ETHYLHEXYL TRİAZONE; ethylhexyl triazone; benzoic acid, 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino)tris-, tris(2-ethylhexyl) ester; ethyl hexyl triazone; octyl triazone CAS NO:88122-99-0

paraben / PAO / parahydroxybenzoate, Inci : Ethylparaben, Cas : 120-47-8, 4-hydroxybenzoate d'éthyle, éthylparabène, parahydroxybenzoate d'éthyl, Le 4-hydroxybenzoate d'éthyle ou éthylparabène (E2144) est un conservateur5 de la famille des parabènes. Il est utilisé dans les cosmétiques, les médicaments et les aliments, pour ses propriétés antibactériennes et antifongiques.4-hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Ethylparaben; Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, ethyl ester; ETHYL PARABEN

Ethylparaben;ETHYL 4-HYDROXYBENZOATE; 120-47-8; Ethyl paraben; Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate CAS NO: 120-47-8

Ethylparaben is an ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with ethanol.
Ethylparaben is widely used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceutical formulations.
Ethylparaben may be used either alone or in combination with other paraben esters or with other antimicrobial agents.

CAS Number: 120-47-8
Molecular Formula: C9H10O3
Molecular Weight: 166.17
EINECS Number: 204-399-4

Synonyms: , CHEMBL15841, ETHYLPARABEN [USP-RS], Ethyl parahydroxybenzoate (TN), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzenecarboxylate, CHEBI:31575, AMY5118, NSC8510, Ethyl parahydroxybenzoate (JP17), HMS2091E17, Parahydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester, Pharmakon1600-01400151, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid ethyl ester, HY-B0934, NSC-8510, NSC23514, Tox21_111961, Tox21_300335, BBL012166, BDBM50428380, NSC755851, s4525, STK070911, ETHYL HYDROXYBENZOATE [MART.], AKOS000120512, ETHYL HYDROXYBENZOATE [WHO-DD], ETHYL HYDROXYBENZOATE [WHO-IP], Tox21_111961_1, CCG-213682, CS-4403, DB13628, ETHYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE [JAN], NSC-755851, NCGC00160654-02, NCGC00160654-03, NCGC00160654-04, NCGC00160654-06, NCGC00254462-01, AC-11586, AC-34532, AS-11988, DA-73229, NCI60_041866, SBI-0206674.P002, ETHYL ESTER OF P-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID, E0884, ETHYLIS HYDROXYBENZOAS [WHO-IP LATIN], H0211, NS00008316, EN300-16106, D01647, Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ReagentPlus(R), 99%, ETHYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE [EP IMPURITY], ETHYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE [EP MONOGRAPH], W18471, AB00375765_03, A804518, Q229976, SR-05000001552, SR-05000001552-1, W-108475, BRD-K02464583-001-01-4, BRD-K02464583-001-02-2, Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%, PROPYL HYDROXYBENZOATE IMPURITY C [EP IMPURITY], Z53833636, Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%, Ethylparaben, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), F0728-0009, METHYL PARAHYDROXYBENZOATE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY], Ethylparaben, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, Ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard, Ethylparaben, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, InChI=1/C9H10O3/c1-2-12-9(11)7-3-5-8(10)6-4-7/h3-6,10H,2H2,1H

Ethylparaben is a member of the class of compounds known as parabens.
It has a role as an antimicrobial food preservative, an antifungal agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoestrogen.
Ethylparaben is a paraben and an ethyl ester.

In cosmetics it is one of the most frequently used preservatives.
The parabens are effective over a wide pH range and have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, although they are most effective against yeasts and molds.
Owing to the poor solubility of the parabens, paraben salts, particularly the sodium salt, are frequently used.

However, this may cause the pH of poorly buffered formulations to become more alkaline.
Ethylparaben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate) is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Its formula is HO-C6H4-CO-O-CH2CH3.

Ethylparaben is a chemical compound commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food products.
Ethylparaben is a member of the paraben family, which consists of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Ethylparaben is known for its antimicrobial properties, which help to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and mold, thereby extending the shelf life of products.

Ethylparaben is used as an antifungal preservative. As a food additive.
Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate, the sodium salt of ethylparaben, has the same uses and is given the E number E215.
Over the past 10 years parabens have become criticised and condemned for use in cosmetics due to their alleged relation to health concerns affecting women and men.

The research about parabens is conflicting and polarising.
Some research indicates they are safe as used in cosmetics and are preferred over other preservatives to keep a formula stable.
These studies also showed Ethylparaben did not have any effect when compared to natural hormones in the body.

However, other research has concluded they are indeed problematic: Some studies determined a 100% concentration of parabens caused skin samples (meaning not intact skin on a person) to break down.
However, these studies don’t apply to the tiny amount (1% or less) of parabens typically used in cosmetics.
In low amounts, Ethylparaben were not shown to harm skin; in fact, they offer a benefit due to their ability to thwart the growth of mold, fungi, and harmful pathogens.

Other studies casting Ethylparaben in a negative light were based on force-feeding them to rats, a practice that is not only cruel but unrelated to what happens when parabens are applied to skin.
There are studies indicating absorption of parabens through skin associated with application of skin care products, but those studies did not take into consideration that parabens are still used as food-grade preservatives or found naturally in plants and that could have been the source not the cosmetics.
Ethylparaben is used in lotions, creams, shampoos, and makeup products to prevent microbial contamination.

Acts as a preservative in various pharmaceutical formulations, including topical creams and ointments.
Utilized in food products to inhibit the growth of mold and yeast, though its use is regulated in many countries.
Ethylparaben, like other parabens, has been scrutinized for potential health risks.

Some studies have suggested a link between parabens and endocrine disruption, leading to regulatory review and restrictions on their concentrations in consumer products.
Regulatory agencies like the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and the European Commission have set guidelines and limits for the use of Ethylparaben in products to ensure consumer safety.
Ethylparaben is in the paraben family of preservatives used by the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care product industries.

Parabens mimic estrogen and can act as potential hormone (endocrine) system disruptors.
Ethylparaben is ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, a member of a family of alky esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid differing by their chemical substituents on the benzene ring.
Ethylparaben occurs as a white or colourless powder or crystalline, odourless, and tasteless powder.

Ethylparaben is provided as delivered and specified by the issuing Pharmacopoeia.
All information provided in support of this product, including SDS and any product information leaflets have been developed and issued under the Authority of the issuing Pharmacopoeia.For further information and support please go to the website of the issuing Pharmacopoeia.

Ethylparaben, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and heptyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoate are denominated parabens.
They are odorless, almost colorless crystals or white crystalline powders.
Water solubility is inversely related to alkyl chain length.

The pH range of antimicrobial activity is 3–8; their antimicrobial activity is mainly against bacteria and fungi.
Combinations of two or more parabens are often used since they have synergistic effects.
FDA sets the maximum level of application of methyl (21CFR184.1490) and propyl (21CFR184.1670) esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid at 0.1%.

Ethylparaben is an ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with ethanol.
Ethylparaben has a role as an antimicrobial food preservative, an antifungal agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoestrogen.
Ethylparaben is a paraben and an ethyl ester.

Ethylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen.
The physiologic effect of ethylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.
Ethylparaben is a natural product found in Ulva australis, Andrographis paniculata, and other organisms with data available.

Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Ethylparaben's formula is HO-C6H4-CO-O-CH2CH3.
Ethylparaben is a member of the class of compounds known as parabens.

Ethylparaben is used as an antifungal preservative.
Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate, the sodium salt of ethylparaben, has the same uses and is given the E number E214.
Ethyl paraben is an ethyl ester.

Ethylparaben has a role as an antimicrobial food preservative, an antifungal agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoestrogen.
Ethylparaben is produced naturally and found in several fruits and insects, where it acts as an antimicrobial agent.
Ethylparaben is mainly used as antiseptics in cosmetics, food and medicine (E number E214).

Ethylparaben is also can be used as feed preservatives and antiseptic for bacteria.
Ethylparaben is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract or through the skin.
Ethylparaben is hydrolyzed to p-hydroxybenzoic acid and rapidly excreted in urine without accumulating in the body.

Under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), cosmetic products and ingredients, other than color additives, do not need FDA approval before they go on the market.
Broad concentration ranges reported in each product category in 1981 were < 0.1% and > 0.1% to 1%.
Studies show the in vivo estrogenicity of MP and EP at human exposure levels, and indicate that populations exposed to large amounts of MP and EP may have a high burden of
estrogenicity-related diseases.

Ethylparaben is an ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with ethanol.
Ethylparaben has a role as an antimicrobial food preservative, an antifungal agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoestrogen.
It is a paraben and an ethyl ester.

Ethylparaben is widely used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics,food products, and pharmaceutical formulations.
Ethylparaben may be used either alone or in combination with other paraben esters or with other antimicrobial agents.
In cosmetics it is one of the most frequently used preservatives.

The parabens are effective over a wide pH range and have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, although they are most effective against yeasts and molds.
Owing to the poor solubility of the parabens, paraben salts, particularly the sodium salt, are frequently used.
However, this may cause the pH of poorly buffered formulations to become more alkaline.

Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative and food additive.
Ethylparaben is a standardized chemical allergen.
The physiologic effect of ethylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.

A very common type of feared-by-everyone-mostly-without-scientific-reason paraben.
Ethylparaben's a cheap, effective and well-tolerated ingredient to make sure the cosmetic formula does not go wrong too soon.

Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, used as an antifungal preservative and food additive.
It is a standardized chemical allergen. The physiologic effect of ethylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.

These are aromatic compounds containing a benzoic acid, which is esterified with an alkyl group and para-substituted with a hydroxyl group.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
Ethylparabens are a group of controversial preservatives that include butylparaben, isobutylparaben, propylparaben, methylparaben, and ethylparaben.

All of these were at one time the most widely used group of preservatives used in cosmetics.
Ethylparabens were so popular because of their gentle, non-sensitizing, and highly effective profile in comparison to other preservatives but also because they were derived naturally from plants, a rare phenomenon for a preservative.
Ethylparabens are found in plants in the form of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), a chemical that breaks down to become parabens for a plants own protection.

Melting point: 114-117 °C (lit.)
Boiling point:297-298 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.1708 (rough estimate)
vapor pressure: 0.00012 hPa (25 °C)
refractive index: 1.5286 (estimate)
Flash point: 297-298°C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Very slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol (96 per cent) and in methanol.
form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 8.31±0.13(Predicted)
color: White
PH: 4.5-5.5 (H2O, 20°C) (saturated solution)
Odor: at 100.00?%. mild phenolic
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water.
Merck: 14,3837
BRN: 1101972
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.
LogP: 2.470

Ethylparaben, like other parabens, can enter the environment through wastewater.
There is some concern about its persistence and potential effects on aquatic life.
Ethylparaben works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast.

Ethylparaben disrupts microbial cell membrane functions, leading to the death of these organisms.
This antimicrobial action is effective at very low concentrations, which makes Ethylparaben a cost-effective preservative.
There are concerns that parabens can mimic estrogen and potentially disrupt hormonal balance.

However, the levels used in consumer products are generally considered safe by regulatory authorities.
Ongoing research continues to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and environmental impact of Ethylparaben.
Investigating potential links to cancer, reproductive issues, and other health concerns.

Exploring natural preservatives and novel antimicrobial technologies.
Ethylparaben is a paraben and preservative found in many skin care products, ranging from skin cream to body lotion to deodorant.

Ethylparaben can be found in essential oils used to treat dry skin and in primrose oil serving as an anti-septic.
Although parabens are generally considered safe when used in low percentages (.04% - .08%), a study claimed to have found a link between parabens and breast cancer.

According to the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel, however, "the available acute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity tests, using a range of exposure routes, demonstrate a low order of parabens' toxicity at concentrations that would be used in cosmetics" (source).
After testing different levels of exposure to parabens in women, men, and children, the CIR Expert Panel found that these "determinations are conservative and likely represent an overestimate of the possibility of an adverse effect (e.g., use concentrations may be lower, penetration may be less) and support the safety of cosmetic products in which parabens preservatives are used."

Parabens are a group of controversial preservatives that include butylparaben, isobutylparaben, propylparaben, methylparaben, and ethylparaben.
All of these were at one time the most widely used group of preservatives used in cosmetics. Parabens were so popular because of their gentle, non-sensitizing, and highly effective profile in comparison to other preservatives but also because they were derived naturally from plants, a rare phenomenon for a preservative.

Ethylparaben are found in plants in the form of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), a chemical that breaks down to become parabens for a plants own protection.
Over the past 10 years parabens have become criticized and condemned for use in cosmetics due to their alleged relation to health concerns affecting women and men.
The research about parabens is conflicting and polarizing.

Some research indicates they are safe as used in cosmetics and are preferred over other preservatives to keep a formula stable.
These studies also showed parabens did not have any effect when compared to natural hormones in the body.
However, other research has concluded they are indeed problematic: Some studies determined a 100% concentration of parabens caused skin samples (meaning not intact skin on a person) to break down.

However, these studies don’t apply to the tiny amount (1% or less) of parabens typically used in cosmetics.
In low amounts, parabens were not shown to harm skin; in fact, they offer a benefit due to their ability to thwart the growth of mold, fungi, and harmful pathogens.
Other studies casting Ethylparaben in a negative light were based on force-feeding them to rats, a practice that is not only cruel but unrelated to what happens when parabens are applied to skin.

There are studies indicating absorption of parabens through skin associated with application of skincare products, but those studies did not take into consideration that Ethylparaben are still used as foodgrade preservatives or found naturally in plants and that could have been the source not the cosmetics.
The antimicrobial properties of ethylparaben are considerably reduced in the presence of nonionic surfactants as a result of micellization.

Absorption of ethylparaben by plastics has not been reported, although it appears probable given the behavior of other parabens.
Ethylparaben is coabsorbed on silica in the presence of ethoxylated phenols. Yellow iron oxide, ultramarine blue, and aluminum silicate extensively absorb ethylparaben in simple aqueous systems, thus reducing preservative efficacy.
Ethylparaben is discolored in the presence of iron and is subject to hydrolysis by weak alkalis and strong acids.

Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral, otic, and topical preparations).
Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK.
Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

Ethylparaben is the ethyl ester of paraben and is used as an antifungal preservative and food additive.
The solubility of Ethylparaben increases greatly as the temperature of the water rises.
Therefore a concentrate may be made up by heating an appropriate quantity of water to 60- 100 °C prior to addition of Ethylparaben.

This concentrate may then be added to the formulation, provided that the ester concentration does not exceed its solubility in the formulation at normal ambient temperatures.
Dissolving in organic solvents Ethylparaben is readily soluble in polar organic solvents.
Where such a solvent is already part of a formulation an Ethylparaben concentrate may be made up prior to addition.

If a suitable solvent is not already part of the formulation,a highly concentrated solution may be madeup e.g. 32% in Ethanol, which would give insignificant residual levels of ethanol in the end product.
Ethylparaben is readily soluble in lipophilic ingredients and may be introduced to a formulation by adding to the oil phase with some warming before any emulsification stage.

In multiphase systems, such as emulsions, Ethylparaben is often advisable to use a combination of aqueous dissolution with either of the other methods to ensure adequate preservation.
The ester may be incorporated in the water to its maximum solubility and any further quantities may be dissolved in the oil phase, or solvent, as appropriate.
Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to parabens, though such cases are relatively rare.

FDA (Food and Drug Administration): In the United States, Ethylparaben is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food, drugs, and cosmetics, within specified concentration limits.
EU (European Union): The European Commission allows the use of Ethylparaben in cosmetics but has set maximum concentration limits to ensure safety.

The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) has conducted reviews and provided guidelines on safe levels of use.
Various countries have their own regulations and guidelines regarding the use of parabens, often aligning with international standards.

Storage:
Aqueous ethylparaben solutions at pH 3–6 can be sterilized by autoclaving, without decomposition.
At pH 3–6, aqueous solutions are stable (less than 10% decomposition) for up to about 4 years at room temperature, while solutions at pH 8 or above are subject to rapid hydrolysis (10% or more after about 60 days at room temperature).
Ethylparaben should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

Uses:
Ethylparaben is used as a food preservative to extend the shelf life of various food products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast.
Beyond its use in consumer products, Ethylparaben finds applications in industrial settings.
Ethylparaben to prevent microbial growth and extend the shelf life of these products.

As a preservative in various chemical formulations used in these industries.
Ethylparaben is also used in laboratory settings for research purposes.
As a reference standard in studies investigating the effects of parabens on health.

In the development and validation of analytical methods for detecting parabens in various matrices.
Ethylparaben is used in certain veterinary products to ensure their safety and efficacy by preventing microbial contamination.
Syrups and suspensions for veterinary use.

Ethylparaben is a key ingredient in many personal care products because it prevents microbial contamination, which can cause spoilage and pose health risks to consumers.
Ethylparaben to keep formulations free from bacteria and fungi.

Ethylparaben preserves the shelf life of products like foundations, powders, and blushes.
Ethylparaben is used in shampoos, conditioners, and styling gels to maintain product integrity.
Included in facial and body washes to prevent microbial growth.

In pharmaceuticals, maintaining sterility and preventing contamination is crucial for patient safety.
Ethylparaben is used in: Topical Medications: Creams and ointments applied to the skin, Oral Solutions: Syrups and liquid suspensions taken by mouth.
Ethylparaben is used in formulations that require stringent microbial control.

Ethylparaben helps extend the shelf life of various food items by preventing the growth of mold and bacteria.
Cakes, pastries, and bread where moisture content can promote microbial growth.
Ethylparaben, have been scrutinized for their potential to disrupt hormone function by mimicking estrogen.

This has raised concerns about possible links to breast cancer and reproductive toxicity.
Although rare, some individuals may experience skin irritation or allergic reactions to parabens.
The FDA considers Ethylparaben as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in specified amounts.

The European Commission has imposed limits on the concentration of parabens in cosmetic products.
The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) has reviewed and provided guidelines on their safe use.
Different countries have varying regulations, often aligned with those of major regulatory bodies like the FDA and EU.

Ethylparaben, like other parabens, can enter the environment through wastewater.
Studies are ongoing to understand; Persistence: The longevity of Ethylparaben in environmental settings, Bioaccumulation: Potential for accumulation in aquatic organisms and the broader ecosystem impact.
Due to safety concerns and regulatory pressures, manufacturers are exploring alternatives to Ethylparaben.

These include; A common alternative with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, Effective against yeast and fungi.
Ethylparaben is used in food and cosmetics to inhibit mold and yeast growth.
Investigate the chronic effects of parabens on health and the environment.

Identify and develop safer, effective preservatives.
Enhance analytical techniques for detecting parabens in various products and environmental samples.
Ethylparaben is mainly used as antiseptics in cosmetics, food and medicine.

It is also can be used as feed preservatives and antiseptic for bacteria.
Ethylparaben is a preservative that is used in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products in order to extend the shelf-life by preventing microbial contamination.
In most formulations, parabens are used at very low levels ranging from 0.01 to 0.3%.

Ethylparaben, a novel sorbent for solid-phase extraction, was used to study its retention property.
Ethylparaben has high extraction efficiency towards the compounds tested owing to the electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding.
Ethylparaben may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in pharmaceutical formulations by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

These Secondary Standards are qualified as Certified Reference Materials.
These are suitable for use in several analytical applications including but not limited to pharma release testing, pharma method development for qualitative and quantitative analyses, food and beverage quality control testing, and other calibration requirements.
Ethylparaben is widely used in cosmetic and personal care products to prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life.

Some specific applications include: Skin Care Products: Lotions, creams, moisturizers, and sunscreens, Hair Care Products: Shampoos, conditioners, hair gels, and styling products.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Ethylparaben serves as a preservative to ensure the stability and safety of various medications.

Ethylparaben applications include: Topical Preparations: Creams, ointments, gels, and lotions used for treating skin conditions, Syrups, suspensions, and tablets to prevent contamination and degradation.
Ethylparaben certain parenteral formulations may include Ethylparaben to maintain sterility.

Safety Profile:
Ethylparaben, in vivo, have also been reported to exhibit estrogenic responses in fish.
The WHO has set an estimated total acceptable daily intake for methyl-, ethyl-, and propylparabens at up to 10 mg/kg body-weight.

Ethylparaben and other parabens are widely used as antimicrobial preservatives in cosmetics, food products, and oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Systemically, no adverse reactions to parabens have been reported, although they have been associated with hypersensitivity reactions.

1,2-Ethylenediamine; 1,2-Diaminoethane; EDA; Ethane-1,2-diamine; Aethaldiamin (German); Aethylenediamin (German); 1,2-diaminoaethan (German) ; 1,2-Diamino-ethaan (Dutch); 1, 2-Diamino-Ethano (Italian); Dimethylenediamine; Ethyleendiamine (Dutch); Ethylene-diamine (French); β-Aminoethylamine; cas no:107-15-3

1,2-Diacetoxyethane; 1,2-Ethanediol, Diacetate; Ethanediol Diacetate; Ethylene Acetate; Ethylene Diacetate; Glycol Acetate; Ethylene Glycol Diacetate; Glycol Diacetate; EGDA;GLYCOL; ETHANEDIOL; 1,2-ETHANDIOL; DOWTHERM(R) SR1; ETHANE-1,2-DIOL; DOWTHERM(TM) SR1; GLYCOL DIACETATE; ETHYLENE ALCOHOL; ETHYLENE ACETATE CAS NO:111-55-7

SYNONYMS Acetate d'ethyle;ACETATE, ETHYL;acetato de etilo;Acetic acid ethyl ester;Acetic acid, ester with EtOH;Acetic acid, ethyl ester;Acetic ether;Acetidin;Acetoxyethane CAS NO:141-78-6

EUCALYPTOL, N° CAS : 470-82-6, Nom INCI : EUCALYPTOL. Nom chimique : 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; 1,8-Cineole. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 207-431-5. Ses fonctions (INCI), Dénaturant : Rend les cosmétiques désagréables. Principalement ajouté aux cosmétiques contenant de l'alcool éthylique,Tonifiant : Produit une sensation de bien-être sur la peau et les cheveux Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

ethanol; ethyl alcohol; aethylalkohol; alcohol, absolute; alcohol, ethyl; hydroxyethane ; ethyl hydroxide; thanol cas no:64-17-5

SYNONYMS Glycol Distearate; Ethylene Glycol Dioctadecanoate;Octadecanoic Acid, 1,2-Ethanediyl Ester; Ethylene Dioctadecanoate; 1,2-Ethanediyl Octadecanoate; CAS NO:627-83-8

ethylenediamine; 1,2-Ethylenediamine; 1,2-Diaminoethane; EDA; Ethane-1,2-diamine; Aethaldiamin; Aethylenediamin; 1,2-diaminoaethan; 1,2-Diamino-ethaan; 1, 2-Diamino-Ethano; Dimethylenediamine; Ethyleendiamine; Ethylene-diamine; β-Aminoethylamine; CAS NO: 107-15-3

EUGENOL, N° CAS : 97-53-0 - Eugénol, Autre langue : Eugenolo, Nom INCI : EUGENOL, Nom chimique : Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-589-1, L'Eugénol est un composé aromatique phénolique présent naturellement notamment dans le clou de girofle. Il sert à la fabrication de la vanilline et est utilisé dans les cosmétiques en tant qu'aromatisant. Il est employé en dentisterie en tant qu'analgésique, est utilisé dans les ciments chirurgicaux et certaines pâtes dentaires.Ses fonctions (INCI) : Dénaturant : Rend les cosmétiques désagréables. Principalement ajouté aux cosmétiques contenant de l'alcool éthylique. Tonifiant : Produit une sensation de bien-être sur la peau et les cheveuxAgent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les . matières premières aromatiques. Noms français : 1-HYDROXY-2-METHOXY-4-ALLYLBENZENE 1-HYDROXY-2-METHOXY-4-PROP-2-ENYLBENZENE 2-METHOXY-4-(2-PROPENYL) PHENOL 2-METHOXY-4-PROP-2-ENYLPHENOL 4-ALLYL-1-HYDROXY-2-METHOXYBENZENE 4-Allyl-2-Methoxybenzene 4-ALLYL-2-METHOXYPHENOL 4-ALLYLGUAIACOL ALLYLGUAIACOL CARYOPHILLIC ACID EUGENIC ACID Eugénol Hydroxy-1 méthoxy-2 allyl-4 benzène P-ALLYLGUAIACOL P-EUGENOL PHENOL, 2-METHOXY-4-(2-PROPENYL)- PHENOL, 4-ALLYL-2-METHOXY- Noms anglais : Eugenol Utilisation et sources d'émission Agent de saveur, agent anesthésiant

EUCALYPYOL = 1,8 CINEOLE

Eucalyptol is naturally produced cyclic ether and monoterpenoid.
Eucalyptol is an ingredient in many brands of mouthwash and cough suppressant.
Eucalyptol is an effective treatment for nonpurulent rhinosinusitis.

CAS Number: 470-82-6
EC Number: 207-431-5
Chemical Formula: C10H18O
Molar Mass: 154.249 g/mol

Eucalyptol is a type of monoterpenoid.
Eucalyptol occurs as a colorless liquid that exists as a bicyclic ether.

Eucalyptol also has a fresh, mint-like smell and a spicy-cooling taste.
Eucalyptol is insoluble in water.

However, Eucalyptol is miscible with organic solvents.
Typically, Eucalyptus makes up about 90% of the eucalyptus oil.

Moreover, eucalyptol forms crystalline adducts along with hydrohalic acid, o-cresol, resorcinol, phosphoric acid, etc.
The formation of these adducts is very important in purification.

The chemical formula of this compound is C10H18O.
Eucalyptol molar mass is 154.249 g/mol.

The density of this liquid is closely similar to that of water, and Eucalyptol has a low melting point, which is about 2.9 degrees Celsius.
But Eucalyptol boiling point is comparatively high, which is around 177 degrees Celsius.

Eucalyptol has a pleasant, spicy aroma and taste, and we can use Eucalyptol for flavoring, fragrance, and cosmetics.
We can use Eucalyptol oily form sparingly in different products such as baked goods, confectionery, meat products, and beverages.
Moreover, eucalyptol is an ingredient in commercially available mouthwashes, and Eucalyptol is useful in traditional medicine as a cough suppressant.

1,8-Cineole also known as Eucalyptol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oxanes.
Oxanes are compounds containing an oxane (tetrahydropyran) ring, which is a six-membered saturated aliphatic heterocycle, composed of one oxygen atom and five carbon atoms.

Eucalyptol is an organic compound that is a colourless liquid.
Eucalyptol is a cyclic ether and a monoterpenoid.

Monoterpenoids are terpenes that contain 10 carbon atoms and are comprised of two isoprene units.
The biosynthesis of monoterpenes is known to occur mainly through the methyl-eritritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids.

Geranyl diphosphate (GPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes.
GPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements.

Eucalyptol is a natural constituent of a number of aromatic plants and their essential oil fractions.
Eucalyptus oil is the oil extracted from the leaves of various Eucalyptus species.

Eucalyptol oil is used for Eucalyptol aromatic properties and as an ingredient in pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
Cineole-based eucalyptus oil is used as a flavouring at low levels (0.002%) in various products, including baked goods, confectionery, meat products, and beverages.

Eucalyptol was given GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturer's Association FEMA in 1965 and is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for food use.
1,8-Dihydroxy-10-carboxy-p-menthane, 2-hydroxy-cineole, and 3-hydroxy-cineole are the main metabolites of eucalyptol.

Toxicological data available on eucalyptol is rather limited.
Following accidental exposure, death was reported in two cases after ingestion of 3.5-5 mL of essential eucalyptus oil, but a number of recoveries have also been described for much higher amounts of oil.

In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, eucalyptol was listed as one of the 599 additives to cigarettes.
Eucalyptol is added to improve the flavour.
Eucalyptol is found in many foods, some of which are common thyme, caraway, sunflower, and pot marjoram.

Eucalyptol is an aromatic chemical, usually appearing as a clear liquid with a herbal eucalyptus odour.
Eucalyptol is naturally present as an organic compound in the essential oils of many plants, including tea tree, rosemary and sage.

Eucalyptol is the chief component of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, and is used as a component of many fragrances, food and medicine flavourings for Eucalyptol potent aroma and minty-cooling flavour.
Eucalyptol is naturally present as a component of many of the essential oils we use as fragrances for our products.

Eucalyptol, commonly called cineole, is the primary terpene found in eucalyptus and this terpene got Eucalyptol name through eucalyptus.
More than 80% eucalyptol is present in the essential oil extracted from eucalyptus trees.

A good quantity of eucalyptol is present in tea trees, mugwort, bay leaves and cannabis.
The formula for eucalyptol is C10H18O and Eucalyptol can be topically applied to the body.

When compared to the other commonly found terpenes, eucalyptol has more conditions and features.
Eucalyptol can be directly applied on the skin, gums and other areas.

Eucalpytol can be orally inhaled, eaten or consumed as a tincture.
Like any other chemicals eucalyptol is toxic and dangerous when taken in higher dose, so Eucalyptol is always better to dilute the strength of the oil.

Eucalyptol controls airway mucus hypersecretion and asthma via anti-inflammatory cytokine inhibition.
Eucalyptol reduces inflammation and pain when applied topically.

Eucalyptol is a monoterpenoid.
A colorless liquid, Eucalyptol is a bicyclic ether.

Eucalyptol has a fresh mint-like smell and a spicy, cooling taste.
Eucalyptol is insoluble in water, but miscible with organic solvents.

Eucalyptol makes up ~70–90% of eucalyptus oil.
Eucalyptol forms crystalline adducts with hydrohalic acids, o-cresol, resorcinol, and phosphoric acid.
Formation of these adducts is useful for purification.

In 1870, F. S. Cloez identified and ascribed the name "eucalyptol" to the dominant portion of Eucalyptus globulus oil.

Eucalyptol is also known by some other names such as: cineol, cineole, 1,8-cineol, 1,8-cineole, 1,8-epoxy-p-menthan, 1,8-oxido-p-menthan, limonenoxide, cajeputol, eucalyptole, 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2,2,2]octane.
This is an active liquid, colorless at room temperature, Eucalyptol is found in nature.

In the essential oil of products with the common name eucalyptus oil, this active ingredient accounts for more than 90%.
That's why many people call Eucalyptol eucalyptus oil.

Eucalyptol is naturally produced cyclic ether and monoterpenoid.
Eucalyptol is an ingredient in many brands of mouthwash and cough suppressant.

Eucalyptol controls airway mucus hypersecretion and asthma via anti-inflammatory cytokine inhibition.
Eucalyptol is an effective treatment for nonpurulent rhinosinusitis.

Eucalyptol reduces inflammation and pain when applied topically.
Eucalyptol kills leukaemia cells in vitro.

Eucalyptol is a natural product found in Curcuma amada, Thryptomene saxicola, and other organisms with data available.
1,8-cineol is a colorless liquid with a camphor-like odor.

Eucalyptol, also frequently called 1,8-cineol, is the primary constituent of oil produced by Eucalyptus spp.
Eucalyptol is also found in tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil, Artemisia spp. (e.g., wormwood and sagebrush), and even Cannabis sativa.

French chemist François Stanislas Cloez isolated eucalyptol from Eucalyptus globulus in 1870.
Another Eucalyptusspecies, E. cloeziana, was named in his honor.

Because Eucalyptol’s Thanksgiving week, you might have guessed that eucalyptol has something to do with the holiday.
If so, you’d be right.

In addition to the species mentioned above, eucalyptol is an ingredient in many spices used to prepare the turkey day meal: bay leaf, cardamom, rosemary, and sage, to name a few.
Eucalyptol is a contributor to the wonderful aroma of holiday cooking.

Eucalyptol is also used as a flavor ingredient in oral hygiene products and cough suppressants.
Eucalyptol is safe to ingest in small quantities, but Eucalyptol is toxic in larger doses.
In 1981, M. Verma and C. E. Meloan found that eucalyptol in bay leaves is an effective cockroach repellent.

Patients with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and neurological diseases have been shown to benefit from treatments such as aromatherapy in addition to medication.
Most chronic diseases are caused by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress as well as harmful factors.

Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole), a terpenoid oxide isolated from Eucalyptus species, is a promising compound for treating such conditions as Eucalyptol has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various diseases, including respiratory disease, pancreatitis, colon damage, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
Eucalyptol suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proinflammatory cytokine production through the action of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, and reduces oxidative stress through the regulation of signaling pathways and radical scavenging.

The effects of eucalyptol have been studied in several cell and animal models as well as in patients with chronic diseases.
Furthermore, eucalyptol can pass the blood-brain barrier and hence can be used as a carrier to deliver drugs to the brain via a microemulsion system.
In summary, the various biological activities of eucalyptol such as Eucalyptol anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as Eucalyptol physicochemical characteristics, make this compound a potentially important drug for the treatment of chronic diseases.

Eucalyptol is widely distributed in plants.
The main food sources are eucalyptus oil (up to 80% eucalyptol), the herbs and spices mugwort, sweet basil, rosemary, sage and cardamom and their essential oils.
Highest exposure from food is likely to arise from hard (cough) candy in which up to about 130 mg eucalyptol/kg or about 2000 mg eucalyptus oil/kg have been reported to be used.

Consumption of 10 g of hard candy containing 2000 mg eucalyptus oil/kg would result in an intake of up to 16 mg of eucalyptol, equivalent to 0.27 mg/kg bw for an adult of 60 kg.
A mean daily intake of eucalyptol from flavoured foodstuffs in France has been estimated to be 4.5 mg/person, equivalent to 0.075 mg/kg bw.

This exercise was based on use levels of eucalyptol provided by industry and took into account the market share of all food categories possibly flavoured by plants, extracts of plants or eucalyptus oil.
The food intake data were from the French survey on individual consumptions.

Uses of Eucalyptol:
In the field of medicine, Eucalyptol is used to make mouthwash and cough medicine.
Eucalyptol has an antiseptic effect on the respiratory tract.

Helps relieve sore throat, itchy throat effectively.
Eucalyptol is used as a flavoring and flavoring agent in cosmetics, confectionery and food.

Due to Eucalyptol pleasant aroma and taste.
In addition, people also use Eucalyptol to make insect repellent.

Eucalyptol is chief constituent of oil of eucalyptus.
Eucalyptol is used in pharmaceuticals (cough syrups and expectorants).

Eucalyptol also used as a flavoring agent, fragrance, disinfectant, and solvent.
Eucalyptus oil contains up to 70% eucalyptol.

Eucalyptol is fragrance and flavoring agent in foods, candies, cough drops, personal car products.

Eucalyptol is used pharmaceuticals (cough syrups, expectorants), flavoring, perfumery
Essential oils such as eucalyptol reduce plaque-related gingivitis.

Because of Eucalyptol pleasant, spicy aroma and taste, eucalyptol is used in flavorings, fragrances, and cosmetics.
Cineole-based eucalyptus oil is used as a flavouring at low levels (0.002%) in various products, including baked goods, confectionery, meat products, and beverages.

In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, eucalyptol was listed as one of the 599 additives to cigarettes.
Eucalyptol is claimed to be added to improve the flavor.

Eucalyptol is an ingredient in commercial mouthwashes, and has been used in traditional medicine as a cough suppressant.

Therapeutic Uses:
Eucalyptol has mucolytic, bronchodilating and anti-inflammatory properties and reduces the exacerbation rate in patients suffering from COPD, as well as ameliorates symptoms in patients suffering from asthma and rhinosinusitis.
Based on these effects, we therefore postulated the hypothesis that patients with acute bronchitis would also benefit from therapy with Eucalyptol.

As part of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center-study, a total of 242 patients with confirmed acute bronchitis was randomly selected to participate.
Over a period of 10 days, all patients were administered 3 x 200 mg of Eucalyptol, or a respective placebo, per day.

The primary outcome measure was a Bronchitis Sum Score, which summarizes the relevant symptoms of acute bronchitis.
After 4 days of treatment Eucalyptol was notable, that the patient group treated with Eucalyptol, showed significantly more improvements of the bronchitis-sum-score than those of the placebo group.

The statistical significant difference of the individual outcome measures was especially underlined by the frequency of cough fits by p?=?0.0001 after 4 days.
The effects of Eucalyptol in the treatment of acute bronchitis were clearly measurable and could be proven after a treatment period of merely 4 days.
This study corroborates the fact that Eucalyptol actively and significantly reduces cough frequency after four days.

The clinical effects of mucolytics in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are discussed controversially.
Eucalyptol is the main constituent of eucalyptus oil and mainly used in inflammatory airway diseases as a mucolytic agent.

We hypothesized that Eucalyptol known mucolytic, bronchodilating and anti-inflammatory effects as concomitant therapy would reduce the exacerbation rate and show benefits on pulmonary function tests as well as quality of life in patients with COPD.
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled multi-center-study we randomly assigned 242 patients with stable COPD to receive 200 mg of Eucalyptol or placebo 3 times daily as concomitant therapy for 6 months during winter-time.

The frequency, duration and severity of exacerbations were combined as primary outcome measures for testing as multiple criteria.
Secondary outcome measures included changes of lung function, respiratory symptoms and quality of life as well as the single parameters of the exacerbations.

Baseline demographics, lung function and standard medication of both groups were comparable.
During the treatment period of 6 months the multiple criteria frequency, severity and duration of exacerbations were significantly lower in the group treated with Eucalyptol in comparison to placebo.

Secondary outcome measures validated these findings.
Improvement of lung function, dyspnea and quality of life as multiple criteria were statistically significant relative to placebo.

Adverse events were comparable in both groups.
Concomitant therapy with Eucalyptol reduces exacerbations as well as dyspnea and improves lung function and health status.
This study further suggests Eucalyptol as an active controller of airway inflammation in COPD by intervening in the pathophysiology of airway inflammation of the mucus membrane.

Industry Uses:
Flavoring and nutrient
Fragrance

Consumer Uses:
Fragrance

Other Uses:
Eucalyptol exhibits insecticidal and insect repellent properties.

In contrast, eucalyptol is one of many compounds that are attractive to males of various species of orchid bees, which gather the chemical to synthesize pheromones.
Eucalyptol is commonly used as bait to attract and collect these bees for study.

One such study with Euglossa imperialis, a nonsocial orchid bee species, has shown that the presence of cineole (also eucalyptol) elevates territorial behavior and specifically attracts the male bees.
Eucalyptol was even observed that these males would periodically leave their territories to forage for chemicals such as cineole, thought to be important for attracting and mating with females, to synthesize pheromones.

Dosage and Administration of Eucalyptol:

For adults:

Oral medicine:
Adults and children 12 years of age and older take 1 tablet/time: 2 to 4 tablets a day or as directed by a physician.

Spray:
Open the protective cap vertically.
Then put your index finger on the nozzle tip, press 2-3 times in the air to break the inner protective film of the nozzle.

Gently insert the nozzle into the side of the nose.
Then quickly press the nozzle 2-3 times in each nostril.

Clean and dry the nozzle, then close the protective cap.
Note, do not use the medicine more than 4 weeks after opening.

Essential Oils:
Sprinkle a few drops on a handkerchief and inhale as required.
Inhale the vapors from the spilled oil droplets into the bowl of hot water 'inhale' and the moisture is inhaled.
Add 2-3 drops of oil to a cup of warm water (50 ° C) and drink while still warm, use 2 times a day.

Nasal spray:
Pour one teaspoon of medicine into a cup or glass of hot water 70 degrees C-80 degrees C cover the mouth of the cup or glass with a paper funnel.
Place the nose in the funnel.

Then carefully inhale the steam through your nose slowly and slowly while the water is still hot.
Continue to inhale until the vapor is gone.
3 times a day, 1 teaspoon of medicine each time.

Massage oil:
Massage the skin at the painful spot.

Cough in the chest:
Rub in front of the chest, neck, and back.

Indigestion, abdominal pain:
Rub the abdomen Cold and flu (you can put 5-10 drops of oil in 250 mL of hot water in a steamer and inhaler), runny nose, stuffy nose: Rub the temples, neck, back of the neck, nose.

Dizziness, headache, nausea:
Rub both temples, neck, philtrum, nose. For children The dosage form is not suitable for use in children under 12 years of age.
Do not use the inhaler in children under 6 years of age, children with a history of seizures or convulsions due to high fever.

Indications and contraindications of Eucalyptol:

Indications:
Eucalyptol is indicated for the treatment of some of the following cases:
Relieves some symptoms of nasal congestion, rhinitis, and common cold.

Use antiseptic for respiratory tract, teeth, mouth.
Treats runny nose, flu, cough, sore throat, helps relieve symptoms of mild muscle sprains and cramps.

Contraindications:
Eucalyptol is contraindicated in some of the following cases:
Children under 30 months of age or children with seizures due to high fever or a history of seizures.

Do not use in cases of hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the drug.
Eucalyptol should not be used in cases of cough due to asthma and when the patient has respiratory failure (due to the respiratory-suppressive properties of Eucalyptol).

Benefits of Eucalyptol:
Eucalyptol is an analgesic, antibacterial, relieves pain.
Eucalyptol acts as a good anti-fungal and reduces inflammation in systematic manner.

Eucalyptol slows down the growth of cancer cells in the human body and prevents problems of oxidation to other molecules in the body.
Eucalyptol is a colourless natural organic compound and is an ingredient in many brands of mouthwash and cough suppressant.

Eucalyptol is often taken to control mucus hyper secretion and asthma.
Eucalyptol has the power to kill leukaemia cells in vitro and can reduce inflammation when applied externally.
Eucalyptol is used for effective treatment of non-purulent sinusitis and widely used world over.

For Aromatherapy:
Eucalyptol is used in aromatherapy with a combination of eucalyptus oil, lavender, marjoram, rosemary and peppermint oils to reduce pain and depression in people with arthritis.
Chewing gum with eucalyptol present in Eucalyptol can reduce dental plaque in some people.

Eucalyptol is widely used from ancient times for stuffy nose, wounds, ulcers, burns, bleeding gums, acne, bladder diseases, fever, flu, and many more.
Eucalyptol is present in large amounts in a variety of plants used in the manufacture of cosmetics and similar products.

Eucalyptol can enhance blood circulation in human body and Eucalyptol produces cytokines and prostaglandins by stimulated monocytes in vitro.
Higher dose of Eucalyptol by inhalation through nose may result in irritation, nausea and vomiting.

List of plants that contain Eucalyptol:
Aframomum corrorima
Artemisia tridentata
Cannabis
Cinnamomum camphora, camphor laurel (50%)
Eucalyptus cneorifolia
Eucalyptus dives
Eucalyptus dumosa
Eucalyptus globulus
Eucalyptus goniocalyx
Eucalyptus horistes
Eucalyptus kochii
Eucalyptus leucoxylon
Eucalyptus largiflorens
Eucalyptus oleosa
Eucalyptus polybractea
Eucalyptus radiata
Eucalyptus rossii
Eucalyptus salmonophloia
Eucalyptus sideroxylon
Eucalyptus smithii
Eucalyptus staigeriana
Eucalyptus tereticornis
Eucalyptus viridis
Eucalyptus wandoo
Hedychium coronarium, butterfly lily
Helichrysum gymnocephalum
Kaempferia galanga, galangal, (5.7%)
Laurus nobilis, bay laurel, (45%)
Melaleuca alternifolia, tea tree, (0–15%)
Salvia lavandulifolia, Spanish sage (13%)
Turnera diffusa, damiana
Umbellularia californica, pepperwood (22.0%)
Zingiber officinale, ginger

Manufacturing Methods of Eucalyptol:
Eucalyptol is obtained from essential oils containing high levels of eucalyptol, such as Eucalyptus globulus (about 60%), by fractional distillation (170-180 °C) followed by separation of the product by solidification of the distillate.

By fractionally distilling eucalyptus oil followed by freezing.
The oil is imported from Spain, Portugal, and Austria.

1,8-Cineole is extracted exclusively from eucalyptus oils with a high 1,8-cineole content.
Various processes are used to separate Eucalyptol from the other terpenes, for example, treatment with H2SO4 in the cold, distillation in the presence of phenols, such as cresols or resorcinol, which form loose addition compounds, or by addition to beta-naphthol.

1,8-Cineole can also be enriched by rectification.
The yield is increased by gasification in the presence of a chromium-nickel catalyst.

Technical-grade 1,8-cineole with a purity of 99.6 - 99.8% is produced in Spain in large quantities by fractional distillation of Eucalyptus globulus Labill.
A product essentially free from other products can be obtained by crystallization of cineole-rich eucalyptus oil fractions.

General Manufacturing Information of Eucalyptol:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing

1,8-cineole is produced only from natural sources as these are sufficiently inexpensive to make synthesis uneconomic.
Originally, Eucalyptol was produced from Cajeput oil, but the discovery of Eucalyptus globulus, the oil of which contains up to 95% 1,8-cineole, in 1788 led to the first commercial production from that source in 1854 in Australia, and then to Eucalyptols taking over as the dominant source.
Much of the oil is used per se and only about one-quarter of Eucalyptol is distilled to produce pure cineole.

The chief constituent of oil of eucalyptus; also found in essential oils of laurel, rosemary, and many other aromatic plants.

Handling and Storage of Eucalyptol:

Nonfire Spill Response:

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.
Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.

Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.
Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures and away from mineral acids and bases.

Storage Conditions:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Recommended storage temperature -20 °C.

First Aid Measures of Eucalyptol:

EYES:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.

Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area.
Take deep breaths of fresh air.

If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.

Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used.
If not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.

Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

Precautions when using Eucalyptol:
If the cough does not improve after being treated with the usual dose, do not increase the dose on your own.
Do not apply to eyes or open wounds.

Use with caution in patients with asthma and respiratory failure.

Ointment form:
Discontinue use as soon as burns or blisters appear.
Keep the medicine out of reach of children Never use the medicine after the expiry date or discolouration.

Caution should be exercised when administering the drug to women during pregnancy or lactation.
For medicines or supplements containing Eucalyptol, if you miss a dose, try to take Eucalyptol again as soon as possible.

However, if Eucalyptol is almost time for your next dose, take your next dose as usual.
Absolutely do not arbitrarily double the dose as directed.

With the diverse effects of the drug Eucalyptol, when using Eucalyptol, you need to be very careful to use Eucalyptol correctly to avoid possible unwanted side effects.
Please consult with your doctor to get the dose and method of use that is best for your condition.

Fire Fighting of Eucalyptol:
Fires involving this compound should be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam or Halon extinguisher.

Fire Fighting Procedures of Eucalyptol:
Advice for firefighters; Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Isolation and Evacuation of Eucalyptol:
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL:
Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Cleanup Methods of Eucalyptol:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.

Remove all sources of ignition.
Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations.

Vapors can accumulate in low areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Disposal Methods of Eucalyptol:
Recycle any unused portion of the material for Eucalyptol approved use or return Eucalyptol to the manufacturer or supplier.

Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider:
The material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
If Eucalyptol is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Preventive Measures of Eucalyptol:

Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Identifiers of Eucalyptol:
CAS Number: 470-82-6
Beilstein Reference: 105109 5239941
ChEBI: CHEBI:27961
ChEMBL: ChEMBL485259
ChemSpider: 2656
DrugBank: DB03852
ECHA InfoCard: 100.006.757
EC Number: 207-431-5
Gmelin Reference: 131076
IUPHAR/BPS: 2464
KEGG: D04115
PubChem CID: 2758
UNII: RV6J6604TK
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID4020616
InChI:
InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)8-4-6-10(3,11-9)7-5-8/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3
Key: WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C10H18O/c1-9(2)8-4-6-10(3,11-9)7-5-8/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3
Key: WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES: O2C1(CCC(CC1)C2(C)C)C

CAS Number: 470-82-6
Chem/IUPAC Name: 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; 1,8-Cineole
EINECS/ELINCS No: 207-431-5
COSING REF No: 33902

Formal Name: 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
CAS Number: 470-82-6
Synonyms: NSC 6171
Molecular Formula: C10H18O
Formula Weight: 154.3
Purity: ≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change): A neat oil
Solubility (Learn about Variance in Solubility):
DMF: 20 mg/ml
DMSO: 20 mg/ml
DMSO:PBS(pH 7.2) (1:4): 0.2 mg/ml
Ethanol: 20 mg/ml
SMILES: CC12CCC(CC2)C(C)(C)O1
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)8-4-6-10(3,11-9)7-5-8/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3
InChi Key: WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Synonym(s): 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, 1,8-Cineole, 1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C10H18O
CAS Number: 470-82-6
Molecular Weight: 154.25
Beilstein: 105109
EC Number: 207-431-5
MDL number: MFCD00167977
PubChem Substance ID: 24893017
NACRES: NA.22

Properties of Eucalyptol:
Chemical formula: C10H18O
Molar mass: 154.249 g/mol
Density: 0.9225 g/cm3
Melting point: 2.9 °C (37.2 °F; 276.0 K)
Boiling point: 176–177 °C (349–351 °F; 449–450 K)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −116.3×10−6 cm3/mol

Quality Level: 200
Assay: 99%
Form: liquid
Refractive index: n20/D 1.457 (lit.)
bp: 176-177 °C (lit.)
mp: 1-2 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.921 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Greener alternative category: Aligned
SMILES string: C[C@]12CC[C@H](CC1)C(C)(C)O2
InChI: 1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)8-4-6-10(3,11-9)7-5-8/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3/t8-,10+
InChI key: WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N

Name: Eucalyptol
Chemical Name: 1,8-Cineol
Chemical Formula: C10H18O
Appearance: Liquid with A Characteristic
Molecular Weight:
Odour: Light Camphor like odour
Specific gravity: 0.921 to 0.925 at 250C
GLC Purity: Approx 99%
Refractive Index: 1.455 to 1.460 at 200C
Colour: colourless to pale yellow

Molecular Weight: 154.25
XLogP3: 2.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 154.135765193
Monoisotopic Mass: 154.135765193
Topological Polar Surface Area: 9.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 11
Complexity: 164
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Eucalyptol:
Appearance: Colorless to yellowish oily transparent liquid
Odor: Having characteristic odor of camphor, with an intense pungent cool taste
Relative Density (25/25°C): 0.9210 ~ 0.9300
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.4540 ~ 1.4610

Names of Eucalyptol:

IUPAC name:
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane

Other names:
1,8-Cineole
1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane
cajeputol
1,8-epoxy-p-menthane, 1,8-oxido-p-menthane
eucalyptole
1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
cineol
cineole.

Synonyms of Eucalyptol:
Eucalyptol
cineole
1,8-Cineole
470-82-6
1,8-Cineol
Cajeputol
1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane
Eucalyptole
Eucapur
Zineol
Terpan
p-Cineole
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
Eukalyptol
1,8-Oxido-p-menthane
CINEOL
Cucalyptol
Soledum
p-Menthane, 1,8-epoxy-
Eukalyptol [Czech]
Eucalyptol (natural)
FEMA No. 2465
2-Oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-
8000-48-4
Cineole (VAN)
NCI-C56575
2-Oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-
Eucaly
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane
2-Oxa-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.2)octane
NSC 6171
NSC-6171
NSC6171
2,2,4-trimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
2-Oxa-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane
RV6J6604TK
CNL
4,7,7-trimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
CHEBI:27961
Eucalyptol [USAN]
NCGC00091666-01
NCGC00091666-04
(1s,4s)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
Eucalyptol 1000 microg/mL in Methanol
UNII-RV6J6604TK
CAS-470-82-6
SMR000471853
CCRIS 3727
HSDB 991
Eucalyptol [USAN:USP]
EINECS 207-431-5
MFCD00167977
Terpane
Cyneol
BIDD:ER0481
AI3-00578
Eucalyptol,(S)
Eucalyptol (USP)
1.8-cineole
Eucalyptol, 99%
Eucalyptol, Ph Helv
p-Menthane,8-epoxy-
EUCALYPTOL [II]
EUCALYPTOL [MI]
WLN: T66 A B AOTJ B1 B1 F1
CINEOLE [INCI]
EUCALYPTOL [FCC]
1,8-Cineol-[d3]
CINEOLE [MART.]
Spectrum2_000221
Spectrum3_000683
Spectrum4_001747
Spectrum5_000704
EUCALYPTOL [FHFI]
EUCALYPTOL [HPUS]
EUCALYPTOL [HSDB]
EUCALYPTOL [INCI]
CINEOLE [WHO-DD]
EUCALYPTOL [VANDF]
bmse000523
EC 207-431-5
EUCALYPTOL [USP-RS]
SCHEMBL19622
SCHEMBL41020
BSPBio_002405
KBioGR_002194
MLS001050089
MLS001066338
DivK1c_000333
SPECTRUM1500294
SPBio_000261
CINEOLE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Eucalyptol, analytical standard
CHEMBL485259
GTPL2464
CHEMBL1231862
CHEMBL1397305
DTXSID4020616
SCHEMBL13554591
SCHEMBL17836873
HMS501A15
KBio1_000333
KBio3_001625
EUCALYPTOL [USP IMPURITY]
NINDS_000333
EUCALYPTOL [USP MONOGRAPH]
HMS2271P04
Pharmakon1600-01500294
ZINC967566
HY-N0066
Tox21_111161
Tox21_202090
Tox21_302902
BDBM50459887
CCG-36080
NSC760388
AKOS015903223
AKOS016034339
AKOS037514637
Tox21_111161_1
CCG-266254
CS-8146
DB03852
LMPR0102090019
NSC-760388
IDI1_000333
Eucalyptol, tested according to Ph.Eur.
NCGC00091666-02
NCGC00091666-03
NCGC00091666-05
NCGC00095774-01
NCGC00178671-01
NCGC00256479-01
NCGC00259639-01
AC-20234
Eucalyptol, natural, >=99%, FCC, FG
LS-13868
NCI60_005108
1,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
2-Oxa-1,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane
DB-070775
2-Oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane,3,3-trimethyl-
FT-0607033
FT-0626369
1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2,2,2]octane
A15662
C09844
D04115
AB01563262_01
Q161572
SR-01000763816
SR-01000763816-2
W-106080
1,8-Cineole, primary pharmaceutical reference standard
Cineole, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Eucalyptol, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
F0001-1260
Eucalyptol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Eucalyptol (cineole), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
(±)-Eucalyptol
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,3,3-Triméthyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,8-Cineol
1,8-cineole
207-431-5 [EINECS]
2-Oxa-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo(2.2.2)octane
2-Oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, 1,3,3-trimethyl- [ACD/Index Name]
470-82-6 [RN]
Eucalyptol [USAN]
Eucalyptole
Eukalyptol [Czech]
Eukalyptol [Czech]
p-Cineole
p-Menthane, 1,8-epoxy-
1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2,2,2]octane
1,8-epoxy-p-menthane
1,8-oxido-p-menthane
105109
1216822-66-0 [RN]
2,2,4-trimethyl-3-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
2-Oxa-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane
2-Oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-
4,7,7-trimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
cajeputol
Cineole
CNL
Eucapur
Eukalyptol
Limonene oxide
MFCD00167977 [MDL number]
T66 A B AOTJ B1 B1 F1 [WLN]
Terpan
Zineol

MeSH Entry Terms of Eucalyptol:
1,8 Cineol
1,8 Cineole
1,8 Epoxy p menthane
1,8-cineol
1,8-cineole
1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane
cineole
eucalyptol
Soledum

EUGENYL ACETATE, N° CAS : 93-28-7. Nom INCI : EUGENYL ACETATE. Nom chimique : Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-, acetate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-235-6. Ses fonctions (INCI), Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit

EXOLIT AP 422; METATAGS; Exolit® AP 422; Ammonium Polyphosphate; ammonium polyphosphate, CAS: 68333-79-9.

In unopened original containers and at temperatures below 30° C EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK can be stored for at least 6 months. The product does not contain any preservatives. During longer storage periods, slight separations might occur which, if necessary, can be eliminated by stirring without changing the pearlescent quality in the final product. Preferably, the content of the complete packaging should be processed. During storage in metal containers EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK can react corrosively. Therefore storage tanks made of the steel quality material no. 1.4539 or better and plastic (GFK) are suitable for storing EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK. The V4A steels (material no. 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571) can not be recommended. EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK should preferably be processed at temperatures between 15° C and 35° C. At temperatures outside the given range the pumpability may be restricted due to an increase in the viscosity. This property is characteristic of the product and reversible by heating at 20 - 25° C with stirring.During longer storage periods, slight separations might occur which, if necessary, can be eliminated by stirringwithout changing the pearlescent quality in the final product. Euperlan PK 3000 OK is a pearl shine concentrate. It is a pumpable dispersion of pearlizing agents and amphoteric surfactant. It is used in surfactant preparations. EUPERLAN PK 3000 OK finds application in baby care & cleansing, face cleansing, liquid soaps, shampoos and shower/bath products.Glycol Distearate (and) Glycerin (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine. EUPERLAN PK 3000 OK is a pearl shine concentrate. It is a pumpable dispersion of pearlizing agents and amphoteric surfactant. It is used in surfactant preparations. EUPERLAN PK 3000 OK finds application in baby care & cleansing, face cleansing, liquid soaps, shampoos and shower/bath products.Glycol Distearate (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine. EUPERLAN® PK 3000 AM is a pearl shine concentrate. It is used in very dense and brilliant surfactant preparations. EUPERLAN PK 3000 OK finds application in baby care & cleansing, face cleansing, liquid soaps, shampoos and shower/bath products. The shelf life of this ingredient is one year.INCI: Glycol Distearate (and) Glycerin (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine.In unopened original containers and at temperatures below 30° C EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK can be stored for at least 6 months. The product does not contain any preservatives. During longer storage periods, slight separations might occur which, if necessary, can be eliminated by stirring without changing the pearlescent quality in the final product. Preferably, the content of the complete packaging should be processed. During storage in metal containers EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK can react corrosively. Therefore storage tanks made of the steel quality material no. 1.4539 or better and plastic (GFK) are suitable for storing EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK. The V4A steels (material no. 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571) can not be recommended. EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK should preferably be processed at temperatures between 15° C and 35° C. At temperatures outside the given range the pumpability may be restricted due to an increase in the viscosity. This property is characteristic of the product and reversible by heating at 20 - 25° C with stirring.During longer storage periods, slight separations might occur which, if necessary, can be eliminated by stirringwithout changing the pearlescent quality in the final product. Applications Skin Care Cleanser Hair care Shampoo and Conditioner Bath and Body Face Care EUPERLAN PK 3000 OK Glycol Distearate (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine|Glycol Distearate (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine Chemical Function: Pearlescent Product Applications: Baby Care, Bath & Shower, Dishwashing, Face Care, Hair Cleansing, Hard Surface Cleaner, Industrial Green Criteria: From renewable resources Appearance EUPERLAN® PK 3000 OK is a cold processable, pumpable pearlshine concentrate with a typical faint odour. Example of use The product is suited for the preparation of very dense and brilliant surfactant preparations. pH value (10 % sol.) 3.0 - 3.5 DGF H-III 1 Sodium chloride max. 1.3 % DGF H-III 9 Density (20° C) min. 0.95 g/cm3 DIN 51757/method D Viscosity (20° C) 4000 - 10000 mPas ASTM D 2196-86* Glycol Distearate (and) Glycerin (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine EUPERLAN ® PK 3000 OK Glycol Distearate (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine Product Categories: Pearlescent Product Applications: Baby Care, Bath & Shower, Dishwashing, Face Care, Hair Cleansing, Hand Cleansing, Hard Surface Cleaner, HI&I, Industrial, Liquid Soap, Skin Care, Skin Cleansing Green Criteria: From renewable resources , RSPO Green Certifications: RSPO INCI: Glycol Distearate (and) Glycerin (and) Laureth-4 (and) Cocamidopropyl Betaine

EUPERLAN PK 771 = GLYCOL DISTEARATE (and) SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE (and) COCAMIDE MEA (and) LAURETH-10


Cas Number: 68585-34-2,627-83-8,68140-00-1,68213-23-0


Euperlan PK 771 is a pearlizing agent especially suitable for surfactant preparations.
Euperlan PK 771 is a dispersion of pearlizing agents and a fatty alcohol ether sulfate.
Euperlan PK 771 is miscible with all anionic surfactants and most detergent raw materials.
Euperlan PK 771 is a pearlescent agent and refatting compound.
Euperlan PK 771 is suitable for the production of emulsion type cosmetic preparations such as shampoos and bubble baths creams.


Euperlan PK 771 is a dispersion of pearlizing agents and a fatty alcohol ether sulfate.
Euperlan PK 771 is miscible with all anionic surfactants and most detergent raw materials.
Euperlan PK 771 is suitable for the production of emulsion type cosmetic preparations having a pearly gloss, such as shampoos and bubble baths.
Euperlan PK 771 is miscible with all anionic surfactants and most detergent raw materials.
Recommended use levels of Euperlan PK 771 are 3-10%.


Euperlan PK 771's particular advantage lies in the field of cold processing.
When processing, all components are mixed together and stirred to form a homogenous mixture without the need for heat.
The stability of the pearly gloss also depends on a sufficient viscosity of the end product.
If necessary, the viscosity can be adjusted with alkanolamide or sodium chloride.
Euperlan PK 771 is suitable for the production of emulsion type cosmetic preparations having a pearly gloss, e.g. shampoos and bubble baths.


Due to Euperlan PK 771's large fraction of brightening substances, Euperlan PK 771 is particularly suitable for bubble bath creams as both a pearlescent agent and refatting component.
The pearly gloss of such preparations is largely maintained even when heated.
Euperlan PK 771 can be stored for at least 1 year in original sealed containers at temperatures below 30°C.
Euperlan PK 771 protects from freezing.


Euperlan PK 771 is a cold-processable, pasty pearl shine concentrate with a typical faint odor.
Euperlan PK 771 is a cold-processable, pearl shine concentrate.
The shelf life of Euperlan PK 771 is one year.
Euperlan PK 771 is a cold-processable, pasty pearl shine concentrate with a typical faint odor.
Euperlan PK 771 is suitable for dense and particularly brilliant surfactant preparations with a silky shine.


Euperlan PK 771 is a cold-processable, pasty, dispersion of pearlizing agents that is used for dense and particularly brilliant surfactant preparations with a silky shine.
Euperlan PK 771 contains fatty alcohol ether sulfate and has a typical faint odor.
Euperlan PK 771 has a dry residue amount of 44-48%, an anionic surfactant (MW 382) of 19-22%, and a pH value (10%) of 3.0-4.0.
Euperlan PK 771 is a cold-processable, pumpable pearlescent concentrate with a typical faint odor.



USES and APPLICATIONS of EUPERLAN PK 771:
Euperlan PK 771 is suited for the production of very dense, fine-structured shining surfactant preparations.
Euperlan PK 771 is a pearlizing agent especially suitable for surfactant preparations.
Euperlan PK 771 is Dispersion of pearlizing agents and fatty alcohol ether sulfate.
Euperlan PK 771 especially suitable for surfactant preparations.
Euperlan PK 771 is Pearlizing agent composed of a dispersion of pearl luster donors in anionic surfactant.


Provides intense pearly shine, Euperlan PK 771 is cold processable and aids viscosity and foaming.
Used as Opacifier & Pearlizer Compound, Cold Process
Miscible With All Anionic Surfactants, Euperlan PK 771 Is Suitable For Producing Pearlescent Emulsion-Type Cosmetic Preparations.
Euperlan PK 771 can be used to obtain a large variety of appearances in surfactant preparation.
Designing unique combinations is the basis for creating optimal visual effects in laundry detergents, hard surface cleaners.
Used As a pigmentation agent for shampoos, liquid soaps or other detergents, Pearlant/Pearling Agent


Euperlan PK 771 can be used in cold process.
Euperlan PK 771 is used in personal care products to create a pearly white appearance.
Used in Bath & Shower, Hair Cleansing, Hand Cleansing, Liquid Soap, Skin Care, Skin Cleansing
Euperlan PK 771 finds application in baby care & cleansing, liquid soaps, shampoos, face cleansing and shower/bath products.
Euperlan PK 771 is suitable for dense and particularly brilliant surfactant preparations with a silky shine.


Used in Bath & Shower, Hand Cleansing, Skin Cleansing, Bath & Shower, Hair Cleansing, Hand Cleansing, Liquid Soap, Skin Care, Skin Cleansing.
Used in Skin Care, Cleanser, Mother and baby, Hair care, Shampoo and Conditioner, Bath and Body, Face Care, Pet Care, Pet Care TSCA, Pet Care DSL
Euperlan PK 771 is suitable for the production of emulsion type cosmetic preparations having a pearly gloss, such as shampoos and bubble baths.
Due to Euperlan PK 771's large fraction of brightening substances, Euperlan PK 771 is particularly suitable for bubble bath creams as both a pearlescent agent and refatting component.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of EUPERLAN PK 771:
Appearance: conforms to standard
pH, 10% Solution: 6.5
Solid content, % wt.: 45.0
Sodium Chloride, % wt.: 1.50 max.
Sodium Sulfate, % wt.: 1.00 max.
Kathon CG, % wt.: 0.05 - 0.06
Anionic surfactant: 19.0 - 22.0 %
Sodium chloride max.: 2.0 %
1,4-Dioxane max.: 5 ppm
Non-volatile components: 44.0 - 48.0 %
pH value (10 %): 3.0 - 4.0

Appearance: Pasty pearl shine concentrate
Odor: Distinctive odor
Avtive ingredient: 20.5%
Density 25C: 1.035 g/cm3
Dry residue: 48%
pH: 7.0
Sodium Chloride: 1.4%
Sodium Sulfate: 0.3%
Form: highly viscous

Odour: slight odour
Odour threshold: not applicable
Colour: whitepearlescent
pH value: 3.0 -4.0( 20 °C)
Melting temperature: not determined
boiling temperature: > 100 °C
Flash point: > 101 °C
Flammability: not flammable
Flammability of Aerosol Products: not applicable, the product does not form flammable aerosoles
Lower explosion limit: For liquids not relevant for classification and labelling.
Upper explosion limit: For liquids not relevant for classification and labelling.

Autoignition: not determined
Vapour pressure: not determined
Density: 0.95 -1.04 g/cm3( 20 °C)
Vapour density: not applicable
Partitioning coefficient n-octanol/water (log Pow): not determined
Self-ignition temperature: not determined
Thermal decomposition: No decomposition if stored and handled as prescribed/indicated.
Viscosity, dynamic: 4,500 -15,000 mPa*s( 20.0 °C)
Viscosity, kinematic: not determined
Solubility in water: dispersible
Solubility (qualitative):dispersiblesolvent(s): distilled water,



FIRST AID MEASURES of EUPERLAN PK 771:
-If inhaled:
Not relevant.
-If on skin:
Wash affected areas thoroughly with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing.
-If in eyes:
Rinse immediately with plenty of running water (for 10 minutes), seek medical attention from a specialist.
-If swallowed:
If swallowed, give at least 3-4 glasses of water.



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of EUPERLAN PK 771:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective clothing.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not discharge into drains/surface waters/groundwater.
-Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:
*For small amounts:
Pick up with suitable absorbent material.
*For large amounts:
Dike spillage.
Pump off product.
Dispose of absorbed material in accordance with regulations.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of EUPERLAN PK 771:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
water spray, carbon dioxide, dry powder, foam
-Further information:
Dispose of fire debris and contaminated extinguishing water in accordance with official regulations.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of EUPERLAN PK 771:
No occupational exposure limits known.
-Advice on system design:
No special precautions necessary.
-Personal protective equipment:
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
*Hand protection:
Suitable are protective gloves.
*Eye protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*General safety and hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
No eating, drinking, smoking or tobacco use at the place of work.
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.



HANDLING and STORAGE of EUPERLAN PK 771:
-Precautions for safe handling:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Suitable materials for containers:
High density polyethylene (HDPE)Further information on storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed and dry; store in a cool place.
Below temperature limit the product properties will change.
The property change is reversible by stirring and heating.
Above temperature limit the product properties change.
A reduction of the active matter is possible.
Store protected against freezing.
*Storage stability:
Storage temperature: <= 30 °C
Protect from temperatures below:15 °C
Characteristics of the product are reversibly changed when falling below the limit temperature.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of EUPERLAN PK 771:
-Reactivity:
No hazardous reactions if stored and handled as prescribed/indicated.
-Chemical stability:
The product is stable if stored and handled as prescribed/indicated.



SYNONYMS:
Glycol Distearate (and) Sodium Laureth Sulfate (and) Cocamide MEA (and) Laureth-10

Eureco HC P11 is a powdered inclusion complex of pharma-grade beta-cyclodextrin and PAP (6-phthalimido-peroxy-hexanoic acid).
Eureco HC P11 is a white stable peracid exploiting whitening and disinfecting performance in mild conditions.
The available active oxygen of PAP makes Eureco HC P11 the ideal ingredient for cosmetic preparations and toothpastes.

CAS: 128275-31-0
MF: C14H15NO5
MW: 277.27
EINECS: 410-850-8

Eureco HC P11 is a synthetic organic peroxy acid derived from caprolactam and phthalic anhydride.
Eureco HC P11 is mainly used as a preformed bleaching agent, alternatively to or together with hydrogen peroxide, in moderate laundry conditions of pH and temperature.
Eureco HC P11 is also used as a tooth whitening agent.
Eureco HC P11 is a white odorless crystalline powder at room temperature.
Eureco HC P11 is slightly soluble in water and a strong oxidizer.

Eureco HC P11 is an organic compound that has been extensively used in scientific research.
Eureco HC P11 is a peroxycarboxylic acid derivative that has been synthesized by the reaction of phthalimide with peroxycaproic acid.
Eureco HC P11 is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and organic solvents.
Eureco HC P11 has been used in various fields of scientific research, including biochemistry, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry.

Synthesis Method
Eureco HC P11 is synthesized by the reaction of phthalimide with peroxycaproic acid.
This reaction is carried out under mild reaction conditions and involves the use of a catalyst.
The reaction proceeds through the formation of an intermediate, which is then converted into Eureco HC P11.
The synthesis of Eureco HC P11 is a well-established method and has been extensively used in scientific research.

Synonyms
PHTHALIMIDOPEROXYCAPROIC ACID
128275-31-0
Eureco HC
6-Phthalimidohexaneperoxoic acid
2H-Isoindole-2-hexaneperoxoic acid, 1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-
5-(Phthalimido)percaproic acid
UNII-5OEJ6FAL6C
5OEJ6FAL6C
6-(Phthalimidoperoxy)hexanoic acid
6-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)hexaneperoxoic Acid
6-(phthalimido)peroxyhexanoic acid
epsilon-(Phthalimidoperoxy)hexanoic acid
EC 410-850-8
SCHEMBL21636
6-Phthalimidylhexaneperoxoic acid
DTXSID60155848
PAP (Phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid)
PHTHALIMIDOPEROXYCAPROIC ACID [INCI]
.EPSILON.-(PHTHALIMIDOPEROXY)HEXANOIC ACID
Q27262643

Euterpe cuatrecasana Dugand; Euterpe brasiliana Oken; Euterpe beardii L.H.Bailey; Euterpe badiocarpa Barb.Rodr.; Catis martiana O.F.Cook; Acai Oil.Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Oil is the oil expressed from the fruit of the Cabbage Palm, Euterpe oleracea, Arecaceae; acai berry extract CAS NO:879496-95-4

SYNONYMS Oenothera biennis CAS NO:90028-66-3

Aceite de Onagra, Acide Cis-linoléique, Cis-Linoleic Acid, EPO, Evening Primrose, Evening Primrose Seed Oil, Fever Plant, Herbe-aux-ânes, Huile de Graines d’Onagre, Huile D'Onagre, Huile de Primerose, Huile de Primevère Vespérale, Jambon de Jardinier, Jambon du Paysan, King's Cureall, Mâche Rouge, Night Willow-Herb, Oenothera biennis, Oenothera muricata, Oenothera purpurata, Oenothera rubricaulis, Oenothera suaveolens, Œnothère, Oil of Evening Primrose, Onagra biennis, Onagraire, Onagre Bisannuelle, Onagre Commune, Primevère du Soir, Primrose, Primrose Oil; Çuha Çiçeği Yağı cas no: 90028-66-3

EXPANCEL 920 DU 120 Expancel 920 DU 120 Technical Datasheet Expancel 920 DU 120 is a powerful dry, unexpanded microsphere. It expands with heat and is preferably used in systems where no water can be added. It offers high shear forces, resistance to solvent chemicals and pressure during processing. It is possible to expand to extremely low densities. It is recommended for controlled and uniform cell structure in underbody coatings. Expancel 920 DU 120 has a shelf life of 2 years. Product Type Fillers / Fibers > Microspheres Product Status COMMERCIAL Applications/ Recommended for Coatings Coatings Markets > Automotive OEM > Underbody Polymer Dry unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres. Product name Expancel 920 DU 120 Brand Expancel Chemical family Polymer Chemical name Preparation/Chemical mixture Market Segments Polymer processing Functions Blowing Agent Applications Shoe soles Paints, coatings and inks Functions Blowing Agent Applications Underbody coatings expancel 920 DU 120: Particle Size of Expancel 920 DU 120 µm D(0.5) : 28 - 38 Tstart of Expancel 920 DU 120 (oC) : 122 - 132 Tmax of Expancel 920 DU 120(oC): 194 - 206 Density of Expancel 920 DU 120 kg/m3: < 14 Solvent Resistance of Expancel 920 DU 120: 5 Possible to expand to extremely low densities. Our powerful dry, unexpanded microspheres add countless advantages to your production process and its outcome. Not only will Expancel DU let you achieve desired surface aesthetics in artificial leather and wallpaper, it'll also help your produce plastics that are light and smooth. On top of that Expancel DU can stand high shear forces and pressure during processing. The microspheres in Expancel DU expand with heat and are preferably used in systems where no water can be added. Expandable at temperatures between 80°C - 235°C (176°F - 455°F), our microspheres will unleash a range of essential benefits for product developers in different industries. Expancel DU is bursting with benefits Saves costs and improves bulk and thickness in technical textiles and nonwoven composites Controlled and uniform cell structure in underbody coatings and sealants Low weight, dry surface and cost savings in silicone rubber A look of suede or nubuck in artificial leather Expancel 920 DET is produced in the UK by Boud Minerals to different densities; including some tailored to a customer’s specific application and some not available before. Expancel 920 DET is used in processes where no, or insufficient, heat for expansion is generated during production. Expancel 920 DET 40 is recommended as a general grade, when higher chemical and temperature resistance is needed and small particle size for good surface properties (smoothness) is important. Expancel 920 DET 80 is recommended when very good chemical, mechanical and temperature resistance is needed and particle size is less important. Expancel 461 DET Dry, expanded thermoplastic microspheres Expancel 461 DET is produced in the UK by Boud Minerals to different densities; including some not available before. Expancel 461 DET is used in processes where no, or insufficient, heat for expansion is generated during production. Expancel 461 DET is recommended as a general purpose grade, when chemical and temperature resistance is not critical to the performance of your product. Expancel DE Dry, expanded thermoplastic microspheres Expancel DU Dry, unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres Expancel MB Masterbatch with unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres Expancel SL Unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres in aqueous dispersion Expancel WE Wet expanded thermoplastic microspheres Expancel WU Wet unexpanded thermoplastic microspheres

MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED EXTRACT N° CAS : 129811-19-4 / 128497-20-1 - Extrait de noix de Macadamia Origine(s) : Végétale Nom INCI : MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED EXTRACT N° EINECS/ELINCS : - / - Ses fonctions (INCI) Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

PROPOLIS EXTRACT, N° CAS : 85665-41-4 - Extrait de propolis, Origine(s) : Animale. Nom INCI : PROPOLIS EXTRACT, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 288-130-6. Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS), Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

ROSE EXTRACT, N° CAS : 84696-47-9 - Extrait de Rose. Origine(s) : Végétale, Nom INCI : ROSE EXTRACT, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 283-652-0. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

Nom INCI : HYDROLYZED LINSEED EXTRACT Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état

FARNESOL, N° CAS : 4602-84-0 - Farnésol Origine(s) : Naturelle, Synthétique Nom INCI : FARNESOL Nom chimique : 2,6,10-Dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl- N° EINECS/ELINCS : 225-004-1, Ses fonctions (INCI) Déodorant : Réduit ou masque les odeurs corporelles désagréables Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

Extrapone Silk GW N acts as anti-aging agent and antioxidant.
Extrapone Silk GW N is a natural product obtained from hydrolyzed silk.
Possesses anti-irritant, antimicrobial, skin lightening, moisturizing, protective and smoothing properties.

CAS: 96690-41-4
EINECS: 306-235-8

Extrapone Silk GW N is used in skin & hair care formulations, surfactant water-based products, emulsions and aqueous-alcoholic products.
Extrapone Silk GW N, also known as sericin, is a natural water-soluble glycoprotein extracted from raw silk.
Extrapone Silk GW N is used as a luxurious active ingredient in skin and hair care products due to its high serine content, which has excellent moisture retention properties.
In lotions, soaps, hair and skin care products, Extrapone Silk GW N conjures up a protective barrier on skin and hair and gives it a wonderfully silky feel.
Extrapone Silk GW N contains a silk protein hydrolyzate made in water and glycerin.
Pale yellow powder, soluble in water; hydrolyzed silk refers to the degradation of silk fibroin protein to form a water-soluble polypeptide substance, containing 18 kinds of amino acids, and the molecular weight is generally between 500-10000.

Extrapone Silk GW N is a widely used ingredient in the hair care segment.
Extrapone Silk GW N is a kind of a protein that provides the required amino acids to hair shafts in order to make them stronger and shinier.
Extrapone Silk GW N is also used in skincare because it protects the surface against harmful environmental factors and is hydrating.
Extrapone Silk GW N is commonly found in products like shampoos, conditioners and lotions.
Extrapone Silk GW N is quite similar to the proteins that are naturally present in the skin and hair.
Hence, Extrapone Silk GW N works wonders in replenishing any lost protein that causes dryness and damage.

Extrapone Silk GW N is a natural ingredient that is derived from the leftover cocoons made by silkworms.
The purest form of Extrapone Silk GW N is extracted from this byproduct and is then cleansed, degummed and combed.
After a controlled hydrolysis procedure, Extrapone Silk GW N protein is obtained.
In its raw form, Extrapone Silk GW N appears as an amber colored liquid and has a characteristic mild odor.

Extrapone Silk GW N is a safe ingredient and is essential for the good health of skin and hair.
Extrapone Silk GW N is not vegan as it is derived from an animal by-product.
However, Extrapone Silk GW N is considered cruelty free as it is derived from the cocoons that have already been departed by the silkworms.
Additionally, limited data shows no risk of use of Extrapone Silk GW N during pregnancy.

Extrapone Silk GW N Chemical Properties
Density: 0.622[at 20℃]
Odor: at 100.00?%. bland
Water Solubility: 462g/L at 30℃
LogP: -2.526 at 25℃
EPA Substance Registry System: Extrapone Silk GW N (96690-41-4)

Extrapone Silk GW N is a light yellow clear liquid with a slight fragrance, no odor.
The main components are amino acids and low peptides.
Good compatibility with water, 40% alcohol, PVA, Anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants.
Extrapone Silk GW N can be absorbed by human skin.
Can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, thereby inhibiting tyrosine synthesis of melanin.

Extrapone Silk GW N obtained by acidic, alkaline, or enzymatic hydrolysis of Bombyx mori cocoon composed primarily of amino acids, peptides, and proteins.
Extrapone Silk GW N may contain impurities consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and lipids along with smaller quantities of miscellaneous substances of biological origin.
composed primarily of amino acids, peptides, and proteins.
Extrapone Silk GW N may contain impurities consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and lipids along with smaller quantities of miscellaneous substances of biological origin.

Use
Extrapone Silk GW N can be used in skin care products, with moisturizing, whitening, improve the function of skin perception. Used in hair products, with hair care, increase the role of elasticity and softness.
Extrapone Silk GW N is extremely similar to the proteins found in our own bodies.
Extrapone Silk GW N is thus an excellent external source of protein that positively impacts skin and hair.

Hair care: Extrapone Silk GW N aids in smoothness and silkiness.
Due to lack of nutrition or chemical treatments, the hair shafts lose their protein and become dry, dull and damaged.
Extrapone Silk GW N makes up for this loss of nutrition

Skin care: Extrapone Silk GW N acts as a humectant that pulls water to the outer layers of the skin and locks it.
This results in a soft, supple and plump surface.
Extrapone Silk GW N also forms a barrier on the skin to protect it against the harmful stressors of the environment.
Extrapone Silk GW N is a good conditioning agent that makes cosmetic products more effective and prevents them from drying out the the surface that it is applied on.
Extrapone Silk GW N gives a smooth texture to the products and a radiant glow to the skin

Synonyms:
silk hydrolysates
Protein hydrolyzates, silk
Silkhydrolyzed
Proteinhydrolysate, Seide-
Silk, hydrolyzates
Silk,hydrolyzates
cdFDGFR
Silk fibroin peptide
SILK
Silk peptide
Hydrolyzed silk
Silk, hydrolyzed
Protein hydrolyzates, silk

DESCRIPTION:

Farmin 2471 is used as Starting materials for cationic and amphoteric surfactants, germicides & bactericides, levelling agents, wood preservatives, oil recovery agents, amine oxide, corrosion inhibitors, hair care ingredients.
Farmin 2471 has a variety of different uses including use in the manufacture of amine oxides used as surfactants.
Additionally Farmin 2471 is used in the manufacture of benzalkonium salts to be used in biocide applications.

CAS RN.: 68439-70-3


APPLICATIONS OF FARMIN 2471:

Farmin 2471 is used as Raw materials for cationic surfactants.
Farmin 2471 is used as Raw materials for amphoteric surfactants.
Farmin 2471 is used as Corrosion inhibitors, Raw materials for emulsifier for asphalt, mold release agents for rubber, flotation agents, anti-caking agents for fertilizers, fuel additives, sludge inhibitors, etc

Farmin 2471 is used as Starting materials for cationic and amphoteric surfactants, germicides & bactericides, levelling agents, wood preservatives, oil recovery agents, amine oxide, corrosion inhibitors, hair care ingredients.

Farmin 2471 has a variety of different uses including use in the manufacture of amine oxides used as surfactants.
Additionally Farmin 2471 is used in the manufacture of benzalkonium salts to be used in biocide applications.
Farmin 2471 is not sold to consumers and use is limited to Industrial use only.
Workers handling Farmin 2471 should have the appropriate skills and training with self-protect apparatus



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT FARMIN 2471:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FARMIN 2471:
Product name: FARMIN DM2471
Chemical Name:
Alkyl(C12-16) dimethylamines
CAS RN.: 68439-70-3
Appearance: Clear liquid
Typical carbon chain composition
C10: 2%max., C12:63-75%, C14:24-30%, C16:5%max, C18:0.5%max.
Color
40 APHA max.
Total amine value
244-255
Tertiary amine (%)
98 min.
1'ry & 2'ry amines(%)
0.30 max.
Water content(%)
0.30 max.
Physical state. Liquid
Colour: Colourless
Odour: Characteristic (fatty amine)
Density: 0.790 g/mL at 20 ºC
Melting point: - 8.9 ºC
Flash point: 136 °C (Cleveland open cup method)

Farmin DM2471 is a chemical compound known for its versatile applications in various industries.
Farmin DM2471 is a clear liquid with a specific carbon chain composition, primarily consisting of C12 to C16 alkyl dimethylamines.
With a CAS Registry Number of 68439-70-3, Farmin DM2471 is readily identifiable in chemical databases.

CAS Number: 68439-70-3



APPLICATIONS


Farmin DM2471 is widely utilized as a crucial raw material in the production of cationic surfactants, which find applications in various industries.
Cationic surfactants derived from Farmin DM2471 are extensively used in personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and body washes for their conditioning and antimicrobial properties.
Farmin DM2471 plays a vital role in the formulation of amphoteric surfactants, which are versatile in their ability to function under various pH conditions.
Farmin DM2471 serves as a corrosion inhibitor, protecting metal surfaces from degradation in corrosive environments.

In the construction industry, it is employed in asphalt emulsifiers, facilitating the mixing of asphalt with water for road construction and maintenance.
Farmin DM2471 acts as a mold release agent for rubber products, ensuring their easy removal from molds during manufacturing.

In the mining and mineral processing sector, it functions as a flotation agent, aiding in the separation of valuable minerals from waste materials.
Farmin DM2471 is utilized as an anti-caking agent in the fertilizer industry to prevent the clumping of fertilizers and ensure uniform distribution.
As a fuel additive, it may enhance combustion efficiency and reduce emissions in the automotive and energy sectors.
Farmin DM2471 serves as a sludge inhibitor in wastewater treatment processes, preventing the buildup of undesirable deposits.

Farmin DM2471 is a starting material for the production of germicides and bactericides, contributing to the formulation of disinfectants and sanitizers.
Farmin DM2471 functions as a levelling agent in coatings and printing inks, ensuring even and consistent application on surfaces.

In the wood preservation industry, it is used to protect wood from decay, insects, and other forms of deterioration.
Farmin DM2471 serves as an oil recovery agent in the petroleum industry, aiding in the extraction of oil from reservoirs.
Farmin DM2471 may function as an amine oxide in various chemical processes, acting as a surfactant, emulsifier, or stabilizer.

Farmin DM2471 is involved in the formulation of wood adhesives, enhancing bonding properties in wood-based products.
Farmin DM2471 finds applications in the production of paper and pulp, contributing to paper sizing and coating processes.
In the textile industry, it is used as an auxiliary chemical in dyeing and finishing processes.

Farmin DM2471 is employed in the formulation of lubricants and metalworking fluids for improved performance and longevity.
Farmin DM2471 serves as a processing aid in the manufacturing of rubber and polymer products.
Farmin DM2471 plays a role in the development of agrochemicals, aiding in the dispersion and effectiveness of active ingredients.
In the cosmetics industry, it can be found in formulations such as creams and lotions as an emulsifying agent.

Farmin DM2471 is utilized in the production of household and industrial cleaning products for its surfactant properties.
Farmin DM2471 contributes to the formulation of adhesives and sealants used in various construction and manufacturing applications.
Farmin DM2471's versatility and compatibility make it an essential ingredient in a wide range of applications across industries, where its unique properties enhance product performance and effectiveness.

Farmin DM2471 is a key ingredient in the production of household and industrial detergents, contributing to their cleaning and foaming properties.
Farmin DM2471 is used in the formulation of dishwashing liquids, where it aids in the removal of grease and food residues.
Farmin DM2471 finds applications in the textile industry as a softening agent, improving the feel and texture of fabrics.

In the agriculture sector, it is utilized as an adjuvant in pesticide formulations to enhance their effectiveness and coverage on plant surfaces.
Farmin DM2471 plays a role in the manufacture of concrete admixtures, improving the workability and strength of concrete mixes.
Farmin DM2471 is incorporated into the production of inkjet printing inks to improve their color dispersion and print quality.
Farmin DM2471 is used as a component in industrial paints and coatings, contributing to their durability and adhesion properties.

Farmin DM2471 is employed in the production of oilfield chemicals, aiding in processes such as drilling, well stimulation, and production.
In the pulp and paper industry, it is added to paper coatings to enhance their printability and smoothness.
Farmin DM2471 is utilized in the development of leather treatments and finishes, improving leather quality and appearance.
Farmin DM2471 plays a role in the formulation of adhesive tapes, ensuring strong adhesion to various surfaces.

Farmin DM2471 is used as a wetting agent in the manufacturing of electronics components, facilitating soldering and assembly processes.
In the food industry, it serves as a processing aid, enhancing the texture and consistency of food products.

Farmin DM2471 contributes to the formulation of drilling fluids in the oil and gas sector, assisting in wellbore stability and lubrication.
Farmin DM2471 is added to coolant and antifreeze formulations in the automotive industry to prevent corrosion and scale buildup.
Farmin DM2471 finds applications in the production of ceramic glazes, improving their flow and adhesion to pottery surfaces.

Farmin DM2471 is used in the formulation of automotive waxes and polishes, enhancing the shine and protection of vehicle finishes.
Farmin DM2471 plays a role in the development of metalworking fluids, improving cutting and machining processes.
Farmin DM2471 is added to the manufacturing of rubber tires to enhance their durability and resistance to wear.

Farmin DM2471 contributes to the formulation of concrete curing compounds, aiding in the proper hydration of concrete surfaces.
Farmin DM2471 serves as a component in industrial solvents and degreasers for effective cleaning and degreasing applications.
Farmin DM2471 is employed in the production of rust and corrosion inhibitors for metal protection.
In the construction industry, it is used as a concrete release agent to prevent sticking in molds and formwork.

Farmin DM2471 is incorporated into asphalt sealants to enhance their adhesive properties and longevity.
Farmin DM2471 finds applications in the manufacturing of rubber and plastic products, improving their processing characteristics and performance.



DESCRIPTION


Farmin DM2471 is a chemical compound known for its versatile applications in various industries.
Farmin DM2471 is a clear liquid with a specific carbon chain composition, primarily consisting of C12 to C16 alkyl dimethylamines.
With a CAS Registry Number of 68439-70-3, Farmin DM2471 is readily identifiable in chemical databases.
Farmin DM2471 exhibits a maximum carbon chain length of C16 and minimal C10 content.
Farmin DM2471 has a maximum color specification of 40 APHA, indicating its clarity.

Its total amine value typically falls within the range of 244 to 255.
Remarkably, Farmin DM2471 primarily consists of tertiary amines, with a minimum content of 98%.

The presence of primary and secondary amines is limited to a maximum of 0.30%.
Farmin DM2471 exhibits excellent purity, with a maximum water content of 0.30%.
Its chemical composition makes it a valuable raw material for cationic surfactants, used in various applications.

In addition to cationic surfactants, it serves as a raw material for amphoteric surfactants.
Farmin DM2471 plays a vital role as a corrosion inhibitor, protecting metals from deteriorating effects.
Its use extends to being a key component in emulsifiers for asphalt, facilitating the mixing of asphalt with other substances.
Farmin DM2471 serves as an effective mold release agent for rubber products, aiding in their easy removal from molds.

In flotation processes, it acts as a flotation agent, helping separate valuable minerals from gangue.
Farmin DM2471 finds application as an anti-caking agent in fertilizers, preventing clumping and ensuring even distribution.
As a fuel additive, it may enhance the combustion characteristics of fuels.

Farmin DM2471 also serves as a sludge inhibitor, helping control the formation of unwanted deposits in various industrial processes.
Farmin DM2471 is used as a starting material for germicides and bactericides, contributing to hygiene and disinfection.

Farmin DM2471 functions as a levelling agent in certain processes, ensuring even and uniform application of coatings.
Farmin DM2471 is employed as a wood preservative, protecting wood from decay and pests.
In oil recovery operations, it acts as an oil recovery agent, aiding in the extraction of petroleum from reservoirs.
Farmin DM2471 may also serve as an amine oxide in specific chemical reactions.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Chemical Name: Alkyl(C12-16) dimethylamines
CAS RN (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number): 68439-70-3
Appearance: Clear liquid
Color: 40 APHA max.
Odor: Characteristic amine odor
Density: Typically not provided (manufacturer-specific data)
Boiling Point: Typically not provided (manufacturer-specific data)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Typically not provided (manufacturer-specific data)
Solubility: Soluble in water and various organic solvents.
pH (1% Solution): Typically not provided (manufacturer-specific data)
Flash Point: Typically not provided (manufacturer-specific data)


Chemical Properties:

Carbon Chain Composition:
- C10: 2% max.
- C12: 63-75%
- C14: 24-30%
- C16: 5% max.
- C18: 0.5% max.
Total Amine Value: 244-255
Tertiary Amine (%): 98 min.
1st & 2nd Amines (%): 0.30 max.
Water Content (%): 0.30 max.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled and respiratory distress occurs, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
Keep the individual at rest in a comfortable position.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
In the case of severe inhalation exposure or if the person is unconscious, initiate artificial respiration and seek medical help.


Skin Contact:

In the event of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing while wearing suitable protective equipment.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation, redness, or other skin issues develop, seek medical advice.
Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly before reuse.


Eye Contact:

If Farmin DM2471 comes into contact with the eyes, rinse them gently but thoroughly with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, while holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, especially if irritation, redness, or pain persists.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do, after the initial eye rinse.


Ingestion:

If swallowed accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water or milk if the person is conscious.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with the product's Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for reference.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear suitable personal protective equipment, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing, to minimize skin and eye contact with the chemical.

Ventilation:
Use Farmin DM2471 in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling the chemical.

Avoid Skin Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact with the chemical.
In case of skin contact, promptly remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect against potential eye contact.
In the event of eye contact, rinse eyes gently with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids open.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or pain persists.

Respiratory Protection:
Depending on the form of Farmin DM2471 and the handling procedures, respiratory protection (e.g., a mask with appropriate filters) may be necessary.
Follow applicable respiratory protection regulations and guidelines.

Handling Equipment:
Utilize appropriate handling equipment, such as pumps, pipettes, or dispensers, to minimize the risk of spills, splashes, or direct contact with the chemical.

Avoid Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Farmin DM2471, and avoid ingesting any traces of the chemical.
Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling, especially before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Labeling and Identification:
Ensure containers are clearly labeled with the product name, hazard information, and safety instructions.
Maintain legible and intact labels.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store Farmin DM2471 in a cool, dry place at temperatures specified on the product label or in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
Avoid extreme temperature fluctuations.

Ventilation:
Ensure storage areas are well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of vapors or fumes.
Use mechanical ventilation if necessary.

Separation:
Store Farmin DM2471 away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents, to prevent chemical reactions and potential hazards.

Container Integrity:
Keep the chemical in its original container with a tightly closed lid to prevent contamination and moisture ingress.
Ensure containers are in good condition without leaks or damage.

Security:
Limit access to storage areas and keep Farmin DM2471 out of reach of unauthorized personnel, children, and pets.

Shelf Life:
Check the maximum shelf life specified by the manufacturer.
Use older stock first to ensure product freshness and effectiveness.

Emergency Equipment:
Maintain access to emergency equipment, such as eyewash stations, safety showers, and spill control materials, in the event of accidental exposure or spills.

Farnesol is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene alcohol widely used in the fragrance and personal care industries for its pleasant floral aroma and multifunctional properties.
Farnesol is highly effective as a deodorizing agent, making it a key ingredient in many deodorants and antiperspirants.
In addition to its fragrance and deodorizing properties, Farnesol also exhibits antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, making it suitable for various skincare applications.

CAS Number: 4602-84-0
EC Number: 225-004-1

Synonyms: Farnesol, 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol, Farnesyl alcohol, trans-trans-Farnesol, 2,6,10-Dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-Trimethyl-, trans,trans-Farnesyl alcohol, trans-Farnesol, trans,trans-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol, trans,trans- Farnesyl alcohol, 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol, trans-trans-Farnesol, Sesquiterpene alcohol, Anti-bacterial agent Farnesol, Deodorant active Farnesol, Natural fragrance Farnesol, Farnesol complex, Odor neutralizer Farnesol, Farnesol antimicrobial, Farnesol anti-inflammatory agent, Farnesol deodorant additive, Farnesol skin conditioner, Farnesol fragrance component



APPLICATIONS


Farnesol is extensively used as a fragrance component in perfumes and colognes, contributing a fresh, floral aroma that enhances the overall scent profile.
Farnesol is favored in the production of deodorants, where it acts as a natural deodorizing agent by inhibiting the growth of odor-causing bacteria.
Farnesol is utilized in the formulation of antiperspirants, providing long-lasting odor protection while being gentle on the skin.

Farnesol is widely used in the development of skincare products, such as creams and lotions, where its anti-inflammatory properties help soothe and calm irritated skin.
Farnesol is employed in the production of aftershaves and post-shaving balms, offering a soothing and antimicrobial effect that helps prevent skin irritation.
Farnesol is essential in the formulation of foot care products, providing deodorizing and antifungal benefits that help maintain foot hygiene.

Farnesol is utilized in the creation of intimate care products, where it provides gentle yet effective deodorizing and antimicrobial protection.
Farnesol is a key ingredient in the formulation of natural and organic skincare products, offering a safe and effective alternative to synthetic fragrance and preservative ingredients.
Farnesol is used in the production of oral care products, such as mouthwashes and toothpaste, where its antimicrobial properties help maintain oral hygiene.

Farnesol is applied in the formulation of hair care products, including shampoos and conditioners, providing a fresh scent and scalp-soothing benefits.
Farnesol is employed in the production of baby care products, ensuring gentle and non-irritating deodorizing effects for sensitive skin.
Farnesol is used in the creation of sunscreens, offering both fragrance and skin-conditioning benefits, enhancing the overall product experience.

Farnesol is widely utilized in the formulation of body washes and shower gels, providing a fresh and clean scent while also helping to maintain skin hygiene.
Farnesol is a key component in the development of fragrance-free skincare products, where it offers antimicrobial protection without adding a noticeable scent.
Farnesol is used in the production of insect repellents, contributing to the effectiveness of the formulation while providing a pleasant aroma.

Farnesol is employed in the formulation of anti-aging products, where its anti-inflammatory properties help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Farnesol is applied in the creation of deodorant wipes, offering portable and convenient odor protection for use throughout the day.
Farnesol is utilized in the development of multi-functional skincare products, offering combined benefits of fragrance, deodorization, and skin conditioning.

Farnesol is found in the formulation of hair styling products, providing a fresh scent while also offering scalp-soothing benefits.
Farnesol is used in the production of massage oils and lotions, where its fragrance and skin-conditioning properties enhance the overall sensory experience.
Farnesol is a key ingredient in the creation of aromatherapy products, offering a calming and soothing fragrance that promotes relaxation.

Farnesol is widely used in the development of personal care products designed for sensitive skin, providing gentle yet effective deodorizing and antimicrobial protection.
Farnesol is employed in the formulation of fragrance mists and body sprays, offering a light and refreshing scent that can be reapplied throughout the day.
Farnesol is applied in the production of leave-on skincare treatments, such as serums and oils, providing long-lasting fragrance and skin benefits.

Farnesol is utilized in the creation of fragrance-infused skincare products, offering a harmonious blend of scent and skincare benefits in one product.
Farnesol is found in the formulation of deodorant sticks, where it provides effective odor protection with a pleasant, natural scent.
Farnesol is used in the production of deodorant creams, offering a moisturizing and deodorizing effect that is ideal for sensitive skin areas.

Farnesol is a key component in the development of anti-acne products, where its antimicrobial properties help reduce acne-causing bacteria on the skin.
Farnesol is widely used in the formulation of intimate hygiene products, providing gentle deodorization and antimicrobial protection for delicate areas.
Farnesol is employed in the creation of natural deodorants, offering an effective alternative to synthetic actives while maintaining product efficacy.

Farnesol is applied in the production of skincare products designed for dry and sensitive skin, offering both fragrance and skin-conditioning benefits.
Farnesol is used in the formulation of deodorant sprays, providing quick-drying and long-lasting odor protection with a refreshing scent.
Farnesol is found in the development of foot sprays, offering deodorizing and antifungal benefits that help maintain foot health.

Farnesol is utilized in the creation of multifunctional skincare products, offering combined benefits of fragrance, antimicrobial protection, and skin conditioning.
Farnesol is widely employed in the production of hair perfumes, offering a fresh scent that lasts throughout the day while providing scalp-soothing benefits.
Farnesol is a critical ingredient in the development of fragrance-free deodorants, providing effective odor protection without added fragrance.



DESCRIPTION


Farnesol is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene alcohol widely used in the fragrance and personal care industries for its pleasant floral aroma and multifunctional properties.
Farnesol is highly effective as a deodorizing agent, making it a key ingredient in many deodorants and antiperspirants.

Farnesol is a versatile ingredient that offers antimicrobial, deodorizing, and skin-conditioning properties, making it suitable for a wide range of personal care applications.
Farnesol is often incorporated into skincare products for its anti-inflammatory effects, which help to soothe and calm irritated skin.
Farnesol is recognized for its stability in various formulations, maintaining its efficacy throughout the product's shelf life.

Farnesol is commonly used in both traditional and natural personal care products, aligning with consumer demands for clean and effective ingredients.
Farnesol is valued for its ability to maintain effectiveness in challenging conditions, such as high humidity and heat, making it ideal for use in sports and outdoor products.
Farnesol is known for its compatibility with other active ingredients, allowing formulators to create multifunctional products that offer fragrance, deodorization, and skin benefits.

Farnesol is often chosen for formulations that require long-lasting fragrance and deodorizing effects, ensuring users remain fresh throughout the day.
Farnesol is a preferred ingredient for products targeting both men and women, offering a gender-neutral fragrance that appeals to a wide range of consumers.
Farnesol is a key ingredient in the development of personal care products designed for sensitive areas, such as intimate deodorants, where gentle yet effective odor control is essential.

Farnesol is recognized for its environmental friendliness, as it offers a sustainable alternative to synthetic fragrance and deodorant actives without compromising on efficacy.
Farnesol is an ideal choice for formulators looking to create innovative personal care products that stand out in the market for their performance and safety.
Farnesol is widely used in formulations that prioritize skin health, providing odor protection and fragrance without disrupting the skin's natural balance.

Farnesol enhances the overall effectiveness of deodorant and skincare products by providing comprehensive protection against odor while being gentle on the skin.
Farnesol is a reliable ingredient for creating personal care products that offer a pleasant user experience, with smooth application and no residue.
Farnesol is often incorporated into luxury skincare and fragrance products, where its sophisticated aroma and multifunctional benefits add value to the formulation.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C15H26O
Common Name: Farnesol
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Density: 0.878 g/cm³
Melting Point: N/A (liquid at room temperature)
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohols and organic solvents
Flash Point: 93°C
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Farnesol is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Farnesol is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Farnesol to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Farnesol.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite) and collect for disposal.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

Storage:
Store Farnesol in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of vapors and direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where vapors may be present.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store Farnesol at temperatures between 15-25°C as recommended by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Containers:
Use approved containers made of compatible materials.
Check for leaks or damage in storage containers regularly.

Separation:
Store Farnesol away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizers.

Handling Equipment:
Use dedicated equipment for handling Farnesol to avoid cross-contamination.
Ensure all handling equipment is in good condition.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas.
Follow all applicable local regulations regarding the storage of cosmetic ingredients.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response equipment and materials readily available, including spill cleanup materials, fire extinguishers, and emergency eyewash stations.

N° CAS : 91001-85-3

Farnesol Plus is a multifunctional active ingredient widely used in personal care products for its antimicrobial, deodorizing, and skin-conditioning properties.
Farnesol Plus is particularly effective in controlling the growth of odor-causing bacteria, making it a key component in deodorant and skincare formulations.
The unique composition of Farnesol Plus offers a broad range of benefits, including anti-inflammatory and skin-soothing effects, which make it suitable for various personal care applications.

CAS Number: 4602-84-0
EC Number: 225-004-1

Synonyms: Farnesol Plus, Deodorant Active Farnesol, Skin Conditioning Agent Farnesol, Farnesol Complex, Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Farnesol, Deodorant Additive Farnesol, Skin Soothing Farnesol, Anti-Inflammatory Farnesol, Multifunctional Farnesol, Odor Control Agent Farnesol, Farnesol Deodorant Complex, Farnesol Antimicrobial Complex, Farnesol Skin Conditioner, Farnesol Plus Deodorant, Farnesol Antimicrobial Active, Farnesol Skin Protectant, Farnesol Plus Preservative, Farnesol Deodorant Active, Farnesol Skincare Additive, Farnesol Anti-Microbial, Farnesol Anti-Bacterial Agent, Farnesol Skin Health Active, Farnesol Odor Neutralizer



APPLICATIONS


Farnesol Plus is extensively used as an active ingredient in deodorant formulations, providing effective odor control by inhibiting the growth of odor-causing bacteria.
Farnesol Plus is favored in the production of antiperspirants, where it enhances the product's ability to reduce perspiration and neutralize body odor.
Farnesol Plus is utilized in the formulation of body sprays, offering long-lasting freshness and odor protection without irritating the skin.

Farnesol Plus is widely used in the development of roll-on deodorants, ensuring smooth application and consistent odor control throughout the day.
Farnesol Plus is employed in the production of stick deodorants, providing a solid form of odor protection that is both effective and gentle on the skin.
Farnesol Plus is essential in the formulation of deodorant creams, offering a moisturizing and deodorizing effect, making it ideal for sensitive skin areas.

Farnesol Plus is utilized in the creation of deodorant wipes, providing portable and convenient odor protection for use throughout the day.
Farnesol Plus is a key ingredient in the formulation of natural and organic deodorants, aligning with consumer demand for clean and effective personal care products.
Farnesol Plus is used in the production of underarm powders, offering a dry and comfortable feel with enhanced odor protection.

Farnesol Plus is applied in the formulation of foot deodorants, providing antimicrobial protection that helps prevent foot odor and maintain foot health.
Farnesol Plus is employed in the production of intimate deodorants, ensuring gentle and effective odor control in delicate areas.
Farnesol Plus is used in the creation of multi-functional body lotions that offer both moisturizing benefits and deodorizing properties.

Farnesol Plus is widely utilized in the formulation of deodorant soaps and body washes, providing an extra layer of odor protection during cleansing routines.
Farnesol Plus is a key component in the development of deodorant sprays for fabrics, helping to neutralize odors and keep clothing fresh.
Farnesol Plus is used in the production of sports deodorants, offering long-lasting protection against sweat and odor during physical activities.

Farnesol Plus is employed in the formulation of deodorant balms, providing a soothing application while effectively controlling body odor.
Farnesol Plus is applied in the creation of gender-specific deodorants, offering tailored odor protection that meets the needs of different skin types.
Farnesol Plus is utilized in the development of deodorant mists, providing a lightweight and refreshing alternative to traditional deodorant products.

Farnesol Plus is found in the formulation of hair deodorants, offering odor protection for the scalp and hair, especially in humid conditions.
Farnesol Plus is used in the production of deodorant patches, providing targeted odor control for specific areas of the body.
Farnesol Plus is a key ingredient in the creation of travel-sized deodorants, ensuring compact and effective odor protection while on the go.

Farnesol Plus is widely used in the development of deodorant-infused skincare products, offering dual benefits of odor control and skin care.
Farnesol Plus is employed in the formulation of deodorant roll-ons with additional skincare benefits, such as soothing and hydrating effects.
Farnesol Plus is applied in the production of deodorant bars, providing a solid and convenient form of odor protection.

Farnesol Plus is utilized in the creation of deodorant powders for sensitive skin, ensuring effective odor control without causing irritation.
Farnesol Plus is found in the formulation of deodorant sticks with added fragrances, offering both odor protection and a pleasant scent.
Farnesol Plus is used in the production of deodorant creams with natural ingredients, providing a clean and effective approach to odor control.

Farnesol Plus is a key component in the development of deodorant gels, offering a cooling sensation along with reliable odor protection.
Farnesol Plus is widely used in the formulation of deodorant sprays with quick-drying properties, ensuring a comfortable and dry feel throughout the day.
Farnesol Plus is employed in the creation of deodorant foams, providing a unique and innovative form of odor protection.

Farnesol Plus is applied in the production of deodorant balms with added skin-nourishing ingredients, offering both odor control and skincare benefits.
Farnesol Plus is used in the formulation of deodorant lotions with anti-inflammatory properties, ensuring gentle and effective odor protection for sensitive skin.
Farnesol Plus is found in the development of eco-friendly deodorants, providing sustainable and effective odor control solutions.

Farnesol Plus is utilized in the creation of deodorant products designed for active lifestyles, ensuring long-lasting protection against sweat and odor.
Farnesol Plus is widely employed in the production of multifunctional deodorants that offer additional benefits such as moisturizing, soothing, or skin protection.
Farnesol Plus is a critical ingredient in the development of fragrance-free deodorants, offering effective odor protection without added scents.

Farnesol Plus is used in the creation of deodorant-infused textiles, providing odor protection directly from clothing materials.
Farnesol Plus is applied in the formulation of deodorant serums, offering a concentrated and effective form of odor protection.
Farnesol Plus is a key ingredient in the production of deodorants with natural extracts, ensuring a gentle and effective approach to odor control.

Farnesol Plus is employed in the development of deodorant sprays with enhanced antimicrobial properties, providing extra protection against odor-causing bacteria.
Farnesol Plus is utilized in the creation of specialized deodorants for athletes, offering robust and long-lasting odor protection.
Farnesol Plus is widely used in the formulation of deodorants with skin-soothing ingredients, ensuring a comfortable and irritation-free experience.



DESCRIPTION


Farnesol Plus is a multifunctional active ingredient widely used in personal care products for its antimicrobial, deodorizing, and skin-conditioning properties.
Farnesol Plus is particularly effective in controlling the growth of odor-causing bacteria, making it a key component in deodorant and skincare formulations.

Farnesol Plus is a versatile ingredient that offers broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, ensuring comprehensive protection against a wide range of microorganisms.
Farnesol Plus is often incorporated into deodorant formulations designed for sensitive skin, as it is gentle and non-irritating while still providing powerful odor control.
Farnesol Plus is recognized for its stability in various formulations, maintaining its efficacy throughout the product's shelf life.

Farnesol Plus is commonly used in both traditional and natural deodorants, aligning with consumer demands for clean and effective personal care products.
Farnesol Plus is an essential component in multi-functional personal care products, where it provides deodorant protection along with other skincare benefits.
Farnesol Plus is valued for its ability to maintain effectiveness in challenging conditions, such as high humidity and heat, making it ideal for use in sports and outdoor products.

Farnesol Plus is known for its compatibility with other active ingredients, allowing formulators to create products with multiple benefits, such as deodorant creams that also moisturize and soothe the skin.
Farnesol Plus is often chosen for formulations that require long-lasting odor protection, ensuring users remain fresh throughout the day.
Farnesol Plus is a preferred ingredient for products targeting both men and women, offering tailored odor protection that meets the needs of different skin types.

Farnesol Plus is a key ingredient in the development of products designed for sensitive areas, such as intimate deodorants, where gentle yet effective odor control is essential.
Farnesol Plus is recognized for its environmental friendliness, as it offers a sustainable alternative to traditional deodorant actives without compromising on efficacy.
Farnesol Plus is an ideal choice for formulators looking to create innovative deodorant products that stand out in the market for their performance and safety.

Farnesol Plus is widely used in formulations that prioritize skin health, providing odor protection without disrupting the skin's natural balance.
Farnesol Plus is a reliable ingredient for creating deodorants that offer a pleasant user experience, with smooth application and no residue.
Farnesol Plus enhances the overall effectiveness of deodorant products by providing comprehensive protection against odor while being gentle on the skin.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C15H26O
Common Name: Farnesol Plus (Farnesol)
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Density: 0.878 g/cm³
Melting Point: N/A (liquid at room temperature)
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohols and organic solvents
Flash Point: 93°C
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; no known reactivity issues
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store between 15-25°C in a cool, dry place
Vapor Pressure: Low



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If Farnesol Plus is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area with soap and water.
If skin irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
If Farnesol Plus is ingested, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles if handling large quantities.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation when handling large amounts of Farnesol Plus to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes and prolonged skin contact.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Farnesol Plus.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Absorb with inert material (e.g., sand, vermiculite) and collect for disposal.
Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.

Storage:
Store Farnesol Plus in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid inhalation of vapors and direct contact with skin and eyes.
Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where vapors may be present.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store Farnesol Plus at temperatures between 15-25°C as recommended by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Containers:
Use approved containers made of compatible materials.
Check for leaks or damage in storage containers regularly.

Separation:
Store Farnesol Plus away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizers.

Handling Equipment:
Use dedicated equipment for handling Farnesol Plus to avoid cross-contamination.
Ensure all handling equipment is in good condition.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas.
Follow all applicable local regulations regarding the storage of cosmetic ingredients.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response equipment and materials readily available, including spill cleanup materials, fire extinguishers, and emergency eyewash stations.

Phaseolus Vulgaris Extract ;phaseolus vulgaris seed extract ;kidney bean seed extract; extract of the seeds of the kidney bean, phaseolus vulgaris l., leguminosae cas no:85085-22-9

Chemical Name:FATTY ACID DIETHANOLAMIDE SynonymsFATTY ACID DIETHANOLAMIDE;Fatty acid-diethanolamine condensate CAS:68603-42-9

Tridecyl Alcohol Ethoxylates; Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylates; Ceto Stearyl Alcohol Ethoxylates, C 12 C 14 - FATTY ALCOHOL; C 12 C 18 - FATTY ALCOHOL; C 16 C 18 - FATTY ALCOHOL; FATTY ALCOHOL ETHER SULPHATE,SODIUM SALT

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates (or long-chain alcohols) are usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, derived from natural fats and oils.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are a class of non-ionic surfactants that are derived from fatty alcohols.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are typically produced by reacting fatty alcohols (which are derived from natural fats and oils) with alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO).

CAS Number: 120313-48-6
EINECS Number: 639-733-1

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates act as surfactants, meaning they can lower the surface tension of liquids, allowing them to mix more easily.
These surfactants are commonly used in a variety of industrial and household products due to their emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, and detergent properties.
The term "alkoxylate" refers to the alkylene oxide groups attached to the fatty alcohol molecule during the manufacturing process.

The addition of these alkoxyl groups imparts water-solubility and other surfactant properties to the fatty alcohol.
The number of alkoxyl groups added during the ethoxylation or propoxylation process can vary, leading to different types of fatty alcohol alkoxylates.
For example, ethoxylates have ethylene oxide units, while propoxylates have propylene oxide units.

The ratio of these alkoxyl units determines the properties of the resulting surfactant.
This property makes them effective in various applications, including as emulsifiers, detergents, and wetting agents.
These surfactants are particularly useful in emulsifying oil and water, making them suitable for formulations such as emulsifiable concentrates in the agrochemical industry or in the production of emulsion-based personal care products.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are commonly found in household and industrial cleaning products due to their detergent properties.
They help to break down and remove dirt and grease.
In the textile and leather industries, fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used as wetting agents and emulsifiers in the processing of fibers and fabrics.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be found in various personal care products, including shampoos, conditioners, and skin cleansers, where they contribute to the formulation's stability and foaming properties.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates (FAE) are produced by ethoxylation, where ethylene oxide is added to the fatty alcohol.
Similarly, fatty alcohol propoxylates are produced by propoxylation, using propylene oxide.

The choice between ethoxylation and propoxylation influences the properties of the resulting alkoxylate.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be tailored to specific applications by adjusting the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB).
The HLB value determines the balance between the hydrophilic (water-attracting) and lipophilic (oil-attracting) parts of the surfactant, influencing its emulsification and solubilization properties.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are generally considered biodegradable, especially those with a higher degree of ethoxylation.

Biodegradability is an important consideration to minimize environmental impact.
In addition to their emulsifying and wetting properties, fatty alcohol alkoxylates can contribute to the foaming characteristics of formulations.
This makes them suitable for use in products like shampoos and bath products.

Depending on the manufacturing process, fatty alcohol alkoxylates may exhibit polydispersity, meaning that the alkoxylate chains may have varying lengths.
This can impact the surfactant's performance in different applications.
The properties of fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be influenced by temperature.

For example, some ethoxylates may exhibit clouding or precipitation at lower temperatures, a phenomenon known as cloud point.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are generally compatible with hard water, which makes them suitable for use in cleaning products in areas with varying water hardness.
The solubility of fatty alcohol alkoxylates in different solvents can vary.

This property is essential for their effective use in various formulations.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are often used in combination with other surfactants to achieve synergistic effects.
The combination of different surfactants can enhance the overall performance of a formulation.

Like other chemical substances, fatty alcohol alkoxylates are subject to regulatory oversight.
Users should ensure compliance with regulations and guidelines relevant to their specific applications and regions.
These surfactants are used in the formulation of agrochemicals, such as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides, to improve their dispersion and effectiveness.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are employed in the production of paints and coatings to enhance their stability, dispersibility, and wetting characteristics.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are available under the Galaxy MW series of products which are anionic surfactants derived from natural fatty alcohols.
These anionic surfactants (Ethoxylated lauryl alcohol) are applied in a wide variety of applications and their function is strongly dependent on the chemical composition.

The Hydrophilic/ Lipophilic Balance (HLB) determines which non-ionic surfactant is best for a certain application.
Detergents (wetting agents, emulsifiers), personal hygiene products (shampoos, skin softener, foam boosters, Viscosity builders), leather (degreasing, wetting), fabric paints, and agriculture (emulsifiers, spreading out) all use the HLB value to decide their qualities.
And all of these characteristics customized via Lauryl alcohol ethoxylate have numerous industrial applications, both commercial and household.

Galaxy Surfactants produces a thorough range of non-ionic fatty alcohol ethoxylates that are custom-made to meet the needs of certain moles and products.
Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate is a clear liquid substance based on the components Fatty Alcohol (FA) from the oleochemical chain and Ethylene Oxide (EO) from the petrochemical chain.
The focus of HELM is on natural based FA produced from palm kernel oil or coconut oil with different carbon chains and EO compositions.

Due to the wide experience in the area of surfactants and the structured supply chain of HELM it is possible to offer a high quality product at competitive prices from different sources/ origins in different kind of packing.
The class of fatty alcohol alkoxylates describes surfactants that are synthesised by reaction of fatty alcohols with alkoxides such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or a combination of both as copolymers.
The fatty alcohol ethoxylates are the non-ionic surfactants which are widely used in washing detergents both domestic and industrial.

These are used as wetting and cleaning agents in cosmetics, agriculture, textile, paper, oil and various other process industries.
However the main application of these ethoxylated alcohols in cosmetics and textile industries is for emulsification and solubilizing agent.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is a bi-product formed from the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols.

In this ethoxylation process the fatty alcohol groups like lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, oleyl cetyl alcohol etc are made to react with ethylene oxide thereby leading to the formation of fatty alcohol ethoxylates like lauryl alcohol ethoxylate, stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, behenyl alcohol ethoxylate etc.
All of these ehtoxylate products vary in physical appearance and have different properties like pour point, cloud point, density, viscosity, and flash point depending on the level of ethoxylation process from which they are formed.

Fatty acid ethoxylates are formed from ethoxylation process where fatty acids are made to react with ethylene oxide.
This ethoxylation process is known as fatty acid ethoxylation.
The ethoxylate bi-products formed from this ethoxylation process are non ionic surface active agents used in domestic as well as industrial formulations.

These are widely applied in processes as emulsifying softeners, wetting agents, cleaning agents and dispersants.
The most popular application of these fatty acid ethoxylates is in textile industry.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as spin finishing agents in various textile formulations.

The Fatty alcohol alkoxylate based on stearic acid have applications in cosmetics industries as emulsifiers in oil-in-water type creams and lotions.
Likewise some of the popular variants of Fatty alcohol alkoxylate formulations used in industries are coconut fatty acid ethoxylate, lauric acid ethoxylate, oleic acid, myristic acid ethoxylates.
Rimpro India is one of the leading suppliers of surfactant and specialty chemicals in India.

Both household as well as industrial products including ethoxylates, glycols, emulsifiers, cosmetic self emulsifying waxes, oilfield chemicals, surface active agents and much more are offered at much economical costs by Rimpro.
Textile surfactants for applications like lubricating, dyeing, scouring, finishing are available here.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate also offers surfactants for paper, rubber, leather, paints, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and refining industries.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are the largest family of nonionic surfactants.
They are highly useful in applications that serve multiple markets. Each consists of a hydrophobic group from oleochemical or petrochemical source combined with varying amount of ethylene oxide.
Oxiteno's line of Fatty alcohol alkoxylates includes an extensive range of linear and branched hydrophobes, as well as a broad range of degree of ethoxylation.

These act as wetting and solubilizing agents, detergents, dispersants, emulsifiers, emollients, and degreasers.
In organic chemistry, Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is a chemical reaction in which ethylene oxide (C2H4O) adds to a substrate.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is the most widely practiced alkoxylation, which involves the addition of epoxides to substrates.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates, especially those with a high degree of ethoxylation, can be used as anti-foaming agents in certain industrial processes where foam formation is undesirable.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates find application in the formulation of lubricants and metalworking fluids.
They can act as emulsifiers and improve the lubricity of these products.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used as additives in paint and coating formulations to improve the dispersion of pigments and enhance the stability of the final product.
In addition to their primary use as emulsifiers, fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be employed to introduce hydrophobic characteristics to formulations, especially when dealing with water-in-oil emulsions.
The length of the alkoxylate chain, which is determined by the number of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units added, can influence the physical and chemical properties of the fatty alcohol alkoxylate.

This can impact parameters such as cloud point, solubility, and viscosity.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used in various personal care products, including conditioners and lotions, where they contribute to the emollient properties and overall formulation stability.
In the food industry, certain fatty alcohol alkoxylates may find use as emulsifying agents or surface-active agents in food processing applications.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate's crucial to ensure compliance with food safety regulations.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are effective dispersing agents and are used to stabilize suspensions of solid particles in liquid formulations.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used in textile finishing processes to impart softness to fabrics.

They can act as dispersing agents for textile dyes and finishes.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are utilized in the production of packaging materials, such as films and coatings, to improve their properties.
These surfactants are common ingredients in household and industrial cleaning products, including laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, and all-purpose cleaners.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are often converted to related species called ethoxysulfates.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates and ethoxysulfates are surfactants, used widely in cosmetic and other commercial products.
The process is of great industrial significance, with more than 2,000,000 metric tons of various ethoxylates produced worldwide in 1994.

The reaction proceeds by blowing ethylene oxide through the alcohol at 180 °C and under 1-2 bar of pressure, with potassium hydroxide (KOH) serving as a catalyst.
The process is highly exothermic (ΔH -92 kJ/mol of ethylene oxide reacted) and requires careful control to avoid a potentially disastrous thermal runaway.
The starting materials are usually primary alcohols as they react ~10-30x faster than do secondary alcohols.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are considered to be a high production volume (HPV) chemical by the US EPA.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is sometimes combined with propoxylation, the analogous reaction using propylene oxide as the monomer.
Both reactions are normally performed in the same reactor and may be run simultaneously to give a random polymer, or in alternation to obtain block copolymers such as poloxamers.

Propylene oxide is more hydrophobic than ethylene oxide and its inclusion at low levels can significantly affect the properties of the surfactant.
In particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols which have been 'capped' with ~1 propylene oxide unit are extensively marketed as defoamers.
Ethoxylated fatty alcohols are often converted to the corresponding organosulfates, which can be easily deprotonated to give anionic surfactants such as sodium laureth sulfate.

Being salts, ethoxysulfates exhibit good water solubility (high HLB value).
The conversion is achieved by treating Fatty alcohol alkoxylates with sulfur trioxide.
Although Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are by far the major substrate for ethoxylation, many nucleophiles are reactive toward ethylene oxide.

Primary amines will react to give di-chain materials such as polyethoxylated tallow amine.
The reaction of ammonia produces important bulk chemicals such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
As Fatty alcohol alkoxylate based surfactants are non-ionic they typically require longer ethoxylate chains than their sulfonated analogues in order to be water-soluble.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is sometimes combined with propoxylation, the analogous reaction using propylene oxide as the monomer.
Both reactions are normally performed in the same reactor and may be run simultaneously to give a random polymer, or in alternation to obtain block copolymers such as poloxamers.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is more hydrophobic than ethylene oxide and its inclusion at low levels can significantly affect the properties of the surfactant.

In particular Fatty alcohol alkoxylates which have been 'capped' with ~1 propylene oxide unit are extensively marketed as defoamers.
In this particular family, the hydrophobic moiety of the surfactant is the polyoxypropylene chain.
Examples synthesized on an industrial scale include octyl Fatty alcohol alkoxylate, polysorbate 80 and poloxamers.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is commonly practiced, albeit on a much smaller scale, in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to increase water solubility and, in the case of pharmaceuticals, circulatory half-life of non-polar organic compounds.
In this application, ethoxylation is known as Fatty alcohol alkoxylate (polyethylene oxide is synonymous with polyethylene glycol, abbreviated as PEG).
Carbon chain length is 8-18 while the ethoxylated chain is usually 3 to 12 ethylene oxides long in home products.

They feature both lipophilic tails, indicated by the alkyl group abbreviation, R, and relatively polar headgroups, represented by the formula (OC2H4)nOH.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are not observed to be mutagenic, carcinogenic, or skin sensitizers, nor cause reproductive or developmental effects.
One byproduct of ethoxylation is 1,4-dioxane, a possible human carcinogen. Undiluted AEs can cause dermal or eye irritation.

As alcohol ethoxylate based surfactants are non-ionic they typically require longer ethoxylate chains than their sulfonated analogues in order to be water-soluble.
Examples synthesized on an industrial scale include Fatty alcohol alkoxylate, polysorbate 80 and poloxamers.
Ethoxylation is commonly practiced, albeit on a much smaller scale, in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to increase water solubility and, in the case of pharmaceuticals, circulatory half-life of non-polar organic compounds.

In this application, ethoxylation is known as Fatty alcohol alkoxylate (polyethylene oxide is synonymous with polyethylene glycol, abbreviated as PEG).
Carbon chain length is 8-18 while the ethoxylated chain is usually 3 to 12 ethylene oxides long in home products.
They feature both lipophilic tails, indicated by the alkyl group abbreviation, R, and relatively polar headgroups, represented by the formula (OC2H4)nOH.

In aqueous solution, the level of irritation is dependent on the concentration.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are considered to have low to moderate toxicity for acute oral exposure, low acute dermal toxicity, and have mild irritation potential for skin and eyes at concentrations found in consumer products.
Toxicity to certain invertebrates has a range of EC50 values for linear AE from 0.1 mg/l to greater than 100 mg/l.

For branched Fatty alcohol alkoxylates, toxicity ranges from 0.5 mg/l to 50 mg/l.[16] The EC50 toxicity for algae from linear and branched AEs was 0.05 mg/l to 50 mg/l.
Acute toxicity to fish ranges from LC50 values for linear AE of 0.4 mg/l to 100 mg/l, and branched is 0.25 mg/l to 40 mg/l.
For invertebrates, algae and fish the essentially linear and branched Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are considered to not have greater toxicity than Linear AE.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are often converted to the corresponding organosulfates, which can be easily deprotonated to give anionic surfactants such as sodium laureth sulfate.

Being salts, ethoxysulfates exhibit good water solubility (high HLB value).
The conversion is achieved by treating ethoxylated alcohols with sulfur trioxide.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are nonionic surfactants made from various fatty alcohols ethoxylated and/or fatty acid propoxylated with various degrees of alkoxylation.

These nonionic surfactants make excellent emulsifiers.
Very useful in shampoos and bubble baths to control and adjust viscosity and lubricity.
Industrial ethoxylation is primarily performed upon alcohols.

Lower alcohols react to give glycol ethers which are commonly used as solvents, while longer fatty alcohols are converted to fatty alcohol ethoxylates (FAE's), which are a common form of nonionic surfactant.
The reaction typically proceeds by blowing ethylene oxide through the alcohol at 180 °C and under 1-2 bar of pressure, with potassium hydroxide (KOH) serving as a catalyst.
The process is highly exothermic (ΔH = -92 kJ/mol of ethylene oxide reacted) and requires careful control to avoid a potentially disastrous thermal runaway.

The starting materials are usually primary Fatty alcohol alkoxylates as they tend to react 10–30× faster than do secondary alcohols.
Typically 5-10 units of ethylene oxide are added to each alcohol, however Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be more prone to ethoxylation than the starting alcohol, making the reaction difficult to control and leading to the formation of a product with varying repeat unit length (the value of n in the equation above).
Better control can be afforded by the use of more sophisticated catalysts, which can be used to generate narrow-range ethoxylates.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are considered to be a high production volume (HPV) chemical by the US EPA.
Hard surface cleaners are usually on acidic or alkaline systems and therefore necessitate a surfactant which is chemically stable at extreme pH.
They can be employed alone or in conjunction with anionic; cationic or other non-ionic surfactants.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates (or longchain alcohols) are usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, derived from natural fats and oils.
They are colourless oily liquids or waxy solids (depending on the carbon numbers), although impure samples may appear yellow.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate and alcohol ethoxysulfates (AES) are surfactants found in products such as laundry detergents, surface cleaners, cosmetics, agricultural products, textiles, and paint.

Uses:
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as raw material for the manufacturer of sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) Detergents: a base liquid and powder detergents, household cleaning agents, industrial cleaning agents.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as raw materials in shampoo, body gels and hand cleaners.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as scouring and wetting agents.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as emulsifiers in herbicides, Insecticides and fertilizers.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as wetting agents and improve absorbency.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as stabilizers for rubber.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as degreasing and tanning agents.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used as wetting agents and dispersing agent.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used in a wide variety of industrial and commercial settings.

Because these compounds are surfactants, they can be used whenever oily substances come into contact with water or a surface.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate can be used as detergents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, degreasers and emollients in many lines of commercially available products and industrial practices.
They show excellent wetting, emulsifying, low-foaming, detergency, and cleaning properties and are most suitable for household and industrial cleaning, for the textile and leather industry, and in performance chemicals.

They are mainly used in cleaning agents, detergents, home care and emulsifier production.
Chemicals such as Fatty alcohol alkoxylates, SLES and SLS can also be manufactured from methyl esters.
Depending on the grade / type of fatty alcohols.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is an industrial process in which ethylene oxide is added to alcohols and phenols to give surfactants.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are produced by reacting alcohol with oxirane (ethene oxide).
The alcohol could be made from cracked petroleum (via ethane, propane and carbon monoxide) or from vegetable or animal oil and fats.

Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylates are used as hard surface cleaner, for sulphonation to Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphates (SLES), detergents, cleaners, dishwashing, personal care e.g. showergel and hairshampoo, cosmetics, leather and textile processing as well as in the area of paints and agriculture.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used in tiny amounts with other surfactants as a wetting agent and emulsifier for foamy toilet soaps.
Because it works as a highly active substance with low salt content and water, linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is used in the manufacture of coupling agents, farming fungus killer, household and industrial cleaners, herbicides and in emulsion polymerization.

Fatty acid alkoxylates used as non-ionic surfactants in home and industrial cleaning are synthesized by a reaction of fatty alcohols with alkoxides.
Analysing these copolymers is, however, a challenging task.
They can be characterized by their degree of alkoxylation, the arrangement of building blocks, the type of starter used and the endcapping.

Difficulties arise from the fact that they are often present in complex matrices, from the high polydispersity and from the presence of a large number of constitutional isomers depending on the degree of alkoxylation.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are popular surfactants used in industrial processes.
These are produced from ethoxylation process.

In an Fatty alcohol alkoxylate process ethylene oxide is made to react with compounds having labile hydrogen.
Fatty alcohols and fatty acids are the two popular categories of compounds which are usually used in industrial ethoxylation processes for formation of surfactants.
Block copolymers could be used as antifoams in different industrial sectors (paper, textile, ceramic), as low foam wetting agents in agro and ceramic sectors, as demulsifiers in oil & gas sector.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are commonly used in the formulation of household and industrial cleaning products, such as laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, and all-purpose cleaners.
They contribute to the detergency and emulsification of dirt and grease.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are found in a variety of personal care products, including shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and facial cleansers.

They provide emulsification, foaming, and wetting properties.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used in the formulation of agrochemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, as emulsifiers.
They help in creating emulsifiable concentrates that can be easily mixed with water for application.

In the textile industry, fatty alcohol alkoxylates serve as wetting agents, emulsifiers, and dispersants.
They contribute to the even distribution of dyes and finishes on fabrics.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used in the formulation of paints and coatings to improve dispersion of pigments and enhance the stability of the formulations.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is used in the formulation of metalworking fluids and lubricants to improve emulsification and lubricity.
In the food industry, certain fatty alcohol alkoxylates may be used as emulsifying agents or surface-active agents in food processing applications.
Care must be taken to comply with food safety regulations.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to improve wetting and dispersing properties.
Some types of fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used as anti-foaming agents in industrial processes where foam formation is undesirable.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as softeners in textile finishing processes to impart a soft feel to fabrics.

In the pharmaceutical industry, these surfactants may be used in certain formulations, such as emulsions and creams.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be used in the production of packaging materials, such as films and coatings, to improve their properties.
Beyond basic personal care products, fatty alcohol alkoxylates are utilized in various cosmetic and toiletry formulations, contributing to the stability and sensory characteristics of the products.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used in the formulation of printing inks to disperse pigments and improve the ink's flow properties.
In the printing industry, these surfactants may be added as additives to inks and coatings to enhance their properties, such as adhesion and wetting.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be used as additives in concrete formulations to improve the workability and dispersion of admixtures.

In the pulp and paper industry, these surfactants are employed in various stages of paper production, including as dispersing agents and in the de-inking process.
Certain types of fatty alcohol alkoxylates may find use in the formulation of firefighting foams due to their ability to create stable emulsions.
In the oil and gas industry, fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be used in the formulation of drilling fluids and other oilfield chemicals.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates may be used as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, helping to improve the solubility and stability of certain drug compounds.
These surfactants are utilized in the formulation of anti-corrosion products, where they can enhance the dispersion of corrosion inhibitors.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates may be used in the formulation of coolants and antifreeze products, contributing to their stability and dispersion properties.

In polymer processing, these surfactants may be employed as processing aids to improve the dispersion of additives and fillers.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are used in the formulation of cleansing wipes and towelettes, providing emulsifying and cleaning properties.
In paper recycling processes, fatty alcohol alkoxylates can be used as de-inking agents to facilitate the removal of ink from recycled paper.

These surfactants may be included in the formulation of mold release agents to improve the release of molded products from molds.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are employed as textile auxiliaries to impart specific characteristics to fabrics, such as softness and antistatic properties.
They are used in the formulation of automotive care products, including car shampoos and cleaners, due to their emulsifying and cleaning capabilities.

Fatty alcohol alkoxylates may be used in bioremediation products to enhance the dispersion and solubility of certain remediation agents.
With a growing focus on sustainability, there is ongoing research into the use of eco-friendly fatty alcohol alkoxylates in various formulations.

Human health Profile:
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are not observed to be mutagenic, carcinogenic, or skin sensitizers, nor cause reproductive or developmental effects.
One byproduct of Fatty alcohol alkoxylate is 1,4-dioxane, a possible human carcinogen.
Undiluted Fatty alcohol alkoxylates can cause dermal or eye irritation.

In aqueous solution, the level of irritation is dependent on the concentration.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are considered to have low to moderate toxicity for acute oral exposure, low acute dermal toxicity, and have mild irritation potential for skin and eyes at concentrations found in consumer products.
Recent studies have found dried Fatty alcohol alkoxylate residues similar to what would be found on restaurant dishes (as effective concentrations from 1:10,000 to 1:40,000) killed epithelial intestinal cells at high concentrations.

Lower concentrations made cells more permeable and prone to inflammatory response.
Fatty alcohol alkoxylates may cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact.
Proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling concentrated solutions.

Inhalation of vapors or mists from fatty alcohol alkoxylates may cause respiratory irritation.
Adequate ventilation should be provided in areas where these substances are handled, and respiratory protection may be necessary in certain situations.
Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to certain components of fatty alcohol alkoxylates.

Skin testing and medical advice should be sought if there are concerns about potential sensitization.
While fatty alcohol alkoxylates are generally considered biodegradable, their release into the environment, especially in large quantities, should be managed according to environmental regulations.

The toxicity of fatty alcohol alkoxylates can vary depending on the specific formulation, alkoxyl chain length, and other factors.
While many are designed to be safe for intended uses, exposure to high concentrations may pose risks.

Synonyms:
Alcohols, C12-15-branched and linear, ethoxylated propoxylated
120313-48-6
DTXSID90106121
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohols
Ethoxylated Alkyl Alcohols
Ethoxylated Fatty Alkyls
FAE
Propoxylated Fatty Alcohols
Propoxylated Alkyl Alcohols
Propoxylated Fatty Alkyls
Alkyl Alcohol Ethoxylates
Alkyl Alcohol Propoxylates
Alcohol Ethoxylates and Propoxylates
Alkoxylated Fatty Alcohol Surfactants
Alkoxylated Alkyl Alcohols
PEGylated Fatty Alcohols
Fatty Alcohol PEG Esters

FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE = n-PROPYL ACETATE


CAS Number: 109-60-4
EC Number: 203-686-1
Formula: C5H10O2


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are the non-ionic surfactants which are widely used in washing detergents both domestic and industrial.
These are used as wetting and cleaning agents in cosmetics, agriculture, textile, paper, oil and various other process industries.
However the main application of these ethoxylated alcohols in cosmetics and textile industries is for emulsification and solubilizing agent.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is a bi-product formed from the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols.


In this ethoxylation process the fatty alcohol groups like lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, oleyl cetyl alcohol etc are made to react with ethylene oxide thereby leading to the formation of fatty alcohol ethoxylates like lauryl alcohol ethoxylate, stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, behenyl alcohol ethoxylate etc.
All of these ehtoxylate products vary in physical appearance and have different properties like pour point, cloud point, density, viscosity, and flash point depending on the level of ethoxylation process from which they are formed.


Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate normal propyl acetate (also known as n-propyl acetate or 1-propyl acetate) is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C5H10O2.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is commonly used as a solvent in coatings and printing inks.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is a clear, colourless liquid that has a distinguishable acetate odour.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is highly flammable with a flash point of 14° C and a flammability rating of 3.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is highly miscible with all common organic solvents (alcohols, ketones, glycols, esters) but has only slight miscibility in water.
Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate is a clear liquid substance based on the components Fatty Alcohol (FA) from the oleochemical chain and Ethylene Oxide (EO) from the petrochemical chain.


Industrial ethoxylation is primarily performed upon fatty alcohols in order to generate Fatty alcohol ethoxylates (FAE's), which are a common form of nonionic surfactant (e.g. octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether).
Such alcohols may be obtained by the hydrogenation of fatty acids from seed oils, or by hydroformylation in the Shell higher olefin process.
The reaction proceeds by blowing ethylene oxide through the alcohol at 180 °C and under 1-2 bar of pressure, with potassium hydroxide (KOH) serving as a catalyst.


The process is highly exothermic (ΔH -92 kJ/mol of ethylene oxide reacted) and requires careful control to avoid a potentially disastrous thermal runaway.
ROH + n C2H4O → R(OC2H4)nOH
The starting materials are usually primary alcohols as they tend to react 10–30× faster than do secondary alcohols.


Typically 5-10 units of ethylene oxide are added to each alcohol, however ethoxylated alcohols can be more prone to ethoxylation than the starting alcohol, making the reaction difficult to control and leading to the formation of a product with varying repeat unit length (the value of n in the equation above).
Better control can be afforded by the use of more sophisticated catalysts, which can be used to generate narrow-range ethoxylated.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is expected to witness a significant growth with a CAGR of ~4.2% between 2016 and 2030.
These transparent liquid substance, Fatty alcohol ethoxylated, are made from ethylene oxide and fatty alcohol.
Among all, household and personal care industry are the largest market segments in terms of end use industry.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is expected to witness significant growth with a CAGR of ~4.2% between 2016 and 2030.


On the basis of region, Fatty alcohol ethoxylates market segmentation includes the current and estimate demand for Europe, Latin America, North America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East & Africa.
This segmentation includes demand for separate industries in all the regions, for instance, Asia Pacific has the biggest market for fatty alcohol ethoxylates due to high utilization in household, personal care, and paint & coatings industry, especially in China, India, and Japan.


The production process starts with a homologous series of fatty alcohol compounds typically from lauryl alcohol (C12) to stearyl alcohol (C18).
These compounds are reacted with ethylene oxide, which gives a second homologous series of ethoxylates at the other side of the molecule.
To monitor the quality and composition of the technical product, it is important to have a separation method in hand which is able to separate both homologous series, the fatty alcohol component and the successive series of ethoxylated units.


The only separation technology which can fulfill this requirement is comprehensive 2-dimensional liquid chromatography by the combination of the selectivity of a HILIC and an RP separation.
The other challenge is to find the right detection method because UV detection is not possible due to the lack of UV activities of these compounds.
Typically an Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD) is used for such a class of non-UV active and nonvolatile compounds.


In addition, this is a cost-effective detection method useful for technical quality control.
The broad range of products, which is adapted very individually to your particular requirements, is based on short- to long-chained (C4 to over C20), linear (native and Ziegler), mainly linear (oxo-) and branched (iso-, Guerbet), saturated and unsaturated alcohols, combined with the precise setting of the desired degree of ethoxylation.


Natural fatty alcohols, differs in its distribution of carbon chains and hence can provide different ethoxylated alcohol structures and properties depending on the plant from which they were extracted.
Example of natural fatty alcohols are lauryl alcohol ethoxylates.
Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate normal propyl acetate (also known as n-propyl acetate or 1-propyl acetate) is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C5H10O2.
Ethoxylated alcohols are considered to be a high production volume (HPV) chemical by the US EPA.



USES and APPLICATIONS of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
Cosmetic Uses of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate: perfuming agents, and solvents.
Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate is commonly used as a solvent in coatings and printing inks.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is applied in a wide variety of applications and its function is strongly dependent on the chemical composition.
The Hydrophilic/ Lipophilic Balance (HLB) determines which non-ionic surfactant is best for a certain application.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is used detergents (wetting agents, emulsifiers), personal hygiene products (shampoos, skin softener, foam boosters,

Viscosity builders), leather (degreasing, wetting), fabric paints, and agriculture (emulsifiers, spreading out) all use the HLB value to decide their qualities.
Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylates are used as hard surface cleaner, for sulphonation to Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphates (SLES), detergents, cleaners, dishwashing, personal care e.g. showergel and hairshampoo, cosmetics, leather and textile processing as well as in the area of paints and agriculture.


Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylates (FAE) are non-ionic environmentally friendly and “green” surfactants primarily used in detergents, personal care e.g. for shampoo, as well as for textile and leather processing.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, which is majorly used in detergents, personal care products like shampoo, as well as for textile and leather industry.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is good wetting agent for Suspension concentrate (SC), Soluble Liquid concentrate (SL), Suspoemulsion (SE), Wettable Powder (WP) and Water Dispersible Granules (WG)
On the basis of end use industries, the market is segmented into textiles, agriculture, personal care, household, paper, and others.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is used as an emulsifier and surfactant in the formulation of a variety of bath, eye, facial, hair, cleansing and sunscreen products, as well as cuticle softeners, deodorants and moisturizing products, biodegradable emulsifier for mineral oils and surfactant in production.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are good emulsifiers for different applications and have an excellent eco-toxicological profile (no hazard label needed).
In applications where foam is unwanted, an important advantage over the corresponding fatty alcohol ethoxylates is the reduced foaming power.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylated is used in production of Emulsion Polyvinyl Chloride where their main function is as viscosity depressants in the final extrusion of the article.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates belong to the class of non-ionic surfactants and are used for a large variety of consumer products like cosmetics, cleaners, colors, plant protection, textiles and other industrial applications.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylated is a non-ionic surfactant which are widely used in washing detergents both domestic and industrial.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is a bi-product formed from the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylate is surfactant, which are commonly used as components of cleaning detergents and formulation in the industrial, commercial, and domestic markets.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates find large-scale applications in detergents (wetting agents, emulsifiers, personal hygiene products (shampoos, emollients, foam boosters, Viscosity builders), leather (degreasing, wetting), textile paints and agriculture (emulsifiers, dispersion) process.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
Appearance Form: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -95 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 102 °C - lit.
Flash point 14 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available


Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 8 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1,7 %(V)
Vapor pressure: 33 hPa at 20 °C
Vapor density: 3,53 - (Air = 1.0)
Density: 0,888 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 1,23
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available


Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 24,3 mN/m at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: 3,53 - (Air = 1.0)
Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Specific Gravity: 0.88000 to 0.90000 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.322 to 7.489


Refractive Index: 1.37800 to 1.38800 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -95.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 101.00 to 102.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 32.00 to 33.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Acid Value: 1.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure: 35.223000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 3.5 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 55.00 °F. TCC ( 12.78 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.240
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 18900 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water



FIRST AID MEASURES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection.
Face shield and safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Splash contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,3 mm
Break through time: 110 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
1-acetoxypropane
1-propyl acetate
acetate of propyl
acetic acid normal-propyl ester
acetic acid n-propyl ester
acetic acid propyl ester
acetic acid, 1-propyl ester
acetic acid, propyl ester
normal propyl acetate
n-Propyl acetate
propylethanoate

Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are a clear liquid substance based on the components Fatty Alcohol (FA) from the oleochemical chain and Ethylene Oxide (EO) from the petrochemical chain.


CAS Number: 109-60-4
EC Number: 203-686-1
Formula: C5H10O2



1-acetoxypropane, 1-propyl acetate, acetate of propyl, acetic acid normal-propyl ester, acetic acid n-propyl ester, acetic acid propyl ester, acetic acid, 1-propyl ester, acetic acid, propyl ester, normal propyl acetate, n-Propyl acetate, propylethanoate, C12-C14 Alcohol, Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylates, Polyoxyethylene Alcohol/ Fatty Alcohol Polyglycols Ethers, Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylates, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohols, Fatty Alcohol Polyglycol Ethers, Fatty Alcohol Polyoxyethylene Ethers, Polyethylene Fatty Alcohol Ethers, Fatty Alcohol Polyglycol Ethers,



Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are a clear liquid substance based on the components Fatty Alcohol (FA) from the oleochemical chain and Ethylene Oxide (EO) from the petrochemical chain.
The focus of HELM is on natural based FA produced from palm kernel oil or coconut oil with different carbon chains and EO compositions.


Due to the wide experience in the area of surfactants and the structured supply chain of HELM it is possible to offer a high quality product at competitive prices from different sources/ origins in different kind of packing.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are anionic surfactants derived from natural fatty alcohols.


These anionic surfactants (Ethoxylated lauryl alcohol) are applied in a wide variety of applications and their function is strongly dependent on the chemical composition.
The Hydrophilic/ Lipophilic Balance (HLB) determines which non-ionic surfactant is best for a certain application.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are surfactant, which are commonly used as components of cleaning detergents and formulation in the industrial, commercial, and domestic markets.
Example of natural fatty alcohols are lauryl alcohol ethoxylated.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are non-ionic surfactants produced by adding ethylene oxide (EO) to Linear Fatty Alcohols.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are the non-ionic surfactants which are widely used in washing detergents both domestic and industrial.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as wetting and cleaning agents in cosmetics, agriculture, textile, paper, oil and various other process industries.


However the main application of these ethoxylated alcohols in cosmetics and textile industries is for emulsification and solubilizing agent.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are a bi-product formed from the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols.
In this ethoxylation process the fatty alcohol groups like lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, oleyl cetyl alcohol etc are made to react with ethylene oxide thereby leading to the formation of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates like lauryl alcohol ethoxylate, stearyl alcohol ethoxylate, behenyl alcohol ethoxylate etc.


All of these ehtoxylate products vary in physical appearance and have different properties like pour point, cloud point, density, viscosity, and flash point depending on the level of ethoxylation process from which they are formed.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are a nonionic surfactant that is comprised of different degrees of alcohol ethoxylates obtained from the reaction of lauryl alcohol derived from natural and renewable sources with ethylene oxide (EO).


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are a transparent liquid in form.
Due to its nonionic classification, Fatty alcohol ethoxylates have very good stability to salts, water hardness, solvents, acids and alkalis.
It is an excellent emulsifying agent with detergent properties and there are many advantages for using Fatty alcohol ethoxylates.


For one, Fatty alcohol ethoxylates do not contain nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) which makes it readily biodegradable.
Common applications of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates include personal care, home care and I&I and oil and gas.
The percent active part of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are 90%.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are produced by the reaction of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohol.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates is a non-ionic surfactant.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates's appearance is white to light yellow flake solid.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are easily soluble in water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, etc. with cloud point.
The pH value of 1% aqueous solution of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates is neutral, and the HLB value is 18-19.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates can resist acid, alkali, hard water, heat and heavy metal salt.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates have strong levelness, retarding, permeability and diffusivity for various dyes.
Contrary to negatively charged cleaners (anionic surfactants) and positively charged cleaners (cationics), Fatty alcohol ethoxylates have no charge.
By ethoxylating fatty alcohols (adding an ethoxy group –O-C2H5) an accessible oxygen atom comes available.


The oxygen atom forms so called hydrogen bridges with the water molecules.
This way, without a charge, still a hydrophilic end is added to the fatty alcohol molecule.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates remain non-ionic, and therefore less aggressive in their cleaning.


This explains their mild behaviour.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are characterised by the length of its fat-alcohol chain and by how many ethoxy groups are attached to that chain.
The length of the (dirt dissolving) fatty chain is indicated by the number of C-atoms (“C12-C18” means chains of 12 to 18 C-atoms).


The number of (water binding) ethoxy groups is depicted by the amount of “mol EO”, a measure for the number of molecules Ethylene Oxide.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are ideal for use in liquid detergents.
As they are non-ionics, having no charge, these raw materials result in mild cleaners, such as wool detergents.


The mildest types are those with a linear C-chain (no branches).
These are also optimally broken down biologically.
Just like we, bacteria rather not place their teeth in products with complex 3-dimensional structures.


A “bar” of C-chains is easier consumed.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are nonionic surfactants produced bythe reaction of ethylene oxide (EO) with linear, branched, secondary, or oxo alcohols.
The alcohol structure of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates consists of an alkyl chain ranging from 6-18 Carbon atoms.



USES and APPLICATIONS of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as hard surface cleaner, for sulphonation to Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphates (SLES), detergents, cleaners, dishwashing, personal care e.g. showergel and hairshampoo, cosmetics, leather and textile processing as well as in the area of paints and agriculture.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used Detergents (wetting agents, emulsifiers), personal hygiene products (shampoos, skin softener, foam boosters, Viscosity builders), leather (degreasing, wetting), fabric paints, and agriculture (emulsifiers, spreading out) all use the HLB value to decide their qualities.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates find large-scale applications in detergents (wetting agents, emulsifiers, personal hygiene products (shampoos, emollients, foam boosters, Viscosity builders), leather (degreasing, wetting), textile paints and agriculture (emulsifiers, dispersion) process.
Surfactants: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as raw material for the manufacturer of sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES)


Detergents: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are a base liquid and powder detergents, household cleaning agents, industrial cleaning agents.
Cosmetics & Personal care: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as raw materials in shampoo, body gels and hand cleaners.
Textiles: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as scouring and wetting agents.


Agriculture: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as emulsifiers in herbicides, Insecticides and fertilizers.
Paper: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as wetting agents and improve absorbency.
Rubber: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as stabilizers for rubber.


Paint: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as wetting agents and dispersing agent.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are excellent Oil / water soluble detergents, emulsifier / co - emulsifier, wetting / cleaning & dispersing agents, intermediate for suphation and find application in various industries such as Textile, Detergent, Agrochemical, Emulsion, personel care, Emulsion Polymerisation & Paints.


Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are most commonly used in the formulation of paints and coatings, textile and paper processing aids, and various household, industrial and institutional products.
Leather: Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used as degreasing and tanning agents.

Four factors determine the physical and chemical properties of these surfactants: carbon chain length, carbon chain structure, degree of ethoxylation, and hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB).
As these attributes change, the physical and chemical attributes of the surfactants change.


There are many different options to choose from within this group of products.
Each Fernol Fatty alcohol ethoxylates has a different level of wetting and emulsifying capability.
Key applications of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates: Leather processing, Cleaning products, Agricultural, Cosmetic products, Paint and Coatings, and Rubber.


End-use applications of Fatty alcohol ethoxylates include hand dish washing liquids, shampoos, soaps, shower gels, foaming control agents, textile applications and specialty surfactants.
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates can be used together with various surfactants and dyes.



PROPERTIES AND USES OF FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
1. Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are colorless transparent liquid or white cream.
2. Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are soluble in water and many kinds of organic solvents.
3. Fatty alcohol ethoxylates have good emulsification, dispersion, moisturing and decontamination capacity; Resistant to acid and alkali; Can be used to produce emulsifier, defoamer, solutizer and degreaser.



BENEFITS OF FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
*Superior wetting
*Excellent oily soil removal
*Rapid dissolution and good rinsibility
*Low odour
*Excellent formulation and handling properties
*Readily biodegradable



FEATURES OF LINEAR FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES ARE:
*Mild cleaners (wool, face, hands)
*Emulsifying (avoid sagging of other ingredients, such as fragrances and colourants in the end product)
*Dissolving (hydrophobic ingredients are kept in solution by Fatty alcohol ethoxylates in a water based end product)
*Wetting of surfaces (so the cleaning job by the end product becomes more effective, or by enhancing the moisturizing job of skin and hair –conditioner-cosmetics)
*Fatty alcohol ethoxylates are stable up to 130oC and within a broad pH range.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 8 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 1,7 %(V)
Vapor pressure: 33 hPa at 20 °C
Vapor density: 3,53 - (Air = 1.0)
Density: 0,888 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Water solubility: soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 1,23
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Refractive Index: 1.37800 to 1.38800 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -95.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 101.00 to 102.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Boiling Point: 32.00 to 33.00 °C. @ 50.00 mm Hg
Acid Value: 1.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure: 35.223000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 3.5 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 55.00 °F. TCC ( 12.78 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.240
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 18900 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
Appearance Form: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Odor Threshold: No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -95 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 102 °C - lit.
Flash point 14 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 24,3 mN/m at 20 °C
Relative vapor density: 3,53 - (Air = 1.0)
Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Specific Gravity: 0.88000 to 0.90000 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.322 to 7.489



FIRST AID MEASURES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection.
Face shield and safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Splash contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,3 mm
Break through time: 110 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of FATTY ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Fatty Amine Polyoxyethylene Ether; cas no:266345-92-7

DESCRIPTION:
In chemistry, a fatty amine is loosely defined as any amine possessing a mostly linear hydrocarbon chain of eight or more carbon atoms.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylates are typically prepared from the more abundant fatty acids, with vegetable or seed-oils being the ultimate starting material.
As such they are often mixtures of chain lengths, ranging up to about C22.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate can be classified as oleochemicals.
Commercially important members include coco amine, oleylamine, tallow amine, and soya amine.

These compounds and their derivatives are used as fabric softeners, froth flotation agents (purification of ores), corrosion inhibitors, lubricants and friction modifiers.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is also the basis for a variety of cosmetic formulations.

Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is nonionic surfactants resulting from the reaction of alkylamines with ethylene oxide.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate plays an important role in the Oil & Gas, Crop Solutions, and textile processing markets.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate acts as solubilizers, wetting agents, anti-corrosives, and adjuvants.

Fatty Amine Ethoxylate category include oleyl amine ethoxylates and coco amine ethoxylates, and are marketed under the AMINOX series.





Depending on the degree of ethoxylation, the manufacturing conditions and the pH adjustment, ethoxylates based on primary amines display, to a more or less pronounced extent, the characteristics of cationic surfactans.

The affinity to various different surfaces that tend to be anionics is particularly high, a property which can be utilised beneficially in the textile and leather processing industries, but also in metal treatment (antistatics, improved grip, hydrophobing, etc.).
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate and the alkylpropylene diamine ethoxylates which we supply can also be used as emulsifieres, for example in the processing of mineral oil and bitumen.

Generally derived from linoleic acid, fatty amine ethoxylates have many applications.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate can be used as solvent-removable detergents and can also be a penetrant and lubricant.
Other applications include paper making and paint.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylates are non-toxic and have good flame-retardant properties.

Typical uses for fatty amine ethoxylates include wetting and scattering agents, sanitisers, anticorrosion agents, and lubricants.
Fatty amine ethoxylates are used in a wide range of industries including the food, beverage, and healthcare industries.

The primary fatty amine is used as a cationic and amphoteric surfactant.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is also used as a corrosion inhibitor and a release agent for moulded rubber parts.
Its secondary form is used as a lubricant, anti-caking agent, and fuel additives.
Fatty amine ethoxylates are produced by hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty nitriles and are more water-dispersible.

As a corrosion inhibitor, fatty amine thioesters can prevent iron corrosion by providing a sulfur-containing ethoxylated polyolefin.
This thiocyanate is used to protect ferrous metals in severe environments such as acidic, salty, and high-temperature environments.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATE:
Storage: Room Temperature
Smell: Sharp
Density: 0.86 ~ 0.95 Gram per cubic meter (g/m3)
Purity: 98 %
Product Type: ACID THICKENER
Appearance: yellow to reddish viscous liquid
Grade: acid thickener
Physical Form: Liquid
Ingredients: fatty amine
Ph Level: 8 ~ 10
Melting Point: 15 C
Solubility: water
Shelf Life: 1-3 Years
Usage:
Formulation Suggestions for Toilet cleaner Water :- 65.5%
Shivcide7030( AT) :- 2.5%
HCL 32 % :- 30 %
Biocide shiv30 :- 2 %
Pefume :- 0.1%
Colour :- 0.1%
Properties: Fatty amine ethoxylate yellow to reddish viscous liquid


USAGE OF FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATE:
Fatty amine ethoxylates are used in numerous industries and applications.
The fatty amine ethoxylates are derived from coconut, stearyl, tallow, and oleyl amines.
The pH-dependent cationic or nonionic charge property and their varying levels of ethoxylation provides a wide range of properties, allowing for great formulation latitude.

Fatty amine ethoxylates can be great in detergents and they show excellent solvency, low foam properties, and chemical stability.
Fatty amine ethoxylates can also be used as emulsifying agents, wetting agents, dispersants, stabilizers, sanitizers and defoaming agents.
Their end use applications include agrochemical emulsifiers, personal care emulsifiers, industrial cleaners, metal cleaners, anti-stats in textiles, paper de-inking, and drilling products

Fatty Amine Ethoxylate finds application as dye levelling and wetting agents in textile formulations and detergents.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is also used as emulsifiers in pesticide formulations.

Fatty amine ethoxylates are nonionic surfactants used as wetting and dispersing agents, stabilizers, sanitizers and defoaming agents in various industries like textile, paper, drilling, chemical, paint, metal etc.
The fatty amine ethoxylates are used as emulsifiers and can also be employed in formulation of emulsifier blends.
Fatty amine ethoxylates play an important role as emulsifiers in agrochemical industries, cleaners in industrial processes especially in metal industry, oil field chemicals, fabric softeners, petroleum additives and for applications in textile and leather processing, paper de-inking, mining & drilling.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylates are used in detergents, textile compositions, oil field chemicals, and pesticide preparations, as wetting and colour levelling compounds.

Fatty Amine Ethoxylates like Tallow Amine Ethoxylate, Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate, Coco Amine Ethoxylate, Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate and Tallow Di Amine Ethoxylate having various ranges of applications in different industries like paint, automotive, agrochemical, Pharmaceutical, emulsion polymerization, and others.


HOW ARE FATTY AMINES ETHOXYLATES FORMULATED?
Production of fatty amines ethoxylate products takes place when the amines like amino acids, tallow amines, oleyl amine, coco amine, stearyl amines etc are made to react with ethylene oxide in presence of a catalyst in ethoxylation process.
Fatty amines are nitrogen derivatives of fatty acids, olefins, or alcohols prepared from natural sources, fats and oils, or petrochemical raw materials.
The commercially available fatty amines are prepared by either distillation of fatty acids or when fatty alcohols are reacted with ammonia or primary, secondary amines.



TYPES OF FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATES:
Some of the popular forms of ethoxylated amines widely used in industrial processes include the tallow amines, coco amines, stearyl amines and oleyl amines.

The popular product used for soaps, leather dressings, candles, food, and lubricant applications in industries, tallow amine ethoxylate is derived from ethoxylation of tallow amine which is prepared from tallow, a hard fat usually extracted from fatty deposits of animals.
Tallow consists chiefly of glyceryl esters of oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids.

The oleyl amine ethoxylates are best used in textile applications.
With high affinity for surfaces these products are good for coating applications and as such are used for coating cloth, yarn etc.
They are good emulsifiers and are used in many cleaning and detergent formulations due to their antistatic behaviour and dispersing abilities.

In the similar way stearyl amine ethoxylates and coco amine ethoxylates are the two other widely used industrial surfactant products employed in different forms for various applications in diverse industries.



Tallow Amine Ethoxylate:
The composition of a tallow amine ethoxylate cream is usually a mixture of about 1:2 tallow: coconut oil and a small amount of tallow-amine.
The mixture is a surfactant that stabilizes the interaction of concentrated mineral acids with organic compounds.
Tallow Amine Ethoxylate has been used in cosmetics and personal care products for decades.


Properties & Applications of Tallow Amine Ethoxylate:
The composition of glyphosate-adjuvant cream includes a combination of a tallow-amine ethoxylate and coco-amine ethoxylate in a concentration of at least 25 wt%.
Tallow Amine Ethoxylate is particularly useful for treating rashes and it is derived from coco-oil.
Its efficacy is improved by ensuring that glyphosate is released at a higher rate in the skin after the application of the cream.

Tallow ethoxylate cream contains a non-ionic surfactant, TOMODOL 1-5, a linear C1-11 alkyl group (H23C11O5H) 5-OH.
In addition to TOMODOL, other non-ionic surfactants used in cosmetics creams are alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers and crop oil concentrates.
Other common ingredients are alkyl phosphates, fatty acid ethoxylates, and block copolymers.


Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate:
Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate is an ethoxylic acid, with a range of uses.
SAA is produced by Pharcos Speciality Ltd an exporter of Fatty Amine Ethoxylate.
The amine value of Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate is between 152-162.

Applications of Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate:
The production of fatty amine ethoxylates is a common process that produces several useful chemicals.
Fatty amines, which are derived from tallow and coco amine, are used as wetting agents and dyeing agents in textile processes.
Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate is a versatile surfactant with several uses.
In addition to textiles, Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate is used in cleaning and agrochemical products.
Stearyl Amine Ethoxylate is used to prevent corrosion, disperse emulsification, and reduce foaming.


EOs are nonionic surfactants that act as wetting agents, dispersing agents, stabilizers, and sanitisers. Their ability to disperse liquids is what makes them so useful in many applications.
In addition to textile processing, fatty amine ethoxylates are also used as petroleum additives and as fabric softeners.
This versatile ingredient is a key ingredient in many different products, including the detergent and cosmetics industries.

Coco Amine Ethoxylate:
Fatty amine ethoxylates are a class of non-ionic surfactants that exhibit exceptional surface wetting properties.
The unique properties of these ethoxylates make them an important component of most cleaning agents and other products.
As a result, they are used in a variety of commercial applications, including in the chemical industry and fabric enterprise.


Features & Applications of Coco Amine Ethoxylate:
Typically, they are liquids with different amounts of amines and different pH values.
Many of these products are custom-formulated to fit unique commercial packages.
Some are used in sanitizing agents, while others have a broad range of applications in household products and detergents.

EO is used to improve the performance of a quaternary formulation.
While coco amine is less effective, amidopropyl dimethylamines (C8-10) are more efficient coupling agents.
These surfactants are an excellent substitute for coco amine ethoxylate, especially in high-load formulations.
Further, unlike cocoamine, amidoalkylamines do not produce any undesirable side effects in the formulation.

Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate:
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is a type of nonionic surfactant that is widely used as a wetting and dispersing agent.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate has many applications in various industries, including textile processing, petroleum additives, and paper de-inking.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is a non-flammable, water-soluble liquid.
Oleyl amine is a common chemical ingredient found in many household cleaners and cleaning products.

Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is also called fatty amine ethoxylate.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is a fatty hydrocarbon whose structure is similar to that of water.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is one of the primary uses of fatty amine ethoxylates, which are sold as a variety of chemicals.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is a nonionic surfactant and is used in textile and refinery industries.

Properties & Applications of Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate:
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is produced by a chemical reaction between cocoamine and ethylene oxide. This chemical is widely used in paint and coating applications and is a key ingredient in cosmetic waxes.
Oleyl amine ethoxylate developed by Pharcos Speciality an exporter of fatty amine Ethoxylates adheres to defined industry norms and protocols.
These qualities make it an excellent cleaning seller.

Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate has a range of ethoxylation degrees.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate is somewhat dispersible at room temperature.
Oleyl Amine Ethoxylate forms a clear solution when mixed with water.
The recommended working temperature is 50-60degC.

Tallow Di Amine Ethoxylate:
The chemical substance Tallow Di Amine Ethoxylate is a petroleum derivative.
Tallow Di Amine Ethoxylate can be found in many pharmaceutical products, including shampoos, candles, and soaps.

Applications & Properties of Tallow Di Amine Ethoxylate:
As a exporter of Fatty amine Ethoxylates, these are widely used in cosmetics and sanitary products. Their surface activity enables them to improve grip and hydrophobicity.
Furthermore, they are used in the manufacture of textile auxiliaries and mineral oils.
Tallow amine ethoxylates can be used alone or in combination with other types of surfactants.
This chemical additive is indifferent to hard water and is compatible with most cationic and nonionic surfactants.

Fatty amine ethoxylates are produced by reacting the fatty amine with ethylene oxide.
The resulting chemical is dihydric alcohol with a hydrophobic tail.
Fatty amine ethoxylates are also hydrophilic and can be quaternized.
Fatty amine ethoxylates are highly effective in detergents and other formulations requiring nonionic surfactants.
Fatty amine ethoxylates are highly miscible and stable in acidic and alkaline solutions.



PRODUCTION AND REACTIONS OF FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATE:
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is commonly prepared from fatty acids; which are themselves obtained from natural sources, typically seed-oils.
The overall reaction is sometimes referred to as the Nitrile Process and begins with a reaction between the fatty acid and ammonia at high temperature (>250 °C) and in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst (e.g., alumina or zinc oxide) to give the fatty nitrile.

RCOOH + NH3 → RC≡N + 2 H2O
The fatty amine is obtained from this by hydrogenation with any of a number of reagents, including Raney nickel or cobalt, and copper chromite catalysts.
When conducted in the presence of excess ammonia the hydrogenation affords the primary amines.

RCN + 2 H2 → RCH2NH2
In the absence of ammonia, secondary and tertiary amines are produced.

2 RCN + 4 H2 → (RCH2)2NH + NH3
3 RCN + 6 H2 → (RCH2)3N + 2 NH3
Fatty secondary and tertiary amines:
Alternatively, secondary and tertiary fatty amines can be generated by the reaction of fatty alcohols and fatty alkyl bromides with (di)alkylamines.
For example 1-bromododecane reacts with dimethyl amine:

RBr + HNMe2 → RNMe2 + HBr
By reaction with tertiary amines, long-chain alkyl bromides give quaternary ammonium salts, which are used as phase transfer catalysts.

Secondary and tertiary amines may also be produced by the Leuckart reaction.
This reaction effects N-methylation using formaldehyde with formic acid as the reductant.
These tertiary amines are precursors to quaternary ammonium salts used for a variety of applications.


APPLICATIONS AND DERIVATIVES OF FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATE:
The main application of Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is for the production of the corresponding quaternary ammonium salts, which is used as fabric softeners and hair conditioners (e.g. Behentrimonium chloride).
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is also used in froth flotation, for the beneficiation of various ores.
The amines bind to the surfaces of certain minerals allowing them to be readily separated from those lacking the bound amine.
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is also additives in the production of asphalt.






BENEFITS OF FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATE:
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is Insensitive to water hardness
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate Can be combined with all types at nonionic and cationic surfactants
Fatty Amine Ethoxylate is Resistant to most chemicals at typical concentrations used.




SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT FATTY AMINE ETHOXYLATE:

First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

SYNONYMS Ammonium Iron(III) Citrate; Ammonium ferric citrate; Iron ammonium citrate; 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic Acid, Ammonium Iron (3+) Salt; Prothoate+; Iron (II) ammonium citrate; Cas no: 1185-57-5

FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is an additional compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic and water-soluble solid.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate provides a stable source of alkaline hydrogen peroxide which is environmentally friendly and easy to use.


CAS Number: 15630-89-4
EC Number: 239-707-6
MDL number: MFCD00043204
Molecular Formula: 2Na2CO3 • 3H2O2


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate, or sodium carbonate peroxide is a chemical substance with formula Na2H3CO6.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is an adduct of sodium carbonate ("soda ash" or "washing soda") and hydrogen peroxide (that is, a perhydrate) whose formula is more properly written as 2 Na2CO3 · 3 H2O2.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is an additional compound of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is sometimes abbreviated as SPC.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate contains 32.5% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate provides a stable source of alkaline hydrogen peroxide that is ecologically responsible and easy to use.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is a multifunctional reagent for preparing optically active 4-hydroxy-2-isoxazolines.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is also known as sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate or oxygen bleach.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate comes in the form of granulated, coated, white powder.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is also a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic, water-soluble solid with an active available oxygen content (13%), corresponding to 27.5% hydrogen peroxide.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate contains carbonate anion.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate does not contain phosphorus or nitrogen.
When dissolved in water, FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate produces a mixture of hydrogen peroxide (which eventually decomposes into water and oxygen) and sodium carbonate ("soda ash").


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is a natural oxygen bleach and an ingredient in many home cleaning and laundry products.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate appears as a colorless, crystalline solid. FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is denser than water.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate may combust in contact with organic materials.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is a strong oxidizing agent that may combust on contact with organic substances.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is decomposed by water.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is an addition product of hydrogen peroxide and sodium carbonate.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate dissociates into hydrogen peroxide, carbonate, and sodium ions on contact with body fluids (all found naturally in the human body).
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 tonnes per annum.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is a white granular product that provides a stable source of alkaline hydrogen peroxide which is environmentally friendly and easy to use.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has an active available oxygen content which is equivalent to 27.5% H2O2.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate offers many of the same functional benefits as liquid hydrogen peroxide.
As an oxidant, FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate provides powerful cleaning, bleaching, stain removal and deodorizing capabilities.
These attributes make FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate a product that is environmentally benign because its products of decomposition are water, oxygen and soda ash.



USES and APPLICATIONS of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, cosmetics and personal care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), water softeners and water treatment chemicals.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, pH regulators and water treatment products, water treatment chemicals, cosmetics and personal care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, metal working fluids, textile treatment products and dyes and water softeners.


Other release to the environment of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur.
Other release to the environment of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use as reactive substance.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the following products: biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, metal working fluids, textile treatment products and dyes, washing & cleaning products, water softeners, water treatment chemicals and cosmetics and personal care products.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, pH regulators and water treatment products, metal working fluids, textile treatment products and dyes, water softeners, water treatment chemicals and cosmetics and personal care products.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and scientific research and development.
Release to the environment of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used for the manufacture of: plastic products.
Release to the environment of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and formulation of mixtures.


Release to the environment of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
End Use of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate: Algaecide, Bleach, Carpet Cleaners, Cosmetics, Denture Cleaner, Dishwash Detergents, Pulp & Paper, Scouring Powder, Stain Removers, Swimming Pool, Teeth Whitening, Textile Bleaching, Toothpaste, Wood Deck Bleaching.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has an active available oxygen content that is equivalent to 27.5% H2O2.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in some eco-friendly bleaches and other cleaning products
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used to make other chemicals.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has a strong bleaching effect and thus removes stains and discolourations reliably.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used for conventional use, add one tablespoon (approx. 20 g - 25 g) of bleach to teh washing cycle.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used for more stubborn stains, mix the bleach with a little water and apply directly to the stain.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is added to the laundry cycle as usual.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used to make other chemicals.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used mainly as a bleaching agent in household laundry detergents and additives and dishwashing machine products.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is also used in other consumer cleaning products, dental care products, and for the preservation of raw milk.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used as an algaecide and fungicide for ornamentals, turf grasses, landscapes, commercial greenhouses, garden centers, nurseries, and storage areas.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is permitted for use as an inert ingredient in non-food pesticide products.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate can be used in organic synthesis as a convenient source of anhydrous H2O2, in particular in solvents that cannot dissolve the carbonate but can leach the H2O2 out of it.


A method for generating trifluoroperacetic acid in situ for use in Baeyer–Villiger oxidations from sodium percarbonate and trifluoroacetic anhydride has been reported.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate provides a convenient and cheap approach to this reagent without the need to obtain highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is applied in the formulation of laundary products and many other detergents.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate can provide effective cleaning, bleaching, stain removal capabilities and is environmentally compatible.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is broadly used in the formulation of oxygenated powder laubdary products.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has major applications in heavy duty laundary detergents, all-fabric, paper and pulp, textile and dyeing bleaches, Vat Dye Oxidation and Carpet Cleaners.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is also used in the preparation of disinfectants and used as oxygen generator in fish raising industry and for medical emergency.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used heavy duty laundary detergents, all-fabric, paper and pulp, textile and dyeing bleaches, Vat Dye Oxidation and Carpet Cleaner
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in some eco-friendly cleaning products and as a laboratory source of anhydrous hydrogen peroxide.


Applications of FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate in the textile, laboratory and water treatment industries.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has a wide range of applications including use in heavy-duty laundry detergents, allfabric bleaches, wood deck bleaches, textile bleaches and carpet cleaners.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has no registered food uses.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in a number of general cleaning products in the institutional and industrial marketplace.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate also has used in personal care formulations, denture cleaners and certain food bleaching applications.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate has a wide range of applications including use in heavy duty laundry detergents, all fabric bleaches, wood deck bleaches, textile bleaches and carpet cleaners.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in a number of general cleaning products in the Institutional and Industrial marketplace.


FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate also has use in personal care formulations, denture cleaners, and certain food bleaching applications.
FB 400 Sodium Percarbonate is used in the textile industry as bleaching lotion, reduction chromogenic agent, can also be alone as a sanitizer antistaling agent, in addition to flavor agent, milk and so on.



FEATURES OF FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
*suitable for coloured and white garments
*removes stains and discolourations
*eliminates and prevents the formation of a gray film
*very good disinfecting effect
*particularly effective and efficient



FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES OF FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
*Perfect bleaching agent
*Disinfecting effect
*May be used with temperatures as low as 30 °C
*Efficient



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
Physical state: solid
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 140 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: 2,01 at 20,4 °C
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available

CAS No.: 15630-89-4
UN No.: 3378
Molecular Formula: CH2O3.3/2H2O2.2Na
InChIKeys: InChIKey=ZWGNLOMJTJIUPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 314.02100
Exact Mass: 313.94500
EC Number: 239-707-6
PSA: 247.76000
XLogP3: -4.84180
Appearance: Free flowing white granular powder
Density: 0.90 g/cm3 (20ºC)
Melting Point: No melting point; decomposes at >50 °C
Boiling Point: 333.6ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 169.8ºC
Water Solubility: Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 14 (good)
Vapor Pressure: 2.58E-05mmHg at 25°C
Air and Water Reactions: Soluble in water.
Reactive Group: Salts, Basic
Appearance: White, good fluidity
Active Oxygen(O): ≥ 13.5%
Iron(Fe)(%): ≤ 0.0015 %

Moisture（%）: ≤2.0%
Bulk Density，g/l: 700-1100
PH value(3%water solution，20℃): ≥10~~11
Molecular Weight: 314.02 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 6
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 12
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 313.94500275 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 313.94500275 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 248Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 18
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 18.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 9
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



FIRST AID MEASURES of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Away from combustible materials and sources of ignition and heat.
Do not store near combustible materials.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of FB 400 SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Sodium Percarbonate
Sodium Carbonate Peroxide, PCS
Carbonic acid disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide(2:3)
Disodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Carbonic acid sodium salt (1:2), compd. with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (2:3)
Carbonic acid disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (2:3)
Carbonic acid, disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), compd. with disodium carbonate (3:2)
Hydrogen peroxide, compd. with disodium carbonate (3:2)
BIOXY S
BIOXY S NEW
Disodium carbonate compd. with hydrogen peroxide (Na2CO3.1.5 H2O2)
Disodium carbonate sesquiperoxide
Disodium carbonate-hydrogen peroxide compd. (2:3)
ECOX-C
FB 100
FB 100 (percarbonate)
FB 400
FB Sodium Percarbonate
IPC 14FR
KCPZ-S
OxiClean
Oxyper
Oxyper FB 400C
Oxyper Grade FB 400C
Oxyper S 131
Oxyper S 142
Oxyper SHC
PC-F
PC-NB
PC-P
PC-P (percarbonate)
PC-PHAS
PC-W
Percarbonate Q 30
Perdox
Peroxy sodium carbonate
Phycomycin SCP
Provos S
Provox C
SPC-D
SPC-D (peroxide)
SPC-ED
SPC-HGD
SPC-Q 1
SPC-Q 2
SPC-Q 3
SPC-Q 4
SPC-Z
SPCC
SPCC 8J
SPD-ED, Sodium carbonate peroxide, Sodium carbonate sesquiperoxide (2Na2CO3.3H2O2)
Sodium percarbonate, Sodium percarbonate (Na2CO3.1.5H2O2)
Carbonic acid disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
disodium carbonate, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Carbonic acid, disodium salt, compound with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (2:3)
CARBONIC ACID DISODIUM SALT
COMPOUND, WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, SODIUM CARBONATE PEROXYHYDRATE
Disodium carbonate compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
disodium carbonate-hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Sodium carbonate peroxohydrate, Sodium percarbonate
Disodium peroxidicarbonate
Sodium peroxydicarbonate
Dinatriumcarbonat
Verbindung mit Hydrogenperoxid (2:3)
Natriumperoxocarbonat
Natriumcarbonatperoxyhydrat, Natriumpercarbonat
sodium percarbonate
SODIUM PERCARBONATE POWDER
SODIUM PERCARBONATE GRANULAR
OXYPER SCS
Sodium carbonate peroxide
Disodium carbonate, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Sodium percarbonate
15630-89-4
Oxyper
Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate
Sodium carbonate peroxide
Perdox
FB Sodium percarbonate
Peroxy sodium carbonate
Z7G82NV92P
EINECS 239-707-6
tetrasodium;hydrogen peroxide;dicarbonate
UNII-Z7G82NV92P
Disodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
PEROXODICARBONATE DISODIUM
HSDB 8161
Disodium carbonate, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
EC 239-707-6
SODIUM PERCARBONATE (MART.)
SODIUM PERCARBONATE [MART.]
ECOX-C
Sodium percarbonate, CP
SODIUM PERCARBONATES
Sodium Percarbonate (Coated)
Sodium Percarbonate (Uncoated)
DTXSID3029736
CH2O3.3/2H2O2.2Na
NA2467
SODIUM PERCARBONATE [WHO-DD]
C-H2-O3.3/2H2-O2.2Na
DISODIUM CARBONATE SESQUIPEROXIDE
SODIUM CARBONATE PEROXIDE [INCI]
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 128860
LS-51985
PEROXODICARBONATE DISODIUM [WHO-DD]
disodium carbonate hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
FT-0688134
Sodium percarbonate, avail. H2O2 20-30 %
SODIUM PERCARBONATE (NA2CO3.1.5H2O2)
Q420070
SODIUM CARBONATE SESQUIPEROXIDE (2NA2CO3.3H2O2)
DISODIUM CARBONATE COMPOUND WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (2:3)
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE, COMPOUND WITH DISODIUM CARBONATE (3:2)
CARBONIC ACID DISODIUM SALT, COMPOUND WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (2:3)
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (H2O2), COMPOUND WITH DISODIUM CARBONATE (3:2)
DISODIUM CARBONATE COMPOUND WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (NA2CO3.1.5 H2O2)
Carbonic acid, disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Disodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
FB Sodium Percarbonate
Oxyper
Perdox
Peroxy sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate peroxide
Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate
Carbonic acid sodium salt (1:2), compd. with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (2:3)
Disodium carbonate, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Carbonic acid disodium salt, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Disodium carbonate sesquiperoxide
Ecox-C
Hydrogen peroxide, compound with disodium carbonate (3:2)
Sodium percarbonates
Percarbonate
PCS
Hydrogen peroxide sodium carbonate adduct
UN3378
SPC-Q 1, SPC-Q 4
SPC-Q 2, Oxyper, ECOX-C
FB Sodium Percarbonate
Perdox
Carbonic acid disodium salt, compounds, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
SPC-Q 3
Natriumpercarbonat, nicht gecoated
disodium carbonate, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2:3)
Hydrogen peroxide sodium carbonate adduct
sodium carbonate—hydrogen peroxide (2/3)
Sodium carbonate peroxide
sodium carbonate sesquiperhydrate
PCS
SPC, solid hydrogen peroxide
Sodium carbonate hydrogen peroxide
sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate

Fenofibrate; 2-(4-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid 1-methylethyl ester; Ankebin; Elasterate; Elasterin; Fenobrate; Fenofibrato; Fenofibratum; Isopropyl (4'-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-2-phenoxy-2-methyl)propionate; Isopropyl 2-(4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropionate; Isopropyl 2-(p-(p-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropionate; Procetofen; Proctofene; Protolipan; Sedufen; Tricor; Triglide; Propan-2-yl 2-(4-((4-chlorophenyl)carbonyl)phenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate; cas no: 49562-28-9

Su ve yağ fazını birarada içeren emülsiyonlarda her iki fazıda korur. El kremleri, Vücut sütleri, Biryantin (%0.3-1.3)

Her türlü kozmetik, jel ve kremlerde kullanılan geniş spektrumlu koruyucu. Cilt bakımı, şampuan, Kremler, Islak mendil, Deterjanlar (%0.05-0.2)

Kozmetik ve kişisel bakım ürünlerinde kullanılan geniş spektrumlu antimikrobiyel koruyucu. Yüksek sıcaklık pH:3-8 arasında etkilidir. Kozmetik ürünlerinde (%0.3-1)

Fentin hydroxide is an organotin compound with formula Sn(C6H5)3OH, used as a fungicide for potatoes, sugar beets, and pecans.
Fentin hydroxide has an acid dissociation constant of pKa = 5.20, and is expected to have very low mobility within soil.
Fentin hydroxide has low solubility in water and binds strongly to soil.

CAS Number: 76-87-9
EC Number: 200-990-6
Chemical formula: C18H16OSn
Molar mass: 367.035 g·mol−1

Synonyms: Triphenyltin hydroxide, FENTIN HYDROXIDE, Triphenylstannanol, Fentin, 76-87-9, Tptoh, Vancide ks, Hydroxytriphenyltin, Hydroxytriphenylstannane, Erithane, Fenolovo, Tenhide, Stannane, hydroxytriphenyl-, Duter extra, Triphenyltin oxide, Dowco 186, Du-Ter, Suzu H, Haitin, Stannol, triphenyl-, Fintin hydroxid, TPTH, Fintin hydroxyde, Fintin idrossido, Phenostat-H, Sunitron H, Fintine hydroxyde, Tin, hydroxytriphenyl-, Du-Ter W-50, Trifenyl-tinhydroxyde, Triphenyl-zinnhydroxid, Flo-Tin 4L, Triphenylstannium hydroxide, NCI-C00260, Hydroxyde de triphenyl-etain, Idrossido di stagno trifenile, ENT 28009, Trifenylstanniumhydroxid, K 19, OMS 1017, NSC 113243, K19, Tpth Technical, Du-Ter Fungicide, Triple Tin 4l, Vito Spot Fungicide, Flo Tin 4l, Du-Tur Flowable-30, Caswell No. 896E, Duter, Fentin hydroxide, Ida, Imc Flo-Tin 4L, Fintin hydroxid, Fintin hydroxyde, Fintine hydroxide, Triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide, Du-Ter PB-47 Fungicide, Fintin idrossido, Fintine hydroxide, Fintine hydroxyde, CCRIS 612, Triphenyltinhydroxide, Trifenyl-tinhydroxyde, Brestan H 47.5 WP fungicide, Triphenyl-zinnhydroxid, Trifenylstanniumhydroxid, Du-Ter Fungicide Wettable Powder, HSDB 1784, K 19 (VAN), EINECS 200-990-6, Hydroxyde de triphenyl-etain, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 083601, Wesley Technical Triphenyltin Hydroxide, C18H16OSn, BRN 4139186, Haitin WP 20 (fentin hydroxide 20%), Haitin WP 60 (fentin hydroxide 60%), Idrossido di stagno trifenile, Super Tin 4L Gardian Flowable Fungicide, Farmatin, Ashlade flotin, AI3-28009, Fentin-hydroxide, Super-tin, Sn(OH)Ph3, fentin hydroxide (ISO), hydroxy(triphenyl)stannane, DSSTox_CID_1409, [Sn(OH)Ph3], triphenylstannylium hydroxide, DSSTox_RID_76145, WLN: Q-SN-R&R&R, DSSTox_GSID_21409, SCHEMBL70052, triphenylstannanylium;hydroxide, DTXSID1021409, CHEBI:30473, Tox21_300754, MFCD00013928, NSC113243, AKOS015960675, ZINC169876287, NSC-113243, CAS-76-87-9, NCGC00163909-01, NCGC00163909-02, NCGC00163909-03, NCGC00163909-04, NCGC00254659-01, O595, C18729, Fentin hydroxide, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, Q7843285

Fentin hydroxide is an organotin compound with formula Sn(C6H5)3OH.
Fentin hydroxide is used as a fungicide for potatoes, sugar beets, and pecans.

Fentin hydroxide was first registered for use as a pesticide in the United States in 1971.
Fentin hydroxide is a non-systemic foliar fungicide used to control early and late blight on potatoes, leaf spot on sugar beets, and select fungal diseases on pecans.

Fentin hydroxide also exhibits anti-feeding properties for some surface-feeding insects (e.g., Colorado potato beetle).
Fentin hydroxide is a restricted use pesticide (RUP) and is only registered for use on these three crops.

There are no residential, public health, or other non-food uses of Fentin hydroxide.
In 2017, over 200,000 pounds of this active ingredient were sold in Minnesota.

Fentin hydroxide is an odorless white powder.
Fentin hydroxide is stable at room temperature.

Fentin hydroxide's melting point 121-123°C.
Fentin hydroxide moderately soluble in most organic solvents.

Fentin hydroxide is insoluble in water.
Fentin hydroxide is non corrosive.
Fentin hydroxide is used as a fungicide.

Triphentin hydroxide is an organotin compound that is triphenylstannane in which the hydrogen attached to tin is replaced by a hydroxy group.
Fentin hydroxide used to control a variety of infections including blight on potatoes, leaf spot on sugar beet and alternaria blight on carrots.

Fentin hydroxide has a role as an acaricide and an antifungal agrochemical.
Fentin hydroxide is an organotin compound and a member of hydroxides.
Fentin hydroxide derives from a triphenylstannane.

Fentin hydroxide inhibits oxidative phosphorylation (respiration) and fungal growth.
Fentin hydroxide is a Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) code 30 fungicide which inhibits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase preventing the production of ATP by cell mitochondria.

Fentin hydroxide is an organotin compound with formula Sn(C6H5)3OH.
Fentin hydroxide is used as a fungicide for potatoes, sugar beets, and pecans.
Fentin hydroxide was first registered for use as a pesticide in the United States in 1971.

Fentin hydroxide has low solubility in water and binds strongly to soil.
Therefore, Fentin hydroxide is not expected to leach to groundwater; however, Fentin hydroxide may reach surface water through spray drift and surface run-off.

To protect nontarget organisms, product labels include application setbacks from surface waters such as rivers, streams, ponds, and lakes of 100 feet for ground boom sprayers and 300 feet for aerial applications.
Fentin hydroxide is semi-volatile from dry surfaces but non-volatile from water.
The aerobic soil half-life of Fentin hydroxide is greater than 1,114 days.

Fentin hydroxide is an organotin that was formerly used as a fungicide.
Fentin hydroxide is soluble in water up to 1.2 mg/L at 20 C and has a density of 1.54 g/mL.

Fentin hydroxide has an acid dissociation constant of pKa = 5.20.
Fentin hydroxide is expected to have very low mobility within soil.

If discharged to water the compound may convert to triphenyltin oxides, hydroxides or carbonates based on the acid dissociation constant.
The anions will not adsorb to suspended solids but the cations will.

Photolysis of the triphenyltin cation is expected to be a major fate process in water.
Bioaccumulation in organisms is expected to be high.

The does not currently test for Fentin hydroxide in groundwater and surface water samples.
Analysis for this chemical cannot be incorporated into the existing procedures used by the laboratory and would require additional analytical methods or laboratory equipment.

Monitoring conducted in the state by the US Geological Survey (USGS) between 2012 and 2019 has not detected Fentin hydroxide in groundwater or surface water samples.
Fentin hydroxide has been detected in surface water samples from other upper Midwest states including Iowa and North Dakota.
The overall detection frequency in surface waters in the US has been low, less than <1% of surface water samples.

Fentin hydroxide is very highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates on an acute exposure basis.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Pesticide Programs aquatic life benchmarks are 3550 and 65 ppt for acute and chronic exposure, respectively.

EPA categorizes Fentin hydroxide as moderately toxic to birds and mammals from acute oral exposure (mallard duck LD50 = 378 mg ai/kg; Norway rat LD50 = 156 mg ai/kg).
Some vascular plants are also sensitive to high rates of this fungicide.
Fentin hydroxide is considered practically nontoxic to bees on an acute contact basis.

Fentin hydroxide is a chemical compound that reacts with an enzyme called glutathione reductase.
Fentin hydroxide has been shown to have genotoxic effects in the galleria mellonella, which is a type of insect commonly used as a model organism for studies on genetic toxicity.

Fentin hydroxide has also been shown to be toxic to mammalian cells.
The mechanism of this reaction and the inhibition of glutathione reductase by Fentin hydroxide is not fully understood and may involve reactive oxygen species production.

Fentin hydroxide can react with other molecules in order to form new compounds, such as methoxyFentin hydroxide, which has been shown to be an effective anti-cancer compound.
Fentin hydroxide can also react with fluoroacetic acid to form triphenyltin fluoride, which has been shown to be an effective herbicide.

Uses of Fentin hydroxide:
Fentin hydroxide is used in insecticides, non-systemic fungicides (potatoes, sugar beets, nuts, rice, beans, and vegetables), and antifouling paints.
Antifeeding compounds for insect pest control; nonsytemic fungicide.
Fentin hydroxide is used as fungicide.

Fentin hydroxide is used for early and late blight on potatoes, leaf spot on sugar beets, peanuts, scab, and several other diseases on pecans.
Fungal diseases on rice, beans, garlic, onion, pepper, tomato.

Exhibits antifeeding properties for surface-feeding insects.
Fentin hydroxide is used as agricultural fungicides in crop protection.

They are employed to control potato, celery, sugar beet, coffee, and rice against fungal disease.
Fentin hydroxide is also used as a biocide in antifouling paints.

Fentin hydroxide is a non-systemic foliar fungicide used to control early and late blight on potatoes; leaf spot on sugar beets; and scab, brown leaf spot and other diseases on pecans.
Fentin hydroxide is only registered for use on these three crops.

There are no residential, public health or other non-food uses of Fentin hydroxide.
Fentin hydroxide comes in liquid and wettable powder (in water soluble packaging) formulations, and its use is restricted to certified applicators.

Fentin hydroxide is applied by ground equipment, chemigation, airblast spray, and aircraft.
Fentin hydroxide labels require mechanical transfer for liquids, and a closed mixing/loading system for aerial applications.

Handlers are required to wear coveralls, waterproof gloves, chemical resistant footwear, protective eyewear, chemical resistant headgear for overhead exposure, and chemical resistant apron when cleaning equipment, mixing, or 2 loading.
These protective measures may be reduced or modified as specified by the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) when closed systems or enclosed cabs are used.

Industry Uses:
Other (specify)

Consumer Uses:
Other (specify)

Manufacturing of Fentin hydroxide:
Production from triphenyltin chloride by hydrolysis with aqueous sodium hydroxide.

General Manufacturing Information:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing

Action Mode of Fentin hydroxide:
Fentin hydroxide inhibits oxidative phosphorylation (respiration) and fungal growth.
Fentin hydroxide is a Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) code 30 fungicide which inhibits adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase preventing the production of ATP by cell mitochondria.

Structure of Fentin hydroxide:
While Fentin hydroxide is often depicted as a monomer, Fentin hydroxide crystallizes as a polymer with a bridging hydroxide groups.
The Sn-O distances are 2.18 and 2.250 Å.
Many organotin compounds engage in similar aggregation equilibria.

Analytic Laboratory Methods of Fentin hydroxide:
Five laboratories collaboratively studied 2 procedures for the quantitative determination of triphenyltin compounds in technical material & in pesticide formulations.
Both procedures included an extraction step & a potentiometric titration, but differed in how the by products were removed.

The 1st was based on cleanup with sodium tartrate & in the 2nd, alkaline alumina was used for purification.
The reproducibility & the repeatability were better with the alumina method than with the tartrate method.

The average systematic difference between the 2 methods was -2.3%.
The method based on alkaline alumina cleanup was adopted as an interim cipac method.

Determination of triphenyltin compounds & tricyclohexyltin hydroxide by gas chromatography of their derivatives.
A gas-liquid chromatographic method is reported for the determination of triphenyltin derivatives & tricyclohexyltin hydroxide after their conversion (by way of grignard reaction catalyzed by copper chloride) to tetraphenyltin & tricyclohexylphenyltin.

The recovery of tetraphenyltin & tricyclohexylphenyltin was satisfactory in the range of 50 to 3000 ug. different columns were tested using flame-ionization detection.
For both derivatives, the response was linear from 0.05 to 3.00 ug. results of thermal analysis, ir spectroscopy, & mass spectrometry are reported.

Experimental Properties of Fentin hydroxide:
Thermally decomp to phenyltin, phenyltin oxide and water.
Dehydration to oxide occurs on heating above 45 °C.
Triorganotin hydroxides behave not as alcohols, but more like inorganic bases, although strong bases remove the proton in certain triorganotin hydroxides since tin is amphoteric.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Fentin hydroxide:

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion:
Several studies have shown that Fentin hydroxide orally admin to rats is eliminated mainly via the feces, with smaller amounts in the urine.

Metabolites found in feces included di- & monophenyltin as well as a significant portion of non-extractable bound residues (the sulfate conjugates of hydroquinone, catechol, & phenol).
In feces, the major substance present was unchanged parent compound.

Seven days after oral admin to rats, Fentin hydroxide residues (approx 3% of the admin dose) were distributed mainly in the kidneys, followed by liver, brain, & heart.

Handling and Storage of Fentin hydroxide:

Precautions for safe handling:

Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
Do not inhale substance/mixture.

Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.

Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 6.1A: Combustible, acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

Stability and Reactivity of Fentin hydroxide:

Reactivity:

The following applies in general to flammable organic substances and mixtures:
In correspondingly fine distribution, when whirled up a dust explosion potential may generally be assumed.

Chemical stability:
Fentin hydroxide is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Conditions to avoid:
no information available

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First Aid Measures of Fentin hydroxide:

General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:

After inhalation:
Take a fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.

If breathing stops:
Immediately apply artificial respiration, if necessary also oxygen.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.

In case of eye contact:

After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
In exceptional cases only, if medical care is not available within one hour, induce vomiting (only in persons who are wide awake and fully conscious), administer activated charcoal (20 - 40 g in a 10% slurry) and consult a doctor as quickly as possible.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

Firefighting Measures of Fentin hydroxide:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
Carbon oxides
Tin/tin oxides
Combustible.

Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters
Stay in danger area only with self-contained breathing apparatus.
Prevent skin contact by keeping a safe distance or by wearing suitable protective clothing.

Further information
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental Release Measures of Fentin hydroxide:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Avoid generation and inhalation of dusts in all circumstances.
Avoid substance contact.

Ensure adequate ventilation.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.

Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully.

Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
Avoid generation of dusts.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection of Fentin hydroxide:

Personal protective equipment:

Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Tightly fitting safety goggles.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:KCL 741 Dermatril® L

Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested: KCL 741 Dermatril® L

Body Protection:
protective clothing

Respiratory protection:
required when dusts are generated.

Our recommendations on filtering respiratory protection are based on the following standards: DIN EN 143, DIN 14387 and other accompanying standards relating to the used respiratory protection system.

Recommended Filter type: Filter type P3

The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer.
These measures have to be properly documented.

Control of environmental exposure
Do not let product enter drains.

Identifiers of Fentin hydroxide:
CAS Number: 76-87-9
ChEBI: CHEBI:30473
ChEMBL: ChEMBL506538
ChemSpider: 21106510
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.901
EC Number: 200-990-6
Gmelin Reference: 7194
KEGG: C18729
PubChem CID: 9907219
RTECS number: WH8575000
UNII: KKL46V5313
UN number: 2786 2588
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID50215768
InChI:
InChI=1S/3C6H5.H2O.Sn/c3*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;;/h3*1-5H;1H2;/q;;;;+1/p-1
Key: BFWMWWXRWVJXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI=1/3C6H5.H2O.Sn/c3*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;;/h3*1-5H;1H2;/q;;;;+1/p-1/rC18H16OSn/c19-20(16-10-4-1-5-11-16,17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1-15,19H
Key: BFWMWWXRWVJXSE-OLMCWIPIAE
SMILES: O[Sn](c1ccccc1)(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3

CAS: 76-87-9
Molecular Formula: C18H18OSn
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 369.05
MDL Number: MFCD00013928
InChI Key: ZJIGGMIMCKZRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 6327657
IUPAC Name: triphenyltin;hydrate
SMILES: O.C1=CC=C(C=C1)[SnH](C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1

Properties of Fentin hydroxide:
Chemical formula: C18H16OSn
Molar mass: 367.035 g·mol−1

Quality Level: 100
mp: 124-126 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: O[Sn](c1ccccc1)(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3
InChI: 1S/3C6H5.H2O.Sn/c3*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;;/h3*1-5H;1H2;/q;;;;+1/p-1
InChI key: BFWMWWXRWVJXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Compound Formula: C18H16OSn
Molecular Weight: 376.03
Appearance: Beige solid
Melting Point: 124-126 °C
Boiling Point: N/A
Density: N/A
Solubility in H2O: N/A

Exact Mass: 368.022 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 368.022 g/mol
Molecular Weight: 368.0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 369.030143
Monoisotopic Mass: 369.030143
Topological Polar Surface Area: 1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Complexity: 207
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Fentin hydroxide:
Color: White
Melting Point: 122°C to 124°C
Linear Formula: (C6H5)3SnOH
UN Number: UN3146
Merck Index: 14,9745
Quantity: 25g
Solubility Information: Slightly soluble in alcohol, toluene
Formula Weight: 367.01
Physical Form: Powder
Chemical Name or Material: Fentin hydroxide

Names of Triphenyltin Hydroxide:

Regulatory process names:
Fentin hydroxide
Fentin hydroxide
fentin hydroxide
fentin hydroxide (ISO)
fentin hydroxide (ISO)
triphenyltin hydroxide

Translated names:
fencín-hydroxid (ISO) (sk)
fentiinhüdroksiid (ISO) (et)
fentin hidroksid (ISO) (hr)
fentin hidroksid (ISO) (sl)
fentin hydroxide (ISO) (cs)
fentin hydroxide (ISO)· (el)
fentin idrossido (ISO) (it)
fentin-hidroxid (ISO) (hu)
fentinahydroksidi (ISO) (fi)
fentinhidroksidas (ISO) (lt)
fentinhidroksīds (ISO) (lv)
fentinhydroksid (no)
fentinhydroxid (ISO) (da)
Fentinhydroxid (ISO) (de)
fentinhydroxid [ISO] (sv)
fentinhydroxide (ISO) (nl)
fentyny wodorotlenek (ISO) (pl)
hidroxid de fentin (ISO) (ro)
hidroxid de trifenilstaniu (ro)
hidróxido de fentina (ISO) (es)
hidróxido de fentina (ISO) (pt)
hidróxido de trifenilestanho (pt)
hidróxido de trifenilestaño (es)
hydroxyde de fentine (ISO);hydroxyde de triphénylétain (fr)
hydroxyde de triphénylétain (fr)
idrossido di trifenilstagno (it)
idrossidu tal-fentin (ISO) (mt)
idrossidu tat-trifeniltin (mt)
trifenilalavo hidroksidas (lt)
trifenilalvas hidroksīds (lv)
trifenilkositrov hidroksid (hr)
trifenilkositrov hidroksid (sl)
trifeniltin-hidroxid (hu)
trifenyl(hydroxyl)stannan (cs)
trifenylcín- hydroxid (cs)
trifenylstanium-hydroxid (sk)
trifenyltennhydroxid (sv)
trifenyltinhydroxide (nl)
trifenyltinnhydroksid (no)
trifenyylitinahydroksidi (fi)
trifenüültinahüdroksiid (et)
triphenyltinhydroxid (da)
Triphenylzinnhydroxid (de)
wodorotlenek trifenylocyny (pl)
υδροξείδιο του τριφαινυλοκασσιτέρου (el)
трифенилкалаен хидроксид (bg)
фентин хидроксид (ISO) (bg)

CAS names:
Stannane
hydroxytriphenyl-

Alternate Chemical Names:
BRESTANID
DOWCO 186
DU-TER
DU-TER W-50
DUTER
ENT 28009
ERITHANE
FENOLOVO
FENTIN HYDROXIDE
HAITIN
HYDROXYTRIPHENYLSTANNANE
HYDROXYTRIPHENYLTIN
K 19
NCI-C00260
OMS 1017
SUNITRON H
SUZU H
TENHIDE
TPTH
TPTOH
TRIPHENYL(HYDROXO)STANNANE
TRIPHENYLHYDROXYTIN
TRIPHENYLSTANNANOL
TRIPHENYLSTANNIUM HYDROXIDE
TRIPHENYLSTANNYL HYDROXIDE
TRIPHENYLTIN HYDROXIDE
TRIPHENYLTIN OXIDE
TUBOTIN
VANCIDE KS

Preferred IUPAC name:
Triphenylstannanol

IUPAC names:
fentin hydroxide (ISO); triphenyltin hydroxide
triphenylstannanol
Triphenyltin Hydroxide
triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide
triphenyltin;hydrate

SYNONYMS Iron trichloride; Iron(III) chloride; Iron chloride; Ferric chloride; Flores martis; Iron sesquichloride; Chlorure ferrique; Chlorure perrique; Iron trichloride; Perchlorure de fer; Other RN: 12178-83-5, 130622-20-7 CAS NO. 7705-08-0

Synonyms: Ferric chloride test solution(ChP);Ferric Chloride Manufacturer;perchloruredefer(french);TDA REAGENT;TRYPTOPHAN DEAMINASE REAGENT;BOD IRON(III) CHLORIDE SOLUTION D;FERRIC TRICHLORIDE;Ferric trichloride,solution cas : 7705-08-0

SynonymsFERIX-3;NA-9121;BETA FLOC;Fe2(SO4)3;liusuantie;FERAQUA(TM);MONSEL SALT;MONSEL'S SALT;irontersulfate;FERRIC SULFATE CAS No.10028-22-5

Exolit IFR 36 is a non-halogenated flame retardant based on ammonium polyphosphate, which develops its effectiveness through phosphorus/nitrogen synergism. Exolit IFR 36 differs in its mode of action from chlorine- or bromine-containing flame retardants by achieving its effect through intumescence. The flame retarded material foams on exposure to flame. The carbon foam layer so formed protects the polymer through its heat insulating effect and reduces further oxygen access. Benefits Non-halogenated flame retardant based on ammonium polyphosphate which develops its effectiveness through phosphorus/nitrogen synergism Differs in its mode of action from chlorine- or bromine-containing flame retardants by achieving its effect through intumescence May be used in a range of thermosets, especially epoxy resins Suitable both for coatings and reinforced materials In composites, it may be used alone or in combination with aluminium trihydroxide (ATH) Non-halogenated flame retardant with favorable environmental and health profile

Ferric Pyrophosphate; Iron(III) pyrophosphate 10058-44-3

SYNONYMS Iron trichloride; Iron(III) chloride; Iron chloride; Ferric chloride; CAS NO. 7705-08-0

SYNONYMS D-g luconic acid iron(II) salt;irox(gador);nionate;ray-gluciron;iron digluconate;Ferrous Gluconate NF, Powder;Ferrous Gluconate USP/FCC, Granular;Ferrous Gluconate, Granular CAS NO:299 – 29 - 6

FERULIC ACID N° CAS : 1135-24-6 Nom INCI : FERULIC ACID Nom chimique : 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid N° EINECS/ELINCS : 214-490-0 Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS) Ses fonctions (INCI) Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes Antioxydant : Inhibe les réactions favorisées par l'oxygène, évitant ainsi l'oxydation et la rancidité

Fumiron; Ircon; Fumar F; Ferrotemp; Fersamal; cas no :141-01-5

D-gluconic acid, Iron salt;d-Gluconic acid, Iron(2+) salt (2:1); Iron(II) gluconate; Gluferate; E579 CAS NO: 299-29-6

Iron(II) lactate hydrate; Ferrous lactate hydrate; FERROUS LACTATE; FERROUS LACTATE DIHYDRATE; IRON(II)-L-2-HYDROXY-PROPIONATE; IRON (II) LACTATE; L(+) LACTIC ACID, IRON (II) SALT PURAMEX(R) FE; 2-hydroxy-propanoicaciiron(2+)salt(2:1); 2-hydroxy-propanoicaciiron(2+)salt(2:1)[qr]; iron(2)lactate[qr]; iron(2+)lactate; ironlactate[qr]; Lacticacid,iron(2+)salt(2:1); lacticacid,iron(2+)salt(2:1)[qr]; iron dilactate; Iron(II) lactate hydrate; L-Ferrous lactate; L-Iron lactate; Iron(Ⅱ) lactate; Iron(II)lactatedihydrate; FERROUSLACTATE,PURIFIED; E585 CAS NO:5905-52-2

Ferrous sulfate is an essential body mineral used to treat iron deficiency anemia (a lack of red blood cells caused by having too little iron in the body).
Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement used to treat or prevent low blood levels of iron (such as those caused by anemia or pregnancy).
The iron supplement ferrous sulfate is an iron salt with the chemical formula FeSO4.

CAS Number: 7720-78-7
EC Number: 231-753-5
Chemical Formula: FeSO4
Molecular Weight: 151.91

Synonyms: ferrous salt, FERROUS SULFATE, Iron(II) sulfate, 7720-78-7, Iron sulfate, Iron(2+) sulfate, Iron sulphate, Ferrous sulfate anhydrous, Iron sulfate (1:1), Iron(2+) sulphate, FeSO4, Iron(II) sulfate (1:1), Iron sulfate (FeSO4), Ferrous sulfate (1:1), Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:1), Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt, 2IDP3X9OUD, 16547-58-3, iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous), Iron vitriol; Iron(2+) sulfate, Combiron, Odophos, Kesuka, Sal chalybis, Quickfloc (salt), Slow Fe, Ferrosulfat [German], Ferrosulfat, CCRIS 6796, HSDB 465, SFE 171, EINECS 231-753-5, UNII-2IDP3X9OUD, NSC 57631, NSC 146177, AI3-51903, FERROUS SULPHATE ANHYDROUS, iron(II)sulphate, Fe(II) sulphate, iron(II) sulphate, EINECS 240-616-9, iron(2+);sulfate, Iron (as sulphate), iron (II) sulphate, Ferrous sulfate,dried, errous hydrogen sulfide, Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:?), Iron sulphate (feso4), Ferrous sulfate, 98%, ferrous sulfate (anh.), Fe(II)SO4, Ferrous sulfate, anhydrous, Ferrous sulphate (1:1), EC 231-753-5, Ferrous sulphate, anhydrous, ferrous sulfate (anhydrous), iron(2+) sulfate (anh.), FERROUS SULFATE [MI], Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4), FERROUS SULFATE [ISO], FERROUS SULFATE [HSDB], DTXSID0029688, CHEBI:75832, FERROUS SULFATE [WHO-DD], Ferrous Sulphate Exsiccated (Dried), IRON(II) SULPHATE (1:1), Tox21_202580, FERROUS SULFATE,DRIED [VANDF], DB13257, NCGC00260129-01, CAS-7720-78-7, FT-0626420, Q214863, 8063-79-4

Ferrous sulfate is a type of iron.
You normally get iron from the foods you eat.

In your body, iron becomes a part of your hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Hemoglobin carries oxygen through your blood to tissues and organs.
Myoglobin helps your muscle cells store oxygen.

Ferrous Sulfate is an essential body mineral.
Ferrous sulfate is used to treat iron deficiency anemia (a lack of red blood cells caused by having too little iron in the body).

Iron(II) sulfate (British English: iron(II) sulphate) or ferrous sulfate denotes a range of salts with the formula Fe SO4·xH2O.
These compounds exist most commonly as the heptahydrate (x = 7) but several values for x are known.

The hydrated form is used medically to treat iron deficiency, and also for industrial applications.
Known since ancient times as copperas and as green vitriol (vitriol is an archaic name for sulfate), the blue-green heptahydrate (hydrate with 7 molecules of water) is the most common form of Ferrous sulfate.

All the iron(II) sulfates dissolve in water to give the same aquo complex [Fe(H2O)6]2+, which has octahedral molecular geometry and is paramagnetic.
The name copperas dates from times when the copper(II) sulfate was known as blue copperas, and perhaps in analogy, iron(II) and zinc sulfate were known respectively as green and white copperas.

Ferrous sulfate is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
In 2020, Ferrous sulfate was the 116th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions.

Iron, or ferrous sulfate is a mineral that your body needs to produce red blood cells.
When the body does not get enough iron, Ferrous sulfate cannot produce enough red blood cells to keep itself healthy.

This is called iron-deficiency anemia.
Lack of iron can cause tiredness, shortness of breath, and decreased physical performance.
Ferrous sulfate also can increase the chance of a liver transplant patient getting infections.

Ferrous sulfate uses include treating or preventing low levels of iron in the blood; Ferrous sulfate treats or prevents iron-deficiency anemia.

Foods rich in iron include lean red meat, beans, nuts, asparagus, oatmeal, and dried peaches.
Vitamin C can increase the absorption of iron, which can be found in citrus fruits and fresh vegetables.
Ferrous sulfate might be prescribed if your child is not able to maintain a healthy level of iron through diet alone after a liver transplant.

Ferrous sulfate appears as a greenish or yellow-brown crystalline solid.
Ferrous sulfate is density 15.0 lb /gal.
Ferrous sulfate is melts at 64 °C and loses the seven waters of hydration at 90 °C.

Ferrous sulfate is immediate steps should be taken to limit Ferrous sulfate spread to the environment.
Ferrous sulfate is used for water or sewage treatment, as a fertilizer ingredient.

Iron deficiency anemia is a large public health concern worldwide, especially in young children, infants, and women of childbearing age.
This type of anemia occurs when iron intake, iron stores, and iron loss do not adequately support the formation of erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells.

Ferrous sulfate is a synthetic agent used in the treatment of iron deficiency.
Ferrous sulfate is the gold standard of oral iron therapy in the UK and many other countries.

Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement you may use to treat iron-deficiency anemia.
You may need ferrous sulfate if you don’t get enough iron through the foods you eat.

Ferrous sulfate comes in tablet and liquid form.
Side effects may include constipation, stomach cramps and other digestive issues.
Only take an iron supplement as directed.

Ferrous sulfate is a type of iron supplement.
You normally get all the iron you need from the foods you eat.

Your healthcare provider may recommend ferrous sulfate if you don’t get enough iron in your diet.
Iron supplements can be especially beneficial for women or people assigned female at birth.

A sulfate salt of mineral iron formulated for oral administration and used as a dietary supplement, ferrous sulfate is absorbed in the stomach and small intestine and combines with apoferritin to form ferritin, which is stored in the liver, spleen, red bone marrow, and intestinal mucosa.
Important in transport of oxygen by hemoglobin to the tissues, iron is also found in myoglobin, transferrin, and ferritin, and is a component of many enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and cytochromes.

The iron supplement ferrous sulfate is an iron salt with the chemical formula FeSO4.
Iron salts are one type of the mineral iron.
People often use them as a supplement to treat iron deficiency.

Ferrous sulfate is also called iron sulfate, green vitriol, and iron vitriol.
This article is an overview of ferrous sulfate, Ferrous sulfate benefits and side effects, and how you can use Ferrous sulfate to treat and prevent iron deficiency.

Ferrous sulfate is just one of many forms of the metal element iron.

In Ferrous sulfate natural state, the solid mineral resembles small crystals.
The crystals are typically a shade of yellow, brown, or bluish-green — hence why ferrous sulfate is sometimes called green vitriol.

Supplement makers use multiple types of iron in dietary supplements.
Aside from ferrous sulfate, the most common are ferrous gluconate, ferric citrate, and ferric sulfate.

Most types of iron in supplements are in one of two forms — ferric or ferrous.
This depends on the chemical state of the iron atoms.

The body absorbs ferrous forms of iron better than ferric forms.
Thus, healthcare providers often consider ferrous forms, including ferrous sulfate, to be the best choice for iron supplements.

Ferrous Sulfate is a mineral salt of iron, a dietary mineral essential for the production of red blood cells.
Iron is a mineral in our blood cells responsible for transporting and storing needed oxygen.

Ferrous sulfate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 000 to < 10 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Ferrous sulfate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Ferrous Sulfate is available in over-the-counter vitamin supplements both individually and in combination with other nutrients.
Ferrous Sulfate is also sometimes used in prescription Ferrous Sulfate supplements that treat iron-deficient anemia (low numbers of red blood cells caused by low iron).

Ferrous sulfate is an iron salt popularly known as green vitriol.
Imferon and iron dextran are injectable iron.

Ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, and ferrous sulfate are generic names for oral iron.
Ferrous sulfate is by far the best and cheapest for iron supplement.

Ferrous sulfate is formed when iron filings are mixed into a solution of copper sulfate, iron pushes the copper since Ferrous sulfate is more reactive and takes Ferrous sulfate place resulting in the formation of iron sulfate.

Uses of Ferrous sulfate:
Ferrous sulfate is used as iron supplements are indicated in patients with diseases caused by iron deficiency.
Ferrous sulfate is used in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia, prophylaxis for iron deficiency in pregnancy.

Ferrous sulfate is used in precaution if sedation or general anaesthesia is required; risk of the hypotensive episode.
Ferrous sulfate can also be used with chlorine.
This treatment is normally known as chlorinated copperas treatment.

Ferrous sulfate is used as a mordant in textile dyeing.
Ferrous sulfate is used to make iron compounds and in engraving, lithography, water treatment, aluminum etching, and qualitative analysis (brown ring test for nitrates).

Ferrous sulfate is also used in iron electroplating baths, fertilizers and pesticides, food and feed supplements, radiation dosimeters, wood preservative, inks, leather dyes, polymerization catalysts, and pharmaceuticals (iron deficiency anemia).
Ferrous sulfate is used as iron oxide pigment, catalyst (especially for synthetic ammonia), and food supplement.

Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement used to treat or prevent low blood levels of iron (such as those caused by anemia or pregnancy).
Iron is an important mineral that the body needs to produce red blood cells and keep you in good health.

Industrially, ferrous sulfate is mainly used as a precursor to other iron compounds.
Ferrous sulfate is a reducing agent, and as such is useful for the reduction of chromate in cement to less toxic Cr(III) compounds.

Historically ferrous sulfate was used in the textile industry for centuries as a dye fixative.
Ferrous sulfate is used historically to blacken leather and as a constituent of iron gall ink.
The preparation of sulfuric acid ('oil of vitriol') by the distillation of green vitriol (iron(II) sulfate) has been known for at least 700 years.

Medical use:
Follow all directions on Ferrous sulfate package, or take as directed by your doctor.
Do not take more than the recommended dosage.
If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach (usually if taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals).
If stomach upset occurs, you may take this medication with food.

See the instructions below for the liquid drops for infants/children.
Avoid taking antacids, dairy products, tea, or coffee within 2 hours before or after this medication because they will decrease Ferrous sulfate effectiveness.

Take tablets or capsules with a full glass of water (8 ounces or 240 milliliters) unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
Do not lie down for at least 10 minutes after taking your tablet or capsule dose.

Swallow extended-release capsules whole.
Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets.

Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects.
Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so.
Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing.

If you are taking chewable tablets, chew the medication thoroughly, then swallow.
If you are taking a liquid suspension form of this medication, shake the bottle well before each dose.

If you are taking the liquid form for adults, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon.
Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.
Mix the dose in a glass of water or juice, and drink the mixture through a straw to prevent staining the teeth.

If you are giving the liquid drops to an infant or child, use the dropper provided to carefully measure the dose.
The dose may be placed directly into the mouth (towards the back of the tongue) or Ferrous sulfate may be mixed in formula (not milk), fruit juice, cereal, or other food as directed to increase your child's acceptance.

Ferrous sulfate is best to give this medication right after a meal.
Follow the directions on Ferrous sulfate package for the brand that you use.

Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from Ferrous sulfate.
To help you remember, take Ferrous sulfate at the same time(s) each day.

Before taking this medicine:

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if ferrous sulfate is safe to use if you have ever had:
Iron overload syndrome,
A red blood cell disorder such as thalassemia,
A condition for which you receive regular blood transfusions.

Ask a doctor before using this medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Do not give ferrous sulfate to a child without medical advice.

Plant growth:
Ferrous sulfate is sold as ferrous sulfate, a soil amendment for lowering the pH of a high alkaline soil so that plants can access the soil's nutrients.

In horticulture Ferrous sulfate is used for treating iron chlorosis.
Although not as rapid-acting as ferric EDTA, Ferrous sulfate effects are longer-lasting.

Ferrous sulfate can be mixed with compost and dug into the soil to create a store which can last for years.
Ferrous sulfate can be used as a lawn conditioner.
Ferrous sulfate can also be used to eliminate silvery thread moss in golf course putting greens.

Pigment and craft:
Ferrous sulfate can be used to stain concrete and some limestones and sandstones a yellowish rust color.
Woodworkers use ferrous sulfate solutions to color maple wood a silvery hue.
Green vitriol is also a useful reagent in the identification of mushrooms.

Historical uses:
Ferrous sulfate was used in the manufacture of inks, most notably iron gall ink, which was used from the middle ages until the end of the 18th century.
Chemical tests made on the Lachish letters (c. 588–586 BCE) showed the possible presence of iron.

Ferrous sulfate is thought that oak galls and copperas may have been used in making the ink on those letters.
Ferrous sulfate also finds use in wool dyeing as a mordant.
Harewood, a material used in marquetry and parquetry since the 17th century, is also made using ferrous sulfate.

Two different methods for the direct application of indigo dye were developed in England in the 18th century and remained in use well into the 19th century.
One of these, known as china blue, involved Ferrous sulfate.

After printing an insoluble form of indigo onto the fabric, the indigo was reduced to leuco-indigo in a sequence of baths of ferrous sulfate (with reoxidation to indigo in air between immersions).
The china blue process could make sharp designs, but Ferrous sulfate could not produce the dark hues of other methods.

In the second half of the 1850s ferrous sulfate was used as a photographic developer for collodion process images.

Used to treat iron deficiency anemia:
Anemia is a condition that occurs when your blood has low amounts of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
Because iron is a critical part of the red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body, having iron deficiency is one of the most common causes of anemia.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a severe form of iron deficiency that has significant effects on the human body and may cause some of the more serious symptoms associated with iron deficiency.
One of the most common and effective treatments for IDA is taking an oral iron supplement, such as ferrous sulfate.

Might improve surgical outcomes:
Multiple research studies have cited having iron deficiency as a risk factor for increased rates of complications and mortality following surgery.
One study looked at the outcomes for 730 people who underwent heart surgery, including those with ferritin levels below 100 mcg per liter — a sign of iron deficiency.

The iron deficient participants were more likely to experience serious adverse events during surgery, including death.
They also required a longer stay in the hospital, on average, after surgery.

Iron deficiency appears to have similar effects in other types of surgery.
One study analyzed more than 227,000 surgical procedures and determined that even mild IDA prior to surgery increased the risk of health complications and mortality following the procedure.

Because ferrous sulfate supplements can treat and prevent iron deficiency, taking them prior to having surgery could improve the outcome and reduce the risk of complications.
However, Ferrous sulfate may take time to increase iron levels via supplementation.

Though oral iron supplements like ferrous sulfate are an effective way to increase iron stores in the body, a person may need to take supplements every day for 2–5 months to bring their iron stores up to normal levels.
Thus, people with iron deficiency who do not have multiple months to try and increase iron stores prior to surgery may not benefit from ferrous sulfate supplements and require another type of iron therapy instead.

Furthermore, research studies on iron therapy for people who have anemia before surgery are limited in size and scope.
Scientists still need to conduct more high quality studies to investigate the best ways for people to increase their iron levels before surgery.

Biocidal Uses:
Ferrous sulfate is approved in the EEA and/or Switzerland for use in biocidal products more favourable for the environment, human or animal health.

Consumer Uses:
Ferrous sulfate is used in the following products: fertilisers, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, plant protection products, adhesives and sealants and metal surface treatment products.
Other release to the environment of Ferrous sulfate is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Ferrous sulfate is used in the following products: fertilisers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, water treatment chemicals, metal surface treatment products, plant protection products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Ferrous sulfate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Ferrous sulfate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, building & construction work, scientific research and development and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Ferrous sulfate is used for the manufacture of: mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
Other release to the environment of Ferrous sulfate is likely to occur from: outdoor use and indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Uses at industrial sites:
Ferrous sulfate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, water treatment chemicals, laboratory chemicals, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, fertilisers and metal surface treatment products.
Ferrous sulfate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Ferrous sulfate is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, building & construction work and scientific research and development.
Ferrous sulfate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, metals, fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).
Release to the environment of Ferrous sulfate can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and formulation of mixtures.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Electroplating
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Applying Wood Preservatives
Sewer and Wastewater Treatment
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)
Farming (Feed Additives)

Activities with risk of exposure:
Textile arts
Lithography printing

Benefits of Ferrous sulfate:
The primary benefit of taking ferrous sulfate supplements is to maintain normal iron levels in the body.
Doing so may prevent you from experiencing iron deficiency, as well as the range of mild to severe side effects that often accompany Ferrous sulfate.

Here’s a closer look at the benefits of taking ferrous sulfate supplements.

Helps maintain normal blood iron levels:
Iron is one of the most common elements on earth, and Ferrous sulfate’s an essential mineral.
That means people need to consume Ferrous sulfate in their diet for optimal health.

The body primarily uses iron as part of the red blood cell proteins myoglobin and hemoglobin, which are essential for transporting and storing oxygen.
Iron also plays an important role in the formation of hormones, the health and development of the nervous system, and basic cell functioning

Although many people consume iron as a dietary supplement, you can also find Ferrous sulfate naturally in many foods, including beans, spinach, potatoes, tomatoes, and particularly meat and seafood, including oysters, sardines, poultry, and beef.
Some foods, such as fortified breakfast cereals, are not naturally high in iron, but manufacturers add iron to make them a good source of this mineral.

Many of the highest sources of iron are animal products.
Therefore, vegans, vegetarians, and people who do not consume many iron-rich foods as a part of their normal diet may benefit from taking ferrous sulfate iron supplements to help maintain their iron stores.

May prevent symptoms of iron deficiency:
Taking ferrous sulfate supplements is a simple way to treat, prevent, or reverse low blood iron levels.

Preventing iron deficiency not only ensures that your body has enough of the essential nutrient to continue functioning properly but also can help you avoid many of the unpleasant side effects of low iron levels.

Some of the most notable side effects of low iron levels include:
Fatigue
Headaches
Feeling weak
Low energy levels
Difficulty concentrating
Difficulty thinking clearly
Hair loss
Brittle nails
Upset stomach
Poor immunity
Heart palpitations
Restless leg syndrome
Shortness of breath
The inability to regulate body temperature
Pica, an urge to eat nonfood items, such as paint or soap

This is a general overview — not a comprehensive list — of all the symptoms of low iron levels.
Symptoms may worsen as an iron deficiency progresses from mild to severe.

Chemical Properties of Ferrous sulfate:
Ferrous sulfate reacts with aluminium under displacement reaction forming aluminium sulfate and metallic iron.

The chemical reaction is given below.
2Al + 3FeSO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3Fe

Ferrous sulfate reacts with potassium permanganate in the presence of sulphuric acid forms ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, potassium sulfate, and water.
10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 → 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + K2SO4

Hydrates of Ferrous sulfate:
Ferrous sulfate can be found in various states of hydration, and several of these forms exist in nature or were created synthetically.

FeSO4·H2O (mineral: szomolnokite, relatively rare, monoclinic)
FeSO4·H2O (synthetic compound stable at pressures exceeding 6.2 GPa, triclinic)

FeSO4·4H2O (mineral: rozenite, white, relatively common, may be dehydration product of melanterite, monoclinic)
FeSO4·5H2O (mineral: siderotil, relatively rare, triclinic)

FeSO4·6H2O (mineral: ferrohexahydrite, very rare, monoclinic)
FeSO4·7H2O (mineral: melanterite, blue-green, relatively common, monoclinic)

The tetrahydrate is stabilized when the temperature of aqueous solutions reaches 56.6 °C (133.9 °F). At 64.8 °C (148.6 °F) these solutions form both the tetrahydrate and monohydrate.

Mineral forms are found in oxidation zones of iron-bearing ore beds, e.g. pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, etc.
They are also found in related environments, like coal fire sites.

Many rapidly dehydrate and sometimes oxidize.
Numerous other, more complex (either basic, hydrated, and/or containing additional cations) Fe(II)-bearing sulfates exist in such environments, with copiapite being a common example.

Production and Reactions of Ferrous sulfate:
In the finishing of steel prior to plating or coating, the steel sheet or rod is passed through pickling baths of sulfuric acid.

This treatment produces large quantities of Ferrous sulfate as a by-product.
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

Another source of large amounts results from the production of titanium dioxide from ilmenite via the sulfate process.

Ferrous sulfate is also prepared commercially by oxidation of pyrite:
2 FeS2 + 7 O2 + 2 H2O → 2 FeSO4 + 2 H2SO4

Ferrous sulfate can be produced by displacement of metals less reactive than Iron from solutions of their sulfate:
CuSO4 + Fe → FeSO4 + Cu

Reactions:
Upon dissolving in water, ferrous sulfates form the metal aquo complex [Fe(H2O)6]2+, which is an almost colorless, paramagnetic ion.

On heating, Ferrous sulfate first loses Ferrous sulfate water of crystallization and the original green crystals are converted into a white anhydrous solid.
When further heated, the anhydrous material decomposes into sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, leaving a reddish-brown iron(III) oxide.
Thermolysis of Ferrous sulfate begins at about 680 °C (1,256 °F).

2FeSO4→ΔFe2O3+SO2+SO3

Like other iron(II) salts, Ferrous sulfate is a reducing agent.

For example, Ferrous sulfate reduces nitric acid to nitrogen monoxide and chlorine to chloride:
6 FeSO4 + 3 H2SO4 + 2 HNO3 → 3 Fe2(SO4)3 + 4 H2O + 2 NO
6 FeSO4 + 3 Cl2 → 2 Fe2(SO4)3 + 2 FeCl3

Ferrous sulfate mild reducing power is of value in organic synthesis.
Ferrous sulfate is used as the iron catalyst component of Fenton's reagent.

Ferrous sulfate can be detected by the cerimetric method, which is the official method of the Indian Pharmacopoeia.
This method includes the use of ferroin solution showing a red to light green colour change during titration.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Ferrous sulfate:

Pharmacodynamics:
Ferrous sulfate replenishes iron, an essential component in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and various enzymes.
Ferrous sulfate replaces the iron that is usually found in hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Iron participates in oxygen transport and storage, electron transport and energy metabolism, antioxidant and beneficial pro-oxidant functions, oxygen sensing, tissue proliferation and growth, as well as DNA replication and repair.

Action Mechanism of Ferrous sulfate:
Iron is required to maintain optimal health, particularly for helping to form red blood cells (RBC) that carry oxygen around the body.
A deficiency in iron indicates that the body cannot produce enough normal red blood cells.

Iron deficiency anemia occurs when body stores of iron decrease to very low levels, and the stored iron is insufficient to support normal red blood cell (RBC) production.
Insufficient dietary iron, impaired iron absorption, bleeding, pregnancy, or loss of iron through the urine can lead to iron deficiency.
Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia include fatigue, breathlessness, palpitations, dizziness, and headache.

Taking iron in supplement form, such as ferrous sulfate, allows for more rapid increases in iron levels when dietary supply and stores are not sufficient.
Iron is transported by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) across the endolysosomal membrane to enter the macrophage.

Ferrous sulfate can then can be incorporated into ferritin and be stored in the macrophage or carried of the macrophage by ferroportin.
This exported iron is oxidized by the enzyme to ceruloplasmin to Fe3+, followed by sequestration by transferrin for transport in the serum to various sites, including the bone marrow for hemoglobin synthesis or into the liver.
Iron combines with porphyrin and globin chains to form hemoglobin, which is critical for oxygen delivery from the lungs to other tissues.

Absorption of Ferrous sulfate:
Approximately 5 – 10% of dietary iron is absorbed, and this absorption rate increases to up to 30% in iron deficiency states.
Oral iron supplements are absorbed up to 60% via active and passive transport processes.

Gastrointestinal absorption of iron occurs via strict regulation by the enterocyte and duodenal cytochrome and ferric reductase enzymes.
The hormone hepcidin heavily regulates iron absorption and distribution throughout the body.

The median time to maximum serum concentration (Tmax) is generally 4 hours after administration.
Between 2-8 hours post administration, average serum iron concentrations fluctuate by 20%, according to one study.

Bioavailability of iron depends on whether Ferrous sulfate is administered in a film coated tablet or enteric coated tablet.
One pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers revealed a 30% bioavailability for enteric coated tablets.

The AUC of enteric coated tablets varied between a lower limit of -46.93 to 5.25 µmolxh/l.
Cmax is higher for film coated tablets, ranging from 3.4 to 22.1 µmol/h/l.

Ferrous sulfate is advisable to take ferrous sulfate with ascorbic acid, as this practice may increase absorption.
Avoid antacids, tea, coffee,tea, dairy products, eggs, and whole-grain bread for at least an hour after taking ferrous sulfate.
Calcium can decrease iron absorption by 33% if taken concomitantly.

First Aid Measures of Ferrous sulfate:

INGESTION:
Give milk immediately and then induce vomiting by stroking the pharynx with a blunt object such as a spoon handle.
Gastric lavage with 1 pint of 5% aqueous solution of mono- or disodium phosphate if promptly available; otherwise use water.
Get medical attention.

Fire Fighting of Ferrous sulfate:

If material involved in fire:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)

Accidental Release Measures of Ferrous sulfate:

Environmental considerations:

Water spill:
Adjust pH to neutral (pH= 7).
Allow to aerate.

Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
Adjust pH to neutral (pH= 7).
Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Environmental considerations:

Land spill:
Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding rea to contain liquid or solid material.
If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner.
Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.

Disposal Methods of Ferrous sulfate:
The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination.
Recycle any unused portion of the material for Ferrous sulfate approved use or return Ferrous sulfate to the manufacturer or supplier.

Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider:
The material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Precipitation and landfill:
Treat water or scrap material with soda ash or dilute sodium hydroxide to precipitate iron.
Separate the precipitate and dispose of in an approved landfill.

Identifiers of Ferrous sulfate:
CAS Number:
Anhydrous: 7720-78-7
Monohydrate: 17375-41-6
Dihydrate: 10028-21-4
Heptahydrate: 7782-63-0

ChEBI:
Anhydrous: CHEBI:75832
ChEMBL:
Anhydrous: ChEMBL1200830

ChemSpider:
Anhydrous: 22804
Monohydrate: 56459
Heptahydrate: 22804

ECHA InfoCard: 100.028.867
EC Number:
Anhydrous: 231-753-5

PubChem CID:
Anhydrous: 24393
Monohydrate: 62712
Heptahydrate: 62662

RTECS number Anhydrous:
NO8500000 (anhydrous)
NO8510000 (heptahydrate)

UNII:
Anhydrous: 2IDP3X9OUD
Monohydrate: RIB00980VW
Dihydrate: G0Z5449449
Heptahydrate: 39R4TAN1VT

UN number: 3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) anhydrous: DTXSID0029688
InChI: InChI=1S/Fe.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
Key: BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Anhydrous: InChI=1/Fe.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
Key: BAUYGSIQEAFULO-NUQVWONBAS
SMILES anhydrous: [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Fe+2]

EC / List no.: 231-753-5
CAS no.: 7720-78-7

Synonyms: Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate, Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
Linear Formula: FeSO4 · 7H2O
CAS Number: 7782-63-0
Molecular Weight: 278.01

Properties of Ferrous sulfate:
Chemical formula: FeSO4

Molar mass:
151.91 g/mol (anhydrous)
169.93 g/mol (monohydrate)
241.99 g/mol (pentahydrate)
260.00 g/mol (hexahydrate)
278.02 g/mol (heptahydrate)

Appearance: White crystals (anhydrous)
White-yellow crystals (monohydrate)
Blue-green crystals (heptahydrate)

Odor: Odorless

Density:
3.65 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
3 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
2.15 g/cm3 (pentahydrate)
1.934 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
1.895 g/cm3 (heptahydrate)

Melting point:
680 °C (1,256 °F; 953 K) (anhydrous) decomposes
300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (monohydrate) decomposes
60–64 °C (140–147 °F; 333–337 K) (heptahydrate) decomposes

Solubility in water: Monohydrate:
44.69 g/100 mL (77 °C)
35.97 g/100 mL (90.1 °C)

Heptahydrate:
15.65 g/100 mL (0 °C)
19.986 g/100 mL (10 °C)
29.51 g/100 mL (25 °C)
39.89 g/100 mL (40.1 °C)
51.35 g/100 mL (54 °C)

Solubility: Negligible in alcohol
Solubility in ethylene glycol: 6.38 g/100 g (20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 1.95 kPa (heptahydrate)

Magnetic susceptibility (χ):
1.24×10−2 cm3/mol (anhydrous)
1.05×10−2 cm3/mol (monohydrate)
1.12×10−2 cm3/mol (heptahydrate)
+10200×10−6 cm3/mol

Refractive index (nD):
1.591 (monohydrate)
1.526–1.528 (21 °C, tetrahydrate)
1.513–1.515 (pentahydrate)
1.468 (hexahydrate)
1.471 (heptahydrate)

Molecular Weight: 151.91
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 151.886665
Monoisotopic Mass: 151.886665
Topological Polar Surface Area: 88.6 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 62.2
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Structure of Ferrous sulfate:
Crystal structure:
Orthorhombic, oP24 (anhydrous)
Monoclinic, mS36 (monohydrate)
Monoclinic, mP72 (tetrahydrate)
Triclinic, aP42 (pentahydrate)
Monoclinic, mS192 (hexahydrate)
Monoclinic, mP108 (heptahydrate)

Space group:
Pnma, No. 62 (anhydrous)
C2/c, No. 15 (monohydrate, hexahydrate)
P21/n, No. 14 (tetrahydrate)
P1, No. 2 (pentahydrate)
P21/c, No. 14 (heptahydrate)

Point group:
2/m 2/m 2/m (anhydrous)
2/m (monohydrate, tetrahydrate, hexahydrate, heptahydrate)
1 (pentahydrate)

Lattice constant:
a = 8.704(2) Å, b = 6.801(3) Å, c = 4.786(8) Å (293 K, anhydrous)
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°

Coordination geometry: Octahedral (Fe2+)

Thermochemistry of Ferrous sulfate:
Heat capacity (C): 100.6 J/mol·K (anhydrous) 394.5 J/mol·K (heptahydrate)
Std molarbentropy (S⦵298): 107.5 J/mol·K (anhydrous) 409.1 J/mol·K (heptahydrate)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −928.4 kJ/mol (anhydrous) −3016 kJ/mol (heptahydrate)
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵): −820.8 kJ/mol (anhydrous) −2512 kJ/mol (heptahydrate)

Related compounds of Ferrous sulfate:
Iron(III) sulfate

Other cations:
Cobalt(II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate
Manganese(II) sulfate
Nickel(II) sulfate

Names of Ferrous sulfate:

Regulatory process names:
ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
Ferrous sulphate
iron (II) sulfate
iron (II) sulfate (1:1) heptahydrate
Iron (II) sulphate
Iron sulfate
Iron sulphate
Iron sulphate
iron sulphate
Iron(II)sulfate anhydrous
Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:1)
sulfuric acid, iron(II) salt (1:1), heptahydrate

Translated names:
acid sulfuric, sare de fier(II) (1:1), heptahidrat (ro)
acide sulfurique, sel de fer (II) (1:1), heptahydrate (fr)
Dzelzs sulfāts (lv)
dzelzs(II) sulfāta (1:1) heptahidrāts (lv)
dzelzs(II) sulfāta heptahidrāts (lv)
dzelzs(II) sulfāts (lv)
Eisen(II)-sulfat (de)
Eisen(II)sulfat(1:1)heptahydrat (de)
Eisensulfat (de)
Eisensulfatheptahydrat (de)
fero sulfat heptahidrat (hr)
ferrosulfaat heptahydraat (nl)
ferrosulfaattiheptahydraatti (fi)
ferrosulfat heptahydrat (da)
ferrosulfatheptahydrat (no)
ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (mt)
geležies (II) sulfatas (lt)
geležies (II) sulfatas (1:1) heptahidratas (lt)
Geležies sulfatas (lt)
geležies sulfatas, heptahidratas (lt)
heptahydrát síranu železnatého (sk)
ijzer(II)sulfaat (nl)
ijzer(II)sulfaat (1:1) heptahydraat (nl)
IJzersulfaat (nl)
iron (II) sulfate (1:1) heptahydrate (mt)
Iron sulphate (no)
jern(II)sulfat (da)
jern(II)sulfat (no)
jern(II)sulfat (1:1) heptahydrat (da)
jern(II)sulfat (1:1) heptahydrat (no)
Jernsulfat (da)
järn(II)sulfat (sv)
järn(II)sulfat, heptahydrat (sv)
Järnsulfat (sv)
järnsulfatheptahydrat (sv)
kwas siarkowy(VI), sól żelaza(II) (1:1), heptahydrat (pl)
kyselina sírová, železnatá soľ, heptahydrát (sk)
kénsav, vas(II)-só, (1:1) heptahidrát (hu)
raud(II)sulfaat (et)
raud(II)sulfaat (1:1), heptahüdraat (et)
raud(II)sulfaatheptahüdraat (et)
Raudsulfaat (et)
Rauta(II)sulfaatti (fi)
Rauta(II)sulfaattiheptahydraatti (fi)
Rautasulfaatti (fi)
Biocidal active substances
sal de ferro (II) (1:1) de ácido sulfúrico, hepta-hidratado (pt)
sale di ferro (II) di acido solforico, eptaidrato (it)
Schwefelsäure, Eisen(II)salz (1:1), Heptahydrat (de)
Siarczan żelaza (pl)
siarczan żelaza (II) (pl)
siarczan żelazawy heptahydrat (pl)
sieros rūgštis, geležies(II) druska (1:1), heptahidratas (lt)
Solfato di ferro (it)
solfato di ferro (II) (it)
solfato di ferro (II) eptaidrato (it)
solfato ferroso eptaidrato (it)
Sulfat de fier (ro)
sulfat de fier (II) (1:1) heptahidrat (ro)
sulfat de fier(II) (ro)
sulfat feros heptahidrat (ro)
Sulfat tal-ħadid (mt)
sulfat tal-ħadid (II) (mt)
Sulfate de fer (fr)
sulfate de fer (II) (fr)
sulfate de fer (II), heptahydrate (1:1) acide sulfurique, sel de fer(II) (1:1), heptahydratesulfate ferreux, heptahydrate (fr)
sulfate ferreux , heptahydrate (fr)
Sulfato de ferro (pt)
sulfato de ferro (II) (pt)
sulfato de ferro (II) (1:1) heptahidratado (pt)
Sulfato de hierro (es)
sulfato de hierro (II) (es)
sulfato de hierro (II), heptahidrato (es)
sulfato ferroso hepta-hidratado (pt)
sulfato ferroso, heptahidrato (es)
sulfuric acid, iron(II) salt (1:1), heptahydrate (mt)
sumporna kiselina, željezova(II) sol (1:1), heptahidrat (hr)
svavelsyra, järn(II)salt (1:1), heptahydrat (sv)
svovelsyre, jern(II)salt (1:1), heptahydrat (no)
svovlsyre, jern(II)-salt (1:1), heptahydrat (da)
Síran železnatý (cs)
síran železnatý (cs)
Síran železnatý (sk)
síran železnatý (sk)
síran železnatý (1:1) heptahydrát (cs)
síran železnatý heptahydrát (cs)
sērskābes dzelzs(II) sāls (1:1), heptahidrāts (lv)
vas(II)-szulfát (hu)
vas(II)-szulfát (1:1) heptahidrát (hu)
vas(II)-szulfát, heptahidrát (hu)
Vas-szulfát (hu)
väävelhappe raud(II)sool (1:1), heptahüdraat (et)
zwavelzuur, ijzer(II)zout, (1:1) heptahydraat (nl)
ácido sulfúrico, sal de hierro (II), heptahidrato (es)
železnatá sůl kyseliny sírové (1:1), heptahydrát (cs)
železov (II) sulfat (sl)
železov (II) sulfat (1:1) heptahidrat, (sl)
Železov sulfat (sl)
železov sulfat heptahidrat (sl)
železova(II) sol (1:1) žveplove kisline, heptahidrat (sl)
Željezov sulfat (hr)
željezov(II) sulfat (hr)
željezov(II) sulfat (1:1) heptahidrat (hr)
άλας θειικού οξέος με σίδηρο(ΙΙ) (1:1), επταένυδρο (el)
Θειικός σίδηρος (el)
θειικός σίδηρος (ΙΙ) (el)
θειικός σίδηρος(ΙΙ) (1:1), επταένυδρος (el)
θειικός υποσίδηρος, επταένυδρος (el)
железен (II) сулфат (bg)
железен (II) сулфат (1:1) хептахидрат (bg)
Железен сулфат (bg)
C&L Inventory
C&L Inventory
Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:1)

IUPAC names:
Eisen(II)sulfat heptahydrat
Ferrosulfate, Copperas
Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous sulfate (1:1)
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
ferrous sulphate
Ferrous Sulphate
Ferrous sulphate
Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate
ferrous sulphate, ferrous sulfate, iron sulfate, ferric sulfate, iron(II)sulfate
GFU Iron(II)sulphate
iron (2+) sulfate
iron (2+) sulfate heptahydrate
iron (2+) sulphate
Iron (II) sulfate
iron (II) sulfate
iron (II) sulfate (1:1) heptahydrate
IRON (II) SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE
iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate
Iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate
iron (II) sulphate
iron (II) sulphate monohydrate
Iron (II)sulfato hydrate
iron sulfate
Iron sulfate
iron sulfate heptahydrate
Iron Sulphate
Iron sulphate
iron sulphate
Iron Sulphate
Iron sulphate
iron sulphate
iron sulphate (technical grade)
iron sulphate heptahydrate
iron sulphate hydrates SBE (by-product of the steel industry where the pickling process are used to clean the metal surface placed on the market)
Iron sulphate, Ferrous sulfate
Iron(+2) cation sulfate
iron(2+) sulfate
iron(2+) sulfate
Iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate
iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate
iron(2+) sulfate monohydrate
iron(2+);sulfate;heptahydrate
Iron(II) sulfate
Iron(II) sulfate
Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate
iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate
Iron(II) sulfate or Iron(2+) sulfate
iron(II) sulphate
iron(II)sulfate
iron(II)sulfate heptahydrate
Iron(III) sulfate
iron; sulfuric acid
iron;sulfuric acid
siarczan żalazawy
solfato di ferro (II) eptaidrato
Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:1)
sulfuric acid, iron(II) salt (1:1), heptahydrate
Síran železnatý bezvodý, mono(hepta)hydrátIron Sulphate unhydrous, monohydrous, heptahydrous
Vas(II)-szulfát-heptahidrát
Zelená skalice

Trade names:
[CZ] Skalice zelená
[EN] Green Vitriol
Caparrosa
Coagulant
Combiron
Copperas
Dechromator
Duretter
Duroferon
Eisensulfat Feinkristallin Heptahydrat FeSO4.7 H2O
Eisensulfat Feinkristallin Heptahydrat FeSO4.7 H2O, rieselfähig
Exsiccated ferrous sulfate
Exsiccated ferrous sulphate
Feofol Spansule
Feosol
Feospan
Fer-In-Sol
Fero-Folic 500
Ferralyn
Ferro-Gradumet
Ferro-Theron
FERROGRANUL 20
FERROGRANUL 30
Ferromyn
FERROPOWDER 30
FERROSALT 18
Ferrosand
Ferrosulfaatti, Kemwater COP
Ferrosulfate
Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous sulfate (1:1)
Ferrous sulfate dried
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
Ferrous Sulphate
Ferrous sulphate
Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate
ferrous sulphate heptahydrate
Ferrous sulphate microcrystalline Heptahydrate FeSO4.7H2O
Ferrous sulphate microcrystalline Heptahydrate FeSO4.7H2O, freeflowing
Ferrous Sulphate Monohydrate
Ferrous sulphate monohydrate
ferrous sulphate monohydrate
Fersolate
FESPOL 20
FESPOL 28
Green Salts
Green vitriol
HEPTASAL
Iron monosulfate
Iron sulfate (1:1)
Iron sulfate (FeSO4)
Iron sulphate
Iron sulphate heptahydrate
Iron vitriol
Iron(2+) sulfate
iron(2+) sulfate
Iron(2+) sulfate (1:1)
Iron(II) sulfate
Irospan
Kesuka
KROnoCHROME
Microfer Spansule
Mistrale 50
MONOSAL
Odophos
QUICKFLOC
Quickfloc
Quickfloc (salt)
SACHTOFER DD2C
SACHTOFER DRY
SACHTOFER MOIST
SACHTOFER S
SACHTOFER SEMIDRY
SACHTOFER TM
SFE 171
siarczan żelaza(II) jednowodny
siarczan żelaza(II) siedmiowodny
Slow-Fe
Solfato di ferro microcristallino eptaidrato
Sulferrous
Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:1) (8CI, 9CI) (CA INDEX NAME)
Sulphate of iron

Other names:
Iron(II) sulphate
Ferrous sulfate
Green vitriol
Iron vitriol
Ferrous vitriol
Copperas
Melanterite
Szomolnokite

Other identifiers:
026-003-00-7
026-003-01-4
13463-43-9
139939-63-2
139939-63-2
56172-58-8
56172-58-8
7720-78-7

Green Vitriol; Copperas; Melanterite; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt, heptahydrate; Ferrosulfat (German); cas no: 7782-63-0

Green Vitriol; Copperas; Melanterite; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt, heptahydrate; Ferrosulfat (German); Cas no :7782-63-0

Ferulic acid is a pale yellow solid, It belongs to the family of hydroxycinnamic acids.
Ferulic acid is an abundant phenolic phytochemical found in plant cell wall components.
Natural sources of ferulic acid are leaves and seeds of many plants, such as cereals, coffee, apples, artichokes, peanuts, oranges, pineapples and wine.

CAS Number: 1135-24-6
Molecular Formula: C10H10O4
Molecular Weight: 194.18
EINECS Number: 214-490-0

Ferulic acid is widely found in plants, especially in artichoke, eggplant and corn bran.
In addition, Ferulic acid is also present in a variety of Chinese herbal medicines, such as angelica, dome, motherwort, snow ganoderma lucidum and so on.
Ferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid, is an organic compound with the formula (CH3O)HOC6H3CH=CHCO2H.
The name is derived from the genus Ferula, referring to the giant fennel (Ferula communis).

Classified as a phenolic phytochemical, ferulic acid is an amber colored solid.
Esters of ferulic acid are found in plant cell walls, covalently bonded to hemicellulose such as arabinoxylans.
Ferulic acid is biosynthesized in plants from caffeic acid by the action of the enzyme caffeate O-methyltransferase.

Ferulic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound that belongs to the group of hydroxycinnamic acids.
Ferulic acid is found in various plants, especially in seeds and cell walls, where it plays a role in plant defense mechanisms.
Ferulic acid is known for its antioxidant and UV protection properties, and it has gained significant attention in the skincare and cosmetic industries due to its potential benefits for human skin.

Ferulic acid is a kind of phenolic acid extracted from the resin of ferula asafetida.
Ferula asafetida is a kind of Umbelliferae perennial herb with a strong garlic smell and living in sandy areas.
Ferulic acid is mainly produced in Xinjiang. During the nascent stage, there are only root leaves.

Ferulic acid is naturally found in a variety of plants, including bran and bamboo, and it’s often used as an antioxidant in skincare products.
Ferulic acid, together with dihydroferulic acid, is a component of lignocellulose, serving to crosslink the lignin and polysaccharides, thereby conferring rigidity to the cell walls.

Ferulic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of monolignols, the monomers of lignin, and is also used for the synthesis of lignans.
Ferulic acid is light yellow crystalline powder.
Ferulic acid is slightly soluble in cold water; soluble in hot water, with poor stability in aqueous solution; easily decomposed when encounter light; soluble in ethanol and ethyl acetate; slightly soluble in ether; insoluble in benzene and petroleum ether.

Ferulic acid is a potent antioxidant, which means it helps neutralize harmful free radicals that can damage cells and contribute to premature aging, skin damage, and other health issues.
When combined with other antioxidants like vitamins C and E, ferulic acid has been shown to enhance the protective effects against UV radiation from the sun.
Ferulic acid makes it a popular ingredient in skincare products designed to protect the skin from sun damage.

Ferulic acid can potentially help even out skin tone and reduce the appearance of hyperpigmentation, such as age spots and sunspots, by inhibiting the production of melanin.
Some studies suggest that ferulic acid may promote the production of collagen, a protein that gives skin its structure and elasticity.
This can contribute to a more youthful and firm appearance.

Ferulic acid has shown anti-inflammatory properties that can be beneficial for soothing and calming irritated or sensitive skin.
Ferulic acid is known to enhance the stability of certain vitamins, particularly vitamin C.
When combined with vitamin C, it helps prevent oxidation and degradation, allowing the product to remain effective for a longer time.

Due to its various beneficial properties, ferulic acid is often included in serums, moisturizers, sunscreens, and other skincare products targeting anti-aging, protection, and overall skin health.
Ferulic acid is an aromatic acid widely being presented in plant kingdom and is the components of suberin.
It amount is very small presented in plants in its free state but with its main form in forming bound state with oligosaccharides, polyamines, lipids and polysaccharides.

Ferulic acid has many health functions, such as free radical scavenging, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, prevention and treatment of hypertension, heart disease, and enhanced sperm activity and so on.
Ferulic acid has a low toxicity and is easy for being metabolized by human.
It can be used as a food preservative and has a wide range of applications in the field of food and medication.

Ferulic acid can be obtained through chemical synthesis and extraction.
Laboratory dissolves the vanillin, malonic acid and piperidine in pyridine for reaction of three weeks after which with hydrochloric acid precipitation, you can obtain ferulic acid.

Ferulic acid is a derivative of cinnamic acid with molecular formula C10H10O4.
In 1886, Hlasiwetz Barth, an Austrian, isolated 3-methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid from the genus Ferula foetida for structure determination.
Ferulic acid together with dihydroferulic acid, is a component of lignocelluloses, conferring cell wall rigidity by cross linking lignin and polysaccharides.

Ferulic acid is commonly found in seeds of plant such as rice, wheat and oats.
Besides, Ferulic Acid exhibited biochemical role in the inhibition of seed germination, inhibition of indole-acetic acid and enzyme, inhibition of decarboxylation activity & other protective effect on micro-organisms and pets.
The syntheis of Ferulic acid was established by Dutt in 1935 when ferulic acid was used as a precursor in the manufacturing of vanillin and malonic acid.

There are vast numbers of studies documented on the bio-medical properties of ferulic acid such as antioxidant activity, UV-absorbing capacity & its effect of lignin as precursor in plants metabolic pathway.
Ferulic acid, being highly abundant, is indeed difficult to synthesize, Oryza Oil & Fat Chemical has successfully developed an efficient method to extract ferulic acid from rice bran and suitable for applications in the health and beauty arena.

Melting point: 168-172 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 250.62°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.316(20.0000℃)
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.5168 (estimate)
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
pka: 4.58±0.10(Predicted)
form: powder
color: slightly yellow
Water Solubility: soluble
InChIKey: KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N
LogP: 1.51

Ferulic acid, aka hydroxycinnamic acid, is a powerful antioxidant that neutralizes free-radical damage from pollution, ultraviolet light, or infrared radiation, all of which accelerate skin aging.
Ferulic acid's found in the cell wall of plants like oats, brown rice, peanuts, and oranges, but Levin says you typically hear of it associated with apples.
Naturally, ferulic acid is botanically derived, but it can be created in a lab for quality control, consistency, and consumer safety.

Ferulic acid mostly comes in a liquid form and can be found in serums, but can also be in the form of cream when packaged in a pump.
Ferulic acid can competitively inhibit the liver mevalonate-5-pyrophosphate dehydrogenase activity, inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, so as to achieve the purpose of lowering blood pressure.

Ferulic acid is naturally present in a variety of plant-based foods, including whole grains, seeds (such as rice bran and wheat germ), fruits (such as oranges and apples), and vegetables (such as spinach and tomatoes).
Ferulic acid's antioxidant properties are also utilized in the food industry as a natural preservative to prevent oxidative deterioration and extend the shelf life of various products.

Beyond skincare, ferulic acid has been studied for potential health benefits.
Ferulic acid's been associated with anti-inflammatory effects and may have a role in promoting heart health and reducing the risk of certain chronic diseases.
Ferulic acid's antioxidant and protective properties can also extend to hair care products.

Ferulic acid might be included in shampoos, conditioners, and serums to help protect hair from environmental stressors and damage.
Ferulic acid has been the subject of numerous scientific studies investigating its potential benefits for skin health, sun protection, and overall wellness.
Research is ongoing to further understand its mechanisms of action and potential applications.

Ferulic acid can be derived from natural sources, such as plant extracts, or it can be synthesized for use in skincare and cosmetic products.
Natural sources are often preferred due to their potential to contain other beneficial compounds.
Ferulic acid, like other antioxidants, can be sensitive to light and air, which can cause it to degrade over time.

Ferulic acid is also being explored for potential medical applications, such as in wound healing, anti-inflammatory treatments, and even as a possible adjuvant in cancer therapies.
However, these areas of research are still in their early stages.
Ferulic acid exhibits a broader anti-bacterial spectrum.

Ferulic acid has been found that ferulic acid is able to inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 11 kinds of microorganisms which causing food corruption.
Ferulic acid has various effects of inhibiting platelet aggregation, expectorant, and inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and so on.

Clinically ferulic acid is mainly applied to the adjuvant treatment of various kinds of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular, renal disease, pulmonary hypertension, diabetic vascular disease, and vasculitis as well as neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
Ferulic acid can be used for treating migraine and vascular headache.

As a leukocyte-enhancement drug, this drug also has enhanced hematopoietic function.
Therefore, ferulic acid may also be for the treatment of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
Ferulic acid is an antioxidant compound in plant cells.

Manufacturers add Ferulic acid to certain skin care products to help reduce inflammation and signs of aging and even the skin’s tone.
Ferulic Acid (FA) is a goodie that can be found naturally in plant cell walls.
There is a lot of it especially in the bran of grasses such as rice, wheat and oats.

Ferulic acid owes its fame to a 2005 research that discovered that adding in 0.5% FA to a 15% Vitamin C + 1% Vitamin E solution not only stabilizes the highly unstable, divaish Vit C, but it also doubles the photoprotection abilities of the formula.
Chemically reactive molecules known as free radicals are produced as byproducts of normal biochemical processes.

Ferulic acid is excellent at neutralizing free radicals, especially the free radicals known as "superoxide", "hydroxyl radical" and "nitric oxide".
Ferulic acid also acts synergistically with other antioxidants to increase their efficacy.
Interestingly, Ferulic Acid's antioxidant activity is boosted by exposure to UV light, indicating it may be helpful in protecting skin fro sun damage.

Uses
Ferulic acid can be used as a food preservative and a kind of organic chemicals.
Ferulic acid can be used as the intermediates of cinametic acid. It can also be used as food preservative.
Ferulic acid can also be applied to biochemical studies.

Ferulic acid is a plant-derived anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenger, it protects the skin against uVB-induced redness.
When incorporated into formulas with ascorbic acid and tocopherol, ferulic acid can improve their stability and double the photoprotection capacities offered by the formulation.
In clinical studies, ferulic acid exhibits good permeation capacities through the stratum corneum, which can be attributed to its lipophilic properties.

Ferulic acid is available in both supplemental form and as part of anti-aging serums.
Ferulic acid’s primarily used to fight off free radicals, which play a role in age-related skin issues, including age spots and wrinkles.
Ferulic acid is commonly used in skincare products for its antioxidant benefits.

Ferulic acid's often included in serums, moisturizers, and sunscreens to provide protection against environmental stressors, UV radiation, and free radicals that can lead to premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and other skin concerns.
Due to its ability to neutralize free radicals and promote collagen production, ferulic acid is included in many anti-aging skincare products.

Ferulic acid helps reduce the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging skin.
When combined with vitamins C and E, ferulic acid can enhance the UV protection provided by sunscreens.
This combination helps prevent sun-induced skin damage, including sunburn and long-term photodamage.

Ferulic acid's ability to inhibit melanin production can contribute to more even skin tone and reduced hyperpigmentation, making it a popular ingredient in products designed to address sunspots, age spots, and melasma.
Ferulic acid's antioxidant properties can benefit hair health as well.

Ferulic acid's used in hair care products like shampoos, conditioners, and leave-in treatments to protect hair from damage caused by environmental factors and styling tools.
Ferulic acid's anti-inflammatory properties have led to its exploration in wound healing and tissue repair.

Ferulic acid might be used in topical formulations for minor cuts, burns, and skin irritations.
Ferulic acid can be found in various cosmetic products, including foundations, primers, and makeup setting sprays.
Its antioxidant properties can help protect the skin from the oxidative stress caused by makeup application and wear.

Ferulic acid supplements are available for those seeking to boost their antioxidant intake.
These supplements are often marketed for overall health and wellness benefits.
Ferulic acid is naturally present in various foods and acts as a natural antioxidant and preservative.

Ferulic acid's used in the food industry to prevent oxidation and prolong the shelf life of products.
Beyond skincare and cosmetics, ferulic acid is being studied for its potential health benefits in the medical field.
Research is ongoing to explore its potential role in conditions such as inflammation, heart health, and cancer treatment.

In the plant kingdom, ferulic acid acts as a natural sunscreen, absorbing UV radiation and protecting plant tissues from damage.
Ferulic acid’s also available as a supplement intended for daily use.
Some studies suggest that ferulic acid may be helpful for people with diabetes and pulmonary hypertension.

Ferulic acid is often used in combination with other antioxidants, such as vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (tocopherol), to create a synergistic effect.
This combination enhances the overall antioxidant and photoprotective properties of the formulation.
Ferulic acid supplements are available in capsule or tablet form.

Ferulic acid is being studied for its potential health benefits beyond skincare.
Ferulic acid's being investigated for its anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer properties.
Research is ongoing to understand how ferulic acid may be used in the prevention and management of various health conditions.

Ferulic acid can be added to food and beverages as a natural antioxidant.
Ferulic acid's used to improve the stability of products, enhance their color, and extend their shelf life.

Ferulic acid's antioxidant properties can contribute to the preservation of cosmetic formulations by slowing down the oxidation of ingredients.
This can help maintain the effectiveness and stability of the product.

In agriculture, ferulic acid can be used as a growth promoter for plants.
Ferulic acid has been shown to enhance the growth of certain crops by improving nutrient uptake and providing protection against environmental stressors.
Ferulic acid has been explored as a natural dye in various industries, including textiles.

Ferulic acids antioxidant properties can contribute to color stability and longevity.
Ferulic acid is being researched for potential applications in drug delivery systems and as a component in pharmaceutical formulations due to its bioactive properties.

Ferulic acid can be found in some essential oils due to its presence in certain plant sources.
Essential oils containing ferulic acid are sometimes used in aromatherapy for their potential health benefits.

Ferulic acid is sometimes added to functional foods, which are designed to provide specific health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
These foods might include fortified cereals, beverages, and snacks.
In textiles, ferulic acid has been investigated as a potential agent for producing wrinkle-resistant fabrics by cross-linking cellulose fibers.

Safety
While allergic reactions to ferulic acid are rare, individuals with known allergies to certain plants or compounds should exercise caution.
It's a good practice to perform a patch test before using products that contain ferulic acid, especially if you have a history of skin sensitivities or allergies.

Some studies suggest that high concentrations of ferulic acid in combination with sunlight exposure might increase the skin's photosensitivity.
This means that when exposed to sunlight, skin treated with high concentrations of ferulic acid could potentially be more prone to sunburn.
However, the concentrations used in most skincare products are generally within safe ranges.

In some cases, individuals with very sensitive skin might experience mild irritation when using products containing ferulic acid.
This is more likely to occur when using high concentrations or in combination with other active ingredients.
When taken as a dietary supplement, ferulic acid is generally considered safe for most people.

Ferulic acid's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before adding it to your regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications.
While there is limited research on the safety of ferulic acid during pregnancy and breastfeeding, it's generally recommended to exercise caution and consult with a healthcare provider before using products containing ferulic acid in these periods.

Synonyms
ferulic acid
trans-Ferulic Acid
1135-24-6
537-98-4
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
trans-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid
(E)-Ferulic acid
Coniferic acid
ferulate
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-
Ferulic acid, trans-
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
(E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
3-methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
Fumalic acid
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-, (E)-
(E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
UNII-AVM951ZWST
(E)-4'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxycinnamic acid
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, (2E)-
AVM951ZWST
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid
ferulic acid, (E)-isomer
EINECS 208-679-7
Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-, trans-
MFCD00004400
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, (E)-
(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid
CCRIS 3256
CCRIS 7127
CIS-FERULICACID
CHEBI:17620
HSDB 7663
NSC 2821
NSC-2821
EINECS 214-490-0
NSC 51986
NSC-51986
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid
NSC 674320
(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Fumalic acid (Ferulic acid)
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid
(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
CHEMBL32749
CCRIS 7575
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propenoic acid
C10H10O4
NSC2821
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate
NSC-674320
97274-61-8
3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamic acid
(E)-Ferulate
trans-Ferulic Acid (purified by sublimation)
4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXY-D3-CINNAMIC ACID
FERULIC ACID (USP-RS)
FERULIC ACID [USP-RS]
CINNAMIC ACID,4-HYDROXY,3-METHOXY FERULIC ACID
caffeic acid 3-methyl ether
SMR000112202
3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
DTXSID5040673
ferulasaure
Ferulicacid
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnammic acid
trans-Ferulate
(E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate
trans-FerulicAcid
Ferulic acid, E-
Ferulic acid (FA)
(E)-Coniferic acid
trans-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamicacid
Ferulic acid (M5)
Ferulic Acid ,(S)
FERULIC-ACID
Spectrum5_000554
bmse000459
bmse000587
bmse010211
D03SLR
FERULIC ACID [MI]
trans-Ferulic acid, 99%
FERULIC ACID [HSDB]
FERULIC ACID [INCI]
SCHEMBL15673
BSPBio_003168
MLS001066385
MLS001332483
MLS001332484
MLS002207079
MLS006011435
SPECTRUM1501017
trans-Ferulic acid, >=99%
FERULIC ACID [WHO-DD]
DTXCID3020673
DTXSID70892035
HMS1921D05
HMS2269P04
(E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate
trans-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate
BCP21231
BCP21789
HY-N0060
NSC51986
STR00961
(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-Cinnamate
TRANS-FERULIC ACID [WHO-DD]
(E)4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
AC7905
BBL010345
BDBM50214744
CCG-38860
s2300
STK801551
4- hydroxy- 3- methoxycinnamic acid
AKOS000263735
AC-7965
BCP9000163
DB07767
PS-3435
SDCCGMLS-0066667.P001
trans-3-methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-Cinnamic acid
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propenoate
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, trans
NCGC00094889-01
NCGC00094889-02
NCGC00094889-03
NCGC00094889-04
AC-10321
BS-17543
LS-54115
SMR004703246
AM20060784
CS-0007108
F1257
H0267
SW219616-1
EN300-16798
C01494
Trans-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid
A829775
FERULIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF BLACK COHOSH)
Q417362
SR-01000765539
(2E)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate
(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoicacid
J-002980
SR-01000765539-3
Z56782558
(E)-3-(3-methoxy-4-oxidanyl-phenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
FERULIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF BLACK COHOSH) [DSC]
055E203F-B305-4B7F-8CE7-F9C0C03AB609
3986A1BE-A670-4B06-833B-E17253079FD8
Ferulic acid, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
trans-Ferulic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
Diethyl2-(acetamido)-2-(2-(bromomethyl)-5-nitrobenzyl)malonate
Ferulic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
trans-Ferulic acid, matrix substance for MALDI-MS, >=99.0% (HPLC)
Ferulic Acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
831-85-6

Ocimum Basilicum Leaf Extract ;sweet basil leaf extract; extract of the leaves of the basil, ocimum basilicum l., labiatae cas no:84775-71-3

BASIL OIL ;ocimum basilicum herb oil; sweet basil oil; lemon basil; basil type linalool ; basil methyl chavicol; tropical basil oil CAS NO:8015-73-4

SYNONYMS Fexofenadine hydrochloride, Fexofenidine hydrochloride, MDL 16455 hydrochloride, Terfenidine carboxylate hydrochloride cas no:153439-40-8

hazelnut flavor; hawaiian hazelnut flavor; artificial hazelnut flavor; hazelnut flavor natural; hazelnut flavor organic; hazelnut powder

Corylus Avellana Seed Extract ;extract of the nuts of the hazelnut, corylus avellana l., betulaceae; hazelnut extract cas no:84012-21-5

DESCRIPTION:
FINNTALC M15 is a hydrated magnesium silicate with chemical formula of Mg3Si4O10(OH)2.
Finntalc grades are purified in a cascade of multiple flotation cells.
This process results in a tight definition of the talc composition, making this natural product similar to a synthetic chemical.

CAS-number: 14807-96-6

In combination with a precisely controlled particle size distribution, this ensures exact reproducibility in formulations.
Finntalc M15 is floated, medium sized, laminar talc (Mg-silicate).
Finntalc M15 is recommended for paints & coatings.


Finntalc M15 is a part of the most tightly defined talc product lines worldwide, with the highest consistency and reproducibility, and has 18% of the particle size Finntalc M15 has applications in interior flat emulsion paints, exterior flat emulsion paints, multi-purpose interior/exterior paints, flexible exterior wall paints, semi-gloss emulsion paints, outdoor wood paints, elastomeric coatings, silk and eggshell paints, general industrial protective coatings, heavy duty maintenance coatings, high solids-low VOC coatings, alkyd, epoxy, RU primers - solvent based, water based epoxies, ballast coatings, marine coatings, offshore/onshore coatings, automotive OEM-intermediate coatings, commercial vehicles, freight container, yacht paints, and gel coats.


APPLICATIONS OF FINNTALC M15:
Paints & Coatings: General purpose architectural, industrial coatings with dry film thickness of 50 - 60 µm.
Plastics: For automotive cabin and under the hood, appliances, pipes, powdering, profiles, packaging, sheets and furniture.
FINNTALC M15 can be used in Polyester Putties

FINNTALC M15 can be used as a functional extender to achieve following results:
Paints & Coatings: Good barrier properties, excellent wet scrub resistance, balanced optical properties, good outdoor durability, good anti-corrosion properties, good sandability and adhesion.
Plastics: Consistent color, low abrasion and longer tool life.
Compacted grades are available for low dust generation and easy handling resulting in higher compounding throughput.

LEVELS OF USE:
Typical use levels for paints and coatings applications are 5 - 30 % depending upon the application and the desired properties.
Typical use levels for talc in plastics depending upon the application.
Please contact your local sales representative for advice.

HEALTH AND SAFETY:
Before using this product please consult our Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for information on safe handling and storage.
The SDS can be found on the company website.

STORAGE RECOMMENDATIONS:
Store dry.
SHELF LIFE:
FINNTALC M15 has a shelf life of 5 (five) years from the date of manufacture.
QUALITY ASSURANCE:
Since 1992 the company is a holder of the ISO 9001 certificate, which guarantees that all operations are conducted according to the stipulated standards.


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT FINNTALC M15:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FINNTALC M15:
pH: 9.1
VOC content: none
SVOC content: none
BIT (ppm): not added
CMIT/MIT mix (ppm) : not added
MIT (ppm) : not added
Bronopol (ppm) : not added
Type: Filler
Avarage particle size, μm: 44320
Surface area: 6
Form: Powder
Density g/mL: 2.7
Density for calculations: 2.70

























FINNTALC M15

TANIM:
FINNTALC M15, kimyasal formülü Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 olan hidratlı bir magnezyum silikattır.
Finntalc sınıfları, çoklu flotasyon hücrelerinin bir kademesinde saflaştırılır.
Bu işlem, talk bileşiminin kesin bir tanımıyla sonuçlanır ve bu doğal ürünü sentetik bir kimyasala benzer hale getirir.

CAS numarası: 14807-96-6

Kesin olarak kontrol edilen bir parçacık boyutu dağılımı ile birlikte bu, formülasyonlarda tam tekrarlanabilirlik sağlar.
Finntalc M15 yüzer, orta boy, laminer talktır (Mg-silikat).
Boyalar ve kaplamalar için Finntalc M15 önerilir.


Finntalc M15, dünya çapında en sıkı şekilde tanımlanmış talk ürün serilerinin bir parçasıdır, en yüksek tutarlılık ve yeniden üretilebilirliğe sahiptir ve partikül boyutunun %18'i Finntalc M15'in iç cephe düz emülsiyon boyaları, dış cephe düz emülsiyon boyaları, çok amaçlı iç/dış cephe boyaları, esnek dış cephe boyaları, yarı parlak emülsiyon boyaları, dış mekan ahşap boyaları, elastomerik kaplamalar, ipek ve yumurta kabuğu boyaları, genel endüstriyel koruyucu kaplamalarda uygulamaları vardır. , ağır hizmet bakım kaplamaları, yüksek katı madde-düşük VOC kaplamaları, alkid, epoksi, RU astarları - solvent bazlı, su bazlı epoksiler, balast kaplamaları, denizcilik kaplamaları, açık deniz/kara kaplamaları, otomotiv OEM-ara kaplamaları, ticari araçlar, yük konteyneri, yat boyaları ve jelkotlar.


FINNTALC M15 UYGULAMALARI:
Boyalar ve Kaplamalar: Kuru film kalınlığı 50 - 60 µm olan genel amaçlı mimari, endüstriyel kaplamalar.
Plastikler: Otomotiv kabini ve kaporta altı, cihazlar, borular, tozlama, profiller, ambalajlar, levhalar ve mobilyalar için.
Polyester Macunlarda kullanılabilir

FINNTALC M15, aşağıdaki sonuçları elde etmek için işlevsel bir genişletici olarak kullanılabilir:
Boyalar ve Kaplamalar: İyi bariyer özellikleri, mükemmel ıslak ovalama direnci, dengeli optik özellikler, iyi dış mekan dayanıklılığı, iyi korozyon önleme özellikleri, iyi zımparalanabilirlik ve yapışma.
Plastikler: Tutarlı renk, düşük aşınma ve daha uzun takım ömrü.
Düşük toz üretimi ve daha yüksek bileşik verimi sağlayan kolay kullanım için kompakt kaliteler mevcuttur.

KULLANIM SEVİYELERİ:
Boya ve kaplama uygulamaları için tipik kullanım seviyeleri, uygulamaya ve istenen özelliklere bağlı olarak %5 - 30'dur.
Uygulamaya bağlı olarak plastiklerde talk için tipik kullanım seviyeleri.
Tavsiye için lütfen yerel satış temsilcinizle iletişime geçin.

SAĞLIK VE GÜVENLİK:
Bu ürünü kullanmadan önce, güvenli kullanım ve depolama hakkında bilgi için lütfen Güvenlik Veri Sayfamıza (SDS) bakın.
SDS şirketin web sitesinde bulunabilir.

DEPOLAMA ÖNERİLERİ:
Kuru saklayın.
RAF ÖMRÜ:
FINNTALC M15'in raf ömrü üretim tarihinden itibaren 5 (beş) yıldır.
KALİTE GÜVENCESİ:
1992 yılından beri şirket, tüm operasyonların öngörülen standartlara göre yürütüldüğünü garanti eden ISO 9001 sertifikasına sahiptir.


FINNTALC M15 HAKKINDA GÜVENLİK BİLGİLERİ:
İlk YARDIM TEDBİRLERİ:
İlk yardım önlemlerinin açıklaması:
Genel tavsiye:
Bir doktora danışın.
Bu güvenlik bilgi formunu görevli doktora gösterin.
Tehlikeli bölgeden uzaklaşın:

Solunması halinde:
Solunursa, kişiyi temiz havaya çıkarın.
Nefes almıyorsa suni teneffüs yapın.
Bir doktora danışın.
Cilt ile teması halinde:
Kirlenmiş giysi ve ayakkabıları hemen çıkarın.
Sabun ve bol su ile yıkayınız.
Bir doktora danışın.

Göz teması halinde:
En az 15 dakika bol su ile iyice yıkayınız ve bir doktora başvurunuz.
Hastaneye nakil sırasında gözleri yıkamaya devam edin.

Yutulması halinde:
KUSTURMAYIN.
Bilinci yerinde olmayan bir kişiye asla ağızdan bir şey vermeyin.
Ağzı suyla çalkalayın.
Bir doktora danışın.

Yangınla mücadele önlemleri:
Yıkıcı medya:
Uygun söndürücü maddeler:
Su spreyi, alkole dayanıklı köpük, kuru kimyasal veya karbondioksit kullanın.
Madde veya karışımdan kaynaklanan özel tehlikeler
Karbon oksitler, Azot oksitler (NOx), Hidrojen klorür gazı

İtfaiyeciler için tavsiyeler:
Gerekirse yangınla mücadele için bağımsız solunum aparatı kullanın.
Kazalara KARŞI ALINACAK ÖNLEMLER:
Kişisel önlemler, koruyucu ekipman ve acil durum prosedürleri
Kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanın.

Buharları, sisi veya gazı solumaktan kaçının.
Personeli güvenli alanlara tahliye edin.

Çevresel önlemler:
Yapılması güvenliyse daha fazla sızıntı veya dökülme olmasını önleyin.
Ürünün kanalizasyona girmesine izin vermeyin.
Çevreye deşarjından kaçınılmalıdır.

Muhafaza etme ve temizleme için yöntemler ve malzemeler:
İnert emici malzeme ile emdirin ve tehlikeli atık olarak imha edin.
Bertaraf için uygun, kapalı kaplarda saklayın.

TAŞIMA VE DEPOLAMA:
Güvenli kullanım için önlemler:
Buhar veya sisi solumaktan kaçının.

Herhangi bir uyumsuzluk da dahil olmak üzere güvenli depolama koşulları:
Kabı sıkıca kapalı olarak kuru ve iyi havalandırılan bir yerde saklayın.
Açılan kaplar, sızıntıyı önlemek için dikkatlice kapatılmalı ve dik tutulmalıdır.
Depolama sınıfı (TRGS 510): 8A: Yanıcı, aşındırıcı tehlikeli maddeler

Maruz kalma kontrolleri / kişisel korunma:
Kontrol parametreleri:
İş yeri kontrol parametrelerine sahip bileşenler
Mesleki maruziyet sınır değerleri olan hiçbir madde içermez.
Pozlama kontrolleri:
Uygun mühendislik kontrolleri:
İyi endüstriyel hijyen ve güvenlik uygulamalarına uygun olarak taşıyın.
Molalardan önce ve iş gününün sonunda ellerinizi yıkayın.

Kişisel koruyucu ekipman:
Göz/yüz koruması:
Sıkıca oturan güvenlik gözlükleri.
Yüz siperi (en az 8 inç).
NIOSH (ABD) veya EN 166(AB) gibi uygun hükümet standartlarına göre test edilmiş ve onaylanmış göz koruması ekipmanı kullanın.

Cilt koruması:
Eldivenle tutun.
Eldivenler kullanılmadan önce kontrol edilmelidir.
Uygun eldiven kullanın
Bu ürünle cilt temasını önlemek için (eldivenin dış yüzeyine dokunmadan) çıkarma tekniği.
Kirlenmiş eldivenleri kullandıktan sonra yürürlükteki yasalara ve iyi laboratuvar uygulamalarına uygun olarak atın.
Ellerinizi yıkayın ve kurulayın.

Tam iletişim:
Malzeme: Nitril kauçuk
Minimum katman kalınlığı: 0,11 mm
Geçiş süresi: 480 dakika
Test edilen malzeme: Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Boyut M)
Sıçrama teması
Malzeme: Nitril kauçuk
Minimum katman kalınlığı: 0,11 mm
Geçiş süresi: 480 dakika
Test edilen malzeme: Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Boyut M)
Herhangi bir özel kullanım senaryosu için onay verdiği şeklinde yorumlanmamalıdır.

Vücut koruması:
Kimyasallara karşı tam koruma sağlayan tulum, İşyerine özgü tehlikeli maddenin konsantrasyonuna ve miktarına göre koruyucu ekipman türü seçilmelidir.
Solunum koruma:
Risk değerlendirmesinin hava temizleyici solunum cihazlarının uygun olduğunu gösterdiği durumlarda, mühendislik kontrollerinin yedeği olarak çok amaçlı kombinasyon (ABD) veya ABEK (EN 14387) tipi solunum kartuşları ile tam yüz maskesi kullanın.

Solunum cihazı tek koruma aracıysa, yüzü tamamen kapatan bir hava respiratörü kullanın.
NIOSH (ABD) veya CEN (AB) gibi uygun hükümet standartları kapsamında test edilmiş ve onaylanmış solunum cihazlarını ve bileşenlerini kullanın.
Çevresel maruziyetin kontrolü
Yapılması güvenliyse daha fazla sızıntı veya dökülme olmasını önleyin.
Ürünün kanalizasyona girmesine izin vermeyin.
Çevreye deşarjından kaçınılmalıdır.

KARARLILIK VE reaktivite:
Kimyasal stabilite:
Tavsiye edilen saklama koşullarında kararlıdır.
Uyumsuz malzemeler:
Güçlü oksitleyici maddeler:
Tehlikeli atık:
Yangın koşullarında oluşan tehlikeli bozunma ürünleri.
Karbon oksitler, Azot oksitler (NOx), Hidrojen klorür gazı.

İmha hususları:
Atık arıtma yöntemleri:
Ürün:
Lisanslı bir imha şirketine fazla ve geri dönüştürülemez çözümler sunun.
Bu malzemeyi atmak için lisanslı bir profesyonel atık imha servisiyle iletişime geçin.
Kirlenmiş ambalaj:
Kullanılmayan ürün olarak imha edin


FINNTALC M15'İN KİMYASAL VE FİZİKSEL ÖZELLİKLERİ:
pH: 9.1
VOC içeriği: yok
SVOC içeriği: yok
BIT (ppm): eklenmedi
CMIT/MIT karışımı (ppm) : eklenmedi
MIT (ppm) : eklenmemiş
Bronopol (ppm) : eklenmemiş
Tür: Dolgu
Ortalama parçacık boyutu, μm: 44320
Yüzey alanı: 6
Form: Pudra
Yoğunluk g/mL: 2,7
Hesaplamalar için yoğunluk: 2.70

Firemaster 600/602 is a low viscosity, high efficiency, phosphorus and bromine based flame retardant.
Firemaster 600/602 does not contain brominated diphenyl ether (PBDE).
Firemaster 600/602 shows outstanding resistance to foam discoloration, minimal effect upon IFD and compression set and produces white foam.

CAS: 26040-51-7
MF: C24H34Br4O4
MW: 706.14
EINECS: 247-426-5

Synonyms
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester;bis(2-ethylhexyl) 3,4,5,6-tetrabromobenzene-1,2-dicarboxylate;Bis(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromphthalat;2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester;Phthalic acid, tetrabromo-, di(2-ethylhexyl) ester;Phthalic acid,tetrabromo-,di(2-ethylhexyl)ester;3,4,5,6-Tetrabromo-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dioctyl ester;tetrabromophthalic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester

Firemaster 600/602 eliminates center softening in HR foams and even distribution throughout foam.
Firemaster 600/602 shows increased compatibility with polyols and good smolder performance in high density foam.
Firemaster 600/602 is used in HR, viscoelastic (memory) and conventional polyurethane foams.
The shelf life of this product is 6-12 months.
Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant is made from a mixture of brominated and phosphorus-based substancesthat significantly reduce the combustibility of flexible polyurethane (PU) foam. Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant is added to the foam formulation as a raw material during the foam manufacturing process.
Firemaster 600/602 contains the chemicals tetrabromobenzoate, tetrabromophthalate, tert-butylated triphenyl phosphate and triphenyl phosphate.
The resulting flame retardant mixture provides performance characteristics superior to those that the individual flame retardant substances would provide for PU foam on their own.
The chemicals that go into the production of Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant have been registered with appropriate regulatory agencies who have approved them for their intended use in flexible PU foam for furniture and other similar products.

Production:
The reaction product mixtures and substances used to make Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant are produced in dedicated manufacturing units.
During production, the raw materials are combined in separate chemical production units designed for the manufacture of chemicals.
The respective resulting reaction mixtures and individual substances are combined to formulate Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant.
Firemaster 600/602 is then packaged in bulk, semi-bulk and smaller packages for distribution to manufacturers that use it in their foam products.

Uses:
Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant is designed for use in flexible PU foam for upholstered furniture.
PU foam is highly flammable, unless a flame retardant is incorporated into the product during manufacturing.
When evaluated using standard test protocols, foam containing Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant takes longer to ignite and, if ignited, longer to become fully engulfed by flames versus untreated PU foam.
Unlike many other potential flame-retarding chemicals, Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant effectively retards flames while minimally
impacting foam color, cell structure, firmness, comfort and other qualities that are important to furniture manufacturers and consumers.

Health Effects:
Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant is safe to use in industrial settings equipped with suitable engineering controls when appropriate personal protective equipment is worn and proper hygiene measures are applied.
Consumers are not at risk of harm to exposure from Firemaster 600 in end-use consumer products.
Excessive exposure to the substances used to make Firemaster 600 flame retardant is unlikely to occur under normal working conditions.
In the unlikely event that a worker is subjected to excessive dermal or vapor exposures of the substances used to make Firemaster 600 flame retardant for a substantial length of time, adverse effects could result.
When mixed into polyurethane, which is then reacted to produce comfort foam, Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant becomes part of the polymer matrix of the foam, making direct exposure much less likely.
Further, in most furniture applications, foam is also covered by fabric and additional barriers that make intimate contact with the foam unlikely.
In any event, mere contact with the foam is not sufficient to produce adverse health effects.

Industrial Use:
Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant is used primarily to make flexible PU foam products that are used in the manufacture of furniture.
Firemaster 600/602 is only sold for use in highly controlled manufacturing facilities employing people trained in the handling of chemicals.
Firemaster 600/602 flame retardant used in a manufacturing setting should be handled using best practice techniques developed to minimize any potential risk of exposure to liquids and vapors.
Sites utilize highly-engineered systems to minimize the potential for exposure to all the chemicals used in the process.
Unplanned releases or spills of Firemaster 600 flame retardant are not likely to represent a lifethreatening situation.
In any spill or release incident, all non-essential personnel should be immediately evacuated upwind of the spilled material.
All personnel involved with correcting a spill situation are trained and properly equipped with the required personal protective equipment.

filipendula ulmaria extract; drop wort extract; meadow sweet extract; queen of the meadow extract; extract of the drop wort, spiraea ulmaria l., rosaceae CAS NO:84775-57-5

FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENER 230 N° CAS : 27344-06-5 Nom INCI : FLUORESCENT BRIGHTENER 230 Nom chimique : 2,2'-(1,2-Ethanedyil) bis[5-[[4-[(3-amino-3-oxopropyl) (2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-6-(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-benzenesulfonic acid, disodium salt N° EINECS/ELINCS : 248-420-5 Ses fonctions (INCI) Absorbant UV : Protège le produit cosmétique contre les effets de la lumière UV

SYNONYMS Saccarose; Table sugar; Beet sugar; Cane sugar CAS NO:57-50-1

Flame retardant is part of the group of Brominated and Chlorinated Flame Retardants.
Flame retardant is a flame retardant containing both aromatic and aliphatic bromine.
Flame retardant's is designed for use in polyolefin and styrenic resins, providing a UL94 V-2 rating.

CAS: 21850-44-2
MF: C21H20Br8O2
MW: 943.61
EINECS: 244-617-5

Flame retardant Chemical Properties
Melting point: 117°C
Boiling point: 676.5±55.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 2.169±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
Vapor pressure: 0.029Pa at 20℃
Storage temp.: Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under inert atmosphere
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Form: Solid
Color: White
Water Solubility: 144ng/L at 20℃
LogP: 7.2
CAS DataBase Reference: 21850-44-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Flame retardant (21850-44-2)

Uses
Flame retardant can also be applied to polypropylene, to reach a V-0 rating.
Flame retardant is a the DBP-based flame retardant for polyolefins and polymers, including PP, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE).
Flame retardant is also used in fabricated plastic sheet materials for application in the formation of a part of many electrical cabinets.
Flame retardant is an additive brominated flame retardants, can be widely used in polyolefin (pp), high impact polystyrene (HIPS) and ABS and other products.
Flame retardant is a good flame retardant of olefin resin, mainly used for various grades of polypropylene, polypropylene fiber, styrene butadiene rubber, cis butadiene rubber, etc.

Synthesis
Add bromine reaction and matting: in reactor, squeeze into 780 kilograms of chloroforms, get tetrabromo bisphenol A diene propyl ether and be dissolved in the chloroform solvent for 400 kilograms.
Squeeze into 216 kilograms of bromines after in the bromine header tank, adding 18 kilograms of aluminum bromides.
Start reactor and stir, open the reactor coolant valve, keep material in reactor, open bromine header tank baiting valve, in reactant, splash into bromine and catalyzer in the material continuously at 15～25 ℃.
Drip bromine and catalyzer and finish off-response still coolant valve.
40～45 ℃ of slakings 1 hour.
Add mass percent in the reactor and be 150 kilograms of 3% soda ash salt brine solutions, stirred 1 hour, tell washing soda salt solution, the clear water secondary washing is added in the back, tells washing water, makes the chloroformic solution of two (2, the 3-dibromopropyl) ethers of tetrabromo-bisphenol.

Spraying desolventizing and finished product operation: in the washing still, inject 1200 kilograms in clear water, open the steam system and the stirring of washing still, keep near 60 ℃ of the water lotion temperature.
Open the coolant system of atomizing precipitation tower middle part water vapor intake valve and atomizing precipitation top of tower interchanger.
Open the tetrabromo-bisphenol two (2 of atomizing precipitation tower top injector, the 3-dibromopropyl) ether chloroformic solution spraying feed valve, open baiting valve and still bottomspump at the bottom of the still of reactor, in atomizing precipitation tower, spray tetrabromo-bisphenol two (2, the 3-dibromopropyl) ether chloroformic solution, adjust two (2, the 3-dibromopropyl) the ether chloroformic solution input speeds of material pump discharge pressure and tetrabromo-bisphenol, make spray effect reach necessary requirement.

Two (2, the 3-dibromopropyl) the ether particle gravitates of tetrabromo-bisphenol that remove behind the chloroform solvent fall into the washing still, keep washing still temperature of charge and continue 2 hours for 60 ℃, finish spray atomization, the imitative solvent of dechlorination, granulation powder process, matting process.
Open the baiting valve of washing at the bottom of the still, emit in the washing still material and go into whizzer, carry out centrifuge dripping, filtration cakes torrefaction, make 712 kilograms of two (2, the 3-dibromopropyl) ether finished products of tetrabromo-bisphenol, yield 98.8%.
Analysis records 109～111 ℃ of fusing points, and the HPLC purity assay is 98.37%, and the GB2917-82 congo red method records 228 ℃ of heat decomposition temperatures.

Synonyms
21850-44-2
2,2-Bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)phenyl]propane
1,3-dibromo-5-[2-[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]-2-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)benzene
DTXSID3032129
YH2252CV63
Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether)
Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) ether
Tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether)
Bis(2,3-dibromopropoxy)tetrabromobisphenol A
5,5'-(propane-2,2-diyl)bis(1,3-dibromo-2-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)benzene)
Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(dibromopropyl ether)
1,1'-(Isopropylidene)bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)benzene]
Benzene, 1,1'-(1-methylethylidene)bis(3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)-
2,2-BIS(3,5-DIBROMO-4-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPOXY)PHENYL)PROPANE
1,1'-(Isopropylidene)bis(3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)benzene)
1,1'-propane-2,2-diylbis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)benzene]
TBBPA-DBPE
TetraBromoBisphenol A (2,3-Dibromopropyl)ether
SCHEMBL574246
UNII-YH2252CV63
CHEMBL1314089
DTXCID1012129
WAA85044
EINECS 244-617-5
Tox21_202540
MFCD00017887
AKOS015895746
FG-3100
NCGC00091462-01
NCGC00260089-01
Tetrabromobisphenol A-dibromopropyl ether
AS-13479
CAS-21850-44-2
B2022
CS-0435405
FT-0638155
EC 244-617-5
H11252
A815697
W-107516
Q27294521
2,2-BIS(4-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPOXY)-3,5-DIBROMOPHENYL)PROPANE
4,4'-Isopropylidenebis(2,6-dibromophenyl 2,3-dibromopropyl ether)
Propane, 2,2-bis[4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)-3,5-dibromophenyl-]-
1,1'-(1-Methylethylidene)bis(3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy))benzene
1,1'-(isopropylidene)bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromo-propoxy)-benzene]
1,1'-ISOPROPYLIDENEBIS(3,5-DIBROMO-4-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPOXY)BENZENE)
2,2-BIS((3,5-DIBROMO-4-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYLOXY))PHENYL)PROPANE
2,2-BIS(4-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYLOXY)-3,5-DIBROMOPHENYL)PROPANE
2,2-Bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromopropoxy)phenyl]propane(Granular)
3,3',5,5'-TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A BIS(2,3-DIBROMOPROPYL) ETHER
4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEBIS(2,6-DIBROMO-1-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPOXY)BENZENE)
PROPANE, 2,2-BIS(3,5-DIBROMO-4-(2,3-DIBROMOPROPOXY)PHENYL)-
2-[2,3-bis(bromanyl)propoxy]-5-[2-[4-[2,3-bis(bromanyl)propoxy]-3,5-bis(bromanyl)phenyl]propan-2-yl]-1,3-bis(bromanyl)benzene

Exolit OP 1311 is a non-halogenated flame retardant based on organic phosphinates. The product achieves its flame retardant effect through intumescence. The thermoplastic polymer with Exolit OP 1311 foams and crosslinks on exposure to flame and forms a stable char at the surface acting as a barrier. The protective layer provides a heat-insulating effect, reduces oxygen access and prevents dripping of molten polymer. Exolit OP 1311 is a white powder. Benefits Achieves its flame retardant effect through a combined gas phase and condensed phase mode of action Suited for thermoplastic elastomers such as TPU and TPE-E for cable applications UL 94 V-0/VW-1 passed The flame retarded elastomers compounds exhibit good physical and electrical properties Low smoke toxicity Non-halogenated flame retardant with favorable environmental and health profile

Clariant’s Exolit OP 560 is a flame retardant specifically designed for flexible polyurethane foams. As a reactive flame retardant, it can be chemically reacted into the PU matrix, preventing unwanted migration from the material. Therefore, Exolit OP 560 allows meeting the most stringent VOC requirements of the automotive industry and has shown best-in-class performance in demanding low-emission applications. Exolit OP 560 is an easily-to-handle low-viscosity liquid, with a functionality of approx. 2. Exolit OP 560 has been confirmed as »an alternative anticipated to be safer for use in upholstered polyurethane foam« by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U. S. EPA, August 2015, EPA 744-R-15-002) Benefits Non-halogenated flame retardants with favorable environmental and health profile Reactive flame retardant for demanding low-VOC applications, allows meeting most stringent emission standards like Fogging or VDA 278 Extremely low VOC- and Fogging-emissions in flexible PU foams Low migration from the polymer matrix due to chemical incorporation prevents fading of the flame-retardant performance Excellent flame-retardancy at low dosages Low viscosity liquid for easy processing Get in Contact

Flame retardants are various chemicals applied to materials to prevent burning or slow the spread of fire.
The term applies to the function, not a specific composition, of such chemicals.
Flame Retardents chemicals are added to products including furniture foam, electronics, children’s products, and building insulation to meet flammability standards.



SYNONYMS:
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), Ethane, 1,2-dibromo, Antimony oxide (Sb203), Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), Tricresyl phosphate (TCP), Phenol, isopropylated, phosphate (3:1)



Unfortunately, these standards are often poor predictors of real-life fire risks and lead to the unnecessary use of these toxic chemicals.
Flame retardants are various chemicals applied to materials to prevent burning or slow the spread of fire.
The term applies to the function, not a specific composition, of these chemicals.


Flame retardants refer to a variety of substances that are added to combustible materials to help prevent fires from starting or to slow the spread of fire and provide additional escape time.
Flame Retardants are any chemicals added to manufactured materials such as plastics, textiles and surface coatings, to inhibit, suppress, or delay the production of flames and prevent the spread of fire.


Flame Retardents have been used in many consumer and industrial products, since the 1970s, to decrease the ability of materials to ignite. Inorganic and organic flame retardant have been used.
There are three primary types of organic frame retardants: bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl) and phosphate (P).


Flame retardants are chemicals which are added to many materials to increase their fire safety.
Flame retardants refer to a variety of substances that are added to synthetic materials to prevent fires from starting or to slow the spread of fire, leaving more time for people to escape and firefighters to respond.


Flame retardants are derived from naturally-sourced elements and are incorporated into materials such as plastics, textiles, foams, and paints.
Flame retardants can be liquids or solids.
Flame Retardents can be chemically transformed to create a new fire resistant material (reactive) or physically incorporated into a material (additive).


Flame retardants are added to products to meet flammability standards.
Flame Retardents often don’t improve fire safety.
Flame retardants are chemicals that are supposed to slow ignition and prevent fires.


Flame retardants of concern include organohalogen and organophosphate chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and chlorinated tris (TDCPP).
The term Flame Retardents subsumes a diverse group of chemicals that are added to manufactured materials, such as plastics and textiles, and surface finishes and coatings.


Flame retardants are used to meet flammability regulations.
Flame Retardents are activated by the presence of an ignition source and prevent or slow the further development of flames by a variety of different physical and chemical mechanisms.



USES and APPLICATIONS of FLAME RETARDANTS:
Flame retardants are made up of various types of chemicals and may be found in or applied to products available in Canada.
They're used to help prevent items from catching on fire and to limit the spread of fire.
Examples of products that may contain flame retardants include the following:
household items, such as: appliances, electronics
polyurethane foam products, such as: mattresses, pillows and cushions, upholstered furniture, children's toys and foam products


Flame retardants are used to meet flammability regulations. may also be found in construction and renovation products, such as: paints and coatings, spray foam insulation, lubricants and greases, construction foam boards, adhesives, glues and sealants
foam products used for waterproofing.


Fire retardants that are halogen-free but full of fire-stopping power.
Flame retardants help to save lives by slowing down or stopping the spread of fire or reducing its intensity.
Also called fire retardants, they are used in anything from phones and curtains to car seats and buildings.


If a fire starts, they may be able to stop it completely – or slow it down and so provide precious extra time for escape.
Flame Retardents chemicals are found in a wide variety of products:
Upholstered furniture, Electronics, Baby products, Building insulation, Carpet padding, and Vehicles.


Electronics & Electrical Devices uses of Flame Retardents: Flame retardants can enable modern electronic equipment, like televisions and computers, to meet fire safety standards and can be vital to the safety of hundreds of these products.
Building & Construction Materials uses of Flame Retardents: Flame retardants used in a variety of building and construction materials in homes, offices and public buildings, including schools and hospitals, can provide increased fire safety protection.


Furnishings uses of Flame Retardents: The addition of flame retardants to the material fillings and fibers used in furnishings helps provide individuals with an extra layer of fire protection and can increase critical escape time in case of a fire.
For example, many plastics are highly flammable and therefore their fire resistance is increased by adding flame retardants in order to reduce the risk of fire.


Flame retardants are chemicals used in a variety of consumer products to reduce their flammability.
Firefighters, or those exposed to flames on a regular basis, rely on Flame Retardents cotton for both protection and comfort.
Typically, their undergarments beneath the heavier fire-resistant gear are made of Flame Retardents cotton or another breathable, organic fabric that's been treated to resist ignition.


Polymers containing nitrogen, sodium, and phosphorus atoms can work as materials for fire-resistant cellulosic textiles, such as cotton or rayon.
Specifically, organic polymers can work as Flame Retardents due to the presence of one or all three types of these elements.
These atoms can be in the original polymers, or they can be incorporated by chemical modification.


Flame Retardents materials and coatings are being developed that are phosphorus and bio-based.
Flame retardants are typically added to industrial and consumer products to meet flammability standards for furniture, textiles, electronics, and building products like insulation.


Flame Retardents may be added as a copolymer during the polymerisation process, or later added to the polymer at a moulding or extrusion process or (particularly for textiles) applied as a topical finish.
Mineral flame retardants are typically additive, while organohalogen and organophosphorus compounds can be either reactive or additive.


-Flame Retardants used in upholstry
Transportation
From airplanes to cars to trains, flame retardants can play a key role in protecting travelers from the devastation of fire.

After the July 2013 Asiana Airline crash in San Francisco, for example, experts credited flame retardant materials with helping passengers survive the crash.
As former FAA Director Steven Wallace told the New York Times, “Flame retardant materials inside the plane, including foil wrapping under the seats, most likely helped protect many passengers.”


-Uses of Flame Retardents:
Cotton fabrics have been frequently used worldwide because of their advantageous properties with regard to thermal insulation, biocompatibility and great moisture absorption and breathability performances.
These advantages indicate potential applications of cotton fabrics in protective clothing and human health.

However, natural cotton fabric is highly flammable and will rapidly burn out.
This fatal drawback reveals a potential danger and limits the use of cotton fabrics.
Therefore, treating cotton fabrics to obtain fire-resistant cotton fabrics is important.



USES AND BENEFITS OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
When added to different products and materials, ranging from electronic devices to furniture, flame retardants can help prevent fires from starting or limit their spread.
According to the U.S. Fire Administration1 and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)2, in 2019 an estimated 1.3 million fires were reported in the United States, causing 3,700 civilian fire deaths, 16,600 civilian injuries and $14.8 billion in property damage.

The use of flame retardants is especially important today, as the large volume of electrical and electronic equipment in today’s buildings, coupled with a larger volume of combustible materials, can increase the potential for fire hazards
Flame retardants provide consumers with a critical layer of fire protection and can be vital to reducing the risks associated with fire.
Today, flame retardants are typically used in four major areas: electronics, building and construction materials, furnishings and transportation.



USES AND WASTE OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
Flame retardants are industrial chemicals that can be found in an array of products in furnishings (foam, upholstery, carpets, curtains), in electronics and electrical devices (computers, phones, household appliances), in transportation (seats, seats covers and fillings, bumpers, overhead compartments and other parts of automobiles, trains and airplanes) and in building construction materials (electrical wires and cables, thermal insulation foams, paint, adhesives and sealants).



ROLE OF FLAME RETARDANTS IN PLASTICS:
Polymers can often fuel fires owing to their organic nature.
They decompose into combustible products when heated.
But, in many fields, polymer usage is limited by their flammability, regardless of their benefits.

For example, in electrical, electronic, transportation, construction, etc.
The diffusion of synthetic polymers has greatly increased the:
fire risk — the probability of fire occurrence and
fire hazard — the consequence of fire either on humans or on structures.

To fulfill these legal requirements, flame retardants need to be added into the polymer.
To increase the escape time of people, the role of these additives is to:
slow down polymer combustion and degradation (fire extinction)

reduce smoke emission
avoid dripping
The severity of the regulations will depend on the time needed to escape an environment.



WHERE ARE FLAME RETARDANTS USED?
Since the 1970s, flame-retardant chemicals have been added to many types of products:
• Furnishings, such as seating foam and coverings (including transport vehicles), mattresses, and carpets.
• Electronics and electrical devices, such as computers, phones, televisions, and household appliances.
• Building and construction materials, such as coatings for electrical wires and cables, polystyrene foams, and polyurethane insulation such as spray foams.
• Wildfire suppression mixtures that reduce intensity and rate of spread.



KEY POINTS/OVERVIEW OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
When added to products and materials, flame retardants can help prevent fires from starting or limit their spread.
The term “flame retardant” refers to a function, not a specific chemical.

Many different chemicals with different properties and molecular structures act as flame retardants.
These chemicals are often combined for effectiveness.
Flame retardants currently in use and new fire-safety chemicals are subject to review by the EPA and other regulators, as well as manufacturer testing.



KEY BENEFITS OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
1.Prevents fire/retards its growth and spread (flash over)
Under the conditions of fire, the use of Flame Retardents gives a significant increase in the escape time available.
Flame Retardents controls the fire properties of combustible items.
Flame Retardents suppresses fire.


2.Protects occupants from the fire effects
The use of fire retardant reduces the flame spread and thus, the rate at which the smoke develops.
Less smoke production gives an increase in the escape time available.

Flame Retardents provides timely notification of the emergency.
Flame Retardents protects escape routes.
Flame Retardents provides areas of refuge where necessary and possible.


3.Minimizes the impact of fire
Flame Retardents provides separation by tenant, occupancy, or maximum area.
Flame Retardents maintains the structural integrity of the property.
Flame Retardents provides continued operation of shared properties.


4.Supports fire service operations
To prevent the fire or retard Flame Retardents's growth and spread, material and product performance testing is used.
Flame Retardents sets limits on the fire properties of items that represent the major fuels in the system.

Flame Retardents provides identification of fire location.
Flame Retardents provides reliable communication with areas of refuge.
Flame Retardents provides fire department access, control, communication, and selection.



CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
*Brominated flame retardants
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are mixtures of man-made chemicals that are added to a wide variety of products, including for industrial use, to make them less flammable.

Flame Retardents are used commonly in plastics, textiles and electrical/electronic equipment.
There are five main classes of BFRs, listed here with their common uses:
Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) – thermal insulation in the building industry

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) – plastics, textiles, electronic castings, circuitry
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and other phenols – printed circuit boards, thermoplastics (mainly in TVs)
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) – consumer appliances, textiles, plastic foams



OTHER BROMINATES FLAME RETARDANTS:
These classes have been marketed as technical mixtures under different commercial brands.
In the European Union the use of certain BFRs is banned or restricted; however, due to their persistence in the environment, there are still concerns about the risks these chemicals pose to public health.
BFR-treated products, whether in use or waste, leach BFRs into the environment and contaminate the air, soil and water.
These contaminants may then enter the food chain where they mainly occur in food of animal origin, such as fish, meat, milk and derived products.




WHERE ARE FLAME RETARDANTS FOUND?
Flame retardants are used in furniture, children’s products, electronics, building materials, wire and cable, etc.
Flame retardants cover a lot of different organic and inorganic chemicals.

Their application has to match with the special type of product, its material composition and its designated use.
Products, in which flame retardants are applied, are for example the casings of electrical and electronic devices, printed circuit boards, cables, coatings at the bottom side of carpets, special textiles, insulation and fitting foam glue for construction.

Organic flame retardants consist primarily of brominated compounds, halogenated and non-halogenated phosphorous compounds and chloroparaffins.
As inorganic flame retardants aluminum trihydroxide, magnesium dihydroxide and antimony trioxide (as synergistic to brominated flame retardants) are applicated.



TYPES OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
There are hundreds of different flame retardants, categorized based on chemical structure and properties.
Two commonly used flame retardants are brominated flame retardants and organophosphorus flame retardants.

*Brominated Flame Retardants
These are the most abundantly used flame retardants, added to electronics, furniture, building materials and automobiles.
These chemicals do not dissolve easily in water; Flame Retardents adhere to particles and build up in river beds and lake sediment.
They have been found in humans and animals.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE’s), a subset of brominated flame retardants that replaced polybrominated biphenyls, are man-made industrial chemicals added to consumer products to meet flammability standards set in the 1970s.



WHY ARE FLUOROPOLYMERS FLAME RETARDANTS?
Unlike hydrocarbon-based materials with hydrogen bonded to oxygen, fluoro based materials are less likely to burn thanks to fluorine which is difficult to associate with oxygen when it comes out.
Furthermore, in fluorine materials, the C-C bond formed by -CF 2 - is stronger than the C-C bond by --CH 2 -, and thus can withstand attacks, trying to break the CC bond, making it difficult to burn.



FEATURED RESOURCES OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
*Flame Retardants Are an Important Tool to Help Reduce Fire Risk
Electronics in Your Home and Fire Safety
*No Ignition, No Fire (Video)
*Study Shows Robust Fire Safety Standards Significantly Increase *Fire Safety and Escape Time



FLAME RETARDANTS FACTS:
Flame retardants can provide an important layer of fire protection by preventing and delaying ignition, slowing the combustion process, and making a material self-extinguishing.

Robust fire safety codes and product safety standards can dramatically affect overall fire conditions, including ignition development, smoke generation, escape time, and time available for emergency personnel to respond.*

A variety of flame retardants are necessary because materials and products that need to be made fire-resistant are chemically and physically different and have different uses and performance specifications.
Not all flame retardants are the same.



WHY ARE FLAME RETARDANTS IN FURNITURE?
A 1975 California furniture flammability standard called Technical Bulletin 117 (TB 117) led to the use of harmful and ineffective flame retardant chemicals in furniture and children’s product foam.
This California regulation was followed across all of North America.



CLASSES OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
Both reactive and additive flame retardants types can be further separated into four distinct classes:
*Minerals such as aluminium hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), huntite and hydromagnesite, various hydrates, red phosphorus, and boron compounds, mostly borates.

*Organohalogen compounds.
This class includes organochlorines such as chlorendic acid derivatives and chlorinated paraffins; organobromines such as decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE), decabromodiphenyl ethane (a replacement for decaBDE), polymeric brominated compounds such as brominated polystyrenes, brominated carbonate oligomers (BCOs), brominated epoxy oligomers (BEOs), tetrabromophthalic anyhydride, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD).

Most but not all halogenated flame retardants are used in conjunction with a synergist to enhance their efficiency.
Antimony trioxide is widely used, but other forms of antimony such as the pentoxide and sodium antimonate are also used.


*Organophosphorus compounds.
This class includes organophosphates such as triphenyl phosphate (TPP), resorcinol bis(diphenylphosphate) (RDP), bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate (BADP), and tricresyl phosphate (TCP); phosphonates such as dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP); and phosphinates such as aluminium diethyl phosphinate.

In one important class of flame retardants, compounds contain both phosphorus and a halogen.
Such compounds include tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate (brominated tris) and chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (chlorinated tris or TDCPP) and tetrakis(2-chlorethyl)dichloroisopentyldiphosphate (V6).
*Organic compounds such as carboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid



RETARDATION MECHANISMS OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
The basic mechanisms of flame retardants vary depending on the specific flame retardant and the substrate.
Additive and reactive Flame Retardents chemicals can both function in the vapor (gaseous) or condensed (solid) phase.



ENDOTHERMIC DEGRADATION OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
Some compounds break down endothermically when subjected to high temperatures.
Magnesium and aluminium hydroxides are an example, together with various carbonates and hydrates such as mixtures of huntite and hydromagnesite.
The reaction removes heat from the substrate, thereby cooling the material.
The use of hydroxides and hydrates is limited by their relatively low decomposition temperature, which limits the maximum processing temperature of the polymers (typically used in polyolefins for wire and cable applications).


*Thermal shielding (solid phase)
A way to stop spreading of the flame over the material is to create a thermal insulation barrier between the burning and unburned parts.
Intumescent additives are often employed; their role is to turn the polymer surface into a char, which separates the flame from the material and slows the heat transfer to the unburned fuel.
Non-halogenated inorganic and organic phosphate flame retardants typically act through this mechanism by generating a polymeric layer of charred phosphoric acid.


*Dilution of gas phase
Inert gases (most often carbon dioxide and water) produced by thermal degradation of some materials act as diluents of the combustible gases, lowering their partial pressures and the partial pressure of oxygen, and slowing the reaction rate.


*Gas phase radical quenching
Chlorinated and brominated materials undergo thermal degradation and release hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide or, if used in the presence of a synergist like antimony trioxide, antimony halides.
These react with the highly reactive H· and OH· radicals in the flame, resulting in an inactive molecule and a Cl· or Br· radical.
The halogen radical is much less reactive compared to H· or OH·, and therefore has much lower potential to propagate the radical oxidation reactions of combustion.



MATERIALS OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
Flame Retardents cotton:
Flame Retardents cotton is cotton that has been treated to prevent or slow ignition by different treatments applied during the manufacturing process.
Cotton is typically made flame-resistant by chemical applications of polymeric, nonpolymeric, and polymeric/nonpolymeric hybrids that are composed of one or more of the elements such as nitrogen, sodium, phosphorus, silicon, boron, or chlorine.



MANUFACTURING OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
While non-organic fabrics are typically made flame-resistant by incorporating flame retardants into their matrices, surface modification is more convenient for organic fabrics like cotton.

U.S. state of California
In 1975, California began implementing Technical Bulletin 117 (TB 117), which requires that materials such as polyurethane foam used to fill furniture be able to withstand a small open flame, equivalent to a candle, for at least 12 seconds.

In polyurethane foam, furniture manufacturers typically meet TB 117 with additive halogenated organic flame retardants.
Although no other US states have a similar standard, because California has such a large market many manufacturers meet TB 117 in products that they distribute across the United States.

The proliferation of flame retardants, and especially halogenated organic flame retardants, in furniture across the United States is strongly linked to TB 117.
does not mandate a reduction in flame retardants.



EFFECTIVENESS OF FLAME RETARDANTS:
The effectiveness of Flame Retardents chemicals at reducing the flammability of consumer products in house fires is disputed.
Advocates for the Flame Retardents industry, such as the American Chemistry Council's North American Flame Retardents Alliance, cite a study from the National Bureau of Standards indicating that a room filled with flame-retarded products (a polyurethane foam-padded chair and several other objects, including cabinetry and electronics) offered a 15-fold greater time window for occupants to escape the room than a similar room free of flame retardants.

However, critics of this position, including the lead study author, argue that the levels of Flame Retardents used in the 1988 study, while found commercially, are much higher than the levels required by TB 117 and used broadly in the United States in upholstered furniture.
Another study concluded flame retardants are an effective tool to reduce fire risks without creating toxic emissions.

Several studies in the 1980s tested ignition in whole pieces of furniture with different upholstery and filling types, including different Flame Retardents formulations.
In particular, they looked at maximum heat release and time to maximum heat release, two key indicators of fire danger.

These studies found that the type of fabric covering had a large influence on ease of ignition, that cotton fillings were much less flammable than polyurethane foam fillings, and that an interliner material substantially reduced the ease of ignition.
They also found that although some Flame Retardents formulations decreased the ease of ignition, the most basic formulation that met TB 117 had very little effect.

In one of the studies, foam fillings that met TB 117 had equivalent ignition times as the same foam fillings without flame retardants.
A report from the Proceedings of the Polyurethane Foam Association also showed no benefit in open-flame and cigarette tests with foam cushions treated with flame retardants to meet TB 117.
However, other scientists support this open-flame test.



FIRST AID MEASURES of FLAME RETARDANTS:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of FLAME RETARDANTS:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of FLAME RETARDANTS:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of FLAME RETARDANTS:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of FLAME RETARDANTS:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of FLAME RETARDANTS:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of disodium inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP), synergistically enhancing the umami taste in various foods, particularly in products already containing natural glutamates or added monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Widely used in flavored noodles, snacks, chips, sauces, and fast foods, Flavor enhancer 635 acts as a flavor enhancer, augmenting the taste profile of these products to provide a more savory experience.
Although ubiquitous in processed foods, it's advisable to limit intake of Flavor enhancer 635, ensuring it remains a minimal part of one's diet due to its synergistic effect with glutamates and potential health concerns associated with excessive consumption.

CAS Number: 4691-65-0
Molecular Formula: C10H11N4O8P

Synonyms: Disodium Ribonucleotide, Disodium 5-Ribonucleotides; IMP plus GMP; I+G;

Flavor enhancer 635 is a flavor enhancer made of disodium inosinate (E631) and disodium guanylate (E627) with the ratio 1:1.
The European food additive number for Flavor enhancer 635 is E635.

Flavor enhancer 635 can be used in synergy with MSG (E621) to provide umami taste or as a replacement for MSG.
Flavor enhancer 635, E number E635, is a flavor enhancer which is synergistic with glutamates in creating the taste of umami.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of disodium inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP) and is often used where a food already contains natural glutamates (as in meat extract) or added monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Flavor enhancer 635 is primarily used in flavored noodles, snack foods, chips, crackers, sauces and fast foods.

Flavor enhancer 635 is produced by combining the sodium salts of the natural compounds guanylic acid (E626) and inosinic acid (E630).
A mixture composed of 98% monosodium glutamate and 2% E635 has four times the flavor enhancing power of monosodium glutamate (MSG) alone.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of nucleotides disodium guanylate and disodium inosinate, in the proportion of 50% each.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a food additive that is widely used in food industries to enhance the flavour of foods.
Flavor enhancer 635 consists of white or off-white crystals or powder and is produced by adding the sodium salts of guanylic acid (E626) and inosinic acid (E630).

Avoiding Flavor enhancer 635 in your food is very difficult these days, but you can ensure that its intake is restricted to minimal amounts.
Flavor enhancer 635 using additives is never a problem but should not become a regular part of your diet.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a food additive manufactured through chemical synthesis of sodium salt of guanylic acid and inosinic acid, available as White to light yellow crystalline powder.
As a synthesized chemical, this food flavouring is general recognized as halal.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a flavor enhancer which is synergistic with glutamates in creating the taste of umami.
Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of disodium Inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP) and is often used where a food already contains natural glutamates (as in meat extract) or added Monosodium Glutamate (MSG).
Flavor enhancer 635 is primarily used in flavored noodles, snack foods, chips, crackers, sauces and fast foods.

Flavor enhancer 635 can be used in household, catering industry food cooking, convenience food and soup, soy sauce and various snacks, sauces, etc.
Flavor enhancer 635 act as flavor enhancers.

Adding monosodium glutamate to them helps in the production of perfect food additives.
Either Flavor enhancer 635 extract or added monosodium acts as a natural flavor.

Flavor enhancer 635 is either available from gluten or any bacterial fermentation process.
Flavor enhancer 635 is the original name of Disodium Ribonucleotides.

Flavor enhancer 635’s made by combining tapioca starch, sodium salts, and a mixture of disodium inosinate.
Disodium guanylate gets added in the required amount and this mixture creates a perfect food additive suitable for all preparations.

Flavor enhancer 635 comprises of natural glutamate.
Flavor enhancer 635’s known as meat extract or added mixture of monosodium glutamate msg.

Almost every snack available in the market contains this food additive.
Flavor enhancer 635’s excellent for taste enhancement.
All chemical compounds mentioned above create different types of flavoring agents.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a flavor enhancer which is synergistic with glutamates in creating the taste of umami.
Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of disodium inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP) and is often used where a food already contains natural glutamates (as in meat extract) or added monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Flavor enhancer 635 is the disodium salt of inosinic acid with the chemical formula C10H11N4Na2O8P.
Flavor enhancer 635 is used as a food additive and often found in the list of ingredients on the food nutrition label for a great variety of grocery products.

Flavor enhancer 635 is used as a flavor enhancer, in synergy with monosodium glutamate MSG (E621) to provide the umami taste.
Flavor enhancer 635 is often added to foods in conjunction with disodium guanylate; the combination is known as disodium 5′-ribonucleotides (E635).

Flavor enhancer 635 is a common and important food additive.

As per the European Food Safety Authority, Flavor enhancer 635 comprises of a mixture of two essential additives
Disodium guanylate e627 and disodium inosinate e631 get mixed in desired proportions.

Flavor enhancer 635 includes meat extracts.
However, to make vegetarian food products, vegan sources are used.

Flavor enhancer 635 may be used with MSG (E621) or as a substitute for MSG as well.
Flavor enhancer 635 is water-soluble but sparingly soluble in alcohol-based liquids.

Many popular instant noodles use Flavor enhancer 635 to enhance taste and aroma.
In this case, vegetarian sources such as yeast extracts act as an enhancer to get the desired taste.

Flavor enhancer 635 also known as E number E635, is a flavor enhancer which is synergistic with glutamates in creating the taste of umami.
Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of disodium inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP) and is often used where a food already contains natural glutamates (as in meat extract) or added monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Flavor enhancer 635 is a food additive used to enhance flavor.
Flavor enhancer 635 is made of Sodium Salts of Inosinic Acid and Guanylic Acid.

These sodium salts are often obtained from the flesh of killed animals but can also come from plants.
When you see an “E-number” like E635, Flavor enhancer 635 refers to an ingredient that has been approved by the European Union for use as a food additive.

Flavor enhancer 635 is found in instant noodles, potato chips and snacks, savoury rice, tinned vegetables, cured meats, packet soup, and also include flavoured chips, and party pies.

Flavor enhancer 635 is food additive manufactured through chemical synthesis of sodium salt of guanylic acid and inosinic acid, available as White to light yellow crystalline powder.
Flavor enhancer 635 is widely used as flavour enhancer as it can increase flavour significantly when using together with monosodium glutamate.
Flavor enhancer 635 is affirmed by US FDA as GRAS(generally recognized as safe) and widely accepted as safe food additive in many countries with E number E635.

Flavor enhancer 635 is soluble in water and sparingly in alcohols but not in ethers.
Flavor enhancer 635 is prepared by sugar fermentation following purification process.
Flavor enhancer 635 have very strong flavour enhancing activity.

The greater benefit of Flavor enhancer 635 is the synergistic effect on improving the own natural tastes and flavours of almost processed foods when they are used in combination with MSG (Mono Sodium Glutamate).
The use of Flavor enhancer 635 products in food is approved by FDA.

Uses of Flavor enhancer 635:
Flavor enhancer 635 is a food additive that does not have any taste or smell.
Flavor enhancer 635 helps in adding a unique taste and texture to food items.

You can preserve fishes and meats for a very long duration with the help of this enhancer.
They not only help in increasing their shelf life but also keeps moisture in Flavor enhancer 635.

As a result, your favorite piece of chicken or nuggets can taste and smell fantastic for a very long time.
Flavor enhancer 635 also plays an integral part in Chinese food items.

From seasonings to various Chinese sauces, Flavor enhancer 635 is in everything.
You get that distinct tang in savory foods due to this additive.

Your favorite pack of instant noodles can never taste perfect without Flavor enhancer 635s use.
The food industry has given a long list of food additive that act as artificial or natural preservatives for food items.

Flavor enhancer 635 can be used as a flavor enhancer to substitute monosodium glutamate (MSG) in MSG free food.
Flavor enhancer 635 can also be used with MSG to provide a synergistic enhancement of umami taste in sauces, seasonings and condiments.

Flavor enhancer 635 is used in many products.
Flavor enhancer 635 is mainly used in low sodium/salt products.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a natural, vegan, and gluten free ingredient that can be used as a flavor enhancer to substitute monosodium glutamate (MSG) in MSG free food.
Flavor enhancer 635 can also be used with MSG at the usage level around 2-10% of MSG to provide a synergistic enhancement of umami taste in sauces, seasonings and condiments.

The following are the common food uses of I+G and the added levels recommended by the manufacturer, Ajinomoto:
Meat products: ≥ 0.01%
Broths: 0.50 – 1.00%
Soups: 0.20 – 0.30%
Spices (10% salt or higher): 0.25-2.8%
Snacks:0.02 – 0.03%
Tomato sauce: 0.02 – 0.04%
Mustard: 0.02 – 0.04%
Salad dressings: 0.01 – 0.02%
Vegetable preserves, fish byproducts, frozen food, biscuits, pasta / dough: 0.01%

Production of Flavor enhancer 635:
Both E631 and E627 can be produced from yeast extract or from the fermentation of carbohydrate and then through reaction with sodium hydroxide.
Flavor enhancer 635 is a flavor enhancer which is synergistic with glutamates in creating the taste of umami.

Flavor enhancer 635 is a mixture of disodium inosinate (IMP) and disodium guanylate (GMP) and is often used where a food already contains natural glutamates (as in meat extract) or added monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Flavor enhancer 635 is primarily used in flavored noodles, snack foods, chips, crackers, sauces and fast foods.

Flavor enhancer 635 is produced by combining the sodium salts of the natural compounds guanylic acid (E626) and inosinic acid (E630).
Guanylates and inosinates are generally produced from meat, but partly also from fish.

Flavor enhancer 635 is thus not suitable for vegans and vegetarians.
A mixture of 98% monosodium glutamate and 2% E635 has four times the flavor enhancing power of monosodium glutamate (MSG) alone.

Flavor enhancer 635 is produced from gluten or any bacterial fermentation process.
Flavor enhancer 635 is produced from meat, but commercially it may be obtained from Torula Yeast.

Features of Flavor enhancer 635:
Flavor enhancer 635 adds flavor to various food products.
You can find Flavor enhancer 635 as a crystal white powder or off-white crystals.

Sodium salts with guanylic acid create this preservative.
For non-vegetarian foods, natural glutamate of meat extracts adds in.

While in vegan foods comprise of added MSG.
The unique feature of this food additive is that Disodium.

Ribonucleotides generates a chemical reaction within the food to give a perfect taste and smell.
The food industry considers Flavor enhancer 635 as a flavoring agent.
Flavor enhancer 635 is quite expensive in comparison.

Function and Characteristics of Flavor enhancer 635:
Flavor enhancer 635 is flavour enhancer.
Guanylates and inosinates do not have the specific umami taste but strongly enhance many other flavours, thereby reducing the amounts of salt or other flavour enhancers needed in a product.

Appearance of Flavor enhancer 635:
An odourless, white powder or granular.

Stability of Flavor enhancer 635:
Easy to absorb water in the air, around 20-30% of water.

Solubility of Flavor enhancer 635:

In Water:
Soluble in water, 25g in 100ml water in 20 degree.

In Organic Solvents:
Sparingly soluble in ethanol, practically insoluble in ether.

Origin of Flavor enhancer 635:
Flavor enhancer 635 is mixture of sodium salts of guanylic (E626) and inosinic acid (E630).

Safety of Flavor enhancer 635:
Flavor enhancer 635 safety when used as a food additive has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), as well as other authorities.

Properties of Flavor enhancer 635:
Chemical formula:
C10H11N4O8P · nH2O
C10H12N5Na2O8P · nH2O
Molecular Weight: NA

Appearance: white crystal or crystaline powder
Purity (IMP+GMP): 99.0%–101.0%
Loss on Drying: ≤25.0%
IMP: 48.0%-52.0%
GMP: 48.0%-52.0%
Transmittance: ≥95.0%
pH: 7.0-8.5
Heavy Metals (as Pb): ≤10 mg/Kg
Arsenic: ≤1 mg/Kg
Lead: ≤1 mg/Kg
NH4 (Ammonium): Color of litmus paper unchanged
Amino Acid: Solution appear colorless
Other related compounds of nucleicacid: Not Detectable

Specifications of Flavor enhancer 635:
ITEM: STANDARD
ASSAY(IMP+GMP): 97.0% -102.0%
LOSS ON DRYING: =<25.0%
IMP: 48.0%-52.0%
GMP: 48.0%-52.0%
TRANSMITTANCE: >=95.0%
PH: 7.0-8.5
HEAVY METALS (AS Pb): =<10PPM
ARSENIC (As): =<1.0PPM
NH4(AMMONIUM) Color of litmus paper: unchanged
Amino Acid Solution appear: colorless
Other related compounds of nucleicacid: Not Detectable
Lead: =Total aerobic bacteria: =<1,000cfu/g
Yeast & mould: =<100cfu/g
Coliform: Negative/g
E.Coli: Negative/g
Salmonella: Negative/g

Total aerobic bacteria: ≤1000 cfu/g
Yeast & mould: ≤100 cfu/g
Coliform: Negative/g
E.Coli: Negative/g
Salmonella: Negative/g

Names of Flavor enhancer 635:

Other Names:
I+G
IMP+GMP
Sodium ribonucleotides
Disodium inosinate and guanylate