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1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphoric acid (HEDP)
ETIDRONIC ACID; (Hydroxyethylidene) diphosphonic acid; 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid; 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid; 1-hydroxyethylidenedi(phosphonic acid); Dequest 2010 CAS NO:2809-21-4
1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na)
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is soluble in water with easy deliquescence.


CAS Number: 3794-83-0
EC Number: 223-267-7
MDL Number:MFCD01729922
Molecular Formula: C2H8O7P2.4Na



Tetrasodium 1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1- Diphosphonic Acid Tetrasodium salt (Tetrasodium salt of HEDP (HEDP Na 4) , HEDP Na4, Ttrasodiquesel deHEDP, HEDPTetrasodyumtuz, tetrasodiumsal daHEDP, HEDP Chelant, Polycarboxylic antiscale, acid or Didronel, bisphosphonate or Etidronate, sodium etidronate, etidronate Tetrasodium, tetrasodium etidronate, Tetrasodium etidronate, HEDP 4Na, Tetrasodium (1-,hydroxyethylidene)bisphosphonate, (1-hydroxyethylidene)-diphosphonicacitetrasodiumsalt, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonicacid,tetrasodiumsalt, deflocen43, dequest2016, ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonicacid,tetrasodiumsalt, Phosphonicacid,(1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-,tetrasodiumsalt, sequion10na4, tarpinel4nl, HEDP.NA4, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate, Sodium Salt of 1-Hydroxyethylene -1, 1,-Diphosphonic Acid HEDP.4Na, deflocen43, dequest2016, tarpinel4nl, turpinal4nl, sequion10na4, hedp tetrasodium salt, tetrasodiumetidronate, Phosphonic acid,P,P′-(1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-,sodium salt (1:4), Phosphonic acid,(1-hydroxyethylidene)di-,tetrasodium salt, Phosphonic acid,(1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-,tetrasodium salt, 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, Tetrasodium 1-hydroxy-1,1-ethanediphosphonate, Tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis[phosphonate], Dequest 2016, Sequion 10Na4, Tetrasodium etidronate, Tarpinel 4NL, Turpinal 4NL, Defloc EN 43, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, SHEDN, DQ 2016, Tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonate, Encap 81105, (Hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, Briquest ADPA 21SH, Chelest PH 214, Dequest 2016D, Tetrasodium HEDP, Feliox 115A tetrasodium salt, Tetrasodium hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate, PH 214, Etidronic acid Tetrasodium salt, 104365-97-1, 146437-16-3, 863638-08-8, (1-Hydroxyethylidene)bis-phosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, 1-Hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene) bisphosphonate, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bis-(phosphonic acid) tetrasodium salt, Etidronate tetrasodium, Etidronic acid tetrasodium salt, 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, HEDP•Na4, Phosphonic acid, P,P'-(1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, sodium salt (1:4), Tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene)bisphosphonate, (1-Hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonic acid, tetrasodium salt, Defloc EN 43, Dequest 2016, Ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid, tetrasodium salt,Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene )bis-, tetrasodium salt, Sequion 10Na4, Tarpinel 4NL, Tetrasodium etidronate,Turpinal 4NL, Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, tetrasodium salt, Tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonate), Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, sodium salt (1:4), 3794-83-0, (1-hidroxietiliden)bisfosfonato de tetrasodio, (1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE)BIS-, TETRASODIUM SALT, (1-hydroxyethylidene)bisphosphonate de tetrasodium, (1-Hydroxyethylidene)bisphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, (1-Hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonate de tetrasodium, (Hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, tetrasodium salt, Briquest ADPA 21 SH, Briquest ADPA 21SH, Chelest PH 214, Defloc EN 43, Dequest 2016, Dequest 2016D, Encap 81105, ETHANE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONATE, HYDROXY-, TETRASODIUM, Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene)di-, tetrasodium salt, Phosphonic acid, P,P'-(1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, sodium salt (1:4), Sequion 10Na4, Tarpinel 4NL, Tetranatrium-(1-hydroxyethyliden)bisphosphonat, Tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis[phosphonate],tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene)bisphosphonate, Tetrasodium (1-hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonate, Tetrasodium 1-hydroxy-1,1-ethanediphosphonate, Tetrasodium 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate, Tetrasodium etidronate, Tetrasodium HEDP, Turpinal 4NL, EINECS 223-267-7, Ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid, tetrasodium salt, (1-Hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonic acid, tetrasodium salt, UNII-CZZ9T1T1X4, 104365-97-1, 146437-16-3,



1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an organic phosphonic acid salt.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a sodium salt of excellent performance in inhibiting the formation of calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is also an excellent chelating agent.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can form the stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a white powder.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is soluble in water.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is easily deliquescence.
So 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can dissolve the oxides on the metal surface.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250℃.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, suitable for use in cold and freezing districts.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions, can dissolve the oxides on metal surface.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect even under 250℃.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is also called HEDP Tetrasodium Salt.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the tetrasodium salt of HEDP acid.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a white powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, and suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complexes with Fe, Cu, and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on the metal surface, it has a good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250℃.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a high-quality product perfect for companies looking to wholesale in bulk.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is convenient to transport, suitable for using in winter and freezing districts.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a chemical used to prevent calcium, magnesium, and silicate deposits, and prevent corrosion and rust for pipeline systems, chiller, cooling towers, cooling tower, boilers.


The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP and is an excellent calcium carbonate antiscale agent.


The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is soluble in water with easy deliquescence.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a cost effective scale inhibitor used in various industrial applications such as industrial water treatment and detergents.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a white powder.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) further shows good stability in presence of chlorine as well as corrosion inhibition properties in presence of zinc and other phosphates.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as a stabilizer in cosmetic-dye industry.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) also prevents swelling problems of the packages.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) provides chlorine resistance in swimming pools and removes stains from the centre (usage level 1 – 15 ppm active substance).


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an excellent scale & corrosion inhibitor widely used in industrial water treatment, oil-field scale control, textile auxiliaries, sugar mill antiscalants, thermal and geo-thermal antiscalants, reverse osmosis antiscalant, detergents, I & I cleaners, soaps and personal care products, etc.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in method for applying a gel compound on a surface of a device and corresponding coated device.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used Cooling water systems / industrial water treatment
Industrial detergents, Swimming pools, and Metal surface treatment as corrosion inhibitor for steel.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, it is an good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder, soluble in water, easily deliquescence, suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on metal surface, it has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250ºC.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as scale and corrosion inhibitor in circulating cool water system.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as scale and corrosion inhibitor in medium and low pressure boiler.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as scale and corrosion inhibitor in oil field water pipelines.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as detergent for metal and nonmetal In light woven industry.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent in dyeing industry.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as chelating agent In non-cyanide electroplating.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as water softener in soaps.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water system, medium and low pressure boiler, oil field water pipelines as scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc..
In light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as detergent for metal and nonmetal.


In dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent; In non-cyanide electroplating, HEDP-Na4 is used as chelating agent.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na)exhibits strong chelating properties and forms stable complexes with metal ions in aqueous solutions.


These complexes are formed through the interaction of the oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) with the metal ions, resulting in the formation of coordinated complexes.
These complexes have the ability to bind metal ions to other molecules in the solution.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used for photography, Detergent, Chemical plating, Electroplating without cyanide, cleaning agent, plastic additives, printing of cotton and chemical fiber, industrial desulfation, inhibitor for plant growth, printing ink, paper and food industry, Water treatment chemical, Agriculture.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, it is a good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low-pressure boiler water systems, circulating water systems, industrial and municipal cleaning water systems, and swimming pools.
The solid 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a white powder, soluble in water, easily
deliquescence, and suitable for use in winter and freezing districts.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complexes with Fe, Cu, and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on the metal surface, it has a good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250℃.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water systems, medium and lowpressure boilers, and oil field water pipelines as a scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc.


In the light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as a detergent for metal and nonmetal.
In the dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as a peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent; In non-cyanide electroplating, HEDP•Na4 is used as a chelating agent.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water system, medium and low pressure boiler, oil field water pipelines as scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc..
In light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as detergent for metal and nonmetal.


As a result, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely utilized as a chelating and sequestering agent in various applications, including detergents and water treatment.
In dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent.


In non-cyanide electroplating, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as chelating agent.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on metal surface, it has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250℃.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cooling water system, medium and low pressure boiler, oil field water pipelines as scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc..
In light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as detergent for metal and nonmetal.


In non-cyanide electroplating, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as chelating agent.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is scale and corrosion inhibitor of organic phosphate salt, it can form stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on metal surface, it has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect even at 250℃.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on metal surface, it has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250℃.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water system, medium and low pressure boiler, oil field water pipelines as scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc..
In light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as detergent for metal and nonmetal.


In dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent; In non-cyanide electroplating, HEDP•Na4 is used as chelating agent.
In dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent.


In addition, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is also used to inhibit metal corrosion in low-pressure boiler water treatment, circulating water treatment, and water treatment. chiller, industrial clean water.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a white powdery solid, easily soluble in water, non-hygroscopic, easy to transport, suitable for use in harsh cold conditions.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an organic phosphonate corrosion and scale inhibitor, which can form stable complexes with iron, copper, zinc and other metal ions, and can dissolve oxides on the metal surface type.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) works well in inhibiting corrosion and scaling at 250°C.


In industries, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be used as metal and non-metal cleaning agent, raw material of glass cleaning agent, peroxide stabilizer and color fixative in printing industry and dyeing, cyanide-free electroplating complexing agents, chemical additives.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, chemical fertilizer and other industrial circulating cooling water, low pressure boilers, oil field water injection and oil pipelines to prevent scale and inhibit corrosion.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be used in low pressure boiler water system.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, it is a good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water system, medium and low pressure boiler, oil field water pipelines as scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a kind of organophorphonic acid scale and corrosion inhibitor, can form stable complex with Fe, Cu and Zn ions, it can dissolve the oxides on metal surface, it has good scale and corrosion inhibition effect under 250℃.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water system, medium and low pressure boiler, oil field water pipelines as scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc..


In light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as detergent for metal and nonmetal.
In dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent.
In non-cyanide electroplating, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as chelating agent.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in circulating cool water systems, medium and low-pressure boilers, and oil field water pipelines as a scale and corrosion inhibitor in fields such as electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, etc.
In the light woven industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as a detergent for metal and nonmetal.


In the dyeing industry, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as a peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent; In non-cyanide electroplating, it is used as a chelating agent.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is a good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low-pressure boiler water systems, circulating water systems, industrial and municipal cleaning water systems, and swimming pools.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used as an acid scavenger and corrosion inhibitor in water treatment and metalworking fluids and as a sequestering agent in laundry detergents.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, fertilisers, coating products, cosmetics and personal care products, water softeners, air care products and polishes and waxes.
Other release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal), industrial abrasion processing with high release rate (e.g. sanding operations or paint stripping by shot-blasting), in the production of articles and in processing aids at industrial sites.


Other release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints), outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles and machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys), fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys) and paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper).


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in the following products: water softeners, washing & cleaning products, air care products, fertilisers, polishes and waxes, cosmetics and personal care products and coating products.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing and building & construction work.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used for the manufacture of: and textile, leather or fur.
Other release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, washing & cleaning products, fertilisers, coating products, laboratory chemicals, leather treatment products, textile treatment products and dyes, cosmetics and personal care products, paper chemicals and dyes, polishes and waxes and water softeners.


Release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in the following products: water softeners, washing & cleaning products, pH regulators and water treatment products and water treatment chemicals.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used in the following areas: municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment and mining.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products, metals, fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles and furniture.


Release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and in the production of articles.
Release to the environment of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures and in processing aids at industrial sites.


1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is often used to reduce viscosity and increase active substances in detergents, shampoos, and other personal care products.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) has been shown to modulate matrix metalloproteinase activity in vitro.
In addition, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is often used as a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor in the pharmaceutical industry.


The chemical structure of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) contains both aromatic hydrocarbon and fatty acid functional groups.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is soluble in water, but insoluble in organic solvents such as alcohols or ethers.
This functional group also has antimicrobial properties due to.



PROPERTIES AND USE OF 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, commonly utilized as a scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate in low-pressure boiler water systems, circulating water systems, industrial and municipal cleaning water systems, and swimming pools.
The solid form of this organophosphorus acid, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na), appears as a white powder, which is both soluble in water and easily deliquescent, facilitating convenient transport.

Additionally, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is suitable for use even in winter or freezing climates.
This acid scale corrosion inhibitor can form a stable complex with Fe, Cu, and Zn ions while effectively dissolving oxides on metal surfaces.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) demonstrates the superior scale and corrosion inhibition effects even under temperatures such as 250℃.



APPLICATION SCOPE AND METHOD OF USE OF 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) has extensive applications in electric power, the chemical industry, metallurgy, fertilizer, circulating cool water systems, and low to medium-pressure boilers and oil field pipelines as a scale and corrosion inhibitor.
Additionally, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be employed as a detergent for both metal and nonmetal within the light woven industry.

Furthermore, this organophosphorus acid, 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na), shows exceptional performance as a peroxide stabilizer and dye-fixing agent within the dyeing industry and an effective chela-acting agent in non-cyanide electroplating processes.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is also commonly used as an additive within daily chemicals.



PERFORMANCE AND USAGE OF 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP and is an excellent inhibitor of calcium carbonate scale.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is mainly used for metal corrosion inhibition in low-pressure boiler water treatment, circulating water treatment, industrial municipal cleaning water, and swimming pool sterilization.

1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is white powder solid, easily soluble in water, does not absorb moisture, is convenient for transportation, and is suitable for use in severe cold conditions.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is an organic phosphonate scale and corrosion inhibitor, which can form stable complexes with iron, copper, zinc and other metal ions, and can dissolve the oxides on the metal surface.

1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) still plays a good role in corrosion and scale inhibition at 250℃.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is widely used in electric power, chemical industry, metallurgy, chemical fertilizer and other industrial circulating cooling water systems, as well as scale and corrosion inhibition of medium and low pressure boilers, oil field water injection and oil pipelines.

1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be used as Metal & non-metal cleaning agent in textile industry; peroxide stabilizer and color fixing agent in bleaching and dyeing industry, complexing agent in cyanide-free electroplating industry, and daily chemical additives.



PROPERTIES AND USE OF 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, is a good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) can be used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.



PROPERTIES OF 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, it is an good scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate, it can be used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.

1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is the sodium salt of HEDP, which is an excellent scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate.
1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt (HEDP 4Na) is mainly used in low pressure boiler water system, circulating water system, industrial and municipal cleaning water system and swimming pool.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
Appearance: White powder, Colorless to yellowish transparent liquid
Active content (HEDP)%: 56.0 min 20.3-21.7
Active content (HEDP•Na4)%: 79.9 min 29.0-31.0
Total phosphoric acid (as PO43-) %: 52.0 min, 18.4-20.4
Fe,mg/L: 35.0 max, 20.0 max
Moisture,%: 15 max --
Density (20℃)g/cm3: -- 1.26-1.36
PH: 11.0-12.0 (1%water solution) 10.0-12.0 (as it)
CAS No.3794-83-0
MDL Number:MFCD01729922
Molecular Formula:C2H9NaO7P2
Density: 2.074[at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0 Pa at 25℃
solubility: Aqueous Acid (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)

pka: 2.18[at 20 ℃]
form: Solid
color: White to Off-White
Water Solubility: 774g/L at 20℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: -3 at 23℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 3794-83-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA UNII: CZZ9T1T1X4
EPA Substance Registry System: Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, tetrasodium salt (3794-83-0)
PSA: 166.23000
XLogP3: 0.76060
Appearance: Liquid
Melting Point: 198-199ºC
Boiling Point: 578.8ºC at 760mmHg
Flash Point: 303.8ºC

CAS No.: 3794-83-0
Appearance: white solid and powder
Active content (as HEDP): ≥ 60.0%
Active content (as HEDP•Na4): ≥ 85%
Total phosphoric acid (as PO4): ≥ 52.0%
Iron (as Fe), ppm: ≤ 25 ppm
Moisture: ≤ 10%
PH(1% water solution): 10.5 ~ 12.0
InChIKeys: InChIKey=ZUNAHCVPCWCNPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 293.96
Exact Mass: 293.902313
EC Number: 223-267-7
UNII: CZZ9T1T1X4
DSSTox ID: DTXSID8027953|DTXSID7029663|DTXSID1029671
Categories: Phosphines

CAS NO:3794-83-0Molecular Formula: C2H4O7P2*4Na
Molecular Weight: 293.96
EINECS: 223-267-7
Product Categories: Phosphonate antiscalant
Mol File: 3794-83-0.mol
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: 578.8 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 303.8 °C
Appearance: Brown viscous liquid
Density: 2.074[at 20℃]
Vapor Pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Refractive Index: N/A
Storage Temp.: N/A
Solubility: N/APKA: 2.18[at 20 ℃]

Water Solubility: 774g/L at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: (1-Hydroxyethylidene)bis-phosphonic acid tetrasodium salt(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: (1-Hydroxyethylidene)bis-phosphonic acid tetrasodium salt(3794-83-0)
EPA Substance Registry System: (1-Hydroxyethylidene)bis-phosphonic acid tetrasodium salt(3794-83-0)
Density : 2.074[at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0 Pa at 25℃
solubility: Aqueous Acid (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)
pka: 2.18[at 20 ℃]
form: Solid
color: White to Off-White
Water Solubility: 774g/L at 20℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: -3 at 23℃
CAS DataBase Reference :3794-83-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, tetrasodium salt (3794-83-0)



FIRST AID MEASURES of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water.
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Recommended storage temperature see product label.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 1-HYDROXYETHYLIDENE-1,1-DIPHOSPHONIC ACID TETRASODIUM SALT (HEDP 4Na):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
no information available




1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic Acid
1-Hydroxynaphthalene; naphthalen-1-ol; Napthol; Tertral ERN; tertralern; 1-Naphthalenol; 1-Naphthyl Alcohol CAS NO:90-15-3
1-Metdyl-3-phenyl propylamine
2-Amino-4-phenylbutane; (+/-)-AMPHETAMINE; AURORA KA-7110; DL-AMPHETAMINE; .alpha.-Methyl-.gamma.-phenyl-n-propylamine; .alpha.-methyl-.gamma.-phenyl-Propylamine; 1-methyl-3-phenyl-propylamin; 1-Phenyl-3-amino-butan; 1-Phenyl-3-aminobutane; 3-Phenyl-1-methylpropylamine; 4-Phenyl-2-aminobutane; alpha-methyl-benzenepropanamin; alpha-Methyl-gamma-phenyl-n-propylamin; alpha-Methyl-gamma-phenyl-N-propylamine; alpha-methyl-gamma-phenyl-propylamin; Propylamine, 1-methyl-3-phenyl-; Propylamine, alpha-methyl-gamma-phenyl-; Propylamine,.alpha.-methyl-.gamma.-phenyl-; α-Methylbenzenepropylamine; 2-Amino-4-phenylbutane, 98+%; (n)-3-amino-1-phenylbutane CAS NO:22374-89-6
1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL
1-methoxy-2-propanol has 100% water solubility and is ideally suited as a coupling agent in a wide range of solvent systems.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has a high water solubility, excellent solvent with good coupling properties making 1-methoxy-2-propanol suitable for cleaning solutions and coating applications.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is glycol ethers based on propylene oxide and methanol.

CAS Number: 107-98-2
EC Number: 203-539-1
Chemical Formula: CH3OCH2CH(OH)CH3
Molar Mass: 90.12 g/mol

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a colorless liquid with a slight ethereal odor that is used as an excellent industrial solvent with low toxicity and has strong solubility for polar and unpolar materials, which can be used for advanced paints, printing inks as well as some other polymers including glycol acid resin, acrylic acid resin, epoxy resin and nitrocellulose.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is an organic solvent with a wide variety of industrial and commercial uses.
Similar to other glycol ethers, 1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a carrier/solvent in printing/writing inks and paints/coatings.

1-methoxy-2-propanol also finds use as an industrial and commercial paint stripper.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as an antifreeze in diesel engines.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

1-methoxy-2-propanol , a medium-boiling glycol ether, is an active solvent for cellulose acetate butyrate, nitrocellulose, epoxy, phenolic, acrylic, and alkyd resins.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in a variety of coating, printing ink, and cleaning applications.

1-methoxy-2-propanol, a glycol ether, can be synthesized by reacting propylene oxide with methanol in the presence of ZnMgAl (zinc-magnesium-aluminium) catalysts.
1-methoxy-2-propanol degradation by microorganisms in different soil types has been investigated.
An oral reference dose (RfD) and an inhalation reference concentration (RfC) values of 1-methoxy-2-propanol have been obtained from inhalation studies in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is glycol ethers based on propylene oxide and methanol.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is solvent having a bi-functional nature (ether-alcohol and the respective acetate).
1-methoxy-2-propanol is clear liquid, with PGMEA having a pleasant, fruity odour.

1-methoxy-2-propanol, also known as Methoxy propanol, is a clear, colourless liquid with a faint ether-like odour.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is soluble in water and has moderate volatility.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a propylene oxide-based glycol ether which is fast evaporating and hydrophilic.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has low surface tension as well as excellent solvency and coupling abilities.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is produced by reacting propylene oxide with methanol using a catalyst.

1-methoxy-2-propanol appears as a colorless liquid.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is flash point near 89 °F.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a solvent and as an antifreeze agent.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is the fastest evaporating solvent of the glycol ether family.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has a high water solubility, excellent solvent with good coupling properties making 1-methoxy-2-propanol suitable for cleaning solutions and coating applications.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has 100% water solubility and is ideally suited as a coupling agent in a wide range of solvent systems.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a clear, colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is completely soluble in water, with moderate volatility and is used as a solvent.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a widely used organic solvent in industrial and commercial applications.
Like other glycol ethers, 1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a carrier/solvent in printing/writing inks and paints/coatings.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is also used as an industrial and commercial paint stripper.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as an antifreeze in diesel engines.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is the fastest evaporating solvent in the glycol ether family.
1-methoxy-2-propanol offers very high water solubility and active solvency, and is widely used in coating and cleaning applications.
1-methoxy-2-propanol offers better viscosity reduction than heavier molecular weight glycol ethers and is particularly effective in epoxy and high solids acrylic systems.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a colourless highly flammable liquid that is soluble in water.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is a methoxy alcohol derivative with the formula of C4H10O2.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is an organic solvent with a variety of industrial and commercial uses.

Similar to other glycol ethers, 1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a carrier solvent in printing inks.
Furthermore is 1-methoxy-2-propanol used as industrial and commercial paint stripper, paints, varnishes and inks.

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol ether are both glycol ether solvent.
From human toxicity’s perspective, toxicity of propylene glycol ether is lower than that of ethylene glycol ether, thereby making 1-methoxy-2-propanol as low toxicity ether.

1-methoxy-2-propanol has a slight glycol odor but is not strongly irritating, making 1-methoxy-2-propanol usage wider and safer.
As there are both ether and hydroxyl groups in 1-methoxy-2-propanol molecular structure, 1-methoxy-2-propanol has excellent solubility and possesses ideal rate of evaporation and reactivity, leading to a wide range of applications.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a water-soluble solvent with unique properties making 1-methoxy-2-propanol ideal for use in a wide range of applications, including those that require a high degree of solvency, quick evaporation, and good surface tension reduction.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is an effective product for use in the paints and coatings industry, as well as being a good solvent, 1-methoxy-2-propanol can promote good film surfaces by maintaining dissolved resins during the evaporation process.
1-methoxy-2-propanol provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.
For cleaners they offer low toxicity, good coupling, wetting and penetration, and high solvency for polar and nonpolar materials.

1-methoxy-2-propanol, also known as Propylene glycol methyl ether, is a colorless organic chemical compound.
Generally, 1-methoxy-2-propanol is medium boiling glycol ether that is categorized under P-series glycol ether group.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is produced by the reaction between propylene oxide and methanol which is carried out in presence catalyst.
1-methoxy-2-propanol are used prevalently as an organic solvent in commercial as well as industrial applications such as printing ink, chemical, agricultural, and automotive, among others.

The physico-chemical properties of 1-methoxy-2-propanol such as excellent solvent activity, high dilution ratio, medium evaporation rate, and readily biodegradable nature, among other owing to which 1-methoxy-2-propanol appears as suitable alternative for petroleum based solvents.
Thereby, 1-methoxy-2-propanol leads to increase in demand for 1-methoxy-2-propanol in several industries such as chemical, automotive and paint & coating is increased in order to support sustainability development

1-methoxy-2-propanol Market Segmentation:

Based on product type, global 1-methoxy-2-propanol market is segmented into;
PM (Propylene Glycol Mono Methyl Ether)
DPM (Dipropylene Glycol Mono Methyl Ether)
TPM (Tripropylene Glycol Mono Methyl Ether)

Based on application, global 1-methoxy-2-propanol market is segmented into;
Chemical intermediate
Solvent
Coalescing agent
Coatings
Electronics
TFT-LCD Manufacturing
Semiconductor
Others

Uses of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
1-methoxy-2-propanol is an organic solvent with a wide variety of industrial and commercial uses.
Similar to other glycol ethers, 1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a carrier/solvent in printing/writing inks and paints/coatings.
1-methoxy-2-propanol also finds use as an industrial and commercial paint stripper.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as intermediates and in formulations in industrial, professional or consumer applications, mainly in surface coatings, printing inks, cleaners, agrochemical or de-icing/anti-icing formulations.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is also used as extractants, as coalescing agents and as flow improvers in waterbased paints.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is active solvent for solvent-based coatings.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is active and tail solvent for solvent based gravure and flexographic printing inks.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is coupling agent in solvent blends for water-based gravure, flexographic, and silk screen printing inks.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is carrier solvent for ball point and felt tip writing pen inks.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is coupling agent and solvent for household and industrial cleaners, rust removers, and hard surface cleaners.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is solvent for agricultural pesticides, deactivator and emollient for livestock pesticides

1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a solvent in paints, inks, nail polish removers, and cleaning agents.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is also used in finishing leather and in electronics and agriculture.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used to make lacquers and paints, as a solvent for resins, celluloses, acrylics, dyes, and inks (gravure, flexographic and silk screening), as antifreeze, and in household cleaners and spot removers.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is chiefly used in manufacture of lacquers and paints.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has been used as an antifreeze material, principally in ebullient cooling systems and in some heavy-duty diesel engines.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is as a solvent component in paints and printing inks, improves the wetting of some pigments and colorants.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has a good solvency for cellulose nitrate, cellulose ethers, chlorinated rubber, poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl butyral), ketone and ketone-formaldehyde resins, shellac, colophony, phenol-, melamine-, and urea-formaldehyde resins, alkyd resins, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, castor oil, linseed oil, and some vinyl chloride copolymers.

Being a moderately volatile solvent, 1-methoxy-2-propanol improves paint penetration, flow properties, and the gloss of paint coats.
1-methoxy-2-propanol also prevents blushing and formation of fish eyes and blisters.
Addition of 1-methoxy-2-propanol does not delay the drying of paint systems.

Consumer Uses:
Cleaning agent
Corrosion inhibitor
Diluent
Dispersing agent
Functional fluids (closed systems)
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Pigment
Pigments
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
Solvent
UV stabilizer
Viscosity adjustors

Other Consumer Uses:
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in the following products: coating products, washing & cleaning products, anti-freeze products, cosmetics and personal care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and inks and toners.
Other release to the environment of 1-methoxy-2-propanol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use as processing aid.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in the following products: coating products, washing & cleaning products, plant protection products, adhesives and sealants, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and inks and toners.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in the following areas: printing and recorded media reproduction, building & construction work and health services.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles and rubber products.
Other release to the environment of 1-methoxy-2-propanol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Uses at industrial sites:
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in the following products: coating products, semiconductors, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and washing & cleaning products.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, machinery and vehicles, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and fabricated metal products.
Release to the environment of 1-methoxy-2-propanol can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Industry Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Corrosion inhibitor
Diluent
Dispersing agent
Functional fluids (closed systems)
Intermediate
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Photosensitive agent
Pigment
Pigments
Sealant (barrier)
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
UV stabilizer
Viscosity adjustors

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Painting (Solvents)
Plastic Composites Manufacturing
Leather Tanning and Processing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)
Silk-Screen Printing

Applications of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
1-methoxy-2-propanol isprimarily used as a chemical building block for the production of 1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is also used as a solvent in manufacturing processes for the chemical, automotive and agricultural industries and in paint, lacquer and varnishes.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used as a coalescing agent in water-based paints and inks where 1-methoxy-2-propanol promotes polymer fusion during the drying process.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is formulated into a wide range of cleaners for industrial and commercial use such as those for ovens, glass, hard surfaces, floors, carpets and upholstery, as well as in speciality sanitation products such as swimming pool cleaners.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is also present in many everyday products such as polish, laundry aids, caulk, sealants, pesticides, inks for ballpoint and felt-tip pens, synthetic resin and rubber adhesives.

Other Applications:
Architectural coatings
Auto OEM
Auto refinish
Automotive
Building materials
Commerical printing inks
General industrial coatings
Graphic arts
Janitorial & household cleaners
Marine
Paints & coatings
Protective coatings
Wood coatings

Benefits and Applications of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Coatings:
1-methoxy-2-propanol provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.
Key properties for coating reformulation also include complete water miscibility and good coupling ability.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is a good substitute for E-series solvents; particularly, Ethylene glycol methyl ether and Ethylene glycol ethyl ether.

Cleaners:
Low toxicity, surface tension reduction, and fast evaporation are some of the benefits of using 1-methoxy-2-propanol in cleaning formulations.
1-methoxy-2-propanol also provides good solvency for polar and non polar materials.
1-methoxy-2-propanol can also be used in combination with Dowanol PnB / Arcosolv PnB in glass cleaning formulations.

Chemical Intermediate:
1-methoxy-2-propanol can be used in combination with other glycol ethers or solvents to custom tailor properties to meet the full requirements of the formulation.
1-methoxy-2-propanol has a very low content of primary alcohol, generally below 2%.

The primary alcohol isomer is more reactive than the secondary alcohol isomer.
Low primary alcohol content minimizes side product formation.

Electronics:
1-methoxy-2-propanol is used in conjunction with other solvents in the manufacture of laminates which are used to make circuit boards.
Additionally, 1-methoxy-2-propanol may be used in the cleaning and removal of solder flux and masks.

Other Applications:
The properties listed in the previous section also support the use of 1-methoxy-2-propanol in agricultural, cosmetic, ink, textile and adhesives products.

Key attributes of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
Excellent solvent activity
Good coupling efficiency
High dilution ratio
Inert - Food use with limitations
Inert - Nonfood use
Medium evaporation rate
Miscible with water and most organic liquids
Non-HAP
Non-SARA
Readily biodegradable

Manufacturing Methods of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
Ethers are prepared commercially by reacting propylene oxide with alcohol of choice in presence of catalyst.
They also may be prepared by direct alkylation of selected glycol with appropriate alkylating agent such as dialkyl sulfate in presence of alkali.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is produced by reacting propylene oxide with methanol.

General Manufacturing Information of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
Construction
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing
Miscellaneous Manufacturing
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
Other (requires additional information)
Paint and Coating Manufacturing
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
Plastics Product Manufacturing
Printing Ink Manufacturing
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade

In order to identify users of 1-methoxy-2-propanol and potential exposures, a chemical registration database maintained in Switzerland was analysed.
The database contains information on the composition of products (qualitative and quantitative), the field of use, the year of registration and the domain of commercial applications (public or professional).

Identification of potential exposures in Switzerland was carried out.
Out of a total of 150,000 products, 2334 were found to contain 1-methoxy-2-propanol and most contained between 1% and 10% 1-methoxy-2-propanol.

There was a great increase in the number of products declared between 1983 and 1991.
The principal fields of use were in inks, varnishes and paints.

Handling and storage of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
1-methoxy-2-propanol and its vapours are flammable.
1-methoxy-2-propanol should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place away from sources of ignition.
1-methoxy-2-propanol must be isolated from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers, bases and acids.

1-methoxy-2-propanol is a mild, but usually temporary, irritant to the eyes.
Repeated or prolonged contact with the skin may cause irritation, and in very large amounts skin absorption may cause drowsiness or dizziness.

High levels of 1-methoxy-2-propanol vapour may produce eye, nose and throat irritation, and at very high levels may produce anaesthetic or narcotic effects.
Unnecessary exposure should be prevented by appropriate work practices and engineering controls, adequate ventilation and by the use of approved personal protective equipment including gloves, clothing and safety goggles and the use of respirators where appropriate to the task being carried out.

Precautions for safe handling of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood. Do not inhale substance/mixture.
Avoid generation of vapours/aerosols.

Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.

Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing. Wash hands after working with substance.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.

Air sensitive.
Forms explosive peroxides on prolonged storage May form peroxides on contact with air.

Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 3: Flammable liquids

Stability and reactivity of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Reactivity:
Can violently decompose at elevated temperatures Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Vapor/air-mixtures are explosive at intense warming.

Chemical stability:
Sensitive to air.
1-methoxy-2-propanol is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

May form peroxides on prolonged storage.
Date container and periodically test for peroxides.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Conditions to avoid:
May form explosive peroxides.

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

First aid measures of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

General advice:
Show 1-methoxy-2-propanol safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.

In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.

In case of eye contact:

After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.

If swallowed:

After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

Firefighting measures of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water Foam Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry powder

Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For 1-methoxy-2-propanol no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.

Special hazards arising from 1-methoxy-2-propanol or mixture:
Carbon oxides

Flash back possible over considerable distance.
Container explosion may occur under fire conditions.

Vapors may form explosive mixture with air.
May form peroxides of unknown stability.

Combustible.
Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors.

Forms explosive mixtures with air at elevated temperatures.
Development of hazardous combustion gases or vapours possible in the event of fire.

Advice for firefighters:
In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

Accidental release measures of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Advice for non-emergency personnel:
Do not breathe vapors, aerosols.
Avoid substance contact.

Ensure adequate ventilation.
Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.
Evacuate the danger area, observe emergency procedures, consult an expert.

Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
Risk of explosion.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. Observe possible material restrictions.

Take up with liquid-absorbent material (e.g. Chemizorb).
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

Identifiers of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
CAS Number: 107-98-2
ChemSpider: 7612
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.218
PubChem CID: 7900
UNII: 74Z7JO8V3U
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID8024284
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10O2/c1-4(5)3-6-2/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3
Key: ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC(O)COC

Synonym(s): Propylene glycol methyl ether, Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether
Linear Formula: CH3CH(OH)CH2OCH3
CAS Number: 107-98-2
Molecular Weight: 90.12
Beilstein: 1731270
EC Number: 203-539-1
MDL number: MFCD00004537
PubChem Substance ID: 57651153

CAS number: 107-98-2
EC index number: 603-064-00-3
EC number: 203-539-1
Hill Formula: C₄H₁₀O₂
Chemical formula: CH₃OCH₂CH(OH)CH₃
Molar Mass: 90.12 g/mol
HS Code: 2909 49 80

Properties of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
Chemical formula: C4H10O2
Molar mass: 90.122 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Ethereal
Density: 0.92 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting point: −97 °C (−143 °F; 176 K)
Boiling point: 120 °C (248 °F; 393 K)
Solubility in water: Miscible
log P: -0.45

Formula: CH3OCH2CHOHCH3
CAS No: 107-98-2
Molar mass: 90.1 g mol
Density: 0.919 g/cm, liquid
Boiling Point: 120 C
Viscosity: 1.7 cP at 25 C
Other Names: Dowanol PM, 1-Methoxy-2-propanol, Methoxypropanol, Propylene glycol monomethyl ether,

vapor density: 3.12 (vs air)
Quality Level: 200
vapor pressure: 10.9 mmHg ( 25 °C)
product line: ReagentPlus®
Assay: ≥99.5%
form: liquid
autoignition temp.: 532 °F
expl. lim.: 13.8 %

impurities: ≤0.001% water
refractive index: n20/D 1.403 (lit.)
bp: 118-119 °C (lit.)
mp: -97 °C
solubility: water: miscible
density: 0.916 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
application(s): microbiology
greener alternative category: Aligned
SMILES string: CC(O)COC
InChI: 1S/C4H10O2/c1-4(5)3-6-2/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3
InChI key: ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling point: 120 °C (1013 mbar)
Density: 0.921 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Explosion limit: 1.7 - 11.5 %(V)
Flash point: 34 °C
Ignition temperature: 287 °C
Melting Point: -96 °C
pH value: 4 - 7 (200 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 11.33 hPa (20 °C)

Molecular Weight: 90.12 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 90.068079557 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 90.068079557 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 29.5Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 28.7
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.05.07)

Specifications of Propylene glycol methyl ether:
Purity (GC): ≥ 99.5 %
2-Methoxypropan-1-ol (GC): ≤ 0.29 %
Identity (IR): conforms
Free acid (as C₂H₅COOH): ≤ 0.002 %
Al (Aluminium): ≤ 20 ppb
Ca (Calcium): ≤ 50 ppb
Cu (Copper): ≤ 20 ppb
Fe (Iron): ≤ 100 ppb
K (Potassium): ≤ 50 ppb
Na (Sodium): ≤ 1000 ppb
Ni (Nickel): ≤ 20 ppb
Zn (Zinc): ≤ 20 ppb
Water: ≤ 0.1 %

Related Products of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
2,4-Dibromo-6-Fluoro-Benzonitrile
2,2-Dibromo-2-chloroacetamide
(3S)​-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)​carbonyl]​amino]​-4-hydroxy-butanoic Acid Methyl Ester
(2Z)-1-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-butenedioic Acid 4-Ethyl Ester
(2Z)-1-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-butenedioic Acid 4-Methyl Ester

Names of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:

Regulatory process names:
1-Methoxy-2-hydroxypropane
1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
1-methoxy-2-propanol monopropylene glycol methyl ether
1-methoxy-2-propanol; monopropylene glycol methyl ether
1-methoxypropan-2-ol
1-methoxypropan-2-ol
1-Methoxypropanol-2
2-Methoxy-1-methylethanol
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-
Closol
Dowanol 33B
Dowtherm 209
Methoxyisopropanol
Methyl proxitol
PGME
Poly-Solve MPM
Propasol solvent M
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether
Propylene glycol methyl ether
Ucar Solvent LM (Obs.)

Translated names:
1-methoxy-2-propanol monopropylenglycolmethylether (da)
1-Methoxy-2-propanol Monopropylenglycolmethylether (de)
1-methoxypropaan-2-ol propyleenglycolmonomethylether (nl)
1-methoxypropan-2-ol propylenglykolmonomethylether (cs)
1-metoksi-2-propanol monopropilen glikol metil eter (sl)
1-metoksi-2-propanoli monopropyleeniglykolimetyylieetteri (fi)
1-metoksi-2-propanolis monopropilenglikolio metileteris (lt)
1-metoksi-2-propanols monopropilēnglikola metilēteris (lv)
1-metoksy-2-propanol propylenglykolmonometyleter monopropylenglykolmetyleter (no)
1-metoksypropan-2-ol eter monometylowy glikolu propylenowego (pl)
1-metoksü-2-propanool monopropüleenglükoolmetüüleeter (et)
1-metossi-2-propanol eteru tal-metil glikol monopropilen (mt)
1-metossi-2-propanolo propilene glicol mono metil etere (it)
1-metoxi-2-propanol (sv)
1-metoxi-2-propanol monopropilen glicol metil eter (ro)
1-metoxi-2-propanol monopropilén-glikol-metil-éter (hu)
1-metoxi-2-propanol éter metílico de monopropilenglicol (es)
1-metoxi-2-propanol éter monometílico de propilenoglicol (pt)
1-metoxypropán-2-ol monopropylénglykol-metyléter (sk)
1-méthoxy-2-propanol; éther méthylique de monopropylène glycol éther méthylique de monopropylèneglycol (fr)
1-μεθοξυ-προπανόλη-2 μονομεθυλαιθέρας της προπυλενογλυκόλης (el)
1-метокси-2-пропанол монопропилен гликол метил етер (bg)

IUPAC names:
1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL
1-Methoxy-2-Propanol
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
1-methoxy-2-Propanol
1-methoxy-2-propanol
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
1-Methoxy-2-propanol (Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether)
1-methoxy-2-propanol monopropylene glycol methyl ether
1-Methoxy-2-propanol;
1-Methoxy-2-propanol; 2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-; Closol ...
1-methoxy-2-propanol; monopropylene glycol methyl ether
1-Methoxy-propan-2-ol
1-methoxy-propan-2-ol
1-METHOXYPROPAN-2-OL
1-Methoxypropan-2-ol
1-methoxypropan-2-ol
1-methoxypropan-2-ol
1-methoxypropan-2-ol ... Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
1-Methoxypropanol-2
1-metoksi-2-propanol
1-metoksypropan-2-ol
1-méthoxy-2-propanol
2-propanol, 1-methoxy
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-
Agent IA94
Dowanol PM
Dowanol PM - TE0036
Glycol Ether PM
Hydrocarbons, C9-C12, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, aromatics
Identification: ? 1-methoxy-2-propanol
methoxy propanol
methoxy-1-propanol-2
monopropylene glycol methyl ether
Not available
PM Solvent
propylene glycol methyl ether
Propylene glycol methyl ether
Propylene glycol methyl ether [PGME] (CAS 107-98-2)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
propylene glycol monomethylether
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether
propyleneglycol monomethylether
triphenyl phosphite

Preferred IUPAC name:
1-Methoxypropan-2-ol

Trade names:
1-Methoxy-2-hydroxypropane
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
1-methoxypropan-2-ol
1-Methoxypropanol-2
2-Methoxy-1-methylethanol
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy- (6CI, 7CI, 8CI, 9CI)
Agent IA94
Dowanol TM PM Glycol
DOWANOL™ PM Glycol Ether
Glycol Ether PM
METHYLPROXITOL
MFG
MISSION MODELS POLYURETHANE MIX ADDITIVE
ronacoat ro 304
SHP 401
SOLVENON PM

Other names:
PGME
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
Methoxypropanol
α-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
Dowanol PM

Other identifiers:
107-98-2
58769-19-0
603-064-00-3

Synonyms of 1-methoxy-2-propanol:
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
107-98-2
1-Methoxypropan-2-ol
Methoxyisopropanol
PGME
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-
Closol
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
Dowtherm 209
1-Methoxy-2-hydroxypropane
Propasol solvent M
Dowanol 33B
PROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER
2-Methoxy-1-methylethanol
Methyl proxitol
2-Propanol, methoxy-
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether
Ucar Solvent LM (Obs.)
NSC 2409
Dowanol-33B
HSDB 1016
1-methoxy-propan-2-ol
EINECS 203-539-1
UN3092
BRN 1731270
UNII-74Z7JO8V3U
.alpha.-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
AI3-15573
74Z7JO8V3U
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether
DTXSID8024284
NSC-2409
EC 203-539-1
3-01-00-02146 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID804284
CAS-107-98-2
propyleneglycol monomethylether
Glycol ether pm
Ucar solvent lm
Solvent PM
Icinol PM
methoxy isopropanol
Methoxy-2-propanol
MFCD00004537
1-methoxypropanol-2
1-Metoxipropan-2-ol
1-Metoksy-2-propanol
PME (CHRIS Code)
3-methoxy-propan-2-ol
Propan-1-methoxy-2-ol
2-Propanol, 1-metoxi-
rac-1-methoxy-2-propanol
1- methoxypropan- 2- ol
1,2-PROPYLENE GLYCOL 1-MONOMETHYL ETHER
2-methoxy-1-methyl ethanol
Propan-2-ol, 1-methoxy-
propylene glycol monomethylether
1-Methoxy-2-propanol, 98%
1-Methoxy-2-propanol (PGME)
Methoxypropanol, .alpha. isomer
(+/-)-1-methoxy-2-propanol
1 - methoxypropan - 2 - ol
CHEMBL3186306
METHOXYISOPROPANOL [INCI]
NSC2409
WLN: QY1 & 1O1
propylene glycol mono methyl ether
(+/-)2-methoxy-1-methylethanol
Propylene Glycol 1-Monomethyl Ether
Tox21_201803
Tox21_303269
LS-444
NA3092
1-Methoxy-2-propanol, >=99.5%
AKOS009158246
SB44649
SB44662
NCGC00249123-01
NCGC00256978-01
NCGC00259352-01
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)
1-METHOXY-2-HYDROXYPROPANE [HSDB]
1-Methoxy-2-propanol, analytical standard
FT-0608005
FT-0647598
FT-0654880
FT-0655258
M0126
EN300-73396
E72455
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER, ALPHA
1-Methoxy-2-propanol [UN3092] [Flammable liquid]
Q1884806
VOC Mixture 614 1.3-930 microg/mL in Triacetin
1-Methoxy-2-propanol [UN3092] [Flammable liquid]
VOC Mixture Kit 664 0.15-930 microg/mL in Triacetin
Z825742124
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether; (UCAR TRIOL HG-170)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether; (UCAR TRIOL HG-170)
InChI=1/C4H10O2/c1-4(5)3-6-2/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H
1-Methoxy-2-propanol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
107-98-2 [RN]
1-Methoxy-2-hydroxypropane
1-Methoxy-2-propanol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Méthoxy-2-propanol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-methoxypropan-2-ol
203-539-1 [EINECS]
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy- [ACD/Index Name]
74Z7JO8V3U
DOWANOL(R) PM
Methoxyisopropanol
Propylene glycol methyl ether [Wiki]
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether
UB7700000
UN 3092
UNII:74Z7JO8V3U
(R)-1-Methoxypropan-2-ol
(R)-tert-butyl 3-formylpiperidine-1-carboxylate
(S)-1-Methoxypropan-2-ol
1,2-propylene glycol 1-monomethyl ether
2-Methoxy-1-methylethanol
2-Propanol, methoxy-
Closol [Trade name]
Dowanol 33B [Trade name]
Dowanol PM [Trade name]
Dowanol-33B [Trade name]
Dowtherm 209 [Trade name]
Icinol PM [Trade name]
methoxypropanol
Methoxypropanol, α isomer
Methyl proxitol
MFCD01632587 [MDL number]
MFCD01632588 [MDL number]
PGME
Propan-1-methoxy-2-ol
propan-2-ol, 1-methoxy-
Propasol solvent M [Trade name]
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether
Propylenglykol-monomethylaether [German]
QY1 & 1O1 [WLN]
Solvent PM [Trade name]
ucar solvent LM [Trade name]
α-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL ACETATE
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a colorless liquid
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate has a sweet ether-like odor.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used in inks, coatings, and cleaners.


CAS NUMBER: 108-65-6

EC NUMBER: 203-603-9

MOLECULAR FORMULA: CH3CH(OCOCH3)CH2OCH3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 132.16 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: 1-methoxypropan-2-yl acetate



1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is also known as PMA, 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether-1,2-acetate
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a clear liquid that has limited miscibility with water.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a medium volatility solvent with a mild odour and has the formula C6H12O3.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a P-type glycol ether
In the semiconductor industry, PGMEA is a commonly used solvent, primarily for the application of surface adherents such as Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine (HMDS) on silicon wafers.
The compound is often the most abundant airborne, molecular contamination (AMC) in semiconductor cleanrooms, due to its evaporation into ambient air.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate (also known as PMA, 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether-1,2-acetate) is a clear liquid that has limited miscibility with water.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a medium volatility solvent with a mild odor and has the formula C6H12O3.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used as a solvent for paints, inks, lacquers, varnishes, cleaners, coatings, ink-removers, and pesticides.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used in photoresist formulations in the semiconductor industry.

How is it produced?
Methoxy propyl acetate is produced when ethylene, or propylene, oxide is reacted with alcohol.
This forms glycol monoethers which are then esterified with acetic acid to produce PMA.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a slow evaporating solvent with both ether and ester functional groups.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a colorless liquid with a mild odor.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate (stabilised with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol) for synthesis.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate has good resin compatibility and solubility characteristics and are particularly well suited for air-dry systems because of their evaporation rates.

This substance is used in the following products:
-coating products
-washing & cleaning products
-plant protection products

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a medium volatility solvent with a mild odour and has the formula C6H12O3.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a glycol type solvent used in inks, coatings, and cleaners.

What is Methoxy Propanol (PMA) used for?
There are several applications for methoxy propyl acetate.
The first is as a solvent as PMA has good solvent power for many resins and dyes.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used in dyes for furniture polish or wood stains, and in dye solutions and pastes for printing.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is also used in processes that colour leather and textiles, and in ball-point pen pastes.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate can also be used as a coalescent in coatings, and is particularly suitable for coatings containing polyisocyanates.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate can also be used as a binder for core sands in foundries
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is also utilised as a cleaning agent in the electronics industry.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is also used with heat cure systems to help control evaporation rates.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is being used in inks, coatings, and cleaners.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate, also known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, is a clear, colourless liquid with a mild ether-like odour.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is only slightly soluble in water but miscible with most common organic solvents.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is slightly hygroscopic, relatively fast evaporating and has a low viscosity.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate enters into reactions which are characteristic of both esters and ethers, displaying their good solvent power.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is also used in processes that colour leather and textiles, and in ball-point pen pastes.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate can also be used as a coalescent in coatings, and is particularly suitable for coatings containing polyisocyanates.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate can also be used as a binder for core sands in foundries and is also utilised as a cleaning agent in the electronics industry.

1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate is only slightly soluble in water but miscible with most common organic solvents.
1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate is slightly hygroscopic and relatively fast evaporating
1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate has a low viscosity.
1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate enters into reactions which are characteristic of both esters and ethers, displaying their good solvent power.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a colorless liquid with a sweet ether-like odor.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate (PGMEA, 1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate) is a P-type glycol ether used in inks, coatings, and cleaners.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate, also known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, is a clear, colourless liquid with a mild ether-like odour.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is only slightly soluble in water but miscible with most common organic solvents.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used as a solvent for paints, inks, lacquers, varnishes, cleaners and coatings.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a high-grade industrial solvent with low toxicity and excellent performance.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is particularly suitable for coatings, the polyisocyanates contained.

Applications of Methoxy Propyl Acetate (Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate):
The main applications of 1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate are in coatings and printing inks, where it is frequently used as an alternative to ethoxyethyl acetate.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used as a carrier solvent for resins and inks that are incompatible with water such as acrylics, epoxies, alkyds and polyesters.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is formulated into a great many other industrial and commercial products such as paints, lacquers, varnishes, cleaners, ink removers, pesticides, adhesives, dyes for furniture polishes, wood stains, leather and textiles, and also as a binder for core sands in foundries.


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 132.16 g/mol

-XLogP3-AA: 0.4

-Exact Mass: 132.078644241 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 132.078644241 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 35.5Ų

-Physical Description: colorless liquid with a sweet ether-like odor

-Color: Colorless

-Form: Liquid

-Odor: Sweet, ether-like

-Boiling Point: 145-146 °C

-Melting Point: -66 °C

-Flash Point: 42 °C

-Solubility: 19.8

-Density: 0.969

-Vapor Density: 1.02

-Vapor Pressure: 3.92 mmHg

-Autoignition Temperature: 670 °F

-Surface Tension: 26.4 dynes/cm


1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is slightly hygroscopic, relatively fast evaporating and has a low viscosity.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate enters into reactions which are characteristic of both esters and ethers, displaying their good solvent power.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is produced by reacting propylene oxide with methanol using a catalyst.


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3

-Rotatable Bond Count: 4

-Heavy Atom Count: 9

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 90.3

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

-Chemical Classes: Solvents -> Glycol Ethers (P Series)


1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate, also known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate's chemical formula is C6H12O3
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with special smell.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a non pollution solvent with multi-functional groups.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is an advanced solvent.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is extensively used in many decorative and protective coating formulations.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is the best solvent in coatings and inks.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is suitable for unsaturated polyester, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate's molecule has both ether bond and carbonyl.
Carbonyl forms the structure of ester and contains alkyl at the same time.
In the same molecule, there are both non-polar and polar parts.
The functional groups of these two parts not only restrict and repel each other, but also play their inherent roles.
Therefore, 1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate has a certain solubility for non-polar substances and polar substances.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a non pollution solvent with multi-functional groups.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is mainly used as the solvent of ink, paint, ink, textile dye and textile oil agent, and also as the cleaning agent in the production of LCD.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is an advanced solvent.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a clear, slightly hygroscopic liquid with a mild odor and moderate volatility.

ADVANTAGES of 1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate:
• Powerful solvency
• High dilution ratio
• Relatively fast evaporation rate
• Lowest viscosity; superb viscosity reduction

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate has good solubility for paints and resins.
The solubility of 1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate in water is very limited.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate has a similar evaporation rate and solvency compared to Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl ether acetate in an acrylic-epoxy baking enamel formulation.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is used primarily in inks, coatings, cleaners and as a solvent.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate, also known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, with molecular formula of C6H12O3, is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with special smell.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is a non pollution solvent with multi-functional groups.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is mainly used as the solvent of ink, paint, ink, textile dye and textile oil agent
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is also used as the cleaning agent in the production of LCD.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is flammable, may form explosive vapor / air mixture above 42 ° C.
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate is an advanced solvent.

1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate's molecule has both ether bond and carbonyl.
Carbonyl forms the structure of ester and contains alkyl at the same time.

In the same molecule, there are both non-polar and polar parts.
The functional groups of these two parts not only restrict and repel each other, but also play their inherent roles.
Therefore, 1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate has a certain solubility for non-polar substances and polar substances.


SYNONYMS:

1-Methoxy-2-propyl acetate
108-65-6
1-methoxypropan-2-yl acetate
Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
2-Acetoxy-1-methoxypropane
PGMEA
1-Methoxy-2-acetoxypropane
2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, acetate
METHOXYISOPROPYL ACETATE
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether acetate
NSC 2207
Acetic acid, 2-methoxy-1-methylethyl ester
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, 2-acetate
EINECS 203-603-9
Dowanol (R) PMA glycol ether acetate
UNII-PA7O2U6S2Q
PROPYLENEGLYCOLMETHYLETHERACETATE
BRN 1751656
PA7O2U6S2Q
2-(1-Methoxy)propyl acetate
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether 2-acetate
AI3-18548
DTXSID1026796
Propylene Glycol 1-Monomethyl Ether 2-Acetate
NSC-2207
propylene glycol monomethylether acetate
EC 203-603-9
Arcosolv PMA
Dowanol PMA
MFCD00038500
2-Propanol, acetate
Ektasolve PM Acetate
1,2-Propanediol monomethyl ether acetate
PGN (CHRIS Code)
SU 8 DEVELOPER
1-Metoksy-2-propylacetat
1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetate
1-methoxy-2-acetoxy propane
SCHEMBL15667
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetat
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetate
DTXCID106796
CHEMBL3182130
2-Propyl, 1-methoxy-, acetate
HSDB 8443
LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-
NSC2207
propyleneglycol methyl ether acetate
Tox21_201436
2-Propanol, 1-metoxi-, 2-acetato
AKOS015837930
Glycol Ether PM Acetate Reagent Grade
METHOXYISOPROPYL ACETATE
NCGC00249046-01
NCGC00258987-01
142300-82-1
CAS-108-65-6
FT-0675939
P1171
1,2-Propanediol 1-Monomethyl Ether 2-Acetate
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, 99%
Actate de l'ther monomthylique du propylne glycol
EN300-1725866
J-504836
Q2170375
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
InChI=1/C6H12O3/c1-5(4-8-3)9-6(2)7/h5H,4H2,1-3H3
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether 2-acetate 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; (1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetate)
1-Methoxy-2-acetoxypropane
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate
1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate
1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate
1-Methoxy-2-propylacetat
1-methoxy_acetate
1-methoxypropan-2-yl acetate
1-Methoxypropylacetat-2
1-Methoxypropylacetate-2
2-acetate1-methoxypropan-2-yl acetate
2-methhoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetat
2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate (MPA)
2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate (PROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ACETATE)
2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate CAS information ?
2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate.
2-methoxy-1-methylethyl-acetát
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetaat
1,2-PROPANEDIOL 1-MONOMETHYL ETHER 2-ACETATE
1,2-PROPANEDIOL MONOMETHYL ETHER ACETATE
1-Methoxy-2- Propanol Acetate
1-METHOXY-2-PROPYL ACETATE
2-(1-METHOXY)PROPYL ACETATE
2-ACETOXY-1-METHOXYPROPANE
2-METHOXY-1-METHYLETHYL ACETATE
2-(METHOXY)PROPYL ACETATE
ACETIC ACID 2-METHOXYPROPYL ESTER
ACETIC ACID METHOXYPROPYL ESTER
ARCOSOLV(R) PMA
DOWANOL(TM) PMA
GLYCOL ETHER PMA
MPA
PMA
PMA-EL
PROPYLENE GLYCOL 1-METHYL ETHER 2-ACETATE
PROPYLENE GLYCOL 1-MONOMETHYL ETHER 2-ACETATE
PROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ACETATE
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER ACETATE

1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE (N-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE)

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, also known as N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), is an organic compound with the chemical formula C5H9NO.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic amine-like odor.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a highly polar solvent that is miscible with water and most organic solvents.

CAS Number: 872-50-4
EC Number: 212-828-1



APPLICATIONS


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is widely used as a solvent in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is an essential solvent in the production of agrochemicals, such as herbicides and pesticides.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in polymer processing for dissolving and blending polymers and resins.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is an important component in the production of lithium-ion batteries.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a dyeing and printing solvent in the textile industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the metal finishing industry for surface coating and plating.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a cleaning agent in the electronics industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the semiconductor industry for cleaning and stripping wafers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in adhesives and sealants as a solvent and carrier.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of fragrances and flavors in the food industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of resins for composite materials.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the oil and gas industry for extraction and purification processes.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in water treatment and desalination processes.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the pulp and paper industry for pulp processing.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a fuel additive and extraction agent.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the foundry and metal casting industry for mold and core production.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the agricultural industry for crop protection.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the manufacture of rubber products, such as tires and seals.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of plasticizers and lubricants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in ink production for solvent-based printing.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a cleaning and degreasing agent.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of pharmaceutical intermediates and formulations.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of adhesives for the construction industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of polyurethane foams and elastomers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of resins for the coatings industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent for polymeric materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyimides.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a common solvent used in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a reaction medium in the synthesis of organic compounds.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of inks and dyes.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of lithium-ion batteries as a solvent for the electrolyte.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a solvent in the production of carbon nanotubes and graphene.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of electronic components, such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of adhesives and coatings.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of specialty chemicals, such as surfactants and detergents.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of synthetic fibers, such as nylon.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a reaction medium in the production of polymers, such as polyamide and polyurethane.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the extraction of natural products, such as essential oils and flavors.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of fragrances and perfumes.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a reaction medium in the synthesis of biodegradable polymers.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of personal care products, such as lotions and shampoos.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of printing inks and varnishes.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a reaction medium in the production of pharmaceutical intermediates.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of high-performance plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polysulfone (PSU).
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of rubber and elastomers.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a reaction medium in the production of fine chemicals, such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of cleaning agents and disinfectants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of paint and coatings for automotive and industrial applications.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can be used as a reaction medium in the production of resins, such as epoxy and phenolic resins.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of food and beverage additives, such as emulsifiers and thickeners.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of natural gas and petroleum derivatives, such as butadiene and propylene oxide.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of polymers, fibers, and resins.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction medium in various organic syntheses.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a cleaning agent in the electronics industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a co-solvent and electrolyte additive in lithium-ion batteries.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent and dispersant in the formulation of inks and coatings.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the extraction of natural products.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a processing aid in the manufacture of semiconductors and electronic components.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction medium in the production of organic compounds.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a co-solvent in the formulation of personal care products.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of pesticides and herbicides.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent for extraction and purification of proteins.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and graphene.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of flavors and fragrances.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction solvent in the production of dyes and pigments.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent for the isolation and purification of natural products.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of adhesives and sealants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent for chemical reactions in the agrochemical industry.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction medium for the production of specialty chemicals.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of industrial and household cleaners.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction solvent in the production of advanced materials.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of printing inks and toners.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of photographic films and papers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of lubricants and greases.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a reaction medium in the production of polymers and plastics.


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) has various applications in different industries, including:

Solvent in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals production.
Polymer processing and resin production.
Lithium-ion battery manufacturing.
Textile industry for dyeing and printing of synthetic fabrics.
Surface coating and metal finishing industries.
Oil and gas industry for refining, extraction, and purification processes.
Adhesives and sealant production.
Electronics industry for semiconductor production.
Pesticide and herbicide production.
Cleaning agents in electronic and optical equipment.
Foundry and metal casting industry for mold and core production.
Gas treatment and purification processes.
Wood and paper industry for pulp and paper processing.
Fuel additives and extraction agents.
Food industry for processing and extraction of flavors and fragrances.
Inks and printing industry for solvent-based printing.
Personal care and cosmetic products as a solvent and carrier.
Agricultural industry for crop protection.
Chemical intermediates and synthesis.
Water treatment and desalination processes.
Resin production for composites and advanced materials.
Cleaning and degreasing agents.
Pharmaceutical intermediates and formulation.
Plasticizer and lubricant production.
Rubber industry for vulcanization and compounding.



DESCRIPTION


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, also known as N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), is an organic compound with the chemical formula C5H9NO.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic amine-like odor.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a highly polar solvent that is miscible with water and most organic solvents.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is commonly used as a solvent in the manufacturing of a wide range of industrial and consumer products.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is also used as a reaction medium and as a starting material in the synthesis of various organic compounds.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic amine-like odor.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is highly soluble in water and most organic solvents.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a polar aprotic solvent that has a high boiling point of 202°C.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is commonly used as a solvent in the manufacturing of polymers, resins, and coatings.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is also used as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is an excellent solvent for many types of plastics and synthetic fibers.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is often used as a reaction medium for various chemical reactions.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is also used as a dispersant and emulsifier in the production of paints and coatings.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a highly effective solvent for many types of adhesives and sealants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a popular solvent for lithium-ion battery electrolytes due to its high ionic conductivity and stability.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used as a solvent in the production of inks, dyes, and pigments.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is also used as a stripping agent for the removal of photoresist in semiconductor manufacturing.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is used in the production of certain types of textiles and leather products.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is also used as a solvent for cleaning electronic components and circuit boards.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a common ingredient in solvent blends used for paint and coating applications.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a regulated substance due to its potential health hazards and environmental impact.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) has a low vapor pressure, which makes it less volatile and safer to handle compared to some other solvents.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is considered a hazardous air pollutant by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and other health effects if not handled properly.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is biodegradable, which makes it a more environmentally friendly solvent option.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is not listed as a volatile organic compound (VOC) by the EPA.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) has a high flash point, which makes it less flammable compared to some other solvents.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is compatible with many types of materials, including metals, plastics, and elastomers.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is widely used in the chemical industry as a versatile and effective solvent for a variety of applications.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: C₅H₉NO
Molecular weight: 99.13 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Density: 1.03 g/cm³
Melting point: -24 °C
Boiling point: 202-204 °C
Flash point: 87 °C
Vapor pressure: 1 mmHg at 114 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.468
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, and chloroform
Viscosity: 2.4 cP at 25 °C
pH: Neutral (7.0)
Dielectric constant: 32.2 at 20 °C
Heat capacity: 2.59 J/g·K
Heat of vaporization: 44.4 kJ/mol
Heat of combustion: -3.39 MJ/mol
Autoignition temperature: 435 °C
Explosive limits: 1.6-11.6% (by volume)
Toxicity: May cause skin and eye irritation, respiratory and central nervous system depression, liver and kidney damage, and reproductive effects. It is considered a reproductive toxin and may cause harm to developing fetuses.



FIRST AID


If you come into contact with 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone), the following first aid measures are recommended:


Inhalation:

Move to an area with fresh air.
If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.


Skin contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water.
If skin irritation occurs, seek medical attention.


Eye contact:

Rinse the eyes with plenty of water for several minutes while holding the eyelids open.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth with water and do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately.


Note: It is important to refer to the specific material safety data sheet (MSDS) for detailed first aid measures and emergency procedures.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition.
Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled.

Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and ultraviolet radiation.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection, when handling the chemical.
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Do not eat, drink or smoke in areas where the chemical is handled or stored.
Observe good hygiene practices, including washing hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling the chemical.



SYNONYMS


NMP
N-Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one
Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-Methyl-5-pyrrolidin-2-one
N-Methyl-5-pyrrolidone-2-one
N-Methylbutyrolactam
N-Methylsuccinimide
N-Methyltetrahydro-2-furanone
NSC 62045
Solvent 805
UNII-5E8K9I0O4U
Methyllactam
Pyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolin-5-one
N-Methylsuccinamic acid
N-Methylglutaramic acid
N-Methylpyrrolidone-2
N-Methyl-γ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-α-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-ε-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-β-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-δ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-η-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-θ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-κ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-ι-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-λ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-μ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-ν-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-ξ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-ο-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-π-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-ρ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
M-Pyrol
N-Methylpyrrolidinone
1-Methylpyrrolidinone
1-Methylpyrrolidone
Methyl pyrrolidone
n-methyl-pyrrolidone
2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-
1-Methyl-5-pyrrolidinone
1-Methylazacyclopentan-2-one
N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
NMP
N-Methyl-gamma-butyrolactam
N-methyl pyrrolidone
1-methylpyrrolidine-2-one
N-methyl pyrrolidinone
Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrrolidon
Methylpyrrolidinone
one
N-Methyl-.alpha.-pyrrolidone
CHEMBL12543
N-Methyl-.gamma.-butyrolactam
CHEBI:7307
N-Methyl-.alpha.-pyrrolidinone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, anhydrous
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, HPLC Grade
N 0131
26876-92-6
DTXCID60856
pharmasolve
N-Methylpyrrolidon
CAS-872-50-4
CCRIS 1633
N-methyl-pyrrolidinone
Methylpyrrolidone, N-
HSDB 5022
Pyrrolidinone, methyl-
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon
1-methyl-2-pyrolidone
EINECS 212-828-1
UNII-JR9CE63FPM
N-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (GC)
Micropure ultra
AI3-23116
N-methylpyrolidone
N-methypyrrolidone
Max-1 peptide
Pyrol M
N-methylpirrolidone
1methylpyrrolidinone
n-methyl pyrrolidon
n-methylbutyrolactam
N-methy pyrrolidone
N-methyl-pyrolidone
N-methyl-pyrrolidon
N-methylpyrolidinone
1-methylpyrolidinone
Microposit 2001
n-methylpyrollidinone
N-Methylpyrrolidione
N-methlypyrrolidinone
N-methyl pirrolidone
N-methyl pyrollidone
N-methyl-pyrollidone
N-methylpyrrolidone-
NMP,SP Grade
1-methyl pyrrolidone
1-methyl-pyrrolidone
methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-methy pyrrolidinone
N-methyl pyrolidinone
N-methyl-pyrolidinone
N-methyl- pyrrolidone
N-methylpyrro-lidinone
N-methylpyrroli-dinone
N-methylpyrrolidin-one
1-methyl-2pyrrolidone
1-methyl2-pyrrolidone
1methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-methyl pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-pyrrolidinone
methylpyrrolidin-2-one
N-methy-2-pyrrolidone
N-methyl 2-pyrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrolidone
3p1d
N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrollidone
1-methyl-2-pirrolidone
1-methyl-2-pyroldinone
1-methylpyrrolid-2-one
1methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
n-methylpyrrolidine-2one
N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinon
N-methylpyrolidin-2-one
1-methy-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrolidinone
N-methyl 2-pyrrolidinone
N-methyl-2-pyrollidinone
N-methyl-pyrrolid-2-one
N-methylpyrollidin-2-one
1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-methyl 2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrollidinone
1-methyl-pyrrolin-2-one
N-Methylpyrrolidone-(2)
NMP, N-Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2one
N-methylpyrrolidine-2-one
WLN: T5NVTJ A
N-methyl -2-pyrrolidinone
1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl -2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone
EC 212-828-1
2-Pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-
1-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-one
1-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-methyl-pyrrolidin -2-one
30207-69-3
1-Methylazacyclopentane-2-one
GTPL9520
METHYL PYRROLIDONE [II]
1-Methyl-2- pyrrolidin-2-one
1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE [MI]
METHYL PYRROLIDONE [INCI]
NSC4594
METHYLPYRROLIDONE [USP-RS]
HY-Y1275
N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE [MART.]
ZINC3860621
Tox21_202350
Tox21_300097
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 99.5%
BDBM50353587
N-Methyl pyrrolidon (Peptide Grade)
N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE [USP-RS]
s6282
STL183295
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone ACS reagent
AKOS000120930
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, BioSolv(R)
DB12521
SL 1332
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, Reagent, ACS
1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE [HSDB]
NCGC00247902-01
NCGC00247902-02
NCGC00253935-01
NCGC00259899-01
BP-31156
N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE [EP MONOGRAPH]
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (Low water content)
AM20110252
CS-0017258
FT-0608052
FT-0672137
FT-0698122
FT-0700571
M0418
M3055
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, analytical standard
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, anhydrous, 99.5%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, for HPLC, >=99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, for synthesis, 99%
D78116
M 0418
Q33103
Residual Solvent Class 2 - N-Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Spectrophotometric Grade
2-PYRROLIDONE,1-METHYL MFC5 H9 N1 O1
A842053
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
2,5-Dichloro-4,6-dimethyl pyridine-3-carbonitrile
J-504921
J-803017
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, biotech. grade, >=99.7%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Electronic/Cleanroom Grade
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, p.a., ACS reagent, 99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, anhydrous, water 40ppm max.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
Z104478382
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, for metal speciation analysis, >=99.0% (GC)
Methylpyrrolidone, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
N-Methylpyrrolidone, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE (N-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDONE)

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is commonly referred to as NMP and has a boiling point of 202-204°C.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and other organic solvents, and is considered a versatile solvent in various industries.

CAS Number: 872-50-4
EC Number: 212-828-1



APPLICATIONS


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in many industrial applications.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is commonly used in the production of synthetic fibers, such as nylon and polyester.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacture of electronics and electrical components.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent and carrier for drug delivery systems.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for natural and synthetic resins.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a cleaner and degreaser for industrial equipment and machinery.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of high-performance polymers and plastics.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of paints, coatings, and adhesives.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of agricultural chemicals, such as herbicides and pesticides.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction of natural products, such as essential oils and flavors.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of lithium-ion batteries as a solvent for electrolytes.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of high-quality printing inks.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the manufacture of rubber products, such as tires and conveyor belts.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for cleaning and disinfecting medical equipment.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the production of flavors and fragrances.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the production of detergents and cleaning agents.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the textile industry as a solvent for dyeing and finishing.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of adhesives and sealants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the production of waterborne coatings and inks.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of personal care products, such as shampoos and lotions.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of coatings for food packaging.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the production of carbon fibers.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction of minerals and metals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of specialty chemicals, such as surfactants and catalysts.


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) has a wide range of applications, including:

Solvent for various organic and inorganic compounds
Extraction solvent in petrochemical refining and natural gas processing
Solvent for the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes
Polymer processing aid in the production of fibers, films, and plastics
Co-solvent for battery electrolytes
Carrier solvent for printing inks and coatings
Chemical intermediate for the synthesis of other chemicals
Co-solvent in the formulation of personal care products such as lotions and shampoos
Solvent for the formulation of cleaners and degreasers
Stabilizer and antifreeze in lithium-ion battery electrolytes
Extraction solvent for edible oils
Catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates
Solvent for the production of membranes used in water purification
Solvent for the formulation of adhesives and sealants
Solvent for the formulation of lubricants and metalworking fluids
Co-solvent for the formulation of paints and coatings
Solvent for the production of microelectronics and semiconductors
Solvent for the formulation of pesticides and herbicides
Solvent for the formulation of fragrances and flavors
Co-solvent in the formulation of inks for inkjet printers
Solvent for the production of polyurethane coatings and adhesives
Solvent for the formulation of resins and varnishes
Extraction solvent for flavors and fragrances
Solvent for the formulation of resins used in the production of printed circuit boards
Solvent for the formulation of cleaning agents used in the electronics industry.


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction and purification of various chemicals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacturing of synthetic fibers, films, and coatings.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of printing inks and dyes.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of high-performance lubricants and greases.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of resins, polymers, and plastics.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the synthesis of organic compounds and intermediates.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the extraction and purification of natural products, such as essential oils and flavors.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of personal care products, such as cosmetics and lotions.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacture of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of microelectronics and semiconductors.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacture of adhesives and sealants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of specialty chemicals and fine chemicals.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacture of detergents and surfactants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of flavors and fragrances.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of agricultural chemicals, such as herbicides and pesticides.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of paints and coatings.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of cleaners and degreasers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of rubber and plastics.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of inkjet printer inks.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacture of optical fibers and lenses.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of fuel additives and oilfield chemicals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the formulation of food and beverage products, such as flavorings and extracts.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of nanomaterials and nanoparticles.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the manufacturing of specialty gases and gas mixtures.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction and purification of natural products.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of high-performance polymers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of photoresist and as a developer in photolithography.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of electronic components and as a cleaning solvent for electronic equipment.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for lithium-ion battery electrolytes.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of carbon fibers and as a solvent for spinning polyacrylonitrile fibers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of adhesives and coatings.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a co-solvent in the production of paints and inks.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of printing plates and as a cleaner for printing presses.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the extraction and purification of proteins.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of dyes and pigments.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the synthesis of zeolites.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of membranes and as a coating for membranes.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of surfactants and as a solvent for surfactants.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction and purification of metals.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of resins and as a solvent for resins.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction and purification of oils and fats.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of food additives and as a solvent for food additives.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the production of flavors and fragrances.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent in the production of detergents and as a cleaning solvent for industrial equipment.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of rubber and as a solvent for rubber.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the extraction and purification of cellulose.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used in the production of pesticides and herbicides.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is used as a solvent for the production of cleaning products and as a cleaning solvent for households and industries.



DESCRIPTION


1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is commonly referred to as NMP and has a boiling point of 202-204°C.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and other organic solvents, and is considered a versatile solvent in various industries.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is also used in the production of certain polymers and resins, and as a solvent for a variety of applications including the processing of plastics, coatings, and electronic materials.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) is also used as a reagent in organic synthesis.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) has been classified as a reproductive toxicant in Europe and is subject to regulatory restrictions in some countries.



PROPERTIES


Molecular formula: C5H9NO
Molecular weight: 99.13 g/mol
Physical state: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Ammonia-like odor
Density: 1.026 g/cm³
Melting point: −24.6 °C (−12.3 °F; 248.6 K)
Boiling point: 202 °C (396 °F; 475 K)
Flash point: 93 °C (199 °F; 366 K)
Vapor pressure: 0.51 kPa at 25 °C
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, and chloroform
Viscosity: 2.1 cP at 25 °C
pH: Neutral (7)
Auto-ignition temperature: 390 °C (734 °F; 663 K)
Heat of vaporization: 44.3 kJ/mol
Refractive index: 1.4662 at 20 °C
Dielectric constant: 32.9 at 20 °C
Surface tension: 35.2 mN/m at 20 °C
Heat capacity: 142.2 J/(mol·K)
Thermal conductivity: 0.129 W/(m·K)
Partition coefficient (log Kow): -1.14
Toxicity: Low toxicity, but may cause skin and eye irritation
Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides
Stability: Stable under normal conditions, but may react with strong oxidizing agents or strong acids
Polymerization: Will not occur
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive



FIRST AID


In case of skin contact, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with soap and water.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness persists.

If 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) comes into contact with eyes, rinse thoroughly with water for several minutes, holding eyelids apart.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness persists.

If the chemical is inhaled, move the person to an area with fresh air.
If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.

In case of ingestion, rinse the mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.
If the person exposed to 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone is unconscious, do not give anything by mouth and seek immediate medical attention.

If the chemical is spilled on clothing, remove the clothing and wash the affected area of skin with soap and water.
If the chemical is spilled on the floor, contain the spill and absorb with an inert material, such as sand or vermiculite.
Collect and dispose of the spill in accordance with local regulations.

In the event of a fire involving 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, use dry chemical powder or carbon dioxide to extinguish the fire.
Water should not be used as it may spread the fire or cause splashing of the chemical.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing.
Handle in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to minimize exposure to vapors.
Do not ingest or inhale the substance.


Storage:

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled.
Store away from sources of heat, ignition, and direct sunlight.
Store in a secure area to prevent unauthorized access.


Additional precautions:

Follow all applicable local, state, and federal regulations for handling and storage.
Have emergency response procedures in place in case of accidental exposure or spill.
Properly dispose of any contaminated materials or waste in accordance with regulations.



SYNONYMS


NMP
N-methylpyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-methylpyrrolidone
NMP solvent
N-Methylpyrrolidone solution
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 99+%
1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one
Methylpyrrolidinone
M-Pyrol
M-Pyrol solvent
NSC 71908
Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-2-
N-Methylbutyrolactam
N-Methylbutyrolactone
N-Methylpyrrolidine-2-one
N-Methylpyrrolidone (solvent)
NMP-Pyrol
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP)
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (solvent)
NMP
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Methylpyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one
N-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
M-Pyrol
NSC 62786
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolin-5-one
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolinone
1-Methyl-5-pyrrolidone-2-one
5-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone-1-one
N-Methyl-5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinone
N-Methyl-2-oxopyrrolidine
Methylpyrrolidinone
Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidineone
N-Methyl-2-pyrroline-5-one
1-Methyl-5-pyrrolidin-2-one
N-Methylpyrrolidone-2
N-Methylpyrrolidinone-2
Methylpyrrolidone-2
Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone-1
5-Methylpyrrolidone-2-one
N-Methyl-σ-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-τ-pyrrolidone
NMP
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Methylpyrrolidone
NSC 9567
Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-2-
UN 3427
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, reagent grade
M-Pyrol
2-Pyrrolidinone, methyl-
Methylpyrrolidone [NF]
N-Methylpyrrolid-2-one
2687-44-7
N-Methyl-alpha-pyrrolidone
NSC 4594
Agsolex 1
N-Methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinone
51013-18-4
DTXSID6020856
NSC-4594
MFCD00003193
JR9CE63FPM
1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, anhydrous
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 99%
M-Pyrolidone
Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-2-, monohydrate
1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one
N-Methylpyrrolidine-2-one
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, anhydrous, 99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, electronic grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, electronic grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ultrapure
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, for synthesis
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, spectrophotometric grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, HPLC grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, biotech grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, food grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, USP grade
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, pharmaceutical grade
1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE
872-50-4
N-Methylpyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone








1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDONE
DESCRIPTION:

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is highly polar organic solvent used in a variety of industries and applications.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a natural product.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone appears as a clear colorless liquid with a "fishlike" odor.



CAS NUMBER: 872-50-4

EC NUMBER: 212-828-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C5H9NO

MOLECULAR FORMULA: 99.15



DESCRIPTION:

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is denser than water.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone's flash point is 199 °F.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a member of the class of pyrrolidine-2-ones that is pyrrolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a role as a polar aprotic solvent.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a lactam and a member of pyrrolidin-2-ones.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the petrochemical, polymer and battery industries as a solvent, exploiting its nonvolatility and ability to dissolve diverse materials.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is produced industrially by a typical ester-to-amide conversion, by treating butyrolactone with methylamine.
Alternative routes include the partial hydrogenation of N-methylsuccinimide and the reaction of acrylonitrile with methylamine followed by hydrolysis.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a polar solvent with outstanding characteristics.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a wide range of applications because it offers very high solvency, high boiling point, low freezing point, and ease of handling.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a flammable organic liquid consisting of a 5-membered lactam.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is available in various quantities and reagent grades.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a dipolar aprotic solvent with petrochemical, plastic, and pharmaceutical applications.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a chemical compound with 5-membered lactam structure.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid miscible with water.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in petrochemical processing, and as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper.

In the pharmaceutical industry, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the formulation for drugs by both oral and transdermal delivery routes.
In the face of increasing regulation, some manufacturers are considering alternative solvents for some applications, especially where worker exposure is difficult to control, such as in paint stripping, graffiti removal, and agriculture.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a clear colorless liquid with a fishlike” odor.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as a solvent reagent and synthetic material.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a pyrrolidinone compound solvent that has been documented to act a cosolvent and a complexing agent at the same time.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has been used in gel filtration of protected peptides, as well as utilized as a cryoprotective chemical for the freeze fracture technique.
1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone is useful for the chemical functionalization of graphene sheets by solvothermal reduction of graphene oxide.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is also useful for pharmaceutical and different industrial applications due to its broad solvency and low volatility.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as stripping agent, oven cleaners and paint strippers.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is involved in the extraction of lube oil process and in the purification of synthetic gas.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a high boiling, polar aprotic, low viscosity liquid.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a good solvency for a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds and it is miscible with water at all temperatures and has a high chemical and thermal stability.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as a solvent for engineering polymers and coating resins.
The polar nature and the low surface tension of 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone makes it also an excellent cleaning medium and paint stripping solvent.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is an important chemical raw material.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a polar solvent with strong selectivity and good stability.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has low toxicity, high boiling point, strong solubility, non-flammable, biodegradable, recyclable, safe to use, and suitable for the advantages of multiple formulations and uses.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is widely used in petrochemical, pesticide, medicine, electronic materials and other fields.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a polar aprotic solvent that has the advantages of low toxicity, high boiling point, outstanding solvency, strong selectivity and good stability.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is widely used in purification of aromatic hydrocarbon extraction, acetylene, olefins, and diolefins.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in industrial cleaning, and it serves as a solvent for production of pesticides, engineering plastics, coatings, synthetic fibers, and integrated circuits.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone can also be used as an industrial cleanser, dispersant, dye, lubricant and antifreeze.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is an excellent solvent, widely used in aromatics extraction, lubricating oil refining, acetylene enrichment, butadiene separation and synthesis gas desulfurization.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in gas desulfurization, lubricating oil refining, lubricating oil antifreeze, olefin extraction, and as a solvent for insoluble engineering plastics polymerization.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be used in herbicide, to clean insulation materials, semiconductor industry precision instruments and circuit boards, to recycle PVC exhaust, as a detergent, dye supplement and dispersing agent.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in mediums for polymerization reactions such as engineering plastics and aramid fiber.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as a polyvinylidene fluoride solvent and electrode auxiliary material for lithium ion batteries.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a colourless or light yellow liquid with an amine odour.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone can undergo a number of chemical reactions even though it is accepted as a stable solvent.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is resistant to hydrolysis under neutral conditions, but strong acid or base treatment results in ring opening to 4-methyl aminobutyric acid.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be reduced to 1-methyl pyrrolidine with borohydride.
Treatment with chlorinating agents results in amide formation,an intermediate which can undergo further substitution, while treatment with amyl nitrate yields the nitrate.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a polar solvent that is used in organic chemistry and polymer chemistry.
Large scale applications include the recovery and purification of acetylenes, olefins, and diolefins, gas purification, and aromatics extraction from feedstocks.N-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a versatile industrial solvent.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is currently approved for use only in veterinary pharmaceuticals.
The determination of the disposition and metabolism of 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the rat will contribute toward understanding the toxicology of this exogenous chemical which man may likely be exposed to in increasing amounts.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a powerful, aprotic solvent with high solvency, and low volatility.
This colorless, high boiling, high flash point and low vapor pressure liquid carries a mild amine-like odor.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has high chemical and thermal stability and is completely miscible with water at all temperatures.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone can serve as a co-solvent with water, alcohols, glycol ethers, ketones, and aromatic/chlorinated hydrocarbons.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is both recyclable by distillation and readily biodegradable.



APPLICATION:

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used to recover certain hydrocarbons generated in the processing of petrochemicals, such as the recovery of 1,3-butadiene and acetylene.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide from sour gas and hydrodesulfurization facilities.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone's good solvency properties is used to dissolve a wide range of polymers.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins, and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper.

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is also used as a solvent in the commercial preparation of polyphenylene sulfide.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the formulation for drugs by both oral and transdermal delivery routes.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is also used heavily in lithium ion battery fabrication, as a solvent for electrode preparation, because 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a unique ability to dissolve polyvinylidene fluoride binder.
Due to 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone's toxicity and high boiling point, there is much effort to replace it in battery manufacturing with other solvent(s), like water.



USAGE:

-Preparation of 2-aryl and 2-alkyl benzothiazoles.
-Ullmann coupling reaction of aryl halides and phenols to form Ullmann ethers in the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione.
-Stille cross-coupling reaction of aryl iodides with organostannanes catalyzed by Pd/C in the presence of copper iodide as cocatalyst.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used to produce fine chemicals from mass-produced chemicals.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone applications in the electronics field have expanded in recent years.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone's high polarity and high solvency power along with our high purity, high-grade production technology enable the high performance needed in this field.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone can dissolve organic and inorganic compounds equally well or better than chlorofluorocarbon solvents.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in various industrial fields as a cleaning or release agent.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is replacing 1,1,1-trichloroethane in metal cleaning applications due to the world-wide environmental pollution problems associated with chlorinated solvents.



APPLICATION AREAS:

-Solvent us used as thinner for paints and varnishes.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a solvent used in a variety of industries and applications such as paint and coating removal, petrochemical processing, engineering plastics coatings, agricultural chemicals, electronic cleaning and industrial/ domestic cleaning.
-Due to its good solvency properties, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used to dissolve a wide range of polymers.
-Used as a stripping agent.



USAGE AREAS:

-Electronics
-Wax, flux removal
-Burr removal
-Electronic parts cleaning
-Semiconductor parts cleaning
-Solvent for lithium battery manufacturing
-Semiconductor photo-resist thinner
-Color filter photo-resist thinner


-Automotive:

-Mold cleaning
-Metal (parts) cleaning


-Chemical:

-Extract agent (acetylene, BTX, butadiene)
-Synthetic resin surface coating solvent
-Reaction solvents (PPS, polyimide, etc.)
-Equipment washing


-Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Chemicals:

-Water-soluble solvent
-Cleaning
-Extraction



CHARACTERISTICS:

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is a 5-member-ring compound containing nitrogen.
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a wide range of uses due to the following excellent characteristics.

-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is highly polar and miscible with most organic solvents.
-Organic and inorganic substances are highly soluble in it.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone mixes with water in all proportions.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a high flash point compared to similar solvents.
-The boiling point is high, the freezing point is low, and handling is easy.
-1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is chemically and thermally stable, and not corrosive.



PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 99.13
-XLogP3: -0.5:
-Computed by XLogP: 3 3.0
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
-Rotatable Bond Count: 0
-Exact Mass: 99.06:
-Monoisotopic Mass: 99.068413911
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.3 Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 7
-Complexity: 90.1
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



TECHNICAL INFORMATION:

-Physical State: Liquid
-Solubility: Soluble in water (fully), chloroform, and methanol.
-Storage: Store at room temperature
-Melting Point: -24° C
-Boiling Point: 81-82° C at 10 mmHg
-Density: 1.03 g/mL at 25° C (lit.)



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Boiling point: 202 °C (1013 hPa)
-Density: 1.03 g/cm3 (25 °C)
-Explosion limit: 1.3 - 9.5 %(V)
-Flash point: 91 °C
-Ignition temperature: 245 °C
-Melting Point: -24.2 °C
-pH value: 8.5 - 10.0 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
-Vapor pressure: 0.32 hPa (20 °C)
-Solubility: 1000 g/l



SPECIFICATION:

-Purity (GC): ≥ 99.5 %
-Identity (IR): conforms
-Color: ≤ 10 Hazen
-Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 1.031 - 1.033
-Refractive index (n 20/D): 1.4680 - 1.4730
-Acidity: ≤ 0.0002 meq/g
-Alkalinity: ≤ 0.003 meq/g
-Water: ≤ 0.10 %



STORAGE:

Keep 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from heat, ignition sources and incompatible substances.
Store at +2°C to +30°C.



SYNONYM:

872-50-4
N-Methylpyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
M-Pyrol
N-Methylpyrrolidinone
1-Methylpyrrolidinone
1-Methylpyrrolidone
Methyl pyrrolidone
n-methyl-pyrrolidone
2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-
1-Methyl-5-pyrrolidinone
1-Methylazacyclopentan-2-one
N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
NMP
N-Methyl-gamma-butyrolactam
N-methyl pyrrolidone
1-methylpyrrolidine-2-one
N-methyl pyrrolidinone
Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrrolidon
Methylpyrrolidinone
2-Pyrrolidinone, methyl-
Methylpyrrolidone [NF]
N-Methylpyrrolid-2-one
2687-44-7
N-Methyl-alpha-pyrrolidone
NSC 4594
Agsolex 1
N-Methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinone
51013-18-4
DTXSID6020856
NSC-4594
MFCD00003193
JR9CE63FPM
1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one
N-Methyl-.alpha.-pyrrolidone
CHEMBL12543
N-Methyl-.gamma.-butyrolactam
CHEBI:7307
N-Methyl-.alpha.-pyrrolidinone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, anhydrous
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, HPLC Grade
N 0131
DTXCID60856
pharmasolve
N-Methylpyrrolidon
26876-92-6
CAS-872-50-4
CCRIS 1633
N-methyl-pyrrolidinone
Methylpyrrolidone, N-
HSDB 5022
Pyrrolidinone, methyl-
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon
1-methyl-2-pyrolidone
EINECS 212-828-1
UNII-JR9CE63FPM
N-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (GC)
Micropure ultra
AI3-23116
N-methylpyrolidone
N-methypyrrolidone
Max-1 peptide
Pyrol M
N-methylpirrolidone
1methylpyrrolidinone
n-methyl pyrrolidon
n-methylbutyrolactam
N-methy pyrrolidone
N-methyl-pyrolidone
N-methyl-pyrrolidon
N-methylpyrolidinone
1-methylpyrolidinone
Microposit 2001
n-methylpyrollidinone
N-Methylpyrrolidione
N-methlypyrrolidinone
N-methyl pirrolidone
N-methyl pyrollidone
N-methyl-pyrollidone
N-methylpyrrolidone-
NMP,SP Grade
1-methyl pyrrolidone
1-methyl-pyrrolidone
methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-methy pyrrolidinone
N-methyl pyrolidinone
N-methyl-pyrolidinone
N-methyl- pyrrolidone
N-methylpyrro-lidinone
N-methylpyrroli-dinone
N-methylpyrrolidin-one
1-methyl-2pyrrolidone
1-methyl2-pyrrolidone
1methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-methyl pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-pyrrolidinone
methylpyrrolidin-2-one
N-methy-2-pyrrolidone
N-methyl 2-pyrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrolidone
3p1d
N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone
N-methyl-2-pyrollidone
1-methyl-2-pirrolidone1-methyl-2-pyroldinone
1-methylpyrrolid-2-one
1methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
n-methylpyrrolidine-2oneN-methyl-2-pyrolidinone
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidino
N-methylpyrolidin-2-one
1-methy-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrolidinone
N-methyl 2-pyrrolidinone
N-methyl-2-pyrollidinone
N-methyl-pyrrolid-2-one
N-methylpyrollidin-2-one
1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-methyl 2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2-pyrollidinone
1-methyl-pyrrolin-2-one
N-Methylpyrrolidone-(2)
NMP, N-Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-2one
N-methylpyrrolidine-2-one
WLN: T5NVTJ
N-methyl -2-pyrrolidinone
1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl -2-pyrrolidinone
1-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone
EC 212-828-1
2-Pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-
1-methyl-pyrrolidine-2-one
1-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-methyl-pyrrolidin -2-one
30207-69-3
1-Methylazacyclopentane-2-one
GTPL9520
METHYL PYRROLIDONE [II]1-Methyl-2- pyrrolidin-2-one
1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE
METHYL PYRROLIDONE
NSC4594METHYLPYRROLIDONE
HY-Y1275
N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE
ZINC3860621
Tox21_202350
Tox21_300097
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 99.5%BDBM50353587
N-Methyl pyrrolidon (Peptide Grade)
N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE [USP-RS
s6282
STL183295
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone ACS reagent
AKOS000120930
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, BioSolv(R)
DB12521
SL 1332
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, Reagent, ACS
1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE [HSDB]
NCGC00247902-01
NCGC00247902-02
NCGC00253935-01
NCGC00259899-01
BP-31156
N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (Low water content)
AM20110252
CS-0017258
FT-0608052
FT-0672137
FT-0698122
FT-0700571
M0418
M3055
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, analytical standard
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, anhydrous, 99.5%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, for HPLC, >=99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, for synthesis, 99%
D78116
M 0418
Q33103
Residual Solvent Class 2 - N-Methylpyrrolidone
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Spectrophotometric Grade
2-PYRROLIDONE,1-METHYL MFC5 H9 N1 O1
A842053
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
2,5-Dichloro-4,6-dimethyl pyridine-3-carbonitrile
J-504921
J-803017
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, biotech. grade, >=99.7%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Electronic/Cleanroom Grade
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, p.a., ACS reagent, 99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, anhydrous, water 40ppm max
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
Z104478382
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, spectrophotometric grade, >=99%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, for metal speciation analysis, >=99.0% (GC)






1-methyl-4-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)piperazine
SYNONYMS dimethylaminoethylmethylpiperazine;1-Piperazineethanamine, N,N,4-trime;n,n,4-trimethyl-1-piperazineethanamin;N,N,4-trimethylpiperazine-1-ethylamine;4,N,N-Trimethyl-1-piperazineethanamine;N,N,4-Trimethylpiperazine-1-ethanamine CAS NO:104-19-8
1-Methylhydantoin-2-imide
cas no : 60-27-5; Chemical Name: 1-Methylhydantoin-2-imide (creatinine); Synonyms: 4H-Imidazol-4-one, 2-imino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-;1-Methylglycocyamidine;1-Methylhydantoin-2-imide;2-Imino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4H-imidazol-4-one;4H-Imidazol-4-one, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-;2-Imino-1-methyl-4-imidazolidinone Chemical Formula: C4H7N3O Synonyms: 4H-Imidazol-4-one, 2-imino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-;1-Methylglycocyamidine;1-Methylhydantoin-2-imide;2-Imino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4H-imidazol-4-one;4H-Imidazol-4-one, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-;2-Imino-1-methyl-4-imidazolidinone; EC Number (EINECS): 200-466-7 Appearance: white powder Melting Point: ca. 255 C (decompose Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Molecular Weight: 113.1180
1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE

DESCRIPTION:
1-Methylimidazole or N-methylimidazole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with the formula CH3C3H3N2.
1-Methylimidazole is a colourless liquid that is used as a specialty solvent, a base, and as a precursor to some ionic liquids.
1-Methylimidazole is a fundamental nitrogen heterocycle and as such mimics for various nucleoside bases as well as histidine and histamine.

CAS Number: 616-47-7
EC Number: 210-484-7
IUPAC name: 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C4H6N2
Molecular Weight: 82.10

1-Methylimidazole is a 1H-imidazole having a methyl substituent at the N-1 position.
1-Methylimidazole is a colorless to yellow liquid, with an amine-like odor.
1-Methylimidazole is miscible with water.

1-Methylimidazole is a versatile intermediate with a variety of applications.
1-Methylimidazole is a versatile intermediate used as a building block for active ingredients as well as in epoxy curing.


BASICITY OF 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
With the N-methyl group, this particular derivative of imidazole cannot tautomerize.
1-methylimidazole is slightly more basic than imidazole, as indicated by the pKa's of the conjugate acids of 7.0 and 7.4.
Methylation also provides a significantly lower melting point, which makes 1-methylimidazole a useful solvent.

SYNTHESIS OF 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
1-Methylimidazole is prepared mainly by two routes industrially.
The main one is acid-catalysed methylation of imidazole by methanol.
The second method involves the Radziszewski reaction from glyoxal, formaldehyde, and a mixture of ammonia and methylamine.

(CHO)2 + CH2O + CH3NH2 + NH3 → H2C2N(NCH3)CH + 3 H2O
The compound can be synthesized on a laboratory scale by methylation of imidazole at the pyridine-like nitrogen and subsequent deprotonation.
Similarly, 1-methylimidazole may be synthesized by first deprotonating imidazole to form a sodium salt followed by methylation.

H2C2N(NH)CH + CH3I → [H2C2(NH)(NCH3)CH]I
[H2C2(NH)(NCH3)CH]I + NaOH → H2C2N(NCH3)CH + H2O + NaI

APPLICATIONS OF 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
1-Methylimidazole may be used as a starting material to synthesize: 1-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-methylimidazolium salts used as ionic liquids1,3-dimethylimidazoyl-2-ylidene borane, a stable and easy to handle N-heterocyclic carbene boraneIt can act both as a catalyst and a solvent in the synthesis of aldononitrile acetates from aldoses.

In the research laboratory, 1-methylimidazole and related derivatives have been used as mimic aspects of diverse imidazole-based biomolecules.

1-Methylimidazole is also the precursor for the synthesis of the methylimidazole monomer of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides.
These polymers can selectively bind specific sequences of double-stranded DNA by intercalating in a sequence dependent manner.

Ionic liquid precursor:
1-Methylimidazole alkylates to form dialkyl imidazolium salts.
Depending on the alkylating agent and the counteranion, various ionic liquids result, e.g. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ("BMIMPF6"):

BASF has used 1-methylimidazole as a means to remove acid during their industrial-scale production of diethoxyphenylphosphine.
In this biphasic acid scavenging using ionic liquids (BASIL) process, 1-methylimidazole reacts with HCl to produce 1-methylimidazolium hydrochloride, which spontaneously separates as a separate liquid phase under the reaction conditions.

2 MeC3N2H3 + C6H5PCl2 + 2 C2H5OH → 2 [MeC3N2H4]Cl + C6H5P(OC2H5)2
Like other imidazoles, 2-methylimidazole undergoes alkylation to give PREPARATION OF 1-BUTYL-3-METHYL IMIDAZOLIUM-BASED ROOM TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS

DONOR PROPERTIES OF 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
1-methylimidazole (NMIz) as a ligand forms octahedral ions M(NMIz)62+with M = Fe, Co, Ni, and a square-planar ion Cu(NMIz)42+.
1-methylimidazole forms adducts with Lewis acids such as molybdenum perfluorobutyrate and [Rh(CO)2Cl]2.
The donor properties of 1-methylimidazole have been analyzed by the ECW model yielding EB= 1.16 and CB= 4.92.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
Chemical formula C4H6N2
Molar mass 82.10 g/mol
Density 1.03 g/cm3
Melting point −6 °C (21 °F; 267 K)
Boiling point 198 °C (388 °F; 471 K)
biological source: synthetic
Quality Level: 200
vapor pressure: 0.4 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Assay: 99%
Form: liquid
autoignition temp.: 977 °F
expl. lim.: 15.7 %
greener alternative product characteristics
refractive index: n20/D 1.495 (lit.)
Boiling point 197 - 199 °C
Density 1.035 g/cm3
Explosion limit 2.7 - 15.7 %(V)
Flash point 92 °C
Ignition temperature 525 °C
Melting Point -2 °C
pH value 9.5 - 11.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 0.5 hPa (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 1.034 - 1.036
Identity (IR) passes test
XLogP3 -0.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 1
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 82.053098200 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 82.053098200 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 17.8Ų
Heavy Atom Count 6
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 44.8
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Physical state liquid
Colour colourless
Odour characteristic
Melting point/freezing point -2 °C
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range 198 °C at 1.013 hPa
Flammability this material is combustible, but will not ignite readily
Lower and upper explosion limit 2,7 vol% (LEL) - 15,7 vol% (UEL)
Flash point 92 °C (DIN 51758)
Auto-ignition temperature 488 °C at 1.019 hPa (ECHA)
pH (value) 9,5 – 10,5 (in aqueous solution: 50 g/l, 20 °C)
Kinematic viscosity 1,83 mm²/s at 20 °C
Solubility(ies)
Water solubility (soluble)
Partition coefficient
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value): -0,19 (25 °C) (ECHA)
Soil organic carbon/water (log KOC) 2,907 (ECHA)
Vapour pressure 0,351 hPa at 20 °C
Density and/or relative density
Density 1,035 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Relative vapour density 2,84 (air = 1)
Water Solubility 2.26 mg/mL
logP -1.5
logP 0.078
logS -1.7
pKa (Strongest Basic) 6.58
Physiological Charge 0
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0
Hydrogen Donor Count 1
Polar Surface Area 19.07 Å2
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Refractivity 23.96 m3•mol-1
Polarizability 9 Å3
Number of Rings 1
Bioavailability 1
Rule of Five Yes
Ghose Filter No
Veber's Rule Yes
MDDR-like Rule No
assay ≥99%
autoignition temp. 977 °F
bp 198 °C (lit.)
density 1.03 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.), 1.034-1.036 g/mL
expl. lim. 15.7 %
form liquid
impurities ﹤0.005% water, ≤19 ppm Triazine
InChI key MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI 1S/C4H6N2/c1-6-3-2-5-4-6/h2-4H,1H3
mp −6 °C (lit.)
purified by redistillation
Quality Level 300
refractive index n20/D 1.495 (lit.)
SMILES string Cn1ccnc1
vapor pressure 0.4 mmHg ( 20 °C)



SYNONYMS OF 1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE:
1-methylimidazole
1-methylimidazolium ethanoate
1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate
N-methylimidazole
1-methylimidazole
1-Methyl-1H-imidazole
616-47-7
N-Methylimidazole
1H-Imidazole, 1-methyl-
IMIDAZOLE, 1-METHYL-
N-methylimidazol
1-methylimidazol
n-methyl imidazole
1-methyl-imidazole
1-methylimdazole
EINECS 210-484-7
UNII-P4617QS63Y
1-methyl-1h-imidazol
DTXSID6052291
CHEBI:113454
P4617QS63Y
NSC-88064
N1-Methylimidazole
Araldite DY 070
MFCD00005292
NSC 88064
cap b
lupragen(r) nmi
3-methylimidazole
N-methyl-imidazol
N-methyl-imidazole
1-methyl imidazole
1-N-methylImidazole
Lopac-M-8878
1-methyl-(1H)-imidazole
CHEMBL543
1-Methyl-1H-imidazole #
EC 210-484-7
WLN: T5N CNJ A1
Lopac0_000831
1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium
3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium
BDBM7884
DTXCID6030863
HMS3262H03
BCP29437
NSC88064
STR00990
Tox21_304006
Tox21_500831
BBL011447
STL146559
AKOS000119840
CCG-204915
CS-W008580
LP00831
PS-9372
SDCCGSBI-0050808.P002
NCGC00015702-01
NCGC00015702-02
NCGC00015702-03
NCGC00015702-04
NCGC00094162-01
NCGC00094162-02
NCGC00261516-01
NCGC00357222-01
1-Methylimidazole, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
CAS-616-47-7
DB-002020
THIAMAZOLE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]
EU-0100831
FT-0632577
FT-0671848
M0508
EN300-21628
1-Methylimidazole, puriss., >=99.0% (GC)
D70869
M 8878
1-Methylimidazole, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
SR-01000076013
Q-200126
Q4545792
SR-01000076013-1
1-Methylimidazole, >=99%, purified by redistillation
F0001-1635
Z104506032
1-Methyl-1H-imidazole;N-Methylimidazole;1H-Imidazole, 1-methyl-
120418-32-8
Cap B (1-methylimidazole 16% in THF), for oligonucleotide synthesis, filtered through a 1mum filter
1-Methylimidazole
105197 [Beilstein]
1H-Imidazole, 1-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]
1-Methyl-1H-imidazol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Methyl-1H-imidazole [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Méthyl-1H-imidazole [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
210-484-7 [EINECS]
616-47-7 [RN]
methylimidazole
MFCD00005292 [MDL number]
N-methylimidazole
110069-11-9 secondary RN [RN]
1123837-84-2 [RN]
1167574-49-3 secondary RN [RN]
1174917-56-6 secondary RN [RN]
1179540-68-1 secondary RN [RN]
120418-32-8 secondary RN [RN]
1235442-19-9 secondary RN [RN]
1246941-20-7 secondary RN [RN]
1259523-87-9 secondary RN [RN]
1357171-90-4 secondary RN [RN]
1359978-71-4 secondary RN [RN]
142504-34-5 secondary RN [RN]
1532594-45-8 secondary RN [RN]
16650-76-3 [RN]
1-methyl imidazole
1-methyl-imidazole
1-methylimidazole-d3
1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE-D3 (RING-D3)
1-Methylimidazole-d6
1MZ
210-484-7MFCD00005292
285978-27-0 [RN]
4166-68-1 [RN]
69723-05-3 secondary RN [RN]
DNA
imidazole, 1-methyl-
imidazole, methyl-
methyl-imidazole
missing
n-methyl imidazole
PS-9372
T5N CNJ A1 [WLN]

1-METHYLIMIDAZOLE

1-Methylimidazole is a heterocyclic organic compound with a five-membered imidazole ring.
1-Methylimidazole has a molecular formula of C4H6N2 and a molecular weight of 82.10 g/mol.
1-Methylimidazole appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid at room temperature.

CAS Number: 616-47-7
EC Number: 210-479-2



APPLICATIONS


1-Methylimidazole (1-MeIm) has a range of applications across various industries.
Some of its key applications include:

Catalyst:
1-Methylimidazole is commonly used as a catalyst in numerous chemical reactions, including the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and specialty chemicals.

Solvent:
1-Methylimidazole is utilized as a solvent in various organic reactions and industrial processes, particularly in the synthesis of polymers, resins, and coatings.

Epoxy Resins:
1-Methylimidazole serves as a curing agent for epoxy resins, promoting cross-linking and enhancing their mechanical and chemical properties.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in coatings, adhesives, and composite materials.

Pharmaceuticals:
1-Methylimidazole acts as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, contributing to the production of drugs for various therapeutic areas.

Corrosion Inhibitor:
1-Methylimidazole is used as a corrosion inhibitor for metals, offering protection against the degradation caused by chemical reactions with the environment.

Coordination Chemistry:
Due to its ability to form complexes with metal ions, 1-Methylimidazole is employed as a ligand in coordination chemistry studies and applications.

Specialty Chemicals:
1-Methylimidazole is utilized in the production of specialty chemicals, such as dyes, pigments, and surfactants, which find applications in various industries including textiles, cosmetics, and personal care products.

Polymer Stabilizer:
1-Methylimidazole is added to certain polymer formulations as a stabilizer, enhancing their resistance to heat, light, and other external factors.

Ionic Liquids:
1-Methylimidazole is used in the synthesis and formulation of ionic liquids, which are low-temperature molten salts with unique properties and applications in areas such as energy storage and electrochemistry.

Research and Development:
1-Methylimidazole is employed as a building block and starting material in chemical research and development, enabling the synthesis of new compounds and materials.

Gas Purification:
1-Methylimidazole is utilized in gas purification processes, such as the removal of acidic gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural gas and biogas streams.

Electrochemistry:
1-Methylimidazole finds application as an electrolyte additive in electrochemical systems, such as batteries and fuel cells, to enhance their performance and stability.

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs):
1-Methylimidazole is employed as a linker molecule in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks, which are porous materials with applications in gas storage, separation, and catalysis.

Textile Chemicals:
1-Methylimidazole is used as a component in textile chemicals, assisting in processes like dyeing, printing, and finishing of fabrics.

Photographic Chemicals:
1-Methylimidazole is utilized in photographic chemicals as a stabilizer and enhancer for color development.


1-Methylimidazole is widely used as a catalyst in numerous chemical reactions, facilitating the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and specialty chemicals.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a solvent in organic reactions and industrial processes, finding application in the synthesis of polymers, resins, and coatings.
1-Methylimidazole acts as a curing agent for epoxy resins, enhancing their mechanical and chemical properties in coatings, adhesives, and composite materials.

1-Methylimidazole is utilized as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, contributing to the production of drugs for various therapeutic areas.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a corrosion inhibitor for metals, protecting against degradation caused by chemical reactions with the environment.

The compound is employed in coordination chemistry as a ligand, forming complexes with metal ions in various applications.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, including dyes, pigments, and surfactants used in textiles, cosmetics, and personal care products.

1-Methylimidazole is added to polymer formulations as a stabilizer, enhancing resistance to heat, light, and other external factors.
1-Methylimidazole is used in gas purification processes to remove acidic gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from natural gas and biogas streams.

1-Methylimidazole serves as an electrolyte additive in electrochemical systems, improving the performance and stability of batteries and fuel cells.
1-Methylimidazole is employed as a linker molecule in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have applications in gas storage, separation, and catalysis.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in textile chemicals, assisting in dyeing, printing, and finishing processes for fabrics.

1-Methylimidazole is used in photographic chemicals as a stabilizer and enhancer for color development.
1-Methylimidazole is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, providing improved bonding properties and adhesion strength.

In the oil and gas industry, 1-Methylimidazole is used as a component of drilling fluids and completion fluids.
1-Methylimidazole serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of certain herbicides, which are chemicals used for controlling unwanted plant growth.

1-Methylimidazole is added as an additive to polymer formulations to enhance mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardancy.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in water treatment processes, including pH adjustment, corrosion control, and scale inhibition.

1-Methylimidazole is used in the formulation of coatings and paints, improving their durability and adhesion to surfaces.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in the production of specialty chemicals used in the electronics industry, such as photoresists and solder masks.
1-Methylimidazole is employed in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, enabling the production of key building blocks for drug development.

1-Methylimidazole serves as a catalyst in the production of biofuels from renewable feedstocks.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in the synthesis of chiral compounds and pharmaceuticals, contributing to the production of enantiopure drugs.

1-Methylimidazole is used in the formulation of cleaning agents and detergents, enhancing their solubility and performance.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a key component in the formulation of ionic liquids, which have applications in various fields, including energy storage, electrochemistry, and materials science.

1-Methylimidazole is utilized as a catalyst in the synthesis of fine chemicals such as flavors and fragrances, enabling efficient and selective reactions.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a key component in the formulation of corrosion-resistant coatings and paints for metal surfaces.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in the production of polyurethane foams and elastomers, enhancing their mechanical properties and stability.

1-Methylimidazole is used as an additive in electrolytes for supercapacitors, improving their energy storage capacity and performance.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in the production of conductive polymers used in electronics, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and flexible electronics.

1-Methylimidazole is employed as a stabilizer in the formulation of hydrogen peroxide, extending its shelf life and improving its storage stability.
1-Methylimidazole is utilized in the synthesis of metal complexes for catalytic reactions, including cross-coupling and C-H activation reactions.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a precursor for the synthesis of pyrrole-based compounds, which have applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science.

1-Methylimidazole finds application in the synthesis of chiral ligands used in asymmetric catalysis for the production of enantiopure compounds.
1-Methylimidazole is employed in the production of specialty polymers with specific properties, such as high thermal stability or biodegradability.

1-Methylimidazole finds application in the synthesis of ionic liquids, which are versatile solvents used in various fields, including chemistry, separation processes, and energy applications.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a catalyst and activator in the production of polybenzimidazole (PBI) fibers, which are used in high-temperature-resistant textiles and composites.

1-Methylimidazole is used in the formulation of adhesives for bonding metal and plastic substrates, providing strong and durable adhesion.
The compound finds application as a reaction medium in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles with controlled size, shape, and surface properties.

1-Methylimidazole is employed in the production of cross-linked polymers and resins with enhanced mechanical strength and chemical resistance.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a curing agent in the manufacture of fiber-reinforced composite materials, such as carbon fiber composites.
1-Methylimidazole finds application in the production of flame retardant additives for polymers, improving their fire resistance properties.

1-Methylimidazole is used in the formulation of biocompatible hydrogels and biomaterials for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a building block for the synthesis of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, which have applications in electrochemistry, catalysis, and materials science.



DESCRIPTION


1-Methylimidazole is a heterocyclic organic compound with a five-membered imidazole ring.
1-Methylimidazole has a molecular formula of C4H6N2 and a molecular weight of 82.10 g/mol.

1-Methylimidazole appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid at room temperature.
1-Methylimidazole has a pungent odor that is characteristic of imidazole compounds.
1-Methylimidazole is soluble in water, as well as in many organic solvents.

1-Methylimidazole is a versatile building block and precursor in organic synthesis.
1-Methylimidazole serves as a key intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

1-Methylimidazole is widely used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions.
1-Methylimidazole is employed as a ligand in coordination chemistry.

1-Methylimidazole finds applications in the synthesis of dyes, coatings, and epoxy resins.
1-Methylimidazole is known for its ability to inhibit the corrosion of metals.

1-Methylimidazole is used as a stabilizer in some polymer formulations.
1-Methylimidazole has been studied for its potential biological activities and medicinal properties.
1-Methylimidazole has a relatively low vapor pressure.

1-Methylimidazole is considered to have low acute toxicity, but proper handling is still necessary.
1-Methylimidazole is flammable and should be stored and handled with caution.

1-Methylimidazole has a melting point of -5.8°C and a boiling point of 196-197°C.
1-Methylimidazole is a basic compound and can act as a weak base in chemical reactions.

1-Methylimidazole can form coordination complexes with various metal ions.
1-Methylimidazole is used as a solvent for certain polymers and organic compounds.
1-Methylimidazole has been investigated for its potential use in energy storage and conversion devices.

1-Methylimidazole has been studied as a potential alternative to toxic solvents in some applications.
The compound has been used in the synthesis of ion-exchange resins.

1-Methylimidazole has applications in the production of specialty chemicals and fine chemicals.
1-Methylimidazole plays a significant role in various industrial processes and research fields.

1-Methylimidazole is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H6N2.
1-Methylimidazole is an organic compound that belongs to the class of imidazole derivatives.
Imidazole compounds are heterocyclic organic compounds that contain a five-membered ring structure consisting of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms.

1-Methylimidazole, also known as N-methylimidazole or 1-MeIm, has a methyl group attached to one of the nitrogen atoms in the imidazole ring.
1-Methylimidazole is a colorless to light yellow liquid at room temperature and is soluble in water and many organic solvents.
1-Methylimidazole has a pungent odor.

1-Methylimidazole is widely used in various industrial applications, including as a catalyst and solvent.
1-Methylimidazole finds application as a precursor and building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals.

1-Methylimidazole is also used in the production of epoxy resins, coatings, dyes, and as a corrosion inhibitor.
Furthermore, 1-Methylimidazole is utilized as an intermediate in the synthesis of ion-exchange resins and as a ligand in coordination chemistry.

1-Methylimidazole is considered to have low acute toxicity, but it should still be handled with care.
Proper safety precautions and handling procedures should be followed when working with this compound, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C4H6N2
Molecular Weight: 82.10 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid or solid
Odor: Characteristic odor
Melting Point: -5 °C (23 °F)
Boiling Point: 196 °C (385 °F)
Density: 1.044 g/cm3 at 20 °C (68 °F)
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, and most organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: 0.13 mmHg at 25 °C (77 °F)
Flash Point: 83 °C (181 °F)
Autoignition Temperature: 405 °C (761 °F)
Refractive Index: 1.526 at 20 °C (68 °F)
Viscosity: 3.8 cP at 25 °C (77 °F)
pH: Basic (alkaline) in aqueous solutions
Heat of Vaporization: 50.1 kJ/mol
Heat of Combustion: -2,506 kJ/mol
Molecular Dipole Moment: 2.27 D



FIRST AID



Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the person to fresh air and ensure they are in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available and seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration and seek immediate medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and immediately wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation or redness develops, seek medical advice and show the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or product label to the medical professional.
Contaminated clothing should be thoroughly cleaned before reuse or disposed of according to local regulations.


Eye Contact:

Immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Remove contact lenses, if applicable, after the initial flush and continue rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, ensuring to bring the SDS or product label for reference.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth with water and do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the medical professional with the SDS or product label for proper evaluation and treatment.
If vomiting occurs spontaneously and the person is conscious, ensure airway protection to prevent aspiration.


General Advice:

In all cases of exposure, it is important to provide the medical professional with information about the substance involved, including the product name, CAS number, and any available safety data.

If giving first aid, always prioritize personal safety and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent exposure.
Do not administer any medication or treatment without medical guidance.
For severe cases or if in doubt, contact a poison control center or emergency services immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
When handling 1-Methylimidazole, always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing.
Ensure good ventilation in the working area to minimize exposure to vapors or mists.

Safe Handling Practices:
Avoid direct contact with the substance and inhalation of vapors or mists.
Handle the chemical in a well-ventilated area or use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.
Prevent spills, splashes, and releases.

Use proper containment measures, such as spill trays or secondary containers.
Avoid generating dust or aerosols during handling or transferring the substance.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling 1-Methylimidazole.
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling the substance.

Fire and Explosion Hazards:
Keep away from ignition sources, heat, sparks, and open flames.
Use non-sparking tools and equipment during handling and transfer.
In the event of a fire, use appropriate extinguishing media, such as foam, carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical, or water spray.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store 1-Methylimidazole in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled to prevent accidental exposure.

Store the substance in approved containers made of compatible materials, such as glass or chemically resistant plastics.
Ensure storage areas are equipped with appropriate spill containment measures and are designed to prevent accidental mixing with incompatible substances.
Follow any specific storage temperature recommendations provided by the manufacturer.

Compatibility:
Keep 1-Methylimidazole away from strong oxidizing agents, acids, and reactive substances.
Store it separately from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, bases, or halogens.


Handling Large Quantities:
When storing large quantities of 1-Methylimidazole, consider the need for additional safety measures, such as explosion-proof electrical equipment and proper ventilation systems.
Follow local regulations and guidelines for storage of hazardous substances.



SYNONYMS


N-Methylimidazole
1-MeIm
1-Methyl-1H-imidazole
1-Methyl-1,3-dihydroimidazole
1-Methylimidazolium
N-Methyl-1H-imidazole
N-Methyl-1,3-dihydroimidazole
N-Methylimidazolium
MI
Methylimidazole
MIM
M-MI
Methyl-1H-imidazole
1-Methyloxazole
4-Methylimidazole
4-MI
1-Methyl-3H-imidazole
1-Methyl-3,4-dihydroimidazole
3-Methylimidazole
3-MI
Imidazole, 1-methyl-
1-Methylazolin
1-Methylimidazol
1-Methylimidazoline
1-Methyl-3H-1,2,4-triazole
Methyl-1-methylimidazole
2-Methylimidazole
2-MI
2-MeIm
Methyl-1H-imidazole
Methylimidazolium
1-Methyl-1,3-imidazolium
1-Methyl-1,3-imidazoline
N-Methyl-1-methylimidazole
N-Methyl-2-methylimidazole
4-Methyl-1-methylimidazole
4-Methyl-2-methylimidazole
1-Methyl-3-methylimidazole
1-Methyl-4-methylimidazole
1-Methyl-5-methylimidazole
N-Methyl-4-methylimidazole
N-Methyl-5-methylimidazole
3-Methyl-1-methylimidazole
3-Methyl-2-methylimidazole
3-Methyl-4-methylimidazole
N-Methyl-3-methylimidazole
1,3-Dimethylimidazolium
Dimethylimidazole
1-Ethyl-1-methylimidazole
N-Ethyl-1-methylimidazole
1-Methyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole
N-Methyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole
1-Methyl-3,4-dihydroimidazole
N-Methyl-3,4-dihydroimidazole
1-Methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazole
N-Methyl-2,3-dihydroimidazole
1-Methyl-5,6-dihydroimidazole
N-Methyl-5,6-dihydroimidazole
4,5-Dihydro-1-methylimidazole
3,4-Dihydro-1-methylimidazole
2,3-Dihydro-1-methylimidazole
5,6-Dihydro-1-methylimidazole
N-Methylimidazolium chloride
N-Methylimidazolium bromide
N-Methylimidazolium nitrate
N-Methylimidazolium sulfate
N-Methylimidazolium acetate
N-Methylimidazolium hydroxide
1-Methylimidazolium chloride
1-Methylimidazolium bromide
1-Methylimidazolium nitrate
1-Methylimidazolium sulfate
1-Methylimidazolium acetate
1-Methylimidazolium hydroxide
N-Methyl-1,2-dimethylimidazole
1-Naphthol
2-Ethylcaproic acid; alpha-Ethylcaproic acid; Ethylhexanoic acid; Butyl(ethyl)acetic acid; 3-Heptanecarboxylic acid; 2-BUTYLBUTANOIC ACID; 2-ETHYLCAPROIC ACID; 2-ETHYLCAPRONIC ACID; (+/-)-2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID; 2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID; 2-ETHYLHEXOIC ACID; 3-HEPTANECARBOXYLIC ACID; A-ETHYLCAPROIC ACID; ALPHA-ETHYLCAPROIC ACID; BUTYLETHYLACETIC ACID; CARBOXYLIC ACID C8; ETHYLBUTYLACETIC ACID; OCTANOIC ACID; RARECHEM AL BE 0136; (RS)-2-Ethylhexansαure; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanoicacid; 2-ethylhexanoic; 2-ethylhexanoicacid(eha); 2-ethyl-hexansyra CAS NO: 149-57-5
1-NAPHTHOL
1-Naphthol is used as a precursor in the manufacturing of various azo dyes and pharmaceuticals, including nadolol and the antidepressant sertraline.
1-Naphthol is employed in analytical chemistry as Molisch's reagent for detecting carbohydrates and in the Sakaguchi test for identifying arginine in proteins.
1-Naphthol undergoes various chemical reactions, including hydrogenation to form cis,cis-1-decalol and azo coupling to produce dyes, demonstrating its versatility in organic synthesis.

CAS Number: 90-15-3
EC Number: 201-969-4
Chemical Formula: C10H8O
Molar Mass: 144.17 g/mol

Synonyms: 1-NAPHTHOL, 90-15-3, naphthalen-1-ol, alpha-naphthol, 1-Naphthalenol, 1-Hydroxynaphthalene, NAPHTHOL, Furro ER, Fouramine ERN, Fourrine ERN, Tertral ERN, Basf Ursol ERN, Ursol ERN, Fourrine 99, Nako TRB, Zoba ERN, Durafur developer D, Naphthalenol, alpha-Hydroxynaphthalene, C.I. Oxidation Base 33, .alpha.-Naphthol, 1321-67-1, 1-Naphthyl alcohol, NSC 9586, C.I. 76605, CCRIS 1172, HSDB 2650, .alpha.-Hydroxynaphthalene, 1-napthol, EINECS 201-969-4, CI 76605, CHEBI:10319, AI3-00106, MFCD00003930, WLN: L66J BQ, CHEMBL122617, SGCUT00118, DTXSID6021793, NSC9586, 2A71EAQ389, NSC-9586, to_000072, C11714, AB-131/40232333, DTXCID401793, CI Oxidation Base 33, hydroxynaphthalene, Naphthol-1, Naphthyl-1-ol, CAS-90-15-3, Naphthol, 1-, alpha-Naphthyl alcohol, napthalenol, alpha-napthol, napthyl alcohol, UNII-2A71EAQ389, 1-Naphtyol, naphthalene-1-ol, Naphthol 1, 1-Naphtol, 8 -naphthol, hydroxy naphthalene, (+)-naphthol, 1NP, nchembio791-comp4, 1-Naphthol, Reagent, 1-Naphthol, Purified, Naphth-1-ol, 9, LS-95401, 1-NAPHTOL-, 1-NAPHTHOL [MI], SCHEMBL3416, 1-NAPHTHOL [HSDB], alpha-Naphthol, 1-Naphthol, DULOXETINE IMPURITY D, 33420_RIEDEL, 35825_RIEDEL, N1000_SIAL, N2780_SIAL, 1-Naphthol, Pure PA, 99%, 1-Naphthol, LR, >=99%, 70438_FLUKA, 70442_FLUKA, BDBM23450, 1-Naphthol, BioXtra, >=99%, 4b33, 1-Naphthol, p.a., 99.0%, HY-Y1309, Tox21_202120, Tox21_302768, 1-Naphthol, >=98.0% (GC), BBL011611, STL163337, ZINC00967929, AKOS000118822, CS-W020125, GS-6917, 1-Naphthol, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%, Duloxetine EP Impurity D (1-Naphthol), NCGC00249169-01, NCGC00256563-01, NCGC00259669-01, 1ST000684, DB-259778, ST5214429, 1-Naphthol, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%, 1-Naphthol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, DULOXETINE IMPURITY D [USP IMPURITY], N0026, N0864, NS00005331, EN300-19501, 1-Naphthol, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, A843458, Q408876, J-610055, 1-Naphthol, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), 1-Naphthol, puriss., for fluorescence, >=99.0% (GC), DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY D [EP IMPURITY], F1908-0108, Z104474036, 1-Naphthol, puriss. p.a., Reag. Ph. Eur., >=99% (GC), InChI=1/C10H8O/c11-10-7-3-5-8-4-1-2-6-9(8)10/h1-7,11, 50356-21-3

1-Naphthol is a organic compound with the formula C10H7OH.
1-Naphthol is a fluorescent white solid.

1-Naphthol differs from its isomer 2-naphthol by the location of the hydroxyl group on the naphthalene ring.
The naphthols are naphthalene homologues of phenol.

Both isomers are soluble in simple organic solvents.
They are precursors to a variety of useful compounds.

1-Naphthol is a hydroxyl-aromatic compound.
1-Naphthol's thermodynamic properties such as heat capacity, sublimation pressure, vapor pressure, enthalpies of combustion, formation and fusion have been estimated.
The decomposition of 1-naphthol in aqueous solutions on exposure to gamma radiation has been studied.

The ability of biochar of orange peels in adsorbing 1-naphthol from water has been investigated.
The activation energy and the reaction rate constant of the enzymatic polymerization of 1-naphthol using laccase have been reported.

1-Naphthol undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of a rhodium catalyst to form cis,cis 1-decalol.
1-Naphthol is a certified reference material (CRM) certified to International Standards BS EN ISO / IEC 17025 and ISO 17034 under UKAS accreditation.

1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-naphthol) is a naphthalene homologue of phenol.
1-Naphthol's most common use is as a precursor to various pesticides and pharmaceuticals.

1-Naphthol is used as a precursor in the manufacturing of various azo dyes and pharmaceuticals such as nadolol.
1-Naphthol is used as biomarkers.

1-Naphthol is used in analytical chemistry as Molisch’s reagent (1-naphthol dissolved in ethanol) for checking the presence of carbohydrates.
1-Naphthol plays an essential role with sodium hypobromite to detect the presence of arginine in proteins, which is called as Sakaguchi test.

1-Naphthol is a hydroxyl-aromatic compound.
1-Naphthol's thermodynamic properties such as heat capacity, sublimation pressure, vapor pressure, enthalpies of combustion, formation and fusion have been estimated.

The decomposition of 1-naphthol in aqueous solutions on exposure to gamma radiation has been studied.
The ability of biochar of orange peels in adsorbing 1-naphthol from water has been investigated.

The activation energy and the reaction rate constant of the enzymatic polymerization of 1-naphthol using laccase have been reported.
1-Naphthol undergoes hydrogenation in the presence of a rhodium catalyst to form cis,cis 1-decalol.

1-Naphthol, also referred to as 1-hydroxy-naphthalene, is an organic compound obtained from the aromatic hydrocarbon naphthalene.
1-Naphthol exists as a white crystalline solid with a subtle odor and displays high solubility in organic solvents.

Scientific research extensively employs 1-naphthol across multiple applications.
1-Naphthol serves as a reagent in the synthesis of organic compounds, encompassing polymers, and dyes.

Additionally, 1-Naphthol acts as a catalyst in the polymerization process of vinyl monomers.
Notably, 1-naphthol plays a vital role as a reactant in the synthesis of 1-naphthylacetic acid and its derivatives.

1-Naphthol is a hydroxyl-aromatic compound.
1-naphthol is a naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position.

1-Naphthol's thermodynamic properties such as heat capacity, sublimation pressure, vapor pressure, enthalpies of combustion, formation and fusion have been estimated.
The decomposition of 1-naphthol in aqueous solutions on exposure to gamma radiation has been studied.

1-Naphthol is a organic compound with the formula C10H7OH.
1-Naphthol is a fluorescent white solid.

1-Naphthol differs from its isomer 2-naphthol by the location of the hydroxyl group on the naphthalene ring.
The naphthols are naphthalene homologues of phenol.

Both isomers are soluble in simple organic solvents.
They are precursors to a variety of useful compounds.

Derivative of 1-Naphthol; used in the synthesis of various chemicals and as a precursor in the production of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals.
1-Naphthol is particularly important in the manufacture of azo dyes, where it serves as a coupling agent in the diazo coupling reaction to produce colored compounds.

Uses of 1-Naphthol:
1-Naphthol is used to make dyes, intermediates, synthetic perfumes, agrochemicals, drugs, and rubber antioxidants.
1-Naphthol is used in organic synthesis.
1-Naphthol is used in photography; in the hide tanning process; in pyrotechnics for black smoke.

1-Naphthol is used as the sulfate monohydrate salt in oxidation hair dyes to a maximum concentration of 2.0%.
The in-use concentration upon application is 1.0%.

Industry Uses:
Intermediate

Therapeutic Uses:
1-Naphthol was selectively toxic to human colorectal tumors compared to corresponding normal colonic tissue removed at surgery and maintained in short-term organ culture.
Nineteen of 24 tumors studied have shown a significant differential response.

Three human colonic adenocarcinoma xenografts, in the short-term organ culture system, displayed the same response to 1-naphthol as primary tumors removed at surgery.
1-Naphthol, 1,2- and 1,4-naphthoquinone were also toxic to two human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines, LoVo and COLO 206.

The selective toxicity of 1-naphthol is mediated in part through an accumulation of 1-naphthol in the tumor tissue due to impaired conjugation by the tumor.
The higher concentrations of 1-naphthol may then exert their toxicity either directly or by formation of naphthoquinones.

Some indirect evidence was obtained for the possible involvement of 1,2- or 1,4-naphthoquinone in the cytotoxicity of 1-naphthol.
Our studies suggest that further studies are warranted of the possible use of 1-naphthol or related compounds as antitumor agents.

Other uses:
1-Naphthol is used in each of the following chemical tests, which predate the use of spectroscopic and chromatographic methods:
Molisch's test gives a red- or purple-colored compound to indicate the presence of carbohydrate.
Rapid furfural test turns purple quickly (<30s) if fructose is present, distinguishing 1-Naphthol from glucose.

Sakaguchi test turns red to indicate the presence of arginine in proteins.
Voges–Proskauer test changes color from yellow to red to indicate that glucose is being broken down into acetoin which is used by bacteria for external energy storage.

Applications of 1-Naphthol:
1-Naphthol has been used as a prooxidant to analyze its ability to induce hemolysis in a zebrafish G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) deficiency model.

1-Naphthol is used as a precursor in the manufacturing of various azo dyes and pharmaceuticals such as nadolol.
1-Naphthol is used as biomarkers.

1-Naphthol is used in analytical chemistry as Molisch’s reagent (1-naphthol dissolved in ethanol) for checking the presence of carbohydrates.
1-Naphthol plays an essential role with sodium hypobromite to detect the presence of arginine in proteins, which is called as Sakaguchi test.

1-Naphthol has been used as a prooxidant to analyze its ability to induce hemolysis in a zebrafish G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) deficiency model.

Applications and occurrence:
1-Naphthol is a precursor to a variety of insecticides including carbaryl and pharmaceuticals including nadolol as well as for the antidepressant sertraline and the anti-protozoan therapeutic atovaquone.
1-Naphthol undergoes azo coupling to give various azo dyes, but these are generally less useful than those derived from 2-naphthol.

1-Naphthol is a metabolite of the insecticide carbaryl and naphthalene.
Along with TCPy, 1-Naphthol has been shown to decrease testosterone levels in adult men.

Action Mechanism of 1-Naphthol:
The mechanism(s) of toxicity of 1-naphthol and two of 1-Naphthol's possible metabolites, 1,2- and 1,4-naphthoquinone, to freshly isolated rat hepatocytes has been studied.
1-Naphthol and both naphthoquinones exhibited a dose-dependent toxicity to hepatocytes.

1-Naphthol was metabolised by hepatocytes predominantly to its glucuronic acid and sulphate ester conjugates, but small amounts of covalently bound products were also formed. Blebbing on the surface of the hepatocytes was observed following exposure to 1-naphthol and the naphthoquinones, together with a dose-dependent decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH), which preceded the onset of cytotoxicity.

The toxicity of 1-naphthol and the naphthoquinones was potentiated by dicoumarol, an inhibitor of DT-diaphorase (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase).
This enhanced toxicity was accompanied by a greater amount of surface blebbing, an increased depletion of intracellular GSH, particularly in the case of 1-naphthol and 1,4-naphthoquinone, and a decreased metabolism of 1-naphthol to its conjugates with variable effects on the amount of covalently bound products formed.

These results support the suggestion that the toxicity of 1-naphthol may be mediated by the formation of 1,2-naphthoquinone and/or 1,4-naphthoquinone, which may then be metabolised by one electron reduction to naphthosemiquinone radicals.
These, in turn, may covalently bind to important cellular macromolecules or enter a redox cycle with molecular oxygen thereby generating active oxygen species.
Both of these processes appear to play a role in producing the cytotoxic effects of 1-naphthol.

Production of 1-Naphthol:
1-Naphthol is prepared by two main routes.

In one method, naphthalene is nitrated to give 1-nitronaphthalene, which is hydrogenated to the amine followed by hydrolysis:
C10H8 + HNO3 → C10H7NO2 + H2O
C10H7NO2 + 3H2 → C10H7NH2 + 2H2O
C10H7NH2 + H2O → C10H7OH + NH3

Alternatively, naphthalene is hydrogenated to tetralin, which is oxidized to 1-tetralone, which undergoes dehydrogenation.

General Manufacturing Information of 1-Naphthol:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Reactions of 1-Naphthol:
Some reactions of 1-naphthol are explicable with reference to its tautomerism, which produces a small amount of the keto tautomer.
One consequence of this tautomerism is the Bucherer reaction, the ammonolysis of 1-naphthol to give 1-aminonaphthalene.

1-Naphthol biodegrades via formation of 1-naphthol-3,4-oxide, which converts to 1,4-naphthoquinone.

The 4-position of 1-naphthol is susceptible to electrophilic attack.
This regioselective reaction is exploited in the preparation of diazo dyes, which are form using diazonium salts.
Reduction of the diazo derivatives gives 4-amino-1-naphthol.

Partial reduction of 1-naphthol gives the tetrahydro derivative, leaving intact the phenol ring.
Full hydrogenation is catalyzed by rhodium.

Handling and Storage of 1-Naphthol:

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat.
Avoid direct contact with skin and eyes.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area or fume hood to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors.

Avoidance of Inhalation and Ingestion:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling.
Ensure that handling occurs in a designated area away from food and drink.

Storage:

Containers:
Store in tightly closed containers.

Conditions:
Keep in a cool, dry place, away from heat and direct sunlight.

Compatibility:
Avoid contact with strong oxidizers and acids.

Stability and Reactivity of 1-Naphthol:

Stability:

1-Naphthol is generally stable under recommended storage conditions.
Reactivity:

Chemical Incompatibilities:
Reacts with strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.

Decomposition Products:
Decomposition may produce irritating or toxic fumes, such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

First Aid Measures of 1-Naphthol:

Inhalation:
Move the person to fresh air immediately.
If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:
Wash affected area with plenty of water and soap.
Remove contaminated clothing.
If irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open.
Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting.
Rinse mouth with water.

If the person is conscious and alert, give small sips of water.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Firefighting Measures of 1-Naphthol:

Firefighting:

Extinguishing Media:
Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide (CO2).
Water spray can be used to cool containers.

Firefighting Procedures:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing.
Avoid inhaling fumes.

Fire and Explosion Hazards:
May produce toxic fumes during combustion.
Keep containers cool to prevent pressure build-up and explosions.

Accidental Release Measures of 1-Naphthol:

Personal Precautions:

Wear appropriate PPE including gloves and a respirator if needed.
Avoid generating dust.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent the chemical from entering sewers or water sources.

Cleanup Methods:
Use suitable absorbent materials to contain and clean up spills.
Dispose of the waste according to local regulations.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection of 1-Naphthol:

Exposure Limits:
Check local regulations for specific exposure limits.
Generally, minimize exposure by following standard industrial hygiene practices.

Engineering Controls:
Use local exhaust ventilation or fume hoods.

Personal Protective Equipment:

Respiratory Protection:
Use a dust mask or respirator if necessary.

Hand Protection:
Wear gloves that are resistant to the chemical.

Eye Protection:
Use safety goggles or face shields.

Skin Protection:
Wear protective clothing as needed.

Identifiers of 1-Naphthol:
CAS Number: 90-15-3
Beilstein Reference: 1817321
ChEBI: CHEBI:10319
ChEMBL: ChEMBL122617
ChemSpider: 6739
ECHA InfoCard: 100.001.791
EC Number: 201-969-4
Gmelin Reference: 69192
KEGG: C11714
PubChem CID: 7005
UNII: 2A71EAQ389
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID6021793
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H8O/c11-10-7-3-5-8-4-1-2-6-9(8)10/h1-7,11H
Key: KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C10H8O/c11-10-7-3-5-8-4-1-2-6-9(8)10/h1-7,11H
Key: KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYAZ
SMILES: Oc2cccc1ccccc12

Linear Formula: C10H7OH
CAS Number: 90-15-3
Molecular Weight: 144.17

CAS number: 90-15-3
EC index number: 604-029-00-5
EC number: 201-969-4
Hill Formula: C₁₀H₈O
Chemical formula: C₁₀H₇OH
Molar Mass: 144.17 g/mol
HS Code: 2907 15 10

Properties of 1-Naphthol:
Chemical formula: C10H8O
Molar mass: 144.17 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless or white solid
Density: 1.10 g/cm3
Melting point: 95 to 96 °C (203 to 205 °F; 368 to 369 K)
Boiling point: 278 to 280 °C (532 to 536 °F; 551 to 553 K)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -98.2·10−6 cm3/mol

Molecular Weight: 144.17 g/mol
XLogP3: 2.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 144.057514874 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 144.057514874 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 11
Complexity: 133
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Boiling point: 288 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.28 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 125 °C
Ignition temperature: 510 °C
Melting Point: 95 - 96 °C
Vapor pressure: 2.3 hPa (100 °C)
Bulk density: 450 kg/m3
Solubility: 0.1 g/l

vapor density: 4.5 (120 °C, vs air)
Quality Level: 200
vapor pressure: 1 mmHg ( 94 °C)
product line: ReagentPlus®
Assay: ≥99%
autoignition temp.: 1007 °F
expl. lim.: 5 %
color: white to off-white
bp: 278-280 °C (lit.)
mp: 94-96 °C (lit.)
fluorescence: λex 300 nm; λem 472 nm (Borax buffer)
SMILES string: Oc1cccc2ccccc12
InChI: 1S/C10H8O/c11-10-7-3-5-8-4-1-2-6-9(8)10/h1-7,11H
InChI key: KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Specifications of 1-Naphthol:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Melting range (lower value): ≥ 94 °C
Melting range (upper value): ≤ 96 °C
Identity (IR): passes test

Names of 1-Naphthol:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Naphthalen-1-ol

Other names:
1-Hydroxynaphthalene
1-Naphthalenol
α-Naphthol
1-Naphthol-3,6-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt
1,3-Butylene glycol; 1,3-Butanediol; Butane-1,3-diol; 1,3-Dihydroxybutane CAS NO: 107-88-0
1-NONANOL
1-Nonanol/ˈnoʊnənɒl/ is a straight chain fatty alcohol with nine carbon atoms and the molecular formula CH3(CH2)8OH. It is a colorless oily liquid with a citrus odor similar to citronella oil.Nonanol occurs naturally in orange oil. The primary use of nonanol is in the manufacture of artificial lemon oil. Various esters of nonanol, such as nonyl acetate, are used in perfumery and flavors.1-Nonanol shares similar toxicological properties to those of other primary alcohols. It is poorly absorbed through the skin and is severely irritating to the eyes. Vapors can be damaging to the lungs, causing pulmonary edema in severe cases. Oral exposure results in symptoms similar to those of ethanol intoxication, and like ethanol consumption, can cause liver damage.Nonanol appears as colorless liquid with a rose or fruity odor. Floats on water. Freezing point 23°F. Nonan-1-ol is a fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of nine carbon atoms. It has been isolated as a component of volatile oils from plants like Hordeum vulgare. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a volatile oil component. It derives from a hydride of a nonane.Colorless to yellowish liquid.Floral odor.Miscible with alcohol, ether.Soluble in ethanol, ether; very soluble in carbon tetrachloride.In water, 140 mg/L at 25 °C.When heated to decomposition it emits acid smoke and irritating fumes.Skin absorption is low; the dermal flux of 1-nonanol in human skin (epidermis) in vitro is 0.003 mg/sq cm/hr.Nonanol, like other primary alcohols, undergoes two general reactions in vivo. The first is oxidation to the carboxylic acid derivative and next the direct conjugation with glucuronic acid. It was reported that nonanol undergoes direct glucuronic conjugation to the extent of 4.1%. This oxidation proceeds with very little inhibition as opposed to that shown by methyl amyl alcohol and 2-ethyl butyl alcohol which form ester glucuronides.Intermediate-chain alcohols (pentanol to octanol) caused channel currents to fluctuate between the fully open and closed state level so that openings occurred in bursts interrupted by brief gaps ... The number of gaps within a burst was dependent on alcohol concentration whereas gap duration was independent of concentration but increased with increasing chain length of the alcohol up to octanol. Nonanol and decanol reduced the mean duration of bursts of openings but did not cause an increase in the number of short closed intervals within a burst. Beyond decanol there was a decline in the ability of the n-alcohols to affect channel function. A saturated solution of undecanol (0.07 mM) reduced the mean open time by 33 + or - 17%, whereas a saturated solution of dodecanol had no significant effect. The current integral per burst was reduced by all the n-alcohols between pentanol and undecanol. The IC50s were as follows: hexanol, 0.53 + or - 0.14 mM; heptanol, 0.097 + or - 0.02 mM; octanol, 0.04 mM and nonanol, 0.16 + or - 0.035 mM ... Blocking rate constants (k+B) for pentanol through to nonanol were calculated to be between 2.8 and 5.7 X 10(6) /M/sec ... Equilibrium dissociation constants (KD), calculated from the blocking and unblocking rate constants (KD = k-B/k+B), decreased with increasing chain length from 8 mM for pentanol to 0.15 mM for octanol. The standard free energy per methylene group for adsorption to the site of action was calculated to be about -3.3 kJ/mol.By sodium or high-pressure catalytic reduction of esters of pelargonic acid; hydroformylation of C8 linear alpha-olefins or internal olefins (occurs in a mixt); natural constituent of rose, grapefruit & orange oils.Oxo synthesis from dimeric 1-butene and 2-butene (mixture known as raffinate II) or from dimeric isobutene.Commercial products from the family of 6 to 11 carbon alcohols that make up the plasticizer range are available both as ... pure single carbon chain materials and as complex isomeric mixtures. Commercial descriptions of plasticizer range alcohols are ... in general a ... pure material is called "-anol" /eg, 1-nonanol/, and the mixtures are called "-yl alcohol /eg, nonyl alcohol/ or "iso...yl alcohol" /eg, isononyl alcohol/.Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot. For UN3508, be aware of possible short circuiting as this product is transported in a charged state.Based on the eye irritation scores that were reported, 1-nonanol would be considered an eye irritant using the EU criteria.Flush eyes and skin with water for at least 15 min.Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective Fire Extinguishing Agents: Alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.Nonyl alcohol degraded fast in aerobic biodegradation screening tests(1-3). In one 5-day BOD test using acclimated mixed cultures, 47.9% of theoretical BOD was consumed(1). In the other test which used an activated sludge inoculum, nonyl alcohol's half-life was 1.2 days(SRC), calculated from a biodegradation rate of 2.36X10-2/hr(3). In a third test, 62% of its theoretical BOD in a grab sample of freshwater incubated at 18-19 °C was expended in 4 days(2). The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent dust cloud. Avoid inhalation of asbestos dust. SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area. SMALL SPILL: Pick up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.NONANOL is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.Nonyl alcohol is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part.Maximum permeation of MT was observed when fatty alcohol carbon chain length was 10. As the level of unsaturation increased from one to two double bonds, there was an increase in the permeation of MT both in porcine and human skin. However, a decrease in the permeation was observed with three double bonds. Regression analysis using the steady state flux data showed a significant positive correlation between porcine and human skin for saturated fatty alcohols (r(2)=0.8868, P=0.0005).Basic Treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal.Advanced Treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques, with a bag-valve-mask device, may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (decreased LOC, tachycardia, pallor, dilated pupils, diaphoresis, and/or dextrose strip or glucometer readings below 50 mg) and administer 50% dextrose if necessary ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Higher alcohols (>3 carbons) and related compounds/In flow through acute toxicity testing using Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow) exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.56, 1.0, 2.3, 4.7, and 8.2 mg/L 1-nonanol for 96 hr,/ affected fish first became sluggish in movement and stopped schooling. Some fish swam at water surface and equilibrium was lost prior to death.1-Nonanol's production and use in perfumery and as a flavoring ingredient may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 1-nonanol is also a plant volatile and has been identified in several foods. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2.27X10-2 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1-nonanol will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-nonanol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 28 hours. If released to soil, 1-nonanol is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 290. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.08X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. 1-Nonanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. 1-Nonanol has been shown to biodegrade in mixed culture and sludge screening tests. If released into water, 1-nonanol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Biodegradation of 1-nonanol has been shown to occur in freshwater grab samples. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.6 days and 15 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 160 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to 1-nonanol may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-nonanol is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 1-nonanol via ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other consumer products in which 1-nonanol is used as a fragrance. 1-Nonanol is a plant volatile(1) occurring, for example in oil of orange(2), kiwi fruit flowers(3), nectarines(4) and earth almonds.Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 290(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 140 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-nonanol is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-nonanol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.08X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.27X10-2 mm Hg(4) and water solubility(2). 1-Nonanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). 1-Nonanol has been demonstrated to be readily biodegradable in aerobic screening tests(5-7) and therefore may readily biodegrade in soil.Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 290(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 140 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-nonanol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.08X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.27X10-2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.6 days and 15 days, respectively(SRC). 1-Nonanol has been demonstrated to be readily biodegradable in aerobic screening tests(5-7) and therefore may biodegrade in natural water(SRC). According to a classification scheme(8), an estimated BCF of 160(SRC), from a log Kow of 3.77(9) and a regression-derived equation(10), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).1-Nonanol degraded fast in aerobic biodegradation screening tests(1-3). In one 5-day BOD test using acclimated mixed cultures, 47.9% of theoretical BOD was consumed(1). In the other test which used an activated sludge inoculum, 1-nonanol's half-life was 1.2 days(SRC), calculated from a biodegradation rate of 2.36X10-2/hr(2). In a third test, 62% of its theoretical BOD in a grab sample of freshwater incubated at 18-19 °C was expended in 4 days(3).The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1-nonanol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 28 hr at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 1-Nonanol is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2).An estimated BCF of 160 was calculated for 1-nonanol(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.77(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).The Henry's Law constant for 1-nonanol estimated as 3.08X10-5 atm-cu m/mol(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.27X10-2 mm Hg at 25 °C(1), and water solubility, 140 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1-nonanol is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 1.6 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 15 days(SRC). 1-Nonanol's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 1-Nonanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).1-Nonanol has been identified in a variety of foods including nectarines(1), oil of orange(7), cassava(2), duck(3), peanut oil(4), earth almonds (Cyperus esculentus L.)(5), and a French mountain cheese(6). Unspecified nonyl alcohol isomers have been identified in pork and beef(7,8).1-Nonanol has been identified in kiwi fruit flowers(1), nectarines(2) and earth almonds. Cleaning_washing Related to all forms of cleaning/washing, including cleaning products used in the home, laundry detergents, soaps, de-greasers, spot removers, etc; mod Cleaning_washing, flooring Flooring materials (carpets, wood, vinyl flooring), or related to flooring such as wax or polish for floors Consumer_use Term applied when the only information the source indicates is 'consumer' or 'consumer product' ; also applied to terms that the source indicates are f Food_additive Includes spices, extracts, colorings, flavors, etc added to food for human consumption Food_additive, flavor General flavoring agents used in foods, including condiments and seasonings Food_contact Includes food packaging, paper plates, cutlery, small appliances such as roasters, etc.; does not include facilities that manufacture food Fragrance Fragrances or odor agents, can be used in home products (cleaners, laundry products, air fresheners) or similar industrial products; usage indicated when known; more specific modifiers included when known Fragrance, consumer_use Term applied when the only information the source indicates is 'consumer' or 'consumer product' ; also applied to terms that the source indicates are f Industrial, cleaning_washing Related to all forms of cleaning/washing, including cleaning products used in the home, laundry detergents, soaps, de-greasers, spot removers, etc; mod Industrial_manufacturing Inert Pesticide, inert_ingredient Inert ingredients in a pesticide Solvent Paint removers, graffiti removers, or general solvents Toys Toys (e.g. dress-up clothes, dolls, playground equipment, bath toys, etc); pet toys; includes additional modifiers when appropriate Toys, detected Chemicals detected in substances or products (note that these chemicals may be absent from an 'ingredient list' for the product and thus unexpected, but have been detected in product testing studies) Industry Uses: Plasticizers Surface active agents Consumer Uses: Building/construction materials not covered elsewhere Laundry and dishwashing products Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere 1-Nonanol Synonym: Alcohol C9, Nonyl alcohol CAS Number 143-08-8 Linear Formula CH3(CH2)8OH Molecular Weight 144.25 Beilstein/REAXYS Number 969213 EC Number 205-583-7 MDL number MFCD00002990 1-Nonanol inhibited the bacterial luciferase (BL) reaction in a dose-dependent manner.1-Nonanol can be used: • As a reference material in the determination of airborne fungal spore levels using GC-MS method. • To prepare polysulfone capsules as ideal adsorbents used in the removal of phenol from an aqueous solution. • As a solvent in the study of swelling properties of hummers graphene oxide membranes. vapor density 5 (vs air) vapor pressure 13 mmHg ( 104 °C) assay 98% refractive index n20/D 1.433 (lit.) bp 215 °C (lit.) mp −8-−6 °C (lit.) density 0.827 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) storage temp. room temp SMILES string CCCCCCCCCO InChI 1S/C9H20O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h10H,2-9H2,1H3 InChI key ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Nonanol Formula: C9H20O Molecular weight: 144.2545 IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H20O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h10H,2-9H2,1H3 Download the identifier in a file. INChI Trust 2011 Certified Logo IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CAS Registry Number: 143-08-8 Chemical structure: C9H20O This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. Species with the same structure: Nonanol Other names: Nonyl alcohol; n-Nonyl alcohol; Octyl carbinol; Pelargonic alcohol; Alcohol C-9; Nonan-1-ol; Nonanol-(1); n-Nonan-1-ol; n-Nonanol; 1-Hydroxynonane; Nonanol; NSC 5521 Information on this page: Notes Other data available: Gas phase thermochemistry data Condensed phase thermochemistry data Phase change data Reaction thermochemistry data Henry's Law data Gas phase ion energetics data IR Spectrum Mass spectrum (electron ionization) Gas Chromatography Options: Switch to calorie-based units 1-Nonanol is found in citrus. 1-Nonanol is widespread in nature. 1-Nonanol occurs in oils of orange, citronella and lemon. Also found in cheese, prickly pears and bread. 1-Nonanol is a flavouring agent.1-Nonanol is a straight chain fatty alcohol with nine carbon atoms and the molecular formula CH3(CH2)8OH. It is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a citrus odor similar to citronella oil.1-Nonanol, also known as N-nonyl alcohol or 1-hydroxynonane, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty alcohols. These are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of a least six carbon atoms. Thus, 1-nonanol is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule. 1-Nonanol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Molecular Weight 144.25 g/mol XLogP3 4.3 Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 1 Rotatable Bond Count 7 Exact Mass 144.151415 g/mol Monoisotopic Mass 144.151415 g/mol Topological Polar Surface Area 20.2 Ų Heavy Atom Count 10 Formal Charge 0 Complexity 52.7 Isotope Atom Count 0 Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
1-OCTANOL
1-Octanol (Octanol), a saturated fatty alcohol, is a T-type calcium channels (T-channels) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4 μM for native T-currents. 1-Octanol is a highly attractive biofuel with diesel-like properties.Octanol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a penetrating aromatic odor. Insoluble in water and floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Vapors may irritate the eyes, nose, and respiratory system.Octan-1-ol is an octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an octanol and a primary alcohol.Octanol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a penetrating aromatic odor. Insoluble in water and floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Vapors may irritate the eyes, nose, and respiratory system.Colorless liquid.Fresh orange rose odor.OILY, SWEET, SLIGHTLY HERBACEOUS TASTE.EXPL THER 1-Octanol (an 8-C alcohol currently used as a food-flavoring agent) is known to inhibit tremor in essential tremor (ET) animal models at a much lower dose than ethyl alcohol. The /study/ conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial of a single oral dose of 1 mg/kg of 1-octanol in 12 patients with ET. No significant side effects or signs of intoxication were observed. 1-Octanol significantly decreased tremor amplitude for up to 90 minutes. The results suggest 1-octanol as a well-tolerated and safe potential treatment for ET.The primary aliphatic alcohols undergo two general reactions in vivo, namely oxidation to carboxylic acids and direct conjugation with glucuronic acid. The first reaction proceeds with the intermediate formation of an aldehyde, and the carboxylic acid from the aldehyde may be either oxidized completely to carbon dioxide or excreted as such or combined with glucuronic acid as an ester glucuronide. The extent to which an alcohol undergoes the second reaction, i.e. direct conjugation to an ether glucuronide, appears to depend upon the speed of the first reaction. Alcohols which are rapidly oxidized form very little ether glucuronide unless given in high doses.The effect of various alkanols on the central nervous system was studied by using rat brain synaptosomal membranes as an in vitro model. The activity of (Ca2+/Mg2+)ATPase and the membrane fluidity were determined. The n-alkanols exhibited an increased molar inhibition of the ATPase activity with an increase in the carbon chain length up to 1-octanol. 1-octanol and 1-decanol caused a biphasic effect on the ATPase activity depending on the alkanol concentration, whereas 1-dodecanol caused a stimulation of the ATPase activity. All alkanols studied caused an increased fluidity of the membrane ... /These/ results indicate that the effect of alkanols on the ATPase activity depends on changes in the border layer between the membrane and the surrounding medium and on a binding of the alkanols to the enzyme molecule ... The two-way effect of 1-octanol and 1-decanol and the stimulatory effect of 1-dodecanol indicate that more mechanisms are involved ... Changes in the membrane fluidity do not seem to be a prerequisite of the ATPase inhibition.Studies indicate that T-type calcium channels (T-channels) in the thalamus are cellular targets for general anesthetics. Here, we recorded T-currents and underlying low-threshold calcium spikes from neurons of nucleus reticularis thalami (nRT) in brain slices from young rats and investigated the mechanisms of their modulation by an anesthetic alcohol, 1-octanol. We found that 1-octanol inhibited native T-currents at subanesthetic concentrations with an IC(50) of approximately 4 muM. In contrast, 1-octanol was up to 30-fold less potent in inhibiting recombinant Ca(V)3.3 T-channels heterologously expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. Inhibition of both native and recombinant T-currents was accompanied by a hyperpolarizing shift in steady-state inactivation, indicating that 1-octanol stabilized inactive states of the channel. To explore the mechanisms underlying higher 1-octanol potency in inhibiting native nRT T-currents, we tested the effect of the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and PKC inhibitors. We found that PMA caused a modest increase of T-current, whereas the inactive PMA analog 4alpha-PMA failed to affect T-current in nRT neurons. In contrast, 12-(2-cyanoethyl)-6,7,12,13-tetrahydro-13-methyl-5-oxo-5H-indolo(2,3-a)pyrrolo(3,4-c)-carbazole (Go 6976), an inhibitor of calcium-dependent PKC, decreased baseline T-current amplitude in nRT cells and abolished the effects of subsequently applied 1-octanol. The effects of 1-octanol were also abolished by chelation of intracellular calcium ions with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid. Taken together, these results suggest that inhibition of calcium-dependent PKC signaling is a possible molecular substrate for modulation of T-channels in nRT neurons by 1-octanol. 1-Octanol is a colorless liquid. It has a fresh, orange-rose odor. 1-Octanol has an oily, sweet, slightly herbaceous taste. It is moderately soluble in water. USE: 1-Octanol is used in cosmetics and perfumery. It is used as a food flavoring. 1-Octanol is used in organic synthesis, solvent manufacturing and as an antifoaming agent. EXPOSURE: Workers that use or produce 1-octanol may breathe in mists or have direct skin contact. The general population may be exposed by eating food or drinking beverages that contain 1-octanol. Skin exposure will result from using some household cleaning products. If 1-octanol is released to air, it will be degraded by reaction with other chemicals in the air. It is not expected to be broken down by light. If released to water or soil, it is not expected to bind to soil particles or suspended particles. It will move into air from water and moist soil surfaces. It is expected to move through soil at a high rate. It will be rapidly broken down by microorganisms. 1-Octanol will not build up in aquatic organisms. RISK: 1-Octanol did not cause irritation in human skin exposure studies. No abortions or offspring with birth defects were found in female laboratory animals exposed during pregnancy to high concentrations of 1-octanol vapor in air or to high doses by mouth. Unsteady gait, drooling, nose discharge, and pneumonia, with slightly decreased body weight gain were observed in the orally exposed pregnant animals. The potentials for 1-octanol to cause decreased fertility or cancer have not been studied in laboratory animals. The potential for 1-octanol to cause cancer in humans has not been assessed by the U.S. EPA IRIS program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the U.S. National Toxicology Program 13th Report on Carcinogens.For 1-octanol (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 079037) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the USA but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses.Prepared from the esterified products of coconut oil, the methyl caprylate being reduced by sodium and alcohol.By reduction of some caprylic esters such as methyl caprylate with sodium ethoxide.1-Octanol is manufactured by the Alfol process and from natural products.1-Octanol is made commercially by sodium reduction or high-pressure catalytic hydrogenation of the esters of naturally occurring caprylic acid or by oligomerization of ethylene using aluminum alkyl technology.Manufactured by the hydrodimerization of 1,3-butadiene, followed by catalytic hydrogenation of the resulting dienol, and distillation to produce n-octyl alcohol with a minimum purity of 99 percent.Grades: Technical; chemically pure; pure; perfume, Food Chemical Codex.Royaltac-M (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc.): Active ingredient: lauryl alcohol 0.3%; 1-octanol 36.2%; 1-decanol 48.2%.Off-Shoot-T (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc.): Active ingredient: lauryl alcohol 0.3%; 1-octanol 36.2%; 1-decanol 48.2%.C8-C10 Fatty Alcohol Technical (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc.): Active ingredient: lauryl alcohol 0.3%; 1-octanol 42.6%; 1-decanol 56.7%.Irritates skin and eyes.Combustible. Above 81 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.Combustible liquid when exposed to heat or flame.Octanol ... has caused transient injury of corneal epithelium, with recovery in 48 hr.Flush with copious amounts of water.Fresh air, rest.Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas.; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.AEROBIC: A number of aerobic biological screening studies, which utilized settled waste water, sewage, or activated sludge for inocula, have demonstrated that 1-octanol is readily biodegradable(1-8). Five day BOD tests show BODTs of 33(1), 37(2) and 62.4%(3). A ring test involving 14 laboratories found a mean degradation of 85% in 28 day test(4). A study which measured theoretical carbon dioxide evolved revealed 71% ultimate degradation of 1-octanol after an inoculation with activated sludge, in the dark, at 20 degrees C for 7 days(5). Other screening test data yielded a half-life of 22 hours(SRC) based on a first order biodegradation rate of 0.0313/hr(6) for 1-octanol.SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Storage class (TRGS 510): Combustible liquids.A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance is mildly irritating to the skin. If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis.Residues of n-octyl alcohol are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Use: solvent or cosolvent.Attacks plastics [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 236]. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: an explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73. 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893. 1963]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M. 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence [Wischmeyer 1969].1-Octanol is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and b) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part.Whether 1-octanol (OCT) could inhibit Ethanol (ETOH) toxicity in cultured whole mouse embryos /was studied/. Embryos (3 to 5 somites) were cultured for 6 hours in the absence and presence of alcohols and transferred to control medium for an additional 20 hours. Somite pairs were counted after a total of 26 hours in culture ... Treatment with 3 uM OCT did not produce a delay in embryonic development, whereas 10 uM and 50 uM OCT caused increasing toxicity. Embryos cultured for 6 hours with 100 mM ETOH showed markedly delayed in vitro development (13.8 + or - 0.7 somite pairs after 26 hours, n = 15) as compared with control embryos (19.6 + or - 0.6 somite pairs, n = 5). The toxicity of 100 mM ETOH was significantly reduced by co-incubation with 3 uM OCT (16.9 + or - 0.6 somite pairs; n = 23, p less than 0.002). All of the control embryos and 60.9% of the ethanol/octanol-treated embryos had greater than or equal to 17 somite pairs; in contrast, only 13.4% of the embryos treated with ethanol alone had greater than or equal to 17 somite pairs. Conversely, while 33.3% of the embryos treated with ethanol alone had less than or equal to 12 somite pairs, none of the control embryos and only 4.3% of the embryos treated with ethanol plus octanol were this small.Emergency and supportive measures. 1. General. Provide basic supportive care for all symptomatic patients. Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer supplemental oxygen. Monitor arterial blood gases or oximetry, chest radiographs, and ECG and admit symptomatic patients to an intensive care setting. Use epinephrine and other beta-adrenergic medications with caution in patients with significant hydrocarbon intoxication because arrhythmias may be induced. 2. Pulmonary aspiration. Patients who remain completely asymptomatic after 4-6 hours of observation may be discharged. In contrast, if the patient is coughing on arrival, aspiration probably has occurred. Administer supplemental oxygen and treat bronchospasm and hypoxia if they occur. Do not use steroids or prophylactic antibiotics. 3. Ingestion. In the vast majority of accidental childhood ingestions, less than 5-10 mL is actually swallowed and systemic toxicity is rare. Treatment is primarily supportive. Injection. For injections into the fingertip or hand, especially those involving a high-pressure paint gun, consult with a plastic or hand surgeon immediately, as prompt wide exposure, irrigation, and debridement are often required. /Hydrocarbons/1-Octanol's production and use in perfumery, cosmetics, organic synthesis, solvent manufacture of high boiling esters, anti-foam agents and in food flavoring may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 1-Octanol is released to the environment as a constituent of many plants. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 0.0794 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1-octanol will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-octanol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 27 hours. Physical removal from air via precipitation has been shown to occur. 1-Octanol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 1-octanol is expected to have very high mobility based upon a Koc of 38. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.5X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. 1-Octanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 89% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process. If released into water, 1-octanol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the Koc. Based on aqueous biodegradation screening test results, 1-octanol should biodegrade rapidly in aquatic environments. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 43 hours and 17 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 44 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to 1-octanol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-octanol is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 1-octanol via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with consumer products containing 1-octanol. (SRC) Industry Uses: Fuels and fuel additives Intermediates Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories Plasticizers Processing aids, not otherwise listed Processing aids, specific to petroleum production Solvents (for cleaning and degreasing) Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture) Surface active agents Viscosity adjustors Consumer Uses: Agricultural products (non-pesticidal) Air care products Building/construction materials - wood and engineered wood products Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere Lubricants and greases Metal products not covered elsewhere Non-TSCA use Paints and coatings Paper products Personal care products
1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-Glycerol
cas no 86390-77-4 (9Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid (2S)-2-(acetyloxy)-3-hydroxypropyl ester; 1-(cis-9-Octadecenoyl)-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol; 2-Acetyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol; DG(18:1(9Z)/2:0/0:0); OAG;
1-TETRADECANOL (MYRISTIC ALCOHOL)
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is a kind of straight-chain saturated fatty alcohol.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is often used as an ingredient in cosmetics such as cold creams because of its emollient properties.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) can also be used as the intermediate during the manufacturing of some organic compounds like surfactants.

CAS: 112-72-1
MF: C14H30O
MW: 214.39
EINECS: 204-000-3

Some studies have shown that 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) can inhibit the endothelial activation and reduce tissue responsiveness to cytokines, having the potential to treat the periodontitis based on studies on rabbits.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is also employed for the fabrication of temperature-regulated drug release system based on phase-change materials.
Colorless thick liquid (heated) with a faint alcohol odor.
Solidifies and floats on water.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol), or commonly myristyl alcohol (from Myristica fragrans – the nutmeg plant), is a straight-chain saturated fatty alcohol, with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)12CH2OH.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is a white waxy solid that is practically insoluble in water, soluble in diethyl ether, and slightly soluble in ethanol.

1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is a chemical compound that has been used as a model system for studying the biochemical properties of long-chain alcohols.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) has been shown to be a potent antimicrobial agent, with activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is soluble in trifluoroacetic acid and insoluble in water.
The phase transition temperature for 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) can be determined using an analytical method such as differential scanning calorimetry or by measuring its melting point.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is also used in the study of infectious diseases, including galleria mellonella and Linoleyl alcohol.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is a fatty alcohol produced from myristic acid that appears as a white, waxy solid.

Myristic acid, which gets its name from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), is also present in palm kernel oil and coconut oil, which are the primary sources for production.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) has emollient and emulsion stabilising properties, and it is used in some skincare formulations to help moisturise the skin as well as prevent the soluble ingredients from separating.
Myristyl Alcohol is a very useful ingredient in the cosmetic and personal care industry.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is commonly used as an emollient as it helps to hydrate and soothe the skin leaving it healthier and better textured.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) also reduces the surface tension between different components and helps to combine oil and water-based ingredients together.
Overall, 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) improves the feel, texture, and performance of different products such as body lotions, lip balms, shampoos, and sunscreens.
The chemical formula of Myristyl Alcohol is C14H30O.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is a light-weight fatty alcohol that functions as a thickener, emulsion, emollient, texture enhancer, and stabilizer in hair care product formulas.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is used to improve the texture and manageability of your hair.

1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 35-39 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 289 °C(lit.)
density: 0.823 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor Density: 7.4 (vs air)
Vapor Pressure: <1 hPa (20 °C)
Refractive Index: 1.4454
Fp: >230 °F
Storage Temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility Water: soluble0.00013g/L at 23°C
Form: Low Melting Solid, Crystalline Powder, Crystals, Flakes, Pellets and/or Chunks
Pka: 15.20±0.10(Predicted)
Specific Gravity: 0.823
Color: White
Odor: fatty
Odor Type: waxy
Water Solubility: insoluble
Merck: 14,6335
BRN: 1742652
Dielectric Constant: 4.4(48℃)
LogP: 5.5
CAS DataBase Reference: 112-72-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol)(112-72-1)
EPA Substance Registry System: 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) (112-72-1)

1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) occurs as a white crystalline solid with a waxy odor.
Also reported as opaque leaflets or crystals from ethanol.

Uses
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is an emollient often used in hand creams, cold creams, and lotions to give them a smooth, velvety feel.
Sources indicate 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) as being mildly comedogenic and potentially irritating.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is used as an ingredient in cosmetics such as cold creams.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is an active intermediate in the chemical synthesis of sulfated alcohol.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is also employed in the fabrication of temperature-regulated drug release system based on phase-change materials.

1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) plays a vital role in filling the hollow interiors of gold nanocages in the fabrication of new theranostic system, which has unique feature of photoacoustic imaging.
As emollient for cold creams, etc., also for making the sulfated alcohol whose sodium salt is applicable as a "wetter" in textiles.
As with other fatty alcohols, 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is used as an ingredient in cosmetics such as cold creams for its emollient properties.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is also used as an intermediate in the chemical synthesis of other products such as surfactants.

Pharmaceutical Applications
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is used in oral, parenteral, and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) has been evaluated as a penetration enhancer in melatonin transdermal patches in rats.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) has also been tested as a bilayer stabilizer in niosome formulations containing ketorolac tromethamine,and zidovudine.
Niosomes containing 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) showed a considerably slower release rate of ketorolac tromethamine than those containing cholesterol.
This was also observed with the zidovudine formulation.

Production Methods
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is found in spermaceti wax and sperm oil, and may be synthesized by sodium reduction of fatty acid esters or the reduction of fatty acids by lithium aluminum hydride. 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) can also be formed from acetaldehyde and dimethylamine.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) may be prepared by the hydrogenation of myristic acid (or its esters); myristic acid itself can be found in nutmeg (from where it gains its name) but is also present in palm kernel oil and coconut oil and it is from these that the majority of 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is produced.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) may also be produced from petrochemical feedstocks via either the Ziegler process.

Reactivity Profile
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) is an alcohol.
Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water.
Oxidizing agents convert 1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) to aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior.
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol) may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Synonyms
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol)
Tetradecan-1-ol
112-72-1
Myristyl alcohol
Tetradecanol
Tetradecyl alcohol
n-Tetradecanol
Myristic alcohol
n-Tetradecyl alcohol
Lanette K
Loxanol V
n-Tetradecanol-1
1-Hydroxytetradecane
Alfol 14
n-Tetradecan-1-ol
Dytol R-52
Lanette 14
1-Tetradecyl alcohol
tetradecan1-ol
NSC 8549
Polyethylene monoalcohol
Myristyl alcohol [NF]
NSC-8549
68855-56-1
71750-71-5
63393-82-8
67762-41-8
DTXSID9026926
CHEBI:77417
V42034O9PU
N-TETRADECYL-D29 ALCOHOL
kalcohl 40
75782-87-5
Myristyl alcohol (NF)
C14 alcohol
68002-95-9
DTXCID406926
Alcohol(C14)
CAS-112-72-1
Tetradecanol (7CI)
Kalcohl 4098
C14-15 alcohol
HSDB 5168
Lorol C 14
Adol 18
Kalcol 4098
Conol 1495
EINECS 204-000-3
MFCD00004757
Nacol 14-95
BRN 1742652
UNII-S4827SZE3L
UNII-V42034O9PU
tetradecylalcohol
AI3-00943
Tetradecanol-1
EINECS 267-019-6
EINECS 268-107-7
EINECS 272-490-6
EINECS 275-983-4
Philcohol 1400
Lorol C14
Myristyl cetyl alcohol
Epal 14
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol), 97%
SDA 15-060-00
EC 204-000-3
EC 616-261-4
SCHEMBL20286
4-01-00-01864 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
CHEMBL24022
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [II]
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [MI]
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [FCC]
S4827SZE3L
WLN: Q14
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [INCI]
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [MART.]
NSC8549
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [USP-RS]
MYRISTYL ALCOHOL [WHO-DD]
14 OH
EINECS 267-009-1
EINECS 269-790-4
Tox21_201842
Tox21_300538
LMFA05000041
Myristyl alcohol; n-Tetradecan-1-ol
AKOS009031495
CS-W004294
HY-W004294
NCGC00164345-01
NCGC00164345-02
NCGC00164345-03
NCGC00254322-01
NCGC00259391-01
BP-30124
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol), purum, >=95.0% (GC)
FT-0608311
T0084
EN300-19955
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol), Selectophore(TM), >=99.0%
D05097
D77653
1-Tetradecanol (Myristic Alcohol), Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 97%
A894532
Q161683
F7FCB87C-0FA4-412A-BC8C-BE5C952BC1E0
J-002824
Myristyl alcohol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Myristyl Alcohol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
1-Vinylimidazole
SYNONYMS 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin;1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; DBDMH; Dibromantine; N,N'-Dibromodimethylhydantoin; Cas no:77-48-5
2 ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE; BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHORIC ACID; D-2-EHPA; DEPHA; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE; DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHOSPHORIC ACID; DI(2-ETHYLHEXY)PHOSPHORIC ACID; DIISOOCTYL ACID PHOSPHATE; Diisooctyl phosphate; DIOCTYL PHOSPHATE; 'DIOCTYL' PHOSPHATE; HDEHP; PHOSPHORIC ACID BIS (2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER; PHOSPHORIC ACID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER; PHOSPHORIC ACID DIOCTYL ESTER; Bis(2-ethylhexyl)orthophosphoric acid; bis(2-ethylhexyl)orthophosphoricacid CAS NO:298-07-7
2 ETHYL HEXYL PERCARBONATE 40%

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a chemical compound commonly used in industrial applications.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a stable organic peroxide with a 40% concentration in its solution.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a vital role as a polymerization initiator and crosslinking agent.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is often employed in the production of plastics and rubber materials.

CAS Number: 16111-62-9



APPLICATIONS


2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is commonly used as a polymerization initiator in the production of plastic materials.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a crucial role in the manufacture of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) products, including pipes, fittings, and vinyl siding.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is utilized in the production of synthetic rubber compounds, improving their mechanical properties and resilience.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the creation of automotive seals and gaskets, enhancing their durability and resistance to environmental factors.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the manufacturing of wire and cable insulation materials.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of elastomeric materials for various industrial applications.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the crosslinking of rubber used in conveyor belts and hoses.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a key component in the production of heat-resistant rubber components for machinery and equipment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% aids in the production of rubber roofing materials with superior weather resistance.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is utilized in the manufacture of shoe soles, improving their wear resistance and longevity.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the creation of rubberized coatings for textiles and fabrics.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of foam rubber materials for cushioning and insulation purposes.

In the aerospace industry, it is used in the production of rubber components for aircraft and spacecraft.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubber O-rings used in various applications.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubber diaphragms used in pumps and valves.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the creation of inflatable structures, such as airbags and life rafts.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the production of medical-grade rubber products like seals and gaskets for pharmaceutical equipment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used to create rubberized coatings for industrial rollers and belts.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the production of rubber flooring materials for gymnasiums and playgrounds.
In the automotive industry, it enhances the performance of rubber components in engine compartments.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the creation of rubberized conveyor belts used in material handling systems.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of rubber gloves for industrial and medical purposes.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubber seals and gaskets for fluid and gas containment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the production of vibration-damping rubber mounts for machinery.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used to create rubber components for the marine industry, such as boat fenders and seals.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is utilized in the production of inflatable structures for recreational purposes, including bounce houses and inflatable slides.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the creation of rubberized seals and gaskets for the automotive industry, improving the reliability of engine components.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacture of vibration isolation mounts for sensitive equipment used in laboratories and manufacturing facilities.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of rubberized rollers for printing and paper processing machinery.
In the construction industry, it is employed in the creation of rubberized roofing membranes, providing excellent waterproofing and durability.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a role in the manufacturing of rubberized conveyor belts used in the mining and materials handling sectors.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is utilized in the production of agricultural equipment components, such as rubberized seals for machinery.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the creation of flexible, weather-resistant seals for doors and windows in residential and commercial buildings.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of rubberized expansion joints for bridges and infrastructure projects.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the formulation of rubber compounds for the aerospace industry, ensuring the reliability of critical components.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the production of rubberized coatings for industrial rollers used in various manufacturing processes.
In the electronics industry, it is used to create rubber components for sealing and protecting electronic devices from moisture and dust.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the production of rubberized linings for chemical storage tanks and industrial containers.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the manufacturing of high-performance rubber diaphragms for pumps and valves in the oil and gas industry.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the creation of rubberized seals for food processing equipment, ensuring hygiene and safety.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the production of shock-absorbing rubber components for the automotive suspension system.

In the marine industry, 2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the manufacture of marine fenders that protect vessels and docks from collisions.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubberized components for underwater vehicles and equipment.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the formulation of rubber compounds for the aerospace industry, ensuring the reliability of aircraft components.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a role in the production of rubberized coatings for rollers and belts used in the printing industry.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the creation of rubberized seals and gaskets for HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the production of rubberized linings for tanks and containers used in the chemical and petrochemical industries.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of high-temperature-resistant rubber components for industrial furnaces and ovens.
In the automotive sector, it is used to create rubberized components for suspension bushings and engine mounts.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of specialized rubber products for the defense and military industries, including protective gear and vehicle components.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubberized automotive hoses and tubing for fluid transport.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the formulation of rubber compounds for the manufacturing of conveyor belts used in the mining and aggregate industries.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the production of rubberized roller coverings used in material handling and printing industries.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the creation of rubberized seals and gaskets for refrigeration and HVAC systems.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the manufacturing of rubberized shock mounts for electronic equipment and instrumentation.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of high-temperature-resistant rubber components for aerospace engines and propulsion systems.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a role in the formulation of rubberized coatings for industrial drive belts used in manufacturing machinery.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used to create rubberized linings for tanks and vessels used in the chemical processing and pharmaceutical industries.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the production of resilient rubberized flooring materials for commercial and industrial facilities.
In the sports and recreation industry, it is employed in the manufacturing of rubberized surfaces for athletic tracks and playgrounds.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the creation of rubberized parts for agricultural machinery, such as combine harvester components.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of rubberized conveyor belting for bulk material handling in ports and warehouses.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the formulation of rubber compounds for the production of conveyor rollers and pulleys.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is utilized in the creation of rubberized seals and gaskets for water treatment and filtration equipment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubberized components for heavy-duty construction equipment, enhancing their longevity.

In the renewable energy sector, it is used in the production of rubberized components for wind turbine systems.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a role in the formulation of rubberized insulating materials for electrical cables and wires.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used to create rubberized components for medical devices, including tubing and seals.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of specialized rubberized components for the aerospace industry, such as seals for aircraft landing gear.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubberized components for the automotive suspension system, improving ride comfort.
In the petroleum industry, it is used in the production of rubberized components for oil drilling equipment and pipelines.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the formulation of rubber compounds for off-road and agricultural vehicle tires.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the creation of rubberized coatings for industrial conveyor systems used in manufacturing plants.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the production of rubberized protective gear for firefighters and first responders.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubberized components for marine vessels, including seals and buoys.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the formulation of rubberized components for the mining industry, including conveyor belts and seals for equipment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubberized gaskets and O-rings for the petrochemical industry.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a crucial role in creating rubberized components for the aerospace industry, such as seals for aircraft fuel systems.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubberized components for industrial pumps and compressors.
In the oil and gas sector, it is used in the production of rubberized components for offshore drilling rigs and subsea equipment.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the formulation of rubber compounds for railway track dampers, improving rail transportation safety.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the creation of rubberized components for agricultural machinery, such as tractor tires.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of rubberized expansion joints for bridges and highways.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the manufacturing of rubberized components for solar panel mounting systems.
In the aerospace industry, it is employed in the production of rubberized gaskets and seals for aircraft engines.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used to create rubberized components for military vehicles and equipment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a role in the formulation of rubberized conveyor belts for the recycling and waste management industry.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the manufacturing of rubberized components for submersible pumps used in water treatment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubberized components for downhole tools used in oil well drilling.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the creation of rubberized seals and gaskets for industrial boilers and pressure vessels.
In the food and beverage industry, it is used in the formulation of rubberized components for processing and packaging equipment.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the production of rubberized components for elevators and escalators.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the creation of rubberized components for automotive air conditioning systems.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a role in the formulation of rubberized components for wastewater treatment plants.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential in the manufacturing of rubberized coatings for conveyor systems in the logistics and distribution industry.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubberized components for medical equipment and devices.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% contributes to the creation of rubberized seals and gaskets for industrial boilers and pressure vessels.

In the automotive industry, it is used in the formulation of rubberized components for vehicle suspension systems.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of rubberized components for sports equipment, including gym mats and sports balls.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the manufacturing of rubberized protective gear for workers in industries such as construction and mining.



DESCRIPTION


2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% (also known as 2-Ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate or EHPDC) is a chemical compound used as a polymerization initiator and crosslinking agent in the production of plastics and rubbers.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is an organic peroxide, and its chemical formula is C14H26O8.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a relatively stable peroxide, but it can decompose to release oxygen radicals, which can initiate polymerization reactions.
This property makes it useful in various industrial applications, particularly in the production of polymer materials where controlled polymerization and crosslinking are needed.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a chemical compound commonly used in industrial applications.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a stable organic peroxide with a 40% concentration in its solution.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% plays a vital role as a polymerization initiator and crosslinking agent.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is often employed in the production of plastics and rubber materials.
The "40%" indicates the concentration of the compound in the solution or product.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is known for its ability to initiate controlled polymerization reactions.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% formula of 2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is C14H26O8.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a clear, colorless liquid or a white solid, depending on its form.

Handling and storage of this percarbonate require strict adherence to safety guidelines.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% decomposes gradually to release oxygen radicals that trigger polymerization.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% finds applications in the manufacture of various polymer products, including tubing and seals.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% helps improve the durability and performance of rubber compounds.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is used in the creation of crosslinked polymer networks.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is essential to follow safety data sheets (SDS) when working with this chemical.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is sensitive to heat and should be stored at controlled temperatures.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a valuable tool in the plastics and rubber industry.

Its controlled decomposition allows for precise control over polymerization processes.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% can enhance the mechanical properties of polymers.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is employed in the production of various synthetic rubber types.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is crucial for ensuring the integrity of rubber products used in harsh environments.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% aids in the production of elastomers with improved resistance to heat and aging.

Manufacturers often provide guidelines for the safe use and disposal of this chemical.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is an important ingredient in the creation of automotive and industrial rubber components.

2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40%'s 40% concentration makes it suitable for many industrial applications.
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% is a versatile compound that contributes to the quality and longevity of polymer materials.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C14H26O8
Common Name: 2 Ethylhexyl percarbonate 40%
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid or white solid, depending on form.
Concentration: 40% solution in the provided form.
Chemical Class: Organic peroxide.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 330.36 g/mol.
Odor: Typically odorless.
Stability: Relatively stable when stored properly, but sensitive to heat and contaminants.
Decomposition: Gradual decomposition releases oxygen radicals, which can initiate polymerization reactions.
Polymerization Initiator: Used to initiate controlled polymerization in the production of plastics and rubber.
Crosslinking Agent: Aids in the formation of crosslinked polymer networks.
Solubility: Soluble in various organic solvents.
Density: Varies depending on the specific formulation and concentration.
Melting Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation (if a solid).
Boiling Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation (if a liquid).
Flash Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation.
Chemical Compatibility: Compatible with various rubber and plastic materials.
Hazard Classification: Organic peroxides are typically considered hazardous materials and must be handled with care.



FIRST AID


Inhalation (Breathing in vapors or aerosols):

Remove the affected person from the contaminated area to a well-ventilated space.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person has stopped breathing or has no pulse, administer CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) if trained to do so.


Skin Contact:

Immediately remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash the affected skin thoroughly with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use a mild soap if available.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or chemical burns develop.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently but thoroughly with lukewarm, low-pressure water for at least 15 minutes while keeping the eyelids open.
If contact lenses are worn, remove them if it can be done safely during rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, and continue rinsing the eyes until professional medical help is obtained.


Ingestion (Swallowing):

Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a medical professional.
Rinse the mouth and drink plenty of water or milk if the person is conscious and not experiencing severe symptoms.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for guidance.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and suitable protective clothing, when handling the chemical.
Ensure that all PPE is in good condition and properly fitted.

Ventilation:

Use the chemical in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to control and reduce exposure to vapors or aerosols.
Avoid breathing vapors or aerosols by using a suitable respiratory protection device if necessary.

Avoid Contact:

Avoid skin, eye, and clothing contact with the chemical.
Do not ingest or taste the chemical, and avoid smoking, eating, or drinking in areas where it is handled.

Handling Precautions:

Handle the chemical with care to prevent spills or leaks.
Do not use damaged containers or equipment that may lead to leakage.

Storage Compatibility:

Store the chemical away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, bases, and reducing agents, to prevent hazardous reactions.
Ensure that storage areas are clearly labeled and segregated for hazardous materials.

Static Electricity:

Ground and bond containers and equipment to prevent the buildup of static electricity, as organic peroxides can be sensitive to electrostatic discharges.

Avoid High Temperatures:

Store the chemical away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight, as it can be sensitive to heat and temperature extremes.


Storage:

Location:

Store 2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40% in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area designated for hazardous materials.
Ensure that the storage area complies with local regulations and is adequately equipped to handle spills or emergencies.

Temperature:

Store at temperatures within the recommended range specified by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, as elevated temperatures can accelerate decomposition.

Container Integrity:

Ensure that containers used for storage are in good condition, free from damage or defects that may lead to leakage.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Segregation:

Store the chemical away from incompatible substances, following guidelines provided in the SDS.

Labeling:

Clearly label containers with the product name, hazard information, and handling precautions.
Maintain legible and updated labels.

Emergency Equipment:

Keep suitable emergency equipment, such as spill kits, eyewash stations, and safety showers, accessible in the storage area.

Monitoring:

Regularly monitor storage conditions and containers for signs of damage or deterioration.
Implement a regular inspection and maintenance schedule.

Security:

Restrict access to the storage area to authorized personnel only.
Comply with security regulations and guidelines if applicable.

Fire Safety:

Implement fire safety measures in the storage area, including fire extinguishers and sprinkler systems.
Store away from ignition sources.

Documentation:

Maintain accurate records of receipt, usage, and disposal of the chemical as required by regulations.



SYNONYMS


2-Ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 40%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate 40%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) percarbonate 40%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) dicarbonate 40%
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl 40%
2-EHPC 40%
Organic peroxide solution (with specified concentration)
Peroxidic initiator (with specified concentration)
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexanol 40%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) dicarbonate solution
Peroxydicarbonate solution, 2-ethylhexyl
2 ethyl hexyl percarbonate 40%, 40% active ingredient
Organic peroxydicarbonate solution
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol
Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, 40%
Peroxycarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl 40%
2-Ethylhexyl carbonate peroxide solution
Peroxide initiator, 2-ethylhexyl carbonate
2-Ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate solution
Peroxide crosslinking agent, 2-ethylhexyl
2-Ethylhexanol peroxydicarbonate solution
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, 40%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) carbonate peroxide
Peroxide compound, 2-ethylhexyl dicarbonate
Peroxycarbonate initiator, 2-ethylhexyl
2-Ethylhexyl organic peroxide, 40%
Peroxydicarbonate of octyl alcohol
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexane
Peroxidic initiator of 2-ethylhexyl carbonate
2-Ethylhexyl carbonate peroxidic compound
Peroxydicarbonate crosslinker, 2-ethylhexyl
Organic percarbonate solution, 2-ethylhexyl
Peroxide of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol
2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is water soluble.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is characterised by low viscosity.


CAS Number: 126-92-1
EC Number: 204-812-8
Molecular Formula: C8H17O4S


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is excellently soluble in water.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate also displays good solubility in low aliphatic alcohols.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a specialised anionic surfactant, combining several unique features, the synergy of which is extremely important to obtain the desired features of the final formulations.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a organosulfate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo group; major species at pH 7.3.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a conjugate base of a 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate content in the solution ranges from 38% to 42%.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is characterised by low viscosity.
At 20°C, 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate's density is approximately 1.1 g / mL.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is offered in the form of a clear, colourless to pale yellow liquid.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate primarily has low foaming properties, very good wetting properties and is highly resistant to alkaline environments.
A very important advantage of this choice is the low gelation tendency in electrolyte solutions.
This eliminates problems associated with a local increase in viscosity, e.g. in dispensing systems.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
Uses of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate: Detergent.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can be used for stable aqueous suspension formulations.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is an anionic surfactant that can be used.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in suspension polymerization.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the analysis of phenolic compounds through microchip-CE with pulsed amperometric detection.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used as charge balancing anions in the synthesis of organo-layered double hydroxides (organo-LDHs).


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is mainly used as wetting agent and penetrating agent in textile printing and dyeing industry, and can be used in various processes of fabric bleaching, scouring, dyeing and finishing, such as sizing, Desizing (especially biological enzyme Desizing), scouring, bleaching, carbonization, chlorination, dyeing, Resin finishing and other processes.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used as wetting agent for the mercerization of cotton and a surfactant in dishwashing detergents.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used as low foam wetting agent in nickel baths at a concentration of 50-250ml/L.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is also widely used in textile industry as alkaline-resistant scouring agent and mercerizing penetrant.


The Sodium 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used as wetting agent in electroplating.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, plant protection products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, polishes and waxes and air care products.
Other release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


Other release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is intended to be released from scented: clothes.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, polishes and waxes and plant protection products.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, printing and recorded media reproduction, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products, machinery and vehicles and furniture.
Other release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the following products: polymers, textile treatment products and dyes, lubricants and greases, pH regulators and water treatment products, leather treatment products, cosmetics and personal care products and adsorbents.
Release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, metal surface treatment products, polymers, textile treatment products and dyes, pH regulators and water treatment products and leather treatment products.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, printing and recorded media reproduction, formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, , plastic products, pulp, paper and paper products, textile, leather or fur, machinery and vehicles and furniture.
Release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and in the production of articles.


Other release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Release to the environment of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a low-foaming anionic surfactant with excellent wetting properties and outstanding stability in highly electrolyte, alkaline and acidic systems.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a profound hydrotropic and wetting agent suitable for use in the production of liquid detergents for household and industrial use such as hard-surface cleaners and alkaline and acid metal degreasers.


Owing to its wetting and penetrating properties 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used as a mercerizing agent in textile industry, in metal galvanization, pickling and brightening, in lye washing and peeling solutions for fruits and vegetables, in fountain solutions for offset printing, wallpaper removal solutions etc.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can be used for stable aqueous suspension formulations.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate has excellent stability in alkaline and acidic environments, which makes it perfect for use in many industrial formulations.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is successfully applied in the production of industrial and domestic highly alkaline cleaning agents and acidic preparations used for cleaning metal.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is also used in the textile industry as a wetting agent in cotton bleaching processes and during the mercerisation process.
Due to its high resistance to alkalis and low foaming properties, 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is a widely used component of professional preparations in the industrial and institutional cleaning segments.


2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate significantly improves the flow of working solutions of cleaning formulations on hard surfaces during the cleaning process.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate also acts as a wetting and cleaning agent in the photographic industry, offset printing and in formulations for electroplating.
2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate can also be used as an effective wetting agent in alkaline solutions intended for chemical peeling of vegetables and fruits.


-Application of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate:
*Galvanizing additive
*Raw material for acrylic copolymer
*Intermediate for organic synthesis


-Uses and applications of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate include:
Wetting agent for electroplating baths, alkaline textile processing aids, industrial cleaners; coemulsifier for polymerization; viscous control in adhesives; food packaging adhesives; in paperpaperboard in contact with aqueousfatty foods; surfactant, detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, penetrant, stabilizer for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, household and industrial cleaners, metal cleaning, paints, plastics, rubber, food packaging and processing, adhesives; washinglye peeling of fruits and vegetables.


-Applications of 2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate:
*Chemical industries as wetting agent
*Textile industry as mercerizing agent
*2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate is used as wetting agent in electroplating


-Applications of2 Ethyl Hexyl Sulphate:
*industrial cleaners,
*household detergents,
*textile industry,
*food industry,
*foaming agent in the production of drywall,
*firefighting industry,
*oil extraction industry.


-Cosmetic Uses:
*surfactants
*surfactant - emulsifying
*surfactant - hydrotrope



ADVANTAGES OF 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
*low foaming properties,
*very good wetting properties,
*good solubility in water,
*easy handling of the product,
*versatile product for multiple applications,
*high stability and interphase activity in concentrated salt and alkali solutions,
*exhibits hydrophilic properties.



WHAT DOES 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emulsifying
*Hydrotrope
*Surfactant



GROUPS / USES OF 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
*Agricultural Chemicals
*Coupling agent
*Organic Intermediates
*Surfactants & Emulsifiers
*Wetting Agents
*Accelerators



MARKETS OF 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
*Agriculture & Animal Care
*Chemical & Materials Manufacturing



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
Molecular Weight: 209.29
XLogP3: 2.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 6
Exact Mass: 209.08475519
Monoisotopic Mass: 209.08475519
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: -1
Complexity: 191
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: colorless clear liquid
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. )
logP (o/w): 3.085
Soluble in: water, 5.843e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C

Physical state: liquid
Color: yellow, green
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 100 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: completely miscible
Partition coefficient:
n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 23,3 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 1,100 - 1,120 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses with side-shields.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Body Protection:
Impervious clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 12: Non Combustible Liquids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2 ETHYL HEXYL SULPHATE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability
Stable under recommende:d storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Tergemist
2-ethylhexyl sulfate(1-)
Tergimist
Pentrone ON
Ethasulfate sodium
Sodium ethosulfate
Sulfirol 8
Tergitol 08
08-Union carbide
Tergitol anionic 08
Propaste 6708
component of Tergemist
Sole Tege TS-25
Emcol D 5-10
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
NSC4744
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate
NCI-C50204
Sodium(2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
Mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt
NCGC00164327-02
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, sulfate, sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol hydrogen sulfate sodium salt
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
2-ethylhexyl sulphate
2-ethylhexyl sulfate oxoanion
CHEBI:87808
2-EHS(1-)
Q27159946
2-Ethylhexyl Sulfate Sodium Salt
Avirol SA 4106
Carsonol SHS
Disponil EHS 47
Emcol D 5-10
Ethasulfate Sodium
Kraftex OA
Lugalvan TC-EHS
Lutensit TC-EHS
NAS 08
NSC 4744
Newcol 1000SN
Niaproof 08
Nissan Sintrex EHR
Pentrone ON
Pionin A 20
Rewopol NEHS 40
Rhodapon BOS
Rhodapon OLS
Sandet OHE
Sinolin SO 35
Sintrex EHR
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl Sulfate
Sodium Etasulfate
Sodium Ethasulfate
Sodium Octyl Sulfate
Sodium Octyl Sulphate
Sole Tege TS 25
Stepanol EHS
Steponol EHS
Sulfirol 8
Sulfopon O
Sulfotex CA
Sulfotex OA
Supralate SP
TC-EHS
Tergemist
Tergimist
Tergitol 08
Tergitol Anionic 08
Texapon 890
Texapon EHS
Witcolate D 5-10
TC-EHS
sipexbos
tergimist
tergemist
sulfirol8
TERGITOL-8
pentroneon
nci-c50204
niaproof08
emersal6465
propaste6708
niaproof type 8
08-unioncarbide
sodium etasulfate
tergitolanionic08
2-ethylhexyl sulfate
2-ethylhexylsiransodny
2-ethylhexylsulfatesodium
2-ethylhexylsodiumsulfate
SODIUM 2-ETHYLHEXYL SULFATE
sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulphate
2-ethyl-1-hexanolsodiumsulfate
2-ethylhexylsulfuricacid,sodium
2-Ethylhexylsulfate Sodium salt
2-ethylhexylsulphate,sodium salt
2-Ethylhexylsulphate, sodium salt
2-ethyl-1-hexanolsulfatesodiumsalt
mono(2-ethylhexyl sulfatesodiumsalt
2-ethyl-1-hexanolhydrogensulfatesodiumsalt
1-hexanol,2-ethyl-,hydrogensulfate,sodiumsalt
2-ethylhexylsulfuricacid,sodiumsalt emcold5-10
Sulfuricacid,mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester,sodiumsalt
Sodium ethasulfate
Tergemist
08-Union Carbide
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, sulfate, sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol hydrogen sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sodium sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
2-Ethylhexylsulfate sodium
Emcol D 5-10
Emersal 6465
Ethasulfate sodium
Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
Mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt
Mono(2-ethylhexyl)sulfate sodium salt
NIA proof 08
Pentrone ON
Propaste 6708
Sipex bos
Sodium (2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
Sodium etasulfate
Sodium mono(2-ethylhexyl) sulfate
Sodium octyl sulfate, iso
Sodium(2-ethylhexyl)alcohol sulfate
Sole Tege TS-25
Sulfirol 8
Sulfuric acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt
Tergitol 08
Tergitol Anionic 08
Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt
2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate
Mono (2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt
Sodium etasulfate Sodium (2-ethylhexyl) alcohol sulfate
Sulfuric acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt


2 ETHYLHEXYL PHOSPHATE
Texanol ester; 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediolmono(2-methylpropanoate); 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate; Isobutyric acid, monoester with 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol; ácido isobutírico, monoéster con 2,2,4-trimetilpentano-1,3-diol; Acide isobutyrique, monoester avec 2,2,4-triméthylpentane-1,3-diol CAS NO: 25265-77-4
2- ETHYLHEXYL SALICYLATE
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate also known as octisalate or octyl salicylate, is an organic compound used as an ingredient in sunscreens and cosmetics to absorb UVB (ultraviolet) rays from the sun.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is an ester formed by the condensation of salicylic acid with 2-ethylhexanol.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is a colorless oily liquid with a slight floral odor.

CAS: 118-60-5
MF: C15H22O3
MW: 250.33
EINECS: 204-263-4

Synonyms
SALICYLIC ACID OCTYL ESTER;SALICYLIC ACID-2-ETHYL-1-HEXYL ESTER;SALICYLIC ACID 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER;OCTISALATE;TIMTEC-BB SBB008473;2-ETHYLHEXYL SALICYLATE 99+%;SALICYLIC ACID 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER 98+%;OCTISALATE,USP;2-ETHYLHEXYL SALICYLATE;Octisalate;118-60-5;2-Ethylhexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate;Ethylhexyl salicylate;Ethyl hexyl salicylate;Sunarome O;Sunarome WMO;Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 2-ethylhexyl ester;Uvinul;Escalol;USAF DO-11;Neo Heliopan;Salicylic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester;NSC 46151;Salicylic Acid 2-Ethylhexyl Ester;NSC-46151;WMO;DTXSID7040734;CHEBI:88639;MFCD00053300;4X49Y0596W;NCGC00159324-02;Octyl salicylate;2-Ethylhexyl salicylate;Octisalate [USAN];DTXCID5020734;CAS-118-60-5;EINECS 204-263-4;BRN 2730664;Octisalate [USAN:USP:INN];Dermoblock OS;UNII-4X49Y0596W;Neo Heliopan OS;Uvinul (TN);Escalol 587;Salicylic acid-2-ethyl-1-hexyl ester;Uvinul O-18;2-Hydroxybenzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester;OCTISALATE [II];Octisalate (USP/INN);Ethylhexyl salicylic acid;OCTISALATE [INN];OCTISALATE [VANDF];Salicylic Acid Octyl Ester;EC 204-263-4;OCTISALATE [MART.];OCTISALATE [USP-RS];OCTISALATE [WHO-DD];SCHEMBL39594;2-Ethylhexyl2-hydroxybenzoate;OCTYL SALICYLATE [MI];2-Ethylhexyl salicylate, 99%;CHEMBL1329203;OCTYL SALICYLATE [VANDF];WLN: QR BVO1Y4 & 2;2-Ethylhexyl salicylate, >=99%;OCTISALATE [USP MONOGRAPH];HY-B0929;NSC46151;Tox21_111573;ETHYLHEXYL SALICYLATE [VANDF];s6405;STL570066;AKOS015890505;Tox21_111573_1;CS-4398;DB11062;NCGC00159324-03;NCGC00159324-04;AC-12458;LS-14437;SY052290;2-hydroxy benzoic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester;DB-041415;2-Ethylhexyl salicylate, analytical standard;NS00011474;S0387;D05226;F85195;EN300-7381990;A804061;J-509330;Q27160526;Octisalate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard;Octisalate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

2-Ethylhexyl salicylate of the molecule absorbs ultraviolet light, protecting skin from the harmful effects of exposure to sunlight.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is a fatty alcohol, adding emollient and oil-like (water resistant) properties.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is a benzoate ester and a member of phenols.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is functionally related to a salicylic acid.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate(EHS) is an organic ultraviolet(UV) absorber that can be used as a photostable ingredient in cosmetic formulations.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate shows an absorption spectra in the range of 280-320 nm in the UV region.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is an important chemical product with colorless to light yellow transparent liquid in appearance, slightly aromatic odor, absorption of UVB (Chinese: outdoor ultraviolet), and widely used in perfume, soap, sunscreen cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries, 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate can also be used as an organic solvent and an intermediate in organic synthesis.
At present, my country mainly relies on imports.

2-Ethylhexyl salicylate Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 189-190 °C/21 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 1.014 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0.018Pa at 20℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.502(lit.)
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Refrigerator
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
pka: 8.13±0.30(Predicted)
Color: A colourless liquid.
Odor: at 100.00 %. mild orchid sweet balsam
Odor Type: floral
Water Solubility: 74.4μg/L at 20℃
Merck: 14,6770
BRN: 2730664
LogP: 5.94 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 118-60-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate(118-60-5)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate (118-60-5)

Uses
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is also known as ethylhexyl salicylate and octyl salicylate.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is a uVB absorber.
octisalate is a uVB protector.
This is the drug name for 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate and octyl salicylate.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is an FDA-approved uVB sunscreen chemical, it absorbs within the entire uVB range.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate has an approved usage level of 3 to 5 percent in both the united States and the european union, and is a good solubilizer for benzophenone-3.
In suntan lotions, 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is used as a preservative and anti-microbial.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is a salt of salicylic acid occurring in wintergreen leaves and in other plants.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is also synthetically manufactured.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is considered a non-comedogenic raw material.
2-Ethylhexyl salicylate is the InCI name for octyl salicylate.

Preparation
The first step is to add isooctanol solution with purity of 70%-99.9% to methyl salicylate solution with purity of 70%-99.9%, and the molar ratio of methyl salicylate in methyl salicylate solution to isooctanol in isooctanol solution is 1:1-1: 3, stirring for 1-3 hours, form a uniformly mixed raw material solution.
Preferably, in the first step, the molar ratio of methyl salicylate in methyl salicylate solution and isooctanol in isooctanol solution is 1: 2.
In the second step, a solid inorganic base catalyst is added to the raw material solution prepared in the first step.
The mass of the inorganic base catalyst is 0. 2% -1. 0% of the mass of the raw material solution to form a reaction solution.
In the second step, the inorganic base catalyst is sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Preferably, the mass of the inorganic base catalyst is 0.5% of the total mass of the raw material solution.

In the third step, the reaction solution prepared in the second step is heated to 100-200°C, and after stirring for 4-10 hours, the reaction solution is cooled to 2(T80 °C, the reaction solution is washed with hot water at a temperature of 50-100°C, and the organic phase is separated and extracted.
In the second step, methanol is recovered after 4-10 hours of mixing reaction.
Heat the reaction solution to 100-200°C to produce methanol gas.
The recovery device is used to recover the methanol produced in the transesterification process between the inorganic base catalyst and the raw material solution.
Preferably, the reaction solution is heated to 150°C.
The time of stirring reaction is 5 hours.

The number of times the hot water washes the reaction solution is two or three.
Step 4: First, anhydrous Na2SO4 is added to the organic phase extracted in the third step, the organic phase is dried with anhydrous Na2SO4, and after standing for 8 -12 hours, Na2SO4 in the organic phase is removed; then, the organic phase removed from Na2SO4 is added to a flask, and the oil pump is subjected to vacuum distillation to collect a fraction of 174- 178°C /1.0kPa, which is isooctyl salicylate.
In the fourth step, the oil pump is distilled under reduced pressure to the prior art.
174- 178°C /1.0kPa means that the pressure gauge of the oil pump shows 1.0kPa, and the thermometer in the container containing the organic phase shows 174- 178°C.
2-(2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHOXY)ETHANOL (DMAEE)
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) is a chemical that belongs to the group of amines.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) is used as a surfactant in the form of ethylene diamine or metal hydroxides and has been shown to have transport properties.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE)'s protonated form has been shown to adsorb on metal oxides, such as iron oxide, aluminum oxide, and titanium dioxide.

CAS: 1704-62-7
MF: C6H15NO2
MW: 133.19
EINECS: 216-940-1

Synonyms
2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-ethano;2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-ethano;Ethanol, 2-2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy-;N,N-Dimethyl-2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol;Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol;N,N-Dimethyldiglycolamine;Texacat ZR-70;LUPRAGEN(R) N 107;1704-62-7;2-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol;2-[2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHOXY]ETHANOL;2-(2-Dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol;Dimethylaminoethoxyethanol;N,N-Dimethyldiglycolamine;Ethanol, 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-;2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethan-1-ol;Ethanol, 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-;C3YTX3O172;(n,n-dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol;DTXSID1027427
;NSC-3146;Ethylene Glycol Mono[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl] Ether;NSC 3146;EINECS 216-940-1;BRN 1209271;UNII-C3YTX3O172;AI3-18588;DMAE-EO;EC 216-940-1;SCHEMBL25781;3-04-00-00648 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);2,3-Dibromopropylisothiocyanate;DTXCID907427;CHEMBL3188351;WLN: Q2O2N1&1;YSAANLSYLSUVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-;NSC3146;2-(n,n-dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol;BAA70462;Tox21_200243;MFCD00059602;2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol;AKOS009156495;2-[2-(Dimethyl-amino)-ethoxy]ethanol
;CS-W011078;NCGC00248574-01;NCGC00257797-01;CS-17339;CAS-1704-62-7;2-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol, 98%;5-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-3-OXAPENTAN-1-OL;D1756;NS00001756;2-(2-N,N-DIMETHYLAMINOETHOXY)ETHANOL;D77714;EN300-738720;A811204
;N,N-DIMETHYL(2-(2-HYDROXYETHOXY)ETHYL)AMINE;Q27275154;InChI=1/C6H15NO2/c1-7(2)3-5-9-6-4-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3;40021-80-5

This adsorption mechanism may be due to its cationic nature.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) also reacts with nitrous acid in water to form an intermediate which can be oxidized by atmospheric oxygen.
The reaction mechanism for this oxidation is not yet well understood.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H15NO2 and is a liquid at room temperature.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) is polyfunctional, having a tertiary amine, ether and hydroxyl functionality.
Like other organic amines, 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) acts as a weak base.
The toxicity of 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) has been extensively studied.

2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 95 °C15 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.954 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 11Pa at 20℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.442(lit.)
Fp: 199 °F
Storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Form: clear liquid
pka: 14.37±0.10(Predicted)
color: Colorless to Light yellow to Light orange
Water Solubility: 1000g/L at 20℃
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, isocyanates.
LogP: -0.778 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 1704-62-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) (1704-62-7)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) (1704-62-7)

Physical and Chemical Properties Analysis
The critical micelle concentrations of surfactants based on 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) have been estimated using surface tension and conductometric measurements, revealing hydrophobic and temperature-dependent surface parameters.
Thermodynamic parameters indicate a preference for adsorption at interfaces rather than aggregation in micelles.
Experimental density data for binary liquid mixtures containing 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and various alcohols have been measured, with results fitting the Tait–Tammann equation and used to calculate properties such as isothermal compressibility, thermal expansion coefficient, and internal pressure.
The phase equilibrium properties of binary aqueous solutions of 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) have been studied, with vapour pressures measured and excess Gibbs functions calculated, indicating negative deviations in Gibbs energy for the mixtures.

Uses
As dimethylaminoethoxyethanol is weakly basic, 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) has been studied as a method of absorbing Greenhouse gases and in particular carbon dioxide.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) is used extensively in surfactants which have also been evaluated as corrosion inhibitors.
Surfactants prepared are usually cationic and may also be used as a biocide.
2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) is particularly important for oilfield applications against Sulfate-reducing microorganisms.

The material has other uses which include:
General such as clays, intermediates, plasticizers and adhesives.
As a catalyst and especially for polyurethanes.
Process regulators
Propellants and blowing agents

Synthesis and Characterization
The synthesis of compounds based on 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethanol (DMAEE) involves direct quaternization with different alkyl bromides, as demonstrated in the preparation of cationic surfactants.
The chemical structures of these surfactants were confirmed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ensuring the accuracy of the synthesis process.
2-(2-aminoethoxy) ethanol (ADEG, DGA)
Aminoethoxyethanol; 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol; Diethylene Glycol Monoamine; 2-Hydroxyethyloxyethylamine; cas no: 929-06-6
2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol
SYNONYMS Aminoethoxyethanol; 2-(2-Aminoethoxy)ethanol;Diethylene Glycol Monoamine; 2-Hydroxyethyloxyethylamine; CAS NO:929-06-6
2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL
DESCRIPTION:
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol (DEEA) is a tertiary alkanolamine multi-component aqueous solvent.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol has a high chemical stability and resistance against degradation.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is used to prepare quaternary ammonium salts.
These salts are widely used as phase transfer catalysts to promote reactions between immiscible phases.

CAS Number: 100-37-8
EC Number: 202-845-2
Linear Formula:(C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH




SYNONYM(S) OF 2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL:
N,N-Diethylethanolamine, DEAE, DEEA 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol,Diethylaminoethanol,2-Diethylaminoethanol,N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol,N,N-Diethylethanolamine,Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine,(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol,2-Hydroxytriethylamine,2-Diethylaminoethanol,2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE,BETA-DIETHYLAMINOETHYL ALCOHOL,DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLAMINO-2 ETHANOL,Diethylaminoethanol,DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE (DEEA),2-Diethylaminoethanol,Diethylaminoethanol,N,N-DIETHYL-2-AMINOETHANOL,N,N-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE,2-(diethylamino)ethanol,2-(dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride,2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride,2-diethylaminoethanol,2-diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride,2-diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride, 14C-labeled,2-diethylaminoethanol sulfate (2:1),2-diethylaminoethanol tartrate,2-diethylaminoethanol, sodium salt,DEAE,deanol hydrochloride,diethylaminoethanol,diethylethanolamine,ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-, hydrochloride (1:1),ethanol, 2-dimethylamino-, hydrochloride,N,N-diethylethanolamine,2-(Diethylamino)ethanol,2-Diethylaminoethanol,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,100-37-8,N,N-Diethylethanolamine,Diethylethanolamine,DEAE,(Diethylamino)ethanol,Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-,N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol,(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine,2-(Diethylamino)Ethan-1-Ol,Diethylmonoethanolamine,2-Hydroxytriethylamine,Pennad 150,Diaethylaminoaethanol,2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine,N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine,beta-Diethylaminoethanol,beta-Hydroxytriethylamine,2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol,Diethylamino ethanol,N-Diethylaminoethanol,2-N-Diethylaminoethanol,diethyl ethanolamine,DEEA,beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol,2-diethylamino-ethanol,N-(Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine,NSC 8759,N,N-Diethylaminoethanol,2-(diethylamino)-ethanol,2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol,.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethanol,ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO,S6DL4M053U,beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol,DTXSID5021837,CHEBI:52153,.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
NSC-8759,N,N-Diethyl-N-(.beta.-hydroxyethyl)amine,DTXCID401837,ethane, 1-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-,CAS-100-37-8,Diaethylaminoaethanol [German],CCRIS 4793,HSDB 329,EINECS 202-845-2,UN2686,UNII-S6DL4M053U,-diethylamino,AI3-16309,2-Diethylamino,Diathylaminoathanol,Diethylamlnoethanol,MFCD00002850,N, N-Diethylethanolamine,beta-(Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-diethyl ethanol amine,2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686] [Corrosive],.beta.-Hydroxytriethylamine,EC 202-845-2,SCHEMBL3114,2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI,CHEMBL1183,Diaethylaminoaethanol(german),2-(diethylamino)-1-ethanol,MLS002174251,2-(N,N-diethylamino)-ethanol,2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 99%,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [HSDB],N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,NSC8759,HMS3039I08,2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99%,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MART.],WLN: Q2N2 & 2,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [WHO-DD],N-(hydroxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl amine,Tox21_201463,Tox21_300037,BBL012211,STL163552,2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL [MI],2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99.5%,AKOS000119883,UN 2686,NCGC00090925-01,NCGC00090925-02,NCGC00090925-03,NCGC00253920-01,NCGC00259014-01,A 22,BP-20552,SMR001261425,VS-03234,DB-012722,D0465,NS00006343,2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686] [Corrosive],D88192,2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, purum, >=99.0% (GC),Q209373,2-Diethylaminoethanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile,J-520312,Diethyl ethanolamine Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine,InChI=1/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H


2-diethylaminoethanol appears as a colorless liquid.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol has Flash point 103-140 °F.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is Less dense than water.

Vapors of 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is heavier than air.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

2-diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is functionally related to an ethanolamine.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.


Diethylethanolamine (DEAE) is the organic compound with the molecular formula (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH.
A colorless liquid, is used as a precursor in the production of a variety of chemical commodities such as the local anesthetic procaine.


APPLICATIONS OF 2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL:
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol (DEEA) can be used as a co-solvent with methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and sulfolane to investigate the CO2 absorption and desorption behavior in aqueous solutions.
Additionally, DEAE is used to prepare N-substituted glycine derivatives and these compounds are used in the synthesis of peptides and proteins.

2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol reacts with 4-aminobenzoic acid to make procaine.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is a precursor for DEAE-cellulose resin, which is commonly used in ion exchange chromatography.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol can decrease the surface tension of water when the temperature is increased.[3]
Solutions of 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol absorb carbon dioxide (CO2).

2-(Diethylamino)ethanol can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is also used as a pH stabilizer.



USE AND EMISSION SOURCES 1 2 3 4:
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of emulsifying agents, specialty soaps and other chemicals for applications in:
Pharmaceutical industry
pesticides
the paper
leather products
plastics
anti-rust products
the paintings
the textile
cosmetics
surface coatings...


PREPARATION OF 2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL:
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is prepared commercially by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene oxide.[4]
(C2H5)2NH + cyclo(CH2CH2)O → (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH
2-(Diethylamino)ethanol is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin.[5


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL:
vapor density
4.04 (vs air)
Quality Level
100
vapor pressure
1 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Assay
≥99.5%
expl. lim.
11.7 %
refractive index
n20/D 1.441 (lit.)
bp
161 °C (lit.)
density
0.884 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string
CCN(CC)CCO
InChI
1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI key
BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight:
117.19
Beilstein:
741863
Chemical formula C6H15NO
Molar mass 117.192 g•mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Ammoniacal
Density 884 mg mL−1
Melting point −70 °C; −94 °F; 203 K[1]
Boiling point 161.1 °C; 321.9 °F; 434.2 K
Solubility in water miscible[1]
log P 0.769
Vapor pressure 100 Pa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD) 1.441–1.442
CAS number 100-37-8
CE index number 603-048-00-6
CE number 202-845-2
Hill formula C₆H₁₅NO
Chemical formula (C₂H₅)₂NCH₂CH₂OH
Molar Mass 117.19 g/mol
Code SH 2922 19 52
Boiling point 163 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 0.88 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 0.7%(V)
Flash point 50 °C
Ignition temperature 270 °C
Fusion point -68 °C
pH value 11.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 1 hPa (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.883 - 0.885
Water (K. F.) ≤ 0.30 %
Identity (IR) passes test
Molecular Weight
117.19 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3-AA
0.3
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
4
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
117.115364102 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
117.115364102 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
23.5Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
8
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
43.8
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
vapor pressure
1.9 hPa ( 20 °C)
Quality Level
200
Assay
≥99.0% (GC)
form
liquid
autoignition temp.
270 °C
potency
1300 mg/kg LD50, oral (Rat)
1109 mg/kg LD50, skin (Rabbit)

expl. lim.
0.7 % (v/v)
pH
11.5 (20 °C, 100 g/L in H2O)
bp
163 °C/1013 hPa
mp
-68 °C
transition temp
flash point 51 °C
density
0.88 g/cm3 at 20 °C
storage temp.
2-30°C
InChI
1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI key
BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Storage Temperature
RT
European Com.#
202-845-2
Hazmat Ship
Check subsku for hazmat
Purity
>99%
Appearance color
Clear, colorless
Appearance form
Liquid
Molecular Formula
C6H15NO
Molecular Weight
117.19
Density
0.884 g/mL at 25°C
Melting point
-70°C
Boiling point
161°C
Solubility (@ RT)
Solubility in water: Soluble
Solubility in other solvents: Soluble in alcohol, ether and benzene
Melting Point -70°C
Density 0.883
pH 11.5
Boiling Point 161°C to 163°C
Flash Point 52°C (125°F)
Odor Amine-like
Linear Formula (CH3CH2)2NCH2CH2OH
Refractive Index 1.4415
Quantity 1000 mL
UN Number UN2686
Beilstein 741863
Sensitivity Air and light sensitive; Hygroscopic
Merck Index 14,3112
Solubility Information It is miscible in water.
Molecular Weight (g/mol) 117.192
Formula Weight 117.19
Percent Purity 99%
Chemical Name or Material 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL (DMAE)
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is colorless or slightly yellow liquid with ammonia odor.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has a role as a curing agent and a radical scavenger.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine and a member of ethanolamines.

CAS Number: 3635-74-3
Molecular Formula: C9H9NO3.C4H11NO
Molecular Weight: 268.3089
EINECS Number: 2228587

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The synthesis of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) by the ethylene oxide method is obtained by the ammonification of dimethylamine with ethylene oxide, which is distilled, refined and dehydrated.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is bifunctional, containing both a tertiary amine and primary alcohol functional groups.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a colorless viscous liquid.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is miscible with water, ethanol, benzene, ether and acetone.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in skin care products for improving skin tone and also taken orally as a nootropic.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is prepared by the ethoxylation of dimethylamine.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE), commonly known as Deanol, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H11NO.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an organic compound that belongs to the class of alkanolamines.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine and has two methyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, along with an ethyl group attached to the carbon adjacent to the nitrogen.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a precursor to other chemicals, such as the nitrogen mustard 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.
The acrylate ester, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) acrylate is used as a flocculating agent.
Related compounds are used in gas purification, e.g. removal of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas streams.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an organic chemical compound from the group of alkylated amino alcohols .
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is closely related to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine via choline (the trimethylethanolammonium cation).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an intermediate product of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries .

The bitartrate salt of DMAE, i.e. 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE), is sold as a dietary supplement.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a white powder providing 37% DMAE.
Animal tests show possible benefit for improving spatial memory and working memory.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is produced industrially by reacting dimethylamine with ethylene oxide at temperatures of 125-160 ° C and pressures of 15-30 bar in the presence of catalytic amounts of water in liquid-cooled double-jacket tube reactors.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is bifunctional, containing both a tertiary amine and primary alcohol functional groups.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a colorless viscous liquid.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in skin care products for improving skin tone and also taken orally as a nootropic.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is prepared by the ethoxylation of dimethylamine.

Deanol is commonly referred to as 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) or dimethylethanolamine (DMEA).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) holds tertiary amine and primary alcohol groups as functional groups.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been used in the treatment of attention deficithyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease, autism, and tardive dyskinesia.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been also used as an ingredient in skin care, and in cognitive function- and mood-enhancing products.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) appears as a clear colorless liquid with a fishlike odor.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has a role as a curing agent and a radical scavenger.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine and a member of ethanolamines.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a compound that many people believe can positively affect mood, enhance memory, and improve brain function.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)’s also thought to have benefits for aging skin.
While there aren’t many studies on 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE), advocates believe it may have benefits for several conditions, including: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is naturally produced in the body.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)’s also found in fatty fish, such as salmon, sardines, and anchovies.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is thought to work by increasing production of acetylcholine (Ach), a neurotransmitter that’s crucial for helping nerve cells send signals.
Ach helps regulate many functions controlled by the brain, including REM sleep, muscle contractions, and pain responses.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may also help prevent the buildup of a substance called beta-amyloid in the brain.
Too much beta-amyloid has been linked to age-related decline and memory loss.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)’s impact on Ach production and beta-amyloid buildup may make it beneficial for brain health, especially as age.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can be synthesized through the reaction of dimethylamine with ethylene oxide.
This reaction results in the formation of a tertiary amine, where two methyl groups are attached to the nitrogen atom and an ethyl group is attached to the adjacent carbon.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) finds various industrial applications due to its properties as a versatile amine.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is commonly used as a catalyst or a reactant in chemical reactions, particularly in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and corrosion inhibitors.
In cosmetics and personal care products, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is utilized as an ingredient in formulations such as skin care products, hair care products, and toiletries.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can act as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, or conditioning agent in these formulations.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has gained attention in the field of nootropics and cognitive enhancement.
Some individuals use Deanol-containing supplements for its potential to improve cognitive function, memory, and focus.
However, scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited, and more research is needed to determine its effectiveness and safety for cognitive enhancement purposes.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is regulated by various regulatory bodies, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is important to adhere to regulations and guidelines regarding its use in different applications to ensure safety and compliance.
While Deanol is generally regarded as safe when used in accordance with regulations and guidelines, it is essential to handle it with care due to its potential hazards.

Proper safety precautions, such as wearing appropriate personal protective equipment and following handling instructions, should be observed when working with this compound.
Research on 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) continues to explore its potential applications and properties. Studies may focus on its chemical reactivity, biological effects, and potential uses in various industries, contributing to ongoing advancements in science and technology.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has previously been investigated as a stimulant and treatment for several neurological diseases, including tardive dyskinesia (TD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and senile dementia.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an amino alcohol.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is the main product formed during the amination of ethylene glycol by dimethylamine on alumina supported copper in a continuous fixed-bed reactor.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been reported to be the putative precursor of acetylcholine.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is effect as a skin-firming and anti-wrinkle agent has been studied.
Microwave spectrum of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been investigated.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is effect as an organic additive on deposition and anti-reflective properties of porous CaF2 has been studied.

Removal of the benzyl ester groups by transesterification with 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) from benzyl protected tripeptides has been reported.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a transparent, pale yellow liquid and primary alcohol that is used as a building block for the synthesis of cationic flocculants and ion exchange resins.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is also used used as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and emulsifiers and as an additive to boiler water, paint removers, and amino resins.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is bifunctional, containing both a tertiary amine and primary alcohol functional groups.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a colorless viscous liquid.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in skin care products.
First, application of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) to human healthy volunteers dates back to the 1960s when 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) was reported to exert stimulating effects comparable to amphetamine.
Murphree et al. (1960) described improved concentration, increased muscle tone and changed sleeping habits in healthy males (21–26 years) with an intake of 10–20 mg 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) (or Deanol) daily for 2–3 weeks compared to a placebo group.

In later studies, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) was hypothesized as an acetylcholine (ACh) precursor and therefore tested in diseases that are considered to be linked to the cholinergic system.
However, results of several studies were inconclusive and a systematic review could not confirm the positive effects of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) or other cholinergic compounds in patients with TD.
In addition, in vivo experiments showed that 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is not methylated to choline and does not alter brain ACh levels.

Interestingly, in both acute and chronic seizure models in rats, a conjugate of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) and valproate (DEVA) was shown to be more potent than valproate alone, potentially by facilitation of valproate transport via the blood brain barrier.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is commonly referred to as 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol, dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) or dimethylethanolamine (DMEA).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) holds tertiary amine and primary alcohol groups as functional groups.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been used in the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease, autism, and tardive dyskinesia.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been also used as an ingredient in skin care, and in cognitive function- and mood-enhancing products.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is commonly referred to as 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol, dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) or dimethylethanolamine (DMEA).

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) holds tertiary amine and primary alcohol groups as functional groups.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been used in the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease, autism, and tardive dyskinesia.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been also used as an ingredient in skin care, and in cognitive function- and mood-enhancing products.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) and comes with molecular formula of C4H11NO and molecular weight of 89.13624.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) works as anti-depressive agent and is also used for treating movement disorders.
Available in colorless liquid form, it has amine odor with boiling point of 135 DEG C 758 MM HG, melting point of -59 DEG C, density/specific gravity of 0.8866 @ 20 DEG C/4 DEG C.

The chemical has miscible solubility with water, ether, acetone & benzene.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine that is ethanolamine having two N-methyl substituents.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has a role as a curing agent and a radical scavenger.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a tertiary amine and a member of ethanolamines.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is commonly referred to as 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol, dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) or dimethylethanolamine (DMEA).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) holds tertiary amine and primary alcohol groups as functional groups.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been used in the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer's disease, autism, and tardive dyskinesia.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been also used as an ingredient in skin care, and in cognitive function- and mood-enhancing products.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is prepared by the ethoxylation of dimethylamine.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a precursor to other chemicals, such as the nitrogen mustard 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.
The acrylate ester is used as a flocculating agent.Related compounds are used in gas purification, e.g. removal of hydrogen sulfide from sour gas streams.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a white powder providing 37% DMAE.

Melting point: −70 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 134-136 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.886 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 3.03 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 100 mm Hg ( 55 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.4294(lit.)
Flash point: 105 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: alcohol: miscible(lit.)
form: Liquid
pka: pK1:9.26(+1) (25°C)
color: Clear colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Amine like
PH Range: 10.5 - 11.0 at 100 g/l at 20 °C
PH: 10.5-11 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit 1.4-12.2%(V)
Water Solubility: miscible
FreezingPoint: -59.0℃
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,2843
BRN: 1209235
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, copper, copper alloys, zinc, acids, galvanised iron. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey: UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.55 at 23℃

Some research suggests that it may modulate levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in memory and cognition.
However, the exact mechanisms of action and their significance in cognitive function are still not fully understood.
Upon ingestion, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is metabolized in the body.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) undergoes processes such as oxidation and conjugation, leading to the formation of various metabolites.
Understanding its metabolic pathways is important for assessing its safety and potential health effects.
While 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is generally considered safe when used appropriately, excessive intake or exposure may lead to adverse effects.

Some reported side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea and stomach upset.
Additionally, there have been concerns about potential liver toxicity associated with high doses, although more research is needed to confirm these effects.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may interact with other substances, medications, or supplements.

Individuals taking medications or supplements should consult healthcare professionals before using 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)-containing products to avoid potential interactions or adverse effects.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is available in various formulations, including oral supplements, topical creams, and liquid solutions.
The concentration and form of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) in these products may vary, influencing its absorption, bioavailability, and effectiveness.

Despite its potential benefits, research on Deanol faces challenges, including variability in study designs, inconsistent findings, and a lack of standardized protocols.
Addressing these challenges is essential for advancing scientific understanding and establishing evidence-based recommendations regarding its use.
Regulatory agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)-containing products based on scientific evidence.

Compliance with regulatory requirements ensures that 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) meet quality standards and are safe for consumer use.
Consumers should be aware of the limitations of available evidence and exercise caution when using Deanol-containing products, particularly those marketed for cognitive enhancement.
Consulting healthcare professionals and reputable sources can help individuals make informed decisions about its use.

In cosmetics, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is often incorporated into formulations targeting skin care and hair care products.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can act as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, or humectant, contributing to the stability, texture, and moisturizing properties of these products.
Some formulations may claim to have firming or toning effects on the skin due to 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)'s potential to enhance skin elasticity.

These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may react vigorously with oxidizing materials.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used as a corrosion inhibitor; pharmaceutical intermediate; in making dyestuffs, textiles, pharmaceuticals; emulsifiers in paints and coatings.

Also, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been used as a medication in the treatment ofbehavioral problems of children.
When administered orally, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) acetamidobenzoate (the therapeutic salt formulation) has been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier (HSDB 1988).
Two other studies have examined the pharmacokinetics of dimethylaminoethanol in rats and healthy adults.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a chemical that can be converted into choline.
While the exact mechanisms underlying 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)'s purported cognitive-enhancing effects are not fully understood, some hypotheses suggest that it may influence cholinergic neurotransmission.
Cholinergic pathways play a crucial role in memory, attention, and learning processes.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)'s interaction with these pathways may modulate neurotransmitter levels and neuronal activity, affecting cognitive function.
Ongoing research continues to explore 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)'s potential therapeutic applications and mechanisms of action.
Studies may investigate its effects on neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and neurotransmitter systems to elucidate its role in cognitive function and neurological disorders.

Additionally, clinical trials assessing 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)'s efficacy and safety in specific populations, such as older adults or individuals with cognitive impairments, are warranted.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is sometimes included as an ingredient in combination products, alongside other compounds purported to have cognitive-enhancing effects.
These products may contain vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, or herbal extracts, aiming to synergistically improve cognitive function.

However, the efficacy of such combinations should be evaluated through rigorous scientific research.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)-containing products marketed for cognitive enhancement often attract public interest, particularly among individuals seeking ways to support brain health and cognitive performance.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is important for consumers to critically evaluate marketing claims and seek evidence-based information from reliable sources when considering the use of these products.

Regulatory agencies oversee the safety and labeling of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE)-containing products to ensure compliance with regulations.
Manufacturers are responsible for conducting safety assessments, adhering to labeling requirements, and providing accurate information to consumers.
Regulatory oversight helps safeguard public health and prevent misleading claims or unsafe practices in the marketplace.

Educational resources, such as scientific literature, reputable websites, and healthcare professionals, can provide valuable information about 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) and its potential effects.
Consumers and healthcare providers can use these resources to make informed decisions about its use, weighing potential benefits against risks and considering individual health needs and preferences.

Choline is involved in a series of reactions that form acetylcholine, a chemical that is found in the brain and other areas of the body.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a "neurotransmitter" that helps nerve cells communicate.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Alzheimer disease, autism, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
The exact mass of the compound 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is 89.0841 and the complexity rating of the compound is unknown.
The solubility of this chemical has been described as greater than or equal to 100 mg/ml at 73° f (ntp, 1992)11.22 mmiscible with watermiscible with alcohol, ethermiscible with acetone, benzene1000 mg/mlsolubility in water: miscible.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been submitted to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for testing and evaluation and the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center (NSC) number is 2652.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) belongs to the ontological category of tertiary amine in the ChEBI Ontology tree.
The United Nations designated GHS hazard class pictogram is Flammable;Corrosive;Irritant, and the GHS signal word is DangerThe storage condition is described as Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) use and application categories indicated by third-party sources: Fire Hazards -> Corrosives, Flammable - 2nd degree.
However, this does not mean 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can be used or applied in the same or a similar way.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been studied for its potential biological effects, including its interaction with neurotransmitter systems in the brain.

Uses:
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used as corrosion inhibitor, anti-scaling agent, paint additive, coating additive and solids separation agent.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is also used as an intermediate for active pharmaceutical ingredients and dyes.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) serves as a curing agent for polyurethanes and epoxy resins.

Further, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used as an additive to boiler water.
In addition to this, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used therapeutically as a CNS stimulant.
MEA is also known as 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE).

Studies indicate skin-firming properties, and an ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles as well as dark circles under the eyes.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is considered anti-aging, and antiinflammatory, and has exhibited free-radical scavenging activity.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may be employed as a ligand in the copper-catalyzed amination of aryl bromides and iodides.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used as a chemical intermediate for antihistamines and local anesthetics; as a catalyst for curing epoxy resins and polyurethanes; and as a pH control agent for boiler water treatment.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may be used as a ligand in the copper-catalyzed amination of aryl bromides and iodides.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals, coating products, polymers, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, lubricants and greases and adhesives and sealants.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in the following areas: building & construction work, offshore mining and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement) and metals.
Other release to the environment of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in the following products: polymers, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and inks and toners.
Release to the environment of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, manufacturing of the substance, formulation in materials, in the production of articles and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in the following products: polymers, coating products and paper chemicals and dyes.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and building & construction work.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products, fabricated metal products, machinery and vehicles and plastic products.

Release to the environment of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in the production of articles, formulation in materials, for thermoplastic manufacture and as processing aid.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a precursor to other chemicals, such as the nitrogen mustard 2-dimethylaminoethyl chloride.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in gas purification.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is bitartrate salt is sold as a dietary supplement.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) has been also used as an ingredient in skin care.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in Mood-enhancing products.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is utilized in organic synthesis reactions due to its amine functionality, contributing to the formation of complex molecules.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is employed as a component in corrosion inhibitor formulations, particularly in industries where metal corrosion poses a significant challenge.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) helps mitigate corrosion by forming a protective layer on metal surfaces, thereby extending the lifespan of equipment and infrastructure.

In certain chemical reactions, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can function as a catalyst, accelerating the rate of reaction without being consumed in the process.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) facilitates the conversion of reactants into desired products and may enhance reaction efficiency in various industrial processes.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is incorporated into cosmetic formulations, including skin care products, hair care products, and toiletries.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can serve multiple functions in these formulations, such as adjusting pH, emulsifying ingredients, and providing moisturizing or conditioning effects.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is a common ingredient in some dietary supplements marketed for cognitive enhancement or brain health.
These supplements often claim to support memory, focus, and mental clarity, although scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited and controversial.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various health conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairments.
Research explores its mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential benefits as a treatment adjunct or therapeutic agent.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can be used as an additive in polymer formulations to impart desired properties, such as enhanced flexibility, adhesion, or resistance to degradation.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may improve the performance of polymeric materials in applications ranging from adhesives and coatings to plastics and composites.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) serves as a solvent or co-solvent, facilitating the dissolution of substances and aiding in the production of formulations or chemical mixtures.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is solvent properties make it valuable in applications such as cleaning, degreasing, and extraction processes.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can act as a surfactant, lowering the surface tension between two substances and promoting their mixing or dispersion.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) finds application in formulations such as detergents, emulsifiers, foaming agents, and dispersants in various industrial and household products.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may be used as a dyeing assistant, leveling agent, or softening agent to improve the processing and quality of textile materials.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can enhance dye uptake, uniformity of coloration, and fabric handle, contributing to the production of high-quality textiles.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is utilized in gas treatment processes, particularly in the removal of acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from natural gas and biogas streams.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can react with acidic components to form stable salts or complexes, thereby purifying the gas for various industrial applications.

In the printing industry, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may be incorporated into ink formulations as a solvent or additive to enhance print quality, adhesion, and drying characteristics.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can help optimize ink performance and improve the printing process in applications such as offset printing, flexography, and gravure printing.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is sometimes added to metalworking fluids, such as cutting oils and coolants, to improve lubricity, thermal stability, and corrosion protection during machining, grinding, and metal forming operations.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) enhances tool life, surface finish, and overall machining efficiency in metalworking processes.
In photographic applications, Deanol may be used in the formulation of developers, fixing agents, and other processing chemicals.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) plays a role in the development and stabilization of photographic images, contributing to the production of high-quality prints in traditional and digital photography.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can serve as a catalyst or blowing agent in the production of polyurethane foams.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) promotes the polymerization reaction and facilitates the formation of cellular structures, leading to the production of flexible or rigid foams with desired properties such as density, resilience, and thermal insulation.
In water treatment and detergent formulations, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may act as a sequestering agent or chelating agent, binding to metal ions and preventing their precipitation or interference with chemical processes.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) helps improve water quality, prevent scale formation, and enhance the performance of cleaning products.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used in the synthesis of synthetic resins, including epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, and acrylic resins.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) contributes to the polymerization process, crosslinking reactions, or resin modification, leading to the production of resins with specific properties suitable for coatings, adhesives, and composite materials.

In coatings and paint formulations, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may be employed as a coalescing agent or viscosity modifier in waterborne systems.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) aids in film formation, film integrity, and flow properties, allowing for the production of environmentally friendly coatings with excellent performance and durability.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can be utilized in wood preservation treatments to enhance the resistance of timber and wood products against decay, fungi, and insects.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) penetrates wood fibers, inhibits microbial growth, and prolongs the service life of wood structures in outdoor or humid environments.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) may have additional applications in diverse industries, including adhesives, sealants, lubricants, agricultural chemicals, and electronic materials.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is multifunctional properties and compatibility with various substrates make it valuable in addressing specific performance requirements across different industrial sectors.

2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) serves as a precursor or intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals.
However, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) in the salt form, (i.e. dimethylaminoethanol acetamidobenzoate) is primarily utilized therapeutically as an antidepressant.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is used as an aid for dispersing color pigments in water-based paints .

Furthermore, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is required as an intermediate product or starting material for the production of dyes , emulsifiers , corrosion inhibitors , textile auxiliaries, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals .
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is said to have a variety of positive effects, including nootropic effects , but there is a lack of clear evidence for this.
One author reports increased lucid dreams after using 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE).

Health Hazard Of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE):
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) is classified as a mild skin irritant and a severe eye irritant.
Doses as high as 1200 mg daily produce no serious side effects and a single dose of 2500 mg taken in a suicide attempt had no adverse effects.
Inhalation of the vapor or mist can cause irritation to the upper respiratory tract.

Asthmatic symptoms have been reported.
Extremely irritating; may cause permanent eye injury. Corrosive; will cause severe skin damage with burns and blistering.
Ingestion may cause damage to the mucous membranes and gastrointestinal tract.

Safety Profile Of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE):
Moderately toxic by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes.
Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidzing materials.
Ignites spontaneously in contact with cellulose nitrate of high surface area.

To fight fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry chemical.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) causes increased blood pressure.
2-(dimethylamino)ethanol (DMAE) can cause stomach upset, headaches & muscle tension.

Can lead to drowsiness, confusion and irritability.
A skin and severe eye irritant.
Used medically as a central nervous system stimulant.
2-(DODECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIO)ACETATE
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild surfactant commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos and shower gels, known for its skin and hair conditioning properties.
Derived from vegetables and first discovered as an extract of sugar beets, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate creates a rich lather that improves the quality and stability of foam, making it easier to cut through oil and dirt.
Unlike sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is considered safer and gentler, nourishing the skin and hair while also acting as an effective cleansing and conditioning agent.

CAS Number: 683-10-3
EC Number: 211-669-5
Molecular Formula: C16H33NO2
Molecular Weight: 271.44

Synonyms: 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate, 683-10-3, Lauryl betaine, Dodecylbetaine, Laurylbetain, Lauryl-N-betaine, Lauryldimethylbetaine, N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylbetaine, (Carboxylatomethyl)dodecyldimethylammonium, UNII-Y4P927Q133, Lauryl dimethyl glycine, 1-Dodecanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, inner salt, N-DODECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLGLYCINATE, C16H33NO2, Y4P927Q133, Culveram cdg, Anfoterico LB, Obazoline LB, Desimex I, Genagen LAB, Product DDN, Bister ML, Nissan Anon BL, Amipol 6S, Empigen BB/L, Amphitol 20BS, Amphitol 24B, Anon BL, Rewoteric AM-DML, Ambiteric D 40, Anhitol 24B, Dimethyllaurylbetaine, Dodecyldimethylbetaine, Anon BL-SF, Betadet DM 20, Nissan Anon BL-SF, Rikabion A 100, Swanol AM 301, Lauryl-N-methylsarcosine, Rewoteric AM-DML 35, Lauryldimethylammonioacetate, N,N-Dimethyldodecylbetaine, C12BET, BS 12 (betaine surfactant), (Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate, N,N-Dimethyl-N-dodecylglycine, Lauryldimethylaminoacetic betaine, (Dodecyldimethylammonio)ethanoate, Betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate, Dimethyllaurylaminoacetate betaine, BS 12, EINECS 211-669-5, N-Lauryl-N,N-dimethyl-alpha-betaine, 2-[dodecyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]acetate, Glycine, dodecyldimethylbetaine (6CI), BRN 3670807, N,n-Dimethyl-N-laurylglycine inner salt, alpha-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)-omega-acetate, DSSTox_CID_21266, DSSTox_RID_82033, DSSTox_GSID_46978, (Lauryldimethylammonio)Acetate, SCHEMBL594518, CHEMBL1232088, DTXSID6041266, N-Carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-dodecanaminium inner salt, [dodecyl(dimethyl)ammonio]acetate, (Carboxymethyl)dodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt, 2-(dodecyldimethylazaniumyl)acetate, N-(Carboxymethyl)-N-lauryldimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt, Tox21_301433, 0534AC, MFCD00084742, 1-Dodecanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, AKOS016010279, CS-W010094, DB07631, NCGC00256099-01, CAS-66455-29-6, FT-0670748, V1522, EN300-41676, (Lauryldimethylammonio)acetate, >=95% (HPLC), N-(Alkyl C10-C16)-N,N-dimethylglycine betaine, EMPIGEN(R) BB detergent, ~30% active substance, W-109593, Q27096852, EMPIGEN(R) BB detergent, ~35% active substance in H2O, UNII-03DH2IZ3FY component DVEKCXOJTLDBFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N, N,N-Dimethyl-N-dodecylglycine betaine, 30% active substance in H2O, Ammonium, (carboxymethyl)dodecyldimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt (7CI,8CI)

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild ingredient and has skin and hair conditioning properties, this makes it an excellent ingredient to use in products. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a hair and skin conditioner, a mild surface-active agent (surfactant) and works well in shampoo, shower gel or any cleansing product.

Surfactants are part water-soluble and part oil-soluble, allowing the oil and water to become dispersed.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate also assists in creating a rich lather, improving the quality and stability of foam making it easier for it to cut through oil and dirt.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a clear or light-yellow liquid which is derived from vegetables. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate was first discovered when it was extracted from sugar beet.

In chemical terms, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a zwitterion, or an inner salt. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has the molecular formula C16H33ClNNaO2 and is known by several other names including laurylbetain, lauryldimethyl betaine, lauryldimethylbetaine and sodium dodecyldimethylbetaine. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetates CAS number is 683-10-3.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is usually used as a surface agent, or surfactant. 
Surfactants are compounds which are used in many personal body care products as they lower the surface tension between two liquids or between a liquid and a solid, allowing you to wash away dirt, makeup, pollution, skin oils and fats from your skin.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate helps separate grease from water, making it useful in shampoos and soaps.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate’s often used as a surfactant in organic and natural cosmetics such as shampoo, shower gel and skin cleansers as it’s considered more natural and gentle than some other surfactants.

Many natural cosmetics companies add 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate to their products as an alternative to one particular surfactant called sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS).

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate dissolves easily in water or oil and helps create a rich lather that makes it easier for products to cut through oil and dirt, while leaving skin soft.
Derived from vegetables, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a clear or pale yellow liquid used that was first discovered as an extract of sugar beets. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate's a mild surfactant that is commonly considered a hair and skin conditioner.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a clear or light-yellow liquid which is derived from vegetables. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate’s often used as a surfactant in organic, natural, vegan, zero-waste or plastic-free cosmetics such as shampoo, shower gel and skin cleansers.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has Antistatic, Surfactant, Hair conditioning, Skin conditioning, Cleansing properties.

Unlike SLS, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is considered to be much safer, gentler, and can actually help nourish the skin and hair instead of stripping away the goodness.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an excellent viscosity builder and gelling agent. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has hard water tolerance permits equally good foaming in hard and soft water. 

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is stable in high-electrolyte solutions and will help solubilize other surfactants into these systems. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is also stable in acidic and alkaline conditions, functioning as cationic in acid media and as anionic in alkaline.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild amphoteric surfactant and is compatible with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has skin and hair conditioning properties, and creates excellent, stable foam. 
Derived from vegetables, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a clear or pale yellow liquid that dissolves easily in water or oil, and helps create a rich lather that makes it easier for products to cut through oil and dirt.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a surfactant used in cleaning and personal care products for its ability to clean soils, as well as thicken cleaning formulas and stabilize foam.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate as an amphoteric surfactant carries both positive and negative charges and should be able to generate stable foam through electrostatic interaction with nanoparticles and co-surfactants.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is anti-static, hair conditioning, skin conditioning, surfactant, cleansing agent, and foam booster.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild ingredient and has skin and hair conditioning properties, this makes it an excellent ingredient to use in personal care products.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a hair and skin conditioner, a mild surface-active agent (surfactant) and works well in shampoo, shower gel or any cleansing product.

Derived from vegetables, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a clear or pale yellow liquid that was first discovered as an extract of sugar beets. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild surface-active agent (or surfactant) that is commonly considered a hair and skin conditioner.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate, derived from vegetables, is a clear or pale yellow liquid that was first discovered as a sugar beet extract. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild surfactant (or surfactant) commonly considered a hair and skin conditioner.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild ingredient and has skin and hair conditioning properties, making it an excellent ingredient to use in products. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a hair and skin conditioner, a mild surfactant (surfactant) that works well with shampoo, shower gel, or any cleanser.

Surfactants are partly soluble in water and partly in oil, which allows the oil and water to disperse. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate also helps create a thick foam by improving the quality and stability of the foam, making it easier to pass through oil and dirt.

Surfactants help cleanse your skin and hair by mixing water with oil and dirt so 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can be washed off. 
In this respect, they act as detergents (soaps) and are therefore found in bath products, skin cleansers, and hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners and sprays.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate contains lauryl alcohol (1-dodecanol) as an alcoholic component.
Betaines are organic compounds (amphoteric surfactants) that have both a positive and a negative charge in their molecular structure; are therefore uncharged on the outside.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a mild amphoteric surfactant and is compatible with anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has skin and hair conditioning properties, and creates excellent, stable foam.
Derived from vegetables, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a clear or pale yellow liquid that dissolves easily in water or oil, and helps create a rich lather that makes 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate easier for products to cut through oil and dirt.

Amphoteric surfactants have dual functional groups (both acidic and basic groups) in the same molecule. 
They are polar solvents that have a high solubility in water but a poor solubility in most organic solvents.

They are electrically neutral but carries positive and negative charges on different atoms in an aqueous solution. 
Depending on the composition and conditions of pH value, the substances can have anionic or cationic properties. 

In the presence of acids, they will accept the hydrogen ions but they will donate hydrogen ions to the solution in the presence of bases, which balances the pH.
Such actions make buffer solutions which resist change to the pH. 

In the detergency ability amphoteric surfactants which change their charge according to the pH of the solution affects properties of foaming, wetting and detergentcy through a surface action that exerts both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. 
In biochemistry amphoteric surfactant is used as a detergent for purifying, cleansing and antimicrobial effects. 
Alkylbetains and aminoxides are amphoteric surfactants.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has several functions, most often it is:
An antistatic agent, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetates role is to avoid and / or reduce static electricity.
A skin care agent, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetates role is to keep the skin in good condition.

A cleansing agent, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetates role is to clean the skin or hair.
A hair conditioner, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetates role is to improve the appearance and feel of the hair, leaving the hair easy to comb, supple, soft and shiny and / or giving volume, light, shine, texture, etc.
A surfactant, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetates role is to help other ingredients, which normally do not mix, to dissolve or disperse into each other in order to evenly distribute the product during its use.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is component enabling the formation of an emulsion. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a physicochemical form that is created by combining (mixing) the water phase with the oil phase. 

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is examples of cosmetic emulsions are creams, lotions, lotions. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is foaming substance, stabilizing and improving the quality of foam in a mixture with anionic surfactants. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate acts as a rheology modifier (i.e. improves the consistency causing an increase in viscosity) in washing preparations containing anionic surfactants, thanks to the formation of the so-called mixed micelles. 

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate soothes the possible irritating effects of anionic surfactants on the skin. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has an antistatic effect on the hair, prevents static.

Thanks to this, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate conditions, i.e. softens and smoothes the hair. 
The moisturizing substance facilitates the contact of the cleaned surface with the washing solution, which facilitates the removal of impurities from the surface of the skin and hair.
A washing substance, removes impurities from the surface of the hair and skin.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate works well in shampoos and conditioners, shower gels and other cleansing products.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has anti-static properties.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a superb viscosity builder and rheological modifier.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is able to withstand high water hardness and allows equally good foaming in both hard and soft water formulations.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is stable in high-electrolyte solutions and functions as solubilizer for other surfactants into these formulations.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate made from vegetable sources.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is environmentally safe.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has good washing and foaming effect. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is able to be widely used as surfactants with good compatibility.

Laury dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine (Carboxylatomethyl)dodecyldimethylammonium is an important raw material for shampoo, shower gel, soap, detergent and some other chemical products.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has a good soft, antistatic, dispersion, disinfection abilities. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate could be utilized as fiber, fabric softener, blending wool rinsing agent commodities.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can be used to manufacture personal washing products, such as shampoo, bubble bath, facial cleanser, etc.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is especially suitable for application in baby shampoo, baby bubble bath and baby skin care products. 
In hair and skin care formulations 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an excellent soft conditioner.

Uses of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is widely used in middle and high grade shampoos and body washes.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is the main ingredient for preparing mild baby shampoos, baby foam baths, and baby skin care products.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an excellent soft conditioner in hair care and skin care formulations.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can also be used as a detergent, Wetting agent, thickener, antistatic agent and bactericide, etc.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an amphoteric surfactant derived from N-dodecyl-N,N-dialkanol amine with protein denaturing potency. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is mainly used in shampoo, personal hygiene products and oil field chemicals.

Antistatic:
Reduces static electricity by neutralizing electrical charge on a surface.

Cleaning Agent:
Helps keep a clean surface.

Hair conditioner:
Leaves hair manageable, supple, soft and shiny and / or confers volume, lightness and shine.

Skin care agent:
Keeps the skin in good condition.

Surfactant:
Reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the uniform distribution of the product during its use.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an amphoteric surfactant derived from N-dodecyl-N,N-dialkanol amine with protein denaturing potency. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is mainly used in shampoo, personal hygiene products and oil field chemicals

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a skin-conditioning agent. 
In hair care, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is used as an anti-static conditioning agent and a foam booster.

Cosmetic use:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is low irritation to skin and eye with high foam ability and good foam stability. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is good stability in hard water. 

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is no dry tact after shampooing. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is good compatibility with other surfactants.

Applications of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is foaming agent, foam stabilizing agent.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is thickening agent.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is antistatic agent.

Personal care products:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is conditioning agent, antistatic agent, cleansing agent, foam boosting agent, viscosity controlling agent in personal care products.

Textile:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is antistatic agent, softening agent in textile, leather, fiber.

Household detergents:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is thickening agent, foaming agent, foam stabilizing agent in household cleaning.

Industrial cleaning:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is thickening agent, foaming agent, foam stabilizing agent in industrial cleaning, vehicle cleaning.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is used for Hair dye, Hair cleansing, Skin cleansing and other conditions.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is widely used in middle and high grade shampoos and body washes.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is the main ingredient for preparing mild baby shampoos, baby foam baths, and baby skin care products.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an excellent soft conditioner in hair care and skin care formulations.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can also be used as a detergent, Wetting agent, thickener, antistatic agent and bactericide, etc.

Characteristics of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is good compatibility with anionic, cationic, nonionic and other amphoteric surfactants.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has good softness, rich and stable foam.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has perfect decontamination, conditioning, antistatic performance, good adjustment of viscosity.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate retains stable within a wide range of pH values, and low irritation to skin and eye.
Added in shampoo, 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is matched with other active matter, and brings forth obvious conditioning and thickening effects.

Other Characteristics: 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has excellent emulsifying, dispersing, foaming, foam stabilizing, antistatic, solubilizing, wetting, permeating abilities. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has mild surfactant. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can reduce the irritation of the other surfactants. 

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has resistance to hard water. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has excellent compatibility.

Benefits of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:

Mildness:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is less irritating compared to other surfactants, making it suitable for use in products for sensitive skin and baby products.

Compatibility:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate works well with anionic, nonionic, and cationic surfactants, allowing for flexible formulation options.

Biodegradability:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is biodegradable, making it an environmentally friendly choice.

Features of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has resistant, high temperature, in the 240-320g lye rapid wetting and penetration.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can enhance the luster of the long-lasting fabric.

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate can be used as a penetrant for other strong alkali media.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a gentle surfactant, nourishes the skin and hair, so 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is an effective component of shampoos, shower gels and any skin cleansing products. 

2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate improves the quality and stability of the foam. 
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is mainly used in shampoos, personal care products and shower gels.

Safety profile of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is a safe ingredient for both skin and hair.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate has a low risk of skin irritation and is non-comedogenic, meaning it does not clog pores or cause acne.

While any side effects and allergic reactions are rare, a patch test is recommended for sensitive skin.
2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate is also free from parabens and is suitable for vegans and those following a halal lifestyle.

Identifiers of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
CAS Number: 683-10-3
Chem/IUPAC Name: (Carboxylatomethyl)dodecyldimethylammonium
EINECS/ELINCS No: 211-669-5
COSING REF No: 34954

IUPAC Name: N-Dodecyl-N,N-dimethylglycine
CAS Number: 683-10-3
Molecular Formula: C16H33NO2
Molecular Weight: 271.44 g/mol
SMILES Notation: CCCCCCCCCCCCN+(C)CC(=O)[O-]

Properties of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Mild characteristic odor
Molecular Weight: 271.44 g/mol
Solubility: Soluble in water
pH (10% aqueous solution): Typically ranges from 5.0 to 7.0
Boiling Point: >100°C (212°F) (decomposes)
Melting Point: N/A (liquid at room temperature)
Density: Approx. 1.05 g/cm³ at 25°C

Specifications of 2-(Dodecyldimethylammonio)acetate:
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Mild characteristic odor
Active Content: 28-32%
pH (10% solution): 5.0 - 7.0
Color (Gardner Scale): Max 5
Density: 1.05 - 1.10 g/cm³ at 25°C
Free Amine Content: Max 0.5%
Sodium Chloride: Max 6.0%
Molecular Weight: 271.44 g/mol
Molecular Formula: C16H33NO2

Microbiological Specifications:
Total Plate Count: Max 100 CFU/g
Yeast and Mold: Max 10 CFU/g
Pathogens: Negative for E. coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus
2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a highly effective rubber accelerator used in the vulcanization process to enhance the properties of rubber products.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is known for its ability to improve the elasticity, tensile strength, and heat resistance of rubber, making it suitable for various industrial applications.
The chemical formula for 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is C11H12N2OS2, and it is widely utilized across multiple industries for its efficient performance in rubber manufacturing.

CAS Number: 102-77-2
EC Number: 203-049-8

Synonyms: Morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole, MBS, Accelerator NOBS, 2-(Morpholinodithio)benzothiazole, 2-(4-Morpholinylthio)-benzothiazole, MBT, N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, Vulcanization Accelerator NOBS, 2-Morpholinothio-benzothiazole, 2-Morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole



APPLICATIONS


2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is extensively used as an accelerator in the vulcanization of natural and synthetic rubbers.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is particularly favored in the production of tires, providing excellent scorch safety and improved curing speed.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the manufacturing of industrial rubber products such as hoses, belts, and seals, enhancing their durability and performance.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is widely used in the production of automotive rubber components, including gaskets, weatherstrips, and vibration dampening products, ensuring optimal performance.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the formulation of rubber compounds for footwear, providing superior flexibility, wear resistance, and comfort.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is essential in the rubber industry for the production of conveyor belts, improving their tensile strength and longevity.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the creation of rubberized fabrics, offering improved elasticity and durability for industrial and consumer applications.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a key component in the manufacture of rubber-based adhesives and sealants, contributing to their strong bonding capabilities and long-term performance.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the formulation of specialty rubber compounds used in high-performance applications, ensuring consistent quality and durability.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is applied in the production of rubber products for the construction industry, such as rubber mats and protective coatings, enhancing their resistance to environmental factors.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the production of rubber sheets and films, improving their flexibility, tear resistance, and tensile strength.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the manufacturing of rubber insulation materials, providing enhanced thermal stability and resistance to aging.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is found in the production of rubber seals and O-rings, ensuring their durability and resistance to harsh environmental conditions.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the automotive industry for the production of high-performance rubber hoses, contributing to their heat resistance and long service life.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the formulation of rubber compounds for anti-vibration products, offering excellent shock absorption and resilience.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the production of specialty rubber compounds for the aerospace industry, ensuring high performance under extreme conditions.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the manufacturing of rubber components for marine applications, providing resistance to saltwater corrosion and UV exposure.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is found in the production of rubber grommets and bushings, enhancing their flexibility, wear resistance, and long-term performance.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the creation of rubber linings for industrial equipment, offering enhanced resistance to abrasion and chemical exposure.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the production of rubber components for mining applications, providing superior durability, impact resistance, and longevity.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the formulation of rubber compounds for high-pressure hydraulic seals, ensuring their long-term stability and performance under demanding conditions.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the production of rubber profiles for construction joints, providing enhanced sealing properties and durability.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the manufacturing of rubber components for railway applications, contributing to their wear resistance and durability under heavy loads.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the production of rubber components for oil and gas exploration, ensuring their performance and resistance to high-pressure environments.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is found in the formulation of rubber compounds for industrial rollers, offering improved wear resistance, load-bearing capacity, and longevity.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the creation of specialty rubber compounds for high-temperature applications, ensuring their stability and performance in extreme conditions.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a key component in the production of rubber components for heavy machinery, enhancing their durability and resistance to harsh environments.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the production of rubber components for industrial valves, offering improved sealing properties, chemical resistance, and long-term reliability.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the formulation of rubber compounds for electrical insulation, ensuring their stability, safety, and long-term performance.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the production of rubber belts and drive systems, enhancing their flexibility, load-bearing capacity, and service life.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is found in the manufacturing of rubber components for the food and beverage industry, ensuring compliance with safety standards and long-term durability.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the formulation of rubber compounds for medical applications, offering biocompatibility, sterilizability, and performance under stringent conditions.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is employed in the creation of rubber linings for storage tanks, providing resistance to chemical corrosion and long-term durability.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is utilized in the production of rubber components for agricultural machinery, offering durability, resistance to wear, and performance in demanding conditions.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is used in the formulation of rubber compounds for high-performance automotive parts, providing enhanced heat resistance, wear resistance, and overall performance.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a key ingredient in the production of rubber components for the electronics industry, ensuring their stability, durability, and long-term performance.



DESCRIPTION


2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a highly effective rubber accelerator used in the vulcanization process to enhance the properties of rubber products.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is known for its ability to improve the elasticity, tensile strength, and heat resistance of rubber, making it suitable for various industrial applications.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a versatile chemical compound used in various rubber applications.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole provides excellent scorch safety, allowing for extended processing times without compromising the quality of the final product.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is essential in the production of high-performance rubber products, contributing to their strength, resilience, and resistance to wear.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is widely used in the automotive industry, where it enhances the performance and durability of rubber components.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is also employed in the manufacturing of industrial rubber products, including hoses, seals, and gaskets, ensuring their long-term reliability and performance.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a critical accelerator in the vulcanization process, providing optimal curing and improving the overall quality of rubber compounds.

2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is recognized for its stability, effectiveness, and versatility in a wide range of rubber applications, from automotive components to industrial products.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is essential in the formulation of specialty rubber compounds, providing consistent performance and long-term reliability.
2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is a key ingredient in the production of rubber materials used in demanding environments, ensuring their resistance to extreme conditions and prolonged use.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C11H12N2OS2
Common Name: 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole
Molecular Structure:
Appearance: Light yellow powder
Density: 1.38 g/cm³
Melting Point: 83-86°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in benzene, chloroform, and acetone
Flash Point: 230°C
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; decomposes at high temperatures
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Storage Temperature: Store below 25°C in a dry, well-ventilated area
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature



FIRST AID


Inhalation:
If 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole is inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.

Skin Contact:
Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with soap and water.
If skin irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.
Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.

Eye Contact:
Flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.

Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote.
Provide supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is insufficient or if exposure limits are exceeded.

Ventilation:
Ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to control airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.
Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to minimize exposure.

Avoidance:
Avoid direct skin contact and inhalation of dust or vapors.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Contain spills to prevent further release and minimize exposure.
Avoid generating dust. Sweep up and collect the material for disposal in a sealed container.

Storage:
Store 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see SDS for specific details).
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination.
Store away from heat sources, direct sunlight, and ignition sources.

Handling Cautions:
Avoid generating dust or aerosols.
Ground and bond containers during transfer operations to prevent static electricity buildup.
Use explosion-proof electrical equipment in areas where dust or vapors may be present.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole at temperatures recommended by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

Containers:
Use approved containers made of compatible materials.
Check for leaks or damage in storage containers regularly.

Separation:
Store 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.

Handling Equipment:
Use dedicated equipment for handling 2-(Morpholinothio)-Benzothiazole to avoid cross-contamination.
Ensure all handling equipment is in good condition.

Security Measures:
Restrict access to storage areas.
Follow all applicable local regulations regarding the storage of hazardous materials.

Emergency Response:
Have emergency response equipment and materials readily available, including spill cleanup materials, fire extinguishers, and emergency eyewash stations.
2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE
DESCRIPTION:
2-(Morpholinothio)-benzothiazole is used as a chemical in the rubber industry, especially in the production of synthetic rubber articles.
2-(Morpholinothio)-benzothiazole Is contained in the "mercapto mix".
As a corrosion inhibitor, 2-(Morpholinothio)-benzothiazole can be found in cutting fluids or in releasing fluids in the pottery industry.



CAS No. 102-77-2
European Community (EC) Number 203-052-4
Chemical Name: 2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole
Molecular Formula C11H12N2OS2






SYNONYMS OF 2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE:
MBS;OBS;NOBS;MORPHOLINOTHIOBENZOTHIAZOLE;OBTS;OMTS;Santocure MOR;N-Oxydiethyl-2-benzthiazolsulfenamid;Rubber Accelerator NOBS/N-Oxydiethylent-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide;AMAX,MMBT,morpholinyl mercaptobenzothiazole,morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole,N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide,OBTS,102-77-2,2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole,4-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylthio)morpholine,Sulfenamide M,Morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole,MOR,Sulfenax MOR,Vulcafor BSM,Vulkacit MOZ,NOBS Special,Usaf cy-7,AMAX,Accel NS,4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)morpholine,Meramide M,2-(4-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole,Delac MOR,Morpholine, 4-(2-benzothiazolylthio)-,2-(4-Morpholinylthio)benzothiazole,N-Oxydiethylenebenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,2-(4-Morpholinylmercapto)benzothiazole,N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide,4-(2-Benzothiazolylthio)morpholine,2-Benzothiazolesulfenemorpholide,N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,Benzothiazolyl-2-sulfenmorpholide,Benzothiazole, 2-(4-morpholinylthio)-,2-(4-Morpholino)thiobenzothiazole,2-Benzothiazolylsulfenyl morpholine,2-Morpholinothiobenzothiazole,BENZOTHIAZOLE, 2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-,2-Benzothiazolyl N-morpholino sulfide,-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazylsulfenamide,2-Benzothiazolylsulfenylmorpholine,2-Benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-morpholinyl-,N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide,N-(Oxodiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,N,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide,NSC 70078,N,N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,2-(morpholin-4-ylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole,NSC-70078,VCD7623F3K,(2-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole,DTXSID0021096,Morpholinylmercapto-benzo-thiazole,NSC70078,NCGC00042523-02,NCGC00042523-03,2-(morpholin-4-ylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,Vulcafor SSM,N,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,Cure-rite OBTS,DTXCID201096,Meramid M,CAS-102-77-2,CCRIS 4911,HSDB 2867,EINECS 203-052-4,BRN 0191684,UNII-VCD7623F3K,AI3-27134,Accelerator NC,2-(Morpholinthio)-benzothiazole,4-(2-Benzothiazolylthio)-morpholine,NOBS,OBTS,2-(4-Morpholino)thiobenzothiazole [HSDB],EC 203-052-4,NCIOpen2_003384,SCHEMBL79658,4-27-00-01868 (Beilstein Handbook Reference),MLS000055410,CHEMBL1530581,MHKLKWCYGIBEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-,2-morpholinosulphenyl-benzothiazole,HMS1760H22,HMS2163A20,HMS3323A19,2-(4-morpholinothio)-benzothiazole,4-(2-benzothiazolylthio)-morpholin,Tox21_110976,2-morpholin-4-ylsulfanylbenzothiazole,MFCD00022870,2-Benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-morphol,AKOS001025507,Tox21_110976_1,DB14202,2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE,WLN: T56 BN DSJ CS-AT6N DOTJ,BS-42257,N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,SMR000066103,2-(4-Morpholinylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole,HY-139432,CS-0201154,M0532,NS00004147,E78169,2-(4-Morpholinylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole #,EN300-1726082,A896704,Q-200146,BRD-K97360717-001-07-6,Q27291760,Z56821717,InChI=1/C11H12N2OS2/c1-2-4-10-9(3-1)12-11(15-10)16-13-5-7-14-8-6,13/h1-4H,5-8H2,4-(2-Benzothiazolylthio)morpholine,(2-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole,102-77-2 [RN],2-(4-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole,2-(4-Morpholinylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name],2-(4-Morpholinylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole [ACD/IUPAC Name],2-(4-Morpholinylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name],2-(4-Morpholinylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole,2-(Morpholin-4-ylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole,2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE,203-052-4 [EINECS],2-Morpholinothiobenzothiazole,Benzothiazole, 2- (morpholinothio)-,Benzothiazole, 2-(4-morpholinylthio)- [ACD/Index Name],Morpholine, 4- (2-benzothiazolylthio)-,MORPHOLINYLMERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE,[102-77-2] [RN],108251-60-1 [RN],2-(4-Morpholino)thiobenzothiazole,2-(4-Morpholinothio)-benzothiazole,2-(4,Morpholinylmercapto)benzothiazole,2-(4-Morpholinylthio)benzothiazole,2-(morpholin-4-ylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole,2-(morpholinothio)-1,3-benzothiazole,2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole,2-(Morpholinthio)-benzothiazole,2-Benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-morphol,2-Benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-morpholinyl-,2-Benzothiazolesulfenemorpholide,2-Benzothiazolyl N-morpholino sulfide,2-benzothiazolyl-n-morpholinosulfide,2-Benzothiazolylsulfenyl morpholine,2-Benzothiazolylsulfenylmorpholine,2-morpholin-4-ylsulfanyl-1,3-benzothiazole,2-morpholin-4-ylthiobenzothiazole,2-morpholinosulfanyl-1,3-benzothiazole,2-thiophenecarboxylic,acid hydrazide,31440-29-6 [RN],35309-99-0 [RN],4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)morpholine,4-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylthio)morpholine,40860-79-5 [RN],4-27-00-01868 (Beilstein Handbook Reference) [Beilstein],97%,Accel NS,Accelerator NC,AMAX,Benzothiazole, 2-(morpholinothio)-,benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide, N-(oxydiethylene)-,Benzothiazolyl-2-sulfenmorpholide,Cure-rite OBTS,Delac MOR,DL5950000,EINECS 203-052-4,MBS,Meramide M,Morpholine, 4-(2-benzothiazolylthio)-,N-(Oxodiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazylsulfenamide,N, N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,N, N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide,N, N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,N,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide,N,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide,N,N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,Nobs special,N-Oxydienthylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide,N-Oxydiethyl-2-benzthiazolsulfenamid,N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide,N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide,N-Oxydiethylenebenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide,OBTS,Santocure MOR,Sulfenamide M,Sulfenax mob,Sulfenax MOR,T0507-2701,Vulcafor BSM,Vulcafor SSM,Vulkacit MOZ,WLN: T56 BN DSJ CS-AT6N DOTJ



2-(Morpholinothio)-benzothiazole induces mainly delayed-type hypersensitivity, but a case of immediate-type hypersensitivity was reported in a dental assistant.

Morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole is a Standardized Chemical Allergen.
The physiologic effect of morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity.




CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE:
Melting point 78-80°C
Boiling point 413.1±55.0 °C(Predicted)
Density 1.34-1.40
vapor pressure 0.001Pa at 25℃
refractive index 1.5650 (estimate)
storage temp. Sealed in dry,2-8°C
solubility Acetone (Slightly, Heated, Sonicated), Chloroform (Slightly)
form Solid
pka 1.05±0.10(Predicted)
color White to Pale Yellow
Odor buff to brn. flakes, sweet odor
LogP 3.4 at 25℃ and pH7
Dissociation constant -6.82-2.65 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference 102-77-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances N-(OXYDIETHYLENE)BENZOTHIAZOLE-2-SULFENAMIDE
FDA 21 CFR 177.2600
EWG's Food Scores 1-2
FDA UNII VCD7623F3K
NIST Chemistry Reference Morpholine, 4-(2-benzothiazolylthio)-(102-77-2)
EPA Substance Registry System Benzothiazole, 2-(4-morpholinylthio)- (102-77-2)
Molecular Weight
252.4 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3-AA
2.7
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
5
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
252.03910536 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
252.03910536 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
78.9Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
16
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
236
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Product Number M0532
Purity / Analysis Method >97.0%(GC)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight C11H12N2OS2 = 252.35
Physical State (20 deg.C) Solid
Storage Temperature Room Temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C)
CAS RN 102-77-2
Reaxys Registry Number 191684
PubChem Substance ID 87572568
MDL Number
MFCD00022870
CAS
102-77-2
Color
White-Yellow
MDL Number
MFCD00022870
UN Number
3077
InChI Key
MHKLKWCYGIBEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)morpholine
PubChem CID
7619
Percent Purity
≥97.0% (GC)
Chemical Name or Material
2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole
Melting Point
86°C
Molecular Formula
C11H12N2OS2
Quantity
25 g
Synonym
N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide
SMILES
C1COCCN1SC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3S2
Molecular Weight (g/mol)
252.35
Formula Weight
252.35
Physical Form
Crystalline Powder



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE)
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is an organic molecule that is widely used in scientific research.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been studied for its potential applications in a variety of areas, including organic synthesis, drug discovery, and biochemistry.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been found to possess a wide range of biological and chemical properties, making it an attractive compound for further research.

CAS: 102-77-2
MF: C11H12N2OS2
MW: 252.36
EINECS: 203-052-4

In this paper, the synthesis method, scientific research applications, mechanism of action, biochemical and physiological effects, advantages and limitations for lab experiments, and future directions for MTBT will be discussed.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is used as a chemical in the rubber industry, especially in the production of synthetic rubber articles.
Is contained in the "mercapto mix".
As a corrosion inhibitor, 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) can be found in cutting fluids or in releasing fluids in the pottery industry.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) induces mainly delayed-type hypersensitivity, but a case of immediate-type hypersensitivity was reported in a dental assistant.

2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 78-80°C
Boiling point: 413.1±55.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.34-1.40
Vapor pressure: 0.001Pa at 25℃
Refractive index: 1.5650 (estimate)
Storage temp.: Sealed in dry,2-8°C
Solubility: Acetone (Slightly, Heated, Sonicated), Chloroform (Slightly)
Form: Solid
pka: 1.05±0.10(Predicted)
Color: White to Pale Yellow
Odor: buff to brn. flakes, sweet odor
LogP: 3.4 at 25℃ and pH7
Dissociation constant: -6.82-2.65 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 102-77-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole)(102-77-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) (102-77-2)

Scientific Research Applications
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been studied for its potential applications in a variety of scientific research areas.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been used as a substrate for the synthesis of a variety of compounds, including drugs, polymers, and dyes.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has also been used as a reagent for the synthesis of organosulfur compounds and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers.
In addition, 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been used as a reagent for the synthesis of organic compounds, such as amines and alcohols.

Mechanism of Action
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been found to possess a wide range of biological and chemical properties.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole)'s mechanism of action is not yet fully understood, although it is believed to interact with proteins and enzymes in the body.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is believed to bind to specific proteins and enzymes, resulting in changes in their activity.
This may lead to changes in the body’s biochemical and physiological processes, resulting in a variety of effects.

Biochemical and Physiological Effects
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been found to possess a wide range of biochemical and physiological effects.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been found to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial properties.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has also been found to possess anti-cancer, anti-fungal, and anti-viral properties.
In addition, 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) has been found to possess neurotoxic effects, as well as effects on the cardiovascular and immune systems.

Advantages and Limitations for Lab Experiments
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is an attractive compound for use in laboratory experiments due to its wide range of biological and chemical properties.
2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is relatively easy to synthesize and can be used in a variety of experiments.
However, 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is important to note that 2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole is toxic and can be dangerous if not handled properly.
Additionally, 2-(morpholinothio)-benzothiazole) is important to note that 2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole is not approved for human or animal use and should only be used in laboratory experiments.

Synonyms
102-77-2
2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole
4-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylthio)morpholine
Sulfenamide M
Morpholinylmercaptobenzothiazole
Santocure MOR
Sulfenax MOR
Vulcafor BSM
Vulkacit MOZ
NOBS Special
Usaf cy-7
AMAX
Accel NS
4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)morpholine
Meramide M
2-(4-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole
Delac MOR
Morpholine, 4-(2-benzothiazolylthio)-
2-(4-Morpholinylthio)benzothiazole
2-(4-Morpholinylmercapto)benzothiazole
N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide
4-(2-Benzothiazolylthio)morpholine
N-Oxydiethylenebenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide
2-Benzothiazolesulfenemorpholide
N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide
Benzothiazolyl-2-sulfenmorpholide
Benzothiazole, 2-(4-morpholinylthio)-
2-(4-Morpholino)thiobenzothiazole
2-Benzothiazolylsulfenyl morpholine
2-Morpholinothiobenzothiazole
BENZOTHIAZOLE, 2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-
2-Benzothiazolyl N-morpholino sulfide
N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazylsulfenamide
2-Benzothiazolylsulfenylmorpholine
2-Benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-morpholinyl-
N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide
N-(Oxodiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide
N,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide
NSC 70078
N,N-(Oxydiethylene)benzothiazole-2-sulfenamide
NSC-70078
VCD7623F3K
(2-Morpholinothio)benzothiazole
DTXSID0021096
Morpholinylmercapto-benzo-thiazole
NSC70078
NCGC00042523-02
NCGC00042523-03
2-(morpholin-4-ylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole
N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide
Vulcafor SSM
2-(morpholin-4-ylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole
N,N-(Oxydiethylene)-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide
Cure-rite OBTS
DTXCID201096
Meramid M
CAS-102-77-2
CCRIS 4911
HSDB 2867
EINECS 203-052-4
BRN 0191684
UNII-VCD7623F3K
AI3-27134
Accelerator NC
2-(Morpholinthio)-benzothiazole
4-(2-Benzothiazolylthio)-morpholine
NOBS
OBTS
2-(4-Morpholino)thiobenzothiazole [HSDB]
EC 203-052-4
NCIOpen2_003384
SCHEMBL79658
4-27-00-01868 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS000055410
CHEMBL1530581
MHKLKWCYGIBEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-
2-morpholinosulphenyl-benzothiazole
HMS1760H22
HMS2163A20
HMS3323A19
2-(4-morpholinothio)-benzothiazole
4-(2-benzothiazolylthio)-morpholin
Tox21_110976
2-morpholin-4-ylsulfanylbenzothiazole
MFCD00022870
2-Benzothiazolesulfenamide, N-morphol
AKOS001025507
Tox21_110976_1
DB14202
2-(MORPHOLINOTHIO)-BENZOTHIAZOLE
WLN: T56 BN DSJ CS-AT6N DOTJ
BS-42257
N-Oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazolesulfenamide
SMR000066103
2-(4-Morpholinylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole
CS-0201154
FT-0608683
M0532
E78169
2-(4-Morpholinylsulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole #
EN300-1726082
A896704
Q-200146
BRD-K97360717-001-07-6
Q27291760
Z56821717
InChI=1/C11H12N2OS2/c1-2-4-10-9(3-1)12-11(15-10)16-13-5-7-14-8-6-13/h1-4H,5-8H2
2, 2’-DITHIODIETHYLAMMONIUM-BIS-DIBENZYLDITHIOCARBAMATE (SAA-30)

2,2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is a cutting-edge chemical compound designed as an accelerator in the rubber industry.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) boasts a CAS number of 239446-62-9, emphasizing its unique chemical identity.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) serves as an ultra-fast accelerator, offering improved efficiency in the vulcanization process.

CAS Number: 239446-62-9
EC Number: 427-180-7



APPLICATIONS


2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) serves as a highly efficient accelerator in the rubber industry.
Its primary application lies in expediting the vulcanization process of rubber compounds.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is designed as an ultra-fast accelerator, SAA-30 significantly reduces curing times in rubber manufacturing.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is specifically formulated to address concerns related to N-nitrosamine and type IV allergic responses.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is adept at overcoming challenges associated with conventional accelerators, making it a versatile alternative.

Its role extends to both production and application environments, ensuring a safer overall process.
As a primary or secondary accelerator, SAA-30 seamlessly replaces traditional thiurams or dithiocarbamates in rubber formulations.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) excels in enhancing the cross-linking of rubber without acting as a vulcanizing agent.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is supplied in a convenient 50% polymer masterbatch form, simplifying its incorporation into rubber formulations.
Manufacturers appreciate its efficiency in improving the physical and mechanical properties of rubber products.
The accelerator's ability to function without sulfur cross-linking makes it particularly advantageous in specific applications.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s environmental considerations contribute to its appeal as a "safer" accelerator option in the rubber industry.
Its use aligns with regulatory standards, being registered under the REACH Regulation within the European Economic Area.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s confidentiality of tonnage data underscores its significance and competitiveness in the market.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s molecular design plays a crucial role in minimizing the risk of allergic responses during and after rubber processing.
Rubber manufacturers value SAA-30 for its ability to improve the efficiency of the overall curing system.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s innovative features make it a promising solution for evolving challenges in rubber technology.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) contributes to the development of more sustainable rubber processing methods.
Its application in various rubber formulations highlights its versatility in addressing specific industry needs.
Researchers explore 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s potential applications in specialized rubber products with distinct performance requirements.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s role in mitigating environmental and health concerns positions it as a responsible choice in rubber processing.
Manufacturers can utilize 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) to optimize production processes and enhance the quality of rubber goods.

The 25kg box packaging of 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) makes it convenient for handling and incorporation into industrial-scale rubber production.
Rubber engineers appreciate 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s ability to balance acceleration without compromising on the final product's integrity.
As a key component in the evolution of rubber processing technology, SAA-30 showcases the ongoing commitment to innovation and sustainability in the industry.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) plays a crucial role in optimizing the curing kinetics of rubber, leading to enhanced material properties.
Its application as a primary or secondary accelerator provides flexibility in formulating rubber compounds for various purposes.
Rubber products incorporating SAA-30 exhibit improved tensile strength and wear resistance.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s compatibility with different rubber matrices makes it suitable for a wide range of rubber formulations.
In the absence of sulfur for cross-linking, SAA-30 offers a sulfur-free option for applications where such cross-linking is undesirable.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s contribution to reducing production time aligns with efficiency goals in rubber manufacturing.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s presence in rubber formulations aids in achieving consistent and controlled vulcanization.
Its use has been recognized as an effective strategy to minimize the formation of N-nitrosamines, addressing health and environmental concerns.
Manufacturers can rely on 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) to improve the processing safety of rubber compounds by minimizing allergenic risks.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) has found applications in the production of diverse rubber goods, including tires, belts, and industrial components.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s compatibility with existing rubber processing equipment simplifies its integration into established manufacturing processes.
Rubber compounds containing SAA-30 exhibit a reduced likelihood of causing type IV allergic responses in both production and end-use scenarios.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s role as an accelerator aligns with the goal of producing high-performance rubber materials with consistent quality.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s effectiveness allows rubber manufacturers to achieve desired material properties while minimizing environmental impact.
Its use as a replacement for conventional accelerators contributes to a more sustainable and eco-friendly rubber industry.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is a valuable tool for rubber technologists seeking to balance performance requirements with environmental and safety considerations.
In applications where sulfur-free cross-linking is crucial, SAA-30 stands out as a preferred accelerator.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s presence in rubber formulations supports the development of durable and long-lasting rubber products.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) facilitates the acceleration of vulcanization without compromising the integrity of the final rubber material.

Its effectiveness in overcoming challenges associated with traditional accelerators positions SAA-30 as a progressive solution in rubber technology.
Rubber engineers appreciate SAA-30 for its role in improving the overall efficiency of the rubber curing process.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s versatility extends to various rubber types, including natural rubber and synthetic rubber blends.

Manufacturers can benefit from SAA-30's contribution to reducing energy consumption and optimizing production costs.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is a key player in advancing the sustainability of the rubber industry, aligning with global environmental goals.
Ongoing research explores additional applications for SAA-30, highlighting its potential to address evolving challenges in rubber processing and manufacturing.



DESCRIPTION


2,2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is a cutting-edge chemical compound designed as an accelerator in the rubber industry.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) boasts a CAS number of 239446-62-9, emphasizing its unique chemical identity.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) serves as an ultra-fast accelerator, offering improved efficiency in the vulcanization process.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) has been developed with environmental considerations in mind, aiming for a safer production and application environment.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) addresses concerns related to N-nitrosamine and type IV allergic response problems, making it a promising alternative to traditional accelerators.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) functions both as a primary and secondary accelerator, showcasing its versatility in rubber processing.
Importantly, 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) has the capability to replace conventional thiurams or dithiocarbamates on a weight-to-weight basis.
Unlike some accelerators, 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) does not act as a vulcanizing agent, ensuring its role is focused on acceleration rather than cross-linking.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is supplied in a convenient 50% polymer masterbatch form, packaged in 25kg boxes for practical handling.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is registered under the REACH Regulation, highlighting its compliance with European chemical regulations.
Despite its regulatory registration, specific tonnage data is kept confidential to protect commercial interests.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) is characterized by its intricate molecular structure, featuring dithiodiethylammonium and dibenzyldithiocarbamate moieties.
As a polymer masterbatch, it facilitates easy incorporation into rubber formulations, streamlining the manufacturing process.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the curing and cross-linking of rubber, contributing to improved material properties.

Due to its innovative design, 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) has the potential to revolutionize rubber processing methods and mitigate associated health and environmental concerns.
The EC number, 427-180-7, is essential for regulatory tracking and compliance within the European Economic Area.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s chemical composition is optimized to minimize the risk of allergic responses, addressing a common issue in the rubber industry.
With its sulfur-free nature, 2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) provides a unique solution for applications where sulfur-based cross-linking is undesirable.

2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30)'s performance is backed by extensive research and development efforts, ensuring reliability in various rubber formulations.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) exemplifies a balance between technological advancement and environmental responsibility in the realm of rubber processing.

The confidentiality of tonnage data underlines the compound's significance in industrial applications and competitive markets.
Its emergence signifies a commitment to advancing rubber technology with a focus on safety, efficiency, and environmental impact.
2, 2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) aligns with the principles of sustainable chemistry, offering an alternative that addresses specific challenges associated with traditional accelerators.

Manufacturers and researchers alike appreciate the compound's role in improving the overall sustainability of rubber production.
As an integral part of the rubber industry's evolution, 2,2’-dithiodiethylammonium-bis-dibenzyldithiocarbamate (SAA-30) stands as a testament to ongoing innovations in materials science.



PROPERTIES


Molecular Weight: 610.2 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 608.042675 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 608.042675 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 72.7Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 37
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 230
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
Provide artificial respiration if breathing is difficult.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected skin with plenty of water.
Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
Seek medical attention if irritation or symptoms occur.


Eye Contact:

Rinse eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids.
Seek medical attention if irritation or redness persists.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water if the person is conscious.
Seek medical attention immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety glasses, and protective clothing to minimize skin contact and eye exposure.

Ventilation:
Use in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid direct contact with the substance.
Follow good industrial hygiene practices and wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Respiratory Protection:
Use respiratory protection equipment if there is a risk of inhalation exposure.
The choice of respirator type should be based on exposure levels.

Storage Compatibility:
Store away from incompatible materials, as indicated in the SDS.
This includes avoiding contact with strong acids, bases, and other reactive substances.

Handling Precautions:
Take precautions to avoid spills or releases. Use appropriate equipment for transfer and handling.

Static Electricity:
Ground containers during transfer to prevent the buildup of static electricity.

Labeling:
Ensure that containers are properly labeled with product information, hazard symbols, and safety instructions.

Training:
Ensure that personnel handling the substance are trained in the proper procedures and aware of potential hazards.


Storage:

Temperature:
Store in a cool, dry place. Follow any specified temperature ranges provided by the manufacturer.

Ventilation:
Provide adequate ventilation in storage areas to prevent the accumulation of vapors.

Containers:
Store in approved containers made of compatible materials as specified in the SDS.

Segregation:
Store away from incompatible materials and keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Controlled Environment:
If necessary, store in a controlled environment with specific temperature and humidity conditions.

Light Exposure:
Protect from direct sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) light if the substance is sensitive to light.

Special Requirements:
Adhere to any special storage requirements outlined in the SDS, such as avoiding exposure to moisture or extreme temperatures.

Emergency Response:
Have appropriate emergency response equipment and materials available, such as spill control measures and first aid supplies.



SYNONYMS


14726-36-4
Zinc dibenzyldithiocarbamate
Dibenzyldithiocarbamic acid zinc salt
Zinc(II) dibenzyldithiocarbamate
Dibenzyldithiocarbamic acid, zinc salt
zinc;N,N-dibenzylcarbamodithioate
Dibenzyldithiocarbamicacidzincsalt
33RO266515
Zinc bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)
UNII-33RO266515
EINECS 238-778-0
starbld0016580
EC 238-778-0
SCHEMBL78980
DTXSID20893254
(N,N-Dibenzyldithiocarbamato)zinc
AKOS015839259
Dibenzyldithiocarbamic Acid Zinc(II) Salt
CS-0205479
D0157
FT-0689257
5-chloro-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl-3-boronic?acid
zinc(2+) bis((dibenzylcarbamothioyl)sulfanide)
A854240
Q27256296
(T-4)-Bis(bis(phenylmethyl)carbamodithioato-S,S')zinc
Zinc, bis(bis(phenylmethyl)carbamodithioato-S,S')-, (beta-4)-
Zinc, bis(bis(phenylmethyl)carbamodithioato-kappaS,kappaS')-, (T-4)-
2,2 dibromo 3 nitropropionamid (DBNPA)
2-Cyano-2,2-dibromo Acetamide; 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; DBNPA; Dibromocyanoacetamide; 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE; 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE; 2-CYANO-2,2-DIBROMOACETAMIDE; BIOBROM C-103; BIOBROM C-103L; CYANODIBROMOACETAMIDE; DBNPA; DIBROMOCYANOACETAMIDE; DIBROMOCYANO ACETIC ACID AMIDE; DIBROMONITRILOPROPIONAMIDE; TIMTEC-BB SBB008529; 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-acetamid; 2-cyano-2,2-dibromo-acetamid; alpha,alpha-dibromo-alpha-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-dibromocyanoacetamide; Dibromo Cyano Acetamide/ 2,2-Dibromo-2-Cyanoacetamide; Cyano-2,2-dibromoacetamide; 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropion; Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano- CAS NO:10222-01-2
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol; 2,2,2-Trifluoroethan-1-ol; TFE; trifluoromethyl cas no: 75-89-8
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol
1,4-Butylene glycol; 1,4-Tetramethylene glycol; Tetramethylene glycol; 1,4-Dihydroxybutane; Butane-1,4-diol; Butanediol; 1,4-BD; Tetramethylene-1,4-diol; 1,4-BUTYLENE GLYCOL; 1,4-DIHYDROXYBUTANE; AKOS BBS-00004303; BDO; BUTANEDIOL, 1,4-; TETRAMETHYLENE GLYCOL; VERSALINK CURATIVE 1,4 BDO; 1,4-BD; 1,4-Tetramethylene; 1,4-Tetramethylene glycol; 1,4-tetramethyleneglycol; agrisynthb1d; butane,1,4-dihydroxy-; Butanediol; Butylene glycol; Dabco BDO; Diol 14B; diol14b; Sucol B CAS NO:110-63-4
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol Monoisobutyrate
2,4,6-Tris-(2,4,6-Tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-Triazine; 2,4,6-tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine; 2,4,6-tris-(2,4,6-Tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine; Tris(tribromophenoxy)-s-triazine; 1,3,5-Triazine, 2,4,6-tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy); tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine; Tris(2,4,6-tribromophenyl) Cyanurate; Cyanuric Acid Tris(2,4,6-tribromophenyl) Ester; CAS NO: 25713-60-4
2,2’-Dimorpholinodiethylether (DMDEE)
dimorpholine; Einecs 229-194-7; LUPRAGEN(R) N 106; 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet; Lupragen N106 (DMDEE);Dimorpholinodiethylether; Bis (morpholinylethyl) ether; BIS(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER cas no: 6425-39-4
2,2'-DIBENZOTHIAZYL DISULFIDE (MBTS)
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), also known as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole disulfide or 2,2'-benzothiazyl disulphide, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzothiazoles.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a rubber chemical used as a vulcanization accelerant.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives.

CAS Number: 120-78-5
Molecular Formula: C14H8N2S4
Molecular Weight: 332.49
EINECS Number: 204-424-9

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) can be used as accelerator for general rubber.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is also used as plasticizer in chloroprene rubbes1.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a Standardized Chemical Allergen.

The physiologic effect of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity2.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is industry uses also include fillers, fuels and fuel additives, intermediates, process regulator, propels and blowing agents.
The most frequent occupational categories are metal industry, homemakers, health services and laboratories, and building industries.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is an accelerator for natural rubber, synthetic rubber and plastic regeneration.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is usage includes tires, hoses, rubber mats, tarpaulins, unveiled silk goods, wires, cables, and other ‘non-food’ use of rubber products.

Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of this chemical.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a Standardized Chemical Allergen as labeled by US Food and Drug Administration and can cause an allergic contact dermatitis.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is physiologic effect is by means of increased histamine release, and cell-mediated immunity.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a useful compound in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) was marketed to the rubber industry under the tradename Altax(TM) by the R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. and was originally developed for safe processing of rubber compounds cured at above 142° C.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is widely used in compounds of all types for many major commercial applications.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may be carcinogenic for human.
The mortality and cancer morbidity experience of a cohort of 363 male production workers exposed to MBT while employed at a chemical factory in north Wales showed a significant excess mortality for cancers of the large intestine.

These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to a thiazole ring (a five-membered ring with four carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom).
Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS).
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ).

Technically 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is part of the human exposome.
The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health.
An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is approved for use within allergenic epicutaneous patch tests which are indicated for use as an aid in the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in persons 6 years of age and older.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is often used in combination with other accelerators to achieve synergistic effects.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is commonly paired with primary accelerators like sulfenamides or thiurams to enhance the efficiency of the vulcanization process.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is primarily known for its role in the rubber industry, it has also found applications in other areas.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is sometimes used as a fungicide and biocide in agriculture and as a reagent in organic synthesis.

Regulations regarding the use, handling, and disposal of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may vary by region.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS)'s important for industries and individuals working with MBTS to be aware of and comply with relevant safety and environmental regulations.
In some cases, alternative accelerators may be used instead of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), depending on specific requirements and considerations.

The choice of accelerator can impact the processing characteristics and properties of the final rubber product.
As with any chemical, it is important to consider the environmental impact of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS).
Efforts are often made to minimize the release of chemicals into the environment and to explore environmentally friendly alternatives in the manufacturing processes.

Ongoing research and development efforts in the field of rubber chemistry aim to improve the efficiency of vulcanization processes and reduce the environmental impact of rubber production.
This includes exploring new accelerators and formulations that provide enhanced performance with fewer environmental concerns.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) undergoes reactions during the vulcanization process.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) linkage in MBTS can break, leading to the formation of reactive sulfur species.
These reactive sulfur species participate in cross-linking reactions with polymer chains, contributing to the formation of a network structure in vulcanized rubber.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is compatible with a variety of rubber polymers, including natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butyl rubber (IIR), and others.

The choice of accelerator can influence the properties of the final rubber product.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is known for its relatively moderate vulcanization rate.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is often used in combination with other accelerators to control the vulcanization process and achieve the desired balance of processing time and properties in the finished rubber product.

Like many chemical compounds, 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is essential to follow proper storage guidelines to maintain its stability and effectiveness.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is produced on a commercial scale, and there is global trade in this chemical.

Different manufacturers may produce MBTS, and it may be available under various brand names.
Ongoing research in the field of rubber additives and accelerators includes the development of novel compounds with improved performance, reduced toxicity, and enhanced environmental sustainability.
Researchers explore ways to optimize vulcanization processes and improve the overall efficiency of rubber manufacturing.

Individuals working with 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) should be aware of safety guidelines, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and adherence to occupational exposure limits.
Safety data sheets (SDS) provided by manufacturers contain important information regarding the safe handling, storage, and disposal of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS).
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is classified as a thiazole accelerator and is widely used in the rubber industry to accelerate the vulcanization of rubber compounds.

Vulcanization is a crucial process that imparts desirable properties such as strength, elasticity, and heat resistance to rubber products.
The optimal dosage of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) in rubber formulations depends on various factors, including the type of rubber, the presence of other accelerators or additives, and the desired properties of the final product.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) formulations are carefully designed to meet specific performance requirements.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) influences the cure characteristics of rubber compounds.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) affects parameters such as scorch time, cure time, and cure rate, which are critical in determining the processing window during manufacturing.

The vulcanization mechanism involves the cleavage of the sulfur-sulfur (S-S) bonds in 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), generating reactive sulfur species.
These reactive species form cross-links between polymer chains, transforming the rubber from a thermoplastic to a thermosetting material.

Melting point: 177-180 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 532.5±33.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.5
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.5700 (estimate)
Flash point: 271°C
storage temp.: Keep in dark place,Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: 0.01g/l
form: powder to crystal
pka: -0.58±0.10(Predicted)
color: Cream to pale-yellow powder
Odor: gray-wh. to cream powd. or pellets, sl. odor
Water Solubility: Merck: 14,3370
InChIKey: AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 4.5 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference 120-78-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: 2,2'-DITHIOBIS(BENZOTHIAZOLE)
FDA 21 CFR: 175.105; 177.2600
EWG's Food Scores: 2-3

An organic disulfide resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the thiol groups of two molecules of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS).
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used as an accelerator in the rubber industry.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) of the mercaptobenzothiazole group is used as a vulcanization accelerant.

The most frequent occupational categories are metal industry, homemakers, health services and laboratories, and the building industry.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a non-staining, primary thiazole accelerator for use in natural and synthetic rubbers.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is very active at temperatures above 280°F.

Activation requires the addition of zinc oxide, a fatty acid and sulfur for cure development.
Secondary accelerators used in conjunction with 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) such as aldehyde amines, dithiocarbamates, guanidines, and thiurams will increase cure rates.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is also used as a retarder in polychloroprene cure systems, as well as a retarder for peroxide cures.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) and BBTS are often employed in tire vulcanization cure systems.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzothiazoles.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is commonly used as an accelerator in the rubber industry, particularly in the production of tires.

Accelerators are substances that, when added to rubber, increase the speed of vulcanization and improve the properties of the final product.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) facilitates the formation of sulfur cross-links between polymer chains in the rubber.
This cross-linking creates a three-dimensional network within the rubber matrix, imparting desirable properties such as increased strength, elasticity, and resistance to heat and aging.

The rubber industry relies on various accelerators, and 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is often used in combination with other accelerators to achieve specific performance characteristics in the final rubber product.
The choice of accelerator depends on factors such as the type of rubber being used, the desired properties of the finished product, and the processing conditions.
As with any chemical substance, safety precautions should be taken when handling 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS).

This includes the use of personal protective equipment, proper ventilation, and adherence to recommended exposure limits.
The handling and disposal of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) should be in accordance with relevant regulations and guidelines to minimize potential health and environmental risks.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) during rubber vulcanization enhances various physical properties of the final product, including tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, and resistance to abrasion and aging.

While 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) offers many benefits in rubber processing, there can be challenges associated with its use, such as the possibility of over-vulcanization, which may lead to reduced flexibility.
Balancing the concentration of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) and other additives is crucial to achieving the desired performance characteristics.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) need to be aware of and comply with regulations related to its production, handling, and disposal.
Regulatory standards may vary by country, and 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS)'s essential to follow industry best practices to ensure safety and environmental responsibility.

Uses:
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) has the potential to combat HPV, acting as a zinc-ejecting inhibitor.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) also can act as radical polymerization photo-initiators or co-initiators.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is an accelerator for natural rubber, nitrile-butadiene, butyl and styrene-butadiene rubber; a retarder for chloroprene rubber.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used as rubber accelerator, polychloroprene plasticizer/retarder, and neoprene retarder; Also used for general mechanicals and white stocks.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used as cure modifier for neoprene type W and as oxidation cure activator in butyl; Used for extruded and molded products, tires, tubes, wire, cable, and sponge; [Hawley] Workers may be exposed in metals, home, health, laboratory, and building industries.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used in the following products: polymers.

Other release to the environment of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Other release to the environment of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)). This substance can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators. This substance can be found in products with material based on: rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys).

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is primarily used as a rubber vulcanization accelerator in the production of tires and other rubber products.
The vulcanization process is essential for transforming raw rubber into a more durable and elastic material, suitable for various applications.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is a crucial component in rubber vulcanization.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) accelerates the cross-linking of polymer chains in the rubber matrix, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network.
This network structure enhances the mechanical properties of rubber, including strength, elasticity, and resistance to wear and aging.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is commonly employed in the production of tires.

The vulcanization process, facilitated by 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), is essential for transforming raw rubber into a durable and resilient material suitable for use in vehicle tires.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used in the manufacturing of various rubber products, including hoses, belts, seals, gaskets, and other molded rubber items.
The improved properties obtained through vulcanization contribute to the longevity and performance of these products.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) has been used as a biocide and fungicide in agriculture.
However, its primary and more significant application remains in the rubber industry.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may find applications in organic synthesis for the preparation of certain organic compounds.

However, this is a less common use compared to its role in the rubber industry.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is an accelerator used in the processing process for natural and synthetic rubber and plastic regeneration.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is also a known allergen and dermatological sensitizer.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used in the following products: polymers.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used for the manufacture of: rubber products.
Other release to the environment of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).

In the context of rubber recycling, 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) and other accelerators used in the original rubber formulation can affect the reprocessing of rubber materials.
The presence of these additives may influence the properties of recycled rubber products.
Ongoing research focuses on developing sustainable alternatives to traditional rubber accelerators, including 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS).

This involves exploring eco-friendly options that maintain or enhance performance while reducing environmental impact.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) plays a role in quality control in rubber manufacturing.
Monitoring and adjusting the concentration of accelerators, including 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), is critical to ensuring consistent product quality and performance.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may be incorporated into rubber composite materials, where rubber is combined with other materials to create composites with specific properties.
This can be relevant in industries such as automotive, construction, and aerospace.
In research and development within the rubber and polymer industries, 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may be utilized as a reference or benchmark accelerator in studies investigating new formulations, curing systems, or alternative accelerators.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS), along with other accelerators, may be used in the production of rubber soles for shoes.
Vulcanization improves the durability and wear resistance of the rubber, making it suitable for use in footwear.
In some adhesive formulations, particularly those involving rubber bonding, 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) might be employed to modify curing characteristics and enhance the performance of the adhesive.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may find applications in the textile industry, particularly in the production of rubberized fabrics and materials where vulcanization is required for improved strength and resilience.
In certain oil and gas applications, rubber components such as seals and gaskets may be vulcanized using accelerators like 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) to withstand harsh environmental conditions.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) usage is subject to regulatory compliance and standards in the industries where it is employed.
Compliance with regulations ensures the safety of workers, consumers, and the environment.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is widely used, industries are constantly exploring alternative accelerators and formulations to meet specific requirements, improve processing efficiency, and address environmental concerns.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used in the following products: polymers and adhesives and sealants.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is used for the manufacture of: rubber products and plastic products.

Release to the environment of 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as processing aid, formulation in materials and as processing aid.
The vulcanization process involving 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is known for providing rubber products with good temperature stability.
This is essential for applications where the material will be exposed to varying temperatures or extreme conditions.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS)s that require enhanced vibration damping properties, such as mounts and isolators in automotive applications, can benefit from the use of MBTS in the vulcanization process.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is often included in tire tread compounds to improve wear resistance and traction.
The vulcanization process strengthens the rubber, making it suitable for the demanding conditions experienced by vehicle tires.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) adhere to industry standards and specifications to ensure the compatibility and performance of rubber products.
Standards may vary, and compliance with these standards is crucial for product reliability and safety.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is part of the global supply chain for rubber additives, and its availability can be influenced by factors such as raw material sourcing, manufacturing processes, and market demand.

Safety Profile:
Poison by intravenous andintraperitoneal routes.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) slightly toxic by ingestion.Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenicdata.

When heated todecomposition 2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) emits ver.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) may cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon contact.
Direct skin contact or exposure to airborne particles can lead to irritation, redness, or discomfort.

2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles when handling MBTS.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) dust or vapors may cause respiratory irritation.
Adequate ventilation should be provided in areas where MBTS is used, and respiratory protection should be employed if necessary.

Prolonged or repeated exposure to MBTS may result in sensitization, where an individual becomes allergic to the substance.
Sensitization can lead to skin allergies, respiratory issues, or other allergic reactions upon subsequent exposures.
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) is generally considered to have low acute toxicity, exposure to high concentrations or large amounts may have adverse effects.

Synonyms:
120-78-5
2,2'-Dithiobis(benzothiazole)
2,2'-Dithiobisbenzothiazole
Thiofide
Dibenzothiazyl disulfide
Benzothiazyl disulfide
Altax
Benzothiazole disulfide
MBTS
Dibenzothiazolyl disulfide
Benzothiazolyl disulfide
Vulkacit DM
Bis(2-benzothiazyl) disulfide
Pneumax DM
Vulcafor MBTS
Dibenzoylthiazyl disulfide
Bis(benzothiazolyl) disulfide
2,2'-Benzothiazyl disulfide
2-Mercaptobenzothiazole disulfide
Dibenzothiazolyl disulphide
2,2'-DIBENZOTHIAZYL DISULFIDE
Bis(2-benzothiazolyl) disulfide
Ekagom GS
Accel TM
2-Benzothiazolyl disulfide
Vulkacit DM/C
1,2-bis(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)disulfane
Royal MBTS
Benzothiazole, 2,2'-dithiobis-
Dibenzthiazyl disulfide
MBTS rubber accelerator
dibenzothiazol-2-yl disulfide
Vulkacit dm/mgc
2,2'-Dibenzothiazolyl disulfide
2-Benzothiazyl disulfide
2,2'-Bis(benzothiazolyl) disulfide
2-Mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide
BTS-SBT
Di-2-benzothiazolyl disulfide
2,2-dithiobis(benzothiazole)
Dithiobis(benzothiazole)
Mercaptobenzthiazyl ether
2-(1,3-Benzothiazol-2-yldisulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole
Naugex MBT
Benzothiazole, dithiobis-
USAF CY-5
2,2'-Dithiobis(1,3-benzothiazole)
USAF EK-5432
CHEBI:53239
Dwusiarczek dwubenzotiazylu
Benzothiazol-2-yl disulfide
di(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide
2,2'-Dithiobis-benzothiazole
2,2'-Dithiobis[benzothiazole]
NSC-2
2,2'-Dibenzothiazoyl disulfide
DTXSID1020146
BI-87F4
6OK753033Z
NCGC00091238-02
DTXCID70146
Caswell No. 408A
NSC 2
2,2'-Dibenzothiazyldisulfide
CAS-120-78-5
Benzthiazole disulfide
CCRIS 4637
HSDB 1137
Di(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulphide
Dwusiarczek dwubenzotiazylu [Polish]
EINECS 204-424-9
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 009202
BRN 0285796
Mercaptobenzothiazole disulfide
AI3-07662
2,2'-Dithio(bis)benzothiazole
Sanceler DM
UNII-6OK753033Z
Perkacit MBTS
DBTD
dibenzothiazyl disulphide
Dibenzothiazole disulfide
dibenzo thiazyl disulfide
NSC2
Epitope ID:138947
Mercaptobenzothiazolyl ether
2,2'-dithiobisbenzthiazole
EC 204-424-9
Benzothiazole,2'-dithiobis-
Mercaptobenzothiazyl disulfide
SCHEMBL23527
4-27-00-01862 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide
(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulphide
2,2'-Dithio-bis-benzothiazole
2,2?-Dithiobis(benzothiazole)
CHEMBL508112
di(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide
bis(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulphide
bis(benzothiazole-2-yl)disulfide
bis-(benzothiazol-2-yl)disulphide
Di-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-disulfide
Bis(benzothiazole-2-yl) disulfide
bis-(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide
bis-(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulphide
Tox21_111106
BDBM50444458
MFCD00022874
MBTS (2,2'-Dithiobisbenzothiazole)
AKOS001022311
BIS(2-BENZOTHIAZYL) DISULPHIDE
Tox21_111106_1
2,2'-DIBENZOTHIAZOLE DISULFIDE
2,2'-Dithiobis(benzothiazole), 99%
AM91095
CS-W009852
DB14201
NSC-677459
1,2-di(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)disulfane
DIBENZOTHIAZYL DISULFIDE [VANDF]
NCGC00091238-01
NCGC00091238-03
2,2'-DITHIOBISBENZOTHIAZOLE [MI]
AC-11588
LS-14263
WLN: T56 BN DSJ CSS-CT56 BN DSJ
D0538
FT-0609300
2,2'-DIBENZOTHIAZYL DISULFIDE [HSDB]
D77699
EN300-7399114
SR-01000944767
2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yldithio)-1,3-benzothiazole
Q2795423
SR-01000944767-1
W-200947
Z56754489
F0900-0449
2-(1,3-Benzothiazol-2-yldisulfanyl)-1,3-benzothiazole #
2,2-DIBROMO- 2-CYANOACETAMIDE (DBNPA)
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is available commercially as a 20% active solution in a water/polyethylene glycol blend.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) as a preservative enhancer; efficacy of DBNPA; and methods of addition of DBNPA to water-based systems.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.

CAS Number: 10222-01-2
Molecular Formula: C3H2Br2N2O
Molecular Weight: 241.87
EINECS Number: 233-539-7

2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE, 10222-01-2, Dibromocyanoacetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Dbnpa, Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromoacetamide, XD-7287l Antimicrobial, 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, Dibromocyano acetic acid amide, Dibromonitrilopropionamide, XD-1603, 7N51QGL6MJ, DTXSID5032361, NSC-98283, Caswell No. 287AA, C3H2Br2N2O, NSC 98283, Dowicil QK 20, HSDB 6982, XD 7287L, EINECS 233-539-7, UNII-7N51QGL6MJ, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 101801, BRN 1761192, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropanamide, Acetamide, 2-cyano-2,2-dibromo-, Cyanodibromoacetamide, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropion amide, NCIOpen2_006184, SCHEMBL23129, 3-02-00-01641 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acetamide,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromo-Acetamide, CHEMBL1878278, DOW ANTIMICROBIAL 7287, DTXCID3012361, UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N, DIBROMOCYANOACETAMIDE [INCI], NSC98283, Tox21_300089, MFCD00129791, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 9CI, 2, 2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 96%, AKOS015833850, 2,2-bis(bromanyl)-2-cyano-ethanamide, NCGC00164203-01, NCGC00164203-02, NCGC00253921-01, AS-12928, CAS-10222-01-2, CS-0144768, D2902, DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE, 2,2-, FT-0612090, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilo propionamide (DBNPA), H11778, 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE [HSDB], A800546, Q-102771, Q5204411, dbnpa; 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; dbnpa

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), also known as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), can be synthesized by reacting sodium bromide and cyanoacetamide.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is crystals are monoclinic and belong to the space group P21/n.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) Water Treatment Microbiocide is a formulation containing 20% active ingredient, DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Cas Reg. No. 10222-01-2).
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) provides broad-spectrum control of bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has proven efficacy at low concentrations against bacteria, fungi, yeast, cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and the true algae.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
A discussion on the use of a non-oxidizing, fast-acting antimicrobial agent with a short chemical half-life, in various aspects of metalworking-fluid production and utilization, presented at the 59th STLE Annual

Meeting (Toronto, Ontario, Canada 5/17-20/2004), covers lubricant degradation/stability-microbial; indirect food-contact approvals for DBNPA; decomposition pathways; microbiology.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a water-soluble compound with a high solubility in water and other organic solvents.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), is a chemical compound used as a biocide or antimicrobial agent.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is commonly used in industrial water treatment applications, including cooling water systems, pulp and paper mills, oil and gas extraction, and various other water-based systems.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) works by releasing bromine when it comes into contact with water, and bromine is known for its biocidal properties.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, algae, and fungi.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is not toxic to animals and humans, although it may cause skin irritation or eye damage.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a fast-kill biocide which will hydrolyzes very easily under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is warmly welcomed because of for its instability property in water.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) will kill bacterial and then quickly degrades to form a number of chemicals.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) works just like the typical halogen biocides.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is utilized in many areas. For example, it found its application in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is also applied as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H2Br2N2O.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is commonly known as DBNPA, which stands for 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-N,N-dimethylacetamide.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be used as an additive in wastewater treatment to reduce the concentration of organic matter by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) also has been shown to be effective as a biocide for disinfecting medical equipment or surfaces.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has been documented as a useful antimicrobial agent in a number of industrial applications, due to its rapid rate of kill at relatively low use-concentrations, broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, chemical nonpersistence, and low environmental impact.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has applications in water treatment, paper manufacturing, textiles, and personal care products.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) exhibits antimicrobial properties against bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Safety precautions should be followed when handling this chemical, including the use of gloves and protective eyewear.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has low solubility in water and is considered to have low toxicity levels.
However, proper disposal methods should be followed to minimize environmental impact.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is white crystals.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a non-oxidizing and highly effective biocide with proven performance in the past 5 decades.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary carboxylic acid amides.
Primary carboxylic acid amides are compounds comprising primary carboxylic acid amide functional group, with the general structure RC(=O)NH2.
Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA).

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a white to off-white crystalline powder.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is aqueous solution is stable under acidic condition, and easy to hydrolyze under alkaline condition.
The dissolution rate can be greatly accelerated by increasing pH value, heating, UV light or fluorescence irradiation.

Easy to be reduced agent, such as Hydrogen sulfide de-bromine into non-toxic Cyanoacetate amine, so that the sterilization rate is greatly reduced.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) acts as a biocide by releasing bromine in water.
The bromine interferes with the enzymes and proteins in microorganisms, disrupting their cellular functions and leading to their destruction.

This mode of action makes 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) effective against a wide range of microorganisms.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is known for its broad-spectrum activity, making it effective against bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae.
This versatility contributes to its use in various industrial and water treatment applications.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is recognized for its fast-acting properties, providing rapid microbial control.
This quick action is particularly advantageous in systems where prompt biocidal activity is crucial.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) typically leaves low or no residual in treated water systems, which means that its effects are relatively short-lived.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) exhibits stability over a range of temperatures, allowing for effective microbial control in both warm and cold water systems.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is soluble in acetone, polyethyleneglycol, benzene, ethanol, etc.
The 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) solubility is soluble in common organic solvents and slightly soluble in water.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) biocide is stable in acidic conditions and decomposed in alkaline conditions or the presence of hydrogen sulfide.
The solid 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is an efficient germicide for the recycling water system.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can penetrate the cytocyst of microbes quickly and kill them by reacting with some proteins in it, stopping the redox of cells.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) solid biocide has a good stripping property, little poison, and no foam in the system.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is commonly used in industrial water treatment processes, such as cooling water systems in power plants and manufacturing facilities.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is effectiveness in preventing biofouling makes it valuable for maintaining the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is utilized in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in various processes, including drilling fluids and enhanced oil recovery
operations.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is generally compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing for integration into comprehensive water treatment programs.

Users should be aware of regulatory requirements associated with the use of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) in specific industries and regions.
Compliance with regulations regarding water quality, discharge, and environmental impact is essential.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is available in various formulations, including liquid concentrates and solid forms.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is widely used for microbial control, its environmental impact should be considered.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a chemical compound used as a broad-spectrum biocide and preservative in various industries.
The present invention provides an essentially pure compacted 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) in a granular and/or tablet and/or briquette and/or pellet form.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is currently popular at home and abroad. Organic bromine fungicides.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a non-oxidative agent, rapidly degrading in alkaline aqueous solutions.
The organic water content as well as light enhance the hydrolysis and debromination of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) into cyanoacetamide followed by degradation into cyanoacetic acid and malonic acid, that are non-toxic compounds.

This degradation pathway makes the use of DBNPA relatively environmentally friendly.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is compatible with polyamide based membranes and shows high rejection rates for RO membranes.
The antimicrobial effect is due to the fast reaction between DBNPA and sulfur-containing organic molecules in microorganisms such as glutathione or cysteine.

The properties of microbial cell-surface components are irreversibly altered, interrupting transport of compounds across the membrane of the bacterial cell and inhibiting key biological processes of the bacteria.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is understood in the membrane industry that thin film composite polyamide membranes have limited resistance to chlorine based oxidants.
Therefore, operators have relatively few options regarding chemicals which can be safely used to disinfect RO/NF systems and prevent biogrowth/biofouling.

One option is the chemical, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), which is a fastacting, nonoxidizing biocide which is very effective at low concentrations in controlling the growth of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, fungi and algae.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA)'s efficacy may be influenced by the specific chemistry of the water being treated.
Factors such as water hardness, alkalinity, and the presence of other chemicals can impact the biocidal performance.

Conducting water quality analyses can help optimize 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) usage.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) itself is known for its low persistence in the environment, the breakdown products resulting from its degradation should be considered.
Understanding the biodegradability of these by-products contributes to assessing the overall environmental impact.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) should be aware of potential health hazards associated with exposure.
To assess the anti-biofouling effect, online and off-line applications of the biocide have been studied on industrial scale RO installations with a 20 ppm 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) concentration in the feed water.
Industrial case studies described by indicate a preventive effect of the biocide, but many details were not given.

Only very limited information on the suitability of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) to control membrane biofouling under well-defined conditions is available.
The objective of this study was to determine, under well-controlled conditions, the effect of biocide 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) dosage on biofouling control in membrane systems.
Preventive and curative biofouling control strategies were investigated in a series of experiments with membrane fouling simulators operated in parallel, fed with feed water supplemented with Dbnpa 20% (2,2-

Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide) and a biodegradable substrate sodium acetate.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) a higher substrate concentration in feed water has shown to result in a faster and larger pressure drop increase and a higher accumulated amount of biomass.
In the studies acetate was dosed as substrate to enhance the biofouling rate.

The pressure drop was monitored and autopsies were performed to quantify the accumulated material.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
The present invention further provides a process for preparing the same essentially pure compacted DBNPA.

Efforts should be made to minimize discharges of biocidal residues into natural water systems, and users should adhere to environmental regulations.
Regulatory requirements for 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can vary by region and industry.
Users should be aware of and comply with relevant regulations, including those related to water quality, occupational health and safety, and environmental protection.

In some cases, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in combination with other biocides or antimicrobial agents to enhance efficacy or broaden the spectrum of activity.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) water treatment microbiocide is an aqueous formulation containing a 20% w/w concentration of DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide).
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a broad spectrum biocide offering rapid control of bacteria, fungi, yeast and algae.

The choice of biocide or combination of biocides depends on the specific application and microbial challenges.
Regular monitoring and testing of water systems treated with 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) are essential to ensure that the desired level of microbial control is maintained.
This may involve microbial counts, water quality analysis, and other relevant tests.

Preparing chloroacetic acid, cyanoacetic acid, dialkyl amino acrolein, amino-acetal, and methyl cyanoacetate as starting material.
Cyanoacetamide is first made and then you get the 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) biocide by Cyanoacetamide bromination.
The synthesis method of chloroacetic acid as starting material: chloroacetic acid neutralizes sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide to produce sodium chloroacetate.

Then sodium chloroacetate reacts with sodium cyanide in a butanol solution to produce sodium of cyanoacetic acid.
The concentration of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) in a formulation can vary, and it is essential to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for proper dosing to achieve effective microbial control without overdosing.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, some microorganisms may develop resistance over time.

Melting point: 122-125 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 123-126 °C
Density: 2.3846 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.6220 (estimate)
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,2-8°C
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
solubilit: DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: powder to crystal
pka: 11.72±0.50(Predicted)
color: White to Light yellow to Light orange
Odor: antiseptic odor
Stability: Stable, but may be moisture sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.820

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum non-food biocide.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is highly soluble in water and in some organic solvents such as acetone and ethanol.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is branches can also selectively bromine or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, ultimately leading to microbial death.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam, and its liquid products and water can be dissolved at any ratio.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is commonly employed in the paper and pulp industry for the preservation of process waters, as well as to prevent microbial growth in paper and wood products.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is effectiveness in controlling a broad spectrum of microorganisms is particularly valuable in these manufacturing processes.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA)'s biocidal performance can be influenced by factors such as temperature, water hardness, and organic content.
Understanding how these factors affect the efficacy of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) in a specific application is important for optimal performance.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA)'s efficacy can be influenced by temperature, and its activity may vary across different temperature ranges.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is important to consider the temperature conditions of the water system when applying DBNPA and adjust dosages accordingly.
Regular monitoring of microbial populations in treated water systems is important.

Monitoring helps assess the effectiveness of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) and allows for adjustments to prevent the development of microbial resistance.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in combination with other water treatment chemicals for synergistic effects.
Synergistic formulations can enhance the overall performance and efficacy, providing a comprehensive solution to microbial control.

Accurate dosage control is critical for optimizing 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA)'s effectiveness and avoiding overdosing or underdosing.
Automated dosing systems can help ensure precise and consistent application.
There is little information published on its environmental fate.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has a moderate human oral toxicity, may be a reproduction/developmental toxin and is a recognised irritant.
Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary carboxylic acid amides.

Primary carboxylic acid amides are compounds comprising primary carboxylic acid amide functional group, with the general structure RC(=O)NH2.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has a broad spectrum of bactericidal properties.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, biological slime and pathogenic microorganisms that threaten human health.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can penetrate microbial cell membrane rapidly and act on certain protein genes, and normal redox of syncytial cells is terminated.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamidecan also selectively brominate or oxidize special enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, leading to cell death.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide has a broad spectrum of performance, and has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, biological slime and other athogenic microorganisms that threaten human health.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide is characterized by a very fast sterilization speed and high efficiency, with a sterilization rate of more than 98% in 5-10 minutes.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is characterized by extremely fast sterilization and high efficiency.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) was compared to the other three biocides.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is completely miscible with water upon dispersion at normal use levels.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial fungicide used to prevent the growth of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metalworking lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is branches can also selectively bromine or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, ultimately leading to microbial death.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam, and its liquid products and water can be dissolved at any ratio.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a fast-acting, non-oxidizing biocide and is very effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a highly effective, environmentally friendly biocide.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a new type of highly effective bactericidal algaecide and water treatment agent.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has the advantages of high efficiency and broad spectrum, easy to degrade, no residual residue, no pollution to the environment.
At the same time, it also has a multi-effect function such as sterilization and algae killing, descaling and corrosion inhibition, etc. value.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial fungicide used to prevent the growth of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metalworking lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

Compatibility testing can help prevent any undesirable interactions that might lead to corrosion or degradation of materials.
In some systems, there may be the potential for the regeneration of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), especially if it degrades or reacts with other components.
Monitoring and adjusting dosages based on water quality conditions can help maintain effective microbial control.

Effluent from industrial processes treated with 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may contain residues of the biocide.
Understanding the downstream effects on receiving waters and ecosystems is important to ensure compliance with environmental regulations.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is an advantageous disinfectant since it also quickly degrades to carbon dioxide, ammonia and bromide ion when in an aqueous environment.

This allows the effluent to be safely discharged even in sensitive water bodies.
Users should consider the compatibility of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) with materials commonly used in water systems, such as metals and elastomers.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA)'s production and use as a bactericide and algicide in commercial water cooling and treatment systems and paper-pulp mill water systems(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 58(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.80(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that DBNPA is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC).
Volatilization of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 9.0X10-4 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1.5X10+4 mg/L(2).
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(2).

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is sometimes used in water treatment processes, including those involving reverse osmosis systems.
Compatibility with RO membranes and potential impacts on system performance should be assessed.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is known for leaving low residuals, monitoring residual levels in treated water is still important.

Understanding the persistence of 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) residues can guide decisions regarding reapplication and additional treatments.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) finds application in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in various processes, including hydraulic fracturing fluids and oilfield water systems.
In recirculating cooling water systems, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can help prevent biofouling and microbial contamination.

However, the effectiveness may be influenced by factors such as water chemistry and system design.
Biodegradation in soil may be an important environmental fate process; however, degradation in soil is expected to be due to both abiotic and biotic processes(2,4).
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is susceptible to aqueous hydrolysis in moist soils and susceptible to photodegradation when exposed to sunlight(2,4).

Prior to introducing 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) into a water system, a thorough risk assessment should be conducted.
This includes evaluating potential impacts on human health, worker safety, and the environment.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) should maintain comprehensive records of its application, including dosages, monitoring results, and any adverse effects observed.

Documentation is crucial for regulatory compliance, troubleshooting, and future reference.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) provides a quick kill while also quickly degrading in water.
The final end product is carbon dioxide and ammonium bromide.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is incompatible with bases, metals, oxidizing agents, acids.
Dangerous gases may accumulate as a result of ignition and fire.

Uses:
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used in formulating biocides.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used as preservatives for coatings, slurries and to control microbial fouling in paper mills, oil field and leather process.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is employed in wood preservation treatments to prevent the growth of fungi and decay-causing microorganisms in wood products, enhancing their longevity.

In certain formulations of adhesives and sealants, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used to inhibit the growth of microbes, maintaining the integrity of the product.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is utilized in the textile industry to control microbial contamination in water systems used in textile processing and to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria on textiles.
In the leather industry, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used to control microbial growth in water systems and prevent the degradation of hides and skins.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is applied in air washer systems, such as those used in HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, to prevent microbial growth and maintain indoor air quality.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in certain marine antifouling paints to prevent the growth of marine organisms on ship hulls and underwater structures.
In swimming pools and spas, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be used as a biocide to control microbial contamination, ensuring the safety and hygiene of the water.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA), in specific concentrations and formulations, may find use as a laboratory reagent for certain applications.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is employed to prevent microbial contamination in metalworking fluids, which are used in machining and cutting operations to cool and lubricate metal surfaces.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be applied in membrane bioreactors to control microbial growth and fouling on membranes used in wastewater treatment.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be used in reverse osmosis systems to prevent microbial contamination and biofouling, maintaining the efficiency of the membranes.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is effective in preventing biofouling and microbial contamination in recirculating water systems used in various industrial processes.
As the biocides in broad-spectrum, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) biocide is widely used in industrial circulating water systems, large air-condition, and the large center of sewage treatment to
eliminate microorganisms and alga and shuck off clay.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is also used in the process of papermaking to prevent reducing the quality of paper by the generation of microorganisms.
This halogen biocide is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex, and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has the following advantages: easy to handle; no unusual oxidation hazards; similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications; used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used as pharmaceutical intermediates bactericidal algae killer industrial sewage treatment agent, this product is a broad spectrum of high efficiency biocide.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has following advantages :Easy to handle .No unusual oxidation hazards.
Similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has exhibited outstanding efficacy against in bio-films and against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungus and yeasts.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be incorporated into cleaning and sanitizing formulations to enhance their efficacy by preventing microbial contamination in the cleaning solutions.
In the production of fuel ethanol, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used to control microbial contamination in fermentation processes and storage systems.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is commonly used in industrial water treatment applications to control microbial growth in cooling water systems, pulp and paper mills, and oil and gas extraction processes.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used to control bacteria and other microorganisms in oil and gas production systems, including pipelines and storage tanks.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch and mineral slurries.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum, and does not contain or release formaldehyde.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a broad spectrum and efficient industrial fungicide, used to prevent bacteria and algae in paper making, industrial circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricating oil, pulp, wood, coating and plywood growth and reproduction, and can be used as mud control agent, widely used in paper mill pulp and circulating cooling water system.
As a broad-spectrum and highly effective biocide, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act as a certain protein group to stop the normal
REDOX of cells, thus causing cell death.

At the same time, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is branches can selectively brominate or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, resulting in microbial death.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid products and water can be arbitrarily soluble, low toxicity.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is widely used as a biocide, particularly in water treatment applications.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used in water treatment process.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) a chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial bactericide, used to prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial
circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has exhibited outstanding efficiency against bio-films and a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, and yeasts.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch, and mineral slurries.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum and does not contain or release formaldehyde.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is commonly applied in cooling tower water treatment to prevent microbial growth, biofouling, and corrosion.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) helps maintain the efficiency of cooling systems by controlling microbiological contamination.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in hydrotesting fluids, which are employed to pressure test pipelines and vessels.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) helps prevent microbial contamination in the testing process.
In hydraulic systems, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be used to control microbial growth in hydraulic fluids, ensuring the stability and performance of the fluid over time.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may find application in automotive antifreeze and coolant systems to inhibit microbial growth and prevent contamination in the coolant circulating through the engine.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is sometimes used in fire sprinkler systems to prevent microbial contamination in the water that would be released in case of a fire.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be applied in oil and gas production pipelines to control microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and inhibit microbial growth that could lead to pipeline degradation.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in desalination plants to prevent microbial fouling on membranes and other components in the water treatment process.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can also be used as a slime control agent.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is widely used in pulp and circulating cooling water system in paper mills.
As a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency biocide, it can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) helps control the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae in water, preventing biofouling and maintaining the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
In the pulp and paper industry, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is employed to preserve process waters and prevent microbial contamination in paper and wood products.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in certain formulations of paints and coatings to prevent microbial contamination and maintain product integrity.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be applied to irrigation water in agricultural settings to control microbial growth, ensuring that the water used for irrigation is free from harmful microorganisms.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) finds application in the oil and gas industry, including its use in hydraulic fracturing fluids and oilfield water systems, where controlling microbial growth is essential.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is employed in some nuclear power plants to control microbial growth in cooling water systems and prevent biofouling on heat exchange equipment.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is widely used as a disinfectant, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper, and mildew inhibitor in the following aspects.
The circulating cooling water system, oil field water injection system, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper in the paper industry.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may find application in water treatment processes within the food and beverage industry to control microbial contamination in processing water.

In healthcare settings, 2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be used in water treatment to control microbial growth in hospital water systems, including cooling towers and distribution systems.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be applied in cooling systems associated with medical equipment to prevent microbial contamination and maintain the equipment's performance.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be incorporated into various disinfectant and biocide formulations used for diverse applications, including surface disinfection and antimicrobial treatments.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to prevent microbial growth in air washer systems and cooling coils.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be applied in various manufacturing processes where water is used as a coolant or processing medium to prevent microbial contamination.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is widely used in industrial circulating water system, large air-condition and the large center of sewage treatment to eliminate microorganism and alga and shuck off clay.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is also used in the process of paper making to prevent reducing quality of paper by generation of microorganism.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is applied in the pulp and paper industry to prevent the growth of microorganisms in the water used during the papermaking process.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used as a preservative in metalworking fluids to prevent bacterial and fungal growth, thereby extending the life of these fluids.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is employed in some formulations of paints and coatings to prevent microbial contamination and spoilage.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is used as a preservative in adhesives and sealants to inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be used in hydraulic fluids to prevent microbial contamination and degradation of the fluid.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) may be used to prevent microbial growth in water-based systems used in textile processing.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid product and water can be dissolved in any ratio, low toxicity.

Safety Profile:
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Contact with the skin or eyes may cause redness, irritation, and discomfort.
As with any chemical, safety precautions should be taken during handling and use.

The appropriate safety data sheets (SDS) provided by the manufacturer should be consulted for specific information on handling, storage, and emergency measures.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) can be corrosive to metals and may cause damage to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact.

2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) a severe skin and eye irritant.
2,2-dibromo- 2-cyanoacetamide (DBNPA) is crucial to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, when handling this chemical.
Prolonged or repeated exposure to DBNPA may lead to sensitization, where individuals may develop an allergic reaction upon subsequent exposure.


2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is a colorless to yellow liquid with a moldy pungent odor.
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide crystals are monoclinic and belong to the space group P21/n.
2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, also known as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), can be synthesized by reacting sodium bromide and cyanoacetamide.

CAS: 10222-01-2
MF: C3H2Br2N2O
MW: 241.87
EINECS: 233-539-7

Synonyms
2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE, 10222-01-2, Dibromocyanoacetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Dbnpa, Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromoacetamide, XD-7287l Antimicrobial, 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, Dibromocyano acetic acid amide, Dibromonitrilopropionamide, XD-1603, 7N51QGL6MJ, DTXSID5032361, NSC-98283, Caswell No. 287AA, C3H2Br2N2O, NSC 98283, Dowicil QK 20, HSDB 6982, XD 7287L, EINECS 233-539-7, UNII-7N51QGL6MJ, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 101801, BRN 1761192, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropanamide, Acetamide, 2-cyano-2,2-dibromo-, Cyanodibromoacetamide, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropion amide, NCIOpen2_006184, SCHEMBL23129, 3-02-00-01641 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acetamide,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromo-Acetamide, CHEMBL1878278, DOW ANTIMICROBIAL 7287, DTXCID3012361, UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N, DIBROMOCYANOACETAMIDE [INCI], NSC98283, Tox21_300089, MFCD00129791, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 9CI, 2, 2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 96%, AKOS015833850, 2,2-bis(bromanyl)-2-cyano-ethanamide, NCGC00164203-01, NCGC00164203-02, NCGC00253921-01, AS-12928, CAS-10222-01-2, CS-0144768, D2902, DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE, 2,2-, FT-0612090, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilo propionamide (DBNPA), H11778, 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE [HSDB], A800546, Q-102771, Q5204411, dbnpa; 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; dbnpa

2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.

2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.

2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is a fast acting, non-oxidising biocide formulation with a broad spectrum of activity.
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide has been developed to control planktonic and sessile micro-organisms which form as biofilms in systems and their pre-treatment systems.
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is compatible with system components and can be used with other water treatment products as part of a routine treatment and maintenance programme.

2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide Chemical Properties
Melting point: 122-125 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 123-126 °C
Density: 2.3846 (rough estimate)
Refractive index: 1.6220 (estimate)
Storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,2-8°C
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
Solubility: DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
Form: powder to crystal
Pka: 11.72±0.50(Predicted)
Color: White to Light yellow to Light orange
Odor: antiseptic odor
Stability: Stable, but may be moisture sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.820
CAS DataBase Reference: 10222-01-2(CAS DataBase Reference)

Benefits
Used as a preservative of aqueous and water miscible products
Highly efficient
Quick-kill biocides
Rapidly degrading in the environment
Good compatible with other biocides and raw materials
Very cost effective
Effective against Legionella

Uses
Water Treatment:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is employed in water treatment processes to control the growth of bacteria, algae, and fungi in industrial water systems, cooling towers, and water treatment plants.
Cooling Water Systems:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is used as a biocide in cooling water systems to prevent microbial fouling, including the growth of algae and bacteria that can lead to corrosion and reduced heat transfer efficiency.
Leather Processing:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is utilized in the leather industry as a preservative to inhibit the growth of microorganisms on raw hides and skins during processing and storage.
Paints and Coatings:
In the paint and coating industry, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is added to formulations to prevent microbial contamination and spoilage, ensuring the stability and quality of the final products.
Oilfield Applications:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide finds application in oilfield operations to control microbial growth in drilling fluids, injection water, and other systems associated with oil and gas production.
Paper and Pulp Industry:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is used in the paper and pulp industry to prevent microbiological growth in the papermaking process and on paper products.
Adhesives and Sealants:
In adhesive and sealant formulations, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide serves as a preservative to extend the shelf life and maintain the quality of the products by preventing microbial contamination.
Metalworking Fluids:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide is employed in metalworking fluids to control microbial growth and prevent the deterioration of these fluids during use.
Textile Industry:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide may be used in the textile industry to protect textiles and fabrics from microbial degradation during processing and storage.
Plastics Industry:
2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide can be incorporated into plastics formulations to prevent microbial growth on plastic surfaces and maintain the integrity of plastic products.

Chemical Synthesis:
2,2-Dibromo-2-Cyanoacetamide is typically synthesized through chemical processes involving the bromination of cyanoacetamide.

Synthesis Steps:

Starting Material - Cyanoacetamide:
Cyanoacetamide (H₂NC(O)CH₂CN) serves as the starting material. This compound contains a cyano (CN) and an amide (C(O)NH₂) functional group.
Bromination Reaction:
The bromination process involves introducing bromine (Br₂) into the reaction mixture. The bromine reacts with cyanoacetamide to substitute hydrogen atoms, leading to the formation of bromine-substituted cyanoacetamide.
The bromination may occur selectively at specific positions, depending on the reaction conditions and the specific reagents used.
The chemical equation for the bromination reaction is represented as follows:
H₂NC(O)CH₂CN+Br₂→2,2-Dibromo-2-Cyanoacetamide+By-products
H₂NC(O)CH₂CN+Br₂→2,2-Dibromo-2-Cyanoacetamide+By-products

Isolation and Purification:
The reaction mixture is then processed to isolate the desired product, 2,2-Dibromo-2-Cyanoacetamide, from impurities and by-products.
Techniques such as filtration, crystallization, or chromatography may be employed to purify the compound.
Product Characterization:
The synthesized compound is characterized using analytical techniques such as spectroscopy (e.g., NMR - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, IR - Infrared Spectroscopy) and mass spectrometry to confirm its structure and purity.
2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA)
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a water-soluble compound with a high solubility in water and other organic solvents.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), is a chemical compound used as a biocide or antimicrobial agent.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is crystals are monoclinic and belong to the space group P21/n.

CAS Number: 10222-01-2
Molecular Formula: C3H2Br2N2O
Molecular Weight: 241.87
EINECS Number: 233-539-7

Synonyms: 2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE, 10222-01-2, Dibromocyanoacetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Dbnpa, Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromoacetamide, XD-7287l Antimicrobial, 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, Dibromocyano acetic acid amide, Dibromonitrilopropionamide, XD-1603, 7N51QGL6MJ, DTXSID5032361, NSC-98283, Caswell No. 287AA, C3H2Br2N2O, NSC 98283, Dowicil QK 20, HSDB 6982, XD 7287L, EINECS 233-539-7, UNII-7N51QGL6MJ, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 101801, BRN 1761192, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropanamide, Acetamide, 2-cyano-2,2-dibromo-, Cyanodibromoacetamide, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropion amide, NCIOpen2_006184, SCHEMBL23129, 3-02-00-01641 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acetamide,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromo-Acetamide, CHEMBL1878278, DOW ANTIMICROBIAL 7287, DTXCID3012361, UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N, DIBROMOCYANOACETAMIDE [INCI], NSC98283, Tox21_300089, MFCD00129791, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 9CI, 2, 2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 96%, AKOS015833850, 2,2-bis(bromanyl)-2-cyano-ethanamide, NCGC00164203-01, NCGC00164203-02, NCGC00253921-01, AS-12928, CAS-10222-01-2, CS-0144768, D2902, DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE, 2,2-, FT-0612090, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilo propionamide (DBNPA), H11778, 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE [HSDB], A800546, Q-102771, Q5204411, dbnpa; 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; dbnpa

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is commonly used in industrial water treatment applications, including cooling water systems, pulp and paper mills, oil and gas extraction, and various other water-based systems.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is not toxic to animals and humans, although it may cause skin irritation or eye damage.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a fast-kill biocide which will hydrolyzes very easily under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is warmly welcomed because of for its instability property in water.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) will kill bacterial and then quickly degrades to form a number of chemicals.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) works just like the typical halogen biocides.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is utilized in many areas. For example, it found its application in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is also applied as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H2Br2N2O.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is commonly known as DBNPA, which stands for 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-N,N-dimethylacetamide.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be used as an additive in wastewater treatment to reduce the concentration of organic matter by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) also has been shown to be effective as a biocide for disinfecting medical equipment or surfaces.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) Water Treatment Microbiocide is a formulation containing 20% active ingredient, DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Cas Reg. No. 10222-01-2).

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) provides broad-spectrum control of bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has proven efficacy at low concentrations against bacteria, fungi, yeast, cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and the true algae.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has applications in water treatment, paper manufacturing, textiles, and personal care products.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) exhibits antimicrobial properties against bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Safety precautions should be followed when handling this chemical, including the use of gloves and protective eyewear.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has low solubility in water and is considered to have low toxicity levels.
However, proper disposal methods should be followed to minimize environmental impact.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is white crystals.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is soluble in acetone, polyethyleneglycol, benzene, ethanol, etc.
The 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) solubility is soluble in common organic solvents and slightly soluble in water.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) biocide is stable in acidic conditions and decomposed in alkaline conditions or the presence of hydrogen sulfide.

The solid 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is an efficient germicide for the recycling water system.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can penetrate the cytocyst of microbes quickly and kill them by reacting with some proteins in it, stopping the redox of cells.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) solid biocide has a good stripping property, little poison, and no foam in the system.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) water treatment microbiocide is an aqueous formulation containing a 20% w/w concentration of DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide).
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a broad spectrum biocide offering rapid control of bacteria, fungi, yeast and algae.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a non-oxidizing and highly effective biocide with proven performance in the past 5 decades.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary carboxylic acid amides.
Primary carboxylic acid amides are compounds comprising primary carboxylic acid amide functional group, with the general structure RC(=O)NH2.
Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA).

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a white to off-white crystalline powder.
Melting point 125℃, soluble in ordinary organic solvents (such as Acetone, Benzene, Dimethylformamide, Ethanol,Polyethylene glycol, etc.).
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is aqueous solution is stable under acidic condition, and easy to hydrolyze under alkaline condition.

The dissolution rate can be greatly accelerated by increasing pH value, heating, UV light or fluorescence irradiation.
Easy to be reduced agent, such as Hydrogen sulfide de-bromine into non-toxic Cyanoacetate amine, so that the sterilization rate is greatly reduced.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) acts as a biocide by releasing bromine in water.

The bromine interferes with the enzymes and proteins in microorganisms, disrupting their cellular functions and leading to their destruction.
This mode of action makes 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) effective against a wide range of microorganisms.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is known for its broad-spectrum activity, making it effective against bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae.

This versatility contributes to its use in various industrial and water treatment applications.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is recognized for its fast-acting properties, providing rapid microbial control.
This quick action is particularly advantageous in systems where prompt biocidal activity is crucial.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) typically leaves low or no residual in treated water systems, which means that its effects are relatively short-lived.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) exhibits stability over a range of temperatures, allowing for effective microbial control in both warm and cold water systems.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is commonly used in industrial water treatment processes, such as cooling water systems in power plants and manufacturing facilities.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is effectiveness in preventing biofouling makes it valuable for maintaining the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is utilized in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in various processes, including drilling fluids and enhanced oil recovery operations.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is generally compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing for integration into comprehensive water treatment programs.
Users should be aware of regulatory requirements associated with the use of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) in specific industries and regions.
Compliance with regulations regarding water quality, discharge, and environmental impact is essential.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is available in various formulations, including liquid concentrates and solid forms.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is widely used for microbial control, its environmental impact should be considered.
Efforts should be made to minimize discharges of biocidal residues into natural water systems, and users should adhere to environmental regulations.

Regulatory requirements for 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can vary by region and industry.
Users should be aware of and comply with relevant regulations, including those related to water quality, occupational health and safety, and environmental protection.
In some cases, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in combination with other biocides or antimicrobial agents to enhance efficacy or broaden the spectrum of activity.

The choice of biocide or combination of biocides depends on the specific application and microbial challenges.
Regular monitoring and testing of water systems treated with 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) are essential to ensure that the desired level of microbial control is maintained.
This may involve microbial counts, water quality analysis, and other relevant tests.

Preparing chloroacetic acid, cyanoacetic acid, dialkyl amino acrolein, amino-acetal, and methyl cyanoacetate as starting material.
Cyanoacetamide is first made and then you get the 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) biocide by Cyanoacetamide bromination.
The synthesis method of chloroacetic acid as starting material: chloroacetic acid neutralizes sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide to produce sodium chloroacetate.

Then sodium chloroacetate reacts with sodium cyanide in a butanol solution to produce sodium of cyanoacetic acid.
The concentration of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) in a formulation can vary, and it is essential to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for proper dosing to achieve effective microbial control without overdosing.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, some microorganisms may develop resistance over time.

Rotating or combining biocides with different modes of action is a common strategy to minimize the risk of resistance development.
The effectiveness of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be influenced by the pH of the water.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is generally effective in a wide pH range, but the optimal pH conditions for its biocidal activity may depend on the specific formulation.

Like many chemicals, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
Users should take appropriate precautions during handling, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles.
This can be advantageous in applications where maintaining a low level of residual biocide is desirable.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a chemical compound used as a broad-spectrum biocide and preservative in various industries.
The present invention provides an essentially pure compacted 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) in a granular and/or tablet and/or briquette and/or pellet form.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is currently popular at home and abroad. Organic bromine fungicides.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a non-oxidative agent, rapidly degrading in alkaline aqueous solutions.
The organic water content as well as light enhance the hydrolysis and debromination of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) into cyanoacetamide followed by degradation
into cyanoacetic acid and malonic acid, that are non-toxic compounds.
This degradation pathway makes the use of DBNPA relatively environmentally friendly.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is compatible with polyamide based membranes and shows high rejection rates for RO membranes.
The antimicrobial effect is due to the fast reaction between DBNPA and sulfur-containing organic molecules in microorganisms such as glutathione or cysteine.
The properties of microbial cell-surface components are irreversibly altered, interrupting transport of compounds across the membrane of the bacterial cell and inhibiting key biological processes of the bacteria.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is understood in the membrane industry that thin film composite polyamide membranes have limited resistance to chlorine based oxidants.
Therefore, operators have relatively few options regarding chemicals which can be safely used to disinfect RO/NF systems and prevent biogrowth/biofouling.
One option is the chemical, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), which is a fastacting, nonoxidizing biocide which is very effective at low concentrations in controlling the growth of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, fungi and algae.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)'s efficacy may be influenced by the specific chemistry of the water being treated.
Factors such as water hardness, alkalinity, and the presence of other chemicals can impact the biocidal performance.
Conducting water quality analyses can help optimize 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) usage.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) itself is known for its low persistence in the environment, the breakdown products resulting from its degradation should be considered.
Understanding the biodegradability of these by-products contributes to assessing the overall environmental impact.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) should be aware of potential health hazards associated with exposure.

To assess the anti-biofouling effect, online and off-line applications of the biocide have been studied on industrial scale RO installations with a 20 ppm 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) concentration in the feed water.
Industrial case studies described by indicate a preventive effect of the biocide, but many details were not given.

Only very limited information on the suitability of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) to control membrane biofouling under well-defined conditions is available.
The objective of this study was to determine, under well-controlled conditions, the effect of biocide 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) dosage on biofouling control in membrane systems.
Preventive and curative biofouling control strategies were investigated in a series of experiments with membrane fouling simulators operated in parallel, fed with feed water supplemented with 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) and a biodegradable substrate sodium acetate.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) a higher substrate concentration in feed water has shown to result in a faster and larger pressure drop increase and a higher accumulated amount of biomass.
In the studies acetate was dosed as substrate to enhance the biofouling rate.
The pressure drop was monitored and autopsies were performed to quantify the accumulated material.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in a wide variety of applications.

Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
The present invention further provides a process for preparing the same essentially pure compacted DBNPA.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) works by releasing bromine when it comes into contact with water, and bromine is known for its biocidal properties.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is available commercially as a 20% active solution in a water/polyethylene glycol blend.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
A discussion on the use of a non-oxidizing, fast-acting antimicrobial agent with a short chemical half-life, in various aspects of metalworking-fluid production and utilization, presented at the 59th STLE Annual Meeting (Toronto, Ontario, Canada 5/17-20/2004), covers lubricant degradation/stability-microbial; indirect food-contact approvals for DBNPA; decomposition pathways; microbiology.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) as a preservative enhancer; efficacy of DBNPA; and methods of addition of DBNPA to water-based systems.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in a wide variety of applications.

Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), also known as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), can be synthesized by reacting sodium bromide and cyanoacetamide.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, algae, and fungi.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has been documented as a useful antimicrobial agent in a number of industrial applications, due to its rapid rate of kill at relatively low use-concentrations, broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, chemical nonpersistence, and low environmental impact.

Melting point: 122-125 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 123-126 °C
Density: 2.3846 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.6220 (estimate)
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,2-8°C
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
solubilit: DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: powder to crystal
pka: 11.72±0.50(Predicted)
color: White to Light yellow to Light orange
Odor: antiseptic odor
Stability: Stable, but may be moisture sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.820

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms.
Primary carboxylic acid amides are compounds comprising primary carboxylic acid amide functional group, with the general structure RC(=O)NH2.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial fungicide used to prevent the growth of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metalworking lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is branches can also selectively bromine or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, ultimately leading to microbial death.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide is characterized by a very fast sterilization speed and high efficiency, with a sterilization rate of more than 98% in 5-10 minutes.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is characterized by extremely fast sterilization and high efficiency.
The sterilization rate can reach over 99% in 5~10 minutes.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) was compared to the other three biocides.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is completely miscible with water upon dispersion at normal use levels.
Quick kill broad-spectrum microbiocide, fungicide and algaecide.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a new type of highly effective bactericidal algaecide and water treatment agent.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has the advantages of high efficiency and broad spectrum, easy to degrade, no residual residue, no pollution to the environment.
At the same time, it also has a multi-effect function such as sterilization and algae killing, descaling and corrosion inhibition, etc. value.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial fungicide used to prevent the growth of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metalworking lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

Compatibility testing can help prevent any undesirable interactions that might lead to corrosion or degradation of materials.
In some systems, there may be the potential for the regeneration of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), especially if it degrades or reacts with other components.
Monitoring and adjusting dosages based on water quality conditions can help maintain effective microbial control.

Effluent from industrial processes treated with 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may contain residues of the biocide.
Understanding the downstream effects on receiving waters and ecosystems is important to ensure compliance with environmental regulations.
Prior to introducing 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) into a water system, a thorough risk assessment should be conducted.

This includes evaluating potential impacts on human health, worker safety, and the environment.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) should maintain comprehensive records of its application, including dosages, monitoring results, and any adverse effects observed.
Documentation is crucial for regulatory compliance, troubleshooting, and future reference.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is branches can also selectively bromine or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, ultimately leading to microbial death.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam, and its liquid products and water can be dissolved at any ratio.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is commonly employed in the paper and pulp industry for the preservation of process waters, as well as to prevent microbial growth in paper and wood products.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is effectiveness in controlling a broad spectrum of microorganisms is particularly valuable in these manufacturing processes.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)'s biocidal performance can be influenced by factors such as temperature, water hardness, and organic content.

Understanding how these factors affect the efficacy of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) in a specific application is important for optimal performance.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)'s efficacy can be influenced by temperature, and its activity may vary across different temperature ranges.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is important to consider the temperature conditions of the water system when applying DBNPA and adjust dosages accordingly.

Regular monitoring of microbial populations in treated water systems is important.
Monitoring helps assess the effectiveness of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) and allows for adjustments to prevent the development of microbial resistance.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in combination with other water treatment chemicals for synergistic effects.

Synergistic formulations can enhance the overall performance and efficacy, providing a comprehensive solution to microbial control.
Accurate dosage control is critical for optimizing 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)'s effectiveness and avoiding overdosing or underdosing.
Automated dosing systems can help ensure precise and consistent application.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is an advantageous disinfectant since it also quickly degrades to carbon dioxide, ammonia and bromide ion when in an aqueous environment.
This allows the effluent to be safely discharged even in sensitive water bodies.
Users should consider the compatibility of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) with materials commonly used in water systems, such as metals and elastomers.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)'s production and use as a bactericide and algicide in commercial water cooling and treatment systems and paper-pulp mill water systems(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 58(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.80(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that DBNPA is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC).

Volatilization of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 9.0X10-4 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1.5X10+4 mg/L(2).
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(2).
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is sometimes used in water treatment processes, including those involving reverse osmosis systems.

Compatibility with RO membranes and potential impacts on system performance should be assessed.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is known for leaving low residuals, monitoring residual levels in treated water is still important.
Understanding the persistence of 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) residues can guide decisions regarding reapplication and additional treatments.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) finds application in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in various processes, including hydraulic fracturing fluids and oilfield water systems.
In recirculating cooling water systems, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can help prevent biofouling and microbial contamination.
However, the effectiveness may be influenced by factors such as water chemistry and system design.

Biodegradation in soil may be an important environmental fate process; however, degradation in soil is expected to be due to both abiotic and biotic processes(2,4).
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is susceptible to aqueous hydrolysis in moist soils and susceptible to photodegradation when exposed to sunlight(2,4).
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam, and its liquid products and water can be dissolved at any ratio.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has a broad spectrum of bactericidal properties. It has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, biological slime and pathogenic microorganisms that threaten human health.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can penetrate microbial cell membrane rapidly and act on certain protein genes, and normal redox of syncytial cells is terminated.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamidecan also selectively brominate or oxidize special enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, leading to cell death.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide has a broad spectrum of performance, and has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, biological slime and other pathogenic microorganisms that threaten human health.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has a moderate human oral toxicity, may be a reproduction/developmental toxin and is a recognised irritant.
Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary carboxylic acid amides.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a fast-acting, non-oxidizing biocide and is very effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a highly effective, environmentally friendly biocide.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) provides a quick kill while also quickly degrading in water.

The final end product is carbon dioxide and ammonium bromide.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is incompatible with bases, metals, oxidizing agents, acids.
Dangerous gases may accumulate as a result of ignition and fire.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum non-food biocide.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is highly soluble in water and in some organic solvents such as acetone and ethanol.
There is little information published on its environmental fate.

Uses:
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is employed in wood preservation treatments to prevent the growth of fungi and decay-causing microorganisms in wood products, enhancing their longevity.
In certain formulations of adhesives and sealants, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used to inhibit the growth of microbes, maintaining the integrity of the product.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is applied in air washer systems, such as those used in HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, to prevent microbial growth and maintain indoor air quality.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in certain marine antifouling paints to prevent the growth of marine organisms on ship hulls and underwater structures.
In swimming pools and spas, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be used as a biocide to control microbial contamination, ensuring the safety and hygiene of the water.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), in specific concentrations and formulations, may find use as a laboratory reagent for certain applications.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is employed to prevent microbial contamination in metalworking fluids, which are used in machining and cutting operations to cool and lubricate metal surfaces.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be applied in membrane bioreactors to control microbial growth and fouling on membranes used in wastewater treatment.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is widely used as a biocide, particularly in water treatment applications.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in water treatment process.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) a chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial bactericide, used to prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has exhibited outstanding efficiency against bio-films and a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, and yeasts.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch, and mineral slurries.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum and does not contain or release formaldehyde.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is commonly applied in cooling tower water treatment to prevent microbial growth, biofouling, and corrosion.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) helps maintain the efficiency of cooling systems by controlling microbiological contamination.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in hydrotesting fluids, which are employed to pressure test pipelines and vessels.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) helps prevent microbial contamination in the testing process.
In hydraulic systems, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be used to control microbial growth in hydraulic fluids, ensuring the stability and performance of the fluid over time.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may find application in automotive antifreeze and coolant systems to inhibit microbial growth and prevent contamination in the coolant circulating through the engine.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is sometimes used in fire sprinkler systems to prevent microbial contamination in the water that would be released in case of a fire.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be applied in oil and gas production pipelines to control microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and inhibit microbial growth that could lead to pipeline degradation.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in desalination plants to prevent microbial fouling on membranes and other components in the water treatment process.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is employed in some nuclear power plants to control microbial growth in cooling water systems and prevent biofouling on heat exchange equipment.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is widely used as a disinfectant, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper, and mildew inhibitor in the following aspects.
The circulating cooling water system, oil field water injection system, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper in the paper industry.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may find application in water treatment processes within the food and beverage industry to control microbial contamination in processing water.
In healthcare settings, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be used in water treatment to control microbial growth in hospital water systems, including cooling towers and distribution systems.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be applied in cooling systems associated with medical equipment to prevent microbial contamination and maintain the equipment's performance.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be incorporated into various disinfectant and biocide formulations used for diverse applications, including surface disinfection and antimicrobial treatments.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to prevent microbial growth in air washer systems and cooling coils.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be applied in various manufacturing processes where water is used as a coolant or processing medium to prevent microbial contamination.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is widely used in industrial circulating water system, large air-condition and the large center of sewage treatment to eliminate microorganism and alga and shuck off clay.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is also used in the process of paper making to prevent reducing quality of paper by generation of microorganism.
In geothermal heating and cooling systems, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be utilized to prevent microbial fouling and contamination in the water circulating through the system.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can also be used as a slime control agent.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is widely used in pulp and circulating cooling water system in paper mills.
As a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency biocide, it can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) helps control the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae in water, preventing biofouling and maintaining the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
In the pulp and paper industry, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is employed to preserve process waters and prevent microbial contamination in paper and wood products.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used in certain formulations of paints and coatings to prevent microbial contamination and maintain product integrity.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be applied to irrigation water in agricultural settings to control microbial growth, ensuring that the water used for irrigation is free from harmful microorganisms.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) finds application in the oil and gas industry, including its use in hydraulic fracturing fluids and oilfield water systems, where controlling microbial growth is essential.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be used in reverse osmosis systems to prevent microbial contamination and biofouling, maintaining the efficiency of the membranes.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is effective in preventing biofouling and microbial contamination in recirculating water systems used in various industrial processes.
As the biocides in broad-spectrum, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) biocide is widely used in industrial circulating water systems, large air-condition, and the large center of sewage treatment to eliminate microorganisms and alga and shuck off clay.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is also used in the process of papermaking to prevent reducing the quality of paper by the generation of microorganisms.

This halogen biocide is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex, and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has the following advantages: easy to handle; no unusual oxidation hazards; similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications; used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used as pharmaceutical intermediates bactericidal algae killer industrial sewage treatment agent, this product is a broad spectrum of high efficiency biocide.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has following advantages :Easy to handle .No unusual oxidation hazards.

Similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has exhibited outstanding efficacy against in bio-films and against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungus and yeasts.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch and mineral slurries.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum, and does not contain or release formaldehyde.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a broad spectrum and efficient industrial fungicide, used to prevent bacteria and algae in paper making, industrial circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricating oil, pulp, wood, coating and plywood growth and reproduction, and can be used as mud control agent, widely used in paper mill pulp and circulating cooling water system.

As a broad-spectrum and highly effective biocide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act as a certain protein group to stop the normal REDOX of cells, thus causing cell death.
At the same time, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is branches can selectively brominate or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, resulting in microbial death.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid products and water can be arbitrarily soluble, low toxicity.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is utilized in the textile industry to control microbial contamination in water systems used in textile processing and to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria on textiles.
In the leather industry, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used to control microbial growth in water systems and prevent the degradation of hides and skins.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be incorporated into cleaning and sanitizing formulations to enhance their efficacy by preventing microbial contamination in the cleaning solutions.

In the production of fuel ethanol, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used to control microbial contamination in fermentation processes and storage systems.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is commonly used in industrial water treatment applications to control microbial growth in cooling water systems, pulp and paper mills, and oil and gas extraction processes.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used to control bacteria and other microorganisms in oil and gas production systems, including pipelines and storage tanks.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is applied in the pulp and paper industry to prevent the growth of microorganisms in the water used during the papermaking process.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used as a preservative in metalworking fluids to prevent bacterial and fungal growth, thereby extending the life of these fluids.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is employed in some formulations of paints and coatings to prevent microbial contamination and spoilage.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used as a preservative in adhesives and sealants to inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be used in hydraulic fluids to prevent microbial contamination and degradation of the fluid.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) may be used to prevent microbial growth in water-based systems used in textile processing.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid product and water can be dissolved in any ratio, low toxicity.
Mainly 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used as a non-food biocide within the paper industry and as preservatives for coatings and slurries.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in formulating biocides.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used as preservatives for coatings, slurries and to control microbial fouling in paper mills, oil field and leather process.

Safety Profile:
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Contact with the skin or eyes may cause redness, irritation, and discomfort.
As with any chemical, safety precautions should be taken during handling and use.

The appropriate safety data sheets (SDS) provided by the manufacturer should be consulted for specific information on handling, storage, and emergency measures.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) can be corrosive to metals and may cause damage to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is crucial to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, when handling this chemical.

Prolonged or repeated exposure to DBNPA may lead to sensitization, where individuals may develop an allergic reaction upon subsequent exposure.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) a severe skin and eye irritant.


2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA)
DESCRIPTION:

DBNPA or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is preferred for its instability in water as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.

CAS Number: 10222-01-2
EC Number: 233-539-7
Preferred IUPAC name: 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide
Molecular Formula : C3H6BrNO4
Molecular Weight: 199.989 g per mol


2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water

2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) offers immediate action to kill bacteria, fungi, and algae for use in industrial hygiene disinfection, rapid decontamination, and clean-up raw materials and fouled solutions.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a kind of wide spectrum, high efficiency, industrial germicide that can be used in paint and as an adhesive.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a highly effective, environmentally friendly biocide.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) provides a quick kill while also quickly degrading in water.
The final end product is carbon dioxide and ammonium bromide.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a white to yellow powder with mild medicinal antiseptic odor.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in paper and pulp industry.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is free from impurities and therefore used in many consumer products like inks, waxes, polishes, detergents etc.

Being broad spectrum biocide, 2,2-Dibromo-3 nitrilopropionamide is also used in industry to control fungi etc.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) should be stored in original container with the lid tightly closed.

DBNPA or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coatingand slurries.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.


USES OF 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA):
2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is a biocide used in a variety of industrial processes to control algae, bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Formulations include tablets and both solid and liquid soluble concentrates.
2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) is applied through shock/slug, initial, intermittent, maintenance, during manufacture and continuous feed treatments, using metering pumps, drip feed devices and other types of industrial equipment.
A National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit is required for discharges to waterways.


APPLICATIONS OF 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA):
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide is widely used as a disinfectant, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper, and mildew inhibitor in the following aspects.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide is used as The circulating cooling water system, oil field water injection system, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper in the paper industry.

2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide is used as Preservatives for paints, waxes, inks, detergents, surfactants, slurries, resins.
2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide is used as Process water, air purifier system in the machinery manufacturing industry, fungicides, and algicides in municipal water landscapes.









SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

PACKAGING AND STORAGE OF 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA):
Packed in 25 kg woven bags.
The transportation process prevents exposure and rain.
Store in a ventilated, dry place below 40°C.

Avoid freezing, heating or direct sunlight.
The product shelf life is six months.


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE (DBNPA):
Chemical formula C3H2Br2N2O
Molar mass 241.870 g•mol−1
Appearance White, translucent crystals
Melting point 122 to 125 °C (252 to 257 °F; 395 to 398 K)
Physical state Liquid
Vapor pressure: 25.2 hPa (25℃)
Odor: Mild.
pH: 1.5 to 5
Color: Colorless to Brown
Flash Point: Closed cup: >100°C (>212°F)
Open cup: >=182°C (>=359.6°F) [Cleveland.]
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water
Boiling point : >70 °C (1013 hPa)
Specific gravity (Relative density): 1.25 to 1.3
Appearance White to Creamish crystalline powder.
Assay Not less than 99.0%
PH (1% in water) 4.0 to 7.0
Melting Point Between 125°C to 127°C
Water Content NMT 1.0%



Other names:
Dibromocyano acetic acid amide
2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide



2,2-DIMETHOXYPROPANE
2,2-Dimethoxypropane or acetone dimethyl acetal or DMP is an organic compound and an alkylating reagent.
The chemical formula is C5H12O2 and the molecular formula is (CH3)2C(OCH3)2.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is an organic compound that is produced by the acetylation of propylene glycol.

CAS Number: 77-76-9
EC Number: 201-056-0
Hill Formula: C5H12O2
Molar Mass: 104.15 g/mol

2,2-Dimethoxypropane or acetone dimethyl acetal or DMP is an organic compound and an alkylating reagent.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is a reagent for the preparation of 1,2-diols as acetonides.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is the acetalisation product of acetone and methanol.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is an intermediate for the synthesis of 2-methoxypropene.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is commonly used as a water scavenger in water-sensitive reactions — any available water will react with 2,2-Dimethoxypropane to form acetone and methanol.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane-1,3-diol is a chemical compound with the formula CH3OCH2CO2H.

The phosphate group on this molecule can be cleaved to produce phosphoric acid and methanol.
The ring-opening polymerization reaction of this monomer produces polyesters.

This product has been shown to have lipase activity.
The acetylation of this compound gives rise to a carbonyl group, which can be hydrogenolyzed to produce dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is a colorless transparent liquid with the smell of acetone.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is moderately soluble in water, soluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl ether, n-butane, methanol.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is stable and reactive with oxidizing agents, acids.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is an organic building block commonly employed as a precursor to generate 2-methoxypropene (MPP).
The degradation study of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane in ionic liquids showed the formation of MPP and 2-ethoxypropene (EPP) in an identical ratio due to the tunneling effect.

Conformational analysis of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane based on ab initio calculations and matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy has been reported.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane reacts with water to produce methanol and acetone. This reaction has been employed in a method for the quantification of water in natural products by gas-liquid chromatography.
Acidified 2,2-Dimethoxypropane has been employed for the dehydration of biological samples.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane acts as a dehydrating agent.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane also serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of vitamin E, vitamin A and various carotenoids such as astaxanthin.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is used as a reagent for the preparation of 1,2-diols, acetonides, isopropylidene derivatives of sugars, nucleosides, methyl esters of amino acids and enol ethers.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2C(OCH3)2.
A colorless liquid, 2,2-Dimethoxypropane is the product of the condensation of acetone and methanol.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is used as a water scavenger in water-sensitive reactions.
Upon acid-catalyzed reaction, 2,2-Dimethoxypropane reacts quantitatively with water to form acetone and methanol.
This property can be used to accurately determine the amount of water in a sample, alternatively to the Karl Fischer method.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is specifically used to prepare acetonides:
RCHOHCHOHCH2 + (MeO)2CMe2 → RCHCHCH2O2CMe2 + 2 MeOH

Dimethoxypropane is an intermediate for the synthesis of 2-methoxypropene.
In histology, 2,2-Dimethoxypropane is used for the dehydration of animal tissue.

Applications of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
2,2-Dimethoxypropane acts as a dehydrating agent.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane also serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of vitamin E, vitamin A and various carotenoids such as astaxanthin.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is used as a reagent for the preparation of 1,2-diols, acetonides, isopropylidene derivatives of sugars, nucleosides, methyl esters of amino acids and enol ethers.

Dehydrating Agent:
In histology, 2,2-Dimethoxypropane is considered to be more efficient than ethanol for the dehydration of animal tissue.
Acidified 2,2-Dimethoxypropane can be used as a dehydrating agent which causes rapid chemical dehydratation of biologic samples for scanning electron microscopy.

Pharma:
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, including intermediates for synthesis of vitamin E, vitamin A and various carotenoids such as astaxanthin.

Batteries:
2,2-Dimethoxypropane can be considered as a desirable additive in electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries operating at high temperature, ca. 60 °C.
The results of studies reveal that the cyclic life test and storage performance at high temperature in electrolyte with 2,2-Dimethoxypropane additive was better than that in an electrolyte without additive.

Agrochemicals:
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is a value intermediate for the production of insecticides and fungicides.

Analytical Chemistry:
The well known reaction between 2,2-dimethoxypropane and water allows for the conversion of an aqueous into an organic solution ready to be injected directly into a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) system. This method is proposed for the GC-MS analysis of aqueous solutions containing hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and ethers.

Other uses:
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is intermediates of fragrances, perfumes.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is intermediate for the synthesis of 2-methoxypropene.

2,2-Dimethoxypropane is reagent for the preparation of 1,2-diols as acetonides.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane is use of 2,2-dimethoxypropane and 1H-NMR to distinguish and quantify the external and internal sorbed water in coals.

Production Method of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
2,2-dimethoxypropane was synthesized by an indirect method.
The synthesis of 2,2-dimethoxypropane from 2,2 dimethyl -1,3-dioxolane (DMD) from ethylene glycol and acetone was studied.

Using dichloromethane as water-carrying agent and anhydrous ferric sulfate as catalyst, 2,2-Dimethoxypropane was synthesized after DMD was synthesized and exchanged with methanol.
The overall yield of the two-step reaction was 60%.

Safety of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection
S33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition.
S33,37/39 -

Stability of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
Stable.
Highly flammable - note low flash point.
Vapour may form an explosive mixture with air.

May form explosive peroxides when exposed to air.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

Identifiers of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
CAS Number: 77-76-9
ChEMBL: ChEMBL3184215
ChemSpider: 21106033
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.961
EC Number: 201-056-0
PubChem CID: 6495
UNII: 66P41R0030
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7026441
InChIInChI=1S/C5H12O2/c1-5(2,6-3)7-4/h1-4H3
Key: HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC(C)(OC)OC

CAS Number: 77-76-9
Molecular Weight: 104.15
Beilstein: 635678
EC Number: 201-056-0
MDL number: MFCD00008479
PubChem Substance ID: 24893272

CAS number: 77-76-9
EC number: 201-056-0
Hill Formula: C₅H₁₂O₂
Molar Mass: 104.15 g/mol
HS Code: 2911 00 00

CAS: 77-76-9
Molecular Formula: C5H12O2
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 104.149
MDL Number: MFCD00008479
InChI Key: HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-NShow Less
PubChem CID: 6495
IUPAC Name: 2,2-dimethoxypropane
SMILES: CC(C)(OC)OC

Properties of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
Chemical formula: C5H12O2
Molar mass: 104.15 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 0.85 g/cm3
Melting point: −47 °C (−53 °F; 226 K)
Boiling point: 83 °C (181 °F; 356 K)
Solubility in water: 15 g/L (20 °C)

Grade: reagent grade
Quality Level: 200
Vapor density: 3.59 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 60 mmHg ( 15.8 °C)
Assay: 98%
Form: liquid

Expl. lim.:
31 %, 58 °F
6 %, 27 °F

Refractive index: n20/D 1.378 (lit.)
bp: 83 °C (lit.)
density: 0.847 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: COC(C)(C)OC
InChI: 1S/C5H12O2/c1-5(2,6-3)7-4/h1-4H3
InChI key: HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling point: 80 °C
Density: 0.85 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 6 - 31 %(V)
Flash point: -10 °C
Melting Point: -47 °C
Vapor pressure: 60 hPa (16 °C)
Solubility: 180 g/l

Purity Limit: ≥ 99% (Gc)
Molecular Formula: C5H12O2
Molecular Weight: 104.15
Cas No: 77-76-9
Mdl No: mfcd00008479
Appearance: colorless Liquid
Boiling Point: 83 °c
Flash Point: -10 °c
Density: 0.847 G/ml At 25 °c
Refractive Index: n20/d 1.378
Warnings: flammable! Irritant!
Storage Temp: store At 0-8 °c

Molecular Formula: C5H12O2
Molar Mass: 104.15
Density: 0.847 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -47 °C
Boling Point: 83 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 12°F
Water Solubility: 18 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Solubility: 180g/l
Vapor Presure: 60 mm Hg ( 15.8 °C)
Vapor Density: 3.59 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.852 (20/4℃)
Color: Clear colorless
BRN: 635678
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Explosive Limit: 31%, 58°F
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.378(lit.)

Molecular Weight: 104.15
XLogP3-AA: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0:
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 104.083729621
Monoisotopic Mass: 104.083729621
Topological Polar Surface Area: 18.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Complexity: 44
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 97.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 0.850 - 0.851
Identity (IR): passes test

Melting Point: -47°C
Density: 0.848
Boiling Point: 79°C to 81°C
Flash Point: −11°C (12°F)
Assay Percent Range: 98%
Odor: Sweet
UN Number: UN3271
Beilstein: 635678
Refractive Index: 1.378
Quantity: 100 mL
Solubility Information: Soluble in benzene,carbon tetrachloride,ethyl ether and n-butane,methanol. Moderately soluble in water.
Formula Weight: 104.15
Percent Purity: 98%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: 2,2-Dimethoxypropane

Related Products of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
3-(2-N,N-Diethylaminoethylaminocarbonyl)phenylboronic acid, hydrochloride
4-[2-(N,N-Diethylaminoethyl)aminocarbonyl]phenylboronic acid hydrochloride
1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone
4-(N,N-Diethylaminomethyl)benzeneboronic acid
3,3-Dimethyl 1-Indanone

Names of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:

Preferred IUPAC name:
2,2-Dimethoxypropane

Other name:
acetone dimethyl acetal

Synonyms of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane:
C.I. 77769
2,2-Dimethoxypropane
2,2-DIMETHOXYPROPANE
Dimolybdenum trioxide
2,2-dimethoxy propane
Dimethoxypropane, 2,2-
Propane,2,2-dimethoxy-
Propane, 2,2-dimethoxy-
ACETONE DIMETHYL ACETAL
Acetone dimethyl acetal
Molybdenum oxide (Mo2O3)
2-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-methylpyrimidine
2,2-Dimethoxypropane, (Acetone dimethyl acetal)
2,2-Dimethoxypropan [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2,2-Dimethoxypropane [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
2,2-Diméthoxypropane [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2,2-Dimethyoxypropane
201-056-0 [EINECS]
77-76-9 [RN]
Acetone dimethyl acetal
ACETONE DIMETHYL KETAL
acetone dimethylacetal
Acetone-dimethyl acetal
DMP
MFCD00008479 [MDL number]
Propane, 2,2-dimethoxy- [ACD/Index Name]
2,2-DIMETHOXY PROPANE
Acetone dimethyl acetal; DMP
ACETONE, DIMETHYL ACETAL
Acetone, dimethyl acetal (8CI)
STR01454
acetone dimethyl acetal
propane
2,2-dimethoxy
acetone dimethyl ketal
acetone
dimethyl acetal
acetone-dimethyl acetal
2,2-dimethoxy propane
acetone dimethylacetal
2,2-dimethyoxypropane
2,2-dimethoxy-propane
dimethoxypropanShow Less
2,2-DIMETHOXYPROPANE
77-76-9
Acetone dimethyl acetal
Propane, 2,2-dimethoxy-
Acetone dimethyl ketal
Acetone, dimethyl acetal
2,2-dimethoxy-propane
acetone dimethylacetal
2,2-dimethoxy propane
NSC-62085
Acetone-dimethyl acetal
66P41R0030
2,2-Dimethyoxypropane
EINECS 201-056-0
NSC 62085
dimethoxypropan
AI3-26275
dimethoxy propane
UNII-66P41R0030
2,2dimethoxypropane
acetone dimethylketal
2,2-dimethoxypropan
2,2-dimetoxypropane
2 2-dimethoxypropane
2,2 dimethoxypropane
2.2-dimethoxypropane
Propane,2-dimethoxy-
2, 2-dimethoxypropan
2,2 dimethoxy propane
2,2,-dimethoxypropane
2,2-di-methoxypropane
2,2-dimethyloxypropane
2, 2-Dimethoxypropane
2,2-dimethoxyl propane
2,2-bis(methyloxy)propane
EC 201-056-0
SCHEMBL49039
CHEMBL3184215
DTXSID7026441
dimethylformaldehyde dimethylacetal
ZINC402867
NSC62085
STR01454
Tox21_200627
MFCD00008479
AKOS000121900
CAS-77-76-9
NCGC00248770-01
NCGC00258181-01
2,2-Dimethoxypropane, analytical standard
BP-20658
2,2-Dimethoxypropane, reagent grade, 98%
2,2-Dimethoxypropane, for GC derivatization
A0057
FT-0609249
EN300-29553
2,2-Dimethoxypropane, purum, >=96.0% (GC)
J-506803
Q4596749
F0001-1976
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE)
DESCRIPTION:

2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) is suitable for water curing systems and is a strong foaming catalyst.
Due to the steric hindrance of amino groups, the storage period of NCO components can be prolonged.

CAS No.:6425-39-4
EC Number, 229-194-7
Chemical Name:2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether
Molecular weight:244.33

SYNONYMS OF 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE):
DMDEE;Niax« Catalyst DMDEE;4,4′-(oxydiethane-2,1-diyl)dimorpholine
Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-
Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) Ether, 4,4'-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine,2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether,2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether,4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine),4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine, 2,2'-Dimorpholinyldiethyl ether
4,4’-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-morpholin;Dimorpholinodiethylether;BIS(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER;BIS[2-(N-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL] ETHER;LUPRAGEN(R) N 106;4,4'-(3-OXAPENTANE-1,5-DIYL)BISMORPHOLINE;4,4-(OXYDI-2,1-ETHANEDIYL)BISMORPHOLINE;2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER



2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) is suitable for the catalytic reaction of NCO and water in systems such as TDI, MDI, and IPDI; Sinocat® DMDEE is mainly used In one-component rigid polyurethane foam system, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) can also be used for polyether and polyester polyurethane soft foam, semi-rigid foam, CASE material, etc.
The addition amount accounts for 0.3-0.55% of the polyether/ester component.


2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) is an acronym for dimorpholinodiethyl ether but is almost always referred to as DMDEE (pronounced dumdee) in the polyurethane industry.
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) is an organic chemical, specifically a nitrogen-oxygen heterocycle with tertiary amine functionality.

2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) is a catalyst used mainly to produce polyurethane foam.
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) has the CAS number 6425-39-4 and is TSCA and REACH registered and on EINECS with the number 229-194-7.
The IUPAC name is 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine and the chemical formula C12H24N2O3.

APPLICATIONS OF 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE):
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) catalyst is a good blowing catalyst that does not cause cross-linking.
When used in moisture-cured systems, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) provides a stable prepolymer with a rapid cure.
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) can also be used in flexible polyester-based urethane foams, as well as semiflexible foams and HR molded foams.



USES OF 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE):
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) tends to be used in one-component rather than 2-component polyurethane systems.
Its use has been investigated in polyurethanes for controlled drug release and also adhesives for medical applications.

Its use as a catalyst including the kinetics and thermodynamics have been studied and reported on extensively.
2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE) is a popular catalyst along with DABCO.






CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE):
Item, Standard
Appearance, Colorless transparent liquid
Chromaticity, <2
Water content, ≤0.1%
Content, ≥99%
Color Amber
Flash point, PMCC, °C (°F) 166 (330)
Freezing point, °C -28
Initial Boiling point, °C 309
pH 10.3
Specific gravity, 20/20°C 1.06
Vapor pressure, mm Hg, 20°C < 1
Viscosity, cSt, 15.5°C (60°F) 29
VOC Content, %, by ASTM D 2369 76
Water solubility, % > 10
CAS:, 6425-39-4
MF:, C12H24N2O3
MW:, 244.33
EINECS:, 229-194-7
Boiling point, 309 °C(lit.)
density, 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
refractive index, n20/D 1.484(lit.)
Fp, 295 °F
CAS DataBase Reference, 6425-39-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl) bis-(6425-39-4)

Product Name:
Dimorpholinodiethyl ether
Other Name:
Morpholine,4,4′-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-;Morpholine,4,4′-(oxydiethylene)di-;4,4′-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis[morpholine];Bis(morpholinoethyl) ether;2,2′-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether;β,β′-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether;4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)bis[morpholine];4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine;Dimorpholinodiethyl ether;Texacat DMDEE;Jeffcat DMDEE;Di(2-morpholinoethyl) ether;PC CAT DMDEE;Bis[2-(4-morpholino)ethyl] ether;Dabco DMDEE;NSC 28749;U-CAT 660M;Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether;DMDEE;4,4′-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine;Lupragen N 106;N 106;JD-DMDEE;442548-14-3
CAS No.:
6425-39-4
Molecular Formula:
C12H24N2O3
InChIKeys:
InChIKey=ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight:
244.33
Exact Mass:
244.33
EC Number:
229-194-7
UNII:
5BH27U8GG4
NSC Number:
28749
DSSTox ID:
DTXSID9042170
HScode:
2934999090
PSA:
34.2
XLogP3:
-0.6
Appearance:
Liquid
Density:
1.0682 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Boiling Point:
176-182 °C @ Press: 8 Torr
Flash Point:
295 °F
Refractive Index:
1.482


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER (DMDEE):
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine-based catalyst.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a synthetic organic compound and is a colorless, oily liquid with a slightly amine-like odor.


CAS Number: 6425-39-4
EC Number: 229-194-7
MDL number: MFCD00072740
Chemical name: 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3



SYNONYMS:
2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 4,4’-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-morpholin, Dimorpholinodiethylether, BIS(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, BIS[2-(N-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL] ETHER, LUPRAGEN(R) N 106, 4,4'-(3-OXAPENTANE-1,5-DIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 4,4-(OXYDI-2,1-ETHANEDIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER, DMDEE, 2,2-morpholinyl diethyl ether, 2,2-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, DMDEE, 2,2-Dimorpholino Diethyl Ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, DMDEE, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl)ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, [ChemIDplus] Lupragen N 106, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethylether, DMDEE, [BASF MSDS] DABCO DMDEE catalyst, [Air Products MSDS] JCDMDEE, JEFFCAT DMDEE, [Huntsman Petrochemical, 4,4’-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-morpholin, Dimorpholinodiethylether, BIS(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, BIS[2-(N-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL] ETHER, LUPRAGEN(R) N 106, 4,4'-(3-OXAPENTANE-1,5-DIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 4,4-(OXYDI-2,1-ETHANEDIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER, Morpholine,4,4′-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, Morpholine,4,4′-(oxydiethylene)di-, 4,4′-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis[morpholine], Bis(morpholinoethyl) ether, 2,2′-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, β,β′-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)bis[morpholine], 4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, Texacat DMDEE, Jeffcat DMDEE, Di(2-morpholinoethyl) ether, PC CAT DMDEE, Bis[2-(4-morpholino)ethyl] ether, Dabco DMDEE, NSC 28749, U-CAT 660M, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether, DMDEE, 4,4′-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine, Lupragen N 106, N 106, JD-DMDEE, 442548-14-3, 2,2′-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ET, 4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, Einecs 229-194-7, Morpholine, 4,4′-(oxydiethylene)di-, Nsc 28749, 4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet, 2,2-morpholinyl diethyl ether, 2,2-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, DMDEE, 2,2-Dimorpholino Diethyl Ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, DMDEE, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl)ether, 4,4’-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-morpholin, Dimorpholinodiethylether, BIS(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, BIS[2-(N-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL] ETHER, LUPRAGEN(R) N 106, 4,4'-(3-OXAPENTANE-1,5-DIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 4,4-(OXYDI-2,1-ETHANEDIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ET, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, Einecs 229-194-7, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, Nsc 28749, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet, Morpholine,4,4′-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, Morpholine,4,4′-(oxydiethylene)di-, 4,4′-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis[morpholine], Bis(morpholinoethyl) ether, 2,2′-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, β,β′-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)bis[morpholine], 4,4′-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, Texacat DMDEE, Jeffcat DMDEE, Di(2-morpholinoethyl) ether, PC CAT DMDEE, Bis[2-(4-morpholino)ethyl] ether, Dabco DMDEE, NSC 28749, U-CAT 660M, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether, DMDEE, 4,4′-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine, Lupragen N 106, N 106, JD-DMDEE, 442548-14-3, .BETA., .BETA.'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER, 4,4'-(OXYDI-2,1-ETHANEDIYL)BISMORPHOLINE, 4,4'-(OXYDIETHYLENE)BIS(MORPHOLINE), 4,4'- (OXYDIETHYLENE)DIMORPHOLINE, BIS(2-(4-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL) ETHER, BIS(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, BIS(MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, DI(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ETHER, DMDEE, MORPHOLINE, 4,4'-(OXYDI-2, 1-ETHANEDIYL)BIS-, MORPHOLINE, 4,4'-(OXYDIETHYLENE)DI-, NSC-28749, 6425-39-4, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) Ether, Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 4,4'-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine, Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, 5BH27U8GG4, DTXSID9042170, NSC-28749, .beta., .beta.'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis[morpholine], DMDEE, UNII-5BH27U8GG4, 4,4'-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, EINECS 229-194-7, NSC 28749, bis(morpholinoethyl) ether, EC 229-194-7, 2,2'-dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethyl ether, SCHEMBL111438, bis-(2-morpholinoethyl) ether, CHEMBL3187951, DTXCID7022170, Morpholine,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, Bis[2-(N-morpholino)ethyl] ether, DI(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, NSC28749, Tox21_301312, AC-374, MFCD00072740, AKOS015915238, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether (DMDEE), NCGC00255846-01, AS-15429, 4,4'-(oxydiethane-2,1-diyl)dimorpholine, BIS(2-(4-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL) ETHER, CAS-6425-39-4, DB-054635, Morpholine,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, B1784, CS-0077139, NS00005825, 4,4'-(3-Oxapentane-1,5-diyl)bismorpholine, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether (DMDEE), 97%, 4,4'-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, D78314, 4,4'-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine, 97%, 4,4'-(2,2'-oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, Q21034660, DMDEE, Nsc 28749, Einecs 229-194-7, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet, Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ET, 2,2-morpholinyl diethyl ether, 2,2-Dimorpholino Diethyl Ether, 2,2-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2'-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethylether (DMDEE), 6425-39-4, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) Ether, Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 4,4'-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine, Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, 5BH27U8GG4, DTXSID9042170, NSC-28749, .beta., .beta.'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis[morpholine], DMDEE, UNII-5BH27U8GG4, 4,4'-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, EINECS 229-194-7, NSC 28749, bis(morpholinoethyl) ether, EC 229-194-7, 2,2'-dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethyl ether, SCHEMBL111438, bis-(2-morpholinoethyl) ether, CHEMBL3187951, DTXCID7022170, Morpholine,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, Bis[2-(N-morpholino)ethyl] ether, DI(2-MORPHOLINOETHYL) ETHER, NSC28749, Tox21_301312, AC-374, MFCD00072740, AKOS015915238, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether (DMDEE), NCGC00255846-01, AS-15429, 4,4'-(oxydiethane-2,1-diyl)dimorpholine, BIS(2-(4-MORPHOLINO)ETHYL) ETHER, CAS-6425-39-4, DB-054635, Morpholine,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, B1784, CS-0077139, NS00005825, 4,4'-(3-Oxapentane-1,5-diyl)bismorpholine, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether (DMDEE), 97%, 4,4'-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, D78314, 4,4'-(Oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bismorpholine, 97%, 4,4'-(2,2'-oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, Q21034660, DMDEE, Niax« Catalyst DMDEE, 4,4′-(oxydiethane-2,1-diyl)dimorpholine, DMDEE, Nsc 28749, Einecs 229-194-7, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet, Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ET, 2,2-morpholinyl diethyl ether, 2,2-Dimorpholino Diethyl Ether, 2,2-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2'-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethylether (DMDEE), DMDEE, Nsc 28749, Einecs 229-194-7, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet, Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ET, 2,2-morpholinyl diethyl ether, 2,2-Dimorpholino Diethyl Ether, 2,2-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2,2'-dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethylether (DMDEE), 2,2'-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYL ET, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether, Einecs 229-194-7, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydiethylene)di-, Nsc 28749, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)dimorpholine, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiet, Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) Ether, 4,4'-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine, 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether, 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 4,4'-(Oxydiethylene)bis(morpholine), 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine, 2,2'-Dimorpholinyldiethyl ether, DMDEE, Morpholone 4,4’-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis- 4,4’-(Oxydiethylene)bis[morpholone], Bis(morpholinoethyl)ether



2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an acronym for dimorpholinodiethyl ether but is almost always referred to as DMDEE (pronounced dumdee) in the polyurethane industry.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an organic chemical, specifically a nitrogen-oxygen heterocycle with tertiary amine functionality.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a catalyst used mainly to produce polyurethane foam.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether has the CAS number 6425-39-4 and is TSCA and REACH registered and on EINECS with the number 229-194-7.
The IUPAC name of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine and the chemical formula C12H24N2O3.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine-based catalyst .
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a synthetic organic compound and is a colorless, oily liquid with a slightly amine-like odor.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a strong foaming catalyst.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a colorless to pale yellow liquid and is soluble in water.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine catalyst suitable for water curing systems.


Due to the steric hindrance effect of amino groups, NCO-containing components can have a long storage period.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is one of the important polyurethane catalysts.


There are two methods for the synthesis of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether: diethylene glycol and ammonia in the presence of hydrogen and metal catalysts, reacting at high temperature and high pressure to obtain bismorpholinyl diethyl ether; or diethylene glycol and morpholine in hydrogen and metal catalyst copper or cobalt.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a strong blowing catalyst with low gelling activity.
Therefore, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a preferred catalyst for one-component polyurethane systems (OCF and prepolymers) with long shelf life.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine blowing catalyst particularly suitable for one- and two-component rigid foam sealant systems as well as flexible slabstock foams.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether provides system tability in moisture cured polyurethane
Stored 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether in a cool dry place out of direct sunlight.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine catalyst suitable for curing system.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a strong foaming catalyst, which can make NCO containing components have a long storage life due to the steric effect of amino group.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether, with the chemical formula C10H20N2O2 and CAS registry number 6425-39-4, is a compound known for its use as a solvent and a reagent in various chemical reactions.


This colorless liquid, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether, also referred to as DME, is characterized by its two morpholine rings attached to the diethyl ether backbone.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a straw yellow viscous liquid.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a colorless to yellowish liquid with an odor of amines.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether has fishy odor.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether acts as a very selective blowing catalyst.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether provides a stable prepolymer system.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a liquid, tertiary amine catalyst used in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams and
adhesives.


In polyol formulations, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether has shown good blowing efficiency and mild gel activity, and is excellent for consideration where storage stability is critical due to the acidity coming from HFO, formic acid or polyesters.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is suitable for water curing systems, A strong blowing catalyst, due to the steric hindrance of amino groups, can extend the storage period of NCO components, suitable for the catalytic reaction of NCO and water in systems such as TDI, MDI, and IPDI.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether accounts for 0.3-0.55% of the polyether/ester component.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine catalyst suitable for curing systems.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a strong blowing catalyst.


Due to the steric hindrance of the amino group, the NCO-containing components have a long storage period.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether, with the chemical formula C10H24N2O2, has the CAS number 6425-39-4.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a chemical compound that appears as a colorless liquid with a faint odor.


The basic structure of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether consists of two morpholine rings attached to an ethyl group.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is soluble in water.
In terms of safety information, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether may cause irritation to the skin and eyes.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is important to avoid direct contact with this chemical.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a colorless to yellow liquid, with an amine-like odor.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is also miscible with water.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether molecule contains a total of 41 atom(s).
There are 24 Hydrogen atom(s), 12 Carbon atom(s), 2 Nitrogen atom(s), and 3 Oxygen atom(s).
A chemical formula of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can therefore be written as: C12H24N2O3


The chemical formula of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether shown above is based on the molecular formula indicating the numbers of each type of atom in a molecule without structural information, which is different from the empirical formula which provides the numerical proportions of atoms of each type.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an amine based catalyst that is also known as dimorpholino-diethyl ether.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can act as a catalyst for blowing reactions and facilitates the process of polymeric curing.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a reactive chemical agent that has been used as a sealant for the insulation and maintenance of joints.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether reacts with water vapor or moisture in the air, which causes it to harden.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is also known as DMDE and has been used in analytical chemistry as an optimal reagent for reactions with high resistance.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a divalent hydrocarbon molecule with two hydroxy groups on its backbone.
The reaction products of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether are viscosity and reaction solution.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can be used in coatings due to its reactivity.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products and polymers.


Other release to the environment of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).


Release to the environment of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used for the manufacture of: .


Other release to the environment of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).


Release to the environment of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and building & construction work.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used for the manufacture of: furniture.


Release to the environment of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Release to the environment of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used as a polyurethane catalyst.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether tends to be used in one-component rather than 2-component polyurethane systems.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether's use has been investigated in polyurethanes for controlled drug release and also adhesives for medical applications.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether's use as a catalyst including the kinetics and thermodynamics have been studied and reported on extensively.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a popular catalyst along with DABCO.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is mainly used for one-component rigid polyurethane foam systems, and can also be used for polyether and polyester polyurethane soft and semi-rigid foams, CASE materials, etc.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used catalyst paricularly suitable for on component polyurethane rigidfoam sealant systems.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can be used in one- and two-component sealant foams as well as flexible slabstock foams.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is suitable for use in water curing systems.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a strong foaming catalyst .
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can prolong the storage period of NCO components due to the steric hindrance effect of amino groups.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is suitable for TDI, MDI, IPDI, etc.


Catalytic reaction of NCO and water in the system; 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is mainly used in one-component rigid polyurethane foam systems, and also in polyether and polyester polyurethane soft foams, semi-rigid foams.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used catalyst particularly suitable for one component polyurethane rigid foam sealant systems.


Important While the descriptions, designs, data and information contained herein are presented in good faith and believed to be accurate, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is provided for your guidance only.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used as a blowing agent in the production of flexible, molded, and moisture-cured foams and coatings.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is also used in hot melt adhesives.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is commonly used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether has been studied for its potential applications in organic synthesis and as a solvent for various reactions.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is an important compound in the field of chemistry and chemical engineering, contributing to the development of new materials and processes.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is mainly used for single-component rigid polyurethane foam system, and can also be used for polyether and polyester polyurethane soft foam, semi-hard foam, CASE materials, etc.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used catalyst paricularly suitable for on component polyurethane rigidfoam sealant systems.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is suitable for use in water curing systems.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a strong foaming catalyst .


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can prolong the storage period of NCO components due to the steric hindrance effect of amino groups.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is suitable for TDI, MDI, IPDI, etc.
Catalytic reaction of NCO and water in the system; 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is mainly used in one-component rigid polyurethane foam systems, and also in polyether and polyester polyurethane soft foams, semi-rigid foams.


The CASE material or the like is added in an amount of 0.3 to 0.55% of the polyether/ester component.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used as a one-component polyurethane system (such as one-component polyurethane sealant, one-component polyurethane foam, one-component polyurethane


The catalyst (or curing agent) in grouting materials, etc.).
Since one-component polyurethane prepolymer requires long-term storage stability, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether plays a key role in the stability and polymerization of polyurethane prepolymer.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether quality puts forward extremely high requirements.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used in one-component coating systems.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used intermediate used in Polyurethane catalysts and Initial product for chemical syntheses.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used as a catalyst (or curing agent) in one-component polyurethane systems (eg, one-component polyurethane caulk, one-component polyurethane foam adhesive, one-component polyurethane grouting material, etc.) .
Since single-component polyurethane prepolymers require long-term storage stability, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether plays an important role in the stability and polymerization of polyurethane prepolymers, which also puts forward very high requirements for the quality of bismorpholine diethyl ether products.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is mainly used in one-component rigid polyurethane foam system, and also used in polyether and polyester polyurethane soft foam, semi-rigid foam, CASE material, etc.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is mainly used in one-component rigid polyurethane foam systems, and can also be used in polyether and polyester polyurethane soft foams, semi-rigid foams, CASE materials, etc.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can be used as a property modifier for 3-nitribenzonitrile (3-NDN) which can be further used in matrix assisted ionization vacuum analysis (MAIV).
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used catalyst for flexible polyester foams, molded foams, and moisture-cured foams and coatings.


2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used good blowing catalyst that does not cause cross-linking.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can also be used as catalyst for formation of polyurethane foams, adhesives and polypropylene glycol (PPG) incorporated fumed silica.


-Scientific Research Applications of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether:
*Catalyst in Polyurethane Foam Production:
Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) Ether: acts as an effective catalyst in the production of polyurethane foams .

2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether facilitates the reaction between polyols and isocyanates, which are the key components in creating these foams.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether’s ability to accelerate the gelling process without promoting cross-linking makes it valuable in manufacturing flexible, molded, and moisture-cured foams.


-Property Modifier for Analytical Techniques:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used as a property modifier for 3-nitribenzonitrile (3-NDN) , which is utilized in Matrix Assisted Ionization Vacuum (MAIV) analysis .

This application is significant in the field of mass spectrometry, where 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether aids in the ionization process of analytes, thus enhancing the detection and analysis of various substances.


-Adhesive Formulation uses of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is also used in formulating adhesives .
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether's chemical properties contribute to the adhesive’s performance, particularly in terms of flexibility, curing time, and bonding strength.


-Modifier in Polypropylene Glycol (PPG) Silica:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether serves as a modifier in the incorporation of fumed silica into polypropylene glycol .
This modification is crucial in enhancing the properties of PPG, such as viscosity and thermal stability, which are important in various industrial applications.


-Catalyst for Blowing Reactions:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether: is a good blowing catalyst that is used in reactions to create foams .
This application of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is particularly relevant in the production of insulation materials, where controlled foam expansion is necessary.


-Research on Amine-Based Catalysts use of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether:
Lastly, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is subject to research as an amine-based catalyst .
Scientists are investigating 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether's catalytic properties in various chemical reactions, which could lead to more efficient and environmentally friendly processes in the chemical industry.



FUTURE DIRECTIONS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is already used in a variety of applications, including as a catalyst for flexible polyester foams, molded foams, and moisture-cured foams and coatings .

2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can also be used as a property modifier for 3-nitribenzonitrile (3-NDN) which can be further used in matrix assisted ionization vacuum analysis (MAIV) .
Future research and development may explore new uses and applications for 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether.



MODE OF ACTION OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether interacts with its targets by accelerating the reaction rate of the polymeric curing process .
This interaction results in a more efficient and faster curing process, which is crucial in the production of various polymeric materials .



BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
The biochemical pathways affected by 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether involve the reactions of polymeric curing .
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether facilitates these reactions, leading to the formation of stable polymeric structures.
The downstream effects include the production of materials with desired properties such as flexibility, durability, and resistance to environmental factors.



RESULT OF ACTION OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
The molecular and cellular effects of the action of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether are observed in the formation of polymeric materials .
By acting as a catalyst in the curing process, 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether enables the creation of materials with specific physical and chemical properties.



MECHANISM OF ACTION OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
Target of Action
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether, primarily targets the process of polymeric curing .
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether acts as a catalyst for this process, facilitating the formation of polyurethane foams, adhesives, and polypropylene glycol incorporated fumed silica .



SYNTHESIS ANALYSIS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether belongs to the group of morpholine derivatives which have been developed as corrosion inhibitors for various applications.



MOLECULAR STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
The molecular formula of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is C12H24N2O3 .
The IUPAC name of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine .
The molecular weight of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is 244.33 g/mol .



CHEMICAL REACTIONS ANALYSIS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether can act as a catalyst for blowing reactions and facilitates the process of polymeric curing .
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is used in the formation of polyurethane foams, adhesives, and polypropylene glycol (PPG) incorporated fumed silica .



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ANALYSIS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a colorless, oily liquid with a slightly amine-like odor.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether has a refractive index of 1.484 (lit.) and a boiling point of 309 °C (lit.) .
The density of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) .



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature, soluble in water;
Viscosity (25 ° C, mPa.s): 18
Density (25 ° C, g / cm 3): 1.06
Water soluble: soluble in water
Flash point (TCC, °C): 146
Amine value (mmol/g): 7.9-8.1 mmol/g



KEY FEATURES AND TYPICAL BENEFITS OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
• Virtually no impact on shelf life when mixed in isocyanate and isocyanate prepolymers, for ease of use in one-component foam formulations
• Low odor
• High purity



SYNTHESIS ROUTES AND METHODS I OF 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
Procedure details:
The pressure was set to a constant 16 bar absolute, the fresh gas flow was set to a constant 300 standard l/h of hydrogen and the circulating gas was set to a constant approx. 300 pressure liters/(lcat·h).

Ammonia and diethylene glycol were vaporized separately and preheated diethylene glycol was then introduced into the hot circulating gas stream, after which hot ammonia was fed into the reactor via a pressurized gas pump.
The laden circulating gas stream was reacted isothermally at 210° C. (+/−2° C.) and 16 bar over the catalyst in the tube reactor.

The synthesis was carried out at a space velocity over the catalyst of 0.30 lalcohol/lcat·h, a molar ratio of ammonia/alcohol of 3:1 and an amount of fresh gas/H2 of 300 standard liters/lcat·h.
90% of the alcohol was reacted in the reaction end a selectivity of 50% based on the diol used was achieved.
2,2-dimorpholinodiethylether was condensed in a pressure gas separator and collected for purification by distillation.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
CAS: 6425-39-4
EINECS: 229-194-7
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molar Mass: 244.33
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -28 °C
Boling Point: 309 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 295°F
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃

Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Vapor Presure: 66Pa at 20℃
Appearance: Oil
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
pKa: 6.92±0.10(Predicted)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.484(lit.)
Melting point: -28 °C
Boiling point: 309 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure: 66 Pa at 20℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.484(lit.)

Flash point: 295 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
form: Oil
pka: 6.92±0.10(Predicted)
color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
Viscosity: 216.6mm2/s
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.5 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6425-39-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA UNII: 5BH27U8GG4
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis- (6425-39-4)

Physical state: liquid
Color: yellow
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 309 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available

Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,06 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Melting point: -28 °C
Boiling point: 309 °C (lit.)

Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.484(lit.)
Flash point: 295 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
form: Oil
pka: 6.92±0.10(Predicted)
color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.5 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6425-39-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis- (6425-39-4)

Molecular Weight:244.33
Exact Mass:244.33
EC Number:229-194-7
UNII:5BH27U8GG4
NSC Number:28749
DSSTox ID:DTXSID9042170
HScode:2934999090
PSA:34.2
XLogP3:-0.6
Appearance:Liquid
Density:1.0682 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Boiling Point:176-182 °C @ Press: 8 Torr
Flash Point:295 °F
Refractive Index:1.482

Density: 1.061g/cm3
Boiling point: 333.9°C at 760 mmHg
Refractive index: 1.481
Flash point: 96.7°C
Vapour Pressure: 0.000132mmHg at 25°C
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molecular Weight: 244.3306
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
CAS Registry Number: 6425-39-4
EINECS: 229-194-7
Molecular Weight: 244.33 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5

Rotatable Bond Count: 6
Exact Mass: 244.17869263 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 244.17869263 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area :34.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 172
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Melting point: -28 °C
Boiling point: 309 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)
Flash point: 295 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Form: Oil
pKa: 6.92±0.10 (Predicted)
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃

InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.5 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6425-39-4 (CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis- (6425-39-4)
CAS: 6425-39-4
MF: C12H24N2O3
MW: 244.33
EINECS: 229-194-7
Product Categories: Polymerization and Polymer Property Modifiers;
Polymer Additives; Organics; Polymer Science
Mol File: 6425-39-4.mol
Melting point: -28 °C
Boiling point: 309 °C (lit.)

Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)
Flash point: 295 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Form: Oil
pKa: 6.92±0.10 (Predicted)
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP: 0.5 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6425-39-4 (CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Morpholine, 4,4'-(oxydi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis- (6425-39-4)
Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 333.9±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: -28 °C
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molecular Weight: 244.331
Flash Point: 96.7±23.7 °C
Exact Mass: 244.178696
PSA: 34.17000
LogP: -1.09
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.482
Product name: 2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethylether

Synonyms: DMDEE, Bis(2-morpholinoethyl) ether
CAS: 6425-39-4
MF: C12H24N2O3
MW: 244.33
EINECS: 229-194-7
Density: 1.06 g/ml
Melting point: -28 degrees
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molecular Weight: 244.3306
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
CAS Registry Number: 6425-39-4
EINECS: 229-194-7
Density: 1.061g/cm3

Boiling Point: 333.9 °C at 760 mmHg
Refractive index: 1.481
Flash Point: 96.7 °C
Vapour Pressure: 0.000132mmHg at 25°C
CAS NO:6425-39-4
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molecular Weight: 244.33
EINECS: 229-194-7
Product Categories: Organics;Polymer Additives;Polymer Science;
Polymerization and Polymer Property Modifiers
Mol File: 6425-39-4.mol
Melting Point: -28 °C
Boiling Point: 309 °C(lit.)
Flash Point: 295 °F
Appearance: STRAW YELLOW

Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor Pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.484(lit.)
Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
PKA: 6.92±0.10(Predicted)
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether(6425-39-4)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2,2-Dimorpholinodiethylether(6425-39-4)
CAS: 6425-39-4
EINECS: 229-194-7
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molar Mass: 244.33
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -28 °C
Boiling Point: 309 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 295°F
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Vapor Pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
Appearance: Oil
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
pKa: 6.92±0.10 (Predicted)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)

Product Name: Dimorpholinodiethyl ether
CAS No.: 6425-39-4
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 244.33
Exact Mass: 244.33
EC Number: 229-194-7
UNII: 5BH27U8GG4
NSC Number: 28749
DSSTox ID: DTXSID9042170
HS Code: 2934999090
PSA: 34.2
XLogP3: -0.6
Appearance: Liquid

Density: 1.0682 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Boiling Point: 176-182 °C @ Press: 8 Torr
Flash Point: 295 °F
Refractive Index: 1.482
CAS: 6425-39-4
EINECS: 229-194-7
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molar Mass: 244.33
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -28 °C
Boiling Point: 309 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 295°F

Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Vapor Pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
Appearance: Oil
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
pKa: 6.92±0.10 (Predicted)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)
Melting point: -28 °C
Boiling point: 309 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)

Flash point: 295 °F
Storage temp.: Sealed in dry, 2-8°C
CAS: 6425-39-4
EINECS: 229-194-7
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molar Mass: 244.33
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -28 °C
Boiling Point: 309 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 295°F
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Vapor Pressure: 66Pa at 20℃

Appearance: Oil
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
pKa: 6.92±0.10 (Predicted)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)
Product Name: Dimorpholinodiethyl ether
CAS No.: 6425-39-4
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 244.33
Exact Mass: 244.33
EC Number: 229-194-7
UNII: 5BH27U8GG4

NSC Number: 28749
DSSTox ID: DTXSID9042170
HS Code: 2934999090
PSA: 34.2
XLogP3: -0.6
Appearance: Liquid
Density: 1.0682 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Boiling Point: 176-182 °C @ Press: 8 Torr
Flash Point: 295 °F
Refractive Index: 1.482
Molecular Weight: 244.33
XLogP3: -0.6
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 6

Exact Mass: 244.17869263
Monoisotopic Mass: 244.17869263
Topological Polar Surface Area: 34.2
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Complexity: 172
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Name: 4,4-(Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))dimorpholine
CAS No.: 6425-39-4
Molecular formula: C₁₂H₂₄N₂O₃
Molecular weight: 244.33
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25°C (lit.)
Melting Point: -28°C
Boiling Point: 309°C (lit.)

Flash Point: 295 °F
Preservation conditions: 2-8°C, Dry
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
CAS: 6425-39-4
Category: Plastic Additives
Description: Liquid
IUPAC Name: 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine
Molecular Weight: 244.33 g/mol
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Canonical SMILES: C1COCCN1CCOCCN2CCOCC2
InChI: InChI=1S/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
InChI Key: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Complexity: 172

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
EC Number: 229-194-7
Exact Mass: 244.178693 g/mol
Formal Charge: 0
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Monoisotopic Mass: 244.178693 g/mol
NSC Number: 28749
Rotatable Bond Count: 6
UNII: 5BH27U8GG4
XLogP3: -0.6
CAS Registry Number: 6425-39-4
Unique Ingredient Identifier: 5BH27U8GG4
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3

International Chemical Identifier (InChI): ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: C1COCCN1CCOCCN2CCOCC2
Molecular Weight: 244.33 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 6
Exact Mass: 244.17869263 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 244.17869263 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 34.2 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 172
Isotope Atom Count: 0

Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
EINECS: 229-194-7
InChI: InChI=1/C12H24N2O3/c1-7-15-8-2-13(1)5-11-17-12-6-14-3-9-16-10-4-14/h1-12H2
InChIKey: ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C12H24N2O3
Molar Mass: 244.33
Density: 1.06 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -28 °C
Boiling Point: 309 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 295°F
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃

Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
Vapor Pressure: 66Pa at 20℃
Appearance: Oil
Color: Pale Brown to Light Brown
pKa: 6.92±0.10 (Predicted)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.484 (lit.)
Additional Physical Properties:
Viscosity (25℃): 18 mPa·s
Relative Density (25℃): 1.06
Boiling Point: Greater than 225℃
Melting Point: Less than -28℃
Flash Point (TCC): 146℃
Amine Value: 7.9–8.1 mmol/g



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Safety glasses with side-shields
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 12:
Non Combustible Liquids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2,2-DIMORPHOLINODIETHYLETHER:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

2,2'-DITHIODI(ETHYLAMMONIUM) BIS(DIBENZYLDITHIOCARBAMATE)
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C30H32N2S8.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is commonly known as Ethylammonium Dibenzyl Dithiocarbamate (EED).
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is primarily used as a chelating agent or complexing agent in various industrial processes, particularly in the field of analytical chemistry and metal ion extraction.

CAS Number: 239446-62-9
Molecular Formula: C34H40N4S6
Molecular Weight: 697.0982
EINECS Number: 427-180-7

Synonyms: Carbamodithioic acid, N,N-bis(phenylmethyl)-, compd. with 2,2a(2)-dithiobis[ethanamine] (2:1), 239446-62-9, DTXSID001088861

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) forms stable complexes with certain metal ions, such as copper, nickel, and cobalt.
These complexes can be utilized in analytical techniques like atomic absorption spectroscopy and chromatography for the determination and quantification of metal ions in different samples.
Additionally, 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) has been investigated for its potential applications in the extraction and recovery of metal ions from industrial wastewater and mining processes due to its ability to selectively bind to specific metal ions.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) consists of two ethylammonium groups (-NHCH2CH3) linked by a sulfur bridge (dithio) at the 2,2' positions.
Each ethylammonium group is coordinated to a dibenzyl dithiocarbamate moiety.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is typically synthesized through the reaction of ethylamine with carbon disulfide followed by the reaction of the resulting ethylammonium dithiocarbamate with dibenzyl sulfide.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is generally soluble in polar solvents such as water, ethanol, and methanol.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) forms stable complexes with certain metal ions, particularly those of transition metals such as copper, nickel, and cobalt.
These complexes often have distinctive colors and spectroscopic properties, which can be utilized for their detection and analysis.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is commonly used in analytical chemistry for the extraction, separation, and determination of metal ions in various samples, including environmental samples, biological fluids, and industrial effluents.
It exhibits selectivity towards specific metal ions, which makes it useful for the selective extraction and preconcentration of target metal ions from complex matrices.
As a chelating agent, it forms stable chelates with metal ions by coordinating multiple donor atoms (sulfur atoms from dithiocarbamate groups), which enhances the solubility and stability of the metal complexes.

The complexes formed by 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) with metal ions tend to be stable under a wide range of conditions, including variations in pH and temperature.
This stability is advantageous in analytical applications where the samples may undergo various treatments or analyses.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)'s ability to form stable complexes with metal ions often results in low detection limits, making it suitable for trace analysis of metals in complex matrices.

This sensitivity is particularly useful in environmental monitoring and quality control processes.
In analytical chemistry, 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is often employed in sample preparation techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction to isolate and concentrate metal ions from sample solutions prior to analysis.
While the compound exhibits selectivity towards certain metal ions, it may also interact with other components present in the sample matrix.

Careful optimization of extraction conditions and the use of masking agents can help mitigate interference from matrix components.
Due to its potential environmental and health impacts, the use and disposal of 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) may be subject to regulatory controls in some jurisdictions.
Compliance with relevant regulations and guidelines is essential when handling and disposing of this compound.

Ongoing research aims to further optimize the properties and applications of 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate), including exploring its potential in new analytical techniques, environmental remediation strategies, and industrial processes.
Designed to overcome concerns regarding both the 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) and type IV allergic response problems both in terms of production and application environments.
Functions as a primary or secondary accelerator, capable of replacing conventional thiurams or 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) on a weight to weight basis.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) reduces or eliminate iridescence in production parts.
Exhibits low heat build-up (low hysterisis) and very good compression set in natural rubber – particularly in thicker crosssections that may get over cured.
Reacts so rapidly with sulfur that it is necessary to use the rubber-bound form to prevent premature reactions with sulfur or sulfur-bearing chemicals.

The present invention relates to elastomers, i.e. natural or synthetic rubbers, and also particularly to improved rubber compounds and an improved method of producing moulded cured elastomers.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is well known and established that, to achieve the useful cured state, basic rubber polymers which exist in a viscous form, lying in between solids and liquids, are generally first mixed mechanically with other ingredients in the form of powders, resins or liquids to produce so-called rubber compounds.
Some of the added ingredients are chemicals which can react to bring about the cured elastic state.

These 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)s are then subjected to the curing (vulcanisation) process.
During the curing period, in one common process, compression moulding, the rubber compound is placed to an overfilled capacity within the constituent parts of a suitable mould shaped as a reflection of the eventual component being produced.
During the early stages of curing, the mould parts which encapsulate the rubber compound are subjected to heat and externally-applied hydrostatic pressure.

The applied pressure causes the mould parts to move together until closed, thus producing rubber compound flow and consolidation of the rubber compound within, and expelling excess material.
The 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) thus takes up the shape of the mould.
The heat applied initially causes the rubber compound to soften to facilitate this process, and later causes the chemical crosslinking reactions which vulcanize the rubber compound to a useful elastic state to take place.

In other moulding processes, the 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is extruded to a suitable continuous strip (extrusion moulding), or transferred or injected from one mould region to another shaped to form the product (transfer moulding and injection moulding, respectively).
Again the process involves a mechanical shaping followed by curing.
This invention applies to all forming and curing processes such as these or any others used for moulding rubbers.

End use mouldings include the range from small components such as seals and gaiters through shoe rubbers, extruded profiles and tyre treads to hoses and flex elements, and to bridge bearings and other large scale civil engineering structures.
The added ingredients (additives) are incorporated into the 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) according to recipes, or formulations, which have been developed through many years of improvement and optimisation to obtain the desired material properties for each of the many different usages of rubbers.
The magnitudes of these properties are commonly used to specify the materials most suited for different applications.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is by far the more common practice to cure the rubber compounds at a temperature in the approximate range of 120°C to 220°C, with the most common temperatures being 130°C to 185°C or thereabouts.
The time required at these temperatures to reach completion of cure varies from approximately a very few minutes at the highest temperatures to several hours at the lowest temperatures, which are usually only used for curing very large articles.
Occasionally a temperature as low as 100°C might be used, but the cure would then normally last for several days.

Such low temperature long cures are normally only used in situations where the cure time does not matter, for example, curing a rubber lining around the inner surface of a storage tank used for containing liquids, etc.
At the most common temperatures of 140°C to 150°C, a time reasonably required for cure would normally lie in the 20 minutes to 60 minutes range.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) exhibits selectivity towards certain metal ions, the selectivity can be further enhanced or modified by adjusting experimental conditions such as pH, temperature, and solvent composition.

This flexibility allows researchers to tailor the extraction process for specific applications or target analytes.
In addition to liquid-liquid extraction methods, 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) can also be utilized in chromatographic techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) for the separation and quantification of metal ions in complex mixtures.
In some cases, derivatization techniques may be employed to enhance the detectability or stability of metal complexes formed by 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate).

Derivatization can involve modifying the chemical structure of the compound or introducing functional groups that facilitate detection or improve complexation efficiency.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) in quality control processes is essential for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of analytical results.
Quality control measures may include the use of certified reference materials, method validation studies, and regular calibration of analytical instruments.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is valuable in environmental monitoring programs aimed at assessing the presence and concentration of metal contaminants in air, water, soil, and biota.
Monitoring data can inform regulatory decisions, pollution mitigation strategies, and environmental risk assessments.
As with any chemical reagent, proper safety precautions should be observed when handling 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate).

This includes wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, working in a well-ventilated area, and following established protocols for storage, handling, and disposal.
Ongoing advancements in analytical chemistry and environmental science are likely to drive continued research and innovation in the field of metal ion analysis and extraction.
Future trends may include the development of novel extraction techniques, the exploration of green chemistry principles, and the application of emerging technologies such as microfluidics and nanomaterials.what are the uses.

Uses:
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is commonly employed in analytical procedures for the extraction and preconcentration of metal ions from various sample matrices, including environmental samples (e.g., water, soil), biological samples (e.g., blood, urine), and industrial effluents.
It forms stable complexes with metal ions, facilitating their isolation and subsequent analysis.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes are utilized for the determination and quantification of metal ions in analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

The formation of distinct complexes aids in the sensitive detection and accurate measurement of metal concentrations.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is used in quality control processes in industries such as environmental monitoring, pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and metallurgy.
It enables the precise measurement of metal impurities or additives in raw materials, intermediate products, and final products, ensuring compliance with regulatory standards and product specifications.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is employed in research laboratories for investigating the distribution, speciation, and behavior of metal ions in various systems.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) serves as a valuable tool for studying metal complexation kinetics, thermodynamics, and environmental fate processes.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based methods are utilized in environmental monitoring programs to assess metal contamination levels in air, water bodies, sediments, and biota.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based techniques contribute to understanding environmental pollution sources, trends, and impacts, facilitating informed decision-making and regulatory action.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) may find applications in wastewater treatment processes for the removal of heavy metal contaminants prior to discharge into the environment.
Its ability to selectively complex with metal ions can aid in the precipitation or adsorption of metals, contributing to the remediation of contaminated effluents.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) is used in academic settings for teaching purposes in analytical chemistry courses and laboratory experiments.
Students learn about complexation chemistry, metal ion analysis techniques, and the principles of sample preparation and instrument operation using EED-based methodologies.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) can be employed in the mining industry for the extraction and recovery of valuable metal ions from ores and mineral concentrates.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) aids in the selective extraction of target metals during hydrometallurgical processes such as leaching and solvent extraction, contributing to increased metal recovery and process efficiency.
In electroplating and metal finishing operations, 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) may be utilized as a complexing agent to facilitate the deposition of metal coatings onto substrates.
It helps improve the uniformity and adherence of metal layers, enhancing the quality and performance of finished products in industries such as electronics, automotive, and aerospace.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes can serve as corrosion inhibitors for metal surfaces exposed to aggressive environments such as seawater, acidic solutions, or industrial process streams.
The formation of protective film layers on metal surfaces helps mitigate corrosion damage and extend the service life of metal components and structures.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based metal complexes have shown potential applications in biomedical research and healthcare, including as contrast agents for medical imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

These complexes can be functionalized to target specific tissues or biomolecules, enabling non-invasive imaging and diagnosis of diseases.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes with certain transition metal ions exhibit catalytic activity in organic synthesis reactions.
They can act as catalysts or co-catalysts in various chemical transformations, including cross-coupling reactions, oxidation reactions, and polymerization reactions, leading to the synthesis of valuable organic compounds and materials.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based metal complexes have been investigated for their potential applications in solar cell technologies.
They may function as sensitizers or electron transport materials in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) or organic photovoltaic devices, contributing to the conversion of sunlight into electrical energy.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) can be utilized in water treatment processes for the removal of heavy metal contaminants from drinking water supplies or industrial wastewater streams.

It offers an efficient and selective means of metal ion removal, helping to meet regulatory standards for water quality and protect human health and the environment.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes have been explored for their use in the synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterials with tailored properties and applications.
They can serve as templates, stabilizers, or precursors for the fabrication of nanoparticles, nanocomposites, and nanostructured materials with diverse functionalities.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) can be utilized in analytical chemistry for the determination of metal ions in complex matrices such as biological samples, food products, and environmental samples.
Its ability to form stable complexes with metal ions enables accurate quantification using analytical techniques like spectrophotometry, voltammetry, and chromatography.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based extraction methods may find application in the recovery of valuable metals from electronic waste (e-waste).

Given the increasing demand for rare and precious metals in electronic devices, efficient extraction techniques using 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) could contribute to sustainable recycling practices and resource conservation.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes have been explored for their potential use in metal ion sensing and detection applications.
These complexes can be incorporated into sensor platforms or detection assays for rapid and selective detection of specific metal ions in solution, offering potential applications in environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and medical diagnostics.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based metal complexes have shown promise in the development of drug delivery systems and therapeutics.
These complexes can serve as carriers or vehicles for targeted drug delivery, enabling controlled release of therapeutic agents at specific sites within the body for enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based chelation therapy has been investigated as a potential treatment for heavy metal poisoning, particularly cadmium and lead toxicity.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes with cadmium and lead ions can facilitate their elimination from the body by promoting their excretion through urine, offering a potential therapeutic approach for individuals exposed to high levels of these toxic metals.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes have been explored for their antimicrobial properties and potential applications in food preservation.
These complexes may inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and spoilage bacteria in food products, extending their shelf life and enhancing food safety.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-based extraction methods could be applied to soil remediation efforts aimed at removing metal contaminants from contaminated soils.
By selectively extracting metal ions from soil matrices, EED facilitates the remediation process, restoring soil quality and reducing environmental risks associated with metal contamination.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) complexes used as catalysts in organic synthesis reactions may enable catalyst recycling and reusability, contributing to sustainability and cost-effectiveness in chemical manufacturing processes.

Safety Profile:
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) and its metal complexes may exhibit toxicity to humans and other organisms.
Exposure to high concentrations of 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) or its complexes can cause adverse health effects, including skin irritation, eye irritation, respiratory tract irritation, and allergic reactions.
Ingestion or inhalation of 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-containing substances may lead to systemic toxicity, affecting the central nervous system, liver, kidneys, and other organs.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) and its complexes can be hazardous to the environment, particularly aquatic ecosystems.
Discharge of 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate)-containing effluents into water bodies can result in contamination of surface water and sediment, potentially harming aquatic organisms such as fish, invertebrates, and algae.
2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) may persist in the environment and bioaccumulate in food chains, leading to long-term ecological impacts.

2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) solutions may exhibit corrosive properties, particularly at high concentrations or under certain conditions.
Contact with concentrated EED solutions or exposure to 2,2'-Dithiodi(ethylammonium) bis(dibenzyldithiocarbamate) vapors can cause corrosion and damage to skin, mucous membranes, and respiratory tissues.
Proper handling and storage practices are necessary to prevent accidental exposure and minimize the risk of corrosion-related injuries.


2,2-Dimethyl Butyrylchloride
1,4-Cyclohexane Dimethanol; trans-1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol; CHDM; 1,4-dibenzoate; 1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol dibenzoate CAS NO :105-08-8
2,2-Dimethylbutyric Acid
2,2-Dimethylbutyric Acid; 2,2-Dimethylbuttersäure; ácido 2,2-dimetilbutírico; Acide 2,2-diméthylbutyrique; cas no: 595-37-9
2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXY BIS(ETHANOL)
DESCRIPTION:

2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) appears as a colorless liquid.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) is Denser than water.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) Contact may slightly irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes.


CAS Number: 112-27-6
EC Code: 203-953-2
Formula: C10H18O6
Molecular weight: 150.20 g/mol


SYNONYMS OF 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXY BIS(ETHANOL):
2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol, 1,2-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane; Ethanol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-; Triethylene Glycol; 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethan-1-ol; Ethanol, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy))bis- 2-Methoxyethyl ether, Bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether, Dimethyldiglycol, ‘Diglyme’,2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol),2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethan-1-ol,Diethylene glycol,Ethylene diglycol,Diglycol,2,2′-Oxybisethanol,2,2′-Oxydiethanol,3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol,Dihydroxy diethyl ether,Digenos,Digol,Ethylene glycol bis-mercaptoacetate,diethylene glycol, 2,2'-oxydiethanol, diglycol, diethylenglykol, 2-hydroxyethyl ether, bis 2-hydroxyethyl ether, ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis, 2,2'-oxybisethanol, 2-2-hydroxyethoxy ethanol, digol,(2-hydroxyethoxy) ethan-2-ol,2,2'-oxydiethanol,2,2'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,2,2'-Oxybis[ethano],2,2'-Oxydiethanol,2,2'-Oxyethanol,2- hydroxyethoxy)ethan- 2-ol,2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethanol,3-Oxapentamethylene-1,5-diol,3-Oxapentane-1,5-diol,(2-hydroxyethyl) ether,Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether,Bis(β-hydroxyethyl) ether,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL,111-46-6,2,2'-Oxydiethanol,Diglycol,2,2'-Oxybisethanol,2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethanol,Diethylenglykol,Digol,2-Hydroxyethyl ether,Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether,DI(HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER,Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-,Digenol,Dicol,Brecolane ndg,Glycol ether,Deactivator E,Dissolvant APV,Ethylene diglycol,2,2'-Oxyethanol,1,5-Dihydroxy-3-oxapentane,Diethyleneglycol,TL4N,3-Oxapentane-1,5-diol,Dihydroxydiethyl ether,2,2'-0xydiethanol,Bis(beta-hydroxyethyl) ether,2,2'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,Ethanol, 2,2'-oxydi-,2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethan-1-ol,2,2'-Dihydroxyethyl ether,beta,beta'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,Deactivator H,Caswell No. 338A,2,2'-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol),3-Oxapentamethylene-1,5-diol,3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol,DEG,HSDB 69,NSC 36391,CCRIS 2193,DTXSID8020462,bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether,EINECS 203-872-2,MFCD00002882,EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 338200,BRN 0969209,CHEBI:46807,AI3-08416,UNII-61BR964293,2,2'-Oxybis[Ethanol],Diethylene Glycol (DEG),NSC-36391,bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)ether,2,2-Di(hydroxyethyl) ether,DTXCID20462,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHER,Bis(.beta.-hydroxyethyl) ether,61BR964293,EC 203-872-2,2,2-OXYDI(ETHAN-1-OL),4-01-00-02390 (Beilstein Handbook Reference),.beta.,.beta.'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,2,2'-oxybis(ethanol),PEG 400,105400-04-2,149626-00-6,Diethylenglykol [Czech],DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (USP-RS),DIETHYLENE GLYCOL [USP-RS],diethylene-glycol,1,4,10,13-Tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane, 7,16-bis(1-oxodecyl)-,CAS-111-46-6,Chromate(2-), 2-5-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo-2-(hydroxy-.kappa.O)phenylmethyleneamino-.kappa.Nbenzoato(,GLYCEROL IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY),GLYCEROL IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY],PEG 200,PEG 600,OH-PEG2-OH,diehyleneglycol,Diglykol,Diethyleneglykol,diethyene glycol,2,2'-Oxydiethanol; Etofenamate Imp. F (EP); Etofenamate Impurity F; Glycerol Impurity A,di-ethylene glycol,PEG2000,Diethyl ene glycol,Glicole dietilenico,2-hydroxyethylether,1KA,Diethylenglykol rein,Ethanol,2'-oxydi-,2,2'-Ossidietanolo,2,2'-Oxibesethanol,Ethanol,2'-oxybis-,Glycol hydroxyethyl ether,Diethylene glycol, 99%,3-Oxypentane-1,5-diol,2,2-OXYBISETHANOL,SCHEMBL1462,HO(CH2CH2O)2H,2,2-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol),WLN: Q2O2Q,2-HYDROXYETHOXYETHANOL,MLS001055330,BIDD:ER0301,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL [MI],2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethanol,PEG600,CHEMBL1235226,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL [HSDB],HO(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH,2-(2-hydroxyethoxyl)ethan-1-ol,PEG4000,PEG6000,Diethylene glycol, LR, >=99%,3-OXA-1, 5-PENTANEDIOL,HMS2270G18,NSC32855,NSC32856,NSC35744,NSC35745,NSC35746,NSC36391,PEG35000,Tox21_201616,Tox21_300064,.beta.,.beta.'-Dihydroxyethyl ether,NSC-32855,NSC-32856,NSC-35744,NSC-35745,NSC-35746,STL280303,Diethylene glycol, analytical standard,AKOS000120101,1ST9049,FS-3891,PEG 10,000,PEG 20,000,NCGC00090703-01,NCGC00090703-02,NCGC00090703-03,NCGC00253996-01,NCGC00259165-01,2,2'-Oxydiethanol, 2-Hydroxyethyl ether,BP-20527,BP-22990,BP-23304,BP-25804,BP-25805,BP-31029,BP-31030,BP-31245,Diethylene glycol, ReagentPlus(R), 99%,SMR000112132,DB-092325,CS-0014055,D0495,ETOFENAMATE IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY],NS00004483,EN300-19318,Diethylene glycol, BioUltra, >=99.0% (GC),Diethylene glycol, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%,E83357,A802367,Diethylene glycol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%,Q421902,J-002580,F1908-0125,9BAE4479-A6DD-4206-83C1-AB625AB87665,Diethylene glycol, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (GC),colorless,InChI=1/C4H10O3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h5-6H,1-4H,Diethylene glycol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard,162662-01-3,31290-76-3,9002-90-8






APPLICATIONS OF 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXY BIS(ETHANOL)
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) may be used as a solvent to form a solution of sodium pentaphosphacyclopentadienide.


2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2CH2)2O.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) is a colorless, practically odorless, and hygroscopic liquid with a sweetish taste.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) is a four carbon dimer of ethylene glycol.


2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) is miscible in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethylene glycol.[3]
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) is a widely used solvent.[4]
2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) can be a normal ingredient in various consumer products, and it can be a contaminant.

2,2'-Ethylenedioxy Bis(ethanol) has also been misused to sweeten wine and beer, and to viscosify oral and topical pharmaceutical products.
Its use has resulted in many epidemics of poisoning since the early 20th century.[3]



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXY BIS(ETHANOL)
Density 1.1274 -
Vapor pressure 0.133 Pa
at 25°C
UNEP p.66
Fusion point -5°C
Henry's constant 3.2e-06 Pa.m 3 .mol -1
calculated with EPIWIN
UNEP p.66
Octanol/water partition coefficient (Log Kow) -1.7 -
Chemical name or material Triethylene glycol diacetate
Fusion point -50°C
Density 1.12
Boiling point 286°C
Flash point 163°C (325°F)
Refractive index 1.44
Quantity 250 g
Beilstein 1789453
Formula weight 234.25
Purity percentage 98%





SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXY BIS(ETHANOL)
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.
2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXYETHANOL
DESCRIPTION:
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol appears as a colorless liquid.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol is Denser than water.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol Contact may slightly irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes.


CAS: 112-27-6
EINECS: 203-953-2
Formula: C6H14O4
Molecular Weight: 150.18


SYNONYMS OF 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXYETHANOL:

2,2'-(Ethylenedioxy)diethanol,2,2'-Ethylenedioxybis(ethanol),2-[2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol,Ethylene glycol dihydroxy-diethyl ether
Triglycol,2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol, 1,2-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethane; Ethanol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-; Triethylene Glycol; 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethan-1-ol; Ethanol, 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy))bis- 2-Methoxyethyl ether, Bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether, Dimethyldiglycol, ‘Diglyme’,2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol),2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethan-1-ol,Diethylene glycol,Ethylene diglycol,Diglycol,2,2′-Oxybisethanol,2,2′-Oxydiethanol,3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol,Dihydroxy diethyl ether,Digenos,Digol,Ethylene glycol bis-mercaptoacetate,diethylene glycol, 2,2'-oxydiethanol, diglycol, diethylenglykol, 2-hydroxyethyl ether, bis 2-hydroxyethyl ether, ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis, 2,2'-oxybisethanol, 2-2-hydroxyethoxy ethanol, digol,(2-hydroxyethoxy) ethan-2-ol,2,2'-oxydiethanol,2,2'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,2,2'-Oxybis[ethano],2,2'-Oxydiethanol,2,2'-Oxyethanol,2- hydroxyethoxy)ethan- 2-ol,2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethanol,3-Oxapentamethylene-1,5-diol,3-Oxapentane-1,5-diol,(2-hydroxyethyl) ether,Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether,Bis(β-hydroxyethyl) ether,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL,111-46-6,2,2'-Oxydiethanol,Diglycol,2,2'-Oxybisethanol,2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethanol,Diethylenglykol,Digol,2-Hydroxyethyl ether,Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether,DI(HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER,Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-,Digenol,Dicol,Brecolane ndg,Glycol ether,Deactivator E,Dissolvant APV,Ethylene diglycol,2,2'-Oxyethanol,1,5-Dihydroxy-3-oxapentane,Diethyleneglycol,TL4N,3-Oxapentane-1,5-diol,Dihydroxydiethyl ether,2,2'-0xydiethanol,Bis(beta-hydroxyethyl) ether,2,2'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,Ethanol, 2,2'-oxydi-,2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethan-1-ol,2,2'-Dihydroxyethyl ether,beta,beta'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,Deactivator H,Caswell No. 338A,2,2'-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol),3-Oxapentamethylene-1,5-diol,3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol,DEG,HSDB 69,NSC 36391,CCRIS 2193,DTXSID8020462,bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ether,EINECS 203-872-2,MFCD00002882,EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 338200,BRN 0969209,CHEBI:46807,AI3-08416,UNII-61BR964293,2,2'-Oxybis[Ethanol],Diethylene Glycol (DEG),NSC-36391,bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)ether,2,2-Di(hydroxyethyl) ether,DTXCID20462,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHER,Bis(.beta.-hydroxyethyl) ether,61BR964293,EC 203-872-2,2,2-OXYDI(ETHAN-1-OL),4-01-00-02390 (Beilstein Handbook Reference),.beta.,.beta.'-Dihydroxydiethyl ether,2,2'-oxybis(ethanol),PEG 400,105400-04-2,149626-00-6,Diethylenglykol [Czech],DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (USP-RS),DIETHYLENE GLYCOL [USP-RS],diethylene-glycol,1,4,10,13-Tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane, 7,16-bis(1-oxodecyl)-,CAS-111-46-6,Chromate(2-), 2-5-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo-2-(hydroxy-.kappa.O)phenylmethyleneamino-.kappa.Nbenzoato(,GLYCEROL IMPURITY A (EP IMPURITY),GLYCEROL IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY],PEG 200,PEG 600,OH-PEG2-OH,diehyleneglycol,Diglykol,Diethyleneglykol,diethyene glycol,2,2'-Oxydiethanol; Etofenamate Imp. F (EP); Etofenamate Impurity F; Glycerol Impurity A,di-ethylene glycol,PEG2000,Diethyl ene glycol,Glicole dietilenico,2-hydroxyethylether,1KA,Diethylenglykol rein,Ethanol,2'-oxydi-,2,2'-Ossidietanolo,2,2'-Oxibesethanol,Ethanol,2'-oxybis-,Glycol hydroxyethyl ether,Diethylene glycol, 99%,3-Oxypentane-1,5-diol,2,2-OXYBISETHANOL,SCHEMBL1462,HO(CH2CH2O)2H,2,2-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol),WLN: Q2O2Q,2-HYDROXYETHOXYETHANOL,MLS001055330,BIDD:ER0301,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL [MI],2-(2-Hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethanol,PEG600,CHEMBL1235226,DIETHYLENE GLYCOL [HSDB],HO(CH2)2O(CH2)2OH,2-(2-hydroxyethoxyl)ethan-1-ol,PEG4000,PEG6000,Diethylene glycol, LR, >=99%,3-OXA-1, 5-PENTANEDIOL,HMS2270G18,NSC32855,NSC32856,NSC35744,NSC35745,NSC35746,NSC36391,PEG35000,Tox21_201616,Tox21_300064,.beta.,.beta.'-Dihydroxyethyl ether,NSC-32855,NSC-32856,NSC-35744,NSC-35745,NSC-35746,STL280303,Diethylene glycol, analytical standard,AKOS000120101,1ST9049,FS-3891,PEG 10,000,PEG 20,000,NCGC00090703-01,NCGC00090703-02,NCGC00090703-03,NCGC00253996-01,NCGC00259165-01,2,2'-Oxydiethanol, 2-Hydroxyethyl ether,BP-20527,BP-22990,BP-23304,BP-25804,BP-25805,BP-31029,BP-31030,BP-31245,Diethylene glycol, ReagentPlus(R), 99%,SMR000112132,DB-092325,CS-0014055,D0495,ETOFENAMATE IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY],NS00004483,EN300-19318,Diethylene glycol, BioUltra, >=99.0% (GC),Diethylene glycol, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%,E83357,A802367,Diethylene glycol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%,Q421902,J-002580,F1908-0125,9BAE4479-A6DD-4206-83C1-AB625AB87665,Diethylene glycol, puriss. p.a., >=99.0% (GC),colorless,InChI=1/C4H10O3/c5-1-3-7-4-2-6/h5-6H,1-4H,Diethylene glycol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard,162662-01-3,31290-76-3,9002-90-8



APPLICATIONS OF 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXYETHANOL
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol may be used as a solvent to form a solution of sodium pentaphosphacyclopentadienide.


2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2CH2)2O.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol is a colorless, practically odorless, and hygroscopic liquid with a sweetish taste.
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol is a four carbon dimer of ethylene glycol.


2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol is miscible in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethylene glycol.[3]
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol is a widely used solvent.[4]
2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol can be a normal ingredient in various consumer products, and it can be a contaminant.

2,2'-Ethylenedioxyethanol has also been misused to sweeten wine and beer, and to viscosify oral and topical pharmaceutical products.
Its use has resulted in many epidemics of poisoning since the early 20th century.[3]



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXYETHANOL:
【Appearance】

Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid, practically odorless, hygroscopic.
【Solubility in water】

Miscible
【Melting Point】

-7
【Boiling Point】

285
【Vapor Pressure】

0.001 (25 C)
【Density】

1.125 g/cm3 (20 C)
【Heat Of Vaporization】

61.04 kJ/mol
【Heat Of Combustion】

-3566 kJ/mol
【Usage】

In various plastics to increase pliability, in air disinfection.
【Vapor Density】

5.17
【Saturation Concentration】

1.3 ppm (20 C)
【Refractive Index】

1.4529 (25 C)

Density 1.1274 -
Vapor pressure 0.133 Pa
at 25°C
UNEP p.66
Fusion point -5°C
Henry's constant 3.2e-06 Pa.m 3 .mol -1
calculated with EPIWIN
UNEP p.66
Octanol/water partition coefficient (Log Kow) -1.7 -
Chemical name or material Triethylene glycol diacetate
Fusion point -50°C
Density 1.12
Boiling point 286°C
Flash point 163°C (325°F)
Refractive index 1.44
Quantity 250 g
Beilstein 1789453
Formula weight 234.25
Purity percentage 98%


SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2,2'-ETHYLENEDIOXYETHANOL
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.


2,3-DIHYDROXYBUTANEDIOIC ACID
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is an organic acid found in many vegetables and fruits such as bananas, and grapes, but also in bananas, citrus, and tamarinds.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, but also in tamarinds, bananas, avocados and citrus.
Naturally occurring 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a useful raw material in organic chemical synthesis.

CAS Number: 87-69-4
EC Number: 205-695-6
Molecular Formula: C4H6O6
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09

Synonyms: (+)-L-Tartaric acid, (+)-Tartaric acid, 87-69-4, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, L-Tartaric acid, L(+)-Tartaric acid, tartaric acid, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, (R,R)-Tartaric acid, Threaric acid, L-threaric acid, Dextrotartaric acid, Natural tartaric acid, Acidum tartaricum, DL-Tartaric acid, (2R,3R)-(+)-Tartaric acid, (+)-(R,R)-Tartaric acid, Tartaric acid, L-, Rechtsweinsaeure, Kyselina vinna, (2R,3R)-Tartaric acid, (R,R)-(+)-Tartaric acid, tartrate, Succinic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy, Weinsteinsaeure, L-2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, 133-37-9, (2R,3R)-rel-2,3-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, 1,2-Dihydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, EINECS 201-766-0, (+)-Weinsaeure, NSC 62778, FEMA No. 3044, INS NO.334, DTXSID8023632, UNII-W4888I119H, CHEBI:15671, Kyselina 2,3-dihydroxybutandiova, AI3-06298, Lamb protein (fungal), INS-334, (+/-)-Tartaric Acid, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (2R,3R)-, (R,R)-tartrate, NSC-62778, W4888I119H, Tartaric acid (VAN), Kyselina vinna [Czech], DTXCID203632, E 334, E-334, RR-tartaric acid, (+)-(2R,3R)-Tartaric acid, Tartaric acid, L-(+)-, EC 201-766-0, TARTARIC ACID (L(+)-), Tartaric acid [USAN:JAN], Weinsaeure, BAROS COMPONENT TARTARIC ACID, L-2,3-DIHYDROXYSUCCINIC ACID, MFCD00064207, C4H6O6, L-tartarate, 4J4Z8788N8, 138508-61-9, (2R,3R)-2,3-Dihydroxybernsteinsaeure, TARTARIC ACID COMPONENT OF BAROS, Resolvable tartaric acid, d-alpha,beta-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, TARTARIC ACID (II), TARTARIC ACID [II], 144814-09-5, Kyselina 2,3-dihydroxybutandiova [Czech], REL-(2R,3R)-2,3-DIHYDROXYBUTANEDIOIC ACID, TARTARIC ACID (MART.), TARTARIC ACID [MART.], (1R,2R)-1,2-Dihydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, TARTARIC ACID (USP-RS), TARTARIC ACID [USP-RS], BUTANEDIOIC ACID, 2,3-DIHYDROXY-, (R-(R*,R*))-, Tartaric acid D,L, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (R-(R*,R*))-, TARTARIC ACID (EP MONOGRAPH), TARTARIC ACID [EP MONOGRAPH], Tartarate, DL-TARTARICACID, 132517-61-4, L(+) tartaric acid, (2RS,3RS)-Tartaric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-succinic acid, Traubensaeure, Vogesensaeure, Weinsaure, acide tartrique, acido tartarico, tartaric-acid, para-Weinsaeure, L-Threaric aci, 4ebt, NSC 148314, NSC-148314, (r,r)-tartarate, (+)-tartarate, l(+)tartaric acid, Tartaric acid; L-(+)-Tartaric acid, Tartaric acid (TN), (+-)-Tartaric acid, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R*,R*)-, L-(+) tartaric acid, (2R,3R)-Tartarate, 1d5r, DL TARTARIC ACID, TARTARICUM ACIDUM, 2,3-dihydroxy-succinate, TARTARIC ACID,DL-, SCHEMBL5762, TARTARIC ACID, DL-, Tartaric acid (JP17/NF), TARTARIC ACID [FCC], TARTARIC ACID [JAN], d-a,b-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, TARTARIC ACID [INCI], MLS001336057, L-TARTARIC ACID [MI], TARTARIC ACID [VANDF], DL-TARTARIC ACID [MI], CCRIS 8978, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ACS, TARTARIC ACID [WHO-DD], CHEMBL1236315, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, BioXtra, TARTARICUM ACIDUM [HPUS], UNII-4J4Z8788N8, (2R,3R)-2,3-tartaric acid, CHEBI:26849, HMS2270G22, Pharmakon1600-01300044, TARTARIC ACID, DL- [II], TARTARIC ACID, (+/-)-, TARTARIC ACID,DL- [VANDF], HY-Y0293, STR02377, TARTARIC ACID [ORANGE BOOK], EINECS 205-105-7, Tox21_300155, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinicacid, NSC759609, s6233, AKOS016843282, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, >=99.5%, CS-W020107, DB09459, NSC-759609, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-succinic acid, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-; Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R-(R*,R*))-, CAS-87-69-4, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, AR, >=99%, (R*,R*)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, NCGC00247911-01, NCGC00254043-01, BP-31012, SMR000112492, SBI-0207063.P001, (2R,3R)-rel-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, NS00074184, T0025, EN300-72271, (R*,R*)-(+-)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, C00898, D00103, D70248, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, >=99.7%, FCC, FG, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, BioUltra, >=99.5% (T), J-500964, J-520420, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, SAJ first grade, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, tested according to Ph.Eur., Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R*,R*)-(+-)-, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, JIS special grade, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, natural, >=99.7%, FCC, FG, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%, Q18226455, F8880-9012, Z1147451717, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (theta,theta)-(+-)-, 000189E3-11D0-4B0A-8C7B-31E02A48A51F, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), Tartaric acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ACS reagent, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 99.5%, Tartaric Acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is an organic acid found in many vegetables and fruits such as bananas, and grapes, but also in bananas, citrus, and tamarinds.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also known as 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid or Racemic acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to generate carbon dioxide.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a diprotic aldaric acid which is crystalline white.
Baking powder is a mixture of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid with sodium bicarbonate.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is widely used in the field of pharmaceuticals.
High doses of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can lead to paralysis or death.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is one of the least antimicrobial of the organic acids known to inactivate fewer microorganisms and inhibit less microbial growth in comparison with most other organic acids (including acetic, ascorbic, benzoic, citric, formic, fumaric, lactic, levulinic, malic, and propionic acids) in the published scientific literature.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a tetraric acid, which is butanedioic acid substituted with hydroxy groups at the 2 and 3 positions.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite and a plant metabolite.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a conjugate acid of 3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, but also in tamarinds, bananas, avocados and citrus.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid salt, potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar, develops naturally in the process of fermentation.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as baking powder used as a leavening agent in food preparation.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid itself is added to foods as an antioxidant E334 and to impart 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid distinctive sour taste.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is an organic acid that naturally occurs in many fruits, most notably in grapes but also in bananas and citrus fruits.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white, crystalline solid which can easily be dissolved in water.

Approx. 50 % of the produced 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is subsequently used by the food and pharmaceutical industry, the other half is used in technical applications.
When added to food or beverage products, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is denoted by E-number E 334.

Besides that, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid and its derivatives are often used in the field of pharmaceuticals or as a chelating agent in the farming and metal industry.

Naturally occurring 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a useful raw material in organic chemical synthesis.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many plants, most notably in grapes.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many plants, most notably in grapes.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white crystalline diprotic organic acid.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid occurs naturally in many plants, particularly in grapes, bananas, and tamarinds.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also one of the main acids found in wine.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can be added to food when a sour taste is desired.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also used as an antioxidant.

Salts of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid are known as tartarates.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a dihydroxy derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is found in cream of tartar and baking powder.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in silvering mirrors, tanning leather, and in Rochelle Salt.
In medical analysis, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to make solutions for the determination of glucose.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid containing two stereocenters.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid exists as a pair of enantiomers and an achiral meso compound.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is present in many fruits (fruit acid), and 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid monopotassium salt is found as a deposit during the fermentation of grape juice.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a historical compound, dating back to when Louis Pasteur separated 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid into two enantiomers with a magnifying lens and a pair of tweezers more than 160 years ago.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid has a stronger, sharper taste than citric acid.
Although 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is renowned for its natural occurrence in grapes, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid also occurs in apples, cherries, papaya, peach, pear, pineapple, strawberries, mangos, and citrus fruits.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used preferentially in foods containing cranberries or grapes, notably wines, jellies, and confectioneries.
Commercially, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is prepared from the waste products of the wine industry and is more expensive than most acidulants, including citric and malic acids.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is one of the least antimicrobial of the organic acids known to inactivate fewer microorganisms and inhibit less microbial growth in comparison with most other organic acids (including acetic, ascorbic, benzoic, citric, formic, fumaric, lactic, levulinic, malic, and propionic acids) in the published scientific literature.
Furthermore, when dissolved in hard water, undesirable insoluble precipitates of calcium tartrate can form.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is an abundant constituent of many fruits such as grapes and bananas and exhibits a slightly astringent and refreshing sour taste.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is one of the main acids found in wine.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is added to other foods to give a sour taste and is normally used with other acids such as citric acid and malic acid as an additive in soft drinks, candies, and so on.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is produced by acid hydrolysis of calcium tartrate, which is prepared from potassium tartrate obtained as a by-product during wine production.
Optically active 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used for the chiral resolution of amines and also as an asymmetric catalyst.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is the most water-soluble of the solid acidulants.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid contributes a strong tart taste that enhances fruit flavors, particularly grape and lime.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is often used as an acidulant in grape- and lime-flavored beverages, gelatin desserts, jams, jellies, and hard sour confectionery.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, a dicarboxylic acid, one of the most widely distributed of plant acids, with a number of food and industrial uses.
Along with several of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid salts, cream of tartar (potassium hydrogen tartrate) and Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate), 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is obtained from by-products of wine fermentation.

Study of the crystallographic, chemical, and optical properties of the 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acids by French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur laid the basis for modern ideas of stereoisomerism.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is widely used as an acidulant in carbonated drinks, effervescent tablets, gelatin desserts, and fruit jellies.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid has many industrial applications—e.g., in cleaning and polishing metals, in calico printing, in wool dyeing, and in certain photographic printing and development processes.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in silvering mirrors, in processing cheese, and in compounding mild cathartics.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is incorporated into baking powders, hard candies, and taffies; and 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is employed in the cleaning of brass, the electrolytic tinning of iron and steel, and the coating of other metals with gold and silver.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is an organic acid.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also known as 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid or Racemic acid.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is in use to generate carbon dioxide.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a diprotic aldaric acid.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is widely in use in the field of pharmaceuticals.
A High dose of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can affect our body to a great extent.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a white and crystalline that occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables and most notably in grapes.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also present in bananas, tamarinds, and citrus.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as a baking powder that is in use as a leavening agent in food preparation.
The 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is added to foods being an antioxidant i.e., E334 and to impart 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid distinctive sour taste.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, sometimes called racemic acid, is an organic compound that naturally occurs in plants, wine, and many fruits, such as grapes, tamarinds, citrus, and bananas.
The acid is available as a white solid that’s soluble in water.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid salt, commonly referred to as cream of tartar, is created naturally through fermentation.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is made from potassium acid tartrate obtained from different by-products of the wine industry, such as lees, argol, and press cakes from fermented grape juice.
This dibasic acid is usually mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is available as baking powder commonly used as a food additive.

Uses of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is Levo form of dextrorotatory 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is found throughout nature and classified as a fruit acid.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in soft drinks and foods, as an acidulant, complexing agent, pharmaceutic aid (buffering agent), in photography, tanning, ceramics, and to make tartrates.
Diethyl and dibutyl ester derivatives are commercially significant for use in lacquers and in textile printing.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as an intermediate, in construction and ceramics applications, in cleaning products, cosmetics/personal care products, and metal surface treatments (including galvanic and electroplating products).
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as a flavoring agent, anticaking agent, drying agent, firming agent, humectant, leavening agent, and pH control agent for foods.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to improve the taste of oral medications.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to chelate metal ions such as magnesium and calcium.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in recipes as a leavening agent along with baking soda.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as an antioxidant.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is as one of the important acids in wine.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in foods to give a sour taste.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is sometimes used to induce vomiting.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to make silver mirrors.

In its ester form, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in the dyeing of textiles.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in the tanning of leather.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in candies.
In its cream form, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as a stabilizer in food.

Food industry:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as acidifier and natural preservative for marmalades, ice cream, jellies, juices, preserves, and beverages.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as effervescent for carbonated water.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as emulsifier and preservative in the bread-making industry and in the preparation of candies and sweets.

Oenology:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as an acidifier.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in musts and wines to prepare wines that are more balanced from the point of view of taste, the result being an increase in their degree of acidity and a decrease in their pH content.

Pharmaceuticals industry:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as an excipient for the preparation of effervescent tablets.

Construction industry:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in cement, plaster, and plaster of Paris to retard drying and facilitate the handling of these materials.

Cosmetics industry:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as a basic component of many natural body crèmes.

Chemical sector:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in galvanic baths.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in electronics industry.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as mordant in the textile industry.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as an anti-oxidant in industrial greases.

Industry Uses:
Processing aids not otherwise specified

Consumer Uses:
Processing aids not otherwise specified

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Electroplating
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Leather Tanning and Processing
Photographic Processing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Usage Areas of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, this crystalline acid, is commonly seen in plants and fruits.
The chemical formula of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, an organic acid, is C4H6O6 and its density is 1.788g/cm.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in different branches of industry, especially industry.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is generally preferred for the fermentation of wine and is formed as a byproduct of potassium during fermentation.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is frequently used in wool dyeing, polishing, gelatin, desserts and sodas.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, which is mostly found in grape fruits, also occurs in some fruits other than grapes.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, which is formed from the mixture of raceme, is called levo.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acids are among the water-soluble dicarboxylic acids.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to give a sour taste to foods.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, E334, is a good antioxidant.

The most common use of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is in soda production.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, which is used to flavor soda, is an indispensable component of soda.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is preferred for dyeing wool.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can be used for polishing, polishing and cleaning metals.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to release carbon dioxide in bakery products.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, an indispensable ingredient in gelatin desserts, is generally preferred as a thickener in products such as meringue, Turkish delight and whipped cream.

The form of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid obtained from grapes is generally preferred in pastry.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can be preferred over baking powder for rising cakes.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, which is frequently found in fruits and has a tart and strong taste, is preferred for winemaking and fermentation of wine.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in making marmalade and jams.

Applications of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid and its derivatives have a plethora of uses in the field of pharmaceuticals.
For example, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid has been used in the production of effervescent salts, in combination with citric acid, to improve the taste of oral medications.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid also has several applications for industrial use.

The acid has been observed to chelate metal ions such as calcium and magnesium.
Therefore, the acid has served in the farming and metal industries as a chelating agent for complexing micronutrients in soil fertilizer and for cleaning metal surfaces consisting of aluminium, copper, iron, and alloys of these metals, respectively.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in fuels and fuel additives, laboratory chemicals, lubricants and lubricant additives, coating agents and surface treatment agents.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in processing aids and petroleum production specific processing aids.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in ink, toner and coloring products, laboratory use, lubricants and greases.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is found in cream of tartar, which is used in making candies and frostings for cakes.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also used in baking powder where 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid serves as the source of acid that reacts with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda).
This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas and lets products “rise,” but 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid does so without the “yeast” taste that can result from using active yeast cultures as a source of the carbon dioxide gas.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used in silvering mirrors, tanning leather, and in the making of Rochelle Salt, which is sometimes used as a laxative.
Blue prints are made with ferric tartarte as the source of the blue ink.

In medical analysis, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to make solutions for the determination of glucose.
Common esters of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid are diethyl tartarate and dibutyl tartrate.
Both are made by reacting 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid with the appropriate alcohol, ethanol or n-butanol.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid in wine:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid may be most immediately recognizable to wine drinkers as the source of "wine diamonds", the small potassium bitartrate crystals that sometimes form spontaneously on the cork or bottom of the bottle.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid plays an important role chemically, lowering the pH of fermenting "must" to a level where many undesirable spoilage bacteria cannot live, and acting as a preservative after fermentation.
In the mouth, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid provides some of the tartness in the wine, although citric and malic acids also play a role.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid in fruits:
Grapes and tamarinds have the highest levels of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid concentration.
Other fruits with 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid are bananas, avocados, prickly pear fruit, apples, cherries, papayas, peaches, pears, pineapples, strawberries, mangoes and citrus fruits.

Results from a study showed that in citrus (oranges, lemons and mandarins), fruits produced in organic farming contain higher levels of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid than fruits produced in conventional agriculture.

Trace amounts of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid have been found in cranberries and other berries.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is also present in the leaves and pods of Pelargonium plants and beans.

Retarding Agent:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is widely used as a retarding agent in oilfield applications as well as in cementitious-based systems.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid works by slowing the setting of cement by impeding certain reactions during the hydration of the cement process.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid retards various steps, including ettringite formation and C3A hydration.

Food Additive:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid also has many uses in the food industry.
As an acidulant, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid offers a pleasant sour taste and gives food a sharp flavor.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid also serves as a preservative food agent and can help set gels.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is usually added to most products, including carbonated beverages, gelatin, fruit jellies, and effervescent tablets.
This acid is also used as an ingredient in candy and various brands of baking powders and leavening systems to make goods rise.

Industrial Applications:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid has many industrial applications.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid’s used in gold and silver plating, making blue ink for blueprints, tanning leather, and cleaning and polishing metals.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid’s also one of the ingredients in Rochelle Salt, which is luxuriant and reacts with silver nitrate to form the silvering in mirrors.

Commercial Application:
The by-products obtained from the fermentation of wine during the production of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid are heated with calcium hydroxide.
This causes calcium tartrate to develop a residue, which is further treated with sulfuric acid to form a mixture of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid and calcium sulfate.
Once the mixture is separated, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is purified and used for commercial production.

Other 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid uses include pharmaceutical applications to produce effervescent salt that helps enhance the taste of oral medications.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid’s also used in the metals and farming industry as a chelating agent for cleaning metal surfaces and adding nutrients to the soil.

Derivatives of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:

Important derivatives of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid include:
Sodium ammonium tartrate, the first material separated into 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid enantiomers
Cream of tartar (potassium bitartrate), used in cooking
Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate), which has unusual optical properties
Tartar emetic (antimony potassium tartrate), a resolving agent.
Diisopropyl tartrate is used as a co-catalyst in asymmetric synthesis.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is a muscle toxin, which works by inhibiting the production of malic acid, and in high doses causes paralysis and death.
As a food additive, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used as an antioxidant with E number E334; 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acids are other additives serving as antioxidants or emulsifiers.

Production of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is industrially produced in the largest amounts.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is obtained from lees, a solid byproduct of fermentations.
The former byproducts mostly consist of potassium bitartrate (KHC4H4O6).

This potassium salt is converted to calcium tartrate (CaC4H4O6) upon treatment with calcium hydroxide "milk of lime" (Ca(OH)2):
KH(C4H4O6) + Ca(OH)2 -> Ca(C4H4O6) + KOH + H2O

In practice, higher yields of calcium tartrate are obtained with the addition of calcium chloride.

Calcium tartrate is then converted to 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid by treating the salt with aqueous sulfuric acid:
Ca(C4H4O6) + H2SO4 -> H2(C4H4O6) + CaSO4

Racemic 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
Racemic 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can be prepared in a multistep reaction from maleic acid.

In the first step, the maleic acid is epoxidized by hydrogen peroxide using potassium tungstate as a catalyst.
HO2CC2H2CO2H + H2O2 → OC2H2(CO2H) 2

In the next step, the epoxide is hydrolyzed.
OC2H2(CO2H)2 + H2O → (HOCH)2(CO2H)2

meso-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
A mixture of racemic acid and meso-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is formed when dextro-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is heated in water at 165 °C for about 2 days.

meso-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can also be prepared from dibromosuccinic acid using silver hydroxide:
HO2CCHBrCHBrCO2H + 2 AgOH → HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H + 2 AgBr

meso-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid can be separated from residual racemic acid by crystallization, the racemate being less soluble.

General Manufacturing Information of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
Construction
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable

Stereochemistry of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
Naturally occurring form of the acid is dextro 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid.
Because 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is available naturally, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is cheaper than its enantiomer and the meso isomer.

Dextro and levo form monoclinic sphenoidal crystals and orthorhombic crystals.
Racemic 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid forms monoclinic and triclinic crystals (space group P1).

Anhydrous meso 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid form two anhydrous polymorphs: triclinic and orthorhombic.
Monohydrated meso 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid crystallizes as monoclinic and triclinic polymorphys depending on the temperature at which crystallization from aqueous solution occurs.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid in Fehling's solution binds to copper(II) ions, preventing the formation of insoluble hydroxide salts.

History of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid has been known to winemakers for centuries.
However, the chemical process for extraction was developed in 1769 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid played an important role in the discovery of chemical chirality.
This property of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid was first observed in 1832 by Jean Baptiste Biot, who observed 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid ability to rotate polarized light.

Louis Pasteur continued this research in 1847 by investigating the shapes of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals, which he found to be chiral.
By manually sorting the differently shaped crystals, Pasteur was the first to produce a pure sample of levo2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:

Pharmacodynamics:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is used to generate carbon dioxide through interaction with sodium bicarbonate following oral administration.
Carbon dioxide extends the stomach and provides a negative contrast medium during double contrast radiography.
In high doses, this agent acts as a muscle toxin by inhibiting the production of malic acid, which could cause paralysis and maybe death.

Route of Elimination:
Only about 15-20% of consumed 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid is secreted in the urine unchanged.

Metabolism / Metabolites:
Most tartarate that is consumed by humans is metabolized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, primarily in the large instestine.

Human Metabolite Information of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:

Tissue Locations:
Adipose Tissue
Platelet
Prostate

Cellular Locations:
Cytoplasm

Reactivity of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, can participate in several reactions.

As shown the reaction scheme below, dihydroxymaleic acid is produced upon treatment of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a ferrous salt.
HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H + H2O2 → HO2CC(OH)C(OH)CO2H + 2 H2O

Dihydroxymaleic acid can then be oxidized to 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid with nitric acid.

Accidental Release Measures of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:

Spillage Disposal:

Personal protection:
Particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid.
Sweep spilled substance into covered containers.

If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.
Store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Identifiers of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
CAS Number:
R,R-isomer: 87-69-4
S,S-isomer: 147-71-7
racemic: 133-37-9
meso-isomer: 147-73-9
ChEBI: CHEBI:15674

ChEMBL:
ChEMBL333714
ChEMBL1200861

ChemSpider: 852
DrugBank: DB01694
ECHA InfoCard: 100.121.903
E number: E334 (antioxidants, ...)
KEGG: C00898
MeSH: tartaric+acid
PubChem CID: 875 unspecified isomer
UNII: W4888I119H
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5046986
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)
Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)
Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYAZ
SMILES: O=C(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)O

CAS number: 147-71-7
EC number: 205-695-6
Hill Formula: C₄H₆O₆
Chemical formula: HOOCCH(OH)CH(OH)COOH
Molar Mass: 150.09 g/mol
HS Code: 2918 12 00

CAS: 87-69-4
Molecular Formula: C4H6O6
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09
MDL Number: MFCD00064207
InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N
PubChem CID: 444305
ChEBI: CHEBI:15671
SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O

Properties of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
Chemical formula:
C4H6O6 (basic formula)
HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H (structural formula)

Molar mass: 150.087 g/mol
Appearance: White powder

Density:
1.737 g/cm3 (R,R- and S,S-)
1.79 g/cm3 (racemate)
1.886 g/cm3 (meso)

Melting point:
169, 172 °C (R,R- and S,S-)
206 °C (racemate)
165-6 °C (meso)

Solubility in water:
1.33 kg/L (L or D-tartaric)
0.21 kg/L (DL, racemic)
1.25 kg/L ("meso")

Acidity (pKa): L(+) 25 °C: pKa1= 2.89, pKa2= 4.40
meso 25 °C: pKa1= 3.22, pKa2= 4.85
Conjugate base: Bitartrate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −67.5·10−6 cm3/mol

Density: 1.8 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 210 °C
Ignition temperature: 425 °C
Melting Point: 172 - 174 °C
Solubility: 1394 g/l

grade: ACS reagent
Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 5.18 (vs air)
Assay: ≥99.5%

form:
crystalline powder
crystals

optical activity: [α]20/D +12.4°, c = 20 in H2O
optical purity: ee: 99% (GLC)
autoignition temp.: 797 °F

impurities:
≤0.002% S compounds
≤0.005% insolubles

ign. residue: ≤0.02%
mp: 170-172 °C (lit.)

anion traces:
chloride (Cl-): ≤0.001%
oxalate (C2O42-): passes test
phosphate (PO43-): ≤0.001%

cation traces:
Fe: ≤5 ppm
heavy metals (as Pb): ≤5 ppm

SMILES string: O[C@H]([C@@H](O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI: 1S/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t1-,2-/m1/s1
InChI key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N

Molecular Weight: 150.09 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -1.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 150.01643791 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 150.01643791 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 115Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Complexity: 134
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
Assay (acidimetric): ≥ 99.0 %
Melting range (lower value): ≥ 166 °C
Melting range (upper value): ≤ 169 °C
Spec. rotation [α²0/D (c=10 in water): -14.0 - -12.0 °
Identity (IR): passes test

Melting Point: 168.0°C to 172.0°C
Color: White or Colorless
Assay Percent Range: 99+%
Linear Formula: HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: 1390g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: soluble in methanol, ethanol, propanol and, glycerol, 4g/L ether, insoluble in chloroform
IUPAC Name: 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid
Formula Weight: 150.09
Percent Purity: ≥99%
Quantity: 500 g
Flash Point: 210°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Loss on Drying: 0.5% (1g, 105°C) max.
Packaging: Plastic bottle
Physical Form: Crystals or Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: L(+)-Tartaric acid

Related compounds of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:
2,3-Butanediol
Cichoric acid

Other cations:
Monosodium tartrate
Disodium tartrate
Monopotassium tartrate
Dipotassium tartrate

Related carboxylic acids:
Butyric acid
Succinic acid
Dimercaptosuccinic acid
Malic acid
Maleic acid
Fumaric acid

Names of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid:

Preferred IUPAC name:
2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid

Other names:
Tartaric acid
2,3-Dihydroxysuccinic acid
Threaric acid
Racemic acid
Uvic acid
Paratartaric acid
Winestone
2,3-DIHYDROXYSUCCINIC ACID
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is an organic acid found in many vegetables and fruits such as bananas, and grapes, but also in bananas, citrus, and tamarinds.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, but also in tamarinds, bananas, avocados and citrus.
Naturally occurring 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a useful raw material in organic chemical synthesis.

CAS Number: 87-69-4
EC Number: 205-695-6
Molecular Formula: C4H6O6
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09

Synonyms: (+)-L-Tartaric acid, (+)-Tartaric acid, 87-69-4, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, L-Tartaric acid, L(+)-Tartaric acid, tartaric acid, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, (R,R)-Tartaric acid, Threaric acid, L-threaric acid, Dextrotartaric acid, Natural tartaric acid, Acidum tartaricum, DL-Tartaric acid, (2R,3R)-(+)-Tartaric acid, (+)-(R,R)-Tartaric acid, Tartaric acid, L-, Rechtsweinsaeure, Kyselina vinna, (2R,3R)-Tartaric acid, (R,R)-(+)-Tartaric acid, tartrate, Succinic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy, Weinsteinsaeure, L-2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, 133-37-9, (2R,3R)-rel-2,3-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, 1,2-Dihydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, EINECS 201-766-0, (+)-Weinsaeure, NSC 62778, FEMA No. 3044, INS NO.334, DTXSID8023632, UNII-W4888I119H, CHEBI:15671, Kyselina 2,3-dihydroxybutandiova, AI3-06298, Lamb protein (fungal), INS-334, (+/-)-Tartaric Acid, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (2R,3R)-, (R,R)-tartrate, NSC-62778, W4888I119H, Tartaric acid (VAN), Kyselina vinna [Czech], DTXCID203632, E 334, E-334, RR-tartaric acid, (+)-(2R,3R)-Tartaric acid, Tartaric acid, L-(+)-, EC 201-766-0, TARTARIC ACID (L(+)-), Tartaric acid [USAN:JAN], Weinsaeure, BAROS COMPONENT TARTARIC ACID, L-2,3-DIHYDROXYSUCCINIC ACID, MFCD00064207, C4H6O6, L-tartarate, 4J4Z8788N8, 138508-61-9, (2R,3R)-2,3-Dihydroxybernsteinsaeure, TARTARIC ACID COMPONENT OF BAROS, Resolvable tartaric acid, d-alpha,beta-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, TARTARIC ACID (II), TARTARIC ACID [II], 144814-09-5, Kyselina 2,3-dihydroxybutandiova [Czech], REL-(2R,3R)-2,3-DIHYDROXYBUTANEDIOIC ACID, TARTARIC ACID (MART.), TARTARIC ACID [MART.], (1R,2R)-1,2-Dihydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, TARTARIC ACID (USP-RS), TARTARIC ACID [USP-RS], BUTANEDIOIC ACID, 2,3-DIHYDROXY-, (R-(R*,R*))-, Tartaric acid D,L, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (R-(R*,R*))-, TARTARIC ACID (EP MONOGRAPH), TARTARIC ACID [EP MONOGRAPH], Tartarate, DL-TARTARICACID, 132517-61-4, L(+) tartaric acid, (2RS,3RS)-Tartaric acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-succinic acid, Traubensaeure, Vogesensaeure, Weinsaure, acide tartrique, acido tartarico, tartaric-acid, para-Weinsaeure, L-Threaric aci, 4ebt, NSC 148314, NSC-148314, (r,r)-tartarate, (+)-tartarate, l(+)tartaric acid, Tartaric acid; L-(+)-Tartaric acid, Tartaric acid (TN), (+-)-Tartaric acid, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R*,R*)-, L-(+) tartaric acid, (2R,3R)-Tartarate, 1d5r, DL TARTARIC ACID, TARTARICUM ACIDUM, 2,3-dihydroxy-succinate, TARTARIC ACID,DL-, SCHEMBL5762, TARTARIC ACID, DL-, Tartaric acid (JP17/NF), TARTARIC ACID [FCC], TARTARIC ACID [JAN], d-a,b-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, TARTARIC ACID [INCI], MLS001336057, L-TARTARIC ACID [MI], TARTARIC ACID [VANDF], DL-TARTARIC ACID [MI], CCRIS 8978, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ACS, TARTARIC ACID [WHO-DD], CHEMBL1236315, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, BioXtra, TARTARICUM ACIDUM [HPUS], UNII-4J4Z8788N8, (2R,3R)-2,3-tartaric acid, CHEBI:26849, HMS2270G22, Pharmakon1600-01300044, TARTARIC ACID, DL- [II], TARTARIC ACID, (+/-)-, TARTARIC ACID,DL- [VANDF], HY-Y0293, STR02377, TARTARIC ACID [ORANGE BOOK], EINECS 205-105-7, Tox21_300155, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinicacid, NSC759609, s6233, AKOS016843282, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, >=99.5%, CS-W020107, DB09459, NSC-759609, (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-succinic acid, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-; Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R-(R*,R*))-, CAS-87-69-4, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, AR, >=99%, (R*,R*)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, NCGC00247911-01, NCGC00254043-01, BP-31012, SMR000112492, SBI-0207063.P001, (2R,3R)-rel-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, NS00074184, T0025, EN300-72271, (R*,R*)-(+-)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, C00898, D00103, D70248, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, >=99.7%, FCC, FG, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ACS reagent, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, BioUltra, >=99.5% (T), J-500964, J-520420, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, SAJ first grade, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, tested according to Ph.Eur., Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R*,R*)-(+-)-, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, JIS special grade, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, natural, >=99.7%, FCC, FG, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 99%, Q18226455, F8880-9012, Z1147451717, Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (theta,theta)-(+-)-, 000189E3-11D0-4B0A-8C7B-31E02A48A51F, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), Tartaric acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ACS reagent, >=99.5%, L-(+)-Tartaric acid, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 99.5%, Tartaric Acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is an organic acid found in many vegetables and fruits such as bananas, and grapes, but also in bananas, citrus, and tamarinds.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also known as Racemic acid or Tartaric acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to generate carbon dioxide.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a diprotic aldaric acid which is crystalline white.
Baking powder is a mixture of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid with sodium bicarbonate.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is widely used in the field of pharmaceuticals.
High doses of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can lead to paralysis or death.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is one of the least antimicrobial of the organic acids known to inactivate fewer microorganisms and inhibit less microbial growth in comparison with most other organic acids (including acetic, ascorbic, benzoic, citric, formic, fumaric, lactic, levulinic, malic, and propionic acids) in the published scientific literature.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a tetraric acid, which is butanedioic acid substituted with hydroxy groups at the 2 and 3 positions.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite and a plant metabolite.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a conjugate acid of 3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes, but also in tamarinds, bananas, avocados and citrus.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid salt, potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar, develops naturally in the process of fermentation.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as baking powder used as a leavening agent in food preparation.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid itself is added to foods as an antioxidant E334 and to impart 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid distinctive sour taste.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is an organic acid that naturally occurs in many fruits, most notably in grapes but also in bananas and citrus fruits.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white, crystalline solid which can easily be dissolved in water.

Approx. 50 % of the produced 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is subsequently used by the food and pharmaceutical industry, the other half is used in technical applications.
When added to food or beverage products, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is denoted by E-number E 334.

Besides that, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid and its derivatives are often used in the field of pharmaceuticals or as a chelating agent in the farming and metal industry.

Naturally occurring 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a useful raw material in organic chemical synthesis.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many plants, most notably in grapes.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many plants, most notably in grapes.
2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, is diprotic and aldaric in acid characteristics, and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white crystalline diprotic organic acid.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid occurs naturally in many plants, particularly in grapes, bananas, and tamarinds.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also one of the main acids found in wine.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can be added to food when a sour taste is desired.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also used as an antioxidant.

Salts of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid are known as tartarates.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a dihydroxy derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is found in cream of tartar and baking powder.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in silvering mirrors, tanning leather, and in Rochelle Salt.
In medical analysis, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to make solutions for the determination of glucose.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid containing two stereocenters.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid exists as a pair of enantiomers and an achiral meso compound.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is present in many fruits (fruit acid), and 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid monopotassium salt is found as a deposit during the fermentation of grape juice.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a historical compound, dating back to when Louis Pasteur separated 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid into two enantiomers with a magnifying lens and a pair of tweezers more than 160 years ago.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid has a stronger, sharper taste than citric acid.
Although 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is renowned for its natural occurrence in grapes, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid also occurs in apples, cherries, papaya, peach, pear, pineapple, strawberries, mangos, and citrus fruits.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used preferentially in foods containing cranberries or grapes, notably wines, jellies, and confectioneries.
Commercially, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is prepared from the waste products of the wine industry and is more expensive than most acidulants, including citric and malic acids.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is one of the least antimicrobial of the organic acids known to inactivate fewer microorganisms and inhibit less microbial growth in comparison with most other organic acids (including acetic, ascorbic, benzoic, citric, formic, fumaric, lactic, levulinic, malic, and propionic acids) in the published scientific literature.
Furthermore, when dissolved in hard water, undesirable insoluble precipitates of calcium tartrate can form.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is an abundant constituent of many fruits such as grapes and bananas and exhibits a slightly astringent and refreshing sour taste.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is one of the main acids found in wine.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is added to other foods to give a sour taste and is normally used with other acids such as citric acid and malic acid as an additive in soft drinks, candies, and so on.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is produced by acid hydrolysis of calcium tartrate, which is prepared from potassium tartrate obtained as a by-product during wine production.
Optically active 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used for the chiral resolution of amines and also as an asymmetric catalyst.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is the most water-soluble of the solid acidulants.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid contributes a strong tart taste that enhances fruit flavors, particularly grape and lime.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is often used as an acidulant in grape- and lime-flavored beverages, gelatin desserts, jams, jellies, and hard sour confectionery.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, a dicarboxylic acid, one of the most widely distributed of plant acids, with a number of food and industrial uses.
Along with several of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid salts, cream of tartar (potassium hydrogen tartrate) and Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate), 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is obtained from by-products of wine fermentation.

Study of the crystallographic, chemical, and optical properties of the 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acids by French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur laid the basis for modern ideas of stereoisomerism.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is widely used as an acidulant in carbonated drinks, effervescent tablets, gelatin desserts, and fruit jellies.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid has many industrial applications—e.g., in cleaning and polishing metals, in calico printing, in wool dyeing, and in certain photographic printing and development processes.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in silvering mirrors, in processing cheese, and in compounding mild cathartics.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is incorporated into baking powders, hard candies, and taffies; and 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is employed in the cleaning of brass, the electrolytic tinning of iron and steel, and the coating of other metals with gold and silver.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is an organic acid.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also known as Racemic acid or Tartaric acid.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is in use to generate carbon dioxide.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a diprotic aldaric acid.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is an alpha-hydroxy-carboxylic acid and is a dihydroxyl derivative of succinic acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is widely in use in the field of pharmaceuticals.
A High dose of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can affect our body to a great extent.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a white and crystalline that occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables and most notably in grapes.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also present in bananas, tamarinds, and citrus.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is commonly mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is sold as a baking powder that is in use as a leavening agent in food preparation.
The 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is added to foods being an antioxidant i.e., E334 and to impart 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid distinctive sour taste.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, sometimes called Tartaric acid, is an organic compound that naturally occurs in plants, wine, and many fruits, such as grapes, tamarinds, citrus, and bananas.
The acid is available as a white solid that’s soluble in water.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid salt, commonly referred to as cream of tartar, is created naturally through fermentation.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is made from potassium acid tartrate obtained from different by-products of the wine industry, such as lees, argol, and press cakes from fermented grape juice.
This dibasic acid is usually mixed with sodium bicarbonate and is available as baking powder commonly used as a food additive.

Uses of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is Levo form of dextrorotatory 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is found throughout nature and classified as a fruit acid.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in soft drinks and foods, as an acidulant, complexing agent, pharmaceutic aid (buffering agent), in photography, tanning, ceramics, and to make tartrates.
Diethyl and dibutyl ester derivatives are commercially significant for use in lacquers and in textile printing.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as an intermediate, in construction and ceramics applications, in cleaning products, cosmetics/personal care products, and metal surface treatments (including galvanic and electroplating products).
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as a flavoring agent, anticaking agent, drying agent, firming agent, humectant, leavening agent, and pH control agent for foods.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to improve the taste of oral medications.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to chelate metal ions such as magnesium and calcium.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in recipes as a leavening agent along with baking soda.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as an antioxidant.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is as one of the important acids in wine.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in foods to give a sour taste.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is sometimes used to induce vomiting.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to make silver mirrors.

In its ester form, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in the dyeing of textiles.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in the tanning of leather.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in candies.
In its cream form, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as a stabilizer in food.

Food industry:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as acidifier and natural preservative for marmalades, ice cream, jellies, juices, preserves, and beverages.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as effervescent for carbonated water.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as emulsifier and preservative in the bread-making industry and in the preparation of candies and sweets.

Oenology:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as an acidifier.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in musts and wines to prepare wines that are more balanced from the point of view of taste, the result being an increase in their degree of acidity and a decrease in their pH content.

Pharmaceuticals industry:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as an excipient for the preparation of effervescent tablets.

Construction industry:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in cement, plaster, and plaster of Paris to retard drying and facilitate the handling of these materials.

Cosmetics industry:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as a basic component of many natural body crèmes.

Chemical sector:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in galvanic baths.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in electronics industry.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as mordant in the textile industry.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as an anti-oxidant in industrial greases.

Industry Uses:
Processing aids not otherwise specified

Consumer Uses:
Processing aids not otherwise specified

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Electroplating
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Leather Tanning and Processing
Photographic Processing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Usage Areas of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, this crystalline acid, is commonly seen in plants and fruits.
The chemical formula of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, an organic acid, is C4H6O6 and its density is 1.788g/cm.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in different branches of industry, especially industry.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is generally preferred for the fermentation of wine and is formed as a byproduct of potassium during fermentation.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is frequently used in wool dyeing, polishing, gelatin, desserts and sodas.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, which is mostly found in grape fruits, also occurs in some fruits other than grapes.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, which is formed from the mixture of raceme, is called levo.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acids are among the water-soluble dicarboxylic acids.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to give a sour taste to foods.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, E334, is a good antioxidant.

The most common use of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is in soda production.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, which is used to flavor soda, is an indispensable component of soda.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is preferred for dyeing wool.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can be used for polishing, polishing and cleaning metals.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to release carbon dioxide in bakery products.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, an indispensable ingredient in gelatin desserts, is generally preferred as a thickener in products such as meringue, Turkish delight and whipped cream.

The form of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid obtained from grapes is generally preferred in pastry.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can be preferred over baking powder for rising cakes.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, which is frequently found in fruits and has a tart and strong taste, is preferred for winemaking and fermentation of wine.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in making marmalade and jams.

Applications of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid and its derivatives have a plethora of uses in the field of pharmaceuticals.
For example, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid has been used in the production of effervescent salts, in combination with citric acid, to improve the taste of oral medications.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid also has several applications for industrial use.

The acid has been observed to chelate metal ions such as calcium and magnesium.
Therefore, the acid has served in the farming and metal industries as a chelating agent for complexing micronutrients in soil fertilizer and for cleaning metal surfaces consisting of aluminium, copper, iron, and alloys of these metals, respectively.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in fuels and fuel additives, laboratory chemicals, lubricants and lubricant additives, coating agents and surface treatment agents.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in processing aids and petroleum production specific processing aids.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in ink, toner and coloring products, laboratory use, lubricants and greases.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is found in cream of tartar, which is used in making candies and frostings for cakes.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also used in baking powder where 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid serves as the source of acid that reacts with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda).
This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas and lets products “rise,” but 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid does so without the “yeast” taste that can result from using active yeast cultures as a source of the carbon dioxide gas.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used in silvering mirrors, tanning leather, and in the making of Rochelle Salt, which is sometimes used as a laxative.
Blue prints are made with ferric tartarte as the source of the blue ink.

In medical analysis, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to make solutions for the determination of glucose.
Common esters of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid are diethyl tartarate and dibutyl tartrate.
Both are made by reacting 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid with the appropriate alcohol, ethanol or n-butanol.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid in wine:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid may be most immediately recognizable to wine drinkers as the source of "wine diamonds", the small potassium bitartrate crystals that sometimes form spontaneously on the cork or bottom of the bottle.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid plays an important role chemically, lowering the pH of fermenting "must" to a level where many undesirable spoilage bacteria cannot live, and acting as a preservative after fermentation.
In the mouth, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid provides some of the tartness in the wine, although citric and malic acids also play a role.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid in fruits:
Grapes and tamarinds have the highest levels of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid concentration.
Other fruits with 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid are bananas, avocados, prickly pear fruit, apples, cherries, papayas, peaches, pears, pineapples, strawberries, mangoes and citrus fruits.

Results from a study showed that in citrus (oranges, lemons and mandarins), fruits produced in organic farming contain higher levels of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid than fruits produced in conventional agriculture.

Trace amounts of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid have been found in cranberries and other berries.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is also present in the leaves and pods of Pelargonium plants and beans.

Retarding Agent:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is widely used as a retarding agent in oilfield applications as well as in cementitious-based systems.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid works by slowing the setting of cement by impeding certain reactions during the hydration of the cement process.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid retards various steps, including ettringite formation and C3A hydration.

Food Additive:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid also has many uses in the food industry.
As an acidulant, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid offers a pleasant sour taste and gives food a sharp flavor.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid also serves as a preservative food agent and can help set gels.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is usually added to most products, including carbonated beverages, gelatin, fruit jellies, and effervescent tablets.
This acid is also used as an ingredient in candy and various brands of baking powders and leavening systems to make goods rise.

Industrial Applications:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid has many industrial applications.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid’s used in gold and silver plating, making blue ink for blueprints, tanning leather, and cleaning and polishing metals.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid’s also one of the ingredients in Rochelle Salt, which is luxuriant and reacts with silver nitrate to form the silvering in mirrors.

Commercial Application:
The by-products obtained from the fermentation of wine during the production of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid are heated with calcium hydroxide.
This causes calcium tartrate to develop a residue, which is further treated with sulfuric acid to form a mixture of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid and calcium sulfate.
Once the mixture is separated, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is purified and used for commercial production.

Other 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid uses include pharmaceutical applications to produce effervescent salt that helps enhance the taste of oral medications.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid’s also used in the metals and farming industry as a chelating agent for cleaning metal surfaces and adding nutrients to the soil.

Derivatives of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:

Important derivatives of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid include:
Sodium ammonium tartrate, the first material separated into 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid enantiomers
Cream of tartar (potassium bitartrate), used in cooking
Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate), which has unusual optical properties
Tartar emetic (antimony potassium tartrate), a resolving agent.
Diisopropyl tartrate is used as a co-catalyst in asymmetric synthesis.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is a muscle toxin, which works by inhibiting the production of malic acid, and in high doses causes paralysis and death.
As a food additive, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used as an antioxidant with E number E334; 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acids are other additives serving as antioxidants or emulsifiers.

Production of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is industrially produced in the largest amounts.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is obtained from lees, a solid byproduct of fermentations.
The former byproducts mostly consist of potassium bitartrate (KHC4H4O6).

This potassium salt is converted to calcium tartrate (CaC4H4O6) upon treatment with calcium hydroxide "milk of lime" (Ca(OH)2):
KH(C4H4O6) + Ca(OH)2 -> Ca(C4H4O6) + KOH + H2O

In practice, higher yields of calcium tartrate are obtained with the addition of calcium chloride.

Calcium tartrate is then converted to 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid by treating the salt with aqueous sulfuric acid:
Ca(C4H4O6) + H2SO4 -> H2(C4H4O6) + CaSO4

Racemic 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
Racemic 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can be prepared in a multistep reaction from maleic acid.

In the first step, the maleic acid is epoxidized by hydrogen peroxide using potassium tungstate as a catalyst.
HO2CC2H2CO2H + H2O2 → OC2H2(CO2H) 2

In the next step, the epoxide is hydrolyzed.
OC2H2(CO2H)2 + H2O → (HOCH)2(CO2H)2

meso-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
A mixture of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid and meso-Tartaric acid is formed when dextro-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is heated in water at 165 °C for about 2 days.

meso-2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid can also be prepared from dibromosuccinic acid using silver hydroxide:
HO2CCHBrCHBrCO2H + 2 AgOH → HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H + 2 AgBr

meso-Tartaric acid can be separated from residual 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid by crystallization, the racemate being less soluble.

General Manufacturing Information of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
Construction
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable

Stereochemistry of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
Naturally occurring form of the acid is dextro 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid.
Because 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is available naturally, 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is cheaper than its enantiomer and the meso isomer.

Dextro and levo form monoclinic sphenoidal crystals and orthorhombic crystals.
Racemic 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid forms monoclinic and triclinic crystals (space group P1).

Anhydrous meso 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid form two anhydrous polymorphs: triclinic and orthorhombic.
Monohydrated meso 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid crystallizes as monoclinic and triclinic polymorphys depending on the temperature at which crystallization from aqueous solution occurs.
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid in Fehling's solution binds to copper(II) ions, preventing the formation of insoluble hydroxide salts.

History of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid has been known to winemakers for centuries.
However, the chemical process for extraction was developed in 1769 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid played an important role in the discovery of chemical chirality.
This property of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid was first observed in 1832 by Jean Baptiste Biot, who observed 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid ability to rotate polarized light.

Louis Pasteur continued this research in 1847 by investigating the shapes of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals, which he found to be chiral.
By manually sorting the differently shaped crystals, Pasteur was the first to produce a pure sample of levo2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid.

Pharmacology and Biochemistry of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:

Pharmacodynamics:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is used to generate carbon dioxide through interaction with sodium bicarbonate following oral administration.
Carbon dioxide extends the stomach and provides a negative contrast medium during double contrast radiography.
In high doses, this agent acts as a muscle toxin by inhibiting the production of malic acid, which could cause paralysis and maybe death.

Route of Elimination:
Only about 15-20% of consumed 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid is secreted in the urine unchanged.

Metabolism / Metabolites:
Most tartarate that is consumed by humans is metabolized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, primarily in the large instestine.

Human Metabolite Information of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:

Tissue Locations:
Adipose Tissue
Platelet
Prostate

Cellular Locations:
Cytoplasm

Reactivity of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid, can participate in several reactions.

As shown the reaction scheme below, dihydroxymaleic acid is produced upon treatment of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a ferrous salt.
HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H + H2O2 → HO2CC(OH)C(OH)CO2H + 2 H2O

Dihydroxymaleic acid can then be oxidized to 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid with nitric acid.

Accidental Release Measures of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:

Spillage Disposal:

Personal protection:
Particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid.
Sweep spilled substance into covered containers.

If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.
Store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Identifiers of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
CAS Number:
R,R-isomer: 87-69-4
S,S-isomer: 147-71-7
racemic: 133-37-9
meso-isomer: 147-73-9
ChEBI: CHEBI:15674

ChEMBL:
ChEMBL333714
ChEMBL1200861

ChemSpider: 852
DrugBank: DB01694
ECHA InfoCard: 100.121.903
E number: E334 (antioxidants, ...)
KEGG: C00898
MeSH: tartaric+acid
PubChem CID: 875 unspecified isomer
UNII: W4888I119H
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5046986
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)
Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)
Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYAZ
SMILES: O=C(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)O

CAS number: 147-71-7
EC number: 205-695-6
Hill Formula: C₄H₆O₆
Chemical formula: HOOCCH(OH)CH(OH)COOH
Molar Mass: 150.09 g/mol
HS Code: 2918 12 00

CAS: 87-69-4
Molecular Formula: C4H6O6
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 150.09
MDL Number: MFCD00064207
InChI Key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYNA-N
PubChem CID: 444305
ChEBI: CHEBI:15671
SMILES: OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O

Properties of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
Chemical formula:
C4H6O6 (basic formula)
HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H (structural formula)

Molar mass: 150.087 g/mol
Appearance: White powder

Density:
1.737 g/cm3 (R,R- and S,S-)
1.79 g/cm3 (racemate)
1.886 g/cm3 (meso)

Melting point:
169, 172 °C (R,R- and S,S-)
206 °C (racemate)
165-6 °C (meso)

Solubility in water:
1.33 kg/L (L or D-tartaric)
0.21 kg/L (DL, racemic)
1.25 kg/L ("meso")

Acidity (pKa): L(+) 25 °C: pKa1= 2.89, pKa2= 4.40
meso 25 °C: pKa1= 3.22, pKa2= 4.85
Conjugate base: Bitartrate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −67.5·10−6 cm3/mol

Density: 1.8 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 210 °C
Ignition temperature: 425 °C
Melting Point: 172 - 174 °C
Solubility: 1394 g/l

grade: ACS reagent
Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 5.18 (vs air)
Assay: ≥99.5%

form:
crystalline powder
crystals

optical activity: [α]20/D +12.4°, c = 20 in H2O
optical purity: ee: 99% (GLC)
autoignition temp.: 797 °F

impurities:
≤0.002% S compounds
≤0.005% insolubles

ign. residue: ≤0.02%
mp: 170-172 °C (lit.)

anion traces:
chloride (Cl-): ≤0.001%
oxalate (C2O42-): passes test
phosphate (PO43-): ≤0.001%

cation traces:
Fe: ≤5 ppm
heavy metals (as Pb): ≤5 ppm

SMILES string: O[C@H]([C@@H](O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI: 1S/C4H6O6/c5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t1-,2-/m1/s1
InChI key: FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N

Molecular Weight: 150.09 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -1.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 150.01643791 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 150.01643791 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 115Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Complexity: 134
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
Assay (acidimetric): ≥ 99.0 %
Melting range (lower value): ≥ 166 °C
Melting range (upper value): ≤ 169 °C
Spec. rotation [α²0/D (c=10 in water): -14.0 - -12.0 °
Identity (IR): passes test

Melting Point: 168.0°C to 172.0°C
Color: White or Colorless
Assay Percent Range: 99+%
Linear Formula: HO2CCH(OH)CH(OH)CO2H
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: 1390g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: soluble in methanol, ethanol, propanol and, glycerol, 4g/L ether, insoluble in chloroform
IUPAC Name: 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid
Formula Weight: 150.09
Percent Purity: ≥99%
Quantity: 500 g
Flash Point: 210°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Loss on Drying: 0.5% (1g, 105°C) max.
Packaging: Plastic bottle
Physical Form: Crystals or Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: L(+)-Tartaric acid

Related compounds of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:
2,3-Butanediol
Cichoric acid

Other cations:
Monosodium tartrate
Disodium tartrate
Monopotassium tartrate
Dipotassium tartrate

Related carboxylic acids:
Butyric acid
Succinic acid
Dimercaptosuccinic acid
Malic acid
Maleic acid
Fumaric acid

Names of 2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid:

Preferred IUPAC name:
2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid

Other names:
Tartaric acid
Racemic acid
Threaric acid
Tartaric acid
Uvic acid
Paratartaric acid
Winestone
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20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a fast-acting, non-oxidizing biocide and is very effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a highly effective, environmentally friendly biocide.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) provides a quick kill while also quickly degrading in water.

CAS Number: 10222-01-2
Molecular Formula: C3H2Br2N2O
Molecular Weight: 241.87
EINECS Number: 233-539-7

Synonyms: 2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE, 10222-01-2, Dibromocyanoacetamide, Dbnpa, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromoacetamide, XD-7287l Antimicrobial, 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, Dibromocyano acetic acid amide, Dibromonitrilopropionamide, XD-1603, 7N51QGL6MJ, DTXSID5032361, NSC-98283, Caswell No. 287AA, C3H2Br2N2O, NSC 98283, Dowicil QK 20, HSDB 6982, XD 7287L, EINECS 233-539-7, UNII-7N51QGL6MJ, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 101801, BRN 1761192, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropanamide, Acetamide, 2-cyano-2,2-dibromo-, Cyanodibromoacetamide, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropion amide, NCIOpen2_006184, SCHEMBL23129, 3-02-00-01641 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acetamide,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromo-Acetamide, CHEMBL1878278, DOW ANTIMICROBIAL 7287, DTXCID3012361, DIBROMOCYANOACETAMIDE [INCI], NSC98283, Tox21_300089, MFCD00129791, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 9CI, 2, 2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 96%, AKOS015833850, 2,2-bis(bromanyl)-2-cyano-ethanamide, NCGC00164203-01, NCGC00164203-02, NCGC00253921-01, AS-12928, CAS-10222-01-2, DB-027512, CS-0144768, D2902, DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE, 2,2-, NS00009357, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilo propionamide (DBNPA), H11778, 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE [HSDB], A800546, Q-102771, Q5204411, dbnpa; 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; dbnpa.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.

The final end product is carbon dioxide and ammonium bromide.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) recommends and sells DBNPA for use with DTEA II under appropriate conditions.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is compatible with other treatment chemicals with the exception of mercaptobenzothiazole.

Continuous biocide release by the tablet maintains concentrations effective for control in the tower, while the biocide in the blowdown discharge degrades quickly.
So 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide)’s easy to meet strict environmental regulations on tower discharge.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has been used as a biocide in industrial water applications due to its instantaneous antimicrobial activity and rapid chemical breakdown.

In this study, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is considered a potential alternative for antibiotics used for bacterial control during corn-to-ethanol fermentation.
A method using LC/MS/MS was developed to accurately quantify DBNPA in water.
When this method was applied to quantify DBNPA concentration in a fermentation matrix, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) was found to be unstable and to decay rapidly, preventing validation of the method or quantitation.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is white crystalline powder, melting point, 122-125℃,PH value, 5--5.5.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is soluble in common organic solvents (such as acetone,benzene, dimethylformamide, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, etc.),slightly soluble in water.
Under acidic conditions, its aqueous solution is more stable.

Raising the PH, heating or being exposured under UV and fluorescent light can fasten its dissolving.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
The present invention provides an essentially pure compacted 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) in a granular and/or tablet and/or briquette and/ or pellet form.
The present invention further provides a process for preparing the same essentially pure compacted DBNPA.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) in the feed water of integrated membrane systems to evaluate the impact on pressure drop increase and chemical cleaning frequency.
A continuous high 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) dosage of 20 mg/L on fouled membranes caused a significant decrease in cleaning frequency due to the stabilization of the pressure drop.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is 5% in concentration.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
It is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) acts are similar to the typical halogen biocides.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a broad-spectrum and efficient industrial bactericide used to prevent the growth and propagation of bacteria and algae in paper making, industrial circulating cooling water, lubricating oil for metal processing, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.
It can also be used as a slime control agent and is widely used in pulp and circulating cooling water systems in paper mills.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a non-oxidative agent, rapidly degrading in alkaline aqueous solutions.

The organic water content as well as light enhance the hydrolysis and debromination of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) into cyanoacetamide followed by degradation into cyanoacetic acid and malonic acid, that are non-toxic compounds.
This degradation pathway makes the use of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) relatively environmentally friendly.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is compatible with polyamide based membranes and shows high rejection rates for RO membranes.

The antimicrobial effect is due to the fast reaction between DBNPA and sulfur-containing organic molecules in microorganisms such as glutathione or cysteine.
The properties of microbial cell-surface components are irreversibly altered, interrupting transport of compounds across the membrane of the bacterial cell and inhibiting key biological processes of the bacteria.
To assess the anti-biofouling effect, online and off-line applications of the biocide have been studied on industrial scale RO installations with a 20 ppm DBNPA concentration in the feed water.

Industrial case studies described by indicate a preventive effect of the biocide, but many details were not given.
Only very limited information on the suitability of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) to control membrane biofouling under well-defined conditions is available.
The objective of this study was to determine, under well-controlled conditions, the effect of biocide 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) dosage on biofouling control in membrane systems.

Preventive and curative biofouling control strategies were investigated in a series of experiments with membrane fouling simulators operated in parallel, fed with feed water supplemented with 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) (1 or 20 mg/L) and a biodegradable substrate sodium acetate.
A higher substrate concentration in feed water has shown to result in a faster and larger pressure drop increase and a higher accumulated amount of biomass.
In the studies acetate was dosed as substrate to enhance the biofouling rate.

The pressure drop was monitored and autopsies were performed to quantify the accumulated material.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is understood in the membrane industry that thin film composite polyamide membranes have limited resistance to chlorine based oxidants.
Therefore, operators have relatively few options regarding chemicals which can be safely used to disinfect RO/NF systems and prevent bio growth/biofouling.

One option is the chemical, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide), which is a fastacting, nonoxidizing biocide which is very effective at low concentrations in controlling the growth of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, fungi and algae.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is an advantageous disinfectant since it also quickly degrades to carbon dioxide, ammonia and bromide ion when in an aqueous environment.
This allows the effluent to be safely discharged even in sensitive water bodies.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is degraded by reactions with water, nucleophiles, and UV light (rate is dependent on pH and temperature).
The approximate half-life is 24 hr @ pH 7, 2 hr @ pH 8, 15 min @pH 9.
The vast majority of microorganisms that come into contact with it are killed within 5 to 10 minutes.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) 98% min.assay. Highly effective against a wide range of common water borne organisms with proven efficacy against Legionella.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) will control these organisms and help to control microbiological fouling.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is designed for use in open cooling water systems, chilled water systems, process systems and other industrial water systems.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has proven efficacy against pathogenic microorganisms including Legionella, at levels required by the system, L8 (HS(G) 274), system water type, along with risk assessment data.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) degrades rapidly and naturally at increased pH & temperature levels and as such Accepta 6404 is the product of choice for systems operating under strict environmental and discharge regulations.
Increasing cooling water alkalinity presents a problem for most water treatment biocides.

However, for Accepta 6404 even at higher pH values, rapid & effective microbial control is achieved before any significant degradation occurs.
Ideal for quick, antimicrobial activity, but rapid degradation of the microbicide for minimal environmental impact.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is an off-white crystalline solid with a mild medicinal antiseptic odor.

It is slightly volatile, very soluble in water, and corrosive.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used to control bacteria, fungi and slime-forming algae in cooling water systems, evaporative condensers and heat exchangers, air washing systems, pulp mill and paper manufacturing, and oil extraction drilling fluids.
It also is used as a preservative in paints, industrial coatings and adhesives, metalworking cutting fluids, and paper and paper products.

Industrial workers handling fluids with 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may be exposed through dermal contact and inhalation exposure to mists.
U.S. workers handling disinfectant solutions containing the compound are required to wear protective clothing and chemical-resistant gloves and aprons.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) released to the environment will be degraded in air and by exposure to direct sunlight.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is expected to move through soil.
It will chemically break down quickly in water.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) also will be degraded by microorganisms.

It is not likely to build up in aquatic organisms.
People accidently exposed through spills or compound misuse of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) reported eye, throat and respiratory irritation, runny nose, and headache.
Allergic skin reactions may develop in some people following direct contact to 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide).

Direct contact with 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may damage eyes and skin due to its corrosiveness.
Labored breathing and weight loss were observed in laboratory animals repeatedly given high oral doses.
Repeated skin exposure of laboratory animals to high doses of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) caused skin damage.

Very high oral doses given laboratory animals during pregnancy caused decreased weight gain, and some of the animals died.
Skeletal birth defects were found in some offspring of surviving maternal animals exposed to this dose, and a lower, maternally non-toxic dose.
The potential of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) to cause cancer in laboratory animals has not been tested.

The potential for 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) to cause cancer in humans has not been assessed by the U.S. EPA IRIS program, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the U.S. National Toxicology Program 13th Report on Carcinogens.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is the second most commonly used biocide in UOG after glutaraldehyde.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a fast-acting electrophilic biocide; it is quick and effective in contact, but the protection is not long lasting.

This biocide inhibits essential biological functions by reacting with nucleophiles (particularly sulfur-containing nucleophiles) inside the cell.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide), and some of its degradation products, can also be harmful to humans and animals.
These associated compounds have been demonstrated to be moderately to highly toxic by ingestion and inhalation, can be corrosive to eyes, and have been shown in terrestrial and aquatic animal studies to cause developmental issues.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is not toxic to all life, however, as it is biodegradable under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with a reported biotic half-life of less than 4 h under both conditions at neutral pH. However, the hydrolysis and aquatic photolysis half-life of this compound are pH-dependent, with faster degradation occurring at a more alkaline pH.
For example, the abiotic half-lives of DBNPA at pH 5, 7, and 9 are 67 days, 63 h, and 73 min, respectively.

Conversely, low pH has been characteristic of Impacted streams, which thus provide favorable conditions for the stability of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) and its degradation products.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a non-oxidative agent, rapidly degrading in alkaline aqueous solutions.
The organic water content as well as light enhance the hydrolysis and debromination of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) into cyanoacetamide followed by degradation into cyanoacetic acid and malonic acid, that are non-toxic compounds.

This degradation pathway makes the use of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) relatively environmentally friendly.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is compatible with polyamide based membranes and shows high rejection rates for RO membranes.

The antimicrobial effect is due to the fast reaction between DBNPA and sulfur-containing organic molecules in microorganisms such as glutathione or cysteine.
The properties of microbial cell-surface components are irreversibly altered, interrupting transport of compounds across the membrane of the bacterial cell and inhibiting key biological processes of the bacteria.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) also is not compatible with ammonia or hydrogen sulfide-containing water.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) maintains reliable control in systems running at acidic, neutral, or alkaline pH.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) degrades quickly in aqueous environments.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is completely miscible with water upon dispersion at normal use levels.

A 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) means that the solution contains 20 parts of DBNPA dissolved in a total of 100 parts of solution.
This concentration is commonly used in various industrial applications, particularly as a biocide or antimicrobial agent to control microbial growth in water systems, such as cooling towers, industrial process waters, and swimming pools.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) indicates that for every 100 units of the solution, 20 units are comprised of the active ingredient, DBNPA, while the remaining 80 units are typically composed of water or another solvent.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide), quick kill broad-spectrum microbiocide, fungicide and algaecide.
Microbiocide kill time measured in minutes vs. hours for other types of microbiocide agents.
The rate of this activity is not affected by pH, and antimicrobial control is rapidly achieved.

Because of its extremely rapid kill, proliferating microbes and their biofilm formation are either eliminated or significantly reduced.
Inexpensive to use – as little as 22 g treats 1000 L of water.
Safer for use in galvanized, copper and steel systems than chlorine and bromine.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide), can clean up fouled systems where high levels of organics, slime and biomass are present.
This concentration is often chosen based on the desired efficacy against microbial growth balanced with considerations such as safety, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory requirements.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide)'s important to follow manufacturer instructions and safety guidelines when handling and using solutions containing DBNPA, as it is a potent biocide and can be harmful if not used properly.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) for building and construction.
This biocide from DuPont is used for treating materials.

Melting point: 122-125 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 123-126 °C
Density: 2.3846 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.6220 (estimate)
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,2-8°C
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
solubility: DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: powder to crystal
pka: 11.72±0.50(Predicted)
color: White to Light yellow to Light orange
Odor: antiseptic odor
Stability: Stable, but may be moisture sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.820

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is important to note that DBNPA 20 Water Treatment Microbiocide is NOT approved for online use in RO systems that produce potable and municipal water.
Due to regional differences, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) for industrial RO systems is approved and marketed in Europe under the product name of DBNPA 20 Water Treatment Microbiocide.

The processing and use of industrial chemicals require adequate technical and professional knowledge.
The use of membrane filtration processes for the production of fresh and clean water has strongly increased over the last decades.
Nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) are processes removing salts, micropollutants, viruses, and microorganisms, enabling the production of high-quality water.

The membrane lifetime and operational costs are affected by fouling.
The consequence of fouling is e.g. an increased feed pressure to maintain water production, the need to perform chemical cleanings of the membranes, and eventually membrane replacement.
Four types of fouling can occur: scaling (inorganic fouling), colloid fouling, organic fouling, and biofouling.

Biofouling is most frequently encountered and most difficult to control.
Biofouling is defined as the amount of accumulated biofilm (biomass) causing unacceptable membrane performance loss.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has proven efficacy at low concentrations against bacteria, fungi, yeast, cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and the true algae.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a biocide which is used in industrial water treatment, cooling systems and paper mills.
DBNPA is an efficient biocide with a rapid microbiocidal broad-spectrum activity, especially in water systems that contain high organic loads.
The main current application of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is as a liquid formulation, which contains a mixture of water and an organic solvent such as a glycol (for example, polyethylene glycol (PEG), dipropylene glycol (DPG), ethylene glycol, etc.) and others.

The active ingredient 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is only 5-25% of such liquid formulation.
The addition of an organic solvent is required for dissolution of the relatively water-insoluble 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) into a liquid formulation.
Prior art teaches the production of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) as a powdered material which can be used for the preparation of a liquid or solid formulation.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide)'s production and use as a bactericide and algicide in commercial water cooling and treatment systems and paper-pulp mill water systems(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 58(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.80(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC).
Volatilization of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 9.0X10-4 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1.5X10+4 mg/L(2).

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(2).
Biodegradation in soil may be an important environmental fate process; however, degradation in soil is expected to be due to both abiotic and biotic processes(2,4).
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is susceptible to aqueous hydrolysis in moist soils and susceptible to photodegradation when exposed to sunlight(2,4).

Half-lives ranged from 4 to 25 hours in 7 different soils with pH values of 4.8 to 7.5(4).
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has a half-life of less than 4 hours in an anaerobic aquatic metabolism study; residues were mainly found in the aqueous layer.
Concentrations of the two main degradates 2-cyanoacetamide (reached 56% of applied within 7 days) and dibromoacetic acid (reached 27% of applied at 0 hr, 17% by day 48) were measured.

Other minor degradates include oxalic acid, bromoacetamide and dibromoactonitrile.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide), dibromoacetonitrile and bromoacetamide were found in the sediment layer.
The anaerobic metabolism study includes degradation due to both biotic and abiotic mechanisms.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.0X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method.
This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm.
Less than 1% of a 4000 ppm aqueous solution of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) remained after 28 days exposure to sunlight(2); 91% of the added DBNPA was still present in the dark control after the same period of time.

Dibromoacetic acid (63.7%) is the major degradate at pH 5 (half-life of 14.8 hours; dark control forms dibromoacetic acid at 38.6%) and at pH 7 (half-life of 6.9 hours; dark control forms dibromoacetic acid at 74.9%) in aqueous photolysis studies(2).
Hydrolysis half-lives of 155, 8.8, 5.8, 2.0, and 0.34 hours were measured at pH values of 6.0, 7.3, 7.7, 8.0, and 8.9, respectively(2).
The half-life of DBNPA is 67 days at pH 5, 63 hours at pH 7, and 73 minutes at pH 9(3).

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide), dibromoacetonitrile (54.5% of applied), and dibromoacetonitrile (38.6% of applied) are the major degradates at pH values of 5, 7, and 9, respectively(3).
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may be used to control bacteria and reduce biofouling in various membrane system types (reverse osmosis, ultra- filtration, nano-filtration, and microfiltration) used for industrial water processing.
Acceptable industrial applications include reverse osmosis systems for the production of boiler make-up water for electric power production, electronic component rinsing, and in chemical manufacturing industry.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can also be used for off-line cleaning of RO membranes producing potable and municipal water.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) , has proven efficacy at low concentrations against bacteria, fungi, yeast, cyanobacteria (also referred to as blue-green algae) and true algae.
The 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) molecule will function immediately upon introduction into the feed water and antimicrobial control is rapidly achieved if properly dosed.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) offers an advantageous combination of quick kill properties followed by fast chemical degradation, including hydrolysis.
The dominant degradation pathway at use conditions invloves reactions with nucleophilic substances or organic material invariably found in water.
Nucleophilic degradation forms cyanoacetamide.

When the disposal of concentrate involves the release to large open waterways, additional degradation will occur via exposure to UV-radiation.
When sufficiently diluted, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) and its degradation products become biodegradable.
The ultimate degradation products formed from both chemical and biodegradation processes of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) include ammonia, carbon dioxide, and bromide ions.

Therefore, meeting the local environmental regulations for the permitted discharge of the reject stream should not be affected with DBNPA use.
In other approved regions of the world, it is marketed under the name DBNPA 20 Water Treatment Microbiocide.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is technical grade 2.2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide.

It is only registered for non-fifra use in the US.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a quick-kill biocide.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is stable under normal conditions.

Avoid process temperatures of 70°C (158°F) or higher and use of strong reducing agents.
Please refer to the safety data sheet of this product for precise handling instructions.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is incompatible with bases, metals, oxidizing agents, acids. Dangerous gases may accumulate as a result of ignition and fire.

Vapors, including cyanogen bromide, may be present in unvented containers.
These vapors may be irritating to the upper respiratory tract of workers, who allow their mouth or nose to get close to the container opening.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be stored for 12 months under normal temperature conditions.

Biofouling of RO membranes is a common problem for many membrane filtration systems that source water from open ocean intakes, seawater wells, brackish river water, and other surface waters that contain naturally occurring organic matter.
The limiting factor to biofouling control is the incompatibility of the polyamide thin-film composite RO membrane to chlorine exposure, as well as exposure to other oxidizing chemicals commonly used for process water disinfection.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may be used to control bacteria and reduce biofouling in various membrane system types (reverse osmosis, ultra-filtration, nano-filtration, and microfiltration) used for industrial water processing.

Acceptable industrial applications include reverse osmosis systems for the production of boiler make-up water for electric power production, electronic component rinsing, and the chemical manufacturing industry.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can also be used for off-line cleaning of RO membranes producing potable and municipal water.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) Water Treatment Microbiocide is for use in RO systems in the industrial market and for off-line cleaning of RO membranes producing potable and municipal water.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) biocide solution.
Fast-acting, broad-spectrum biocide for treating raw materials, process water, and contaminated products and systems.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) chemical name is 2.2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropion Amide.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) Microbicide offers broad-spectrum control of bacteria, fungi, and algae.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is quick-acting and breaks down rapidly into non-hazardous materials.
Active Ingredient 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide)e.

The advantages of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) include to eradicate a wide range of microbes (fungal, bacterial, algal).
Minimizes production downtime and delays due to contamination.
Do not contribute problematic components to formulate or create long-term health and safety concerns.

In general, avoid eye and skin contact, wear safety goggles, gloves, and protective clothing.
In case of eye or skin contact, despite precautionary measures, wash immediately and thoroughly with plenty of warm water and obtain medical attention.

Uses:
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is frequently used as a biocide in water treatment processes to control microbial growth in industrial cooling water systems, pulp and paper processing, oil exploration and production, and other water-based systems.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be incorporated into paints and coatings formulations to inhibit microbial growth and extend the shelf life of these products.
In textile manufacturing, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be used as a biocide to prevent microbial growth on fabrics and fibers, particularly in humid or damp conditions.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used in the oil and gas industry to prevent microbial-induced corrosion (MIC) in pipelines, storage tanks, and other oilfield equipment.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is employed in industrial water systems beyond cooling towers, including process water systems, wastewater treatment plants, and industrial washing systems to control microbial growth and prevent biofouling.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be found in hygiene products such as hand sanitizers, wet wipes, and disinfectants to provide antimicrobial protection against a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and algae.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used in agricultural settings as a biocide and preservative in irrigation water, agricultural tanks, and equipment to prevent microbial contamination and maintain water quality.
In the plastics and polymer industry, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be added to formulations to inhibit microbial growth during manufacturing processes and to prevent degradation of polymer products during storage and transportation.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is utilized in leather processing to prevent microbial spoilage and deterioration of hides and skins during storage and transportation.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be found in disinfectants and sanitizers used in medical and healthcare facilities to disinfect surfaces, medical devices, and equipment, helping to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
In the food and beverage industry, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may be used as a biocide in water treatment systems, as well as in cleaning and sanitizing solutions to maintain hygiene standards and prevent microbial contamination in food processing facilities.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is added to swimming pool and spa water to control algae and bacteria growth, ensuring safe and hygienic recreational water environments.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be incorporated into marine antifouling coatings to prevent the attachment and growth of marine organisms such as barnacles, algae, and mollusks on boat hulls and marine structures.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is employed in metalworking fluids, such as cutting fluids and lubricants, to prevent microbial growth and contamination, thereby extending the fluid's lifespan and maintaining machining efficiency.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used in air conditioning systems to control microbial growth in cooling coils, condensate pans, and air ducts, helping to prevent the spread of airborne pathogens and improve indoor air quality.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may be used in the production of photographic chemicals to prevent microbial contamination and maintain the stability and quality of photographic solutions and emulsions.
In the manufacturing of building materials such as adhesives, sealants, and coatings, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be added to prevent microbial degradation and preserve the integrity of the materials, particularly in humid or damp environments.
Within the oil and gas industry, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is utilized as a biocide in drilling fluids, hydraulic fracturing fluids, and enhanced oil recovery operations to control microbial growth and prevent reservoir souring and biofouling.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used in mining operations to control microbial growth in water systems used for ore processing, dust suppression, and other mining processes, helping to maintain operational efficiency and environmental compliance.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is employed in the preservation of cultural heritage materials such as archival documents, artworks, and historical artifacts to prevent microbial deterioration and degradation over time.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is added to pulp and paper processing systems to prevent microbial contamination and biofilm formation, thereby improving paper quality and reducing downtime associated with microbial-related issues.

In certain concentrations and formulations, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can be found in personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and cosmetics as a preservative to prevent microbial contamination.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is utilized in wood preservation treatments to prevent decay and degradation caused by fungi and bacteria in wood products, such as lumber, poles, and railway ties.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) may be added to adhesive and sealant formulations to prevent microbial growth and maintain product integrity during storage and use.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is employed in the paper industry to prevent microbial contamination during paper production processes and to preserve the quality of paper products.
A chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.

As a broad-spectrum and efficient biocide, 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on certain protein groups to stop the normal redox of cells, thus causing cell death.
At the same time, its branches can also selectively bromination or oxidation of specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, eventually leading to microbial death.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid products and water can be freely miscible, low toxicity.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) solution could be added at any phase of production provided that thorough mixing is achieved.
Should the manufacturing process involve heating of the product, it is advisable to add 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) after cooling down at the end of the process.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) solution may be used to reduce microbial contamination in raw materials and/or products such as aqueous paints and coatings, polymers, slurries, adhesives, latex and resin emulsions, sizing, caulk, process water, along with specialty industrial products including inks, polishes, waxes, detergents and cleansers.

To reduce microbial contamination, add 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) to the material or product at a concentration of 25 to 2,000 ppm by weight.
This concentration is equivalent to 2.8 to 224.0 fluid ounces of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) per 1,000 gallons or 21.4 to 1,712 milliliters of DBNPA 20% per 1,000 liters.
The required concentration will depend on the material being treated and the level of contamination present.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a high-efficiency antiseptic bactericide, widely used as water treating agent, bactericide and algaecide for industrial circulating water and industrial cooling water, pulp treatment in paper making industry and as pharmaceutical intermediate, etc.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a kind of Water Treatment Material.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is widely used in industrial circulating water system, large air-condition and the large center of sewage treatment to eliminate microorganism and alga and shuck off clay.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is also used in the process of paper making to prevent reducing quality of paper by generation of microorganism.
It is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has following advantages: Easy to handle. No unusual oxidation hazards. Similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) has exhibited outstanding efficacy against in bio-films and against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungus and yeasts.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch and mineral slurries.

20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum, and does not contain or release formaldehyde.
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used to prevent bacteria and algae in paper, industrial circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricants, Pulp, wood, paint and plywood in the growth and reproduction, at the same time can do slime control agent, widely used in paper mill pulp and circulating cooling water system.

Safety Profile:
20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.
This irritation may manifest as redness, itching, burning, or inflammation.
Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling DBNPA to minimize the risk of exposure.

Inhalation of 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) dust, vapors, or mists may irritate the respiratory tract, leading to symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or throat irritation.
Adequate ventilation should be maintained in areas where 20% DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide) is used to minimize airborne exposure.

Poison by ingestion and intravenous routes.
A severe skin and eye irritant.
When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Brand NO,.


2-Acetyl-phenotdiazine
2-ACETYLPHENOTHIAZINE; LABOTEST-BB LT00012652; methyl phenothiazin-2-yl ketone; 2-Acetyl-10H-phenothiazine; 2-APT; 2-Acetylphenothiazine(ML171); 2-ACETYLPHENOTHIAZINE; methyl phenothiazin-2-yl ketone; LABOTEST-BB LT00012652; 2-Acetyl-10H-phenothiazine; 2-Acetylphenothiazin CAS NO:6631-94-3
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANE SULFONIC ACID
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used as a hydrogels for medical applications


CAS NUMBER: 15214-89-8

EC NUMBER: 239-268-0

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C7H13NO4S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 207.25 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid


2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is an organosulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used in water treatment
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid can be used is oil field

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used for construction chemicals
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is also used for personal care products

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used for emulsion coatings
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid can used as an adhesive
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is found in rheology modifiers.

Properties
*2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid has a hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to AMPS-containing polymers

*2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid has polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.

*Solubility: 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF)
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents

*Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation:
Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.
The result is a significant reduction in the precipitation of a wide variety of mineral salts, including calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, zinc, barium and chromium.

*Determining viscosity-average molecular weight (Mark-Houwink constants)

APPLICATIONS:
*Acrylic fiber: A number of enhanced performance characteristics are imparted to acrylic, modified-acrylic, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride fibers: dye receptivity, moisture absorbency, and static resistance.

*Coating and adhesive: 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid's sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide range of pH.
Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and also reduce the amount of surfactants leaching out of paint film.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives, and increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations.

*Detergents: 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.

*Personal care: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.

*Medical hydrogel: High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is introduced to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.
Hydrogel with 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used to electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.
In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used due to its high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbents e. g. for baby diapers.

*Oil field applications: Polymers in oil field applications have to stand hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and the resistance to hard water containing metal ions.
For example, in drilling operations where conditions of high salinity, high temperature and high pressure are present, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers and water-control polymers, and in polymer flooding applications.

*Water treatment applications: The cation stability of the 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid-containing polymers are very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights cannot only inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers, but also help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide.
When high molecular weight polymers are used, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid can be used to precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.

*Crop protection: increases in dissolved and nanoparticulate polymer formulations bioavailability of pesticides in aqueous-organic formulations.

*Membranes: 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid increases water flow, retention and fouling resistance of asymmetric ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes and is being studied as an anionic component in polymer fuel cell membranes.

*Construction applications: Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
Benefits of these additives include improved strength, improved workability, improved durability of cement mixtures.
Redispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is introduced, in cement mixtures control air pore content and prevent agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from the powder manufacturing and storage.
Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from being formed as lime on concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of coating.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is a highly versatile molecule used in the production of polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid's CAS number is 15214-89-8.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is a very unique polymer with a sulphonic acid group.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is highly polymerizable and can be just as easily depolymerised using basic methods with acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylic esters, acrylamide etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is highly hygroscopic- meaning it collects the moisture from the surroundings.

The molecular formula of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is C7H13NO4S.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid's aqueous solution is acidic in nature, soluble in water but insoluble in acetone.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid monomer and sodium salt allow the polymer producers to manufacture superior quality polymers for usage in a wide range of consumer and industrial products.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is easily available in the market in both granules and liquid form.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is high in productivity and optimum performance.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used in the following areas:
-pH regulators
-water treatment products
-laboratory chemicals
-health services
-scientific research and development
-polymers


PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 207.25 g/mol

-XLogP3-AA: -0.4

-Exact Mass: 207.05652907 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 207.05652907 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 91.8Ų

-Physical Description: Pellets or Large Crystals

-Melting Point: 185.5 - 186 °C

-Solubility: 1e+006 mg/L

-Density: 1.45

-Flash Point: 160 °C


2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is an important monomer.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid's copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weight have unique formula structure

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid contains sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is often used in the textile industry

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid takes part in oil drilling operations
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid plays an active role in water treatment applications


CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4

-Rotatable Bond Count: 4

-Heavy Atom Count: 13

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 299

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes


2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid can be used in papermaking, dyeing and coating processes
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid offers excellent features in many aspects such as cosmetics, electronics

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used as a hydrogels for medical applications

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is an organosulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used in water treatment

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid can be used is oil field
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is a highly versatile molecule used in the production of polymers.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is high in productivity and optimum performance.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulfonic Acid is used in scientific research and development


SYNONYMS:

15214-89-8
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
27119-07-9
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID
490HQE5KI5
DTXSID5027770
2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-
2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
DTXCID207770
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino)-
CAS-15214-89-8
EINECS 239-268-0
UNII-490HQE5KI5
AtBS
acryloyldimethyltaurine
LUBRIZOL AMPS
Rheothik 80-11
TBAS-Q
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid
EC 239-268-0
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS)
SCHEMBL19490
2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer
tert-butylacrylamidosulfonic acid
CHEMBL1907040
acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid
CHEBI:166476
acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid
Tox21_201781
Tox21_303523
MFCD00007522
AKOS015898709
CS-W015266
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid
5165-97-9 (mono-hydrochloride salt)
NCGC00163969-01
NCGC00163969-02
NCGC00257492-01
NCGC00259330-01
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonicacid
2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
A0926
FT-0610988
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPIONESULFONATE
E76045
Q209301
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2,2-DIMETHYLETHANESULFONIC ACID
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 8CI
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 99%
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid
J-200043
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulonic acid
82989-71-7
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPAN
SODIUM SALT OF 2 ACRYLAMIDO
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC
SODIUM ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE
SODIUM 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE
SODIUM 2-ACRYLAMINO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE
sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonate
N-[1,1-Dimethyl-2-(sodiosulfo)ethyl]acrylamide
Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid
15214-89-8
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propansulfonsäure
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
239-268-0
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propyl-sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid
Acide 2-(acryloylamino)-2-méthyl-1-propanesulfonique
MFCD00007522
TZ6658000
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-
201849-71-0
201849-72-1
201849-73-2
201849-74-3
27119-07-9
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonicacid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 8CI
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid
2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(1-oxoprop-2-enylamino)-1-propanesulfonate
2-methyl-2-(1-oxoprop-2-enylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propanesulfonic acid
2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid
AMPS
EINECS 239-268-0
2-ACRYLAMIDE-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULPHONIC ACID
2-ACRYLOYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID
2-METHYL-2-[(1-OXO-2-PROPENYL)AMINO]-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID
ACRYLAMIDO BUFFER
AMPS
AMPS MONOMER
LABOTEST-BB LT00012662
1-Propanesulfonicacid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonicacid
TBAS
2-Acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamide-2-MethyylPropaneSodiumSulfonate

2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS)
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be made into crystal or sodium salt solution.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very unique polymer with a sulphonic acid group.


CAS Number: 15214-89-8
EC Number: 239-268-0
MDL number: MFCD00007522
Linear Formula: H2C=CHCONHC(CH3)2CH2SO3H
Chemical formula: C7H13NO4S



SYNONYMS:
AMPS, TBAS, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid, ACRYLAMIDO BUFFER, ampsna, TBAS-Q, 2-AcryL, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane-1-Sulfonic acid, ATBS Monomer, AMPS Monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, AMPS, Lubrizol AMPS, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid, AMPS (sulfonic acid), 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, Lubrizol 2404, TBAS-Q, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, Acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid, ATBS, tert-Butylacrylamidosulfonic acid, Lubrizol 2402, 2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, CG 810S-P, 2-Acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, N-Acryloyl-2,2-dimethyltaurine, (1,1-Dimethyl-2-sulfoethyl)acrylamide, 2-Acrylamido-2-methy-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid, 82989-71-7, 107240-62-0, 114705-58-7, 127889-32-1, 155380-40-8, 155401-75-5, 382655-32-5, 936232-42-7, 1211475-04-5, 1390640-03-5, 1600517-24-5, 2146156-10-5, 2321346-04-5, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid,2-Methyl-2-[(prop-2-enoyl)amino]propane-1-sulfonic acid,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-,15214-89-8,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-,AMPS,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 15214-89-8, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 27119-07-9, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid, AtBS, acrylamido dimethyl taurine, DTXSID5027770, LUBRIZOL AMPS, 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid, TBAS-Q, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, 490HQE5KI5, DTXCID207770, tert-butylacrylamidosulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid, acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-, 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2,2-DIMETHYLETHANESULFONIC ACID, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino)-, CAS-15214-89-8, EINECS 239-268-0, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID, UNII-490HQE5KI5, EC 239-268-0, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), SCHEMBL19490, 2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer, CHEMBL1907040, CHEBI:166476, Tox21_201781, Tox21_303523, MFCD00007522, AKOS015898709, CS-W015266, 5165-97-9 (mono-hydrochloride salt), NCGC00163969-01, NCGC00163969-02, NCGC00257492-01, NCGC00259330-01, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonicacid, 2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, A0926, NS00005061, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPIONESULFONATE, E76045, Q209301, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 8CI, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 99%, 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid, J-200043, 2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid #, 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulonic acid, 82989-71-7, InChI=1/C7H13NO4S/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12, (1 1-Dimethyl-2-sulfoethyl)acrylamide, 2-Acrylamido-2 2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, AMPS, AMPS-NA, N-[1,1-Dimethyl-2-(sodiosulfo)ethyl]acrylamide, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, Sodium2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, Sodium 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, N-[2-(Sodiooxysulfonyl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]acrylamide, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT, 2-Methyl-2-(acryloylamino)propane-1-sulfonicacidsodiumsalt, 2-Methyl-2-(acryloylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-[(prop-2-enoyl)amino]propane-1-sulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 15214-89-8, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, AMPS, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 2-Acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropansulfonsaeure, 2-Acryloamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propane-sulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, Acide 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonique, acido 2-acrilamido-2-metilpropanosulfonico, Acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid, Lubrizol 2404, Lubrizol AMPS, PROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-, EINECS 239-268-0, UNII-490HQE5KI5, 1202001-18-0, 107240-62-0, 114705-58-7, 1211475-04-5, 127889-32-1, 155380-40-8, 155401-75-5, 382655-32-5, 82989-71-7, 936232-42-7, 1600517-24-5, 1390640-03-5



2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a highly versatile molecule used in the production of polymers.


The IUPAC name for the 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) compound is 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid and the CAS number is 15214-89-8.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very unique polymer with a sulphonic acid group.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly polymerizable and can be just as easily depolymerised using basic methods with acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylic esters, acrylamide etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly hygroscopic- meaning it collects the moisture from the surroundings.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer will collect itself when it comes in contact with water.
The molecular formula of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is C7H13NO4S.
Its aqueous solution is acidic in nature, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is soluble in water but insoluble in acetone.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer and sodium salt allow the polymer producers to manufacture superior quality polymers for usage in a wide range of consumer and industrial products.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is easily available in the market in both granules and liquid form.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is high in productivity and optimum performance.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.


In the 1970s, the earliest patents using 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.
Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving the use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) changes the chemical properties of a wide variety of anionic polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is an organosulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a versatile substance that is inherently hydrolytic and possesses properties such as thermal stability, hydrophilicity, polarity, and reactivity.


Due to its high polymerizability, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can readily be copolymerized with other chemicals such as acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylic esters, and acrylamide.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)’s aqueous solution is acidic and soluble in dimethyl, partially soluble in methanol, but insoluble in acetone


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a white or off-white solid with a molecular formula of C7H13NO4S and a molecular weight of 207.25 g/mol.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s high purity, typically exceeding 95%, ensures reliable and consistent performance in a wide range of applications.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s distinct chemical structure, featuring an acrylamide group and a sulfonic acid moiety, endows it with exceptional versatility and functionality.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a kind of vinyl monomer with sulfonic acid group, which has a good thermal stability.
The decomposition temperature of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be up to 210℃ and the temperature of sodium salt copolymer can reach 329℃.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s hydrolysis is very slow in aqueous solution.
Sodium salt solution has good anti-hydrolysis performance with high PH value.
Under acid condition, the hydrolysisresistant performance of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymer is better than that of polyacrylamide.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be made into crystal or sodium salt solution.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a versatile monomer possessing thermal stability, a hydrolytic nature, hydrophilicity, polarity, and reactivity ratio, and it can be both copolymerized and homopolymerized.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a highly reactive, hydrophilic, sulphonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of a large variety of anionic polymers.
The aqueous solution of2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is acidic in nature and soluble in water but insoluble in acetone.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) along with sodium salt allows the polymers to manufacture high-quality polymers for application in a wide range of consumer and industrial products.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is organic, available in both granules and liquid form.


At present, the application of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) in water treatment agents accounts for 1/3 of the world's output.
In recent years, as countries in the world pay more and more attention to environmental protection, the treatment of various wastewater has also become particularly important.


It is believed that the market demand for 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) will increase year by year.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a unique vinyl monomer with a sulfonic acid group.
In the 1970s, the earliest patents using 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is an organosulfonic acid.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.


Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.


Synthetic fiber: 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is the important monomer which could change the combination property of some synthetic fiber, in particular, the orion and the modacrylic fiber with chloride, the dosage is the 1-4 of the fiber, it could improve the white contentdyeing property ntistaticventilation property and flame resistance.


The sizes of the textile: The copolymer of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), ethyl acetate and acrylic acid, it is the ideal size of the cotton and the polyester blend fabric, it has the characteristic of easy to use and east to use the water to remove.


Paper making: The copolymer of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with other watersoluble monomer, this is the indispensable chemical in all kinds of papermaking factory, it could be used as the drainage aid and on gel, it could increase the strength of the paper, it also could be used as the pigment dispersing agent of color coating.


Water treatment uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS): The 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer homopolymer with the acrylamide acrylic acid monomer homopolymer, they could besludge dehydrating agent in the sewage purification process and preservative of the iron,zinc,aluminum,cooper,alloy in the closed water circulation system, they also could be used ascleaning and scale inhibitor of heatercoolingtowerair cleanerg-cleaner.


Crop protection: 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) increases in dissolved and nanoparticulate polymer formulations bioavailability of pesticides in aqueous-organic formulations.
Membranes: 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) increases water flow, retention and fouling resistance of asymmetric ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes and is being studied as an anionic component in polymer fuel cell membranes.


Acrylic fiber uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS): A number of enhanced performance characteristics are imparted to acrylic, modified-acrylic, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride fibers: dye receptivity, moisture absorbency, and static resistance.
Detergents: 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.


Personal care: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in a wide range of applications including textiles, flocculants, dispersants, scale control agents and well-additives.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is also used in good additives, paint and coatings, water treatment agents (majorly as a scale preventing agent), paper and pulp industry, acrylic fibre dyeing aids.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) has excellent synthesis, absorptivity, surface activity, biological activity, hydraulic and thermal stability


There are various applications in diversified areas involving the use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) monomers such as oil fields, construction chemicals, hydrogens for chemicals, adhesives and rheology modifiers, emulsion coatings and personal care products.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is suitable for application in co-polymerization and in addition reactions.


The major and most popular use of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) compound is in water treatment, latex, adhesives, and acrylic fibres.
Detergents: 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.


Personal care products: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is an important monomer.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weight can be widely used in textile, oil drilling, water treatment, papermaking, dying, coating, cosmetics, electronics, etc. because of its unique formular structure—containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weights can be widely used in textile, oil drilling, water treatment, papermaking, dying, coating, cosmetics, electronics, etc. because of its unique formula structure containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used intermediates.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is an important monomer.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is widely used in oilfield chemistry, water treatment, synthetic fibers, plastics, printing and dyeing, papermaking, water paint, biomedicine, magnetic materials and cosmetics etc.
The diverse applications of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) span a wide range of industries and research areas.


The primary application of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), when used at the highest purity level, is in the petroleum recovery industry.
Other areas of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) of application include Water treatment, Acrylic fibers,


Oilfields, Latex and adhesives, Emulsion coatings ,Personal care products, Medical and construction applications.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is applied in the production of Polymers ,Textiles, Flocculants, Dispersants, scale, control agents, and well-additives.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used Acrylic fiber, Coating and adhesive, Detergents, Personal care, Medical hydrogel, Oil field applications, Water treatment applications, Crop protection, Membranes, and Construction applications.


2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is widely used in textiles (spinning, dyeing), plastics, papermaking, coatings, sewage treatment, oil extraction and other industrial production, manufacturing excellent antistatic agents, dyeing agents, dispersants, water absorbing agents, flocculants, Foam stabilizers, special coating, oil field chemical agent, etc.


One of the main uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is to produce water treatment agents.
At present, the research and production of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) in water treatment agents have been widely carried out in China, especially the research on organic phosphonic acid and carboxylic acid copolymer, which is the most widely used water treatment agent in industrial cooling water system.


-Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) finds use as a buffer in aqueous solutions, maintaining optimal pH conditions for various biological processes and drug formulations.
Its unique transport properties and ability to form hydrogen bonds make 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) a valuable component in the development of innovative pharmaceutical and biomedical products.


-Personal Care and Cosmetic Formulations:
The chemical and biological properties of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) make it a desirable ingredient in personal care and cosmetic products.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s ability to interact with other compounds and its compatibility with various formulations allow for the creation of advanced, high-performance personal care solutions.


-Advanced Materials and Coatings:
Researchers in material science and engineering leverage the versatility of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) to develop novel materials with enhanced performance characteristics.

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s integration into polymers, coatings, and other advanced materials can lead to improved mechanical properties, thermal stability, and functional attributes.


-Coating and adhesive:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide range of pH.

Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and also reduce the amount of surfactants leaching out of paint film.

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives and increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations.


-Medical hydrogel uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS):
High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is introduced to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.

Hydrogel with 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used to electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.

In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used due to its high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbents e. g. for baby diapers.


-Oil field applications:
Polymers in oil field applications have to stand hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and the resistance to hard water containing metal ions.

For example, in drilling operations where conditions of high salinity, high temperature and high pressure are present, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers and water-control polymers, and in polymer flooding applications.


-Water treatment applications:
The cation stability of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers are very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights cannot only inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers, but also help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide.
When high molecular weight polymers are used, they can be used to precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.


-Construction applications:
Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
Benefits of these additives include improved strength, improved workability, improved durability of cement mixtures.

Redispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is introduced, in cement mixtures control air pore content and prevent agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from the powder manufacturing and storage.

Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from being formed as lime on concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of coating


-Oilfield chemistry:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is rapid development in the application of the oil field chemistry.
The scope including oil well cement admixtures drilling fluid additive acidizing fluid well completion fluid,work over fluid,fracture fluid.


-Latex and Adhesive applications:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is known to achieve outstanding latex stability in high-performance latex coatings.

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations and improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives.

The polymers with lower molecular weight containing 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) Monomer are especially efficient dispersants for highly-polar operations.


-Oil Field applications:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in the oil field application in its granule and liquified form because of its unmatchable thermal and hydraulic stability.

Such hostile environments demand only high-performing products.
The tendency to increase the viscosity and divalent cation stability is what makes 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) an ideal solution for many oil field operations.


-Water treatment applications.
The cation stability of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers is very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights can inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers and help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide.
When high molecular weight polymers are used, they can precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.


-Oil field applications.
Polymers in oil field applications must stand in hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and resistance to hard water-containing metal ions.

For example, in drilling operations where high salinity, high temperature, and high pressure are present, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers, and water-control polymers and in polymer flooding applications.


-Construction applications.
Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
The benefits of these additives include improved strength, workability, and durability of cement mixtures.

In addition, re-dispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is introduced in cement mixtures, controls air pore content and prevents agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from powder manufacturing and storage.

Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from forming as lime on the concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of the coating.


-Medical hydrogel applications.
High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when introducing 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.

In addition, Hydrogel with 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used for electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.

In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
Finally, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is used due to its high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbent, e. g. for baby diapers.


-Coating and adhesive.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)'s sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide pH range.
Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and reduce surfactants leaching out of paint film.

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) improves adhesive thermal and mechanical properties and increases pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations’ adhesive strength.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a sulfonic acid acrylic monomer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is reactive and hydrophilic.
The sulfonate group gives 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at a wide pH range.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) absorbs water readily and imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.



PRODUCTION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water.
The recent patent literature describes batch and continuous processes that produce AMPS in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
*Hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers.


*Polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.


*Solubility:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.


*Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation:
Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.

The result is a significant reduction in the precipitation of a wide variety of mineral salts, including calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, zinc, barium and chromium.
Determining viscosity-average molecular weight (Mark-Houwink constants)



REACTIVITY RATIO OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) reacts well with a variety of vinyl monomers.
M2= 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) or † sodium salt of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS).



SOLUBILITY OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly soluble in water (1×106 mg/L at 25°C ).



NOTES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is hygroscopic.
Store 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) away from oxidizing agents and bases.
Keep 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) the container tightly closed and place it in a cool, dry and well ventilated condition.



PREPARATION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can be synthesized by one step and two steps.
The one-step method is to react the raw materials acrylonitrile, isobutylene and oleum together.

The two-step method is to sulfonate isobutylene in the presence of a reaction solvent to obtain a sulfonated intermediate, and then react with acrylonitrile in the presence of sulfuric acid.
One-step method is more economical.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a white crystal.
The melting point of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is 195°C (decomposition).

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is soluble in water, the solution is acidic.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is soluble in dimethylformamide, partially soluble in methanol, ethanol, and insoluble in acetone.
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is slightly sour.



BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
At its core, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a proton-donor that is often utilized as a buffer in aqueous solutions.
Its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules grants 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) unique transport properties, making it a valuable component in various biological and chemical systems.

The acidic nature of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), stemming from its sulfonic acid group, allows it to interact with other compounds through hydrogen bonding.
This property enables 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) to serve as a versatile building block in the synthesis of novel materials and formulations, unlocking new possibilities in fields such as pharmaceuticals, personal care, and advanced materials.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
*Hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers.


*Polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.


*Solubility:
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.


*Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation:
Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
Chemical formula: C7H13NO4S
Molar mass: 207.24 g·mol−1
Appearance: White crystalline powder or granular particles
Density: 1.1 g/cm³ (15.6 °C)
Melting point: 195 °C (383 °F; 468 K)
Formula Weight: 207.25 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 207.05652907 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 207.05652907 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 91.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 299

Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: Powder
Color: White
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point/range: 195 °C - dec.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable. - Flammability (solids)
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable

Autoignition temperature: > 400 °C at 1013.250 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available;
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 500 g/l at 20 °C - soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: -3.7 at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: < 0.1 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 1.36 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not explosive
Other safety information:

Surface tension: 70.5 mN/m at 1 g/l at 20 °C
Dissociation constant: 2.4 at 20 °C
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
Molar Mass: 229.23
Density: 1.2055 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Boiling Point: 110 °C at 101.325 kPa
Vapor Pressure: 0 Pa at 25 °C
Specific Gravity: 1.206
Sensitive: 0; forms stable aqueous solutions
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.4220 (lit.)
CAS number: 15214-89-8
EC number: 239-268-0
Hill Formula: C₇H₁₃NO₄S
Formula Weight: 207.25 g/mol

HS Code: 2924 19 00
Density: 1.36 g/cm³ (20 °C)
Melting Point: 190 °C
Vapor pressure: Bulk density: 640 kg/m³
Solubility: >500 g/l soluble
CBNumber: CB3470952
Molecular Formula: C7H13NO4S
Molecular Weight: 207.25
MDL Number: MFCD00007522
MOL File: 15214-89-8.mol
Melting point: 195 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Density: 1.45
Vapor Pressure: Refractive Index: 1.6370 (estimate)
Flash Point: 160 °C
Storage Temp.: Store below +30°C.

Solubility: >500 g/L soluble
pKa: 1.67±0.50 (Predicted)
Form: Solution
Color: White
Water Solubility: 1500 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
BRN: 1946464
Stability: Light Sensitive
InChIKey: HNKOEEKIRDEWRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.7 at 20℃ and pH1-7
Surface Tension: 70.5 mN/m at 1 g/L and 20℃
Dissociation Constant: 2.4 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 15214-89-8 (CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA UNII: 490HQE5KI5

EPA Substance Registry System: 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]- (15214-89-8)
Molecular Weight: 207.24700
Exact Mass: 207.25
EC Number: 925-482-8
UNII: 490HQE5KI5
DSSTox ID: DTXSID5027770
HScode: 2942000000
Characteristics:
PSA: 91.85000
XLogP3: -0.4
Appearance: White powder
Density: 1.45
Melting Point: 184-186 °C
Boiling Point: 412ºC
Flash Point: 160ºC

Refractive Index: 1.502
Water Solubility: H2O: 1500 g/L (20 ºC)
Storage Conditions: 2-8ºC
Molecular Weight: 207.25
XLogP3: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 207.05652907
Monoisotopic Mass: 207.05652907
Topological Polar Surface Area: 91.8
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Complexity: 299
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: White crystal powder
Non-volatile matter: ≥98.50%(m/m)
Acid Value: 268-278 mgKOH/g
Melting Point: 180-185℃
Water Content: ≤1.0%(m/m)
Iron Content: ≤0.002%(m/m)
Color (25% aqueous solution), Pt-Co: ≤100
Purity: ≥97.00%(m/m)
Melting Point: ∼195°C (decomposition)
Quantity: 50 g
UN Number: UN2585
Beilstein: 1946464
Formula Weight: 207.25
Percent Purity: 98%
Chemical Name or Material: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
hygroscopic
Heat sensitive.
Handle under inert gas.
Protect from moisture.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510):
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID
DESCRIPTION:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) was a Trademark name by The Lubrizol Corporation.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
In the 1970s, the earliest patents using 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.

CAS Number: 15214-89-8
EC Number: 239-268-0
Molecular Weight: 207.25


2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid is an organosulfonic acid.
Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl Propanesulfonic Acid, also known as 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, is a sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to change the chemical properties of anionic polymers.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is a highly versatile molecule used in the production of polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is a very unique polymer with a sulphonic acid group.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is highly polymerizable and can be just as easily depolymerised using basic methods with acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylic esters, acrylamide etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is highly hygroscopic- meaning 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid collects the moisture from the surroundings.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid monomer will collect itself when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid comes in contact with water.

Its aqueous solution is acidic in nature, soluble in water but insoluble in acetone.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid monomer and sodium salt allow the polymer producers to manufacture superior quality polymers for usage in a wide range of consumer and industrial products.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is easily available in the market in both granules and liquid form.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is high in productivity and optimum performance.


PRODUCTION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID:

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water.
The recent patent literature describes batch and continuous processes that produce 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.

PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID:
Hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid -containing polymers.

Polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.

Solubility:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.

Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation:
Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.

The result is a significant reduction in the precipitation of a wide variety of mineral salts, including calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, zinc, barium and chromium.
Determining viscosity-average molecular weight (Mark-Houwink constants)

APPLICATIONS OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID:
Acrylic fiber: A number of enhanced performance characteristics are imparted to acrylic, modified-acrylic, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride fibers: dye receptivity, moisture absorbency, and static resistance.
Coating and adhesive: Its sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide range of pH.

Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and also reduce the amount of surfactants leaching out of paint film.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives, and increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations.

Detergents: Enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.
Personal care: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.

Medical hydrogel: High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is introduced to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.
Hydrogel with AMPS showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used to electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.

In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
Is used due to its high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbents e. g. for baby diapers.

Oil field applications: Polymers in oil field applications have to stand hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and the resistance to hard water containing metal ions.
For example, in drilling operations where conditions of high salinity, high temperature and high pressure are present, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers and water-control polymers, and in polymer flooding applications.

Water treatment applications: The cation stability of the AMPS-containing polymers are very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights cannot only inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers, but also help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide.
When high molecular weight polymers are used, they can be used to precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.

Crop protection: increases in dissolved and nanoparticulate polymer formulations bioavailability of pesticides in aqueous-organic formulations.

Membranes: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid increases water flow, retention and fouling resistance of asymmetric ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes and is being studied as an anionic component in polymer fuel cell membranes.

Construction applications: Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
Benefits of these additives include improved strength, improved workability, improved durability of cement mixtures.
Redispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid is introduced, in cement mixtures control air pore content and prevent agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from the powder manufacturing and storage.

Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid -containing polymers prevent calcium ions from being formed as lime on concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of coating


2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.

2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is used in a wide range of applications including textiles, flocculants, dispersants, scale control agents and well-additives.
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is also used in good additives, paint and coatings, water treatment agents (majorly as a scale preventing agent), paper and pulp industry, acrylic fibre dyeing aids.
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid has an excellent synthesis, absorptivity, surface activity, biological activity, hydraulic and thermal stability

There are various applications in diversified areas involving the use of 2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomers such as oil fields, construction chemicals, hydrogens for chemicals, adhesives and rheology modifiers, emulsion coatings and personal care products.
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is suitable for application in co-polymerization and in addition reactions.
The major and most popular use of this chemical compound is in water treatment, latex, adhesives, and acrylic fibres.
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is also used in the following applications:

Latex and Adhesive applications:
The 2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is known to achieve outstanding latex stability in high-performance latex coatings.
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations and improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives.
The polymers with lower molecular weight containing 2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid Monomer are especially efficient dispersants for highly-polar operations.


Oil Field applications:
The acrylamide tertiary-butyl sulfonic acid is used in the oil field application in its granule and liquified form because of its unmatchable thermal and hydraulic stability.
Such hostile environments demand only high-performing products.
The tendency to increase the viscosity and divalent cation stability is what makes it an ideal solution for many oil field operations.


2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Copolymer can be used as scale inhibitor and dispersant in open circulating cooling water system, oilfield refill water system, metallurgy system and iron & steel plants to prevent sediment of ferric oxide.
When built with organophosphorines and zinc salt, the suitable pH value is 7.0~9.5.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Copolymer can also be used as dyeing auxiliaries for textile

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID:
Chemical formula C7H13NO4S
Molar mass 207.24 g•mol−1
Appearance White crystalline powder or granular particles
Density 1.1 g/cm3 (15.6 °C)
Melting point 195 °C (383 °F; 468 K),
Linear Formula: H2C=CHCONHC(CH3)2CH2SO3H
CAS Number: 15214-89-8
Molecular Weight: 207.25
EC Number: 239-268-0
MDL number: MFCD00007522
Molecular Weight 207.25 g/mol
XLogP3-AA -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Rotatable Bond Count 4
Exact Mass 207.05652907 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 207.05652907 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 91.8Ų
Heavy Atom Count 13
Formal Charge 0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity 299
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Formula C7H13NO4S
Formula Weight 207.25
Melting point: ca 195° dec.
Density 1.10
Storage & Sensitivity Keep Cold. Hygroscopic.
Solubility Highly soluble in water (1×106 mg/L at 25°C ).

Appearance Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid
Solid content, % 40.0 min
Free monomer (as AA), % 0.5 max
Density (20℃), g/cm3 1.15 min
pH(1% water solution) 3.5-4.5


Other names:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid



SYNONYMS OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID:
2-acrylamide 2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, monosodium salt
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, potassium salt
2-AMPS
AMPS sulfonate cpd
15214-89-8
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
27119-07-9
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid
AtBS
acryloyldimethyltaurine
DTXSID5027770
LUBRIZOL AMPS
TBAS-Q
EINECS 239-268-0
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID
UNII-490HQE5KI5
490HQE5KI5
DTXCID207770
tert-butylacrylamidosulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid
acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid
acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-
EC 239-268-0
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS)
2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2,2-DIMETHYLETHANESULFONIC ACID
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino)-
CAS-15214-89-8
SCHEMBL19490
2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer
CHEMBL1907040
CHEBI:166476
Tox21_201781
Tox21_303523
(C7-H13-N-O4-S)x-
MFCD00007522
AKOS015898709
CS-W015266
5165-97-9 (mono-hydrochloride salt)
NCGC00163969-01
NCGC00163969-02
NCGC00257492-01
NCGC00259330-01
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid
LS-120969
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonicacid
2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
A0926
FT-0610988
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPIONESULFONATE
E76045
Q209301
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 8CI
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 99%
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid
J-200043
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid #
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulonic acid
82989-71-7
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid
15214-89-8 [RN]
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]- [ACD/Index Name]
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propansulfonsäure [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
239-268-0 [EINECS]
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid [Wiki]
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propyl-sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid
Acide 2-(acryloylamino)-2-méthyl-1-propanesulfonique [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
MFCD00007522 [MDL number]
TZ6658000
[15214-89-8] [RN]
107240-62-0 [RN]
114705-58-7 [RN]
127889-32-1 [RN]
155380-40-8 [RN]
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-
201849-71-0 [RN]
201849-72-1 [RN]
201849-73-2 [RN]
201849-74-3 [RN]
27119-07-9 [RN]
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonicacid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 8CI
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid
2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid
2-acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(1-oxoprop-2-enylamino)-1-propanesulfonate
2-methyl-2-(1-oxoprop-2-enylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid
2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propanesulfonic acid
2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid
5165-97-9 [RN]
52825-28-2 [RN]
60474-89-7 [RN]
82989-71-7 [RN]
88528-38-5 [RN]
AMPS
EINECS 239-268-0
NCGC00163969-01
ST5307457
T5SJ B1 C1 DVQ E- AT5NJ [WLN]
TZ 6658000


2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS)
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is an organosulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a versatile substance that is inherently hydrolytic and possesses properties such as thermal stability, hydrophilicity, polarity, and reactivity.


CAS Number: 15214-89-8
EC Number: 239-268-0
MDL number: MFCD00007522
Linear Formula: H2C=CHCONHC(CH3)2CH2SO3H
Chemical formula: C7H13NO4S



SYNONYMS:
1-Propanesulfonicacid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl- (8CI), 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-(9CI), 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, AMPS(sulfonic acid), Acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, TBAS-Q, tert-Butylacrylamidosulfonic acid, AMPS, TBAS, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid, ACRYLAMIDO BUFFER, ampsna, TBAS-Q, 2-AcryL, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane-1-Sulfonic acid, ATBS Monomer, AMPS Monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, AMPS, Lubrizol AMPS, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid, AMPS (sulfonic acid), 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, Lubrizol 2404, TBAS-Q, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, Acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid, ATBS, tert-Butylacrylamidosulfonic acid, Lubrizol 2402, 2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, CG 810S-P, 2-Acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, N-Acryloyl-2,2-dimethyltaurine, (1,1-Dimethyl-2-sulfoethyl)acrylamide, 2-Acrylamido-2-methy-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid, 82989-71-7, 107240-62-0, 114705-58-7, 127889-32-1, 155380-40-8, 155401-75-5, 382655-32-5, 936232-42-7, 1211475-04-5, 1390640-03-5, 1600517-24-5, 2146156-10-5, 2321346-04-5, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid,2-Methyl-2-[(prop-2-enoyl)amino]propane-1-sulfonic acid,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-,15214-89-8,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-,AMPS,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-,1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 15214-89-8, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 27119-07-9, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid, AtBS, acrylamido dimethyl taurine, DTXSID5027770, LUBRIZOL AMPS, 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid, TBAS-Q, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, 490HQE5KI5, DTXCID207770, tert-butylacrylamidosulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid, acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-, 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2,2-DIMETHYLETHANESULFONIC ACID, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino)-, CAS-15214-89-8, EINECS 239-268-0, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID, UNII-490HQE5KI5, EC 239-268-0, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), SCHEMBL19490, 2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer, CHEMBL1907040, CHEBI:166476, Tox21_201781, Tox21_303523, MFCD00007522, AKOS015898709, CS-W015266, 5165-97-9 (mono-hydrochloride salt), NCGC00163969-01, NCGC00163969-02, NCGC00257492-01, NCGC00259330-01, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonicacid, 2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, A0926, NS00005061, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPIONESULFONATE, E76045, Q209301, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 8CI, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 99%, 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid, J-200043, 2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid #, 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulonic acid, 82989-71-7, InChI=1/C7H13NO4S/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12, (1 1-Dimethyl-2-sulfoethyl)acrylamide, 2-Acrylamido-2 2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, AMPS, AMPS-NA, N-[1,1-Dimethyl-2-(sodiosulfo)ethyl]acrylamide, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, Sodium2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, Sodium 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, N-[2-(Sodiooxysulfonyl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]acrylamide, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT, 2-Methyl-2-(acryloylamino)propane-1-sulfonicacidsodiumsalt, 2-Methyl-2-(acryloylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-[(prop-2-enoyl)amino]propane-1-sulfonic acid, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 15214-89-8, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, AMPS, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, 2-Acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethanesulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropansulfonsaeure, 2-Acryloamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-Acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propane-sulfonic acid, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, Acide 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonique, acido 2-acrilamido-2-metilpropanosulfonico, Acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid, Lubrizol 2404, Lubrizol AMPS, PROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-, EINECS 239-268-0, UNII-490HQE5KI5, 1202001-18-0, 107240-62-0, 114705-58-7, 1211475-04-5, 127889-32-1, 155380-40-8, 155401-75-5, 382655-32-5, 82989-71-7, 936232-42-7, 1600517-24-5, 1390640-03-5



2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a versatile chemical compound that finds a wide range of applications across various industries due to its unique properties, particularly its high water solubility and ionic nature.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is high in productivity and optimum performance.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
In the 1970s, the earliest patents using 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.


Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving the use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) changes the chemical properties of a wide variety of anionic polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is an organosulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a versatile substance that is inherently hydrolytic and possesses properties such as thermal stability, hydrophilicity, polarity, and reactivity.


Due to its high polymerizability, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can readily be copolymerized with other chemicals such as acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylic esters, and acrylamide.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)’s aqueous solution is acidic and soluble in dimethyl, partially soluble in methanol, but insoluble in acetone.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a white or off-white solid with a molecular formula of C7H13NO4S and a molecular weight of 207.25 g/mol.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s high purity, typically exceeding 95%, ensures reliable and consistent performance in a wide range of applications.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s distinct chemical structure, featuring an acrylamide group and a sulfonic acid moiety, endows it with exceptional versatility and functionality.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a kind of vinyl monomer with sulfonic acid group, which has a good thermal stability.


The decomposition temperature of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be up to 210℃ and the temperature of sodium salt copolymer can reach 329℃.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s hydrolysis is very slow in aqueous solution.


Sodium salt solution has good anti-hydrolysis performance with high PH value.
Under acid condition, the hydrolysisresistant performance of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymer is better than that of polyacrylamide.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be made into crystal or sodium salt solution.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a versatile monomer possessing thermal stability, a hydrolytic nature, hydrophilicity, polarity, and reactivity ratio, and it can be both copolymerized and homopolymerized.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a high grade reagent.
Also known as AMPS, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly polymerizable and can be just as easily depolymerised using basic methods with acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylic esters, acrylamide etc.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly hygroscopic- meaning it collects the moisture from the surroundings.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer will collect itself when it comes in contact with water.
The molecular formula of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is C7H13NO4S.


Its aqueous solution is acidic in nature, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is soluble in water but insoluble in acetone.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer and sodium salt allow the polymer producers to manufacture superior quality polymers for usage in a wide range of consumer and industrial products.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is easily available in the market in both granules and liquid form.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a highly reactive, hydrophilic, sulphonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of a large variety of anionic polymers.


The aqueous solution of2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is acidic in nature and soluble in water but insoluble in acetone.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) along with sodium salt allows the polymers to manufacture high-quality polymers for application in a wide range of consumer and industrial products.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is organic, available in both granules and liquid form.
At present, the application of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in water treatment agents accounts for 1/3 of the world's output.
In recent years, as countries in the world pay more and more attention to environmental protection, the treatment of various wastewater has also become particularly important.


It is believed that the market demand for 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) will increase year by year.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is available as a white crystalline powder, which is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF).
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be synthesized by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulphuric acid and water.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be made into crystal or sodium salt solution.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very unique polymer with a sulphonic acid group.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a highly versatile molecule used in the production of polymers.
The IUPAC name for the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) compound is 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid and the CAS number is 15214-89-8.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very unique polymer with a sulphonic acid group.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a unique vinyl monomer with a sulfonic acid group.
In the 1970s, the earliest patents using 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is an organosulfonic acid.
The sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very strong ionic group, and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
Cosmetics and Personal Care uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS): 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based polymers are used in cosmetic and personal care products, such as hair styling products and skin care formulations, to enhance product performance and consistency.
Paints and Coatings uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS): 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based polymers can be added to paint and coating formulations to improve their adhesion, durability, and resistance to moisture.


These applications highlight the versatility of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and its importance in various industries where water absorption, ionic interactions, and performance-enhancing properties are required.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s important to note that the specific formulation and use of AMPS-based products can vary widely depending on the industry and application.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.
Paper Industry uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS): 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based polymers are used as retention aids and drainage aids in the papermaking process to improve the formation and strength of paper products.


Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.


Synthetic fiber: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is the important monomer which could change the combination property of some synthetic fiber, in particular, the orion and the modacrylic fiber with chloride, the dosage is the 1-4 of the fiber, it could improve the white contentdyeing property ntistaticventilation property and flame resistance.


The sizes of the textile: The copolymer of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), ethyl acetate and acrylic acid, it is the ideal size of the cotton and the polyester blend fabric, it has the characteristic of easy to use and east to use the water to remove.


Paper making: The copolymer of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) with other watersoluble monomer, this is the indispensable chemical in all kinds of papermaking factory, it could be used as the drainage aid and on gel, it could increase the strength of the paper, it also could be used as the pigment dispersing agent of color coating.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is widely used in oilfield chemistry, water treatment, synthetic fibers, plastics, printing and dyeing, papermaking, water paint, biomedicine, magnetic materials and cosmetics etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) has a wide range of applications in biological and chemical industries.


Water treatment uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS): The 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer homopolymer with the acrylamide acrylic acid monomer homopolymer, they could besludge dehydrating agent in the sewage purification process and preservative of the iron,zinc,aluminum,cooper,alloy in the closed water circulation system, they also could be used ascleaning and scale inhibitor of heatercoolingtowerair cleanerg-cleaner.


Crop protection: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) increases in dissolved and nanoparticulate polymer formulations bioavailability of pesticides in aqueous-organic formulations.
Membranes: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) increases water flow, retention and fouling resistance of asymmetric ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes and is being studied as an anionic component in polymer fuel cell membranes.


Acrylic fiber uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS): A number of enhanced performance characteristics are imparted to acrylic, modified-acrylic, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride fibers: dye receptivity, moisture absorbency, and static resistance.
Detergents: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) imparts dye receptivity, moisture absorbency, and static resistance to acrylic, modified-acrylic, polypropylene and polyvinylidine fluoride fibers.
Personal care: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in a wide range of applications including textiles, flocculants, dispersants, scale control agents and well-additives.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is also used in good additives, paint and coatings, water treatment agents (majorly as a scale preventing agent), paper and pulp industry, acrylic fibre dyeing aids.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) has excellent synthesis, absorptivity, surface activity, biological activity, hydraulic and thermal stability
There are various applications in diversified areas involving the use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) monomers such as oil fields, construction chemicals, hydrogens for chemicals, adhesives and rheology modifiers, emulsion coatings and personal care products.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is suitable for application in co-polymerization and in addition reactions.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) improves the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing attachment of dirt.


The major and most popular use of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) compound is in water treatment, latex, adhesives, and acrylic fibres.
Detergents: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.


Personal care products: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is an important monomer.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used to enhance the water-absorbing and swelling capacity of hydrogels in medical applications.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weight can be widely used in textile, oil drilling, water treatment, papermaking, dying, coating, cosmetics, electronics, etc. because of its unique formular structure—containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weights can be widely used in textile, oil drilling, water treatment, papermaking, dying, coating, cosmetics, electronics, etc. because of its unique formula structure containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used intermediates.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is an important monomer.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is widely used in oilfield chemistry, water treatment, synthetic fibers, plastics, printing and dyeing, papermaking, water paint, biomedicine, magnetic materials and cosmetics etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) additionally increases water flow, retention and fouling resistance of asymmetric ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes.


The diverse applications of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) span a wide range of industries and research areas.
The primary application of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), when used at the highest purity level, is in the petroleum recovery industry.
Other areas of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) of application include Water treatment, Acrylic fibers, Oilfields, Latex and adhesives, Emulsion coatings ,Personal care products, Medical and construction applications.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is applied in the production of Polymers ,Textiles, Flocculants, Dispersants, scale, control agents, and well-additives.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used Acrylic fiber, Coating and adhesive, Detergents, Personal care, Medical hydrogel, Oil field applications, Water treatment applications, Crop protection, Membranes, and Construction applications.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is ideal for the synthesis of various compound in industrial processes, and is furthermore widely used in research applications.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is widely used in textiles (spinning, dyeing), plastics, papermaking, coatings, sewage treatment, oil extraction and other industrial production, manufacturing excellent antistatic agents, dyeing agents, dispersants, water absorbing agents, flocculants, Foam stabilizers, special coating, oil field chemical agent, etc.


At present, the research and production of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in water treatment agents have been widely carried out in China, especially the research on organic phosphonic acid and carboxylic acid copolymer, which is the most widely used water treatment agent in industrial cooling water system.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be used in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.
One of the main uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is to produce water treatment agents.


-Advanced Materials and Coatings:
Researchers in material science and engineering leverage the versatility of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) to develop novel materials with enhanced performance characteristics.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s integration into polymers, coatings, and other advanced materials can lead to improved mechanical properties, thermal stability, and functional attributes.


-Coating and adhesive:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide range of pH.

Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and also reduce the amount of surfactants leaching out of paint film.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives and increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations.


-For water treatment uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
Not only homopolymer of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) monomer but also AMPS copolymer with acrylamide, acrylic acid and other monomers can be used as sludge dehydrating agent in sewage purification process.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used as sealing agents for iron, zinc, aluminum, copper, and alloys in closed water circulation systems.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can also be used as detergent and scale inhibitor for heater, cooling tower, air purifier and gas purifier descaling agent, scale inhibitor.


-Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a key component in the production of superabsorbent polymers.
These polymers have the ability to absorb and retain large amounts of water or aqueous solutions, making them ideal for use in products like diapers, sanitary pads, and agricultural soil conditioners.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based SAPs can also be used in the oil industry for water control in oil wells and drilling fluids.


-Water Treatment uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in water treatment processes to improve the removal of impurities and suspended solids from water.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can function as a coagulant and flocculant aid in water purification, helping to clarify and clean water for drinking, industrial processes, and wastewater treatment.


-Medical hydrogel uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is introduced to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.

Hydrogel with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used to electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.

In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used due to its high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbents e. g. for baby diapers.


-Oil field applications:
Polymers in oil field applications have to stand hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and the resistance to hard water containing metal ions.

For example, in drilling operations where conditions of high salinity, high temperature and high pressure are present, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers and water-control polymers, and in polymer flooding applications.


-Specialty Polymers uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is copolymerized with other monomers to create specialty polymers with unique properties.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be tailored for specific applications, such as enhanced oil recovery, where they are used to improve the flow of oil from reservoirs.


-Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) finds use as a buffer in aqueous solutions, maintaining optimal pH conditions for various biological processes and drug formulations.
Its unique transport properties and ability to form hydrogen bonds make 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) a valuable component in the development of innovative pharmaceutical and biomedical products.


-Water treatment applications:
The cation stability of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers are very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights cannot only inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers, but also help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide.
When high molecular weight polymers are used, they can be used to precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.


-Construction applications:
Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
Benefits of these additives include improved strength, improved workability, improved durability of cement mixtures.

Redispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is introduced, in cement mixtures control air pore content and prevent agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from the powder manufacturing and storage.

Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from being formed as lime on concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of coating


-Personal Care and Cosmetic Formulations:
The chemical and biological properties of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) make it a desirable ingredient in personal care and cosmetic products.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s ability to interact with other compounds and its compatibility with various formulations allow for the creation of advanced, high-performance personal care solutions.


-Textile Industry uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based polymers are used in the textile industry as finishing agents to enhance the performance and properties of fabrics.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can impart properties such as stain resistance, water repellency, and wrinkle resistance to textiles.


-Oilfield chemistry:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is rapid development in the application of the oil field chemistry.
The scope including oil well cement admixtures drilling fluid additive acidizing fluid well completion fluid,work over fluid,fracture fluid.


-Latex and Adhesive applications:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is known to achieve outstanding latex stability in high-performance latex coatings.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations and improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives.

The polymers with lower molecular weight containing 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) Monomer are especially efficient dispersants for highly-polar operations.


-Oil Field applications:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in the oil field application in its granule and liquified form because of its unmatchable thermal and hydraulic stability.

Such hostile environments demand only high-performing products.
The tendency to increase the viscosity and divalent cation stability is what makes 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) an ideal solution for many oil field operations.


-Water treatment applications.
The cation stability of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers is very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights can inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers and help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide.
When high molecular weight polymers are used, they can precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.


-Oil and Gas Industry uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
In addition to enhanced oil recovery, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used in drilling fluids and cement slurries to control fluid loss and improve the performance of drilling operations.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can also be found in various oilfield chemicals.


-Oil field applications.
Polymers in oil field applications must stand in hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and resistance to hard water-containing metal ions.

For example, in drilling operations where high salinity, high temperature, and high pressure are present, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers, and water-control polymers and in polymer flooding applications.


-Construction applications.
Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
The benefits of these additives include improved strength, workability, and durability of cement mixtures.

In addition, re-dispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is introduced in cement mixtures, controls air pore content and prevents agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from powder manufacturing and storage.

Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from forming as lime on the concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of the coating.


-Ion Exchange Resins uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
Cross-linked 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based resins are used in ion exchange processes for applications such as water softening, purification, and metal recovery.
These resins can selectively remove or exchange specific ions in solution.


-Adhesives and Sealants uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based polymers are used in adhesive and sealant formulations to improve adhesion and cohesion properties.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can enhance the bonding strength and durability of adhesives and sealants.


-Agriculture uses :
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-based superabsorbent polymers are used in agriculture to improve soil moisture retention, particularly in arid and drought-prone regions.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can help increase crop yields and reduce water usage.


-Medical hydrogel applications.
High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when introducing 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.

In addition, Hydrogel with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used for electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.

In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
Finally, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is used due to its high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbent, e. g. for baby diapers.


-Coating and adhesive.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide pH range.
Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and reduce surfactants leaching out of paint film.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) improves adhesive thermal and mechanical properties and increases pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations’ adhesive strength.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a kind of vinyl monomer with sulfonic acid group, which has a good thermal stability.
The decomposition temperature of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be up to 210 and the temperature of sodium salt copolymer can reach 329~C.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s hydrolysis is very slow in aqueous solution.
Sodium salt solution of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) has good anti-hydrolysis performance with high PH value.
Under acid condition, the hydrolysis-resistant performance of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymer is better than that of polyacrylamide.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be made into crystal or sodium salt solution.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of sulfonic acid monomers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)'s copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weight can be widely used due to unique formular structure—containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly soluble in water, which makes it suitable for various water-based applications.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is typically used as a monomer or as part of a polymer rather than in its pure form.

The properties and applications of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can vary depending on its specific use and how it is incorporated into various materials and products.



BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
At its core, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a proton-donor that is often utilized as a buffer in aqueous solutions.
Its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules grants 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) unique transport properties, making it a valuable component in various biological and chemical systems.

The acidic nature of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), stemming from its sulfonic acid group, allows it to interact with other compounds through hydrogen bonding.

This property enables 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) to serve as a versatile building block in the synthesis of novel materials and formulations, unlocking new possibilities in fields such as pharmaceuticals, personal care, and advanced materials.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
*Hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers.


*Polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.


*Solubility:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.


*Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation:
Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a sulfonic acid acrylic monomer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is reactive and hydrophilic.
The sulfonate group gives 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at a wide pH range.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) absorbs water readily and imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.



PRODUCTION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water.
The recent patent literature describes batch and continuous processes that produce AMPS in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.



PREPARATION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can be synthesized by one step and two steps.
The one-step method is to react the raw materials acrylonitrile, isobutylene and oleum together.

The two-step method is to sulfonate isobutylene in the presence of a reaction solvent to obtain a sulfonated intermediate, and then react with acrylonitrile in the presence of sulfuric acid.
One-step method is more economical.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a white crystal.
The melting point of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is 195°C (decomposition).

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is soluble in water, the solution is acidic.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is soluble in dimethylformamide, partially soluble in methanol, ethanol, and insoluble in acetone.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is slightly sour.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
*Hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS)-containing polymers.


*Polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.


*Solubility:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.


*Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation:
Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.

The result is a significant reduction in the precipitation of a wide variety of mineral salts, including calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, zinc, barium and chromium.
Determining viscosity-average molecular weight (Mark-Houwink constants)



REACTIVITY RATIO OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) reacts well with a variety of vinyl monomers.
M2= 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) or † sodium salt of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS).



SOLUBILITY OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is highly soluble in water (1×106 mg/L at 25°C ).



NOTES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is hygroscopic.
Store 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) away from oxidizing agents and bases.
Keep 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) the container tightly closed and place it in a cool, dry and well ventilated condition.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
Chemical formula: C7H13NO4S
Molar mass: 207.24 g•mol−1
Appearance: White crystalline powder or granular particles
Density: 1.1 g/cm³ (15.6 °C)
Melting point: 195 °C (383 °F; 468 K)
Formula Weight: 207.25 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 207.05652907 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 207.05652907 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 91.8 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 299

Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: Powder
Color: White
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point/range: 195 °C - dec.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable. - Flammability (solids)
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable

Autoignition temperature: > 400 °C at 1013.250 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available;
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 500 g/l at 20 °C - soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: -3.7 at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: < 0.1 hPa at 25 °C
Density: 1.36 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not explosive
Other safety information:

Surface tension: 70.5 mN/m at 1 g/l at 20 °C
Dissociation constant: 2.4 at 20 °C
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
Molar Mass: 229.23
Density: 1.2055 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Boiling Point: 110 °C at 101.325 kPa
Vapor Pressure: 0 Pa at 25 °C
Specific Gravity: 1.206
Sensitive: 0; forms stable aqueous solutions
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.4220 (lit.)
CAS number: 15214-89-8
EC number: 239-268-0
Hill Formula: C₇H₁₃NO₄S
Formula Weight: 207.25 g/mol

HS Code: 2924 19 00
Density: 1.36 g/cm³ (20 °C)
Melting Point: 190 °C
Vapor pressure: Bulk density: 640 kg/m³
Solubility: >500 g/l soluble
CBNumber: CB3470952
Molecular Formula: C7H13NO4S
Molecular Weight: 207.25
MDL Number: MFCD00007522
MOL File: 15214-89-8.mol
Melting point: 195 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Density: 1.45
Vapor Pressure: Refractive Index: 1.6370 (estimate)
Flash Point: 160 °C
Storage Temp.: Store below +30°C.

Solubility: >500 g/L soluble
pKa: 1.67±0.50 (Predicted)
Form: Solution
Color: White
Water Solubility: 1500 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
BRN: 1946464
Stability: Light Sensitive
InChIKey: HNKOEEKIRDEWRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.7 at 20℃ and pH1-7
Surface Tension: 70.5 mN/m at 1 g/L and 20℃
Dissociation Constant: 2.4 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 15214-89-8 (CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA UNII: 490HQE5KI5

EPA Substance Registry System: 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]- (15214-89-8)
Molecular Weight: 207.24700
Exact Mass: 207.25
EC Number: 925-482-8
UNII: 490HQE5KI5
DSSTox ID: DTXSID5027770
HScode: 2942000000
Characteristics:
PSA: 91.85000
XLogP3: -0.4
Appearance: White powder
Density: 1.45
Melting Point: 184-186 °C
Boiling Point: 412ºC
Flash Point: 160ºC

Refractive Index: 1.502
Water Solubility: H2O: 1500 g/L (20 ºC)
Storage Conditions: 2-8ºC
Molecular Weight: 207.25
XLogP3: -0.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 207.05652907
Monoisotopic Mass: 207.05652907
Topological Polar Surface Area: 91.8
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Complexity: 299
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: White crystal powder
Non-volatile matter: ≥98.50%(m/m)
Acid Value: 268-278 mgKOH/g
Melting Point: 180-185℃
Water Content: ≤1.0%(m/m)
Iron Content: ≤0.002%(m/m)
Color (25% aqueous solution), Pt-Co: ≤100
Purity: ≥97.00%(m/m)
Melting Point: ∼195°C (decomposition)
Quantity: 50 g
UN Number: UN2585
Beilstein: 1946464
Formula Weight: 207.25
Percent Purity: 98%
Chemical Name or Material: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
hygroscopic
Heat sensitive.
Handle under inert gas.
Protect from moisture.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510):
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID (AMPS):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is an abbreviation for 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.
NAAMPS or NA 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is an abbreviation for Sodium Salt 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid.
NA 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt ’s unique numerical identifier assigned by the chemical abstracts service CAS is 5165-97-9.

CAS: 5165-97-9
MF: C7H14NNaO4S
MW: 231.24
EINECS: 225-948-4

Synonyms
2-Methyl-2-(acryloylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt;N-[1,1-Dimethyl-2-(sodiosulfo)ethyl]acrylamide;N-[2-(Sodiooxysulfonyl)-1,1-dimethylethyl]acrylamide;Sodium 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate;AcrylaMido-Tertiary Butyl Sulphonic Acid SodiuM Salt 50% solution.;SODIUM 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE, 50% in water;Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate;2-AcrylaMido-2-Methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodiuM salt solution 50 wt. % in H2O

Some of its synonymous are Sodium 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt , 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium, and Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt acts as a commoner when combined with other acrylic monomers like acrylic acid to manufacture polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt improves scrub resistance and dispersant performance of paper coatings and paint emulsions.
The molecular weight of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is 229.23.
The density of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is 1.2055 g/ ml at 25 degree celsius.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is a 50 wt. % solution in water that enables easy handling of the product.
The product is prepared by reacting 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid or 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt with caustic soda solution.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt or NA ATBS don’t easily get vaporized at its low temperature point to form an ignitable mixture in air, so the flash point property is not applicable to it.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt’s convenient storage, packaging, and logistics provide the necessary ease and flexibility in formulations to produce high-performance polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt are delivered in three different grades which include 2403, 2405, and 2407 which are derived from their expected performance characteristics and the polymerization molecular weight.

The most common industrial applications of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt are in adhesives to improve pressure-sensitive formulation strength, in water treatment to inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale formation, in personal care products for making diapers, in the textile industry as textile sizing agent and a non-woven emulsion binder, in oil fields as a friction reducer, in acrylic fiber to provide dye receptivity and in the construction site to inhibit fluid loss.
A hydrophilic compound such as 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt can also be used as a dopant.
For conducting polymers, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt acts as a protonating agent.

In order to conduct the water purification process, polyelectrolyte copolymer gels are utilized; for the formation of polyelectrolyte copolymer gels, Sodium Salt 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid is used; 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt can also have potential application in the field of bioengineering and biomedical products.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is a hydrophilic compound that can be used as a dopant and a protonating agent for conducting polymers. It is used in a variety of electronic applications.

Sodium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is a highly reactive monomer which can add anionic character to polymers.
Exhibits good hydrolytic and thermal stability.
Features polyvalent cation tolerance.
Permits easy formulation of mining flocculants which is stable in complex and harsh conditions.
Provides flexibility in formulation to make stable emulsion polymers.
Convenient in handling.
Reduces grit/coagulum formation in latex polymer.
Used in polymerization where high molecular weight polymers (greater than two million) are desired.
Complies with EINECS, METI, Australian inventory, DSL, Switzerland’s inventory, Korean inventory, Philippines's inventory and Chinese inventory.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is added in the emulsion and acrylic acid, styrene or vinyl acetate reaction, the introduction of reactive emulsifier to prevent the migration of emulsifier.
The low viscosity and remarkable stability of the emulsion can be obtained with only 2-3% of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt.
At the same time no need add ethylene glycol and other additive, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt can improve the adhesion of paint film, thermal stability and antistatic ability, improve the water resistance of latex paint and scrubbing resistance.

1. The acrylamide group in 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt will accelerate the polymerization reaction.
2. Two pendant methyl groups and sodium methanesulfonate are combined behind the amino group, Can prevent its hydrolysis and thermal degradation.
3. Sulfonated group can result the monomer show higher hydrophilicity and ionic characteristics at any pH value.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 110℃ at 101.325kPa
Density: .2055 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Refractive index: n20/D 1.4220(lit.)
Specific Gravity: 1.206
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 0: forms stable aqueous solutions
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H13NO4S.Na.H/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12;;/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12);;
InChIKey: ZXSJYPBSPMLZIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -4.34
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt (5165-97-9)

Uses
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt can be used in the formation of polyelectrolyte copolymer gels for potential application in bioengineering, biomedicine and water purification.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt can also be used in the fabrication of Schottky diodes, humidity sensors, and lithium ion batteries.
The most common industrial applications of 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt are in adhesives to improve pressure-sensitive formulation strength, in water treatment to inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale formation, in personal care products for making diapers, in the textile industry as textile sizing agent and a non-woven emulsion binder, in oil fields as a friction reducer, in acrylic fiber to provide dye receptivity and in the construction site to inhibit fluid loss.

2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt is widely used in industries, industry daily chemicals and polymer synthesis.
Such as Water treatment agents, Mining, Flocculants, Oil field chemicals, Daily necessities, Medical supplies, Cosmetics, Detergents and cleaning agents, Fabric glues and Finishing agents, Polymer emulsions, Coatings and Adhesives, Paints, Leather tanning and Printing and dyeing Polymers, Non-woven adhesives, Super absorbents, Thickeners and Sealants, etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt has a wide range of uses in water treatment and can also be used as the third monomer of synthetic fibers.
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was a Trademark name by The Lubrizol Corporation.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
In the 1970s, the earliest patents using 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.

CAS: 15214-89-8
MF: C7H13NO4S
MW: 207.25
EINECS: 239-268-0

Synonyms
1-Propanesulfonicacid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-;2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane;2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate;1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-;2-ACRYLAMIDE-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID;2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID;2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID;2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULPHONIC ACID
;15214-89-8;2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid;2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid;2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid;27119-07-9;2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid;1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-;2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate;2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid;AtBS;acryloyldimethyltaurine
;DTXSID5027770;LUBRIZOL AMPS;2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid;TBAS-Q;1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-;490HQE5KI5;DTXCID207770;tert-butylacrylamidosulfonic acid;2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid;acrylamide tert-butylsulfonic acid;acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid;2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonic acid;1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-;2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid;2-ACRYLAMIDO-2,2-DIMETHYLETHANESULFONIC ACID;1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino)-;CAS-15214-89-8;EINECS 239-268-0;2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID;UNII-490HQE5KI5;EC 239-268-0;2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS);SCHEMBL19490;2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid monomer;CHEMBL1907040;CHEBI:166476;Tox21_201781;Tox21_303523;MFCD00007522;AKOS015898709;CS-W015266;5165-97-9 (mono-hydrochloride salt);NCGC00163969-01;NCGC00163969-02;NCGC00257492-01;NCGC00259330-01;2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid;2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl;sulfonic acid;2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid;2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonicacid;2-Acryloylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid;A0926;NS00005061;2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPIONESULFONATE;E76045;Q209301;2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic;acid, 8CI;2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 99%;2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enamido)propane-1-sulfonic acid;J-200043;2-(Acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid #;2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulonic acid;82989-71-7;InChI=1/C7H13NO4S/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12

Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving use of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.
Lubrizol discontinued the production of this monomer in 2017 due to copy-cat production from China and India destroying the profitability of this product.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is an organosulfonic acid.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid has polymerizable vinyl and hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups in the molecule, and can be copolymerized with water-soluble monomers such as acrylonitrile and acrylamide, and water-insoluble monomers such as styrene and vinyl chloride.

The hydrophilic sulfonic acid group is introduced into the polymer to make the fiber, film, etc. have moisture absorption, water permeability and conductivity.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is a water-soluble sulfonic acid group with strong anion, which makes 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid salt resistance, high temperature resistance, dyeing affinity, electrical conductivity, ion exchange and good resistance to divalent cations; The amide group makes 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid have good hydrolysis stability, acid-alkali resistance and thermal stability; the active double bond makes 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid have addition polymerization performance and can produce copolymers with a variety of hydrocarbon monomers.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid Chemical Properties
Melting point: 195 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Density: 1.45
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: 1.6370 (estimate)
Fp: 160 °C
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: >500g/l soluble
pka: 1.67±0.50(Predicted)
Form: solution
Color: White
Water Solubility: 1500 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
BRN: 1946464
Stability: Light Sensitive
InChIKey: HNKOEEKIRDEWRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.7 at 20℃ and pH1-7
Surface tension: 70.5mN/m at 1g/L and 20℃
Dissociation constant: 2.4 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 15214-89-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (15214-89-8)

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is a white crystals.
The melting point is 195°C (decomposition).
Soluble in water, the solution is acidic.
Soluble in dimethylformamide, partially soluble in methanol, ethanol, insoluble in acetone. Slightly sour.

Properties
Hydrolytic and thermal stability: The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to AMPS-containing polymers.
Polarity and hydrophilicity: The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.
Solubility: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents.

Inhibition of divalent cation precipitation: Sulfonic acid in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is a very strong ionic group and ionizes completely in aqueous solutions.
In applications where the precipitation of mineral salts is undesirable, the incorporation of a polymer containing even a small quantity of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid can significantly inhibit the precipitation of divalent cations.
The result is a significant reduction in the precipitation of a wide variety of mineral salts, including calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium, zinc, barium and chromium.

Uses
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid has good complexion, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolysis stability and thermal stability.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid can be used in oil chemical, water treatment, synthetic fiber, printing and dyeing, plastics, water absorbing coatings, paper, bio-medical, magnetic materials and cosmetics industries.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is an important monomer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid's copolymers or homopolymers with different molecular weight can be widely used in textile, oil drilling, water treatment, papermaking, dying, coating, cosmetics, electronics, etc. because of its unique formular structure—containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.

Acrylic fiber: A number of enhanced performance characteristics are imparted to acrylic, modified-acrylic, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride fibers: dye receptivity, moisture absorbency, and static resistance.
Coating and adhesive: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid's sulfonic acid group gives the monomers ionic character over a wide range of pH.
Anionic charges from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid fixed on polymer particles enhance the chemical and shear stabilities of polymer emulsion and also reduce the amount of surfactants leaching out of paint film.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid improves the thermal and mechanical properties of adhesives, and increases the adhesive strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations.
Detergents: Enhances the washing performance of surfactants by binding multivalent cations and reducing dirt attachment.

Personal care: Strong polar and hydrophilic properties introduced to a high molecular weight 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid homopolymer are exploited as a very efficient lubricant characteristic for skin care.
Medical hydrogel: High water-absorbing and swelling capacity when AMPS is introduced to a hydrogel are keys to medical applications.
Hydrogel with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid showed uniform conductivity, low electrical impedance, cohesive strength, appropriate skin adhesion, and biocompatible and capable of repeated use and have been used to electrocardiograph (ECG) electrodes, defibrillation electrode, electrosurgical grounding pads, and iontophoretic drug delivery electrodes.
In addition, polymers derived from 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid are used as the absorbing hydrogel and the tackifier component of wound dressings.
Is used due to 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid's high water absorption and retention capability as a monomer in superabsorbents e. g. for baby diapers.

Oil field applications: Polymers in oil field applications have to stand hostile environments and require thermal and hydrolytic stability and the resistance to hard water containing metal ions.
For example, in drilling operations where conditions of high salinity, high temperature and high pressure are present, AMPS copolymers can inhibit fluid loss and be used in oil field environments as scale inhibitors, friction reducers and water-control polymers, and in polymer flooding applications.

Water treatment applications: The cation stability of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid-containing polymers are very useful for water treatment processes.
Such polymers with low molecular weights cannot only inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale in cooling towers and boilers, but also help corrosion control by dispersing iron oxide. When high molecular weight polymers are used, they can be used to precipitate solids in the treatment of industrial effluent stream.
Crop protection: increases in dissolved and nanoparticulate polymer formulations bioavailability of pesticides in aqueous-organic formulations.
Membranes: 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid increases water flow, retention and fouling resistance of asymmetric ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes and is being studied as an anionic component in polymer fuel cell membranes.

Construction applications: Superplasticizers with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid are used to reduce water in concrete formulations.
Benefits of these additives include improved strength, improved workability, improved durability of cement mixtures.
Redispersible polymer powder, when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is introduced, in cement mixtures control air pore content and prevent agglomeration of powders during the spray-drying process from the powder manufacturing and storage.
Coating formulations with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid-containing polymers prevent calcium ions from being formed as lime on concrete surface and improve the appearance and durability of coating.

Preparation
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid can be synthesized by one step and two steps.
The one-step method is to react the raw materials acrylonitrile, isobutylene and oleum together.
The two-step method is to sulfonate isobutylene in the presence of a reaction solvent to obtain a sulfonated intermediate, and then react with acrylonitrile in the presence of sulfuric acid.
One-step method is more economical.

Production
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water.
The recent patent literature describes batch and continuous processes that produce 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT)
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) reduces grit/coagulum formation in latex polymer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is convenient to handle.


CAS Number: 5165-97-9
EC Number: 225-948-4
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S



SYNONYMS:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt, Acrylamido-tert-butylsulfonic acid sodium salt, Acryloyldimethyltaurine sodium salt, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonate, Sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium 2-methyl-2-acryloylamino-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate, Sodium AMPS, Sodium N-acryloyl-2,2-dimethyltaurate, Sodium N-acryloyldimethyltaurate, 1-Propanesulfonicacid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, sodium salt (7CI,8CI), 1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, monosodium salt (9CI), 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt, AMPS 2403, AMPS 2405, ATBS-NA, Acryloyldimethyltaurine sodium salt, LZ 2405, Lubrizol 2401, Lubrizol2403, Lubrizol 2405, Lubrizol 2405A, Sodium2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, Sodium2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium N-acryloyldimethyltaurate, Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonate sodium salt, Sodium 2-methyl-2-[(prop-2-enoyl)amino]propane-1-sulfonate, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, sodium salt (1:1), 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, monosodium salt, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, sodium salt, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt, Acryloyldimethyltaurine sodium salt, Lubrizol 2401, Lubrizol 2403, Lubrizol 2403A, Lubrizol 2405, Lubrizol 2405A, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonate, Sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonate, Sodium AMPS, Sodium N-acryloyldimethyltaurate, Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propanesulfonate de sodium, sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propanesulphonate, Natrium-2-methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propansulfonat, 2-metil-2-[(1-oxoalil)amino]propanosulfonato de sodio, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, sodium salt, PROPYLSULFATE, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-, SODIUM, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt, EINECS 225-948-4, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, sodium salt, 2-Methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-1-propanesulfonic acid, sodium salt, UNII-2T9Q6EKI0G, 112666-19-0, 113996-54-6, 115137-50-3, 1258282-31-3, 129701-88-8, 152634-06-5, 171063-24-4, 192388-82-2, 65829-59-6, 76701-57-0, 86848-82-0, 95243-13-3, 1392119-86-6, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt, Sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propanesulphonate, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt 50% solution, Acrylamido-tert-butylsulfonic acid sodium salt, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonicacid,sodiumsalt, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonicacimonosodiumsalt, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL PROPANE SULFONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT, 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT, NaATBS, Sodium AMPS, sodium salt of ATBS, ATBS 2403, NaATBS 2403, 2405, 2407, acrylamido-tert-butylsulfonic acid sodium salt, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, sodium salt (1:1), homopolymer, 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, monosodium salt, homopolymer, 1-propanesulfonicacid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-,monosodiumsalt, 1-Propanesulfonicacid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-,monosodiumsalt,homopolymer, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt homopolymer, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt polymer, 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid, monosodium salt, homopolymer, AMPS 2405 homopolymer, Aristoflex Silk, Cosmedia HSP 1180, Cosmedia Polymer HSP 1180, Dopamine hydrochloride-sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate copolymer, Lubrizol 2420, MP 6123, POLY(2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID), SODIUM SALT, Poly(sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate), Poly(sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate), Poly(sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate), Poly(sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonate), Poly(sodium 2-acryloylamino-2-methylpropylsulfonate), Polyacrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, sodium salt, Rheocare HSP 1180, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate homopolymer, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate homopolymer, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate polymer, Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropylsulfonate homopolymer, Sodium2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate,homopolymer, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt, Sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propanesulfonate, 2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt 50 percent solution



2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is a highly reactive monomer that can add anionic character to polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) exhibits good hydrolytic and thermal stability.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) features polyvalent cation tolerance.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) permits easy formulation of mining flocculants which is stable in complex and harsh conditions.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) provides flexibility in formulation to make stable emulsion polymers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) reduces grit/coagulum formation in latex polymer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is a highly reactive, highly hydrophilic functional polymerized monomer, and also a kind of polymerizable surfactant.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is the sodium of AMPS, which is short for 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid, it is also called ATBS


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is an important monomer, widely used in textile, oil drilling, water treatment, papermaking, dyeing, coating, cosmetics, electronics, etc. because of its unique formula structure—containing sulfonic acid group and unsaturated radical, thus showing excellent properties in many aspects.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) was added to the emulsion reaction and acrylic acid.
The low viscosity and outstanding stability of the emulsion can be obtained from only 2-3 percent of the 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt).


At the same time, there is no need to add ethylene glycol and other additives.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can improve the adhesion of the paint film.
Thermal stability and anti-static ability Improve the water resistance of latex paint and abrasion resistance.


The acrylamide group in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) catalyzes the polymerization reaction.
Two pendant methyl groups and sodium methanesulfonate combined behind the amino group can prevent hydrolysis and thermal degradation.
Sulfonate groups can cause monomers to exhibit higher hydrophilicity and ionic properties at any pH value.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is widely used in industry.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used daily chemicals in industry and polymer synthesis such as water treatment solutions, mining, coagulants, chemicals in oil fields. D


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used dily necessities, medical supplies, cosmetics, detergents and cleaning agents.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used fabric glue and finishing agents Polymer emulsion Coatings and adhesives, paints, tanning and printing and dyeing polymers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used non-woven glue-special absorbent viscosity enhancers and sealants, etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has a wide range of applications in water treatment.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can also be used as the third monomer of synthetic fibers.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has been widely used in water treatment, mining, flocculants, oilfield chemicals, household items, medical supplies, cosmetics, detergents and cleaning agents, fabric glue and finishing agents, paper coating agent, polymer emulsions, paints and adhesives, paints, leather tanning and dyeing polymers, non-woven adhesives, super absorbent agent, thickener, leak-proof and sealing agent.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is also used as the third monomer of synthetic fibers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used emulsion, waterborne adhesive, and sealant emulsion, waterborne adhesive, and sealant.


Suggested end uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is Water Treatment, Personal Care & Cosmetics, Mining Flocculants Paints and Coatings, Oil Field Chemicals Photographic Film, Thickeners Paper Processing Polymers, Medical Products Non-woven Binders, Fabric Finishes Textile Printing Polymers, Textile Sizes & Finishes Caulks & Sealants, Super-absorbents Adhesives & Bonding Agents, and Personal Care & Cosmetics.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used Emulsion, waterborne adhesive and sealant emulsion, waterborne adhesive and sealant.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) contains strong anionic, water-soluble sulfur groups, shielded amide groups, and unsaturated double bonds, which make it have excellent comprehensive performance.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has good binding, adsorption, biological activity, surface activity, hydrolytic stability, and thermal stability.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can be used for copolymerization and processing reactions.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can be widely used in various fields such as water treatment, oilfield chemistry, chemical fiber, water-absorbing materials, plastics, coatings, papermaking, textiles, printing and dyeing, biomedicine, magnetic materials, and cosmetics.
Sizing of textiles: copolymer of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt), ethyl acetate, and enoic acid, is an ideal sizing of cotton and polyester blended textiles, with easy to use and easy to remove with water specialty.


Industry Applications of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt): Emulsions for paint and paper coatings, Raw material for water treatment, Adhesives, Hydrogels and super absorbents, Textile auxiliaries, Detergents and cleaners, Acrylic fiber, Construction chemicals, and Polymers to enhance oil recovery.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used as a dopant and a protonating agent for conducting polymers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used in a variety of electronic applications.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is widely used in industries, industry daily chemicals and polymer synthesis.


Such as Water treatment agents, Mining, Flocculants, Oil field chemicals, Daily necessities, Medical supplies, Cosmetics, Detergents and cleaning agents, Fabric glues and Finishing agents, Polymer emulsions, Coatings and Adhesives, Paints, Leather tanning and Printing and dyeing Polymers, Non-woven adhesives, Super absorbents, Thickeners and Sealants, etc.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has a wide range of uses in water treatment and can also be used as the third monomer of synthetic fibers.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can be widely used in the fields of oil chemistry, water-treatment, synthetic fiber, dyeing, plastic, absorbent.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used coating, paper-making, biomedicine, magnetic material and cosmetics etc.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used in polymerization where low molecular weight polymers (less than two million) are desired.


2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is widely used in emulsions, waterborne adhesives, and sealants.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used styrene or vinyl acetate reaction.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is used introduction of reactive emulsifiers to prevent migration of emulsifiers.


-Water treatment uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt):
Homopolymer of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) monomer or copolymer with monomers such as acrylamide, acrylic acid, etc.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can be used as sludge dewatering agent in the sewage purification process, used as iron, zinc, aluminum, copper in closed water circulation system And anti-corrosion agent of alloy.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can also be used as descaling agent and scale inhibitor of the heater, cooling tower, air purifier, and gas purifier.


-Oilfield chemistry uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt):
The application of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) in the field of oilfield chemistry has developed rapidly.
The scope of coverage includes oil well cement additives, drilling fluid treatment agents, acidizing fluids, fracturing fluids, completion fluids, and workover fluid additives.


-Synthetic fibers uses of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is important monomers to improve the comprehensive performance of certain synthetic fibers, especially acrylic fiber or acrylic fiber, the amount of which is 1%-4% of the fiber, which can significantly improve the whiteness and dyeability of the fiber, Antistatic, breathable and flame retardant.


-Papermaking:
The copolymer of2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) and other water-soluble monomers is an indispensable chemical for various paper mills.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can be used as a drainage aid and sizing agent.
The strength of paper can also be used as a pigment dispersant for color coatings.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
*Ph:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is strong acid PH of 0.1%(Wt) solution is 2.6.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt)'sodium salt is neutral
*Stability:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is stable under room temperature, but its solution should avoid self-polymerization.
*Polymerization:
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can homopolymerization or copolymerization.



FUNCTION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
People came to this conclusion after extensive research on gels, particles, surface charge densities.
Latex stability and other aspects that occur when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) emulsions are synthesized: Because the polymer has the characteristics of a polymer electrolyte.

Thus adsorbed on the surface of the latex particles and drags the ionization layer, which improves the stability of the latex.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can not only replace carboxylic acid monomers.
But 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can also reduce the use of other surfactants.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has good water resistance and thermal stability.
Products made from these emulsions are soft, flexible, and comfortable to the touch, and the abrasion resistance of the coatings they are made from is also greatly improved.



CHARACTERISTICS OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is added in the emulsion and acrylic acid, styrene or vinyl acetate reaction, the introduction of reactive emulsifier to prevent the migration of emulsifier.
The low viscosity and remarkable stability of the emulsion can be obtained with only 2-3% of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) .

At the same time no need add ethylene glycol and other additive, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can improve the adhesion of paint film, thermal stability and antistatic ability, improve the water resistance of latex paint and scrubbing resistance.

1. The acrylamide group in 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) will accelerate the polymerization reaction.

2. Two pendant methyl groups and sodium methanesulfonate are combined behind the amino group.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) can prevent its hydrolysis and thermal degradation.

3. Sulfonated group can result the monomer show higher hydrophilicity and ionic characteristics at any pH value.



FUNCTION OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
People draw conclusions after detailed research on the gel, particles, surface charge density, latex stability and other aspects produced when 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) synthesizes emulsion: Because 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has the characteristics of polymer electrolyte, it adsorbs on the surface of the latex particles and strokes the ionization layer, thereby increasing the stability of the latex.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) not only can replace carboxylic acid monomer but also can reduce the usage of other surfactants.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has good water resistance and thermal stability.

2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) products made from these emulsions have a smooth, flexible and comfortable touch, and the scrubbing resistance of the coatings made is also significantly improved.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) is a polymerizable surfactant with highly reactive, highly hydrophilic functional monomer.
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has a polymer electrolyte properties, adsorbed on the latex particles formed on the surface of the ionosphere, thus increasing the stability of latex.

By using 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt), it not only can replace the carboxylic acid monomer (e.g. acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc.), but also reduce other use of surfactants to make acrylic, vinyl acetate-acrylate and styrene-acrylic emulsion system of resistance divalent cations significantly increased mechanical stability, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic sodium salt (AMPS Sodium Salt) has good hydrolysis resistance and thermal stability; emulsion made from it are smooth and flexible, comfortable warmth, it has good tolerance for the scrub of coating too.



FEATURES OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
*Generally available as 50% solution in water.
*Can also offer higher grades



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
Appearance: Colorless to yellow transparent liquid
Solid content: 50±1%
Refractive Index: 1.40-1.45
pH: 8.0-10.0
Density: 1.18-1.23 g/cm3
Chroma (25% water solution), Co-pt.: ≤ 50
Viscosity (MPa.s): ≥ 10
Name: 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt
EINECS: 225-948-4
CAS No.: 5165-97-9
Density: 1.2055
PSA: 94.68000
LogP: 1.08410
Solubility: N/A
Melting Point: N/A
Formula: C7H12NNaO4S

Boiling Point: 110°C at 101.325kPa
CAS No: 5165-97-9
Molecular Formula: C7H13NO4SNa
Molecular Weight: 229.2 g/mol
EINECS No: 225-948-4
Appearance: Clear & water white to pale yellow, 50% aqueous salt solution
Density: 1.1 g/cm3 (15.6°C)
Freezing Point: -25°C
Boiling Point: 110°C
Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H13NO4S.Na/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12;/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12);/q;+1/p-1
InChI Key: FWFUWXVFYKCSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES: [Na].O=C(C=C)NC(C)(C)CS(=O)(=O)O
Form: Liquid
Functions: Comonomer
Usage/Application: Industrial

Solubility: Soluble in Water
Shelf Life: 1 year from the date of manufacturing
Molar Mass: 229 g/mol
CAS No: 5165-97-9
Molecular Formula: H2C=CHCONHC(CH3)2CH2SO3Na
Molecular Weight: 544.80698 g/mol
Compound Is Canonicalized: True
Exact Mass: 229.03847332
Monoisotopic Mass: 229.03847332
Complexity: 304
Rotatable Bond Count: 4

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Topological Polar Surface Area: 94.7
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
Density: 1.2055
InChI Key: FWFUWXVFYKCSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H13NO4S.Na/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12;/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12);/q;+1/p-1
Canonical SMILES: CC(C)(CS(=O)(=O)[O-])NC(=O)C=C.[Na+]



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
hygroscopic
Heat sensitive.
Handle under inert gas.
Protect from moisture.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC SODIUM SALT (AMPS SODIUM SALT):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl Propane Sulfonic Acid Ammonium Salt
Hexamethylene Glycol; Hexamethylenediol; HDO; 1,6-Dihydroxyhexane; omega-Hexanediol; alpha,omega-Hexanediol; cas no: 629-11-8
2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt Solution
SODIUM ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE; sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonate; sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate; 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt; SODIUM 2-ACRYLAMINO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE; cas : 5165-97-9
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulphonic Acid
Hexamethylene glycol; Hexamethylenediol; HDO; 1,6-Dihydroxyhexane; omega-Hexanediol; alpha,omega-Hexanediol CAS NO: 629-11-8
2-AMINO 2 METHYL 1-PROPANOL
Isobutanolamine; 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; Aminomethyl propanol; 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane; 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol; 2-Aminodimethylethanol; 2-Aminoisobutanol; 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1; beta-Aminoisobutanol; Hydroxy-tert-butylamine; CAS No: 124-68-5
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL
DESCRIPTION:


2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol appears as a clear light colored liquid.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is insoluble in water and about the same density as water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used to make other chemicals.




CAS NUMBER: 124-68-5

EC NUMBER: 204-709-8

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C4H11NO

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 89.14




DESCRIPTION:

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a clear light colored liquid.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is an organic compound with both amine and alcohol substituents.
Amines are chemical bases.
They neutralize acids to form salts plus water.
These acid-base reactions are exothermic.

The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is an organic compound with the formula H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is colorless liquid that is classified as an alkanolamine.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a useful buffer and a precursor to numerous other organic compounds.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol can be produced by the hydrogenation of 2-aminoisobutyric acid or its esters.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used for the preparation of buffer solutions.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a component of the drugs ambuphylline and pamabrom.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is also used in cosmetics.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is of low acute toxicity.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a precursor to oxazolines via its reaction with acyl chlorides.
Via sulfation of the alcohol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is also a precursor to 2,2-dimethylaziridine.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is also used for Isobucaine, and Radafaxine.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is the multifunctional assistant of allotment environment friendly emulsion paint, also can be used as the organic bases of other neutralization buffer purposes and medicine intermediate etc., for example the buffering of biochemical diagnosis reagent and activator.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol can improve and strengthen many coating components, and strengthens the effect and the performance of other auxiliary agent.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol can improve scrub resistance, opacifying power, viscosity stability and color developing of coating or the like.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used for the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is also used in ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the carbon monoxide absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines.
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol has been used as an component in enzyme assay for screening the alkaline phosphatase activity in sarcoma osteogenic (SaOS-2) cells.

2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is an aminoalcohol.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a substituted aliphatic alcohol and is used majorly as a pH balancer in cosmetic formulations.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol has phototoxic effect as it can interact and penetrate above the sebum layer.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is not carcinogenic.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H11NO.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a colorless, viscous liquid with a faint amine-like odor.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a member of the class of amino alcohols and is commonly used in various industrial applications.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol belongs to a class of compounds called alkanolamines, which are organic compounds that contain both amine (-NH2) and alcohol (-OH) functional groups.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used to derivatize carboxylic acids for GC analysis and to synthesize 2-oxazolines for further transformations.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used in an efficient synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones via carbonylation with CO in the presence of salen-cobalt catalysts.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of amines.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol has been used as an antimicrobial agent in surface methodology experiments with human serum.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol exhibits hydroxyl group and fatty acid properties, which are important for its antimicrobial activity.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol reacts with glycol ethers to form a hydroxyl group, which may be the reason for its disinfectant properties.
The kinetic data for 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol suggests that it undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism.
This reaction is reversible and depends on the pH value and temperature of the solution.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol has been shown to have an experimental solubility of 0.01 g/L at 25 °C, but its chemical stability is not known.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is a neutralizer, buffer and surfactant.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used in the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.




USAGE:

-Derivatives formed with carboxylic acids are used for gas chromatographic analysis.
-Synthesis of surfactants.
-Curing accelerator.
-Acidic gas absorbent.
-The additive of coating, emulsioni paint, have pigment dispersing concurrently, pH adjustment and antirust effect



USAGE AREAS:

The field of metal processing is mainly used as biological stability and pH stabilizer.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is widely used in the concentrate and post-treatment of metal processing fluid in Europe and the United States and is the main raw material for the development of biological stability formula.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used to increase and stabilize pH value, save and prolong the life of metal working fluid in field adding.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol also has the advantages of cobalt – free precipitation and low foam. Used to synthesize surfactant; Curing accelerator; Acidic gas absorbent



APPLICATIONS:

-Used to make other chemicals
-as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions
-mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions
-leather dressings
-textile specialties
-polishes
-cleaning compounds
-used in hair sprays, wave sets
-hair dyes
-Pamabrom (drug)
-absorbents for acidic gases
-Used as a pigment dispersant for water-based paints
-resin solubilizer
-corrosion inhibitor
-protecting agent for carbonyl groups and in boiler-water treatment



APPLICATIONS:

-Manufacturing of detergents and cleaning agents:

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used as an emulsifying agent and a pH adjuster in detergents.

-Corrosion inhibition:

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is utilized in water treatment processes and metalworking fluids to inhibit corrosion.

-Gas treating:

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used in gas scrubbing systems to remove acidic impurities, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.

-Cosmetics:

In some cases, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol is used in cosmetic formulations as an emollient or pH adjuster.



PROPERTIES:

-Assay: Colorless transparent liquid
-Assay: 95%
-Water: 5%
-Chroma (Pt-Co): 20 max



PROPERTIES:

-CAS number: 124-68-5
-EC index number: 603-070-00-6
-EC number: 204-709-8
-Hill Formula: C₄H₁₁NO
-Molar Mass: 89.14 g/mol



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Boiling point: 165 °C (1013 hPa) (anhydrous)
-Density: 0.95 g/cm3 (25 °C)
-Flash point: 77.8 °C
-Ignition temperature: 438 °C
-Melting Point: 30 - 31 °C
-pH value: 11.3 (10 g/l, H₂O)
-Vapor pressure: 0.45 hPa (20 °C)



SPECIFICATIONS:

-Assay (GC, area%): 93.0 - 98.0 % (a/a)
-Water (K. F.): ≤ 0.80 %
-Identity (IR): passes test



SPECIFICATIONS:

-Molecular Weight: 89.14 g/mol
-XLogP3-AA: -0.8
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
-Rotatable Bond Count: 1
-Exact Mass: 89.084063974 g/mol
-Monoisotopic Mass: 89.084063974 g/mol
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 46.2Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 6
-Complexity: 42.8
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes



CHARACTERISTICS:

-CAS Min %: 98.5
-CAS Max %: 100.0
-Melting Point: 31.0°C to 32.0°C
-Color: Colorless
-Density: 0.9300g/mL
-Boiling Point: 165.0°C
-Flash Point: 67°C
-Assay Percent Range: 99%
-Refractive Index: 1.4470 to 1.4490
-Linear Formula: (CH3)2C(NH2)CH2OH
-Specific Gravity: 0.93
-Viscosity: 102 mPa.s (30°C)
-Formula Weight: 89.14
-Percent Purity: 99%
-Physical Form: Low Melting Solid



PROPERTIES:

-assay: 95%
-bp: 165 °C (lit.)
-density: 0.934 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
-form: liquid
-impurities: ~5% Water, ≤5% 2-(Methylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanol
-InChI key: CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
-InChI: 1S/C4H11NO/c1-4(2,5)3-6/h6H,3,5H2,1-2H3
-mp: 24-28 °C (lit.)
-pKa (25 °C): 9.7
-Quality Level: 200
-refractive index: n20/D 1.4455 (lit.)
-SMILES string: CC(C)(N)CO
-useful pH range: 9.0-10.5
-vapor density: 3 (vs air)
-vapor pressure: ﹤1 mmHg ( 25 °C)



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-CAS No: 124-68-5
-Molecular Formula: C4H11NO
-Molecular weight: 89.14
-Melting point: 24-28 °C(lit.)
-density: 0.934 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
-storage temp.: Store at RT.
-solubility: H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
-form: Low Melting Solid
-PH: 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 0.1M in H2O)



SPECIFICATIONS:

-Physical State: Low-Melting Solid
-Melting Point: 24-28° C
-Boiling Point: 165° C
-Density: 0.934 g/mL at 25° C




STORAGE:

Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse.
Keep away from fire and heat sources.
Keep the container sealed.



SYNONYM:

2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
124-68-5
2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
Aminomethylpropanol
1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-
2-Aminoisobutanol
Isobutanol-2-amine
AMP Regular
2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL
Aminomethyl propanol
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol
2-Aminodimethylethanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-propan-1-ol
Hydroxy-tert-butylamine
Corrguard 75
2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol
AMP (thinner)
Amp-95
Isobutanolamine
1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1
2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine
AMP 95
beta-Aminoisobutanol
2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane
Caswell No. 037
.beta.-Aminoisobutanol
AMP 75
NSC 441
KV 5088
HSDB 5606
EINECS 204-709-8
MFCD00008051
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 005801
BRN 0505979
UNII-LU49E6626Q
2-Methyl-2-amino-1-propanol
AI3-03947
DTXSID8027032
NSC-441
LU49E6626Q
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (90% or less)
EC 204-709-8
DTXCID407032
beta-Aminoisobutyl alcohol
CAS-124-68-5
Pamabron
A-Aminoisobutyl alcohol
2,2-Dimetiletanolamina
22-Dimethylethanolamine
APR (CHRIS Code)
2,2-diethylethanolamine
AMP 90 (amine)
2-amino-2-metilpropanol
2-metil-2-aminopropanol
2,2-Dimethyl-ethanolamine
Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol
2-amino 2-methyl propanol
2-amino-2-methyl propanol
Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine
2-Amino-2-methyl-propanol
Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
2-amino-2,2-dimetiletanol
H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH
NCIOpen2_009031
2-amino-2-methyl-1propanol
2-amino-2-methylpropan-1ol
2amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
Oprea1_147215
2-hidroximetil-2-propilamina
2-amino-2-methylpropan-l-ol
2-amino-2-metil-1-propanol
2-metil-2-amino-1-propanol
2-Amino-2 2-dimethylethanol
2- amino- 2- methylpropanol
2-amino-2-methyl 1-propanol
2-amino-2-methyl-1 propanol
2-methyl-2-aminopropan-1-ol
1-Propanol-2-amino-2-methyl
AMP, Technical Grade, 95%
2-amino-2,2,dimethyl-ethanol
AMP 90
CHEMBL122588
NSC441
1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl
2-amino-2 -methyl-1-propanol
2-amino-2- methylpropan-1-ol
2-amino-2-methyl-1 -propanol
AMINOMETHYLPROPANOL [II]
1,1-Dimetil-2-hidroxietilamina
2-Hidroxi-1,1-dimetiletilamina
1-propanol, 2-amino-2-metil-
11-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine
2-Amino-2-methyl-propane-1-ol
AMP 100
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol (AMP)
2-Hydroxy-1 1-dimethylethylamine
2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethylamine
1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine
2-amino-1-hidroxi-2-metilpropano
3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine
1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-aminopropane
AMINOMETHYL PROPANOL [INCI]
AMY25550
STR01693
AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL, 2-
Tox21_201780
Tox21_303149
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol (~95%)
BBL023024
STL284638
1-PROPANOL,2-AMINO,2-METHYL
AKOS000119511
PROPANOL, 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-
WLN: ZX1 & 1 & 1Q
CS-W013743
HY-W013027
SB83772
2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL [HSDB]
NCGC00249118-01
NCGC00257048-01
NCGC00259329-01
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 93-97%
PROPAN-1-OL, 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL [MI]
LS-121675
A0333
FT-0611018
FT-0661937
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL [VANDF]
EN300-19785
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL [WHO-DD]
P20005
Q32703
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, BioXtra, >=95%
A805277
Q-200228
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, Technical Grade, 95%
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, purum, >=97.0% (GC)
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, technical, >=90% (GC)



IUPAC NAME:

1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl
2-aminio-2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol
2-Amino-2-methyl-1propanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol
2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol
2-amino-2-methylpropanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol
2-amino-2-methylpropanol
2-amino-2mthylpropanol
2-AMINOISOBUTANOL
Amino Methyl Propanol
Aminomethyl propanol
AMP
Isobutanolamin
Isobutanolamine







2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL (AMP)
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been used as an component in enzyme assay for screening the alkaline phosphatase activity in sarcoma osteogenic (SaOS-2) cells.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₁₁NO.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a colorless liquid with a mild ammonia-like odor and is known for its use in various industrial and chemical applications.

CAS Number: 124-68-5
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO
Molecular Weight: 89.14
EINECS Number: 204-709-8

Synonyms: 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 124-68-5, 2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol, Aminomethylpropanol, 1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-, 2-Aminoisobutanol, Isobutanol-2-amine, AMP Regular, 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL, Aminomethyl propanol, 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol, 2-Aminodimethylethanol, 2-Amino-2-methyl-propan-1-ol, Hydroxy-tert-butylamine, Corrguard 75, 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol, AMP (thinner), Amp-95, Isobutanolamine, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1, 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine, AMP 95, 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane, .beta.-Aminoisobutanol, AMP 75, NSC 441, beta-Aminoisobutyl alcohol, KV 5088, MFCD00008051, DTXSID8027032, NSC-441, LU49E6626Q, 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol (~95%), beta-Aminoisobutanol, DTXCID407032, Caswell No. 037, CAS-124-68-5, HSDB 5606, EINECS 204-709-8, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 005801, BRN 0505979, UNII-LU49E6626Q, 2-Methyl-2-amino-1-propanol, AI3-03947, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 95%, A-Aminoisobutyl alcohol, 2,2-Dimethyl-ethanolamine, Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol, 2-amino 2-methyl propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) (90% or less), EC 204-709-8, Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine, 2-Amino-2-methyl-propanol, Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH, NCIOpen2_009031, 2-amino-2-methyl-1propanol, 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1ol, 2amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, Oprea1_147215, 2-amino-2-methylpropan-l-ol, 2-amino-2-methyl 1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1 propanol, 2-methyl-2-aminopropan-1-ol, 1-Propanol-2-amino-2-methyl, 2-amino-2,2,dimethyl-ethanol, CHEMBL122588, NSC441, 2-amino-2 -methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-2- methylpropan-1-ol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1 -propanol, AMINOMETHYLPROPANOL [II], 2-Amino-2-methyl-propane-1-ol, 2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethylamine, 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine, 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-propylamine, 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-aminopropane, propane, 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-, AMY25550, STR01693, Tox21_201780, Tox21_303149, BBL023024, STL284638, 1-PROPANOL,2-AMINO,2-METHYL, AKOS000119511, WLN: ZX1 & 1 & 1Q, CS-W013743, HY-W013027, SB83772, propane, 2-amino-1-hydroxy-2-methyl-, 2-AMINO-2-METHYLPROPANOL [HSDB], NCGC00249118-01, NCGC00257048-01, NCGC00259329-01, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 93-97%, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) [MI], DB-041780, A0333, FT-0611018, FT-0661937, NS00008488, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) [VANDF], EN300-19785, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) [WHO-DD], P20005, Q32703, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), BioXtra, >=95%, A805277, Q-200228, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), purum, >=97.0% (GC), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), technical, >=90% (GC), F2190-0372, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), BioUltra, >=99.0% (GC), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), SAJ first grade, >=98.0%, InChI=1/C4H11NO/c1-4(2,5)3-6/h6H,3,5H2,1-2H, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), ~5% Water, technical grade, 90%, 2-Amino-2-methyl-propan-1-ol; Karl Fischer; Aqualine Electrolyte AD-G

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases.
They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a substituted aliphatic alcohol and is used majorly as a pH balancer in cosmetic formulations.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has phototoxic effect as it can interact and penetrate above the sebum layer.
However, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is not carcinogenic.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an organic compound with the formula H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is colorless liquid that is classified as an alkanolamine.
It is a useful buffer and a precursor to numerous other organic compounds.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is typically sold as a solution of the material in water, for which different concentrations are available.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be produced by the hydrogenation of 2-aminoisobutyric acid or its esters.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is soluble in water and about the same density as water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a clear, colorless, polar organic solvent commonly used in chemistry and molecular biology laboratories.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) will dissolve a wide range of chemicals, and evaporates quickly.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is designated as molecular biology grade and is suitable for the precipitation of nucleic acids.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an organic compound with the formula H2NC(CH3)2CH2OH.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is colorless liquid that is classified as an alkanolamine.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a useful buffer and a precursor to numerous other organic compounds.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be produced by the hydrogenation of 2-aminoisobutyric acid or its esters.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is soluble in water and about the same density as water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the preparation of buffer solutions.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a component of the drugs ambuphylline and pamabrom.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also used in cosmetics.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a precursor to oxazolines via its reaction with acyl chlorides.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also a precursor to 2,2-dimethylaziridine.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) appears as a clear light colored liquid. Insoluble in water and about the same density as water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used to make other chemicals.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been elucidated and its structural and electronic properties investigated by density functional theory calculations and natural bond orbital analyses.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is of low acute toxicity.
The undiluted substance causes corrosion of the eyes and severe skin irritation.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is not sensitizing.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can cause damage and haemorrhage in the gastrointestinal mucosa.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is less toxic than the free base.
The buffer 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been shown to be very well suited for the determination of the activity of enzymes like alkaline phosphatase, lactate and malate dehydrogenase.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s useful pH range (pKa 9.69 [25°C]) meets the requirements for the enzyme reactions (alkaline phosphatase pH 10.4; lactate dehydrogenase pH 9.9; malate dehydrogenase pH 10.4; according to ref. 1).
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) serves as a phosphate acceptor for alkaline phosphatase.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) requires higher buffer concentrations - concentrations of 1 M will not inhibit the enzyme - to prevent changes in pH by CO₂ from the air.

Especially small reaction volumes are sensitive for such influences.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can also be used for the determination of the activity of human chymase in a composite buffer system.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has a low melting point (18 - 26°C) and has to be liquified at approx. 35°C to prepare a buffer solution.

The liquified 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has a high viscosity, which makes its handling more difficult.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of amines.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been used as an antimicrobial agent in surface methodology experiments with human serum.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) exhibits hydroxyl group and fatty acid properties, which are important for its antimicrobial activity.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) reacts with glycol ethers to form a hydroxyl group, which may be the reason for its disinfectant properties.
The kinetic data for 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) suggests that it undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism.

This reaction is reversible and depends on the pH value and temperature of the solution.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been shown to have an experimental solubility of 0.01 g/L at 25 °C, but its chemical stability is not known.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an organic compound with both amine and alcohol substituents.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s are chemical bases.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s neutralize acids to form salts plus water.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a synthetic ingredient that functions as a buffer to adjust the pH of cosmetics and personal care products.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of creams and lotions, hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes and colors, eye and facial products, and other hair and skin care products.

The main function of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in these products is to establish and hold the pH.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been used as an component in enzyme assay for screening the alkaline phosphatase activity.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a substituted aliphatic alcohol and is used majorly as a pH balancer in cosmetic formulations.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has phototoxic effect as it can interact and penetrate above the sebum layer.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is commonly used as a pH neutralizer, dispersant, surfactant and compatibilizer in architectural paints, caulks and sealants as well as artist products.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is widely used as the Carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbent in process industries.

Recent technology has shown that a mixture of MEA with other amines can enhance its capability as CO2 absorbent.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) into aqueous phase containing MEA was reported in this study.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is widely used as the standard method of preservation for Natural Rubber (NR) latex.

Because 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is volatile its concentration in latex is difficult to control.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for pigment dispersion in water-based coatings such as house paints.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a clear, colorless liquid that neutralizes acids to form salts and water.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an alkanolamine.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) acts as a co-dispersant for particulate systems 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) Component of powerful anionic emulsifier systems acts as a formaldehyde scavenger AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol).
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) enables formulation of metalworking fluids metalworking fluids with extended fluid longevity.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) useful raw material for synthesis applications.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a very efficient dispersant for pigments, and neutralizer for anionic emulsification systems.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) contributes pH stability, low odor, and anticorrosive properties; furthermore, AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol) promotes acceptance of colorants.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an effective emulsifier for polyethylene and wax by either the normal emulsification techniques or those requiring pressure.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a very efficient amino alcohol for neutralizing acid-functional resins to make them suitable for use in water-borne coatings and other aqueous applications.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) exhibits higher gloss and greater water resistance than do formulations based on other neutralizing amines.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the dispersion of TiO2 and also to control the water retention and mottling.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) also functions in dilute aqueous solutions containing small amounts of formaldehyde to scavenge that which otherwise might be released to the atmosphere.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) improves the longevity of use-diluted fluids, does not leach cobalt, and enhances the performance of certain approved biocides.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also an important additive for the personal care and cosmetics industries.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is compatible with virtually all fixative resins.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) high base strength and low molecular weight allow formulators to use significantly less AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol) for resin neutralization.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a combustible liquid with a relatively high flash point and a low vapor pressure at ordinary temperatures.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) should not be exposed unnecessarily to the atmosphere, since it can pick up moisture and carbon dioxide due to its amine functionality.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has equal characteristics of AMP-95, but containing 10% added water.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is ideal for low temperature environments.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) amino alcohol is a colorless, mobile liquid that 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has a variety of uses in the metalworking fluids, paint and coatings, boiler water systems and personal care applications.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be used as an amine for resin neutralization, as a co-dispersant, formaldehyde scavenger, corrosion inhibitor and raw material for synthesis.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is widely recognized as a multifunctional additive for all types of latex emulsion paints.
In a formulation, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be used as a powerful co-dispersant to prevent reagglomeration of pigments.
At the same time, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) will contribute significant benefits to the overall performance of the coating.

The benefits and performance improvements made possible by 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in different stages of paint manufacture are.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) reduces dispersant dem 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) optimizes pigment dispersion.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) reduces foam (through dispersant reduction) AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol) provides effective pH control.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) lowers raw material costs. AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol) improves thickener performance.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) eliminates need for ammonia, resulting in a lower odor paint.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) improves color acceptance of shading pastes.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) improves scrub and water resistance.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) reduces in-can corrosion and flash rusting.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) effective in low odor systems.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is well-above the non-toxic level.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the preparation of buffer solution and in cosmetics.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also used in ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the carbon monoxide absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), or aminomethyl propanol is a colorless, viscous liquid that functions as a pH adjuster.
It is also used as an intermediate in drug synthetic schemes.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is commonly used as a buffering agent in various formulations, including personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications, due to its ability to maintain a stable pH.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the production of surfactants and emulsifiers, which are key components in detergents, cleaning agents, and personal care products.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of water-based coatings and paints to improve dispersion and stability.

Melting point: 24-28 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 165 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.934 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.4455(lit.)
Flash point: 153 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Low Melting Solid
Specific Gravity: 0.934
color: Colorless
PH: 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 0.1M in H2O)
pka: 9.7(at 25℃)
PH Range: 9.0 - 10.5
Odor: at 100.00?%. mild ammonia
Water Solubility: miscible
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.01
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck: 14,449
BRN: 505979
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. May present an explosion hazard if heated.
InChIKey: CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.63 at 20℃

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) flask with mechanical stirring, first add 200ml of water, add a few drops of dilute sulfuric acid to make it slightly acidic (pH=3.5-4), then heat to 40-50, and start adding 99.0 at the same time.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and 400ml dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution, keep the temperature and slightly acidic condition, drop 2,2-dimethylaziridine, then continue to react at this temperature 1h, then under reduced pressure distillation to remove 80% of the water, add 500ml ethanol to the obtained system, neutralize with 30% sodium hydroxide to pH=9.5-10, filter and remove the salt, the obtained filtrate is distilled out of ethanol under normal pressure , And then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain crude 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP).

This crude product is then rectified to obtain 112.9g 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) refined product with a yield of about 91.0%, chromatographic purity is about 99.4%.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a synthetic ingredient that functions as a buffer to adjust the pH of cosmetics and personal care products.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can also be classified as an alkanolamine, which means that its structure contains both hydroxyl (-OH) and amino (-NH2) functional groups on an alkane backbone.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be synthetically produced by the hydrogenation of 2-aminoisobutyric acid.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is soluble in water and is about the same density as water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of creams and lotions, hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes and colors, eye and facial products, and other hair and skin care products.

The main function of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in these products is to establish and hold the pH. In chemistry, pH stands for ‘potential hydrogen.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) refers to the level of acidity or alkalinity in a given solution.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a colorless, mobile liquid that has a variety of uses in the metalworking fluids, paint and coatings, boiler water systems and personal care applications.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be used as an amine for resin neutralization, as a co-dispersant, formaldehyde scavenger, corrosion inhibitor and raw material for synthesis.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is considered safe as currently used in amounts of 2% or less in cosmetic formulas.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can penetrate skin’s uppermost layers, but does not go further, meaning AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol) does not get into the body.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is believed to aid the penetration of other skin care ingredients which in some circumstances (such as exfoliating acids) can make them more effective.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a clear, colorless liquid that neutralizes acids to form salts and water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an alkanolamine. Apart from the ingredients actual side effects.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) could also form nitrosamines in products.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) improves the longevity of use-diluted fluids, does not leach cobalt, and enhances the performance of certain approved biocides.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also an important additive for the personal care and cosmetics industries.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is compatible with virtually all fixative resins.
To take full advantage of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) as a co-dispersant, up to 30% of the existing dispersant solids can be replaced by an equal weight of AMP-90 (2 Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol).
This generally amounts to 0.05 to 0.1 percent of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) on the total weight of the formulation.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a synthetic ingredient used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be found in concentrations above 12%.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an effective emulsifier by either normal emulsification techniques or those requiring pressure.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a very efficient amine for neutralizing the carboxylic acid moieties in acid-functional resins to make them suitable for use in water-borne coatings and other aqueous applications.
Such coatings formulations exhibit higher gloss and greater water resistance than do formulations based on other neutralizing amines.Boiler-water systems:
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) does not contribute to ammonia release as do some other amines.Personal care.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is compatible with virtually all fixative resins.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s high base strength and low molecular weight allow formulators to use significantly less AMP for resin neutralization.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can also be used to neutralize Carbomer resins, in emulsification together with stearic acid, and to make amides and other derivatives used as cosmetic ingredients.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is defined in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook as a substituted aliphatic alcohol.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can also be classified as an alkanolamine, which means that its structure contains both hydroxyl (-OH) and amino (-NH2) functional groups on an alkane backbone.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be synthetically produced by the hydrogenation of 2-aminoisobutyric acid or AMP-90 (2-Amino-2 Methyl-1-Propanol) esters.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is soluble in water and is about the same density as water.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of creams and lotions, hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes and colors, eye and facial products, and other hair and skin care products.
The main function of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in these products is to establish and hold the pH.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) refers to the level of acidity or alkalinity in a given solution.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the preparation of buffer solution and in cosmetics.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also used in ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the carbon monoxide absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an aminoalcohol.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s neutralize acids to form salts plus water. ,

These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)s may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) should be handled with care, as it can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when handling this compound.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is important to follow safety guidelines and regulations when working with AMP in industrial or laboratory settings.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in formulations that require pH stability, such as personal care products (shampoos, lotions, creams), pharmaceuticals, and industrial cleaning agents.
Its buffering capacity helps maintain the desired pH over a wide range of conditions.
As a surfactant, AMP reduces the surface tension between two liquids or a liquid and a solid, aiding in the mixing and stabilization of formulations.

This property is valuable in cleaning agents, cosmetics, and paints where uniform distribution and stability are crucial.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the synthesis of various chemical compounds, including:
As a building block for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipients.

In the production of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
As a reactant in the production of specialty polymers and resins.
In water-based paints and coatings, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) helps improve the dispersion of pigments and fillers, enhancing the stability and appearance of the final product.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) also aids in improving the drying time and durability of coatings.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is considered to have low acute toxicity, but it can cause irritation upon contact with skin, eyes, or if inhaled.
Long-term exposure should be avoided.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is biodegradable, which makes it a more environmentally friendly option compared to some other industrial chemicals.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety goggles, and lab coats.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) ensure proper ventilation in the work area.

In case of spills, contain and clean up immediately using appropriate absorbent materials.
Follow all relevant safety data sheet (SDS) guidelines for storage and disposal.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is registered under the European Union's REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals) regulation, ensuring its safety and compliance for use in Europe.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is listed on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory, indicating its approved use in the United States.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also listed on various international chemical inventories, including Canada (DSL), Australia (AICS), and Japan (ENCS).
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in shampoos, conditioners, lotions, and creams to provide buffering and stabilizing properties.

Formulated into cleaning agents for metal surfaces, equipment, and general industrial cleaning applications.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants for improved stability and performance.
Utilized in textile processing to enhance dye uptake and fabric softening.

Uses:
Because 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has the advantages of excellent absorption and desorption capacity, high loading capacity, and low replenishment cost.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is one of the promising amines considered for usage in the industrial scale post-combustion CO2 capture technology.
At present, there are a large number of studies on the performance of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) for CO2 adsorption.

Using 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) as the core adsorbent and silica as the shell, the AMP microcapsules prepared are expected to replace conventional adsorbents to achieve carbon dioxide capture in cold environments.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the preparation of buffer solutions, suitable for the determination of alkaline phosphatase.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also used in ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the carbon monoxide absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) has been used as an component in enzyme assay for screening the alkaline phosphatase activity in sarcoma osteogenic (SaOS-2) cells.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for the preparation of buffer solutions.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a component of the drugs ambuphylline and pamabrom.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is also used in cosmetics.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is a precursor to oxazolines via its reaction with acyl chlorides.
Via sulfation of the alcohol, the compound is also a precursor to 2,2-dimethylaziridine.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used as an intermediate the synthesis of fepradinol, isobucaine, and radafaxine.
Used to make other chemicals (surface-active agents, vulcanization accelerators, and pharmaceuticals) and as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, leather dressings, textile specialties, polishes, cleaning compounds, and so-called soluble oils.
Also used in hair sprays, wave sets, hair dyes, Pamabrom (drug), and absorbents for acidic gases

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used as a pigment dispersant for water-based paints, resin solubilizer, corrosion inhibitor, protecting agent for carbonyl groups and in
boiler-water treatment
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used as a surfactant and emulsifier to improve the mixing and stability of formulations.
Enhances the cleaning efficiency by reducing surface tension.

Improves the texture and stability of creams, lotions, and other cosmetic products.
Enhances pigment dispersion and stability in water-based paints and coatings.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is an important intermediate in the synthesis of various chemical products.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipients.
Intermediate in the production of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the manufacture of specialty polymers and resins.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in water-based coatings and paints to improve their performance.
Helps in the uniform distribution of pigments and fillers.
Enhances the stability and appearance of the final product.

Improves the drying time and durability of coatings.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants for better performance.
Provides stability to adhesive formulations.

Enhances the bonding strength and durability of adhesives and sealants.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is utilized in textile processing for various applications.
Improves dye uptake and color fastness in fabrics.

Acts as a softening agent to improve the texture of fabrics.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in metalworking fluids to enhance their performance.
Helps in preventing corrosion of metal surfaces.

Improves the lubrication properties of metalworking fluids.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in water treatment processes.
Helps in maintaining the desired pH in water treatment systems.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used to control corrosion in water treatment equipment and pipes.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)is studied for its potential applications in green chemistry and sustainable product formulations.
Its biodegradable nature makes it suitable for environmentally friendly applications.

Ongoing research explores new uses and improved formulations incorporating 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP).
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is considered to have low acute toxicity but can cause irritation upon contact.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is biodegradable, making it an environmentally friendly option.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is compliant with various international regulations, ensuring its safe use in multiple applications.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the production of polyurethanes, which are polymers made by reacting diisocyanates with polyols.
Used in mattresses, furniture cushions, and automotive seating.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) insulation panels, refrigerators, and freezers.
Shoe soles, wheels, and industrial rollers.
Protective coatings, sealants, and adhesives.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in gas treating processes to remove acidic gases from gas streams.
Removes carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from natural gas.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the treatment of flue gases to remove sulfur compounds.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of photographic chemicals.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) acts as a buffering agent in developing solutions to maintain the pH.
Used in fixing solutions to stabilize the developed image.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the production and maintenance of electronic components.
Used in cleaning and etching solutions for PCBs.
Employed in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in various applications within the oil and gas industry.
Acts as a stabilizer and pH adjuster in drilling fluids.
Used to protect pipelines and equipment from corrosion.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be used in the food industry for specific applications, though its use is more limited compared to other chemicals.
Used in cleaning and sanitizing solutions for food processing equipment.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in construction materials and products.

Improves the properties of concrete, such as workability and setting time.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in formulations to enhance durability and performance.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the paper and pulp industry for various applications.

Maintains the desired pH in paper processing solutions.
Helps in the dispersion of fillers and pigments in paper coatings.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the formulation of agricultural chemicals.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
Acts as a stabilizer in certain fertilizer formulations.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is employed in mining processes.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the flotation process to separate valuable minerals from ore.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) can be used as a plasticizer in the production of plastics.
Improves the flexibility and durability of plastic products.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used in the production of inks and dyes.
Helps in stabilizing ink formulations.
Maintains the desired pH in dyeing solutions.

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) should be stored in a cool, dry place away from incompatible substances.
Containers should be tightly closed and properly labeled.
In case of a spill, isolate the area and clean up using appropriate absorbent materials.

Health Hazard:
Causes severe irritation.
Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation, and edema of laryns and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, and pulmonary edema.
Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting.

Safety Profile:
On March 21, 2014, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a direct final rule with a parallel proposal identifying 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) (also known as AMP) as a chemical compound that it will no longer be regulated as a volatile organic compound (VOC) under the Clean Air Act.
This will remove 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) from regulatory requirements related to controlling VOC emissions in order to meet the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for ozone.

EPA will add 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) to the list of negligibly reactive compounds in EPA’s regulatory definition of VOC.
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is used for pigment dispersion in water-based coatings such as house paints.
Excluding this compound from the regulatory definition of VOC, facilitates access to 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) for manufacturers of water-based coatings in order to meet VOCs limits without impairing the performance of their products or using other more toxic chemicals.

2-AMINOACETIC ACID
2-Aminoacetic acid, also known as glycine, is the simplest amino acid and is considered a building block for proteins.
2-aminoacetic acid a white, odorless, crystalline powder having a sweetish taste.
Its solution is acid to litmus.
2-aminoacetic acid has a chemical formula of C2H5NO2 and is considered a non-essential amino acid because the human body can synthesize it on its own.

CAS Number: 56-40-6
Molecular Formula: C2H5NO2
Molecular Weight: 75.07
EINECS Number: 200-272-2

2-aminoacetic acid is an important compound that plays a significant role in various biological processes.
2-aminoacetic acid, also known as lactic acid, is an organic acid that is produced during anaerobic respiration.
2-aminoacetic acid is also produced in muscles during intense exercise, leading to the feeling of muscle fatigue.

2-aminoacetic acid is very slightly soluble in alcohol and in ether.
2-aminoacetic acid may be prepared from chloroacetic acid and ammonia; from protein sources, such as gelatin and silk fibroin; from ammonium bicarbonate and sodium cyanide; by catalytic cleavage of serine; from hydrobromic acid and methyleneaminoacetonitrile.

2-Aminoacetic acid is also known as glycine.
2-Aminoacetic acid is the simplest amino acid and is an important building block of proteins in living organisms.

2-aminoacetic acid plays various roles in the body, including serving as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and being involved in the synthesis of other important molecules.
2-aminoacetic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO2CCH2NH2.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an amino acid and is found often in small quantites in proteins.

2-Aminoacetic acid can be found in myoglobin and hemoglobin.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an amino acid.
2-Aminoacetic acid's not essential to make proteins and its 3 letter abbreviation is Gly.

2-Aminoacetic acid's structure consists of a H, COOH, and NH2 bound to CH.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO2CCH2NH2.
2-Aminoacetic acid is the simplest of the twenty amino acids.

2-Aminoacetic acid is importanct in the synthesis of proteins, peptides, purines, etc.
2-Aminoacetic acids three letter code is gly, its one letter code is G.
2-Aminoacetic acid is not essential to the human diet, since 2-Aminoacetic acid is synthesized in the body.

2-Aminoacetic acid is one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins.
2-Aminoacetic acid’s an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, brainstem, and retina.

Glycine is one of the proteinogenic amino acids.
2-aminoacetic acid is encoded by all the codons starting with GG (GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG).
2-aminoacetic acid is integral to the formation of alpha-helices in secondary protein structure due to its compact form.

For the same reason, it is the most abundant amino acid in collagen triple-helices.
2-aminoacetic acid is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter – interference with its release within the spinal cord (such as during a Clostridium tetani infection) can cause spastic paralysis due to uninhibited muscle contraction.

It is the only achiral proteinogenic amino acid.
2-aminoacetic acid can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom.
2-Aminoacetic acid is soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol and ether.

2-Aminoacetic acid is capable of acting together with hydrochloric acid to form hydrochloride salt.
2-Aminoacetic acid is presented in the muscles of animals.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an amino acid used as a texturizer in cosmetic formulations.

2-Aminoacetic acid makes up approximately 30 percent of the collagen molecule.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a nonessential amino acid that functions as a nutrient and dietary supplement.
2-Aminoacetic acid has a solubility of 1 g in 4 ml of water and is abundant in collagen.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used to mask the bitter aftertaste of sac- charin, for example, in artificially sweetened soft drinks.
2-Aminoacetic acid retards rancidity in fat.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an organic compound most commonly found in animal proteins.

2-Aminoacetic acids chemical formula is HO2CCH2NH2 and its molar mass is 75.07.
In addition, 2-Aminoacetic acid is usually found in the industrial material called chloroacetic acid.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an organic compound most commonly found in animal proteins.

2-Aminoacetic acid, C2H5NO2, is an amino acid that appears in sugar cane.
2-Aminoacetic acid is sweet-tasting, and gotten from the alkaline hydrolysis of gelatin.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a sweetener and medicine.

2-Aminoacetic acid is an organic compound that can be obtained via hydrolysis of proteins.
2-Aminoacetic acid is known to be a sweet tasting amino acid that can be synthesized by the human body.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a nonessential and the simplest kind of amino acid.

2-Aminoacetic acid is found in protein and has a sweet taste.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used to reduce the bitter aftertaste of saccharin.
2-Aminoacetic acid an organic compound that is usually found in animal proteins as one of the twenty amino acids.

2-Aminoacetic acid is also used as a treatment of chloroacetic acid with ammonia.
In addition, 2-Aminoacetic acid is the only amino acid that is not optically active.
Most proteins contain only small quantities of 2-Aminoacetic acid.

2-Aminoacetic acid is the organic compound with the formula HO2CCH2NH2.
2-Aminoacetic acid is one of the 20 amino acids commonly found in animal proteins.
2-Aminoacetic acids three letter code is gly, and its one letter code is G.

2-Aminoacetic acid is of the simplest structure in the 20 members of amino acid series, also known as amino acetate.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a non-essential amino acid for the human body and contains both acidic and basic functional group inside its molecule.
2-Aminoacetic acid, as an important fine chemical intermediates, are widely used in pesticide,medicine, food, feed and other fields, especially since the advent of global herbicide glyphosate, the application of 2-Aminoacetic acid in pesticide industry has been greatly enhanced.

2-Aminoacetic acid is the production of raw materials of glyphosate herbicide and plant growth regulator increases the important intermediate of gansu phosphine.
With phosphorus trichloride,formaldehyde reaction of hydrolysis product reacts with 2-Aminoacetic acid, but making new pesticide glyphosate herbicide.
Thickening of gansu phosphine: 2-Aminoacetic acid and formaldehyde, phosphorus trichloride reaction products under 110 for increasing phosphorus, phosphorus increase gump is a highly efficient foliar application of plant growth regulator, widely used in all kinds of crops, also can be used as defoliant before harvest.

2-Aminoacetic acid in potash and phosphate fertilizer to promote plant absorption of potassium and phosphorus.
2-Aminoacetic acid in feed additive, not only is the main nutritional supplements in the livestock and poultry feed ingredients, feed can also prevent the oxidation, extending freshness, feed cattle and sheep feed abroad that 2-Aminoacetic acid, domestic breeding industry has not been widely used, application of 2-Aminoacetic acid in this field to be further development.

2-Aminoacetic acid is the simplest stable amino acid (carbamic acid is unstable), with the chemical formula NH2‐CH2‐COOH.
2-Aminoacetic acid is one of the proteinogenic amino acids.
2-Aminoacetic acid is encoded by all the codons starting with GG (GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG).

2-Aminoacetic acid is integral to the formation of alpha-helices in secondary protein structure due to its compact form.
For the same reason, it is the most abundant 2-Aminoacetic acid in collagen triple-helices.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter interference with its release within the spinal cord (such as during a Clostridium tetani infection) can cause spastic paralysis due to uninhibited muscle contraction.

2-Aminoacetic acid is a colorless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid.
2-Aminoacetic acid is the only achiral proteinogenic amino acid.
2-Aminoacetic acid can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom.

2-Aminoacetic acid is of the simplest structure in the 20 members of amino acid series, also known as amino acetate.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a non-essential amino acid for the human body and contains both acidic and basic functional group inside its molecule.
2-Aminoacetic acid exhibits as a strong electrolyte an aqueous solution, and has a large solubility in strong polar solvents but almost insoluble in non-polar solvents.

2-Aminoacetic acid also has a relative high melting point and boiling point.
The adjustment of the pH of the aqueous solution can make glycine exhibit different molecular forms.
The side chain of 2-Aminoacetic acid contains only a hydrogen atom.

Owing to another hydrogen atom connecting to the α-carbon atom, the 2-Aminoacetic acid is not optical isomer.
Since the side bond of 2-Aminoacetic acid is very small, it can occupy space which can’t be occupied by other amino acids, such as those amino acids located within the collagen helix.
At room temperature, it exhibits as white crystal or light yellow crystalline powder and has a unique sweet taste which can ease the taste of acid and alkaline taste, masking the bitter taste of saccharin in food and enhance the sweetness.

However, if an excessive amount of 2-Aminoacetic acid is absorbed by body, they not only can’t be totally absorbed by the body, but will also break the balance of the body's absorption of amino acids as well as affect the absorption of other kinds of amino acids, leading to nutrient imbalances and negatively affected health.
The milk drink with glycine being the major raw material can easily does harm to the normal growth and development of young people and children.
2-Aminoacetic acid has a density of 1.1607, melting point of 232~236 °C (decomposition).

2-Aminoacetic acid is soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol and ether.
2-Aminoacetic acid is capable of acting together with hydrochloric acid to form hydrochloride salt.
2-Aminoacetic acid is presented in the muscles of animals.

2-Aminoacetic acid can be produced from the reaction between monochloro acetate and ammonium hydroxide as well as from the hydrolysis of gelation with further refining.
2-Aminoacetic acids acid–base properties are most important.
In aqueous solution, 2-Aminoacetic acid is amphoteric: below pH = 2.4, it converts to the ammonium cation called glycinium.

2-Aminoacetic acid functions as a bidentate ligand for many metal ions, forming amino acid complexesss.
A typical complex is Cu(glycinate)2, i.e. Cu(H2NCH2CO2)2, which exists both in cis and trans isomers.
With acid chlorides, 2-Aminoacetic acid converts to the amidocarboxylic acid, such as hippuric acid and acetyl2-Aminoacetic acid.

2-Aminoacetic acid forms esters with alcohols.
They are often isolated as their hydrochloride, e.g., 2-Aminoacetic acid methyl ester hydrochloride.
Otherwise the free ester tends to convert to diketopiperazine.

As a bifunctional molecule, 2-Aminoacetic acid reacts with many reagents.
These can be classified into N-centered and carboxylate-center reactions.
The principal function of 2-Aminoacetic acid is it act as a precursor to proteins.

Most proteins incorporate only small quantities of 2-Aminoacetic acid, a notable exception being collagen, which contains about 35% 2-Aminoacetic acid due to its periodically repeated role in the formation of collagen's helix structure in conjunction with hydroxyproline.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of chemical products.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used in the manufacture of the herbicides glyphosate, iprodione, glyphosine, imiprothrin, and eglinazine.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as an intermediate of the medicine such as thiamphenicol.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and works as an allosteric regulator of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors.

2-Aminoacetic acid is involved in processing of motor and sensory data, thereby regulating movement, vision and audition.
Inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord, allosteric regulator of NMDA receptors.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a non-essential, non-polar, non-optical, glucogenic amino acid. 2-Aminoacetic acid, an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, triggers chloride ion influx via ionotropic receptors, thereby creating an inhibitory post-synaptic potential.

In contrast, this agent also acts as a co-agonist, along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an important component and precursor for many macromolecules in the cells.
2-Aminoacetic acid is the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain.

2-Aminoacetic acid has a role as a nutraceutical, a hepatoprotective agent, an EC 2.1.2.1 (2-Aminoacetic acid hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor, a NMDA receptor agonist, a micronutrient, a fundamental metabolite and a neurotransmitter.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an alpha-amino acid, a serine family amino acid and a proteinogenic amino acid.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a conjugate base of a glycinium.

2-Aminoacetic acid is a conjugate acid of a glycinate.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a tautomer of a 2-Aminoacetic acid zwitterion.
2-Aminoacetic acid appears as white crystals.

2-Aminoacetic acid is an amino acid that your body uses to create proteins, which it needs for the growth and maintenance of tissue and for making important substances, such as hormones and enzymes.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an amino acid the body can make 2-Aminoacetic acid on its own, but it is also consumed in the diet.
2-Aminoacetic acid, the simplest amino acid, obtainable by hydrolysis of proteins.

Sweet-tasting, 2-Aminoacetic acid was among the earliest amino acids to be isolated from gelatin (1820).
In the genetic code, 2-Aminoacetic acid is coded by all codons starting with GG, namely GGU, GGC, GGA and GGG.
In the US, 2-Aminoacetic acid is typically sold in two grades: United States Pharmacopeia (“USP”), and technical grade.

USP grade sales account for approximately 80 to 85 percent of the U.S. market for 2-Aminoacetic acid.
If purity greater than the USP standard is needed, for example for intravenous injections, a more expensive pharmaceutical grade 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used.
Technical grade 2-Aminoacetic acid, which may or may not meet USP grade standards, is sold at a lower price for use in industrial applications, e.g., as an agent in metal complexing and finishing.

Glycine (abbreviated as Gly or G) is an organic compound with the formula NH2CH2COOH. Having a hydrogen substituent as its side-chain, glycine is the smallest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. Its codons are GGU, GGC, GGA, GGG of the genetic code.
Glycine is a colourless, sweet-tasting crystalline solid. It is unique among the proteinogenic amino acids in that it is not chiral. It can fit into hydrophilic or hydrophobic environments, due to its minimal side chain of only one hydrogen atom. Glycine is also the genus name of the Soybean plant (species name = Glycine max).

2-Aminoacetic acid is manufactured exclusively by chemical synthesis, and two main processes are practiced today.
The direct amination of chloroacetic acid with a large excess of ammonia gives good yields of glycine without producing large amounts of di- and trialkylated products.
This process is widely used in China, where the main application of the glycine is as a raw material for the herbicide glyphosate.

The other main process is the Strecker synthesis.
The direct Strecker reaction of formaldehyde and ammonium cyanide produces methylene amino acetonitrile, which must be hydrolyzed in two stages to produce 2-Aminoacetic acid.

An alternative method, which is more often applied for the homologous amino acids, is the Bucherer–Bergs reaction.
Reaction of formaldehyde and ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate gives the intermediate hydantoin, which can be hydrolyzed to glycine in a separate step.

Melting point: 240 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Boiling point: 233°C
Density: 1.595
vapor pressure: 0.0000171 Pa (25 °C)
FEMA: 3287 | GLYCINE
refractive index: 1.4264 (estimate)
Flash point: 176.67°C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: H2O: 100 mg/mL
form: powder
pka: 2.35(at 25℃)
color: PH: 4(0.2 molar aqueous solution)
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 4
Odor Type: odorless
Water Solubility: 25 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.05
JECFA Number: 1421
Merck: 14,4491
BRN: 635782
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -3.21

2-Aminoacetic acid acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
2-Aminoacetic acid binds to 2-Aminoacetic acid; 2-hydroxypropanoic acid receptors, leading to the opening of chloride channels and hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic neuron.
2-Aminoacetic acid also acts as a co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, which is involved in learning and memory.

2-Aminoacetic acid is produced during anaerobic respiration in muscles.
2-Aminoacetic acid accumulates in the muscle tissue, leading to a decrease in pH and the feeling of muscle fatigue.
2-Aminoacetic acid also acts as a signaling molecule, regulating various physiological processes.

2-Aminoacetic acid has been shown to have various biochemical and physiological effects.
2-Aminoacetic acid is involved in the synthesis of collagen, an important component of connective tissue.
2-Aminoacetic acid also plays a role in the synthesis of heme, a component of hemoglobin.

2-Aminoacetic acid has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for various diseases.
2-Aminoacetic acid has been shown to have various biochemical and physiological effects.
2-Aminoacetic acid is involved in the regulation of pH in the body.

2-Aminoacetic acid also acts as a signaling molecule, regulating various physiological processes such as glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, and muscle adaptation to exercise.
2-Aminoacetic acid is the simplest amino acid in terms of molecular structure.
2-Aminoacetic acid consists of a single hydrogen atom as its side chain (R-group), which makes it the only amino acid that is achiral (lacking a chiral center).

2-Aminoacetic acids chemical formula is C2H5NO2.
2-Aminoacetic acid is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are commonly found in proteins.
During protein synthesis, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be incorporated into the polypeptide chain at specific positions, contributing to the overall structure and function of the protein.

In the central nervous system, 2-Aminoacetic acid acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
2-Aminoacetic acid plays a role in signal transmission between nerve cells and can help regulate neural activity.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a crucial component of collagen, which is the most abundant protein in the human body and provides structural support to various tissues, including skin, bones, and tendons.

2-Aminoacetic acid is involved in various metabolic pathways.
2-Aminoacetic acid participates in the synthesis of other important molecules, including creatine, heme (found in hemoglobin), and glutathione (an antioxidant).
2-Aminoacetic acid is naturally present in many protein-containing foods, such as meat, fish, dairy products, and legumes.

2-Aminoacetic acid can also be obtained through dietary supplements.
Some potential health benefits of 2-Aminoacetic acid supplementation have been studied, including its role in improving sleep quality, supporting muscle growth, and promoting skin health.
However, more research is needed to establish these effects conclusively.

2-Aminoacetic acid has various industrial applications, including its use as a sweetener (known as E640) and in the production of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a significant component of some solutions used in the SDS-PAGE method of protein analysis.
2-Aminoacetic acid serves as a buffering agent, maintaining pH and preventing sample damage during electrophoresis.

2-Aminoacetic acid is also used to remove protein-labeling antibodies from Western blot membranes to enable the probing of numerous proteins of interest from SDS-PAGE gel.
This allows more data to be drawn from the same specimen, increasing the reliability of the data, reducing the amount of sample processing, and number of samples required.
This process is known as stripping.

2-Aminoacetic acid has been extensively studied for its role in protein synthesis and neurotransmission.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also used as a buffer in various biochemical processes.
2-Aminoacetic acid has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a promising therapeutic agent for various diseases.

2-Aminoacetic acid has been studied for its role in muscle fatigue and lactate threshold.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also used in the food industry as a preservative and flavoring agent.
2-Aminoacetic acid has been shown to have antimicrobial and antifungal properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for various infections.

History of discovery:
2-Aminoacetic acid are organic acids containing an amino group and are the basic units of protein.
They are generally colorless crystals with a relative high melting point (over 200 °C).
2-Aminoacetic acid is soluble in water with amphiprotic ionization characteristics and can have sensitive colorimetric reaction with ninhydrin reagent.

In 1820, 2-Aminoacetic acid with the simplest structure was first discovered in a protein hydrolysis product.
Until 1940, 2-Aminoacetic acid has been found that there were about 20 kinds of amino acids in nature.
They are necessary for the protein synthesis of both human and animal.

They are mostly α-L-type amino acids.
According to the different number of amino groups and carboxyl groups contained in 2-Aminoacetic acid, we classify amino acids into neutral amino acids (glycine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, cystine, cysteine, A methionine, threonine, serine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, proline and hydroxyproline, etc.) with the amino acid molecules containing only one amino group and a carboxyl group; acidic amino acid (glutamate, aspartate) which contains two carboxyl and one amino group; alkaline amino acids (lysine, arginine) which molecularly contains one carboxyl group and two amino groups; Histidine contains a nitrogen ring which exhibits weakly alkaline and thus also belonging to alkaline amino acids.

2-Aminoacetic acid can be obtained both from protein hydrolysis and from chemical synthesis.
Since the 1960s, industrial production mainly applied microbial fermentation, such as monosodium glutamate factory has been widely applied fermentation method for production of glutamate.
In recent years, people has also applied petroleum hydrocarbons and other chemical products as raw materials of fermentation for production of amino acids.

Production Methods:
2-Aminoacetic acid was discovered in 1820, by Henri Braconnot who boiled gelatin with sulfuric acid.
2-Aminoacetic acid is manufactured industrially by treating chloroacetic acid with ammonia :
ClCH2COOH + 2 NH3→H2NCH2COOH + NH4Cl

About 15 million kg are produced annually in this way.
In the USA (by GEO Specialty Chemicals, Inc.) and in Japan (by Shoadenko), 2-Aminoacetic acid is produced via the Strecker amino acid synthesis.
Although 2-Aminoacetic acid can be isolated from hydrolyzed protein, this route is not used for industrial production, as it can be manufactured more conveniently by chemical synthesis.

The two main processes are amination of chloroacetic acid with ammonia, giving 2-Aminoacetic acid and ammonium chloride, and the Strecker amino acid synthesis, which is the main synthetic method in the United States and Japan.
About 15 thousand tonnes are produced annually in this way.

2-Aminoacetic acid is also cogenerated as an impurity in the synthesis of EDTA, arising from reactions of the ammonia coproduct.
2-Aminoacetic acid can be synthesized by two methods: the Strecker synthesis and the Gabriel synthesis.
The Strecker synthesis involves the reaction of ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, and formaldehyde to produce 2-Aminoacetic acid; 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.

The Gabriel synthesis involves the reaction of potassium phthalimide with diethyl bromomalonate, followed by hydrolysis to produce 2-Aminoacetic acid; 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.
2-Aminoacetic acid can be produced by the fermentation of lactose or other sugars by bacteria.
2-Aminoacetic acid can also be produced by the breakdown of glucose in muscles during anaerobic respiration.

Uses
2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the pharmaceutical industry, organic synthesis and biochemical analysis.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a buffer for the preparation of tissue culture media and the testing of copper, gold and silver.
In medicine, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis and progressive muscular atrophy, hyperacidity, chronic enteritis, and children hyperprolinemia diseases.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis and progressive muscular atrophy; treatment of excess stomach acid ester disease, chronic enteritis (often in combination antacid); using in combination with aspirin can reduce the irritation of the stomach; treatment of children hyperprolinemia; as the nitrogen source for generating non-essential amino acid and can be added to a mixed amino acid injection.
2-Aminoacetic acid is primarily used as a nutritional additive in chicken feed.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a kind of nutritional supplement which is mainly used for flavoring.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used for alcoholic beverage in combination with alanine; the addition amount: grape wine: 0.4%, whiskey: 0.2%, champagne: 1.0%. Others such as powder soup: 2%; lees marinated foods: 1%.
Because 2-Aminoacetic acid is tasted like shrimp and cuttlefish, and thus can be used in sauces.

2-Aminoacetic acid has some certain inhibitory effects on the Bacillus subtilis and E. coli and thus can be used as the preservatives of surimi products and peanut butter with the added amount being 1% to 2%.
Because 2-Aminoacetic acid is amphiprotic ions containing both amino and carboxyl groups, it has a strong buffering property on the taste feeling of salt and vinegar.

The added amount is: salted products: 0.3% to 0.7%, acid stain product: 0.05% to 0.5%.
Antioxidant effect (with its metal chelation): being added to butter, cheese, and margarine extend the storage duration by 3 to 4 times.
To make the lard oil in baked food be stable, we can add 2.5% glucose and 0.5% 2-Aminoacetic acid.

Adding 0.1% to 0.5% 2-Aminoacetic acid to the wheat flour for making convenient noodles can play a role of flavoring.
In pharmacy, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used as antacids (hyperacidity), therapeutic agent for muscle nutritional disorder as well as antidotes.
Moreover, 2-Aminoacetic acid can also be used as the raw material for synthesizing amino acids like threonine.

2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as a spice according to the provisions of GB 2760-96.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also known as aminoacetic acid. In the field of pesticide production, it is used for synthesizing the glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride which is the intermediate for the synthesis of pyrethroid insecticides.

Moreover, 2-Aminoacetic acid can also be used for synthesizing fungicides iprodione and solid glyphosate herbicide; in addition it is also used in various kinds of other industries such as fertilizer, medicine, food additives, and spices.
2-Aminoacetic acid is widely used in biochemical and pharmacological experiments due to its low toxicity and high solubility.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also used as a buffer in various biochemical assays.

However, 2-Aminoacetic acid; 2-hydroxypropanoic acid can interfere with certain assays, leading to false results.
2-Aminoacetic acid is widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also used in various biochemical assays as a substrate or inhibitor.

2-Aminoacetic acid can interfere with certain assays, leading to false results.
2-Aminoacetic acid is ussed as a solvent to remove carbon dioxide in the fertilizer industry.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as amino acid preparations, the buffer of chlortetracycline buffer and as the raw material for synthesizing the anti-Parkinson's disease drugs L-dopa.

2-Aminoacetic acid is also the intermediate for producing ethyl imidazole.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also an adjunct therapy medicine for treating neural hyperacidity and effectively suppressing excess amount of gastric ulcer acid.
In the food industry, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the synthesis of alcohol, brewing products, meat processing and cold drinks formula.

As a food additive, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used alone as a condiment and also used in combination with sodium glutamate, DL-alanine acid, and citric acid.
In other industries, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as a pH adjusting agent, being added to the plating solution, or used as the raw material for making other amino acids.
2-Aminoacetic acid can further be used as biochemical reagents and solvent in organic synthesis and biochemistry.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used as the intermediates of pharmaceutical and pesticide, decarbonation solvents of fertilizers, plating fluid, etc.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a solvent for removing carbon dioxide in the fertilizer industry.
In pharmaceutical industry, it is used as the buffer of chlortetracycline, amino antacids, and used for the preparation of L-dopa.

In food industry, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as flavoring agents, agent for removing saccharine bitter taste, for brewing, meat processing, and preparation of soft drinks.
In addition, it can also be used as a pH adjusting agent and used in the preparation of the plating solution.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as biochemical reagents for the pharmaceutical, food and feed additives; it can also be used as a non-toxic decarbonization agent in the field of fertilizer industry.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the pharmaceutical industry, organic synthesis and biochemical analysis.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a buffer for the preparation of tissue culture media and the testing of copper, gold and silver.
In medicine, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis and progressive muscular atrophy, hyperacidity, chronic enteritis, and children hyperprolinemia diseases.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis and progressive muscular atrophy; treatment of excess stomach acid ester disease, chronic enteritis (often in combination antacid); using in combination with aspirin can reduce the irritation of the stomach; treatment of children hyperprolinemia; as the nitrogen source for generating non-essential amino acid and can be added to a mixed amino acid injection.
2-Aminoacetic acid is available as a dietary supplement in the form of capsules, powder, or tablets.

2-Aminoacetic acid supplements to potentially improve sleep quality, support muscle growth, or promote skin health.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also used in combination with other amino acids in various supplement formulations.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a food additive and flavor enhancer.

2-Aminoacetic acid is designated as "E640" and is often included in processed foods and beverages to enhance their taste.
2-Aminoacetic acid has pharmaceutical applications.
2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as an excipient in drug formulations, aiding in the solubility and stability of certain medications.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used in the production of some over-the-counter and prescription drugs.
2-Aminoacetic acid can be found in cosmetics and skincare products due to its potential benefits for skin health.
It is believed to help moisturize and improve the overall appearance of the skin.

2-Aminoacetic acid has several industrial uses, including its role in the manufacturing of chemicals such as glyphosate (a widely used herbicide) and other specialty chemicals.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also employed in metal chelation processes and as a buffering agent in various chemical reactions.
2-Aminoacetic acid is a common component in cell culture media used in biotechnology and research laboratories.

2-Aminoacetic acid provides a nitrogen source and helps regulate the pH of cell culture environments.
2-Aminoacetic acid functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, it is studied for its potential role in neurological research and the development of drugs that target neurotransmitter systems.

In animal nutrition, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be included in feed formulations to provide essential amino acids for livestock, poultry, and other animals.
In some specialized applications, 2-Aminoacetic acid-based compounds are used as flame retardants to reduce the flammability of materials.
2-Aminoacetic acid is sometimes included in sports nutrition products due to its potential role in supporting muscle growth and recovery.

2-Aminoacetic acid is often found in amino acid blends marketed to athletes.
2-Aminoacetic acid is primarily used as a nutritional additive in chicken feed.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a kind of nutritional supplement which is mainly used for flavoring.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used for alcoholic beverage in combination with alanine; the addition amount: grape wine: 0.4%, whiskey: 0.2%, champagne: 1.0%. Others such as powder soup: 2%; lees marinated foods: 1%.
2-Aminoacetic acid is tasted like shrimp and cuttlefish, and thus can be used in sauces.
2-Aminoacetic acid has some certain inhibitory effects on the Bacillus subtilis and E. coli and thus can be used as the preservatives of surimi products and peanut butter with the added amount being 1% to 2%.

2-Aminoacetic acid is amphiprotic ions containing both amino and carboxyl groups, it has a strong buffering property on the taste feeling of salt and vinegar.
2-Aminoacetic acid with antioxidant functions, used in butter, cheese, margarine, can prolong the shelf life of 3-4 times.
2-Aminoacetic acid can also be alone as a sweet taste, can be used in the production, candy and cookies for the prevention of high blood pressure is very good.

In the surfactant industry, with 2-Aminoacetic acid can synthesis of cationic and amphoteric surfactants, also can be used in the production of amino acid dye dyeing, used for skin care and cosmetics for cleaning after dispensing, in addition, to make foam, strong antioxidant drug cosmetics water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsion,humidifying and thickening effect.
2-Aminoacetic acid can also be used for animal medicine additive, also can be used as a PH regulator to add in the plating solution.

Pharmaceutical grade 2-Aminoacetic acid is produced for some pharmaceutical applications, such as intravenous injections, where the customer’s purity requirements often exceed the minimum required under the USP grade designation.
Pharmaceutical grade 2-Aminoacetic acid is often produced to proprietary specifications and is typically sold at a premium over USP grade 2-Aminoacetic acid.

Technical grade 2-Aminoacetic acid, which may or may not meet USP grade standards, is sold for use in industrial applications; e.g., as an agent in metal complexing and finishing.
Technical grade 2-Aminoacetic acid is typically sold at a discount to USP grade 2-Aminoacetic acid.
Other markets for USP grade 2-Aminoacetic acid include its use an additive in pet food and animal feed.

For humans, 2-Aminoacetic acid is sold as a sweetener/taste enhancer.
Certain food supplements and protein drinks contain 2-Aminoacetic acid.
Certain drug formulations include 2-Aminoacetic acid to improve gastric absorption of the drug.

2-Aminoacetic acid serves as a buffering agent in antacids, analgesics, antiperspirants, cosmetics, and toiletries.
Many miscellaneous products use glycine or its derivatives, such as the production of rubber sponge products, fertilizers, metal complexants.
2-Aminoacetic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of chemical products.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used in the manufacture of the herbicide glyphosate.
Glyphosate is a non-selective systemic herbicide used to kill weeds, especially perennials and broadcast or used in the cutstump treatment as a forestry herbicide.
2-Aminoacetic acid is routinely used as a cofreeze-dried excipient in protein formulations owing to its ability to form a strong, porous, and elegant cake structure in the final lyophilized product.

2-Aminoacetic acid is one of the most frequently utilized excipients in freeze-dried injectable formulations owing to its advantageous freeze-drying properties.
2-Aminoacetic acid has been investigated as a disintegration accelerant in fast-disintegrating formulations owing to its excellent wetting nature.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also used as a buffering agent and conditioner in cosmetics.

2-Aminoacetic acid may be used along with antacids in the treatment of gastric hyperacidity, and it may also be included in aspirin preparations to aid the reduction of gastric irritation.
2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as a spice according to the provisions of GB 2760-96.
2-Aminoacetic acid is also known as aminoacetic acid.

In the field of pesticide production, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used for synthesizing the 2-Aminoacetic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride which is the intermediate for the synthesis of pyrethroid insecticides.
Moreover, 2-Aminoacetic acid can also be used for synthesizing fungicides iprodione and solid glyphosate herbicide; in addition it is also used in various kinds of other industries such as fertilizer, medicine, food additives, and spices.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a solvent to remove carbon dioxide in the fertilizer industry.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as amino acid preparations, the buffer of chlortetracycline buffer and as the raw material for synthesizing the anti-Parkinson's disease drugs L-dopa.
Moreover, 2-Aminoacetic acid is also the intermediate for producing ethyl imidazole.

2-Aminoacetic acid is also an adjunct therapy medicine for treating neural hyperacidity and effectively suppressing excess amount of gastric ulcer acid.
In the food industry, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used for the synthesis of alcohol, brewing products, meat processing and cold drinks formula.
As a food additive, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used alone as a condiment and also used in combination with sodium glutamate, DL-alanine acid, and citric acid.

In other industries, 2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as a pH adjusting agent, being added to the plating solution, or used as the raw material for making other amino acids.
2-Aminoacetic acid can further be used as biochemical reagents and solvent in organic synthesis and biochemistry.
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as the intermediates of pharmaceutical and pesticide, decarbonation solvents of fertilizers, plating fluid, etc.

2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a solvent for removing carbon dioxide in the fertilizer industry.
In pharmaceutical industry, 2-Aminoacetic acid is used as the buffer of chlortetracycline, amino antacids, and used for the preparation of L-dopa.

2-Aminoacetic acid can be used as flavoring agents, agent for removing saccharine bitter taste, for brewing, meat processing, and preparation of soft drinks.
In addition, 2-Aminoacetic acid can also be used as a pH adjusting agent and used in the preparation of the plating solution.

Safety Profile:
2-Aminoacetic acid is used as a sweetener, buffering agent, and dietary supplement.
The pure form of glycine is moderately toxic by the IV route and mildly toxic by ingestion.
Systemic absorption of 2-Aminoacetic acid irrigation solutions can lead to disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance and cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders.

While rare, some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to glycine.
Allergic reactions can include symptoms such as skin rashes, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
If you suspect an allergy to 2-Aminoacetic acid, seek medical attention immediately.

In some cases, consuming large amounts of 2-Aminoacetic acid supplements may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, including symptoms like nausea, diarrhea, or stomach cramps.
2-Aminoacetic acid supplements can interact with certain medications.
For example, 2-Aminoacetic acid may increase the absorption of certain drugs, potentially altering their effectiveness.

If you are taking medications, especially those that require precise dosing, consult with a healthcare provider before adding 2-Aminoacetic acid supplements to your routine.
Some studies suggest that high doses of 2-Aminoacetic acid may affect hormone levels, particularly insulin.

This can have implications for individuals with diabetes or other conditions related to insulin sensitivity.
In rare cases, excessive intake of 2-Aminoacetic acid supplements may lead to neurological symptoms such as dizziness or confusion.
These symptoms are typically associated with very high doses.

Synonyms
glycine
2-Aminoacetic acid
56-40-6
aminoacetic acid
Glycocoll
Aminoethanoic acid
Glycolixir
H-Gly-OH
Glycosthene
Glicoamin
Aciport
Padil
Glycin
Hampshire glycine
L-Glycine
Amitone
Leimzucker
Aminoazijnzuur
Acetic acid, amino-
Glycine, non-medical
Sucre de gelatine
Glycinum
GLY (IUPAC abbrev)
Gyn-hydralin
Corilin
Glicina
Glycine [INN]
Glyzin
FEMA No. 3287
Acido aminoacetico
Glycinum [INN-Latin]
Glicina [INN-Spanish]
Acidum aminoaceticum
gly
Glykokoll
Aminoessigsaeure
Hgly
CCRIS 5915
HSDB 495
Acide aminoacetique
Acide aminoacetique [INN-French]
Acido aminoacetico [INN-Spanish]
Acidum aminoaceticum [INN-Latin]
AI3-04085
NSC 25936
25718-94-9
GLYCINE 1.5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
H2N-CH2-COOH
amino-Acetic acid
EINECS 200-272-2
UNII-TE7660XO1C
MFCD00008131
NSC-25936
[14C]glycine
TE7660XO1C
AMINOACETIC ACID 1.5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
DTXSID9020667
CHEBI:15428
Glycine [USP:INN]
Glycine, labeled with carbon-14
NSC25936
CHEMBL773
DTXCID90667
Glycine iron sulphate (1:1)
GLYCINE-1-13C-15N
GLYCINE-2-13C-15N
EC 200-272-2
aminoacetate
Athenon
NCGC00024503-01
(1-13c)glycinato
[3H]glycine
GLYCINE (II)
GLYCINE [II]
GLYCINE (MART.)
GLYCINE [MART.]
Glycine, free base
[14C]-glycine
AB-131/40217813
GLYCINE (EP MONOGRAPH)
GLYCINE [EP MONOGRAPH]
GLYCINE (USP MONOGRAPH)
GLYCINE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Acide aminoacetique (INN-French)
Acid, Aminoacetic
CAS-56-40-6
SERINE IMPURITY B (EP IMPURITY)
SERINE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]
18875-39-3
GLYCINE, ACS
Aminoessigsaure
Aminoethanoate
amino-Acetate
2-aminoacetate
Glycine;
amino acetic acid
Glycine USP grade
H-Gly
L-Gly
Gly-CO
Gly-OH
L-Glycine,(S)
Corilin (Salt/Mix)
Tocris-0219
Glycine (H-Gly-OH)
GLYCINE [VANDF]
NH2CH2COOH
GLYCINE [FHFI]
GLYCINE [HSDB]
GLYCINE [INCI]
Glycine, >=99%
GLYCINE [FCC]
GLYCINE [JAN]
GLYCINE [MI]
an alpha amino acid ester
Glycine (JP15/USP)
Glycine (JP17/USP)
Glycine, 99%, FCC
GLYCINE [USP-RS]
GLYCINE [WHO-DD]
Biomol-NT_000195
bmse000089
bmse000977
D0M8AB
WLN: Z1VQ
Gly-253
Glycine; (Aminoacetic acid)
GLYCINE [GREEN BOOK]
GTPL727
GLYCINE [ORANGE BOOK]
Glycine-UL-14C hydrochloride
Glycine, Electrophoresis Grade
S04-0135
BPBio1_001222
GTPL4084
GTPL4635
BDBM18133
AZD4282
Glycine, >=99.0% (NT)
(C2-H5-N-O2)x-
Glycine, 98.5-101.5%
Pharmakon1600-01300021
Glycine 1000 microg/mL in Water
2-Aminoacetic acid;Aminoacetic acid
BCP25965
CS-B1641
HY-Y0966
Glycine, ACS reagent, >=98.5%
Tox21_113575
Glycine, 99%, natural, FCC, FG
HB0299
LS-218
NSC760120
s4821
STL194276
Glycine, purum, >=98.5% (NT)
Glycine, tested according to Ph.Eur.
AKOS000119626
Glycine, for electrophoresis, >=99%
Tox21_113575_1
AM81781
CCG-266010
CS-O-00823
DB00145
NSC-760120
Glycine, BioUltra, >=99.0% (NT)
Glycine, BioXtra, >=99% (titration)
Glycine, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%
NCGC00024503-02
NCGC00024503-03
BP-31024
Glycine, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
FT-0600491
FT-0669038
G0099
G0317
Glycine, ReagentPlus(R), >=99% (HPLC)
EN300-19731
A20662
C00037
D00011
D70890
M03001
L001246
Q620730
SR-01000597729
Glycine, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
Q-201300
SR-01000597729-1
Q27115084
B72BA06C-60E9-4A83-A24A-A2D7F465BB65
F2191-0197
Glycine, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Z955123660
Glycine, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.0% (NT)
InChI=1/C2H5NO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1,3H2,(H,4,5
Glycine, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Glycine, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Glycine, analytical standard, for nitrogen determination according to Kjeldahl method
Glycine, from non-animal source, meets EP, JP, USP testing specifications, suitable for cell culture, >=98.5%
Glycine, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99-101% (based on anhydrous substance)
2-Amino-2-metdyl-1-propanol
2-Amino-2-methylpropanol; 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; Aminomethyl propanol; 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine; 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane; 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol; 2-Aminodimethylethanol; 2-Aminoisobutanol; 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol; 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1; beta-Aminoisobutanol; Hydroxy-tert-butylamine; ��sobutanol-2-amine CAS NO:124-68-5
2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL = BNPD = BNPK = BRONOPOL


CAS Number: 52-51-7
EC Number: 200-143-0
MDL number: MFCD00007390
Chemical formula: C3H6BrNO4 / HOCH2C(Br)(NO2)CH2OH



2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an organic compound that is used as an antimicrobial.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a white solid although commercial samples appear yellow.
The first reported synthesis of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was in 1897.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was invented in the early 1960s and first applications were as a preservative for pharmaceuticals.


Due to its low mammalian toxicity at in-use levels and high activity against bacteria, especially Gram-negative species, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol became popular as a preservative in many consumer products such as shampoos and cosmetics.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was subsequently adopted as an antimicrobial in other industrial environments such as paper mills, oil exploration, and production facilities, as well as cooling water disinfection plants.


2-Bromo-2-Nitro-1,3-Propanediol is an organic antimicrobial compound which finds application as preservative for various industries.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is known to have chemical formula C3H6BrNO4 with molar mass of 199.989 g/mol and white colored appearance.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol decomposes at 140 degrees celsius and shows melting point of around 130 degrees celsius with density of 1.1 g/cm3.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol shows antibacterial activity against both grams negative & grams positive strains.
Also known as bronopol, 2-Bromo-2-Nitro-1,3-Propanediol is readily soluble in water and is said to show most stability under slightly acidic conditions.
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol is an antimicrobial preservative that works by forming formaldehyde in cosmetic products.


As a pure material, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has a melting point of about 130 °C.
However, due to its polymorphic characteristics, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol undergoes a lattice rearrangement at 100 to 105 °C and this can often be wrongly interpreted as the melting point.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, also known as Bronopol, is an organic compound with wide-spectrum antimicrobial properties.


At temperatures above 140 °C, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol decomposes exothermically releasing hydrogen bromide and oxides of nitrogen.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is readily soluble in water; the dissolution process is endothermic.
Solutions containing up to 28% w/v are possible at ambient temperature.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is poorly soluble in non-polar solvents but shows a high affinity for polar organic solvents.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is supplied as crystals or crystalline powder, which may vary from white to pale yellow in colour depending on the grade.
The yellow coloration is due to the chelation of iron during the manufacturing process.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol (BNP) is a preservative that is used in wastewater treatment.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an antimicrobial agent that has synergistic effects with other antimicrobial agents such as triclosan, benzalkonium chloride and sesquiterpene lactones.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 to < 1 000 tonnes per annum.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is anorganic compoundthat is used as an antimicrobial.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a white solid although commercial samples appear yellow.
The first reported synthesis of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was in 1897.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a component of gray wastewater.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a white solid although commercial samples appear yellow.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an organic compound that is used as an antimicrobial and preservative.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was invented in the early 1960s and first applications were as a preservative for pharmaceuticals.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, also known as Bronopol, is an organic compound with wide-spectrum antimicrobial properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol(CAS:52-51-7) Cosmetics, Preservatives for milk samples, Topical medications and also provide wide spectrum of antibacterial activity.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be found in hand & face creams, shampoos, hair dressings, mascaras, cleansing lotions, shaving creams, talcum powders, paints, textiles, humidifiers, pharmaceutical products and detergents.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a bactericide, in antiseptics and as a preservative in cosmetics.
Bactericide, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is widely used in industrial circulating water, algae-killing, paper pulp, paint, plastic, timber-cooling circulating water and other industries .
In addition, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used to prevent daily-used cosmetic products from moldly and corrosion.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is widely used in water treatment, medicine, pesticides, cosmetics, detergents and other industries as preservatives and sterilants.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a microbiocide/microbiostat in oil field systems, air washer systems, air conditioning/humidifying systems, cooling water systems, papermills, absorbent clays, metal working fluids, printing inks, paints, adhesives and consumer/institutional products.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is employed in Cosmetics, Preservatives for milk samples, Topical medications and also provide wide spectrum of antibacterial activity.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a broad-spectrum preservative and antiseptic used in cosmetics, topical medicaments, and industry.
Cosmetic preparations contain 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol in concentrations of 0.01% to 0.02%.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a formaldehyde-releasing preservative and concomitant sensitization to bronopol and formaldehyde occurs in about a third of patch test clinic patients.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as preservative for storing milk samples.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a microbicide or microbiostat in various commercial and industrial applications, including oil field systems, air washer systems, air conditioning or humidifying systems, cooling water systems, papermills, absorbent clays, metal working fluids, printing inks, paints, adhesives and consumer products .


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol then became popular as a preservative in many consumer products such as shampoos and cosmetics.
The use of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol in personal care products (cosmetics, toiletries) has declined since the late 1980s due to the potential formation of nitrosamines.



2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, 98% Cas 52-51-7 is used to develop a rapid bacterial toxicity test for detecting disinfectant residues released by disinfected materials.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an organic compound that is used as an antimicrobial.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in consumer products as an effective preservative agent, as well as in a wide variety of industrial applications.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been shown to have a phase transition temperature of -28°C, which can be used to identify it in the laboratory.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol also has a pK value of 4.4, which indicates that it is weakly acidic.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used as an analytical method for the determination of p - hydroxybenzoic acid in aqueous samples by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an antibacterial agent with low toxicity (to mammals) and high activity (especially against Gram-negative bacteria).
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an organic compound that is used as an antimicrobial with low mammalian toxicity and high activity.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses) and in formulation or re-packing.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is widely used in Industrial Circulating Water, papermaking, painting, plastic and cooling water recirculation system.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be added into shampoo, conditioner, cream, shower gel and other cosmetics as well as the detergent and fabric treatment.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, perfumes and fragrances, fertilisers and plant protection products.
Other release to the environment of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is likely to occur from: outdoor use as processing aid and indoor use as processing aid.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in the following products: perfumes and fragrances, cosmetics and personal care products, fertilisers, plant protection products and washing & cleaning products.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing.


Release to the environment of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Other release to the environment of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is likely to occur from: outdoor use as processing aid and indoor use as processing aid.


2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals, perfumes and fragrances, cosmetics and personal care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fertilisers, plant protection products and washing & cleaning products.
Cosmetic Uses of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol include preservatives


-Biocidal Uses:
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is being reviewed for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: disinfection, product preservation, preservation for liquid systems, controlling slimes, embalming or taxidermy.


-Uses of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol:
*Cooling fluids
*Cosmetics
*Creams and lotions
*Detergents
*Hair dressing
*Humidifers
*Mascaras
*Milk sampling
*Paints
*Shampoos
*Textiles
*Topical medications



PRODUCTION of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is produced by the bromination of di(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane, which is derived from nitromethane by a nitroaldol reaction.
World production of 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol increased from the tens of tonnes in the late 1970s to current estimates in excess of 5,000 tonnes.



WHERE IS 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL FOUND?
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an antimicrobial agent commonly used as a preservative in many types of cosmetics, personal care products, and topical medications.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as an anti-infective, antimicrobial, fungicide, germicide, bactericide, slimicide, and wood preservative.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is reportedly very effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as against fungi and yeasts.
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol may release formaldehyde and cross-reacts with other formaldehyde-releasing substances.



WHAT ARE SOME PRODUCTS THAT MAY CONTAIN 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL?
*Adhesives and Glues
*Agricultural Chemicals
*Cleaning Agents
*Construction Materials
*Cooling Lubricants
*Filling Agents
*Flooring Agents
*Indicators and Reagents
*Kitty Litter
*Metal Working Fluids
*Paints:
Finger paints
Papermills
Pesticides
Polishes
Printing Inks
*Preservatives:
Biocide
*Toiletries and Cosmetics:
Blushers
Cleansing lotions
Creams
Eyebrow pencils
Formaldehyde releaser
Foundations
Hair conditioners
Hair dressings
Humidifiers
Mascara
Moisturizers
Shampoos
Deodorants
Washing Detergents



PARTITION COEFFICIENT of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
Study of the solubility data shows that bronopol has a high affinity for polar rather than non-polar environments.
In two-phase systems, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol partitions preferentially into the polar (usually aqueous) phase.



STABILITY of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION:
In aqueous solutions, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is most stable when the pH of the system is on the acid side of neutral.
Temperature also has a significant effect on stability in alkaline systems.



DEGRADATION of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
Under extreme alkaline conditions, 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol decomposes in aqueous solution and very low levels of formaldehyde are produced.
Liberated formaldehyde is not responsible for the biological activity associated with 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
Chemical formula: C3H6BrNO4
Molar mass: 199.988 g·mol−1
Appearance: White solid
Density: 1.1 g/cm3
Melting point: 130 °C (266 °F; 403 K)
Boiling point: 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) (decomposes)
Formula: HOCH2CBr(NO2)CH2OH / C3H6O4BrN
Molecular mass: 200
Melting point: 120-122°C
Relative density (water = 1): 1.9
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 23°C: 28 (freely soluble)

Vapour pressure, Pa at 20°C: <0.01
Flash point: 167°C
Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 0.18
molecular formula: C3H6BrNO4
Molecular weight: 199.98800
Appearance and properties: white to slightly yellow crystals or crystalline powder
Density: 1.91 g/cm3
Boiling point: 358ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting point: 130-133 °C(lit.)
Flash point: 167°C
Refractive index: 1.574

Water solubility: 25 g/100 mL (22 ºC)
Appearance (Colour): White
Appearance (Form): Crystalline powder
Solubility (Turbidity) 10% aq. solution: Clear
Solubility (Colour) 10% aq. solution: Colourless
Assay: 99 - 101%
pH (1% aq. solution): 5.0 to 7.0
Melting Point: 128 - 131°C
Sulphated Ash: max. 0.1%
Water (KF): max. 0.5%
Appearance Form: solid
Odor: No data available

Odor Threshold No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/range: 130 - 133 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: > 100 °C
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: < 1 hPa at 20 °C
Vapor density: No data available
Relative density: 1,9 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Water solubility: 286 g/l at 20,2 °C

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water log Pow: 0,22 at 24 °C
Autoignition temperature: does not ignite
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Surface tension: 72 mN/m at 1g/l at 20 °C
Appearance: white crystalline (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 131.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 358.00 to 359.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)

Flash Point: 339.00 °F. TCC ( 170.30 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 1.150 (est)
Soluble in: water, 2.50E+05 mg/L @ 22 °C (exp)
Density: 2.018 g/cm3
LogP: -0.13790
Solubility: 25 g/100 mL (22 °C) in water
Melting Point: 130- 133°C
Formula: C3H6BrNO4
Boiling Point: 358 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight: 199.989
Flash Point: 170.3 °C
Appearance: off-white crystalline powder



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
-After inhalation:
Fresh air.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
-After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
-After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
-Control parameters:
*Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
bronopol
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
bronosol
bronocot
bronidiol
bronopolu
bronotak
1,3-propanediol
2-bromo-2-nitro
onyxide 500
lexgard bronopol
Bronopol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
BNPD
1,3-Propanediol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
BNPK
beta-Bromo-beta-nitrotrimethyleneglycol
Biozid
BNPD
Bronidiol
Bronopol
2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane-1,3-diol
Bronopol
b-Bromo-b-nitrotrimethyleneglycol
2-nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bronopol
-Bromo-nitrotrimethyleneglycol
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
2-Nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
Bioban
Bronidiol
Bronocot
Bronopo
Bronotak
Canguard 409
Myacide AS
Myacide AS Plus
Myacide PharmaBP
N 25 (antimicrobial)
NSC 141021
Nalco 92RU093
Preventol P 100
Protectol BN 98
Protectol BN 99
Ultra-Fresh SAB
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
2-Nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
Acticide L 30
BE 6
BE 6 (bactericide)
BNPD
BNPK
Bactrinashak
Bactrinol 100
Bactronol
Bioban
Bioban BP Plus
Bronidiol
Bronocot
Bronotak
Busan 1144
Canguard 409
Bronopol
Bronopol 0
Broken Ball
Bronopol BNPD
Bioban BNPD-40
3-diol (Bronopol)
2-BroMo-2-nitropropane-1
2-bromo-2-nitro-3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
3-Propanediol,2-bromo-2-nitro-1
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-1-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
1,3-Propanediol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-
beta-Bromo-beta-nitrotrimethyleneglycol
Bronopol(2-BroMo-2-nitro-1,3-propanedio1)
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
2-Nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
Acticide L 30
BE 6
BE 6 (bactericide)
BNPD
BNPK
Bactrinashak
Bactrinol 100
Bactronol
Bioban
Bioban BP Plus
Bronidiol
Bronocot
Bronotak
Busan 1144
Canguard 409
Myacide AS
Myacide AS Plus
Myacide BT
Myacide Pharma BP
N 25
N 25 (antimicrobial)
NSC 141021
Nalco 92RU093
Onyxide 500
Preventol P 100
Protectol BN 98
Protectol BN 99
Pyceze
Topcide 2520
Ultra-Fresh SAB
1,3-Propanediol-2-Bromo-2-Nitro
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bronopol
2-nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
b-Bromo-bnitrotrimethyleneglycol
Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
Bronidiol
Bronocot
Bronopol
Bronosol
Lexgard bronopol
Myacide AS
Onyxide 500
1,3-Propanediol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-
200-143-0
2-Brom-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol [UN3241]
4-01-00-02501 [Beilstein] 52-51-7 [RN]
WNXE1Q1Q [WLN]
133248-96-1 [RN]
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol
2-bromo-2-nitro-propane-1,3-diol
Bioban
Bioban
BNPD-40 (Salt/Mix)
BNPD
BNPK
Bronidiol
Bronocot
Bronopolu
BRONOSOL
Bronotak
Canguard 409
Lexgard
bronopol
MFCD00007390
Myacide AS plus
Myacide BT
Myacide Pharma BP
Onyxide 500
TY3385000
WLN : WNXE1Q1Q
β-Bromo-β-nitrotrimethyleneglycol


2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, often abbreviated as "Bronopol," is a synthetic organic compound with antimicrobial properties.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a white crystalline solid that is used primarily as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in various products.
The chemical formula for 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is C3H6BrNO4, and its systematic IUPAC name is 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol.

CAS Number: 52-51-7
Molecular Formula: C3H6BrNO4
Molecular Weight: 199.99
EINECS Number: 200-143-0

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is effective against a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
When 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol comes into contact with water, it releases bromine ions, which have antimicrobial properties.
This makes it useful for preventing microbial contamination and extending the shelf life of products in various industries, including personal care products, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, and more.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, is an organic compound with wide-spectrum antimicrobial properties.
First synthesized in 1897, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was primarily used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals and was registered in the United States in 1984 for
use in industrial bactericides, slimicides and preservatives.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a microbicide or microbiostat in various commercial and industrial applications, including oil field systems, air washer systems, air conditioning or humidifying systems, cooling water systems, papermills, absorbent clays, metal working fluids, printing inks, paints, adhesives and consumer products.

Compared to other aliphatic halogen-nitro compounds, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is more stable to hydrolysis in aqueous media under normal conditions.
The inhibitory activity against various bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was demonstrated in vitro.
The agent is largely available commercially as an antibacterial for a variety of industrial purposes while it is predominantly available for purchase
as a pet animal litter antibacterial at the domestic consumer level.

Nevertheless, ongoing contemporary re-evaluations of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol use in large markets such as Canada now place various compositional and product restrictions on the use of the agent in cosmetic products and in other products where it may not primarily be used in the role of a nonmedicinal preservative antimicrobial.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was rapidly absorbed in animal studies.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol may be absorbed via aerosol inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion 6.

In rats, approximately 40% of the topically applied dose of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was absorbed through the skin within 24 hr 6.
Following oral administration of 1 mg/kg in rats, the peak plasma concentrations of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol were reached up to 2 hours post-dosing.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol undergoes degradation in aqueous medium to form bromonitroethanol from a retroaldol reaction with the liberation of an equimolar amount of formaldehyde 4.

Formaldehyde is a degradation product of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, which may cause sensitization 6.
Bromonitroethanol further decomposes to formaldehyde and bromonitromethane.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol may also break down to release a nitrite ion and 2-bromoethanol.

Metabolism studies indicate that 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is primarily excreted in the urine 9.
In rats, about 19% of dermally-applied 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was excreted in the urine, feces and expired air 6.
Following oral administration of 1 mg/kg radiolabelled bronopol in rats, approximately 81% and 6% of the administered radioactivity was recovered in the urine and expired air, respectively, within a period of 24 hours 5.

Following intravenous administration in rat, the recoveries in the urine and expired air were 74% and 9% of the dose, respectively
The half-life of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol in the biological systems is not reported in the literature.
The half-life value reported for 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol reflects the environment fate of the compound.

When released into the air as vapours, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals where the half life for this reaction is approximately 11 days 6.
The photolysis half-life is 24 hours in water but may be up to 2 days under natural sunlight
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, or 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, is an organic compound with wide-spectrum antimicrobial properties.

First synthesized in 1897, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was primarily used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals and was registered in the United States in 1984 for use in industrial bactericides, slimicides and preservatives.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is synthesized through a series of chemical reactions.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is typically produced by the bromination of 2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, resulting in the introduction of a bromine atom into the molecule.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is usually found in the form of white crystalline powder or flakes. It is odorless and has a slightly bitter taste.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol works by releasing bromine ions (Br-) when it dissolves in water.
These bromine ions are effective at disrupting the metabolic processes of microorganisms, leading to their inhibition or destruction.

This antimicrobial action makes it valuable in preventing bacterial and fungal growth in various products and industrial applications.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, which means it can target a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, and molds.
The regulatory status of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol varies by country and application.

In some regions, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is approved for use as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in specific products, while in others, its use may be restricted or subject to certain concentration limits due to safety concerns.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has faced scrutiny and controversy due to potential safety issues.
One concern is its capacity to release formaldehyde under certain conditions, which has led to health and environmental concerns.

As a result, regulatory authorities and industry standards organizations have imposed restrictions and guidelines on its use.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol works by releasing bromine ions when it comes into contact with water, and these ions have antimicrobial properties that help to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been used in cosmetics, toiletries, shampoos, soaps, and pharmaceuticals to extend the shelf life of these products and prevent spoilage or degradation due to microbial contamination.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an organic compound that is used as an antimicrobial.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a white solid although commercial samples appear yellow.
The first reported synthesis of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was in 1897.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was invented by The Boots Company PLC in the early 1960s and first applications were as a preservative for pharmaceuticals.
Due to its low mammalian toxicity at in-use levels and high activity against bacteria, especially Gram-negative species, bronopol became popular as a preservative in many consumer products such as shampoos and cosmetics.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was subsequently adopted as an antimicrobial in other industrial environments such as paper mills, oil exploration, and production facilities, as well as cooling water disinfection plants.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, is an aliphatic halogenonitro compound with potent antibacterial activity but limited activity against fungi(Guthrie, 1999).
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol activity is reduced somewhat by 10% serum and to a greater extent by sulphydryl compounds, but is unaffected by 1% polysorbate or 0.1% lecithin.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has a half-life of about 96 daysat pH 8 and 25oC (Toler, 1985).

Due to safety concerns surrounding Bronopol, some manufacturers and industries have sought alternatives for antimicrobial and preservative purposes.
This has led to the development and adoption of other preservatives and antimicrobial agents that may be considered safer.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was invented by The Boots Company PLC in the early 1960s and first applications were as a preservative for pharmaceuticals.

Due to its low mammalian toxicity at in-use levels and high activity against bacteria, especially Gram-negative species, bronopol became popular
as a preservative in many consumer products such as shampoos and cosmetics.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was subsequently adopted as an antimicrobial in other industrial environments such as paper mills, oil exploration, and production facilities, as well as cooling water disinfection plants.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is produced by the bromination of di(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane, which is derived from nitromethane by a nitroaldol reaction.
World production increased from the tens of tonnes in the late 1970s to current estimates in excess of 5,000 tonnes.
Manufacturing today is the business of low cost producers, mainly in China.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in consumer products as an effective preservative agent, as well as a wide variety of industrial applications (almost any industrial water system is a potential environment for bacterial growth, leading to slime and corrosion problems - in many of these systems
bronopol can be a highly effective treatment).
The use of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol in personal care products (cosmetics, toiletries) has declined since the late 1980s due to the potential formation of nitrosamines.

While 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is not in itself a nitrosating agent, under conditions where it decomposes (alkaline solution and/or elevated temperatures) it can liberate nitrite and low levels of formaldehyde and these decomposition products can react with any contaminant secondary amines or amides in a personal care formulation to produce significant levels of nitrosamines (due to the toxicity of these substances, the term 'significant' means levels as low as 10s of parts per billion).

Manufacturers of personal care products are therefore instructed by regulatory authorities to avoid the formation of nitrosamines which might mean removing amines or amides from the formulation, removing bronopol from a formulation, or using nitrosamine inhibitors.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been restricted for use in cosmetics in Canada.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is supplied as crystals or crystalline powder, which may vary from white to pale yellow in colour depending on the grade.

The yellow coloration is due to chelation of iron during the manufacturing process.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is reportedly very effective against grampositive and gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as against fungi and yeasts.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol may release formaldehyde and cross-reacts with other formaldehyde-releasing substances.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol BP is a white and almost white crystalline powder that is soluble in water.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as an effective preservative agent and possesses a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity and inhibits the growth of fungi and yeasts.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used in the formulation of a wide variety of cosmetic and personal care products, especially in leave-on and rinse-off shampoos, creams, lotions, rinses and eye makeup to protect the product integrity by preventing or slowing bacterial growth.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is produced by the bromination of di(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane, which is derived from nitromethane by a nitroaldol reaction.
World production increased from the tens of tonnes in the late 1970s to current estimates in excess of 5,000 tonnes.
Production today is the business of low cost producers, mainly in China.

As a pure material, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has a melting point of about 130 °C.
However, due to its polymorphic characteristics, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol undergoes a lattice rearrangement at 100 to 105 °C and this can often be wrongly interpreted as the melting point.
At temperatures above 140 °C, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol decomposes exothermically releasing hydrogen bromide and oxides of nitrogen.

Melting point: 130-133 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 358.0±42.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 2.0002 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.6200 (estimate)
Flash point: 167°C
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility: H2O: soluble100mg/mL, clear, colorless to faintly yellow
pka: 12.02±0.10(Predicted)
form Crystals or Crystalline Powder
color: White to yellow
Odor: odorless
Water Solubility: 25 g/100 mL (22 ºC)
Merck: 14,1447
BRN: 1705868
Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents, acid chlorides and anhydrides, moisture.
LogP: 1.150 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 52-51-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: 2-BROMO-2-NITRO-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
FDA 21 CFR: 176.300

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an organic compound that belongs to the family of nitro compounds.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a white to off-white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a slightly bitter taste.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is widely used as a preservative in various cosmetic and personal care products, such as shampoos, hair conditioners, body washes, and skin creams, to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol works by releasing formaldehyde, which is toxic to microorganisms, in small amounts over time.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has also been used as a biocide in industrial applications, such as cooling water systems, oil drilling fluids, and paper processing, to prevent microbial growth and contamination.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been approved for use as a preservative in cosmetic and personal care products by regulatory agencies such as the US FDA, but its use has been restricted in some countries due to concerns over its potential to release formaldehyde, which is a known carcinogen.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol cause significant reductions in the activity of bronopol, and cysteine hydrochloride may be used as the deactivating agent in preservative efficacy tests; lecithin/polysorbate combinations are unsuitable for this purpose.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is incompatible with sodium thiosulfate, with sodium metabisulfite, and with amine oxide or protein hydrolysate surfactants.
Owing to an incompatibility with aluminum, the use of aluminum in the packaging of products that contain 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol should be avoided.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is supplied as crystals or crystalline powder, which may vary from white to pale yellow in colour depending on the grade.
The yellow coloration is due to chelation of iron during the manufacturing process.
Under extreme alkaline conditions, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol decomposes in aqueous solution and very low levels of formaldehyde are produced.

Liberated formaldehyde is not responsible for the biological activity associated with 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol.
Other decomposition products detected after bronopol breakdown are bromide ion, nitrite ion, bromonitroethanol and 2-hydroxymethyl-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol.
At concentrations of 12.5 to 50 μg/mL, bronopol mediated an inhibitory activity against various strains of Gram negative and positive bacteria in vitro 3.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, or bronopol is an organic compound with wide-spectrum antimicrobial properties.
First synthesized in 1897, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was primarily used as a preservative for pharmaceuticals and was registered in the United States in 1984 for use in industrial bactericides, slimicides and preservatives.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a microbicide or microbiostat in various commercial and industrial applications, including oil field systems, air washer systems, air conditioning or humidifying systems, cooling water systems, papermills, absorbent clays, metal working fluids, printing inks, paints, adhesives and consumer products.

Compared to other aliphatic halogen-nitro compounds, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is more stable to hydrolysis in aqueous media under normal conditions.
The inhibitory activity against various bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was demonstrated in vitro.
The agent is largely available commercially as an antibacterial for a variety of industrial purposes while it is predominantly available for purchase
as a pet animal litter antibacterial at the domestic consumer level.

Nevertheless, ongoing contemporary re-evaluations of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol use in large markets such as Canada now place various compositional and product restrictions on the use of the agent in cosmetic products [L873] and in other products where it may not primarily be used in the role of a non-medicinal preservative antimicrobial.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol as an active ingredient is registered as a commercial biocide and preservative in many industrial processes.
Registered biocidal uses include pulp and paper mills, water cooling towers, waste water treatment, evaporative condensers, heat exchangers,
food pasteurizing plants, metalworking fluids, and oilfield applications.

In addition, preservative uses include household products (e.g., dishwashing liquids, laundry products), latex emulsions, polymer lattices,
pigments, leather and milk samples for analysis.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is also formulated into granular domestic end-use products in the form of cat litter.
At concentrations of 12.5 to 50 μg/mL, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol mediated an inhibitory activity against various strains of Gram negative and positive bacteria in vitro.

The bactericidal activity is reported to be greater against Gram-negative bacteria than against Gram-positive cocci.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was also demonstrated to be effective against various fungal species, but the inhibitory action is reported to be minimal compared to that of against bacterial species.
The inhibitory activity of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol decreases with increasing pH of the media.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol also elicits an anti-protozoal activity, as demonstrated with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in vitro and in vivo.
It is proposed that 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol affects the survival of all free-living stages of I.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol also elicits an anti-protozoal activity, as demonstrated with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in vitro and in vivo 2.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is proposed that bronopol affects the survival of all free-living stages of I.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a bactericide with limited effectiveness against fungal organisms.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is active against Pseudomonas species and should be used at a pH of 5 to 8.8, below the application temperature of 45 ° C.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has a complex mechanism of action that attacks thiol groups in cells, suppressing respiration and cellular metabolism.
Research indicates that 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a corrosive eye irritant and moderate to severe skin irritant in rabbits.
The fate of the environment and the ecological consequences of the use of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol are moderately highly toxic for estuarine / marine invertebrates; slightly toxic to marine fish; slightly toxic to birds with acute oral ingestion.

However, no quantitative risk assessment has been carried out.
The risk to the aquatic environment is being addressed under the NPDES permitting program by the Water Resources Authority.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is now required that labels on all products containing Bronopol meet NPDES requirements.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is proposed that bronopol generates biocide-induced bacteriostasis followed by a growth at an inhibited rate in bacteria, via two distinct reactions between bronopol and essential thiols within the bacterial cell 1.
Under aerobic conditions, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol catalyzes the oxidation of thiol groups, such as cysteine, to disulfides.

This reaction is accompanied by rapid consumption of oxygen, where oxygen acts as the final oxidant.
During the conversion of cysteine to cystine, radical anion intermediates such as superoxide and peroxide are formed from bronopol to exert a direct bactericidal activity.
The oxidation of excess thiols alters the redox state to create anoxic conditions, leading to a second reaction involving the oxidation of intracellular thiols such as glutathione to its disulfide.

Mechanism of action
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is proposed that bronopol generates biocide-induced bacteriostasis followed by a growth at an inhibited rate in bacteria, via two distinct reactions between bronopol and essential thiols within the bacterial cell.
Under aerobic conditions, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol catalyzes the oxidation of thiol groups, such as cysteine, to disulfides.

This reaction is accompanied by rapid consumption of oxygen, where oxygen acts as the final oxidant.
During the conversion of cysteine to cystine, radical anion intermediates such as superoxide and peroxide are formed from 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol to exert a direct bactericidal activity.
The oxidation of excess thiols alters the redox state to create anoxic conditions, leading to a second reaction involving the oxidation of intracellular thiols such as glutathione to its disulfide.

The resulting effects are inhibition of enzyme function, and reduced growth rate following the bacteriostatic period.
Under the anoxic conditions, the reaction between thiol and bronopol decelerates without the involvement of oxygen and the consumption of
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol predominates.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is ultimately removed from the reaction via consumption and resumption of bacterial growth occurs

Uses
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is frequently used in cosmetics, toiletries, shampoos, soaps, lotions, and other personal care products to inhibit the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol helps extend the shelf life of these products and maintain their quality.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in some household and industrial mold and mildew control products, such as sprays and coatings, to prevent the growth of mold and mildew on surfaces.
In addition to its use in drilling fluids, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be employed in oil and gas production facilities to control microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and maintain the integrity of pipelines and equipment.

In the pharmaceutical industry, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is employed to preserve the integrity of drugs and prevent microbial contamination in formulations like eye drops, creams, and ointments.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been used as reference standard in ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (UPLC-ICP-MS) method for determination of bromine containing preservatives from cosmetic products.
First synthesized in 1897, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol was primarily used as an effective preservative agent and possesses a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity and inhibits the growth of fungi and yeasts.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used in the formulation of a wide variety of cosmetic and personal care products, especially in leave-on and rinse-off shampoos, creams, lotions, rinses and eye makeup to protect the product integrity by preventing or slowing bacterial growth.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a microbiocide/microbiostat in oil field systems, air washer systems, air conditioning/humidifying systems, cooling water systems, papermills, absorbent clays, metal working fluids, printing inks, paints, adhesives and consumer/institutional products.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol a formulating technical material is also registered.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in consumer products as an effective preservative agent, as well as a wide variety of industrial applications (almost any industrial water system is a potential environment for bacterial growth, leading to slime and corrosion problems - in many of these systems bronopol can be a highly effective treatment).
The use of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol in personal care products (cosmetics, toiletries) has declined since the late 1980s due to the potential formation of nitrosamines.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in water treatment systems to control the growth of bacteria and algae in cooling towers, swimming pools, and industrial water systems.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in the oil and gas industry to prevent bacterial growth in drilling fluids, pipelines, and storage tanks.
Microbial growth can lead to corrosion and other issues.

Some paint and coating formulations include 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol to prevent microbial contamination, which can cause spoilage and degradation.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a microbiocide/microbiostat in oil field systems, air washer systems, air conditioning/humidifying systems, cooling water systems, papermills, absorbent clays, metal working fluids, printing inks, paints, adhesives and consumer/institutional products.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as a preservative in various cosmetic and household products due to its high activity against gram-negative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other pseudomonads.

These organisms are common water dwellers and can cause pollution and deterioration problems.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is an effective antibacterial preservative in a wide pH range.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is stable at acidic pH values and is also useful as a labile antibacterial preservative in an alkaline environment.

Due to its broad spectrum antibacterial activity, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can also be used as an active agent, for example in aerosol preparations.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is often used in cosmetics, toiletries, shampoos, soaps, lotions, and other personal care products to prevent the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and molds.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol helps extend the shelf life of these products and maintains their quality.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in some pharmaceutical formulations to preserve the integrity of drugs and prevent contamination by microorganisms.
This is especially important for products like eye drops, ointments, and creams.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in water treatment systems to control the growth of bacteria and algae in cooling towers, swimming pools, and industrial water systems.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in paper and pulp processing to prevent microbial growth during the papermaking process.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can protect wood products, such as lumber and wood composites, from fungal and bacterial decay during storage and transportation.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been used as a preservative in certain agricultural products like fertilizers and pesticides.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be added to adhesives and sealants to prevent microbial growth, ensuring the longevity and quality of these products.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in cooling and lubricating fluids, such as metalworking fluids and cutting oils, to control bacterial and fungal growth, which can cause degradation and odor.
In the leather industry, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used to inhibit microbial growth during the tanning and processing of hides and skins.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used to protect wood products from fungal and bacterial decay.
In agriculture, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been used as a preservative for certain agricultural products, such as fertilizers and pesticides.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be added to adhesives and sealants to prevent microbial growth, ensuring the longevity and quality of these products.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in cooling and lubricating fluids, such as metalworking fluids and cutting oils, to control bacterial and fungal growth, which can cause degradation and odor.
In the leather industry, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be used to inhibit microbial growth during the tanning and processing of hides and skins.
While not a common use, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been employed in some food processing applications to control microbial contamination.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol use in the food industry is less prevalent compared to other food preservatives due to safety concerns.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol may be used in certain medical and healthcare products to prevent microbial contamination.
This includes items like contact lens solutions and some medical devices.

Some household cleaning products, including disinfectants and sanitizers, may contain 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol as an active ingredient to kill or inhibit the growth of germs and bacteria.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in cooling water systems, such as those in industrial facilities and power plants, to prevent microbial fouling and corrosion, which can damage equipment and reduce efficiency.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be added to laboratory reagents and solutions to inhibit microbial contamination and ensure the accuracy and reliability of experiments and tests.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used in various oilfield chemicals, including drilling fluids, to control bacteria and fungi that can thrive in the harsh conditions of oil and gas wells.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol may be applied in wood processing to protect logs and timber from decay and microbial infestation during storage and transportation.
Some printing inks incorporate 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol to prevent the growth of microorganisms, ensuring the quality of printed materials.

While less common, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol has been employed in some food processing applications to control microbial contamination.
However, its use in the food industry is limited due to safety concerns.
Some household cleaning products, including disinfectants and sanitizers, may contain 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol as an active ingredient to kill or inhibit the growth of germs and bacteria.

Safety Profile:
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
Direct contact with the skin or eyes may result in irritation, redness, and discomfort.
Some individuals may develop sensitization to 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol upon repeated exposure, which can lead to allergic reactions such as dermatitis.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol dust or aerosols can irritate the respiratory system, leading to coughing, throat irritation, and difficulty breathing.
Under certain conditions, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can release formaldehyde, which is classified as a known carcinogen.
Formaldehyde exposure can have adverse health effects on the respiratory system and may contribute to cancer risk.

Environmental Concerns:
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is a biocide that can be harmful to aquatic ecosystems if released into water bodies.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol can be toxic to aquatic organisms and may have a negative impact on aquatic life.

When working with 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, it is crucial to follow safety precautions, including wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety goggles, using it in well-ventilated areas, and avoiding direct skin contact or inhalation of dust or vapors.
Due to safety concerns, regulatory authorities in some regions have imposed restrictions on the use of 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol in certain applications.

2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is essential to be aware of and comply with local regulations and guidelines regarding its use.
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol should not be used in combination with other chemicals or products without ensuring compatibility.
Incompatibilities can lead to hazardous reactions or reduced effectiveness.

Storage:
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from incompatible materials and sources of heat or ignition.

Disposal:
Proper disposal methods for 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol should be followed to minimize environmental impact.
Consult local regulations and guidelines for guidance on safe disposal.

Synonyms
bronopol
52-51-7
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
Bronosol
Bronocot
Bronidiol
Bronopolu
Bronotak
Lexgard bronopol
Onyxide 500
Bronopolum
1,3-Propanediol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-
2-Nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanediol
C3H6BrNO4
Caswell No. 116A
Bronopolu [Polish]
BNPD
MFCD00007390
beta-Bromo-beta-nitrotrimethyleneglycol
Bioban
NSC 141021
Bronopolum [INN-Latin]
HSDB 7195
Myacide AS
Myacide AS plus
Myacide BT
Bronopol [INN:BAN:JAN]
EINECS 200-143-0
UNII-6PU1E16C9W
Myacide Pharma BP
Canguard 409
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 216400
NSC-141021
BNPK
BRN 1705868
6PU1E16C9W
DTXSID8024652
CHEBI:31306
AI3-61639
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol
Nalco 92RU093
UN3241
DTXCID904652
EC 200-143-0
1,2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
NCGC00164057-01
BRONOPOL (MART.)
BRONOPOL [MART.]
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol [UN3241] [Flammable Solid]
CAS-52-51-7
Pyceze
2-Bronopol
Bioban BP Plus
Ultra-Fresh SAB
bronopol (DCI)
Bactrinol 100
Protectol BN 98
Protectol BN 99
2-bromo-2-nitro-propane-1,3-diol
Acticide L 30
Preventol P 100
BE 6 (bactericide)
Topcide 2520
Bronopol (JAN/INN)
N 25 (antimicrobial)
BRONOPOL [HSDB]
BRONOPOL [INN]
BRONOPOL [JAN]
BRONOPOL [MI]
BRONOPOL [VANDF]
WLN: WNXE1Q1Q
1, 2-bromo-2-nitro-
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (Bronopol)
BRONOPOL [WHO-DD]
Bronopol [BAN:INN:JAN]
SCHEMBL23260
C3-H6-Br-N-O4
BE 6
Bioban BNPD-40 (Salt/Mix)
CHEMBL1408862
SCHEMBL16556987
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-13-diol
LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-13-diol
AMY8948
2-Bromo-2-nitro-13-propanediol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropan-1 3-diol
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1 3-propanediol
2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanodiol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1 3-diol
2-bromo-2-nitropropano-1 3-diol
2-Bromo-2-nitropropano-1,3-diol
2-Nitro-2-bromo-1 3-propanediol
2-nitro-2-bromo-1,3-propanodiol
HY-B1217
Tox21_112079
Tox21_300126
BDBM50248122
LS-172
NA3241
NSC141021
s4553
1,3-propanodiol, 2-bromo-2-nitro-
2-bromanyl-2-nitro-propane-1,3-diol
AKOS003606838
CCG-213823
CS-4699
DB13960
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 216400
NCGC00164057-02
NCGC00164057-03
NCGC00253984-01
AS-11889
N 25
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, 98%
.beta.-Bromo-.beta.-nitrotrimethyleneglycol
B1247
Bronopol, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
FT-0611399
D01577
E85247
EN300-141420
AB01563195_01
2-BROMO-2-NITROPROPANE-1,3-DIOL [INCI]
A829125
SR-01000944249
Q-200765
Q2462902
SR-01000944249-1
2-Bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
BUTYLOCTANOL, N° CAS : 3913-02-8, Nom INCI : BUTYLOCTANOL, Nom chimique : 2-Butyloctan-1-ol, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 223-470-0. Humectant : Maintient la teneur en eau d'un cosmétique dans son emballage et sur la peau. Solvant : Dissout d'autres substances. 1-Octanol, 2-butyl-; 2-butyloctan-1-ol; 2-Butyloctanol; BUTYLOCTANOL. : 2-Butyl-1-n-octanol; Butyloctyl alcohol, 2-; Isofol 12; 1-Octanol, 2-butyl- [ACD/Index Name]; 223-470-0 [EINECS]; 2-Butyl-1-octanol ; 2-Butyl-1-octanol [German] ; 2-Butyl-1-octanol [French] ; 2-Butyloctan-1-ol; 3913-02-8 [RN]; Butyloctanol (-)-Tetramisole hydrochloride (±)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo(2,1-b)thiazole (±)-tetramisole (±)-Tetramisole 2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenyl-(±)-Imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole 2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenyl-(S)-Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole 2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenyl-imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole 2-butyl-1-n-octanol 2-butyl-1-octanol 95% 2-Butyloctanol 2-Butyloctyl alcohol 3913-2-8 4-01-00-01855 [Beilstein] 5-(Hydroxymethyl)undecane 5-Hydroxymethylundecane 6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo(2,1-b)thiazole 6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole Dexamisole [USAN] dl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo(2,1-b)thiazole dl-Tetramisol dl-Tetramisole Isododecyl alcohol Ketrax Michel XO-150-12 Nilverm base Phenyl imidothiazole Tetramisol Tetramisole Tetramisole hydrochloride Tetramisolo Tetramisolo [DCIT] Tetramisolum
2-BROMOPROPANE
2-Bromopropane is also known as 75-26-3, 2-bromo-propane, isopropyl bromide, Propan-2-bromo with Molecular Formula of C3H7Br and Molecular Weight of 122.99168.
2-Bromopropane is manufactured by heating isopropyl alcohol with HBr and is available in colorless liquid form.
2-Bromopropane is also used as an intermediate to form alkylated amines and alkylated metallic compounds.

CAS Number: 75-26-3
EC Number: 200-855-1
Molecular Formula: 13C3H7Br
Molecular Weight: 125.97

2-Bromopropane, also known as isopropyl bromide and 2-propyl bromide, is the halogenated hydrocarbon with the formula CH3CHBrCH3.
2-Bromopropane is a colorless liquid.

2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.
2-Bromopropane is prepared by heating isopropanol with hydrobromic acid.

2-Bromopropane serves as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis.
2-Bromopropane is also used as an intermediate to form alkylated amines and alkylated metallic compounds.

Further, 2-Bromopropane acts as a solvent for industrial cleaning, degreasing, metal processing and finishing, electronics, aerospace and aviation, aerosols, textiles, adhesives and inks.
In addition, 2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.

2-Bromopropane is also known as 75-26-3, 2-bromo-propane, isopropyl bromide, Propan-2-bromo with Molecular Formula of C3H7Br and Molecular Weight of 122.99168.
2-Bromopropane is manufactured by heating isopropyl alcohol with HBr and is available in colorless liquid form.

2-Bromopropane is an organobromide compound.
2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.

2-Bromopropane is sometimes used as an alternative to ozone-depleting cleaning solvents such as chlorofluorocarbons.
2-Bromopropane is prepared by heating isopropanol with hydrobromic acid.

2-Bromopropane is also known as 75-26-3, 2-bromo-propane, isopropyl bromide, Propan-2-bromo with Molecular Formula of C3H7Br and Molecular Weight of 122.99168.
2-Bromopropane is manufactured by heating isopropyl alcohol with HBr and is available in colorless liquid form.

Some of 2-Bromopropane properties include Boiling Point of 59-60°C, Melting Point of -89.0°C, Density/Specific Gravity of 1.31 at 20°C/4°C with miscible solubility with chloroform, ether, alcohol, benzene; slight solubility in acetone and in water (3,180 mg/L at 20°C).
Further, 2-Bromopropane has Surface Tension of 3.5348X10-2 N/m at melting point, Vapor Density of 4.27 (Air=1) and Vapor Pressure of 216 mm Hg at 25°C.

2-Bromopropane, also known as isopropyl bromide or 2-propyl bromide, is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.

2-Bromopropane has proved to be a useful reagent for amino acids dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide/sodium hydride, except for the determination of arginine.
Methylation of acids with diazomethane has also been used for metabolic profiling despite the formation of artefacts.

Resin-mediated methylation of polyfunctional acids found in fruit juices has also proved successful.
Fumaric, succinic, malic, tartaric, isocitric and citric acids, isolated from fruit juices by trapping onto anionic ion exchange resins, can be efficiently converted to methyl esters by reaction with methyl iodide in both supercritical carbon dioxide and acetonitrile.

To provide for the analysis of even short chain fatty acids in serum, a procedure has been developed with benzyl bromide.
This has been successfully employed for serum and urine organic acid profiling.
The method cannot be used for citric acid or sugar-related acids.

Exposure to 2-Bromopropane has been associated with adverse reproductive effects in men and women.
There are also some reports suggesting that maternal formaldehyde exposure is related to delayed conception and miscarriage, and exposure to trinitrotoluene or trichloroethylene may be harmful for the reproductive health of men.
Formamide, dimethylformamide and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone have also been shown to cause fetotoxic and teratogenic effects in laboratory animals, but there are no data on their effects in humans.

In summary, the epidemiologic evidence suggests that high maternal exposure to solvents may represent a hazard for the developing fetus and may impair female fertility.
The results for male fertility are less conclusive.

The findings on individual solvents must also be interpreted with caution, because coincident exposure to several agents makes 2-Bromopropane difficult to ascribe adverse effects to a specific compound.
Nevertheless, the study results are supportive of adverse effects of some glycol ethers, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, benzene and carbon disulfide on reproduction.
2-Bromopropane would be prudent to minimize exposure to organic solvents.

Some of 2-Bromopropane properties include Boiling Point of 59-60°C, Melting Point of -89.0°C, Density/Specific Gravity of 1.31 at 20°C/4°C with miscible solubility with chloroform, ether, alcohol, benzene; slight solubility in acetone and in water (3,180 mg/L at 20°C).
Further, 2-Bromopropane has Surface Tension of 3.5348X10-2 N/m at melting point, Vapor Density of 4.27 (Air=1) and Vapor Pressure of 216 mm Hg at 25°C.

2-Bromopropane, also known as isopropyl bromide and 2-propyl bromide, is the halogenated hydrocarbon with the formula CH3CHBrCH3.
2-Bromopropane is a colorless liquid.

2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.
2-Bromopropane is prepared by heating isopropanol with hydrobromic acid.

Applications of 2-Bromopropane:
2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.
2-Bromopropane is also used as an intermediate to form alkylated amines and alkylated metallic compounds.

Further, 2-Bromopropane acts as a solvent for industrial cleaning, degreasing, metal processing and finishing, electronics, aerospace and aviation, aerosols, textiles, adhesives and inks.
In addition, 2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.

2-Bromopropane is the insecticide fenvalerate, fenvalerate, propoxur, bactericide, rustamine, fluoroamide and herbicide, an intermediate of the phosphorus of sarcandra.
2-Bromopropane is used in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industry

2-Bromopropane is used in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical, pesticide intermediates
2-Bromopropane is used as Grignard reagents and raw materials, intermediates of drugs and dyes are also used in the manufacture of pesticides (bisulfate) and the like.

Uses of 2-Bromopropane:
2-Bromopropane serves as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis.
2-Bromopropane is also used as an intermediate to form alkylated amines and alkylated metallic compounds.

Further, 2-Bromopropane acts as a solvent for industrial cleaning, degreasing, metal processing and finishing, electronics, aerospace and aviation, aerosols, textiles, adhesives and inks.
In addition, 2-Bromopropane is used for introducing the isopropyl functional group in organic synthesis.

2-Bromopropane is used as a freon substitute.
2-Bromopropane is used in organic synthesis.

2-Bromopropane is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyes and other organics.
2-Bromopropane is an industrial and laboratory chemical.

Industry Uses:
Intermediates

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Metal Degreasing

Nature of 2-Bromopropane:
2-Bromopropane is colorless volatile liquid.
2-Bromopropane is relative density is 1. 3140(20 ℃).

2-Bromopropane is melting Point -89 °c.
2-Bromopropane is boiling Point 59. 38 °c.

2-Bromopropane is refractive index 1.4251(20 degrees C).
2-Bromopropane is slightly soluble in water, with alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform miscible.

Preparation of 2-Bromopropane:
2-Bromopropane is commercially available.
2-Bromopropane may be prepared in the ordinary manner of alkyl bromides, by reacting isopropanol with phosphorus and bromine, or with phosphorus tribromide.

Production Method of 2-Bromopropane:
From isopropyl alcohol and hydrobromic acid reaction.
Slowly add isopropyl alcohol into concentrated sulfuric acid under cooling, control the temperature below 30 ℃, add hydrobromic acid after adding, slowly heat and reflux for 4H, and then distill the appearance of oil droplets, the obtained crude product was washed with concentrated sulfuric acid, water and 5% sodium carbonate respectively, then dried, filtered and fractionated with anhydrous sodium carbonate, and the 58.5-60.5 ° C.

Fraction was collected as the finished product.
In addition, there is an isopropyl alcohol-sodium bromide method.
The preparation method is derived from the reaction of isopropyl alcohol and hydrobromic acid.

The reaction equation is as follows:
(CH3)2CHOH + HBr[H2SO4]→(CH3)2CHBr + H2O

Isopropanol is slowly added to concentrated sulfuric acid under cooling, and the temperature is controlled below 30 ℃, after the addition, hydrobromic acid was added, and the mixture was slowly heated and refluxed for 4 h, then distilled until oil droplets appeared.
The crude product was washed with concentrated sulfuric acid, water and 5% sodium carbonate respectively, and then dried with anhydrous sodium carbonate, filtration, fractionation, collection of 58.5~60.5 °c fraction, that is, the finished product.

MeSH Pharmacological Classification of 2-Bromopropane:

Solvents:
Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar.

Mutagens:
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids.
A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.

Stability and Reactivity of 2-Bromopropane:

Reactive Hazard:
None known, based on information available

Stability:
Stable under normal conditions.

Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible products.
Excess heat.
Keep away from open flames, hot surfacesandsources of ignition.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, Strong bases

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Hazardous Polymerization:
Hazardous polymerization does not occur.

Hazardous Reactions:
None under normal processing

Handling and Storage of 2-Bromopropane:

Handling:
Use only under a chemical fume hood.
Wear personal protective equipment/faceprotection.

Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition.

Use only non-sparking tools.
Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment.

Do not breathe (dust, vapor, mist, gas).
Do not ingest.

If swallowed then seek immediate medical assistance.
Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
To avoid ignition of vapors by static electricity discharge, all metal parts of the equipment mustbe grounded.

Storage:
Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place.
Keep away from heat, sparks and flame.

Storage Conditions:
Materials which are toxic as stored or which can decompose into toxic components should be stored in a cool, well ventilated place, out of the direct rays of the sun, away from areas of high fire hazard, and should be periodically inspected.
Incompatible materials should be isolated.

Safety of 2-Bromopropane:
Short-chain alkyl halides are often carcinogenic.

The bromine atom is at the secondary position, which allows the molecule to undergo dehydrohalogenation easily to give propene, which escapes as a gas and can rupture closed reaction vessels.
When this reagent is used in base catalyzed reactions, potassium carbonate should be used in place of sodium or potassium hydroxide.

Fire Fighting Procedures of 2-Bromopropane:

If material on fire or involved in fire:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.

Solid streams of water may be ineffective.
Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.

Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Accidental Release Measures of 2-Bromopropane:

Disposal Methods of 2-Bromopropane:
At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision.
Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Preventive Measures of 2-Bromopropane:

If material on fire or involved in fire:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.

Solid streams of water may be ineffective.
Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.

Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Personnel protection:
Avoid breathing vapors.
Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.
If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Identifiers of 2-Bromopropane:
CAS Number: 75-26-3
Beilstein Reference: 741852
ChEMBL: ChEMBL451810
ChemSpider: 6118
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.778
EC Number: 200-855-1
PubChem CID: 6358
RTECS number: TX4111000
UNII: R651XOV97Z
UN number: 2344
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID7030197
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H7Br/c1-3(2)4/h3H,1-2H3
Key: NAMYKGVDVNBCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC(C)Br

Catalogue Number: B687191
CAS Number: 220505-11-3
Molecular Formula: ¹³C₃H₇Br
Molecular Weight: 125.97

Properties of 2-Bromopropane:
Chemical formula: C3H7Br
Molar mass: 122.993 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 1.31 g mL−1
Melting point: −89.0 °C; −128.1 °F; 184.2 K
Boiling point: 59 to 61 °C; 138 to 142 °F; 332 to 334 K
Solubility in water: 3.2 g L−1 (at 20 °C)
log P: 2.136
Vapor pressure: 32 kPa (at 20 °C)
Henry's law
constant (kH): 1.0 μmol Pa−1 mol−1
Refractive index (nD): 1.4251
Viscosity: 0.4894 mPa s (at 20 °C)

Physical State Liquid
Appearance: Colorless, Light brown
Odor: Odorless
Odor Threshold: No information available
pH: No information available
Melting Point/Range: -89 °C / -128.2 °F
Boiling Point/Range: 59 °C / 138.2 °F @ 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 1 °C / 33.8 °F
Evaporation Rate: No information available
Flammability (solid,gas): Not applicable
Flammability or explosive limits:
Upper: No data available
Lower: 4.6 vol %
Vapor Pressure: 224 mbar @ 20 °C
Vapor Density: No information available
Specific: Gravity 1.310
Solubility: No information available
Partition coefficient; n-octanol/water: No data available
Autoignition: Temperature No information available
Decomposition: Temperature 251 °C
Viscosity: No information available
Molecular Formula: C3 H7 Br
Molecular Weight: 122.99

Physical State: Liquid
Usage: Commerical
Purity: 99% min
Boiling Point: 58-60degree C
Moisture: 0.5% max
Density: 1.31(w/w)

Molecular Weight: 122.99
XLogP3-AA: 1.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 121.97311
Monoisotopic Mass: 121.97311
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Complexity: 10.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 2-Bromopropane:
Product Name: ISO Propyl Bromide/(2 Bromopropane)
Cas No: 75-26-3
Assay: 99% MIN
Test: Standard
Colour: Colourless liquid
Density: 1.31(w/w)
Moisture: 0.5% max
Boiling Point: 58-60°C
Purity: 99% min

Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colourless to pale yellow
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Colour (APHA): max. 30
Assay (GC): min. 99%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C: 1.305-1.315
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.424-1.425
Boiling Range: 58-60°C
Stabilizer (Ag wire): Present

Thermochemistry of 2-Bromopropane:
Heat capacity (C): 135.6 J K mol−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −129 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −2.0537–−2.0501 MJ mol−1

Related compounds of 2-Bromopropane:

Related alkanes:
Bromoethane
1-Bromopropane
tert-Butyl bromide
1-Bromobutane
2-Bromobutane

Related Products of 2-Bromopropane:
Hydroxynorketamine-d6 Hydrochloride
(S)-Ketamine-d6 Hydrochloride
Norketamine-d4
S-(-)-Norketamine-d6 Hydrochloride
Phencyclidine-d5 Hydrochloride

Names of 2-Bromopropane:

Preferred IUPAC name:
2-Bromopropane

Other name:
Isopropyl bromide

Synonyms of 2-Bromopropane:
2-Bromopropane
75-26-3
ISOPROPYL BROMIDE
Propane, 2-bromo-
Isopropylbromide
2-BROMO-PROPANE
sec-Propyl bromide
2-bromo propane
UN2344
R651XOV97Z
MFCD00000147
CCRIS 7919
HSDB 623
EINECS 200-855-1
UNII-R651XOV97Z
i-propylbromide
AI3-18127
2-brompropan
iso-propylbromide
i-propyl bromide
2-bromanylpropane
2-propyl bromide
1-isopropylbromide
iso-propyl bromide
i-PrBr
iso-C3H7Br
1-bromo-1-methylethane
2-Bromopropane, 99%
EC 200-855-1
2-Bromopropane [UN2344] [Flammable liquid]
2-Bromopropane, >=99%
SCHEMBL10251
ISOPROPYL BROMIDE [MI]
CHEMBL451810
DTXSID7030197
2-Bromopropane, analytical standard
AMY37129
ZINC2041293
Tox21_200356
BBL027287
BR1118
STL146524
AKOS000119846
UN-2344
CAS-75-26-3
NCGC00091451-01
NCGC00091451-02
NCGC00257910-01
VS-08520
2-Bromopropane, purum, >=99.0% (GC)
B0639
FT-0611602
EN300-20069
D87619
A838364
Q209323
J-508539
F0001-1897

MeSH Entry Terms of 2-Bromopropane:
2-bromopropane
isopropyl bromide
2-Butanol
cas no: 947-19-3 Ciba Daracure 184; (1-Hydroxycyclohexyl)phenylmethanone; (1-Hydroxycyclohexyl)phenylmethanone; 1-Benzoyl-1-hydroxycyclohexane; 1-Benzoylcyclohexanol; Methanone, (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl-; (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-phenylmethanone;
2-BUTENEDIOIC ACID

2-Butenedioic acid is a colorless, crystalline solid at room temperature.
2-Butenedioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid, meaning it contains two carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups in its molecule.
The molecular formula of 2-butenedioic acid is C4H4O4.
2-Butenedioic acid is an organic compound with a molecular weight of approximately 116.07 g/mol.

CAS Number: 110-16-7
EC Number: 203-742-5



APPLICATIONS


2-Butenedioic acid is commonly used in the production of maleic anhydride, a versatile industrial chemical used in the synthesis of various products.
2-Butenedioic acid serves as a precursor for the production of unsaturated polyester resins, which find applications in fiberglass-reinforced plastics and composite materials.
2-Butenedioic acid is a key ingredient in the formulation of alkyd resins used in coatings, paints, and varnishes.

2-Butenedioic acid is used in the synthesis of specialty polymers, including ion-exchange resins and adhesives.
In the food and beverage industry, 2-butenedioic acid is employed as an acidulant and pH regulator to enhance flavor and adjust acidity.
2-Butenedioic acid is used in the production of tartaric acid, which is an important component in baking powders.

2-Butenedioic acid is utilized in the manufacturing of certain pharmaceuticals and medicinal compounds.
In agriculture, it is employed as a component in the formulation of herbicides and pesticides.

2-Butenedioic acid serves as a chelating agent in various industrial processes, including water treatment and metal cleaning.
2-Butenedioic acid can be used as a cross-linking agent in the production of resins and elastomers.
In the textile industry, it is utilized in the finishing of textiles to improve dyeing properties.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the production of detergents and cleaning agents as a builder and sequestering agent.

2-Butenedioic acid is used in the formulation of specialty adhesives and sealants, contributing to their bonding properties.
2-Butenedioic acid is employed in the synthesis of malic acid, which is used as an acidulant and flavor enhancer in the food industry.
In the manufacture of leather, 2-butenedioic acid is used in the tanning process.

2-Butenedioic acid can serve as a chemical intermediate in the preparation of various organic compounds.
2-Butenedioic acid is used as a pH buffer in laboratory experiments and analytical chemistry.

2-Butenedioic acid is a component in the production of detergents and cleaning products to improve water softening.
In the cosmetic and personal care industry, it can be used in the formulation of skincare and haircare products.
2-Butenedioic acid is used as a corrosion inhibitor in cooling water systems and pipelines.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the formulation of antifreeze and deicing solutions.

2-Butenedioic acid can be employed in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, such as plasticizers and specialty resins.
In the paper and pulp industry, it is used to improve paper quality and as a retention aid.
2-Butenedioic acid can be utilized in the preparation of specialty coatings and films.

2-Butenedioic acid continues to have a wide range of applications across industries, contributing to the development of materials, chemicals, and technologies worldwide.
2-Butenedioic acid is used in the formulation of dental cements and restorative materials in dentistry due to its adhesive properties.
2-Butenedioic acid finds application in the production of specialty inks and printing materials for the graphic arts industry.

In the textile and dyeing industry, it is used as a leveling agent to ensure uniform dye uptake.
2-Butenedioic acid can be employed in the synthesis of maleate esters, which are used as plasticizers in polymer production.

2-Butenedioic acid is used as a reagent in chemical analysis and titration processes for determining the concentration of certain substances.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 2-butenedioic acid serves as a starting material for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
2-Butenedioic acid is used in the production of adhesives for woodworking and construction applications.

2-Butenedioic acid can be found in the formulation of detergents, particularly for hard water conditions.
2-Butenedioic acid is utilized in the preparation of maleate salts for various applications, including pharmaceuticals.
In the pulp and paper industry, it is used to improve the efficiency of the pulping process.

2-Butenedioic acid can serve as a chemical intermediate in the production of specialty chemicals like surfactants.
2-Butenedioic acid is employed in the production of specialty coatings and corrosion-resistant paints.
In the automotive industry, it is used in the manufacture of automotive body fillers.

2-Butenedioic acid is a component in the formulation of cooling water treatment chemicals.
2-Butenedioic acid can be used as a flux in the soldering and welding of metals.
In the field of biotechnology, it can be used in the production of biodegradable polymers.

2-Butenedioic acid is employed in the formulation of synthetic lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the production of ion-selective electrodes used in analytical chemistry.
In the formulation of detergents, it can act as a soil dispersant to prevent re-deposition of dirt on fabrics.

2-Butenedioic acid is used in the preparation of specialty resins for 3D printing and rapid prototyping.
2-Butenedioic acid can serve as a stabilizer and chelating agent in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products.
In the textile industry, it is used in the dyeing process to improve color fastness.
2-Butenedioic acid can be employed as a component in the formulation of specialty glues and adhesives for woodworking and carpentry.

2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the production of specialty detergents for dishwashing and industrial cleaning.
The diverse applications of 2-butenedioic acid make it a valuable compound in various industries, contributing to the development of innovative products and technologies.
2-Butenedioic acid is used in the preparation of electrolyte solutions for lead-acid batteries, helping to enhance their performance.
2-Butenedioic acid is employed in the production of corrosion inhibitors, which are essential for protecting metal surfaces in various industries.

In the oil and gas industry, 2-butenedioic acid is utilized in well stimulation treatments to prevent mineral scale formation.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the formulation of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids used in aircraft and industrial machinery.
In the formulation of cooling and heat transfer fluids, it can help improve their thermal stability and efficiency.

2-Butenedioic acid is used in the synthesis of specialty surfactants, which have applications in cleaning products and detergents.
2-Butenedioic acid can serve as a chelating agent in the treatment of wastewater to remove heavy metal ions.

In the leather industry, it is used in the tanning process to improve leather quality and durability.
2-Butenedioic acid can be employed in the production of specialty ceramics and glass products.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the formulation of adhesives and sealants for construction and automotive applications.
In the manufacturing of rubber products, it is used to improve the adhesion of rubber to various substrates.

2-Butenedioic acid can be found in the formulation of hydraulic fluids for use in heavy machinery.
2-Butenedioic acid is used in the production of specialty detergents for industrial cleaning and degreasing.
In the field of metallurgy, it serves as a component in the pickling solutions used to remove rust and scale from metal surfaces.

2-Butenedioic acid is employed in the formulation of cutting fluids for machining operations.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the preparation of specialty ceramics and refractory materials used in high-temperature applications.
In the agriculture industry, it is used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure and nutrient retention.

2-Butenedioic acid can serve as a reagent in the synthesis of specialty chemicals used in the electronics industry.
2-Butenedioic acid is used in the formulation of specialty coatings for corrosion protection and anti-fouling applications.
In the petrochemical industry, it is employed in the removal of hydrogen sulfide from gas streams.
2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the formulation of cutting-edge catalysts used in chemical processes.

2-Butenedioic acid is used in the preparation of specialty fertilizers to provide essential nutrients to plants.
In the construction industry, it is employed in the production of specialty mortars and grouts.
2-Butenedioic acid can be found in the formulation of specialty cleaning agents for industrial equipment.
Its diverse applications across industries highlight its importance in various chemical processes, materials development, and product innovations.



DESCRIPTION


2-Butenedioic acid, also known as maleic acid, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H4O4.
2-Butenedioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid, which means it contains two carboxyl functional groups (-COOH) in its molecular structure.
2-Butenedioic acid is an unsaturated compound and is often used in various chemical reactions and industrial processes.

2-Butenedioic acid is a colorless, crystalline solid at room temperature.
2-Butenedioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid, meaning it contains two carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups in its molecule.
The molecular formula of 2-butenedioic acid is C4H4O4.
2-Butenedioic acid is an organic compound with a molecular weight of approximately 116.07 g/mol.
2-Butenedioic acid is soluble in water and many polar organic solvents.

2-Butenedioic acid has a pungent, acidic odor and a sour taste.
The structure of 2-butenedioic acid contains a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) and two carboxyl groups.
The double bond in 2-butenedioic acid gives it its characteristic unsaturated nature.

2-Butenedioic acid is used in the synthesis of various chemicals, including specialty polymers and resins.
2-Butenedioic acid is a common precursor for the production of maleic anhydride, an important industrial chemical.
2-Butenedioic acid can form salts and esters when it reacts with bases and alcohols, respectively.
In its pure form, 2-butenedioic acid is a stable compound, but it can undergo isomerization to its cis-isomer, fumaric acid, under certain conditions.

2-Butenedioic acid is used as an acidulant in the food and beverage industry to enhance flavor and as a preservative.
2-Butenedioic acid is also used in the production of various pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals.
In the field of polymer chemistry, 2-butenedioic acid serves as a building block for the synthesis of specialty polymers.
The double bond in 2-butenedioic acid makes it a valuable starting material for the production of unsaturated polyester resins.

2-Butenedioic acid is a key component in the manufacture of alkyd resins used in coatings and paints.
2-Butenedioic acid can undergo polymerization reactions to form polymeric materials with diverse properties.
2-Butenedioic acid is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, contributing to their adhesive properties.

In the pharmaceutical industry, 2-butenedioic acid is used in the synthesis of certain medications.
2-Butenedioic acid is a chemical reagent in various organic reactions, allowing for the introduction of carboxyl groups into organic molecules.
2-Butenedioic acid can be used as a pH regulator and buffering agent in laboratory and industrial processes.

2-Butenedioic acid plays a role in the production of specialty chemicals and materials across a wide range of industries.
2-Butenedioic acid's versatility and reactivity make it an essential compound in chemical research and industrial applications.
Proper handling and storage procedures should be followed when working with 2-butenedioic acid to ensure safety and efficacy in various processes.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: C4H4O4
Molecular Weight: 116.07 g/mol
Physical State: Crystalline solid at room temperature
Color: Colorless to white
Odor: Slightly pungent odor
Taste: Sour
Melting Point: 135-139°C (275-282°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 1.59 g/cm³
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone; slightly soluble in ether
pKa (First Acidic Hydrogen): ~1.5
pKa (Second Acidic Hydrogen): ~6.1
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: A dicarboxylic acid with two carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups.
Functional Groups: Two carboxyl groups (-COOH) on adjacent carbon atoms with a cis configuration.
Acidity: Maleic acid is a weak acid and can release two protons (H+) in solution.
Isomerization: Can isomerize to its cis-isomer, fumaric acid, under certain conditions.
Reactivity: It can react with bases to form salts and with alcohols to form esters.
Unsaturated Bond: Contains a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in its structure.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person from the contaminated area to fresh air immediately.
Ensure that the person is breathing and has an unobstructed airway.
If breathing difficulties persist or the person exhibits signs of respiratory distress, seek immediate medical attention.
While awaiting medical help, provide oxygen if trained to do so and if available.


Skin Contact:

If 2-butenedioic acid comes into contact with the skin, immediately remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use mild soap if available, but avoid scrubbing the skin, as it may exacerbate irritation.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, blistering, or chemical burns develop.
Cover the affected area with a sterile bandage or dressing if necessary to prevent contamination.


Eye Contact:

If 2-butenedioic acid contacts the eyes, immediately rinse the affected eye(s) with gently flowing lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
Hold the eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing of the eye.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so after the initial rinse.
Seek immediate medical attention from an eye specialist (ophthalmologist).
Continue rinsing the eye(s) with water while awaiting medical help.
Do not delay seeking medical attention, as eye injuries can worsen over time.


Ingestion:

If 2-butenedioic acid is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water and encourage the affected person to drink water or milk.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for guidance.
Provide medical professionals with information about the chemical ingested and its concentration if available.



SYNONYMS


Maleic acid
cis-Butenedioic acid
(Z)-Butenedioic acid
cis-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid
2-Butenedioic acid
(Z)-2-Butenedioic acid
1,2-Ethylene dicarboxylic acid
Toxilic acid
Maleinic acid
Hydrogen maleate
Maleinsaeure (German)
Maleate
1,4-Butenedioic acid
cis-1,2-Dicarboxyethylene
But-2-enedioic acid
Malenic acid
Malic acid
Methylenesuccinic acid
Methylenesuccinate
Z-Butenedioic acid
Malonate
2-Butene-1,4-dioic acid
Methylenesuccinic acid
Cis-maleic acid
Maleinic acid
Ethylene dicarboxylic acid
cis-1,2-Butenedioic acid
Hydrogen cis-butenedioate
Z-But-2-enedioic acid
1,2-Butenedicarboxylic acid
Cis-Butene-1,2-dioic acid
2-Butene-1,2-dioic acid
Ethene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Dihydroxyethene acid
Methylenedicarboxylic acid
Toxilic acid
Ethene dicarboxylic acid
Hydrogen cis-butenedioate
2-Butenedioic acid, cis-
Malonylformic acid
Z-2-Butenedioic acid
Ethene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Dihydroxyethylene acid
1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid
Methene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
2-Butene-1,4-dioic acid
Ethene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
Malonate
2-Butenedioate
Butenedioic acid, cis-
Methylenesuccinic acid
cis-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid
cis-1,2-Dicarboxyethylene
2-Butenedioic acid (Z)
Hydrogen cis-butenedioate
cis-Butenedioate
Maleinic acid
Maleinik kiselina (Serbian)
Maleinsaeure (German)
Methylenesuccinate
Methylenesuccinic acid
Toxilic acid
Maleinska kislina (Slovenian)
2-Butenedioic acid, cis-
Cis-maleic acid
Cis-1,2-butenedioic acid
Ethene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Ethene dicarboxylic acid
Methene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Cis-2-Butenedioic acid
2-Butene-1,2-dioic acid
Maleic acid, cis-
Maleate, hydrogen
Malonic acid
Methylenesuccinic acid
2-BUTOXYETHANOL
DESCRIPTION:

2-Butoxyethanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula BuOC2H4OH (Bu = CH3CH2CH2CH2).
2-Butoxyethanol has a sweet, ether-like odor, as it derives from the family of glycol ethers, and is a butyl ether of ethylene glycol.
2-Butoxyethanol appears as a colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.



CAS NUMBER: 111-76-2

EC NUMBER: 203-905-0

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C6H14O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 118.17




DESCRIPTION:

2-Butoxyethanol has less dense than water.
2-Butoxyethanol's flash point is 160 °F.
2-Butoxyethanol can irritate skin and eyes and may be toxic by ingestion.
2-Butoxyethanol is used as a solvent and to make paints and varnish.
2-Butoxyethanol is a primary alcohol that is ethanol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a butoxy group.
2-Butoxyethanol is used as a solvent for paints and inks, as well as in some dry cleaning solutions.

2-Butoxyethanol is a colorless liquid with a mild odor.
2-Butoxyethanol can harm the eyes, skin, kidneys, and blood. Workers may be harmed from exposure to 2-butoxyethanol.
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.
Mainly 2-Butoxyethanol is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, spray paint, quick-drying paint, varnish, enamel and paint remover.
2-Butoxyethanol can also be used as fiber wetting agent, pesticide dispersing agent, resin plasticizer and organic synthesis intermediate.

One of the main industrial uses of 2-Butoxyethanol is as a solvent in protective surface coatings, such as spray lacquers, quick-dry lacquers and enamels, as well as water-based varnishes and latex paints.
2-Butoxyethanol helps decrease the overall thickness of a varnish or paint to help enable smoother application.
2-Butoxyethanol is a reagent for the determination of iron and molybdenum.
2-Butoxyethanol is a colorless liquid and possess a sweet and ether-like odor.
2-butoxyethanol has been used since the 1930’s.

2-Butoxyethanol can be used as a mutual solvent since it has surfactant properties.
Also 2-Butoxyethanol has been used in different industries such as: business, petroleum and more.
2-Butoxyethanol, also known as ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C₆H₁₄O₂.
2-Butoxyethanol is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.
2-Butoxyethanol is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial and household products due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.
2-Butoxyethanol is often used in household and industrial cleaning products such as window cleaners, degreasers, and all-purpose cleaners due to its effectiveness in breaking down grease, oils, and dirt.

2-Butoxyethanol is used as a solvent in printing inks, particularly in screen printing and flexographic inks.
2-Butoxyethanol's used as a component in paints, varnishes, and coatings to help improve their viscosity, flow, and drying properties.
In industrial settings, 2-Butoxyethanol's used as a solvent for cleaning machinery, equipment, and surfaces in manufacturing and production processes.
2-Butoxyethanol might be used in certain cosmetic and personal care products, although its use in this category has become less common due to concerns about potential health risks.

As it mentioned before, because 2-Butoxyethanol contains low acute toxicity, it can be disposed of incineration.
2-butoxyethanol comes from some industrial activities.
2-Butoxyethanol is usually produced by a reaction of ethylene oxide with butyl alcohol, but it may also be made by the reaction of ethylene glycol with dibutyl sulfate.
2-butoxyethanol is widely used as a solvent in protective surface coatings such as spray lacquers, quick-dry lacquers, enamels, varnishes, and latex paints.
Also, this product can pass into air from water and soil.

In the atmosphere, 2-butoxyethanol probably exists almost entirely as a vapor.
2-Butoxyethanol is a clear, colorless oily liquid with a high boiling point, low volatility and slightly fruity odour.
As with other glycol ethers, 2-Butoxyethanol is bifunctional, containing an ether and an alcohol group in the same molecule.
2-Butoxyethanol is completely miscible with water and a wide variety of organic solvents.
This excellent miscibility makes it a versatile solvent and coupling agent offering excellent performance properties in a wide range of applications.
2-Butoxyethanol use is dominated by the paint industry, which consumes about 75% of all BG produced.

This is because 2-Butoxyethanol is a low volatility solvent and therefore prolongs the drying times of coatings and increases the flow.
Other applications are as a solvent in printing inks and textile dyes and as a component of hydraulic fluids.
2-Butoxyethanol is also a component of drilling and cutting oils and is a key component of Corexit 9527, an oil spill dispersant product.
2-Butoxyethanol is also a chemical intermediate and therefore a starting material in the production of butyl glycol acetate, which is itself an excellent solvent.
2-Butoxyethanol is also the starting material in the production of plasticizers by the reaction of phthalic anhydride.
2-Butoxyethanol is also something used regularly in most households, as it is an ingredient in many household cleaning products.

2-Butoxyethanol provides very good cleaning power for household cleaning products and also provides a characteristic odor associated with most of these products.
2-Butoxyethanol also plays the same role in some industrial and commercial surface cleaners.
2-Butoxyethanol is widely used as a solvent and coupling agent in water-based paints, coatings and inks.
2-Butoxyethanol improves the flow of products and prolongs drying times.

2-Butoxyethanol is preferred in many products due to its mild fragrance.
2-Butoxyethanol acts as a solvent and coupling agent in many waxes, resins, oils and textile dyes and is used in many industrial, commercial and household cleaning products that offer the good cleaning power and fragrance typically associated with such products.
2-Butoxyethanol is an important starting material for various syntheses, which is one of the raw materials for the production of butyl glycol acetate and for the production of plasticizers by reaction with phthalic anhydride.
2-Butoxyethanol is also formulated in insecticides, herbicides, pesticides and cosmetics, and forms an ingredient in hydraulic fluids and cutting and drilling oils.

Its bifunctional nature also means exhibiting the reactions typical of an alcohol, ie. esterification, etherification, oxidation and formation of an ether with acetates and alcoholates, which forms peroxides in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.
2-Butoxyethanol is produced by the reaction of ethylene oxide with normal butanol (n-butanol) in the presence of a catalyst.
2-Butoxyethanol is a flammable material. Keep the product and empty containers away from heat, sparks and flames. Keep in accordance with good industry practices for safety and hygiene.

2-Butoxyethanol is used in many industries.
2-Butoxyethanol is used as a solvent and is found in paint strippers, thinners, and household cleaners.
2-Butoxyethanol has a role as a protic solvent.
2-Butoxyethanol is a primary alcohol and a glycol ether.

As a relatively nonvolatile, inexpensive solvent, 2-Butoxyethanol is used in many domestic and industrial products because of its properties as a surfactant.
2-Butoxyethanol is a known respiratory irritant
2-Butoxyethanol is commonly obtained through two processes; the ethoxylation reaction of butanol and ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst.

C2H4O + C4H9OH → C4H9OC2H4OH


2-Butoxyethanol can be obtained in the laboratory by performing a ring opening of 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane with boron trichloride.
2-Butoxyethanol is often produced industrially by combining ethylene glycol and butyraldehyde in a Parr reactor with palladium on carbon.
In 2006, the European production of 2-Butoxyethanol ethers amounted to 181 kilotons, of which approximately 50% (90 kt/a) was 2-butoxyethanol. World production is estimated to be 200 to 500 kt/a, of which 75% is for paints and coatings and 18% for metal cleaners and household cleaners.
In the US, 2-Butoxyethanol is considered a high production volume chemical because more than 100 million pounds of this chemical are produced per year.
2-Butoxyethanol is a glycol ether with modest surfactant properties, which can also be used as a mutual solvent.

2-Butoxyethanol is a clear, colorless and flammable liquid that is used as a solvent.
Solvents soften and disperse soils so that you can remove them without having to use as much “elbow grease”.
2-Butoxyethanol is part of a family called “glycol ethers“.
2-Butoxyethanol is a clear liquid with an ether-like odour.
2-Butoxyethanol itself is not commercially produced in Canada.
2-Butoxyethanol is widely used in a range of commercial and consumer products, such as paints, cleaning products and solvents, as well as in some industrial applications.




USES:

-Commercial uses:

2-Butoxyethanol is a solvent for paints and surface coatings, as well as cleaning products and inks.
Products that contain 2-butoxyethanol include acrylic resin formulations, asphalt release agents, firefighting foam, leather protectors, oil spill dispersants, degreaser applications, photographic strip solutions, whiteboard and glass cleaners, liquid soaps, cosmetics, dry cleaning solutions, lacquers, varnishes, herbicides, latex paints, enamels, printing paste, and varnish removers, and silicone caulk.
Products containing this compound are commonly found at construction sites, automobile repair shops, print shops, and facilities that produce sterilizing and cleaning products.

2-Butoxyethanol is the main ingredient of many home, commercial and industrial cleaning solutions.
Since the molecule has both polar and non-polar ends, 2-butoxyethanol is useful for removing both polar and non-polar substances, like grease and oils.
2-Butoxyethanol is also approved by the U.S. FDA to be used as direct and indirect food additives, which include antimicrobial agents, defoamers, stabilizers, and adhesives.


-In the petroleum industry:

2-Butoxyethanol is commonly produced for the oil industry because of its surfactant properties.[14]
In the petroleum industry, 2-butoxyethanol is a component of fracturing fluids, drilling stabilizers, and oil slick dispersants for both water-based and oil-based hydraulic fracturing.
When liquid is pumped into the well, the fracturing fluids are pumped under extreme pressure, so 2-butoxyethanol is used to stabilize them by lowering the surface tension.

As a surfactant, 2-butoxyethanol absorbs at the oil-water interface of the fracture.
2-Butoxyethanol is also used to facilitate the release of the gas by preventing congealing.
2-Butoxyethanol is also used as a crude oil–water coupling solvent for more general oil well workovers.



USAGE AREAS:

-fragrance
-solvents
-viscosity controlling agents



APPLICATIONS:

-Used as a solvent for paints, inks, components of metal cleaners, and raw materials for dye dispersants
-2-Butoxyethanol is mainly used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, spray paint, quick drying paint, varnish, enamel and paint remover
-Can also be used as fiber wetting agent, pesticide dispersant, resin plasticizer, organic synthesis intermediates
-Determination of iron and molybdenum reagents
-Improves emulsifying properties and auxiliary solvents that dissolve mineral oil in the soap.
-Used as a reagent and solvent for the determination of iron and molybdenum, it is also used to separate calcium and strontium from nitrates.



PRODUCT INFORMATION:

-CAS number: 111-76-2
-Molecular weight: 118.17
-Molecular formula: C6H14O2
-SMILES: CCCCOCCO
-Purity: 99%+
-Apparence: Colorless clear liquid




CHARACTERISTICS:

-PSA: 29.46000
-XLogP3: 0.7954
-Appearance: Transparent liquid
-Density: 0.9012 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
-Melting Point: -74.8 °C
-Boiling Point: 168.4 °C
-Flash Point: 140 °F
-Refractive Index: n20/D 1.419(lit.)
-Water Solubility: Miscible



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 118.17 g/mol
-XLogP3: 0.8
-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
-Rotatable Bond Count: 5
-Exact Mass: 118.099379685 g/mol
-Monoisotopic Mass: 118.099379685 g/mol
-Topological Polar Surface Area: 29.5Ų
-Heavy Atom Count: 8
-Complexity: 37.5
-Isotope Atom Count: 0
-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes




PROPERTIES:

-vapor density: 4.1 (vs air)
-vapor pressure: -Assay: ≥95% (GC)
-form: liquid
-autoignition temp.: 473 °F
-expl. lim.: 10.6 %
-color: APHA: ≤40
-refractive index: n20/D 1.419 (lit.)
-pH: 7 (20 °C in H2O, as aqueous solution)
-bp: 169-172.5 °C (lit.)
-mp: −75 °C (lit.)
-transition temp: flash point 67 °C
-solubility: 900 g/L (completely miscible)
-density: 0.9 g/cm3 at 20 °C, 0.902 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
-shipped in: ambient
-storage temp.: room temp
-SMILES string: CCCCOCCO
-InChI: 1S/C6H14O2/c1-2-3-5-8-6-4-7/h7H,2-6H2,1H3
-InChI key: POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
-Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
-Specific Gravity: 0.89900 to 0.90500 @ 25.00 °C.
-Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.481 to 7.531
-Refractive Index: 1.41600 to 1.42200 @ 20.00 °C.
-Melting Point: -74.80 °C. at 760.00 mm Hg
-Boiling Point: 168.40 °C. at 760.00 mm Hg
-Vapor Pressure: 0.880000 mmHg at 25.00 °C.
-Vapor Density: 4.1 ( Air = 1 )
-Flash Point: 140.00 °F. TCC ( 60.00 °C. )
-logP (o/w): 0.830



SPECIFICATIONS:

-CAS Min %: 98.5
-CAS Max %: 100.0
-Melting Point: -70.0°C
-Density: 0.9010g/mL
-Boiling Point: 171.0°C
-Flash Point: 62°C
-Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
-Assay Percent Range: 98.5% min. (GC)
-Packaging: Glass Bottle
-Refractive Index: 1.4180 to 1.4200
-Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)3OCH2CH2OH



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Melting point: -70 °C
-Boiling point: 171 °C
-density: 0.902 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
-vapor density: 4.1 (vs air)
-vapor pressure: -refractive index: n20/D 1.419(lit.)
-Fp: 140 °F
-storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
-solubility: 900g/l completely miscible
-form: Liquid
-pka: 14.42±0.10(Predicted)
-color: Clear
-PH: 7 (H2O, 20℃)(as aqueous solution)
-Odor: Mild, characteristic; slightly rancid; mild ethereal.



STORAGE:

Keep away from open flames、and high temperature.



SYNONYM:

2-Butoxyethanol
111-76-2
2 Butoxyethanol
Butyl cellosolve
Butyl glycol
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER
2-Butoxyethanol
111-76-2
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER
Butyl glycol
Butyl cellosolve
Butoxyethanol
n-Butoxyethanol
Ethanol, 2-butoxy-
Ethylene glycol butyl ether
Butyl oxitol
Dowanol EB
Glycol butyl ether
Glycol ether eb
3-Oxa-1-heptanol
2-butoxyethan-1-ol
EGBE
2-Butoxy-1-ethanol
Gafcol EB
2-n-Butoxyethanol
O-Butyl ethylene glycol
Jeffersol eb
Butyl cellu-sol
BUCS
Ektasolve EB
Glycol monobutyl ether
Chimec NR
2-Butoxy ethanol
2-Butossi-etanolo
2-Butoxy-aethanol
Butylcelosolv
Butylglycol
Butoksyetylowy alkohol
2-Butoxy-ethanol
Ethylene glycol n-butyl ether
EGMBE
Monobutyl glycol ether
Monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol
Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether
n-Butyl Cellosolve
.beta.-Butoxyethanol
9004-77-7
Butyl monoether glycol
Butylcelosolv [Czech]
Caswell No. 121
Butyglycol
Monobutyl ethylene glycol ether
2-n-Butoxy-1-ethanol
Ether alcohol
Ethylene glycol, monobutyl ether
Butyl icinol
g lycol ether eb
beta-Butoxyethanol
2 -Butoxyethanol
Minex BDH
Butylglycol [French,German]
2-Butoxy-aethanol [German]
NSC 60759
2-Butossi-etanolo [Italian]
2-Hydroxyethyl n-butyl ether
Butoxyethanol, 2-
ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether
Ektasolve EB solvent
CCRIS 5985
HSDB 538
2-Butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether)
Butoksyetylowy alkohol [Polish]
2-Butoxyethan(ol-d)
2-Butoxyethanol--d4
Ek tasolve EB solvent
Eter monobutilico del etilenglicol
Glycol ether eb acetate
EINECS 203-905-0
UNII-I0P9XEZ9WV
UN2369
I0P9XEZ9WV
Butyl 2-hydroxyethyl ether
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 011501
Ether monobutylique de l'ethyleneglycol
BRN 1732511
AI3-0993
AI3-09903
Eter monobutilico del etilenglicol [Spanish]
DTXSID1024097
Ethylene glycol mono butyl ether
CHEBI:63921
Ether monobutylique de l'ethyleneglycol [French]
NSC-60759
2-BUTOXY(ETHANOL-13C2)
EC 203-905-0
EC 500-012-0
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE)(2-Butoxyet)
DTXCID904097
2-BUTOXY ETHANOL (ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER)
butylcellosolve
CAS-111-76-2
SMR001253761
n-butoxyethanol sodium salt
Butyloxitol
2-Butoksyetanol
2-Butoxietanol
EB Solvent
2- butoxyethanol
3-oxaheptan-1-ol
Etanol, 2-butoxi-
2-(n-Butoxy)ethanol
BuOCH2CH2OH
EGM (CHRIS Code)
Ethylene glycol monobutyl
2-Butoxyethanol
2-(1-Butyloxy) ethanol
Aethylenglycolmonobuthylaether
BUTOXYETHANOL
2-Butoxy-aethanol
SCHEMBL15712
Ethyleneglycol-monobutyl ether
MLS002174253
MLS002454362
WLN: Q2O4
BUTYL CELLOSOLVE
Butyglycol
ethylene glycol-monobutyl ether
CHEMBL284588
QSPL 003
2-BUTOXYETHANOL
2-BUTOXYETHANOL
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, 99%
2-butoxyethanol (butyl cellosolve)
NSC60759
(C2-H4-O)mult-C4-H10-O
ther d'thylneglycol et de monobutyle
Tox21_202399
Tox21_300123
LS-539
MFCD00002884
NA2369
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, >=99%
AKOS009028760
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE)
NCGC00090683-01
NCGC00090683-02
NCGC00090683-03
NCGC00090683-04
NCGC00090683-05
NCGC00254083-01
NCGC00259948-01
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE)
B0698
FT-0626297
UVCB substance. IUPAC name not applicable.
EN300-19317
C19355
500-012-0 (NLP #)
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, analytical standard
ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-N-BUTYL ETHER [HSDB]
Q421557
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, for synthesis, 99.0%
J-508565
Butoxyethanol, 2-; (Glycol ether EB; Xtraction II)
Butoxyethanol, 2-; (Glycol ether EB; Xtraction II)
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) (2-Butoxyethanol)
Ethylene glycol butyl ether, spectrophotometric grade, >=99.0%
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether




TRADE NAME:

2-Butoxyethanol
2-butoxy-1-ethanol
3-oxa-1-heptanol
3-oxo-1-heptanol
BG
BGE
BuOX
Butyl CELLOSOLVE™ Solvent
Butyl CELLOSOLVE™ Solvent
Butyl Glycol
Butyl Oxitol
Butyl glycol ether
Butylglycol
Butylglycolether
Dowanol EB
EB solvent
EGBE
Glycol Ether EB
Glycol ether EB
butoxyethanol
butyl cellosolve
butyl ethoxol
butyl monoether glycol
butyl oxitol
butylglycol ether
ethylene glycol butyl ether
ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
monobutyl ether
n-butoxyethanol
o-butyl ethylene glycol



PROCESS NAME:

2-butoxyethanol
2-Butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethanol; ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
EGBE
Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
Ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether



IUPAC NAME:

1-Butoxy-2-hydroxyethan
2 butossietanolo
2-buthoxtethanol
2-Bütoksietanol
2-butoxy ethanol
2-butoxy-1-ethanol
2-butoxy-ethanol
2-butoxyehanole
2-Butoxyethan-1-ol
2-butoxyethan-1-ol
2-Butoxyethano
2-BUTOXYETHANOL
2-Butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethanol
2-Butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethanol
2-butoxyethanol (Butyl glycol)
2-butoxyethanol ethylene glycol monobutyl ether butyl cellosolve
2-butoxyethanol, butyl cellosolve, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
2-Butoxyethanol; Butyl glycol; Butyl cellosolve ...
2-butoxyethanol; ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; butyl cellosolve
2-butoxyéthanol
Butoxyethanol
butyl cellosolve





























2-Butyl-1-octanol ( BUTYLOCTANOL)
2-Ethylcaproic acid; alpha-Ethylcaproic acid; Ethylhexanoic acid; Butyl(ethyl)acetic acid; 3-Heptanecarboxylic acid; cas no :149-57-5
2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a colourless, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a commercially significant compound in its own right and as a precursor to other products.


CAS Number: 110-65-6
EC Number: 203-788-6
MDL number: MFCD00002915
Molecular Formula: C4H6O2



SYNONYMS:
But-2-yne-1,4-diol, Butynediol, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-butyne, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, 110-65-6, But-2-yne-1,4-diol, 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-butyne, 1,4-BUTYNEDIOL, Bis(hydroxymethyl)acetylene, 2-Butynediol, 2-Butin-1,4-diol, NSC 834, DTXSID4021921, 2-butyn-1,4-diol, 1,4-Dimethoxyacetylene, AXH202FPQM,
CHEBI:16413, NSC-834, Agrisynth B3D, DTXCID901921, 1,4-Butynediol (VAN), 1,4-Butinodiol, Butynediol-1,4, CAS-110-65-6, HSDB 2004, EINECS 203-788-6, UNII-AXH202FPQM, UN2716, BRN 1071237, AI3-61467, 2-butyne-l,4-diol, but-2-yne-1,4diol, 1,2-Dimethoxyacetylene, 1,4Dihydroxy-2-butyne, 2-butyne-1,4-di-ol, EC 203-788-6, WLN: Q2UU2Q, 1,4-BUTYNE GLYCOL, 4-01-00-02687 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 1,2-Dihydroxydimethylacetylene, NSC834, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, 99%, CHEMBL3187551, 1,4-BUTYNEDIOL [HSDB], Tox21_201284, Tox21_302875, MFCD00002915, AKOS000118736, UN 2716, NCGC00249014-01, NCGC00256535-01, NCGC00258836-01, 1,4-Butynediol [UN2716], B0749, NS00009569, EN300-19323, Butynediol 1,4-Butynediol 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, C02497, E78871, Q209328, J-002458, F0001-0223, InChI=1/C4H6O2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, butynediol, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-butyne, 1,4-butynediol, bis hydroxymethyl acetylene, 2-butynediol, 2-butin-1,4-diol, agrisynth b3d, unii-axh202fpqm, 1,4-butynediol van, Bis(hydroxymethyl)acetylene, But-2-yne-1,4-diol, 1,4-Butynediol, 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-butyne, 2-Butynediol, Butynediol, 2-Butin-1,4-diol, UN 2716, 1,2-Dimethoxyacetylene, NSC 834, NSC 834, 2-Butynediol 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, Bis(hydroxymethyl)acetylene, UN 2716, 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-butyne, 2-Butynediol, But-2-yne-1,4-diol, Butynediol, Bis (hydroxymethyl) acetylene, 1,2-Dimethoxyacetylene, 1,4-Butynediol, 2-Butin-1,4-diol, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, 1,4-Butynediol, Butynediol, Bis(hydroxymethyl)acetylene, 2-Butynediol, 1,4-Dihydroxy-2-butyne, NSC 834, BYD, BOZ, But-2-yne-1,4-diol, 1,4-BUTYNEDIOL, Butynediol, 2-BUTYN-1,4-DIOL, 2-Butin-1,4-diol, Dihydroxydimethylacetylene, 2-Butynediol, agrisynthb3d,



2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a colorless to slightly yellow solid, and is almost odorless.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is completely soluble with water in all proportions.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is an organic compound that is an alkyne and a diol.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a colourless, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a commercially significant compound in its own right and as a precursor to other products.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol appears as white to light-brown solid or brownish-yellow aqueous solution.


Solid sinks and mixes with water.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a butynediol that is but-2-yne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 4.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 tonnes per annum.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is an organic compound combinding an alkyne and a dioland is a precursor to 1,4-Butanediol.
The Boiling point of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is at 238°C and melting point at 52-55°C.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is hygroscopic.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong acids and strong bases.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a butynediol that is but-2-yne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 4.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol appears as white to light-brown solid or brownish-yellow aqueous solution.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is water soluble.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is an organic compound that is an alkyne and a diol.
This yellow crystalline solid, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol, is soluble in water and ethanol.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used primarily in the synthesis of organic compounds.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a colorless, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used basic brightener in nickel electroplating baths, also an important intermediate for organic synthesis; corrosion inhibitor; defoliant ; polymerization accelerator; stabilizer for chlorinated hydrocarbons; cosolvent for paint and varnish removal.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, coating products, metal surface treatment products and laboratory chemicals.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used for the manufacture of: metals, fabricated metal products and electrical, electronic and optical equipment.
Other release to the environment of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, water treatment chemicals, pH regulators and water treatment products, coating products and metal surface treatment products.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Release to the environment of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used in the following products: metal surface treatment products, washing & cleaning products, coating products and laboratory chemicals.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, chemicals.
Release to the environment of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).


Release to the environment of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a precursor to 1,4-butanediol and 2-butene-1,4-diol by hydrogenation.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is also used in the manufacture of certain herbicides, textile additives, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, synthetic resins, and polyurethanes.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is the major raw material used in the synthesis of vitamin B6.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is also used for brightening, preserving, and inhibiting nickel plating.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol reacts with a mixture of chlorine and hydrochloric acid to give mucochloric acid, HO2CC(Cl)=C(Cl)CHO (see mucobromic acid).


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used as a precursor to prepare 1,4-butanediol, 2-butene-1,4-diol and mucochloric acid.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is also used in textile additives, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, synthetic resins and polyurethanes.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is an important raw material of vitamin B6.


Further, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used for brightening, preserving and inhibiting nickel plating.
In addition, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used in biological studies for nematocidal activity.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is mainly used in the manufacturing of pesticides, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, synthetic resins and polyurethanes.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used as a precursor to prepare 1,4-butanediol, 2-butene-1,4-diol and mucochloric acid.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is also used in textile additives, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, synthetic resins and polyurethanes.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is an important raw material of vitamin B6.


Further, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used for brightening, preserving and inhibiting nickel plating.
In addition, 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used in biological studies for nematocidal activity.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used to produce butanedioland butenediol, in metal plating andpickling baths, and in making the carbamateherbicide Barban (Carbyne).


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is extensively used in the cycloaddition reactions such as the homologation method for the preparation of substituted acenes, rhodium and iridium-catalyzed [2+ 2+ 2] inter and intramolecular cyclotrimerization.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol can also be used in the total synthesis of (−)-isolaurallene, (−)-amphidinolide P and bistramide A.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a precursor to 1,4-butanediol.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is also used in the manufacture of plant protection agents, pesticides, textile additives, corrosion inhibitors, platicizers, synthetic resins, and polyurethanes.


2-Butyne-1,4-diol is used in biological studies for nematocidal activity.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol uses and applications include: Corrosion inhibitor in acid pickles and cleaners; pharmaceuticals intermediate; electroplating brightener; defoliant; polymerization accelerator; stabilizer for chlorinated hydrocarbons; cosolvent for paint and varnish removal; synthesis of histamine and pyridoxine; alternative route for vitamin B6; emulsifier Suggested storage of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol: Hygroscopic



SOLUBILITY OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, methanol.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is slightly soluble in ethyl ether and chloroform.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is insoluble in benzene.



SYNTHESIS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is carried out by reaction under pressure of acetylene and an aqueous solution of formaldehyde, catalyzed by copper acetylide.



STORAGE OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol can be stored in steel, aluminum, nickel, glass, epoxy, and phenolic liner containers.
Rubber hose may be used for transfer.
Avoid contact with heavy metal salt contaminants.



PURIFICATION METHODS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
Crystallise the diol from EtOAc.



CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is a yellow solid.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol is soluble in water, acidic solution, ethanol and acetone, slightly soluble in chloroform, insoluble in benzene and ether.



SYNTHESIS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol can be produced in the Reppe synthesis, where formaldehyde and acetylene are the reactants:
2 CH2O + HCCH → HOCH2CCCH2OH
Several patented production methods use copper bismuth catalysts coated on an inert material.
The normal temperature range for the reaction is 90°C up to 150°C, depending on the pressure used for the reaction which can range from 1 to 20 bar.



FUNCTIONS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
*Emulsifier ,
*Accelerator ,
*Acid ,
*Stabilizer



REACTIVITY PROFILE OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
Pure 2-Butyne-1,4-diol is non-explosvie.
Small amounts of certain impurities-alkali hydroxides, alkaline earth hydroxides, halides-may cause explosive decomposition upon distillation.
2-Butyne-1,4-diol should not be treated with basic catalysts in the absence of a solvent at room temperature, and its stability is less with elevated temperatures.
In strong acids, contamination with mercury salts can also result in violent decomposition



SYNTHESIS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
2-Butyne-1,4-diol can be produced in the Reppe synthesis, where formaldehyde and acetylene are the reactants:
2 CH2O + HC≡CH → HOCH2CCCH2OH
Several patented production methods use copper bismuth catalysts coated on an inert material.
The normal temperature range for the reaction is 90 °C up to 150 °C, depending on the pressure used for the reaction which can range from 1 to 20 bar.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
Chemical formula: C4H6O2
Molar mass: 86.090 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless crystalline solid
Density: 1.11 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)
Melting point: 58 °C (136 °F; 331 K)
Boiling point: 238 °C (460 °F; 511 K)
Solubility in water: 3740 g/L
Molecular Weight: 86.09 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -1.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 86.036779430 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 86.036779430 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 40.5Ų

Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 66
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS number: 110-65-6
EC index number: 603-076-00-9
EC number: 203-788-6
Hill Formula: C₄H₆O₂
Molar Mass: 86.09 g/mol
HS Code: 2905 39 90

Boiling point: 125 - 127 °C (3 hPa)
Density: 1.04 - 1.05 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 152 °C
Ignition temperature: 410 °C
Melting Point: 56 - 58 °C
pH value: 4 - 7.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 23 °C)
Vapor pressure: Bulk density: 500 kg/m3
Solubility: 3740 g/l
Physical State :Solid
Solubility :Soluble in water (3740 mg/ml at 20° C),
alcohol, ether, benzene, and acetonez.
Storage :Desiccate at room temperature
Melting Point :53-58° C (lit.)
Boiling Point :238° C (lit.)
Density :1.04 g/cm3

Refractive Index :n20D 1.48
Physical state: crystalline
Color: beige
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 53 - 58 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 238 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 152 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 4 - 7,5 at 100 g/l at 23 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available

Water solubility: 3.740 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: -0,73 at 25 °C
Vapor pressure: < 0,1 hPa at 55 °C
Density: 1,04 - 1,05 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Systematic Name:2-Butyne-1,4-diol
EPA Registry Name:2-Butyne-1,4-diol
IUPAC Name:But-2-yne-1,4-diol
Internal Tracking Number:26849
CAS Number:110-65-6
Substance Type:Chemical Substance
Molecular Formula:C4H6O2

Molecular Weight:86.09 g/mol
Beilstein Number: 1071237
MDL: MFCD00002915
XlogP3-AA: -1.10 (est)
Molecular Weight: 86.09022000
Formula: C4 H6 O2
Appearance: pale brown to brownish-yellow solid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 50.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 238.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.008000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 306.00 °F. TCC ( 152.22 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.093 (est)
Soluble in: water, 7.958e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
CAS Min % 98.5
CAS Max % 100.0
Melting Point: 54.0°C to 58.0°C

Color: Yellow
Density: 1.2000g/mL
Boiling Point: 238.0°C
Flash Point: 152°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 98.5% min. (GC)
Linear Formula: HOCH2C≡CCH2OH
Refractive Index: 1.4804
Beilstein: 01, I, 261
Specific Gravity: 1.2
Solubility Information Solubility in water: 2960g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: soluble in aqueous acids,soluble in alcohol and acetone,
insoluble in ether and benzene,soluble in polar solvents
Formula Weight: 86.09
Percent Purity: 99%
Physical Form: Crystalline Platelets or Flakes
Chemical Name or Material: 2-Butyne-1, 4-diol

Melting point: 54 °C
Boiling point: 238 °C(lit.)
Density: 1.2
vapor pressure: refractive index: 1.4804
Flash point: 306 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: 3740g/l
form: Crystalline Platelets or Flakes
pka: 12.72±0.10(Predicted)
color: slightly brown
PH: 4-7.5 (100g/l, H2O, 23℃)
Water Solubility: 3740 g/L (20 ºC)
BRN: 1071237
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 0.1 ppm; STEL 0.3 ppm
OSHA: TWA 0.75 ppm; STEL 2 ppm
NIOSH: IDLH 20 ppm; TWA 0.016 ppm; Ceiling 0.1 ppm
Stability: Stable.

LogP: -0.73 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 110-65-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1-2
FDA UNII: AXH202FPQM
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-Butyne-1,4-diol(110-65-6)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Butyne-1,4-diol (110-65-6)
Name: 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL
CAS Registry Number: 110-65-6
Formula: C4H6O2
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H6O2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H2
InChIKey: DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Instrument Name: BRUKER AC-300
Melting Point: 58C
Molecular Weight: 86.09
Molecular Weight:86.09
Exact Mass:86.09
BRN:1071237

EC Number:203-788-6
UNII:AXH202FPQM
ICSC Number:1733
NSC Number:834
UN Number:2716
DSSTox ID:DTXSID4021921
Color/Form:Plates from benzene and ethyl acetate
White, orthorhombic crystals
WHITE TO LIGHT YELLOW
Yellow scaley solid at 20 °C and 1,013 hPa
HScode:29053980
PSA:40.5
XLogP3:-0.73
Appearance:slightly brown Crystalline Platelets or Flakes
Density:1.1
Melting Point:58 °C

Boiling Point:238 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Flash Point:306 °F
Refractive Index:1.4804
Water Solubility:H2O: 3740 g/L (20 ºC)
Storage Conditions:Refrigerator
Vapor Pressure:Vapor Density:Relative vapour density (air = 1): 3.0
Henrys Law Constant:
Henry's Law constant = 1.684X10-11 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)
Air and Water Reactions:Soluble in water.
Reactive Group:Alcohols and Polyols
Autoignition Temperature:335 °C



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P3
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible
only to qualified or authorized persons.
Air and moisture sensitive.
Handle and store under inert gas.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL
DESCRIPTION:

2-butyne-1,4-diol is an organic compound from the alkyne and diol family .
2-butyne-1,4-diol occurs as colorless to yellow crystals, extremely soluble in water and ethanol .
1,4-butynediol appears as white to light-brown solid or brownish-yellow aqueous solution. Solid sinks and mixes with water.

CAS No 110-65-6
EC No. 203-788-6
IUPAC Name But-2-yne-1,4-diol
Molecular weight : 86.09
Molecular Formula : C4H6O2


SYNONYMS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL
1,4-dihydroxybut-2-yne,2-butin-1,4-diol,2-butyne-1,4-diol,2-Butyne-1,4-diol,110-65-6,But-2-yne-1,4-diol,Butynediol,1,4-Dihydroxy-2-butyne,1,4-BUTYNEDIOL,Bis(hydroxymethyl)acetylene,2-Butynediol,2-Butin-1,4-diol,NSC 834,DTXSID4021921,2-butyn-1,4-diol,1,4-Dimethoxyacetylene,AXH202FPQM,CHEBI:16413,NSC-834,Agrisynth B3D,DTXCID901921,1,4-Butynediol (VAN),Butynediol-1,4 [French],1,4-Butinodiol [Spanish],1,4-Butinodiol,Butynediol-1,4,CAS-110-65-6,2-Butin-1,4-diol [Czech],HSDB 2004,EINECS 203-788-6,UNII-AXH202FPQM,2-Butin-1,4-diol [Czechoslovakia],UN2716,BRN 1071237,AI3-61467,2-butyne-l,4-diolbut-2-yne-1,4diol,1,2-Dimethoxyacetylene,1,4Dihydroxy-2-butyne,2-butyne-1,4-di-ol,EC 203-788-6,WLN: Q2UU2Q,1,4-BUTYNE GLYCOL,4-01-00-02687 (Beilstein Handbook Reference),1,2-Dihydroxydimethylacetylene,NSC834,2-Butyne-1,4-diol, 99%,CHEMBL3187551,1,4-BUTYNEDIOL [HSDB],Tox21_201284,Tox21_302875,MFCD00002915,STL185542,AKOS000118736,UN 2716,NCGC00249014-01,NCGC00256535-01,NCGC00258836-01,1,4-Butynediol [UN2716] [Poison],B0749,NS00009569,EN300-19323,Butynediol 1,4-Butynediol 2-Butyne-1,4-diol,C02497,E78871,Q209328,J-002458,F0001-0223,InChI=1/C4H6O2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H






But-2-yne-1,4-diol is a butynediol that is but-2-yne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 4.
1,4-Butynediol is an organic compound that is an alkyne and a diol.
2-butyne-1,4-diol is a colourless, hygroscopic solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
2-butyne-1,4-diol is a commercially significant compound in its own right and as a precursor to other products.


But-2-yne-1,4-diol is obtained by Reppe synthesis , by reaction of acetylene ( ethyne) with an aqueous solution of formaldehyde (methanal) under pressure (it was thus produced on a large scale from 1941) 7 :
2 VSH2O + VS2H2⟶VS4H6O2
The reaction normally occurs at a temperature between 90 and 150 °C , depending on the pressure applied to the system which ranges from 1 to 20 bar 8 .

Different patented production techniques use catalysts based on copper and bismuth , or even copper acetylide (I) 3 .
Annual European production of butynediol is around 200,000 tonnes 3 .


2-Butyne-1,4-diol (BYD, BBD) is a colorless to slightly yellow solid, and is almost odorless.
It is completely soluble with water in all proportions.
2-Butin-1,4-diol (BYD, BBD) is an organic compound combinding an alkyne and a dioland is a precursor to 1,4-Butanediol.


2-butyne-1,4-diol is mainly used in the manufacturing of pesticides, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, synthetic resins and polyurethanes.
The Boiling point of 2-Butin-1,4-diol (BYD, BBD) is at 238°C and melting point at 52-55°C.



SYNTHESIS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
1,4-Butynediol can be produced in the Reppe synthesis, where formaldehyde and acetylene are the reactants:
2 CH2O + HC≡CH → HOCH2CCCH2OH
Several patented production methods use copper bismuth catalysts coated on an inert material.
The normal temperature range for the reaction is 90 °C up to 150 °C, depending on the pressure used for the reaction which can range from 1 to 20 bar.


APPLICATIONS OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
But-2-yne-1,4-diol is transformed by hydrogenation into but-2-ene-1,4-diol and butane-1,4-diol .
2-butyne-1,4-diol is also a precursor of vitamin B6 .
2-butyne-1,4-diol is also used in the manufacture of medicines, pesticides , herbicides , flame retardants , anti-corrosion agents , plasticizers , synthetic resins and polyurethanes .

2-butyne-1,4-diol is used in galvanizing processes (by nickel or copper ), and to shine and preserve nickel plating.

2-Butyne-1,4-diol is extensively used in the cycloaddition reactions such as the homologation method for the preparation of substituted acenes,[1] rhodium and iridium-catalyzed [2+ 2+ 2] inter and intramolecular cyclotrimerization.

2-butyne-1,4-diol can also be used in the total synthesis of (−)-isolaurallene[4], (−)-amphidinolide P[5] and bistramide A.[


1,4-Butynediol is a precursor to 1,4-butanediol and 2-butene-1,4-diol by hydrogenation.
2-butyne-1,4-diol is also used in the manufacture of certain herbicides, textile additives, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, synthetic resins, and polyurethanes.
2-butyne-1,4-diol is the major raw material used in the synthesis of vitamin B6.
2-butyne-1,4-diol is also used for brightening, preserving, and inhibiting nickel plating.

2-butyne-1,4-diol reacts with a mixture of chlorine and hydrochloric acid to give mucochloric acid, HO2CC(Cl)=C(Cl)CHO (see mucobromic acid).



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL:
Formula C 4 H 6 O 2 [Isomers]
Molar mass 1 86.089 2 ± 0.004 2 g / mol
C 55.81%, H 7.02%, O 37.17%,
Physical properties
Melting temperature 58 °C 2
Boiling temperature 238 °C 2
Solubility 3.740 kg • l -1 (water, 20 °C ) 2
very soluble in ethanol and acetone 3
Volumic mass 1.04 to 1.05 g cm -3 ( 20 ° C 2
Autoignition temperature 335 °C 2
Flash point 136 °C (closed cup) 2
Saturation vapor pressure < 0.1 mbar ( 20 °C) 2
20 mbar ( 145 °C ) 2
Dynamic viscosity -
Molecular Weight
86.09 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3-AA
-1.1
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
0
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
86.036779430 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
86.036779430 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
40.5Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
6
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
66
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
vapor pressure
Quality Level
200
Assay
99%
form
crystals
bp
238 °C (lit.)
mp
53-58 °C (lit.)
SMILES string
OCC#CCO
InChI
1S/C4H6O2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h5-6H,3-4H2
InChI key
DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical name or material 2-Butyne-1, 4-diol
% min. CAS 98.5
% max. CAS 100.0
Fusion point 54.0°C to 58.0°C
Color YELLOW
Density 1,2000g/mL
Boiling point 238.0°C
Flash point 152°C
Spectre IR Authentic
Dosage percentage range 98.5% min. (GC)
CAS number 110-65-6
EC index number 603-076-00-9
EC number 203-788-6
Hill Formula C₄H₆O₂
Molar Mass 86.09 g/mol
HS Code 2905 39 90
Boiling point 125 - 127 °C (3 hPa)
Density 1.04 - 1.05 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point 152 °C
Ignition temperature 410 °C
Melting Point 56 - 58 °C
pH value 4 - 7.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 23 °C)
Vapor pressure Bulk density 500 kg/m3
Solubility 3740 g/l
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Melting range (lower value) ≥ 54 °C
Melting range (upper value) ≤ 57 °C
Identity (IR) passes test
Physical state :
Solid
Solubility :
Soluble in water (3740 mg/ml at 20° C), alcohol, ether, benzene, and acetonez.
STORAGE :
Desiccate at room temperature
Fusion point :
53-58° C (lit.)
Boiling point :
238° C (lit.)
Density :
1.04 g/cm 3
Refractive index :
n 20 D 1.48

2-CHLORO-BENZALDEHYDE
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is a chlorinated derivative of benzaldehyde that is used in production of CS gas.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde reacts with malononitrile to form CS.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is a clear colorless to yellowish liquid.

CAS: 89-98-5
MF: C7H5ClO
MW: 140.57
EINECS: 201-956-3

2-chloro-benzaldehyde has been used in generation of small focused library of diversely functionalized dihydropyrimidine derivatives via one-pot three-component Biginelli cyclocondensation of β-ketoesters, aldehydes and thioureas.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is a compound useful in organic synthesis used in the preparation and antimicrobial activity of indazolone derivatives.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is the simplest representative of the aromatic aldehydes.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is a colorless liquid aldehyde with a characteristic almond odor.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde boils at 180°C, is soluble in ethanol, but is insoluble in water.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is formed by partial oxidation of benzyl alcohol and readily oxidized to benzoic acid and is converted to addition products by hydrocyanic acid or sodium bisulfite.

2-chloro-benzaldehyde is also prepared by oxidation of toluene or benzyl chloride or by treating benzal chloride with an alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is used chiefly in the synthesis of other organic compounds, ranging from pharmaceuticals to plastic additives and benzaldehyde is an important intermediate for the processing of perfume and flavouring compounds and in the preparation of certain aniline dyes.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is the first step in the synthesis for fragrances.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde undergoes simultaneous oxidation and reduction with alcoholic potassium hydroxide, giving potassium benzoate and benzyl alcohol.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is converted to benzoin with alcoholic potassium cyanide, with anhydrous sodium acetate and acetic anhydride, giving cinnamic acid.

Compounds which do not have alpha-hydrogen atoms cannot form an enolate ion and do not undergo electrophilic alpha-substitution and aldol condensation.
Aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde and formaldehyde may undergo disproportionation in concentrated alkali (Cannizaro's reaction); one molecule of the aldehyde is reduced to the corresponding alcohol and another molecule is simultaneously oxidized to the salt of a carboxylic acid.
The speed of the reaction depends on the substituents in the aromatic ring.
Two different types of aldehydes (aromatic and aliphatic) can undergo crossing reaction to form fomaldehyde and aromatic alcohols.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is used as an intermediate for the manufacture of dyestuffs, optical brighteners, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and metal finishing products.

2-chloro-benzaldehyde Chemical Properties
Melting point: 9-11 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 209-215 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.248 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 4.84 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 1.27 mm Hg ( 50 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.566(lit.)
Fp: 190 °F
Storage temp.: Store in RT
Solubility: 1.8g/l
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless to light yellow
PH: 2.9 (H2O)(saturated aqueous solution)
Water Solubility: 0.1-0.5 g/100 mL at 24 ºC
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
BRN: 385877
Stability: Stable. Combustible.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, iron, strong reducing agents.
Moisture and light-sensitive.
LogP: 2.44 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 89-98-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Benzaldehyde, 2-chloro-(89-98-5)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-chloro-benzaldehyde (89-98-5)

2-chloro-benzaldehyde is a colorless to yellowish liquid with a penetrating odor.
Insoluble in water, soluble in benzene, alcohol and ether.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is considerably more resistant to oxidation than benzaldehyde.
When 2-chloro-benzaldehyde is heated with sodium sulfite solution under pressure, benzaldehyde-2-sulfonic acid forms.

Uses
2-chloro-benzaldehyde can be used to make alcohols, acids, and dyes; used in the rubber, tanning, and paper industries; used as an intermediate for optical brighteners, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde can also be used to prepare triphenyl methane and related dyes, organic intermediate.

2-chloro-benzaldehyde is used acid zinc plating brightener, also be used for organic synthesis, agricultural pesticide and pharmaceutical industries.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is used to synthesize the acaricides clofentezine and flutenzine.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde undergoes alkynylation with phenylacetylene in the presence of catalytic ligands and dimethylzinc at 0°C to form binaphthyl-derived amino alcohols.

Preparation
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is produced mainly by chlorination of 2-chlorotoluene to form 2-chlorobenzal chloride, which is then subjected to acid hydrolysis.
Metal salts, such as iron(III) chloride, are used as catalysts.
The hydrolysis can also be accomplished using formic acid without a catalyst.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde can also be produced by oxidation of 2-chlorobenzyl chloride with N-oxides of tertiary amines or with dilute nitric acid.

Reactivity Profile
2-chloro-benzaldehyde reacts with iron and strong oxidizers, strong bases and strong reducing agents.
Symptoms of exposure to 2-chloro-benzaldehyde may include skin, eye and upper respiratory tract irritation.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde may cause skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation.
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes.
2-chloro-benzaldehyde is combustible.

Synonyms
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde
89-98-5
O-CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE
Chlorobenzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde, 2-chloro-
Benzaldehyde, o-chloro-
2-Chlorbenzaldehyd
2-Clorobenzaldeide
o-Chloorbenzaldehyde
2-chloro-benzaldehyde
USAF M-7
2-Chloorbenzaldehyde
o-Chlorobenzenecarboxaldehyde
2-chloro benzaldehyde
BENZALDEHYDE,CHLORO-
2-Chlorbenzaldehyd [German]
NSC 15347
o-Chloorbenzaldehyde [Dutch]
2-Chloorbenzaldehyde [Dutch]
2-Clorobenzaldeide [Italian]
CCRIS 5991
35913-09-8
Benzaldehyde, chloro-
HSDB 2727
EINECS 201-956-3
UNII-QHR24X1LXK
MFCD00003304
QHR24X1LXK
AI3-04254
DTXSID5024764
NSC-15347
NSC 174140
EC 201-956-3
chlorotoluon
o-chlorobezaldehyde
2-chlorobezaldehyde
6-chlorobenzaldehyde
o-Chloroformylbenzene
orthochlorobenzaldehyde
2- chlorobenzaldehyde
2-chlorobenzenaldehyde
(2-chloro)benzaldehye
ortho-chlorobenzaldehyde
(2-chloro)benzaldehyde
(2-chloro) benzaldehyde
WLN: VHR BG
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde, 99%
SCHEMBL97422
MLS001056242
CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE, O-
Benzaldehyde, chloro- (9CI)
DTXCID204764
CHEMBL1547989
AMY39073
NSC15347
STR00143
Tox21_200373
STL146016
AKOS000119188
CS-W003973
LS-1903
CAS-89-98-5
NCGC00091218-01
NCGC00091218-02
NCGC00257927-01
SMR001216556
FT-0611908
FT-0611909
FT-0658390
EN300-19123
D77644
Q2195231
W-100351
2-Chlorobenzaldehyde, purum, dist., >=98.0% (GC)
F2190-0599
Z104472866
InChI=1/C7H5ClO/c8-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)5-9/h1-5
2-Chloronicotinic Acid
Etidronic Acid; 1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid; Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonicacid(HEDP); 1-Hydroxyethylidenediphosphonic Acid; Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonic acid(HEDP); 1-Hydroxy-1,1-Ethanediyl ester; Oxyethylidenediphosphonic Acid(OEDP); 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid , Tetrasodium salt; 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, Tetrasodium salt; Sodium HEDP; HEDPS; 1-hydroxyethylidenedi(phosphonic acid), Tetrasodium salt; (Hydroxyethylidene) diphosphonic acid, Tetrasodium salt; CAS NO:2809-21-4
2-CYANOGUANIDINE
2-Cyanoguanidine is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents.
2-Cyanoguanidine is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
2-Cyanoguanidine is often used as a curing agent for epoxies and as a used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.

CAS Number: 461-58-5
EC Number: 207-312-8
Molecular Formula: C2H4N4
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 84.08

2-Cyanoguanidine is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of 2-2-Cyanoguanidine.
The chemical is 2-Cyanoguanidine or 2-Dicyandiamide dimer, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.

2-Cyanoguanidine, the amide of normal cyanic acid, is a white crystal that melts at 45 °C.
2-Cyanoguanidine is easily soluble in water, alcohol and diethyl ether.
2-Cyanoguanidine is commercially prepared from limestone-derived carbonate by the carbide process or by desulfurization of thiourea in the presence of a catalyst (mercuric oxide).

2-Cyanoguanidine is prepared with ammonia and cyanogen halides.
When 2-Cyanoguanidine is heated at 150°C, 2-Cyanoguanidine polymerizes to 2-Cyanoguanidine and tricyantriamide to melamine.

Dicyanodiammonia, abbreviated as dicy or DCD.
2-Cyanoguanidine is an organic substance with the chemical formula of c2h4n4.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a dimer of 2-Dicyandiamide and a cyano derivative of guanidine.
Soluble in water, alcohol, ethylene glycol and dimethylformamide, almost insoluble in ether and benzene.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs.

2-Cyanoguanidine has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor.
2-Cyanoguanidine is a member of guanidines and a nitrile.

The application of nitrification inhibitors has been used as a strategy to promote N utilization efficacy and reduce N2O emissions in paddy.
2-Cyanoguanidine as a widely used nitrification inhibitor inhibits the activity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria which results in longer ammonium retention and reduces the production of NO2 in soils.

2-Cyanoguanidine efficacy was found to be related to 2-Cyanoguanidine concentration, temperature, moisture, pH, and organic matter content.
Studies have shown that leaching 2-Cyanoguanidine from agricultural soils into aquatic ecosystems can strongly change the community composition of benthic stream bacteria and algae and influence stream nutrient cycling stoichiometry.
Literature on the mechanisms and benefits of nitrification inhibitors is extensive but there are very few studies focused on the influence of 2-Cyanoguanidine application on other microbes in paddy system.

2-Cyanoguanidine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs.

2-Cyanoguanidine has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor.
2-Cyanoguanidine is a member of guanidines and a nitrile.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a nitrile derived from guanidine.
2-Cyanoguanidine is a dimer of 2-Cyanoguanidine, from which 2-Cyanoguanidine can be prepared.
2-Cyanoguanidine is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents.

Dycyandiamide is used as an element of synthesis for production of plastics, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and technical chemicals.

Commonly known as 2-Cyanoguanidine, the white crystalline compound is the dimer for 2-Dicyandiamide or for Cyanoguanidine.

2-Cyanoguanidine crystals melt at 210° C, and are soluble in water and alcohol.
Other uses for 2-Cyanoguanidine are in the manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, oil well drilling muds, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs.

2-Cyanoguanidine (DICY or DCD), also known as 2-Dicyandiamide, is a non-hazardous, non-volatile, white crystalline powder with the molecular formula of C2H4N4 and CAS number 461-58-5.

2-Cyanoguanidine is produced from the polymerization of 2-Dicyandiamide in the presence of a base.
2-Cyanoguanidine is typically pure white crystals, stable when dry and soluble in liquid ammonia.

2-Cyanoguanidine is partly soluble in hot water.
2-Cyanoguanidine is non-flammable.

2-Cyanoguanidine is often used as a curing agent for epoxies and as a used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.
Another popular use of Dycyandiamide is a flame retardant additive in the paper and textile industries.

2-Cyanoguanidine can be used as a slow release fertilizer.
Dycandiamide also finds applications in the adhesive industry, powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of 2-2-Cyanoguanidine.
The chemical is the dimer of 2-Cyanoguanidine or 2-Dicyandiamide, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.
2-Cyanoguanidine is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.

2-Cyanoguanidine is commonly used for the curing of epoxy resins.
2-Cyanoguanidine is a nitrification inhibitor that is said to be capable of reducing nitrate (NO3-) leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from grazed pasture soils.

Applications of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
2-Cyanoguanidine is used as a slow release fertilizer.
In the adhesive industry, 2-Cyanoguanidine is used as a curing agent for epoxies.
2-Cyanoguanidine is also used as a flame retardant additive in paper and textile industries.

Additional applications include use in powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.
2-Cyanoguanidine is also used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.

The big advantage of 2-Cyanoguanidine is that 2-Cyanoguanidine is extremely reactive but nevertheless non-hazardous, and because of this 2-Cyanoguanidine is used in a wide variety of applications.
The largest application field is as a synthetic component for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s), inter alia for the manufacture of the type II anti-diabetes drug Metformin.
Another major application field is the hot-curing of epoxy resins for industrial applications, and in recent years 2-Cyanoguanidine has a growing importance as a nitrogen stabiliser for agicultural fertilisers.

2-Cyanoguanidine is an intermediate for melamine production and is the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers, fireproofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.

2-Cyanoguanidine can be used as an organic precursor for synthesizing carbon nitride nanosheets.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a nitrogen-based molecule (66% by weight) with high reactivity that is used in a wide variety of applications across multiple industries.

Applications include:
Flame retardant additive in timer, paper, and textile industries
Slow/continuous release nitrogen fertilizer
Hardener/curing agent in Epoxy resins
Powder coatings
Dielectric coatings
Adhesives
Water treatment chemicals
Dye fixing
Pharmaceutical applications
Stabilizer compound for PVC flooring
Floatation depressant in copper ores

Fertilizer Applications:
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in fertilizer formulations as a slow/continuous release nitrogen source.
There are two major ways in which nitrogen is lost from soil – denitrification and leeching.

Denitrification is loss of nitrogen to the atmosphere.
Leeching is when nitrogen is washed from soil through rain or irrigation.

2-Cyanoguanidine has been shown to prevent nitrogen loss through both leeching and de-nitrification in soil.
This helps reduce the negative effects of greenhouse gas emission such as nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching into waterways.

Uses of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
2-Cyanoguanidine is used as a curing agent (epoxy resins), flotation depressant (copper ores), intumescent paint ingredient, electrostatic powder coating ingredient, plasticizer (starch adhesives), fertilizer additive, nitrocellulose stabilizer, antioxidant (fats and oils), fire-proofing compound, case-hardening additive, cleaning and soldering compound, thinner for oil-well drilling muds, detergent stabilizer, and starch modifier.
2-Cyanoguanidine is also used in dye-stuffs and explosives.

2-Cyanoguanidine is a guanidine derivative used in the synthesis of barbiturates, 2-Cyanoguanidine is also used in the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine).
In the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine).

In the pharmaceutical industry (barbiturates, guanidine derivatives).
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the synthesis of barbiturates.

2-Cyanoguanidine is used as a stabilizer of ammonium dinitramide melt.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used as hardener.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the following products: fertilisers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and adhesives and sealants.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, health services and scientific research and development.

2-Cyanoguanidine is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles.
Other release to the environment of 2-Cyanoguanidine is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Uses at industrial sites:
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the following products: leather treatment products, polymers, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

2-Cyanoguanidine is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur and chemicals.
Release to the environment of 2-Cyanoguanidine can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and as processing aid.

Industry Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Bleaching agent
Catalyst
Dye
Hardener
Intermediate
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Plasticizers
Process regulators
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Viscosity adjustors

Consumer Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Hardener
Intermediate
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Heat Treating
Petroleum Production and Refining
Soldering
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Plastic Composites Manufacturing
Metal Extraction and Refining

Usage Areas of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
In the leather industry, the selective filler effect fills the hollow parts of the leather such as skirts.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in fertilizer making, fireproofing finishes, epoxy laminates, water treatment and rubber chemicals.

2-Cyanoguanidine is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used as a curing material for epoxies in the adhesive industry.

2-Cyanoguanidine (an intermediate for the production of melamine and the main ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
Slow and continuous nitrogen emission fertilizers, fire retardant agents, circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, paint fixation, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals, including epoxy laminates for

Production and Use of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
2-Cyanoguanidine is produced by treating 2-Cyanoguanidine with base.
2-Cyanoguanidine is produced in soil by decomposition of 2-Cyanoguanidine.

A variety of useful compounds are produced from 2-2-Cyanoguanidine, guanidines and melamine.
For example, acetoguanamine and benzoguanamine are prepared by condensation of 2-Cyanoguanidine with the nitrile:
(H2N)2C=NCN + RCN → (CNH2)2(CR)N3

2-Cyanoguanidine is also used as a slow fertilizer.
Formerly, 2-Cyanoguanidine was used as a fuel in some explosives.
2-Cyanoguanidine is used in the adhesive industry as a curing agent for epoxy resins.

Chemistry of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
Two tautomeric forms exist, differing in the protonation and bonding of the nitrogen to which the nitrile group is attached.

2-Cyanoguanidine can also exist in a zwitterionic form via a formal acid–base reaction among the nitrogens.

Loss of ammonia (NH3) from the zwitterionic form, followed by deprotonation of the remaining central nitrogen atom, gives the di2-Cyanoguanidine anion, [N(CN)2]−.

Manufacturing Methods of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
Prepared by controlled polymerization of 2-Cyanoguanidine in water in presence of ammonia, alkaline earth hydroxides, or other suitable bases.
2-Cyanoguanidine is manufactured by dimerization of 2-Cyanoguanidine in aqueous solution.

The 25% 2-Cyanoguanidine solution produced is adjusted to pH 8-9 and held at approximately 80 °C for two hours to give complete conversion.
The hot liquor is filtered and transferred to a vacuum crystallizer where 2-Cyanoguanidine is cooled.
The crystals of 2-Cyanoguanidine are separated in continuous centrifuges and passed to rotary driers.

General Manufacturing Information of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Construction
Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
Paint and Coating Manufacturing
Paper Manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing
Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
Plastics Product Manufacturing
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Wood Product Manufacturing

Handling and Storage of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Handling:
Wear personal protective equipment/face protection.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing.
Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Avoid dust formation.

Storage:
Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place.

Stability and Reactivity of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Reactive:
Hazard None known, based on information available.

Stability:
Stable under normal conditions.
Conditions to Avoid Incompatible products.

Excess heat.
Avoid dust formation.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Hazardous Polymerization:
Hazardous polymerization does not occur.

Hazardous Reactions:
None under normal processing.

First Aid Measures of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Eye Contact:
Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
Getmedical attention.

Skin Contact:
Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attentionimmediately if symptoms occur.

Inhalation:
Remove to fresh air.
Get medical attention immediately if symptoms occur.

Ingestion:
Clean mouth with water and drink afterwards plenty of water.
Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

Most important symptoms and effects:
None reasonably foreseeable.

Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically

Fire Fighting Measures of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Suitable Extinguishing:
Media Water spray, carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam.

Accidental Release Measures of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Personal Precautions:
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Use personal protective equipment as required.
Avoiddustformation.

Environmental Precautions:
Should not be released into the environment.

Methods for Containment and Clean Up:
Sweep up and shovel into suitable containers for disposal.
Avoid dust formation.

Identifiers of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
Synonym(s): DCD, 2-Cyanoguanidine, Dicyanodiamide
Linear Formula: NH2C(=NH)NHCN
CAS Number: 461-58-5
Molecular Weight: 84.08
Beilstein: 605637
EC Number: 207-312-8
MDL number: MFCD00008066
PubChem Substance ID: 24894150
NACRES: NA.22

CAS: 461-58-5
Molecular Formula: C2H4N4
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 84.08
MDL Number: MFCD00008066
InChI Key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 10005
SMILES: NC(N)=NC#N

CAS Number: 461-58-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:147423
ChemSpider: 9611
ECHA InfoCard: 100.006.649
EC Number: 207-312-8
PubChem CID: 10005
RTECS number: ME9950000
UNII: M9B1R0C16H
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1020354
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)
Key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)
Key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES: N#CNC(=N)N
isomer: N#CN=C(N)N
zwitterion: N#CNC(=[N-])[NH3+]

Item Number: C0454
Purity / Method of Analysis: >98.0%(T)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C2H4N4 = 84.08
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
CAS No: 461-58-5
Reaxys Registry Number: 605637
PubChem Substance ID: 87565575
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 2049
Merck Index (14): 3092
MDL Number: MFCD00008066

Properties of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
Chemical formula: C2H4N4
Molar mass: 84.08 g/mol
Appearance: White crystals
Density: 1.400 g/cm3
Melting point: 209.5 °C (409.1 °F; 482.6 K)
Boiling point: 252 °C (486 °F; 525 K)
Solubility in water: 41.3 g/l
log P: −0.52
Henry's law
constant (kH): 2.25×10−10 atm·m3/mol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −44.55×10−6 cm3/mol

Quality Level: 200
Assay: 99%
form: powder
mp: 208-211 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: NC(=N)NC#N
InChI: 1S/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)
InChI key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Appearance: White to Almost white powder to crystal
Purity(Nonaqueous Titration): min. 98.0%
Melting point: 209.0 to 213.0 °C

Molecular Weight: 84.08 g/mol
XLogP3: -1.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 84.043596145 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 84.043596145 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 88.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 100
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
Melting Point: 211 °C
Maximum Absorption Wavelength: 218 nm
Resolution in water: Slightly soluble
Degree of solubility in water: 41.3 g/l 25 °C
Solubility (soluble in): Dimethylformamide
Solubility (slightly sol. in): Ethanol
Solubility (soluble in): Benzene,Ether,Chloroform

Melting Point: 208.0°C to 211.0°C
Color: White
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99.5%
Packaging: Plastic bottle
Quantity: 2.5 kg
Fieser: 01,229
Merck Index: 15, 3103
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: 32g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: 38g/L in methanol (20°C)
IUPAC Name: 2-2-Cyanoguanidine
Formula Weight: 84.08
Percent Purity: 99.5%
Physical Form: Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: 2-Cyanoguanidine

Names of 2-Cyanoguanidine:

Regulatory process names:
1-Cyanoguanidine
ACR-H 3636
Araldite HT 986
Araldite XB 2879B
Araldite XB 2979B
Bakelite VE 2560
Cyanoguanidine
Cyanoguanidine
cyanoguanidine
Dicyandiamide
Dicyandiamido
Dicyandiamin
Dicyanodiamide
dicyanodiamide
Epicure DICY 15
Epicure DICY 7
Guanidine, cyano-
Guanidine, N-cyano-
N-Cyanoguanidine
Pyroset DO
XB 2879B

IUPAC names:
1- cyanoguanidine
1-Cyanguanidin
1-Cyanoguanidine
1-cyanoguanidine
2-Cyanoguanidine
2-cyanoguanidine
CYANOGUANIDINE
Cyanoguanidine
cyanoguanidine
Cyanoguanidine
Cynoguanidine
DICANDIAMIDE
dicyandiamid
Dicyandiamid
DICYANDIAMIDE
Dicyandiamide
N-Cyanoguanidine
N-cyanoguanidine
N-methylguanidine

IUPAC name:
2-Cyanoguanidine

Trade names:
1-cyanoguanidin
DCD
Dicyandiamide
Dicyanodiamide
Didiin
DMPF

Other names:
Cyanoguanidine
dicyanodiamide
N-cyanoguanidine
1-cyanoguanidine
guanidine-1-carbonitrile
dicyandiamin
Didin
DCD
Dicy

Other identifiers:
125148-58-5
139351-77-2
139351-78-3
1437797-89-1
1446334-90-2
157480-33-6
1610803-20-7
166432-96-8
187414-06-8
200818-58-2
205265-14-1
313058-80-9
461-58-5

Synonyms of 2-Cyanoguanidine:
Dicyandiamide
CYANOGUANIDINE
461-58-5
Dicyanodiamide
2-Cyanoguanidine
N-Cyanoguanidine
1-Cyanoguanidine
Guanidine, cyano-
Pyroset DO
Dicyandiamido
Dicyandiamin
Epicure DICY 7
Epicure DICY 15
Araldite HT 986
Bakelite VE 2560
Araldite XB 2879B
Araldite XB 2979B
Dicy
ACR-H 3636
XB 2879B
Dicyandiamin [German]
Guanidine-1-carbonitrile
NSC 2031
CCRIS 3478
Guanidine, N-cyano-
AI3-14632
HSDB 2126
EINECS 207-312-8
UNII-M9B1R0C16H
M9B1R0C16H
3-cyanoguanidine
DTXSID1020354
Guanidine-15N3, cyano-15N-
NSC2031
NSC-2031
EC 207-312-8
DTXCID50354
cyano-guanidin
157480-33-6
26591-10-6
CAS-461-58-5
Metformin impurity A
MFCD00008066
Cyanoguanidene
Dicyanadiamide
Dicyanediamide
cyano-guanidine
guanidine, cyano
1-cyano-guanidine
Cyanamide metabolite
Cyanoguanidine,(S)
Dicyandiamide, 99%
Dyhard 100S
Guanidina, N-ciano-
Adeka EH 3636AS
Metformin EP Impurity A
Adeka EH 3636
DICYANODIAMIDE [MI]
CYANOGUANIDINE [HSDB]
NCN=C(NH2)2
CHEMBL3183942
CHEBI:147423
Tox21_201513
Tox21_302730
BBL009709
STL141074
STL483054
AKOS000118777
AKOS005208673
CCG-214839
J3.635H
NCGC00249058-01
NCGC00256355-01
NCGC00259063-01
BP-31003
LS-73392
CS-0015691
FT-0624736
EN300-21430
D78355
Q905401
W-106101
Dicyanodiamide (210 degrees C) Melting Point Standard
F0001-1248
METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
Z203045078
InChI=1/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6
Cyanoguanidine, >=95.0% (HPLC), pharmaceutical impurity standard
Metformin impurity A, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
504-66-5 [RN]
Cyanamide, cyano-
Cyanamide, N-cyano- [ACD/Index Name]
Cyancyanamid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Cyanocyanamide [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Cyanocyanamide [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
dicyanamide
Dicyanimide
207-998-9 [EINECS]
Dicyanamid
DICYANOAMINE
Ditsianamid
EINECS 207-998-9
Imidodicarbonitrile
UNII:8G893R58P1
UNII-8G893R58P1
2-DICYANDIAMIDE
2-Dicyandiamide is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents.
2-Dicyandiamide is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
2-Dicyandiamide is often used as a curing agent for epoxies and as a used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.

CAS Number: 461-58-5
EC Number: 207-312-8
Molecular Formula: C2H4N4
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 84.08

2-Dicyandiamide is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of 2-2-Dicyandiamide.
The chemical is 2-Dicyandiamide or 2-Dicyandiamide dimer, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.

2-Dicyandiamide, the amide of normal cyanic acid, is a white crystal that melts at 45 °C.
2-Dicyandiamide is easily soluble in water, alcohol and diethyl ether.
2-Dicyandiamide is commercially prepared from limestone-derived carbonate by the carbide process or by desulfurization of thiourea in the presence of a catalyst (mercuric oxide).

2-Dicyandiamide is prepared with ammonia and cyanogen halides.
When 2-Dicyandiamide is heated at 150°C, 2-Dicyandiamide polymerizes to 2-Dicyandiamide and tricyantriamide to melamine.

Dicyanodiammonia, abbreviated as dicy or DCD.
2-Dicyandiamide is an organic substance with the chemical formula of c2h4n4.

2-Dicyandiamide is a dimer of 2-Dicyandiamide and a cyano derivative of guanidine.
Soluble in water, alcohol, ethylene glycol and dimethylformamide, almost insoluble in ether and benzene.

2-Dicyandiamide is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs.

2-Dicyandiamide has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor.
2-Dicyandiamide is a member of guanidines and a nitrile.

The application of nitrification inhibitors has been used as a strategy to promote N utilization efficacy and reduce N2O emissions in paddy.
2-Dicyandiamide as a widely used nitrification inhibitor inhibits the activity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria which results in longer ammonium retention and reduces the production of NO2 in soils.

2-Dicyandiamide efficacy was found to be related to 2-Dicyandiamide concentration, temperature, moisture, pH, and organic matter content.
Studies have shown that leaching 2-Dicyandiamide from agricultural soils into aquatic ecosystems can strongly change the community composition of benthic stream bacteria and algae and influence stream nutrient cycling stoichiometry.
Literature on the mechanisms and benefits of nitrification inhibitors is extensive but there are very few studies focused on the influence of 2-Dicyandiamide application on other microbes in paddy system.

2-Dicyandiamide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

2-Dicyandiamide is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a cyano group.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, explosives, oil well drilling muds, and dyestuffs.

2-Dicyandiamide has a role as a curing agent, a flame retardant, a fertilizer, an explosive and a nitrification inhibitor.
2-Dicyandiamide is a member of guanidines and a nitrile.

2-Dicyandiamide is a nitrile derived from guanidine.
2-Dicyandiamide is a dimer of 2-Dicyandiamide, from which 2-Dicyandiamide can be prepared.
2-Dicyandiamide is a colourless solid that is soluble in water, acetone, and alcohol, but not nonpolar organic solvents.

Dycyandiamide is used as an element of synthesis for production of plastics, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and technical chemicals.

Commonly known as 2-Dicyandiamide, the white crystalline compound is the dimer for 2-Dicyandiamide or for Cyanoguanidine.

2-Dicyandiamide crystals melt at 210° C, and are soluble in water and alcohol.
Other uses for 2-Dicyandiamide are in the manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, oil well drilling muds, pharmaceuticals, and dyestuffs.

2-Dicyandiamide (DICY or DCD), also known as 2-Dicyandiamide, is a non-hazardous, non-volatile, white crystalline powder with the molecular formula of C2H4N4 and CAS number 461-58-5.

2-Dicyandiamide is produced from the polymerization of 2-Dicyandiamide in the presence of a base.
2-Dicyandiamide is typically pure white crystals, stable when dry and soluble in liquid ammonia.

2-Dicyandiamide is partly soluble in hot water.
2-Dicyandiamide is non-flammable.

2-Dicyandiamide is often used as a curing agent for epoxies and as a used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.
Another popular use of Dycyandiamide is a flame retardant additive in the paper and textile industries.

2-Dicyandiamide can be used as a slow release fertilizer.
Dycandiamide also finds applications in the adhesive industry, powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.

2-Dicyandiamide is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble white crystalline compound with the scientific name of 2-2-Dicyandiamide.
The chemical is the dimer of 2-Dicyandiamide or 2-Dicyandiamide, which is mainly used in the production of melamine.
2-Dicyandiamide is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.

2-Dicyandiamide is commonly used for the curing of epoxy resins.
2-Dicyandiamide is a nitrification inhibitor that is said to be capable of reducing nitrate (NO3-) leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from grazed pasture soils.

Applications of 2-Dicyandiamide:
2-Dicyandiamide is used as a slow release fertilizer.
In the adhesive industry, 2-Dicyandiamide is used as a curing agent for epoxies.
2-Dicyandiamide is also used as a flame retardant additive in paper and textile industries.

Additional applications include use in powder coatings, dielectric coatings, water treatment chemicals, rubber, dye fixing, and pharmaceutical applications.
2-Dicyandiamide is also used as a stabilizer compound for PVC flooring.

The big advantage of 2-Dicyandiamide is that 2-Dicyandiamide is extremely reactive but nevertheless non-hazardous, and because of this 2-Dicyandiamide is used in a wide variety of applications.
The largest application field is as a synthetic component for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s), inter alia for the manufacture of the type II anti-diabetes drug Metformin.
Another major application field is the hot-curing of epoxy resins for industrial applications, and in recent years 2-Dicyandiamide has a growing importance as a nitrogen stabiliser for agicultural fertilisers.

2-Dicyandiamide is an intermediate for melamine production and is the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers, fireproofing agents, epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.

2-Dicyandiamide can be used as an organic precursor for synthesizing carbon nitride nanosheets.

2-Dicyandiamide is a nitrogen-based molecule (66% by weight) with high reactivity that is used in a wide variety of applications across multiple industries.

Applications include:
Flame retardant additive in timer, paper, and textile industries
Slow/continuous release nitrogen fertilizer
Hardener/curing agent in Epoxy resins
Powder coatings
Dielectric coatings
Adhesives
Water treatment chemicals
Dye fixing
Pharmaceutical applications
Stabilizer compound for PVC flooring
Floatation depressant in copper ores

Fertilizer Applications:
2-Dicyandiamide is used in fertilizer formulations as a slow/continuous release nitrogen source.
There are two major ways in which nitrogen is lost from soil – denitrification and leeching.

Denitrification is loss of nitrogen to the atmosphere.
Leeching is when nitrogen is washed from soil through rain or irrigation.

2-Dicyandiamide has been shown to prevent nitrogen loss through both leeching and de-nitrification in soil.
This helps reduce the negative effects of greenhouse gas emission such as nitrous oxide and nitrate leaching into waterways.

Uses of 2-Dicyandiamide:
2-Dicyandiamide is used as a curing agent (epoxy resins), flotation depressant (copper ores), intumescent paint ingredient, electrostatic powder coating ingredient, plasticizer (starch adhesives), fertilizer additive, nitrocellulose stabilizer, antioxidant (fats and oils), fire-proofing compound, case-hardening additive, cleaning and soldering compound, thinner for oil-well drilling muds, detergent stabilizer, and starch modifier.
2-Dicyandiamide is also used in dye-stuffs and explosives.

2-Dicyandiamide is a guanidine derivative used in the synthesis of barbiturates, 2-Dicyandiamide is also used in the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine).
In the plastics industry (manufacture of melamine).

In the pharmaceutical industry (barbiturates, guanidine derivatives).
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the synthesis of barbiturates.

2-Dicyandiamide is used as a stabilizer of ammonium dinitramide melt.
2-Dicyandiamide is used as hardener.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the following products: fertilisers, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and adhesives and sealants.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, health services and scientific research and development.

2-Dicyandiamide is used for the manufacture of: machinery and vehicles.
Other release to the environment of 2-Dicyandiamide is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Uses at industrial sites:
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the following products: leather treatment products, polymers, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

2-Dicyandiamide is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur and chemicals.
Release to the environment of 2-Dicyandiamide can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid and as processing aid.

Industry Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Agricultural chemicals (non-pesticidal)
Bleaching agent
Catalyst
Dye
Hardener
Intermediate
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Plasticizers
Process regulators
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Viscosity adjustors

Consumer Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Hardener
Intermediate
Intermediates
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Other (specify)
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Heat Treating
Petroleum Production and Refining
Soldering
Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides)
Plastic Composites Manufacturing
Metal Extraction and Refining

Usage Areas of 2-Dicyandiamide:
In the leather industry, the selective filler effect fills the hollow parts of the leather such as skirts.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in fertilizer making, fireproofing finishes, epoxy laminates, water treatment and rubber chemicals.

2-Dicyandiamide is also used as a curing agent for epoxy resins and laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives.
2-Dicyandiamide is used as a curing material for epoxies in the adhesive industry.

2-Dicyandiamide (an intermediate for the production of melamine and the main ingredient of amino plastics and resins.
Slow and continuous nitrogen emission fertilizers, fire retardant agents, circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives, water treatment chemicals, paint fixation, leather and rubber chemicals, explosives and pharmaceuticals.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the production of a wide range of organic chemicals, including epoxy laminates for

Production and Use of 2-Dicyandiamide:
2-Dicyandiamide is produced by treating 2-Dicyandiamide with base.
2-Dicyandiamide is produced in soil by decomposition of 2-Dicyandiamide.

A variety of useful compounds are produced from 2-2-Dicyandiamide, guanidines and melamine.
For example, acetoguanamine and benzoguanamine are prepared by condensation of 2-Dicyandiamide with the nitrile:
(H2N)2C=NCN + RCN → (CNH2)2(CR)N3

2-Dicyandiamide is also used as a slow fertilizer.
Formerly, 2-Dicyandiamide was used as a fuel in some explosives.
2-Dicyandiamide is used in the adhesive industry as a curing agent for epoxy resins.

Chemistry of 2-Dicyandiamide:
Two tautomeric forms exist, differing in the protonation and bonding of the nitrogen to which the nitrile group is attached.

2-Dicyandiamide can also exist in a zwitterionic form via a formal acid–base reaction among the nitrogens.

Loss of ammonia (NH3) from the zwitterionic form, followed by deprotonation of the remaining central nitrogen atom, gives the di2-Dicyandiamide anion, [N(CN)2]−.

Manufacturing Methods of 2-Dicyandiamide:
Prepared by controlled polymerization of 2-Dicyandiamide in water in presence of ammonia, alkaline earth hydroxides, or other suitable bases.
2-Dicyandiamide is manufactured by dimerization of 2-Dicyandiamide in aqueous solution.

The 25% 2-Dicyandiamide solution produced is adjusted to pH 8-9 and held at approximately 80 °C for two hours to give complete conversion.
The hot liquor is filtered and transferred to a vacuum crystallizer where 2-Dicyandiamide is cooled.
The crystals of 2-Dicyandiamide are separated in continuous centrifuges and passed to rotary driers.

General Manufacturing Information of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Construction
Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing
Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
Paint and Coating Manufacturing
Paper Manufacturing
Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing
Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
Plastics Product Manufacturing
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Wood Product Manufacturing

Handling and Storage of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Handling:
Wear personal protective equipment/face protection.
Ensure adequate ventilation.

Avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing.
Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Avoid dust formation.

Storage:
Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place.

Stability and Reactivity of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Reactive:
Hazard None known, based on information available.

Stability:
Stable under normal conditions.
Conditions to Avoid Incompatible products.

Excess heat.
Avoid dust formation.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Nitrogen oxides (NOx)

Hazardous Polymerization:
Hazardous polymerization does not occur.

Hazardous Reactions:
None under normal processing.

First Aid Measures of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Eye Contact:
Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
Getmedical attention.

Skin Contact:
Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Get medical attentionimmediately if symptoms occur.

Inhalation:
Remove to fresh air.
Get medical attention immediately if symptoms occur.

Ingestion:
Clean mouth with water and drink afterwards plenty of water.
Get medical attention if symptoms occur.

Most important symptoms and effects:
None reasonably foreseeable.

Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically

Fire Fighting Measures of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Suitable Extinguishing:
Media Water spray, carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam.

Accidental Release Measures of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Personal Precautions:
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Use personal protective equipment as required.
Avoiddustformation.

Environmental Precautions:
Should not be released into the environment.

Methods for Containment and Clean Up:
Sweep up and shovel into suitable containers for disposal.
Avoid dust formation.

Identifiers of 2-Dicyandiamide:
Synonym(s): DCD, 2-Dicyandiamide, Dicyanodiamide
Linear Formula: NH2C(=NH)NHCN
CAS Number: 461-58-5
Molecular Weight: 84.08
Beilstein: 605637
EC Number: 207-312-8
MDL number: MFCD00008066
PubChem Substance ID: 24894150
NACRES: NA.22

CAS: 461-58-5
Molecular Formula: C2H4N4
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 84.08
MDL Number: MFCD00008066
InChI Key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 10005
SMILES: NC(N)=NC#N

CAS Number: 461-58-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:147423
ChemSpider: 9611
ECHA InfoCard: 100.006.649
EC Number: 207-312-8
PubChem CID: 10005
RTECS number: ME9950000
UNII: M9B1R0C16H
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1020354
InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)
Key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)
Key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYAY
SMILES: N#CNC(=N)N
isomer: N#CN=C(N)N
zwitterion: N#CNC(=[N-])[NH3+]

Item Number: C0454
Purity / Method of Analysis: >98.0%(T)
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C2H4N4 = 84.08
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
CAS No: 461-58-5
Reaxys Registry Number: 605637
PubChem Substance ID: 87565575
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 2049
Merck Index (14): 3092
MDL Number: MFCD00008066

Properties of 2-Dicyandiamide:
Chemical formula: C2H4N4
Molar mass: 84.08 g/mol
Appearance: White crystals
Density: 1.400 g/cm3
Melting point: 209.5 °C (409.1 °F; 482.6 K)
Boiling point: 252 °C (486 °F; 525 K)
Solubility in water: 41.3 g/l
log P: −0.52
Henry's law
constant (kH): 2.25×10−10 atm·m3/mol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −44.55×10−6 cm3/mol

Quality Level: 200
Assay: 99%
form: powder
mp: 208-211 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: NC(=N)NC#N
InChI: 1S/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6)
InChI key: QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Appearance: White to Almost white powder to crystal
Purity(Nonaqueous Titration): min. 98.0%
Melting point: 209.0 to 213.0 °C

Molecular Weight: 84.08 g/mol
XLogP3: -1.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 84.043596145 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 84.043596145 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 88.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 100
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of 2-Dicyandiamide:
Melting Point: 211 °C
Maximum Absorption Wavelength: 218 nm
Resolution in water: Slightly soluble
Degree of solubility in water: 41.3 g/l 25 °C
Solubility (soluble in): Dimethylformamide
Solubility (slightly sol. in): Ethanol
Solubility (soluble in): Benzene,Ether,Chloroform

Melting Point: 208.0°C to 211.0°C
Color: White
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 99.5%
Packaging: Plastic bottle
Quantity: 2.5 kg
Fieser: 01,229
Merck Index: 15, 3103
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: 32g/L (20°C).
Other solubilities: 38g/L in methanol (20°C)
IUPAC Name: 2-2-Dicyandiamide
Formula Weight: 84.08
Percent Purity: 99.5%
Physical Form: Crystalline Powder
Chemical Name or Material: 2-Dicyandiamide

Names of 2-Dicyandiamide:

Regulatory process names:
1-Cyanoguanidine
ACR-H 3636
Araldite HT 986
Araldite XB 2879B
Araldite XB 2979B
Bakelite VE 2560
Cyanoguanidine
Cyanoguanidine
cyanoguanidine
Dicyandiamide
Dicyandiamido
Dicyandiamin
Dicyanodiamide
dicyanodiamide
Epicure DICY 15
Epicure DICY 7
Guanidine, cyano-
Guanidine, N-cyano-
N-Cyanoguanidine
Pyroset DO
XB 2879B

IUPAC names:
1- cyanoguanidine
1-Cyanguanidin
1-Cyanoguanidine
1-cyanoguanidine
2-Cyanoguanidine
2-cyanoguanidine
CYANOGUANIDINE
Cyanoguanidine
cyanoguanidine
Cyanoguanidine
Cynoguanidine
DICANDIAMIDE
dicyandiamid
Dicyandiamid
DICYANDIAMIDE
Dicyandiamide
N-Cyanoguanidine
N-cyanoguanidine
N-methylguanidine

IUPAC name:
2-Cyanoguanidine

Trade names:
1-cyanoguanidin
DCD
Dicyandiamide
Dicyanodiamide
Didiin
DMPF

Other names:
Cyanoguanidine
dicyanodiamide
N-cyanoguanidine
1-cyanoguanidine
guanidine-1-carbonitrile
dicyandiamin
Didin
DCD
Dicy

Other identifiers:
125148-58-5
139351-77-2
139351-78-3
1437797-89-1
1446334-90-2
157480-33-6
1610803-20-7
166432-96-8
187414-06-8
200818-58-2
205265-14-1
313058-80-9
461-58-5

Synonyms of 2-Dicyandiamide:
Dicyandiamide
CYANOGUANIDINE
461-58-5
Dicyanodiamide
2-Cyanoguanidine
N-Cyanoguanidine
1-Cyanoguanidine
Guanidine, cyano-
Pyroset DO
Dicyandiamido
Dicyandiamin
Epicure DICY 7
Epicure DICY 15
Araldite HT 986
Bakelite VE 2560
Araldite XB 2879B
Araldite XB 2979B
Dicy
ACR-H 3636
XB 2879B
Dicyandiamin [German]
Guanidine-1-carbonitrile
NSC 2031
CCRIS 3478
Guanidine, N-cyano-
AI3-14632
HSDB 2126
EINECS 207-312-8
UNII-M9B1R0C16H
M9B1R0C16H
3-cyanoguanidine
DTXSID1020354
Guanidine-15N3, cyano-15N-
NSC2031
NSC-2031
EC 207-312-8
DTXCID50354
cyano-guanidin
157480-33-6
26591-10-6
CAS-461-58-5
Metformin impurity A
MFCD00008066
Cyanoguanidene
Dicyanadiamide
Dicyanediamide
cyano-guanidine
guanidine, cyano
1-cyano-guanidine
Cyanamide metabolite
Cyanoguanidine,(S)
Dicyandiamide, 99%
Dyhard 100S
Guanidina, N-ciano-
Adeka EH 3636AS
Metformin EP Impurity A
Adeka EH 3636
DICYANODIAMIDE [MI]
CYANOGUANIDINE [HSDB]
NCN=C(NH2)2
CHEMBL3183942
CHEBI:147423
Tox21_201513
Tox21_302730
BBL009709
STL141074
STL483054
AKOS000118777
AKOS005208673
CCG-214839
J3.635H
NCGC00249058-01
NCGC00256355-01
NCGC00259063-01
BP-31003
LS-73392
CS-0015691
FT-0624736
EN300-21430
D78355
Q905401
W-106101
Dicyanodiamide (210 degrees C) Melting Point Standard
F0001-1248
METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
Z203045078
InChI=1/C2H4N4/c3-1-6-2(4)5/h(H4,4,5,6
Cyanoguanidine, >=95.0% (HPLC), pharmaceutical impurity standard
Metformin impurity A, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
504-66-5 [RN]
Cyanamide, cyano-
Cyanamide, N-cyano- [ACD/Index Name]
Cyancyanamid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Cyanocyanamide [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Cyanocyanamide [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
dicyanamide
Dicyanimide
207-998-9 [EINECS]
Dicyanamid
DICYANOAMINE
Ditsianamid
EINECS 207-998-9
Imidodicarbonitrile
UNII:8G893R58P1
UNII-8G893R58P1
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H15NO.


CAS Number: 100-37-8
EC Number: 202-845-2
MDL number: MFCD00002850
Molecular Formula: C6H15NO / (C2H5)2NC2H4OH



SYNONYMS:
2-Diethylaminoethanol, N,N-diethylethanolamine, 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-, DEAE, diethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylaminoethyl alcohol, N,N-diethylethanolamine, diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-hydroxytriethylamine, 2-diethylaminoethanol
(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, 2-N-Diethylaminoethanol, DEAE, Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, Diethylethanolamine, Diethylmonoethanolamine, Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-, N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol, N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine, N-Diethylaminoethanol, Pennad 150, beta-Diethylaminoethanol, beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, beta-Hydroxytriethylamine, [ChemIDplus] UN2686, Diethylaminoethanol, 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine,
2-diethylamino ethanol, n,n-diethylethanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, deae, diethylethanolamine, diethylamino ethanol, ethanol, 2-diethylamino, n,n-diethyl-2-aminoethanol, 2-hydroxyethyl diethylamine, diethyl 2-hydroxyethyl amine, (Diethylamino)ethanol, DEAE, Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-, β-(Diethylamino)ethanol, Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-Hydroxyethyl)amine, N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine, Pennad 150, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, β-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, (2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, Diaethylaminoaethanol, Diethylethanolamine, N-(Diethylamino)ethanol, UN 2686, β-Hydroxytriethylamine, N,N-Diethylaminoethanol, Diethylmonoethanolamine, NSC 8759, A 22, Diethylaminoethanol, 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, Diethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, (2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, 2-N-Diethylaminoethanol, DEAE, Diethylamino ethanol, Diethylaminoethanol, Diethylethanolamine, Diethylmonoethanolamine, Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-, N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol, N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine, Pennad 150, 2-(Diethylamino)ethan-1-ol, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, Diethylaminoethanol, 2-Diethylaminoethanol, N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, (2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, 2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 2-Diethylaminoethanol, DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, 100-37-8, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, Diethylethanolamine, DEAE, (Diethylamino)ethanol, Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-, N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol, (2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-(Diethylamino)Ethan-1-Ol, Diethylmonoethanolamine, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, Pennad 150, Diaethylaminoaethanol, 2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol, N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine, N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, beta-Diethylaminoethanol, beta-Hydroxytriethylamine, 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, Diethylamino ethanol, N-Diethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylamino-ethanol, 2-N-Diethylaminoethanol, diethyl ethanolamine, DEEA, beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, N-(Diethylamino)ethanol, N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine, NSC 8759, N,N-Diethylaminoethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-ethanol, 2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol, .beta.-(Diethylamino)ethanol, ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO, S6DL4M053U, beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, DTXSID5021837, CHEBI:52153, .beta.-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, NSC-8759, N,N-Diethyl-N-(.beta.-hydroxyethyl)amine, DTXCID401837, CAS-100-37-8, CCRIS 4793, HSDB 329, EINECS 202-845-2, UN2686, UNII-S6DL4M053U, -diethylamino, AI3-16309, 2-Diethylamino, Diathylaminoathanol, Diethylamlnoethanol, MFCD00002850, N, N-Diethylethanolamine, beta-(Diethylamino)ethanol, N,N-diethyl ethanol amine, 2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686], .beta.-Hydroxytriethylamine, EC 202-845-2, SCHEMBL3114, 2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI, CHEMBL1183, 2-(diethylamino)-1-ethanol, MLS002174251, 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-ethanol, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 99%, DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [HSDB], N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, NSC8759, HMS3039I08, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99%, DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE [INCI], DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MART.], WLN: Q2N2 & 2, DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [WHO-DD], N-(hydroxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl amine, Tox21_201463, Tox21_300037, BBL012211, STL163552, 2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL [MI], 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99.5%, AKOS000119883, UN 2686, NCGC00090925-01, NCGC00090925-02, NCGC00090925-03, NCGC00253920-01, NCGC00259014-01, A 22, BP-20552, SMR001261425, VS-03234, DB-012722, D0465, NS00006343, 2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686], D88192, 2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, purum, >=99.0% (GC), Q209373, 2-Diethylaminoethanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, J-520312, Diethyl ethanolamine Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, beta-Hydroxytriethylamine, DEAE, Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, Diethylaminoethanol, Diethylethanolamine, Diethylmonoethanolamine, N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol, N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine, N,N-Diethylethanolamine, ChEBI, b-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, Β-(diethylamino)ethyl alcohol, b-Hydroxytriethylamine, Β-hydroxytriethylamine, N,N-Diethyl-N-(b-hydroxyethyl)amine, N,N-Diethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride, 2-(Dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride, 2-Diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride, 2-Diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride, 14C-labeled, 2-Diethylaminoethanol sulfate (2:1), 2-Diethylaminoethanol tartrate, 2-Diethylaminoethanol, sodium salt, Deanol hydrochloride, Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-, hydrochloride (1:1), Ethanol, 2-dimethylamino-, hydrochloride, (2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine, (diethylamino)Ethanol, -Diethylamino, 2-(diethylamino)-Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)Ethyl alcohol, 2-(N,N-diethylamino)Ethanol, 2-Diethylamino, 2-diethylamino-Ethanol, 2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9ci, 2-Hydroxytriethylamine, 2-N-(diethylamino)Ethanol, 2-N-Diethylaminoethanol, beta-(diethylamino)Ethanol, beta-Diethylaminoethanol, beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol, Dehydasal, Diaethylaminoaethanol, diethylamino Ethanol, ETHANOL,2-diethylamino, N, N-Diethylethanolamine, N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, N,N-Diethylaminoethanol, N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine, N-(diethylamino)Ethanol, N-Diethylaminoethanol, Pennad 150, Perdilaton,



2-Diethylaminoethanol is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H15NO.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is the organic compound with the molecular formula (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH.
2-Diethylaminoethanol reacts with 4-aminobenzoic acid to make procaine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a precursor for DEAE-cellulose resin, which is commonly used in ion exchange chromatography.


2-Diethylaminoethanol can decrease the surface tension of water when the temperature is increased.
Solutions of 2-Diethylaminoethanol absorb carbon dioxide (CO2).
2-Diethylaminoethanol appears as a colorless liquid.


Flash point of 2-Diethylaminoethanol is 103-140 °F.
2-Diethylaminoethanolis less dense than water.
Vapors of 2-Diethylaminoethanol is heavier than air.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is functionally related to an ethanolamine.


2-Diethylaminoethanol derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a clear liquid.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a neutralizing amine for boiler water, coatings, etc.


The ideal vapor pressure and vapor-liquid distribution properties of 2-Diethylaminoethanol make it the best choice for pH adjustment of process water.
2-Diethylaminoethanol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,2-aminoalcohols.
These are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C2 atom.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on 2-Diethylaminoethanol.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Release to the environment of 2-Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.


Other release to the environment of 2-Diethylaminoethanol is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).


2-Diethylaminoethanol can be found in products with material based on: stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), paper used for packaging (excluding food packaging) and plastic used for packaging (excluding food packaging).


2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, coating products, hydraulic fluids and laboratory chemicals.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following areas: building & construction work.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products and .
Other release to the environment of 2-Diethylaminoethanol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following products: coating products, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.
Release to the environment of 2-Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following products: coating products, pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals, lubricants and greases, metal working fluids and adhesives and sealants.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in the following areas: mining.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used for the manufacture of: , chemicals and wood and wood products.
Release to the environment of 2-Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, in the production of articles and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).


Release to the environment of 2-Diethylaminoethanol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a precursor chemical to procaine.


In condensate and steam lines, 2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor because it neutralizes carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
Beyond its application in the water treatment segment, 2-Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a neutralizing amine for indrustrial coatings and an intermediate for various surfactants.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as an isocyanate curing agent.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, flocculants, emulsifiers, surface coatings, and other organic chemicals (in the chemical, agricultural, plastics, paper, and leather industries)


2-Diethylaminoethanol can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a pH stabilizer.
2-Diethylaminoethanol can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.


2-Diethylaminoethanol is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a pH stabilizer.


A colorless liquid, 2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a precursor in the production of a variety of chemical commodities such as the local anesthetic procaine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.



SOLUBILITY OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
2-Diethylaminoethanol is miscible in water.



NOTES OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
Store 2-Diethylaminoethanol in cool place.
Keep 2-Diethylaminoethanol container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep 2-Diethylaminoethanol away from strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, Copper, Zinc, Iron.
Do not 2-Diethylaminoethanol store near acids.



PREPARATION OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
2-Diethylaminoethanol is prepared commercially by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene oxide.
(C2H5)2NH + cyclo(CH2CH2)O → (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
*Trialkylamines
*Primary alcohols
*Organopnictogen compounds
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
*Tertiary aliphatic amine
*Tertiary amine
*1,2-aminoalcohol
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organopnictogen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Primary alcohol
*Organooxygen compound
*Alcohol
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
CAS Number: 100-37-8
Molecular Weight: 117.19
Beilstein: 741863
EC Number: 202-845-2
MDL number: MFCD00002850
Chemical formula: C6H15NO
Molar mass: 117.192 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Ammoniacal
Density: 884 mg mL−1
Melting point: −70 °C; −94 °F; 203 K
Boiling point: 161.1 °C; 321.9 °F; 434.2 K
Solubility in water: Miscible
log P: 0.769

Vapor pressure: 100 Pa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD): 1.441–1.442
Molecular Weight: 117.19 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 117.115364102 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 117.115364102 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 23.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 43.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
InChI: InChI=1/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H
CAS Number: 100-37-8
EC Index Number: 603-048-00-6
EC Number: 202-845-2
Hill Formula: C₆H₁₅NO
Chemical Formula: (C₂H₅)₂NCH₂CH₂OH
Molar Mass: 117.19 g/mol
HS Code: 2922 19 52
Boiling Point: 163 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.88 g/cm³ (20 °C)
Explosion Limit: 0.7% (V)

Flash Point: 50 °C
Ignition Temperature: 270 °C
Melting Point: -68 °C
pH Value: 11.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor Pressure: 1 hPa (20 °C)
Physical State: Clear, liquid
Color: Colorless
Odor: Ammoniacal
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -68 °C
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: 161 °C (lit.)
Flammability (Solid, Gas): No data available
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits:
Upper Explosion Limit: 11.7% (V),
Lower Explosion Limit: 1.4% (V)
Flash Point: 50 °C - closed cup

Autoignition Temperature: 320 °C at 1.013 hPa
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity:
Kinematic viscosity: No data available,
Dynamic viscosity: 4.022 mPa.s at 25 °C
Water Solubility: Completely miscible
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Pow: 0.21 at 23 °C
Vapor Pressure: 1 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 0.884 g/cm³ at 25 °C (lit.)
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available
Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: No data available
Other Safety Information: Relative vapor density: 4.05 (Air = 1.0)



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
DESCRIPTION:
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL (DEEA) is a tertiary alkanolamine multi-component aqueous solvent.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL has a high chemical stability and resistance against degradation.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used to prepare quaternary ammonium salts.
These salts are widely used as phase transfer catalysts to promote reactions between immiscible phases.

CAS Number: 100-37-8
EC Number: 202-845-2
Linear Formula:(C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH



SYNONYM(S) OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
N,N-Diethylethanolamine, DEAE, DEEA 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,Diethylaminoethanol,2-Diethylaminoethanol,N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol,N,N-Diethylethanolamine,Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine,(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,2-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol,2-Hydroxytriethylamine,2-Diethylaminoethanol,2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE,BETA-DIETHYLAMINOETHYL ALCOHOL,DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLAMINO-2 ETHANOL,Diethylaminoethanol,DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE,DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE (DEEA),2-Diethylaminoethanol,Diethylaminoethanol,N,N-DIETHYL-2-AMINOETHANOL,N,N-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,N,N-DIETHYLETHANOLAMINE,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,2-(dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride,2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethanol hydrochloride,2-diethylaminoethanol,2-diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride,2-diethylaminoethanol hydrochloride, 14C-labeled,2-diethylaminoethanol sulfate (2:1),2-diethylaminoethanol tartrate,2-diethylaminoethanol, sodium salt,DEAE,deanol hydrochloride,diethylaminoethanol,diethylethanolamine,ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-, hydrochloride (1:1),ethanol, 2-dimethylamino-, hydrochloride,N,N-diethylethanolamine,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,2-Diethylaminoethanol,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,100-37-8,N,N-Diethylethanolamine,Diethylethanolamine,DEAE,(Diethylamino)ethanol,Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-,N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol,(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine,2-(Diethylamino)Ethan-1-Ol,Diethylmonoethanolamine,2-Hydroxytriethylamine,Pennad 150,Diaethylaminoaethanol,2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine,N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine,beta-Diethylaminoethanol,beta-Hydroxytriethylamine,2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol,Diethylamino ethanol,N-Diethylaminoethanol,2-N-Diethylaminoethanol,diethyl ethanolamine,DEEA,beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol,2-diethylamino-ethanol,N-(Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine,NSC 8759,N,N-Diethylaminoethanol,2-(diethylamino)-ethanol,2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol,.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethanol,ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO,S6DL4M053U,beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol,DTXSID5021837,CHEBI:52153,.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol
NSC-8759,N,N-Diethyl-N-(.beta.-hydroxyethyl)amine,DTXCID401837,ethane, 1-diethylamino-2-hydroxy-,CAS-100-37-8,Diaethylaminoaethanol [German],CCRIS 4793,HSDB 329,EINECS 202-845-2,UN2686,UNII-S6DL4M053U,-diethylamino,AI3-16309,2-Diethylamino,Diathylaminoathanol,Diethylamlnoethanol,MFCD00002850,N, N-Diethylethanolamine,beta-(Diethylamino)ethanol,N,N-diethyl ethanol amine,2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686] [Corrosive],.beta.-Hydroxytriethylamine,EC 202-845-2,SCHEMBL3114,2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI,CHEMBL1183,Diaethylaminoaethanol(german),2-(diethylamino)-1-ethanol,MLS002174251,2-(N,N-diethylamino)-ethanol,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, 99%,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [HSDB],N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine,NSC8759,HMS3039I08,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, >=99%,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MART.],WLN: Q2N2 & 2,DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [WHO-DD],N-(hydroxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl amine,Tox21_201463,Tox21_300037,BBL012211,STL163552,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MI],2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, >=99.5%,AKOS000119883,UN 2686,NCGC00090925-01,NCGC00090925-02,NCGC00090925-03,NCGC00253920-01,NCGC00259014-01,A 22,BP-20552,SMR001261425,VS-03234,DB-012722,D0465,NS00006343,2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686] [Corrosive],D88192,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL, purum, >=99.0% (GC),Q209373,2-Diethylaminoethanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile,J-520312,Diethyl ethanolamine Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine,InChI=1/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H


2-diethylaminoethanol appears as a colorless liquid.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL has Flash point 103-140 °F.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is Less dense than water.

Vapors of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is heavier than air.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

2-diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is functionally related to an ethanolamine.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.


Diethylethanolamine (DEAE) is the organic compound with the molecular formula (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH.
A colorless liquid, is used as a precursor in the production of a variety of chemical commodities such as the local anesthetic procaine.


APPLICATIONS OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL (DEEA) can be used as a co-solvent with methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and sulfolane to investigate the CO2 absorption and desorption behavior in aqueous solutions.
Additionally, DEAE is used to prepare N-substituted glycine derivatives and these compounds are used in the synthesis of peptides and proteins.

2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL reacts with 4-aminobenzoic acid to make procaine.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is a precursor for DEAE-cellulose resin, which is commonly used in ion exchange chromatography.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL can decrease the surface tension of water when the temperature is increased.[3]
Solutions of 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL absorb carbon dioxide (CO2).

2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is also used as a pH stabilizer.



USE AND EMISSION SOURCES 1 2 3 4:
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of emulsifying agents, specialty soaps and other chemicals for applications in:
Pharmaceutical industry
pesticides
the paper
leather products
plastics
anti-rust products
the paintings
the textile
cosmetics
surface coatings...


PREPARATION OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is prepared commercially by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene oxide.[4]
(C2H5)2NH + cyclo(CH2CH2)O → (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin.[5


CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL:
vapor density
4.04 (vs air)
Quality Level
100
vapor pressure
1 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Assay
≥99.5%
expl. lim.
11.7 %
refractive index
n20/D 1.441 (lit.)
bp
161 °C (lit.)
density
0.884 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string
CCN(CC)CCO
InChI
1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI key
BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight:
117.19
Beilstein:
741863
Chemical formula C6H15NO
Molar mass 117.192 g•mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Ammoniacal
Density 884 mg mL−1
Melting point −70 °C; −94 °F; 203 K[1]
Boiling point 161.1 °C; 321.9 °F; 434.2 K
Solubility in water miscible[1]
log P 0.769
Vapor pressure 100 Pa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD) 1.441–1.442
CAS number 100-37-8
CE index number 603-048-00-6
CE number 202-845-2
Hill formula C₆H₁₅NO
Chemical formula (C₂H₅)₂NCH₂CH₂OH
Molar Mass 117.19 g/mol
Code SH 2922 19 52
Boiling point 163 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 0.88 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 0.7%(V)
Flash point 50 °C
Ignition temperature 270 °C
Fusion point -68 °C
pH value 11.5 (100 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 1 hPa (20 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 0.883 - 0.885
Water (K. F.) ≤ 0.30 %
Identity (IR) passes test
Molecular Weight
117.19 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
XLogP3-AA
0.3
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
1
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Rotatable Bond Count
4
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Exact Mass
117.115364102 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Monoisotopic Mass
117.115364102 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Topological Polar Surface Area
23.5Ų
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Heavy Atom Count
8
Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge
0
Computed by PubChem
Complexity
43.8
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Isotope Atom Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
vapor pressure
1.9 hPa ( 20 °C)
Quality Level
200
Assay
≥99.0% (GC)
form
liquid
autoignition temp.
270 °C
potency
1300 mg/kg LD50, oral (Rat)
1109 mg/kg LD50, skin (Rabbit)

expl. lim.
0.7 % (v/v)
pH
11.5 (20 °C, 100 g/L in H2O)
bp
163 °C/1013 hPa
mp
-68 °C
transition temp
flash point 51 °C
density
0.88 g/cm3 at 20 °C
storage temp.
2-30°C
InChI
1S/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChI key
BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Storage Temperature
RT
European Com.#
202-845-2
Hazmat Ship
Check subsku for hazmat
Purity
>99%
Appearance color
Clear, colorless
Appearance form
Liquid
Molecular Formula
C6H15NO
Molecular Weight
117.19
Density
0.884 g/mL at 25°C
Melting point
-70°C
Boiling point
161°C
Solubility (@ RT)
Solubility in water: Soluble
Solubility in other solvents: Soluble in alcohol, ether and benzene
Melting Point -70°C
Density 0.883
pH 11.5
Boiling Point 161°C to 163°C
Flash Point 52°C (125°F)
Odor Amine-like
Linear Formula (CH3CH2)2NCH2CH2OH
Refractive Index 1.4415
Quantity 1000 mL
UN Number UN2686
Beilstein 741863
Sensitivity Air and light sensitive; Hygroscopic
Merck Index 14,3112
Solubility Information It is miscible in water.
Molecular Weight (g/mol) 117.192
Formula Weight 117.19
Percent Purity 99%
Chemical Name or Material 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.
2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is aminoethanol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by ethyl groups.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a member of ethanolamines, a tertiary amino compound and a primary alcohol.
2-Diethylaminoethanol derives from an ethanolamine.

CAS: 100-37-8
MF: C6H15NO
MW: 117.19
EINECS: 202-845-2

Synonyms
β-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol;2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL,REAGENT;Dietyleneglycol;1,2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL;2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANE;Diethylethanolamin;2-(DIETHYLAMINO)-ETHANOL 99+%;2-diethylaminoethanol N,N-diethylethanolamine;2-(Diethylamino)ethanol;2-Diethylaminoethanol;DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL;100-37-;N,N-Diethylethanolamine;Diethylethanolamine;DEAE;(Diethylamino)ethanol;Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)-;N,N-Diethyl-2-aminoethanol;(2-Hydroxyethyl)diethylamine;Diethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amine;Diethylmonoethanolamine;2-Hydroxytriethylamine;Pennad 150;Diaethylaminoaethanol;2-(Diethylamino)Ethan-1-Ol;2-(N,N-Diethylamino)ethanol;N,N-Diethylmonoethanolamine;N,N-Diethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine;beta-Diethylaminoethanol;beta-Hydroxytriethylamine;2-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol;Diethylamino ethanol;N-Diethylaminoethanol;2-diethylamino-ethanol;2-N-Diethylaminoethanol;diethyl ethanolamine;DEEA;beta-Diethylaminoethyl alcohol;N-(Diethylamino)ethanol;N,N-Diethyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine;NSC 8759;N,N-Diethylaminoethanol;2-(diethylamino)-ethanol;2-N-(Diethylamino)ethanol;.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethanol;ETHANOL,2-DIETHYLAMINO;S6DL4M053U;beta-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol;DTXSID5021837;CHEBI:52153;.beta.-(Diethylamino)ethyl alcohol;NSC-8759;N,N-Diethyl-N-(.beta.-hydroxyethyl)amine;DTXCID401837;CAS-100-37-8;Diaethylaminoaethanol [German];CCRIS 4793;HSDB 329;EINECS 202-845-2;UN2686;UNII-S6DL4M053U;-diethylamino;AI3-16309;2-Diethylamino;Diathylaminoathanol;Diethylamlnoethanol;MFCD00002850;N, N-Diethylethanolamine;beta-(Diethylamino)ethanol;N,N-diethyl ethanol amine;2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686] [Corrosive]
;.beta.-Hydroxytriethylamine;EC 202-845-2;SCHEMBL3114;2-Diethylaminoethanol, 9CI;CHEMBL1183
;Diaethylaminoaethanol(german);2-(diethylamino)-1-ethanol;MLS002174251;2-(N,N-diethylamino)-ethanol;2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, 99%;DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [HSDB];N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)diethylamine;NSC8759;HMS3039I08;2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99%;DIETHYL ETHANOLAMINE [INCI];DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [MART.];WLN: Q2N2 & 2;DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL [WHO-DD];N-(hydroxyethyl)-N,N-diethyl amine;Tox21_201463;Tox21_300037;2-(DIETHYLAMINO)ETHANOL [MI];2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, >=99.5%;AKOS000119883;UN 2686;NCGC00090925-01;NCGC00090925-02;NCGC00090925-03;NCGC00253920-01;NCGC00259014-01;A 22;BP-20552;SMR001261425;VS-03234;D0465;2-Diethylaminoethanol [UN2686] [Corrosive];D88192;2-(Diethylamino)ethanol, purum, >=99.0% (GC);Q209373;2-Diethylaminoethanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile;J-520312;Diethyl ethanolamine Diethylaminoethanol 2-Hydroxytriethylamine;InChI=1/C6H15NO/c1-3-7(4-2)5-6-8/h8H,3-6H2,1-2H

2-Diethylaminoethanol derives from a hydride of a triethylamine.
A colorless liquid.
Flash point 103-140°F.
Less dense than water.
Vapors heavier than air.
Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
Causes burns to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is the organic compound with the molecular formula (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH.
A colorless liquid, is used as a precursor in the production of a variety of chemical commodities such as the local anesthetic procaine.

2-Diethylaminoethanol Chemical Properties
Melting point: -70 °C
Boiling point: 161 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.884 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 4.04 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.441(lit.)
Fp: 120 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: soluble
Form: Crystalline Powder
pka: 14.74±0.10(Predicted)
Color: White to pale yellow
PH Range: 10
Odor: Characteristic ammoniacal odor
PH: 11.5 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Explosive limit: 0.7%(V)
Water Solubility: soluble
Freezing Point: -70℃
Merck: 14,3112
BRN: 741863
Exposure limits NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (50 mg/m3), IDLH 100 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 2 ppm (adopted).
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids.
Moisture sensitive. Hygroscopic.
InChIKey: BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.21 at 23℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 100-37-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-Diethylaminoethanol (100-37-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Diethylaminoethanol (100-37-8)

Colorless liquid with a nauseating, weak, ammonia odor; hygroscopic; very soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether acetone, benzene, and petroleum ether.
Colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a nauseating, ammonia-like odor.
Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 50 μg/m3 (11 ppbv) and 190 μg/m3 (40 ppbv), respectively.

Uses
Water-soluble salts; textile softeners; antirust formulations; fatty acid derivatives; pharmaceuticals; curing agent for resins; emulsifying agents in acid media; organic synthesis.
Diethylethanolamine can be used as a precursor chemical to procaine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used for the synthesis of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry and as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers in the chemical industry.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also used as a pH stabilizer.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-Diethylaminoethanolt use as a chemical intermediate for production of emulsifiers, detergents, and solubilizers.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also an intermediate for manufacturing cosmetics; textile finishing agents, fabric softeners, and dyes; drugs and pharmaceuticals, and fatty acid.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also used in antirust compositions, and acts as a curing agent for resins.

2-Diethylaminoethanol is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam and condensate lines by neutralizing carbonic acid and scavenging oxygen.
2-Diethylaminoethanol reacts with 4-aminobenzoic acid to make procaine.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a precursor for DEAE-cellulose resin, which is commonly used in ion exchange chromatography.
2-Diethylaminoethanol can decrease the surface tension of water when the temperature is increased.
Solutions of DEAE absorb carbon dioxide (CO2).

Industrial uses
2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of the local anesthetics procaine and chloroquine; and in the chemical industry for the manufacture of water-soluble salts, fatty-acid derivatives, derivatives containing tertiary amine groups, emulsifiers, special soaps, cosmetics and textiles and fibers.
2-Diethylaminoethanol also is used in chromatography in chemistry and biochemistry laboratories (DEAE is useful as an ion-exchange matrix; DEAE-cellulose columns are used for purification of proteins and DNA, and DEAE-silica for phospholipid separations).
In other industries 2-Diethylaminoethanol is used in some antirust compositions and in textile softeners.
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also used widely as a steam additive in large buildings requiring humidifiers.

Production Methods
2-Diethylaminoethanol is a tertiary amine produced by reaction of ethylene oxide or ethylene chlorhydrin and diethylamine.
Itokazu (1987) has modified this process for manufacture of 2-Diethylaminoethanol without eventual discoloration.
Production in this country exceeds 2866 pounds per year.

Preparation
2-Diethylaminoethanol is prepared commercially by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene oxide.
(C2H5)2NH + cyclo(CH2CH2)O → (C2H5)2NCH2CH2OH
2-Diethylaminoethanol is also possible to prepare it by the reaction of diethylamine and ethylene chlorohydrin.

Reactivity Profile
2-Diethylaminoethanol is an aminoalcohol.
Amines are chemical bases.
They neutralize acids to form salts plus water.
These acid-base reactions are exothermic.
The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base.
Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
2-Diethylaminoethanol can react with strong oxidizers and acids.
2-Ethoxyethoxy Ethyl Acrylate
4-Hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid disodium salt; 1-Naphthol-3,6-disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt Hydrate; Disodium 4-Hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonate Hydrate; Rudolf Guercke Acid Disodium Salt Hydrate; 4-Hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic Acid Disodium Salt Hydrate; Violet Acid Disodium Salt Hydrate cas no : 20349-39-7
2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid will burn though 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may take some effort to ignite.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is slightly soluble in water.

CAS Number: 149-57-5
Molecular Formula: C8H16O2
Molecular Weight: 144.21
EINECS Number: 205-743-6

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, 149-57-5, 2-Ethylcaproic acid, Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, Ethylhexanoic acid, Ethylhexoic acid, 2-Ethylhexoic acid, Butylethylacetic acid, 2-Butylbutanoic acid, 3-Heptanecarboxylic acid, Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-hexoic acid, 2-ethyl hexanoic acid, alpha-Ethylcaproic acid, 2-ethyl-hexanoic acid, Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-, alpha-ethyl caproic acid, .alpha.-Ethylcaproic acid, 2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid, 61788-37-2, 01MU2J7VVZ, 2-EHA, 2-ETHYL HEXOIC ACID, AR, DTXSID9025293, CHEBI:89058, NSC-8881, MFCD00002675, 2-ethylhexanoicacid, 2-Ethylhexansaeure, DTXCID805293, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, >=99%, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, analytical standard, CAS-149-57-5, 2 ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID, CCRIS 3348, HSDB 5649, Kyselina 2-ethylkapronova [Czech], NSC 8881, Kyselina 2-ethylkapronova, EINECS 205-743-6, (+/-)-2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, UNII-01MU2J7VVZ, Kyselina heptan-3-karboxylova [Czech], BRN 1750468, Kyselina heptan-3-karboxylova, AI3-01371, Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, (-)-, EINECS 262-971-9, 2-Ethylcapronic acid, 2-Ethyl-Hexonic acid, alpha-Ethylhexanoic acid, .alpha.-Ethylhexanoic acid, EC 205-743-6, SCHEMBL25800, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, 99%, MLS002415695, CHEMBL1162485, WLN: QVY4 & 2, NSC8881, HMS2267F21, STR05759, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid [HSDB], Tox21_201406, Tox21_300108, LMFA01020087, AKOS009031416, AT29893, CS-W016381, SB44987, SB44994, Hexanoic acid,2-ethyl-, tridecyl ester, NCGC00091324-01, NCGC00091324-02, NCGC00091324-03, NCGC00253985-01, NCGC00258957-01, SMR001252268, E0120, FT-0612273, FT-0654390, EN300-20410, Q209384, W-109079, F0001-0703, Z104478072, 18FEB650-7573-4EA0-B0CD-9D8BED766547, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is corrosive to metals and tissue.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used to make paint dryers and plasticizers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is the organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2H.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid that is widely used to prepare lipophilic metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless viscous oil.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is supplied as a racemic mixture.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is produced industrially from propylene, which is hydroformylated to give butyraldehyde.
Aldol condensation of the aldehyde gives 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, which is hydrogenated to 2-ethylhexanal.
Oxidation of this aldehyde gives the carboxylic acid.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid forms compounds with metal cations that have stoichiometry as metal acetates.
These ethylhexanoate complexes are used in organic and industrial chemical synthesis.
They function as catalysts in polymerizations as well as for oxidation reactions as "oil drying agents."

They are highly soluble in nonpolar solvents.
These metal complexes are often described as salts.
They are, however, not ionic but charge-neutral coordination complexes.

Their structures are akin to the corresponding acetates.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless to light yellow, liquid organic compound.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used in the preparation of metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.

The highly toxic, combustible carboxylic acid is used to make paint dryers and plasticizers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless, transparent liquid with a faint odor.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is slightly soluble in water.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be industrially produced from propylene which can be renewably produced.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid or 2-EHA, is a carboxylic acid with the molecular formula C8H16O2.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a branched-chain, eight-carbon organic acid with a carboxyl group (COOH) at one end.

The chemical structure of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is derived from hexanoic acid by adding an ethyl group (C2H5) to the second carbon atom of the chain.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid (EHXA, 2-EHA) is an industrially important aliphatic carboxylic acid.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely employed as a stabilizer and a wood preservative.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also called 2-EHA, is a commonly used organic compound, mainly to make lipophilic metal by-products that can dissolve in nonionic organic solvents.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid with the formula C8H16O2 with a generally high boiling point and mild odor.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a viscous and colorless oil with one carboxylic class found on a C8 carbon chain and is immiscible in water.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be used as a substitute for naphthenic acid in some applications.
Industrially, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is manufactured using propylene, often generated from fossil fuels and other sources which are renewable.
In other words, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be more effectively manufactured than naphthenic acid.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid produces metallic compounds that undergo stoichiometry in the form of metal acetates.
In most cases, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid derivatives are used in industrial and organic chemical applications.
The ethyl hexanoate complexes also serve as catalysts in oxidation reactions and polymerizations (as oil drying agents).

As a versatile chemical intermediate, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid has multiple applications, including the following.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is the organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2H.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid that is widely used to prepare lipophilic metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless viscous oil.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is supplied as a racemic mixture.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless, high boiling liquid having a mild odor.

The metallic salts of Eastman™ 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid are used as driers for odorless paints, inks, varnishes, and enamels.
Cobalt and manganese are the most important driers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-ethylhexanoate or alpha-ethylcaproic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids.

These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a potentially toxic compound.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used to prepare metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
These lipophilic metal-containing derivatives are used as catalysts in polymerizations.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is the organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2H.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid that is widely used to prepare lipophilic metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is colourless viscous oil.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is supplied as a racemic mixture.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used to prepare metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
These lipophilic metal-containing derivatives are used as catalysts in polymerizations.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-EHA or 2-Ethylcaproic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula C8H16O2.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used in various industries, including the production of plasticizers, lubricants, and coatings.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the preparation of metal derivatives, which act as a catalyst in polymerization reactions.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the manufacturing of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also used as a stabilizer for polyvinyl chlorides.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also involved in solvent extraction and dye granulation.

Further, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used to prepare plasticizers, lubricants, detergents, flotation aids, corrosion inhibitors and alkyd resins.
In addition to this, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid serves as a catalyst for polyurethane foaming.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is an industrially important aliphatic carboxylic acid.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely employed as a stabilizer and a wood preservative.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid has various industrial applications, such as:coolant in automotivessynthetic lubricantwetting agent co-solventdrying of paintsdefoaming agent in pesticides
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-ethylhexanoate or sinesto b, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids.

These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms.
Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-ethylhexanoate or a-ethyl caproate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids.

These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a potentially toxic compound.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid (2-EHA) is one of the flagship products within Perstorp Group which has the largest production capacity in the world.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless liquid with one carboxylic group based on a C8 carbon chain.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used in esters for PVB film plasticizers and synthetic lubricants, in production of metal soaps for paint driers, in automotive coolants and PVC stabilizers.

Other application areas include wood preservatives, catalyst for polyurethane and in pharmaceuticals.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid (EHXA, 2-EHA) is an industrially important aliphatic carboxylic acid.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely employed as a stabilizer and a wood preservative.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid will burn though it may take some effort to ignite.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is slightly soluble in water.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is corrosive to metals and tissue.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used to make paint dryers and plasticizers.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is produced industrially from propylene, which is hydroformylated to give butyraldehyde.
Aldol condensation of the aldehyde gives 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, which is hydrogenated to 2-ethylhexanal.
Oxidation of this aldehyde gives the carboxylic acid.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid forms compounds with metal cations that have stoichiometry as metal acetates.
These ethylhexanoate complexes are used in organic and industrial chemical synthesis.
They function as catalysts in polymerizations as well as for oxidation reactions as "oil drying agents.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid primarily used to prepare metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
Ungraded products supplied by Spectrum are indicative of a grade suitable for general industrial use or research purposes and typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be used as an intermediate for paint and coating driers, as an alkyd resin modifier, as a catalyst for the production of peroxides and as a stabilizer for lubricating oil esters and PVC, etc., and has a wide range of market applications.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a chiral compound that is synthesized by the asymmetric synthesis of (R)-2-hydroxyacetic acid.
The enantiomers of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid are separated by an injection column, which can be used to determine the enantiomeric purity of racemic mixtures.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also a natural substrate for human enzymes and has been shown to have stereoselective activity in assays.

Enzymes that metabolize 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid include carboxylic acid synthase, which converts it into crotonic acid, and acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase, which converts it into 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA.
The stereoselectivity of these enzymes has been investigated using crystallographic techniques.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also a regioselective inhibitor of branched-chain amino acid aminot

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is the organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2H.
This carboxylic acid is widely used to prepare metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a synthetic mixture of isomers of tertiary carboxylic acids with ten carbon atoms.

It can be used to replace 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid and most of its salts, which have been reclassified as Reprotoxic Category 1B by the Risk Assessment Committee of ECHA, taking effect November 2023.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-EH Acid, is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid substance with a mildly sweet odor.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is slightly soluble in water and it is flammable, though will not self-ignite.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is considered corrosive to most metals.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is most commonly used in the paint and coatings industry as well as in the manufacturing of various plasticizers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used in the production of paint dryers and plasticizers.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is most often used in esters for PVB film plasticizers and in synthetic lubricants.
Other common applications are in automobile coolants as a corrosion inhibitor, in PVC stabilizers and in the production of metal soaps for paint driers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also a common catalyst in pharmaceuticals and for polyurethane.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is often found as an ingredient in wood preservatives.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is often used as a chemical intermediate in the production of various chemicals and materials.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid has applications in the synthesis of esters, plasticizers, and metal derivatives.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is commonly employed as a raw material in the production of metal carboxylates, which are used as catalysts in various chemical processes.
Additionally, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is utilized as a component in the formulation of certain coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is unique properties make it suitable for use in these applications, contributing to properties such as adhesion and flexibility.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be synthesized through various methods, including the oxidation of 2-ethylhexanol or the esterification of 2-ethylhexanol with acetic acid, followed by hydrolysis.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is commonly used in the production of plasticizers, which are additives that improve the flexibility and durability of plastics.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid serves as a precursor in the preparation of metal carboxylates, which are used as catalysts in reactions such as the production of polyurethanes.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is utilized in the formulation of coatings, resins, and inks, contributing to the performance and application properties of these materials.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid acts as a versatile intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a valuable industrial chemical with applications in diverse fields such as the production of adhesives, sealants, lubricants, and certain pharmaceuticals.

Like any chemical, proper safety precautions should be taken when handling 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is important to follow recommended safety guidelines, use appropriate personal protective equipment, and store the compound in accordance with safety regulations.

Melting point: -59 °C
Boiling point: 228 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.906
vapor density: 4.98 (vs air)
vapor pressure: refractive index: n20/D 1.425(lit.)
Flash point: 230 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: 1.4g/l
form: Liquid
pka: pK1:4.895 (25°C)
color: Clear
PH: 3 (1.4g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: Mild odour
PH Range: 3 at 1.4 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity: 7.73 cps
explosive limit: 1.04%, 135°F
Water Solubility: 2 g/L (20 ºC)
BRN: 1750468
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 5 mg/m3
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases.
InChIKey: OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 2.7 at 25℃

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is known for forming stable metal complexes.
Metal salts and complexes of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid find applications in various industries, such as in the production of heat stabilizers for PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the production of polymeric materials.

For instance, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be involved in the synthesis of polymers through processes like polycondensation reactions.
Certain metal carboxylates derived from 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can act as catalysts in various chemical reactions, including esterification and transesterification reactions.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is sometimes used as an additive in lubricants to enhance their performance.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can contribute to improving the lubricating properties and thermal stability of oils.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid has a characteristic, somewhat unpleasant odor.
This property can be relevant in applications where odor may be a consideration, such as in the formulation of consumer products.

As with any chemical, regulatory standards and guidelines may apply to the production, handling, and use of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid.
Users should be aware of and adhere to relevant safety and environmental regulations.
Ongoing research explores new applications and processes involving 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid.

Researchers may investigate 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is properties for potential advancements in materials science, catalysis, or other fields.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, Europe is a colorless, high boiling liquid having a mild odor.
The metallic salts of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid are used as driers for odorless paints, inks, varnishes, and enamels. Cobalt and manganese are the most important driers.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a clear liquid with a mild odour. An organic compound, this chemical is an aliphatic carboxylic acid with uses in both industrial and consumer products.
In consumer products, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is found in de-icers, car care products, paints, greases and lubricants to name a few.
Industrially, this chemical has applications in stabilisers, preservatives, coolants, wetting agents, pesticides and lubricants.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a chemical intermediate used as a compound for example in the production of synthetic lubricants as well oil additives.
BASF operates a 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid production plant at its Verbund site in Ludwigshafen, Germany.
The first of its kind in the ASEAN region and is expected to be commissioned in Q4 2016, with a total annual capacity of 30,000 metric tons.

The term “backward integration” explains the benefits of BASF’s Verbund concept.
By linking one plant with another, products and by-products from one plant could serve as a precursor in other plants.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid.

Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them.
They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic.
Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat.

Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt.
Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water.
Soluble carboxylic acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions.

Many insoluble 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt.
Such reactions occur in principle for solid 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry.

Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids.

Insoluble carboxylic acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of carboxylic acids with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat.

Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat.
Like other organic compounds, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents.
These reactions generate heat. A wide variety of products is possible.

Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can undergo various chemical reactions to form derivatives.
For example, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be esterified to produce esters that are used as plasticizers in the manufacturing of flexible plastics.

When used in the synthesis of polymers, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can influence the properties of the resulting materials.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is incorporation can affect factors such as flexibility, adhesion, and thermal stability in the final product.
Due to its ability to enhance adhesion properties, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is sometimes incorporated into adhesive formulations.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid contributes to the adhesive's ability to bond to various surfaces.
Analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), are often employed to identify and quantify 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid in different samples.
While 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is not known for extreme toxicity, appropriate precautions should be taken when handling it.

As with any chemical, its impact on biological systems and the environment should be considered in industrial applications.
The production and market demand for 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can vary across regions and industries.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is produced on a commercial scale and is an important chemical in the manufacturing sector.

Ongoing research may focus on optimizing the synthesis of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, exploring new applications, or developing more environmentally friendly production methods.
The chemical compatibility of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid with other compounds is an important consideration in various applications, such as in the formulation of complex mixtures like coatings, inks, and adhesives.

Uses:
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the preparation of metal derivatives, which act as a catalyst in polymerization reactions.
For example, tin 2-ethylhexanoate is used in the manufacturing of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also used as a stabilizer for polyvinyl chlorides.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also involved in solvent extraction and dye granulation.
Further, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used to prepare plasticizers, lubricants, detergents, flotation aids, corrosion inhibitors and alkyd resins.
In addition to this, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid serves as a catalyst for polyurethane foaming.

As a reactant in esterification , decarboxylative alkynylation , and preparation of alkyl coumarins via decarboxylative coupling reactions.
In the organocatalytic medium for the preparation of various 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid by Biginelli reaction.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acids of light metals are used to convert some mineral oils to greases.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is esters are used as plasticizers.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used to produce corrosion inhibitors for lubricants and automotive coolants.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid also serves as wood preservatives and makes lubricant additives as well as synthetic lubricants.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also used in the production of PVC heat stabilizers, PVB film plasticizers, metal soaps for paint driers, and other chemicals.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is commonly used in esters in Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film plasticizers and as a raw material for polyesters applied in synthetic oils.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid’s metal salts are used to prepare synthetic lubricant additives used in various industrial lubricant applications.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used in coating applications to enhance performance and resistance.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid produces alkyd resins that help improve yellowing resistance better than ordinary fatty acids.
This monomer is ideal for stoving enamels and 2-component coatings.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can also be used in other applications, including the catalyst for polyurethane, wood preservatives, and pharmaceuticals.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is sometimes used in the formulation of inks, particularly in the production of printing inks.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is properties contribute to the ink's adhesion and printability on various surfaces.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be involved in the production of certain detergents, where its surfactant properties may be advantageous in enhancing cleaning performance.
In the textile industry, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may be used as an auxiliary agent in processes like dyeing or finishing to achieve specific textile properties.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is utilized as a flotation agent in mineral processing, helping to separate minerals from ores during the flotation process.

Some derivatives of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may find applications in the formulation of herbicides and pesticides in agriculture.
In the construction industry, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may be used in the formulation of certain construction materials, including sealants and caulks.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be found in certain cleaning products, contributing to their formulation for effective removal of dirt, grease, or other contaminants.

Certain food-grade derivatives of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may be used in the production of food contact materials, such as coatings for packaging materials.
In the cosmetic industry, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid or its derivatives may be used in the formulation of cosmetic and personal care products such as lotions, creams, and hair care products.
In the production of solar panels, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be used in certain processes related to the fabrication of photovoltaic cells.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may find application in the oil and gas industry as a component in certain oilfield chemicals used for drilling, production, or enhanced oil recovery processes.
In biomedical research, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid or its derivatives may be explored for potential applications, such as in drug delivery systems or biomaterials.
The chemicals in 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid are reported to have cosmetic use to produce emollients and skin conditioners.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is widely used in hair care products, hand creams, face creams, body lotions, and make-up products like foundation, concealer, and hair care products.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also used in manufacturing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) stabilizers and Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) plasticizers in the form of metal salts.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid reacts with metallic components like manganese and cobalt to produce metallic salt derivatives.

Bisley International has been the leading chemical raw material supplier in the United States and worldwide for over half a century.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid contains metal salts that serve as corrosion inhibitors in coolants.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also used to make polyol ester which acts as a lubricant for refrigerant appliances.

In the rubber industry, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is sometimes used as a vulcanization aid.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can contribute to the cross-linking of rubber polymers, enhancing the strength and elasticity of rubber products.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is employed as an additive in certain paint formulations to improve characteristics such as flow properties, drying time, and adhesion to surfaces.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used as an additive in fuel formulations to improve combustion properties and reduce engine deposits.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid finds application in the textile industry, where it may be used in the processing of fibers and fabrics, contributing to certain desirable properties.
Due to its lubricating properties, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be incorporated into metalworking fluids to enhance their performance in cutting, grinding, and machining operations.

In the pharmaceutical industry, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can serve as an intermediate in the synthesis of certain pharmaceutical compounds.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be involved in the production of surfactants, which are compounds that lower the surface tension between two phases (such as between a liquid and a solid).
In laboratories, researchers may use 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid as a building block in the development of new materials, catalysts, or processes.

Some derivatives of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may find application in the flavor and fragrance industry.
In electroplating processes, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be used in the formulation of certain electrolyte solutions.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be used: As a reactant in esterification , decarboxylative alkynylation , and preparation of alkyl coumarins via decarboxylative coupling reactions.

In the organocatalytic medium for the preparation of various 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/thiones by Biginelli reaction.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is a versatile carboxylic acid that is commonly used in a variety of industrial applications.
When reacted with certain metals, it forms salts that are widely used as additives in paint and plasticizer formulations, as well as in the production of paint and lacquer dryers and PVC stabilizers.

The esters of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, particularly those obtained by glycols, tri glycols, and polyethylene glycols, are known for their lubricant properties.
They are excellent plasticizers for PVC, nitrocellulose, chlorinated rubber, and polypropylene.
These properties make 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid a popular choice in producing various chemicals and materials in the industry.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the preparation of metal derivatives, which act as a catalyst in polymerization reactions.
For example, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the manufacturing of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also used as a stabilizer for polyvinyl chlorides.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is also involved in solvent extraction and dye granulation.
Further, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used to prepare plasticizers, lubricants, detergents, flotation aids, corrosion inhibitors and alkyd resins.
In addition to this, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid serves as a catalyst for polyurethane foaming.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used as a chemical intermediate and for manufacture of resins used for baking enamels, lubricants, detergents, flotation aids, and corrosion inhibitors; also used as a catalyst for polyurethane foaming, for solvent extraction, and for dye granulation.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used as a chemical intermediate for many products; Approximately 400 workers in US manufacturing are potentially exposed; Used in alkyd resins; Used in the mid-1980s as a wood preservative to replace chlorophenols; [ACGIH] Used to make plasticizers, lubricants, detergents, flotation aids, corrosion inhibitors, and alkyd resins; Also used as a co-solvent and defoamer in pesticides, as the active ingredient in the wood preservative Sinesto B (not used in the US), in paint dryers, heat stabilizers for PVC, and as a catalyst for polyurethane foaming, solvent extraction, and dye granulation; [HSDB] Not found in any pesticide products registered in the US.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used as a starting material to produce polyol ester oil which is mainly used as a synthetic lubricant in refrigerant systems.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid and its metal salts are used to produce a variety of functional fluids including polymer production catalysts, plasticizers in PVC production, corrosion inhibitors in coolants stabilizers, wood preservatives and to produce lubricant additives.
The zinc salt of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used as a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants and hydrogen sulfide scavenger.

One of the primary uses of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is in the production of plasticizers.
Plasticizers are additives that increase the flexibility and durability of plastics.
Esters derived from 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid, such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA), are commonly used in the production of flexible PVC (polyvinyl chloride) products, including cables, flooring, and synthetic leather.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is utilized in the synthesis of metal carboxylates, which serve as catalysts in various chemical processes.
These catalysts find applications in the production of polyurethanes, coatings, and other polymerization reactions.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is employed in the formulation of coatings, resins, and inks.

The chemical's properties contribute to adhesion, durability, and flexibility in coatings, making it valuable in the paint and coatings industry.
Due to its adhesive properties, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid helps enhance the bonding characteristics of these products.

In the lubricant industry, 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is sometimes used as an additive to improve the lubricating properties and thermal stability of oils.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is involved in the synthesis of various polymers.
The chemical can be used as a monomer or a reactant in polycondensation reactions, contributing to the formation of polymeric materials with specific properties.

2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is used in the extraction of certain metals from ores.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid is ability to form stable metal complexes is utilized in processes related to metal extraction and purification.
Metal carboxylates derived from 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid act as catalysts in chemical reactions, facilitating processes such as esterification and transesterification.

Health Hazard:
Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin.
Material is extremely destructive to tissues of mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin.

Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx, bronchii, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema.
Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting.

Safety Profile:
Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact.
An experimental teratogen.
A skin and severe eye irritant.

Combustible when exposed to heat or flame.
When heated to decomposition, it emits acrid and irritating fumes.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.

Direct contact with the skin or eyes may cause irritation, and inhalation of vapors or mists may irritate the respiratory tract.
Swallowing 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid can cause irritation to the digestive tract.
Ingestion is not a common route of exposure in industrial settings, but accidental ingestion should be avoided.

Prolonged or repeated exposure to 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may lead to sensitization in some individuals, resulting in allergic reactions upon subsequent exposure.
There is a potential aspiration hazard if the substance is swallowed.
Aspiration into the lungs during ingestion can lead to chemical pneumonia, which can be serious.

Improper disposal or release of 2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid into the environment can have adverse effects.
2-Ethyl hexanoic Acid may be harmful to aquatic life and can contribute to pollution if not handled and disposed of responsibly.

2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is found in fruits.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is found in grapes 2-Ethylhexanoic acid belongs to the family of Branched Fatty Acids.
These are fatty acids containing a branched chain.


CAS Number: 149-57-5
72377-05-0 S enantiomer
56006-48-5 R enantiomer
EC Number: 205-743-6
MDL number: MFCD00002675
Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2H
Chemical formula: C8H16O2


2-Ethylhexanoic acid is a branched-chain fatty acid.
2-Ethylhexanoic acid is a natural product found in Vitis vinifera and Artemisia arborescens with data available.
2-Ethylhexanoic acid is found in fruits.


2-Ethylhexanoic acid is found in grapes 2-Ethylhexanoic acid belongs to the family of Branched Fatty Acids.
These are fatty acids containing a branched chain.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid will burn though it may take some effort to ignite.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is slightly soluble in water.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is corrosive to metals and tissue.
2-Ethylhexanoic acid is a versatile carboxylic acid that is commonly used in a variety of industrial applications.
When reacted with certain metals, 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid forms salts that are widely used as additives in paint and plasticizer formulations, as well as in the production of paint and lacquer dryers and PVC stabilizers.


The esters of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid, particularly those obtained by glycols, tri glycols, and polyethylene glycols, are known for their lubricant properties.
They are excellent plasticizers for PVC, nitrocellulose, chlorinated rubber, and polypropylene.


These properties make 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid a popular choice in producing various chemicals and materials in the industry.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is found in fruits.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is found in grapes 2-Ethylhexanoic acid belongs to the family of Branched Fatty Acids.


These are fatty acids containing a branched chain.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a colorless, high boiling liquid having a mild odor.
The metallic salts of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid are used as driers for odorless paints, inks, varnishes, and enamels.
Cobalt and manganese are the most important driers.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a versatile monocarboxylic acid chemical intermediate.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid, also known as 2-EHA, is an industrial chemical.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is an industrially important aliphatic carboxylic acid.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is one of the flagship products within Perstorp Group which has the largest production capacity in the world.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a colorless liquid with one carboxylic group based on a C8 carbon chain.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is the organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2H.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a carboxylic acid that is widely used to prepare lipophilic metal derivatives that are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a colorless viscous oil.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is supplied as a racemic mixture.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used to make lubricants, detergents and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used intermediate for metal soap, plasticizer, detergent, alkyd resin, acid chloride and cosmetics.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is widely employed as a stabilizer and a wood preservative.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid has various industrial applications, such as coolant in automotive synthetic lubricant wetting agent co-solvent drying of paints defoaming agent in pesticides.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used in the production of corrosion inhibitors for automotive coolants.


Lubricants: 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is a major raw material for polyolesters used in synthetic lubricants.
Personal Care: In cosmetics, 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used to produce emollients.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used the production of polyvinylbutyral (PVB) plasticizers and polyvinylchloride (PVC) stabilizers in the form of metal salts.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid can be used as an intermediate for paint and coating driers, as an alkyd resin modifier, as a catalyst for the production of peroxides and as a stabilizer for lubricating oil esters and PVC, etc., and has a wide range of market applications.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is widely used in esters for PVB film plasticizers and synthetic lubricants, in production of metal soaps for paint driers, in automotive coolants and PVC stabilizers.


Other application areas of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid include wood preservatives, catalyst for polyurethane and in pharmaceuticals.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used for synthesis.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used Auto OEM, Cosmetic and personal care intermediate, Paints & coatings, Pharmaceutical chemicals, and Product description.


Other applications of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid include, catalyst for polymer production, raw material for acid chloride, and fragrances.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used as a chemical intermediate and for manufacture of resins used for baking enamels, lubricants, detergents, flotation aids, and corrosion inhibitors; also used as a catalyst for polyurethane foaming, for solvent extraction, and for dye granulation.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used to make paint dryers and plasticizers.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used in the following products: anti-freeze products, laboratory chemicals and metal working fluids.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used in the following areas: scientific research and development.
Other release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used in the following products: coating products.
Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used in the following products: coating products, laboratory chemicals, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.


2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.


-Coatings:
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is used in the synthesis of alkyd resins provides improved yellowing resistanct than the standard fatty acids.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is particularly suitable for stoving enamels and two-component coatings.
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is also used as a raw material for metal based paint driers.



HOW IS 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID USED?
A major use of 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is in the preparation of metal salts and soaps used as drying agents in paint and inks, and as thermal stabilizers in polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is also used in the manufacture of resins used in automobile windshields and vinyl flooring.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
*Branched fatty acids
*Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives
*Carboxylic acids
*Organic oxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives
*Carbonyl compounds



SUBSTITUENTS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
*Medium-chain fatty acid
*Branched fatty acid
*Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
*Carboxylic acid
*Carboxylic acid derivative
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organic oxide
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Carbonyl group
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



COMPOUND TYPE OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID
*Food Toxin
*Metabolite
*Natural Compound
*Organic Compound
*Plant Toxin



PRODUCTION OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid is produced industrially from propylene, which is hydroformylated to give butyraldehyde.
Aldol condensation of the aldehyde gives 2-ethylhexenal, which is hydrogenated to 2-ethylhexanal.
Oxidation of this aldehyde gives the carboxylic acid.



METAL ETHYLHEXANOATES:
2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid forms compounds with metal cations that have stoichiometry as metal acetates.
These ethylhexanoate complexes are used in organic and industrial chemical synthesis.
They function as catalysts in polymerizations as well as for oxidation reactions as "oil drying agents.

They are highly soluble in nonpolar solvents.
These metal complexes are often described as salts.
They are, however, not ionic but charge-neutral coordination complexes.

Their structures are akin to the corresponding acetates.
Examples of metal ethylhexanoates:
Hydroxyl aluminium bis(2-ethylhexanoate), used as a thickener

Tin(II) ethylhexanoate (CAS# 301-10-0), a catalyst for polylactide and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).[4]
Cobalt(II) ethylhexanoate (CAS# 136-52-7), a drier for alkyd resins
Nickel(II) ethylhexanoate (CAS# 4454-16-4)



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
Chemical formula: C8H16O2
Molar mass: 144.214 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 903 mg mL−1
Melting point: −59.00 °C; −74.20 °F; 214.15 K
Boiling point: 228.1 °C; 442.5 °F; 501.2 K
log P: 2.579
Vapor pressure: Acidity (pKa): 4.819
Basicity (pKb): 9.178
Refractive index (nD): 1.425
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −635.1 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): -4.8013–4.7979 MJ mol−1
Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 99.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.89300 to 0.91300 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.431 to 7.597
Refractive Index: 1.42000 to 1.42600 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -59.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 220.00 to 223.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.030000 mmHg @ 20.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 4.98 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 244.00 °F. TCC ( 117.78 °C. )
logP (o/w): 2.640
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 2000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
Insoluble in: water
Molecular Weight: 144.21 g/mol
XLogP3: 2.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 144.115029749 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 144.115029749 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 99.4
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Water Solubility: 2.07 g/L
logP: 2.61
logP: 2.8
logS: -1.8
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 5.14
Physiological Charge: -1
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 2
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 40.25 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 16.99 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: Yes

MDDR-like Rule: No
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -59 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 228 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 6,7 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,9 %(V)
Flash point: 114 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 3 at 1,4 g/l at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 2,7 at 25 °C
Vapor pressure 13 hPa at 115 °C: < 0,01 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 0,903 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapo density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 4,98 - (Air = 1.0)



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent and neutralising material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Viton
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 240 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID
149-57-5
2-Ethylcaproic acid
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-
Ethylhexanoic acid
Ethylhexoic acid
2-Ethylhexoic acid
Butylethylacetic acid
2-Butylbutanoic acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
Ethyl hexanoic acid
2-ethyl-hexoic acid
2-ethyl hexanoic acid
alpha-Ethylcaproic acid
(+/-)-2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID
.alpha.-Ethylcaproic acid
.alpha.-Ethylhexanoic acid
01MU2J7VVZ
125804-07-1
149-57-5
18FEB650-7573-4EA0-B0CD-9D8BED766547
2 ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-ethyl hexanoic acid
2-ETHYL HEXOIC ACID,AR
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-ethyl-hexanoic acid
2-ethyl-hexoic acid
2-Ethyl-Hexonic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylcapronic acid
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID [HSDB]
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, >=99%
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, 99%
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, analytical standard
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, Inhalable
2-ethylhexanoicacid
2-Ethylhexansaeure
2-Ethylhexoic acid
27648-EP2298767A1
27648-EP2314587A1
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
54213-EP2272832A1
54213-EP2292592A1
54213-EP2295438A1
54213-EP2308510A1
54213-EP2308562A2
54213-EP2374787A1
61788-37-2
AI3-01371
AKOS009031416
alpha-ethyl caproic acid
alpha-Ethylcaproic acid
alpha-Ethylhexanoic acid
AT29893
BRN 1750468
Butylethylacetic acid
C8H16O2.1/2Cu
CAS-149-57-5
CCRIS 3348
CHEBI:89058
CHEMBL1162485
CS-CY-00011
CS-W016381
DTXCID805293
DTXSID9025293
E0120
EC 205-743-6
EHO (CHRIS Code)
EINECS 205-743-6
EINECS 262-971-9
EN300-20410
Ethyl hexanoic acid
Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-
Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-
(Butyl ethyl acetic acid)
Ethylhexanoic acid
Ethylhexoic acid
F0001-0703
FT-0612273
FT-0654390
Hexanoic acid, 2- ethyl- , tridecyl ester
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, (-)-
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, copper(2++) salt
Hexanoic acid,2-ethyl-, tridecyl ester
HMS2267F21
HSDB 5649
LMFA01020087
LS-869
MFCD00002675
MLS002415695
NCGC00091324-01
NCGC00091324-02
NCGC00091324-03
NCGC00253985-01
NCGC00258957-01
NSC 8881
NSC-8881
NSC8881
Q209384
SB44987
SB44994
SCHEMBL25800
SMR001252268
STR05759
Tox21_201406
Tox21_300108
UNII-01MU2J7VVZ
W-109079
WLN: QVY4 & 2
Z104478072
α-Ethylcaproic acid
α-Ethylhexanoic acid
Butylethylacetic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
Ethylhexoic acid
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylhexanoic acid
2-Ethylhexoic acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
Kyselina 2-ethylkapronova
Kyselina heptan-3-karboxylova
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-Ethylcapronic acid
NSC 8881
2-Ethylcaproic acid
149-57-5
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-
Ethylhexoic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
Sinesto B
2-Ethylcaproic acid
Hexanoic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
2-Ethylhexanoate
Sinesto b
(+/-)-2-ethylhexanoIC ACID
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethyl hexanoic acid
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-Ethyl-hexoic acid
2-Ethyl-hexonic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylcapronic acid
2-Ethylhexoic acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
alpha-Ethylcaproic acid
alpha-Ethylhexanoic acid
Butylethylacetic acid
a-Ethyl caproate
a-Ethyl caproic acid
alpha-Ethyl caproate
Α-ethyl caproate
Α-ethyl caproic acid
2-Ethylhexanoic acid
(±)-2-Ethylhexanoic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
Octylic acid
α-Ethylcaproic acid
α-Ethylhexanoic acid
α-Ethyl-caproic Acid
(±)-2-Ethylhexanoic Acid
2-Butylbutanoic Acid
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic Acid
2-Ethylcaproic Acid
2-Ethylhexanoic Acid
2-Ethylhexoic Acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic Acid
Butylethylacetic Acid
Ethylhexanoic Acid
NSC 8881
⍺-ethylcaproic acid
⍺-ethylhexanoic acid
2-bubylbutanoic acid
butylethylacetic acid
2-ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-ethylcaproic acid
ethylhexanoic acid
ethylhexoic acid
Butylethylacetic acid
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylhexansaeure
2-Ethylhexoic acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
Ethyl hexanoic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
Ethylhexoic acid
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-
alpha-Ethylcaproic acid
(+/-)-2-ethylhexanoIC ACID
(+/-)-2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID
(±)-2-Ethylhexanoic acid
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethyl hexanoic acid
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-Ethyl-hexoic acid
2-ethyl-hexoic acid
2-Ethyl-hexonic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylhexansaeure
2-ethyl-hexanoic acid
125804-07-1
Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-
2 ETHYL HEXANOIC ACID
CCRIS 3348
HSDB 5649
alpha-ethyl caproic acid
NSC 8881
Kyselina 2-ethylkapronova
EINECS 205-743-6
.alpha.-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
UNII-01MU2J7VVZ
BRN 1750468
01MU2J7VVZ
Kyselina heptan-3-karboxylova
AI3-01371
2-ETHYL HEXOIC ACID,AR
61788-37-2
DTXSID9025293
CHEBI:89058
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, (-)-
NSC-8881
EINECS 262-971-9
2-ethylhexanoicacid
EC 205-743-6
DTXCID805293
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, >=99%
C8H16O2.1/2Cu
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, analytical standard
CAS-149-57-5
(+/-)-2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, copper(2++) salt
MFCD00002675
2-Ethylcapronic acid
2-Ethyl-Hexonic acid
alpha-Ethylhexanoic acid
EHO (CHRIS Code)
.alpha.-Ethylhexanoic acid
SCHEMBL25800
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, 99%
MLS002415695
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, Inhalable
CHEMBL1162485
WLN: QVY4 & 2
NSC8881
HMS2267F21
CS-CY-00011
STR05759
2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID [HSDB]
Tox21_201406
Tox21_300108
LMFA01020087
LS-869
AKOS009031416
AT29893
CS-W016381
SB44987
SB44994
Hexanoic acid,2-ethyl-, tridecyl ester
NCGC00091324-01
NCGC00091324-02
NCGC00091324-03
NCGC00253985-01
NCGC00258957-01
SMR001252268
Hexanoic acid, 2- ethyl- , tridecyl ester
E0120
FT-0612273
FT-0654390
EN300-20410
Q209384
Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-
(Butyl ethyl acetic acid)
W-109079
Azilsartan K Medoxomil Impurity-7 (2-EHA Impurities)
F0001-0703
Z104478072
18FEB650-7573-4EA0-B0CD-9D8BED766547
2-Ethylhexanoic acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard
α-Ethylcaproic acid
α-Ethylhexanoic acid
Butylethylacetic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
Ethylhexoic acid
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylhexanoic acid
2-Ethylhexoic acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
Kyselina 2-ethylkapronova
Kyselina heptan-3-karboxylova
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-Ethylcapronic acid
NSC 8881
2-Ethylcaproic acid; 149-57-5
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-
Ethylhexoic acid
Ethylhexanoic acid
Sinesto B
(+/-)-2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethyl hexanoic acid
2-Ethyl-1-hexanoic acid
2-Ethyl-hexoic acid
2-Ethyl-Hexonic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylcapronic acid
2-Ethylhexanoate
2-Ethylhexoic acid
α-Ethylcaproic acid
α-Ethylhexanoic acid
2 Ethyl hexanoic acid
2-Butylbutanoic acid
2-Ethylcaproic acid
2-Ethylhexansaeure
2-Ethylhexoic acid
3-Heptanecarboxylic acid
Butylethylacetic acid
Ethyl hexanoic acid, 2-
Ethylhexoic acid
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-
Hexanoic acid,2-ethyl-, tridecyl ester
Iso-octanoic acid
2-EHA
2-EHA
2 EH acid
2-Ethyl hexanoic acid
Octanoic acid


2-ETHYL HEXANOL
2-Ethyl Hexanol appears as a dark brown liquid with an aromatic odor.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a primary alcohol that is hexan-1-ol substituted by an ethyl group at position 2.
2-Ethyl Hexanol has a role as a volatile oil component and a plant metabolite.


CAS Number: 104-76-7
EC Number: 203-234-3
MDL number: MFCD00004746
Molecular Formula: C8H18O / CH3(CH2)3CH(CH2CH3)CH2OH


2-Ethyl Hexanol is miscible with common organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is immiscible with water.
2-Ethyl Hexanol's ester, 2-ethylhexyl ester is a component of sunscreen octocrylene.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alkalies, strong bases and strong acids.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a clear liquid with characteristic odor.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a clear solvent made up of 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, Isooctanol, and Octyl Alcohol.


2-Ethyl Hexanol has a high boiling point and a characteristic odour.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is miscible with most organic solvents but has only limited miscibility in water.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a low-volatility solvent which will readily form esters with a broad range of acids.


2-Ethyl Hexanol’s key advantages are that it is a non-HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) solvent, and gives enhanced flow and gloss in baking finishes.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is insoluble in water and less dense than water.
The flash point of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is between 140 - 175 °F.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a natural product found in Vitis rotundifolia, Lonicera japonica, and other organisms with data available.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2-Ethyl Hexanol (abbreviated 2-EH) is an organic compound with formula C8H18O.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a branched, eight-carbon chiral alcohol.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a colorless liquid that is poorly soluble in water but soluble in most organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is produced on a large scale (>2,000,000,000 kg/y) for use in numerous applications such as solvents, flavors, and fragrances and especially as a precursor for production of other chemicals such as emollients and plasticizers.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is encountered in plants, fruits, and wines.
The odor has been reported as "heavy, earthy, and slightly floral" for the R enantiomer and "a light, sweet floral fragrance" for the S enantiomer.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is an eight-carbon branched chain oxo alcohol having a high boiling point and slow evaporation rate.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a versatile solvent featuring excellent reactivity as a chemical intermediate.
2-Ethyl Hexanol serves as a chain terminator in synthesizing condensation polymers and as an intermediate for plasticizers.
2-Ethyl Hexanol has low volatility and enhances the flow and gloss of baking enamels.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
2-Ethyl Hexanolis an 8-carbon higher alcohol species.


2-Ethyl Hexanol, also called octanol, is an 8-carbon higher alcohol species.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is hardly soluble in water, but is soluble in almost all organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a dark brown liquid with an aromatic odor. Insoluble in water and less dense than water.


2-Ethyl Hexanol has one primary hydroxyl group.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a colorless liquid.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is an eight-carbon branched chain oxo alcohol having a high boiling point and slow evaporation rate.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a versatile solvent featuring excellent reactivity as a chemical intermediate.
2-Ethyl Hexanol serves as a chain terminator in synthesizing condensation polymers and as an intermediate for plasticizers.
2-Ethyl Hexanol has low volatility and enhances the flow and gloss of baking enamels.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a clear, uniform, nontoxic liquid with a characteristic odor, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvent.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is obtained indirectly in OXO synthesis from propylene and synthesis gas.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a high production chemical that is widely used yet
lacks a complete toxicological database.


2-Ethyl Hexanol can be emitted from carpets and some plastics.
Occupational or non-occupational standards do not exist for this constituent.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a fatty alcohol, an organic compound is a branched, eight-carbon chiral alcohol.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a colorless liquid that is poorly soluble in water but soluble in most organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is produced on a massive scale for use in numerous applications such as solvents, flavors, and fragrances and especially as a precursor for production of other chemicals such as emollients and plasticizers.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is encountered in natural plant fragrances, and the odor has been reported as “heavy, earthy, and slightly floral” for the R enantiomer and “a light, sweet floral fragrance” for the S enantiomer.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a clear, high-boiling point and low volatility solvent with a characteristic odor.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is miscible with most organic solvents but has very limited miscibility with water.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a clear high-boiling point and low volatility solvent, uniform, nontoxic liquid with a characteristic odor, insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvent.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is obtained indirectly in OXO synthesis from propylene (C3H6) and synthesis gas (CO + H2)
Solubility of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is less than 1 mg/mL at 64° F ;0.01 M; In water, 880 mg/L at 25 °C.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is miscible with most organic solvents.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is soluble in about 720 parts water, in many organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol's solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C is 0.11 (poor).
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a dark brown liquid with an aromatic odor.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is insoluble in water and less dense than water.
2-Ethyl Hexanol, also known as 2-ethylhexyl alcohol or octyl alcohol, is a member of the class of compounds known as fatty alcohols.
Fatty alcohols are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of a least six carbon atoms.
Thus, 2-Ethyl Hexanol is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa).
2-Ethyl Hexanol can be found in a number of food items such as tea, cereals and cereal products, fats and oils, and alcoholic beverages, which makes 2-Ethyl Hexanol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.


2-Ethyl Hexanol can be found primarily in feces and saliva.
2-Ethyl Hexanol exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans.
2-Ethyl Hexanol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty alcohols.


These are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of a least six carbon atoms.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a combustible liquid above 60°C.
2-Ethyl Hexanol acts as a non-HAP and low volatility oxygenated solvent having a high boiling point.


2-Ethyl Hexanol enhances flow and gloss in baking finishes.
2-Ethyl Hexanol shows miscibility with most organic solvents but limited miscibility with water.
2-Ethyl Hexanol readily forms esters with various acids.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor and is slightly soluble in water.
However, 2-Ethyl Hexanol dissolves well in most other organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is also referred to as octanol.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a solvent with a low volatility.



USES and APPLICATIONS of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the following products: fuels, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and lubricants and greases.


Other release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is likely to occur from: outdoor use as processing aid, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).


Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanol can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the following products: coating products, lubricants and greases, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, hydraulic fluids, fuels, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and washing & cleaning products.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing, printing and recorded media reproduction, health services and scientific research and development.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.


Other release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is likely to occur from: outdoor use as processing aid, outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).


2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the following products: coating products, inks and toners, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, lubricants and greases and plant protection products.
2-Ethyl Hexanol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).


Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites and manufacturing of the substance.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the following products: coating products, lubricants and greases, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and hydraulic fluids.


2-Ethyl Hexanol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the following areas: mining.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.


Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanol can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and formulation of mixtures.
Release to the environment of 2-Ethyl Hexanol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).


2-Ethyl Hexanol is used as a flavor, fragrance and plasticizer.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used to prepare diesters bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
2-Ethyl Hexanol reacts with nitric acid and used as an octane booster.


Further, 2-Ethyl Hexanol is used as a low volatility solvent for resins, animal fats, waxes, vegetable oils and petroleum derivatives.
In addition to this, 2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in plasticizer, dioctyl phthalate, which is used in the production of polyvinyl chloride products.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is utilized in the manufacture of: Soap detergents, Protective coats, Lubricants, Herbicides, and Paints.


2-Ethyl Hexanol’s also used: in processing other solvents, as a food additive.
2-Ethyl Hexanol can be used as a Plating agent and surface treating agent, Adhesive and sealant, Corrosion inhibitor and anti-scaling agent, Intermediate industrial fuel, and General industrial coating.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is also commonly used as a low volatility solvent.
2-Ethylhexanol can also be used as a cetane improver when reacted with nitric acid.
2-Ethyl Hexanol also used to react with epichlorohydrin and sodium hydroxide to produce 2-Ethylhexyl glycidyl ether which is then used as an epoxy reactive diluent in various coatings, adhesives and sealants applications.


2-Ethyl Hexanol can be used in the development of photos, production of rubber and extraction of oil and gas.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is also used as dispersing agent for pigment pastes.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used to make the vinyl chloride plasticizer, bis(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is also used to make 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate for adhesives and paints.
Cosmetic Uses of 2-Ethyl Hexanol: perfuming agents
2-Ethyl Hexanol is also used as dispersing agent for pigment pastes.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is widely used in the production of dioctyl phthalate (vinyl applications), acrylates, 2-ethylhexyl nitrate, lubrication oil additives, mining chemicals, special plasticizers, herbicides and ester oils (non-vinyl application areas).
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used for synthesis.


2-Ethyl Hexanol has very low-level impurities and may be used as a raw material for a wide variety of chemicals.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used to make plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride.
Reaction with phthalic anhydride gives bis(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DOP, DEHP).


Reaction with adipic acid gives bis(2-ethyl hexyl) adipate.
Moreover, esterification with acrylic acid gives 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate for use in adhesives and paints.
On the other hand, because 2-Ethyl Hexanol can dissolve many organic materials well, 2-ethyl hexanol is widely used as a low-volatility solvent.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is used 4-d, Adhesives/sealants-B&C, Ag chem solvents, Agriculture intermediates, Architectural coatings, Auto OE, Auto refinish, Automotive parts & accessories, Building materials, Construction chemicals, Diesel imed, and Equipment & machinery.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used Gasoline intermediates, General industrial coatings, Graphic arts, Herbicides - intermediate for 2, Herbicides - intermediate for other Industrial fuel imeds, Lubricants, Marine, Paints & coatings, and Pipe non-food contact.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is used Plasticizer, Process solvents, Protective coatings, Soap/detergents, Wetting agent, Wood coatings
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used for in numerous application such as fragrances, flavours and solvents.
Most commonly 2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in the production of other chemicals.


Almost all 2-Ethyl Hexanol manufactured is used as a precursor for the synthesis of the diester bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer.
Because 2-Ethyl Hexanol is a fatty alcohol, its esters tend to have emollient properties.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used Stabilizers, Plasticizers, Coatings additives, Lubricants, Pharmaceuticals, Pesticides, Perfumes, Food additives, Preservatives, and Chemical intermediates.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is also commonly used as a low volatility solvent.
2-Ethyl Hexanol can also be used as an octane booster when reacted with nitric acid.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is used in coatings.


2-Ethyl Hexanol, or isooctanol, is a fatty alcohol, an organic compound used in the manufacture of a variety of products.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a branched, eight-carbon alcohol.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a clear, colorless liquid that is nearly insoluble in water, but well soluble in most organic solvents.


2-Ethyl Hexanol can be readily converted into esters that have a variety of uses.
The primary use of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is in the manufacture of the diester bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer.
Because it is a fatty alcohol, esters of 2-Ethyl Hexanol tend to have emollient properties.


For example, the sunscreen octocrylene contains a 2-ethylhexyl ester for this purpose.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is primarily used in the production of plasticizers and also of 2-ethyl hexylacrylate, a monomer which is used to modify acrylic and methacrylic polyesters, as a diesel additive and in lubrication oil.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is also used in the manufacture of low-volatility esters such as dioctylphthalate, in ethoxylates, coatings and herbicides, as a solvent for resins, animal fats, vegetable oil, wax and petroleum derivatives and in extractant production for heavy metal mining.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is also used in inks, rubber, paper, lubricants, photography, and dry cleaning.


2-Ethyl Hexanol is used as a plasticizer, defoaming agent, wetting agent, solvent (nitrocellulose, paints, lacquers, and baking finishes), and textile finishing compound.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is also commonly used as a low volatility solvent.



INDUSTRIAL USES OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
Industries may use 2-Ethylhexanol in the,
*Extraction of oil and gas
*Production of cosmetics
*Manufacture of plastics and rubber products
*Development of photos and film
*Making of anti-foam agents used in the textiles and paper industries.



PROPERTIES OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
The average molecular weight of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is approximately 130.23g/mol.
2-Ethyl Hexanol belongs to a class of organic compounds known as fatty alcohols, and it’s a colorless liquid that is less soluble in water but soluble in most organic solvents.
2-Ethyl Hexanol melts at -76° C and boils between 183-185° C and has an intense and unpleasant taste with a characteristic odor.
2-Ethyl Hexanol reacts violently with oxidants and strong bases while it readily forms esters with various acids.
When heated or burned, 2-Ethyl Hexanol decomposes by emitting acrid smoke and fumes.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is a low-volatile solvent and the heat of combustion of 2-ethylhexanol is -1263.81 kcal/mol at 25° C while the heat of vaporization is about 10.8 kcal/mol at boiling point.



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
The branching in 2-Ethyl Hexanol inhibits crystallization.
Esters of 2-ethylhexanol are similarly affected, which together with low volatility, is the basis of applications in the production of plasticizers and lubricants, where its presence helps reduce viscosity and lower freezing points.
Because 2-ethylhexanol is a fatty alcohol, its esters have emollient properties.
Representative is the diester bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), commonly used in PVC.
The triester tris (2-Ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) is another common plasticizer produced via the esterification of three 2-ethylhexanol per trimellitic acid.



FUNCTION OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
2-Ethyl Hexanol is produced on a massive scale for use in numerous applications such as solvents, flavors, and fragrances and especially as a precursor for production of other chemicals such as emollients and plasticizers.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is encountered in natural plant fragrances, and the odor has been reported as "heavy, earthy, and slightly floral" for the Renantiomer and "a light, sweet floral fragrance" for the Senantiomer.



FORMULA OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
2-Ethyl Hexanol is an organic compound that derives its name from a primary alcohol known as hexan-o-l with an ethyl group at position 2.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is synonymously known as 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol or xi-2-Ethyl-1-hexanol.
The molecular formula of 2-Ethyl Hexanol is C8H18O and this compound is commonly abbreviated as 2-EH or 2EH.
2-Ethyl Hexanol is naturally found in corns, olive oil, tobacco, tea, blueberries and alcoholic beverages.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
*Primary alcohols
*Hydrocarbon derivatives



SUBSTITUENTS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
*Fatty alcohol
*Organic oxygen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Primary alcohol
*Organooxygen compound
*Alcohol
*Aliphatic acyclic compound



KEY ATTRIBUTES OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
*Defoaming, wetting, and dispersing characteristics
*Excellent reactivity as an intermediate
*Improves flow and gloss in baking finishes
*Inert - Food use with limitations
*Inert - Nonfood use
*Inherently biodegradable
*Non-HAP
*Non-SARA
*REACH compliant
*Slow evaporation rate
*Very low water miscibility



INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
2-Ethyl Hexanol is produced industrially by the aldol condensation of n-butyraldehyde, followed by hydrogenation of the resulting hydroxyaldehyde.
About 2,500,000 tons are prepared in this way annually.



PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
The branching in 2-Ethyl Hexanol inhibits its crystallization due to packing disruption; this results in a very low freezing point.
Esters of 2-Ethyl Hexanol are similarly affected and it therefore finds application as a feedstock in the production of plasticizers and lubricants, where its presence helps reduce viscosity and lower freezing points.



SYNTHESIS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
The n-butyraldehyde is made by hydroformylation of propylene, either in a self-contained plant or as the first step in a fully integrated facility.
Most facilities make n-butanol and isobutanol in addition to 2-Ethyl Hexanol.
Alcohols prepared in this way are sometimes referred to as oxo alcohols.
The overall process is very similar to that of the Guerbet reaction, by which it may also be produced.



BENEFITS OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
*Low molecular weight
*Water-soluble
*Provide proper balance of desired properties in a formulation.



NOMENCLATURE OF 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
Although isooctanol (and the derived isooctyl prefix) is commonly used in industry to refer to 2-Ethyl Hexanol and its derivatives, IUPAC naming conventions dictate that this name is properly applied to another isomer of octanol, 6-methylheptan-1-ol.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
Molecular Weight: 130.23 g/mol
XLogP3: 3.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Exact Mass: 130.135765193 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 130.135765193 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 52.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
CAS number: 104-76-7
EC number: 203-234-3
Hill Formula: C₈H₁₈O
Chemical formula: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH(C₂H₅)CH₂OH
Molar Mass: 130.23 g/mol
HS Code: 2905 16 85
Boiling point: 184 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.833 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 1.1 - 12.7 %(V)
Flash point: 75 °C DIN 51758
Ignition temperature: 270 - 330 °C DIN 51794
Melting Point: -89 °C
pH value: 7 (1 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 0.93 hPa (20 °C)
Solubility: 1.1 g/l
Chemical formula: C8H18O
Molar mass: 130.231 g·mol−1

Appearance: Colourless liquid
Density: 833 mg mL−1
Melting point: −76 °C (−105 °F; 197 K)
Boiling point: 180 to 186 °C; 356 to 367 °F; 453 to 459 K
log P: 2.721
Vapor pressure: 30 Pa (at 20 °C)
Refractive index (nD): 1.431
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C): 317.5J K−1 mol−1
Std molar entropy (S⦵298): 347.0 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −433.67–−432.09 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −5.28857–−5.28699 MJ mol−1
Water Solubility: 0.81 g/L
logP: 3.01
logP: 2.5
logS: -2.2
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 17.7
pKa (Strongest Basic): -1.6
Physiological Charge: 0

Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 1
Hydrogen Donor Count: 1
Polar Surface Area: 20.23 Ų
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Refractivity: 40.41 m³·mol⁻¹
Polarizability: 17.02 ų
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: Yes
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: Yes
MDDR-like Rule: No
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear oily liquid (est)
Assay: 96.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.83200 to 0.83500 @ 20.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 6.931 to 6.956
Refractive Index: 1.42900 to 1.43300 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -76.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 184.00 to 186.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

Vapor Pressure: 0.207000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 4.49 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 171.00 °F. TCC ( 77.22 °C. )
logP (o/w): 2.820 (est)
Soluble in: alcohol
water, 1379 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
water, 880 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Physical description: A dark brown liquid with an aromatic odor.
Boiling point: 363-365°F
Molecular weight: 130.23
Freezing point/melting point -105°F
Vapor pressure: 0.05 mmHg
Flash point: 178°F
Vapor density: 4.49
Specific gravity: 0.834
Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL): 0.88%
Upper explosive limit (UEL): 9.7%
NFPA health rating: 2
NFPA fire rating: 2

Storage: Sealed in dry, Room Temperature
Assay: 0.997
EINECS: 203-234-3
Hazard Codes: Xn
HS Code: 2905199090
Log P: 2.19510
MDL: MFCD00004746
PSA: 2.23
Refractive Index: 1.43-1.433
Risk Statements: R21; R36
RTECS: MP0350000
Safety Statements: S26-S36/37/39
Stability: Stable.
Vapor Density: 4.49
Vapor Pressure: 0.2 mm Hg ( 20 °C)



FIRST AID MEASURES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of 2-ETHYL HEXANOL:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



SYNONYMS:
2-Ethylhexan-1-ol
2-Ethylhexanol
104-76-7
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL
2-Ethylhexyl alcohol
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-
Ethylhexanol
2-ETHYL HEXANOL
Alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl
FEMA No. 3151
xi-2-Ethyl-1-hexanol
2-Aethylhexanol
Ethylhexanol, 2-
CCRIS 2292
HSDB 1118
NSC 9300
EINECS 203-234-3
UNII-XZV7TAA77P
XZV7TAA77P
BRN 1719280
AI3-00940
DTXSID5020605
CHEBI:16011
NSC-9300
EC 203-234-3
4-01-00-01783 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID10605
2-Ethyl-hexan-1-ol
CAS-104-76-7
2-ethyhexanol
2-etilhexanol
2-ethyl-hexanol
thyl-2 hexanol
Guerbet C8
2-ethyl1-hexanol
2-ethylhexylalcohol
2-etil-1-hexanol
Exxal 8N
2-ethyl 1-hexanol
MFCD00004746
Conol 10WS
2-ethyl hexyl alcohol
1-hexanol, 2-etil-
alcohol de 2-etilhexilo
Ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-
2-etil-1-hexil alcohol
2-ethyl-1-hexyl alcohol
(+/-)-2-ethylhexanol
(+-)-2-etil-1-hexanol
SCHEMBL16324
(+-)-2-Ethyl-1-hexanol
MLS002415694
CHEMBL31637
2 - ethylhexan - 1 - ol
2-ETHYLHEXANOL [INCI]
Alcohols,c7-9-iso-,c8-rich
2-ETHYL HEXANOL [FCC]
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, >=99%
FEMA 3151
NSC9300
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL [MI]
HMS2268N10
WLN: Q1Y4 & 2
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL [FHFI]
2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL [HSDB]
AMY11009
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, >=99.6%
EINECS 295-250-2
Tox21_202071
Tox21_300019
LMFA05000703
LS-380
STL453673
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, >=99%, FG
2-ETHYLHEXAN-1-OL [USP-RS]
AKOS000120105
AKOS016843836
(+/-)-2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL-
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, analytical standard
NCGC00091294-01
NCGC00091294-02
NCGC00091294-03
NCGC00254215-01
NCGC00259620-01
SMR000112222
CS-0016002
E0122
FT-0612231
FT-0627437
EN300-19353
C02498
D72516
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, puriss., >=99.0% (GC)
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Q209388
W-109057
91994-92-2
2-Ethylhexan-1-ol
isooctyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexanol
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol
2-Ethylhexan-1-ol
2-Ethylhexanol
Ethylhexanol
2-Ethylhexyl alcohol
2-Ethyl-hexanol-1
Ethylhexyl alcohol
2-EH
Hexanol, 2-ethyl-
Hexan-1-ol, 2-ethyl
NSC 9300
2-Ethyl-1-hexyl alcohol
Ethyl-1-hexanol,2-
Octyl alcohol (Related)
2-EH (=2-ethyl hexanol)
2-EH alcohol
2-ethyl 2-hexan-1-ol
2-ethyl hexyl alcohol
ethylhexanol, EXXAL 8
1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-
2-EH (=2-ethyl hexanol)
2-EH alcohol
2-ethyl 2-hexan-1-ol
2-ethyl hexanol
2-ethyl hexyl alcohol
2-ethylhexan-1-ol
2-ethylhexanol
alcohol C8
corexit 8814
ethylhexanol
EXXAL 8
FORMULA No 91270
isooctanol (=2-ethyl-1-hexanol)
isooctyl alcohol (=2-ethyl-1-hexanol)
octyl alcohol (=2-ethyl-1-hexanol)
octyl alcohol(2-EH)(=2-ethyl-1-hexanol)
C8-H18-O
CH3(CH2)3CHC2H5CH2OH
2-ethyl hexanol; ethylhexanol
2-ethyl hexylalcohol
2-ethyl hexyl alcohol
2-ethyl-1-hexanol
1-hexanol, 2-ethyl
octyl alcohol
iso-octyl alcohol
2-EH
isooctanol
iso-octanol
alcohols C7-9-iso, C8 rich (CAS RN: 68526-83-0)
alcohols C8-10-iso, C9
rich (CAS RN: 68526-84-1)
1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol
2-Ethylhexyl alcohol
Alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl
Ethylhexanol
Octyl alcohol
2-Ethyl Hexanol
Ethylhexyl Alcohol
2-Ethyl-hexanol-1
Ethylhexyl alcohol
2-EH
Aerofroth 88
Octyl alcohol
Surfynol 104A
Hexanol, 2-ethyl-
Ethyl-1-hexanol,2-
Hexan-1-ol, 2-ethyl, Ethylhexanol
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol
2-Ethylhexan-1-ol
Alcohol c8
1-ethyl-n-amylcarbinol
2-ethylhexyl alcohol
2-ethyl-1-hexanol
2EH
isooctanol, octyl alcohol, ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-
FEMA 3151