Keratin is a group of proteins that form 10 nm intermediate filaments in all epithelial cells covering the inner and outer surfaces of the body, are insoluble in water and play an important role in hair, nail or skin care.
Keratin is a member of the scleroprotein family of fibrous structural proteins.
CAS 68238-35-7
Keratin oil frequently helps to shield epithelial cells from harm and stress.
In both water and organic solvents, keratin is highly insoluble.
Keratin monomers package into intermediate filaments that are durable and form heavy unmineralized epidermal appendages in birds, reptiles, mammals and amphibians.
Keratin is a member of the scleroprotein family of fibrous structural proteins.
In vertebrates, keratin is a form of keratin.
Scales, horns, fur, feathers, nails, paws, calluses, hooves, and the external layer of the skin are all made of Keratin.
Keratin is a type of protein found in our teeth, nails and hair, making your hair look smooth, vibrant and full.
The flexible structure of our hair is protected thanks to keratin.
Put an end to the tangle after the shower and the frizz that occurs during the day.
Keratin is used in more than 7,000 hair salons in Turkey and is the keratin care product with the highest satisfaction rate.
Keratin is a type of fibrous, acidic or basic protein found in epithelial cells covering the inner and outer surfaces of the body and in tissues such as hair and nails.
Keratin, which has 54 types in the body, helps support the skin, heal wounds, and keep nails and hair healthy.
In addition to being produced naturally in the body, you can also meet the body's keratin needs by using keratin care products or consuming keratin-rich foods.
Keratin is a group of proteins that form 10 nm intermediate filaments in all epithelial cells covering the inner and outer surfaces of the body, are insoluble in water and play an important role in hair, nail or skin care.
Keratin, the general name for a group of proteins naturally produced in the body, helps support the skin, heal wounds, and keep your nails and hair healthier and stronger.
There are 54 types of keratin in the body, 28 of which are type 1 and 26 are type 2.
Keratin, which is found in hair, nails and the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin, can also be found in glands and organs in the body.
Keratin (/ˈkɛrətɪn/) is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins.
Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates.
Keratin is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, horns, claws, hooves, and the outer layer of skin among vertebrates.
Keratin also protects epithelial cells from damage or stress.
Keratin is extremely insoluble in water and organic solvents.
Keratin monomers assemble into bundles to form intermediate filaments, which are tough and form strong unmineralized epidermal appendages found in reptiles, birds, amphibians, and mammals.
Excessive keratinization participate in fortification of certain tissues such as in horns of cattle and rhinos, and armadillos' osteoderm.
The only other biological matter known to approximate the toughness of keratinized tissue is chitin.
Keratin comes in two types, the primitive, softer forms found in all vertebrates and harder, derived forms found only among sauropsids (reptiles and birds).
Spider silk is classified as keratin, although production of the protein may have evolved independently of the process in vertebrates.
Keratin is the main component of skin and nails, as well as hair.
There is keratin protein in both the outer structure of the hair, called the cortex, and its inner structure.
Keratin is the main ingredient of hair strands.
Keratin in the hair is depleted due to external factors such as sun, pollution or chemicals, or changes in your lifestyle.
This loss results in dry, damaged and dull hair.
That's why it is necessary to get keratin support from outside.
Hair strands damaged by dye, blow dryer or straightener lose keratin and the hair acquires a bad and damaged appearance.
USES and APPLICATIONS of KERATIN:
Keratin uses the endoplasm of fish scales as raw material, and extracts the keratin essence in the fish scales by biotechnology.
Keratin has strong anti-stretching properties and acts as a cross-linking function in the protein peptide chain.
Keratin has high mechanical strength.
Keratin can be well absorbed by the skin.
The use of keratin keeps the skin elastic, soft and moisturised, prevents dry skin, reduces wrinkles and delays aging.
Keratin is suitable for skin care lotions, skin creams, firming creams, sunscreens and masks in cosmetics.
Keratin is the type of protein that makes up your hair, skin, and nails. Keratin can also be found in your internal organs and glands.
Keratin is a protective protein, less prone to scratching or tearing than other types of cells your body produces.
Keratin can be derived from the feathers, horns, and wool of different animals and used as an ingredient in hair cosmetics.
Since keratin is the structural building block of your hair, some people believe that keratin supplements, products, and treatments can help strengthen your hair and make it look healthier.
It is a hair care product we developed to help increase the flexibility of hair strands and make hair softer, smoother and more well-groomed, thanks to keratin and natural oils.
In addition to preserving the shape and volume of the hair by providing Keratin support to the hair, it aims to help the hair be easily combed and prevent frizz with the moisturizing support of Shea, Coconut, Argan and Avocado oils.
Keratin aims to support the care of hair loss and breakage with its Aloe Vera, Pine Turpentine and Sweet Almond oil content.
Keratin adds vitality to the hair, gives it strength and makes it look brighter.
Keratin, a powerful protein group, has a significant effect on hair when found naturally in the body.
Keratin, which is a beneficial protein when used as a supplement or taken through food, adds vitality to the hair, gives it strength and makes it look brighter.
Keratin, which is naturally present in the body and plays a role in improving hair, nail and skin health, is also often enriched with keratin in cosmetic treatments.
Keratin is also found naturally in some foods and can be taken as a supplement to meet the body's keratin needs.
Keratin prevents hair from frizzing and strengthens the hair shaft.
Keratin, a compound rich in both protein and sulfur, prevents hair from frizzing and supports healthy hair growth by strengthening the hair shaft.
Keratin prevents skin damage and helps keep skin fresh.
Keratin, in addition to its benefits for hair, is also an important protein for skin health.
Keratin, which naturally helps the skin stay fresher, prevents skin damage when used as a supplement and creates a healthier skin structure.
Keratin prevents nail breakage and makes nails look stronger.
Keratin, which is found in hair, the outer layer of the skin, glands and some organs, is also found in nails.
Nail breakage on headKeratin, which has the ability to make nails look stronger, especially against nail breakage, has a role in supporting nail
Keratin soothes and straightens wavy, curly and frizzy hair, including dyed hair.
Keratin is applied to the hair on the same day, making it washable and styleable.
Keratin does not require any extra chemicals or equipment during application.
With its effect lasting up to 4 months, hair becomes softer, brighter and healthier.
Keratin is applied to the hair to restore the hair strands to their former healthy appearance.
Thus, the hair looks brighter, softer and more well-groomed.
-Cosmetic Use:
*Creams for skins that aren't well-protected
*Treatments for nutrition and restructuring.
*Treatments for eyelashes with make-up.
*Shampoos and conditioners for hair that is prone to breakage.
*Hair items that are ideal for your hair.
APPLICATION OF KERATIN:
Keratin is for use by adults over 16 years of age and before application, test it on a small area of your skin to avoid allergic reactions.
Take a sufficient amount from the bottle marked STEP 1 on damp hair and apply by massaging from the roots to the ends.
Rinse your hair with plenty of water and repeat the process.
Dry your hair and make sure it is not damp.
Shake the bottle labeled STEP 2 before use and divide your hair into 4 equal sections before application.
Apply Keratin to every section of hair you have separated, starting from 2 centimeters from the hair roots to the ends of the hair.
Comb your hair and make sure it is distributed evenly.
15 minutes for frizzy hair,
25 minutes for curly and wavy hair,
For very curly hair, leave it on for 40 minutes.
Dry your hair by combing it with the help of a blow dryer and a straightening brush so that it does not remain damp.
Straighten your hair from root to tip with the help of hair straightening tongs.
Rinse your hair with water for 5 minutes.
Take a small amount from the bottle labeled STEP 3, apply it to your hair and distribute it evenly with the help of a comb.
Leave it on for 10 minutes for thin hair, 15 minutes for normal hair, 20 minutes for thick hair for it to take effect.
Rinse with plenty of water for 8 minutes.
Dry your hair and style it as you wish.
Do not repeat the procedure for 10-14 days.
Do not apply for 10 days before or after hair dyeing.
BENEFITS AND RESULTS OF KERATIN:
People who use keratin on their hair report that their hair is smoother and easier to manage as a result.
The effects vary greatly depending on whether your hair is healthy to begin with, what the natural thickness of your hair is, and what kind of keratin treatment you use.
Keratin works by smoothing down the cells that overlap to form your hair strands.
The layers of cells, called the hair cuticle, theoretically absorb the keratin, resulting in hair that looks full and glossy.
Keratin also claims to make curly hair less frizzy, easier to style, and straighter in appearance.
THINGS YOU SHOULD PAY ATTENTION TO AFTER KERATIN CARE:
You should avoid washing your hair for a few days.
Since chlorinated or salty water will reduce the effect of keratin, you can take a break from activities such as pool or sea for a while.
You should prevent your scalp from sweating for 3 days immediately following the keratin treatment.
You should also make sure that the care products you use contain natural ingredients.
You can wait 1-2 weeks to continue your hair care routine and use hair masks.
DOES KERATIN TREATMENT STRAIGHTEN HAIR?
Keratin treatment does not completely straighten the hair.
Keratin treatment, which is often confused with a Brazilian blow dry, does not change your natural hair structure by preventing the hair from becoming more easily shaped and frizzy.
Brazilian blow dry is a process that is made with keratin but with a different technique and allows the hair to remain straight for up to 6 months.
HOW MANY DAYS SHOULD KERATIN CARE NOT BE WASHED?
After the keratin treatment, it is recommended not to wash your hair for a while so that the keratin loaded into your hair is accepted by all your hair strands.
Generally, this period is known as 2-3 days.
If your hair gets wet during this period, it is also recommended to dry Keratin and go over it with a straightener.
HAIT KERATIN:
Hair keratin is a protein that can be found in your skin, hair, and nails. Keratin is also present in the organs and glands of the body.
Keratin is a defensive protein that is less likely to be scratched or torn than other forms of cells produced by your body.
KERATIN POWDER
Keratin therapy users say that their hair is cleaner and easier to handle as a result of using it.
The results differ significantly based on whether your hair is safe, to begin with, how thick your hair is natural, and the keratin therapy you use.
Keratin functions by smoothing out the overlapping cells that make up your hair strands.
The hair cuticle, which is made up of layers of cells, absorbs the keratin, giving hair a full and shiny appearance.
Keratin is often said to make curly hair less frizzy, easy to style, and look straighter.
KERATIN TREATMENT
Keratin treatment is a hairstyling process that requires straightening and flattening of hair to offer it a smooth, straight, streamlined, and elegant look.
It has been used since the 1890s. During the 1950s, smoothing keratin was very common among black males and females of almost all races.
BIO KERATIN:
Peptides derived from hydrolyzed keratin with a high homology and bio-affinity for the keratin found in the hair, skin, and nails.
Heavy amount of hydrophobic amino acids, that improves moisture retention capability.
HOW TO USE KERATIN?
You can use Keratin whenever you need by spraying it on your hair from a distance of 15-20 cm.
Keratin is suitable for all hair types.
You can use Keratin before or after a shower.
WHAT IS KERATIN CARE?
In fact, the body naturally produces keratin for hair and nails.
The reason why your hair is shiny and your nails are vibrant depends on this keratin.
Keratin is loaded by professionals on hair that is damaged, has lost its vitality and has become dull due to various reasons.
This process, which makes the hair look more vibrant and healthy, is called keratin care.
WHAT DOES KERATIN CARE DO?
Thanks to keratin care, the hair looks more vibrant and shiny.
Problems such as frizz and frizz disappear for a few months.
KERATIN CARE BENEFITS
Of course, keratin treatment not only makes the hair shine, but also contains many benefits for the hair.
Moving on to what these benefits are;
*Smooth and shiny hair:
Keratin, which cares for the hair strands one by one, prevents the hair from becoming frizzy and frizzy, making it brighter.
Keratin also prevents the appearance of split hair ends.
*Long-term results:
If you take care of your hair care, Keratin will last up to 3-4 months.
During this period, your hair will be more vibrant and easier to shape.
*Healthy hair growth:
Thanks to keratin, which is a substance that the hair needs, the revitalized hair grows in a healthier way.
Strengthening the hair strands prevents breakage and ensures that the hair is well-groomed.
WHAT IS KERATIN CARE, HOW IS KERATIN HAIR CARE DONE?
-3 - Hair Care Beauty
How to do keratin care?
Keratin care, which is generally recommended to be done professionally, has recently become one of the treatments that most women do themselves at home.
Keratin care begins with washing your hair with a special shampoo.
This shampoo provides deep cleansing of the hair.
Keratin is then applied to the hair.
The hair is divided into several equal parts to penetrate each strand of hair.
Keratin is applied to the hair with a brush and spreads by combing to the ends of the hair.
After application, keratin is left on the hair for 20-30 minutes.
For fixation, the hair is dried with a blow dryer and the hair is blow dried.
*At this point, if you are doing it yourself at home, you should definitely use a hygienic mask.
The smoke and odor that emerges when keratin comes into contact with heat can burn your throat.
You should also be very careful when blow-drying your hair roots.
You can burn your scalp with a hot blow dryer to dry the keratin, which takes a while to dry.
This causes dandruff-like dead skin to appear over time.
FUNCTIONS OF KERATIN:
*effective safety from environmental threats
*Enhances and restores the micro-relief of the skin.
*Excellent hair conditioner and protectant.
*Strengthens the hair scales' cohesion.
WHAT IS KERATIN USED FOR?
Keratin helps form the epidermis, which is the outer layer of hair, nails and skin, strengthens the nail structure and increases its durability, and ensures that the hair has a shiny and healthy appearance.
Keratin also maintains the skin's elasticity and firmness.
THE BENEFITS OF KERATIN CAN BE LISTED AS FOLLOWS:
Keratin adds vitality to the hair, gives it strength and makes it look brighter.
Keratin prevents hair from frizzing and strengthens the hair shaft
Keratin prevents skin damage and helps keep skin fresh
Keratin prevents nail breakage and makes nails look stronger
WHAT IS KERATIN CARE?
Keratin care is a process applied to help straighten, smooth and revitalize hair, especially hair that is curly or damaged as a result of external factors.
Keratin is a protein produced naturally by the body, but it can also be obtained through supplements or foods.
In addition, keratin care is good for skin and nail health as well as hair.
What are the Keratin Types?
Keratin, which has 54 types in the body, is divided into two types. These are divided into type 1 and type 2.
Type 1:
28 of the 54 types of keratin in the human body are type I. 17 of these are skin cell (epithelial) keratins and 11 are hair keratins.
Most type I keratins (cytokeratins) consist of acidic and low-weight proteins.
Keratinv has many functions, including skin and hair health, including helping protect cells from internal forces in the body (mechanical stress).
Type 2:
The other 26 types of keratin in the human body are type II.
20 of these are skin cell keratins and 6 are hair keratins.
They consist of basic-neutral, high-weight proteins.
Their basic-neutral pH helps balance type I keratins and manage cell activity.
IN WHICH FOODS IS KERATIN FOUND?
Keratin, which is naturally found in the body, is also included in some foods, and it is possible to meet the body's keratin needs by consuming these foods.
Here are some foods containing keratin:
*Egg
*Carrot
*Mango
*Sweet potato
*Salmon
EXAMPLES OF OCCURRENCE OF KERATIN:
Alpha-keratins (α-keratins) are found in all vertebrates.
They form the hair (including wool), the outer layer of skin, horns, nails, claws and hooves of mammals, and the slime threads of hagfish.
The baleen plates of filter-feeding whales are also made of keratin.
Keratin filaments are abundant in keratinocytes in the hornified layer of the epidermis; these are proteins which have undergone keratinization.
They are also present in epithelial cells in general.
For example, mouse thymic epithelial cells react with antibodies for keratin 5, keratin 8, and keratin 14.
These antibodies are used as fluorescent markers to distinguish subsets of mouse thymic epithelial cells in genetic studies of the thymus.
The harder beta-keratins (β-keratins) are found only in the sauropsids, that is all living reptiles and birds.
They are found in the nails, scales, and claws of reptiles, in some reptile shells (testudines, such as tortoise, turtle, terrapin), and in the feathers, beaks, and claws of birds.
These keratins are formed primarily in beta sheets. However, beta sheets are also found in α-keratins.
Recent scholarship has shown that sauropsid β-keratins are fundamentally different from α-keratins at a genetic and structural level.
The new term corneous beta protein (CBP) has been proposed to avoid confusion with α-keratins.
Keratins (also described as cytokeratins) are polymers of type I and type II intermediate filaments that have been found only in chordates (vertebrates, amphioxus, urochordates).
Nematodes and many other non-chordate animals seem to have only type VI intermediate filaments, fibers that structure the nucleus.
GENES OF KERATIN:
The human genome encodes 54 functional keratin genes, located in two clusters on chromosomes 12 and 17.
This suggests that they originated from a series of gene duplications on these chromosomes.
The keratins include the following proteins of which KRT23, KRT24, KRT25, KRT26, KRT27, KRT28, KRT31, KRT32, KRT33A, KRT33B, KRT34, KRT35, KRT36, KRT37, KRT38, KRT39, KRT40, KRT71, KRT72, KRT73, KRT74, KRT75, KRT76, KRT77, KRT78, KRT79, KRT8, KRT80, KRT81, KRT82, KRT83, KRT84, KRT85 and KRT86 have been used to describe keratins past 20
WHAT SHOULD WE DO AFTER KERATIN CARE?
First of all, we should leave our hair keratinized for a few days and not wash it immediately.
In this way, keratin will penetrate into our hair thoroughly.
In the days after the care, Keratin is important for our scalp to breathe and not sweat.
That's why we should be careful not to let our scalp sweat.
As always, we should not use shampoos and hair care products that contain harmful chemicals.
After having a keratin treatment, we should avoid contact of our hair with salty or chlorinated water for a while.
For this reason, we can choose to do keratin care after the sea and pool season.
We should stop our classical daily or weekly hair care routines for a while.
ARE KERATIN TREATMENT AND BRAZILIAN BLOW DRY THE SAME THING?
One of the topics we often hear and wonder about is whether the two are the same thing.
While Brazilian blow dry is a method used by people who want to wear their hair straight for a while, keratin treatment is a treatment we use to make our hair look healthier and more well-groomed.
However, since the main ingredient used for Brazilian blow dry is mostly keratin, keratin care and Brazilian blow dry can be confused.
The distinction here is the application method of keratin treatment and Brazilian blow dry.
In this way, keratin care provides a deep care to the hair, while Brazilian blow dry creates a straightening effect for up to 6 months.
KERATIN CARE AT HOME?
If this is the question on your mind, the answer is right below.
Keratin care for your hair at home, step by step in this article.
Anti-hair loss shampoos , creams that provide easy combing, serums that nourish the roots, strengthening masks and much more...
All of these constitute the preferred products to obtain well-groomed hair and protect them sustainably.
If you want to take good care of your hair and ensure that they are healthy without going to the hairdresser, this article is for you.
By reading the rest of this article, where we talk about keratin care at home,you can learn what keratin is and how it benefits your hair.
WHAT ARE KERATINS BENEFITS FOR HAIR?
Keratin is actually an acid found naturally in humans and other vertebrates.
One of the functions of this acid is to provide energy support by reducing fat in muscle cells.
The benefits of keratin, which plays an important role in the structure of hair, skin, nails and other body tissues, for hair are listed below.
Elasticity:
Keratin provides elasticity to the hair strands.
In this way, the hair becomes more flexible, more resistant to external influences and can be shaped easily.
Strengthening:
Keratin strengthens hair strands and prevents breakage, wear and breakage.
Keratinprovides a stronger structure to the hair and supports the hair strands to be more durable.
Maintaining Moisture Balance:
Keratin helps hair strands maintain their natural moisture balance.
This ensures that the hair remains moisturized and protected from drying out.
Keratin can also reduce dry hair problems by helping the hair retain moisture better.
Resistance to Breakage:
Keratin protects the hair strands against external factors.
Keratin protects the hair exposed to factors such as sunlight, heat styling tools and chemical processes, preventing them from breaking and getting damaged.
Repair:
Keratin helps regenerate and repair hair strands.
Keratin repairs damage to hair, promotes healthy hair growth and can reduce hair loss.
After all this general information, we can move on to our main topic, keratin care at home.
If you are ready, we start.
KERATIN CARE STAGES:
Before you attempt this job , it is natural for you to have questions about how to do keratin care at home .
We aim to answer this question with this article.
By continuing reading, you can get an idea about doing keratin care at home .
*First Stage: Cleaning
Before starting keratin care, you need to clean your hair well.
Wash and rinse your hair with a suitable shampoo before keratin treatment.
Removing product residues and oil accumulated in your hair will increase the effect of keratin care.
It's up to us to say.
*Second stage: Dehumidification
Gently dry your hair with a towel; but do not use a hair dryer to dry it completely.
A slightly damp hair is more suitable for the keratin treatment.
Those who do keratin care at home know how important this process is.
*It's Time for Application
To perform keratin treatment with ingredients at home, choose one of the products you have purchased before.
At this stage, a keratin mask or keratin hair serum is generally preferred.
Apply the product to your hair according to the instructions and ensure that the keratin is thoroughly distributed throughout your hair.
Finally, leave the keratin product on your hair for the specified time.
*Optional: Straightening
Keratin treatment is usually completed with a straightening process.
You can use heat styling tools like a hair straightener or curling iron to straighten your hair.
To ensure full absorption of the keratin product, divide your hair into thin sections and smooth each section.
Be careful not to damage your hair by doing the process carefully.
If you do not intend to flatten it, you can skip this part.
*Wait
After completing your keratin treatment, you may need to let your hair rest for a certain period of time.
This time is necessary for the keratin product to penetrate the hair better.
A period of 24 to 72 hours is generally recommended for leaving the keratin product in the hair.
Just know that you should not wash your hair during this period.
*Rinsing and Styling
You can rinse your hair after the waiting time specified in the previous step is completed.
Style your hair after the first rinse.
After keratin treatment, your hair will be smoother and straighter.
What are you waiting for to style your hair with methods such as curling iron or blow dryer to give the desired shape?
Now that we have answered the question of how to do natural keratin care at home , it is time to take a look at the foods containing keratin.
Below you can find detailed information about which foods contain keratin .
WHICH FOODS CONTAIN KERATIN?
The important point here is to note that keratin is not found directly in foods because it is a protein naturally produced in the body.
However, it is very important to consume foods that contain the nutrients the body needs for healthy keratin production.
Here are the important nutritional sources for keratin production:
*Protein Sources:
Proteins, which are the main components of keratin; It is found in animal and plant sources such as meat, chicken, fish, eggs, dairy products and legumes.
These foods provide the basic building blocks for the body's keratin production.
*Biotin:
Biotin is an important nutrient for hair, skin and nail health.
It is found in foods such as eggs, avocados, almonds, walnuts, mushrooms, milk, yoghurt and fish.
Biotin deficiency can cause hair weakening and breakage.
*Zinc:
Zinc is important for maintaining healthy hair and hair follicles.
Eggs , red meat, seafood, pumpkin seeds, beans, almonds and nuts are sources of zinc.
*Iron:
Iron deficiency can cause hair loss.
Consuming iron-rich foods such as spinach, red meat, turkey, beans, lentils, tofu, grains and dried fruits is beneficial for hair health.
*Vitamin A:
Vitamin A is important for scalp health and sebum production.
It is found in foods such as carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, kale, apricots, mangoes and salmon.
*Vitamin E:
Vitamin E preserves the moisture of the hair and is beneficial for scalp health.
It is found in foods such as almonds, hazelnuts, peanuts, sunflower oil, olive oil and avocado.
Including various protein sources and other nutrients necessary for keratin production in the diet can support hair health.
However, for healthy hair, Keratin is extremely important to pay attention not only to nutrition but also to general lifestyle.
A healthy lifestyle includes factors such as regular sleep, adequate water consumption and stress management.
HOW OFTEN SHOULD KERATIN TREATMENT BE DONE?
So, how often should keratin care be done ?
Here is the answer!
*Keratin care frequency;
Keratin may vary depending on hair type, hair condition and properties of the product used.
The effect of keratin treatment usually decreases over time and the hair returns to its previous state.
Therefore, it is important to repeat keratin care regularly.
Here are the recommended frequencies for keratin care:
*Professional Keratin Care:
Professional keratin care is generally recommended for a period of 2 to 4 months.
This time may vary depending on the hair growth rate, the quality of the keratin product and personal preferences.
Some people may experience effective results for longer periods of time, while others may prefer to repeat it more frequently.
*Keratin Care at Home:
The effect of keratin care products used at home may last shorter than professional applications.
It is important to act in accordance with the instructions for use of home keratin care products.
Keratin treatment at home can be repeated every 2 to 3 weeks.
The important thing here is to observe the condition of your hair and act according to your hair's needs to decide how often you should do keratin care.
Experts recommend that you should care for your hair regularly to keep it healthier and smoother.
Additionally, using shampoo, conditioner and other hair care products suitable for your hair type will also support your hair health.
KERATIN CARE BENEFITS
Now we come to the benefits of keratin care .
You can see what keratin contributes to your hair in the following items.
Keratin provides strength and durability to hair strands.
Keratin supports the hair to be more resistant to breakage, wear and breakage.
Keratin treatment ensures that the hair stays straight for longer when straightened.
Wavy or frizzy hair is reduced, providing a smoother appearance for a longer time after straightening.
Keratin care increases the shine of hair.
Hair looks healthier and more vibrant.
Keratin protects the hair strands against external factors.
Keratin protects the hair exposed to factors such as sunlight, heat styling tools and chemical processes, preventing them from breaking and getting damaged.
Keratin helps hair strands maintain their natural moisture balance.
Keratin preserves the moisture of the hair, prevents it from drying out and ensures better moisture retention.
If you have obtained detailed information about whether keratin care can be done at home , it is time to enlighten yourself about summer hair care.
PROTEIN STRUCTURE OF KERATIN:
The first sequences of keratins were determined by Israel Hanukoglu and Elaine Fuchs (1982, 1983).
These sequences revealed that there are two distinct but homologous keratin families, which were named type I and type II keratins.
By analysis of the primary structures of these keratins and other intermediate filament proteins, Hanukoglu and Fuchs suggested a model in which keratins and intermediate filament proteins contain a central ~310 residue domain with four segments in α-helical conformation that are separated by three short linker segments predicted to be in beta-turn conformation.
This model has been confirmed by the determination of the crystal structure of a helical domain of keratins.
*Type 1 and 2 Keratins:
The human genome has 54 functional annotated Keratin genes, 28 are in the Keratin type 1 family, and 26 are in the Keratin type 2 family.
Fibrous keratin molecules supercoil to form a very stable, left-handed superhelical motif to multimerise, forming filaments consisting of multiple copies of the keratin monomer.
The major force that keeps the coiled-coil structure is hydrophobic interactions between apolar residues along the keratins helical segments.
Limited interior space is the reason why the triple helix of the (unrelated) structural protein collagen, found in skin, cartilage and bone, likewise has a high percentage of glycine.
The connective tissue protein elastin also has a high percentage of both glycine and alanine.
Silk fibroin, considered a β-keratin, can have these two as 75–80% of the total, with 10–15% serine, with the rest having bulky side groups.
The chains are antiparallel, with an alternating C → N orientation.
A preponderance of amino acids with small, nonreactive side groups is characteristic of structural proteins, for which H-bonded close packing is more important than chemical specificity.
*Disulfide bridges:
In addition to intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, the distinguishing feature of keratins is the presence of large amounts of the sulfur-containing amino acid cysteine, required for the disulfide bridges that confer additional strength and rigidity by permanent, thermally stable crosslinking—in much the same way that non-protein sulfur bridges stabilize vulcanized rubber.
Human hair is approximately 14% cysteine.
The pungent smells of burning hair and skin are due to the volatile sulfur compounds formed.
Extensive disulfide bonding contributes to the insolubility of keratins, except in a small number of solvents such as dissociating or reducing agents.
The more flexible and elastic keratins of hair have fewer interchain disulfide bridges than the keratins in mammalian fingernails, hooves and claws (homologous structures), which are harder and more like their analogs in other vertebrate classes.
Hair and other α-keratins consist of α-helically coiled single protein strands (with regular intra-chain H-bonding), which are then further twisted into superhelical ropes that may be further coiled.
The β-keratins of reptiles and birds have β-pleated sheets twisted together, then stabilized and hardened by disulfide bridges.
Thiolated polymers (=thiomers) can form disulfide bridges with cysteine substructures of keratins getting covalently attached to these proteins.
Thiomers exhibit therefore high binding properties to keratins found in hair, on skin and on the surface of many cell types.
*Filament formation:
It has been proposed that keratins can be divided into 'hard' and 'soft' forms, or 'cytokeratins' and 'other keratins'.
That model is now understood to be correct.
A new nuclear addition in 2006 to describe keratins takes this into account.
*Keratin filaments are intermediate filaments.
Like all intermediate filaments, keratin proteins form filamentous polymers in a series of assembly steps beginning with dimerization; dimers assemble into tetramers and octamers and eventually, if the current hypothesis holds, into unit-length-filaments (ULF) capable of annealing end-to-end into long filaments.
WHAT IS IT HAIR CARE AND WHAT DOES KERATIN CARE DO?
When it comes to hair care, one of the treatments that comes to our mind is keratin care.
Topic today is keratin hair care, which we apply to our hair in hairdressers or at home.
SO WHAT IS THIS KERATIN HAIR CARE?
It produces keratin naturally for the body, hair and nails.
In this way, our nails become strong and vibrant, and our hair becomes healthy and shiny.
When this naturally produced keratin is not enough for our hair for various reasons, we can apply keratin care as an external supplement.
In this way, our hair looks more vibrant, well-groomed and healthy.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF KERATIN CARE FOR HAIR?
As we mentioned, keratin treatment is a process that will make our hair look brighter and healthier.
With correct application, Keratin repairs hair damage and protects the hair. With keratin care, our hair gains a shiny structure and a shine and vitality that lasts for 3-4 months. It also makes the hair more voluminous.
HOW IS KERATIN CARE DONE?
Keratin care can be done professionally at the hairdresser, or it can be done at home with care kits.
Depending on your preference and needs, you can have keratin treatment at a hairdresser at regular intervals or you can do it at home.
KERATIN CARE AT THE HAIRDERSSER:
It starts with thoroughly cleaning and purifying your hair by washing it with a shampoo suitable for your hair structure.
Then, the hair is divided into pieces and keratin is applied to each piece with a brush, touching every strand.
Afterwards, the keratin is left on the hair for a while and the hair is straightened with a straightener or the keratin is allowed to penetrate into the hair with the help of a blow dryer to ensure that it is thoroughly processed and fixed.
KERATIN CARE AT HOME:
The difference between keratin treatment done at a hairdresser is generally related to the products we use.
While professional products are used in hairdressers, we can use a keratin care product with quality ingredients to perform keratin care at home.
Hair is cleaned and purified.
Afterwards, the hair is divided into pieces and keratin is applied.
After waiting for a while, the keratin is ensured to penetrate thoroughly into the hair with the help of a straightener or blow dryer.
One of the things we need to pay attention to in this regard is that we should be careful to use a mask when doing keratin care at home and when applying a straightener or blow dryer to our keratin hair.
If possible, let's open the ventilation or windows.
Because the smoke that comes out when we heat keratin hair can disturb us.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF KERATIN CARE?
Hair is exposed to many damaging factors such as seasonal changes, heat treatments, dyeing and lightening processes, styling sprays and creams we use, and therefore it becomes weak and worn out.
Moreover, irregular diet or unhealthy diet causes the hair to weaken and the keratin in the hair to disappear.
If your hair has become weak, damaged and faded due to these factors, keratin care comes to your rescue.
Keratin care provides protection against external factors by surrounding the hair strands like a protection shield.
The stronger hair strand is less affected by external factors.
With care products containing keratin, the keratin that the hair needs and lost is recharged.
In particular, split ends are repaired and the hair becomes more vibrant, brighter, softer and smoother.
Most importantly, hair grows healthier and stronger.
Thus, there is an increase in hair growth rate.
WHICH HAIR NEEDS KERATIN?
If your hair strands have become thinner or you notice that they are getting thinner, if your hair is more dull and lost its color, if you are losing a lot of hair and even break off in clumps, and if it is hard, difficult to comb, and even more difficult to style, it means that your hair needs this care.
HOW TO MAKE A KERATIN MASK?
Doing this care, which will repair your damaged hair and return Keratin to its former strong and vibrant state, is not as difficult as it seems.
You can also do Keratin is left on the hair for 15-20 minutes, and the hair is supported to absorb the product with a blow dryer, provided that the recommended temperatures are not too high.
Then, the hair is washed and dried, and a layer of hair is blow-dried with a machine such as a blow dryer or straightener.
When the treatment is completed, the keratin in your hair increases and the change is visible and your hair gets a great shine.
Applying this care to your hair periodically will be beneficial for the continuity of the proteins in your hair structure.
HOW TO PERFORM KERATIN CARE?
Generally, when keratin care is mentioned, everyone thinks of hair straightening procedures performed at the hairdresser.
However, keratin is a very important substance for hair, and keratin-containing care products should be used regularly in order for the hair to grow healthy and without breakage.
You should apply the herbal keratin shampoo by massaging it into your scalp, and apply the hair care cream by concentrating on the ends of your hair.
PRODUCTION OF KERATIN:
production of small proline-rich (SPRR) proteins and transglutaminase which eventually form a cornified cell envelope beneath the plasma membrane
*terminal differentiation:
loss of nuclei and organelles, in the final stages of cornification
Metabolism ceases, and the cells are almost completely filled by keratin.
During the process of epithelial differentiation, cells become cornified as keratin protein is incorporated into longer keratin intermediate filaments.
Eventually the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles disappear, metabolism ceases and cells undergo a programmed death as they become fully keratinized.
In many other cell types, such as cells of the dermis, keratin filaments and other intermediate filaments function as part of the cytoskeleton to mechanically stabilize the cell against physical stress.
Keratin does this through connections to desmosomes, cell–cell junctional plaques, and hemidesmosomes, cell-basement membrane adhesive structures.
Cells in the epidermis contain a structural matrix of keratin, which makes this outermost layer of the skin almost waterproof, and along with collagen and elastin gives skin its strength.
Rubbing and pressure cause thickening of the outer, cornified layer of the epidermis and form protective calluses, which are useful for athletes and on the fingertips of musicians who play stringed instruments.
Keratinized epidermal cells are constantly shed and replaced.
These hard, integumentary structures are formed by intercellular cementing of fibers formed from the dead, cornified cells generated by specialized beds deep within the skin.
Hair grows continuously and feathers molt and regenerate.
The constituent proteins may be phylogenetically homologous but differ somewhat in chemical structure and supermolecular organization.
The evolutionary relationships are complex and only partially known.
Multiple genes have been identified for the β-keratins in feathers, and this is probably characteristic of all keratins.
*Silk:
The silk fibroins produced by insects and spiders are often classified as keratins, though it is unclear whether they are phylogenetically related to vertebrate keratins.
Silk found in insect pupae, and in spider webs and egg casings, also has twisted β-pleated sheets incorporated into fibers wound into larger supermolecular aggregates.
The structure of the spinnerets on spiders’ tails, and the contributions of their interior glands, provide remarkable control of fast extrusion.
Spider silk is typically about 1 to 2 micrometers (µm) thick, compared with about 60 µm for human hair, and more for some mammals.
The biologically and commercially useful properties of silk fibers depend on the organization of multiple adjacent protein chains into hard, crystalline regions of varying size, alternating with flexible, amorphous regions where the chains are randomly coiled.
A somewhat analogous situation occurs with synthetic polymers such as nylon, developed as a silk substitute.
Silk from the hornet cocoon contains doublets about 10 µm across, with cores and coating, and may be arranged in up to 10 layers, also in plaques of variable shape.
Adult hornets also use silk as a glue, as do spiders.
Glue:
Glues made from partially-hydrolysed keratin include hoof glue and horn glue.
*Clinical significance
Abnormal growth of keratin can occur in a variety of conditions including keratosis, hyperkeratosis and keratoderma.
Keratin is highly resistant to digestive acids if ingested.
Cats regularly ingest hair as part of their grooming behavior, leading to the gradual formation of hairballs that may be expelled orally or excreted.
In humans, trichophagia may lead to Rapunzel syndrome, an extremely rare but potentially fatal intestinal condition.
*Diagnostic use
Keratin expression is helpful in determining epithelial origin in anaplastic cancers.
Tumors that express keratin include carcinomas, thymomas, sarcomas and trophoblastic neoplasms.
Furthermore, the precise expression-pattern of keratin subtypes allows prediction of the origin of the primary tumor when assessing metastases.
For example, hepatocellular carcinomas typically express CK8 and CK18, and cholangiocarcinomas express CK7, CK8 and CK18, while metastases of colorectal carcinomas express CK20, but not CK7
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of KERATIN:
Appearance: light yellow powder
Moisture: ≤6.0%
PH value: 4.5 ~ 6.5 (5% aqueous solution)
Mercury: ≤0.5mg/kg
Arsenic: ≤0.5mg/kg
Lead: ≤1.0mg/kg
Total bacteria: ≤1000cfu/g
Coliform: ≤30MPN/100g
Pathogenic bacteria: not detected
Protein content: ≥90.0%
FIRST AID MEASURES of KERATIN:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of KERATIN:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of KERATIN:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of KERATIN:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.
HANDLING and STORAGE of KERATIN:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
STABILITY and REACTIVITY of KERATIN:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available
