PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is a polypropylene glycol ether of methyl glucose.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is derived from glucose and plant-based oils, it is a clear, and colorless liquid that is largely soluble in water.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is known for its ability to improve the texture of skincare and haircare products, making them smoother and more spreadable.


CAS Number: 61849-72-7
Chem/IUPAC Name: Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-, ether with methyl .beta.-d-glucopyranoside (4:1)
Molecular Formula: C31H70O18
MDL Number: MFCD08064623


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also helps to moisturize the surface that it is applied on and lock in hydration, leaving the surface feeling soft and supple.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a humectant and emollient added to many personal care products.
The chemical formula for PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is C31H70O18.


PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is made by combining plant-based oils and glucose.
The process involves the reaction of the oils with glucose to form a complex mixture of esters.
This mixture is then further processed to produce the final ingredient.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a blend of polypropylene glycol and methyl glucose derivatives that helps soften and smooth skin and hair.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is considered an excellent hydrating ingredient due to its humectant (water-binding) properties.
According to suppliers of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether, it comes as a pale yellow, medium-viscosity liquid in its raw material form and is obtained from corn.
In 2016, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel concluded PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a safe cosmetic ingredient. 


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a synthetic polymer made up of methyl glucose ether and polypropylene glycol.
The number represents the number of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether units in the polymer chain.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is light in color and soluble in oils and other organic solvents.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a corn-based methyl glucoside derivative that delivers moisture to the skin without leaving a tacky residue.


In alcohol based systems PPG-20 methyl glucose ether reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.
Equally important in fragrance containing formulations, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes".
The light color and low odor of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether will not interfere with the mood the fragrance is trying to communicate.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a light yellow liquid with mild characteristic odor.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a blend of polypropylene glycol and methyl glucose derivatives that helps soften and smooth skin and hair.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is considered an excellent hydrating ingredient due to its humectant (water-binding) properties.
According to suppliers of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether , it comes as a pale yellow, medium-viscosity liquid in its raw material form and is obtained from corn.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is an emollient.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally-derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.


In alcohol-based systems PPG-20 methyl glucose ether reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters and oils.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has a lubricious, emollient feel.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether reduces the stinging of alcohol.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is glossing aid.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be safely handled without any irritation caused to the skin, and should be stored in a closed system and be kept in a dark place without any light exposure.
"PPG" refers to a PPG-(polypropylene glycol-) derivative.


The number behind "PPG-" (in the event of mixed PEG/PPG derivatives, the second number) states the average number of molecular units -CH2-CH2-CH2-O-.
"Methyl" mostly refers to methanol (methyl alcohol) as alcoholic component or generally the methyl group as the smallest hydrocarbon residue with one carbon atom.


Dimethyl-, trimethyl- etc refer to two, three or more methyl groups.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is an ingredient on the basis of glucose (dextrose).
"Ether" refers to a connection product (condensation product) of two alcohols.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is mixing soluble with polar solvents, as water and ethyl alcohol and also with nonpolar solvents, for example, isopropyl palmitate.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a polypropylene glycol ether of methyl glucose.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
In any product, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.


In alcohol based systems PPG-20 methyl glucose ether reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.
Equally important in fragrance containing formulations, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes".
The light color and low odor of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether will not interfere with the mood the fragrance is trying to communicate.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a naturally-derived, 100% active, propoxylated methyl glucose ether.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether offers lubricious, luxurious emollient feel, reduces stinging effect and depresses freezing point.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether provides fragrance fixation by subduing volatilization of high notes.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is derived from corn based Methyl glucoside that is so mild for skin and is completely miscible in water, alcohol and is partially or completely miscible in extract oils and fragrance oils.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a viscous liquid, pale yellow, odorless, soluble in water , alcohol and most oils and organic solvents (except hydrocarbons).


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a glucose-derived raw material that greatly increases the long-lasting strength of many fragrances without creating its own odor.
This is PPG-20 methyl glucose ether used for the fixing of top and some middle notes.
For example, experiments performed in house show that Sweet Orange essential oil (one of the most fleeting of scents- usually lasting only two minutes on the skin) was increased to last half an hour or more on the skin.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a naturally-derived, 100% active, propoxylated methyl glucose ether.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether methyl glucose ether is a material extracted from glucose that has the ability to store and disperse a strong scent without affecting the original scent.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also can be used effectively as humectant and emollient in the cosmetics field and helps fragrance keep lasting longer.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used Perfume, Skin and Hair care, Shampoo and bath soap, Antiperspirant and deodorant.
Application of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether: perfume, soap, cleaning products.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is sometimes used to enhance the texture of cosmetic formulas.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is sometimes used to enhance the texture of cosmetic formulas.
Equally important in fragrance containing formulations, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes"


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is an extremely effective fragrance fixative and humectant for hair care and skin care products.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used as freezing point depressant.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be widely used in detergents, creams, perfumes and other products, and has the functions of reducing viscosity, increasing foam, lowering melting point, moisturizing, solubilizing and fixing fragrance


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used as wetting agent, skin caring agent, emulsifying agent and fixative.
According to the above properties, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be widely used in detergents, creams, perfumes and other products, and has the functions of reducing viscosity, increasing foam, lowering melting point, moisturizing, solubilizing and fixing fragrance.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether humectant is used in hand soaps, shampoos, shaving & styling preparations and facial care products.
According to CosIng 's classification , PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used a skin and hair conditioning ingredient, and according to a company that manufactures and distributes the ingredient, it is primarily a water-binding, moisturizing and skin-softening (emollient) substance, and secondarily a fragrance enhancer.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a mild, non-irritative moisturizer derived from natural glucose.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be mixed with water, alcohol and grease, providing favorable moisturization, lubricity and emollience.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether’s widely used in skin care, hair care and body wash products, reducing irritation to skin caused by alcohol.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also helps to fix fragrance.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used up to 5% of your fragrance formula concentrate, but experiment!
Using too much will "flatten" a fragrance.
According to the above properties, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be widely used in detergents, creams, perfumes and other products, and has the functions of reducing viscosity, increasing foam, lowering melting point, moisturizing, solubilizing and fixing fragrance.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally-derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
In any product, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.
In alcohol-based systems PPG-20 methyl glucose ether reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.


Equally important in fragrance-containing formulations, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes".
The light color and low odor of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether will not interfere with the mood the fragrance is trying to communicate.


PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is recommended for use in hair care and skin care products.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether's raw materials can be widely used in detergents, creams, perfumes and other products to reduce viscosity, increase foam, reduce melting point, moisturize, increase dissolution, and fix fragrance.


-Cosmetic Uses of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether:
*hair conditioning
*skin conditioning


-Uses of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether:
*Helps preserve perfume scent
*As a humectant
*Increased stability
*Reduces anti-sweat white discoloration
*Increase the sense of smell and spread good scent
*Fixed fragrance


-Applications of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether:
• Used with MeG SSE-20, can provide long-term shelf life and viscosity stability
• Auxiliary emulsifier for all systems
• Generates and stabilizes viscosity
• Strengthens and rigidifies molded sticks; reduces synergetic
• Supplemental stabilizer for multiple phase makeup products
• Mild barrier supplement for moisture retention in topical products
• Improves lather texture



USES AND BENEFITS OF PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
PPG-20 Glucose Methyl Ether functions as a hair and skin conditioning agent.
As a skin conditioning agent, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether forms a protective film on the skin surface that prevents moisture loss from the skin and lubricates it.
When used on the hair, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether forms a protective layer on the hair and prevents it from drying out.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether gives it a smooth and silky look.
Depending on its chemical structure, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also functions as an emollient and surfactant in cosmetic products.
A surfactant is one that works more or less like a detergent.
Chemically, ether (-O-), which is the binding link between PPG-20 methyl glucose ether and methylglucose, imparts a loving characteristic to fat, while PPG and methylglucose, separately, are loving of water by nature.

Therefore, When combined, they are effective against dirt and dead bacteria, since they are grease-loving.
They stick to dirt and bacteria on the skin and wash away with water.
Both PPG-20 methyl glucose ether and methyl glucose have some functional groups that attract water and hold it for use by skin cells.
Therefore, they can also work as emollients.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used in formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, conditioners, and other skin and hair care products.
Both PPG-20 methyl glucose ether and methylglucose have some functional groups that attract water and hold it for use by skin cells.
Therefore, they can also work as emollients.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used in formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, conditioners, and other skin and hair care products.
Both PPG-20 methyl glucose ether and methylglucose have some functional groups that attract water and hold it for use by skin cells.
Therefore, they can also work as emollients.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used in formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, conditioners, and other skin and hair care products.



WHAT IS PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER USED FOR?
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a very useful ingredient that is commonly used in personal care products.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has moisturizing and emollient properties that are beneficial for hair and skin formulations.
In hair care products, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether acts as a humectant, helping to retain moisture and prevent dryness.
This helps keep hair feeling soft, smooth, and hydrated.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also aids in moisturizing and soothing the skin, leaving it feeling nourished.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has a smoothing effect on the skin, which makes it a popular ingredient in anti-aging formulations.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be found in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and creams, and is often used in combination with other ingredients to enhance its benefits.



CHEMICAL PROPERTY OF PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a new product developed by our company.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has the feature of reducing the viscosity of surfactants and foaming.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used as a wetting agent, skin care agent, emulsifying agent and fixative.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is mixed with polar solvents such as water and ethyl alcohol, as well as with non-polar solvents such as isopropyl palmitate.



PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER AT A GLANCE:
*Blend of polypropylene glycol + methyl glucose derivatives
*Helps soften and smooth skin and hair
*Excellent hydrating ingredient due to its humectant (water-binding) properties
*Can be used to enhance the texture of cosmetic formulas



FUNCTIONS OF PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
*Hair conditioner: Leaves hair easy to comb, supple, soft and shiny and/or gives volume, lightness and shine
*Skin conditioning agent: Keeps the skin in good condition
*PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is an extremely effective emollient, fragrance fixative and humectant for hair care and skin care products.



KEY FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
• Derived from natural sources
• Humectancy
• Stability enhancement
• Reduction of antiperspirant white stain transfer marks
• Good spreading and sensory profile
• Mildness
• Fragrance fixation



PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER BELONGS TO THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANCE GROUPS:
*Haircare substances / Conditioning agents
*Ingredients for skincare



FUNCTIONS OF PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*HAIR CONDITIONING:
Leaves the hair easy to comb, supple, soft and shiny and / or imparts volume
*SKIN CONDITIONING:
Maintains the skin in good condition



BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON USE IN COSMETICS:
Polypropylene glycol (PPGs) and their derivatives are used in cosmetic products like the polyethylene glycols (PEGs).
They are often used in cosmetic products since they have a broad range of viscosity and solubility properties and have a very good skin tolerance.
As water soluble, non-greasy substances, polypropylene glycols are suited for many cosmetic purposes.
The liquid PPGs serve, for instance, as solubilizers and solvents.



HOW DOES PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER WORK:
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is an antistatic substance.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether keeps moisture on the surface of the skin and prevents evaporation of moisture from the surface.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether nourishes and moisturizes the skin.



FROM THE SCIENTIFIC SIDE OF PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a synthetic ingredient, polypropylene glycol.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a hair and skin supplement.



WHAT DOES PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emollient
*Hair conditioning
*Humectant
*Skin conditioning



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
Molecular Weight: 730.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 12
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 18
Rotatable Bond Count: 18
Exact Mass: 730.45621538
Monoisotopic Mass: 730.45621538
Topological Polar Surface Area: 298 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 49
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 228
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 5
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 8
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 5
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: Pale yellow viscous syrup
Assay: Min. 99.0%
Odor: Mild
Acid number, mg/g: Max. 11
Hydroxyl value, mg/g: 270-305
Moisture, % WT.: Max. 1.0
Saponification value, mg/g: 125-140
Iodine value: 1
Ash, % WT.: Max. 0.5
Color, Gardner: Max. 7
Melt range, °C: 48-55
Appearance: Pale yellow viscous syrup
Assay: Min. 99.0%

Odor: Mild
Acid number, mg/g: Max. 11
Hydroxyl value, mg/g: 270-305
Moisture, % WT.: Max. 1.0
Saponification value, mg/g: 125-140
Iodine value: 1
Ash, % WT.: Max. 0.5
Color, Gardner: Max. 7
Melt range, ℃: 48-55
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 389.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 372.00 °F. TCC ( 189.10 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -2.690 (est)
CAS No.: 61849-72-7
Molecular Formula: C31H70O18
Formula Weight: 730.8767
Assay: 98%

Physical state: no data available
Colour: no data available
Odour: no data available
Melting point/ freezing point: no data available
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range: 389.1\u00baC at 760 mmHg
Flammability: no data available
Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit: no data available
Flash point: 189.1\u00baC
Auto-ignition temperature: no data available
Decomposition temperature: no data available
pH: no data available
Kinematic viscosity: no data available
Solubility: no data available
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value): no data available
Vapour pressure: no data available
Density and/or relative density: no data available
Relative vapour density: no data available
Particle characteristics: no data available

Molecular Formula: C31H70O18
Molar Mass: 730.8767
Boling Point: 389.1°C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 189.1°C
Vapor Presure: 1.15E-07mmHg at 25°C
Appearance: colorless to light yellow clear liquid
Acidity: ≤1
Saponification value: ≤1
Hydroxyl value: 160-180
Iodine value: ≤1
Moisture: ≤1
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 %
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 389.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 372.00 °F. TCC ( 189.10 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -2.690 (est)



FIRST AID MEASURES of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
-Description of necessary first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed:
no data available
-Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary:
no data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Pick up and arrange disposal.
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Specific hazards arising from the chemical:
no data available
-Special protective actions for fire-fighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
-Control parameters:
*Occupational Exposure limit values:
no data available
*Biological limit values:
no data available
-Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE):
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses with side-shields.
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Wear impervious clothing.
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
-Thermal hazards:
no data available



HANDLING and STORAGE of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER:
-Reactivity:
no data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
no data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no data available
-Incompatible materials:
no data available
-Hazardous decomposition products:
no data available



SYNONYMS:
PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol
GLUCAM P-10/20
PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER
Methyl glucoside propoxylate
ylbeta-d-glucopyranoside(4:1)
PPG-20 Methyl glucoside propoxylate
B-Methyl D-glucopyranoside, propoxylated
Polypropylene glycol beta-methyl glucoside ether (4:1)
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether ( P-20 from Amerchol of Dow)
Polypropylene glycol methyl beta-glucopyranoside ether (4:1)
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
PPG-10 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER
Methyl glucoside propoxylate
B-Methyl D-glucopyranoside, propoxylated
2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol-methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (4:1)
Glucam P-10/20
MeG P-20
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether
Methyl Glucose Ether
glucam p-10/20
polypropylene glycol methyl beta-glucopyranoside ether (4:1)
poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], α-hydro-ω-hydroxy-
ether with methyl -d-glucopyranoside (4:1)
ylbeta-d-glucopyranoside(4:1)
poly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)],α-hydro-w-hydroxy-
ether with methyl bd-glucopyranoside (4:1)
ppg-20 methyl glucose ether
methylglucoside propoxylate
methyl glucoside propoxylate
polypropylene glycol beta-methyl glucoside ether (4:1)
b-methyl d-glucopyranoside, propoxylated
ppg-20 methyl glucose ether ( p-20 from amerchol of dow)
GlucamP20
Unicam P20
Propoxylated Alcohol
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether
Methyl glucoside propoxylate
B-Methyl D-glucopyranoside, propoxylated
POLYOXYPROPYLENE (20) METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER
POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL (20) METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER
PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a blend of polypropylene glycol and methyl glucose derivatives that helps soften and smooth skin and hair.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is considered an excellent hydrating ingredient due to its humectant (water-binding) properties.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is sometimes used to enhance the texture of cosmetic formulas.

CAS Number: 61849-72-7
Molecular Formula: C31H70O18
Molecular Weight: 730.8767

PPG-20 METHYL GLUCOSE ETHER, (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol;2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is currently not a stock item, it may not be available at the moment.
However, our global sourcing specialists can support in line with your product specification and your preferences.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also helps to moisturize the surface that it is applied on and lock in hydration, leaving the surface feeling soft and supple.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is known for its ability to improve the texture of skincare and haircare products, making them smoother and more spreadable.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a humectant and emollient added to many personal care products
According to suppliers of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether, it comes as a pale yellow, medium-viscosity liquid in its raw material form and is obtained from corn.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is a humectant and emollient added to many personal care products.
Derived from glucose and plant-based oils, it is a clear, and colorless liquid that is largely soluble in water.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is known for its ability to improve the texture of skincare and haircare products, making them smoother and more spreadable.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also helps to moisturize the surface that it is applied on and lock in hydration, leaving the surface feeling soft and supple.
The chemical formula for PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is C31H70O18.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a very useful ingredient that is commonly used in personal care products.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has moisturizing and emollient properties that are beneficial for hair and skin formulations.
In hair care products, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether acts as a humectant, helping to retain moisture and prevent dryness.
This helps keep hair feeling soft, smooth, and hydrated.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether also aids in moisturizing and soothing the skin, leaving it feeling nourished.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has a smoothing effect on the skin, which makes it a popular ingredient in anti-aging formulations.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can be found in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and creams, and is often used in combination with other ingredients to enhance its benefits.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is a cosmetic ingredient commonly used in skincare and hair care products.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is made by combining plant-based oils and glucose.
The process involves the reaction of the oils with glucose to form a complex mixture of esters.

This mixture is then further processed to produce the final ingredient.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether humectant is a naturally-derived, 100% active, propoxylated methyl glucose ether.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally-derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.

In any product, it delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.
In alcohol-based systems Glucam P-20 humectant reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.
Equally important in fragrance containing formulations, it acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes".

The light color and low odor of Glucam P-20 humectant will not interfere with the mood the fragrance is trying to communicate.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is recommended for use in hair care and skin care products.
Derived from glucose and plant-based oils, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a clear, and colorless liquid that is largely soluble in water.

The chemical formula for PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is C31H70O18.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a very useful ingredient that is commonly used in personal care products.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has moisturizing and emollient properties that are beneficial for hair and skin formulations.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether Applications :
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used as wetting agent, skin caring agent, emulsifying agent and fixative.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is mixing soluble with polar solvents, as water and ethyl alcohol and also with nonpolar solvents, for example, isopropyl palmitate.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a Diester of PPG20 methyl glucose ether and stearic acid PPG-20 methyl glucose ether distearate uses and applications include: Humectant, moisturizer, conditioner, and emollient for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals; binder and plasticizer for pressed powders.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
In any product, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a mild, non-irritative moisturizer derived from natural glucose.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be mixed with water, alcohol and grease, providing favorable moisturization, lubricity and emollience.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether’s widely used in skin care, hair care and body wash products, reducing irritation to skin caused by alcohol.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also helps to fix fragrance. We also supply other cosmetic materials.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether acts as a surfactant, helping to reduce the surface tension of liquids.
This property allows the product to spread more easily on the skin or hair.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can function as an emollient, contributing to the softening and smoothing of the skin or hair.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether may have humectant properties, helping to retain moisture and keep the skin or hair hydrated.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is often used to improve the texture and feel of cosmetic products, making them more pleasant to use.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally-derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.
In alcohol-based systems it reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether distearate emollient is a naturally-derived 100% active, propoxylated methyl glucose ether.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is designed for skin care formulations to deliver safe, effective moisturization without a heavy, greasy feel.
Because PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is mild, vegetable-derived and non-comedogenic, it is especially well suited for products used around the eye or in formulations made for sensitive skin.

In hair care products, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a humectant, helping to retain moisture and prevent dryness.
This helps keep hair feeling soft, smooth, and hydrated.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also aids in moisturizing and soothing the skin, leaving it feeling nourished.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether has a smoothing effect on the skin, which makes it a popular ingredient in anti-aging formulations.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be found in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and creams, and is often used in combination with other ingredients to enhance its benefits.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether indicated, in 2009, as being intended to be registered by at least one company in the EEA.

Such notifications are required for hazardous substances, as such or in mixtures, as well as for all substances subject to registration, regardless of their hazard.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether comes as a pale yellow, medium-viscosity liquid in its raw material form and is obtained from corn.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a polyethylene glycol ether of the mono anddiesters of methyl glucose and stearic acid with an average of 20 moles of ethylene oxide.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a mild, water-loving emulsifier that's safe for sensitive skin or eye-care formulations.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether helps to create low viscosity oil-in-water emulsions, ideal for milks, serums, and sprayable formulations.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether's derived from natural sources and gives a light, satiny afterfeel.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is naturally derived emollient that provides hydration without a heavy, greasy feel.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a naturally derived 100% active propoxylated methyl glucose ether. Designed for skin care formulations to provide safe, effective hydration without a heavy, greasy feel.
Since PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is mild, plant-based and non-comedogenic, it is very suitable for products used especially around the eyes or formulations prepared for sensitive skin.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is the ether of mono and diester of methyl glucose and stearic acid.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a yellowish paste with a characteristic odor.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a combination of both polyethelene glycol – a water-loving molecule and stearic acid – a fat-loving molecule.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a glucose molecule having a methyl group attached by displacing a hydrogen atom.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether can be considered as a bulky molecule having surfactant like properties.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is an ethoxylated methyl glucose ether which has been esterified with stearic acid.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is 100% active and is supplied as a soft solid.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether has water-in-oil emulsifying activity, and Glucamate SSE-20 emulsifier is an oil-in-water emulsifier
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is used together, they form a complementary pair offering safety and performance advantages over more conventional emulsifiers.

With extremely low eye irritation scores, these ingredients are perfect for creams, lotions and makeup used near the eye.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is used in beauty products and cosmetics as both an emollient and surfactant.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is the polyethylene glycol ether of the mono and diesters of Methyl Glucose and Stearic Acid, and is minimally absorbed by skin because of
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is seen as an ingredient in a large number of products because of their diverse properties

LogP: -2.690 (est)
EWG's Food Scores: 1

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a synthetic polymer formed from methyl glucose ether and polypropylene glycol.
The number represents the number of PPG units in the polymer chain.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is light in color and soluble in oils and other organic solvents.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a blend of polypropylene glycol and methyl glucose derivatives that helps soften and smooth skin and hair.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is considered an excellent hydrating ingredient due to its humectant (water-binding) properties.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is sometimes used to enhance the texture of cosmetic formulas.

According to suppliers of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether, it comes as a pale yellow, medium-viscosity liquid in its raw material form and is obtained from corn.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether emollient is a naturally-derived 100% active, propoxylated methyl glucose ether.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is designed for skin care formulations to deliver safe, effective moisturization without a heavy, greasy feel.

Because PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is mild, vegetable-derived and non-comedogenic, it is especially well suited for products used around the eye or in formulations made for sensitive skin.
In fragrance containing formulations, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes".
The light color and low odor of Glucam P20 humectant will not interfere with the mood the fragrance is trying to communicate.

This is also a naturally-derived humectant, 100% active, propoxylated PPG-20 methyl glucose ether.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally-derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
In any product, it delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.

In alcohol-based systems GlucamP20 humectant reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is recommended for use in perfume, fabcon, linen spray, hair care and skin care products.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can also be used as humectants to your skin care products like lotion and cream.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is one of the few naturally-derived cosmetic fluids that are miscible with water, alcohols, organic esters, and oils.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether delivers humectancy with a lubricious, emollient feel.
In alcohol-based systems PPG-20 methyl glucose ether reduces the stinging effect alcohol has on skin.

Equally important in fragrance containing formulations, it acts as a fixative by subduing volatilization of the "high notes"
Applications of PPG-20 methyl glucose ether
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is a synthetic polymer of propylene oxide.

In cosmetics, PPG is often used to enhance the texture and feel of products, providing a smooth and silky consistency.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is derived from glucose and is often used in cosmetic formulations for its ability to condition and moisturize the skin.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can also act as a humectant, helping to retain moisture.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether contributes to the emollient properties of skincare and hair care products.
Emollients are substances that help to soften and smooth the skin, improving its texture and appearance.
As a surfactant, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether helps to reduce the surface tension of liquids, aiding in the even distribution of the product and enhancing its spreadability.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is water-soluble, making it suitable for a wide range of formulations, including aqueous solutions like lotions and shampoos.
This ingredient is often chosen for its stability in formulations, contributing to the overall stability and shelf life of cosmetic products.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether functions as a hair and skin conditioning agent.

As a skin conditioning agent forms a protective film on the surface of the skin which prevents loss of moisture from the skin and lubricates it.
When used in hair it forms a protective layer on the hair and prevents it from drying.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether makes it appear soft and silky.

Depending upon the chemical structure PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also functions as an emollient and surfactant in cosmetic products.
A surfactant is the one that more or less works like a detergent.
Chemically understanding, ether (-O-) being the connecting bond between PPG and Methyl glucose, imparts fat-loving characteristic, while PPG and methyl glucose, individually are water-loving in nature.

So, when they combine, they are effective against dirt and dead bacteria, since they are fat-loving.
They bond with dirt and bacteria present on the skin and get carried away with water. Both PPG and Methyl glucose have some functional groups that attract water and hold it for use for the skin cells.
So, it can function as emollient as well.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used in formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, conditioners, and other skin and hair care products.
As with any cosmetic ingredient, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is important to use products containing PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether as directed and discontinue use if any signs of irritation or allergic reaction occur.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether functions as a hair and skin conditioning agent.

As a skin conditioning agent, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether forms a protective film on the skin surface that prevents moisture loss from the skin and lubricates it.
When used on the hair, it forms a protective layer on the hair and prevents it from drying out.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether gives it a smooth and silky look.

Depending on its chemical structure, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether also functions as an emollient and surfactant in cosmetic products.
A surfactant is one that works more or less like a detergent.
Chemically, ether (-O-), which is the binding link between PPG and methylglucose, imparts a loving characteristic to fat, while PPG and methylglucose, separately, are loving. of water by nature.

Therefore, when combined, they are effective against dirt and dead bacteria, since they are grease-loving.
They stick to dirt and bacteria on the skin and wash away with water.
Both PPG and methylglucose have some functional groups that attract water and hold it for use by skin cells.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can contribute to the hydration of the skin and hair.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is humectant properties help attract and retain moisture, promoting a smoother and more moisturized appearance.
In addition to skincare and hair care products, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is often used in cleansers and foaming products.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is surfactant properties make it useful for creating a lathering effect, helping to cleanse the skin or hair effectively.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can contribute to the stability of formulations by preventing the separation of oil and water phases in emulsions.
This enhances the overall stability and shelf life of cosmetic products.

As a non-ionic surfactant, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is generally considered mild and is less likely to cause irritation compared to some other surfactants.
This makes it suitable for use in products designed for sensitive skin.
The presence of a polyol structure (methyl glucose) in the molecule can add a conditioning effect, contributing to the softness and manageability of hair in hair care formulations.

Therefore, they can also work as emollients.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is used in formulations of creams, lotions, moisturizers, conditioners, and other skin and hair care products.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can contribute to the viscosity control of cosmetic formulations.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether helps to adjust the thickness or flow of the product, which is crucial for various formulations such as creams, lotions, and gels.
In some formulations, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether may be used in combination with other ingredients to create synergistic effects.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can enhance the overall performance and sensory attributes of the product.

This ingredient is often compatible with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients, making it versatile in formulating different types of personal care products.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is non-ionic, meaning it does not carry an electric charge.
This makes it compatible with a variety of cosmetic formulations, including those that are sensitive to changes in pH.

Cosmetic manufacturers often use PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether to improve the sensory experience of their products.
The ingredient can contribute to a luxurious feel, ease of application, and a non-sticky finish, which positively influences consumer perception.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is a blend of polypropylene glycol and methyl glucose derivatives that helps soften and smooth skin and hair.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is considered an excellent hydrating ingredient due to its humectant (water-binding) properties.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is sometimes used to enhance the texture of cosmetic formulas.

Uses:
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is used for its emulsifying properties in cosmetic products.
As an emulsifier, PPG 20 methyl glucose ether gives stability to the product and prevents the oil and water-based components of the product from getting separated.
Since molecules dissolving in water can take up the PPG 20 methyl glucose ether part and oil dissolving molecules will get attached to the stearate part.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether reduces a chance of inter-reaction of various ingredients and gives noticeable stability to the product.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether also functions as a thickener by attracting water molecules and gives a sort of ‘swollen’ appearance to its molecule.
PPG 20 methyl glucose ether enhances its overall performance of the product on the skin or hair surface.

PPG 20 methyl glucose ether is used in formulations of creams, lotions, gels, shampoos, and other skincare products.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can be included in moisturizers and lotions to provide emollient properties, helping to soften and hydrate the skin.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is surfactant properties make it suitable for use in facial cleansers, body washes, and other cleansing products, contributing to foaming and cleansing effects.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether may be added to hair conditioners to enhance the texture and manageability of the hair, providing a conditioning effect.
In shampoos, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can contribute to foaming and cleansing properties.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether helps stabilize emulsions, preventing the separation of oil and water phases.

This is important in formulations like creams and lotions.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be used to adjust the thickness or viscosity of cosmetic products, influencing their texture and application.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether acts as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture, which is beneficial for maintaining skin and hair hydration.

Due to its non-ionic nature and mild characteristics, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is often included in formulations designed for sensitive skin.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether contributes to the overall sensory experience of a product, providing a smooth and pleasant texture.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can be found in some sunscreen formulations, contributing to the overall texture of the product.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is water-soluble nature makes it compatible with both water-based and oil-based sunscreen formulations.
In cosmetic products such as foundations, concealers, and BB creams, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether may be used to enhance the spreadability and blendability of the product.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is commonly used in various body care products, including body lotions, creams, and shower gels, where it can provide moisturizing and cleansing benefits.

Due to its mildness and moisturizing properties, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is sometimes included in formulations for baby care products such as baby lotions and washes.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can be found in leave-in conditioners, hair serums, and styling products, contributing to the overall manageability and softness of the hair.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether may be included in the formulation of cosmetic wipes, contributing to the effectiveness of the wipe in removing makeup and impurities.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether's solubility and mild characteristics make it suitable for use in fragrance formulations, helping to disperse and stabilize fragrance ingredients.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can be present in various grooming products for men, such as shaving creams and aftershaves, contributing to their texture and overall performance.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether may be included in sunscreen formulations to contribute to the overall texture and spreadability of the product.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether can enhance the user experience by providing a smoother application.
In facial serums, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can function as a lightweight emollient, helping to deliver active ingredients while providing a non-greasy feel.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can be found in various makeup products such as foundations, BB creams, and tinted moisturizers.

PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is emollient properties contribute to a smooth application and help create a desirable finish.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is soothing and moisturizing properties make PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether suitable for inclusion in after-shave products, helping to calm and hydrate the skin post-shaving.
In pre-shave products like shaving creams or gels, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether can contribute to the overall texture, making it easier for the product to adhere to the skin for a smoother shaving experience.

PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether may be used in body creams and body butters to enhance the moisturizing properties, providing a luxurious and soft feel to the skin.
Its water-soluble nature makes PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether suitable for use in antiperspirants and deodorants, contributing to the overall formulation and feel of the product.
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether's mild and conditioning properties make it suitable for use in baby care products, such as baby lotions or mild cleansers.

Safety profile:
PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is generally considered a safe ingredient for use in a variety of different products within the cosmetic industry.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether is well tolerated by most skin and hair types and is also non-comedogenic. Patch testing is not typically necessary for this ingredient.
Additionally, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether is vegan and halal, making it a suitable ingredient for those following a vegan or halal lifestyle.

As with any cosmetic ingredient, it is important to use products containing PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether as directed and discontinue use if any signs of irritation or allergic reaction occur.
Some individuals may be more sensitive to certain cosmetic ingredients, and skin irritation or allergic reactions could occur.
PPG-20 methyl glucose ether's always advisable to perform a patch test before using a new product extensively, especially if you have a history of skin allergies or sensitivities.

Avoid contact with eyes.
In case of accidental contact, rinse thoroughly with water.
While inhalation exposure is unlikely in typical cosmetic use, excessive inhalation of fine particles or aerosols should be avoided.

The safety of any cosmetic product depends on the entire formulation, including the combination of ingredients and their concentrations.
Always follow product usage instructions and guidelines provided by the manufacturer.

P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE, N° CAS : 106-50-3 - PPD (CI 76060), Nom INCI : P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE; Nom chimique : Benzene-1,4-diamine;N° EINECS/ELINCS : 203-404-7; Ses fonctions (INCI; )Agent colorant pour cheveux : Colore les cheveux

chlorocresol (p-chloro-m-cresol)

PPS (Potassium Persulfate) appears as a white, fine crystalline, odorless salt with 270.33 g/mol of molar mass.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also known as potassium peroxydisulfate or KPS, it is a white solid that is sparingly soluble in cold water, but dissolves better in warm water.


CAS Number: 7727-21-1
EC Number: 231-781-8
MDL number: MFCD00011386
Linear Formula: K2S2O8


Potassium Persulfate is a white crystalline, odourless salt with the density of 2.477.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can be decomposed about 100℃ and dissolved in the water and has strong oxidation.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has the particular advantage of being almost non-hygroscopic of having a good storage stability in normal temperature and of being easy and safe to handle.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) enhances the free flowing properties and tends to lumping.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has the particular advantage of being only slightly hygroscopic and easy and safe to handle.


As a result of the process used for PPS (Potassium Persulfate)'s production it is free from contamination by ammonium ions.
Due to its extremely high purity PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has a good storage stability.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also known as potassium peroxydisulfate or KPS, it is a white solid that is sparingly soluble in cold water, but dissolves better in warm water.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is non-inflammable, but it can help combustion due to the release of oxygen.


When stored, PPS (Potassium Persulfate) must be stored in a dry, closed container, away from direct sunlight and near heat sources.
Do not come in contact with reducing substances such as organic matter, rust, or trace metals to prevent decomposition or explosion of PPS (Potassium Persulfate).
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a white, finely crystalline, odourless salt consisting of technically pure potassium peroxydisulfate and silicic acid to enhance the free flowing properties.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has the particular advantage of being only slightly hygroscopic and easy and safe to handle.
As a result of PPS (Potassium Persulfate)'s extremely high purity it has a good storage stability.
Due to PPS (Potassium Persulfate)'s fine crystallinity potassium peroxydisulfate tends to lumping.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) almost does not absorb moisture, it is easy to store, easy to use and safe.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also known as potassium peroxydisulfate, it is a white solid that is sparingly soluble in cold water, but dissolves better in warm water.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) appears as a white crystalline solid. PPS (Potassium Persulfate)'s specific gravity 2.477.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate)'s decomposes is below 100 °C.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is soluble in water.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is insoluble in alcohol.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is an inorganic compound that is a strong oxidant.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) decomposes completely at 100 oC.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is slightly soluble in water.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is not flammable.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) should be stored in closed, cool and dry places.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) should be protected from heat and moisture.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is not harmful to health as crystal and solution when studied carefully.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate), also known as potassium peroxydisulfate is a chemical compound used as an oxidizing agent, with the formula K2S2O8.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a transparent colorless crystal that is a strong oxidizer.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is generally immediately available in most volumes.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a strong oxidizing agent and is incompatible with organic compounds.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is colorless or white crystals.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has no odor.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is soluble in about 50 parts of water, 25 parts of 40 deg C water, aqueous solution is acidic.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is insoluble in ethanol.
The gradual decomposition of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) in air releases oxygen, and the decomposition is faster at high temperature, and the total decomposition is at 100.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also a raw material for the preparation of hydrogen peroxide.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate), also known as high potassium sulfate, molecular weight: 270.32, decomposition temperature: 50-60 ℃, is a white, tasteless Crystal, soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, with strong oxidation, commonly used as bleach, oxidant.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also known as potassium peroxydisulfate or KPS, it is a white solid that is highly soluble in water.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also known as potassium peroxydisulfate or KPS, it is a white solid that is sparingly soluble in cold water, but dissolves better in warm water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) acts as an initiator for the polymerization of monomers of acrylic, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion co-polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc. in combination with the redox systems and as a strong oxidizing agent in many applications.
Others uses of PPS (Potassium Persulfate): chemical synthesis.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as Water treatment (purification).
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Waste gas treatment, oxidative degradation of harmful substances (e.g. mercury).
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as Disinfectant


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an initiator (source of free radicals) for the polymerisation of monomers and as a strong oxidising agent in many applications.
As a result of the process used for its production PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is free from contamination by ammonium ions.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is involved in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland-Sims oxidation of anilines.
In solution, PPS (Potassium Persulfate) gives radicals and is used to initiate polymerization reactions to prepare styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as a bleaching agent in various hair bleaches, as an ion exchange agent, a plating agent and a surface treating agent.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is involved in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland-Sims oxidation of anilines.
In solution, PPS (Potassium Persulfate) gives radicals and is used to initiate polymerization reactions to prepare styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as a bleaching agent in various hair bleaches, as an ion exchange agent, a plating agent and a surface treating agent.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in organic reactions for polymerization.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products and perfumes and fragrances.
Other release to the environment of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Other release to the environment of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use as reactive substance.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Release to the environment of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the following products: oil and gas exploration or production products, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.


Release to the environment of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the polymerization of acrylonitrile, generally in the production of polyacrylonitrile fiber together with alkali sulfides, in the polymerization of various monomers; as an oxidant in the textile industry; in the oxidation of sulfur dyes; in metal, photography, cosmetics industries; in the production of various chemicals; purification of ammonium sulfate; as an antiseptic.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in soap production and medicine production.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is the initiator of latex or solution polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and other product, but also the initiator of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and similar emulsion for copolymerization.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate)is mainly used as initiator and strong oxidizing agents
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as a desizing agent and bleach activator.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used for oxidative degradation of harmful substances in the pool and closed circular cycle in the water.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can be applied in the production of starch modifier and applied in the production of adhesive and coating agent.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used applicable to branched chain oxidation, alcohol and aromatic hydroxy oxidation.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the polymerization of acrylonitrile, often in the production of polyacrylonitrile fibers with alkaline sulfides, in the emulsion polymerization of monomers.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an oxidant in the textile industry.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the oxidation of sulfur dyes.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in Metal, photography, cosmetics industries.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in the production of various chemicals.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an analytical reagent for the determination of manganese content in steel analysis.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also used as a disinfectant, a fabric bleaching agent, a sodium thiosulfate remover and a deodorizing agent.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an oxidant for dyes and inorganic salts in chemical reactions.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an initiator for elastomer in synthetic rubber.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an accelerator for polyvinyl chloride emulsion polymerization in the production of synthetic resin.


Applications of PPS (Potassium Persulfate) include: polymerization initiators, circuit board cleaning and etching, copper and aluminum surface activation, starch modification, low temperature bleaching and Desizing of pulp and fabrics, purification of circulating water systems, oxidative degradation of harmful gases, low formaldehyde adhesive adhesion acceleration, ethanol and aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation, disinfectant, hair dye decolorization.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can also be used as a polymerization initiator, which hardly absorbs moisture, has good stability at room temperature, is convenient for storage, and has the advantages of convenience and safety.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used to initiate polymerization of various alkenes leading to commercially important polymers such as styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene and related materials.


In solution, the dianion dissociates to give radicals:
[O3SO-OSO3]2− 2 [SO4]•−
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in organic chemistry as an oxidizing agent, for instance in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland–Sims oxidation of anilines.


As a strong yet stable bleaching agent PPS (Potassium Persulfate) also finds use in various hair bleaches and lighteners.
Such brief and non-continuous use is normally hazard free, however prolonged contact can cause skin irritation.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has been used as an improving agent for flour with the E number E922, although it is no longer approved for this use within the EU.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Initiator for the emulsion or solution Polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion co-polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Oxidizing agent, used in cleaning and pickling of metal surfaces, accelerated curing of low formaldehyde adhesives and modification of starch, production of binders and coating materials.


Desizing agent and bleach activator, PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is an essential component of bleaching formulations for hair cosmetics.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as a laboratory oxidant and photography chemical.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in bleaching fabrics, soaps; in photography under the name Anthion to remove last traces of thiosulfate from plates and paper; as an oxidizing agent in analytical chemistry.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is often used as a strong oxidant, and also as an initiator of monomer polymerization.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used to initiate polymerization of various alkenes leading to commercially important polymers such as styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene and related materials.


In solution, the dianion dissociates to give radicals:
[O3SO-OSO3]2− ⇌ 2 [SO4]•−
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in organic chemistry as an oxidizing agent, for instance in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland–Sims oxidation of anilines.


As a strong yet stable bleaching agent PPS (Potassium Persulfate) also finds use in various hair bleaches and lighteners.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has been used as an improving agent for flour with the E number E922, although it is no longer approved for this use within the EU.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a suitable initiaor for the emulsion or solution polymerisation of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion copolymerisation of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also a kind of oxidizing agent.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in cleaning and pickling of metal surfaces.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in accelerated curing of low formaldehyde adhesives.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in modification of starch, production of binders and coating materials.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Desizing agent and bleach activator.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used an essential component of bleaching formulations for hair cosmetics.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is mainly used as a disinfectant and fabric bleach.
Industrial dyes and inorganic salts, PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as the oxidant.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Synthetic rubber industry as emulsion polymerization initiators.


Synthetic resin, PPS (Potassium Persulfate), is used as a polymerization accelerator.
In addition, the terms used in the steel, photographic industry and medicine.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used to initiate polymeriziation of various alkenes leading to commercially important polymers such as styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene and related materials.


In solution, the dianion dissociates to give radicals: [O3SO-OSO3]2− ⇌ 2 [SO4]−
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used in organic chemistry as an oxidizing agent, for instance in the Elbs persulfate oxidation of phenols and the Boyland–Sims oxidation of anilines.


As a strong yet stable bleaching agent PPS (Potassium Persulfate) also finds use in various hair bleaches and lighteners.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has been used as an improving agent for flour with the E number E922, although it is no longer approved for this use within the EU.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used to initiate polymerziation of various alkenes leading to commercially important polymers such as styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene and related materials.


PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used to make soap (bleaching), promote polymerization, condition flour, and modify starch.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also used as a reducing agent in photography, a desizing agent in textiles, and an oxidizing agent for dyes.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a powerful oxidant, commonly used to initiate polymerizations.


-Cosmetics:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used the main ingredient of bleaching formula.
-Textiles:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used desizing and bleaching agents - especially for low temperature bleaching.


-Polymerization:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used initiator of latex or acrylic monomer polymerization liquid, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and other products, and initiator of copolymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and other colloid.


-Metal treatment:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used treatment of metal surfaces (e.g. in semiconductor manufacturing: cleaning and etching of printed circuits).
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an activation of copper and aluminum surfaces.


-Polymerization:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as initiator of latex or acrylic monomer polymerization solution, initiator of ethyl acetate, ethylene chloride, vinyl chloride and other products.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also an initiator of copolymerization of styrene acrylonitrile, butadiene and other colloids.


-Metal treatment:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Treatment of metal surfaces (eg in semiconductor manufacturing: cleaning and etching of printed circuits).
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Activation of copper and aluminum surfaces.


-Cosmetics:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used The main ingredient in bleaching formulas.
-Textiles:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used De-slurry and bleach - especially for low-temperature bleaching.


-Others uses of PPS (Potassium Persulfate): Chemical synthesis: Water treatment (purification); Disinfectant; Exhaust gas treatment, oxidative degradation of harmful substances (eg mercury).
-TEXTILE:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is desizing agent and bleach activator - particularly for cold bleaching (e.g. bleaching of jeans).


-POLYMERIZATION:
Initiator for the emulsion or solution polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion copolymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc.
In combination with redox systems (ascorbic acid, Rongalite, sulfites or sugar - possibly in combination with heavy metal salts such as Fe2+) PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can also be used for polymerization reactions carried out at lower - and even at ambient - temperatures.
To reduce the residual monomer content, a combination of
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) with TBHP-70-AQ is recommended, particularly in cases where redox systems are used.


-COSMETICS:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is essential component of bleaching formulations
-PAPER:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is modification of starch; repulping particularly of wet-strength paper


-Other uses of PPS (Potassium Persulfate):
*chemical synthesis
*water treatment (decontamination)
*waste gas treatment; oxidative degradation of harmful substances (e.g. Hg)


-polymerization:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used initiator for the emulsion or solution Polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion co-polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc.


-PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is mainly used for initiator and strong oxidant initiator: PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is latex or acrylic monomer polymerization liquid, vinyl acetate, the initiator of vinyl chloride and other products is also the initiator of the copolymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene and Other colloids.


-Metal treatment:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used Treatment of metal surfaces(e.g. in the manufacture of semiconductors; cleaning and etching of printed circuits), activation of copper and aluminium surfaces.


-Cosmetics:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as an essential component of bleaching formulations.
-Paper:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used a modification of starch,repulping of wet - strength paper.
-Textile:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a used desizing agent and bleach activator - particularly for cold bleaching.(i.e.bleaching of Jeans).


-Others uses of PPS (Potassium Persulfate):
*Chemical synthesis
*Water treatment(decontamination)
*Waste gas treatment,oxidative degradation of harmful substances(e.g.Hg)
*Disinfectant


-Strong oxidants:
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as Desizing agent and bleach activator.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used for the oxidation and degradation of harmful substances in water pool and closed cycle treatment.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is the production of starch regulator, and used in the production of adhesives and coatings.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used for branched-chain oxidation, ethanol and aromatic hydroxyl oxidation.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is one of the basic components of the hair dye, the role of decolorization.



KEY FEATURES OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
Key Features of PPS (Potassium Persulfate):
These PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a white, crystalline, odourless salt.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is used as initiator for the polymerisation of monomers and as a strong oxidizing agent in many application.

PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has the particular advantage of being almost non-hygroscopic, of having a particularly good storage stability as a result of its extremely high purity and of being easy and safe to handle.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a suitable initiaor for the emulsion or solution polymerisation of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion copolymerisation of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc..

PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is also a kind of oxidizing agent:
(1) Used in cleaning and pickling of metal surfaces.
(2) Used in accelerated curing of low formaldehyde adhesives.
(3) Used in modification of starch, production of binders and coating materials.
(4) Desizing agent and bleach activator.
(5) An essential component of bleaching formulations for hair cosmetics.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a kind of white tasteless crystal or powder, which is decomposed by ethanol and has good stability at room temperature.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
When PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is heated in a 50% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide results, which, due to the high temperature, distills from the solution.
The H2O2 obtained this way has a concentration of 40-60%.
This method was previously used in the manufacturing of hydrogen peroxide on industrial scale before being replaced by the quinone process.

PPS (Potassium Persulfate) will react with silver nitrate to form silver(I,III) oxide (silver peroxide):
K2S2O8 + AgNO3 → Ag4O4 + K2SO4 + SOx + NOx + Ox
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) oxidizes acetone in the presence of diluted sulfuric acid and silver metal to acetic acid, releasing carbon dioxide:

2 K2S2O8 + (CH3)2CO → CH3COOH + KHSO4 + CO2
Reaction with nitric acid gives off oxygen and ozone fumes, and nitrogen as byproduct.
Heating PPS (Potassium Persulfate) in solution or slush to 80-90 Celsius for 2-3 minutes in presence of MnO2 leads to a decomposition reaction catalyzed by manganese dioxide:

2 K2S2O8 + 2H2O → 4 KHSO4 + O2
This reaction can be used as a qualitative test for the peroxodisulfate anion: just heat it with MnO2 and check the pH with a test strip.
Low pH means positive test.



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is a white crystalline solid, poorly soluble in water.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) decomposes if heated to temperatures over 125°C.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) has a density of 2.477 g/cm3.



STRUCTURE OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
The sodium and potassium salts are very similar.
In the potasium salt, the O-O distance is 1.495 Å.
The individual sulfate groups are tetrahedral, with three short S-O distances near 1.43 and one long S-O bond at 1.65 Å.



RAW MATERIALS OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
Ammonium persulfate
Sulfuric acid
Ammonium sulfate
Potassium Sulphate



PREPARATION OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
The most common way to synthesize PPS (Potassium Persulfate) is via the electrolysis of a cold solution potassium bisulfate in sulfuric acid, at a high current density:
2 KHSO4 → K2S2O8 + H2
Tantalum electrodes can be used in this reaction.

Bubbling elemental fluorine through an aqueous solution of KHSO4 or K2SO4 will also yield PPS (Potassium Persulfate).
The reaction also works in the absence of water.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can also be prepared by adding KHSO4 to a solution of the more soluble salt ammonium peroxydisulfate.
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) will precipitate from this reaction.

PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can be prepared by electrolysis of a cold solution potassium bisulfate in sulfuric acid at a high current density.
2 KHSO4 → K2S2O8 + H2
ItPPS (Potassium Persulfate)to a solution of the more soluble salt ammonium peroxydisulfate (NH4)2S2O8.
In principle PPS (Potassium Persulfate) can be prepared by chemical oxidation of potassium sulfate using fluorine.
Several million kilograms of the ammonium, sodium, and potassium salts of peroxydisulfate are produced annually.

Ammonium persulfate was dissolved in water, and potassium hydroxide solution was added.
The mixture was heated under aeration until ammonia was depleted.
After cooling, Suction filtration crystallization, washing, drying to obtain PPS (Potassium Persulfate).



RECRYSTALIZATION OF PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
PPS (Potassium Persulfate) was dissolved in water at 30 °c and cooled to obtain a recrystallized product, which was filtered and dried under reduced pressure in the presence of calcium chloride.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
Molecular Weight: 270.32
Molecular Weight : 270.3 kg/kmol
Specific Gravity : 2,480 kg/m³
pH Value (%5 solution) : 3-7
Thermal Decomposition : ≥65°C
Solubility in Water : 6(25 °C) 17(50 °C) (g/100 g H2O)
Physical state: powder
Color: white
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: 100 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: > 600 °C

Decomposition temperature: 170 °C
pH 2,5 - 4,5 at 27 g/l at 25 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 52,77 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: - Not applicable for inorganic substances
Vapor pressure: < 0,1 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 2,477 g/cm3
Relative density: 1,39 at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: 9,33 - (Air = 1.0)
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: The substance or mixture is classified as oxidizing with the category 3.
Other safety information:
Relative vapor 9,33 - (Air = 1.0)

Compound Formula: K2O8S2
Molecular Weight: 270.32
Appearance: White powder or crystals
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Density: 2.477 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O: N/A
Exact Mass: 269.830872
Monoisotopic Mass: 269.830872
Appearance: white, finely crystalline solid
Assay: (typically) ca. 99.0 % w/w
Active oxygen: (AO, typically) ca. 5.9 % w/w
Acid: (calculated as H2SO4, typically) ca. 0.05 % w/w
Iron content: (typically) ca. 1 mg/kg
Bulk density: ca. 1100 kg/m3
Melting point: (decomposition)

Solubility in water: at 10 / 20 / 40 / 60 °C ca. 30 / 50 / 105 / 210 g/L
pH of a 1 % solution in water: ca. 3.7
pH of a 10 % solution in water: ca. 3.1
Decomposition temperature: (SADT)* 170 °C
Recommended storage temperature: < 30 °C
Storage: stability as from date of delivery 12 months
Moisture content: (typically) < 0.03 % w/w
Density: 2.477 g/cm3
Melting Point: 100 °C (decomposition)
pH value: 2.5 - 4.5 (27 g/l, H₂O, 25 °C)
Vapor pressure: Bulk density: 1150 kg/m3
Solubility: 50 g/l
Molecular Weight: 270.33
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8

Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 269.8308723
Monoisotopic Mass: 269.8308723
Topological Polar Surface Area: 150 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 206
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Formula: K₂O₈S₂
Appearance: White to Off-White Solid
Melting Point: No data available
Molecular Weight: 270.32
Storage: 20°C
Solubility: Water (Slightly)
Molecular Formula :K2O8S2
Molar Mass: 270.32
Density: 2.47

Melting Point: 1067 °C
Boling Point: 1689 °C
Water Solubility: 5 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
Solubility: H2O: 0.5M at20°C, clear, colorless
Vapor Presure: 0 Pa at 25℃
Vapor Density: 9.3 (vs air)
Appearance: Solid
Specific Gravity: 2.477
Color: White
Odor: Odorless
Exposure Limit: ACGIH: TWA 0.1 mg/m3
Merck: 14,7656
PH: 3.2 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Storage Condition: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Stability: Stable.
Properties: colorless or white triclinic crystal powder.
relative density: 2.477
solubility: soluble in water, solubility: 1.75g/100ml water at 0 ℃,
solubility: 5.3g/100ml water at 20 ℃.
Insoluble in alcohol.
The aqueous solution was acidic.



FIRST AID MEASURES of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up carefully.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PPS (POTASSIUM PERSULFATE):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
potassium persulphate
kalium persulfate
PPS(kps) Initiator
potassium per sulphate
potassium per sulfate
persulfate de potassium
potassium hydrogen persulfate
dipotassium peroxodisulfate
kps potassium persulfate
Potassium Peroxydisulfate
cas no.7721-21-1
Sodium Peroxydisulfate
Peroxydisulfuric Acid
Disodium Peroxydisulfate
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE
7727-21-1
Potassium peroxydisulfate
Anthion
Potassium peroxodisulfate
Potassium peroxydisulphate
Dipotassium peroxydisulfate
Dipotassium persulfate
potassium persulphate
Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt
dipotassium;sulfonatooxy sulfate
MFCD00011386
6B86K0MCZC
Dipotassium peroxodisulphate
Caswell No. 700
HSDB 2638
EINECS 231-781-8
UN1492
UNII-6B86K0MCZC
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 063602
Virkon S
potasium persulfate
potassium persuifate
Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2) , dipotassium salt
potassium monopersulphate
potassium peroxidisulfate
EC 231-781-8
DIPOTASSIUM PERSULPHATE
CHEMBL3186858
DTXSID4029690
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE [MI]
DIPOTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE
dipotassium dioxidan-2-idesulfonate
Tox21_200798
AKOS015950646
NSC 326763
Potassium persulfate, ACS Reagent Grade
NCGC00258352-01
BP-13445
CAS-7727-21-1
FT-0689072
Potassium peroxydisulfate, low nitrogen, ACS
Potassium persulfate [UN1492] [Oxidizer]
dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide
Potassium persulfate, Trace metals grade 99.99%
Q415226
Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), potassium salt (1:2)
Anthion
Dipotassium peroxodisulfate
Dipotassium peroxydisulfate
Dipotassium persulfate
F 210 Hygisept
Potassium dipersulfate
Potassium peroxydisulfate
Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8))
Potassium Peroxydisulphate
Potassium persulfate
Virkon S
anthion
BETZ 2701
NP A SOLUTION
Potassium persulfate
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE
Potassium persulphate
dipotassiumpersulfate
Potassium peroxodisulfate
POTASSIUM PEROXODISULFATE
Potassium peroxydisulfate
POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE
POTASSIUM PEROXYDISULPHATE
DIPOTASSIUM PEROXYDISULFATE
dipotassium peroxodisulphate
DI-POTASSIUM PEROXODISULPHATE
POTASSIUM PERSULFATE, PURIFIED
TNP-201 DECOMPOSITION SOLUTION 1
Peroxydisulfuricacid,dipotassiumsalt
dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide
peroxydisulfuricacid([(ho)s(o)2]2o2),dipotassiumsalt
Peroxydisulphuric acid dipotassium salt~Potassium peroxydisulphate
Dipotassium disulfate
Potassium peroxodisulfate
Dipotassium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide
Dipotassium peroxodisulphate
dipotassium sulfonatooxy sulfate
Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt
Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt
Peroxydisulfuric acid, dipotassium salt
Anthion; Dipotassium peroxydisulfate
Dipotassium persulfate
Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), dipotassium salt
Potassium peroxydisulfate
Potassium peroxydisulfate (K2(S2O8))
Potassium peroxydisulphate
UN1492

PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) has good light and leveling effect in electronickelling, especially good high current density region leveling effect spy.
PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) can be used to prepare electroplating brightener and nickel plating strong leveling agent.
PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is a kind of electroplating intermediate, and sterling is white crystal, commonly content between 40%-50%, it is colourless to weak yellow liquid.

CAS: 3918-73-8
MF: C8H11NO4S
MW: 217.24
EINECS: 223-485-2

Synonyms: 3918-73-8;2-Hydroxy-3-(pyridin-1-ium-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate;1-(2-Hydroxy-3-sulphonatopropyl)pyridinium;2-hydroxy-3-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylpropane-1-sulfonate
1-(2-Hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium betane;PPS-OH;Pyridinium, 1-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-, inner salt;Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine;1-(2-Hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium betaine;EINECS 223-485-2;2-Hydroxy-1-(1-pyridyl)-3-propanesulfonate;SCHEMBL9074655;DTXSID001014636;Pyridinium, 1-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-, hydroxide, inner salt;MFCD00507613;AKOS015912941;SB55149;AS-69228;FT-0605544;Pyridinium-N-(2-hydroxy)propane-3-sulfonic acid;2-hydroxy-3-(pyridinium-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate;A824446;W-106453;1-(2-HYDROXY-3-SULFONATOPROPYL)PYRIDIN-1-IUM;1-(2-HYDROXY-3-SULFOPROPYL)-PYRIDINIUMBETAINE;2-hydroxy-3-(1-pyridin-1-iumyl)-1-propanesulfonate;2-oxidanyl-3-pyridin-1-ium-1-yl-propane-1-sulfonate;68928-53-0

PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 111°C
Density: 1.30
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Water Solubility: 1280g/L at 23℃
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H11NO4S/c10-8(7-14(11,12)13)6-9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h1-5,8,10H,6-7H2
InChIKey: RJPRZHQPROLZRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -2 at 24℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 3918-73-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) (3918-73-8)

Application
1. PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is a good nickel plating intermediate which has good leveling power in middle and low current density areas as PPS.
2. PPSOH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) also has an outstanding LCD throwing power, which should be used in combination with BEO, PME, PESS, MOSS,saccharin or auxiliary brighteners.

PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is a kind of electroplating intermediate, and sterling is white crystal, commonly content between 40%-50%.
PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is colourless to weak yellow liquid.
PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is used to formulate brightener additives employed in the electroplating industry, especially as a nickel plating intermediate.

CAS: 3918-73-8
MF: C8H11NO4S
MW: 217.24
EINECS: 223-485-2

PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is a good nickel plating intermediate which has good leveling power in middle and low current density areas as PPS.
PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) also has an outstanding LCD throwing power, which should be used in combination with BEO, PME, PESS, MOSS.
PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) is a kind of electroplating intermediate, and sterling is white crystal, commonly content between 40%-50%, it is colourless to weak yellow liquid.

PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 111°C
Density: 1.30
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Water Solubility: 1280g/L at 23℃
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H11NO4S/c10-8(7-14(11,12)13)6-9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h1-5,8,10H,6-7H2
InChIKey: RJPRZHQPROLZRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C([N+]1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)CS([O-])(=O)=O
LogP: -2 at 24℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 3918-73-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) (3918-73-8)

Uses
PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) can be used to prepare electroplating brightener and nickel plating strong leveling agent.
PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine) has good light and leveling effect in electronickelling, especially good high current density region leveling effect spy.
As the base additive in nickel plating bath, PPS-OH (Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine)'s consumption, be 20-50g/kAH, consumption 50-500mg/L, the huge market demand.

Synonyms
3918-73-8
2-Hydroxy-3-(pyridin-1-ium-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate
1-(2-Hydroxy-3-sulphonatopropyl)pyridinium
2-hydroxy-3-pyridin-1-ium-1-ylpropane-1-sulfonate
PPS-OH
1-(2-Hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium betane
Pyridinium, 1-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-, inner salt
Pyridinium hydroxy propyl sulfobetaine
1-(2-Hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-pyridinium betaine
EINECS 223-485-2
2-Hydroxy-1-(1-pyridyl)-3-propanesulfonate
SCHEMBL9074655
DTXSID001014636
Pyridinium, 1-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-, hydroxide, inner salt
MFCD00507613
AKOS015912941
SB55149
AS-69228
FT-0605544
Pyridinium-N-(2-hydroxy)propane-3-sulfonic acid
2-hydroxy-3-(pyridinium-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate
A824446
W-106453
1-(2-HYDROXY-3-SULFONATOPROPYL)PYRIDIN-1-IUM
1-(2-HYDROXY-3-SULFOPROPYL)-PYRIDINIUMBETAINE
2-hydroxy-3-(1-pyridin-1-iumyl)-1-propanesulfonate
2-oxidanyl-3-pyridin-1-ium-1-yl-propane-1-sulfonate

SYNONYMS Polymer JR; Quaternium-19;2-(2-Hydroxy-3-(trimethylammonio)propoxy) ethyl cellulose, chloride; Cellulose, omega-ether with ethoxylated 2-hydroxy-3-(trimethylammonio)propanol, chloride; Hydroxyethylcellulose ethoxylate, CAS NO: 68610-92-4; 81859-24-7

Polypropylene glycol 600; Methylethyl glycol; Methylethylene glycol; 1,2-Propanediol; alpha-Propylene glycol; Methyl glycol; Monopropylene glycol; PG; 1,2-Dihydroxypropane; 1,2-Propylene Glycol; 2-Hydroxypropanol; 2,3-Propanediol; Propane-1,2-diol; Trimethyl glycol; 1,2-Propylenglykol; Isopropylene glycol; cas no: 25322-69-4

Polypropylene glycol 900; Methylethyl glycol; Methylethylene glycol; 1,2-Propanediol; alpha-Propylene glycol; Methyl glycol; Monopropylene glycol; PG; 1,2-Dihydroxypropane; 1,2-Propylene Glycol; 2-Hydroxypropanol; 2,3-Propanediol; Propane-1,2-diol; Trimethyl glycol; 1,2-Propylenglykol; Isopropylene glycol; cas no: 25322-69-4

PRAYLEV Pyro, also known as sodium acid pyrophosphate or disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, is a chemical compound with the formula Na2H2P2O7.
PRAYLEV Pyro consists of sodium cations (Na+) and dihydrogen pyrophosphate anions (H2P2O2−7).
PRAYLEV Pyro is a white, water-soluble solid that serves as a buffering and chelating agent, with many applications in the food industry.

CAS Number: 7758-16-9
Molecular Formula: H5NaO7P2
Molecular Weight: 201.97
EINECS Number: 231-835-0

Synonyms: 7758-16-9, Disodium diphosphate, Sodium acid pyrophosphate, Disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, H5WVD9LZUD, disodium;[hydroxy(oxido)phosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate, MFCD00014246, Disodium acid pyrophosphate, Dinatriumpyrophosphat, Disodiumpytophosphate, Dinatriumpyrophosphat [German], Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, Disodium dihydrogenpyrophosphate, HSDB 377, Pyrophosphoric acid, disodium salt, UNII-H5WVD9LZUD, Sodium pyrophosphate (Na2H2P2O7), EINECS 231-835-0, Sodium diphosphate dibasic, disodium pyrophosphate 2-, disodium hydrogen (hydrogen phosphonatooxy)phosphonate, Grahamsches salz, Glassy sodium phosphate, DSSTox_CID_8842, sodium dihydrogendiphosphate, EC 231-835-0, DSSTox_RID_78658, DSSTox_GSID_28842, SODIUMACIDPYROPHOSPHATE, Sodium pyrophosphate, dibasic, Sodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, CHEMBL3184949, EINECS 272-808-3, Tox21_200813, DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [HSDB], DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [INCI], DISODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [VANDF], AKOS015916169, AKOS024418779, SODIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE [MI], Diphosphoric acid, sodium salt (1:2), SODIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE [FCC], NCGC00258367-01, SODIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE [VANDF], CAS-68915-31-1, di-sodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate anhydrous.

PRAYLEV Pyro is a polyvalent anion with a high affinity for polyvalent cations, e.g. Ca2+.
PRAYLEV Pyro is produced by heating sodium dihydrogen phosphate: 2 NaH2PO4 → Na2H2P2O7 + H2O
PRAYLEV Pyro, disodium diphosphate, acidic sodium pyrophosphate, Na2H2P2O7, Mr 221.97, d 2.31.

Its solubility in water is 13g Na2H2P2O7/100g H2O at 20 °C, and 20g at 80°C.
The pH of a 1% aqueous solution is 4.1.
The usual commercial product is the anhydrous, nonhygroscopic salt in powder form.

The pyrophosphate ion is formed by two phosphate groups linked together.
In addition to its use in food applications, disodium pyrophosphate finds utility in various industrial processes, such as in water treatment to prevent scale formation and in metal plating baths as a buffering agent.
PRAYLEV Pyro's important to note that while disodium pyrophosphate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices, excessive consumption may lead to health concerns, particularly in individuals with certain medical conditions.

Amyloid precursor protein α is an α-secretase-cleaved soluble protein that has been shown to have neuroprotective properties.
PRAYLEV Pyro is derived from amyloid precursor protein.
The protein consists of 612 amino acids.

The hexahydrate, Na2H2P2O7.6H2O, d 1.85, crystallizes from aqueous solution below 27 °C.
Several G protein-coupled receptors are known to activate α-secretase-dependent processing of APP.
PRAYLEV Pyro has neuroprotective, neurogenic and neurotrophic functions.

PRAYLEV Pyro precursor protein a also stimulates gene expression and protein expression.
PRAYLEV Pyro is a popular leavening agent found in baking powders.
PRAYLEV Pyro combines with sodium bicarbonate to release carbon dioxide: Na2H2P2O7 + NaHCO3 → Na3HP2O7 + CO2 + H2O

PRAYLEV Pyro is available in a variety of grades that affect the speed of its action.
Because the resulting phosphate residue has an off-taste, SAPP is usually used in very sweet cakes which mask the off-taste.
PRAYLEV Pyro in baking powder, New Zealand, 1950s, Disodium pyrophosphate and other sodium and potassium polyphosphates are widely used in food processing; in the E number scheme, they are collectively designated as E450, with the disodium form designated as E450(a).

In the United States, PRAYLEV Pyro is classified as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for food use.
In canned seafood, it is used to maintain color and reduce purge during retorting.
Retorting achieves microbial stability with heat.

PRAYLEV Pyro is an acid source for reaction with baking soda to leaven baked goods.
In baking powder, it is often labeled as food additive E450.
In cured meats, it speeds the conversion of sodium nitrite to nitrite (NO−2) by forming the nitrous acid (HONO) intermediate, and can improve water-holding capacity.

PRAYLEV Pyro is also found in frozen hash browns and other potato products, where it is used to keep the color of the potatoes from darkening.
PRAYLEV Pyro can leave a slightly bitter aftertaste in some products, but "the SAPP taste can be masked by using sufficient baking soda and by adding a source of calcium ions, sugar, or flavorings.
PRAYLEV Pyro is a chemical added to foods, cosmetics, and other products.

PRAYLEV Pyro’s useful as a preservative and a flavor enhancer, among other things.
This artificial type of salt is made from the elements sodium and phosphorus.
Chemists create PRAYLEV Pyro in a lab.

They break down naturally-occurring phosphate rock and combine it with sulfuric acid and other substances.
Some foods like legumes and wheat products naturally have similar phosphates.
Processed foods usually have much higher levels of disodium phosphate as an additive.

PRAYLEV Pyro is a chemical additive and preservative.
PRAYLEV Pyro has many aliases.
PRAYLEV Pyro also is known as disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate and disodium pyrophosphate.

It also has the name sodium acid pyrophosphate.
This chemical is an odorless white powder and, because it has a valance of greater than two, it can bond to many other chemicals.
PRAYLEV Pyro can covert sodium nitrite into nitrogen dioxide.

PRAYLEV Pyro is a colorless or yellowish hydrophilic salt that is a meat preservative and an antidote for cyanide poisoning.
PRAYLEV Pyro can widen blood vessels as well.
Nitrogen dioxide is a strongly oxidizing, poisonous reddish-brown gas.

This is one area in which conversion to another substance is not needed
PRAYLEV Pyro either colors food or prevents discoloration.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used to color hot dogs in their packaging.

PRAYLEV Pyro also is used in commercially packaged hash browns to prevent the potato from oxidizing and browning.
It is a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) substance in the use of food, but there are warnings of excessive use because it may lead to imbalanced levels of minerals in the body and bone loss.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in canned seafood to retain color and to prevent decomposition during transport from the production plant to stores.

PRAYLEV Pyro also is used as a leavening agent for different kinds of breads.
A leavening agent is a substance that acts like yeast to make bread rise.
PRAYLEV Pyro is a buffering agent and a Lewis base, a base that gives away electrons, drawing it near to other compounds.

PRAYLEV Pyro neutralizes other substances.
PRAYLEV Pyro also has industrial uses.
It can remove iron stains and stabilize hydrogen peroxide.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used to clean the machine used in dairy farms.
PRAYLEV Pyro also is used to remove hair from pigs and feathers from poultry before they are led to slaughter.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in making plastics, too.

Phosphates like PRAYLEV Pyro are derived from the element phosphorus.
They’re used to enhance food characteristics like nutritional value and cooking performance.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in packaged foods, including macaroni and pastas.

PRAYLEV Pyro’s also used in some cheeses as an emulsifier.
PRAYLEV Pyro is a white crystalline powder or melt.
PRAYLEV Pyro can function as an improver, pH regulator, metal ion chelating agent, binder, leavening agent, color modifier, and be used to make biscuits, bread, meat products, and to peel fruits and vegetables, etc.

It can be jointly used as a chelating agent with other phosphates and has strong water retention capacity on meat, but it cannot be used alone because it is acid.
When PRAYLEV Pyro is added to the leavening agent in a certain proportion, the emission rate of carbon dioxide can be controlled and therefore loose texture bread and pastry products are produced.
White or colorless crystalline free flowing solid, efflorescent in air, easily soluble in water, but insoluble in alcohol, its water solution is slightly alkaline, relative density at 1.52 g/cm3, melting point at 35ºC.

PRAYLEV Pyro, SAPP, can be used in leather processing to remove iron stains from raw hides during processing.
PRAYLEV Pyro, SAPP, can stabilize the hydrogen peroxide solution against reduction.
PRAYLEV Pyro / SAPP can be used with sulfamic acid for cleaning, especially soapstone removal in specific dairy.

In oil production, PRAYLEV Pyro can be used as a dispersant for oil well drilling mud.
In leather treatment, PRAYLEV Pyro /Disodium diphosphate can remove iron stains on hides during processing.
PRAYLEV Pyro /Disodium diphosphate can stabilize hydrogen peroxide solutions against reduction.

PRAYLEV Pyro can be used with sulfamic acid in some dairy applications for cleaning, es remove soapstone.
When added to scalding water, it facilitates the removal of hair and scurf in hog slaughter and feathers and scurf in poultry sla Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate can be used as a dispersant in oil well drilling muds in petroleum production.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in cat foods as a palatability additive.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a tartar control agent in toothpaste.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in industrial contexts, particularly in water treatment opera to the culinary world.
Because of its ability to sequester metal ions, it can effectively prevent corrosion and scale formation in increasing their longevity and operational efficiency.

PRAYLEV Pyro, also named sodium acid pyrophosphate, is a white powder or granular.
Relative density 1.86g/cm3; Soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol; If its aqueous solution is heated together with diluted inorganic acid, disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate will be hydrolyzed into phosphoric acid; It is hygroscopic, and when absorbing humidity it will become into a product with hexahydrate; If sodium acid pyrophosphate is heated at a temperature above 220℃, it will be decomposed into sodium metaphosphate.

PRAYLEV Pyro, also known as sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP), has several applications in various industries.
PRAYLEV Pyro is widely used as a food additive in bakery products, such as bread, cakes, and pastries.
PRAYLEV Pyro acts as a leavening agent, helping to create a lighter texture by releasing carbon dioxide gas during baking.

PRAYLEV Pyro is also used in biscuits and cakes to reduce fermenting time and extend product storage.
When applied to instant noodles, it can shorten water resetting time and avoid the stickiness and mushiness of the noodles.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a pH regulator, emulsifier, and texture modifier in various processed food products.

PRAYLEV Pyro helps control acidity or alkalinity, improve shelf life, and enhance texture and appearance.
PRAYLEV Pyro is utilized in the meat industry as a meat tenderizer and as a color stabilizer in cured meat products, such as sausages and hams.
PRAYLEV Pyro helps improve water retention and maintain desirable color.

PRAYLEV Pyro is found in toothpaste and mouthwash.
It serves as a tartar control agent, helping to prevent the formation of tartar or dental calculus on teeth.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in certain water treatment processes, particularly in the prevention of scale formation.

It can help inhibit the deposition of calcium and magnesium ions, reducing the potential for scaling in pipes and equipment.
PRAYLEV Pyro is employed in various industrial processes, such as metal treatment and detergent formulations.
PRAYLEV Pyro assists as a dispersing agent, chelating agent, and emulsifier in these applications.

Colorless transparent glass-like block or sheet. Soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents.
Strong hygroscopicity, in warm water, acid or alkali solution easily hydrolyzed to orthophosphate.
Melting point 616 C (decomposition), relative density (d2020)2.484.

PRAYLEV Pyro should be stored in a dry and ventilate warehouse, kept away from moisture and hot.
Furthermore, PRAYLEV Pyro should be stored separately from poisonous substances.
Unload with care as to avoid damage to packing.

Above this temperature, PRAYLEV Pyro is converted to the anhydrous form.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a (tropically stable) acid carrier in baking powder, for improvement of flow properties in flour, for pH regulation, and in dental care products for prevention of tartar formation.
PRAYLEV Pyro gene is mapped to human chromosome 21q21.3.

PRAYLEV Pyro encodes a integral membrane protein.
APPα is a soluble protein generated by sequential cleavage with α and γ secretase.
PRAYLEV Pyro is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water.

Its chemical structure consists of two sodium ions (Na+) and a pyrophosphate ion (P2O7^4-).
When crystallized from water, it forms a hexahydrate, but it dehydrates above room temperature.
Additionally, PRAYLEV Pyro is used in various other food products like processed meats, canned seafood, and potato products to control acidity and maintain moisture.

PRAYLEV Pyro has a sodium acid pyrophosphate food grade and an appearance of hygroscopic white powder without foreign matters.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a leavening agent for bakery.
PRAYLEV Pyro has a sodium acid pyrophosphate food grade and an appearance of hygroscopic white powder without foreign matters.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a leavening agent for bakery.
PRAYLEV Pyro or sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na2H2P2O7.

PRAYLEV Pyro is commonly used in the food industry as a leavening agent, buffering agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer.
PRAYLEV Pyro helps dough rise by releasing carbon dioxide gas when mixed with water and an alkaline ingredient, such as baking soda.

Melting point: decomposes 220℃ [MER06]
Density (hexahydrate): 1.86
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
storage temp.: -70°C
solubility: H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: white powder
color: White to Off-White
PH: 3.5-4.5 (20℃, 0.1M in H2O, freshly prepared)
Water Solubility: Fully miscible in water. Insoluble in alcohol and ammonia.
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.11
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.09
Merck: 13,8643
Stability: Stable.
InChI: InChI=1S/Na.H4O7P2.H/c;1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6;/h;(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6);
InChIKey: IQTFITJCETVNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: O(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O.[NaH]
LogP:-3.420 (est)

PRAYLEV Pyro is a helpful emulsifier for dairy products and other foods.
Cheese, whipped cream, milk, and other dairy products have unique textures and consistencies because of disodium phosphate.
This is a chemical that helps to bind fats and water together.

Fats don’t mix with many other liquids without help.
Emulsifiers have a chemical structure that helps them mix.
Many foods have PRAYLEV Pyro-containing additives to enhance their flavor.

A food’s pH level (or level of acidity) can affect its nutritional value, color, and other characteristics.
Canning or using jars can alter foods’ pH levels.
PRAYLEV Pyro can help control a food’s pH level throughout the production process.

PRAYLEV Pyro is added to rennet casein as a food preservative and to make certain foods edible.
PRAYLEV Pyro is the lining of cattle stomach (tripe) used for curdling milk.
Casein is a phosphoprotein of milk.

PRAYLEV Pyro is produced when rennet curdles milk.
PRAYLEV Pyro also makes milk curdle or coagulate and is used as a principal substance in making cheese.
PRAYLEV Pyro ,Disodium phosphate(DSP),Trisodium phosphate(TSP) all could be used for boiler water treatment.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used as control of anode corrosion,DSP is as control of alkali corrosion ,TSP is as softer of calcium and magnesium ion precipitation.
PRAYLEV Pyro is with the largest usage.
PRAYLEV Pyro and DSP keep proper alkali value and prevent more hydroxide ion.

PRAYLEV Pyro is to prevent calcium and magnesium precipitation.
From phosphate protective film inside boiler to prevent corrosion.
PRAYLEV Pyro is adapted for water hardness more than 4mmol/L,or evaporation more than 4t/h,or water hardness less than 1.5mmol and SiO2 content more than 30%.the combination of
DSP,TSP and MSP could keep the PH value of boiler water in a best range,and together with moderate dispersing agent could control the potential settings.

The ingredients list on a package of meat or frozen food may seem riddled with strange chemicals.
Most of them have long names that sound intimidating.
PRAYLEV Pyro's disturbing to think that eating chemicals with your food, and not just the food itself — but these chemicals aren't all dangerous.

Eaten in modest amounts, chemicals like sodium acid pyrophosphate are safe.
White monoclinic crystal powder.
Its relative density is 1.86.

PRAYLEV Pyro is soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol.
It hydrolyzes to orthophosphate when heated in acid medium.
PRAYLEV Pyro is hygroscopic, forms hexahydrate in damp air, and decomposes to metaphosphate at above 220ºC

In food processing industry, PRAYLEV Pyro is used as buffering, swelling agent, chelae agent, stabilizers, emulsifier, and color improver.
PRAYLEV Pyro is stable under normal conditions but can decompose when exposed to high temperatures, releasing phosphorus oxides and sodium oxide.
Apart from its role as a leavening agent in baking, PRAYLEV Pyro is also utilized in various food products such as canned seafood to maintain color and texture, in dairy products to enhance emulsification, and in potato products to prevent discoloration and maintain texture.

In food processing, it acts as a pH regulator, helping to stabilize the acidity or alkalinity of a product.
This is crucial for maintaining the desired taste, texture, and shelf-life of foods.
While generally considered safe for consumption, PRAYLEV Pyro should be used in moderation. Excessive intake may lead to potential health risks, including disturbances in calcium metabolism.

Regulatory bodies like the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) set limits on its usage in food products to ensure safety.
Beyond food applications, disodium pyrophosphate has industrial applications as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and dispersing agent.
PRAYLEV Pyro is also employed in the synthesis of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

PRAYLEV Pyro, like many phosphates, can contribute to eutrophication when released into water bodies in excessive amounts.
Both sodium and phosphorus can help extend foods’ shelf life.
Some of the first instances of preserving and curing food used salt.

PRAYLEV Pyro is also helpful in canning food since it prevents metal from rusting.
Processed foods often have additives that strengthen their flavor and make them more savory.

Uses:
PRAYLEV Pyro can stabilize hydrogen peroxide solutions against reduction.
PRAYLEV Pyro can be used with sulfamic acid in some dairy applications for cleaning, especially to remove soapstone.
When added to scalding water, it facilitates removal of hair and scurf in hog slaughter and feathers and scurf in poultry slaughter.

In petroleum production, it can be used as a dispersant in oil well drilling muds.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in cat foods as a palatability additive.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a buffering agent in metal plating baths to regulate pH levels and improve plating efficiency.

PRAYLEV Pyro serves as a dispersing agent in dyeing and printing processes, aiding in the even distribution of dyes and pigments on fabrics.
PRAYLEV Pyro is employed in the oil and gas industry as a component of drilling fluids to control viscosity and inhibit corrosion.
PRAYLEV Pyro may have applications in pharmaceutical formulations as a pH regulator, stabilizer, or buffering agent in certain medications and topical preparations.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used in analytical chemistry techniques for various purposes, including as a reagent in the determination of certain ions or as a calibration standard in spectroscopic methods.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a clay stabilizer and shale inhibitor in drilling fluids to prevent swelling and dispersion of clay particles, thus improving wellbore stability and drilling efficiency.
It finds application in the ceramics industry as a dispersing agent and flux in ceramic glazes and bodies.

PRAYLEV Pyro helps control viscosity, improve flow properties, and enhance the bonding of ceramic materials during firing.
PRAYLEV Pyro is sometimes employed in wastewater treatment processes to aid in the removal of heavy metals through precipitation or chelation, thereby reducing environmental pollution.
In the paper industry, it is utilized as a paper coating additive to improve printability, smoothness, and ink adhesion.

PRAYLEV Pyro also acts as a dispersant for pigments and fillers, enhancing the uniform distribution of particles in paper pulp.
PRAYLEV Pyro may be used in the production of construction materials such as plasterboard and cementitious products as a setting retarder or accelerator, depending on specific formulation requirements.
In addition to fire retardants, disodium pyrophosphate is incorporated into the formulation of flame-retardant textiles, coatings, and plastics to enhance their fire resistance properties and reduce the risk of ignition or spread of flames.

PRAYLEV Pyro serves as a finishing agent in textile processing to improve the hand feel, drape, and wrinkle resistance of fabrics.
PRAYLEV Pyro can also aid in the removal of sizing agents and other impurities from textiles during wet processing.
PRAYLEV Pyro is utilized in biomedical research for various applications, including cell culture media formulations, protein purification, and enzyme assays, owing to its buffering capacity and compatibility with biological systems.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a tartar control agent in toothpastes.
In food industry, PRAYLEV Pyro is used as rapid ferment agent, quality improver and applied as acid component of bread and cake's synthetic leavening agent.
Mixed with other phosphates can be applied to water retention of meat products, such as canned meat, cooked ham, meat can and instant noodle.

PRAYLEV Pyro is commonly used as a food additive for various purposes:
PRAYLEV Pyro helps dough rise in baking by releasing carbon dioxide gas when mixed with water and an alkaline ingredient, such as baking soda.
PRAYLEV Pyro helps control acidity and pH levels in processed foods, preventing undesirable changes in taste and texture.

PRAYLEV Pyro aids in the uniform mixing of ingredients that would otherwise separate, such as in processed cheese and sauces.
PRAYLEV Pyro helps maintain the texture, moisture, and consistency of food products, extending their shelf life.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in water treatment processes to prevent scale formation in pipes and equipment.

It chelates calcium and magnesium ions, preventing them from precipitating and forming scale deposits.
PRAYLEV Pyro is a leavening agent, preservative, sequestrant, and buffer which is mildly acidic with a ph of 4.1.
PRAYLEV Pyro is moderately soluble in water, with a solubility of 15 g in 100 ml at 25°c.

PRAYLEV Pyro is included in household and industrial cleaning formulations as a chelating agent to bind with metal ions in hard water, improving the effectiveness of detergents and reducing scaling on surfaces.
In some applications, PRAYLEV Pyro is used as a component of fire-retardant coatings and materials due to its ability to release water molecules when exposed to heat, thereby cooling and retarding the spread of flames.

PRAYLEV Pyro is employed in electroplating processes as an additive to electrolyte solutions to help regulate pH levels and improve the quality of metal coatings by reducing defects such as pitting and burning.
In the oil and gas industry, PRAYLEV Pyro is used in well stimulation treatments to prevent the precipitation of calcium and magnesium salts, which can impede the flow of oil and gas through the reservoir.
PRAYLEV Pyro serves as a reagent in laboratory experiments and chemical analyses, particularly in protocols requiring the chelation of metal ions or the adjustment of pH levels.

PRAYLEV Pyro has historical use in photographic development processes as a buffering agent and pH regulator to control the chemical reactions involved in film and print development.
PRAYLEV Pyro Dibasic is anhydrous form, pyrophosphate salt used in buffers.
In leather treatment, PRAYLEV Pyro can be used to remove iron stains on hides during processing.

It is used in doughnuts and biscuits for its variable gas release rate during the mixing, bench action, and baking process.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in baking powder as a leavening agent.
PRAYLEV Pyro is used in canned fish products to reduce the level of undesired struvite crystals (magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate) by complexing the magnesium.

PRAYLEV Pyro is used to sequester metals in processed potatoes.
PRAYLEV Pyro is also termed sapp, sodium acid pyrophosphate, acid sodium pyrophosphate, disodium diphosphate, and disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate.

PRAYLEV Pyro is utilized in personal care products such as toothpaste, mouthwash, and cosmetics as a buffering agent, pH adjuster, and emulsifier.
In toothpaste, PRAYLEV Pyro can help remove calcium and magnesium ions from saliva, preventing them from depositing on teeth as tartar.

Safety Profile:
An irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.
When heated to decomposition PRAYLEV Pyro emits toxic fumes of POx, and Na2O.

Poison by intravenous route.
Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes.

SYNONYMS Pregabalin; (S)-3-(Aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid;(R-)-3-Isobutyl GABA; 3-Isobutyl GABA; (3S)-3-(Aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid; Lyrica; cas no:148553-50-8

PREVENTOL BIT 20 D = BENZISOTHIAZOLINONE = BIT


CAS Number: 2634-33-5
EC Number: 220-120-9
MDL Number: MFCD00127753
Chemical formula: C7H5NOS



Preventol BIT 20 D is aqueous dispersion of 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT).
Preventol BIT 20 D is formaldehyde- & halogen-free, in-can preservative based on benzisothiazolinone.
Aqueous, alkaline solution of Preventol BIT 20 D.
Preventol BIT 20 D is VOC- and solvent-free.


Preventol BIT 20 D is VOC-, AOX-, formaldehyde- & solvent-free, in-can preservative based on benzisothiazolinone.
The shelf life of Preventol BIT 20 D is one year.
Preventol BIT 20 D is a water-based, solvent- and VOC-free dispersion.
Preventionol BIT 20 D is a commonly used biocide in industrial and consumer products, which possesses antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria.


Preventol BIT 20 D is mainly used in packaging, adhesives, detergents, disinfectants, sunscreen lotions, paints and lubricants.
This biocide Preventol BIT 20 D does not appear to have been extensively studied and hence little data is available.
Data suggests Preventol BIT 20 D has a low aqueous solubility and is rapidly broken down in the environment.
Preventol BIT 20 D has outstanding stability combined with low volatility.
Preventol BIT 20 D is an antimicrobial agent and a pharmaceutical intermediate.


Preventol BIT 20 D is Soluble in dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol.
Preventol BIT 20 D is an organic compound with the formula C6H4SN(H)CO.
A white solid, Preventol BIT 20 D is structurally related to isothiazole, and is part of a class of molecules called isothiazolinones.
Preventol BIT 20 D possesses good thermal and chemical stability.
The shelf life of Preventol BIT 20 D is two years.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
Preventol BIT 20 D is used Adhesives & Sealants, Architectural coatings, Concrete Admixtures, Construction material, Crop Protection, Detergents, Finishing of metals, Industrial Preservation, Metal Working Fluids (180520), Paints & Coatings In-Can Preservation, Polymer Emulsions, and Preservatives for metal-working fluids (193003)
The fraction in adhesives, sealants, plasters and fillers was shown at that time as 25%.
A later study in 2014 shows a dramatic rise in usage, to 95.8% of house paints.


Home cleaning and other care products that are high in water are easily contaminated by microorganisms, so Preventol BIT 20 D is often used as a preservative in these products because they are good at combatting a broad array of bacteria, fungi, and yeasts.
A Swiss investigation found that Preventol BIT 20 D is used in concentrations between 50 and 500 ppm in tattooing ink.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used Antimicrobial agent.
Preventol BIT 20 D is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions, such as pastes, paints and cutting oils.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used preservative in cooling fluids, paints, adhesives paper and in the textile industry


Preventol BIT 20 D has been widely used in high concentrations for microbial growth control in many domestic and industrial processes, its potential eco-risk should be assessed.
Preventol BIT 20 D is a commonly used biocide in industrial and consumer products, which possesses antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
Preventol BIT 20 D is mainly used in packaging, adhesives, detergents, disinfectants, sunscreen lotions, paints and lubricants.
Preventol BIT 20 D is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions, such as pastes, paints and cutting oils.


Preventol BIT 20 D has been widely used in high concentrations for microbial growth control in many domestic.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used for the preservation of aqueous coatings, polymer dispersions, plasters, synthetic adhesives or cleaners and detergents.
Preventol BIT 20 D has Broad spectrum of activity covering bacteria, mould and yeasts.
Typical concentrations in products are 200–400 ppm depending on the application area and the combination with other biocides.


Preventol BIT 20 D also is active against bacteria and fungi, especially in highly alkaline environments.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used as a preservative in emulsion paints, varnishes, adhesives, washing agents, fuels and in the papermaking process.
In paints, Preventol BIT 20 D is commonly used as a mixture with methylisothiazolinone.
Preventol BIT 20 D is also used to preserve a variety of water-based process liquids, including metal-working fluids, oil-field fluids and injection water, textile solutions, pesticide emulsions, and mineral slurries and coatings used in paper mills.


In paints, Preventol BIT 20 D is commonly used alone or as a mixture with methylisothiazolinone.
Typical concentrations in products are 200–400 ppm depending on the application area and the combination with other biocides.
According to a study in Switzerland, 19% of the paints, varnishes and coatings contained BIT in 2000.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used as an eco friendly, biodegradable, long term and reliable preservative agent against the microbial activities in the painting industry, building industry presently. Therefore, preventol may be effective in controlling the microbial activities in crepe rubber too.


Preventol BIT 20 D is used biocides safely.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used for the preservation of aqueous coatings.
Preventol BIT 20 D is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial.
Preventol BIT 20 D has a microbicide and a fungicide mode of action.
Preventol BIT 20 D is widely used biocide that inhibits bacterial growth and spoilage.


Preventol BIT 20 D is widely used as a preservative, for example in: emulsion paints, caulks, varnishes, adhesives, inks, and photographic processing solutions home cleaning and car care products; laundry detergents, stain removers and fabric softeners; industrial settings, for example in textile spin-finish solutions, leather processing solutions, preservation of fresh animal hides and skins agriculture in pesticide formulations gas and oil drilling in muds and packer fluids preservation.
Preventol BIT 20 D is also marketed as a mixture with other isothiazolinone-based biocides.


Preventol BIT 20 D offers broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mold fungi and yeasts.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used Adhesives & Sealants, Architectural coatings, Concrete Admixtures, Construction material, Crop Protection, Detergents, Finishing of metals, Industrial Preservation, Metal Working Fluids (180520), Paints & Coatings In-Can Preservatio, Polymer Emulsions, and Preservatives for metal-working fluids (193003).
Preventol BIT 20 D is used For the preservation of aqueous technical preparations such as polymer dispersions, aqueous coatings, plasters, synthetic adhesives, pigment slurries, concrete additives, or cleaners and detergents.


Preventol BIT 20 D is used biocides safely.
Preventol BIT 20 D offers broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mold fungi and yeasts.
Preventol BIT 20 D provides high alkaline stability up to more than pH 10 and processing temperature up to atleast 100°C.
Preventol BIT 20 D contains no organic solvents and makes no contribution to VOC content of the protected product.
This aqueous formulation possesses good stability.


Preventol BIT 20 D is used for the preservation of aqueous coatings.
Preventol BIT 20 D provides high alkaline stability, can even be used at very high pH values (>10).
Also, Preventol BIT 20 D displays outstanding thermal stability combined with low volatility.
Preventol BIT 20 D is free of organic solvent and is suitable for low-emission paints for interior applications.
Preventol BIT 20 D is used Broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mould and yeasts.



BASIC PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
*broad-spectrum and fast-acting protection
*excellent efficiency at low concentration
*free of VOCs and solvents



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
Appearance: Liquid
Molecular Weight： 151.18600
Exact Mass： 151.19
Color/Form： Off-white to yellowish solid|White to off-white fine, crystalline powder.
PSA： 61.10000
XLogP3： 1.58960
Appearance： Liquid
Density： 1.367g/cm3

Melting Point： 157-158 °C
Boiling Point： 204.5ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point： 77.5ºC
Refractive Index： 1.66
Water Solubility： soluble in dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol.
Storage Conditions： Keep tightly closed.
Vapor Pressure： 0.183mmHg at 25°C
Henrys Law Constant： Henry's Law constant = 5X10-10 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)
Experimental Properties： Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.7X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)



FIRST AID MEASURES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
-If inhaled :
Maintain open airway.
Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
-In case of skin contact :
In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 30 minutes.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
-In case of eye contact :
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing.
-If swallowed :
Rinse mouth with water.
Give small amounts of water to drink.
Maintain open airway.
Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Put on appropriate personal protection equipment.
-Environmental precautions :
Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Do not allow into the sewerage system, surface waters or groundwater or into the soil.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
-Suitable extinguishing media :
In case of fire, use water spray (fog), foam or dry chemical.
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
-Unsuitable extinguishing media:
None known.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
-Personal protective equipment:
*Hand protection:
Material : Permeation resistant gloves.
Material : PVC
*Eye protection :
Tightly fitting safety goggles or Face-shield
*Skin and body protection :
Permeation resistant clothing and foot protection.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
-Advice on safe handling :
Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking.
Put on appropriate personal protection equipment.
-Conditions for safe storage :
Store in accordance with local regulations.
Keep container closed when not in use.
Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Do not store in unlabeled containers.
Do not reuse container.
-Recommended storage temperature: > 23 °F (> -5 °C)



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PREVENTOL BIT 20 D:
-Chemical stability :
The product is chemically stable.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No dangerous reaction known under conditions of normal use.
-Materials to avoid :
No data available
-Hazardous decomposition products:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
BIT
Aqueous alkaline solution of Benzisothiazolinone
Canguard BIT 20DPG
Proxel BD 20
Proxel XL
Proxel BD
Canguard BIT 20AS-E
Proxel AQ
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one
BIT 20, GXL
Parmetol B 70
Denicide BIT
Proxel Ultra 5
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
Koralone B 119
BIT 10W, Benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one
Nuosept 491
Proxel Press Paste D
Nuosept 485
Acticide BW 20
Proxel GXL
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
Benzisothiazolone
AQ
Benzisothiazolin-3-one
Denicide BIT 20N
Mergal 753
Nipacide BIT 20
Proxel BDN
Proxel HL 2
Parmetol D 11
Benzisothiazolinone
Apizas AP-DS
SD 202
Proxel PL
Acticide BIT
AQ (antibacterial)
Benzoisothiazol-3-one
2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one
Acticide B 20N
Bioban BIT 20DPG
Rocima 640
Nipacide BIT
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
Nuosept 495
Proxel LV-S
Proxel LV
Troysan 1050
Canguard BIT
Benzocil
Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE
Proxel CF
Nipacide BIT 10W
Proxel TN
Topcide 600
San-aibac AP
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (6CI,7CI,8CI)
Preventol BIT 20D
BIT
Proxel GXL(S)
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
Proxel PL
Proxel Press Paste
Proxel XL 2
Proxel AB
Proxel GXL
Topcide 600
San-aibac AP
Proxel BDN
Proxel BD 20
1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one
XBINX
Proxel BD
Benzisothiazolone
Proxel CF
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one
Proxel TN
Bestcide 200K
Parmetol B 70
BIT
Proxel LV-S
Proxel Press Paste D
Apizas AP-DS
Proxel HL 2
Benzocil
Denicide BIT
SD 202
Nuosept 495
Nipacide BIT 20
Nuosept 491
Nipacide BIT
Canguard BIT
Nuosept 485
SD 202 (bactericide)
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one
Denicide BIT 20N
Acticide BIT
Benzoisothiazol-3-one
Bioban BIT 20DPG
Canguard BIT 20DPG
Proxel Ultra 5
Parmetol D 11
Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE
Koralone B 119
2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one
Benzisothiazolin-3-one
GXL
Preventol BIT 20D
Troysan 1050
Acticide BW 20
BIT 20
Nipacide BIT 10W
BIT 10W
Proxel XL
AQ
AQ (antibacterial)
Proxel GXL(S)
Canguard BIT 20AS-E
Acticide B 20N
Bioban Ultra Bit
Rocima 640
Proxel LV
Proxel AQ
Benzisothiazolinone
Mergal 753
Cation BIT 20
1,2-benzothiazoline-3-one
1,2-benzothiazolin-3-one
Acticide B 20
B 20
Bioban Ultra BIT 20
Microcave BIT
Nuosept BIT Technical
Promex 20D
Colipa P 96
BIT 20LE
Proxel K
2,3-Dihydro-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
Proxel XL-II
Proxel XL 11
Biox P 520W
Nuosept 498G
P 520W
BIT 521
BIT 665
XL 2
Acticide BIT 20N
Preventol BIT 20N
AZVIII 40A
Nipacide BIT 40
Lamfix SK
40991-37-5
54392-14-2
75037-67-1
101964-01-6
552320-00-0
919284-21-2
934197-15-6
1094749-54-8
1148150-72-4
1376937-61-9
1399460-92-4
1623463-70-6
1813531-93-9
2376801-76-0
HRA0F1A4R3
2634-33-5
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
Caswell No. 079A
Caswell No. 513A
CCRIS 6369
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 098901
IPX
Proxan
1,2-Benzisothiazoline-3-one
Proxel PL
UNII-HRA0F1A4R3
Canguard BIT 20DPG
Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE
Denicide BIT
Denicide BIT 20N
GXL
Koralone B 119
Nipacide BIT
Nipacide BIT 10W
Nipacide BIT 20
Nuosept 485
Nuosept 491
Nuosept 495
Parmetol B 70
Parmetol D 11
Preventol BIT 20D
Proxel AB
Proxel BD
Proxel BD 20
Proxel BDN
Proxel CF
Benzisothiazoline-3-one
HSDB 8271
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one
2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
Acticide BIT
Acticide BW 20
Apizas AP-DS
AQ
Benzisothiazolin-3-one
Benzisothiazolone
Benzocil
Benzoisothiazol-3-one
Benzo(d)isothiazol-3(2H)-one
Bestcide 200K
Bioban BIT 20DPG
BIT
BIT 10W
BIT 20
Canguard BIT
Proxel GXL
Proxel GXL(S)
Proxel HL 2
Proxel LV-S
Proxel Press Paste
Proxel Press Paste D
Proxel TN
Proxel Ultra 5
Proxel XL
Proxel XL 2
San-aibac AP
SD 202
SD 202 (bactericide)
Topcide 600
Troysan 1050
XBINX

PREVENTOL BIT 20 N = BIT = BENZISOTHIAZOLINONE


CAS Number: 2634-33-5
EC Number: 220-120-9
MDL Number: MFCD00127753
Chemical formula: C7H5NOS



Preventol BIT 20 N is an aqueous/glycolic preparation of the biocidal active ingredient benzisothiazolinone, and has a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mold fungi and yeasts.
In the form supplied, Preventol BIT 20 N has a light-yellow to yellow color, which is particularly advantageous for applications in which the risk of discoloration must be ruled out.
Preventol BIT 20 N is an antimicrobial agent and a pharmaceutical intermediate.


Preventol BIT 20 N is Soluble in dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol.
Preventol BIT 20 N is an organic compound with the formula C6H4SN(H)CO.
A white solid, Preventol BIT 20 N is structurally related to isothiazole, and is part of a class of molecules called isothiazolinones.
The good water solubility of Preventol BIT 20 N enables simple and problem-free incorporation in the concentration ranges recommended for preservation.


Preventol BIT 20 N is an organic heterobicyclic compound based on a fused 1,2-thiazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton, with the S atom positioned adjacent to one of the positions of ring fusion.
Preventol BIT 20 N is an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound and an organic heterobicyclic compound.
Preventol BIT 20 N is a commonly used biocide in industrial and consumer products, which possesses antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria.


Preventol BIT 20 N is mainly used in packaging, adhesives, detergents, disinfectants, sunscreen lotions, paints and lubricants.
Preventol BIT 20 N does not appear to have been extensively studied and hence little data is available.
Data suggests Preventol BIT 20 N has a low aqueous solubility and is rapidly broken down in the environment.
Preventol BIT 20 N is sustained release agent Diuron, aqueous dispersion of IPBC and propiconazole.
Preventol BIT 20 N is in-can preservative based on benzisothiazolinone.


Preventol BIT 20 N possesses low volatility and good thermal stability.
The shelf life of Preventol BIT 20 N is 2 years.
Preventol BIT 20 N is aqueous-glycolic solution of 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT).
Aqueous, alkaline solution of Preventol BIT 20 N.
Preventol BIT 20 N is VOC- and solvent-free.


Preventol BIT 20 N is VOC-, AOX-, formaldehyde- & solvent-free, in-can preservative based on benzisothiazolinone.
The shelf life of Preventol BIT 20 N is one year.
Preventol BIT 20 N has a broad spectrum of activity.
Preventol BIT 20 N is a combination Min. 19 % aqueous-glycolic solution of 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT).
Preventol BIT 20 N, known as Benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one, is an organic heterobicyclic compound based on a fused 1,2-thiazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton, with the S atom positioned adjacent to one of the positions of ring fusion.


Preventol BIT 20 N has low volatility, good thermal stability, flexible use.
Preventol BIT 20 N is a preparation solution of water and alcohol whose active ingredient is benzisothiazolinone, and has a broad-spectrum effect on bacteria, molds and yeasts.
Preventol BIT 20 N is supplied in pale yellow to yellow form and is especially suitable where there is no risk of discoloration.
The good water solubility of Preventol BIT 20 N makes it easy to add at high concentrations.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
Preventol BIT 20 N is used Adhesives & Sealants, Architectural coatings, Concrete Admixtures, Construction material, Crop Protection, Detergents, Dry-Wall & Finishing, Finishing of metals, Industrial Preservation, Metal Working Fluids (180520), Paints & Coatings In-Can Preservation, Plaster, Polymer Emulsions, and Preservatives for metal-working fluids (193003).
Preventol BIT 20 N can be used over a wide pH and temperature range (up to pH 14 / T approx. 80 °C ) and thus permits broad and flexible use.


In many cases, Preventol BIT 20 N can be added at an early phase of the production process in order to benefit from the positive influence of a preservative on process hygiene right from the outset.
In this context, even if subsequent heating takes place, loss of active ingredient generally need not be anticipated due to the low volatility and good thermal stability of benzisothiazolinone.
For the purpose of achieving a reliable and uniform effect, homogeneous distribution in the products to be protected must be ensured.
This must be achieved by taking suitable measures in production (stirring, agitating, etc.).


Preventol BIT 20 N is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions, such as pastes, paints and cutting oils.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used preservative in cooling fluids, paints, adhesives paper and in the textile industry
Preventol BIT 20 N has been widely used in high concentrations for microbial growth control in many domestic and industrial processes, its potential eco-risk should be assessed.
Preventol BIT 20 N is a commonly used biocide in industrial and consumer products, which possesses antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria.


The required added quantities depend on various factors, particularly the nature and sensitivity of the product to be preserved, the pH value, the initial microbial content, the extent of expected contact with microorganisms and the envisaged duration of storage.
The quantity of biocide required can be optimized by taking additional hygienic measures during production, storage and transport of the preserved product.
Preventol BIT 20 N has a role as a disinfectant, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, an environmental contaminant, a xenobiotic, a drug allergen and a sensitiser.


Preventol BIT 20 N is used in the manufacture of algicide and fungicide coatings for exterior applications.
Preventol BIT 20 N is suitable for synthetic adhesives.
Preventol BIT 20 N is mainly used in packaging, adhesives, detergents, disinfectants, sunscreen lotions, paints and lubricants.
Preventol BIT 20 N is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions, such as pastes, paints and cutting oils.
Preventol BIT 20 N has been widely used in high concentrations for microbial growth control in many domestic.


Preventol BIT 20 N offers a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mold fungi and yeasts.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used for the preservation of aqueous coatings, polymer dispersions, plasters, synthetic adhesives, pigment slurries, concrete additives or cleaners and detergents.
Preventol BIT 20 N has a broad spectrum of activity covering bacteria, mould and yeasts.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used biocides safely.


The fraction in adhesives, sealants, plasters and fillers was shown at that time as 25%.
A later study in 2014 shows a dramatic rise in usage, to 95.8% of house paints.
Home cleaning and other care products that are high in water are easily contaminated by microorganisms, so Preventol BIT 20 N is often used as a preservative in these products because they are good at combatting a broad array of bacteria, fungi, and yeasts.
A Swiss investigation found that Preventol BIT 20 N is used in concentrations between 50 and 500 ppm in tattooing ink.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used Antimicrobial agent.


The main applications for Preventol BIT 20 N are as follows:
Aqueous coatings, Polymer dispersions, Plasters Synthetic adhesives, Pigment slurries, Concrete additives, Cleaners and Detergents
Preventol BIT 20 N is used for the preservation of aqueous technical preparations such as polymer dispersions, aqueous coatings, plasters, synthetic adhesives, pigment slurries, concrete additives, or cleaners and detergents.
Preventol BIT 20 N is an aqueous/glycolic preparation of the biocidal active ingredient benzisothiazolinone, and has a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mold fungi and yeasts.


Preventol BIT 20 N is widely used as a preservative, for example in: emulsion paints, caulks, varnishes, adhesives, inks, and photographic processing solutions home cleaning and car care products; laundry detergents, stain removers and fabric softeners; industrial settings, for example in textile spin-finish solutions, leather processing solutions, preservation of fresh animal hides and skins agriculture in pesticide formulations gas and oil drilling in muds and packer fluids preservation.
Preventol BIT 20 N is widely used biocide that inhibits bacterial growth and spoilage.
Preventol BIT 20 N is also marketed as a mixture with other isothiazolinone-based biocides.


Typical concentrations in products are 200–400 ppm depending on the application area and the combination with other biocides.
Preventol BIT 20 N also is active against bacteria and fungi, especially in highly alkaline environments.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used as a preservative in emulsion paints, varnishes, adhesives, washing agents, fuels and in the papermaking process.
In paints, Preventol BIT 20 N is commonly used as a mixture with methylisothiazolinone.
Preventol BIT 20 N is also used to preserve a variety of water-based process liquids, including metal-working fluids, oil-field fluids and injection water, textile solutions, pesticide emulsions, and mineral slurries and coatings used in paper mills.


In paints, Preventol BIT 20 N is commonly used alone or as a mixture with methylisothiazolinone.
Typical concentrations in products are 200–400 ppm depending on the application area and the combination with other biocides.
According to a study in Switzerland, 19% of the paints, varnishes and coatings contained BIT in 2000.
In the form supplied, Preventol BIT 20 N has a light-yellow to yellow color, which is particularly advantageous for applications in which the risk of discoloration must be ruled out.
The good water solubility of this preservative enables simple and problem-free incorporation in the concentration ranges recommended for preservation.


In many cases, Preventol BIT 20 N can be added at an early phase of the production process in order to benefit from the positive influence of a preservative on process hygiene right from the outset.
In this context, even if subsequent heating takes place, loss of active ingredient generally need not be anticipated due to the low volatility and good thermal stability of benzisothiazolinone.
For the purpose of achieving a reliable and uniform effect, homogeneous distribution in the products to be protected must be ensured.
This must be achieved by taking suitable measures in production (stirring, agitating, etc.).


If it is necessary to add higher concentrations (such as to metal cutting fluid concentrates), it is recommended to check Preventol BIT 20 N's compatibility experimentally in the laboratory.
The pH value and temperature range of Preventol BIT 20 N is wide (up to pH 14 and temperature about 100°C), which makes it more flexible.
Preventol BIT 20 N offers broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mold fungi and yeasts.
Preventol BIT 20 N provides high alkaline stability up to more than pH 10 and processing temperature up to atleast 100°C.


Preventol BIT 20 N contains no organic solvents and makes no contribution to VOC content of the protected product.
This aqueous formulation possesses good stability.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used for the preservation of aqueous coatings.
Preventol BIT 20 N is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial.
Preventol BIT 20 N has a microbicide and a fungicide mode of action.


In many occasions, Preventol BIT 20 N can be added at an earlier stage in the production process to exert its anti-corrosion effect as early as possible.
Even if there is a subsequent heating process, the active ingredient will not be lost due to the low volatility and good thermal stability of benzisothiazolinone.
For best results, it is recommended to ensure that the mixture is evenly mixed.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used Broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, mould and yeasts.


Preventol BIT 20 N is used for aqueous solutions, such as polymer dispersions, water-based paints, filler suspensions, synthetic adhesives, color pastes, concrete additives, metal cutting fluids or cleaning agents, detergents, etc.
Preventol BIT 20 N has a role as a disinfectant, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, an environmental contaminant, a xenobiotic, a drug allergen and a sensitiser.
It is an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound and an organic heterobicyclic compound.


Preventol BIT 20 N is used Adhesives & Sealants, Architectural coatings, Concrete Admixtures, Construction material, Crop Protection, Detergents, Finishing of metals, Industrial Preservation, Metal Working Fluids (180520), Paints & Coatings In-Can Preservatio, Polymer Emulsions, and Preservatives for metal-working fluids (193003).
Preventol BIT 20 N is used For the preservation of aqueous technical preparations such as polymer dispersions, aqueous coatings, plasters, synthetic adhesives, pigment slurries, concrete additives, or cleaners and detergents.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used biocides safely.


Preventol BIT 20 Nv is used for the formulation of aqueous wood preservatives, anti-blue-stain agents, primers and wood stains.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used for the formulation of other water-based fungicidal and algaecidal coatings.
Preventol BIT 20 N is used as a fungicide in adhesives, cutting oils, inks, plastics, textiles, canvas and cordage, provided the solvents are suitable.
Preventol BIT 20 N is particularly effective against blue-staining fungi and mould.



BASIC PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
*broad-spectrum and fast-acting protection
*excellent efficiency at low concentration
*free of VOCs and solvents



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
Appearance : liquid
Color : clear, amber
Odor : odorless
Odor Threshold : No data available
pH : 10 - 13
Concentration: 100 %
Melting point/range : -27 °F (-33 °C)
Boiling point/boiling range : 212 °F (100 °C)
Flash point : 280.00 °F (137.78 °C)
Method: open cup
Evaporation rate : No data available
Flammability (solid, gas) : No data available
Upper explosion limit / Upper
flammability limit : No data available

Lower explosion limit : No data available
Vapor pressure : 14.25 mmHg (68 °F (20 °C))
48.75 mmHg (122 °F (50 °C))
56.25 mmHg (131 °F (55 °C))
Relative vapor density : No data available
Relative density : No data available
Density : 1.144 g/cm³ (68 °F (20 °C))
Solubility(ies)
Water solubility : partly soluble
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water: No data available
Ignition temperature : 707 °F (375 °C)
Decomposition temperature : No data available

Viscosity, kinematic : 124 mm2/s (68 °F (20 °C))
Explosive properties : No data available
Oxidizing properties : No data available
Metal corrosion rate : Not corrosive to metals.
Density (20 °C): approx. 1.14 g/cm3
Vapour pressure (20 °C): 19 mbar (50 °C): 65 mbar
Boiling point: 103 °C
Flash point: undetermined (aqueous system)
pH (10 %): approx. 10.7
Viscosity (20 °C): approx. 268 mPas
Solubility: miscible with water in any ratio
Ignition temperature: 375 °C



FIRST AID MEASURES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
-If inhaled :
Maintain open airway.
Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
-In case of skin contact :
In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 30 minutes.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
-In case of eye contact :
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing.
-If swallowed :
Rinse mouth with water.
Give small amounts of water to drink.
Maintain open airway.
Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Put on appropriate personal protection equipment.
-Environmental precautions :
Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Do not allow into the sewerage system, surface waters or groundwater or into the soil.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
-Suitable extinguishing media :
In case of fire, use water spray (fog), foam or dry chemical.
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
-Unsuitable extinguishing media:
None known.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
-Personal protective equipment:
*Hand protection:
Material : Permeation resistant gloves.
Material : PVC
*Eye protection :
Tightly fitting safety goggles or Face-shield
*Skin and body protection :
Permeation resistant clothing and foot protection.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
-Advice on safe handling :
Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking.
Put on appropriate personal protection equipment.
-Conditions for safe storage :
Store in accordance with local regulations.
Keep container closed when not in use.
Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Do not store in unlabeled containers.
Do not reuse container.
-Recommended storage temperature: > 23 °F (> -5 °C)



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PREVENTOL BIT 20 N:
-Chemical stability :
The product is chemically stable.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No dangerous reaction known under conditions of normal use.
-Materials to avoid :
No data available
-Hazardous decomposition products:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Canguard BIT 20DPG
Proxel BD 20
Proxel XL
Proxel BD
Canguard BIT 20AS-E
Proxel AQ
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one
BIT 20, GXL
Parmetol B 70
Denicide BIT
Proxel Ultra 5
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
Koralone B 119
BIT 10W
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one
Nuosept 491
Proxel Press Paste D
Nuosept 485
Acticide BW 20
Proxel GXL
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
Benzisothiazolone
AQ
Benzisothiazolin-3-one
Denicide BIT 20N
Mergal 753
Nipacide BIT 20
Proxel BDN
Proxel HL 2
Parmetol D 11
Benzisothiazolinone
Apizas AP-DS
SD 202
Proxel PL
Acticide BIT
AQ (antibacterial)
Benzoisothiazol-3-one
2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one
Acticide B 20N
Bioban BIT 20DPG
Rocima 640
Nipacide BIT
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
Nuosept 495
Proxel LV-S
Proxel LV
Troysan 1050
Canguard BIT
Benzocil
Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE
Proxel CF
Nipacide BIT 10W
Proxel TN
Topcide 600
San-aibac AP
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (6CI,7CI,8CI)
Preventol BIT 20D
BIT
Proxel GXL(S)
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one
1,2-Benzisothiazolone
3-Hydroxy-1,2-benzisothiazole
Proxel PL
Proxel Press Paste
Proxel XL 2
Proxel AB
Proxel GXL
Topcide 600
San-aibac AP
Proxel BDN
Proxel BD 20
1,2-Benzoisothiazol-3-one
XBINX
Proxel BD
Benzisothiazolone
Proxel CF
1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one
Proxel TN
Bestcide 200K
Parmetol B 70
BIT
Proxel LV-S
Proxel Press Paste D
Apizas AP-DS
Proxel HL 2
Benzocil
Denicide BIT
SD 202
Nuosept 495
Nipacide BIT 20
Nuosept 491
Nipacide BIT
Canguard BIT
Nuosept 485
SD 202 (bactericide)
Benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one
Denicide BIT 20N
Acticide BIT
Benzoisothiazol-3-one
Bioban BIT 20DPG
Canguard BIT 20DPG
Proxel Ultra 5
Parmetol D 11
Canguard Ultra BIT 20LE
Koralone B 119
2,3-Dihydrobenzisothiazol-3-one
Benzisothiazolin-3-one
GXL
Preventol BIT 20D
Troysan 1050
Acticide BW 20
BIT 20
Nipacide BIT 10W
BIT 10W
Proxel XL
AQ
AQ (antibacterial)
Proxel GXL(S)
Canguard BIT 20AS-E
Acticide B 20N
Bioban Ultra Bit
Rocima 640
Proxel LV
Proxel AQ
Benzisothiazolinone
Mergal 753
Cation BIT 20
1,2-benzothiazoline-3-one
1,2-benzothiazolin-3-one
Acticide B 20
B 20
Bioban Ultra BIT 20
Microcave BIT
Nuosept BIT Technical
Promex 20D
Colipa P 96
BIT 20LE
Proxel K
2,3-Dihydro-1,2-benzothiazol-3-one
Proxel XL-II
Proxel XL 11
Biox P 520W
Nuosept 498G
P 520W
BIT 521
BIT 665
XL 2
Acticide BIT 20N
Preventol BIT 20N
AZVIII 40A
Nipacide BIT 40
Lamfix SK
40991-37-5
54392-14-2
75037-67-1
101964-01-6
552320-00-0
919284-21-2
934197-15-6
1094749-54-8
1148150-72-4
1376937-61-9
1399460-92-4
1623463-70-6
1813531-93-9
2376801-76-0

Primary Emulsifier; Fuel; Diesel Oil; Diesel Fuel No. 2; Fuels, diesel, No.2; Primier diesel fuel; EINECS 270-676-1; EC 270-676-1 CAS NO:68476-34-6

Primojel is also known as croscarmellose sodium.
Primojel is a cross-linked polymer derived from cellulose, a natural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.

CAS Number: 74811-65-7
EC Number: 629-739-2

Synonyms: Croscarmellose sodium, Sodium croscarmellose, Primogel, Ac-Di-Sol, Carmellose sodium, Sodium crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose, Primellose, Acdisol, Primellose sodium, Sodium CMC cross-linked, Cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium cross-linked, Sodium salt of crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose, Croscarmellose, Explotab, Kollidon CL, Nymcel ZSB, Cl-22, Croscarmellose sodique, Primellose Sodique, Super disintegrant, Sodium cross-linked cellulose, Sodium CMC CL, Acacia disintegrant, Dicel CD, Kollidon CLF, Ceolus SC-10, Croscarmellosa sodica, Crosslinked sodium CMC, Surelease, Surelease Plus, Vanamei-HC, Xan-C, Acrysol, Caramela, Carboymethylcellulose sodium cross-linked, Carmellosum natricum, Cellulose sodium carboxymethyl, Croscarmellose sodique, Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Croscarmellose de sodium, Derivados de celulosa, Flocel, Nymcel RS-1, Nymcel RS-2, Palicol CC, Plasacryl CC, Plasacryl CC F, Croscarmellose de sodium, Croscarmellosa sodica, Cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Crosslinked cellulose sodium, Crosspovidone, Polyplasdone XL, Vivasol



APPLICATIONS


Primojel is extensively used as a disintegrant in pharmaceutical tablets and capsules.
Primojel facilitates the rapid disintegration of tablets, allowing for efficient drug dissolution and absorption.

Primojel is a key ingredient in immediate-release oral solid dosage forms.
Primojel is employed in the production of over-the-counter and prescription medications.
Primojel is commonly used in formulations of analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Primojel enhances the bioavailability and efficacy of orally administered drugs.
Primojel is utilized in the manufacture of vitamins and dietary supplements.
Primojel ensures the rapid release of active ingredients for optimal absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Primojel is employed in the production of antihistamines, decongestants, and cough remedies.
Primojel is used in the formulation of antacids and gastrointestinal medications.

Primojel aids in the disintegration of enteric-coated tablets, allowing for drug release in the intestines.
Primojel is employed in the production of veterinary pharmaceuticals for oral administration.

Primojel is utilized in the formulation of pediatric and geriatric medications.
Primojel ensures ease of swallowing and rapid onset of action in pediatric patients.

Primojel is utilized in the production of chewable and orally disintegrating tablets.
Primojel is employed in the manufacture of nutraceuticals and functional foods.
Primojel contributes to the rapid dispersion of active ingredients in powdered drink mixes and dietary supplements.

Primojel is used in the formulation of effervescent tablets and oral rehydration solutions.
Primojel is utilized in the production of topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Primojel aids in the dispersion of active ingredients in creams, gels, and ointments.

Primojel is employed in the manufacture of wound dressings and medicated patches.
Primojel is used in the formulation of oral hygiene products such as toothpaste and mouthwash.
Primojel ensures the even distribution of active ingredients and flavorants in oral care formulations.

Primojel is employed in the production of cosmetic and personal care products.
Primojel plays a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry, contributing to the development of safe, effective, and patient-friendly medications across various therapeutic categories.

Primojel is commonly used in the production of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) for patients who have difficulty swallowing conventional tablets.
Primojel facilitates the rapid disintegration of ODTs upon contact with saliva, allowing for easy administration without the need for water.

Primojel is employed in the formulation of chewable tablets for pediatric and geriatric populations.
Primojel helps in breaking down the tablet matrix into smaller particles, making it easier for patients to chew and swallow.

Primojel is utilized in the production of fast-dissolving tablets for rapid onset of action, particularly in analgesics and antipyretics.
The compound is employed in the formulation of orally disintegrating films (ODFs), providing a convenient dosage form for patients who have difficulty swallowing tablets or capsules.

Primojel is used in the development of orally disintegrating mini-tablets (ODMTs) for pediatric and geriatric patients, offering precise dosing and ease of administration.
Primojel is employed in the production of effervescent tablets, where it aids in the rapid dispersion of active ingredients in effervescent solutions.

Primojel is used in the formulation of orally administered powders and granules, ensuring rapid dissolution and absorption of active ingredients.
Primojel is employed in the production of orally administered suspensions and emulsions, where it acts as a stabilizer and dispersant.

Primojel is utilized in the development of nasal sprays and inhalation powders, facilitating rapid absorption of drugs through the nasal mucosa or respiratory tract.
Primojel is employed in the production of transdermal patches and gels, where it aids in the dispersion of active ingredients through the skin.
Primojel is utilized in the formulation of suppositories and rectal gels, ensuring rapid release and absorption of drugs through the rectal mucosa.

Primojel is used in the development of buccal tablets and lozenges, providing rapid onset of action and localized drug delivery to the oral cavity.
Primojel is employed in the formulation of veterinary medications for oral administration to companion animals and livestock.

Primojel is utilized in the production of feed additives for animals, ensuring efficient dispersion and absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract.

Primojel is employed in the development of wound care products such as hydrogel dressings and topical formulations, facilitating wound healing and tissue regeneration.
Primojel is utilized in the formulation of plant protection products for agricultural use, ensuring efficient dispersion and absorption of active ingredients in plants.

Primojel is used in the production of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, ensuring rapid dissolution and bioavailability of vitamins, minerals, and botanical extracts.
Primojel is employed in the formulation of oral vaccines and immunotherapies, facilitating rapid dispersion and absorption of antigens in the gastrointestinal tract.

Primojel is utilized in the production of diagnostic agents and contrast media for medical imaging procedures, ensuring efficient dispersion and uptake in tissues.
Primojel is employed in the development of skincare products such as creams and lotions, where it aids in the dispersion and absorption of active ingredients through the skin.

Primojel is used in the formulation of hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners, ensuring uniform dispersion and efficacy of active ingredients.
Primojel is employed in the development of oral hygiene products such as toothpaste and mouthwash, where it aids in the dispersion and efficacy of active ingredients.
Primojel is utilized in the formulation of industrial products such as adhesives and coatings, providing rheological control and stability in various applications.

Primojel contributes to the uniform distribution of drug particles within the tablet matrix.
Primojel exhibits excellent compressibility and flow properties, facilitating tablet manufacturing processes.

Primojel is stable under a wide range of environmental conditions and does not degrade upon storage.
Primojel is non-toxic and generally regarded as safe for pharmaceutical use.
Primojel is listed in various pharmacopeias worldwide, ensuring its quality and consistency.

Primojel undergoes stringent quality control measures during manufacturing to meet pharmaceutical standards.
Primojel is available in different grades with varying particle sizes and degrees of cross-linking.

Primojel is commonly used in combination with other disintegrants and excipients to optimize tablet performance.
Primojel is widely recognized as an essential component in pharmaceutical formulations.

Its rapid disintegration properties contribute to the efficacy and bioavailability of orally administered drugs.
Primojel is employed in a broad spectrum of pharmaceutical products, including tablets, capsules, and granules.

Primojel plays a crucial role in enhancing patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes.
Primojel is a versatile pharmaceutical excipient that ensures the effective delivery of active ingredients in oral solid dosage forms.



DESCRIPTION


Primojel is also known as croscarmellose sodium.
Primojel is a cross-linked polymer derived from cellulose, a natural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.
Primojel is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a disintegrant in tablet formulations.
Disintegrants help tablets break apart or disintegrate rapidly when exposed to moisture in the gastrointestinal tract, facilitating drug dissolution and absorption.

Primojel is known for its ability to swell rapidly and create channels within the tablet, promoting efficient drug release.
Primojel is widely used in the production of oral solid dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, and granules.
Primojel is generally regarded as safe for use in pharmaceutical formulations and is listed in various pharmacopeias worldwide.

Primojel is a white to slightly off-white, odorless, and tasteless powder.
Primojel is a cross-linked polymer derived from cellulose, a natural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.

Primojel is insoluble in water but swells rapidly upon contact with aqueous fluids.
Primojel is known for its exceptional water absorption and swelling capacity.

Primojel is commonly used as a disintegrant in pharmaceutical tablets and capsules.
Primojel facilitates the rapid disintegration of tablets upon exposure to gastric fluids.
Primojel forms a gel-like mass when hydrated, creating channels within the tablet matrix.

These channels promote the ingress of fluids and facilitate the dispersion of drug particles.
The disintegration process initiated by croscarmellose sodium enhances drug dissolution and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Primojel is extensively utilized in the production of immediate-release oral solid dosage forms.
Primojel is inert and does not undergo chemical changes during tablet formulation.
Primojel is compatible with a wide range of active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients.



PROPERTIES


Appearance: White to off-white, odorless, tasteless powder or granules.
Solubility: Insoluble in water and most organic solvents.
Hygroscopicity: Exhibits moderate hygroscopic properties, absorbing moisture from the air.
Particle Size: Typically ranges from micrometers to millimeters, depending on the grade and manufacturer.
Bulk Density: Generally ranges from 0.3 to 0.6 g/cm³, depending on compaction and formulation conditions.
Melting Point: Decomposes before melting at high temperatures.
pH: Usually neutral to slightly acidic in aqueous solutions.
Specific Gravity: Typically ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 g/cm³, depending on moisture content and compaction.
Molecular Weight: Varies depending on the degree of polymerization and cross-linking.



FIRST AID

Inhalation:

If inhaled, promptly remove the affected person to fresh air.
Allow the individual to rest in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing difficulties persist or if the person is not breathing, seek medical attention immediately.
Keep the affected person calm and reassured.
Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation, redness, or discomfort persists, seek medical advice.
If croscarmellose sodium comes into contact with sensitive skin or open wounds, seek medical attention promptly.
Eye Contact:

Flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if irritation is not initially present.
Remove contact lenses if easily removable after flushing.
Protect the unaffected eye during flushing to prevent cross-contamination.
Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and spit out.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Seek medical attention immediately.
Provide medical personnel with information on the amount ingested and the time of ingestion.
General First Aid:

If symptoms of overexposure develop (such as headache, nausea, dizziness, or difficulty breathing), seek medical attention immediately.
Keep affected individuals warm and quiet.
Treat symptomatically and supportively.
In case of chemical burns, rinse affected skin or eyes with copious amounts of water and seek medical attention promptly.


HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling croscarmellose sodium to minimize skin and eye contact.
Use respiratory protection, such as a dust mask or respirator, if handling large quantities of powder in dusty environments.
Ensure all PPE is in good condition and properly fitted before handling croscarmellose sodium.
Handling Precautions:

Handle croscarmellose sodium in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Avoid generating dust or aerosols when handling the solid compound.
Use tools and equipment designed for handling powders to minimize the risk of spills and dust generation.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling croscarmellose sodium.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling to remove any residual product.
Spill and Leak Procedures:

In the event of a spill or leak, contain the area to prevent further spread of the material.
Clean up spills promptly using absorbent materials such as vermiculite or sand.
Avoid sweeping or vacuuming up dry material, as this may generate dust.
Dispose of contaminated materials according to local regulations.
Equipment Cleaning:

Clean equipment and containers used for handling croscarmellose sodium regularly to prevent buildup and cross-contamination.
Use mild detergents and water to clean equipment, followed by thorough rinsing.
Storage:

Storage Conditions:

Store croscarmellose sodium in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents and acids.
Ensure storage area is equipped with appropriate containment measures to contain spills.
Store in containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.
Check containers regularly for signs of damage or leakage and replace if necessary.
Segregation and Separation:

Segregate croscarmellose sodium from incompatible materials, such as acids, bases, and strong oxidizing agents.
Store croscarmellose sodium away from food, beverages, and feedstuffs to prevent contamination.
Handling and Storage Equipment:

Use equipment and containers specifically designated for handling croscarmellose sodium to prevent cross-contamination.
Ensure equipment used for transferring or dispensing croscarmellose sodium is clean and free from residues of incompatible materials.
Emergency Procedures:

Familiarize personnel with emergency procedures in case of spills, leaks, or exposure incidents.
Maintain spill kits and absorbent materials readily available for immediate response to spills.
Train personnel on proper handling procedures and emergency response protocols.

DESCRIPTION:

Printex kappa 70 Beads are specifically geared for thermoplastics requiring conductivity and anti-static properties.
Universally conductive, Printex kappa 70 Beads excel in almost all conductive plastic compounding processes and end-use applications.
Printex kappa 70 Beads is suitable in polypropylene, polycarbonate and its alloys, a broad range of engineering polymers, polyolefins, styrenics, polyvinyl chloride, other significant polymer types, Printex kappa 70 Beads impart excellent dispersion quality, compound melt flow, and mechanical strength.



CAS NUMBER: 1333-86-4



DESCRIPTION:

Printex kappa 70 Beads enables thermoplastic compounders to attain target conductivities at low carbon black concentrations and allows converters to realize an excellent balance of conductivity and mechanical properties for their applications.
Printex kappa 70 Beads are ideally suited for plastic auto body parts that require conductivity to ensure trouble-free, electrostatic spray coating.
Printex kappa 70 Bead is also suited for injection-molded parts such as fuel canisters, electronics carrier boxes, electronics housings, and heat-aging trays, and for extruded conductive pipes, profiles and packaging films.

The high chemical purity, a very low sulfur level, and the physical cleanliness of Printex kappa 70 Beads minimize taste and odor effects.
Low compound moisture absorption and excellent microscopic dispersion performance ensure a smooth, defect-free pipe that meets potable water pipe standards.
In addition, Printex kappa 70 Beads provide superb UV protection for long-term stability.

This UV resistance, combined with excellent dispersion attributes, make Printex kappa 70 Beads an excellent option in outdoor, engineered-polymer applications such as electrical and electronic housings, air conditioning and generator pads, and utility vehicles.
Printex kappa 70 Beads refers to a type of carbon black, which is a form of elemental carbon produced through the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons.
Printex kappa 70 Beads is widely used in various industries, including chemistry, due to its unique properties.

Printex kappa 70 Beads is a specific grade or type of carbon black produced by the Degussa AG company.
Printex kappa 70 Beads is characterized by its high surface area, which provides excellent adsorption properties and makes it useful in applications such as pigments, coatings, inks, plastics, rubber products, and as a conductive filler.

Printex kappa 70 Beads mentioned in your question could possibly refer to the physical form of the carbon black particles.
Printex kappa 70 Beads is typically produced as fine powder, and the term "beads" might indicate that the particles are agglomerated or granulated into small spherical or bead-like structures, which can offer handling advantages in certain applications.



USAGE:

Printex kappa 70 Beads provides superior conductivity already at lower concentration than most of previously listed Carbon Black in the field of conductive blacks.
At the same time the influence on rheology and mechanical properties of final parts was maintained on an excellently well-balanced level.
During the phase of Printex kappa 70 Beads product development specifi c attention was turned on good processability since necessary pigment loading at desired high output rates often delimits effi cient yield production.

All in all we release a high conductive Carbon Black with outstanding conductive overall performance.
Printex kappa 70 Beads is qualified as an universal conductive pigment performing excellent in almost all regular electrically conductive plastic compounds and conductive applications.
Printex kappa 70 Beads can be used in most signifi cant polymer types such as polyolefin, co-polymers, polyvinyl chloride, high-impact polystyrene, polyamide and others.

Printex kappa 70 Beads is targeted for injection molded parts such as fuel canisters, boxes, housings for electrical goods, carrier trays of electronic devices, and is working just as well in extruded electrically conductive pipes, profi les, blown- and cast-films.
Further target industries are areas with explosive risks, e.g. conductive hoses for the mining industry or environment, carpet backs and antistatic flooring and many articles for the automotive industry.




USES:

-Pigments and Dyes:

Printex kappa 70 Beads beads can be utilized as a pigment or filler in the production of inks, paints, coatings, and dyes.
The high surface area and color properties of carbon black make it suitable for enhancing the color, opacity, and UV resistance of these products.


-Conductive Additive:

Printex kappa 70 Beads is often used as a conductive filler in various materials.
Printex kappa 70 Beads can be added to polymers, rubbers, adhesives, and coatings to provide electrical conductivity.
This property makes Printex kappa 70 Beads useful in applications such as antistatic materials, electrostatic dissipation, and electromagnetic shielding.


-Rubber and Tire Industry:

Printex kappa 70 Bead is extensively employed in the rubber industry to enhance the mechanical properties of rubber compounds.
Printex Kappa 70 beads can be incorporated into rubber formulations to improve wear resistance, tensile strength, tear resistance, and other desirable characteristics. Printex kappa 70 Beads are commonly used in tire manufacturing due to their reinforcing properties.


-Plastics and Masterbatch:

In the plastics industry, Printex kappa 70 Bead is utilized as a filler and reinforcing agent.
Printex Kappa 70 beads can be added to plastic formulations to enhance the mechanical strength, conductivity, and UV stability of the final
Printex kappa 70 Beads are also employed in masterbatch production, which involves incorporating additives into plastic resins for subsequent use in various applications.


-Batteries and Energy Storage:

Printex kappa 70 Beads is used in battery technologies.
Printex kappa 70 Beads can be incorporated into battery electrodes to improve their electrical conductivity, enhance charge-discharge rates, and increase overall battery performance.
It's important to note that the specific applications and suitability of Printex Kappa 70 beads may vary depending on the desired properties and formulation requirements.



USAGE AREAS:

-Coloured printing inks
-Non-Impact Printing
-Coatings
-Paints and lacquers
-Plastics
-Spinning fibres
-Electrical batteries and accumulators
-Special applications;
-Pigment
-Conductivity



APPLICATIONS:

-Polymers
-General Conductive Applications
-Wire & Cable



APPLICATION AREAS:

-Appearance: solid, powder / beads
-Colour: black
-Odour: odourless
-pH :>= 6.5 (20 °C)
-Concentration: 50 g/l (68 °F)
-Melting point/range: > 3,000 °C
-Decomposition temperature: > 400 °C
-Solubility in other solvents: insoluble
-Density: 1.7 - 1.9 g/cm3 (20 °C)
-Minimum ignition temperature: > 600 °C



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Parameter Method Unit Value OAN Oil Absorption Number: 170
-STSA: 130
-pH: 7.5
-Sieve Residue 45 μm: <25
-Sulfur: <1
-Ash Content: <0.15



STORAGE:

Printex kappa 70 Beads should be stored under cool and dry conditions.



SYNONYM:

Carbon black beads
Degussa Printex Kappa 70
Evonik Printex Kappa 70
Kappa 70 carbon black beads
Printex K-70 beads
Printex Kappa 70 granules
Printex Kappa 70 microbeads

DESCRIPTION:

Prisorine 3501 acid is our isostearic acid range, light colored, liquid fatty acid consisting of methyl branched C18 fatty acid isomers with smaller amounts of linear saturated fatty acids and oleic acid.
The low unsaturation and especially the absence of poly-unsaturation results in excellent oxidation resistance and color stability.
Prisorine 3501 acid is a long chain hydrocarbon with excellent color and thermo-oxidative stability for automotive and industrial coatings

CAS No.30399-84-9
Molecular Formula:C18H36O2
Molecular Weight:284.48

Prisorine 3501 acid is recommended for polyol esters in synthetic lubricants, for textile lubricants and hydraulic fluids among other general applications
Prisorine 3501 acid is a top grade for cosmetics esters applications
Prisorine 3501 acid is a vegetable derived recommended for less critical applications, but with oxidation stability better than oleic acid and its derivatives








BENEFITS OF PRISORINE 3501 ACID:
Flexibility - Prisorine 3501 Acid allows product to deform under stress and prevents cracking.
Prisorine 3501 Acid can also be used in conjunction with flexible substrates
Prisorine 3501 Acid is Easy to handle offering manufacturing flexibility

Prisorine 3501 Acid has Low color for low color applications and improved aesthetics
Prisorine 3501 Acid has Thermo-oxidative stability for longer product lifetime, and allowing for exposure to high temperature conditions
Pigment wetting - Prisorine 3501 Acid allows high loading of pigment/fillers which can bring cost savings



APPLICATIONS OF PRISORINE 3501 ACID:
Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Resin modification
Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Metallic pastes
Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Inks

Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Waxes and wax emulsifiers
Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Quaternary derivatives for textile softeners and antistats

Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Liquid stabilizers (metal soaps)
Prisorine 3501 Acid is used in Anti-corrosion additives


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PRISORINE 3501 ACID:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product









CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PRISORINE 3501 ACID:
vapor pressure 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp. 2-8°C
InChI InChI=1S/C18H36O2/c1-17(2)15-13-11-9-7-5-3-4-6-8-10-12-14-16-18(19)20/h17H,3-16H2,1-2H3,(H,19,20)
InChIKey XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES C(O)(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C
LogP 6.96-14.81
Dissociation constant 4.75 at 25℃


SYNONYMS OF PRISORINE 3501 ACID:
ISOOCTADECANOIC ACID
16-METHYLHEPTADECANOIC ACID
875d
emery871
emery875d
emersol875
emersol871
UCN 96.319
Unimac 5680
century1105

DESCRIPTION:

Prisorine 3503 acid is our isostearic acid range, light colored, liquid fatty acid consisting of methyl branched C18 fatty acid isomers with smaller amounts of linear saturated fatty acids and oleic acid.
The low unsaturation and especially the absence of poly-unsaturation results in excellent oxidation resistance and color stability.
Prisorine 3503 acid is a long chain hydrocarbon with excellent color and thermo-oxidative stability for automotive and industrial coatings

CAS No.30399-84-9
Molecular Formula:C18H36O2
Molecular Weight:284.48

Prisorine 3503 acid is recommended for polyol esters in synthetic lubricants, for textile lubricants and hydraulic fluids among other general applications
Prisorine 3503 acid is a top grade for cosmetics esters applications
Prisorine 3503 acid is a vegetable derived recommended for less critical applications, but with oxidation stability better than oleic acid and its derivatives








BENEFITS OF PRISORINE 3503 ACID:
Flexibility - Prisorine 3503 Acid allows product to deform under stress and prevents cracking.
Prisorine 3503 Acid can also be used in conjunction with flexible substrates
Prisorine 3503 Acid is Easy to handle offering manufacturing flexibility

Prisorine 3503 Acid has Low color for low color applications and improved aesthetics
Prisorine 3503 Acid has Thermo-oxidative stability for longer product lifetime, and allowing for exposure to high temperature conditions
Pigment wetting - Prisorine 3503 Acid allows high loading of pigment/fillers which can bring cost savings



APPLICATIONS OF PRISORINE 3503 ACID:
Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Resin modification
Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Metallic pastes
Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Inks

Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Waxes and wax emulsifiers
Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Quaternary derivatives for textile softeners and antistats

Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Liquid stabilizers (metal soaps)
Prisorine 3503 Acid is used in Anti-corrosion additives


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PRISORINE 3503 ACID:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product









CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PRISORINE 3503 ACID:
vapor pressure 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp. 2-8°C
InChI InChI=1S/C18H36O2/c1-17(2)15-13-11-9-7-5-3-4-6-8-10-12-14-16-18(19)20/h17H,3-16H2,1-2H3,(H,19,20)
InChIKey XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES C(O)(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C
LogP 6.96-14.81
Dissociation constant 4.75 at 25℃


SYNONYMS OF PRISORINE 3503 ACID:
ISOOCTADECANOIC ACID
16-METHYLHEPTADECANOIC ACID
875d
emery871
emery875d
emersol875
emersol871
UCN 96.319
Unimac 5680
century1105

DESCRIPTION:

Prisorine 3505 acid is our isostearic acid range, light colored, liquid fatty acid consisting of methyl branched C18 fatty acid isomers with smaller amounts of linear saturated fatty acids and oleic acid.
The low unsaturation and especially the absence of poly-unsaturation results in excellent oxidation resistance and color stability.
Prisorine 3505 acid is a long chain hydrocarbon with excellent color and thermo-oxidative stability for automotive and industrial coatings

CAS No.30399-84-9
Molecular Formula:C18H36O2
Molecular Weight:284.48

Prisorine 3505 acid is recommended for polyol esters in synthetic lubricants, for textile lubricants and hydraulic fluids among other general applications
Prisorine 3505 acid is a top grade for cosmetics esters applications
Prisorine 3505 acid is a vegetable derived recommended for less critical applications, but with oxidation stability better than oleic acid and its derivatives








BENEFITS OF PRISORINE 3505 ACID:
Flexibility - Prisorine 3505 Acid allows product to deform under stress and prevents cracking.
Prisorine 3505 Acid can also be used in conjunction with flexible substrates
Prisorine 3505 Acid is Easy to handle offering manufacturing flexibility

Prisorine 3505 Acid has Low color for low color applications and improved aesthetics
Prisorine 3505 Acid has Thermo-oxidative stability for longer product lifetime, and allowing for exposure to high temperature conditions
Pigment wetting - Prisorine 3505 Acid allows high loading of pigment/fillers which can bring cost savings



APPLICATIONS OF PRISORINE 3505 ACID:
Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Resin modification
Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Metallic pastes
Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Inks

Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Waxes and wax emulsifiers
Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Quaternary derivatives for textile softeners and antistats

Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Liquid stabilizers (metal soaps)
Prisorine 3505 Acid is used in Anti-corrosion additives


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PRISORINE 3505 ACID:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product









CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PRISORINE 3505 ACID:
vapor pressure 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp. 2-8°C
InChI InChI=1S/C18H36O2/c1-17(2)15-13-11-9-7-5-3-4-6-8-10-12-14-16-18(19)20/h17H,3-16H2,1-2H3,(H,19,20)
InChIKey XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES C(O)(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C
LogP 6.96-14.81
Dissociation constant 4.75 at 25℃


SYNONYMS OF PRISORINE 3505 ACID:
ISOOCTADECANOIC ACID
16-METHYLHEPTADECANOIC ACID
875d
emery871
emery875d
emersol875
emersol871
UCN 96.319
Unimac 5680
century1105

DESCRIPTION:
Prisorine 3508 is a vegetable-derived, light colored, liquid isostearic acid.
Prisorine 3508 consists of methyl branched C18 fatty acid isomers with smaller amounts of linear saturated fatty acids and oleic acid.
Prisorine 3508 possesses a higher iodine value and is recommended for less critical applications.

CAS No.: 30399-84-9
EC Number: 220-336-3


The low unsaturation and especially the absence of poly-unsaturation provides excellent color stability and oxidation resistance, considerably better than oleic acid and its derivatives.
Prisorine 3508 allows product to deform under stress, prevents cracking, and can also be used in conjunction with flexible substrates.
Prisorine 3508 exhibits thermo-oxidative stability for longer product lifetime, allowing for exposure to high temperature conditions.

Prisorine 3508 also imparts pigment wetting properties which allow high loading of pigment/fillers while bringing cost savings.
Prisorine 3508 is suitable for metallic pastes, inks and low color applications.
Prisorine 3508 is easy to handle and offers manufacturing flexibility and improved aesthetics.


BENEFITS OF PRISORINE 3508:
Flexibility - Prisorine 3508 allows product to deform under stress and prevents cracking.
Prisorine 3508 can also be used in conjunction with flexible substrates
Prisorine 3508 is Easy to handle offering manufacturing flexibility

Prisorine 3508 has Low color for low color applications and improved aesthetics

Prisorine 3508 has Thermo-oxidative stability for longer product lifetime, and allowing for exposure to high temperature conditions
Pigment wetting - Prisorine 3508 allows high loading of pigment/fillers which can bring cost savings


APPLICATIONS OF PRISORINE 3508:
Prisorine 3508 is used in Resin modification
Prisorine 3508 is used in Metallic pastes
Prisorine 3508 is used in Inks

Prisorine 3508 is used in Waxes and wax emulsifiers
Prisorine 3508 is used in Quaternary derivatives for textile softeners and antistats

Prisorine 3508 is used in Liquid stabilizers (metal soaps)
Prisorine 3508 is used in Anti-corrosion additives


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PRISORINE 3508:
PSA: 37.30000
XLogP3: 6.18840
Appearance: Liquid; OtherSolid, Liquid
Density: 0.888g/cm3
Melting Point: 69.3ºC
Boiling Point: 359.4ºC at 760mmHg
Flash Point: 162.4ºC
Storage Conditions: 2-8ºC
Toxicity: LDLo oral in rat: 64mL/kg
Name
Isooctadecanoic acid
EINECS 250-178-0
CAS No. 30399-84-9
Density 0.887 g/cm3
PSA 37.30000
LogP 6.18840
Melting Point 69.3oC
Formula C18H36O2
Boiling Point 400.8 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 284.4772
Flash Point 225.6 °C
Appearance LIGHT YELLOW LIQUID



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PRISORINE 3508:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product



SYNONYMS OF PRISORINE 3508:
875D
Century 1105
Emasol 873
Emersol 871
Emersol 874
Emersol 875
Emery 871
Emery 875D
Fine Oxocol 1800 Acid
Haimaric MKH(R)
IO 281
Isostearic acid 873
Isostearic acid EX
Jaric I 18CG
Prisorin ISAC 3505
Prisorine 3501
Prisorine 3502
Prisorine 3505
Prisorine 3508
UCN 96.319
Unimac 5680

pentyl alcohol mixture; pentanol mix; cas no: 94624-12-1

1,3-Propanediol; 1,3-Propylene glycol; 1,3-Propylenediol; Trimethylene glycol; PROPANEDIOL, N° CAS : 504-63-2 / 26264-14-2 - Propanediol, Origine(s) : Végétale, Synthétique. Autre langue : Propandiol. Nom INCI : PROPANEDIOL. Nom chimique : 1,3-dihydroxypropane, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 207-997-3. Le propanediol (1,3-propanediol) est un humectant naturel, utilisé dans de nombreuses formulations. Il possède d'excellentes caractéristiques sensorielles et est écologiquement durable. Il peut être fabriqué à partir de fermentation de sucre de maïs, ou de manière synthétique. Le propanediol (1,3-propanediol) et le propylène glycol (1,2-propanediol) partage la même formule empirique (C3H8O2), mais leur structure moléculaire est différente.Ses fonctions (INCI): Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques. 1,3-Dihydroxypropane; 1,3-Propanediol; 1,3-Propylene glycol; 1,3-Propylenediol; 2-(Hydroxymethyl)ethanol; 2-Deoxyglycerol; beta-Propylene glycol; omega-Propanediol; Propane-1,3-diol; Trimethylene glycol

CMS-Na;explotab;Primojel;PRIMOJEL(R);Carboxy methyl starc;SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE;SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLLATE;Sodiumcarboxymethylstarch;SodiuM starch glycolate NF;CARBOXYMETHYL STARCH SODIUM CAS NO:9063-38-1

Prop-2-yn-1-ol, also known as 2-propyn-1-ol or ethynyl alcohol, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H4O.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is an alcohol that contains a triple bond between the second carbon (C2) and the oxygen (O) atom.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in various chemical reactions and organic synthesis processes due to its unique chemical structure.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is also known for its flammable and reactive nature, and it should be handled with care in laboratory and industrial settings.

CAS Number: 107-19-7
EC Number: 203-471-4



APPLICATIONS


Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a chemical intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry for synthesizing various drugs and medicines.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the production of agrochemicals, including herbicides and pesticides.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is utilized as a reagent in organic synthesis to introduce alkynyl functional groups into organic molecules.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a key component in the synthesis of acetylenic compounds, which find applications in materials science.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of specialty chemicals, such as plasticizers and surfactants.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a starting material in the synthesis of fragrances and flavor compounds in the fragrance industry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the production of resins, which have applications in adhesives and coatings.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used as a building block for the synthesis of various organic compounds in research laboratories.
In the rubber industry, it is used in the production of rubber chemicals, enhancing the properties of rubber materials.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be utilized in the manufacturing of flame retardants for textiles and plastics.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol finds applications in the production of UV-curable coatings and inks used in the printing industry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of cross-linking agents for polymers, improving their mechanical properties.
In the electronics industry, it can be employed as a precursor in the synthesis of conductive polymers.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a reagent in organic chemistry research to study reaction mechanisms.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is sometimes used in the preparation of synthetic lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the synthesis of dyes and pigments used in the textile and printing industries.
In the field of material science, it is used to modify the surface properties of materials through chemical reactions.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol can serve as a starting material for the production of specialty polymers with specific properties.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of organic peroxides, which have applications as initiators in polymerization reactions.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed as a reactant in the preparation of insecticides used in agriculture.
In the cosmetics industry, it is used in the formulation of personal care products and cosmetics.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a research reagent for studying chemical reactions under controlled conditions.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be utilized in the preparation of organometallic compounds, which have applications in catalysis.

In the automotive industry, it can be used in the formulation of anti-corrosion coatings for vehicle components.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is important in the synthesis of specialty chemicals and materials across a wide range of industries, contributing to advancements in various fields.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a reactant in the synthesis of vinyl ethers, which are important intermediates in polymer chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a building block for the preparation of acetylenic dyes and pigments used in the textile and printing industries.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is utilized in the synthesis of specialty chemicals used in the oil and gas industry for drilling fluids and well stimulation.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the production of fuel additives and stabilizers for improving the combustion characteristics of fuels.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol finds applications in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors for protecting metal surfaces in various industries.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the manufacture of adhesives and sealants, contributing to the bonding of various materials.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of cross-linking agents for polymers, enhancing their strength and durability.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a precursor in the preparation of acetylenic alcohols, which are important in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be utilized in the production of flame retardants for plastics and textiles.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of intermediates for the production of agrochemicals and plant growth regulators.
In the construction industry, it is used as a chemical additive for improving the performance of concrete and cementitious materials.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the formulation of inkjet printer inks, contributing to high-quality printing.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the synthesis of propargylamines, which have applications in medicinal chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the manufacture of specialty coatings for automotive refinishing and industrial applications.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a key component in the synthesis of photoresists used in microelectronics and semiconductor manufacturing.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the preparation of chelating ligands for coordination chemistry.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the synthesis of alkynylsilanes, which find applications in organic and organometallic chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is utilized in the production of surfactants and emulsifiers used in the cosmetics and personal care industry.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used as a starting material for the synthesis of bioactive compounds and natural product derivatives.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol finds applications in the formulation of specialty paints and coatings for architectural and industrial use.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of organosilicon compounds, which have applications in materials science.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds for medicinal and agrochemical purposes.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a chemical reagent in the preparation of propargyl halides used in various chemical reactions.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of metal acetylides, which are important in organometallic chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a versatile building block with a wide range of applications across industries, contributing to the development of new materials, chemicals, and technologies.


Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the production of synthetic rubber, contributing to the elasticity and durability of rubber products.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a precursor in the synthesis of propargyl ethers, which have applications in the field of organic chemistry.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the preparation of specialty solvents used in various industrial processes.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used to synthesize propargyl aldehydes and ketones, important intermediates in organic synthesis.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol finds applications in the formulation of adhesion promoters for improving bonding in composites and laminates.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is utilized in the production of corrosion-resistant coatings for protecting metal structures and equipment.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of photoinitiators for photopolymerization processes, such as UV curing.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reagent in the preparation of propargyl sulfides, which have applications in medicinal chemistry.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a cross-linking agent in the formulation of epoxy resins, enhancing their performance.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the preparation of propargyl carbonates, which are important in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of propargyl halides, which can further react to form various organic compounds.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a building block for the preparation of propargyl boronates used in organic synthesis.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a reagent in the preparation of propargyl phosphates, important intermediates in chemical synthesis.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the formulation of specialty inks used in screen printing and graphic arts.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of propargyl sulfonates, which have applications in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a starting material for the synthesis of propargylamines, which can be used in pharmaceutical research.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the production of specialty adhesives for specific industrial applications.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the preparation of propargyl acetates, which find use in organic synthesis.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of propargyl esters, which can serve as reagents in various chemical reactions.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reactant in the preparation of propargyl alcohols, which have applications in the synthesis of natural products.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the formulation of specialty coatings for protecting and enhancing the appearance of surfaces.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the synthesis of propargyl nitriles, which have applications in organic chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the production of flame retardant additives for plastics and textiles.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reagent in the preparation of propargyl isocyanides, important in the field of organic chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications, contributing to the development of materials, pharmaceuticals, and various chemical processes in industries worldwide.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of propargyl sulfides, which have antimicrobial properties and can be used as preservatives in personal care products.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reactant in the preparation of propargyl azides, which are important in click chemistry reactions for the modification of biomolecules.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the synthesis of propargyl phosphonates, which have applications in the development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the production of propargyl silanes, which are useful in the functionalization of silicon surfaces and the synthesis of silicon-containing compounds.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants used in the aerospace industry for bonding critical components.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the preparation of propargyl amides, which are versatile intermediates in organic synthesis.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is utilized in the manufacture of propargyl glycol ethers, which are used as solvents and coupling agents in various applications.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reagent in the synthesis of propargyl carbamates, which have applications in medicinal chemistry as potential drug candidates.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the formulation of cutting-edge resist materials for photolithography processes in semiconductor manufacturing.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be employed in the synthesis of propargyl hydrazines, which have applications in the field of chemical biology and drug discovery.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of propargyl thioethers, which can be used in the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a building block for the synthesis of propargyl aziridines, which are useful in the development of biologically active compounds.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the production of propargyl thiols, which can be used as odorants and flavorants in the food and beverage industry.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the synthesis of propargyl carbazates, which are versatile intermediates in organic chemistry.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the formulation of specialty paints and coatings for artistic and decorative applications.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reactant in the preparation of propargyl selenides, which have applications in the synthesis of organoselenium compounds.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the synthesis of propargyl oximes, which can serve as building blocks in organic synthesis.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the preparation of propargyl imidates, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the formulation of specialty inks for various printing applications, including packaging and labeling.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a reagent in the synthesis of propargyl carbodiimides, which are versatile intermediates in chemical reactions.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in the production of specialty surfactants used in the formulation of cleaning products.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in the preparation of propargyl phosphinates, which have applications in the development of novel chemical compounds.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the synthesis of propargyl urethanes, which can be used as coatings for medical devices and implants.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol serves as a building block for the preparation of propargyl phosphoramidates, which are potential candidates in drug discovery.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol continues to play a vital role in a wide range of industries, contributing to advancements in chemistry, materials science, and product development.



DESCRIPTION


Prop-2-yn-1-ol, also known as 2-propyn-1-ol or ethynyl alcohol, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H4O.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is an alcohol that contains a triple bond between the second carbon (C2) and the oxygen (O) atom.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used in various chemical reactions and organic synthesis processes due to its unique chemical structure.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is also known for its flammable and reactive nature, and it should be handled with care in laboratory and industrial settings.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a colorless, flammable liquid at room temperature.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is an organic compound with a unique triple bond between carbon atoms.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is also known as ethynyl alcohol.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol has a molecular formula of C3H4O.

The IUPAC name for it is 2-propyn-1-ol.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is soluble in water and many organic solvents.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol has a pungent, acrid odor.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used as a chemical intermediate in various organic syntheses.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is important in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a terminal alkyne, meaning the triple bond is at the end of the carbon chain.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can undergo addition reactions with electrophiles.
It is highly reactive due to the presence of the triple bond.
In the presence of strong acids, it can be converted to other functional groups.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a common starting material in the synthesis of other chemicals.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol can be used as a precursor to make acetylene gas (ethyne).
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is used in the preparation of specialty chemicals.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol should be handled with caution due to its flammability.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is employed in some organic reactions as a nucleophile.

In the laboratory, it is often used in organic chemistry experiments.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol has a low boiling point, making it easily vaporizable.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is sometimes used in the production of plastics and resins.

Prop-2-yn-1-ol has applications in the manufacturing of rubber chemicals.
In industry, it may be utilized in the synthesis of pesticides.
Proper safety measures and protective equipment should be used when handling Prop-2-yn-1-ol due to its reactivity and potential hazards.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: C3H4O
Molecular Weight: 56.06 g/mol
Physical State: Colorless liquid
Odor: Pungent and acrid
Melting Point: -69.2 °C (-92.6 °F)
Boiling Point: 81.6 °C (178.9 °F)
Density: 0.865 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility: Soluble in water and many organic solvents
Flash Point: -18 °C (-0.4 °F)
Vapor Pressure: 19 mm Hg at 20 °C


Chemical Properties:

Functional Group: Terminal alkyne (-C≡C) and hydroxyl (-OH) group
Reactivity: Highly reactive due to the presence of a triple bond (alkyne)
pH: Typically neutral when dissolved in water
Flammability: Flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air
Miscibility: Miscible with many organic solvents, including acetone, ether, and ethanol



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately, away from the source of exposure.
Keep the person calm and encourage deep breaths.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing and does not have a pulse, begin CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and continue until medical professionals arrive.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes if they come into contact with Prop-2-yn-1-ol.
Wash the affected skin area gently with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use mild soap to cleanse the skin, but do not scrub vigorously.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or chemical burns develop.


Eye Contact:

Immediately rinse the affected eye(s) with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelid(s) open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so after the initial rinse.
Continue rinsing while seeking immediate medical attention from an eye specialist.
Do not delay medical treatment, even if symptoms seem minor, as eye injuries can worsen over time.


Ingestion:

If Prop-2-yn-1-ol is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for guidance.


General First Aid:

If there are any signs of discomfort, irritation, or adverse health effects after exposure to Prop-2-yn-1-ol, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide the medical personnel with information about the chemical, including its name, CAS number, and the circumstances of exposure.
If assisting someone exposed to the chemical, ensure that you are also safe from exposure and follow appropriate personal protective measures, such as wearing gloves and eye protection.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling Prop-2-yn-1-ol.
This may include but is not limited to:
Chemical-resistant gloves
Safety goggles or a face shield to protect the eyes
A lab coat or chemical-resistant apron
Closed-toe shoes with chemical-resistant soles
A chemical-resistant apron or lab coat
Respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate or exposure levels are high

Ventilation:

Work with Prop-2-yn-1-ol in a well-ventilated area, such as a chemical fume hood, to minimize inhalation exposure.
Ensure that the ventilation system effectively removes vapors and maintains a safe working environment.

Avoidance of Contact:

Minimize skin and eye contact with the chemical.
Use appropriate PPE to prevent accidental contact.

Handling Precautions:

Use caution when transferring or pouring Prop-2-yn-1-ol to prevent spills or splashes.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical.

Labeling:

Ensure that containers holding Prop-2-yn-1-ol are properly labeled with its name, hazard warnings, and safety information.


Storage:

Storage Area:

Store Prop-2-yn-1-ol in a dedicated storage area away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, strong bases, and strong oxidizing agents.
Keep the storage area cool, dry, and well-ventilated.

Container Selection:

Use containers made of materials compatible with Prop-2-yn-1-ol, such as glass or chemical-resistant plastics (e.g., high-density polyethylene).
Ensure that containers are tightly sealed to prevent leaks or evaporation.

Separation from Incompatibles:

Keep Prop-2-yn-1-ol separated from incompatible chemicals and substances to avoid potential reactions or hazards.

Flammability Precautions:

Store away from open flames, heat sources, and ignition sources.
Ensure that there are no smoking or open flame sources in the storage area.

Labeling and Identification:

Clearly label all containers with the chemical's name, hazard information, and storage instructions.
Consider using color-coded labels or hazard signs to easily identify the contents.

Storage Temperature:

Store Prop-2-yn-1-ol at the appropriate temperature, which is typically room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F).

Spill Containment:

Have spill containment materials, such as absorbent materials and spill kits, readily available in the storage area.

Security Measures:

Limit access to the storage area to authorized personnel only.
Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access or tampering.



SYNONYMS


Ethynyl alcohol
2-Propyn-1-ol
Ethynylcarbinol
Ethinylcarbinol
Acetylenyl alcohol
Propargyl alcohol
Hydroxyacetylene
Propinol
Ethynol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
2-Hydroxy-1-propyne
Ethinylmethanol
1-Propin-1-ol
1-Propyne-1-ol
Vinyl carbinol
Methyl ketene
Propargyl hydroxide
Acetylenemethanol
Ethinol
Ethynylmethanol
Ethinylethanol
Ethynylcarbinol
Propargyl alcohol
Ethynylmethanol
2-Propynol
Propargyl methanol
Hydroxyethyne
1-Hydroxypropyne
1-Propyne-1-ol
Propynyl alcohol
Hydroxylethyne
Acetylenecarbinol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
Ethynyl ethyl alcohol
Methyl ethynyl carbinol
Acetylenylmethanol
Ethynyl ethylmethanol
Propynylmethanol
Acetylene ethanol
Methyl acetylenol
Ethynylmethanol
Acetylene carbinol
2-Hydroxypropyne
Ethynyl carbinol
2-Propin-1-ol
Prop-2-yn-1-yl alcohol
1-Ethynyl-1-hydroxyethane
Ethinylmethylethanol
Ethynylcarbinol
Acetylenylmethanol
Ethynylmethylethyl alcohol
Methyl ethynylmethanol
Propargylcarbinol
Hydroxyacetylenemethane
Ethynyl alcohol
Propynylmethylethanol
Ethinylmethylethanol
Acetylenyl ethyl alcohol
Ethinylmethylethyl alcohol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Ethynyl-1-hydroxy-ethane
Acetylenylmethylcarbinol
Propynylmethylmethanol
2-Propynylalcohol
Ethinyl ethylmethanol

SYNONYMS 1,2-Propanediol, Propylene glycol;1,2-DIHYDROXYPROPANE;(+/-)-1,2-PROPANEDIOL;1,2-PROPANEDIOL;1,2-PROPYLENE GLYCOL;ARCOPLUS(R);ARCTIC PLUS(R);DOWFROST(TM);FEMA 2940;GLYCOL-PROPYLENE;METHYL GLYCOL;Methylglyeol;MONO PROPYLENE GLYCOL CAS NO:57-55-6

Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is miscible with water, ethanol and ether.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colourless liquid and an isomer of 2-propanol.


CAS Number: 71-23-8
EC Number: 200-746-9
MDL Number: MFCD00002941
Molecular Formula: C3H8O / CH3CH2CH2OH



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optal, 1-hydroxypropane, osmosol extra, Propylic alcohol, Propanol-1, 1-Propyl alcohol, n-Propan-1-ol, Propanole, Propanolen, Alcohol, propyl,
Propanoli, Ethyl carbinol, Alcool propylique, Propylowy alkohol, n-Propyl alkohol, Albacol, 142583-61-7, propane-1-ol, 1-PROPONOL, propylalcohol, Propyl alcohol, normal Caswell No. 709A, FEMA No. 2928, FEMA Number 2928, Propyl alcohol (natural), Propyl alcohol, n-, Propyl-d7 alcohol, NSC 30300, CCRIS 3202, HSDB 115, n-Propylalkohol, EINECS 200-746-9, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 047502, n-PrOH, UNII-96F264O9SV, BRN 1098242, DTXSID2021739, CHEBI:28831, AI3-16115, Propylan-propyl alcohol, 96F264O9SV, Propyl-1,1-d2 alcohol, MFCD00002941, NSC-30300, 62309-51-7, UN 1274, Propyl-3,3,3-d3 alcohol, DTXCID001739,
PROPANOL-2,2-D2, PROPYL ALCOHOL (PROPANOL), EC 200-746-9, 4-01-00-01413 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 1-Propanol, anhydrous, 1-Propanol-D1, Propanol, Propan-1-ol, POL, Propanol, 1-, PROPANOL (EP MONOGRAPH), PROPANOL [EP MONOGRAPH], PROPYL ALCOHOL (MART.), PROPYL ALCOHOL [MART.], PROPYL-2-D1 ALCOHOL, 188894-71-5, 70907-80-1, 89603-83-8, 1 Propanol, UN1274, Hydroxypropane, ethyl methanol, n-propylalcohol, normal propanol, 3-propanol, nPrOH, HOPr, PrOH, normal propyl alcohol, Caswell No 709A, N-Propanol ACS grade, n-C3H7OH, 1-Propanol, HPLC Grade, bmse000446, N-PROPANOL [HSDB], PROPANOL [WHO-DD], 1-Propanol, >=99%, PROPYL ALCOHOL [MI], Pesticide Code: 047502, PROPYL ALCOHOL [FCC], WLN: Q3, CHEMBL14687, PROPYL ALCOHOL [FHFI], PROPYL ALCOHOL [INCI], 1-PROPANOL [USP-RS], 1-Propanol, analytical standard, 1-Propanol, JIS special grade, 1-Propanol, >=99%, FG, 1-Propanol, LR, >=99%, 1-Propanol, >=99.80%, BDBM36153, 1-Propanol, anhydrous, 99.7%, 1-Propanol, p.a., 99.5%, 1-Propanol, AR, >=99.5%, AMY11110, NSC30300, Tox21_302440, 1-Propanol, Spectrophotometric Grade, LMFA05000101, n-Propanol or propyl alcohol, normal, 1-Propanol, natural, >=98%, FG, Hydroxypropyl cellulose-SL (HPC-SL), 1-Propanol, >=99% (GC), purum, AKOS000249219, 1-Propanol, for HPLC, >=99.5%, 1-Propanol, for HPLC, >=99.9%, DB03175, 1-Propanol, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, 1-Propanol, HPLC grade, >=99.5%, CAS-71-23-8, 1-Propanol, purum, >=99.0% (GC), NCGC00255163-01, 1-Propanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, PROPYL-1,1,3,3,3-D5 ALCOHOL, 1-Propanol, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, FT-0608280, FT-0608281, FT-0627482, NS00001811, P0491, 1-Propanol, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.0%, EN300-19337, C05979,
Q14985, A837125, InChI=1/C3H8O/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H, J-505102, 1-Propanol, for inorganic trace analysis, >=99.8%, F0001-1829, 1-Propanol, puriss. p.a., Reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.5% (GC), 1-Propanol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, n-Propanol or propyl alcohol, normal [UN1274], 5VQ, Propan-1-ol Other Names: n-Propyl alcohol, n-Propanol, n-PrOH, Ethylcarbinol, 1-Hydroxypropane, Propionic alcohol, Propionyl alcohol, Propionylol, Propyl alcohol, Propylic alcohol, Propylol, (1-hydroxypropane, 1-propanol, anhydrous, alcohol C3, ethyl carbinol, normal-propanol, normal-propyl alcohol, n-propanol, n-propanol (propyl alcohol, normal), OPTAL, OS MOSOL, osmosol extra, propan-1-ol, propanol, propyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, normal, propylic alcohol, Propyl alcohol, n-Propan-1-ol, n-Propanol, n-Propyl alcohol, Ethylcarbinol, Optal, Osmosol extra, Propanol, Propylic alcohol, 1-Propyl alcohol, n-C3H7OH, 1-Hydroxypropane, Propanol-1, Propan-1-ol, n-Propyl alkohol, Alcool propilico, Alcool propylique, Propanole, Propanolen, Propanoli, Propylowy alkohol, UN 1274, Propylan-propyl alcohol, NSC 30300, Alcohol, propyl, n-C3H7OH, Propanol, 1-Propanol, n-Propanol, Propan-1-ol, Propyl Alcohol, femanumber2928, ethyl carbinol, alcoolpropilico, n-propyl alcohol, n-ppropylalcohol, alcoolpropylique, Natural Propyl Alcohol, epapesticidechemicalcode047502, 1 Propanol, 1-Hydroxypropane, 1-Propanol, 1-Propyl alcohol, Alcohol, propyl, Ethyl carbinol, Ethylcarbinol, Hydroxypropane, N Propanol, N-Propan-1-ol, n-Propyl alcohol, n-Propanol, n-PrOH, Ethyl carbinol, 1-Hydroxypropane, Propionic alcohol, Propionyl alcohol, Propionylol, Propyl alcohol, Propylic alcohol, Propylol, 1-Hydroxypropane, 1-Propyl alcohol, Alcohol, propyl, Alcool propilico, Alcool propylique, Ethylcarbinol, N-PROPYL ALCOHOL, NSC 30300, Optal, Osmosol extra, PROPYL ALCOHOL, Propan-1-ol, Propanol, Propanol-1, Propanole, Propanolen, Propanoli, Propylan-propyl alcohol, Propylic alcohol, Propylowy alkohol, UN 1274, n-C3H7OH, n-Propan-1-ol, n-Propanol, n-Propyl alkohol, 1-propanol, propanol, n-propanol, Propyl alcohol, Propan-1-ol, n-Propyl alcohol, ethylcarbinol, 1-hydroxypropane, 1-Hydroxypropane, 1-propanol, 1-Propanol, ethyl carbinol, Ethylcarbinol, n-propan-1-ol, n-Propanol, N-PROPANOL, n-Propyl alcohol, n-Propylalkohol, Optal, Osmosol extra, propan-1-ol, Propan-1-ol, Propane-1-ol, Propanol, propanol-1, Propyl alcohol, UN 1274,



Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is colorless clear liquid with ethanol-like odor.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is with water, alcohol, ether, hydrocarbon and other solvents miscible.
The chemical properties of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) are similar to those of other low molecular weight aliphatic primary alcohols.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is miscible with water, ethanol and ether.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), also known as propanol or ethylcarbinol, is a member of the class of compounds known as primary alcohols.
Primary alcohols are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl).


Thus, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be found in a number of food items such as cashew nut, chinese mustard, greenthread tea, and chayote, which makes propyl alcohol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be found primarily in blood, feces, and saliva, as well as in human fibroblasts tissue.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans.
In humans, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is involved in the sulfate/sulfite metabolism.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is also involved in sulfite oxidase deficiency, which is a metabolic disorder.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary alcohols.
Primary alcohols are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl).


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH and sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colourless liquid and an isomer of 2-propanol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.


This colorless liquid, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), is also known as propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, n-propanol, or simply propanol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is an isomer of isopropanol (2-propanol, isopropyl alcohol).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has high octane numbers and it is suitable for engine fuel usage.


However, the production of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has been too expensive to make it a common fuel.
The research octane number (RON) of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is 118 and anti-knock index (AKI) is 108.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is also known as 1-propanol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, or simply propanol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is an isomer of propan-2-ol.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) (also propan-1-ol, propanol, n-propyl alcohol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH and sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colourless liquid and an isomer of 2-propanol.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a sharp musty odor like rubbing alcohol.


Flash point of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is 53-77 °F.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) vapors are heavier than air and mildly irritate the eyes, nose, and throat.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is the parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has a role as a protic solvent and a metabolite.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a short-chain primary fatty alcohol and a member of propan-1-ols.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a natural product found in Aloe africana, Cichorium endivia, and other organisms with data available.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a primary alcohol in which the OH entity is bonded to a primary carbon atom.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) (CH3CH2CH2OH) is one of two isomers of propanol (C3H8O); the other is 2-propanol ((CH3)2CHOH).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a clear, colourless transparent liquid that has a typical sharp musty odour that is comparable with the smell of rubbing alcohol.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol)belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary alcohols.
Primary alcohols are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is one of the most common types of alcohol.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
Propan-1-ol, n-propyl alcohol, 1-propyl alcohol, or n-propanol are all names for this colourless oil.
Alcohols are those organic compounds which are characterised by the presence of one, two or more hydroxyl groups (−OH) that are attached to the carbon atom in an alkyl group or hydrocarbon chain.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is the parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has a role as a protic solvent and a metabolite.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a short-chain primary fatty alcohol and a member of propan-1-ols.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a sharp musty odor like rubbing alcohol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a sharp musty odor like rubbing alcohol.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a low molecular weight alcohol that is currently being investigated as an alternative fuel for direct methanol/oxygen fuel cells.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a primary alcohol with a molecular formula of CH3(CH2)2OH.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colourless, transparent liquid that has a typical sharp musty odor that is comparable with the smell of rubbing alcohol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is fully miscible in water and freely miscible with all common solvents such as glycols, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, ethers and aliphatic hydrocarbons.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has a flash point of around 15° C and improves drying in coating applications.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a compound in which one hydrogen atom in the propane molecule is replaced by a hydroxyl group.
Since the hydroxyl group can replace hydrogen on both ends of the carbon chain or the intermediate carbon atom, two isomers of N-Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) and isopropanol can be formed.


The chemical properties of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) and ethanol similar to carbon monoxide and hydrogen synthesis of methanol by-products, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, are colorless transparent liquid, fragrance.
In industry, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is prepared from ethylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen under high pressure and cobalt catalysis, and it is prepared from propylene in the action of sulfuric acid or from acetone by catalytic hydrogenation reaction.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) also known as n-propanol, n-propyl alcohol, propionic alcohol and propylol has the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
Like other alcohols, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has a hydroxy group, —OH, attached to a saturated carbon atom.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be abbreviated as PrOH or (n-PrOH).


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colorless liquid at room temperature and pressure.
Like other alcohols, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can have hydrogen bonds between its molecules which strengthen its intermolecular interactions and result in much higher values of physical properties like melting and boiling points in comparison to many other organic and inorganic substances with similar molecular weights.


For example, while Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) boils at 97 °C, methoxyethane (CH3OCH2CH3) with the same molecular weight but no hydrogen bonds between its molecules boils at 7.4 °C.
Like other alcohols, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has both a hydrophilic (literally water loving) group, which is the hydroxy group (—OH), and a hydrophobic (lipophilic or literally fat loving) group which is the propyl group (—CH2CH2CH3).


In addition to Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), another alcohol, 2-propanol or propan-2-ol, exists with the molecular formula of C3H8O which has its hydroxy group attached to the middle carbon (it has the form CH3CHOHCH3).
These two alcohols, propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol, in a broad sense are constitutional (structural) isomers of each other.


In a more specific way, they are position isomers (positional isomers) of each other.
One should note that by constitutional isomerism we mean isomerism between structures differing in constitution like CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3CHOHCH3 and CH3CH2OCH3 as constitutional isomers of each other; while by position isomerism (regioisomerism) we mean isomerism between structures differing in the position of a functional group or substituent on a same parent structure like CH3CH2CH2OH and CH3CHOHCH3 as positional isomers of each other.


Position isomerism can be considered as a specific form of constitutional isomerism.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has some applications like its use as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is industrially produced by catalytic hydrogenation of propanal (CH3CH2CH=O + H2 —> CH3CH2CH2OH) where propanal itself is obtained from the hydroformylation or oxo reaction of ethylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen together (H2C=CH2 + CO + H2 —> CH3CH2CH=O).


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can also be produced naturally in small amounts by fermentation processes.
Considering its octane number and anti-knock index, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is suitable for engine fuel usage which is hindered by its price.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry mainly for resins and cellulose esters.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has high octane numbers and it is suitable for engine fuel usage.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, and for resins and cellulose esters.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, food and animals feeds.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, anti-freeze products, coating products, finger paints, washing & cleaning products, adhesives and sealants, polishes and waxes and perfumes and fragrances.


Other release to the environment of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


Other release to the environment of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be found in products with material based on: wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the following products: coating products, laboratory chemicals, washing & cleaning products, lubricants and greases, metal working fluids and plant protection products.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and vehicles and textile, leather or fur.


Other release to the environment of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the following products: coating products and inks and toners.
Release to the environment of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, manufacturing of the substance, formulation in materials and in processing aids at industrial sites.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals, coating products, pharmaceuticals, washing & cleaning products, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the following areas: health services and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and manufacturing of the substance.


Release to the environment of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Density of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) approximately is 6.5 lb / gal.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, rubbing alcohols, soaps, window cleaners, acetone and other chemicals and products.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, mainly for resins and cellulose esters, and, sometimes, as a disinfecting agent.


Pharmaceuticals, floor polishes, dental lotions, lacquers, printing inks, natural gums, pigments, intermediates, dye solutions, antifreeze, gasoline additives, paint additives, and degreasing fluids all use Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) as a solvent.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has low acute toxicity for animals when administered via the dermal, inhalation, or oral routes; it is not irritating to the skin, and dermal absorption is expected to be sluggish. n-Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is easily metabolized and has no carcinogenic or mutagenic properties.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as a solvent, in many cases can replace the lower boiling point of ethanol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is also used as a coupling and dispersing agent in the pharmaceutical and chemicals industries.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, rubbing alcohols, soaps, window cleaners, acetone and other chemicals and products.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, rubbing alcohols, soaps, window cleaners, acetone and other chemicals and products.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as a solvent or to make other solvents including antifreezes, lacquer formulas, soaps, dye solutions, and window cleaners.


In the printing industry and in printing ink, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) compounds such as isopropanol or isopropyl alcohol are most widely used.
In pharmaceutics, hospitals, clean rooms, and electronics or medical device manufacturing, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is the most popular and widely used disinfectant.


Tremors, angina (chest pain), hypertension (high blood pressure), heart rhythm problems, and other heart or circulatory issues are treated with Propan-1-ol (n-propanol).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol)’s also used to treat or avoid heart attacks, as well as to lessen the severity and frequency of migraines.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), also known as n-propyl alcohol or 1-propanol, is one of two isomeric alcohols used in chemical processing as solvents and intermediates.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is most commonly used as a solvent in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as in lacquer preparation.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) produces a variety of esters and ethers, some of which are commercially valuable.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is generally used as a solvent.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a good solvent, can be directly or through the synthesis of propyl acetate for coating, printing ink, daily chemical products and other fields.


N-propylamine, propylacetate, propylurea, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, n-bromopropane, perfluoropropionic acid, propylparaben and propylparaben can be synthesized from Propan-1-ol (n-propanol).
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of probenecid, sodium valproate, erythromycin, propylamine sulfate, 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid dipropyl ester.


The most important derivative of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is N-propylamine, which is mainly used in the production of pesticides such as azulene, endazole, isopropramine, trifluralin, and caecones.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can also be produced naturally in small amounts by fermentation processes.


Considering its octane number and anti-knock index, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is suitable for engine fuel usage which is hindered by its price.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used solvent, desinfective agent, analytical reagent, substrate for organic syntheses.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, mainly for resins and cellulose esters, and, sometimes, as a disinfecting agent.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is generally used as a solvent, is also the preparation of N-propylamine and other raw materials.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as chromatographic analysis reagents, solvents and cleaning agents.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used extraction solvents; GB 27601996: food flavors, food processing aids..


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is directly used as a solvent or synthesis of propyl acetate, used in Coating solvents, printing inks, cosmetics, etc.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticide intermediates N-propylamine, used in the production of feed additives, synthetic spices, etc.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of probenecid, sodium valproate, erythromycin, Jiantian, adhesive hemostatic agent BCA, propylthiamine, 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid dipropyl Ester, etc, used in food additives, plasticizers, spices and many other aspects; Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) derivatives, especially di-n-propylamine in medicine, pesticide production has many applications, used to produce pesticide sulfamethoxazole, bacteria killing, isopropylamine, maimao, sulfolin, flumol, etc.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as a solvent, in many cases can replace the lower boiling point of ethanol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used solvents and cleaning agents for vegetable oils, natural rubber, resins and cellulose esters.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is generally used as a solvent.


Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be used in Coating solvents, printing inks, cosmetics, etc., for the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, intermediates for the production of N-propylamine, for the production of feed additives, synthetic spices.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) in the pharmaceutical industry, food additives, plasticizers, spices and many other areas have a wide range of applications.


-Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as fuel:
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has high octane number and is suitable for engine fuel usage.
However, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is too expensive to use as a motor fuel.
The research octane number (RON) of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is 118, and anti-knock index (AKI) is 108.


-Industry Uses of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as a solvent in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, polishes, dental lotions, coatings, lacquers, printing inks, natural gums, pigments, intermediates, dye solutions, antifreeze, fuel additives, paint additives and de-greasing fluids.

Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is also used as a chemical intermediate to create esters, halides, propyl amines and propyl acetate.
The end-user markets of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) are the cosmetics, cleaning, motor, printing, coatings and chemical industries.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is also used as fuel in engines due to its high-octane count.

However, due to its expensive nature and low energy gains, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is not commonly used.
Commercial Uses: Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is used as a solvent in antifoaming in cosmetics, perfumes, flavours, fragrances, air care products, cleaning and furnishing products, paints, coatings, inks, personal care products, soaps and window cleaner.



STRUCTURE OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is one of the most common types of alcohol.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has the formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
Propan-1-ol, n-propyl alcohol, 1-propyl alcohol, or n-propanol are all names of this colourless oil.



PREPARATION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
*From Propionaldehyde:
Propionaldehyde is catalytically hydrogenated to produce Propan-1-ol (n-propanol).
Propionaldehyde is made by hydroformylation ethylene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst like cobalt octacarbonyl or a rhodium complex in the oxo phase.

H2C=CH2 + CO + H2 → CH3CH2CH=O
CH3CH2CH=O + H2 → CH3CH2CH2OH

The synthesis of methanol (methyl alcohol) from carbon monoxide and hydrogen produces propyl alcohol as a by-product.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can also be found in fusel oil.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is most commonly used as a solvent in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as in lacquer preparation.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colourless, flammable, and aromatic liquid that is miscible in all proportions with water and is moderately toxic.



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is colorless, transparent liquid with pungent scent, inflammable, soluble in water and ethanol.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol.
Thus Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be converted to alkyl halides; for example red phosphorus and iodine produce 1-iodopropane in 90% yield, while PCl3 with catalytic ZnCl2 gives 1-chloropropane.

Reaction with acetic acid in the presence of an H2SO4 catalyst under Fischer esterification conditions gives propyl acetate, while refluxing Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) overnight with formic acid alone can produce propyl formate in 65% yield.
Oxidation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol)with Na2Cr2O7 and H2SO4 gives only a 36% yield of propionaldehyde, and therefore for this type of reaction higher yielding methods using PCC or the Swern oxidation are recommended.

Oxidation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) with chromic acid yields propionic acid.
Some example reactions of 1-propanol:
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol.

Thus Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be converted to alkyl halides; for example red phosphorus and iodine produce n-propyl iodide in 80% yield, while PCl3 with catalytic ZnCl2 gives n-propyl chloride.
Reaction with acetic acid in the presence of an H2SO4 catalyst under Fischer esterification conditions gives propyl acetate, while refluxing propanol overnight with formic acid alone can produce propyl formate in 65% yield.

Oxidation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) with Na2Cr2O7 and H2SO4 gives a 36% yield of propionaldehyde, and therefore for this type of reaction higher yielding methods using PCC or the Swern oxidation are recommended.
Oxidation with chromic acid yields propionic acid.



PREPARATION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde.
Propionaldehyde is produced via the oxo process by hydroformylation of ethylene using carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as cobalt octacarbonyl or a rhodium complex.

H2C=CH2 + CO + H2 → CH3CH2CH=O
CH3CH2CH=O + H2 → CH3CH2CH2OH
A traditional laboratory preparation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) involves treating n-propyl iodide with moist Ag2O.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Primary alcohol
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



PRODUCTION METHODS OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
*Recovery method from isopropanol by-products when propylene is directly hydrated to isopropanol, the by-product is N-propanol, from which the n-propanol is recovered.

*Hydrogenation of propylene oxide.
Propionaldehyde hydrogenation method from propionaldehyde, acrolein hydrogenation of N-propanol and allyl alcohol.

*Hydrogenation of allyl alcohol.

*Methanol method.
Oxo-ethene synthesis.
Derived from the oxidation of natural gas by carbon hydride.
Made from fusel oil.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a colorless transparent liquid.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has an ethanol-like odor.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a small amount is present in the fusel oil.

Density 0.8036.
Refractive index 1.3862.
Melting Point -127 °c.

Boiling point 97.19 °c.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is soluble in water, ethanol and ether.
The vapor forms of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) an explosive mixture with air, with an explosion limit of 2.5% to 8.7% by volume.



PREPARATION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is a major constituent of fusel oil, a by-product formed from certain amino acids when potatoes or grains are fermented to produce ethanol.
This is no longer a significant source of the material.

Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde.
The propionaldehyde is itself produced via the oxo process, by hydroformylation of ethylene using carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as cobalt octacarbonyl or a rhodium complex.

(1) H2C=CH2 + CO + H2 → CH3CH2CH=O
(2) CH3CH2CH=O + H2 → CH3CH2CH2OH
A traditional laboratory preparation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) involves treating 1-iodopropane with moist Ag2O.



HISTORY OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) was discovered in 1853 by Chancel, who obtained it by fractional distillation of fusel oil.



PREPARATION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde.
Propionaldehyde is produced via the oxo process by hydroformylation of ethylene using carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as cobalt octacarbonyl or a rhodium complex.

H2C=CH2 + CO + H2 → CH3CH2CH=O
CH3CH2CH=O + H2 → CH3CH2CH2OH
A traditional laboratory preparation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) involves treating n-propyl iodide with moist Ag2O.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol.
Thus Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be converted to alkyl halides; for example red phosphorus and iodine produce n-propyl iodide in 80% yield, while PCl3 with catalytic ZnCl2 gives n-propyl chloride.

Reaction with acetic acid in the presence of an H2SO4 catalyst under Fischer esterification conditions gives propyl acetate, while refluxing Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) overnight with formic acid alone can produce propyl formate in 65% yield.

Oxidation of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) with Na2Cr2O7 and H2SO4 gives a 36% yield of propionaldehyde, and therefore for this type of reaction higher yielding methods using PCC or the Swern oxidation are recommended.
Oxidation with chromic acid yields propionic acid.



PREPARATION METHOD OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
propionaldehyde is synthesized from ethylene by carbonyl, and then Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is obtained by hydrogenation.
Alternatively, Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be directly formed from ethylene and water using metal carbonyl compounds as catalysts.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can also be prepared by liquid phase oxidation using propane or butane as a raw material.



CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is miscible in water and freely miscible with all common solvents such as glycols, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, ethers and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is primarily used as a solvent in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, coatings and as a chemical intermediate.



HOW IS PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL) PRODUCED?
Normal Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is manufactured by a catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde.
The propionaldehyde is itself produced via the oxo process, by hydroformylation of ethylene using carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as cobalt octacarbonyl or a rhodium complex.

Hydrogenation is the process of adding pairs of hydrogen atoms to unsaturated compounds, with the aim of saturating these compounds.
H2C=CH2 + CO + H2 → CH3CH2CH=O
CH3CH2CH=O + H2 → CH3CH2CH2OH



HANDLING, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) has an NFPA health rating of 1.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) sits in the alcohol and polyol reactive groups.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) reacts with alkali metal, nitrides, oxoacids and carboxylic acids.

Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is not reactive with strong oxidising agents.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) reacts the same way as primary alcohols.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be converted to alkyl halides (red phosphorus, iodine), acetic acid to give propyl acetate and chromic acids to give propionic acid.



STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is typically bulk stored within a petrochemical storage facility for regulation.
Storage is normally in a cool, dry and well ventilated facility away from oxidising agents.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) should be kept out of direct sunlight, heat, and open flames.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) can be stored in drummed containers such as iso tanks made of stainless steel, aluminium or carbon steel.



DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL) AND ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL:
Propyl alcohol, also known as n-propyl alcohol or Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), is one of two isomeric alcohols used in chemical processing as solvents and intermediates.

Isopropyl alcohol is the second isomer (2-propanol).
Position isomerism can be seen in n-propyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol.
Constitutional isomers have the same carbon skeleton and functional groups, but the functional groups are in different places.

The OH group is present on the first C atom in n-propyl alcohol.
The OH group is present on the second C atom in isopropyl alcohol.
When heated with I2 and NaOH solution, isopropyl alcohol produces a yellow iodoform precipitate, while n-propyl does not.



PREPARATION OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
a clean production process for the hydrogenation of propionaldehyde to produce Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), comprising the following steps: a, when the crude Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) generated by the hydrogenation of propionaldehyde enters the distillation system, the stripping tower condenses and exchanges the three-phase azeotrope residue formed by the reaction by-product propyl propionate, water and Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), the gas phase material separated by the pervaporation membrane dehydration device is condensed to obtain wastewater A, which is mixed with the raw material propionaldehyde and enters the system again, the condensed residual gas is evacuated by a vacuum pump;
The liquid phase material separated by the pervaporation membrane dehydration unit is sent to rectification to separate Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) and propyl propionate in the liquid phase material.



CONTENT ANALYSIS OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
the content of Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) and volatile impurities was determined by gas chromatography (GT-10-4) using a polar column.



PURIFICATION METHOD OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
a chromatographic pure Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) preparation method, the specific preparation steps are as follows:(1) take 50g shell type activated carbon, after drying at 150 ° C for 8 hours, put it in a desiccator for cooling;(2) take 1000ml of analytical pure Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) into an extraction bottle, add 50g step (1) after the pre-treated activated carbon is shaken for 30 minutes, it is placed for 10 hours, the activated carbon is filtered out, and the Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is put into a 1000ml three-mouth distillation bottle; (3) after the rectification equipment is installed as required, the step (2) after further rectification of medium-Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), the reflux ratio was adjusted to 2:30, and 96.5-97.5 fractions were collected to obtain chromatographically pure Propan-1-ol (n-propanol), which was sampled and analyzed.
Inspection was conducted according to Q/12HB3730-2010 standard, and the yield of the finished product was about 88%.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) reacts with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is converted by oxidizing agents to propanal or propionic acid.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.



PROPERTIES OF PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) forms binary azeotropes with acetal, benzene, biacetyl,1-bromobutane, 2-bromobutane, n-butyl chloride, butyl formate, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane, 1-chloro-3-methylbutane, 1-chloro-2-methylpropane, diethoxymethane, dioxane, di-n-propyl ether, ethyl propionate, ethyl sulfide, ethylene chloride, fluorobenzene, n-hexane, 1-iodobutane, 2-iodobutane, 1-iodo-2-methylpropane, isobutyl formate, isobutyronitrile, methyl acrylate, 3-methyl-2-butanol, methyl butyrate, methyl isobutyrate, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, alpha-pinene, propyl acetate, n-propyl bromide, propyl formate, toluene, water.

Propan-1-ol (n-propanol) forms ternary azeotropes with water, acetaldehyde dipropylacetal; water, benzene; water, carbon tetrachloride; water, 1,3-cyclohexadiene; water, cyclohexane; water, cyclohexene; water, dipropoxymethane; water, ethoxypropoxymethane; water, 3-iodopropene; water, nitromethane; water, 3-pentanone; water, propyl acetate; water, propyl chloroacetate; water, propyl ether; water, propyl formate; water, trichloroethylene



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
Chemical formula: C3H8O
Molar mass: 60.096 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: mild, alcohol-like
Density: 0.803 g/mL
Melting point: −126 °C; −195 °F; 147 K
Boiling point: 97 to 98 °C; 206 to 208 °F; 370 to 371 K
Solubility in water: miscible
log P: 0.329
Vapor pressure: 1.99 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 16

Basicity (pKb): −2
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −45.176·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.387
Viscosity: 1.959 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment: 1.68 D
Heat capacity (C): 143.96 J/(K·mol)
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 192.8 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −302.79…−302.29 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −2.02156…−2.02106 MJ/mol
Molecular Weight: 60.10 g/mol
XLogP3: 0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 1

Exact Mass: 60.057514874 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 60.057514874 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 7.2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical and physical properties of n-propanol:
Molecular Formula: CH3CH2CH2OH / n-PrOH
Synonyms: 1-propanol, n-propanol alcohol, propan-1-ol,
propyl alcohol, n-PrOH, 1-hydroxypropane, propionic alcohol

Cas Number: 71-23-8
Molecular Mass: 60.096 g/mol-1
Exact Mass: 60.057515 g/mol
Flashpoint: 77 °F / 22 °C
Boiling Point: 207 °F (at 760 mm Hg) / 97.2 °C
Melting Point: -195 °F / -126 °C
Vapour Pressure: 1.99 kPa (at 20 °C)
Water Solubility: miscible
Density: 0.803 g/mL
Log P: 0.329
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: alcohol-like
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -127 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 97 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available

Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 13,7 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 2,1 %(V)
Flash point: 22 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 400 °C at 1.013,25 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 8,5 at 200 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 2,21 mPa.s at 20 °C
Water solubility: at 20 °C completely miscible
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 0,2 at 25 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: 19,3 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 0,804 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.

Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 23,45 mN/m at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: 2,07 - (Air = 1.0)
Boiling point: 96.5 - 98 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.8 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 2.1 - 19.2 %(V)
Flash point: 22 °C
Ignition temperature: 360 °C
Melting Point: -127 °C
pH value: 8.5 (200 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 19.3 hPa (20 °C)

pH: 7
Melting Point: -127°C
Color: Colorless
Formula Weight:60.1g/mol
Boiling Point: 97°C
Physical Form: Liquid
Vapor Pressure: 25mbar at 20°C
Viscosity: 2.2 mPaS at 20°C
CAS: 71-23-8
EINECS: 200-746-9
InChI: InChI=1/C3H8O/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3
Molecular Formula: C3H8O
Molar Mass: 60.1
Density: 0.804 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

Melting Point: -127°C(lit.)
Boling Point: 97°C(lit.)
Flash Point: 59°F
JECFA Number: 82
Water Solubility: soluble
Solubility: H2O: passes test
Vapor Presure: 10 mm Hg ( 147 °C)
Vapor Density: 2.1 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid
Color: <10(APHA)
Odor: Resembles that of ethyl alcohol.
Maximum wavelength(λmax):
['λ: 220 nm Amax: ≤0.40', , 'λ: 240 nm Amax: ≤0.071', 'λ: 275 nm Amax: ≤0.0044']
Merck: 14,7842
BRN: 1098242
pKa: >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993)

PH: 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Storage Condition: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Stability: Stable.
Molecular Weight：60.095
Exact Mass：60.0575
EC Number：200-746-9
UNII：96F264O9SV
ICSC Number：0553
NSC Number：30300
UN Number：1274
DSSTox ID：DTXSID2021739
Color/Form：Colorless liquid.
HScode：2905121000
PSA：20.23
XLogP3：0.3887
Appearance：colourless liquid
Density：0.8

Melting Point：-127ºC
Boiling Point：97ºC
Flash Point：15ºC
Refractive Index：1.384-1.386
Water Solubility：soluble
Storage Conditions：Store at RT.
Vapor Pressure：10 mm Hg ( 147 °C)
Vapor Density：2.1 (vs air)
Odor：Similar to ethanol
Odor perception threshold: <0.07-100 mg/cu-m;
odor recognition threshold: 0.32-150 mg/cu m
Taste： CHARACTERISTIC RIPE, FRUITY FLAVOR
OH：5.53e-12 cm3/molecule*sec
Henrys Law Constant：7.41e-06 atm-m3/mole
Henry's Law constant = 7.41X10-6 atm-cu m/mol @ 25 °C

Dissociation Constants：
pKa = 16.10
Heat of fusion: 20.66 cal/g
Heat of solution: (est) -9 BTU/lb= -5 cal/g= -0.2X10+5 J/kg
Reid Vapor Pressure: 0.87 psia
Liquid heat capacity= 0.566 BTU/lb-F @ 70 °F
Ideal gas heat capacity= 0.345 BTU/lb-F @ 75 °C
Water Solubility: 391 g/L
logP: 0.21
logP: 0.36
logS: 0.81
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 16.85
pKa (Strongest Basic): -2
Physiological Charge: 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 1

Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 20.23 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Refractivity: 17.53 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 7.23 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: Yes
MDDR-like Rule: No
Chemical Formula: C3H8O
IUPAC name: propan-1-ol
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C3H8O/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3
InChI Key: BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILES: CCCO
Average Molecular Weight: 60.095
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 60.057514878



FIRST AID MEASURES of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0,65 mm
Break through time: 120 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A (acc. to DIN 3181)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PROPAN-1-OL (n-PROPANOL):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

Propan-2-ol Isopropyl Alcohol Propan-2-ol (izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is an organic compound, an isomer of n-propanol, aliased dimethylmethanol, 2-propanol. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is a colorless, transparent liquid with a scent like a mixture of ethanol and acetone. Soluble in water, also soluble in most organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform, etc. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) has a wide range of uses as an organic raw material and solvent. 1）As a chemical raw material, it can produce acetone, hydrogen peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isopropylamine, diisopropyl ether, isopropyl chloride, and fatty acid isopropyl ester and chloro fatty acid isopropyl ester. 2）In the fine chemical industry, it can be used to produce isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, triisopropyl phosphite, aluminum isopropoxide, pharmaceuticals and pesticides, etc. It can also be used to produce diisopropanone, isopropyl acetate and Thymol and gasoline additives. 3）Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Can be used to produce coatings, inks, extractants, aerosols, etc. 4) In the electronics industry, Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) can be used as a cleaning and degreasing agent. 5) In the oil and fat industry, the extractant of cottonseed oil can also be used for degreasing of animal-derived tissue membranes. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) (IUPAC name propan-2-ol; commonly called Propan-2-olor 2-propanol) is a colorless, flammable chemical compound (chemical formula CH3CHOHCH3) with a strong odor.[8] As an isopropyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, it is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of 1-propanol and ethyl methyl ether. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is used in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial and household chemicals and is a common ingredient in chemicals such as antiseptics, disinfectants, and detergents. Names of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is also known as 2-propanol, sec-propyl alcohol, IPA, or isopropanol. IUPAC considers Propan-2-olan incorrect name as the hydrocarbon isopropane does not exist. Properties of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is miscible in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. It dissolves ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl butyral, many oils, alkaloids, gums and natural resins.[9] Unlike ethanol or methanol, Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is not miscible with salt solutions and can be separated from aqueous solutions by adding a salt such as sodium chloride. The process is colloquially called salting out, and causes concentrated Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) to separate into a distinct layer. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) forms an azeotrope with water, which gives a boiling point of 80.37 °C (176.67 °F) and a composition of 87.7 wt% (91 vol%) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA). Water-Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) mixtures have depressed melting points.[10] It has a slightly bitter taste, and is not safe to drink. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) becomes increasingly viscous with decreasing temperature and freezes at -89 °C (-128 °F). Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) has a maximal absorbance at 205 nm in an ultraviolet-visible spectrum. Reactions of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) can be oxidized to acetone, which is the corresponding ketone. This can be achieved using oxidizing agents such as chromic acid, or by dehydrogenation of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) over a heated copper catalyst: (CH3)2CHOH → (CH3)2CO + H2 Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is often used as both solvent and hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction and other transfer hydrogenation reactions. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) may be converted to 2-bromopropane using phosphorus tribromide, or dehydrated to propene by heating with sulfuric acid. Like most alcohols, Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) reacts with active metals such as potassium to form alkoxides that can be called isopropoxides. The reaction with aluminium (initiated by a trace of mercury) is used to prepare the catalyst aluminium isopropoxide.[14] History of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) In 1920, Standard Oil first produced Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) by hydrating propene. Its major use at the time was not rubbing alcohol but for oxidation to acetone, whose first major use was in World War I for the preparation of cordite, a smokeless, low explosive propellant. Production of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) In 1994, 1.5 million tonnes of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) were produced in the United States, Europe, and Japan.[16] It is primarily produced by combining water and propene in a hydration reaction or by hydrogenating acetone. There are two routes for the hydration process and both processes require that the Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) be separated from water and other by-products by distillation. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) and water form an azeotrope, and simple distillation gives a material that is 87.9% by weight Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) and 12.1% by weight water.[18] Pure (anhydrous) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is made by azeotropic distillation of the wet Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) using either diisopropyl ether or cyclohexane as azeotroping agents.[16] Biological of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Small amounts of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) are produced in the body in diabetic ketoacidosis.[19] Indirect hydration of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Indirect hydration reacts propene with sulfuric acid to form a mixture of sulfate esters. This process can use low-quality propene, and is predominant in the USA. These processes give primarily Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) rather than 1-propanol, because adding water or sulfuric acid to propene follows Markovnikov's rule. Subsequent hydrolysis of these esters by steam produces Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA), by distillation. Diisopropyl ether is a significant by-product of this process; it is recycled back to the process and hydrolyzed to give the desired product. CH3CH=CH2 + H2O H2SO4⟶ (CH3)2CHOH Direct hydration of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) See also: Heteropoly acid Direct hydration reacts propene and water, either in gas or liquid phase, at high pressures in the presence of solid or supported acidic catalysts. This type of process usually requires higher-purity propylene (> 90%).[16] Direct hydration is more commonly used in Europe. Hydrogenation of acetone Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) may be prepared via the hydrogenation of acetone, however this approach involves an extra step compared to the above methods, as acetone is itself normally prepared from propene via the cumene process.[16] It may remain economical depending on the value of the products. A known issue is the formation of MIBK and other self-condensation products. Raney nickel was one of the original industrial catalysts, modern catalysts are often supported bimetallic materials. This is an efficient process and easy Uses of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) One of the small scale uses of Propan-2-olis in cloud chambers. Propan-2-olhas ideal physical and chemical properties to form a supersaturated layer of vapor which can be condensed by particles of radiation. In 1990, 45,000 metric tonnes of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) were used in the United States, mostly as a solvent for coatings or for industrial processes. In that year, 5400 metric tonnes were used for household purposes and in personal care products. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is popular in particular for pharmaceutical applications,[16] due to its low toxicity. Some Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is used as a chemical intermediate. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) may be converted to acetone, but the cumene process is more significant. [16] Solvent of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) dissolves a wide range of non-polar compounds. It also evaporates quickly, leaves nearly zero oil traces, compared to ethanol, and is relatively non-toxic, compared to alternative solvents. Thus, it is used widely as a solvent and as a cleaning fluid, especially for dissolving oils. Together with ethanol, n-butanol, and methanol, it belongs to the group of alcohol solvents, about 6.4 million tonnes of which were used worldwide in 2011.[20] Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is commonly used for cleaning eyeglasses, electrical contacts, audio or video tape heads, DVD and other optical disc lenses, removing thermal paste from heatsinks on CPUs and other IC packages, etc. Intermediate Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is esterified to give isopropyl acetate, another solvent. It reacts with carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide to give sodium isopropylxanthate, a herbicide and an ore flotation reagent.[21] Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) reacts with titanium tetrachloride and aluminium metal to give titanium and aluminium isopropoxides, respectively, the former a catalyst, and the latter a chemical reagent.[16] This compound may serve as a chemical reagent in itself, by acting as a dihydrogen donor in transfer hydrogenation. Medical of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Rubbing alcohol, hand sanitizer, and disinfecting pads typically contain a 60-70% solution of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) or ethanol in water. Water is required to open up membrane pores of bacteria, which acts as a gateway for Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA). A 75% v/v solution in water may be used as a hand sanitizer.[22] Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is used as a water-drying aid for the prevention of otitis externa, better known as swimmer's ear.[23] Early uses as an anesthetic Although Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) can be used for anesthesia, its many negative attributes or drawbacks prohibit this use. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) can also be used similarly to ether as a solvent[24] or as an anesthetic by inhaling the fumes or orally. Early uses included using the solvent as general anesthetic for small mammals[25] and rodents by scientists and some veterinarians. However, it was soon discontinued, as many complications arose, including respiratory irritation, internal bleeding, and visual and hearing problems. In rare cases, respiratory failure leading to death in animals was observed. Automotive Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is a major ingredient in "gas dryer" fuel additives. In significant quantities, water is a problem in fuel tanks, as it separates from gasoline and can freeze in the supply lines at low temperatures. Alcohol does not remove water from gasoline, but the alcohol solubilizes water in gasoline. Once soluble, water does not pose the same risk as insoluble water, as it no longer accumulates in the supply lines and freezes but is consumed with the fuel itself. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is often sold in aerosol cans as a windshield or door lock deicer. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is also used to remove brake fluid traces from hydraulic braking systems, so that the brake fluid (usually DOT 3, DOT 4, or mineral oil) does not contaminate the brake pads and cause poor braking. Mixtures of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) and water are also commonly used in homemade windshield washer fluid. Laboratory As a biological specimen preservative, Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) provides a comparatively non-toxic alternative to formaldehyde and other synthetic preservatives. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) solutions of 70-99% are used to preserve specimens. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is often used in DNA extraction. A lab worker adds it to a DNA solution to precipitate the DNA, which then forms a pellet after centrifugation. This is possible because DNA is insoluble in Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA). Safety of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) vapor is denser than air and is flammable, with a flammability range of between 2 and 12.7% in air. It should be kept away from heat and open flame.[26] Distillation of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) over magnesium has been reported to form peroxides, which may explode upon concentration. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is a skin irritant. Wearing protective gloves is recommended. Toxicology of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) and its metabolite, acetone, act as central nervous system (CNS) depressants.[31] Poisoning can occur from ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Symptoms of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) poisoning include flushing, headache, dizziness, CNS depression, nausea, vomiting, anesthesia, hypothermia, low blood pressure, shock, respiratory depression, and coma.[31] Overdoses may cause a fruity odor on the breath as a result of its metabolism to acetone.[32] Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) does not cause an anion gap acidosis but it produces an osmolal gap between the calculated and measured osmolalities of serum, as do the other alcohols.[31] Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is oxidized to form acetone by alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver,[31] and has a biological half-life in humans between 2.5 and 8.0 hours.[31] Unlike methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning, the metabolites of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) are considerably less toxic, and treatment is largely supportive. Furthermore, there is no indication for the use of fomepizole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, unless co-ingestion with methanol or ethylene glycol is suspected. In forensic pathology, people who have died as a result of diabetic ketoacidosis usually have blood concentrations of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) of tens of mg/dL, while those by fatal Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) ingestion usually have blood concentrations of hundreds of mg/dL. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is an isomer of propyl alcohol with antibacterial properties. Although the exact mechanism of isopropanol's disinfecting action is not known, it might kill cells by denaturing cell proteins and DNA, interfering with cellular metabolism, and dissolving cell lipo-protein membranes. Propan-2-olis used in soaps and lotions as an antiseptic. Any clothing which becomes wet with liquid Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) should be removed immediately and not reworn until the Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is removed from the clothing. Clothing should then be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision can be made for the removal of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA), the person performing the operation should be informed of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA)'s hazardous properties. When a stream of hydrogen entrained Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) vapors and palladium particles, the mixture caught fire on exposure to air. Solutions of 90% nitroform in 10% Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) in polyethylene bottles exploded. The reaction between Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) and phosgene forms isopropyl chloroformate and hydrogen chloride. In the presence of iron salts thermal decomposition can occur, which in some cases can become explosive. Mixing oleum and Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) (without residue) may be used in inks for marking food supplements in tablet form, gum, and confectionery. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) may be present in the following foods under the conditions specified: (a) In spice oleoresins as a residue from the extraction of spice, at a level not to exceed 50 parts per million. (b) In lemon oil as a residue in production of the oil, at a level not to exceed 6 parts per million. (c) In hops extract as a residue from the extraction of hops at a level not to exceed 2.0 percent by weight: Provided, that, (1) The hops extract is added to the wort before or during cooking in the manufacture of beer. (2) The label of the hops extract specifies the presence of the Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) and provides for the use of the hops extract only as prescribed by paragraph (c)(1) of this section. WORKERS IN AN Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) PACKAGING PLANT BECAME ILL AFTER ACCIDENTAL EXPOSURE TO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) POTENTIATION OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE TOXICITY HAS BEEN SHOWN PREVIOUSLY ONLY IN RATS. ACETONE, A PRODUCT OF Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) METABOLISM, IS A MAJOR POTENTIATOR OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE TOXICITY. IDENTIFICATION: Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is an aliphatic alcohol hydrocarbon. It is prepared from propylene, which is obtained in the cracking of petroleum or by the reduction of acetone. It is a colorless liquid which is soluble in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene and chloroform. It is insoluble in salt solutions. It has a slight odor resembling a mixture of ethanol and acetone and has a slight bitter taste. It is used in antifreeze, industrial solvent, solvent for gums, shellac, essential oils, in quick drying oils, creosote and resins; extraction of alkaloids; in quick drying inks; in denaturing ethyl alcohol; in body rubs, hand lotions, after shave lotions, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals; in manufacture of acetone, glycerol, isopropyl acetate; antiseptic; rubefacient ; and pharmaceutical aid. HUMAN EXPOSURE: Toxic effects include central nervous depression, liver, kidney, cardiovascular depression and brain damage. It can cause drowsiness, ataxia, stupor, coma and respiratory depression, irritation of mucous membranes and eyes, gastritis, gastric hemorrhage, vomiting, pancreatitis, cold clammy skin, hypothermia, miosis, tachycardia, slow and noisy respiration. High risk of circumstances of poisoning: Accidental ingestion of rubbing alcohols/toiletries by children. There is a potential exposure from dermal and inhalation exposure in children during Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) sponging for control of fever. Intentional ingestion for alcoholic effect or in suicide attempts. Occupational or accidental exposure to liquid or its vapor in industrial applications. Individuals exposed to Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) include the following: workers in the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetic industry, chemical industry, petroleum workers, laboratory workers, printers, painters and carpenters and cabinet makers. There is little absorption through intact skin. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is a potent eye and skin irritant. 80% of an oral dose is absorbed within 30 minutes. Absorption is complete within 2 hours although this may be delayed in a large overdose. Alveolar concentration is correlated to the environmental concentration at any given time. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is absorbed through intact skin on prolonged exposure. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) distributes in body water with an apparent volume of distribution of 0.6-0.7 L/kg. 20-50% of an absorbed dose is excreted unchanged. Most Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is oxidized in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetone, formate and finally carbon dioxide. Acetone is slowly eliminated by the lung (40%) or kidney. Clinically insignificant excretion occurs into the stomach and saliva. Related keto acids are not produced in sufficient quantities to cause a severe metabolic acidosis. Inebriation, peripheral vasodilation has occurred. In children, hypoglycemia is particularly severe when poisoning following fasting, exercise or chronic malnutrition Lactic acidosis may occur in patients with severe liver disease, pancreatitis or receiving biguanide therapy or as a result of the hypovolemia which frequently accompanies severe intoxication. ANIMAL STUDIES: Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) most closely follows first order kinetics, with a half life of 2.5 to 3.2 hours. The elimination half life of the active metabolite acetone is significantly prolonged to about 5 hours in rats. In rat hepatocytes the following has been observed: marked depletion of glutathione, increased malondialdehyde production, decreased protein sulfhydryls content and leakage of lactic dehydrogenase with loss of membrane activity. A complete history and physical examination should be performed to detect pre existing conditions that might place the employee at increased risk, and to establish a baseline for future health monitoring. Examination of the skin, liver, kidneys, and respiratory system should be stressed. Skin disease: Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is a defatting agent and can cause dermatitis on prolonged exposure. Persons with pre existing skin disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this agent. Liver disease: Although Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is not known as a liver toxin in humans, the importance of this organ in the biotransformation and detoxification of foreign substances should be considered before exposing persons with impaired liver function. Kidney disease: Although Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) is not known as a kidney toxin in humans, the importance of this organ in the elimination of toxic substances justifies special consideration in those with impaired renal function. Chronic respiratory disease: In persons with impaired pulmonary function, especially those with obstructive airway diseases, the breathing of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) might cause exacerbation of symptoms due to its irritant properties. Periodic Medical Examination: The aforementioned medical examinations should be repeated on an annual basis. The assessment of Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) exposure can be accomplished through measurement of either Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) or acetone. Propan-2-ol(izopropil alkol, Isopropanol, IPA) measurement has not been found to be a good assessment of low level exposure, due to its low sensitivity. However, measurement of acetone has been found to be a good indicator of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) exposure for exposures as low as 70 ppm, and has been found to correlate well with air concentrations. Whole Blood Reference Ranges: Normal - none detected (Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)); Exposed - BAT (sampling time is end of exposure or end of shift, measured as the metabolite, acetone), 50 mg/l; Toxic - Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) level associated with serious toxic symptoms is 150 mg/l. Serum or Plasma Reference Ranges: Normal - none detected (Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)); Exposed - not established; and Toxic - not established. Urine Reference Ranges: The assessment of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) exposure can be accomplished through measurement of either Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) or acetone. However only acetone was found to be a useful test, due to its greater sensitivity and good correlation with air exposure levels. Normal - none detected (Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)); Exposed - BAT (sampling time is end of exposure or end of shift, measured as the metabolite, acetone), 50 mg/l; Toxic - Not established. Persons with pre existing skin disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this agent. ... In persons with impaired pulmonary function, especially those with obstructive airway diseases, the breathing of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) might cause exacerbation of symptoms due to its irritant properties. Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)'s production and use in the manufacture of acetone, glycerol, and isopropyl acetate and as a solvent for a variety of applications may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)'s use in hydraulic fracturing fluids results in its direct release to the environment. Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) has been identified as a metabolic product of aerobic microorganisms, anaerobic microorganisms, fungi, and yeast. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 45.4 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.2 days. If released to soil, Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1.5. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 8.10X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 86 hours and 29 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to occur due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups. Biodegradation is expected to be an important fate process based on the results of microbial screening tests. Occupational exposure to Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound directly and from consumer products containing Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA). ANAEROBIC: Typical Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) removal efficiencies for an anaerobic lagoon treatment facility, with a retention time of 15 days, were 50% after loading with dilute waste, and 69 and 74% after loading with concentrated wastes(1). In closed bottle studies, Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) was completely degraded anaerobically by an acetate-enriched culture, derived from a seed of domestic sludge(1). The culture started to use cross-fed Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA), after 4 days, at a rate of 200 mg/L/day(1). In a mixed reactor with a 20-day retention time, seeded by the same culture, 56% removal was achieved in the 20 days following 70 days of acclimation to a final concentration of 10,000 mg/L(1). The avg percent removal of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) in semi-pilot scale anaerobic lagoons was 50% in 7.5-10 days for dilute wastes with 60 ppm Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) and 69-74% in 20-40 days for concentrated wastes with 175 ppm Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)(2). Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) was readily mineralized to methane and carbon dioxide under methanogenic conditions(3). The degradation rate of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) under these conditions in fuel impacted river sediments and industrial/sewage impacted creek sediments was 2.4 ppm C/day (82% of expected methane recovery) and 3.0 ppm C/day (91% of expected methane recovery), respectively(3). The degradation rate of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) in a sediment slurry from a shallow anoxic aquifer under methanogenic conditions was 7.6 ppm C/day (112% of theoretical methane recovery)(4). In anaerobic bioreactor studies using a granular sludge inocula, Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) (at 125 ppm initial concentration) degraded with 115.5% of theoretical methane production over a 21-day incubation period(5); acetone was identified as a metabolite(5). In laboratory anaerobic sludge reactor tests using liquid hen manure as inoculum, Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) was degraded 100% in a 13-day incubation period with lag period(6). The Henry's Law constant for Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is 8.10X10-6 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 86 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 29 days(SRC). Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA)'s Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 45.2 mm Hg at 25 °C(3). The volatilization of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) from a runoff tank of an industrial wastewater treatment facility was measured; the volatilization rate of Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) ranged between 0.64-0.69 mg/sq m-min(4). The evaporation rate of a 1:1 Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA):water mixture from a shallow pool was 1.5 kg/sq-m per hour at a wind speed of 4.5 m/s and pool temperature of 20 °C and an ambient air temperature of 22 °C(5). Laboratory studies demonstrated that Isopropyl alcohol (izopropil alkol, isopropyl alcohol, IPA) will volatilize from water to air in the absence of wind(6).

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is soluble in cold water.


CAS Number: 141-82-2
EC Number: 205-503-0
MDL number: MFCD00002707
Linear Formula: CH2(COOH)2
Molecular Formula: C3H4O4 / COOHCH2COOH



Malonic acid, Carboxyacetic acid, Dicarboxymethane, Methanedicarboxylic acid, CH2(COOH)2, USAF EK-695, Kyselina malonova, Methanedicarbonic acid, NSC 8124 H2malo, HOOC-CH2-COOH, Malonic acid, MALONIC ACID, propanedioic acid, Propanedioic acid, PROPANEDIOIC ACID, MAAC, Daucic acid, CH2(COOH)2, Methane acid, Propandioic acid, Methanedicarbonic acid, METHANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, MALONIC ACID, 99%MALONIC ACID, 99%MALONIC ACID, 99%MALONIC ACID, 99%, Malonsure, malonic acid, propanedioic acid, 141-82-2, Dicarboxymethane, Carboxyacetic acid, Methanedicarboxylic acid, malonate, Kyselina malonova, USAF EK-695, 1,3-Propanedioic acid, Dicarboxylate, Malonicacid, Dicarboxylic acid, NSC 8124, UNII-9KX7ZMG0MK, 9KX7ZMG0MK, AI3-15375, H2malo, EINECS 205-503-0, MFCD00002707, BRN 1751370, Methanedicarbonic acid, CHEBI:30794, Thallium malonate, HOOC-CH2-COOH, NSC-8124, Propane-1,3-dioic acid, alpha,omega-Dicarboxylic acid, DTXSID7021659, HSDB 8437, NSC8124, 4-02-00-01874 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 1,3-Propanoic acid, PROPANEDIOLIC ACID, METAHNEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, 2fah, Malonic acid, 99%, Malonic acid (8CI), 1o4m, MLI, Malonate dicarboxylic acid, Malonic acid, 99.5%, Propanedioic acid (9CI), SCHEMBL336, WLN: QV1VQ, MALONIC ACID [MI], CH2(COOH)2, CHEMBL7942, MALONIC ACID [INCI], DTXCID401659, SCHEMBL1471092, BDBM14673, Propanedioic acid dithallium salt, Malonic acid, analytical standard, AMY11201, BCP05571, STR00614, Tox21_200534, AC8295, LMFA01170041, s3029, Malonic acid, ReagentPlus(R), 99%, AKOS000119034, CS-W019962, DB02175, PROPANEDIOIC ACID MALONIC ACID, NCGC00248681-01, NCGC00258088-01, BP-11453, CAS-141-82-2, SY001875, Malonic acid, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, FT-0628127, FT-0628128, FT-0690260, FT-0693474, M0028, NS00013842, EN300-18457, Malonic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, C00383, C02028, C04025, Q421972, J-521669, Z57965450, F1908-0177, Malonic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), 592A9849-68C3-4635-AA3D-CBC44965EA3A, Malonic acid, sublimed grade, >=99.95% trace metals basis, DICARBOXYLIC ACID C3; PROPANEDIOLIC ACID; METHANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, InChI=1/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7, Malonic acid, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), 99%, LML, Propanedioic acid, Methanedicarboxylic acid, H2Malo, HOOC-CH2-COOH, Propanedioic acid, Propanedioate, Malonate, alpha,Omega-dicarboxylic acid, Carboxyacetic acid, Dicarboxylate, Dicarboxylic acid, Dicarboxymethane, Kyselina malonova, Malonate dicarboxylic acid, Metahnedicarboxylic acid, Methanedicarbonic acid, Methanedicarboxylic acid, Propanedioic acid dithallium salt, Propanediolic acid, Thallium malonate, Malonic acid, 2-(14)C-labeled, Malonic acid, monocalcium salt, Malonic acid, 1,3-(14)C2-labeled, Malonic acid, diammonium salt, Malonic acid, disodium salt, Malonic acid, dithallium salt, Malonic acid, dipotassium salt, Malonic acid, disodium salt, 1-(14)C-labeled, Malonic acid, monosodium salt, Malonic acid, potassium salt, Malonic acid, sodium salt, Thallous malonate, Dithallium malonate, Monosodium malonate, Malonic acid, malonic acid, dicarboxymethane, carboxyacetic acid, methanedicarboxylic acid, kyselina malonova, usaf ek-695, dicarboxylate, dicarboxylic acid, kyselina malonova czech, propanediolic acid, Malonic acid, Carboxyacetic acid, Dicarboxymethane, Methanedicarboxylic acid, CH2(COOH)2, USAF EK-695, Kyselina malonova, Methanedicarbonic acid, NSC 8124, alpha,Omega-dicarboxylic acid, Carboxyacetic acid, Dicarboxylate, Dicarboxylic acid, Dicarboxymethane, H2Malo, HOOC-CH2-COOH, Kyselina malonova, Malonate, Malonate dicarboxylic acid, Malonic acid, 1,3-(14)C2-labeled, Malonic acid, 2-(14)C-labeled, Malonic acid, diammonium salt, Malonic acid, dipotassium salt, Malonic acid, disodium salt, Malonic acid, disodium salt, 1-(14)C-labeled, Malonic acid, dithallium salt, Malonic acid, monocalcium salt, Malonic acid, monosodium salt, Malonic acid, potassium salt, Malonic acid, sodium salt, Metahnedicarboxylic acid, Methanedicarbonic acid, Methanedicarboxylic acid, Propanedioate, Propanedioic acid, Propanedioic acid dithallium salt, Propanediolic acid, Thallium malonate, Thallous malonate, Dithallium malonate, Monosodium malonate, Malonic acid, Malonic Acid, Disodium Salt, 1 (14)C Labeled, Propanedioic Acid Dithallium Salt, Malonic Acid, 1,3 (14)C2 Labeled, Malonic Acid, Monocalcium Salt, Malonic Acid, Dipotassium Salt, Alpha,Omega Dicarboxylic Acid, Malonic Acid, 2 (14)C Labeled, Malonic Acid, Diammonium Salt, Malonic Acid, Dithallium Salt, Malonic Acid, Monosodium Salt, Malonic Acid, Potassium Salt, Malonic Acid, Disodium Salt, Malonate Dicarboxylic Acid, Malonic Acid, Sodium Salt, Metahnedicarboxylic Acid, Methanedicarboxylic Acid, Methanedicarbonic Acid, Dithallium Malonate, Monosodium Malonate, Carboxyacetic Acid, Propanediolic Acid, Propanedioic Acid, Dicarboxylic Acid, Kyselina Malonova, Thallium Malonate, Thallous Malonate, Dicarboxymethane, Hooc Ch2 Cooh, Propanedioate, Dicarboxylate, Malonate, H2 Malo, Propanedioic Acid-2-13C, 1,3-Propanedioic Acid-2-13C, Carboxyacetic Acid-2-13C, Dicarboxymethane-2-13C, Methanedicarboxylic Acid-2-13C, NSC 8124-2-13C, Malonic-2-13C Acid, [2-13C]Malonic Acid



Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), Reagent is a dicarboxylic acid which name originates from the Greek work, malon, meaning apple.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) contains calcium salt in high concentrations of beetroot.
Normally Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as white crystals.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid also referred to as propanedioic acid.
On the Kofler bench, the powdery body melts around 136°C and evaporates gradually.
Some impurities coat crystals which makes the determination of the melting point of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) very imprecise.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
The ionized form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a building block in organic synthesis.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also useful as a precursor for polyesters and alkyd resins, which is used in coating applications, thereby protecting against UV light, corrosion and oxidation.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is soluble in cold water.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has three kinds of crystal forms, of which two are triclinic, and one is monoclinic.


That crystallized from ethanol is white triclinic crystals.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) decomposes to acetic acid and carbon dioxide at 140℃.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) does not decompose at 1.067×103~1.333×103Pa vacuum, but directly sublimates.


The ionised form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.
For example, diethyl malonate is Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s ethyl ester.
The name originates from Latin malum, meaning apple.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has a role as a human metabolite.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is white crystals or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) sublimes in vacuum.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is water soluble.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), also known as propanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H4O4.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a white crystalline solid with a sour taste and is soluble in water and ethanol.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
The ionized form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has the chemical formula C3H4O4.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as a white, odorless crystal or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is soluble in Water, Ether, and Alcohol.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also known as Propanedioic acid or Dicarboxymethane.
The name is derived from the Greek word Malon which means apple.
Malonate is the ionized form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), along with its esters and salt.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as a white crystal or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) dissolves in alcohol, pyridine, and ether.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was first prepared in the year, 1858 by the French chemist Victor Dessaignes by the oxidation of malic acid.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is found in some fruits viz citrus fruits.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be produced through the fermentation of glucose.
Industrially, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is produced by the hydrolysis of diethyl malonate or dimethyl malonate.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a forerunner to polyester specialities.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
The ionised form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.


For example, diethyl malonate is Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s ethyl ester.
The name originates from Latin malum, meaning apple.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the archetypal example of a competitive inhibitor: It acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has the chemical formula C3H4O4.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as a white, odorless crystal or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is soluble in Water, Ether, and Alcohol.


Upon heating to decomposition temperature, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) emits irritating fumes and acrid smoke.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a precursor for conversion to 1,3-propanediol, which is a compound used in polyesters and polymers with the huge market size.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), also known as malonate or H2MALO is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2, belonging to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.
These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.


The ionised form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.
For example, diethyl malonate is Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s ethyl ester.
The name originates from Latin malum, meaning apple.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the archetypal example of a competitive inhibitor: it acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans.
Within humans, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) participates in a number of enzymatic reactions.
In particular, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and acetic acid can be converted into acetoacetic acid, which is mediated by the enzyme fatty acid synthase.


Beta ketoacyl synthase domain.
In addition, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)d and coenzyme A can be biosynthesized from malonyl-CoA through its interaction with the enzyme fatty acid synthase. malonyl/acetyl transferase domain.


A Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.
In humans, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Outside of the human body, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as red beetroots, corns, scarlet beans, common beets, and cow milks.


This could make Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), also known as malonate or H2MALO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.


These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans.


Within yeast, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) participates in a number of enzymatic reactions.
In particular, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and acetic acid can be converted into acetoacetic acid through the action of the enzyme fatty acid synthase.


Beta ketoacyl synthase domain.
In addition, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be biosynthesized from malonyl-CoA through its interaction with the enzyme fatty acid synthase. malonyl/acetyl transferase domain.


In yeast, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is involved in the metabolic pathway called fatty acid biosynthesis pathway.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has a white crystal or crystalline powder structure.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is naturally occurring and can be found in many vegetables, fruits.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was first prepared by Victor Dessaignes by the oxidation reaction of malic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the second smallest aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with oxalic acid being the smallest.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be confused with maleic or malic acid as both contain two carboxyl groups, but it is different.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) differs from these two acids in terms of properties, structure, etc.
The name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is derived from the Greek word Malon which means apple.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) on heating gives acetic acid.


French Chemist Victor Dessaignes was the first person to prepare this acid in 1858 by oxidation of malic acid.
Its name originated from the Greek word Malon which means Apple.
It is because Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is found in some fruits.


Greater concentrations of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) in citrus are found in fruits generated in organic farming compared to fruits generated in conventional farming.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a white crystalline substance that quickly dissolves in water and oxygenated solutions.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has a breakdown temperature of 135 °C.
Its ionized form, esters and salts are known as malonates, such as the diethyl malonate, which is Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)’s diethyl ester.
The molecular weight of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 104.061 g/mol, and its density is 1.619g/cm3.


Its melting point is 135 to 137°C and Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) decomposes above the boiling point of 140°C.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
The ionised form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.


For example, diethyl malonate is Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s ethyl ester.
The name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) originates from Latin malum, meaning apple.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.


The ionized form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.
For example, diethyl malonate is Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s diethyl ester.
The name originates from the Greek word μᾶλον (malon) meaning 'apple'.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has a role as a human metabolite.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid and a lipid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is soluble in cold water.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), also known as malonate or H2MALO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.


These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans.


Within yeast, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) participates in a number of enzymatic reactions.
In particular, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and acetic acid can be converted into acetoacetic acid through the action of the enzyme fatty acid synthase.


Beta ketoacyl synthase domain.
In addition, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be biosynthesized from malonyl-CoA through its interaction with the enzyme fatty acid synthase. malonyl/acetyl transferase domain.


In yeast, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is involved in the metabolic pathway called fatty acid biosynthesis pathway.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), also known as malonate or H2MALO, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.


These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans.


Within humans, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) participates in a number of enzymatic reactions.
In particular, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and acetic acid can be converted into acetoacetic acid; which is mediated by the enzyme fatty acid synthase.


Beta ketoacyl synthase domain.
In addition, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and coenzyme A can be biosynthesized from malonyl-CoA through its interaction with the enzyme fatty acid synthase.


malonyl/acetyl transferase domain.
An Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.
In humans, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.


Outside of the human body, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as red beetroots, corns, scarlet beans, common beets, and cow milks.
This could make Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as eosinophilic esophagitis, combined malonic and methylmalonic aciduria, and early preeclampsia; Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder malonyl-coa decarboxylase deficiency.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives.
These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that forms a solid at room temperature.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid used as a precursor to certain polyesters and is a component in alkyd resins.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid belonging to the family of carboxylic acids.
A dicarboxylic acid contains two carboxylic acid functional groups. Usually, a dicarboxylic acid exhibits the same chemical behavior as monocarboxylic acids.


This naturally occurs in certain fruits.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a useful organic compound with various benefits.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s IUPAC name is propanedioic acid.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) should not be confused with malic or maleic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H4O4.
Dicarboxylic acids are organic compounds containing two carboxylic acid functional groups.


Dicarboxylic acids generally show the same chemical behaviour and reactivity as monocarboxylic acids.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a substance found in some fruits that occurs naturally.
Fruits generated in organic farming contain greater concentrations of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) in citrus compared to fruits generated in conventional farming.


The IUPAC name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is propanedioic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the archetypal instance of a competitive inhibitor: it functions in the respiratory electron transport chain against succinate dehydrogenase.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is correlated with deficiency of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, an inborn metabolism mistake.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) sublimes in vacuum.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has a role as a human metabolite.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a natural product found in Camellia sinensis, Meum athamanticum, and other organisms with data available.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2.
The ionized form of malonic acid, as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates.


For example, diethyl malonate is malonic acid's diethyl ester.
The name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) originates from the Greek word μᾶλον (malon) meaning 'apple'.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, polymer cross linkers and pharmaceuticals.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a building block in organic synthesis.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also useful as a precursor for polyesters and alkyd resins, which are used in coating applications, thereby protecting against UV light, corrosion and oxidation.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, polymer cross linkers and pharmaceuticals.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used to produce an enhanced starch-based resin, which is environmentally-benign, uses water-based processing without toxic catalysts.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in the synthesis of barbituric acid and its derivatives.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was discovered and identified in 1858 from the oxidation products of apple juice.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is present as a white crystalline powder with no odor but with a high vapor pressure at room temperature.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is however easily soluble in water as well as in pyridine, ethanol, methanol and ether.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is not soluble in benzene.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of barbiturates and other pharmaceuticals.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a component used as a stabilizer in many high-end cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also used as building block in chemical synthesis, specifically to introduce the molecular group -CH2-COOH.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used for the introduction of an acetic acid moiety under mild conditions by Knoevenagel condensation and subsequent decarboxylation.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is acts as a building block in organic synthesis.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also useful as a precursor for polyesters and alkyd resins, which is used in coating applications, thereby protecting against UV light, corrosion and oxidation.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, polymer cross linkers and pharmaceuticals.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is commonly used in organic synthesis, specifically in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fragrances.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also used as a pH adjuster in the food industry.
The chemical properties of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) make it a unique and versatile compound in organic chemistry.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) contains two carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) which make it a weak acid with a pKa of 2.8.
Additionally, the presence of two carbonyl groups (-C=O) make Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) a useful compound in organic synthesis.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is often used as a building block in the synthesis of various organic compounds due to its ability to undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also known for its ability to form stable complexes with metal ions.
This property is utilized in analytical chemistry for the determination of metal ions in various samples.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can form chelates with metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, and iron, which are then easily detected and quantified.


In conclusion, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications in various fields.
Its unique chemical properties make Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) a useful building block in organic synthesis and a valuable reagent in analytical chemistry.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used to produce an enhanced starch-based resin, which is environmentally-benign, uses water-based processing without toxic catalysts.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) may be used as a cross-linking agent between corn starch and potato starch to improve its mechanical properties.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be converted into 1,3-propanediol for use in polyesters and polymers (whose usefulness is unclear though).
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can also be a component in alkyd resins, which are used in a number of coatings applications for protecting against damage caused by UV light, oxidation, and corrosion.


One application of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is in the coatings industry as a crosslinker for low-temperature cure powder coatings, which are becoming increasingly valuable for heat sensitive substrates and a desire to speed up the coatings process.
The global coatings market for automobiles was estimated to be $18.59 billion in 2014 with projected combined annual growth rate of 5.1% through 2022.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in a number of manufacturing processes as a high value specialty chemical including the electronics industry, flavors and fragrances industry, specialty solvents, polymer crosslinking, and pharmaceutical industry.
In 2004, annual global production of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and related diesters was over 20,000 metric tons.


Potential growth of these markets could result from advances in industrial biotechnology that seeks to displace petroleum-based chemicals in industrial applications.
In 2004, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was listed by the US Department of Energy as one of the top 30 chemicals to be produced from biomass.


In food and drug applications, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be used to control acidity, either as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulation or natural preservative additive for foods.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a building block chemical to produce numerous valuable compounds, including the flavor and fragrance compounds gamma-nonalactone, cinnamic acid, and the pharmaceutical compound valproate.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has been used to cross-link corn and potato starches to produce a biodegradable thermoplastic; the process is performed in water using non-toxic catalysts.
Starch-based polymers comprised 38% of the global biodegradable polymers market in 2014 with food packaging, foam packaging, and compost bags as the largest end-use segments.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a precursor in polymers and polyester.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in flavours as well as in the fragrance industry.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used to control acidity.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in pharmaceutical products.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a cross-linking agent between potato starch and cornstarch to enhance its mechanical properties.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used for the preparation of cinnamic acid, a compound used for the formation of cin metacin which is an anti-inflammatory.


The malonates are used in syntheses of B1 and B6, barbiturates, and several other valuable compounds.
Common Uses of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid): Plating agent, Surface treating agent, Intermediate, Buffer, ans Cross-linking agent.
Commercial/Industrial Applications of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) :Laboratory chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, and Paint industry.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in cosmetics as a buffering and as a flavouring agent in food.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a component of alkyd resins.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in coating applications to protect from UV rays, oxidation, and corrosion.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a building block to many valuable compounds in food and drug applications, pharmaceutical, electronics industry, fragrances, specialty polymer, specialty solvents, and many more.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a cross-linking agent between cornstarch and potato starch to enhance its mechanical properties.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a precursor in polymers and polyester and is used to produce vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, and amino acids.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in flavors as well as in the fragrance industry and electroplating.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a precursor to specialty polyesters.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also used in chemical synthesis as a building block and is used to control acidity.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in pharmaceutical products and the preparation of barbituric salt.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a building block in organic synthesis.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also useful as a precursor for polyesters and alkyd resins, which are used in coating applications, thereby protecting against UV light, corrosion and oxidation.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, polymer cross linkers and pharmaceuticals.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is acts as a building block in organic synthesis.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also useful as a precursor for polyesters and alkyd resins, which are used in coating applications, thereby protecting against UV light, corrosion and oxidation.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a cross linker in the coating industry and surgical adhesive.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, polymer cross linkers and pharmaceuticals.
This dicarboxylic acid, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), finds application across various industries, including automobiles, food, fragrance, and pharmaceuticals.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a precursor in polyester and other polymers.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used as a flavoring agent in the fragrance industry.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is suitable for controlling acidity.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds usage in pharmaceutical products.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in the manufacture of biodegradable containers.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also a component of surgical adhesives.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) serves as a cross-linking agent between cornstarch and potato starch to enhance its properties.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used for the preparation of barbituric salt.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in electroplating.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in the production of vitamins– B1, B6, B2, and amino acids.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can also be used as a component in alkyd resins.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is widely used in several coating applications to protect objects against UV light damage, oxidation, and corrosion.


A common application of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is as a crosslinker for low-temperature powder coatings.
These are valuable for heat-sensitive substrates.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is on the US Department of Energy’s list of top chemicals for biomass production.


In food and drug applications, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts as a natural preservative additive for foods.
Its therapeutic uses include the prevention of resorption of bone tissue in broiler chicks by adding Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) to feed.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a common intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry and is frequently used in veterinary medicine.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also used as a flavouring agent in certain foods.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used to generate countless useful compounds as a construction block chemical.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in the preparation of barbituric salt.


Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in electroplating.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used to produce vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, and amino acids.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is used in chemical synthesis as a building block.


-Biotechnological Applications of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid):
The calcium salt of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) occurs in high concentrations in beetroot.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) exists in its normal state as white crystals.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the classic example of a competitive inhibitor.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) acts against succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) in the respiratory electron transport chain.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a white crystalline solid that decomposes at approximately 135°C.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has high solubility in water and oxygenated solvents and exhibits greater acidity than acetic acid, which has a pK value of 4.75.

The pKa values for the loss of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s first and second protons are 2.83 and 5.69, respectively.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is slightly soluble in pyridine.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can decompose to formic acid and carbon dioxide in case of potassium permanganate.
Since Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) generates carbon dioxide and water after heated without pollution problems, it can be directly used as aluminum surface treatment agent.



PREPARATION OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is usually produced from chloroacetic acid.



REACTIONS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The chloroacetic acid is added to the reaction kettle by adding sodium carbonate aqueous solution to generate sodium chloroacetate aqueous solution, and then 30% sodium cyanide solution is slowly added dropwise, and the reaction is carried out at a predetermined temperature to generate sodium cyanoacetate.
After the cyanation reaction is completed, add sodium hydroxide for heating and hydrolysis to generate sodium malonate solution, concentrate, then dropwise add sulfuric acid for acidification to generate Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), filter and dry to obtain the product.



PREPARATION OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
This method often does not produce a pure enough product or the pure product has an extremely low yield.
Industrially, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also produced by hydrolyzing dimethyl malonate or diethyl malonate.
This manufacturing method is able to bring about a higher yield and purity, but the organic synthesis of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) through these processes is extremely costly and environmentally hazardous.



STRUCTURE OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Malonic acid Synthesis – C3H4O4:
Preparation of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) starts with chloroacetic acid which is also known as MCA (monochloroacetic acid).

Step 1: Sodium carbonate produces sodium salt.
Step 2: It is made to react with sodium cyanide.
Step 3: cyanoacetic acid salt is generated through nucleophilic substitution.
Step 4: The nitrile group is hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium malonate.
Step 5: The acidification results in Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
*1,3-dicarbonyl compounds
*Carboxylic acids
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
*1,3-dicarbonyl compound
*Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Carbonyl group
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



STRUCTURE AND PREPARATION OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography and extensive property data including for condensed phase thermochemistry are available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
A classical preparation of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) starts from chloroacetic acid:


*Preparation of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) from chloroacetic acid.
Sodium carbonate generates the sodium salt, which is then reacted with sodium cyanide to provide the sodium salt of cyanoacetic acid via a nucleophilic substitution.

The nitrile group can be hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to sodium malonate, and acidification affords Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).
Industrially, however, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is produced by hydrolysis of dimethyl malonate or diethyl malonate.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has also been produced through fermentation of glucose.


*Organic reactions:
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) reacts as a typical carboxylic acid: forming amide, ester, anhydride, and chloride derivatives.
Malonic anhydride can be used as an intermediate to mono-ester or amide derivatives, while malonyl chloride is most useful to obtain diesters or diamides.

In a well-known reaction, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) condenses with urea to form barbituric acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) may also be condensed with acetone to form Meldrum's acid, a versatile intermediate in further transformations.
The esters of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) are also used as a −CH2COOH synthon in the malonic ester synthesis.


*Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis:
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the starting substrate of mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFASII), in which it is converted to malonyl-CoA by malonyl-CoA synthetase (ACSF3).

Additionally, the coenzyme A derivative of malonate, malonyl-CoA, is an important precursor in cytosolic fatty acid biosynthesis along with acetyl CoA.
Malonyl CoA is formed there from acetyl CoA by the action of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and the malonate is transferred to an acyl carrier protein to be added to a fatty acid chain.


*Briggs–Rauscher reaction:
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a key component in the Briggs–Rauscher reaction, the classic example of an oscillating chemical reaction.


*Knoevenagel condensation:
In Knoevenagel condensation, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) or its diesters are reacted with the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or ketone, followed by a dehydration reaction.

When Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) itself is used, it is normally because the desired product is one in which a second step has occurred, with loss of carbon dioxide, in the so-called Doebner modification.

Thus, for example, the reaction product of acrolein and Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) in pyridine is trans-2,4-Pentadienoic acid with one carboxylic acid group and not two.


*Preparation of carbon suboxide:
Carbon suboxide is prepared by warming a dry mixture of phosphorus pentoxide (P4O10) and Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).
It reacts in a similar way to malonic anhydride, forming malonates.



FORMULA OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H4O4 and structural formula CH2(COOH)2.
Propanedioic acid is the IUPAC name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), and another name for the acid is Methane Dicarboxylic acid.

Malonates are Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s esters and salts.
There are three carbons with four hydrogen molecules and four oxygen molecules attached.
The two OH groups are attached with two carbons



SYNTHESIS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The synthesis of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) starts with chloroacetic acid, also known as Monochloroacetic acid.
The following steps occur during the reaction:

Step 1:- Sodium salt is produced when sodium carbonate breaks down.
Step 2:- Then, the reaction of sodium salt with sodium cyanide is made to occur.
Step 3:- Through nucleophilic substitution, cyanoacetic acid salt is generated.
Step 4:- To produce sodium malonate, the nitrile group is hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide.
Step 5:- Then the acidification yields Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).



REACTION OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
As with other carboxylic acids, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) reacts by producing derivatives of chloride, ester, anhydride, and amide.
Malonyl chloride is best for producing diamides or diesters, although malonic anhydride can be employed as an intermediary to produce mono-ester or amide derivatives.

Barbituric acid is created when Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and urea condense in a well-known process.
Additionally, acetone and propanedioic acid can be combined to generate Meldrum’s acid, a flexible intermediate used in other conversions.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) esters are also utilised in the malonic ester production as a CH2COOH synthon.

Furthermore, the coenzyme Malonyl-CoA, a malonate derivative, is the main precursor in fatty acid biosynthesis, along with acetyl CoA.
By the action of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, malonyl CoA is generated from acetyl CoA, and the malonate is transported to an acyl carrier protein to be added to a fatty acid chain.

Following are the chemical reactions that involve the Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid):
*Briggs–Rauscher Reaction
*Knoevenagel condensation
*Preparation of carbon suboxide



IUPAC NAME OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid with structural formula CH2(COOH)2 and chemical formula C3H4O4.
The name Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) originated from the word ‘Malon’ which is Greek for ‘apple’.
The IUPAC name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is Propanedioic acid.

Methane Dicarboxylic acid is another name for Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).
The ester and salts of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) are called malonates.
The dicarboxylic acid has organic reactions similar to the monocarboxylic acid where amide, ester, anhydride, and chloride derivatives are formed.
Lastly, the malonic ester malonate as a coenzyme A derivative malonyl CoA that is as important a precursor as Acetyl CoA in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.



SYNTHESIS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The synthesis of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) usually begins with chloroacetic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also synthesized by cyanoacetic acid or by acid saponification reaction of malonates.
From monochloroacetic acid, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is produced by sodium or potassium cyanide.

The sodium carbonate primarily breaks down to give sodium salt which reacts with sodium cyanide to give sodium salt of cyanoacetic acid by the process of nucleophilic substitution.
Further, via hydrolyzation, the nitrile group binds with sodium malonate, whose acidification results in the production of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).



STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The structural formula of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be given as:
The Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) Lewis structure has been found by the X-ray crystallography method.
The Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) structure CH2(COOH)2 has two carboxylic acids.
The salts and esters of malonic acid (malonates) have structures similar to Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).



PROPERTIES OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) molecular weight: 104.061 g.mol-1
The density of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 1.619 g/cm3.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) appears as a crystalline powder that is white or colourless.

At the boiling point above 140oC Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) decomposes.
The melting point of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 135-137o C.
If heated to decomposition under fire Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) emits carbon oxide fumes and acrid irritating smoke.

Acidity pKa = 2.85 at 25oC.
pKa1 = 2.83, pKa2 = 5.69
The molar heat of combustion of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 864 kJ/mol.

The heat of vaporization of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 92 kJ/mol.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is soluble in water.
Solubility of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 763 g/L.



POLARITY AND SOLUBILITY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid belonging to the family of carboxylic acids.
A dicarboxylic acid contains two carboxylic acid functional groups.
Usually, a dicarboxylic acid exhibits the same chemical behavior as monocarboxylic acids.

This naturally occurs in certain fruits.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a useful organic compound with various benefits.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s IUPAC name is propanedioic acid.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) should not be confused with malic or maleic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an organic compound naturally found in some fruits.
Fruits produced in organic farming have greater concentrations of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) than those generated from conventional farming practices.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is often found in some citrus fruits and vegetables.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a component of food items, it is present in animals, including humans.



POLARITY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Carboxyl group is polar as there is a large difference in the electronegativity values of oxygen and hydrogen.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has two carboxyl groups and only three carbon atoms, which has little effect on polarity, so the malonic acid molecule is polar.



SOLUBILITY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Sample of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was tested with water, methyl alcohol, and hexane.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was soluble in water because both malonic acid and water are polar.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) took 25 seconds for malonic acid to dissolve in water.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was soluble in methyl alcohol because malonic acid is polar and methyl alcohol is intermediately polar, allowing malonic acid to dissolve in the methanol in 15 seconds.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was insoluble in hexane because hexane is nonpolar while malonic acid is polar.



HISTORY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a naturally occurring substance found in many fruits and vegetables.
There is a suggestion that citrus fruits produced in organic farming contain higher levels of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) than fruits produced in conventional agriculture.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was first prepared in 1858 by the French chemist Victor Dessaignes via the oxidation of malic acid.



REACTIONS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
In a well - known reaction, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) condenses with urea to form barbituric acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also frequently used as an enolate in Knoevenagel condensations or condensed with acetone to form Meldrum's acid.
The esters of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) are also used as a - CH2COOH synthon in the malonic ester synthesis.



BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the classic example of a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (complex II), in the respiratory electron transport chain.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, competing with the usual substrate succinate but lacking the ?CH2CH2? group required for dehydrogenation.
This observation was used to deduce the structure of the active site in succinate dehydrogenase.



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a carboxylic acid.
Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them.
They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic.

Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat.
Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt.
Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water.

Soluble carboxylic acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions.
The pH of solutions of carboxylic acids is therefore less than 7.0.
Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt.

Carboxylic acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt.
Such reactions occur in principle for solid carboxylic acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry.
Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers.

Like other organic compounds, carboxylic acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents.
These reactions generate heat.
A wide variety of products is possible.

Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also incompatible with bases and reducing agents.



PURIFICATION METHODS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Crystallise Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) from *benzene/diethyl ether (1:1) containing 5% of pet ether (b 60-80o), wash with diethyl ether, then recrystallise it from H2O or acetone.
Dry Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) under vacuum over conc H2SO4.



PATHOLOGY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
If elevated Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) levels are accompanied by elevated methylmalonic acid levels, this may indicate the metabolic disease combined malonic and methylmalonic aciduria (CMAMMA).
By calculating the Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) to methylmalonic acid ratio in blood plasma, CMAMMA can be distinguished from classic methylmalonic acidemia.



BIOCHEMISTRY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is the classic example of a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (complex II), in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, competing with the usual substrate succinate but lacking the −CH2CH2− group required for dehydrogenation.

This observation was used to deduce the structure of the active site in succinate dehydrogenase.
Inhibition of this enzyme decreases cellular respiration.
Since Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a natural component of many foods, it is present in mammals including humans.



RELATED CHEMICALS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The fluorinated version of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is difluoromalonic acid
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is diprotic; that is, it can donate two protons per molecule.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s first is 2.8 and the second is 5.7.

Thus the malonate ion can be HOOCCH2COO− or CH2(COO)2−2.
Malonate or propanedioate compounds include salts and esters of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), such as Diethyl malonate, Dimethyl malonate, Disodium malonate, and Malonyl-CoA.



CALCULATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The formula of malonic acid is C3H4O4.
The atomic weight of carbon is 12.011.
The atomic weight of oxygen is 15.999.
The atomic weight of hydrogen is 1.00784.

So, its molar mass can be calculated as follows:
= (3 × 12.011) + (4 × 1.00784) + (4 × 15.999)
= 36.033 + 4. 03136 + 63.996
= 104.06 grams/ mol
Thus, the molar mass or molecular weight of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is 104.061 g/mol.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The chemical properties of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) are as follows:

*On Heating
When It is heated, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) gives acetic acid and carbon dioxide.


*Reaction with Phosphorus Pentoxide
On heating a dry mixture of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) and phosphorus pentoxide, carbon suboxide is prepared.


*Decomposition
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) has hazardous decomposition products under fire conditions, including carbon oxides.
Also, when heated, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) decomposes and emits acrid smoke in addition to irritating fumes.


*Organic Reactions
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) reactions are usually similar to a typical carboxylic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) forms amide, anhydrides, esters, and chloride derivatives on reacting with specific reactants.

Malonic anhydride serves as an intermediate in the formation of amide derivatives.
Malonyl chloride is widely used for obtaining diamides or diesters.
Some of the popular organic reactions involving Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) are as follows:

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) condenses with urea to give barbituric acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) also condenses with acetone to produce Meldrum’s acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a versatile intermediate and helps in further transformations.

Malonate’s coenzyme A derivative— malonyl-CoA, acts as an important precursor in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is formed from acetyl CoA when it is acted upon by acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
The malonate gets transferred to an acyl carrier protein for its addition to the fatty acid chain.


*Briggs–Rauscher Reaction
A popular name reaction has Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) as its key component.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an example of an oscillating chemical reaction.


*Knoevenagel Condensation
The reaction is a modification of the aldol condensation reaction (the reaction between benzaldehyde and acetophenone).
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) involves the interaction of malonic acid or its diesters with the carbonyl group of a ketone or an aldehyde.
This process is followed by a dehydration reaction.



BIOCHEMISTRY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The calcium salt of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) occurs in high concentrations in beetroot.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) exists in its normal state as white crystals.



ORGANIC SYNTHESIS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
A classical preparation of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) starts from acetic acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is chlorinated to chloroacetic acid.
Sodium carbonate generates the sodium salt which is then reacted with sodium cyanide to the cyano acetic acid salt in a nucleophilic substitution.
The nitrile group can be hydrolysed with sodium hydroxide to sodium malonate and acidification affords Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).



ORGANIC REACTIOS OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
In a well known reaction Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) condenses with urea to barbituric acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is frequently used as an enolate in Knoevenagel condensations or condensed with acetone to form Meldrum's acid.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid)'s esters are also used for the -CH2COOH synthon in the malonic ester synthesis.



OCCURRENCE OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an organic compound naturally found in some fruits.
Fruits produced in organic farming have greater concentrations of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) than those generated from conventional farming practices.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is often found in some citrus fruits and vegetables.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is a component of food items, it is present in animals, including humans.
The name of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is derived from the Greek word Malon.

It means apple.
The ionized form of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is malonate, along with its salts and esters.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) occurs as a white crystal or crystalline powder in nature.



DID YOU KNOW:
Several food substances contain Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid), including:
● Red beetroots
● Corns
● Common beets
● Scarlet beans
● Cow’s milk
Its occurrence in food items makes Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) a potential biomarker indicating the consumption of these foods.



HISTORY OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
In 1858, Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was prepared for the first time by a French chemist –Victor Dessaignes.
He oxidized malic acid with potassium dichromate, which is a strong oxidizing agent.
Later Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) was found to occur in some fruits viz citrus fruits.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can also be produced by fermenting glucose.



SIGNIFICANCE OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is an example of a competitive inhibitor.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) functions in the ETS chain against succinate dehydrogenase in respiration.

Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is related to a deficiency of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase that leads to an inborn metabolism mistake.
It serves as a potential biomarker for tracking foods that contain Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) finds usage in various industries.



FORMULA OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) formula is C3H4O4.
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is also called propanedioic acid or dicarboxymethane, and the formula is written as CH₂(COOH)₂.

So, the names of C3H4O4 are as follows:
*Malonic acid
*Propanedioic acid
*Carboxy Acetic acid
*Dicarboxymethane
*Methane dicarboxylic acid
*Dicarboxylate
*Dicarboxylic acid
*1,3-Propanedioic acid
*Methane dicarbonic acid
*Propane-1,3-dioic acid



STRUCTURE OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
The structure of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is as follows:
*Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) is diprotic.
*Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can donate two protons per molecule.



CHEMICALS CLOSELY RELATED TO PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
● Difluoro Malonic acid:
It is the fluorinated version of Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).

● Malonate includes esters and salts of malonic acids, such as:
*Disodium malonate
*Diethyl malonate
*Malonyl-CoA
*Dimethyl malonate



PREPARATION OF PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can be prepared with chloroacetic acid (also called mono chloroacetic acid).
Sodium carbonate gives sodium salt.
The salt reacts with sodium cyanide.

Nucleophilic substitution reaction gives rise to cyanoacetic acid salt.
The nitrile group is hydrolyzed with NaOH to produce sodium malonate.
The acidification of sodium malonate gives Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid).

*Industrial Preparation:
Propanedioic acid (Malonic acid) can also be produced by hydrolyzing diethyl malonate or dimethyl malonate.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
Melting point: 132-135 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point: 140℃（decomposition）
Density: 1.619 g/cm3 at 25 °C
vapor pressure: 0-0.2Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.4780
Flash point: 157°C
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: 1 M NaOH: soluble100mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow
form: Liquid
pka: 2.83(at 25℃)
color: White
PH: 3.17(1 mM solution);2.5(10 mM solution);1.94(100 mM solution)
Water Solubility: 1400 g/L (20 ºC)

Merck: 14,5710
BRN: 1751370
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases.
InChIKey: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.81
CAS DataBase Reference 141-82-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: 9KX7ZMG0MK
NIST Chemistry Reference: Malonic acid(141-82-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Propanedioic acid (141-82-2)
Physical Appearance: A solid
Storage: Store at -20°C
M.Wt: 104.06
Cas No.: 141-82-2

Formula: C3H4O4
Solubility: ≥10.4 mg/mL in DMSO; ≥104 mg/mL in H2O; ≥119.8 mg/mL in EtOH
Chemical Name: malonic acid
Canonical SMILES: O=C(O)CC(O)=O
Shipping Condition: Small Molecules with Blue Ice, Modified Nucleotides with Dry Ice.
CAS Number: 141-82-2
Molecular Weight: 104.06
Beilstein: 1751370
MDL number: MFCD00002707
Molecular Weight: 104.06 g/mol
XLogP3: -0.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 2

Exact Mass: 104.01095860 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 104.01095860 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.6Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 83.1
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: powder
Color: white
Odor: odorless

Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: >= 135 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 215 °C at 18,66 hPa (decomposition)
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 157 °C - c.c.
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 140 °C
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 766 g/l at 20 °C

Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water:
log Pow: -0,81 - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: 0,002 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
Relative density: 1,03 at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
CAS Number: 141-82-2
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7) check
Key: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7)
Key: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYAJ

SMILES: O=C(O)CC(O)=O
C(C(=O)O)C(=O)O
Chemical formula: C3H4O4
Molar mass: 104.061 g•mol−1
Density: 1.619 g/cm3
Melting point: 135 to 137 °C (275 to 279 °F; 408 to 410 K) (decomposes)
Boiling point: decomposes
Solubility in water: 763 g/L
Acidity (pKa): pKa1 = 2.83
pKa2 = 5.69
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -46.3•10−6 cm3/mol
Chemical Formula: C3H4O4
Average Molecular Weight: 104.0615
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 104.010958616
IUPAC Name: propanedioic acid
Traditional Name: malonic acid

CAS Registry Number: 141-82-2
SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)=O
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7)
InChI Key: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight： 104.06100
Exact Mass： 104.06
EC Number： 205-503-0
UNII： 9KX7ZMG0MK
ICSC Number： 1085
NSC Number： 8124
DSSTox ID： DTXSID7021659
Color/Form： White crystals|Crystalline powder
Colorless hygroscopic solid which sublimes in vacuum
HScode： 2917190090
PSA： 74.60000
XLogP3： -0.8
Appearance： Malonic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Sublimes in vacuum.

Density： 1.6 g/cm3
Melting Point： 135 °C (decomp)
Boiling Point: 215 °C @ Press: 14 Torr
Flash Point： 201.9ºC
Refractive Index： 1.479
Water Solubility： H2O: 1400 g/L (20 ºC)
Storage Conditions： Store at RT.
Vapor Pressure： 4.66E-07mmHg at 25°C
PKA： 2.85(at 25 °C)
Dissociation Constants： 2.85 (at 25 °C)|pKa1 = 2.8, pKa2 = 5.7 at 25 °C
Experimental Properties：
Enthalpy of Sublimation: 72.7 kJ/mol at 306 deg K, 108.0 kJ/mol at 348 deg K

Henry's Law constant = 4.8X10-13 atm-cu m/mole at 23 °C
(estimated from vapor pressure and water solubility)
Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.6X10-12 cu-cm/molc sec at 25 °C (est)
Air and Water Reactions： Water soluble.
Reactive Group： Acids, Carboxylic
Heat of Combustion： Molar heat of combustion: 864 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization： 92 kJ/mol
Critical Temperature & Pressure：
Critical temperature: 805 K (estimated);
critical pressure: 5640 kPa (estimated)
CAS: 141-82-2
Molecular Formula: C3H4O4
Molecular weight: 104.06
EINECS: 205-503-0

Purity: ≥99%
Appearance: White crystal powder
Melting point: 132-135 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point: 140ºC(decomposition)
Density: 1.619 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Refractive index: 1.478
Flash Point: 157°C
Storage condition: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
Solubility : 1 M NaOH: soluble100mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow
Pka: 2.83(at 25ºC)
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases.
HS Code: 29171910

PH: 3.17(1 mM solution);2.5(10 mM solution);
1.94(100 mM solution)
MDL: MFCD00002707
Water Solubility: 1400 g/L (20 ºC)
Vapor Presure: 0-0.2Pa at 25ºC
Physical and Chemical Properties:
Character: white crystal.
soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether, pyridine.
Color: White
Formula Weight: 104.1
Percent Purity: 0.99
Physical Form: Powder
Chemical Name or Material: Malonic acid
Melting point: 132-135 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point: 140℃（decomposition）

Density: 1.619 g/cm3 at 25 °C
vapor pressure: 0-0.2Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.4780
Flash point: 157°C
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: 1 M NaOH: soluble100mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow
form: Liquid
pka: 2.83(at 25℃)
color: White
PH: 3.17(1 mM solution);2.5(10 mM solution);1.94(100 mM solution)
Water Solubility: 1400 g/L (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,5710
BRN: 1751370
Stability: Stable.
Incompatible with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases.
InChIKey: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP: -0.81
CAS DataBase Reference: 141-82-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: 9KX7ZMG0MK
NIST Chemistry Reference: Malonic acid(141-82-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Propanedioic acid (141-82-2)
Molecular Weight: 104.06 g/mol
XLogP3: -0.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 104.01095860 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 104.01095860 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.6Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 7
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 83.1
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical formula: C3H4O4
Molar mass: 104.061 g•mol−1
Density: 1.619 g/cm3
Melting point: 135 to 137 °C (275 to 279 °F; 408 to 410 K) (decomposes)
Boiling point: decomposes
Solubility in water: 763 g/L
Acidity (pKa): pKa1 = 2.83

pKa2 = 5.69
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -46.3•10−6 cm3/mol
Solubility: Dissolves in alcohol, pyridine, and ether.
Molecular Wt/ Molar Mass: 104.06 g/mol
Density: 1.619 g/cm³
Boiling Point: Decomposes
Melting Point: 135 to 137°C
Nature: Acidic
Color: White
Stability: Usually stable under recommended conditions
Molar heat of combustion: 864 kJ/mol
The heat of vaporization: 92 kJ/mol
It does not have a chiral center.
So, it doesn’t exhibit optical isomerism.
It is a hygroscopic solid that sublimes in a vacuum.
Chemical Formula: C3H4O4
Average Molecular Weight: 104.0615
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight: 104.010958616

IUPAC Name: propanedioic acid
Traditional Name: malonic acid
CAS Registry Number: 141-82-2
SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)=O
InChI Identifier: InChI=1S/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7)
InChI Key: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS number: 141-82-2
Weight Average: 104.0615
Monoisotopic: 104.010958616
InChI Key: OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H4O4/c4-2(5)1-3(6)7/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H,6,7)
IUPAC Name: propanedioic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name: malonic acid
Chemical Formula: C3H4O4
SMILES: OC(=O)CC(O)=O

Water Solubility: 197 g/L
logP: -0.6
logP: -0.33
logS: 0.28
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 2.43
Physiological Charge: -2
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 4
Hydrogen Donor Count: 2
Polar Surface Area: 74.6 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Refractivity: 18.99 m³•mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 8.13 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: Yes
Veber's Rule: Yes
MDDR-like Rule: Yes



FIRST AID MEASURES of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PROPANEDIOIC ACID (MALONIC ACID):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

2-Propyn-1-ol; Acetyleneylcarbinol; Propyn-1-ol; Propargyl alcohol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynylcarbinol; Ethynyl methanol; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; propiolic alcohol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; hydroxymethylacetylene; Acetylene carbinol CAS NO:107-19-7

2-Propyn-1-ol; Acetyleneylcarbinol; Propyn-1-ol; Propargyl alcohol; 1-Propyne-3-ol; 2-Propynyl alcohol; Ethynylcarbinol; Ethynyl methanol; Prop-2-yn-1-ol; propiolic alcohol; Prop-2-in-1-ol; hydroxymethylacetylene; Acetylene carbinol CAS NO:107-19-7

DESCRIPTION:

Propargyl alcohol, or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.
Propargyl alcohol is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl alcohol is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.

CAS Number: 107-19-7
EC Number: 203-471-2
IUPAC name: Prop-2-yn-1-ol

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL:
Chemical formula: C3H4O
Molar mass: 56.064 g•mol−1
Appearance: Colorless to straw-colored liquid
Odor: geranium-like
Density : 0.9715 g/cm3
Melting point: −51 to −48 °C (−60 to −54 °F; 222 to 225 K)
Boiling point: 114 to 115 °C (237 to 239 °F; 387 to 388 K)
Solubility in water: miscible
Vapor pressure : 12 mmHg (20 °C)
Linear Formula: HC≡CCH2OH
CAS Number: 107-19-7
Molecular Weight: 56.06
Beilstein: 506003
EC Number: 203-471-2
MDL number: MFCD00002912
PubChem Substance ID: 24898591
vapor density: 1.93 (vs air)
Quality Level: 100
vapor pressure: 11.6 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Assay: 99%
refractive index: n20/D 1.432 (lit.)
bp: 114-115 °C (lit.)
Mp: −53 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
Molecular Weight 56.06
XLogP3 -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 1
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 56.026214747
Monoisotopic Mass 56.026214747
Topological Polar Surface Area 20.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count 4
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 38.5
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Appearance (Clarity) Clear
Appearance (Colour) Colourless
Appearance (Form) Liquid
Assay (GC) min. 99%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C 0.945-0.950
Refractive Index (20°C) 1.430-1.432
Boiling Range 112-115°C
Molecular Formula : C3H4O
Molecular Weight : 56.06
Storage : Room Temperature
Shelf Life : 60 Months
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.96300 @ 25.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 113.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 10.556000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 97.00 °F. TCC ( 36.11 °C. )
logP (o/w): -0.380

Propargyl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor.
The Flash point of Propargyl alcohol is 97 °F.
Vapors of Propargyl alcohol are heavier than air.

Propargyl alcohol is Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor and a soil fumigant.
Prop-2-yn-1-ol is a terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.
Propargyl alcohol has a role as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and an antifungal agent.

Propargyl alcohol is a terminal acetylenic compound, a volatile organic compound and a propynol.
2-Propyn-1-ol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Propargyl alcohol is an organic compound with two reactive sides and is used as a chemical intermediate or as a corrosion inhibitor component in the industrial as well as profesional area.
Therefore, Propargyl alcohol can be used as a versatile intermediate, i.e. for the synthesis of antibiotics, pesticides, as a precursor to a fungicide (IPBC), as iron dissolution inhibitor in mineral acids, as corrosion inhibitor during oil well stimulation and as electroplating bath additive.

Propargyl alcohol is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive.
Propargyl alcohol is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions
Propargyl alcohol undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers.
Solubility: Fully miscible in water.

Propargyl alcohol is a propargyl compound that has been shown to bind to the hydroxyl group of an allyl carbonate.
Propargyl alcohol has been shown to have carcinogenic effects in rats, but not in mice.
Propargyl alcohol is also a good electrochemical agent for the synthesis of 1,4-dioxane.

Propargyl alcohol reacts with an inorganic acid and forms a catalyst for the transfer reactions of organic compounds.
Propargyl alcohol induces enzymes and is used as an asymmetric synthesis reagent in human serum.




REACTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL:
Propargyl alcohol polymerizes with heating or treatment with base.
Propargyl alcohol is used as a corrosion inhibitor, a metal complex solution, a solvent stabilizer and an electroplating brightener additive.
Propargyl alcohol is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis.

Secondary and tertiary substituted propargylic alcohols undergo catalyzed rearrangement reactions to form α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via the Meyer–Schuster rearrangement and others.
Propargyl alcohol can be oxidized to propynal[4] or propargylic acid.

As an indication of the electronegativity of an sp carbon, propargyl alcohol is significantly more acidic (pKa = 13.6) compared to its sp2-containing analog allyl alcohol (pKa = 15.5), which is in turn more acidic than the fully saturated (sp3 carbons only) n-propyl alcohol (pKa = 16.1).


APPLICATIONS OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL:
Propargyl alcohol has been used as a key starting material in the [4+2] cycloisomerization mediated synthesis of various phthalide derivatives.
Propargyl alcohol can also be used to synthesize:

A variety of regioselective furan-3-carboxamides by reacting with 3-oxo amides using Ag2CO3 as a promoter.
β-oxopropyl esters by reacting with carboxylic acids in the presence of (arene) (phosphine)ruthenium(II) complex as a catalyst

Propargyl alcohol is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive.
Propargyl alcohol is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions.
Propargyl alcohol undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers.

PREPARATION OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL:
Propargyl alcohol is produced by the copper-catalysed addition of formaldehyde to acetylene as a by-product of the industrial synthesis of but-2-yne-1,4-diol.
Propargyl alcohol can also be prepared by dehydrochlorination of 3-chloro-2-propen-1-ol by NaOH



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PROPARGYL ALCOHOL:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



SYNONYMS OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL:
1-propyn-3-ol
2-propyn-1-ol
propargyl alcohol
propargyl alcohol, lithium salt
propargyl alcohol, sodium salt
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL
Prop-2-yn-1-ol
2-Propyn-1-ol
107-19-7
2-Propynyl alcohol
Ethynylcarbinol
1-Propyn-3-ol
Ethynyl carbinol
Methanol, ethynyl-
Propynyl alcohol
2-Propynol
3-Propynol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
Acetylenylcarbinol
Acetylene carbinol
Agrisynth PA
Propiolic alcohol
RCRA waste number P102
prop-2-yne-1-ol
Prop-2-in-1-ol
propargylalcohol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
NSC 8804
DTXSID5021883
CHEBI:28905
E920VF499L
NSC-8804
Propargyl alcohol [NA1986] [Flammable liquid]
30306-19-5
2-propyne-1-ol
CCRIS 6781
HSDB 6054
EINECS 203-471-2
NA1986
RCRA waste no. P102
BRN 0506003
ethynylmethanol
UNII-E920VF499L
AI3-24359
prop-2-ynol
propyn-3-ol
1-Propyne-3-ol
2-propyn-1 ol
MFCD00002912
prop-2-yn-I-ol
prop-1-yn-3-ol
Propargyl alcohol, 99%
bmse000363
EC 203-471-2
HC.$.CCH2OH
WLN: Q2UU1
4-01-00-02214 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL [MI]
DTXCID301883
CHEMBL1563026
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
NSC8804
ZINC895974
Tox21_200976
BBL011350
STL146440
AKOS000118737
NA 1986
NCGC00091559-01
NCGC00091559-02
NCGC00258529-01
BP-30161
CAS-107-19-7
P0536
EN300-19326
C05986
Q903345
Q-201629
F0001-0140

Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the simplest and most stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.


CAS Number: 107-19-7
EC Number: 203-471-2
MDL number: MFCD00002912
Linear Formula: HC≡CCH2OH
Chemical formula: C3H4O


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) other names 3-hydroxy-1-propyne; 2-Propynol.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a clear colourless to slightly yellow liquid


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the simplest and most stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a dark liquid with a "fishlike" odor. Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is less dense than water.


The flash point of Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is 90°F.
The boiling point of Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is 239°F.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is soluble in water.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), known by various names such as propynol, prop-2-yn-1-ol, or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound that finds wide-ranging applications in the scientific and industrial domains.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless and volatile liquid characterized by a sweet and pungent odor.


As a three-carbon alkyl alcohol, Propargyl Alcohol (propynol)'s molecular formula is C3H4O.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is colorless to straw-colored liquid with a mild, geranium odor.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a terminal acetylenic compound, a volatile organic compound and a propynol.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is miscible with benzene, chloroform, ethanol, 1,2-dichloroethane, ether, acetone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine; moderately sol in carbon tetrachloride.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is miscible with water
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is solubility in water: miscible
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the simplest and most stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the simplest and most stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) (13C3, 99%) is a carbon-13 labeled compound that is often used as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is fully miscible in water.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor.


The flash point of Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is 97 °F.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol)'s vapors are heavier than air.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) has a role as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and an antifungal agent.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a terminal acetylenic compound, a volatile organic compound and a propynol.



USES and APPLICATIONS of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) uses and applications include: Corrosion inhibitor for oil-well acidizing, electroplating baths; inhibits attack of mineral acids on steel; prevents hydrogen embrittlement of steel; metal picklingplating; electroplating brightener additive; stabilizer for solvents, chlorinated hydrocarbon formulations; polishing agent in galvanotechnics; soil fumigant; solvent for cellulose acetate; chemical intermediate in organic synthesis, production of alkaloids, antibiotics, vitamins, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, biocides; laboratory reagent.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used as an rust remover, chemical intermediate, corrosion inhibitor, solvent, stabilizer, etc.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used Organic synthesis intermediates, solvents, stabilizers of chlorinated hydrocarbons.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used an hydrochloric acid and other industrial corrosion inhibitors in acidizing and fracturing process of oil and gas wells.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) can be used as a corrosion inhibitor separately.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used as a corrosion inhibitor alone, and it is better to mix with the substances which have synergistic effect to obtain higher corrosion inhibition efficiency.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used anticorrosive agent, manufacturing of organic products.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol)’s widely used in the production of medicines (sodium sulfonamides, fosfomycin, etc.) and pesticides (propargene).
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) can be used as a drill pipe and tubing corrosion inhibitor in the petroleum industry.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used as an additive in the steel industry to prevent hydrogen embrittlement of steel, etc.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used Chemical intermediate, corrosion inhibitor, lab reagent, solvent stabilizer, prevents hydrogen embrittlement of steel, soil fumigant.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used to prevent the hydrogen embrittlement of steel; as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer, soil fumigant, and chemical intermediate.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used to make other chemicals.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used in metal plating and pickling and asa corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in mineral acids.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) also finds application in preventingthe hydrogen embrittling of mild steel inacids.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used as an intermediate for makingmiticide and sulfadiazine.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) serves as a valuable reagent in organic synthesis and as a solvent for diverse applications.
Furthermore, Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) functions as a catalyst in certain reactions and finds utility as a fuel additive.
The applications of Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) extend to numerous scientific research domains.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) plays a vital role in the synthesis of polymers such as poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide).
These polymers can possess a wide range of functional groups, such as esters, amides, and amines.
Due to its alkylating properties, Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) readily reacts with nucleophiles like amines and thiols.


Notably, Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) acts as an oxidizing agent capable of converting primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones.
Moreover, Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) demonstrates the ability to oxidize sulfides into sulfoxides.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used as a corrosion inhibitor, a metal complex solution, a solvent stabilizer and an electroplating brightener additive.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor and a soil fumigant.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.


Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) has a role as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and an antifungal agent.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor and a soil fumigant.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used a solvent stabilizer.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a colorless, volatile liquid with irritating odor.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is easy to yellow especially when exposed to light.
With water, benzene, chloroform, 1, 2-dichloroethane, ethyl ether, ethanol, acetone, dioxane, Tetrahydrofuran, pyridine miscible, partially soluble in carbon tetrachloride, but Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.



PURIFICATION METHODS OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
The commercial material contains a stabiliser.
An aqueous solution of Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) can be concentrated by azeotropic distillation with butanol or butyl acetate.
Dry it with K2CO3 and distil it under reduced pressure, in the presence of about 1% succinic acid, through a glass helices-packed column.



REACTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is polymerized by heating or base treatment.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is used as corrosion inhibitor, metal complex solution, solvent stabilizer, electroplating brightener additive.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis.

Secondary and tertiary substituted Propargyl Alcohol (propynol)s undergo catalyzed rearrangement reactions to form α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as via the Mayer-Schuster rearrangement.
This can be oxidized to propinalic acid or propargylic acid.
As an indicator of the electronegativity of the sp carbon, Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is significantly more acidic (pKa = 13.6) compared to the sp2-containing analogue allyl alcohol (pKa = 15.5) and more acidic than the fully saturated (sp3 carbon). . only) n-propyl alcohol (pKa = 16.1).



PREPARATION OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is produced by the copper-catalyzed addition of formaldehyde to acetylene as a by-product of the industrial synthesis of but-2-yne-1,4-diol.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) can also be prepared by dehydrochlorination of 3-chloro-2-propen-1-ol with NaOH.



PRODUCTION METHODS OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is the major commercially available acetylenic primary alcohol.
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) is a byproduct of butynediol production.
In the usual high-pressure butynediol process, about 5% of the product is Propargyl Alcohol (propynol).
Some processes give higher proportions of Propargyl Alcohol (propynol).



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Propargyl Alcohol (propynol), FATTY ACID DERIVED AMINES is an aminoalcohol mixture.
Amines are chemical bases.
They neutralize acids to form salts plus water.

These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
When phosphorus pentaoxide is added to Propargyl Alcohol (propynol) caused ignition.
Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water.
Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions.

Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives.
Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid.

Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive.
They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions.
Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites.
They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat.

Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites.
Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents.
Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
Chemical formula: C3H4O
Molar mass: 56.064 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless to straw-colored liquid
Odor: geranium-like
Density: 0.9715 g/cm3
Melting point: −51 to −48 °C (−60 to −54 °F; 222 to 225 K)
Boiling point: 114 to 115 °C (237 to 239 °F; 387 to 388 K)
Solubility in water: miscible
Vapor pressure: 12 mmHg (20 °C)
Molecular Weight: 56.06 g/mol
XLogP3: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 56.026214747 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 56.026214747 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 38.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Molecular Weight: 59.04 g/mol (Labeled)
Chemical Purity: 98%
Form: Individual
Concentration: Neat
Application(s): Synthetic Intermediates
Storage Temp: Store refrigerated (-5 °C to 5 °C). Protect from light.
CAS: 107-19-7
Molecular Formula: C3H4O
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 56.06
MDL Number: MFCD00002912
InChI Key: TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: light yellow
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -53 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 114 - 115 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 33 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: 365 °C at 1.013 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 1.000 g/l at 20 °C - soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: -0,35 at 25 °C
Vapor pressure: 20,8 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 0,963 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 1,94 - (Air = 1.0)
CAS Number: 107-19-7
Molecular Formula: C₃H₄O
Appearance: Clear Colourless Liquid
Molecular Weight: 56.06
Storage: 20°C
Solubility: Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate
CAS No.: 107-19-7
Product Name: Propargyl Alcohol
Molecular Formula: C3H4O
CHCCH2OH
C3H4O

Molecular Weight: 56.06 g/mol
IUPAC Name: prop-2-yn-1-ol
Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H2
Standard InChIKey: TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C#CCO
Canonical SMILES: C#CCO
Boiling Point: 236.5 °F at 760 mm Hg 113.6 °C
114-115 °C at 760 mm Hg; 100 °C at 490.3 mm Hg;
70 °C at 147.6 mm Hg; 20 °C at 11.6 mm Hg
Colorform: Colorless liquid
Colorless to straw-colored liquid
Density: 0.9485 at 68 °F , 0.9715 at 20 °C/4 °C
Relative density (water = 1): 0.97, 0.9485, 0.97
Flash Point: 91 °F , 97 °F (36 °C) (Open cup) 33 °C c.c.
97°F (open cup) (oc) 97°F
Melting Point: -54 °F , -51.8 °C, -48 to -52 °C, -48 - -52 °C, -62°F
Vapor Density: Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.93
Vapor Pressure: 12 mm Hg, 15.60 mmHg, 15.6 mm Hg at 25 °C
Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 1.54 12 mmHg
Melting point: -53 °C

Boiling point: 114-115 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.963 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 1.93 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 11.6 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.432(lit.)
Flash point: 97 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: soluble in Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate
form: Liquid
pka: 13.6(at 25℃)
color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
Odor: at 100.00 %. geranium
Odor Type: floral
Water Solubility: miscible
Merck: 14,7809
BRN: 506003
LogP: -0.35 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 107-19-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: E920VF499L

NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-Propyn-1-ol(107-19-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: Propargyl alcohol (107-19-7)
ΔfG°: 60.63 kJ/mol
ΔfH°gas: 34.42 kJ/mol
ΔfusH°: 10.59 kJ/mol
ΔvapH°: 38.81 kJ/mol
IE: [10.45; 10.51] eV
log10WS: -0.14
logPoct/wat: -0.388
McVol: 50.400 ml/mol
Pc: 6239.25 kPa J
Inp: [546.00; 576.00]
I: [1320.00; 1357.00]
Tboil: [385.00; 387.50]K
Tc: 523.88 K
Tfus: 221.35 ± 0.30 K
Vc: 0.184 m3/kmol
Cp,gas: [81.35; 101.24] J/mol×K [350.34; 523.88]
ΔvapH: 42.00 kJ/mol 340.00
Pvap: [3.63e-03; 6558.50] kPa [221.35; 580.00]

CAS: 107-19-7
EINECS: 203-471-2
InChI: InChI=1/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H2
Molecular Formula: C3H4O
Molar Mass: 56.06
Density: 0.963g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
Melting Point: -53 °C
Boling Point: 114-115°C(lit.)
Flash Point: 97°F
Water Solubility: miscible
Vapor Presure: 11.6 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Vapor Density: 1.93 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
Merck: 14,7809
BRN: 506003
pKa: 13.6(at 25℃)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.432(lit.)
Molecular weight: 56.06
InChI: 1S/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H2
InChIKey: TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Atmospheric OH Rate Constant: 1.04E-11 cm3/molecule-sec
log P (octanol-water): -0.38
Boiling Point: 113.6 ° C
Water solubility: 1.00E+06 mg/L
Henry's Law Constant: 1.15E-06 atm-m3/mole

Vapor Pressure: 15.6 mm Hg
Melting Point: -5.18E+01 ° C
Molecular form: C3H4O
Appearance: NA
Mol. Weight: 56.06
Storage: 2-8°C Refrigerator
Shipping Conditions: Ambient
Applications: NA
Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 113.6±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: -53 °C
Molecular Formula: C3H4O
Molecular Weight: 56.063
Flash Point: 36.1±0.0 °C
Exact Mass: 56.026215
PSA: 20.23000
LogP: -0.38
Vapour density: 1.93 (vs air)
Vapour Pressure: 10.6±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.430
Water Solubility: miscible



FIRST AID MEASURES of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0,65 mm
Break through time: 60 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (PROPYNOL):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
Prop-2-yn-1-ol
propynol, 2-propynol, 2-propyn-1-ol, hydroxymethylacetylene.
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL
Prop-2-yn-1-ol
2-Propyn-1-ol
107-19-7
2-Propynyl alcohol
Ethynylcarbinol
1-Propyn-3-ol
Ethynyl carbinol
Methanol, ethynyl-
Propynyl alcohol
2-Propynol
3-Propynol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
Acetylenylcarbinol
Acetylene carbinol
Agrisynth PA
Propiolic alcohol
RCRA waste number P102
prop-2-yne-1-ol
Prop-2-in-1-ol
propargylalcohol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
NSC 8804
DTXSID5021883
CHEBI:28905
E920VF499L
NSC-8804
Propargyl alcohol [NA1986]
2-propyne-1-ol
CCRIS 6781
HSDB 6054
EINECS 203-471-2
NA1986
RCRA waste no. P102
BRN 0506003
ethynylmethanol
UNII-E920VF499L
AI3-24359
prop-2-ynol
propyn-3-ol
1-Propyne-3-ol
2-propyn-1 ol
MFCD00002912
prop-2-yn-I-ol
prop-1-yn-3-ol
Propargyl alcohol, 99%
bmse000363
EC 203-471-2
HC.$.CCH2OH
WLN: Q2UU1
4-01-00-02214 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL [MI]
DTXCID301883
CHEMBL1563026
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
NSC8804
Tox21_200976
BBL011350
STL146440
AKOS000118737
NA 1986
NCGC00091559-01
NCGC00091559-02
NCGC00258529-01
BP-30161
CAS-107-19-7
P0536
EN300-19326
C05986
InChI=1/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h1,4H,3H
Q903345
Q-201629
F0001-0140
2-Propyn-1-ol-1,2,3-13C3
2-Propyn-1-ol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
3-Hydroxypropyne
3-Propynol
Ethynylcarbinol
Hydroxymethylacetylene
Propiolic alcohol
Propynyl alcohol
2-Propyn-1-ol
Ethynyl carbinol
Propynyl alcohol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
1-Propyne-3-ol
3-Propynol
prop-2-yn-1-ol
Methanol, ethynyl-
Rcra waste number P102
HC≡CCH2OH
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
NSC 8804
2-propyn-1-ol (propargyl alcohol)
2-Propyn-1-ol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
3-Hydroxypropyne
3-Propynol
Ethynylcarbinol
Hydroxymethylacetylene
NSC 8804
Propynyl alcohol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
1-hydroxy-2-propyne
1-propyn-3-ol
2-Propyn-1-ol (8CI, 9CI)
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
2-propynol
2-propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
3-Propynol
3-hydroxy-1-propyne
3-propynol
Ethynylcarbinol
Propargyl alcohol
Propynyl alcohol
acetylene carbinol
ethynylcarbinol
methanol, ethynyl-
propargyl alcohol
propiolic alcohol
propynyl alcohol
2-Propyn-1-ol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
3-Hydroxypropyne
3-Propynol
Ethynylcarbinol
Hydroxymethylacetylene
NSC 8804
Propynyl alcohol
Propargyl alcohol
2-propyn-1-ol
prop-2-yn-1-ol
2-PROPYN-1-OL
PROPYNOL
PROPINOL
2-Propynol
1-Propyn-3-ol
PROPYNYL ALCOHOL
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
NA 1986
3-Propynol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
1-Propyne-3-ol
2-Propyn-1-ol
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
2-propyn-1-ol (propargyl alcohol)
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
3-Propynol
Ethynyl carbinol
HC«equiv»CCH2OH
HC«equiv»CCH2OH
Methanol, ethynyl-
NSC 8804
Propynyl alcohol
Rcra waste number P102
prop-2-yn-1-ol
2-Propyn-1-ol
Prop-2-yn-1-ol
Prop-2-yne-1-ol
Prop-2-in-1-ol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
2-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
3-Propynol
Ethynylcarbinol
NA 1986
Propargyl alcohol
Propynyl alcohol
PA
PROPYNOL
PROPINOL
2-Propynol
3-PROPYNOL
1-Propyn-3-ol
2-PROPYN-1-OL
prop-2-yn-1-ol
prop-1-yn-1-ol
2-Propyny-1-0l
PROPYNYL ALCOHOL
Propargyl alcohol
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL
2-Propynyl alcohol
2-propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
LABOTEST-BB LT01409238
2-propyn-1-ol (propargyl alcohol)
Propynyl alcohol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
Ethynyl carbinol
1-Propyne-3-ol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
Propyn-1-ol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
prop-2-yn-1-ol
Acetylene carbinol
Ethynyl methanol
Methanol, ethynyl-
2-Propynol 2-Propyn-1-ol
Propargyl alcohol
HC=CCH2OH
3-Propynol
2-Propynyl alcohol
Rcra waste number P102
2-Propynol
NSC 8804
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne Propiolic alcohol
2-Propynyl alcohol
3-Hydroxy-1-propyne
Hydroxymethylacetylene
3-Hydroxypropyne
1-Propyn-3-ol
Ethynylcarbinol
1-Hydroxy-2-propyne, 3-Propynol
NSC 8804
Propynyl alcohol
1-Propyn-3-yl alcohol
2-Propynol
Propargyl alcohol