as a rust remover for metal surfaces, effectively eliminating rust stains and corrosion.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the cleaning and maintenance of swimming pool filters to remove scale and algae buildup.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the cleaning of oil and grease spills on concrete surfaces in industrial settings.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is added to laundry detergents to enhance their cleaning power and remove stubborn stains.
In the brewing industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used as a cleaning agent for brewing equipment and fermentation tanks.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a flux in metalworking processes such as soldering, welding, and brazing.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the preparation of surfaces for adhesive bonding and sealant applications.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a descaling agent for removing mineral deposits from appliances such as coffee makers and dishwashers.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the cleaning of industrial ovens, fryers, and cooking equipment in food processing facilities.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is utilized in the cleaning and maintenance of agricultural equipment, barns, and livestock facilities.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is added to water-based paints and coatings to improve adhesion and durability.
In the automotive industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used for cleaning engine parts, carburetors, and fuel injectors.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a cleaning agent for removing smoke and soot residues from walls, ceilings, and furniture after fires.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the cleaning of metal surfaces prior to welding, painting, or plating.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in the manufacturing of ceramics and pottery as a glazing agent and flux.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is added to concrete mixtures to accelerate the curing process and improve strength.
In the electronics industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used for cleaning printed circuit boards and electronic components.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as a corrosion inhibitor for protecting metal surfaces from rust and oxidation.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of public spaces such as parks, playgrounds, and recreational facilities.



DESCRIPTION


Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an inorganic compound that is widely used for various industrial and household purposes.
Its chemical formula is Na₃PO₄. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is often used as a cleaning agent, stain remover, degreaser, and as a food additive.

In cleaning products, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is valued for its ability to cut through grease and grime effectively.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is commonly used to clean walls, floors, and other surfaces before painting or wallpapering to ensure better adhesion.
Additionally, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used in certain food products as an acidity regulator and emulsifier.
However, its use in food has declined due to concerns about its environmental impact and potential health risks.

Trisodium phosphate is a versatile chemical compound with various industrial and household applications.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) appears as a white, crystalline powder or granules.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is highly soluble in water, forming a clear solution.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is commonly used as a powerful cleaning agent due to its ability to cut through grease and grime effectively.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is often employed in cleaning walls, floors, and other surfaces before painting or wallpapering.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is known for its strong alkaline properties, making it effective in removing stubborn stains and dirt.

In addition to its cleaning capabilities, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is used as a degreaser in industrial settings.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) serves as an ingredient in certain detergents and dishwashing products to enhance their cleaning power.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is also utilized in the formulation of some personal care products, such as toothpaste and mouthwash.
In the food industry, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) functions as a food additive, serving as an emulsifier and pH regulator.

However, its use in food products has declined due to environmental and health concerns.
When handling Trisodium phosphate (TSP), it is essential to take safety precautions as it can cause skin and eye irritation.
Concentrated solutions of Trisodium phosphate (TSP) can be corrosive to certain materials, requiring careful handling and storage.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) may react with acids to produce heat and potentially hazardous fumes.
It is important to avoid mixing Trisodium phosphate (TSP) with other chemicals without proper knowledge and guidance.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is commonly found in hardware stores and is available in various forms, including powder and liquid formulations.
Its effectiveness as a cleaner has made it a popular choice for both professional and household use.

Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is often preferred for heavy-duty cleaning tasks where other cleaners may not suffice.
Despite its strong cleaning power, Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is relatively inexpensive compared to some specialized cleaners.
The use of Trisodium phosphate (TSP) in cleaning formulations may be regulated in certain jurisdictions due to environmental concerns.

Environmental impact assessments are often conducted to evaluate the use and disposal of Trisodium phosphate (TSP)-containing products.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is biodegradable under certain conditions, but its widespread use can contribute to water pollution.

Proper disposal methods, such as dilution and neutralization, are recommended to minimize environmental impact.
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) has been used for decades in various industries, but its usage patterns have evolved over time.
Ongoing research and development efforts aim to find safer and more environmentally friendly alternatives to Trisodium phosphate (TSP) in cleaning and other applications.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: Na₃PO₄
Molecular weight: 163.94 g/mol (anhydrous)
Appearance: White, crystalline powder or granules
Physical state: Solid
Odor: Odorless
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
pH (1% solution): Basic (typically around pH 12)
Density: Varies depending on the form (e.g., anhydrous or dodecahydrate)
Melting point: Decomposes before melting (anhydrous Trisodium phosphate (TSP))
Boiling point: Decomposes before boiling
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air (especially the dodecahydrate form)
Water content: Hydrated forms exist, including dodecahydrate (Na₃PO₄·12H₂O)
Stability: Stable under normal conditions, but decomposes when heated to high temperatures
Reactivity: Reacts with acids to form salts and phosphoric acid
Alkalinity: Strong alkaline properties



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the person to fresh air immediately.
If the person is having difficulty breathing, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide artificial respiration if breathing has stopped or is impaired.
Keep the person calm and reassured while waiting for medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected skin with plenty of water.
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation persists or skin becomes damaged, seek medical attention.
Do not apply creams or ointments unless directed by medical personnel.


Eye Contact:

Flush eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if the person does not report discomfort or pain.
Continue to flush the eyes while waiting for medical help to arrive.


Ingestion:

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Give the person a small amount of water or milk to drink if they are conscious and able to swallow.
Seek medical attention immediately, and have the product label or safety data sheet available for reference.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling Precautions:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling Trisodium phosphate (TSP).
Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
In case of contact, promptly rinse affected area with water.
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation of dust or vapors.
Use caution to prevent spills, splashes, and airborne dust.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Trisodium phosphate (TSP).
Wash hands thoroughly after handling Trisodium phosphate (TSP) and before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.


Storage Conditions:

Store Trisodium phosphate (TSP) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat, moisture, and incompatible materials.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.
Store Trisodium phosphate (TSP) separately from acids, oxidizing agents, and other reactive chemicals to prevent potential reactions.
Ensure that storage area is labeled with appropriate hazard warnings and information.
Do not store Trisodium phosphate (TSP) near food, beverages, or animal feed to prevent accidental contamination.
Store Trisodium phosphate (TSP) away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition to prevent decomposition and fire hazards.
Check containers regularly for signs of damage, leakage, or deterioration, and replace as needed.
Follow any specific storage instructions provided on the product label or safety data sheet.


Transportation Precautions:

When transporting Trisodium phosphate (TSP), use appropriate containers that are compatible with the chemical and securely sealed to prevent leaks or spills.
Ensure that containers are properly labeled with the product name, hazard warnings, and handling instructions.
Follow applicable regulations and guidelines for the transportation of hazardous chemicals, including packaging, labeling, and documentation requirements.
Take precautions to prevent damage to containers during loading, unloading, and transportation.
In case of spills or leaks during transportation, follow established procedures for containment, cleanup, and disposal.


Emergency Procedures:

In the event of a spill, leak, or accidental release of Trisodium phosphate (TSP), follow established emergency procedures for chemical spills and hazardous material incidents.
Evacuate the area if necessary to prevent exposure to chemical vapors or dust.
Notify appropriate personnel, such as safety officers, supervisors, or emergency responders, of the incident.
Provide information about the chemical involved, including its identity, quantity, and location.
Use appropriate containment measures, absorbent materials, and personal protective equipment to safely clean up spills.
Dispose of contaminated materials and waste in accordance with local regulations and guidelines.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, often abbreviated as TSP, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Na3PO4·12H2O.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is a white, crystalline, water-soluble solid that is commonly used for various industrial and household purposes.
The "dodecahydrate" part of the name indicates that the compound has 12 water molecules associated with each molecule of trisodium phosphate.

CAS Number: 10101-89-0
EC Number: 231-509-8



APPLICATIONS


Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is commonly used as a heavy-duty cleaning agent in both industrial and household settings.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate serves as a powerful degreaser, effectively removing oil, grease, and dirt from various surfaces.
In preparation for painting, the compound is applied to surfaces to ensure proper adhesion by removing contaminants.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate finds use as a food additive in the food industry, where it functions as an acidity regulator and emulsifier.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkalinity makes it valuable for water softening applications, as it can sequester calcium and magnesium ions responsible for water hardness.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is included in some dishwasher detergents to aid in the removal of stains and residues from dishes and glassware.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate plays a role in the textile industry as a pH adjuster during processing to neutralize acidic solutions.
Due to its alkaline properties, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is utilized in the removal of rust and scale from metals and industrial equipment.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is a key component in industrial cleaning products, facilitating the removal of tough contaminants and deposits.
In specific instances, it's employed for paint stripping by breaking down layers of paint coatings on surfaces.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used for the cleaning of boilers and industrial machinery, effectively removing buildup and deposits.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is a component in the formulation of certain photographic developers, aiding in the development of photographic images.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkaline nature contributes to its role in breaking down organic matter, making it useful in cleaning applications.
In some formulations, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used as an emulsifying agent to create stable mixtures of oil and water-based substances.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate has applications in cleaning and disinfecting medical equipment and facilities.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkaline properties contribute to its effectiveness in neutralizing acidic solutions in various chemical processes.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate can be employed as a rust converter, transforming iron oxide (rust) into a more stable compound on metal surfaces.
In industrial water treatment, it's used to control the pH of water and to prevent the formation of scale and deposits.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's ability to form stable complexes makes it valuable in analytical chemistry for trace metal analysis.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is sometimes added to soaps and detergents to enhance their cleaning properties.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is utilized in the cleaning and maintenance of swimming pools to control algae growth and maintain water clarity.

In the production of ceramics and glass, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used to adjust the pH of glazes and cleaning solutions.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is involved in the formulation of some rust removers and descaling agents.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's chemical interactions find applications in various laboratory procedures and chemical syntheses.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate can be used to restore the shine and cleanliness of metal surfaces, including stainless steel and aluminum.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is utilized in the pulp and paper industry for its ability to remove ink and residue from paper fibers.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate finds application in the automotive industry for cleaning engine components and removing grease and oil stains.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some cleaning products for household use, enhancing their effectiveness on tough stains and surfaces.
In the construction industry, it's used to clean and prepare surfaces before applying coatings, sealants, or adhesives.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the restoration of historical and architectural surfaces to remove dirt and grime.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in certain fire-fighting foams to suppress flammable liquid fires by forming a smothering blanket.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkaline properties make it useful for adjusting pH levels in swimming pool water to prevent algae growth.
In the textile industry, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used for scouring cotton fabrics to remove impurities and natural oils before dyeing or finishing.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is incorporated into some toothpaste formulations as an abrasive for effective dental cleaning.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in some metal cleaning products to remove tarnish and oxidation from silverware and jewelry.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's ability to dissolve mineral deposits makes it useful for cleaning faucets, showerheads, and other plumbing fixtures.

In the agriculture industry, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in cleaning and disinfecting equipment and facilities to prevent the spread of disease.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of commercial kitchens and food processing facilities.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used to remove mold, mildew, and stains from surfaces in humid environments, such as bathrooms and basements.
In the electronics industry, it's used in the cleaning of circuit boards and electronic components to remove flux residues.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkalinity contributes to its role in neutralizing acidic substances in laboratory and chemical research settings.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate can be added to some metal polishes to enhance the shine and remove tarnish.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of windows, glass, and mirrors to remove streaks, smudges, and fingerprints.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's ability to dissolve organic matter makes it valuable for cleaning and sanitizing composting toilets.
In the ceramics industry, Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used to remove glaze defects and clean kiln shelves and equipment.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of brewery equipment to remove residues and prevent contamination.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the cleaning and maintenance of air conditioning and ventilation systems to remove mold and debris.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate can be used to clean and deodorize trash cans and bins by breaking down organic waste and odors.
In marine applications, it's used to clean boat hulls and remove algae and marine growth.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some cleaning solutions for carpet and upholstery to remove stains and dirt.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning and maintenance of industrial equipment and machinery to remove residues and contaminants.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate finds application in the cleaning of brick and masonry surfaces, effectively removing dirt, stains, and efflorescence.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the cleaning of ceramic and porcelain tiles to remove grout haze and mineral deposits.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some paint removers and strippers to soften and lift layers of old paint.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of wooden surfaces to remove mold, mildew, and stains, restoring the natural appearance of the wood.
The compound is utilized in the cleaning of vinyl and plastic surfaces to remove dirt, stains, and discoloration.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of concrete surfaces, driveways, and sidewalks to remove oil stains and grime.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the cleaning of ceramic and glass cooktops to remove burnt-on food and stains.
The compound is used in the cleaning of outdoor furniture, removing dirt, grime, and weathering effects.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some bathroom and kitchen cleaning products to enhance their effectiveness on soap scum and hard water stains.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is utilized in the cleaning of industrial exhaust systems to remove soot, grease, and other deposits.
The compound is employed in the cleaning of automotive interiors, including upholstery and carpets, to remove stains and odors.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of pet enclosures and kennels to remove odors and disinfect surfaces.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the cleaning of playground equipment and outdoor structures to remove dirt, mold, and environmental pollutants.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some all-purpose cleaners for household use to improve their ability to remove a wide range of stains and soils.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of greasy and oily tools and equipment in industrial workshops.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is employed in the cleaning of concrete and stone statues and monuments to remove dirt and pollutants.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of automotive engines and parts to remove oil, grease, and carbon buildup.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some carpet cleaning solutions to lift and remove deep-seated stains and dirt.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is utilized in the cleaning of garage floors and workshop surfaces to remove oil and grease stains.
The compound is employed in the cleaning of swimming pool decks and patio areas to remove dirt, algae, and stains.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of outdoor grills and barbecue equipment to remove grease and carbon buildup.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is added to some bathroom cleaning products to remove hard water stains and mineral deposits from surfaces.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is utilized in the cleaning of industrial tanks and containers to remove residues and contaminants.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in the cleaning of industrial pipelines and conduits to remove blockages and buildup.



DESCRIPTION


Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, often abbreviated as TSP, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Na3PO4·12H2O.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is a white, crystalline, water-soluble solid that is commonly used for various industrial and household purposes.
The "dodecahydrate" part of the name indicates that the compound has 12 water molecules associated with each molecule of trisodium phosphate.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, with the chemical formula Na3PO4·12H2O, is a hydrated sodium phosphate compound.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate appears as a white, crystalline solid with a granular texture and is highly soluble in water.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is composed of sodium (Na) cations, phosphate (PO4) anions, and twelve water molecules.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is known for its strong alkaline properties, which make it effective in cleaning and degreasing applications.
Its alkalinity arises from the presence of hydroxide ions (OH-) released when it dissolves in water.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used across various industries for its versatile cleaning and chemical properties.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's ability to react with fatty acids and oils makes it an efficient degreaser in industrial settings.

In household applications, it's utilized for heavy-duty cleaning tasks, such as preparing surfaces for painting.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air.
Its granular form allows for easy mixing with water to create cleaning solutions.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is regulated as a food additive in some jurisdictions, where it serves as an acidity regulator and emulsifier.

Due to its sequestering properties, it's used for water softening to reduce hardness caused by calcium and magnesium ions.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate can be found in some dishwasher detergents, aiding in stain removal from dishes and glassware.
In the field of photography, it plays a role as a photographic developer.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's pH-adjusting abilities make it useful in textile processing to neutralize acidic solutions.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkaline nature contributes to its efficacy in scale and rust removal from metals.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used as a component in industrial cleaning products, facilitating the removal of various contaminants.
In specific applications, it's utilized for paint stripping by breaking down layers of paint coatings.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate can be employed in the cleaning of boilers and industrial equipment, removing deposits and buildup.
Its chemical structure consists of sodium ions binding with phosphate anions, surrounded by twelve water molecules.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's solubility in water enables it to create effective cleaning solutions with varying concentrations.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's alkalinity is attributed to its ability to release hydroxide ions when dissolved.
Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate's versatile uses span from heavy-duty cleaning in households to industrial applications.
Its chemical composition is governed by the presence of sodium, phosphate, and water molecules.
When handling Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, proper precautions should be taken due to its alkaline nature and potential environmental and health impacts.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: Na3PO4·12H2O
Molecular Weight: 380.12 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline solid
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Melting Point: 73.4 °C (164.1 °F) (loses water of crystallization)
Density: 1.62 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)
Hygroscopic: Absorbs moisture from the air
Odor: Odorless
pH: Alkaline/basic (due to the hydrolysis of phosphate ions)



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide oxygen or artificial respiration if breathing is compromised.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with plenty of water and mild soap.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.
Cleanse any clothing that has come in contact with the compound before re-use.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently with water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention to ensure thorough eye examination.
If contact lenses are being worn, remove them after the initial rinsing and continue rinsing.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water to remove any traces of the compound.
Do NOT induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Drink plenty of water to dilute the compound and help minimize potential adverse effects.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide medical personnel with information about the ingested amount and symptoms.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing to prevent skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
If handling in an enclosed space, ensure proper ventilation systems are in place.

Avoid Direct Contact:
Avoid direct skin, eye, and clothing contact with the compound.
In case of contact, follow first aid measures and wash thoroughly with water.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the compound.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Response:
In case of spills or leaks, promptly contain the spill using appropriate absorbent materials.
Avoid generating dust.
Collect the spilled material and place it in suitable containers for disposal.

Dust Generation:
Minimize dust generation during handling to prevent inhalation exposure.
Use appropriate dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or dust suppression techniques.

Equipment and Tools:
Use non-sparking tools and equipment when handling the compound to prevent ignition of dust.


Storage:

Container:
Store Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate in tightly sealed, labeled containers made of compatible materials, such as plastic or glass.

Location:
Store containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of heat, direct sunlight, and incompatible materials.

Elevated Storage:
Elevate containers off the ground to prevent contact with moisture and potential water damage.

Segregation:
Store Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate away from acids, bases, and reactive materials to prevent undesired chemical reactions.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the name of the compound, hazard symbols, handling precautions, and first aid instructions.



SYNONYMS


Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Dodecahydrate
TSP Dodecahydrate
Sodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate
Trisodium Phosphate 12-Hydrate
TSP-12
Sodium Phosphate Tribasic 12-Hydrate
Sodium Phosphate Crystalline Dodecahydrate
Sodium Orthophosphate Dodecahydrate
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate
Sodium Orthophosphate Tribasic Dodecahydrate
Trisodium Orthophosphate Dodecahydrate
Sodium Phosphate Crystal Dodecahydrate
Trisodium Phosphate Crystalline Dodecahydrate
Trisodium Salt Dodecahydrate
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate 12-Hydrate
Sodium Tertiary Phosphate Dodecahydrate
Sodium Orthophosphate Crystal Dodecahydrate
Sodium Phosphate Hydrate
Trisodium Salt of Orthophosphoric Acid Dodecahydrate
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate Crystalline Dodecahydrate
Sodium Phosphate 12-Hydrate
Sodium Orthophosphate Hydrate
Sodium Phosphate 12H2O
Sodium Phosphate Hydrated
Sodium Orthophosphate Hydrated
Sodium Phosphate 12-Dehydrate
Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Hydrate
Trisodium Orthophosphate 12-Hydrate
TSP Hydrate
Sodium Phosphate Tribasic 12H2O
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate 12-Dehydrate
Sodium Phosphate Dodeca
Sodium Phosphate 12-Molecule
Trisodium Salt Hydrate
Sodium Orthophosphate 12-Molecule
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate 12-Molecule
Trisodium Phosphate 12-Molecule
Sodium Tertiary Phosphate 12-Molecule
Sodium Orthophosphate Tribasic Hydrate
Sodium Phosphate 12H2O
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Hydrate
Sodium Phosphate 12-Water
Sodium Orthophosphate 12-Water
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate 12-Water
Trisodium Phosphate 12-Water
Sodium Tertiary Phosphate 12-Water
Trisodium Orthophosphate Hydrate
Tertiary Sodium Phosphate Hydrate
Sodium Tertiary Phosphate Hydrate
Trisodium Orthophosphate 12-Water

SYNONYMS 6-N,N-Diethyl-β-γ-dibromomethylene-D-adenosine-5′-triphosphate trisodium salt hydrate, FPL 67156 CAS NO:160928-38-1 (free acid)

Trisodium salt appears as a white crystalline powder or granular crystals and, given Trisodium salt is a salt, possesses a salty / saline taste with no real detectable odour.
Trisodium salt is a chemical compound, the sodium salt of Citric Acid.
Trisodium salt is obtained by reacting Sodium Citrate with sodium hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate and then crystallized and dehydrated.

CAS Number: 68-04-2
EC number: 200-675-3
Chemical Formula: Na3C6H5O7
Molar Mass: 294.10 g/mol

Trisodium salt has the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium salt is sometimes referred to simply as "sodium citrate", though Trisodium salt can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid.
Trisodium salt possesses a saline, mildly tart flavor, and is a mild alkali.

Trisodium salt is mildly basic and can be used along with Sodium Citrate to make biologically compatible buffers.

Trisodium salt has the chemical formula Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium salt can refer to any of the three sodium salts of citric acid.

Trisodium salt is lightweight and can be used with Sodium Citrate to make biocompatible buffers.

Trisodium salt, one of the sodium salts of citric acid, is a compound found in every living organism and is part of key metabolic pathways in all body cells.
Trisodium salt is found in high concentrations in sour fruits, kiwis, strawberries and many other fruits.
Trisodium salt is commercially prepared by the fermentation of molasses by the mold Aspergillus niger.

Trisodium salt, also referred to as Sodium Citrate, Trisodium citrate or food additive E331, is the tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium salt appears as a white crystalline powder or granular crystals and, given Trisodium salt is a salt, possesses a salty / saline taste with no real detectable odour.

Trisodium salt has the CAS number 6132-04-3 and formula Na3C6H5O7.
Trisodium salt is water-soluble, non-toxic and fully biodegradable.

Trisodium salt is the sodium salt of citric acid.
Trisodium salt is white, crystalline powder or white, granular crystals, slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol.

Like Sodium Citrate, Trisodium salt has a sour taste.
From the medical point of view, Trisodium salt is used as alkalinizing agent.

Trisodium salt works by neutralizing excess acid in the blood and urine.
Trisodium salt has been indicated for the treatment of metabolic acidosis.

Trisodium salt is a chemical compound, the sodium salt of Citric Acid.
Trisodium salt is obtained by reacting Sodium Citrate with sodium hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate and then crystallized and dehydrated.

Trisodium salt also occurs naturally in citrus fruits.
Trisodium salt is commonly referred to as ‘Sodium Citrate’, but this term is ambiguous as Trisodium salt can also refer to the sodium or monosodium salt.

Trisodium salt is structured in such a way that a sodium atom is attached to each of the three carboxyl groups present.
Similarly, Monosodium Citrate is a chemical compound with one sodium in the molecule and Disodium Citrate is a chemical compound with two sodium atoms.

Trisodium salt is labeled as a food additive with the symbol E331.

Trisodium salt is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
Trisodium salt is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Trisodium salt is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium salt is produced by complete neutralisation of citric acid with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation and dehydration.
The common hydrate form, Trisodium salt dihydrate, is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.

Trisodium salt anhydrous is manufactured from Trisodium salt dihydrate.
Water molecules of the dihydrate crystals are removed by a patented process without destroying the original crystal matrix.

The resulting crystals have a porous matrix that can be used as a carrier for inorganic and/or organic substances like perfumes and surfactants.
Due to Trisodium salt low water content Trisodium salt anhydrous does not add water to the formulation.

Trisodium salt has even the excellent ability to take up surplus water from moisture sensitive formulations thus providing better shelf life to the end product.
Therefore, Trisodium salt anhydrous finds Trisodium salt particular uses in water sensitive formulations like instant drinks as well as tablets and powders in pharmaceuticals and detergents.

Trisodium salt anhydrous occurs as white, granular crystals or as white, crystalline powder.
Trisodium salt is freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %).

Trisodium salt is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.
Trisodium salt is chemically stable if stored at ambient temperatures.
Trisodium salt anhydrous is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.

Trisodium salt dihydrate, is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium salt used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.

Trisodium salt dihydrate is a tribasic salt of citric acid.
Trisodium salt is produced by complete neutralisation of Trisodium salt with high purity sodium hydroxide or carbonate and subsequent crystallisation.
Trisodium salt dihydrate is widely used in foods, beverages and various technical applications mainly as buffering, sequestering or emulsifying agent.

Trisodium salt dihydrate occurs as white, granular crystals or as white, crystalline powder with a pleasant, salty taste.
Trisodium salt is slightly deliquescent in moist air, freely soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %).

Trisodium salt dihydrate is a non-toxic, neutral salt with low reactivity.
Trisodium salt is chemically stable if stored at ambient temperatures.
Trisodium salt dihydrate is fully biodegradable and can be disposed of with regular waste or sewage.

Trisodium salt in Food:
Trisodium salt is a food additive with the E number E331.
Trisodium salt is used in a variety of processed food and drink primarily as a flavour enhancer and a preservative.
As an emulsifying agent Trisodium salt is also used in cheesemaking to allow cheese to melt without the separation of oils and fats.

Trisodium salt in food buffers pH levels to help regulate acidity in a variety of foods to balance taste and is also able to impart a tart / sour flavour in a wide variety of drink products.

Usage areas of Trisodium salt:
Trisodium salt is often used as a food additive as a flavoring or preservative.
The E number is E331.

Trisodium salt is used as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.
Trisodium salt is common as an ingredient in Bratwurst and is also commercially available for drinks and beverage mixes, contributing a tart flavor.

Trisodium salt is found in gelatin mix, ice cream, jam, desserts, powdered milk, processed cheeses, sodas and wine.
Trisodium salt can be used as an emulsifier when making cheese.
Trisodium salt allows the cheese to melt without remaining greasy.

Trisodium salt, a conjugate base of a weak acid, can act as a buffering agent or acidity regulator by resisting change in pH.
Trisodium salt is used to control the acidity of some substances, such as gelatin desserts.

Trisodium salt is found in mini milk containers used in coffee machines.
Trisodium salt is a particularly effective substance for removing carbonate scale from boilers without cracking and for cleaning car radiators.

Uses of Trisodium salt:
Trisodium salt has many uses, but is mainly applied in the food industry.
Trisodium salt has similar applications as Citric Acid, so Trisodium salt is usually used as a flavor enhancer, to acidify foods or beverages, or as a preservative.

Trisodium salt is also commonly used in medicine as a drug ingredient, usually for people with urinary tract infections.
Trisodium salt also plays a role as an anticoagulant, which means Trisodium salt inhibits blood clotting.

In addition, Trisodium salt is used in chemistry.
Trisodium salt is a component of buffers and a component of Benedict’s reagent, which is used to detect sugars and aldehydes.
Trisodium salt is also found in cosmetics such as shower gels, shampoos or skin creams, as Trisodium salt gives them the right acidity level and is used as a preservative.

Another application of Trisodium salt is to remove scale from boilers, clean car radiators, and burnt sheet metal or pots.
Trisodium salt is also used in the production of cleaning products, as it softens water, allowing detergents to work more effectively.

Trisodium salt is used in similar applications to citric acid.
These uses include as an acidity regulator in food and drink, as a sequestering agent to prevent limescale inference with soaps and detergents and as an emulsifying agent to aid chemical mixing processes where two separate elements are incapable of mixing (for example oil and water) and helps to keep these mixtures stable once formulated.

Trisodium salt is used in blood collection (anticoagulant), photography, and food production. (sequestering agent, emulsifier, and acidulant)
Permitted for use as an inert ingredient in non-food pesticide products.

Trisodium salt in food industry:

Foods:
Trisodium salt is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Trisodium salt E number is E331.

Trisodium salt is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.
Trisodium salt is common as an ingredient in bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavor.
Trisodium salt is found in gelatin mix[clarification needed], ice cream, yogurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine[citation needed], amongst others.

As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH.
Trisodium salt is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts.

Trisodium salt can be found in the milk minicontainers used with coffee machines.
Trisodium salt is the product of antacids, such as Alka-Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water.

The pH of a solution of 5 g/100 ml water at 25 °C is 7.5 – 9.0.
Trisodium salt is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the PH impact of the gastrointestinal system of humans, mainly in processed products such as cheese and yogurt.

Trisodium salt can be used to optimize the safety and quality of snacks, cereals, bakery products and potato products such as French fries without affecting the production process.

Trisodium salt is found in carbonated beverages, dairy products, confectionery, prepared foods, canned meats and vegetables, margarine, mustard, sauces, mayonnaise, spices, jams, and much more.
This is not surprising, because Trisodium salt has various properties that are important for the food industry.

Firstly, Trisodium salt is used as an acidity regulator to maintain the proper pH of Trisodium salt.
Trisodium salt is found in sodas, especially those with lemon flavor, energy drinks, desserts or jams.

Trisodium salt is a sequestering agent, which means Trisodium salt is a substance that binds metal ions, called chelates.
Thanks to this, the consumer is protected from the harmful effects of heavy metals in foods.

Trisodium salt is also an emulsifier – Trisodium salt enables the preparation of a uniform solution from two immiscible liquids.
Trisodium salt is useful, for example, in the production of cheese, as Trisodium salt does not become greasy after melting, because Trisodium salt prevents the separation of fats.

Another use of Trisodium salt in the food industry is as a preservative.
Trisodium salt protects the fats in Trisodium salt from oxidation and rancidity.
Trisodium salt also prevents color changes in foods.

Medical uses:
In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used Trisodium salt as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, with Richard Lewisohn determining Trisodium salt correct concentration in 1915.
Trisodium salt continues to be used today in blood-collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks.

The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.
Recently, Trisodium salt has also been used as a locking agent in vascath and haemodialysis lines instead of heparin due to Trisodium salt lower risk of systemic anticoagulation.

In 2003, Ööpik et al. showed the use of Trisodium salt (0.5 g/kg body weight) improved running performance over 5 km by 30 seconds.

Trisodium salt is used to relieve discomfort in urinary-tract infections, such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative.
Trisodium salt is a major component of the WHO oral rehydration solution.

Trisodium salt is used as an antacid, especially prior to anaesthesia, for caesarian section procedures to reduce the risks associated with the aspiration of gastric contents.

Trisodium salt in medicine:
Trisodium salt is not only known as a food additive, but also as an important chemical compound in medicine.
Trisodium salt is used in analytical laboratories where blood tests are performed because Trisodium salt has an anticoagulant effect.

This prevents blood cells from clumping together.
Trisodium salt is then used as a component of solutions for filling hemodialysis catheters.

Trisodium salt lowers the concentration of heparin, which in turn reduces the risks associated with coagulation disorders in patients with kidney disease or blood clotting.
This counteracts side effects during and after dialysis treatment.
This effect is also extremely useful when storing blood or during transfusions.

Trisodium salt is also used as a drug.
Trisodium salt treats kidney stones, gout and reduces the symptoms of metabolic acidosis.

Trisodium salt can also be used as a laxative.
Trisodium salt can be used for hypercalcemia, a condition in which the concentration of calcium in the blood is too high.
Trisodium salt works by increasing the excretion of calcium through the urine.

Consumer Uses:
Trisodium salt is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes, air care products, cosmetics and personal care products, water softeners, perfumes and fragrances, water treatment chemicals, coating products, inks and toners, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fertilisers, adsorbents, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, laboratory chemicals and photo-chemicals.
Other release to the environment of Trisodium salt is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Trisodium salt is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals, washing & cleaning products, air care products, perfumes and fragrances, polishes and waxes, water softeners, water treatment chemicals, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, inks and toners, textile treatment products and dyes, fertilisers, photo-chemicals, cosmetics and personal care products and adsorbents.
Trisodium salt is used in the following areas: health services, building & construction work, mining, agriculture, forestry and fishing and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Trisodium salt is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles and furniture.

Other release to the environment of Trisodium salt is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

Uses at industrial sites:
Trisodium salt is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes and water treatment chemicals.
Trisodium salt is used in the following areas: mining, health services and building & construction work.
Trisodium salt is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles, textile, leather or fur, metals, fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and chemicals.

Release to the environment of Trisodium salt can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as processing aid, formulation of mixtures and in the production of articles.
Other release to the environment of Trisodium salt is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Other Uses:

Food:
Baby Food, Infant Formula
Bakery
Cereals, Snacks
Confectionery
Dairy
Dairy Alternatives
Desserts, Ice Cream
Flavours
Fruit Preparations, Sweet Spreads
Fruits, Vegetables
Meat Alternatives
Meat, Seafood
Plant-based Products
Ready Meals, Instant Food
Sauces, Dressings, Seasonings

Beverages:
Alcoholic Beverages
Carbonated Soft Drinks
Instant Drinks, Syrups
Juice Drinks
Plant-based
RTD Tea and Coffee
Sports and Energy Drinks
Waters

Healthcare:
Clinical Nutrition
Medical Devices
OTC, Food Supplements
Pharmaceutical Products

Personal Care:
Colour Cosmetics
Fragrances
Hair Care
Oral Care
Skin Care
Soap and Bath Products

Cleaners & Detergents:
Dish Washing
Industrial Cleaners
Laundry Care
Surface Care

Industrial Applications:
Adhesives, Sealants
Agrochemicals, Fertilisers
Construction
Fine Chemicals
Inks, Paints, Coatings
Oil Drilling
Paper
Plastics, Polymers
Textile, Leather

Feed & Pet Food:
Feed
Pet Food

Pharma:
Buffering agent
Chelating agent
Mineral source

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Photographic Processing

Applications of Trisodium salt:
Trisodium salt dihydrate, is widely applied in food, beverages and fillers as a buffering, sequestering or an emulsifying agent.
Trisodium salt used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, osmotic laxative, functional fluids, solvents cleaning, furnishing care products, laundry dishwashing products and cleaning automobile radiators.

Foods:
Trisodium salt is chiefly used as a food additive, usually for flavor or as a preservative.
Trisodium salt E number is E331.

Trisodium salt is employed as a flavoring agent in certain varieties of club soda.
Trisodium salt is common as an ingredient in bratwurst, and is also used in commercial ready-to-drink beverages and drink mixes, contributing a tart flavor.
Trisodium salt is found in gelatin mix, ice cream, yogurt, jams, sweets, milk powder, processed cheeses, carbonated beverages, and wine,[3] amongst others.

Trisodium salt can be used as an emulsifying stabilizer when making cheese.
Trisodium salt allows the cheese to melt without becoming greasy by stopping the fats from separating.

Buffering:
As a conjugate base of a weak acid, citrate can perform as a buffering agent or acidity regulator, resisting changes in pH.
Trisodium salt is used to control acidity in some substances, such as gelatin desserts.

Trisodium salt can be found in the milk minicontainers used with coffee machines.
Trisodium salt is the product of antacids, such as Alka-Seltzer, when they are dissolved in water.

The pH of a solution of 5 g/100 ml water at 25 °C is 7.5 – 9.0.
Trisodium salt is added to many commercially packaged dairy products to control the pH impact of the gastrointestinal system of humans, mainly in processed products such as cheese and yogurt, although Trisodium salt also has beneficial effects on the physical gel microstructure.

Chemistry:
Trisodium salt is a component in Benedict's qualitative solution, often used in organic analysis to detect the presence of reducing sugars such as glucose.

Medicine:
In 1914, the Belgian doctor Albert Hustin and the Argentine physician and researcher Luis Agote successfully used Trisodium salt as an anticoagulant in blood transfusions, with Richard Lewisohn determining Trisodium salt correct concentration in 1915.
Trisodium salt continues to be used today in blood-collection tubes and for the preservation of blood in blood banks.

The citrate ion chelates calcium ions in the blood by forming calcium citrate complexes, disrupting the blood clotting mechanism.
Recently, Trisodium salt has also been used as a locking agent in vascath and haemodialysis lines instead of heparin due to Trisodium salt lower risk of systemic anticoagulation.

In 2003, Ööpik et al. showed the use of Trisodium salt (0.5 g/kg body weight) improved running performance over 5 km by 30 seconds.

Trisodium salt is used to relieve discomfort in urinary-tract infections, such as cystitis, to reduce the acidosis seen in distal renal tubular acidosis, and can also be used as an osmotic laxative.
Trisodium salt is a major component of the WHO oral rehydration solution.

Trisodium salt is used as an antacid, especially prior to anaesthesia, for caesarian section procedures to reduce the risks associated with the aspiration of gastric contents.

Boiler descaling:
Trisodium salt is a particularly effective agent for removal of carbonate scale from boilers without removing them from operation and for cleaning automobile radiators.

Healthcare:

Effervescent tablets and preparations:
The reaction of citric acid and bicarbonate liberates carbon dioxide, which aids the dissolution of active ingredients and improves palatability.
Effervescent systems are widely used in denture-cleaning products, as well as pain relief and vitamin tablets.

Pharmaceutically active substances — many are supplied as their citrate salt.

pH control:
Citric acid, with sodium or potassium citrate, is an efficient buffering system used in a variety of pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications for improving stability and (where appropriate) enhancing the activity of preservatives.

Flavor:
The sharp, acid taste of citric acid (which is often used to enhance fruit flavors) can help mask the unpleasant, medicinal taste of pharmaceuticals.

Antioxidant:
The citrate ion is a powerful chelating agent for trace metal ions.

Blood anticoagulant:
The citrate ion will chelate calcium, thereby reducing the tendency for blood to clot.

Diuretic – potassium citrate has diuretic properties.
Clinical Nutrition Medical Devices
OTC, Food Supplements Pharmaceutical Products
Color Cosmetics Deodorants
Fragrances Hair Care
Oral Care Skin Care Soap and Bath Products

Cleaners & Detergents:
The major components of cleaning products are surfactants and builders.
Other ingredients are added to provide a variety of functions, e.g., increasing cleaning performance for specific soils/surfaces, ensuring product stability, and supplying a unique identity to a product.

Complex phosphates and Trisodium salt are common sequestering builders.
Builders enhance or maintain the cleaning efficiency of the surfactant.

The primary function of builders is to reduce water hardness.
This is done either by sequestration or chelation (holding hardness minerals in solution); by precipitation (forming an insoluble substance); or by ion exchange (trading electrically charged particles).
Builders can also supply and maintain alkalinity, which assists cleaning, especially of acid soils; help keep removed soil from redepositing during washing, and emulsify oily and greasy soils.

Dish Washing Industrial Cleaners:

Laundry Care Surface Care:

Industrial
Sodium Citrate is employed as an industrial cleaner to clear steam blocks and hot water systems of calcium and rust layers.
As a chemical polish, Sodium Citrate is used to treat aluminum, copper and other metal surfaces.

Sodium Citrate and citrates are used as buffering and complexing agents in electro-plating baths.
The building and textile industries also take advantage of Sodium Citrate’s outstanding chelating ability as well as Trisodium salt non-toxicity.

Examples include set retarding of gypsum plasters and textile finishing.
Further industrial applications of Sodium Citrate and citrates range from desulphurisation of flue gas and oil recovery to the decontamination of radioactive nuclear reactor materials.

Adhesives, Sealants, Agrochemicals, Fertilizers
Construction, Fine Chemicals
Inks, Paints, Coatings, Metal Surface Treatment
Oil Drilling Ore Mining and Refining
Paper, Plastics, Polymers
Textile, Leather

Main Functions of Trisodium salt:
pH regulator
Chelating agent
Buffering agent
Flavour enhancer
Stabiliser
Emulsifying agent

Properties of Trisodium salt:
Trisodium salt is in the form of a white, odorless powder with a slightly salty taste.
Trisodium salt occurs as a hydrate in combination with water.

Trisodium salt is characterized by the fact that Trisodium salt is hygroscopic, so Trisodium salt easily absorbs and combines with water.
Therefore, Trisodium salt should be stored under such conditions that Trisodium salt is protected from moisture.
Although Trisodium salt is a salt of an acid, Trisodium salt has an alkaline pH.

Typical Properties:
Dihydrate
White
Granular crystals or crystalline powder
Typical, practically odourless
Pleasantly salty
Freely soluble in water
Practically insoluble in ethanol (96 %)
Non-toxic
Low reactive
Chemically and microbiologically stable
Fully biodegradable

Action Mechanism of Trisodium salt:
Trisodium salt chelates free calcium ions preventing them from forming a complex with tissue factor and coagulation factor VIIa to promote the activation of coagulation factor X.
This inhibits the extrinsic initiation of the coagulation cascade.

Trisodium salt may also exert an anticoagulant effect via a so far unknown mechanism as restoration of calcium concentration does not fully reverse the effect of citrate.
Trisodium salt is a weak base and so reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to raise the pH.

Trisodium salt Trisodium salt further metabolized to bicarbonate which then acts as a systemic alkalizing agent, raising the pH of the blood and urine.
Trisodium salt also acts as a diuretic and increases the urinary excretion of calcium.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Trisodium salt:

MeSH Pharmacological Classification:

Buffers:
A chemical system that functions to control the levels of specific ions in solution.
When the level of hydrogen ion in solution is controlled the system is called a pH buffer.

Food Preservatives:
Substances capable of inhibiting, retarding or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other deterioration of foods.

Anticoagulants:
Agents that prevent BLOOD CLOTTING.

Manufacturing Method of Trisodium salt:
Prepare the Trisodium salt buffer by mixing the Trisodium salt, hydrochloric acid, and ultrapure water together in a 2L beaker or conical flask.
Use a magnetic stirrer to ensure that all reagents are properly dissolved.

Adjust to pH 6.01 with the 0.5% (w/v) sodium hydroxide and 0.5% (v/v) hydrochloric acid solutions.
Add this solution to the pressure cooker.

Place the pressure cooker on the hotplate and turn Trisodium salt on to full power.
Do not secure the lid of the pressure cooker at this point; simply rest Trisodium salt on top.

While waiting for the pressure cooker to come to the boil, dewax and rehydrate the paraffin sections by placing them in three changes of xylene for 3 min each, followed by three changes of IMS or methanol for 3 min each, followed by cold running tap water.
Keep them in the tap water until the pressure cooker comes to the boil.

Once the pressure cooker is boiling, transfer the slides from the tap water to the pressure cooker.
Take care with the hot solution and steam—use forceps and gloves. Secure the pressure cooker lid following the manufacturer’s instructions.

Once the cooker has reached full pressure (see manufacturer’s instructions), time for 3 min.

When 3 min has elapsed, turn off the hotplate and place the pressure cooker in an empty sink.
Activate the pressure release valve (see the manufacturer’s instructions) and run cold water over the cooker.

Once depressurized, open the lid and run cold water into the cooker for 10 min.
Take care with the hot solution and steam.

Continue with an appropriate immunochemical staining protocol.

Handling and storage of Trisodium salt:
Handling Ensure adequate ventilation.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing.

Avoid ingestionandinhalation.
Avoid dust formation.
Storage Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place.

Stability and reactivity of Trisodium salt:

Reactive:
Hazard None known, based on information available.

Stability:
Stable under normal conditions.
Conditions to Avoid Incompatible products.

Excess heat.
Avoid dust formation.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, Strong reducing agents, Acids, Bases

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Sodium oxides

Hazardous Polymerization:
Hazardous polymerization does not occur. Hazardous Reactions None under normal processing.

First-aid measures of Trisodium salt:

Eye Contact:
Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

Skin Contact:
Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
If skin irritation persists, call a physician.

Inhalation:
Remove to fresh air.
Get medical attention immediately if symptoms occur.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.

Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Get medical attention immediately if symptoms occur.

Most important symptoms and effects:
No information available.

Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically

Fire-fighting measures of Trisodium salt:

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Water spray, carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam.

Autoignition Temperature:
500 °C / 932 °F

Accidental release measures of Trisodium salt:
Personal Precautions Ensure adequate ventilation.
Avoid dust formation.

Avoid contact with skin andeyes.
Usepersonal protective equipment as required.
Environmental Precautions No special environmental precautions required.

Methods for Containment and Clean Up:
Sweep up and shovel into suitable containers for disposal.
Avoid dust formation.

Identifiers of Trisodium salt:
CAS Number:
68-04-2
6132-04-3 (dihydrate)
6858-44-2 (pentahydrate)

ChEMBL: ChEMBL1355
ChemSpider: 5989
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.614
E number: E331iii (antioxidants, ...)
PubChem CID: 6224
RTECS number: GE8300000

UNII:
RS7A450LGA
B22547B95K (dihydrate)

CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID2026363
InChI: InChI=1S/C6H8O7.3Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3
Key: HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
InChI=1/C6H8O7.3Na/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;3*+1/p-3
Key: HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-DFZHHIFOAL
SMILES: C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+]

CAS number: 6132-04-3
EC number: 200-675-3
Grade: Ph Eur,BP,JP,USP,E 331
Hill Formula: C₆H₅Na₃O₇ * 2 H₂O
Molar Mass: 294.10 g/mol
HS Code: 2918 15 00

Product Code: NA2043
CAS Number: 6132-04-3
Assay (purity): USP
Purity method: by titration
Molecular weight: 294.10
Form: solid
Appearance: white powder
Melting point: 300C
Boiling point: 309.6C
Titration: 99.0-101.0%
Titration type: with HCLO4
Molecular formula: Na3C6H5O7 · 2H2O
Linear formula: HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2 · 2H2O

Properties of Trisodium salt:
Chemical formula: Na3C6H5O7
Molar mass: 258.06 g/mol (anhydrous), 294.10 g/mol (dihydrate)
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Density: 1.7 g/cm3
Melting point: > 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (hydrates lose water ca. 150 °C)
Boiling point: Decomposes
Solubility in water: Pentahydrate form: 92 g/100 g H2O (25 °C)

Melting Point: 300°C (anhydrous substance)
pH value: 7.5 - 9.0 (50 g/l, H₂O, 25°C)
Bulk density: 600 kg/m3
Solubility: 720 g/l

Molecular Weight: 294.10 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 9
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 293.99396471 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 293.99396471 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 143Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 18
Complexity: 211
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 6
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Trisodium salt:
Assay (Perchloric acid titration, calc. on anhydrous substance (Ph Eur)): 99.0 - 101.0 %
Assay (Perchloric acid titration, previously dried substance) (JP/USP): 99.0 - 100.5 %
Identity (Na): passes test
Identity (Citrate): passes test
Identity (reaction upon ignition): passes test
Appearance: white to almost white crystals
Appearance of solution (100 g/l, CO₂-free water): clear and colorless
Acidity or alkalinity: passes test
pH (50 g/l CO₂-free water): 7.5 - 8.5
Chloride (Cl): ≤ 50 ppm
Sulfate (SO₄): ≤ 150 ppm
Heavy metals (as Pb): ≤ 5 ppm
Al (Aluminium): ≤ 5 ppm
As (Arsenic): ≤ 1 ppm
Hg (Mercury): ≤ 1 ppm
Pb (Lead): ≤ 1 ppm
Oxalate (as C₂H₂O₄): ≤ 100 ppm
Tartrate (C₄H₄O₆): passes test
Residual solvents (ICH (Q3C)): excluded by manufacturing process
Readily carbonisable substance: passes test
Water (according to Karl Fischer): 11.0 - 13.0 %
Loss on drying (180 °C, 18 h): 10.0 - 13.0 %

Related compounds of Trisodium salt:
Monosodium citrate
Disodium citrate
Calcium citrate
Citric acid

Names of Trisodium salt:

IUPAC names:
1,2,3-propanetricarboylic acid, 2-hydroxy- trisodium salt, dihydrate
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium sal
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetrioïc acid, trisodium salt
Ascorbato di sodio trisodico anidro E331
Citric acid trisodium salt, Sodium citrate tribasic, Sodium citrate
sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
SODIUM CITRATE
Sodium citrate
sodium citrate
Sodium citrate
sodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium Citrate dihydrate
Sodium Citrate- OR 10
Tri sodium citrate
Tri Sodium Citrate
Trinatiumcitrat dihydrat
Trinatrium-2-hydroxypropan-1,2,3-tricarboxylat
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3- tricarboxylate
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylateTrisodium citrate
Trisodium 3-hydroxy-3- carboxylate-1,5-pentanedicaroxylate
TRISODIUM CITRATE
Trisodium Citrate
Trisodium citrate
trisodium citrate
Trisodium Citrate
Trisodium citrate
trisodium citrate
trisodium citrate (dihydrate)
trisodium citrate 2-hidrate
Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate
trisodium citrate dihydrate
Trisodium citrate, Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Trisodium citrate; Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate

Preferred IUPAC name:
Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate

Regulatory process names:
Sodium citrate anhydrous
Trisodium citrate
trisodium citrate

Trade names:
Citrate de trisodium, dihydrate
Citrato de trisodio, dihidrato
Sodio citrato
SODIUM CITRATE
Sodium Citrate
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
Tri-Sodium Citrate Dihydrate
Trinatriumcitraatdihydraat
Trinatriumcitrat-Dihydrat
Trisodio citrato diidrato
Trisodium citrate
trisodium citrate
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
TRISODIUM CITRATR

Other names:
Sodium citrate
Trisodium citrate
Citrosodine
Citric acid, trisodium salt
E331

Other identifiers:
1000844-65-4
1648840-06-5
183748-56-3
2095548-08-4
6132-04-3
68-04-2
8055-55-8
856354-90-0

Synonyms of Trisodium salt:
Trisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate dihydrate
6132-04-3
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate
Sodium citrate hydrate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
Sodium citrate hydrous
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
MFCD00150031
B22547B95K
trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;dihydrate
DTXSID1049437
Natrum citricum
Citric acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Citronensaeure,Trinatrium-Salz-Dihydrat
N-1560
Natrii citras, dehydrate
SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS (II)
SODIUM CITRATE HYDROUS [II]
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate--water (1/2)
Trisodium citrate dihydrate;Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate
2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt dihydrate
MFCD00130806
SODIUM CITRATE (EP MONOGRAPH)
SODIUM CITRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
tri-sodium citrate dihydrate
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (II)
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [II]
UNII-B22547B95K
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE (USP MONOGRAPH)
TRISODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Sodiumcitrate
Tricitrasol
Tricitrasol (TN)
Sodium citrate; Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate; Sodium Citrate Dihydrate
Sodium citrate (TN)
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, hydrate (1:3:2)
D05KTE
Sodium citrate [USP:JAN]
Sodiumcitratetribasicdihydrate
SODIUM CITRATE [FHFI]
DTXCID0029397
Sodium citrate hydrate (JP17)
CHEBI:32142
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, ACS
NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SODIUM CITRATE HYDRATE [JAN]
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [MI]
AKOS025293920
Sodium citrate dihydrate, >=99%, FG
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [VANDF]
BP-31019
SODIUM CITRATE DIHYDRATE [WHO-DD]
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, >=98%
Sodium citrate dihydrate, ACS reagent grade
SODIUM CITRATE, DIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
D01781
F82065
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, AR, >=99%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, LR, >=99%
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate ACS reagent
NATRII CITRAS, DEHYDRATE [WHO-IP LATIN]
A833161
A835986
Q22075862
Sodium citrate dihydrate Biochemical grade, Fine Granular
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, USP, 99.0-100.5%
Sodium Citrate Tribasic Dihydrate (Molecular Biology Grade)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
trisodium 2-oxidanylpropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate dihydrate
Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrateTrisodium citrate dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, insect cell culture tested
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, purum p.a., >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, tested according to Ph.Eur.
Trisodium citrate dihydrate, meets USP testing specifications
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioXtra, >=99.0% (titration)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, for molecular biology, >=99%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Sodium citrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt, dihydrate
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt, dihydrate
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 99-101%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.0% (NT)
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=99.0%
Sodium Citrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5%
Sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate, suitable for amino acid analysis, >=98% (titration), powder
Trisodium citrate [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:3) [ACD/Index Name]
200-675-3 [EINECS]
68-04-2 [RN]
994-36-5 [RN]
Citrate de trisodium [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Citric Acid Trisodium Salt
MFCD00012462 [MDL number]
RS7A450LGA
Sodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate
Sodium Citrate [JAN] [USAN] [Wiki]
Sodium citrate anhydrous
Trinatriumcitrat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Tris sodium citrate
trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt
114456-61-0 [RN]
205-623-3 [EINECS]
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanenetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt
Citnatin
Citrate Concentratedmissing
citrate sodium
citrate trisodium
Citratemissing
Citreme
Citric acid sodium salt anhydrous
Citric acid trisodium salt, anhydrous
Citric acid, trisodium salt
Citrosodina
Citrosodine
Citrosodna
Isolyte E
Natrocitral
Sodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
Sodium citrate (USP)
Sodium citrate buffer
SODIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC
Sodium citrate, anhydrous
Synthesis on demand
tri-sodium citrate
Trisodium citrate anhydrous
tris-sodium citrate
UNII-RS7A450LGA

Trisodium Orthophosphate; Phosphoric acid, trisodium, 12-hydrate; Sodium Phosphate Tribasic Dodecahydrate; Trisodium phosphate, dodecahydrate; TSP dodecahydrate; Tertiary Sodium phosphate cas no: 7601-54-9

cas no : 26658-19-5, Anhydrosorbitol tristearate; Sorbitan tristearate; Sorbitan, trioctadecanoate; Sorbitani tristearas; Triestearato de sorbitano; Tristearate de sorbitan; Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile); Nom INCI : SORBITAN TRIOLEATE Nom chimique : Anhydro-D-glucitol trioleate; N° EINECS/ELINCS : 247-569-3

Polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether; Octyl phenol ethoxylate; Polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether; 4-Octylphenol polyethoxylate; Mono 30; TX-100; t-Octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol; Octoxynol-9 cas no: 9002-93-1

Tristyrylphenol 20 EO

TSP 20

Tri-styryl phenol, 20 EO



Tristyrylphenol 20 EO is a Nonionic dispersing and wetting agent for organic pigments in dispersions, preparations, and coatings.

Tristyrylphenol 20 EO is a high-performing non-ionic emulsifier that delivers spontaneous emulsification with excellent long-term stability.

Tristyrylphenol 20 EO is generally combined with anionic emulsifiers such as calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonates and di-alkyl sulfosuccinates in Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC), Emulsion in Water (EW), Micro-Emulsion (ME) and Suspo-Emulsion (SE) emulsified systems.

A higher degree of Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates can also be used in dispersed systems, particularly SC formulations.

Composition
Tristyrylphenol-Polyglycolether with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide

tri-styryl phenol ethoxylate

Chemical characterization
Tristyryl phenol-polyethylene glycol ether

Synonym: ENVIOMET EM 2020; MAKON TSP-20; Emulsogen TS 200 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-(2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)-.omega.-hydroxy-; Tristyrenated Phenol Ethoxylate 20; Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate; Ethoxylated Tristyrylphenol

CAS number: 70559-25-0

EC / List no.: 615-124-6
CAS no.: 70559-25-0

Product properties *)

Active substance content: about 100 %

Ionicity: nonionic

Appearance
at 20 °C: yellowish paste
at 40 °C: yellowish liquid

pH value (DIN EN 1262), 10 % in water: 6.0 – 8.0

Solubility at 25 °C: soluble in water

Density at 50 °C: approx. 1.1 g/cm³

Flashpoint (DIN/ISO 2592): > 200 °C

Biocides: free of any additional biocide


Use
Tristyrylphenol 20 EO has an HLB value of about 14 and is used for aqueous pigment dispersions, preparations, paints, and coatings.

Use in pigment preparations:
Tristyrylphenol 20 EO is suitable for organic pigments and carbon black to produce stable, free-flowing pigment preparations with high solid contents.

Dosage: 15 – 30 % based on pigments


Use in paints and coatings:
Tristyrylphenol 20 EO improves the compatibility of pigments and minerals with polymers and binders.

Tristyrylphenol 20 EO prevents the skinning of emulsion polymers in paints and improves the shelf life and stability of emulsion paints.

Dosage: 0,3 – 1,0 % based on the paint formulation


Use in Crop Protection:
Tristyrylphenol 20 EO is also an emulsifier for the formulation of plant protection products and could be used to achieve the following crop protection formulation types:
Emulsifiable concentrate [ EC ]
Micro-emulsion [ ME ]




OTHER PRODUCTS OF ATAMAN CHEMICALS THAT MIGHT BE OF INTEREST:


Tri-styryl phenol, 14 EO


Tri-styryl phenol, 16 EO


Tri-styryl phenol, 30 EO


Tri-styryl phenol, 40 EO


Tri-styryl phenol, 54 EO

Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate has good emulsification, decontamination and moisturizing ability.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is an important hydrophilic group of compound agrochemical emulsifiers.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is soluble in water and many kinds of organic solvents.


CAS Number: 99734-09-5
Molecular Formula: C30H24O.(C2H4O)n


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate, also known as TSPE or Triton X series, is a class of nonionic surfactants widely employed in various industries due to their exceptional surface-active properties.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is a non-ionic surface active agent used as a dispersing and wetting agent in the paint and varnish industry.


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate consists of a tristyrylphenol core attached to ethylene oxide (EO) chains, resulting in a range of products with varying ethoxylation degrees.
The ethoxylation process imparts enhanced hydrophilicity and versatility to Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate, making them ideal for multiple applications.


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate has the form of a 90% clear aqueous solution, colourless to lightly yellow.
The primary application of Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is industrial manufacturing of water-dilutable pigment concentrates.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is high performing non-ionic emulsifiers that deliver spontaneous emulsification with excellent long-term stability.


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is light yellow liquid or white cream.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate becomes solid when the temperature is low.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is soluble in water and many kinds of organic solvents.


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate has good emulsification, decontamination and moisturizing capacity.
And Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is an important hydrophilic group for compound agrochemical emulsifier.



USES and APPLICATIONS of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
Applications of Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate: pigment concentrates, environmentally friendly and VOC-free paint products.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is a non-ionic surfactant widely applied in agrochemicals.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate CAS 99734-09-5 finds utility in diverse industries, including detergency, textiles, agrochemicals, paints and coatings, and personal care products.


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate's ability to modify surface tension, wetting properties, and emulsification characteristics makes them indispensable in many formulations.
Due to the presence of so called anchoring groups, Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate shows a strong affinity to organic pigments and carbon black, making it especially recommendable for the manufacturing of products based on such pigments.


Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is high performing non-ionic emulsifiers that deliver spontaneous emulsification with excellent long-term stability.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is generally combined with anionic emulsifiers.
Higher degree ethoxylates can also be used in dispersed systems, particularly SC formulations.


-Detergency Industry:
In the detergency industry, Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is utilized as the surfactant in laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, and other cleaning formulations.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate exhibits excellent wetting and emulsifying properties, enabling efficient removal of dirt, grease, and stains from various surfaces.
Furthermore, Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate's compatibility with enzymes and other detergent additives makes them valuable components in modern detergent formulations.


-Textile Industry:
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is extensively employed in the textile industry for various purposes.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate aids in wetting and penetrating textile fibers, facilitating even dyeing and printing.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate also enhances the dispersion of dyes and pigments, ensuring vibrant and long-lasting coloration.
Additionally, Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate improves the wash fastness of dyes, contributing to the overall quality of textile products.


-Agrochemicals:
In the agricultural sector, Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is utilized in the formulation of agrochemicals such as pesticides and herbicides. Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate assists in the dispersion of active ingredients, ensuring efficient coverage and absorption on plant surfaces.
The excellent emulsification properties of Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate enable the creation of stable and homogeneous formulations, enhancing the effectiveness of agrochemical products.


-Paints and Coatings:
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate finds extensive applications in the paints and coatings industry.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is used as emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents in the formulation of water-based paints and coatings.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate assists in the stabilization of pigment dispersions, preventing settling and flocculation.
Moreover, Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate contributes to the film-forming properties of coatings, ensuring smooth application and improved durability.


-Personal Care Products:
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is widely employed in the formulation of personal care products such as shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate functions as an effective foaming agent and emulsifier, creating a luxurious lather and enhancing the sensory experience during product use.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate also contributes to the stability and homogeneity of cosmetic formulations, ensuring consistent product quality.



ADVANTAGES OF TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
*excellent dispersing properties for organic pigments and carbon black,
*provides superior stability of water-dilutable pigment concentrates,
*prevents pigment sedimentation,
*significantly reduces pigment concentrate viscosity,
*improves concentrate tinctorial strength,
*provides excellent colour stability,
*provides very good pigment concentrate compatibility with commonly used water-dilutable paints,
*VOC-free,
*does not contain alkylphenol ethoxylated.



FUNCTIONS OF TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
*Emulsifier
*Latex Frothing Agent
*Adjuvant
*Wetting Agents



PROPERTIES AND USES OF TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
1. Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is light yellow liquid or white cream.
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate becomes solid when the temperature is low.
2. Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is soluble in water and many kinds of organic solvents.
3. Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate has good emulsification, decontamination and moisturizing capacity.
And Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is an important hydrophilic group for compound agrochemical emulsifier.



PACKING AND TRANSPORT OF TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate is flame-resisting and nontoxic which can be shipped as an ordinary chemical product.
As per specific customer needs(available in bulk & small volume), Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylate can be made available with customized packing.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
Acid Value: 0.6
Cloud Point, °C: 67
Density at 25°C, g/ml: 1.11
Flash Point, °C: >94
Form at 25°C: Liquid
HLB: 13
Hydroxyl Value: 49
Moles of EO: 16
Pour Point, °C: 19
Solids, %: 100
Viscosity at 25°C, cps: 920
Appearance: Light yellow liquid or paste
Water: 0.5% max
Cloud point (1%, water solution): 53.0-57.0°C
pH (1%, water solution): 5.0-7.0
Color (Gardener): 5 max




FIRST AID MEASURES of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Contain spillage, and then collect with non-combustible absorbent material.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Dry powder
Dry sand
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Do NOT use water jet.
-Further information:
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Face shield and safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.



HANDLING and STORAGE of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
No smoking.
Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Store in cool place.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TRISTYRYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Polyethylene glycol mono(tristyrylphenyl)ether
Ethoxylated polyarylphenol
Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl)
alpha-[tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]- omega -hydroxy-
Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl)
.alpha.-[tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]-.omega.-hydroxy-
Ethoxylatedtristyrylphenol
Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl)
alpha-(tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl)-omega-hydroxy-
Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl)
α-[tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]-ω-hydroxy-
Poly(oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl)
.alpha.-[tris(2-phenylethenyl)phenyl]-.omega.-hydroxy-
α-[Tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]-ω-hydroxypoly(oxy-2, 1-ethanediyl)
α-[Tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]-ω-hydroxy-poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
alpha.-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl-.omega.-hydroxy-
tristyryphanols(x mol EO)
Ethoxylated polyarylphenol
Ethoxylated polyarylphenol
Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates
Tristyryl phenol ethoxylated
Polyethylene glycol mono(tristyrylphenyl)ether
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO(TRISTYRYLPHENYL)ETHER
Polyethylene Glycol Mono(Tristyrylphenyl)Ethers
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
α-[tris(1-phenylethyl) phenyl]-ω-hydroxy-
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
.alpha.-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl-.omega.-hydroxy-
Tristyrylphenol Ethoxylates
Ethoxylated Polyarylphenol
Polyethylene Glycol Mono(Tristyrylphenyl)Ethers
polyethylene glycol mono(tristyrylphenyl)ether
tristyrylphenol ethoxylates
poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
α-[tris(1-phenylethyl) phenyl]-ω-hydroxy-
ethoxylated polyarylphenol
tristyryphanols(x mol eo)
polyethylene glycol mono(tristyrylphenyl)ethers
poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)
.alpha.-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl-.omega.-hydroxy-

Especially used for purification in membrane research TRITON CF-10 (90%) is a water soluble, non-ionic surfactant.
TRITON CF-10 (90%) exhibits a strong hydrogen bonding with water molecule in temperature dependent manner.
TRITON CF-10 (90%) has a wide application area such as in isolation and solubilization of protein, DNA extraction and emulsification.

CAS: 9036-19-5
MF: C18H30O3
MW: 294.43
EINECS: 999-999-2

Widely used non-ionic surfactant for recovery of membrane components under mild non-denaturing conditions.
1. TRITON CF-10 (90%) is easily soluble in water, resistant to acid, alkali, salt, and hard water.
TRITON CF-10 (90%) has good emulsification, leveling, wetting, diffusion, and cleaning properties.
TRITON CF-10 (90%) can be mixed with various surfactants and dye primers;
2. Used as leveling agent, diffuser, leather, wool degreasing agent, crude oil, fuel oil emulsifier, oil extraction acidification penetrating agent, styrene butadiene latex, emulsion polymerization emulsifier, glass fiber textile, cosmetics as emulsification, washing, penetration, wetting agent.

TRITON CF-10 (90%) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 0.05°C
Boiling point: 586.77°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.492
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Slightly)
Form: Liquid
Color: Yellow
PH: 5.0-8.0 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Water Solubility: Miscible with water.
Merck: 13,6793
BRN: 2315025
CAS DataBase Reference: 9036-19-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: TRITON CF-10 (90%) (9036-19-5)

Uses
0·3% TRITON CF-10 (90%) in TBS has been used for permeabilization of retinas before immunostaining.
0.5% TRITON CF-10 (90%) has been used for astrocyte cell lysis.

Triton? X-100 has been used:
In immunohistochemistry for staining the Flat-mount retinas
Along with ice-cold PBS (phosphate buffered saline) in suspension of cells for cell DNA analysis and Annexin V assay
To permeabilise cells during Immunofluorescent microscopic studies
As a positive control in LDH assay to determine the cell membrane integrity
For estimating the lipase activity in postheparin plasma by using modified Belfrage and Vaughan radioenzymatic procedure

For the preparation of outer membrane protein exctract
As a component of extraction buffer along with tris-HCl, NaCl, CaCl2, ZnCl2, Brij 35 for homogenization of mice lung cells
In the treatment of tissue sections for Immunofluorescence labeling
In the permeabilization of cells for immunofluorescence staining
As a component of lysis buffer in western blot analysis
As a component of Tris-buffered saline for the preparation of cell sections in Immunogold labelling for electron microscope

Synonyms
octylphenoleo(20)
octylphenoleo(3)
octylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol
op1062;ope-3
poly(ethyleneoxide)octylphenylether
polyethyleneglycolmono(octyl)phenylether
polyethyleneglycolmono(octylphenyl)ether

Triton DF-16 is low Foam / Nonionic.
Triton DF-16 is readily biodegradable low foaming surfactant with excellent wetting ability, improved Freeze/Thaw stability.


CAS-Number: 58229-81-5
EC Number: 633-454-9
Surfactant Type: Nonionic


Triton DF-16 is readily biodegradable low foaming surfactant with excellent wetting ability, improved Freeze/Thaw stability.
Triton DF-16 stores in a cool, ventilated warehouse.
Triton DF-16 is low Foam / Nonionic.


Triton DF-16 should be kept away from oxidizers, do not store together. Triton DF-16 is equipped with the appropriate variety and quantity of fire equipment.
The storage area of Triton DF-16 should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable containment materials.



USES and APPLICATIONS of TRITON DF-16:
Applications of Triton DF-16: Ion Exchange Resin Cleaners, Metal Cleaners, Pigment Dispersions, Pulp & Paper, Rinse Aids, Textile Processing, Wetting Agent.
Triton DF-16 is used, Ion exchange resin cleaner, metal cleaner, pigment dispersion system, pulp and paper, rinse aid, textile processing, and wetting agent


Recommended uses and limitations of Triton DF-16: Multi-purpose surfactant
Triton DF-16 is used Rinse aids, Commercial machine dishwashing, Food and dairy process cleaners, Metal cleaning applications, Pulp and paper, Textile processing, and Pigment dispersions.


-Application of Low Foaming Nonionic Surfactant, Triton DF-16:
* Ion exchange resin cleaner
* Metal cleaner
* Pigment dispersion system
* Pulp and paper
* rinse aid
* Textile processing
* humectant



ADVANTAGES OF TRITON DF-16:
• Low Foam wetting agent
• Excellent hard surface detergency
• Acid stability
• Readily biodegradable



BENEFITS OF TRITON DF-16:
• Excellent detergency and wetting properties
• Caustic and acid stability
• Superior food and protein soil defoaming ability
• Low Foam wetting agent
• Excellent hard surface detergency
• Acid stability
• Readily biodegradable



SOLUBILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF TRITON DF-16:
• Soluble in water
• Insoluble in highly aliphatic solvents and glycols
• Chemically stable in acidic & alkaline solutions



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TRITON DF-16:
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Form: Liquid
Appearance: liquid
Boiling Point: > 200 °C (> 392 °F)

Color: yellow
Evaporation Rate: Calculated < 0.01
Flash Point: 157 °C (315 °F) Method: ASTM D 93
Kinematic Viscosity: Calculated 35.3 mm2/s
Odor: pungent
pH: 6 (as aqueous solution)
Relative Density: 0.992 @ 20 °C (68 °F) Reference Material: (water = 1)
Relative Vapor Density: Calculated 9
Solubility in Water: completely soluble
Vapor Pressure: Calculated < 0.01 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Active Ingredient, wt%: 100
Cloud Point, 1% aq. soln., °C (°F): 36
HLB (calculated): 11.6
Appearance: Transparent, colorless liquid
pH, 5% aq solution: 6
Viscosity at 25°C (77°F), cP: 35
Density at 25°C (77°F), g/mL: 1.029
Flash Pt, Closed Cup, ASTM D93: 154°C 310°F
Pour Point, ASTM D97, °C (°F): -6

Cloud Point, 1% aq. soln., °C (°F): 36
HLB (calculated): 11.6
Appearance: Transparent, colorless liquid
pH, 5% aq solution: 6
Viscosity at 25°C (77°F), cP: 35
Density at 25°C (77°F), g/mL: 1.029
Flash Pt, Closed Cup, ASTM D93: 154°C 310°F
Pour Point, ASTM D97, °C (°F): （-6）
Surface Tension: 30
Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC), ppm: 530
Draves 25 sec wetting conc, wt% at 25°C (77°F): 0.07
Hamilton Beach Foam Test: 0.01 wt%
at 25°C (77°F), cm: 4.5
at 50°C (122°F): 0.8
at 75°C (167°F): 0

Physical State: Liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: irritating
Flash point: closed cup method 157°CASTM D93
Flash point: open cup method 215°CASTM D92
Lower flammability limit in air: no experimental data
Upper limit: no experimental data
Autoignition temperature No experimental data
Vapor pressure Calculation of boiling point (760 mmHg) > 200°C.
Vapor density (air=1) 9 calculation
Specific gravity (water=1) 0.992 Calculation at 20°C/20°C
freezing point see flow point
Melting point does not apply to liquids
Solubility in water (by weight) 100% 20°C visually
Calculated at pH 6 (5%aq.sol)
Molecular weight 570 g/mol calculation
Evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1) < 0.01 calculation
Calculation of dynamic viscosity 35.3 cSt
Calculation of pour point -6°C

Physical State Liquid
Color Colorless
Odor Irritating
Flash Point-Closed Cup Method 157 °CASTM D93
Flash Point-Open Cup Method 215 °CASTM D92
Flammability Limit in Air Lower Limit: No Experimental Data
Upper Limit: No Experimental Data
Spontaneous Ignition Temperature No Exp erimental Data
Vapor Pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 20 °C Calculated
Boiling Point (760 mmHg) > 200 °C Calculated.
Vapor Density (Air=1) 9 Calculated
Specific Gravity (Water=1) 0.992 20 °C/20 °C Calculated
Freezing Point See Pour Point Melting
Point Not applicable
Solubility in liquid water (by weight) 100 % @ 20 °C visually
pH 6 calculated (5% aq.sol)
molecular weight 570 g/mol calculated
evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1) kinetic Viscosity calculated at 35.3 cSt
Pour point calculated at -6 °C



FIRST AID MEASURES of TRITON DF-16:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TRITON DF-16:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TRITON DF-16:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Nature of decomposition products not known.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TRITON DF-16:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Face shield and safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of TRITON DF-16:
-Precautions for safe handling:
Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 12: Non Combustible Liquids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TRITON DF-16:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
68603-25-8
TRITON DF-16 Surfactant
TRITON DF-16
TRITON DF-16 Surfactant
A capped ethoxylated alcohol
DF-16 Surfactant

TRITON GR-5M (60%) is a group of surfactants, sulfonate esters.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) have the ability to emulsify between oil and water and provide stability.

CAS Number: 577-11-7
EINECS: 209-406-4
Molecular Formula: C20H37NaO7S

TRITON GR-5M (60%) is an anionic, sulfosuccinate surfactant with excellent wetting properties for use in applications such as paints & coatings, paper & textile and agrochemicals.
The advantages are it has excellent wetting properties and further it has emulsifying & dispersing ability.

Such compounds are substances that can interface between water and oil, thanks to the appropriate combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic (water-loving and water-repelling) groups in a solvent environment.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are versatile surfactants used in a variety of industries.
These properties allow them to be used in many different areas, from cleaning products to personal care products, from the petroleum industry to paint and coating applications.

Therefore, they are widely used as surfactants in various industries.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) can be used as cleaning products, personal care products, detergents, pre-rain treatment products and solvents in the petroleum industry.

One of the most common types of TRITON GR-5M (60%) is known as dioctyl sulfosuccinate (dioctyl sulfosuccinate).
TRITON GR-5M (60%) is used especially in the petroleum industry, in the formulation of products from oil production and helping to combine oil with water.

The surfactant properties, emulsifying, foaming and cleaning abilities of TRITON GR-5M (60%) lead them to be preferred in industrial applications and consumer products.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) also raises some environmental and health concerns.
Because some types of TRITON GR-5M (60%) can be substances that are not biodegradable and can cause environmental pollution in water systems.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) have the ability to form a stable emulsion between water and oil.
This feature helps to obtain a homogeneous mixture in products where oil and water-based components are used together.
This property is useful in cosmetics, paints and varnishes, the petroleum industry, and the application of agricultural products.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) lower the water surface tension, thus allowing liquids to spread better and contact surfaces more easily.
This property is important to ensure dispersibility and effective cleaning in cleaning products and paints.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are surfactants that foam quickly and intensely.
This creates foam, especially in cleaning and personal care products, which helps the product to spread effectively and provide effective cleaning.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are ionic surfactants and dissolve in the water environment.
This property facilitates electrostatic interactions between molecules in solution and helps to form a stable bond between water and oil.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) can generally work effectively in the neutral or acidic pH range.
This helps cleaning products and personal care products be effective even at low pH levels.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are often considered skin-friendly due to their surface-active properties and are used in a variety of personal care products.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are dispersants that allow the solid particles to be easily dispersed in the liquid and the dispersion to be stable.
These properties make it valuable in the formulation of dispersion products used in various industries.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) can be used to prevent or reduce corrosion on some metal surfaces.
Therefore, they can be preferred for cleaning and protecting metal surfaces in industrial cleaning products.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are surfactants that can remain stable at high temperature.
These properties are important in some industries, products and processes used at high temperatures to maintain their effectiveness.

Density: 1.1
Melting point: 153-157℃
Boiling point: 82.7°C
Flash Point: 199 C
Precise Quality: 444.21600
PSA: 118.18000
logP:4.89030
Solubility: 1.5 g/100 mL (25 oC)

TRITON GR-5M (60%) can work effectively even at low concentrations.
Therefore, they offer a cost-effective solution by using less amount in product formulations.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are generally classified as anionic surfactants.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) allows them to work in harmony with other ionic substances in solution in a variety of applications.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) is well compatible with TRITON GR-5M (60%), other surfactants and various chemical components.
Therefore, it allows them to be used with other substances in complex formulations.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) leave no residue on surfaces and can be easily rinsed off.
This helps prevent unwanted residues in cleaning products and personal care products.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are generally fast-acting and show their effect in a short time.
This contributes to their preference in emergencies or applications that require immediate results.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) can be resistant to saponification.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) can alter electrophoretic motion and therefore can be used in electrophoresis applications.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) have good compatibility with electrolytes in the aquatic environment.
These properties allow the products to maintain their surfactant effects in applications where they interact with liquids containing electrolytes.

Some types of TRITON GR-5M (60%) are surfactants that are biodegradable.
This enables them to offer more environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are generally colorless and odorless, which makes them easy to use in various industries and does not affect the color and odor of products.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) can withstand water hardness levels and can also work effectively in hard water conditions.
For this reason, they are also preferred in regions with different water qualities.

Uses
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are widely used in household and industrial cleaning products such as dishwashing liquids, laundry detergents, all-purpose cleaners, and floor cleaners.
They help to emulsify oils and greases, disperse dirt, and remove stains effectively.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are found in personal care items like shampoos, body washes, shower gels, and hand soaps.
They provide foaming and cleansing properties, leaving the skin and hair feeling clean and refreshed.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used as emulsifiers in various applications, including food processing, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
They help in stabilizing emulsions, where oil and water-based ingredients need to be mixed together.

In the agricultural industry, TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used as adjuvants in pesticide formulations.
They help improve the spreading and wetting of the pesticide solution on plant surfaces, increasing its effectiveness.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used as wetting agents and dispersants in paint and coating formulations.
They aid in the even distribution of pigments and improve the paint's adhesion to surfaces.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) find applications in the oil and gas industry as surfactants for enhancing oil recovery during drilling and production processes.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used as emulsifiers in metalworking fluids, aiding in the formation and stability of water-oil emulsions used in metal cutting and forming processes.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are employed as wetting agents and emulsifiers in the textile industry for dyeing and finishing processes.

In electroplating, TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used as additives to improve the dispersion of metal ions in plating baths and enhance the uniformity of metal deposition.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are utilized in water treatment processes as dispersants and cleaners to control scale and deposit buildup in industrial water systems.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used in pharmaceutical formulations as excipients to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.
They can be used as emulsifying agents in topical creams and ointments.

In the petroleum industry, TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes to improve the displacement of oil from reservoirs and increase oil production.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are employed as foaming agents in various applications, including firefighting foams, fire extinguishers, and in the production of foamed plastics and rubbers.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used in agrochemical formulations, such as herbicides and insecticides, to improve their effectiveness and adherence to plant surfaces.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are utilized in industrial cleaning processes for cleaning equipment, machinery, and surfaces, where effective degreasing and soil removal are required.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used in photographic processing chemicals as wetting agents and emulsifiers to disperse and stabilize photographic emulsions.

TRITON GR-5M (60%) are employed as dispersants and wetting agents in water-based ink formulations to disperse pigments and improve printing quality.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) are used in the paper and pulp industry as wetting agents, dispersants, and cleaning agents during various stages of the papermaking process.

Health Hazards
Direct contact with concentrated sulfosuccinate solutions can cause skin and eye irritation.
TRITON GR-5M (60%) is essential to avoid skin contact and wear appropriate protective equipment when handling these substances.

Inhalation:
Inhalation of fine aerosols or mists of TRITON GR-5M (60%) may irritate the respiratory system.
Adequate ventilation and respiratory protection should be used in situations where the risk of inhalation is present.

Environmental Impact:
Some TRITON GR-5M (60%) may persist in the environment and could contribute to water pollution if released without proper treatment.
It is important to follow local regulations and dispose of TRITON GR-5M (60%) safely.

Aquatic Toxicity:
High concentrations of certain TRITON GR-5M (60%) may be toxic to aquatic life.
Proper handling and disposal are necessary to prevent environmental contamination.

Chemical Incompatibility:
TRITON GR-5M (60%) can be incompatible with certain materials, such as strong acids or oxidizing agents.
Mixing them with incompatible substances can lead to hazardous reactions.

Synonyms
Docusate sodium
577-11-7
Aerosol OT
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Dioctylal
Diotilan
Disonate
Molatoc
Regutol
Velmol
Doxol
Nevax
Constonate
Dialose
Doxinate
Soliwax
Colace
Molcer
Waxsol
Adekacol EC 8600
Docusate (Sodium)
Mervamine
Clestol
Defilin
Obston
Rapisol
Requtol
Docusate sodium salt
Diox
Modane Soft
Alcopol O
Sulfimel DOS
Manoxal OT
Manoxol OT
Monoxol OT
Aerosol AOT
Aerosol GPG
Vatsol OT
Wetaid SR
Aerosol OT-A
Aerosol OT-B
Laxinate 100
Sanmorin OT 70
Triton GR 7
Triton GR-5
Diomedicone
Aerosol OT 70PG
Aerosol OT 75
Celanol DOS 65
Celanol DOS 75
Coloxyl
Comfolax
Complemix
Coprola
Dioctlyn
Dioctyl
Diosuccin
Docolace
Docuprene
Dulcivac
Dulsivac
Eurowet
Humifen WT 27G
Laxinate
Molofac
Sobital
Solusol-75%
Coprol
Diovac
Konlax
Kosate
Silace
Softil
Bloat treatment
Revac
Nikkol OTP 70
Aerosol A 501
Alkasurf SS-O 75
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Solusol-100%
Nekal WT-27
Berol 478
Alphasol OT
Docusatum natricum
Empimin op70
Sanmorin ot 70n
Dioctyl-Medo forte
Natrii dioctylsulfosuccinas
Tex-Wet 1001
Airrol ct-1
Doc Q Lace
Mackanate dos-70
Nikkol otp-75
Gemtex pa-70
Rapisol a 30
Triton gr-pg 70
D-S-S
DESS
Monawet MD 70E
Monawet MO-70
Sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate
Nissan rapisol a 30
Monawet MO-70 RP
Geriplex
Unilax
Docusato sodico
Monawet MO-84 R2W
Sodium 2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate
Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Docusate sodique
HSDB 3065
Ins no.480
Dialose Plus
Monawet mo 65-150
2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Senokot S
Correctol Caplets
Correctol Tablets
Senokap DSS
EINECS 209-406-4
Ins-480
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinat
UNII-F05Q2T2JA0
Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodium sulfosuccinate
Correctol Extra Gentle Tablets
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
Sodium di-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Docusate sodique [INN-French]
Docusato sodico [INN-Spanish]
F05Q2T2JA0
Docusatum natricum [INN-Latin]
DTXSID8022959
AI3-00239
Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Diethylhexyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
Sodium sulfodi-(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate
CHEMAX DOSS/75E
Di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt
SV 102
Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
NSC-760404
Bis(ethylhexyl) ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid
Sulfosuccinic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester sodium salt
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) S-sodium sulfosuccinate
Docusate Sodium [USAN:BAN]
CHEBI:4674
DTXCID102959
Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho
Sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate
E 480
E-480
sodium 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
EC 209-406-4
Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego
sodium docusate
1,4-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfobutanedioate, sodium salt
Bis-2-ethylhexylester sulfojantaranu sodneho [Czech]
Sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate
NSC 760404
AOT
Docusate sodium [USAN:USP:INN:BAN]
SBO
Sulfosuccinic acid, di-(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Sol sodowej sulfobursztynianu dwu-2-etyloheksylowego [Polish]
Succinic acid, sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
AEC DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
DOCUSATE SODIUM (II)
DOCUSATE SODIUM [II]
Docusate sodique (INN-French)
Docusato sodico (INN-Spanish)
DOCUSATE SODIUM (MART.)
DOCUSATE SODIUM [MART.]
DOCUSATE SODIUM (USP-RS)
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP-RS]
sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (JAN)
DOCUSATE SODIUM (USP IMPURITY)
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP IMPURITY]
DOCUSATE SODIUM (USP MONOGRAPH)
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USP MONOGRAPH]
C20H38O7S
CAS-577-11-7
Yal
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [JAN]
DIOCTYL DISODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE
NCGC00164140-03
Prenexa
Purgasol
Vinacol
natrii docusas
Docusate Sod
Senexon-S
docusato de sodio
Folca[s care pme
Folcal DHA
Senna-S
Colace (TN)
MFCD00012455
DEH Na SS
DEH-Na-SS
Docusate sodium (USP)
DSS (CHRIS Code)
NCGC00183136-01
SCHEMBL4113
DOCUSATE SODIUM [MI]
Dioctylsulphosuccinate, Sodium
MLS004773938
DOCUSATE SODIUM [INN]
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, Sodium
DOCUSATE SODIUM [HSDB]
DOCUSATE SODIUM [USAN]
Sulfosuccinic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt
DOCUSATE SODIUM [VANDF]
CHEMBL1905872
A06AA02
Correctol Stool Softener Laxative
DOCUSATE SODIUM [WHO-DD]
APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
HMS3264P07
HMS3885B10
Sodium Sulfosuccinate, Diethylhexyl
Sulfosuccinate, Diethylhexyl Sodium
BCP31325
HY-B1268
4-(4-Bromophenoxymethyl)benzoicacid
Aerosol™ OT, Solid Anhydrous
Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (INN)
Tox21_112087
Tox21_113469
Tox21_201342
Tox21_300496
s4588
AKOS015901806
CCG-213234
CS-4813
LS-3162
Sodium Di(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sodium Salt
Docusate sodium salt, BioXtra, >=99%
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, 96%
NCGC00164140-01
NCGC00254414-01
NCGC00258894-01
AS-13347
E480
SMR001595510
DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [FCC]
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate with Ethanol
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) TRITON GR-5M (60%)odium salt
Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, >=97%
FT-0689234
D00305
Docusate sodium salt, p.a., 99.0-100.5%
E77584
DIETHYLHEXYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE [INCI]
Docusate sodium salt, purum, >=96.0% (TLC)
Docusate sodium salt, BioUltra, >=99.0% (TLC)
Docusate sodium, meets USP testing specifications
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate with Diethylene Glycol
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate with Propylene Glycol
Q2815334
W-105447
F8880-5559
Docusate sodium, British Pharmacopoeia (BP) Reference Standard
Docusate sodium, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate
sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester S-sodium salt
Docusate sodium, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
2-Sulfobutanedioic acid 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt (1:1)
Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; (Di-(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate)
1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sodiumsulfosuccinate pound>>Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt
Butanedioic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt (1:1)

TRITON H66 is hydrotrope, stable in acidic and alkaline conditions, effective with low foam surfactants.
TRITON H66 is readily biodegradable.
TRITON H66 is used as solubilizer in built detergents.

CAS: 37281-48-4
MF: C6H6O4P.CH3.K
MW: 227.22

TRITON H66 Properties:
Test item: Index
Number of colors: ≤30#
Appearance(25°C): Colorless to yellowish liquid
Phase (25°C): 8.0-10.0
Solid content (%): 49.0-51.0
The odor: slight odor
Proportion(25°C), g/cm 3: >1
Solubility: Solubility in water
Superficial tension: Neutral:45; alkalinity: 41
Height of foam: Neutral:50/8; alkalinity: 105/25

Uses
TRITON H66 is water soluble cosolvent stable under acidity and alkalinity conditions.
TRITON H66 can solubilize low and medium foam surface without affecting the foam properties.
And TRITON H66 is suitable for various non-ionic and anionic alkaline systems.

TRITON H66 is resistant to electrolytes and has excellent salt tolerance, which can significantly increase the solubility of nonionic surface agents in high alkaline salt solutions at high temperatures.

TRITON H66 can be widely used in commercial cleaning industry, paints and coatings, paper and textiles, agricultural chemicals, oilfield chemicals and other fields.

Synonyms
Triton H 66

TRITON HW-1000 is a non-APE based non-ionic hydrocarbon.
Acts as a wetting agent and surfactant.
Exhibits faster processing, dispersibility and biodegradability.

CAS: 60828-78-6
MF: C12H26O.(C2H4O)n
EINECS: 612-043-8

Provides excellent wetting, leveling, low foaming and de-foaming.
Offers reduction in the dynamic and equilibrium surface tension of waterborne solutions under both static and dynamic status.
Possesses capability of wetting various substrates, reducing defects, improving gloss and smoothness of coating films.
TRITON HW-1000 is used in water-based formulations.
Complies with low- and no-VOC regulatory requirements.

TRITON HW-1000 is a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (on average TRITON HW-1000 has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and an aromatic hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group.
The hydrocarbon group is a 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl group.
TRITON HW-1000 is closely related to IGEPAL CA-630, which might differ from it mainly in having slightly shorter ethylene oxide chains.
As a result, TRITON HW-1000 is slightly more hydrophilic than Igepal CA-630 thus these two detergents may not be considered to be functionally interchangeable for most applications.

TRITON HW-1000 Chemical Properties
Density: 1.04 g/mL at 20 °C
Fp: 130 °C
Form: liquid
EPA Substance Registry System: TRITON HW-1000 (60828-78-6)

Uses
TRITON HW-1000 is a commonly used detergent in laboratories.
TRITON HW-1000 is widely used to lyse cells to extract protein or organelles, or to permeabilize the membranes of living cells.

Inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses (e.g. HIV, HBV, HCV) in manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals,
Industrial purpose (plating of metal),
Ingredient in influenza vaccines, including Fluarix, Flublok, and Fluzone,
Permeabilizing unfixed (or lightly fixed) eukaryotic cell membranes,
Solubilizing membrane proteins in their native state in conjunction with zwitterionic detergents such as CHAPS,
Part of the lysis buffer (usually in a 5% solution in alkaline lysis buffer) in DNA extraction,

Reducing surface tension of aqueous solutions during immunostaining (usually at a concentration of 0.1-0.5% in TBS or PBS buffer),
Dispersion of carbon materials for soft composite materials,
Restricting colony expansion in Aspergillus nidulans in microbiology,
Decellularization of animal-derived tissues,
Removing SDS from SDS-PAGE gels prior to renaturing the proteins within the gel,
Disruption of cell monolayers as a positive control for TEER measurements,
Micellar catalyst,
Reducing surface tension in etching such as undercutting fine features (micron size openings) in MEMS device processing,
TRITON HW-1000 is an ingredient in Photo-Flo, a solution used in photographic processing to prevent minerals from water being deposited on the film after drying.

Synonyms
60828-78-6
Tergitol TMN-6
2-(2,6,8-trimethylnonan-4-yloxy)ethanol
10137-98-1
Tergitol(r) tmn-10
BRN 1851894
2-(2,6,8-Trimethyl-4-nonyloxy)ethanol
Ethanol, 2-[[3,5-dimethyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)hexyl]oxy]-
2-((1-Isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexyl)oxy)ethanol
Ethyleneglycolmono-2,6,8-trimethyl-4-nonyl ether
Ethylene glycol mono-2,6,8-trimethyl-4-nonyl ether
ETHANOL, 2-((1-ISOBUTYL-3,5-DIMETHYLHEXYL)OXY)-
2-[(1-Isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexyl)oxy]ethanol
Ethanol, 2-[(1-isobutyl-3,5-dimethylhexyl)oxy]-
Ethanol, 2-((3,5-dimethyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)hexyl)oxy)-
DTXSID00873978
LS-66836
LS-72947
2-[[3,5-Dimethyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)hexyl]oxy]ethanol

Triton X-100 (C14H22O(C2H4O)n) is a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and an aromatic hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group.
The hydrocarbon group is a 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl group.
Triton X-100 is closely related to IGEPAL CA-630, which might differ from it mainly in having slightly shorter ethylene oxide chains.

CAS: 9002-93-1
MF: C18H28O5
MW: 324.41192
EINECS: 618-344-0

As a result, Triton X-100 is slightly more hydrophilic than Igepal CA-630 thus these two detergents may not be considered to be functionally interchangeable for most applications.
Triton X-100 was originally a registered trademark of Rohm & Haas Co.
Triton X-100 was subsequently purchased by Union Carbide and then acquired upon the acquisition of Union Carbide.
Triton X-100 is a common non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier which is often used in biochemical applications to solubilize proteins.
Triton X-100 is considered a comparatively mild detergent, non-denaturing, and is reported in numerous references as a routinely added reagent.
Triton X-100 is utilized for lysing cells to extract protein and cellular organelles.
Triton X-100 can also permeabilize the living cell membrane for transfection.
A poly(ethylene glycol) terminated with a 4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-3-yl) phenyl group at one end.

Triton X-100 is a non-ionic surfactant.
This octylphenol ethoxylate has higher number of ethylene oxide units, increased cmc (Critical micelle concentration) and hydrophile/lipophile balance when compared to Triton X-100.
Triton X-100 is compatible with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic surfactants and chemically stable in most acidic and alkaline solutions.
Triton X-100 is a nonionic detergent, 100% active ingredient, which is often used in biochemical applications to solubilize proteins.
Triton X-100 has no antimicrobial properties.

Triton X-100 is considered a comparatively mild detergent, non-denaturing, and is reported in numerous references as a routinely added reagent.
Triton X-100 does absorb in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, however, so can interfere with protein quantitation.
A number of polymeric resins have been used to remove Triton X-100 from solution, including Amberlite hydrophobic XAD resins and Rezorian A161 cartridges.
The "X" series of Triton X-100 detergents are produced from octylphenol polymerized with ethylene oxide.
The number ("-100") relates only indirectly to the number of ethylene oxide units in the structure.

Triton X-100 has an "average of 9.5" ethylene oxide units per molecule, with an average molecular weight of 625.
In addition, lower and higher mole adducts will be present in lesser amounts, varying slightly within supplier standard manufacturing conditions.
No antioxidants are added by Sigma or the manufacturer, but commercial preparations of Triton X-100 have been found to contain peroxides up to 0.22% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) equivalents.
These impurities may interfere with biological reactions.
Sigma offers X-100-PC and X-100R-PC as biological grade alternatives.

Triton X-100 Chemical Properties
Melting point: 44-46 °C
Boiling point: 250 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: < 1.33 hPa at 20 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.491
Fp: 535 °F
Storage temp.: protect from light
Solubility H2O: 0.005 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: Viscous Liquid
Color: ≤100(APHA)
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 9.7
PH: 6.5-8.5 (25℃)
Water Solubility: Miscible with water.
Merck: 14,6761
BRN: 2315025
LogP: 4.610 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System: Triton X-100 (9002-93-1)

Triton X-100 is a very stable material, assumed to be stable for years if stored sealed.
Triton X-100 is a clear to slightly hazy, colorless to light yellow liquid (color by APHA = 100).
1. Specific gravity: 1.065 at 25°C (Approx. 1.07 g/mL).
2. Approximate molecular weight = 625, giving effective molarity = 1.7 M for the neat liquid.
3. UV absorption: lambda max = 275 nm and 283 nm in methanol.
4. Viscosity (Brookfield): 240 cps at 25°C.
5. pH (5% aqueous solution): 6.0 to 8.0.
6. Critical micelle concentration (CMC): 0.22 to 0.24 mM.

Undiluted Triton X-100 is a clear viscous fluid (less viscous than undiluted glycerol).
Undiluted Triton X-100 has a viscosity of about 270 centipoise at 25 °C which comes down to about 80 centipoise at 50 °C.
Triton X-100 is soluble at 25 °C in water, toluene, xylene, trichloroethylene, ethylene glycol, ethyl ether, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethylene dichloride.
Triton X-100 is insoluble in kerosene, mineral spirits, and naphtha, unless a coupling agent like oleic acid is used.

Uses
Triton X-100 is a commonly used detergent in laboratories.
Triton X-100 is widely used to lyse cells to extract protein or organelles, or to permeabilize the membranes of living cells.
Nonionic detergent, emulsifier, dispersing agent.
Triton X-100 as spermaticide.
Triton-X 100 is a non-ionic surfactant.
Used in the enhancement of film porosity in conducting polymers.
Detergent, equivalent to Nonidet P-40.

Triton X-100 is used as a non-ionic detergent, emulsifier and dispersing agent.
Triton X-100 is useful for isolation of membrane proteins.
Triton X-100 is also used in electrophoresis.
Triton X-100 is an active ingredient in influenza vaccine (Fluzone).
Triton X-100 finds applications in the dispersion of carbon materials for soft composite materials and restricting colony expansion in Aspergillus nidulans in microbiology.
Further, Triton X-100 is an active ingredient in homemade vinyl record cleaning fluids together with distilled water and isopropyl alcohol.

Some applications include:
Inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses (e.g. HIV, HBV, HCV) in manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals
Industrial purpose (plating of metal)
Ingredient in influenza vaccines, including Fluarix, Flublok, and Fluzone
Permeabilizing unfixed (or lightly fixed) eukaryotic cell membranes.
Solubilizing membrane proteins in their native state in conjunction with zwitterionic detergents such as CHAPS.
Part of the lysis buffer (usually in a 5% solution in alkaline lysis buffer) in DNA extraction.

Reducing surface tension of aqueous solutions during immunostaining (usually at a concentration of 0.1-0.5% in TBS or PBS buffer).
Dispersion of carbon materials for soft composite materials.
Restricting colony expansion in Aspergillus nidulans in microbiology.
Decellularization of animal-derived tissues.
Removing SDS from SDS-PAGE gels prior to renaturing the proteins within the gel.
Disruption of cell monolayers as a positive control for TEER measurements.
Micellar catalyst.

Reducing surface tension in etching such as undercutting fine features (micron size openings) in MEMS device processing
Triton X-100 is an ingredient in Photo-Flo, a solution used in photographic processing to prevent minerals from water being deposited on the film after drying.
Apart from laboratory use, Triton X-100 can be found in several types of cleaning compounds, ranging from heavy-duty industrial products to gentle detergents.
Triton X-100 is also a popular ingredient in homemade vinyl record cleaning fluids together with distilled water and isopropyl alcohol.

Synonyms
Triton X-100
2315-67-5
9002-93-1
Octoxinol
Octoxynol 9
Octoxynol-1
Octoxynol
4-tert-Octylphenol Monoethoxylate
Triton X
Preceptin
Triton x-45
Triton X 45
Triton X 100
Triton X 305
Octoxynol 1
Hydrol SW
Alfenol 3
Alfenol 9
2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol
Marlophen 820
Neutronyx 605
Conco nix-100
Hyonic pe-250
Triton X 35
Antarox A-200
Octoxinolum
Triton X 165
Triton X 405
Triton X 705
Triton X-102
Ethanol, 2-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]-
Poletoxol
Ortho-gynol
Peg 4-isooctylphenyl ether
PEG-9 Octyl phenyl ether
Octoxynol-12
Octoxynol-25
Octoxynol-33
Octoxynol-40
4-tert-Octylphenyl peg ether
Peg 4-tert-octylphenyl ether
OPE 30
2-(p-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy)ethanol
Texofor FP 300
Ethanol, octylphenoxy-
Triton X 101
Triton X 102
Octoxynol 9 [USAN]
Octoxinolum [INN-Latin]
TX 100
2-[4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]ethanol
UNII-20CAX7IO75
Peg P-tert-octylphenyl ether
CCRIS 985
20CAX7IO75
2-(4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy)ethanol
NSC-5259
Peg (P-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl) ether
NSC 406472
Triton,(-)
Igepal CA-210
NCGC00091012-01
p-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol ethoxylate
DSSTox_CID_14085
DSSTox_RID_79110
DSSTox_GSID_34085
2-(4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy)ethanol
alpha-(P-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy)ethanol
Ethanol, 2-(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy)-
2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethan-1-ol
Octoxinols
Octoxynols
ETHANOL, 2-(P-(1,1,3,3-TETRAMETHYLBUTYL)PHENOXY)-
C17H28O2
MFCD00132505
(C2-H4-O)mult-C14-H22-O
CAS-9002-93-1
Triton X-305
OP1EO
2-(4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol
2-(4-tert-Octylphenoxy)ethanol
Octoxynol-5
Octoxynol-7
Octoxynol-70
Octoxinol (INN)
NSC 5259
Octoxynol 9 (NF)
Octylphenol Ethoxylate
Triton,(+)
Triton X-405
4-tert-Octylphenyl (2-Hydroxyethyl)ether
OCTOXYNOL-8
UNII-GW0EMR6SXY
OCTOXYNOL-13
UNII-3E2NC94VPF
UNII-480KVF3EBY
UNII-7JPC6Y25QS
UNII-NR7ZWN391G
UNII-QH2U227LZY
Octoxynol 9 [USAN:NF]
OCTOXYNOL-1 [II]
Triton X-100 (TN)
TRITON X-15
PEG-11 Octyl phenyl ether
PEG-12 Octyl phenyl ether
PEG-25 Octyl phenyl ether
PEG-33 Octyl phenyl ether
PEG-40 Octyl phenyl ether
UNII-9T1C662FKS
UNII-KI56N6W95G
UNII-SQL994V0M6
UNII-TJ327E1R1V
OCTOXYNOL-1 [INCI]
SCHEMBL33822
OCTOXYNOL 1 [VANDF]
CHEMBL39763
UNII-48RF3T316O
UNII-8419DEW37J
CHEBI:9750
TRITON X-15 SURFACTANT
DTXSID1058680
BDBM81480
NSC5259
4-iso-Octylphenol-mono-ethoxylate
CHEBI:177811
Bio1_000474
Bio1_000963
Bio1_001452
CAS_5590
NSC_5590
Tox21_111055
Tox21_202544
PDSP1_001087
PDSP2_001071
STL451484
AT25387
CS-T-62564
NSC-406472
NCGC00260093-01
9063-89-2
AS-68067
CAS_118-96-7
LS-72946
Ethanol,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]-
CS-0449852
FT-0673247
FT-0689215
D05229
P-TERT-OCTYLPHENYL (2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER
2-[4-(2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentanyl)phenoxy]ethanol
J-015013
Q27253450
4-iso-Octylphenol-mono-ethoxylate 10 microg/mL in Acetone
Glycols, mono[p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl] ether
26-(Octylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacosan-1-ol
3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-Octaoxahexacosan-1-ol, 26-(octylphenoxy)-
3,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30-Decaoxatriacontan-1-ol, 30-[p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-
32-(4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,- 30-decaoxadotriacontan-1-ol

TBP; Phosphoric acid, tri-n-butyl ester; tri-n-butyl phosphate; Butyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tributyl ester; celluphos 4; n-Butyl Phosphate; Tributilfosfato (Italian); Tributoxyphosphine Oxide; Tributyle (Phosphate De) (French); Tributylfosfaat (Dutch); Tributylphosphat (German); Fosfato de tributilo (Spanish); Phosphate de tributyle (French) CAS NO: 126-73-8

Triton X-405 (70%) has excellent emulsion stabilizer, provides freeze thaw and ionic stability.
Triton X-405 (70%) is an octylphenol ethoxylated.
Triton X-405 (70%) is a non-ionic surfactant.


CAS Number: 9036-19-5
MDL number: MFCD00128254
Triton X-405 (70% active) x = 40
Product Type: Wetting Agents / Wet Edge Enhancers > Surfactants
Chemical Name: OCTYL PHENOL ETHOXYLATE
Chemical Composition: Octylphenol ethoxylate
Molecular Formula: C14H21(C2H4O)39-41OH / C₂₈H₅₀O₈


Triton X-405 (70%) is an excellent primary nonionic surfactant, recommended especially for the emulsion polymerization of acrylic, vinyl acrylic, styrene butadiene and styrene acrylic polymers.
Triton X-405 (70%) has excellent emulsion stabilizer, provides freeze thaw and ionic stability.


Such polymers find application in latex paints, adhesives, paper coatings and textile applications.
Triton X-405 (70%) is an octylphenol ethoxylated.
Triton X-405 (70%) is a non-ionic surfactant.


Triton X-405 (70%) is one of a series of Rhodia ethoxylated alkylphenol nonionic surfactants with different HLBs.
Since differences in HLB affect emulsification and stabilization properties, Triton X-405 (70%) allows the user to select the surfactant that will provide effective particle size control, low levels of coagulum, latex stability and trouble-free commercial production.


Triton X-405 (70%) acts as an emulsion stabilizer, dispersing agent and emulsifier.
Triton X-405 (70%) provides freeze/thaw & ionic stability.
Triton X-405 (70%) is effective at high temperatures.
Triton X-405 (70%) offers good solubility in the presence of salts or electrolytes & caustic solutions.



USES and APPLICATIONS of TRITON X-405 (70%):
Applications of Triton X-405 (70%): multipurpose non-ionic surfactant very often used to optimize protein-protein interactions.
Triton X-405 (70%) can also be used as emulsifier, helping mix lipids in aqueous environments.
Unlike SDS, Triton X-405 (70%) is classified as a mild non-denaturing detergent. Triton X-405 (70%) finds numerous applications in cell lysis, reagent stabilization, inactivation of viruses, destabilization of cellular membranes and more.


Triton X-405 (70%) is used as an excellent emulsion stabilizer that provides freeze/thaw and ionic stability.
Triton X-405 (70%) is used in paints and coatings, floor polish and wax emulsions.
Triton X-405 (70%) is used emulsion polymerization, paints and coatings, floor polish, and wax emulsions.


Triton X-405 (70%) is used as an excellent emulsion stabilizer that provides freeze/thaw and ionic stability.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.


Recommended use of Triton X-405 (70%): Surfactant
Triton X-405 (70%) is used Agrochemicals, Paints and coatings dispersions, Iodophors, Emulsion polymerization, and Fiber lubricants.
Triton X-405 (70%) is used Emulsion polymerization, Paint, Floor polishing, Wax emulsion, and Agrochemicals.



BENEFITS OF TRITON X-405 (70%):
*Excellent steric and freeze/thaw stabilizer
*Effective pigment and carbon black dispersant
*Excellent for aromatic, chlorinated and other difficult-to-emulsify compounds
*Good solubility in the presence of salts or electrolytes
*Provides lubricity



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TRITON X-405 (70%):
Physical Form: Liquid
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: yellow
Odor: mild
Melting point/freezing point:
Freezing point: -9 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 101 °C at 1.013 hPa - The value is calculated
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: 665 mm2/s at 25 °C - The value is calculated
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 20 hPa at 20 °C - The value is calculated
Density: 1,096 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

CMC: 0.81 mM
concentration: 70% in H2O
density: 1.096 g/mL at 25 °C
description: non-ionic
HLB: 17.6
InChI key: HNLXNOZHXNSSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: 1S/C28H50O8/c1-27(2,3)24-28(4,5)25-6-8-26(9-7-25)36-23-22-35-21-20-34-19-18-33-17-16-32-15-14-31-13-12-30-11-10-29/h6-9,29H,10-24H2,1-5H3
mol wt: ~1967.0 g/mol
Quality Level: 200
SMILES string: CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)c1ccc(OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO)cc1
transition temp cloud point: >100 °C
Color: Yellow
Evaporation Rate: 0.70 - 0.79
Flash Point: Not applicable
Kinematic Viscosity: 665 mm2/s @ 25 °C (77 °F)

Odor: Mild
pH: 6 - 10.3 @ 20 - 25 °C (68 - 77 °F)
Relative Density: 1.076 - 1.10 @ 20 °C (68 °F) Reference Material: (water = 1)
Relative Vapor Density: 0.62 @ 20 - 25 °C (68 - 77 °F)
Solubility in Water: completely soluble
Vapor Pressure: 15 - 17 mmHg @ 20 °C (68 °F)
Form: Liquid
Appearance: liquid
Boiling Point: 101 °C (214 °F)
Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colourless
Appearance (Form): Liquid
pH 1% in Isopropanol: Water(10:6): 7.0 - 9.0
Density (g/ml) @ 25°C: 1.095 �- 1.097 g/ml



FIRST AID MEASURES of TRITON X-405 (70%):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TRITON X-405 (70%):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TRITON X-405 (70%):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TRITON X-405 (70%):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of TRITON X-405 (70%):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TRITON X-405 (70%):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-polyethylene glycol solution
Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (40) isooctylphenyl ether
Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether
Octylphenol Ethoxylate
4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-polyethylene glycol solution
Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether
Polyoxyethylene (40) isooctylphenyl ether

Calcium Phosphate Tribasic; Tricalcium diphosphate; Bone phosphate; Calcium orthophosphate; Calcium Phosphate; Calcium phosphate (3:2); Calcium tertiary phosphate; Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (2:3); Phosphoric acid, calcium(2+) salt (2:3); Tertiary calcium phosphate; Tribasic calcium phosphate; Tricalcium orthophosphate CAS NO: 7758-87-4

Aluminium triacetate, EC / List no.: 205-354-1; CAS no.: 139-12-8; Mol. formula: C4H7AlO5Nom INCI : ALUMINUM ACETATE; Acetic acid, aluminum salt; Acetic acid, aluminum salt (3:1); Aluminum acetate. Nom chimique : Acetic acid, aluminum salt (3:1); N° EINECS/ELINCS : 205-354-1.Le triacétate d'aluminium, officiellement appelé acétate d'aluminium, est un composé chimique de composition Al ₃. Dans des conditions standard, il apparaît sous la forme d'un solide blanc soluble dans l'eau qui se décompose en chauffant à environ 200 ° C. Ses fonctions (INCI): Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes. Astringent : Permet de resserrer les pores de la peau. Aluminium triacetate , formellement nommé l' acétate d'aluminium , est un composé chimique de composition Al (CH3 CO2 )3 . Sousconditions standardil apparaît comme un blanc,eausolublesolide quidécompose en chauffant à environ 200 ° C. Les triacétatehydrolysesà un mélange d'hydroxyde / acétate basiquesels, etmultiples espèces coexistent enéquilibre chimique,particulier danssolutions aqueuses de l'ion acétate; l'acétate d'aluminium de nom est couramment utilisé pour ce système mixte. Elle a des applications thérapeutiques pour ses propriétés anti-démangeaisons, astringent et antiseptique propriétés, et, comme un over-the-counter préparation comme la solution de Burow , il est utilisé pour traiter les infections de l' oreille . Les préparations de solution de Burow ont été dilués et modifiés avec des acides aminés pour les rendre plus agréables au goût pour l' utiliser comme gargarisme pour des conditions telles que les ulcères aphteux de la bouche. En médecine vétérinaire , la propriété d'aluminium triacétate astringence est utilisé pour traiter la maladie Mortellaro chez les animaux ongulés comme les bovins. Aluminium triacetate est utilisé comme mordant agent avec des colorants tels que l' alizarine , à la fois seuls et en combinaison. En collaboration avec le diacétate d'aluminium ou d' aluminium sulfacetate il est utilisé avec du coton , d' autres cellulose des fibres, et la soie . Il a également été associé à l' acétate ferreux pour produire des couleurs différentes. Aluminum triacetate Aluminium acetate 139-12-8 [RN] 80EHD8I43D Acetic acid, aluminum salt (3:1) Aluminium triacetate Aluminiumtriacetat [German] Aluminum acetate [USP] ALUMINUM ACETATE, BASIC BASIC ALUMINUM ACETATE Triacétate d'aluminium [French] 142-03-0 [RN] 205-518-2 [EINECS] 8006-13-1 [RN] 954145-33-6 [RN] ACETIC ACID, ALUMINUM SALT ALUMINIUM(3+) ION TRIACETATE ALUMINIUM(3+) TRIACETATE aluminium(iii)-acetate Aluminiumacetat ALUMINUM ACETATE SOLUTION Aluminum triacetic acid aluminum triethanoate ALUMINUM(III) ACETATE BIS(ACETYLOXY)ALUMANYL ACETATE Buro-Sol Concentrate Burow Burow solution diacetyloxyalumanyl acetate Domeboro [Wiki] EINECS 205-354-1 HYDROXYALUMINIUM DI(ACETATE) Otic Domeboro

SYNONYMS 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:3);1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt;2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trisodium salt;2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt;2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trisodium salt, anhydrous;Citnatin;Citrate de trisodium;CITRATE, TRISODIUM CAS NO:68-04-2

1,2,3-Propanetriyl triacetate; Enzactin; Fungacetin; Glycerin triacetate; Triacetylglycerol; Glycerol triacetate; Glyceryl triacetate; Glyped; Kesscoflex TRA; Triacetine; Vanay; Glycerol triacetate tributyrin; Triacetyl glycerine; Propane-1,2,3-triyl triacetate CAS NO: 102-76-1

1,2,3-Propanetriyl triacetate; Enzactin; Fungacetin; Glycerin triacetate; Triacetylglycerol; Glycerol triacetate; Glyceryl triacetate; Glyped; Kesscoflex TRA; Triacetine; Vanay; Glycerol triacetate tributyrin; Triacetyl glycerine; Propane-1,2,3-triyl triacetate CAS NO:102-76-1

N,N-Di-2-propenyl-2-propen-1-amine;bTri-2-propenylamine; Tris(2-propenyl)amine CAS NO: 102-70-5

Triazine Tris Aminohexanoic Acid; Hexanoic acid, 6,6',6''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino)tris-; 2,4,6-Tri-(6-aminocaproic acid)-1,3,5-triazine; 6,6',6''-((1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(azanediyl))trihexanoic acid; CAS NO: 80584-91-4

6,6',6''-((1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(azanediyl))trihexanoic acid; 2,4,6-Tri-(6-aminocaproic acid)-1,3,5-triazine;Hexanoic acid; 6,6',6''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino)tris-6-[[4,6-bis(5-carboxypentylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]hexanoic acid CAS NO: 80584-91-4

N° CAS : 555-32-8; Nom INCI : ALUMINUM BENZOATE. Nom chimique : Aluminium tribenzoate; Aluminium tribenzoate. Aluminum benzoate; Benzoic acid, aluminum salt; Benzoic acid, aluminum salt (3:1); : aluminium(3+) tribenzoate; aluminum tribenzoate; ( aluminum;tribenzoate). N° EINECS/ELINCS : 209-091-3. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques. 209-091-3 [EINECS]. 555-32-8 [RN] Aluminium tribenzoate Aluminiumtribenzoat [German] Aluminum benzoate Aluminum tribenzoate Benzoic acid, aluminum salt (3:1) Tribenzoate d'aluminium [French] Aluminium benzoate ALUMINIUM(3+) ION TRIBENZOATE BENZOIC ACID, ALUMINUM SALT BIS(BENZOYLOXY)ALUMANYL BENZOATE EINECS 209-091-3 MFCD00050764

Synonyms: 2,3-di(docosanoyloxy)propyl docosanoate;Behenin(C22:0);1,2,3-TRIDOCOSANOYL GLYCEROL;TRIDOCOSANOIN;TRIBEHENIN;TRIBEHENIN 1,2,3-TRIDOCOSANOYLGLYCEROL;1,2,3-propanetriyltri(docosanoate);2,3-Bis(docosanoyloxy)propyl docosanoate CAS: 18641-57-1

Tri(butyl cellosolve) phosphate; Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate; TBEP; 2-Butoxyethanol phosphate; Phosphoric acid tris(2-butoxyethyl)ester; Tributyl cellosolve phosphate; Tri(2-butoxyethanol) phosphate CAS NO: 78-51-3

1,2,3-Propanetriyl triacetate; Enzactin; Fungacetin; Glycerin triacetate; Triacetylglycerol; Glycerol triacetate; Glyceryl triacetate; Glyped; Kesscoflex TRA; Triacetine; Vanay; Glycerol triacetate tributyrin; Triacetyl glycerine; Propane-1,2,3-triyl triacetate CAS NO: 102-76-1

sodium,heptadecyl sulfate; Hexadecylsulfuric Acid; Sodium Salt SODIUM CETYL STEARYL SULFATE cas no: 59186-41-3

Tris[N-butylamine]; TNBA; N,N-Dibutyl-1-butanamine; Tri-n-butylamine; Tributilamina; Tris-n-butylamine; cas no: 102-82-9

Tricalcium Citrate; Citric acid calcium salt; Tricalcium citrate; 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, calcium salt (2:3); Tricalcium dicitrate; Citrical; cas no: 813-94-5

Ethylene trichloride, 1,1,2-Trichloroethene; 1,1-Dichloro-2-Chloroethylene; 1-Chloro-2,2-Dichloroethylene; Acetylene Trichloride; TCE; Trethylene; Triclene; Tri; Trimar; Trilene; HCC-1120; Trichloroethene; TCE CAS NO:79-01-6

Synonyms Caprylic acid triglyceride Caprylic triglyceride Glycerol tricaprylate Glycerol trioctanoate Tricaprilin Tricaprylyl glycerin Tricaprylyl glycerol CAS Number 538-23-8

SYNONYMS symclosene; Trichloroiminocyanuric acid; 1,3,5-Trichloro-S-triazine-2,4,6-trione; 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione; 1,3,5-Trichloroisocyanuric acid; 1,3,5-Trichloro-s-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione; Isocyanuric chloride; CAS NO. 87-90-1

Trichloroiminocyanuric acid; 1,3,5-Trichloro-S-triazine-2,4,6-trione; 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione; 1,3,5-Trichloroisocyanuric acid; 1,3,5-Trichloro-s-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione; Isocyanuric chloride; Trichlor; Isocyanuric chloride; Chloreal; Symclosene Trichloro-s-triazinetrione; TCICA; TCCA CAS NO:87-90-1

Calcium Phosphate Tribasic; Tricalcium diphosphate; Bone phosphate; Calcium orthophosphate; Calcium Phosphate; Calcium phosphate (3:2); Calcium tertiary phosphate; Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (2:3); Phosphoric acid, calcium(2+) salt (2:3); Tertiary calcium phosphate; Tribasic calcium phosphate; Tricalcium orthophosphate CAS NO: 7758-87-4

TCP; Tritolyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tritolyl ester; Cresyl phosphate; Tris(methylphenyl)ester of phosphoric acid; Phosphoric acid tris(methylphenyl) ester; Tricresyl phosphates; Tritolyl phosphate; Tricresyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid tolyl ester; Thiorthocresyl phosphate; Tris(tolyloxy)phosphine oxide; Plasticizer TCP; Tritolylfosfat; Tricresilfosfati; Phosphate de tricresyle; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 083401; Kronitex; Lindol CAS NO: 1330-78-5 (Mixture) 78-30-8 (Tri-o-cresyl phosphate) 563-04-2 (Tri-m-cresyl phosphate) 78-32-0 (Tri-p-cresyl phosphate)

Tridecyl Trimellitate; Unimate TDM; tri(tridecyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate; 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, tritridecyl ester cas : 70225-05-7

SYNONYMS 2,2,2-Trihydroxytriethylamine; TEA;2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Triethanolamin; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine; Trolamine; Daltogen; Nitrilotriethanol; Sterolamide; Tri(hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethanolamin; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotris(ethanol); Nitrilo-2,2',2"-triethanol; 2,2,2-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2"-Nitrilotriethanol; CAS NO:102-71-6

PH ayarlayıcısı

TRIETHYLAMINE HCL; TRIETHYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; TRIETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE; amine,triethyl,hydrochloride; Ethanamine,N,N-diethyl-,hydrochloride; N,N-Diethylethanaminehydrochloride; n,n-diethyl-ethanaminhydrochloride; triethylaminemonohydrochloride; TriethylaminHydrochlorid; Triethylamine bydrochloride; Tolzaoline bydrochloride; TriethylamineHydrochloride,>99%; Triethylaminehydrochloride,98%; Triethylammoniumchlorid; Et3·HCl CAS NO:554-68-7

2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethylolamine; 2,2′,2″-Trihydroxytriethylamine; Trolamine; TEA; TELA; TEOA CAS:102-71-6

Triglycol; TEG; 2,2'-ethylenediqxybis(ethanol); 3,6-Dioxa-1,8-octanediol; Glycol Bis(Hydroxyethyl) Ether; Di-beta-Hydroxyethoxyethane; 1,2-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane; 3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diol; 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)) bisethanol; ethylene glycol dihydroxydiethyl ether; Trigol; Ethylene glycol-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) ether; 1,2-Bis(2-hydroxy)ethane; Ethylene glycal-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl ether); Trigen CAS NO: 112-27-6

2,2,2-Trihydroxytriethylamine; TEA; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Triethanolamin; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine; Trolamine; Daltogen; Nitrilotriethanol; Sterolamide; Tri(hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethanolamin; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotris(ethanol); Nitrilo-2,2',2"-triethanol; 2,2,2-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2"-Nitrilotriethanol; Nitrilo-2,2',2''-triethanol; 2,2',2''-trihydroxy Triethylamine; Triethylolamine; Trihydroxytriethylamine; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine; cas no: 102-71-6

SYNONYMS 2,2,2-Trihydroxytriethylamine; TEA;2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Triethanolamin; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine; Trolamine; Daltogen; Nitrilotriethanol; Sterolamide; Tri(hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethanolamin; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotris(ethanol); Nitrilo-2,2',2"-triethanol; 2,2,2-Nitrilotriethanol;Cas No:102-71-6

SYNONYMS TEA-Lauryl Sulfate; Dodecyl sulfate, triethanolamine salt; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium decyl sulfate; Lauryl sulfate ester, triethanolamine salt; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammoniumdodecylsulfat (German); Dodecilsulfato de tris(2-hidroxietil) amonio CAS Number 139-96-8

Triethanolamine; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethylolamine; 2,2′,2″-Trihydroxytriethylamine; Trolamine; TEA; TELA; TEOA cas no: 102-71-6

2,2,2-Trihydroxytriethylamine; TEA; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Triethanolamin; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine; Trolamine; Daltogen; Nitrilotriethanol; Sterolamide; Tri(hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethanolamin; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotris(ethanol); Nitrilo-2,2',2"-triethanol; 2,2,2-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2"-Nitrilotriethanol; Nitrilo-2,2',2''-triethanol; 2,2',2''-trihydroxy Triethylamine; Triethylolamine; Trihydroxytriethylamine; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine CAS NO: 102-71-6

Triethyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid triethyl ester; TEP, Ethyl phosphate, Triethylfosfat, Tris(ethyl) phosphate; Triethylphosphat; Fosfato de trietilo; Phosphate de triéthyle; Ethyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid triethyl ester; Tris(ethyl) phosphate; Trimethyl orthophosphate CAS NO: 78-40-0

(C2H5)3B; Borethyl; Triethylbo; Boron ethyl; TRIETHYLBORON; TRIETHYLBORANE; BORON TRIETHYL; triethyl-boran; Triethylborine; borane,triethyl-; triethylborane, 1m soln. in thf; TRIETHYLBORANE: 1M SOLUTION IN THF; Triethylborane (ca. 1mol/L in Tetrahydrofuran);Triethylborane, 1.0 M solution in THF, J&KSeal; triethylboron (TEB); Triethylbo; Triethylborane1M solution in tetrahydrofuranAcroSeal§3; Triethylborane ,0% [10% solution in THF] CAS NO:97-94-9

SYNONYMS 2,2'-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; TEDA;1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; 1,4-diazabicyclooctane; 1,4-Diazabicyclooctan (German); 1,4-Diazabiciclooctano (Spanish); 1,4-diazabicyclooctane (French); CAS NO: 280-57-9

Triethylene glycol, TEG, or triglycol is a colorless odorless viscous liquid with molecular formula HOCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH.
Triethylene glycol is clear, has a mild odor and is not extremely viscous.
Triethylene glycol has good solvency for a wide range of organic compounds, including hydrocarbons, oils, resins, and dyes.

CAS Number: 112-27-6
Molecular Formula: C6H14O4
Molecular Weight: 150.17
EINECS Number: 203-953-2

Triethylene glycol is an additive for hydraulic fluids and brake fluids and is used as a base for "smoke machine" fluid in the entertainment industry.
Triethylene glycol are also used as liquid desiccants for natural gas and in air conditioning systems.
When aerosolized Triethylene glycol acts as a disinfectant.

Triethylene glycol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as polyethylene glycols.
These are oligomers or polymers of ethylene oxide, with the general formula (C2H4O)n (with n>=3).
Triethylene glycol, clear, colorless, syrupy (viscous) liquid at room temperature.

Triethylene glycol, often colored fluorescent yellow-green when used in automotive antifreeze.
Ethylene glycol is a useful industrial compound found in many consumer products.
Triethylene glycol include antifreeze, hydraulic brake fluids, some stamp pad inks, ballpoint pens, solvents, paints, plastics, films, and cosmetics.

Triethylene glycol can also be a pharmaceutical vehicle.
Ethylene glycol has a sweet taste and is often ingested by accident or on purpose.
Ethylene glycol breaks down into toxic compounds in the body.

Ethylene glycol and its toxic byproducts first affect the central nervous system (CNS), then the heart, and finally the kidneys.
Ethylene glycol is odorless.
Triethylene glycol is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H14O4 that is categorized as an alcohol.

Triethylene glycol, at room temperature it is a liquid.
Triethylene glycol is soluble in water.
Triethylene glycol (TEG) is a colorless, odorless liquid with the chemical formula C6H14O4.

Triethylene glycol belongs to a group of chemicals known as glycols and is composed of three ethylene glycol units connected by oxygen atoms.
Triethylene glycol is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air.
Triethylene glycol is primarily used as a solvent, particularly in industrial applications.

This makes it useful in various processes such as oil and gas production, natural gas dehydration, and as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and synthetic fibers.
One of the most notable applications of triethylene glycol is its use as a desiccant or a drying agent.

Due to its hygroscopic nature, it can effectively remove water from gas streams and maintain low levels of moisture.
Triethylene glycol is particularly important in natural gas processing, where Triethylene glycol is commonly employed to remove water vapor and other impurities from natural gas.

Triethylene glycol finds use in the production of polyesters, plasticizers, and as a component in some antifreeze formulations.
Triethylene glycol can also be found in certain personal care products, such as deodorants and cosmetics, as a moisturizing agent.
It's worth noting that triethylene glycol should not be confused with ethylene glycol, a different compound that is toxic and primarily used as an automotive antifreeze.

Triethylene glycols are part of the glycol family, they have different chemical structures and properties.
Triethylene glycol can cause material corrosion because of its acidic nature.
Care should be taken to mitigate corrosion concerns when using triethylene glycol through appropriate material selection, use of coatings and use of corrosion inhibitors.

High temperature environments can see high rates of corrosion with triethylene glycol.
Triethylene glycol is most commonly used for natural gas dehydration to strip the water out of the gas.
Triethylene glycol is wildly used in applications which require higher boiling point, higher molecular weight with low volatility such as plasticizer, unsaturated polyester resin, emulsifiers, lubricants, heat transfer fluids and solvent for equipment cleaning, printing ink.

Triethylene Glycol (TEG) is a liquid chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H14O4 or HOCH2CH2CH2O2CH2OH.
Triethylene glycol is recognized for its hygroscopic quality and ability to dehumidify fluids.
Triethylene glycol is miscible with water and soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, and aldehydes.

Triethylene glycol is slightly soluble in diethyl ether, and insoluble in oil, fat, and most hydrocarbons.
Triethylene glycol is commercially produced as a co-product of the oxidation of ethylene at a high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono, di, tri, and tetraethylene glycols.

The oil and gas industries use Triethylene glycol to dehydrate natural gas as well as other gases including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases.
Industrial uses include adsorbents and absorbents, functional fluids in both closed and open systems, Intermediates, petroleum production processing aids, and solvents.

Triethylene glycol is used in the manufacture of a host of consumer products that include anti-freeze, automotive care products, building and construction materials, cleaning and furnishing care products, fabric, textile, and leather products, fuels and related products, lubricants and greases, paints and coatings, personal care products, and plastic and rubber products.

Triethylene glycol is a polymer consisting of ethylene glycol monomers and two terminal hydroxyl groups.
The Triethylene glycol chain increases the water solubility of a compound in aqueous media.
Increasing the number of ethylene glycol units within the entire chain improves the solubility properties of the PEG linker.

Triethylene Glycol (TEG) is the third members of a homologous series of dihydroxyalcohols.
Triethylene glycol is produced in the Master Process by the direct hydration of ethylene oxide.
Triethylene glycol is co-produced with MEG and DEG. TEG is a colourless liquid.

The main uses for triethylene glycol are based upon its hygroscopic quality.
Triethylene glycol is used as a dehydrating agent for natural gas pipelines where it removes the water from the gas before being condensed and reused in the system.
Triethylene glycol is also a dehumidifying agent in air-conditioning units.

Triethylene glycol is also used to make chemical intermediates such as plasticisers and polyester resins.
Triethylene glycol is an additive in hydraulic fluids and brake fluids, and Triethylene glycol is also used as a solvent in many applications, including as a selective solvent for aromatics, and a solvent in textile dyeing.

Triethylene glycol (also known as TEG, triglycol and trigen) is a colourless, viscous, non-volatile liquid with the formula C6H14O4.
Triethylene glycol is well known for its hygroscopic quality and its ability to dehumidify fluids.
Triethylene glycol is prepared commercially as a co-product of the oxidation of ethylene at high temperature, in the presence of a silver oxide catalyst.

The ethylene oxide is then hydrated to yield mono, di, tri, and tetra ethylene glycols.
Triethylene glycol also has mild disinfectant qualities and, when volatised, is used as an air disinfectant for virus and bacteria control.
Triethylene glycol is a clear, colorless, viscous, stable liquid with a slightly sweetish odor.

Soluble in water; immiscible with benzene, toluene, and gasoline.
Because Triethylene glycol has two ether and two hydroxyl groups its chemical properties are closety related to ethers and primary alcohols.
Triethylene glycol is a good solvent for gums, resins, nitrocellulose, steam-set printing inks and wood stains.

With a low vapor pressure and a high boiling point, its uses and properties are similar to those of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol.
Because Triethylene glycol is an efficient hygroscopic agent it serves as a liquid desiccant for removing water from natural gas.
Triethylene glycol is also used in air conditioning systems designed to dehumidify air.

Triethylene glycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols.
Triethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless and stable liquid with high viscosity and a high boiling point.

Apart from its use as a raw material in the manufacture and synthesis of other products, Triethylene glycol is known for its hygroscopic quality and its ability to dehumidify fluids.
This liquid is miscible with water, and at standard atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa) has a boiling point of 286.5 °C and a freezing point of −7 °C. It is also soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, aldehydes; slightly soluble in diethyl ether; and insoluble in oil, fat and most hydrocarbons.

Melting point: −7 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 125-127 °C0.1 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 1.124 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 5.2 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.455(lit.)
Flash point: 165 °C
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Viscous Liquid
pka: 14.06±0.10(Predicted)
color: Clear very slightly yellow
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Odor: Very mild, sweet.
explosive limit: 0.9-9.2%(V)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.06
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03
Merck: 14,9670
BRN: 969357
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -1.75 at 25℃

Triethylene glycol is prepared commercially as a co-product of the oxidation of ethylene at high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono(one)-, di(two)-, tri(three)- and tetraethylene glycols.
Triethylene glycol is well established as a relatively mild disinfectant toward a variety of bacteria, influenza A viruses and spores of Penicillium notatum fungi.

Triethylene glycols exceptionally low toxicity, broad materials compatibility, and low odor combined with its antimicrobial properties indicates that it approaches the ideal for air disinfection purposes in occupied spaces.[4] Much of the scientific work with triethylene glycol was done in the 1940s and 1950s, however that work has ably demonstrated the antimicrobial activity against airborne, solution suspension, and surface bound microbes.

Triethylene glycol can be stored and transported in stainless steel, aluminium or lined tank cars, tank trucks, or 225 kg drums.
Triethylene glycol (TEG) is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slight odor.
Triethylene glycol is non-flammable, mildly toxic, and considered non-hazardous.

Triethylene glycol is a member of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols.
Triethylene glycol is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers as well as in the manufacture of air sanitizer and other consumer products.

Triethylene glycol is commonly used as an ingredient in antifreeze formulations.
Triethylene glycol helps lower the freezing point of water, preventing the coolant in automotive engines and HVAC systems from solidifying in cold temperatures.
Triethylene glycol is a humectant, which means it has the ability to attract and retain moisture.

Triethylene glycol is used in a variety of personal care products like moisturizers, lotions, and soaps to prevent them from drying out and to provide hydration to the skin.
Triethylene glycol is employed in air conditioning systems as a desiccant to remove moisture from the air.
By reducing the humidity, it helps enhance the efficiency and performance of the cooling process.

Triethylene glycol serves as a precursor or intermediate in the production of other chemicals.
Triethylene glycol can be used to synthesize polyester resins, polyurethanes, plasticizers, and synthetic lubricants.

Triethylene glycol is utilized in the natural gas industry for gas conditioning processes.
Triethylene glycol helps remove contaminants such as sulfur compounds and other impurities, making the gas suitable for transportation and commercial use.
Due to its excellent solvent properties, Triethylene glycol is employed in the formulation of dyes, inks, and pigments.

Triethylene glycol helps dissolve and disperse colorants effectively, facilitating their application in various industries.
Triethylene glycol is used in some pharmaceutical formulations as a stabilizer, solvent, or excipient.
Triethylene glycol can improve the solubility and stability of certain drugs and aid in the delivery of active ingredients.

Triethylene glycol finds applications in laboratories as a solvent for chemical reactions, extraction processes, and chromatography.
Triethylene glycols ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it useful in various analytical and research procedures.
The hydroxyl groups on triethylene glycol undergo the usual alcohol chemistry giving a wide variety of possible derivatives.

Triethylene glycols can be converted to aldehydes, alkyl halides, amines, azides, carboxylic acids, ethers, mercaptans, nitrate esters, nitriles, nitrite esters, organic esters, peroxides, phosphate esters and sulfate esters.
Triethylene glycolis a ether-alcohol derivative.
The ether being relatively unreactive.

Triethylene glycol, flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents.
Triethylene glycol react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water.
Oxidizing agents convert alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.

Triethylene glycol, alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior.
Triethylene glycol may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Eastman Triethylene glycol Plasticizer is compatible with PVC and with PVB resins.
Triethylene glycol offers low color, low viscosity and low volatility during processing.
The low viscosity makes Eastman TEG-EH particularly suitable for use in plastisols to improve the processing characteristics.

In PVC, Triethylene glycol is generally blended with plasticizers such as DOP or DOTP for optimum performance.
Triethylene glycol offers low viscosity for ease of compounding and low color for excellent clarity in automotive and residential and commercial window applications.
Triethylene glycol is commonly used in natural gas sweetening processes to remove acidic gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

Triethylene glycol acts as a selective solvent, absorbing these impurities from the gas stream and allowing for the production of cleaner natural gas.
Triethylene glycol is used as a deicing agent for aircraft and runways.
Triethylene glycols low freezing point and ability to mix with water make it effective in preventing the formation of ice and snow on surfaces, ensuring safer conditions for aviation and transportation.

Triethylene glycol can act as a preservative due to its ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
Triethylene glycol is used in some cosmetic and personal care products, such as creams and lotions, to extend their shelf life and prevent bacterial or fungal contamination.
Triethylene glycol is sometimes added to gasoline as an octane booster or fuel system cleaner.

Triethylene glycol can improve the combustion efficiency of gasoline, resulting in enhanced engine performance and reduced emissions.
Triethylene glycol is utilized as a heat transfer fluid in various industrial processes.
Triethylene glycols high boiling point, low volatility, and thermal stability make it suitable for applications where controlled and efficient heat transfer is required, such as in heating systems, solar thermal collectors, and chemical reactors.

Triethylene glycol is used in the textile industry for processes like dyeing, printing, and finishing.
Triethylene glycol acts as a solvent for dyes and helps facilitate their penetration into fibers, resulting in vibrant and long-lasting colors.

Triethylene glycol is employed in the electronics industry to control moisture levels during the manufacturing and storage of sensitive electronic components.
Triethylene glycol helps prevent moisture-related damage, such as corrosion or malfunction, in electronic devices.

Uses
Triethylene glycol is used by the oil and gas industry to "dehydrate" natural gas.
It may also be used to dehydrate other gases, including CO2, H2S, and other oxygenated gases.
Triethylene glycol is necessary to dry natural gas to a certain point, as humidity in natural gas can cause pipelines to freeze, and create other problems for end users of the natural gas.

Triethylene glycol is placed into contact with natural gas, and strips the water out of the gas.
Triethylene glycol is heated to a high temperature and put through a condensing system, which removes the water as waste and reclaims the Triethylene glycol for continuous reuse within the system.
The waste TEG produced by this process has been found to contain enough benzene to be classified as hazardous waste (benzene concentration greater than 0.5 mg/L).

Triethylene glycol is a solvent prepared from ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol.
Triethylene glycol can be used: To prepare fatty acid gelators, which are used to gelate various edible and vegetable oils.
The triethylene glycol can then be continually reused, although the by-product of benzene needs to be disposed of carefully.

This process is useful as Triethylene glycol prevents the gas from freezing making the gas easier to transport and manage for end consumers.
The manufacturing processes of certain types of polymers frequently use triethylene glycol as a plasticizer, which means it reduces brittleness and increases ductility when added to certain types of resins.

One of the most popular materials triethylene glycol is used for as a plasticizer is vinyl polymers.
Materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinyl butyral are commonly made using triethylene glycol.
This makes triethylene glycol a key ingredient in items such as automotive parts and coatings.

Triethylene glycol is widely used for the dehydration of natural gas.
Triethylene glycol helps remove water vapor from the gas stream, preventing the formation of hydrates that can cause blockages in pipelines and equipment.
Triethylene glycol is used as a plasticizer for vinyl polymers.

Triethylene glycol is also used in air sanitizer products, such as "Oust" or "Clean and Pure".
Triethylene glycol is an ingredient in antifreeze formulations.
Triethylene glycol lowers the freezing point of water, preventing the coolant in automotive engines and HVAC systems from freezing in cold temperatures.

Triethylene glycol is utilized in cosmetics and personal care products such as moisturizers, lotions, and soaps.
Triethylene glycol helps retain moisture and keeps the skin hydrated.
Triethylene glycol acts as a desiccant in air conditioning systems, reducing the humidity in the air to enhance cooling efficiency and prevent condensation.

Triethylene glycol is used as a solvent for dyes, inks, and pigments in industries such as printing and textile manufacturing.
It helps dissolve and disperse colorants effectively.

Triethylene glycol is employed in gas conditioning processes to remove impurities such as sulfur compounds from natural gas, making it suitable for transportation and commercial use.
Triethylene glycol serves as a precursor or intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including polyester resins, polyurethanes, plasticizers, and synthetic lubricants.

Triethylene glycol is used as a deicing agent for aircraft and runways.
Triethylene glycols low freezing point and ability to mix with water make it effective in preventing ice formation.

Triethylene glycol acts as a preservative in certain products, extending their shelf life and preventing microbial growth.
Triethylene glycol is used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and other formulations.
Triethylene glycol serves as a heat transfer fluid in industrial processes that require controlled and efficient heat transfer, such as in heating systems and chemical reactors.

Triethylene glycol, as a solvent to prepare superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for in situ protein purification.
As an absorbent agent in the subsea natural gas dehydration process.
Triethylene glycol is used as a plasticizer, as an additive for hydraulic fluids and brake fluids, and as a disinfectant.

Triethylene glycol is an active component of certain pigments, printing dyes, inks and paste.
Triethylene glycol finds application as a liquid desiccant and used in the dehydration of natural gas, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and air conditioning systems.
Triethylene glycol plays as an important role in anti-freeze and de-icing products, cleaning and furnishing care products, lubricant and greases.

Triethylene glycol is widely used as an excellent dehydrating agent for natural gas, oilfield associated gas and carbon dioxide; Used as solvent for nitrocellulose, rubber, resin, grease, paint, pesticide, etc; Used as air bactericide; Used as triethylene glycol ester plasticizer for PVC, polyvinyl acetate resin, glass fiber and asbestos pressing board; Used as anti drying agent of tobacco, fiber lubricant and desiccant of natural gas; It is also used in organic synthesis, such as the production of brake oil with high boiling point and good low temperature performance.

Triethylene glycol can be used in gas chromatography as extractant.
Triethylene glycol is employed in the sweetening or purification of natural gas.
Triethylene glycol helps remove acidic gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which can be corrosive or undesirable in gas pipelines and end-use applications.

Triethylene glycol is sometimes used as an additive in gasoline and diesel fuel formulations.
It can improve the combustion characteristics, enhance fuel stability, and reduce emissions.
Triethylene glycol is utilized in the electronics industry to control moisture levels during the manufacturing and storage of electronic components.

Triethylene glycol helps prevent moisture-related damage and ensures the integrity and reliability of electronic devices.
Triethylene glycolis used as an additive in the production of tobacco products such as cigarettes and cigars.
It helps maintain moisture levels and preserve the freshness of the tobacco.

Triethylene glycolfinds use in laboratories for various purposes.
Triethylene glycol can be used as a solvent for chemical reactions, extractions, and chromatography.
Triethylene glycols properties make it suitable for sample preparation and analysis in research and analytical laboratories.

Triethylene glycol is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Triethylene glycol can serve as a solvent or plasticizer, helping to improve the workability, flexibility, and durability of these products.

Triethylene glycol is used in the production of construction materials such as cement and grouts.
Triethylene glycol can help enhance the workability, flow, and setting properties of these materials.
Triethylene glycolis sometimes incorporated into metalworking fluids, which are used in machining and cutting operations.

Triethylene glycol helps cool and lubricate the metal surfaces, reducing friction and improving tool life.
Triethylene glycolmay be used in pharmaceutical formulations as a solvent or co-solvent.
It can aid in solubilizing certain drugs and assist in drug delivery systems.

Food and beverage industry: Triethylene glycol may find limited use in the food and beverage industry as a solvent or flavor carrier, although its usage is less common compared to other glycols like propylene glycol.
Triethylene Glycol is widely used as a solvent.

Triethylene glycol has a high flash point, emits no toxic vapors, and is not absorbed through the skin.
Triethylene glycol is used in the following products: inks and toners, coating products, heat transfer fluids, lubricants and greases and hydraulic fluids.

Other release to the environment of Triethylene glycol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

Triethylene glycol can be found in products with material based on: paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys) and wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).

Triethylene glycol monomethyl ether can be used as a reagent and solvent for applications such as: modification of anthraquinone material for redox flow batteriespreparation of polymeric electrolyte for electrochemical devices,formation of the binary system of polyethylene glycol for absorption of silica.
Triethylene glycol can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators.

Reactivity Profile
Triethylene glycol is a ether-alcohol derivative.
The ether being relatively unreactive.
Triethylene glycol, flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents.

Triethylene glycol react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water.
Oxidizing agents convert alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior.

Health Hazard
Under normal conditions of use, Triethylene Glycol (TEG) is not expected to cause irritation to the skin, eyes or respiratory tract.
However, in applications where vapours or mists are created, inhalation may cause irritation to the respiratory system.
Triethylene glycol is not flammable, unless preheated.

Skin and eye irritation:
Triethylene glycol can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.
Prolonged or repeated exposure to TEG may lead to redness, itching, and dermatitis.
Eye contact with TEG can result in irritation, redness, and potential damage to the eyes.

Inhalation hazards
Triethylene glycol can be harmful if inhaled in high concentrations or for extended periods.
Inhalation of Triethylene glycol vapor or mist may cause respiratory irritation, coughing, difficulty breathing, and throat irritation.
Triethylene glycol is important to ensure adequate ventilation and use respiratory protection when working with TEG in environments with high vapor concentrations.

Ingestion hazards
Swallowing Triethylene glycol can cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Ingestion of large amounts or high concentrations of TEG may result in more severe health effects.

Environmental hazards
Triethylene glycol can be toxic to aquatic organisms. Spills or releases of Triethylene glycol into waterways or the environment should be avoided, as it can have harmful effects on aquatic life.

Synonyms
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL
112-27-6
Triglycol
2,2'-(Ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))diethanol
Trigen
Triethylenglykol
2-[2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol
Triethyleneglycol
2,2'-Ethylenedioxydiethanol
1,2-Bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane
2,2'-(Ethylenedioxy)diethanol
2,2'-Ethylenedioxybis(ethanol)
3,6-Dioxaoctane-1,8-diol
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol
Di-beta-hydroxyethoxyethane
Glycol bis(hydroxyethyl) ether
Trigol
Caswell No. 888
Ethanol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-
Triethylene glcol
Ethylene glycol dihydroxydiethyl ether
2,2'-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy)]diethanol
Bis(2-hydroxyethoxyethane)
TEG
Ethanol, 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)di-
2,2'-(1,2-Ethanediylbis(oxy))bisethanol
NSC 60758
HSDB 898
Triethylenglykol [Czech]
Ethylene glycol-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl ether)
EINECS 203-953-2
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 083501
BRN 0969357
CCRIS 8926
2-[2-(2-HYDROXY-ETHOXY)-ETHOXY]-ETHANOL
119438-10-7
DTXSID4021393
UNII-3P5SU53360
CHEBI:44926
AI3-01453
NSC-60758
MACROGOL 150
3P5SU53360
PEG-3
3,6-Dioxa-1,8-octanediol
Di-.beta.-hydroxyethoxyethane
DTXCID601393
Ethanol, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy))bis-
EC 203-953-2
4-01-00-02400 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
NCGC00163798-03
2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethan-1-ol
103734-98-1
122784-99-0
137800-98-7
145112-98-7
2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(ethan-1-ol)
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL (USP-RS)
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL [USP-RS]
MFCD00081839
2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethanol
CAS-112-27-6
2-(2-(2-HYDROXY-ETHOXY)-ETHOXY)-ETHANOL
OH-PEG3-OH
Trigenos
triethylenglycol
Trithylne glycol
triethylene-glycol
Triethyleneglycol,
Tri-ethylene glycol
3,8-diol
TEG (CHRIS Code)
TEG (GLYCOL)
Triethylene glycol, puriss.
SCHEMBL14929
WLN: Q2O2O2Q
AMY375
di(2-ethylbutyrate), diacetate
Ethanol,2'-(ethylenedioxy)di-
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL [MI]
CHEMBL1235259
Triethylene Glycol Reagent Grade
1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-dioxaoctane
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL [HSDB]
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL [INCI]
2, 2'- (ethylenedioxy)diethanol
2,2' - (ethylenedioxy)diethanol
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMALEATE
NSC60758
STR02345
TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL [WHO-DD]
Tox21_112073
Tox21_202440
Tox21_300306
LS-550
MFCD00002880
MFCD01779596
MFCD01779599
MFCD01779601
MFCD01779603
MFCD01779605
MFCD01779609
MFCD01779611
MFCD01779612
MFCD01779614
MFCD01779615
MFCD01779616
STL282716
AKOS000120013
Triethylene Glycol (Industrial Grade)
CS-W018156
DB02327
HY-W017440
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 083501
NCGC00163798-01
NCGC00163798-02
NCGC00163798-04
NCGC00163798-05
NCGC00163798-06
NCGC00254097-01
NCGC00259989-01
1,2-DI(BETA-HYDROXYETHOXY)ETHANE
2-[2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol #
BP-21036
OCTANE-1,8-DIOL, 3,6-DIOXA-
Triethylene glycol, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
Ethanol,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-
FT-0652416
FT-0659862
T0428
EN300-19916
2,2'-(1,2-Ethanediyl bis (oxy))-bisethanol
F71165
2,2'-(Ethylendioxy)diethanol (Triethylenglykol)
Etanol, 2,2'-[1,2-Etanodiilbis (oxi)] bis-
ETHYLENE GLYCOL-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER
Triethylene glycol, SAJ first grade, >=96.0%
ETHYLENE GLYCOL-BIS-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER
Q420630
SR-01000944720
Triethylene glycol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
J-506706
SR-01000944720-1
ETHANOL, 2,2'-(1,2-ETHANEDIYLBIS (OXY))BIS-
F0001-0256
Triethylene glycol, BioUltra, anhydrous, >=99.0% (GC)
Z104476078
Triethylene glycol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard