Detergents, Cosmetics, Disinfectants, Pharma Chemicals

extract of the fruit of terminalia chebula, combretaceae; haritaki fruit extract; yellow myrobalan fruit extract; myrobalanus gangetica fruit extract CAS NO:90131-48-9

TERPINEOL = ALPHA TERPINEOL

Terpineol is naturally found in pine oil, lavender oil, orange leaf oil, neroli oil and other plant oils.
Terpineol is a viscous liquid with pine like and clove like odor, but is easy to crystallize.
Terpineol is usually a mixture of these isomers with α-terpineol as the major constituent.

CAS Number: 98-55-5
EC Number: 202-680-6
Empirical Formula: C10H18O
Molecular Weight: 154.25

Terpineol is any of four isomeric monoterpenoids.
Terpenoids are terpene that are modified by the addition of a functional group, in this case, an alcohol.

Terpineols have been isolated from a variety of sources such as cardamom, cajuput oil, pine oil, and petitgrain oil.
Four isomers exist: α-, β-, γ-terpineol, and terpinen-4-ol.

β- and γ-terpineol differ only by the location of the double bond.
Terpineol is usually a mixture of these isomers with α-terpineol as the major constituent.

α-Terpineol is a monoterpene that is found in the essential oils of certain plants, such as melaleuca alternifolia.
α-Terpineol is one of the major monoterpenes present in eucalyptus oil and has shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.

α-Terpineol has been shown to induce cell lysis and DNA fragmentation in human macrophages at low concentrations.
α-Terpineol also induces genotoxic effects when exposed to laser ablation and water vapor.

α-Terpineol is a tertiary monoterpenoid alcohol widely and commonly used in the flavors and fragrances industry for Terpineol sensory properties.
Terpineol is present in different natural sources, but Terpineol production is mostly based on chemical hydration using α-pinene or turpentine.

Moreover, many bioprocesses for the microbial production of α-terpineol via biotransformation of monoterpenes (limonene, α- and β-pinenes) are also available in the literature.
In addition to Terpineol traditional use, α-terpineol has also been evaluated in other application fields (e.g., medical), since some biological properties other than aroma, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and analgesic effects, among others, have been attributed to Terpineol.

Therefore, this review presents an original compilation of data regarding the production (extraction directly from nature; chemical synthesis; via biotechnological process), the chemical and biological properties, and the current market and novel applications of α-terpineol to guide further research in this area.
Considering the information presented, we believe that α-terpineol applications may transcend the flavors and fragrances industry in the future.

Terpineol is naturally found in pine oil, lavender oil, orange leaf oil, neroli oil and other plant oils.
α-terpineol, β-terpineol, γ-terpineol, and terpinen-4-ol are four isomers of terpineol.

α-terpineol is the major component.
Terpineol is a viscous liquid with pine like and clove like odor, but is easy to crystallize.

There are two methods for preparing terpineol.
The two-step preparation process is to use α-pinene as raw material to produce terpineol through hydration under acidic conditions.

The one-step method is to directly prepare terpineol by hydration reaction.
Terpineol is widely used in fragrance formulation, especially in soaps and synthetic detergents.

Rather than a regular terpene, terpineol is an umbrella term referring to several terpene alcohols.
A terpene alcohol shares many characteristics with regular terpenes, plus a distinct oxygen-containing hydroxyl on one side of the chemical.

Four different monoterpenes get grouped into the term “terpineol,” each with unique differences between their scents:

Alpha-terpineol features a light, lilac-like odor reminiscent of fresh peaches.
Beta-terpineol features a woodsy scent of fresh-cut trees.
Gamma-terpineol features a citrus-leaning aroma.

Terpinen-4-ol features earthy notes with a woody overtone.
Terpineol commonly occurs in more than 150 plants, including flowers, fruits, and spices such as apples, basil, limes, lilac, grapefruit, rosemary, eucalyptus, and pine trees.

The essential oil is often used in cosmetics or skincare products, such as soap, lotion, and perfume, and is favored for Terpineol soft lilac profile.
Terpineol can also enhance skin penetration, making Terpineol a very useful terpene for topicals and beauty products.

Terpineol often occurs in different teas, most noticeably in lapsang souchong tea with Terpineol piney, smoky aroma.
Terpineol is also often used as a flavoring element in condiments and baked goods.

Chemically 2-(4-Methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol is a monoterpene alcohol that has been isolated from a variety of sources such as cajuput oil, pine oil, and petitgrain oil.
There are four isomers, alpha-, beta-, gamma-terpineol, and terpinen-4-ol. Beta- and gamma-terpineol differ only by the location of the double bond.

Terpineol is usually a mixture of these isomers with alpha-terpineol as the major constituent.
Alpha-Terpineol is one of the two most abundant aroma constituents of lapsang souchong tea;Terpineol, or more strictly, alpha-terpineol, is one of the most widespread of monocyclic monoterpenoid alcohols in nature.

Terpineol is found in flowers such as narcissus and freesia; herbs such as sage, marjoram, oregano, and rosemary; in the leaf oil of Ti-tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and in the oil expressed from the peel of lemons.
Reports of the level of terpineol in oils occasionally vary considerably and one wonders how much this is due to variations in the plants and to variations in the isolation process since terpineol could be an artifact.

The layman will often describe the odor of terpineol as ��pine disinfectant” since terpineol is, in fact, a major component of pine disinfectant.
Terpineol is prepared by distillation of turpentine in the presence of an acid which results in an opening of the ring of a-pinene to produce a-terpineol.

The driving force for the reaction comes from the release of the strain in the 4-membered ring in the a-pinene skeleton.
The initial step in the process is the protonation of the double bond in a-pinene.

This generates a carbocation center adjacent to the strained cyclobutane ring.
The ring strain can be released by movement of one pair of electrons from a single bond of the cyclobutane ring towards the positive charge with the formation of a double bond.
The resultant carbocation in the tail of the molecule can then be quenched by addition of water followed by loss of a proton), giving alpha-terpineol.
Terpineols are monocyclic monoterpene tertiary alcohols which are naturally present in plant species.
There are five common isomers of terpineols, alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- and terpinen-4-ol, of which α-terpineol and Terpineol isomer terpinen-4-ol are the most common terpineols found in nature.

α-Terpineol plays an important role in the industrial field.
Terpineol has a pleasant odor similar to lilacs and Terpineol is a common ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatic scents.

In addition, α-terpineol attracts a great interest as Terpineol has a wide range of biological applications as an antioxidant, anticancer, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, antihypertensive, anti-nociceptive compound.
Terpineol is also used to enhance skin penetration, and also has insecticidal properties.

Terpineol is a transparent or a pale yellow solvent, and has unique aroma like lilac and appropriate viscosity.
Terpineol is contained in natural oil.
Terpineol consists of a lot of isomers which are derivatives of p-menthene.

Terpineol is a mixture which usually contains alpha-terpineol as a main constituent, and also contains beta-terpineol and gamma-terpineol as accessory constituents.

Terpineol has sometimes deposition with decreasing of temperature, because all of these three constituents have high melting point.
Although Terpineol is insoluble in water, Terpineol has high solubility in organic solvents like alcohol, ether, ester, and high solubility of ethylcellulose, acrylate resin, epoxy resin and so on.
Under the acidic condition, Terpineol is unstable.

On the contrary, under the basic condition, Terpineol is stable.
Terpineol has some interfacial activities like moistness, osmosis and dispersion.
This is one of the most commonly used solvents for electronic thick film paste

α-Terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol. Terpineol is one of the components responsible for the antifungal activity in Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) essential oil.
The reaction rate constant of α-terpineol with the OH radical and ozone was found to be (1.9±0.5)×10-10cm3 molecule-1s-1 and (3.0±0.2)×10-16cm3 molecule-1s-1, respectively.

Alpha-terpineol is used as an antioxidant, antiseptic, antihypernociception and anti-inflammatory.
Terpineol is also used as a solvent.

Terpineol is an important ingredient of pine oil disinfectants.
Further, Terpineol is used as a fragrance in perfumes, fat denaturant for soap production and synthetic flavoring agent.

Alpha-Terpineol is a valuable intermediate in the perfume industry and in making other common volatile chemicals.
Terpineol is known to be prepared in several ways.

Terpenic alcohols are normally obtained by the addition of hydrochloric acid or a lower alkanoic acid to terpenic olefins, for example formic or acetic acid, by conversion of the olefin to Terpineol hydrochloride, or ester, and then hydrolysis to the desired alcohol.
Alternatively, there are useful methods such as direct hydration of olefins using a strong cation exchange resin.

In this study, in addition to obtaining terpinehydrate as a result of hydration of Alpha-pinene and then Alphaterpineol by dehydration, studies were also carried out using ion exchange resin.
In addition, with the aim of preventing polymerization, cation exchange resin was studied in an oxygen-free environment and alpha-terpineol was obtained with a good yield.

α-Terpineol is a terpene alcohol that is found in natural oils such as pine oil and petitgrain (the oil from the bitter orange tree).
Terpineol is the most common of four structural isomers; the others are β-, γ-, and 4-terpineol.
Terpineol should not be confused with terpinol, the hydrate of terpin, a terpene diol.

α-Terpineol is a racemic mixture of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(–)-enantiomers.
Both are found in nature; but the article of commerce, which is usually synthesized from α-pinene, is the racemate.

In 1903, German chemists H. Waldbaum and O. Hüthig isolated the (+)-stereoisomer from petitgrain.
Four years later, J. E. Teeple of New York City separated Terpineol enantiomer from long-leaf pine oil.

The lilac-like aroma of α-terpineol makes Terpineol a desirable ingredient for perfumes and cosmetics.

Terpineol has a pleasant odor similar to lilac and is a common ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and flavors.
α-Terpineol is one of the two most abundant aroma constituents of lapsang souchong tea; the α-terpineol originates in the pine smoke used to dry the tea.
(+)-α-terpineol is a chemical constituent of skullcap.

Alpha-terpineol is a terpineol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl group at position 2.
Terpineol has a role as a plant metabolite.

Terpineol is a cyclic monoterpenoid alcohol.
Terpineol inhalation diminished mouse motility 45%.

Terpineol displayed dose-dependent antibiotic efficacy vs S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. acnes, among others, particularly in Terpineol customary vehicle of tea tree oil.
An MIC of 0.78 μL/mL was noted on Escherichia coli, with observed cell wall and membrane rupture.

α-Terpineol 100 μg/disk produced significant zones of inhibition in culture of four drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori cultures.
Moderate effects against two strains of Plasmodium falciparum malaria were noted in an EO with major terpineol component.

The small cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H69 was sensitive to α-terpineol at a high dose (IC50 approximately 260 μM) via suppression of NF-κB signaling (Hassan, Gali-Muhtasib, Goransson, & Larsson, 2010).
In a U937 leukemia cell line, α-terpineol reduced LPS-induced cytokine production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, but not TNF-α.

Nociceptive behavior in mice was significantly reduced by doses of 25 mg/kg ip and above on early and late paw licking post formalin, writhing after ip acetic acid, and after paw injections of glutamate or capsaicin, without motor impairment.
Similarly, 50–100 mg/kg ip dosing in mice inhibited hyperalgesia postcarageenan or TNF-α, PGE2, or DA administration, and neutrophil migration in a pleurisy model.

Terpineol was reported that fatty liver was produced in mice after daily injections of 10 or 500 mg/kg ip of α-terpineol for 2 weeks, an exposure level likely never attainable with a cannabis-based medicine.

Two recent studies from Iran are of interest.
Pretreatment with α-terpineol 5–20 mg/kg ip significantly reduced jumping behavior typical of withdrawal effect in mice rendered morphine-dependent, while 20–40 mg/kg ip doses reduced the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia.
These results suggest possible synergy of this ingredient with other cannabis components attenuating addiction: CBD and BCP.

Higher doses of α-terpineol (50–200 mg/kg ip) in rats subjected to cerebral ischemia improved spatial learning in a water maze vs controls, restored hippocampal long-term potentiation, and lowered malondialdehyde levels indicative of lipid peroxidation.
This activity certainly suggests the possibility of synergistic benefit in conjunction with benefits ascribed to CBD in similar experiments in newborn pigs.

(L)-alpha-Terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol.
Terpineol is one of the components responsible for the antifungal activity of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) essential oil.
α-Terpineol may be used in the synthesis of α-terpinyl esters of acetic acid and acetic anhydride via lipase-mediated esterification.

Uses of Terpineol:
Terpineol is major ingredient of pine oil disinfectants.
Terpineol is used as a fragrance in perfumes and soaps, fat denaturant for soap manufacturing, synthetic flavoring agent, organic solvent, antioxidant, and antiseptic.

Terpineol with its typical lilac odor is one of the most frequently used fragrance compounds.

Terpineol is used for synthesize Terpinyl formate and Terpineyl acetate.
The derivatives of terpineol are widely used in fragrance preparation.

Terpineol is used as raw material to prepare menthane-8-ol and unsaturated terpene mixtures
Terpineol is used as a solvent for color on glassware

Terpineol is used in agrochemicals, such as insecticide synergists
Terpineol is used as a tackifier monomer

Terpineol is used as a tobacco filler additive, the solution sprayed on the tobacco to increase the aroma and sweetness of the lilac, and improve the natural permeation of the smoke
Terpineol is used as electronic paste
Terpineol is used as a thermoplastic conductive silver peptizer

Industry Uses:
Cleaning agent
Flavoring and nutrient
Fragrance
Intermediates
Odor agents
Other (specify)
Solvent

Consumer Uses:
Fragrance
Odor agents
Solvent

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Using Disinfectants or Biocides

Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Terpineol:
Although Terpineol is naturally occurring, terpineol is commonly manufactured from alpha-pinene, which is hydrated in the presence of sulfuric acid.

Limonene reacts with trifluoroacetic acid in a Markovnikov addition to a trifluoroacetate intermediate, which is easily hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to α-terpineol with 7% selectivity.
Side-products are β-terpineol in a mixture of the cis isomer, the trans isomer, and 4-terpineol.

The biosynthesis of α-terpineol proceeds from geranyl pyrophosphate, which releases pyrophosphate to give the terpinyl cation.
This carbocation is the precursor to many terpenes and terpenoids.
Terpineol hydrolysis gives terpineol.

Manufacturing Methods of Terpineol:
A common industrial method of alpha-terpineol synthesis consists of the hydration of alpha-pinene or turpentine oil with aqueous mineral acids to give crystalline cis-terpin hydrate (mp 117 °C), followed by partial dehydration to alpha-terpineol.
Suitable catalysts are weak acids or acid-activated silica gel.

Terpineol is used in extraction of essential oils, fractional distillation of pine oils, wood processing industry.

By heating terpin hydrate with phosphoric acid and distilling or with dilute sulfuric acid, using azeotropic separation; fractional distillation of pine oil.

General Manufacturing Information of Terpineol:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Food, beverage, and tobacco product manufacturing
Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
Other (requires additional information)
Paint and Coating Manufacturing
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing

Handling and Storage of Terpineol:

Storage Conditions:

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Stability and reactivity of Terpineol:

Reactive Hazard:
None known, based on information available

Stability:
Stable under normal conditions.

Conditions to Avoid:
Excess heat.
Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition.

Incompatible Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents

Hazardous Decomposition:
Products Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Hazardous Polymerization:
Hazardous polymerization does not occur. Hazardous Reactions None under normal processing.

First-aid measures of Terpineol:

General Advice:
If symptoms persist, call a physician.

Eye Contact:
Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes.
Getmedical attention.

Skin Contact:
Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
If skin irritationpersists,call a physician.

Inhalation:
Remove to fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Get medical attentionif symptoms occur.

Ingestion:
Clean mouth with water and drink afterwards plenty of water.

Most important symptoms and effects:
None reasonably foreseeable.
Symptoms of overexposure may be headache, dizziness, tiredness, nausea and vomiting.

Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically

Fire Fighting Procedures of Terpineol:

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Accidental Release Measures of Terpineol:

Cleanup Methods:

Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.

Ensure adequate ventilation.
Remove all sources of ignition.

Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations.
Vapors can accumulate in low areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Disposal Methods of Terpineol:
Recycle any unused portion of Terpineol for its approved use or return Terpineol to the manufacturer or supplier.

Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider:
Terpineol's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
If Terpineol is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Waste treatment methods:
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of Terpineol.
This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.

Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

Identifiers of Terpineol:
CAS Number:
α: 98-55-5
β: 138-87-4
γ: 586-81-2
4-: 562-74-3

Beilstein Reference: 2325137

ChEBI:
α: CHEBI:22469
β: CHEBI:132899
γ: CHEBI:81151
4-: CHEBI:78884

ChEMBL:
α: ChEMBL507795
4-: ChEMBL507795

ChemSpider:
α: 13850142
β: 8418
γ: 10983
4-: 10756

EC Number:
α: 202-680-6
β: 205-342-6
γ: 209-584-3
4-: 209-235-5

KEGG:
β: C17517
4-: C17073

PubChem CID:
α: 17100
β: 8748
γ: 11467
4-: 11230

UNII:
α: 21334LVV8W
γ: 5PH9U7XEWS

CompTox Dashboard (EPA): 4-: DTXSID4044824
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-8-4-6-9(7-5-8)10(2,3)11/h4,9,11H,5-7H2,1-3H3
Key: WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
α: InChI=1/C10H18O/c1-8-4-6-9(7-5-8)10(2,3)11/h4,9,11H,5-7H2,1-3H3
Key: WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYAL
SMILES: α: C\C1=C\CC(CC1)C(O)(C)C

EC number: 233-986-8
Hill Formula: C₁₀H₁₈O
Molar Mass: 154.25 g/mol
HS Code: 2906 19 00

EC / List no.: 232-268-1

Synonym(s): alpha-Terpineol
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C10H18O
CAS Number: 98-55-5
Molecular Weight: 154.25
Beilstein: 2325137
EC Number: 233-986-8
MDL number: MFCD00001557
PubChem Substance ID: 24867093
NACRES: NA.22

Empirical formula: C10H18O
Molar mass (M): 154,25 g/mol
Density (D): 0,93 g/cm³
Boiling point (bp): 218,9 °C
Flash point (flp): 91 °C
Melting point (mp): 33 °C
Storage temp.: +4 °C
WGK: 1
CAS No.: 98-55-5
EG-Nr.: 202-680-6

CAS: 98-55-5
Molecular Formula: C10H18O
Molecular Weight (g/mol): 154.253
MDL Number: MFCD00001557
InChI Key: WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 17100
ChEBI: CHEBI:22469
IUPAC Name: 2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol
SMILES: CC1=CCC(CC1)C(C)(C)O

Properties of Terpineol:
Chemical formula: C10H18O
Molar mass: 154.253 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 0.93 g/cm3
Melting point: −35.9 to −28.2 °C (−32.6 to −18.8 °F; 237.2 to 245.0 K) (mixture of isomers)
Boiling point: 214–217 °C (417–423 °F; 487–490 K)[1] (mixture of isomers)
Solubility in water: 2.42 g/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −111.9·10−6 cm3/mol

Boiling point: 215 - 217 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.934 g/cm3 (25 °C)
Flash point: 96 °C
Melting Point: 31 - 35 °C
Vapor pressure: <0.1 hPa (20 °C)

Grade: technical grade
Quality Level: 100
Assay: 90%
Refractive index: n20/D 1.482 (lit.)
bp: 217-218 °C (lit.)
mp: 31-35 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.93 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: CC1=CC[C@H](CC1)C(C)(C)O
InChI: 1S/C10H18O/c1-8-4-6-9(7-5-8)10(2,3)11/h4,9,11H,5-7H2,1-3H3
InChI key: WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 154.25 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 1.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 154.135765193 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 154.135765193 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 11
Complexity: 168
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Terpineol:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 98.0 % (a/a)
Optical rotation α 20/D (c=20 in Ethanol): -102.5 - -97.5 °
Identity (IR): passes test

Melting Point: 31°C to 32°C
Color: Colorless to Yellow
Density: 0.930 g/mL
Boiling Point: 210°C to 219°C
Flash Point: 90°C (194°F)
Refractive Index: 1.483
Quantity: 25 g
Merck Index: 14,9171
Solubility Information: Miscible with water,benzene,propylene glycol,acetone,alcohol and ether.
Formula Weight: 154.24
Percent Purity: 96%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: alpha-Terpineol

Related Products of Terpineol:
Nivalenol
(R)-Ochratoxin α
Di-N-heptytin Dichloride-D30
Ergosinine
3-Ethyl-2

Names of Terpineol:

Regulatory process names:
Terpineol
Terpineol
Terpineol (mixture of isomers)

IUPAC names:
1-hydroperoxy-2,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane
1-methyl-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohexan-1-ol; 2-[(1R)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol; 2-[(1S)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol
2-(4-Methyl- 1-cyclohex- 3-enyl) propan- 2-ol
2-(4-Methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propan- 2-ol
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propan-2-ol
2-(4-Methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-propanol - 4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexanol (1:1)
2-(4-METHYLCYCLOHEX-3-EN-1-YL)PROPAN-2-OL
2-(4-Methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)Propan-2-ol
2-(4-Methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol
2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol
Reaction mass of p-menth-1-en-8-ol and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexan-1-ol
Reaction mass of p-menth-1-en-8-ol and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexan-1-ol and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexan-1-ol
Reaction mass of p-menth-1-en-8-ol and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexan-1-ol and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexan-1-ol and α,α-dimethyl-4-methylenecyclohexanemethanol
Reaction mass of α,α-4-trimethyl-(1S)-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and α,α-4-trimethyl-(1R)-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexanol
TERPINEOL
Terpineol
terpineol
Terpineol
Terpineol with impurities~
Terpineol; p-Menthenol (mixed isomers)

IUPAC names:
p-Menth-1-en-8-ol
2-(4-Methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol

Trade names:
PINE OIL
Pine Oil

Other names:
2-(4-Methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propan-2-ol
alpha-terpineol
α-terpineol
α,α,4-Trimethylcyclohex-3-ene-1-methanol
Terpene alcohol

Other identifier:
8000-41-7

Synonyms of Terpineol:
alpha-TERPINEOL
Terpineol
98-55-5
2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol
p-Menth-1-en-8-ol
8000-41-7
dl-alpha-Terpineol
1-p-Menthen-8-ol
.alpha.-Terpineol
Terpineol 350
1-Menthene-8-ol
CARVOMENTHENOL
TERPINEOLS
FEMA No. 3045
8006-39-1
1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-8-ol
alpha,alpha,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol
2-(4-Methyl-3-cyclohexenyl)-2-propanol
Terpineol schlechthin
Terpenol
alpha-Terpinenol
1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexene-8-ol
MFCD00001557
DTXSID5026625
CHEBI:22469
1-alpha-terpineol
21334LVV8W
NSC-21449
NSC-403665
NCGC00164431-01
NSC 21449
PC 593
DSSTox_CID_6625
DSSTox_RID_79596
DSSTox_GSID_40775
Terpilenol, alpha-
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha.,.alpha.,4-trimethyl-
Terpene alcohol
FEMA Number 3045
alpha-Terpineol, analytical standard
alpha-Terpineol (natural)
Menth-1-en-8-ol
2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)propan-2-ol
alpha-TERPINEOL (PROPYL METHYL-D3)
CAS-8000-41-7
CCRIS 3204
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol,.alpha.4-trimethyl-
Caswell No. 823
HSDB 5316
EINECS 202-680-6
EINECS 219-448-5
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,alpha,4-trimethyl-
BRN 1906604
UNII-R53Q4ZWC99
Alfa_terpineol
UNII-21334LVV8W
AI3-00275
Terpineol Normal
alpha -Terpineol
DL a-terpineol
Menthen-8-ol
EINECS 232-268-1
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 067005
ALFA-TERPINEOL
1-p-Menthen-8-
TERPINEOL OR
.ALPHA.TERPINEOL
TERPINEOL, ALPHA
d-1-p-Menthen-8-ol
(+)-.alpha.-Terpineol
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha.,.alpha.4-trimethyl-
EC 202-680-6
EC 232-268-1
alpha-Terpineol, AldrichCPR
SCHEMBL28466
ALPHA-TERPINEOL [FCC]
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha.,.alpha.,4-trimethyl-, (S)-
ALPHA-TERPINEOL [HSDB]
(1)-alpha,alpha,4-Trimethylcyclohex-3-ene-1-methanol
CHEMBL449810
DTXCID406625
R53Q4ZWC99
.ALPHA.-TERPINEOL [II]
.ALPHA.-TERPINEOL [MI]
ALFA-TERPINEOL [WHO-DD]
MIL-350
.ALPHA.-TERPINEOL [FHFI]
HY-N5142
NSC21449
Tox21_112118
Tox21_200112
Tox21_302298
c0669
NSC403665
PC-593
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha.,.alpha.,4-trimethyl-, sodium salt, (1S)-
AKOS015840815
alpha-Terpineol, 90%, technical grade
SB45068
CAS-98-55-5
NCGC00248528-01
NCGC00255464-01
NCGC00257666-01
DB-059206
alpha-Terpineol 1000 microg/mL in n-Hexane
CS-0032554
FT-0622202
FT-0627680
FT-0698995
FT-0772029
T0022
T0984
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)-propan-2-ol
D70165
EN300-125883
(1R)-a,a,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol
SR-01000944873
J-500272
SR-01000944873-1
TERPIN MONOHYDRATE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
W-100076
Q27109437
F0001-2319
Z1255427148
alpha-Terpineol, primary pharmaceutical reference standard
3-CYCLOHEXENE-1-METHANOL, ALPHA., .ALPHA., 4-TRIMETHYL-
22347-88-2
(±)-α-Terpineol
2-(4-Methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-propanol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(4-Methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-propanol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-(4-Méthyl-3-cyclohexèn-1-yl)-2-propanol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
202-680-6 [EINECS]
2325137 [Beilstein]
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, α,α,4-trimethyl- [ACD/Index Name]
98-55-5 [RN]
L6UTJ A1 DXQ1&1 [WLN]
MFCD00001557 [MDL number]
Terpineol [Wiki]
α-Terpineol
&α
(S)-(-)-Terpineol
1906604 [Beilstein]
1-Menthene-8-ol
1-methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-8-ol
1-methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexene-8-ol
1-p-Menthen-8-ol
1-α-terpineol
2-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl)-2-propanol
2-(4-METHYL-3-CYLOHEXENYL)ISOPROPANOL
2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-ol; p-menth-1-en-8-ol
2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl)propan-2-ol
2-(4-Methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-propan-2-ol
202-680-6MFCD00001557
2041428 [Beilstein]
21334LVV8W
21M14KDA67
22347-88-2 [RN]
232-081-5 [EINECS]
232-268-1MFCD00166983
260450-76-8 [RN]
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, &α
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, α,α,4-trimethyl-
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, α,α4-trimethyl-
4-(2-Hydroxy-2-propyl)-1-methylcyclohexene
7785-53-7 [RN]
8006-39-1 [RN]
8-Hydroxy-p-menth-1-ene
a-Terpineol
dl-α-Terpineol
Menth-1-en-8-ol
MFCD00075926 [MDL number]
MFCD00166983 [MDL number]
MFCD00171435
P-MENTH-1-EN-8-OL
Terpenol
-Terpineol
Terpineol, α
TERPINEOL, α
Terpinol
UNII:21334LVV8W
α,α,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol
α,α,4-Trimethyl-3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol
α-Terpinenol
α-terpineo
α-terpineol
α-Terpineol
α-Terpineole
α-Terpinol
α-Terpinol
松油醇 [Chinese]

TERPINOLENE, N° CAS : 586-62-9, Nom INCI : TERPINOLENE. Nom chimique : p-Mentha-1,4(8)-diene; 1-Methyl-4-isopropylidene-1-cyclohexene; Terpinene. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 209-578-0, Classification : Règlementé. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques. Noms français : 1,4(8)-TERPADIENE 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHYLIDENE) 1-METHYL-4-ISOPROPYLIDENE-1-CYCLOHEXENE 4-ISOPROPYLIDENE-1-METHYLCYCLOHEXENE CYCLOHEXENE, 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHYLIDENE)- METHYL-1 (METHYL-1 ETHYLIDENE)-4 CYCLOHEXENE P-MENTHA-1,4(8)-DIENE Terpinolene Noms anglais : TERPINOLEN Utilisation et sources d'émission Agent de saveur, fabrication de résines

Les terpinéols, ou terpinols ou encore terpinoles, sont des alcools monoterpéniques (monoterpénols) monocycliques insaturés de formule brute C10H18O. La plupart de ces monoterpénoïdes se trouvent dans l'huile essentielle de pins et d'autres arbres ainsi que dans des plantes (lavande, genévrier, livèche et marjolaine, notamment).2-(4-méthyl-1-cyclohex-3-ényl)propan-2-ol Synonymes : 1-p-menthèn-8-ol, p-menth-1-èn-8-ol, 2-(4-méthyl-3-cyclohexényl)-2-propanol, α,α,4-triméthylcyclohex-3-ène-1-méthanol, alcool terpénique, No CAS 98-55-5 (RS).La dénomination « terpinéol » correspond en général à un mélange d'isomères, avec comme constituant principal l'alpha-terpinéol (α-terpinéol). Le terpinéol a une odeur de muguet (essence de muguet), de lilas, de jacinthe6 et est utilisé dans des savons et en cosmétique

Cas : 586-62-9, EC : 209-578-0, Terpinolène pur ; cyclohexène, 1-méthyl-4-(1-méthylethylidène) ; 1-méthyl-4-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexène ; pmentha-1,4(8) -diène / Pure terpinolène ; cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene) ; 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexene ; p-mentha-1,4(8) -diene, Terpinolène pur / Cyclohexène, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidène) / 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexene / p-mentha-1,4(8)-diene.Terpinolene Alpha; 1-methyl-4(1-methylethylidene) cyclohex-1-ene; 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHYLIDENE)CYCLOHEX-1-ENE; 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)cyclohexene; 1-methyl-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclohex-1-ene; 1-Methyl-4-isopropylidene-1-cyclohexene; 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexene; 4-Isopropyliden-1-Methylcyclohexene; 4-Isopropylidene-1-methylcyclohexene; p-Menth-1,4,8-dien; p-Mentha-1,4(8)-dien; Terpinolene Alpha

SYNONYMS tert-Butyl-1,4-benzenediol; 2-tert-Butylhydroquinone;TBHQ; 2-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1,4-benzenediol; Mono-tert-butylhydroquinone; Mono-tert-butylhydroquinone; MTBHQ; Mono-tertiarybutylhydroquinone; 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzenediol; 2-tert-Butylhydroquinone; 2-tert-Butylhydrochinon (German); 2-terc-butilhidroquinona (Spanish); 2-tert-butylhydroquinone (French); CAS NO:1948-33-0

DESCRIPTION:

Tert Amyl Perpivalate is an initiator for (co)polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride.

CAS No.: 29240-17-3
Molecular Formula:C10H20O3
Molecular Weight:188.26

APPLICATIONS OF TERT AMYL PERPIVALATE:
Polymerization of vinyl chloride: Tert Amyl Perpivalate can be applied as an initiator for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in the temperature range between 50°C and 65°C.
Tert Amyl Perpivalate may be used in combination with other initiators to increase reactor efficiency

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TERT AMYL PERPIVALATE:
Boiling point 204.0±23.0 °C(Predicted)
Density 0.924±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
vapor pressure 14Pa at 35℃
Water Solubility 504mg/L at 20℃
LogP 3.3 at 30℃
Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 204.0±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.3±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 44.0±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: 59.2±16.7 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.423
Molar Refractivity: 51.8±0.3 cm3
#H bond acceptors: 3
#H bond donors: 0
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 5
#Rule of 5 Violations: 0
ACD/LogP: 3.34
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 3.24
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 172.13
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1386.89
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 3.24
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 172.13
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1386.89
Polar Surface Area: 36 Å2
Polarizability: 20.5±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 27.1±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume: 203.5±3.0 cm3
PSA：
35.53000
XLogP3：
2.69590
Density：
0.924 g/cm3
Boiling Point：
204ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point：
59.2ºC
Refractive Index：
1.422
Vapor Pressure：
0.269mmHg at 25°C
Molecular Weight:188.26
XLogP3:3.1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:3
Rotatable Bond Count:5
Exact Mass:188.14124450
Monoisotopic Mass:188.14124450
Topological Polar Surface Area:35.5
Heavy Atom Count:13
Complexity:177
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes
Appearance colorless and transparent liquid
Active Content ≥99%
Density 0.806~0.810
Water ≤0.1%
Color APHA ≤10

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TERT AMYL PERPIVALATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

SYNONYMS OF TERT AMYL PERPIVALATE:
tert-Amyl peroxypivalate;
tert-Amyl perpivalate;
tert.-Amylperoxypivalat21;
tert-pentyl peroxypivalate;
2-methylbutan-2-yl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate;
tert-Amyl perxypivalate(in solution,content≤77%);
2,2-Dimethylperoxypropionic acid tert-amyl ester;
2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoic acid 2-methylbutan-2-yl ester;
2,2-Dimethylpropaneperoxoic acid 1,1-dimethylpropyl ester;
2,2-Dimethylperoxypropionic acid 1,1-dimethylpropyl ester
2,2-Diméthylpropaneperoxoate de 2-méthyl-2-butanyle [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
249-530-6 [EINECS]
29240-17-3 [RN]
2-Methyl-2-butanyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-Methyl-2-butanyl-2,2-dimethylpropanperoxoat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-Methylbutan-2-yl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate
Propaneperoxoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-, 1,1-dimethylpropyl ester [ACD/Index Name]
tert-Amyl peroxypivalate
2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoic acid 2-methylbutan-2-yl ester
3007-97-4 [RN]
Propaneperoxoic acid,2,2-dimethyl-, 1,1-dimethylpropyl ester
t-Amyl Peroxypivalate
tert-Amylperpivalate
tert-pentyl peroxypivalate

cas no 21564-17-0 2-(Thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole; Thiocyanic acid 2- (benzothiazolethio) methyl ester; (1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl thiocyanate; 2-(Thiocyanatomethylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole, Benthiazole, TCMTB, Thiocyanic acid 2-(benzothiazolylthio)methyl ester;

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H10O2.
The "%70" in the name indicates that it is a solution of tert-butyl hydroperoxide with a concentration of 70%.
This means that in a given volume of this solution, 70% of the content is tert-butyl hydroperoxide, while the remaining 30% typically consists of a solvent or stabilizing agent, such as water.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is a peroxide compound commonly used as a radical initiator in various chemical reactions, particularly in the field of organic chemistry.

CAS Number: 75-91-2
EC Number: 200-915-7

APPLICATIONS

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is primarily used as a radical initiator in the polymerization of monomers to create various polymers and plastics.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 finds extensive use in the production of polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene, among other polymer materials.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a vital role in the synthesis of acrylic polymers, such as polyacrylates and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the manufacture of elastomers, including synthetic rubber products.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is an essential component in the production of epoxy resins and adhesives used in construction and automotive industries.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used in the production of coatings and paints, contributing to their curing and cross-linking processes.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is employed in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical intermediates and active ingredients.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is a valuable reagent in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, including antioxidants, plasticizers, and surfactants.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the production of fuel additives, particularly for improving the octane rating of gasoline.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used in the preparation of peroxide-based initiators for radical polymerization reactions.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be found in the formulation of hair dye products, where it assists in the development of color.

In the food industry, it may be used as a bleaching agent for certain food products, like fats and oils.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 has applications in the manufacturing of paper and pulp, where it helps bleach wood pulp fibers.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used in the treatment of wastewater and effluents to remove organic contaminants through oxidative processes.

In the textile industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be employed for bleaching and oxidative processes in fabric production.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 finds use as a reagent in laboratory-scale organic chemistry experiments for oxidation reactions.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be incorporated into the formulation of cleaning products for its bleaching and disinfecting properties.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the production of polymeric materials for medical devices, such as catheters and tubing.
In the aerospace industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be used in the fabrication of composite materials for aircraft components.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the synthesis of peracids, which are used as oxidizing agents in various chemical transformations.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the production of agrochemicals, including herbicides and pesticides.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be part of the formulation of oxygen scavengers used in food packaging to extend product shelf life.
In the cosmetics industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be used in the production of hair care products and skin treatments.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is a versatile reagent in research and development for its ability to initiate controlled radical polymerization reactions.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is subject to regulations and safety guidelines due to its reactivity, and its applications span various industries, from chemicals and plastics to pharmaceuticals and textiles.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used in the production of specialty chemicals, including antioxidants, plasticizers, and lubricant additives.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is an important component in the formulation of hair color products, where it helps initiate the oxidative dyeing process.
In the petrochemical industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be used for refining petroleum products and removing impurities.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is employed in the synthesis of various organic peroxides, which find applications as initiators in polymerization reactions.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the manufacturing of high-performance coatings and automotive finishes.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used as a curing agent in the production of composite materials, such as fiberglass-reinforced plastics.
In the electronics industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be used in the fabrication of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and semiconductor devices.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized as a bleaching agent for the treatment of wastewater and effluents in industrial processes.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may find application in the production of biodegradable polymers for environmentally friendly materials.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be used in the synthesis of peresters, which are valuable intermediates in organic chemistry reactions.
In the cosmetics industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be used in the production of skincare products and hair care formulations.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can serve as an initiator for controlled radical polymerization reactions, allowing precise control over polymer properties.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is employed in the production of polymeric materials used in the construction and insulation industries.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be part of the formulation of adhesive products for bonding various materials in construction and manufacturing.
In the automotive sector, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may find use in the production of vehicle components and parts made from polymer materials.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used in the development of polymer nanocomposites, which have enhanced properties due to the incorporation of nanoparticles.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be utilized in the treatment of contaminated soil and groundwater through chemical oxidation processes.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the synthesis of specialty surfactants used in the formulation of detergents and cleaning agents.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be used in the synthesis of drug intermediates and pharmaceutical compounds.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be applied as a reagent in the preparation of peracids used for industrial and laboratory purposes.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is used in the production of flame-retardant materials, improving fire safety in various applications.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be employed in the formulation of paper coatings to enhance printability and appearance.

In the water treatment sector, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be used to eliminate organic contaminants and disinfect water supplies.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the production of thermosetting resins used in the manufacturing of composites and molded products.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is subject to safety regulations and guidelines, ensuring its safe handling and use across diverse industrial and scientific applications.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the formulation of polyurethane foams, providing structural integrity to foam-based products.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the synthesis of polymeric materials used in the construction of pipelines and infrastructure.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be part of the formulation of fuel additives designed to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.

In the aerospace industry, it may find use in the fabrication of composite materials for aircraft components, including wings and fuselage parts.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is employed in the production of thermoplastic elastomers, which combine the properties of both rubber and plastic.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be used in the manufacturing of adhesives and sealants for various applications, including automotive and aerospace.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the creation of specialty polymers with unique properties, such as conductive polymers for electronic applications.
In the agricultural sector, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be employed in the synthesis of agrochemicals, including herbicides and insecticides.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the production of flame-resistant textiles and materials for protective clothing.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be used in the development of coatings for corrosion protection in the marine and offshore industries.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 finds application in the preparation of peroxide-based initiators for radical copolymerization reactions.

In the food packaging industry, it may be used as an oxygen scavenger to extend the shelf life of packaged products.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the formulation of dental materials, such as impression compounds and restorative resins.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is employed in the synthesis of advanced materials for 3D printing and additive manufacturing.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be part of the formulation of specialty inks and coatings for printing applications.

In the automotive sector, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may find use in the production of automotive interior components and trim.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the manufacture of gaskets and seals for industrial and automotive equipment.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the development of photoresist materials used in semiconductor lithography processes.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be employed in the production of high-performance fibers and textiles used in sports and outdoor gear.

In the renewable energy sector, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be used in the fabrication of materials for solar panels and wind turbine blades.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is utilized in the synthesis of conductive inks and coatings for printed electronics applications.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be part of the formulation of specialty polymers used in the construction of medical devices.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a role in the production of polymer nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties.
In the aerospace industry, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 may be employed in the fabrication of lightweight materials for aircraft interiors.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is subject to strict safety and handling protocols in industries where its reactivity and properties are critical for product quality and performance.

DESCRIPTION

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H10O2.
The "%70" in the name indicates that it is a solution of tert-butyl hydroperoxide with a concentration of 70%.
This means that in a given volume of this solution, 70% of the content is tert-butyl hydroperoxide, while the remaining 30% typically consists of a solvent or stabilizing agent, such as water.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is a peroxide compound commonly used as a radical initiator in various chemical reactions, particularly in the field of organic chemistry.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can initiate free radical reactions by cleaving its oxygen-oxygen bond, leading to the formation of reactive radical species.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is known for its oxidizing properties and is used in various industrial applications and chemical processes.
As with any chemical compound, it should be handled and stored with appropriate safety precautions.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is a chemical compound that appears as a clear or slightly yellowish liquid solution.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is classified as an organic peroxide due to its peroxide functional group (-OOH).
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 has a molecular formula of C4H10O2.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 contains 70% by weight of tert-butyl hydroperoxide in a solution.
The remaining 30% typically consists of a stabilizing agent or solvent, such as water.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is highly reactive and can decompose into free radicals when exposed to heat or other initiators.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is widely used as a radical initiator in various chemical reactions, especially in polymerization processes.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is known for its strong oxidizing properties and the ability to initiate polymerization reactions at relatively low temperatures.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is often used in the production of plastics, resins, and other polymer materials.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 plays a crucial role in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals and specialty chemicals.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can be a valuable reagent in the laboratory for organic synthesis and oxidation reactions.
The tert-butyl group in the molecule provides steric hindrance, making Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 a selective oxidizing agent in certain reactions.
Safety precautions must be taken when handling Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70, as it is flammable and can be hazardous if mishandled.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, open flames, and incompatible materials.

When using Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 in chemical processes, appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, is recommended.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is sensitive to temperature changes, and decomposition can occur if not stored correctly.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is also used in the production of fuel additives and specialty chemicals for various industries.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is considered a valuable tool in the field of organic chemistry for its versatility in initiating reactions.
The peroxide functional group (-OOH) readily undergoes homolytic cleavage to form radicals, which can propagate chemical reactions.

Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is an important reagent for the synthesis of peroxide-based initiators in radical polymerization processes.
When used as an initiator, Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 can control the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer.

Its applications extend to the production of adhesives, coatings, and elastomers.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is subject to regulations and safety guidelines due to its reactivity and potential hazards.
Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 is typically supplied in containers designed to prevent leakage or accidental exposure.

PROPERTIES

Physical Properties:

Appearance: Clear or slightly yellowish liquid.
Odor: Characteristic odor.
Density: Typically denser than water.
Boiling Point: Varies with concentration and pressure (ranges from approximately 40°C to 50°C).
Melting Point: Not applicable as it is a liquid.
Solubility: Miscible with many organic solvents; insoluble in water.
pH: Typically not applicable as it is not an aqueous solution.
Flash Point: Flammable; varies depending on concentration.
Vapor Pressure: Varies with temperature and concentration.
Viscosity: Low to moderate viscosity.

Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C4H10O2.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 90.12 g/mol.
Chemical Structure: Contains the tert-butyl group (-C(CH3)3) and a hydroperoxy group (-OOH).
Reactivity: Highly reactive; can initiate radical reactions.
Decomposition: Decomposes when exposed to heat or other initiators, releasing free radicals.
Oxidizing Properties: Strong oxidizing agent.
Stability: Sensitive to temperature and contamination; should be stored under controlled conditions.

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

If inhaled and respiratory distress occurs, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Seek medical attention promptly and provide information about the exposure.

Skin Contact:

In case of skin contact with Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70, remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected skin thoroughly with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Use a mild soap to wash the exposed skin gently.
Do not use abrasive materials or scrub the skin, as it may exacerbate irritation.
Seek medical attention if skin irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist.

Eye Contact:

If Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water while keeping the eyelids open for at least 15 minutes.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if the irritation seems mild or transient.

Ingestion:

If accidental ingestion occurs, do not induce vomiting, as vomiting may expose the airway to the chemical.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and drink plenty of water or milk if the individual is conscious and alert.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.
Provide information about the product and the amount ingested to medical professionals.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
When handling Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70, always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety goggles or a face shield, chemical-resistant gloves, and a lab coat or protective clothing to minimize the risk of skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Work in a well-ventilated area with local exhaust ventilation or a chemical fume hood to prevent the accumulation of vapors.
Ensure that the ventilation system effectively removes potentially hazardous fumes.

Avoid Open Flames and Heat:
Keep the product away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources, as Tert butyl hydroperoxide is flammable and can ignite at elevated temperatures.

No Smoking:
Smoking should be strictly prohibited in areas where Tert butyl hydroperoxide is handled or stored due to the fire hazard it presents.

Prevent Cross-Contamination:
Ensure that equipment, containers, and utensils used for handling and application are clean and free from contaminants.
Avoid cross-contamination with other chemicals or substances.

Avoid Mixing:
Do not mix Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 with other substances or chemicals unless explicitly directed to do so by a qualified professional and following appropriate safety protocols.

Use in a Controlled Manner:
Dispense and apply the chemical in a controlled and precise manner to minimize waste and potential exposure.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers and storage areas with appropriate hazard warnings, contents, and safety information. Ensure that labels remain legible and intact.

Storage:

Cool and Dry Storage:
Store Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Maintain a stable temperature below 25°C (77°F) to minimize the risk of decomposition.

Protection from Light:
Protect the product from direct sunlight and sources of UV radiation, as light exposure can cause degradation.

Avoid Moisture:
Prevent moisture from entering containers, as it can lead to decomposition or loss of effectiveness.

Sealed Containers:
Keep containers tightly sealed when not in use to prevent contact with air, which can contribute to decomposition.

Incompatible Substances:
Store Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 away from incompatible materials, such as reducing agents, flammable materials, strong acids, and strong bases.
Segregate it from incompatible chemicals to prevent hazardous reactions.

Separation:
Some settling or separation of the product may occur over time.
Ensure that the product is thoroughly mixed before use to maintain its consistency and properties.

Children and Pets:
Store Tert butyl hydroperoxide %70 out of the reach of children and pets to prevent accidental exposure or ingestion.

SYNONYMS

TBHP 70%
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide 70%
TBHP solution
Tert-butylperoxyhydroperoxide 70%
TBHP70
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide solution
Tertiary butyl peroxide 70%
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70% solution
TBHP 70% peroxide
TBHP70 oxidizer
TBHP hydrogen peroxide
Tert-butylperoxyhydroperoxide 70% solution
TBHP oxidizing agent
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70% concentrate
TBHP oxidant
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide reagent
TBHP70 reactive compound
TBHP flammable liquid
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide peroxide solution
TBHP70 chemical reagent
TBHP oxidative agent
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide chemical compound
TBHP70 organic peroxide
TBHP reactive intermediate
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide initiator
TBHP 70% solution
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70% reagent
TBHP70 oxidant
Tert-butyl peroxohydroperoxide 70%
TBHP 70% peroxo compound
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70% concentrate
TBHP hydrogen peroxide solution
Tert-butylperoxyhydroperoxide 70% agent
TBHP70 reactive chemical
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide solution
TBHP oxidative reagent
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide peroxide
TBHP70 initiator
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide oxidizer
TBHP reactive intermediate
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide oxidizing agent
TBHP70 chemical compound
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide peroxide solution
TBHP70 organic peroxide
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide reagent solution
TBHP flammable liquid
Tert-butylperoxyhydroperoxide 70% peroxide
TBHP oxidizing solution
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide peroxide reagent
TBHP70 radical initiator
TBHP 70% peroxo solution
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70% compound
TBHP70 hydrogen peroxide
Tert-butylperoxyhydroperoxide 70% reagent
TBHP oxidative compound
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide oxidizing solution
TBHP70 organic peroxo compound
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide peroxo agent
TBHP 70% oxidant
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide peroxide chemical
TBHP reactive peroxide
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide initiator solution
TBHP oxidizing reagent

2,2,2-Trihydroxytriethylamine; TEA; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; Triethanolamin; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine; Trolamine; Daltogen; Nitrilotriethanol; Sterolamide; Tri(hydroxyethyl)amine; Triethanolamin; Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2''-Nitrilotris(ethanol); Nitrilo-2,2',2"-triethanol; 2,2,2-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2',2"-Nitrilotriethanol; Nitrilo-2,2',2''-triethanol; 2,2',2''-trihydroxy Triethylamine; Triethylolamine; Trihydroxytriethylamine; Tris(beta-hydroxyethyl)amine cas no: 102-71-6

DESCRIPTION:
Tert Butyl Peracetate 50% is an initiator for polymerization of ethylene and (meth)acrylates.
Tert Butyl Peracetate 50% is sensitive to heat. Storage of this material must be done so with stringent temperature control measures. Its explosion hazard is also mitigated by mixing the peroxide with an inert solid.

CAS Number: 107-71-1
Molecular Weight: 132.16
Linear Formula: CH3CO3C(CH3)3

APPLICATIONS OF TERT BUTYL PERACETATE 50%:
Tert Butyl Peracetate 50% Allows the direct copper catalyzed acetoxylation of β-lactams at the 4-position.
Reagent used as a methyl-radical source under photoredox catalysis in conjunction with photocatalyst for late-stage functionalization of biologically active heterocycles.
Tert Butyl Peracetate 50% can be used for the market segments: polymer production and acrylics production with their different applications/functions

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TERT BUTYL PERACETATE 50%:
Form: liquid
t1/2: 10 hr(101 °C, 0.2 M in benzene)
concentration: 50 wt. % in odorless mineral spirits
refractive index: n20/D 1.412
density: 0.828 g/mL at 25 °C
Chemical family
Organic peroxide
CAS number
107-71-1
Physical form
Liquid
Regional availability
Africa, Europe, India, Middle East
Molecular Weight
132.2
Chemical name
tert-Butyl peroxyacetate, 50% solution in isododecane
Color Undesignated
Formula Weight 132.16
Percent Purity 49 to 51%
Packaging Plastic bottle
Quantity 250 mL
Physical Form Solution
Chemical Name or Material tert-Butyl peroxyacetate, 50% Solution In Aromatic Free Mineral Spirit
CAS
107-71-1, 64742-48-9
Molecular Formula
C6H12O3
Molecular Weight (g/mol)
132.159
MDL Number
MFCD00048240
InChI Key
SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Synonym
tert-butyl peroxyacetate, t-butyl peracetate, tert-butyl peracetate, lupersol 70, t-butyl peroxyacetate, ethaneperoxoic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, trigonox f-c50, unii-fj3f3s50cs, peroxyacetic acid, tert-butyl ester, fj3f3s50cs
PubChem CID
61019
IUPAC Name
tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate
Molecular Weight
132.16 g/mol
XLogP3-AA
1.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
Exact Mass
132.078644241 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
132.078644241 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
35.5Å²
Heavy Atom Count
9
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
101
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TERT BUTYL PERACETATE 50%:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

SYNONYMS OF TERT BUTYL PERACETATE 50%:

tert-Butyl peroxyacetate
107-71-1
tert-Butyl peracetate
tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate
t-Butyl peracetate
Lupersol 70
Trigonox F-C50
t-Butyl peroxyacetate
ETHANEPEROXOIC ACID, 1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL ESTER
Peroxyacetic acid, tert-butyl ester
UNII-FJ3F3S50CS
EINECS 203-514-5
FJ3F3S50CS
NSC 118417
BRN 1701510
4-02-00-00391 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
NSC-118417
SCHEMBL24499
BUTYL PERACETATE, TERT-
DTXSID9029142
ACETYL TERT-BUTYL PEROXIDE
SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Ethaneperoxoic acid tert-butyl ester
NSC118417
AKOS015892841
WLN: 1X1 & 1 & OOV1
Ethaneperoxoic acid,1-dimethylethyl ester
Q27278013

DESCRIPTION:

Tert Butyl Per-Iso-Nonanoate is Colourless, mobile liquid, consisting of technically pure tert.butylperoxy-3,5,5- trimethylhexanoate (tert.butylperisononanoate).
This branched, aliphatic perester is used as an initiator (radical source) in the polymerisation of monomers (e.g. ethylene, styrene).

Cas NO.: 153302-08-0
EINECS: 236-050-7
Mw: 230.34374
Molecular Formula: C13H24O4
IUPAC Name: tert-butyl 3-(5-methylhexyl)dioxirane-3-carboxylate

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TERT BUTYL PER-ISO-NONANOATE:
Molecular Weight
244.33 g/mol
XLogP3-AA
3.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
8
Exact Mass
244.16745924 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
244.16745924 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
51.4Å²
Heavy Atom Count
17
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
261
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes

Appearance colourless liquid
Peroxide content ca. 99 % w/w
Active oxygen ca. 6.88 % w/w
De-sensitising agent none
Density at 20°C ca. 0.89 g/cm3
Viscosity at 20°C ca. 5.0 mPa•s
Refractive index at 20°C ca. 1.431
Miscibility immiscible with water
miscible with alcohols, phthalate
Critical temperature (SADT) ca. 60°C
Cold storage stability to below -25°C
Kick-off temperature ca. 80°C
Recommended storage temperature below 30°C

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TERT BUTYL PER-ISO-NONANOATE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

SYNONYMS OF TERT BUTYL PER-ISO-NONANOATE:
CTK8D8285;
DTXSID00276147;
DTXSID40864365;
EC 236-050-7;
Einecs 236-050-7;
Hexaneperoxoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester;
NS00008185;
Q27269552;
TBPMH;
t-Butyl 3,5,5-trimethylperoxyhexanoate;
2-Methyl-2-propanyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexaneperoxoate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
2-Methyl-2-propanyl-3,5,5-trimethylhexanperoxoat [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
3,5,5-Triméthylhexaneperoxoate de 2-méthyl-2-propanyle [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Hexaneperoxoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester [ACD/Index Name]
tert-Butyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexaneperoxoate
TERT-BUTYL 3,5,5-TRIMETHYLHEXANOYLPEROXIDE
tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate
132160-38-4 [RN]
153302-08-0 [RN]
6-tert-butyldioxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate
tert-butyl 3,5,5-trimethylperoxyhexanoate
tert-Butyl perisononanoate
tert-butylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is a colorless liquid.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is particularly sensitive to temperature rises and contamination.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is regarded as an intermediate fire hazard; however, it has low impact sensitivity.

CAS Number: 3006-82-4
Molecular Formula: C12H24O3
Molecular Weight: 216.32
EINECS Number: 221-110-7

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% has a half-life in benzene of 10.0 h at 162°F (72°C).
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used as a medium temperature initiator for the polymerization of vinyl monomers and the curing of styrene-unsaturated polyester resins.
Above a given "Control Temperature" they decompose violently.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is generally stored or transported with inert solids to mitigate the explosion hazard.
An organic peroxide initiator used as a polymerization initiator for all vinyl monomers, such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, methacrylic acid, styrene, ethylene, etc.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%, often abbreviated as TBPEH or TBPEH-99%, is a chemical compound used as a radical initiator in various chemical processes.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is a perester compound with the molecular formula C12H24O3.
TBPEH has a peroxy functional group (OO) and consists of a tert-butyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, and a peroxyester linkage.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%s chemical formula is usually written as (CH3)3C-O-(CH2)6-C(O)OOC(CH2)3CH3.

Use as a Radical Initiator: Like di-tert-butyl peroxide, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used as a radical initiator in various chemical processes, especially in the polymerization of monomers to form polymers.
When Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% decomposes, it generates free radicals (such as alkyl and alkoxyl radicals) that initiate the polymerization reactions.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is employed in the production of various polymer materials, including plastics, rubber, coatings, and adhesives.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%s use allows for the controlled and efficient formation of polymer chains and cross-linking, leading to materials with desired properties.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% indicates that the product is highly pure, with the active TBPEH compound accounting for at least 99% of the total composition.
The remaining 1% or less may consist of stabilizers, impurities, or other substances added to enhance the compound's stability or handling.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%, like other peroxides, should be handled with care due to its potential for thermal decomposition and flammability.
Safety precautions and guidelines for its storage, transportation, and usage are essential to minimize risks.
Proper storage is crucial for maintaining the stability of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from heat sources, open flames, and incompatible materials.
Special containers designed for peroxide storage may be used.
The use and transport of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% are typically regulated, and users are required to be trained in its safe handling and storage.

Compliance with local, state, and federal regulations is essential.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is commonly used to initiate the polymerization of resins in the production of composite materials.
This process leads to the formation of strong and durable composite structures that are used in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and construction.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is often employed to cross-link thermosetting polymers.
In this context, it acts as a cross-linking agent to create a three-dimensional network of covalent bonds within the polymer structure, enhancing its mechanical properties, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is known for its stability at elevated temperatures, making it suitable for initiating polymerization reactions at higher processing temperatures, which can be necessary for some specialized applications.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to initiate the curing process.
This allows the adhesive or sealant to bond and harden effectively, which is vital for applications such as construction, automotive assembly, and manufacturing of bonded products.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% safely is essential. It is highly flammable and can decompose upon heating, posing risks of fire or explosion.

Proper safety protocols, such as wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), and following safety data sheets and guidelines are critical when working with TBPEH.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% often perform quality control tests to ensure the compound's purity and consistency.
Ensuring that the TBPEH is stored and handled correctly is crucial for maintaining its effectiveness as an initiator.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%, like other peroxides, can be incompatible with certain substances.
Mixing it with incompatible materials can lead to dangerous reactions.
Therefore, it's important to know the compatibility of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% with other chemicals or materials in a given process.

Depending on the region and industry, the handling, transportation, and use of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% may be subject to specific regulations and may require certification and training in its safe handling.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is manufactured on a commercial scale to meet the demands of various industries.
Manufacturers ensure batch consistency and purity through quality control procedures and testing.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is sometimes used as part of custom initiator systems.
These systems can be fine-tuned to meet specific polymerization requirements, allowing for precise control over reaction kinetics and the properties of the resulting polymer.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be incorporated into controlled release initiator systems for applications that require a sustained release of free radicals over an extended period.

This can be important in certain curing processes and material applications.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used to achieve faster polymerization or curing processes, reducing production times and increasing efficiency in manufacturing.
Research in the field of polymer chemistry continues to explore new initiator compounds and methodologies.

Scientists are working on the development of safer, more efficient, and more sustainable initiator systems.
In some cases, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% may be used in the manufacture of food packaging materials to enhance their performance characteristics and extend the shelf life of food products.
Initiators like Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% are important in the production of advanced materials for energy storage and conversion technologies, such as lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and photovoltaics.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used for modifying the properties of existing polymers.
By introducing new cross-links or modifying existing ones, it's possible to change the mechanical, thermal, or chemical properties of polymers.

Melting point: -30°C
Boiling point: 248.9±23.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 0.89
vapor pressure: 2Pa at 20℃
Flash point: 85°C
pka: -4.8[at 20 ℃]
Water Solubility: 46.3mg/L at 20℃
LogP: 4.79 at 20℃

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is valued for its high reaction efficiency, which means that it can effectively initiate polymerization reactions with relatively small amounts of the initiator.
This can lead to cost savings in industrial processes.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the production of coatings, such as paints and varnishes.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% serves as an initiator to start the polymerization of resins in these coatings, which results in durable and protective finishes for various surfaces.
The use of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% in various polymerization processes helps enhance the performance characteristics of end products.
This includes improvements in tensile strength, impact resistance, thermal stability, and resistance to environmental factors.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be tailored for specific applications by adjusting its concentration and formulation in reaction mixtures.
This customization allows manufacturers to achieve desired product properties.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is typically available in various forms, including liquids and pastes.

The packaging and storage of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% are designed to prevent contamination and degradation.
Proper storage conditions, such as temperature control, are essential to maintain its stability.
In some cases, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% may be used in combination with other initiators to achieve specific polymerization goals.

Understanding the compatibility of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% with other initiators and additives is important for optimizing polymerization processes.
Ongoing research aims to improve the efficiency and safety of initiators like Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%.
This includes the development of novel initiator systems and the exploration of their applications in emerging fields and technologies.

While peroxides like Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% are widely used, their environmental impact and the generation of hazardous waste are concerns.
Research is ongoing to develop more sustainable and environmentally friendly initiator systems.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% explodes with great violence when rapidly heated to a critical temperature; pure form is shock sensitive and detonable [Bretherick 1979 p. 602].
Decomposes violently or explosively at temperatures 0-10°C owing to self- accelerating exothermic decomposition; Several explosions were due to shock, heat or friction; amines and certain metals can cause accelerated decomposition [Bretherick 1979 p. 156].

Uses
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%, also known as Trigonox 21S or PEROXAN PO-30 , is an initiator for (co)polymerization of ethylene, styrene, acrylonitrile and (meth)acrylates.
Curing agent for unsaturated polyester resins.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used for high pressure polymerization of ethylene in both autoclave and tubular processes, usually in combination with other peroxides of varying degrees of activity.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used for the market segments: polymer production, thermoset composites and acrylics with their different applications/functions.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the following products: polymers.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used for the manufacture of: plastic products.

Release to the environment of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and as processing aid.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is most commonly employed to initiate the polymerization of various monomers.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% plays a crucial role in the production of a wide range of polymer materials, including plastics, rubbers, elastomers, and thermosetting resins.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used for cross-linking elastomers and thermosetting polymers.
The cross-linking process enhances the mechanical properties, heat resistance, and chemical resistance of the materials.
This is particularly important in the manufacturing of tires, hoses, and gaskets.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used to initiate the polymerization of resins in the production of composite materials.
This results in the creation of strong and lightweight composite structures that find applications in aerospace, automotive, construction, and more.
In the formulation of adhesives and sealants, TBPEH serves as an initiator to start the curing process, allowing these materials to bond to surfaces effectively.

This is essential for construction, automotive assembly, and other bonding applications.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the production of coatings, such as paints and varnishes.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% initiates the polymerization of resins in these coatings, which provides a protective and durable finish on surfaces.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used as a blowing agent in the production of foam materials, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) or polyurethane foam.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% facilitates the expansion and solidification of foam materials.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the production of plastics, including thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%s use contributes to the controlled formation of polymer chains, leading to the production of various plastic products.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is utilized to initiate polymerization reactions for fabric treatments, providing textiles with specific properties.
In research and development, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is a valuable tool for scientists working on the synthesis of new materials, compounds, and chemical reactions, particularly in the field of polymer chemistry.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be employed in water treatment processes to initiate oxidative reactions, breaking down contaminants and pollutants in wastewater.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% may be used in the production of food packaging materials to enhance their performance characteristics and extend the shelf life of food products.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% helps create food-safe materials with improved properties.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% play a role in the development of advanced materials for energy storage technologies.
This includes applications in lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors, where controlled polymerization is crucial.
In some cases, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% may find use in the development of medical devices and pharmaceutical products, where it contributes to the polymerization or cross-linking of specific materials required for these applications.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used in the production of construction materials such as coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% helps create durable and weather-resistant materials for use in construction and infrastructure projects.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is versatile and can be part of customized initiator systems that are adjusted to meet specific manufacturing requirements, allowing for precise control over reaction kinetics and product properties.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%'s used in the textile industry to create specialized coatings and treatments for textiles, giving them specific properties such as resistance to water, stains, or fire.
In laboratories and research facilities, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is essential for developing and testing new materials, compounds, and processes, particularly in the field of polymer chemistry.
Manufacturers and researchers conduct quality control tests to ensure the purity and consistency of Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%, ensuring it meets specific standards for various applications.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be employed to modify existing polymers or create customized materials with specific properties, depending on the needs of various industries.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is also subject to ongoing research and development efforts aimed at improving their environmental impact and sustainability, including the generation of less hazardous waste.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used for creating materials for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other applications.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% helps in the polymerization of biocompatible polymers to produce medical implants, drug carriers, and controlled-release systems.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the automotive industry for the production of various components, including interior and exterior parts.
The polymerization process initiated by TBPEH helps create lightweight, durable, and heat-resistant materials.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is utilized for producing composite materials that are vital for aircraft and spacecraft components.
The lightweight yet strong properties of composites are advantageous for these applications.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is used in the formulation of paints and coatings designed to withstand harsh marine environments.

These coatings protect ships, offshore structures, and marine equipment from corrosion and environmental damage.
Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be applied in the manufacturing of materials for photovoltaic devices, such as solar panels.
Initiators like Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% are used in the production of specific polymers used in solar cell technology.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is integral to the production of advanced materials used in the electronics and semiconductor industries, contributing to the manufacturing of electronic components and devices.
The tire industry relies on initiators like Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% to cross-link the rubber compounds used in tire production.
Cross-linking enhances the mechanical properties, heat resistance, and tread wear of tires.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used to create packaging materials with enhanced performance characteristics, such as improved sealing properties, resistance to chemicals, and better barrier properties.
Industrial coatings, such as those used in the protection of steel structures, pipelines, and tanks, often contain Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% to improve their resistance to corrosion and environmental degradation.

Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% can be used in the development of flame-retardant materials used in applications where fire resistance is critical, such as in construction and transportation industries.
Initiators like Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% contribute to the production of tires and sealing materials used in the automotive industry, enhancing their mechanical properties and durability.

Safety Profile
When working with Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99%, it's important to refer to the product's safety data sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer.
This document contains crucial safety and handling information, including precautions, first-aid measures, and storage recommendations.
Based on available data，Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is considered to be very toxictowards aquatic organisms and is classified according to EC 1272/2008 regulation.

Several tests have shown that Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is degradable by hydrolysisand also by biotic degradation in water: this substance is inherently biodegradable.
As aconsequence, Tert Butyl Peroxy -2- Ethyl Hexanoate 99% is neither PBT nor vPvB.

Synonyms
3006-82-4
tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate
Hexaneperoxoic acid, 2-ethyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
tert-Butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate
tert-Butyl 2-ethylperoxyhexanoate
KGA9W7ZS5I
2-Ethyl-hexaneperoxoic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
Peroxyhexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, tert-butyl ester
INTEROX TBPEH
PERCURE O
UNII-KGA9W7ZS5I
CHALOXYD P 1310
SCHEMBL210333
tert-butyl 2-ethylperhexanoate
DTXSID0027511
Tert-Butylperoxy-2-Ethylhecanoate
EINECS 221-110-7
AKOS024437786
AS-68928
2-ETHYLHEXANOYL TERT-BUTYL PEROXIDE
FT-0689243
EC 221-110-7
EN300-367472
Q27282239

Tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, typically referred to as TBPEH or Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75%, is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic peroxides.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is often used as a free radical initiator in various chemical processes, particularly in the production of polymers and plastics.
The "75%" in its name indicates the concentration of the active ingredient, which means that Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contains 75% of the active peroxide compound and 25% other ingredients or stabilizers to improve its stability and handling characteristics.

CAS Number: 104-76-7

APPLICATIONS

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is widely used as a free radical initiator in the polymerization of styrene and other monomers in the plastics industry.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is a key ingredient in the production of polystyrene, which is used in packaging materials, disposable utensils, and insulation.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the manufacturing of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastics, commonly found in automotive parts, toys, and consumer electronics.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a vital role in the production of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) materials, which are used in a wide range of applications, including packaging, pipes, and automotive components.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the creation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, which find applications in construction, electrical cables, and medical devices.

In the rubber industry, it is utilized to initiate the vulcanization process, leading to the formation of durable rubber compounds.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the manufacture of synthetic rubber, enhancing its strength, elasticity, and resistance to wear and tear.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is a critical component in the production of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, which is used in roofing materials, automotive seals, and gaskets.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the formulation of silicone rubber, known for its excellent resistance to extreme temperatures and chemicals.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% aids in the creation of elastomeric materials used in the production of seals and gaskets for industrial and automotive applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the production of latex gloves, providing elasticity and strength to the rubber material.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is a valuable initiator in the manufacture of thermosetting resins used in composite materials for aerospace and automotive components.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, ensuring their ability to bond various materials effectively.

In the printing industry, it is employed in the production of inks that adhere well to various substrates.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used to create high-performance coatings for automotive and industrial applications, providing durability and corrosion resistance.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the production of polyester resins used in fiberglass-reinforced composites for boats, tanks, and construction panels.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the formulation of epoxy resins, commonly used in the manufacture of laminates, coatings, and electronic components.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the production of acrylic-based adhesives used in tapes, labels, and graphic films.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the creation of crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) pipes for plumbing and heating systems.
In the aerospace industry, it is used to produce composite materials for aircraft components, providing lightweight and high-strength properties.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is an essential ingredient in the production of polyurethane foams, used in mattresses, furniture, and insulation.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the creation of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), which is used in the packaging industry for food containers and disposable products.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the formulation of specialty plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), known for its chemical resistance and thermal stability.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the production of molding compounds for electrical and electronic applications, including connectors and switches.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is a versatile compound that plays a fundamental role in the development of a wide range of polymer-based products used in various industries, from everyday consumer goods to advanced technology applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the creation of high-impact, durable, and weather-resistant plastic automotive components, including bumpers, grilles, and interior trim.

In the construction industry, it is used to manufacture polyvinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer films for laminated safety glass used in architectural windows and automotive windshields.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the production of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), which are used in the fabrication of soft-touch grips and handles for tools and appliances.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the formulation of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs), ideal for applications like flexible tubing, hoses, and footwear.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the creation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resins, the primary material for producing beverage bottles, food containers, and polyester fabrics.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the production of acrylate-based polymers used in pressure-sensitive adhesives for labels, tapes, and graphic films.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the synthesis of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) resins, utilized in electrical connectors, automotive parts, and appliance components.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is essential in the manufacturing of polyacetal (POM) or acetal copolymer, known for its low friction and excellent wear resistance, making it suitable for gears and bearings.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used to create polyphenylene oxide (PPO) or polyphenylene ether (PPE) resins, valued for their electrical insulating properties and flame resistance in electrical applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the production of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) polymers, which are used in demanding engineering applications, such as aerospace components and medical implants.

In the textile industry, it is employed to enhance the performance of polyester fibers, improving their strength, dyeability, and wrinkle resistance.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the production of melt-blown and spun-bonded polypropylene nonwovens used in hygiene products, filters, and disposable medical apparel.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used to initiate the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers, leading to the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin used in pipes, cable insulation, and vinyl flooring.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the creation of thermosetting phenolic resins, employed in the manufacturing of brake linings, circuit boards, and aerospace components.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the formulation of polyimide materials, known for their high-temperature stability and use in electronics, aerospace, and semiconductor applications.

In the automotive industry, it is employed in the production of composite materials used for lightweighting vehicles and improving fuel efficiency.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the development of polymeric foams, including expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS), used for insulation in construction and packaging.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the manufacture of thermosetting polyester resins, which find applications in boat hulls, wind turbine blades, and industrial tanks.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the production of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) films, utilized in flexible electronics, solar panels, and packaging.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the creation of thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) materials, valued for their weather resistance and used in roofing membranes and automotive parts.
In the electrical industry, it is used in the production of epoxy-based insulating materials for transformers, circuit breakers, and electrical switches.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the development of thermosetting silicone rubber compounds, known for their flexibility, heat resistance, and electrical insulating properties.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the production of biodegradable polymers, contributing to sustainable packaging and agricultural applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the formulation of polymer blends, allowing manufacturers to tailor materials with specific properties for diverse applications.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% continues to drive innovation in various industries, contributing to the development of advanced materials and products that enhance our daily lives and address diverse industrial needs.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the production of thermoplastic polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), which is valued for its clarity, toughness, and ease of processing in the manufacture of food containers, medical devices, and displays.

In the automotive sector, it contributes to the manufacturing of polyurethane foam used in vehicle seating, cushioning, and sound insulation.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the formulation of thermosetting melamine-formaldehyde resins, which are used to produce durable laminate surfaces for countertops, tabletops, and cabinetry.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the creation of thermoplastic elastomer compounds used for automotive weatherstripping, seals, and gaskets.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the production of acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA) polymers, known for their excellent weather resistance, making them suitable for outdoor applications like automotive trim and signage.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the development of thermosetting epoxy-acrylic hybrid resins used for UV-curable coatings on various substrates, including metals and plastics.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the manufacture of crosslinked polyethylene foam, used for insulation in HVAC systems, construction, and automotive applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the creation of thermosetting phenolic foam insulation materials, providing excellent fire resistance and thermal performance in building applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the production of thermoplastic polyamide (nylon) resins, valued for their high strength, chemical resistance, and use in automotive components and consumer goods.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the formulation of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) resins, used for piping systems in industrial and commercial applications.
In the aerospace industry, it is employed to enhance the performance of epoxy-based composite materials used in aircraft structures and components.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the development of thermoplastic fluoropolymer resins, known for their exceptional chemical resistance and electrical properties in applications like wire and cable insulation.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the creation of thermosetting bismaleimide (BMI) resins, which are heat-resistant materials employed in aerospace and high-performance electronics.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the formulation of thermoplastic polyetherimide (PEI) resins, known for their high-temperature stability, electrical insulating properties, and use in electronics and aerospace.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the production of thermosetting urea-formaldehyde resins, which are used as adhesives for wood products and particleboard.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the manufacturing of thermoplastic cyclic olefin copolymers (COC), valued for their optical clarity and use in medical and optical applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the formulation of thermosetting polybenzoxazine resins, known for their excellent flame resistance and mechanical properties in aerospace and electronics.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used to initiate the polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers, leading to the production of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesives and emulsions used in wood bonding, paper coatings, and textiles.
In the renewable energy sector, it contributes to the production of composite materials used in wind turbine blades, enabling efficient energy generation.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% plays a role in the formulation of high-performance thermosetting composites used in sporting goods, such as tennis rackets, golf club heads, and bicycle frames.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is employed in the development of conductive polymer materials used in flexible electronics, sensors, and printed circuits.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in the creation of thermoplastic elastomeric compounds for medical tubing, ensuring flexibility and biocompatibility.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the formulation of thermosetting resins for the manufacture of carbon fiber-reinforced composites used in lightweight automotive components and aerospace structures.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is utilized in the production of thermoplastic copolymers for 3D printing applications, enabling the creation of complex and customizable parts.
Across industries, Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% continues to find innovative applications, contributing to the development of advanced materials and products that meet the evolving needs of modern technology and manufacturing.

DESCRIPTION

Tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, typically referred to as TBPEH or Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75%, is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic peroxides.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is often used as a free radical initiator in various chemical processes, particularly in the production of polymers and plastics.
The "75%" in its name indicates the concentration of the active ingredient, which means that Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contains 75% of the active peroxide compound and 25% other ingredients or stabilizers to improve its stability and handling characteristics.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is an organic peroxide compound used in various industrial applications.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor.
The "75%" in its name signifies that it contains 75% of the active peroxide compound and 25% other ingredients or stabilizers.
Its chemical formula is C10H20O3, representing its molecular structure.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is classified as a free radical initiator, playing a crucial role in initiating polymerization reactions.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is commonly used in the production of polymers, plastics, and rubbers.

When Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% decomposes, it releases free radicals that facilitate the crosslinking of polymer chains.
This crosslinking process results in the formation of a three-dimensional network within polymer materials.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is sensitive to heat, shock, friction, and contamination, requiring careful handling.

Proper safety precautions, such as personal protective equipment (PPE), are necessary when working with this chemical.
It is essential to follow strict safety guidelines and regulations to prevent accidents and ensure workplace safety.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is a valuable tool in the plastics and rubber industry.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% aids in improving the mechanical properties, durability, and performance of polymer materials.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is known for its ability to initiate controlled polymerization reactions.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is typically stored in cool, dry, and well-ventilated areas away from heat sources and open flames.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is used in various industrial sectors, including automotive, construction, and aerospace.
Manufacturers often provide detailed safety data sheets (SDS) and product information to ensure safe handling.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is also employed in the formulation of adhesives and coatings.

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is classified as a hazardous substance due to its sensitivity to various factors.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% should not be ingested or allowed to come into contact with skin, eyes, or clothing.

In case of accidental exposure, appropriate first aid measures and medical attention should be sought.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% is an essential component in the production of high-quality plastic and rubber products.
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% contributes to the development of materials with enhanced heat resistance and performance.
Proper storage, handling, and disposal procedures are critical to maintaining safety when working with this compound.

PROPERTIES

Chemical Formula: C14H28O3
Common Name: Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75%
CAS Number: 3006-82-4 (This is a common CAS number for this type of chemical, but specific formulations may have different CAS numbers.)
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid.
Odor: Characteristic, organic peroxide odor.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 244.37 g/mol.
Concentration: 75% active ingredient in the provided form.
Solubility: Soluble in various organic solvents.
Density: Varies depending on the specific formulation and concentration.
Melting Point: Typically below -20°C (-4°F).
Boiling Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation.
Flash Point: Varies depending on the specific formulation.
Chemical Class: Organic peroxide.
Stability: Sensitive to heat, shock, friction, and contamination.
Decomposition: Gradual decomposition releases oxygen radicals, which can initiate polymerization reactions.
Polymerization Initiator: Used to initiate controlled polymerization in the production of plastics and rubbers.

FIRST AID

Inhalation (Breathing in vapors or aerosols):

Remove the affected person from the contaminated area to an area with fresh air.
If the person is experiencing difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.
If the person has stopped breathing or has no pulse, administer CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) if trained to do so.

Skin Contact:

Immediately remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Wash the affected skin thoroughly with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Use a mild soap if available.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or chemical burns develop.
Do not use abrasive materials, hot water, or strong solvents, as they can exacerbate skin irritation.

Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently but thoroughly with lukewarm, low-pressure water for at least 15 minutes while keeping the eyelids open.
If contact lenses are worn, remove them if it can be done safely during rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, and continue rinsing the eyes until professional medical help is obtained.
Do not delay seeking medical attention, even if initial rinsing provides relief.

Ingestion (Swallowing):

Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a medical professional.
Rinse the mouth and drink plenty of water or milk if the person is conscious and not experiencing severe symptoms.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center for guidance.
If the chemical is ingested, avoid consuming food or beverages, and do not attempt to neutralize it with substances like vinegar or baking soda.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Always wear the appropriate PPE, which may include chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and suitable protective clothing.
Ensure that all PPE is in good condition and properly fitted.

Ventilation:
Use this chemical in a well-ventilated area or under local exhaust ventilation to control and reduce exposure to vapors or aerosols.
Avoid breathing vapors or aerosols by using a suitable respiratory protection device if necessary.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin, eye, and clothing contact with the chemical.
Do not ingest or taste the chemical, and avoid smoking, eating, or drinking in areas where it is handled.

Handling Precautions:
Handle the chemical with care to prevent spills or leaks.
Do not use damaged containers or equipment that may lead to leakage.

Storage Compatibility:
Store the chemical away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, bases, and reducing agents, to prevent hazardous reactions.
Ensure that storage areas are clearly labeled and segregated for hazardous materials.

Static Electricity:
Ground and bond containers and equipment to prevent the buildup of static electricity, as organic peroxides can be sensitive to electrostatic discharges.

Avoid High Temperatures:
Store the chemical away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight, as it can be sensitive to heat and temperature extremes.

Storage:

Location:
Store Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area designated for hazardous materials.
Ensure that the storage area complies with local regulations and is adequately equipped to handle spills or emergencies.

Temperature:
Store at temperatures within the recommended range specified by the manufacturer.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, as elevated temperatures can accelerate decomposition.

Container Integrity:
Ensure that containers used for storage are in good condition, free from damage or defects that may lead to leakage.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Segregation:
Store the chemical away from incompatible substances, following guidelines provided in the SDS.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers with the product name, hazard information, and handling precautions.
Maintain legible and updated labels.

Emergency Equipment:
Keep suitable emergency equipment, such as spill kits, eyewash stations, and safety showers, accessible in the storage area.

Monitoring:
Regularly monitor storage conditions and containers for signs of damage or deterioration.
Implement a regular inspection and maintenance schedule.

Security:
Restrict access to the storage area to authorized personnel only.
Comply with security regulations and guidelines if applicable.

Fire Safety:
Implement fire safety measures in the storage area, including fire extinguishers and sprinkler systems.
Store away from ignition sources.

Documentation:
Maintain accurate records of receipt, usage, and disposal of the chemical as required by regulations.

SYNONYMS

Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75%
Tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate 75%
Tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate solution (75%)
TBPEH
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl 75%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate 75%
Peroxycarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl 75%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) dicarbonate solution (75%)
TBPEH organic peroxide (75%)
2-Ethylhexyl percarbonate 75%
Peroxidic initiator for polymers (75%)
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% peroxide solution
2-Ethylhexyl carbonate peroxide (75%)
Initiator for polymerization processes (75%)
Organic peroxide TBPEH (75%)
Peroxidic compound of 2-ethylhexanol (75%)
Tert butyl peroxy-2-ethyl hexanoate 75% crosslinking agent
Polymerization initiator TBPEH (75%)
Peroxydicarbonate solution for plastics (75%)
Tert-butyl percarbonate of 2-ethylhexanol (75%)
Peroxycarbonate of octyl alcohol (75%)
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexane (75%)
Peroxidic initiator of 2-ethylhexyl carbonate (75%)
Peroxide compound TBPEH (75%)
Peroxidic solution for polymer processing (75%)
Tert-butyl 2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate 75%
TBPH-75
Tert-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexyl dicarbonate 75%
Tert-butyl peroxo-2-ethylhexanoate 75%
2-Ethylhexyl tert-butyl percarbonate 75%
2-Ethylhexyl peroxycarbonate 75%
TBEC-75
TBPC-75
Tert-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate 75%
Di(2-ethylhexyl) dicarbonate peroxide solution (75%)
Tert-butyl 2-ethylhexyl peroxycarbonate 75%
Peroxidic compound of octyl alcohol (75%)
Peroxycarbonate of 2-ethylhexanol 75%
TBPC organic peroxide (75%)
Peroxycarbonate solution for rubber and plastics (75%)
2-Ethylhexyl tert-butyl carbonate peroxide (75%)
Tert-butyl peroxydicarbonate of octanol (75%)
Organic peroxide initiator TBEC (75%)
Peroxidic initiator of 2-ethylhexyl carbonate (75%)
TBPH-75 peroxide solution
Peroxycarbonate of octanol 75%
Tert-butyl peroxo-2-ethylhexyl dicarbonate 75%
Peroxydicarbonate of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol (75%)
Tert-butyl peroxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate 75%
TBEC-75 organic peroxide solution

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is a colorless clear liquid with the molecular formula of C13H26O4, and it is often used as an initiator in polystyrene production.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is an initiator for (co)polymerization of ethylene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride and (meth)acrylates.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is compounds characterized by the presence of an oxygen-oxygen linkage in the molecular structure.

CAS Number: 6731-36-8
Molecular Formula: C17H34O4
Molecular Weight: 302.46
EINECS Number: 229-782-3

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is a chemical compound that is typically used as a radical initiator in various chemical processes, especially in the polymerization of monomers to produce polymers and other materials.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are sensitive to heat and contamination, since these conditions will cleave the oxy-oxy bonds to form free radicals.
However, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution has a high degree of thermal sensitivity.

The polymerization of monomers is one of the main fields of application for organic peroxides.
In this bulletin would like to give you a rough overview on the use of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution for the free-radical polymerization.
Next will be a short overview on the different types of polymerization processes for monomers.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is a reactive oxygen species that has been used as an oxidant in organic synthesis.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is typically produced by the oxidation of tert-butanol with hydrogen peroxide and sodium citrate.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution has been shown to be highly resistant to degradation, even at high pH values.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution has also been shown to induce neuronal death in vivo, which may be due to its ability to produce hydroxyl radicals and other reactive oxygen species.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be used for wastewater treatment because it reacts with organic matter and produces less sludge than chlorine.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution also has the ability to react with chemicals in a variety of ways, including transfer reactions, such as the addition of alcohols or esters.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution, also known as DTBP, is an organic compound used in polymer chemistry and organic synthesis as a radical initiator.
Ungraded Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions supplied by TCI America are generally suitable for common industrial uses or for research purposes but typically are not suitable for human consumption or therapeutic use.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution has the chemical formula C11H20O3 and is a member of the peroxyesters class of compounds.

Like other peroxides, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution generates free radicals when it decomposes.
These free radicals initiate polymerization reactions by initiating chain reactions that lead to the formation of polymer chains.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is dissolved in a solvent, and the solution contains 75% TBPP by weight.

The solvent is typically used to make the handling and dosing of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution more manageable and safer.
Common solvents used include isopropyl alcohol, toluene, or other suitable organic solvents.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is commonly used in the production of various polymer materials, including plastics, elastomers, and thermosetting resins.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions role is to initiate polymerization reactions, leading to the formation of polymer chains with desired properties.

Initiators like Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution play a crucial role in controlling the rate of polymerization, the molecular weight of the polymer, and the polymer's characteristics.
This control is important for tailoring the properties of the end Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is a peroxide, and like other peroxides, it should be handled with care due to its potential for thermal decomposition and flammability.

The purity and consistency of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are typically checked through quality control tests to ensure it meets specific standards and that it will perform as expected in various applications.
The use of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution and its solutions is often subject to regulations, and users may be required to undergo training in the safe handling and storage of such compounds.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants to initiate the curing process.

This allows the adhesive or sealant to bond effectively to various surfaces and materials.
These applications are common in construction, automotive assembly, and product manufacturing.
In the production of composite materials, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution helps initiate the polymerization of resins, facilitating the bonding of reinforcement materials like fiberglass or carbon fiber with the resin matrix.

This results in lightweight and strong composites used in aerospace, automotive, and construction.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is employed for cross-linking elastomers, enhancing their mechanical properties, resilience, and resistance to heat and chemicals.
This is especially important in the manufacture of rubber products, including tires and hoses.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be formulated for controlled release applications, where a gradual release of radicals over time is required, allowing for precise control in various processes, such as curing.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used in the production of specialty polymers designed for specific applications.
This can include unique properties like high-temperature resistance, electrical conductivity, or adhesion characteristics.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be adjusted and formulated for specific polymerization requirements.
Manufacturers can customize these solutions to achieve precise control over reaction kinetics and end-product properties.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution and related initiators are used in the production of materials for the electronics and semiconductor industries, enabling the manufacture of electronic components and devices.

For users of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions, it's important to refer to the product's safety data sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer.
This document contains essential safety and handling information, including precautions, first-aid measures, and storage recommendations.

Melting point: -20 °C
Boiling point: 403.47°C (rough estimate)
Density: 0.895
vapor pressure: 0.009Pa at 20℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.441(lit.)
Flash point: 62 °C
storage temp.: Refrigerator (+4°C)
solubility: Acetonitrile (Slightly), Chloroform (Sparingly)
form: Solution
color: Clear
Water Solubility: immiscible
LogP: 7 at 25℃

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution, are good oxidizing agents.
Organic compounds can ignite on contact with concentrated Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions.
Strongly reduced material such as sulfides, nitrides, and hydrides may react explosively with Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions.

There are few chemical classes that do not at least produce heat when mixed with Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions.
Many produce explosions or generate gases (toxic and nontoxic).
Generally, dilute solutions of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution (<70%) are safe, but the presence of a catalyst (often a transition metal such as cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel, or vanadium) as an impurity may even then cause rapid decomposition, a buildup of heat, and even an explosion.

Solutions of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions often become explosive when evaporated to dryness or near-dryness.
A wide range of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution and azo compounds are used as initiators for the radical polymerization of monomers.
The reason for this is that Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions are able to form radicals very easily by decaying of the O-O bond, induced by heat or by UV-radiation.

This qualifies Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions for a controllable trigger of the reaction and thus as an initiator for the free-radical polymerization.
There are various types of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions available, which mainly differ in their thermal decomposition behavior.
For this reason you can find Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions for a broad temperature range.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions can be divided into diacylperoxides, hydroperoxides, dialkylperoxides, peroxyesters, peroxyketals and peroxy(di)carbonates.
The main areas of application for these initiators are the production of low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), styrenics (PS/EPS), acrylics (PMMA) and other polymers.
The polymerization of monomers takes place under varying controlled conditions, to which the properties of the initiator have to be adapted.

Certain types of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions are also used for the chain degradation of polypropylene.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is liquid substance which has C17H34O4 as chemical formula.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution it used used for the (co)polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, acrylates and methacrylates in the temperature range between 90°C to 120 °C and for the polymerization of diethylene glycoldi(allycarbonate) based optical monomers.

The use level of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution will depend on the particular cure parameters being used.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is also known as TMCH and 1,1-Bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.
A wide variety of Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions are now offered commercially to meet the sophisticated needs of polymer manufacturers.

Among them are Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutions, peroxydicarbonates, dialkyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, hydroperoxides, peroxyketals and MEK peroxides.
In research and development laboratories, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is a valuable tool for scientists and chemists working on the synthesis of new materials, the development of advanced polymer formulations, and the study of chemical reactions.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution aids in the exploration of innovative compounds and materials.

Manufacturers and researchers often perform quality assurance and consistency checks to ensure that Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution and its solutions meet specific purity and performance standards.
This helps maintain product quality and reliability.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be used to achieve faster polymerization and curing processes, reducing production times and increasing efficiency in various manufacturing applications.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be part of customized initiator systems that are fine-tuned to meet specific requirements for various industrial processes, allowing for precise control over reaction kinetics and product properties.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are used in the production of materials for energy-efficient products and technologies, including those used in energy storage, energy conversion, and sustainable solutions.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution and its solutions may find applications in chemical synthesis, introducing peroxide groups into organic compounds or oxidizing certain functional groups to produce specific intermediates or end products.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions are employed for various purposes, such as improving the performance and functionality of textiles, creating durable coatings, and enhancing resistance to environmental factors.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be used in the production of packaging and container materials with specific properties, including improved barrier properties, resistance to chemicals, and sealing capabilities.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions play a role in the production of materials used in the automotive and aerospace industries, where lightweight, strong, and durable materials are essential for various components and structures.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are important in the construction industry for applications such as coatings, adhesives, sealants, and materials used in infrastructure projects, where durability and resistance to environmental factors are crucial.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be used to create customized materials with specific properties to meet the needs of different industries, from consumer goods to high-tech applications.

Uses
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is a crosslinking agent that may be used in polymerization reactions.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be used for the market segments: polymer production and acrylics with their different applications/functions.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is widely used to initiate the polymerization of various monomers, leading to the formation of polymers.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution plays a crucial role in the production of plastics, rubber, elastomers, and thermosetting resins.
In addition to initiating polymerization, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used to cross-link elastomers, such as rubber.
Cross-linking enhances the mechanical properties, heat resistance, and chemical resistance of these materials, making them more durable.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used in the production of composite materials.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution helps initiate the polymerization of resins in these composites, allowing reinforcement fibers like fiberglass or carbon fiber to bond with the resin matrix.
This results in strong, lightweight materials used in aerospace, automotive, and construction.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution initiates the curing process, enabling these materials to bond effectively to various surfaces.
This is essential in construction, automotive assembly, and various manufacturing applications.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is employed in the production of coatings, such as paints and varnishes. It serves as an initiator to start the polymerization of resins in these coatings, providing durable and protective finishes on surfaces.

Foam Production: In the manufacturing of foam materials, TBPP is used as a blowing agent.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution facilitates the expansion and solidification of foam materials, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) or polyurethane foam.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be used to produce specialty polymers with specific properties, such as high-temperature resistance, electrical conductivity, or adhesion characteristics, tailored to specific applications.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is utilized in the textile industry to initiate polymerization reactions for fabric treatments, resulting in textiles with particular properties like water repellency or flame resistance.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be part of customized initiator systems, allowing manufacturers to adjust formulations to meet specific polymerization requirements, giving precise control over reaction kinetics and product properties.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution may be used in the production of food packaging materials to enhance their performance characteristics and extend the shelf life of food products.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution helps create food-safe materials with improved properties.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are important in the development of advanced materials for energy storage technologies, including applications in lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors.

In some cases, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution may find use in the development of medical devices, pharmaceutical products, and biocompatible materials.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution contributes to the polymerization or cross-linking of specific materials required for these applications.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are used in the production of tires and sealing materials used in the automotive industry, enhancing their mechanical properties, durability, and resistance to heat and chemicals.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be used in the formulation of coatings for marine environments.
These coatings protect ships, offshore structures, and marine equipment from corrosion and environmental damage.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is employed in the production of components for the automotive and aerospace industries, where lightweight yet strong and durable materials are essential.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used in the textile industry to create specialized coatings and treatments for textiles, giving them specific properties such as resistance to water, stains, or fire.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are important in the construction industry for applications such as coatings, adhesives, sealants, and materials used in infrastructure projects.
These materials need to be durable and resistant to environmental factors.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be used in the development of flame-retardant materials used in applications where fire resistance is critical, such as in construction, transportation, and electronics.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions play a role in the production of materials used in the automotive and aerospace industries, where lightweight, strong, and durable materials are essential for various components and structures.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be used to create customized materials with specific properties to meet the needs of different industries, from consumer goods to high-tech applications.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution and similar initiators are integral to the production of materials used in the electronics and semiconductor industries, contributing to the manufacturing of electronic components and devices, as well as the development of advanced materials for microelectronics.
In the healthcare sector, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can be used in the production of medical devices, drug delivery systems, and materials for tissue engineering.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution plays a role in creating biocompatible materials and medical implants.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is used in the automotive industry to initiate polymerization reactions for the production of composite materials used in vehicle components, resulting in lightweight and strong materials for better fuel efficiency and performance.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be applied to create packaging and container materials with specific properties, including improved barrier properties, resistance to chemicals, and sealing capabilities.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution play a crucial role in the development of advanced materials used in energy storage technologies, including lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells, contributing to improved energy efficiency and storage capacity.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be utilized in the oil and gas sector for the production of corrosion-resistant coatings, sealants, and materials used in pipelines, storage tanks, and equipment subjected to harsh environments.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution initiators are employed in the aerospace industry for manufacturing composite materials that are essential for aircraft components, providing high strength-to-weight ratios and fuel efficiency.
In the construction and building industry, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be used to create materials such as coatings, adhesives, and sealants that are durable and resistant to environmental factors, ensuring long-lasting structures.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution are used to enhance the performance and functionality of textiles.
They can be applied to create textiles with properties such as resistance to water, stains, and fire, making them suitable for various applications, including workwear and home textiles.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution may find use in the production of various consumer goods, from electronics to sporting equipment, where the materials' performance and durability are crucial for customer satisfaction.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution solutions can be employed in environmental applications, such as wastewater treatment, where they initiate oxidative reactions for the breakdown of contaminants and pollutants.

Safety Profile
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is highly flammable and can readily ignite, posing a fire hazard.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can decompose violently when exposed to heat or shock, potentially leading to explosions. Care must be taken to avoid exposure to open flames, sparks, or heat sources.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution is chemically reactive and can react with a variety of substances, including other chemicals, metals, and organic materials.
Mixing it with incompatible substances can lead to hazardous reactions and the release of toxic gases.
In the event of decomposition or combustion, Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution can release toxic fumes and gases, including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

These fumes can pose respiratory and health hazards.
Direct contact with Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution or its solutions can cause skin and eye irritation.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution's important to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and safety goggles, to minimize the risk of exposure.

Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution may cause adverse health effects, including skin sensitization and respiratory problems.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solution's essential to follow recommended safety procedures to reduce the risk of health issues.
Tert Butylperoxy Pivalate 75% Solutionshould be stored away from heat sources, open flames, incompatible substances, and direct sunlight.

Synonyms
6731-36-8
1,1-Bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
1,1-Bis(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
Perhexa 3M
Luperox 231
Trigonox 29
Lupersol 231
Trigonox 29b50
Trigonox 29b75
Trigonox 29c75
Luperco 231G
Luperco 231XL
Luperco 231XLP
Varox 231xl
Trigonox 29/40mb
Trigonox 29/40
CCRIS 6844
EINECS 229-782-3
BRN 5932965
Peroxide, 1,1'-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)bis(2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)
Peroxide, 1,1'-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)bis[2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)
Di-tert-butyl 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene diperoxide
Di-tert-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane peroxide
Peroxide, (3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)bis(tert-butyl)
EC 229-782-3
SCHEMBL21420
1,1-bis(tert-butyldioxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
DTXSID4020165
NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
1,1-bis[(1,1-dimethylethyl)peroxy]-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane
Peroxide, (3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexylidene)bis((1,1-dimethylethyl)
AKOS015913687
FT-0606071
A835707
Q3375552
1,1-bis(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane
1,1-bis (tert-butylperoxi)-3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexane
1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexane
1,1-bis(tert.-butyl peroxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane
Luperox(R) 231, 1,1-Bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 92%

Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate is sensitive to heat.
Storage of Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate must be done so with stringent temperature control measures.
Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate explodes with great violence when rapidly heated to a critical temperature; pure form is shock sensitive and detonable.

CAS: 13122-18-4
MF: C13H26O3
MW: 230.34
EINECS: 236-050-7

Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate is a clear liquid which has C13H26O3 as chemical formula.
Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate is used as initiator in the production of acrylic polymers, polyethylene and styrene.
Further Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate is applied as curing agent in the production of unsaturated polyester resins.
Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate is also known as TBPIN and tert-butyl 3,5,5-trimethylperoxyhexanoate.

Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate Chemical Properties
Melting point: -30 °C
Boiling point: 312.34°C (rough estimate)
Density: 0.897
Vapor pressure: 3Pa at 30.05℃
Refractive index: 1.4295-1.4315
Storage temp.: Refrigerator (+4°C)
Water Solubility: partly miscible
LogP: 4.4 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 13122-18-4
EPA Substance Registry System: Tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl hexanoate (13122-18-4)

Synonyms
tert-butyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexaneperoxoate
13122-18-4
tert-Butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate
tert-Butyl perisononanoate
Hexaneperoxoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethyl-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
tert-Butyl 3,5,5-trimethylperoxyhexanoate
84TC2IY818
tert-butyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoylperoxide
EINECS 236-050-7
TRIGONOX 42
PERBUTYL 355
LUPEROX 270
SCHEMBL210898
UNII-84TC2IY818
DTXSID00276147
DTXSID40864365
VSJBBIJIXZVVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EC 236-050-7
Q27269552
PEROXYHEXANOIC ACID, 3,5,5-TRIMETHYL-, TERT-BUTYL ESTER
153302-08-0

Tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate 75% is particularly sensitive to temperature rises.
Above a given "Control Temperature" they decompose violently.
Tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate 75% is generally stored or transported in a solvent slurry.

CAS: 109-13-7
MF: C8H16O3
MW: 160.21
EINECS: 203-650-5

Solvent is usually benzene.
Responders must regard hazards of the peroxide as well as the benzene solvent.

Tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate 75% Chemical Properties
Boiling point: 226.12°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.0227 (rough estimate)
Vapor pressure: 5.04hPa at 37℃
Refractive index: 1.4370 (estimate)
Water Solubility: 3.96g/L at 20℃
LogP: 2.68 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 109-13-7
EPA Substance Registry System: Tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate 75% (109-13-7)

Reactivity Profile
Tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate 75% explodes with great violence when rapidly heated to a critical temperature; pure form is shock sensitive and detonable.

Purification Methods
After diluting 90mL of the material with 120mL of pet ether, the mixture is cooled to 5o and shaken twice with 90mL portions of 5% NaOH solution (also at 5o).
The non-aqueous layer, after washing once with cold water, is dried at 0o with a mixture of anhydrous MgSO4 and MgCO3 containing ca 40% MgO.
After filtering, this material is passed, twice, through a column of silica gel at 0o (to remove tert-butyl hydroperoxide).
The solution is then evaporated at 0o/0.5-1mm to remove the solvent, and the residue is recrystallised several times from pet ether at -60o, then subjected to high vacuum to remove traces of solvent.
Handle with adequate protection due to possible EXPLOSIVE nature.

Synonyms
tert-Butyl peroxyisobutyrate
109-13-7
tert-butyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate
PROPANEPEROXOIC ACID, 2-METHYL-, 1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL ESTER
EINECS 203-650-5
EC 203-650-5
SCHEMBL21417
DTXSID1059363
PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
AKOS006275424

2-METHYL-2-BUTANOL 2-METHYLBUTAN-2-OL AMYL ALCOHOL, TERT- AMYLENE HYDRATE DIMETHYLETHYLCARBINOL ETHYLDIMETHYLCARBINOL T-AMYL ALCOHOL TERT-AMYL ALCOHOL TERT-PENTANOL TERT-PENTYL ALCOHOL 1,1-Dimethyl-1-propanol 2-butanol,2-methyl- 2-Methyl butanol-2 2-methyl-2-butano 2-methyl-2-butanol (tert-amyl alcohol) 2-methylbutanol-2 3-Methylbutan-3-ol 3-Methyl-butanol-(3) Amylenhydrate C2H5C(CH3)2OH cas no : 75-85-4

SYNONYMS tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium dodecylsulphate ;TriethanolamineLaurylSulfateSolution;TRIETHANOLAMINELAURYLSULPHATE;TEA-LAURYLSULPHATE;Triethanolaminlaurylsulfat;Dodecyl triethanolamine sulfate;2,2,2-NITRILOETHANOL LAURYLULFATE 40% AQUEOUS SOLN.;Laurylsulfuric acid triethanolamine CAS NO:205-388-7

cas no : 75-91-2 1,1-Dimethylethyl Hydroperoxide;TBHP; T hydro; 2-Hydroperoxy-2-Methylpropane; Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide; Butyl hydroperoxide; tertiary-Butyl hydroperoxide; Trigonox;

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide

CAS Number: 75-91-2
EC Number: 200-915-7
Molecular Formula: C₄H₁₀O₂
Molecular Weight: 90.12

APPLICATIONS

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP)'s production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
Based on a classification scheme, an estimated Koc value of 86(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method, indicates that Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC).

However, hydroperoxides react with a variety of compounds and are reduced readily to the corresponding alcohols.
They are decomposed readily bymultivalent metal ions, are photo- and thermally sensitive and undergo initial oxygen-oxygen bond homolysis, and are attacked readily by free radicals, undergoing induced and self-induced decomposition.

Chemical degradation is expected tobe the dominant fate process in soil(SRC).
The pKa of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is 12.80, indicating that this compound will exist in the unionized form in the environment.

Volatilization of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) from moist soil surfacesis expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapour pressure of 5.46 mm Hg at 25 °C.

Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (tBuOOH) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a hydroperoxide, in fact one of the most widely used in a variety of oxidation processes, for example the Halcon process.
Furthermore, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) provides a readily available and convenient source of active oxygen suitable for diverseoxidation technologies.
Producers of initiators use T-Hydro solution to synthesize many perester, dialkyl peroxide and perketal derivatives.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide itself serves as a free radical initiator for polymerization, copolymerizations, graftpolymerizations and curing of polymers.
Moreover, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) offers advantages of versatility, regioselectivity, stereoselectivity, chemoselectivity and reactivity control with catalyst choice, mild reaction conditions and bulk availability.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) finds use in preparing speciality chemicals required by fine chemical and performance chemical industries such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
Besides, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) can selectively oxidize hydrocarbons, olefins and alcohols.

Asymmetric epoxidation and kinetic resolution with Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) can provide access to complex chiral intermediates.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as Sharpless epoxidation.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is involved in the osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.
Furthermore, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide plays an important role in the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.
In addition, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidant in the Halcon process for the production of propylene oxide.

The standard commercial product (80%, stabilized with water and phosphoric acid) is suitable for curing polyester resins and for the emulsion polymerization of styrene -butadiene rubbers.
Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is less reactive, more soluble in organic solvents.

Overall, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions.
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxides solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.

(TBHP) is a clear, colorless, stable and aqueous solution usually available in concentration of approximately 70 wt% TBHP and 30 wt% water.
More to that, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide belongs to the alkyl hydroperoxide chemical family.

tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a highly reactive product, with three types of significant physical hazards: flammability, thermal, and decomposition due to contamination.

Applications of tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

Industrially, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to prepare propylene oxide.
In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction:
(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is catalyst in polymerization reactions.
Further to that, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to introduce peroxy group into organic molecules, in radical substitution reactions.

Use Areas of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

General adhesives and binding agents for a variety of uses
Relating to agricultural, including the raising and farming of animals and growing of crops
Products used to care for apparel (e.g., she polish, products to repair footwear or leather, waterproofing sprays, etc.)
The building or construction process for buildings or boats (includes activities such as plumbing and electrical work, bricklaying, etc)
Materials used in the building process, such as flooring, insulation, caulk, tile, wood, glass, etc.
Flooring materials (carpets, wood, vinyl flooring), or related to flooring such as wax or polish for floors
Wall construction materials, or wall coverings
Catalyst
Drug product, or related to the manufacturing of drugs, veterinary, animal, or pet.
pharmaceutical
Products related to computers or the manufacturing of computers
Products related to the activity of fishing
Includes antifoaming agents, coagulating agents, dispersion agents, emulsifiers, flotation agents, foaming agents, viscosity
adjusters, etc
Includes food packaging, paper plates, cutlery, small appliances such as roasters, etc.; does not include facilities thatmanufacture food
Forestry
The activity of hunting
Related to all forms of cleaning/washing, including cleaning products used in the home, laundry detergents, soaps, de-greasers, spot removers, etc; modifiers included when specific information is known, such as dry cleaning, laundry, soap,window/floor, etc
Materials used in the building process, such as flooring, insulation, caulk, tile, wood, glass, etc.
Wood used as a building material, wood preservatives
The manufacturing of chemicals, or laboratory chemicals.
Related to manufacturing for export.
Furniture, or the manufacturing of furniture
Manufacturing of or related to machinery, for production of cement or food, air/spacecraft machinery, electrical machinery,etc
Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc
Crude oil, crude petroleum, refined oil products, fuel oils, drilling oils
Various types of paint for various uses, modifiers included when more information is known
Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known)
Raw materials used in a variety of products and industries (e.g. in cosmetics, chemical manufacturing, production of metals,etc); modifiers included when known to indicate what the raw materials are used for.
Rubber products (e.g. tires) and their manufacture
Various types of paint for various uses.
Modifier included when source indicates the product is water-based
Related to the manufacturing of pulp or paper products, or paper products in general
Substances used for preventing, destroying or mitigating pests
Additive for products to promote hardening, used in paints and varnishes, plastics, etc.
Accelerators, activators, oxidation agents, reducing agents, etc
General antioxidants, application indicated if known
Oxidizing/reducing agents
Related to fracking, natural gas, industrial gases
Crude oil, crude petroleum, refined oil products, fuel oils, drilling oils
Surface treatments for metals, hardening agents, corrosion inhibitors, polishing agents, rust inhibitors, water repellants, etc(surfaces to be applied to often not indicated in source description)
Chairs and seats

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is an important commercial chemical.
Additionally, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used in many chemical manufacturing processes and is used in bleaching and deodorizing.
The general population is not likely to be exposed to Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide.

If Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is released to the environment, it will be broken down in air.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is expected to be broken down by sunlight.

Furthermore, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide will not move into air from moist soil and water surfaces.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is unstable and breaks down rapidly to oxygen.

Application Areas of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

Industrially, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as a radical polymerization initiator.
For example, its reaction with propene yields propylene oxide and the byproduct t-butanol which can dehydrate to isobutene and convert to MTBE.

Synthesis and production of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

Many synthetic routes are available, including:

The reaction of hydrogen peroxide with isobutylene or tert-butyl alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid
Auto-oxidation of isobutane with oxygen

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is primarily used in the chemical industry.
TMoreover, ert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as starting material (or intermediate) and as a reactive ingredient (catalyst, initiator or curing agent).

Applications of tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide are:

The epoxidation of propylene to propylene oxide (intermediate)
Free radical initiator for polymerisations, copolymerisations, graft polymerisations and curing of polymers (plastic industry)
Free radical initiator to polymerise unsaturated monomers, usually to high polymers

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is mainly used by manufacturers of synthetic lattices or water borne dispersions.
Besides, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is also used as a component of catalysts systems for unsaturated polyester resins.

Spesific uses of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

The synthesis of other organic peroxy molecules (as a precursor of initiators) such as perester, persulphate, dialkyl peroxide and perketal derivatives;
The preparation of speciality chemicals required by fine chemical and performance chemical industries, such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals (fungicide).
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide can be dehydrated to isobutene and convert to MTBE.
On a much smaller scale, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation.
The use as an ingredient of hardeners for plastics
Hardeners for plastics are also used in the plastic industry

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as a chemical intermediate, a curing agent for polyesters, and a catalyst for polymerization; also used for bleaching and deodorizing.
In addition, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a polymerization initiator used to produce specialty chemicals in closed systems.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide Solution is used for the emulsion polymerization of Styrene, Acrylates and Methacrylates and thecuring of polyester resins.
Suitable to be used as active peroxide in high-pressure polymerization or as an initiator in oxygen combination of Ethylene.

Common applications of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide are acrylate, vinyl acetate, styrene-butadiene production, curing of styrene -polyester resins, oxidizing agent for hydrocarbons.
Recommended storage temperature of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is between 0 °C and +30 °C.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP)39’s the production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams.
If released to air, a vapour pressure of 5.46 mm Hg at 25 C indicates Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide will exist solely as a vapour in the ambient atmosphere.

Vapour-phase Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) will directly photolyze with breakage of the peroxidebond.
If released to soil, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of86.

Volatilization from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry 39’s Lawconstant of 1.6X10-5 atm-cu m/mole.
The pKa of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is 12.8, indicating that this compound willexist in the un-ionized form in the environment.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) may volatilize from dry soil surfaces basedupon its vapour pressure.
Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks, indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil or water.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is expected to react rapidly with organic matter in soil and water and be decomposed rapidly by metal ions, which will attenuate all transport processes.
Hydroperoxides would be converted to the corresponding alcohols.

If released into water, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc.
However, hydroperoxides react with a variety of compounds and are reduced readily to the corresponding alcohols.

Anestimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.
Occupational exposure to Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is produced or used.

The general public is not likely to be exposed to Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide.
Industrially, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to prepare propylene oxide.

In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction:
(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3

The byproduct t-butanol, which can be dehydrated to isobutene and converted to MTBE.

On a much smaller scale, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.
More to that, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is primarily used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.

Other uses of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide are for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and metallic and sulfur compounds.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is catalyst in polymerization reactions.
Further to that, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to introduce peroxy group into organic molecules, in radical substitution reactions.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used for polymerization, oxidation, sulfonation catalyst, bleaching, deodorizing.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidant in the Halcon process for the production of propylene oxide.
The standard commercial product (80%, stabilized with water and phosphoric acid) is suitable for curing polyester resins and for the emulsion polymerization of styrene-butadiene rubbers.

Industry Uses of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

Fillers
Fuels and fuel additives
Intermediates
Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
Plasticizers
Plating agents and surface treating agents
Process regulators
Processing aids, not otherwise listed
Consumer Uses
Electrical and electronic products
Fuels and related products
Paints and coatings
Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere
Water treatment products

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.
Additionally, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is catalyst in polymerization reactions.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
Furthermore, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.

Furthermore, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.

DESCRIPTION

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Moreover, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.

Production Methods:

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygenor by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide.
Besides, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride. The manufacturing process of Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is in a closed system.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (tBuOOH) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH.
In addition, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, for example the Halcon process.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.
Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents.

Overall, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions.
Its solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
More to that, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide has a role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidising agent.

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a natural product found in Apium graveolens.
Further to that, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a watery odorless colorless liquid.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide floats on and dissolves slowly in water.
Additionally, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.

Chemical Properties of tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide:

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) is a water-white liquid commonly commercially available as a 70% solution in water; 80% solutions are also available.
Furthermore, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide vapor can burn in the absence of air and may be flammable at either elevated temperature or at reduced pressure.

Fine mist/spray may be combustible at temperatures below the normal flash point.
When evaporated, the residual liquid will concentrate tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide content and may reach an explosive concentration (＞90%).
Closed containers may generate internal pressure through the degradation of tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide to oxygen .

Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide is a highly reactive product.
The three types of significant physical hazards are flammability, thermal, and decomposition due to contamination.

To minimize these hazards, avoid exposure to heat, fire, or any condition that will concentrate the liquid material.
Store Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide away from heat, sparks, open flames, foreign contaminants, combustibles, and reducing agents.

PROPERTIES

Molecular Weight: 90.12
XLogP3-AA: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 90.068079557
Monoisotopic Mass: 90.068079557
Topological Polar Surface Area: 29.5 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 35.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

FIRST AID

Eyes:

First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Skin:

IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.
IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

Inhalation:

IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

Ingestion:

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting.
Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

Keep substance wet using water spray.
Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

Small Spill:

Pick up with inert, damp, non-combustible material using clean, non-sparking tools and place into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

Large Spill:

Wet down with water and dike for later disposal.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST.

Store in original container.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Recommended storage temperature 2 - 8 °C

SYNONYMS

2-hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
2-methylpropane-2-peroxol
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-Dimethylethyl
t-Butyl hydroperoxide
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (upper limit: 72% w/w; typical concentration: 70% w/w)
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide;75-91-2;TBHP;T-Butyl;hydroperoxide;tert-Butylhydroperoxide;Perbutyl H;t-
Butylhydroperoxide;2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane;Cadox TBH;1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide;Hydroperoxide, 1,1-
dimethylethyl;tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide;Terc. butylhydroperoxid;Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire;Hydroperoxide, tertbutyl;
Slimicide;DE-488;Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide;Trigonox a-75;Trigonox A-W70;TBHP-70;NSC 672;Tertiary-butyl
hydroperoxide;1,1-Dimethylethylhydroperoxide;tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide;Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide;T-Hydro;tBuOOH;t-
BuOOH;UNII-955VYL842B;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution;CHEBI:64090;955VYL842B;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (70%
Solution in Water);MFCD00002130;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, 70% solution in water;Caswell No. 130BB;Trigonox A-75
[Czech];terc.Butylhydroperoxid [Czech];CCRIS 5892;HSDB 837;terc.Butylhydroperoxid;terc. Butylhydroperoxid [Czech];tert
Butylhydroperoxide;EINECS 200-915-7;DE-488;BRN 1098280;Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire [French];AI3-
50541;Kayabutyl H;tert-BuOOH;Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl-;tBOOH;Perbutyl H 69;Perbutyl H 69T;Perbutyl H80;Luperox TBH 70X;t-butyl-hydroperoxide;terbutyl hydroperoxide;tert-butyhydroperoxide;tert-C4H9OOH;Trigonox A-W
70;t-butyl hydrogenperoxide;t-butyl-hydrogenperoxide;tert.-butylhydroperoxide;tert.butyl
hydroperoxide;tertiarybutylhydroperoxide;tertbutylhydrogen peroxide;t-butyl hydrogen peroxide;tert.-butyl
hydroperoxide;ACMC-1BM3U;DSSTox_CID_4693;tert-butylhydrogen peroxide;EC 200-915-
7;DSSTox_RID_78866;DSSTox_GSID_31209;tertiary butyl hydro peroxide;Hydroperoxide,1-dimethylethyl;Trigonox A-80
(Salt/Mix);UN 2093 (Salt/Mix);UN 2094 (Salt/Mix);USP -800 (Salt/Mix);CHEMBL348399;NSC672;DTXSID9024693;tert-Butyl
hydroperoxide (8CI);Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, >90% with water [Forbidden];WLN: QOX1&1&1;tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide
solution;NSC-672;2-Methyl-prop-2-yl-hydroperoxide;ZINC8585869;CC(C)([OH+][O-])C;Tox21_200838;ANW-43954;Aztec tbutyl
Hydroperoxide-70, Aq;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, CP;AKOS000121070;2-$l^{1}-oxidanyloxy-2-
methylpropane;NCGC00090725-01;NCGC00090725-02;NCGC00090725-03;NCGC00258392-01;Hydroperoxide, 1,1-
dimethylethyl (9CI);Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (70% in Water);Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, >90% with water;B3153;FT-
0657109;Q286326;J-509597;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, ~5.5 M in decane;F1905-8242;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
solution (TBHP), 70% in H2O;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, 5.0-6.0 M in decane;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, 5.0-6.0
M in nonane;Luperox(R) TBH70X, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, 70 wt. % in H2O;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, ~80%
in di-tert-butyl peroxide/water 3:2;Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, packed in FEP bottles, ~5.5 M in decane (over molecular
sieve 4??);Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, packed in FEP bottles, ~5.5 M in nonane (over molecular sieve 4 ??)
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
75-91-2
TBHP
T-Butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Perbutyl H
t-Butylhydroperoxide
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Cadox TBH
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Terc. butylhydroperoxid
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
Slimicide DE-488
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide
Trigonox a-75
Trigonox A-W70
TBHP-70
1,1-Dimethylethylhydroperoxide
NSC 672
t-BuOOH
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide
Dimethylethyl hydroperoide
T-Hydro
Perbutyl H 69T
Luperox TBH 70X
Trigonox A-W 70
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution
CHEBI:64090
NSC-672
955VYL842B
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (70% Solution in Water)
Caswell No. 130BB
Trigonox A-75 [Czech]
tBOOH
terc.Butylhydroperoxid [Czech]
CCRIS 5892
HSDB 837
terc.Butylhydroperoxid
terc. Butylhydroperoxid [Czech]
tert Butylhydroperoxide
EINECS 200-915-7
DE 488
DE-488
BRN 1098280
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire [French]
UNII-955VYL842B
AI3-50541
Kayabutyl H
tBuOOH
tert-BuOOH
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl-
Perbutyl H 69
Perbutyl H 80
t-butyl-hydroperoxide
terbutyl hydroperoxide
tert-butyhydroperoxide
tert-C4H9OOH
t-butyl hydrogenperoxide
t-butyl-hydrogenperoxide
tert.-butylhydroperoxide
tert.butyl hydroperoxide
tertiarybutylhydroperoxide
tertbutylhydrogen peroxide
t-butyl hydrogen peroxide
tert.-butyl hydroperoxide
KAYABUTYL H 70
DSSTox_CID_4693
tert-butylhydrogen peroxide
EC 200-915-7
DSSTox_RID_78866
DSSTox_GSID_31209
tertiary butyl hydro peroxide
Hydroperoxide,1-dimethylethyl
Trigonox A-80 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2093 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2094 (Salt/Mix)
USP -800 (Salt/Mix)
CHEMBL348399
NSC672
DTXSID9024693
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (8CI)
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, >90% with water [Forbidden]
WLN: QOX1&1&1
tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide solution
2-Methyl-prop-2-yl-hydroperoxide
ZINC8585869
Tox21_200838
Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq
MFCD00002130
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide [II]
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide [MI]
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, CP
AKOS000121070
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide [HSDB]
NCGC00090725-01
NCGC00090725-02
NCGC00090725-03
NCGC00258392-01
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution
Hydroperoxide,1,1-dimethylethyl (9CI)
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide (70% in Water)
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, >90% with water
B3153
FT-0657109
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, 70% solution in water
Q286326
J-509597
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, ~5.5 M in decane
F1905-8242
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution (TBHP), 70% in H2O
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, 5.0-6.0 M in decane
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, 5.0-6.0 M in nonane
Luperox(R) TBH70X, Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, 70 wt. % in H2O
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, ~80% in di-tert-butyl peroxide/water 3:2
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, packed in FEP bottles, ~5.5 M in decane (over molecular sieve 4??)
Tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide solution, packed in FEP bottles, ~5.5 M in nonane (over molecular sieve

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide has a role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidising agent.

CAS Number: 75-91-2
MDL number: MFCD00002130
Chemical formula: C4H10O2
Linear Formula: (CH3)3COOH

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide is a natural product found in Apium graveolens with data available.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is the natural products occurrence database.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is a watery odorless colorless liquid.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide floats on and dissolves slowly in water.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.
Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide's solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.
Industrially, Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used to prepare propylene oxide.
In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction:
(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3

The byproduct t-butanol can be dehydrated to isobutene and converted to MTBE.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and metallic and sulfur compounds.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide has a role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidising agent.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is water soluble.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is a clear, colorless to pale yellow
liquid.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, also known as dimethylethyl hydroperoxide or TBHP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic hydroperoxide.

These are organic compounds comprising the hydroperoxide functional group, with the general formula [O-O]2-.
Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives.

Technically Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is part of the human exposome.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is stored and handled in a dry, well-ventilated place.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used as a catalyst for polymerization reaction, used for dyeing and printing of cotton, viscose, silk, nylon and other fibers and their fabrics, and also used for polyester/viscose blended fabric dyeing.

Overall, Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, for example the Halcon process.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

On a much smaller scale, Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used in the following products: polymers.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.

Release to the environment of Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide can be used for the market segments: polymer production, thermoset composites, acrylics and pharma with their different applications/functions.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is primarily used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.

Other uses of Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide are for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is involved in osmium-catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.

Furthermore, Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst, and in bleaching and deodorizing.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used in the preparation of copper octylbenzimidazole substituted diamide nitrato complex.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes, for example Sharpless epoxidation.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used for the emulsion polymerization of Styrene, Acrylates and Metacrylates and the curing of polyester resins.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is suitable to be used as active peroxide in high pressure polymerization or as initiator in oxygen combination of Ethylene.
Common applications of Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide are acrylate, vinylacetate, styrene - butadiene production, curing of styrene - polyester resins, oxidizing agent for hydrocarbons.

Recommended storage temperature is between 0 °C and +30 °C.
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide may be used in:osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliaryoxidation of dibenzothiophenes.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a water-white liquid commonly commercially available as a 70% solution in water; 80% solutions are also available.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide vapor can burn in the absence of air and maybe flammable at either elevated temperature or at reduced pressure.
Fine mist/spray may be combustible at temperatures below the normal flash point.
When evaporated, the residual liquid will concentrate Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide content and may reach an explosive concentration (＞90%).
Closed containers may generate internal pressure through the degradation of Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide to oxygen.

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is a highly reactive product.
The three types of significant physical hazards are flammability, thermal, and decomposition due to contamination.
To minimize these hazards, avoid exposure to heat, fire, or any condition that will concentrate the liquid material.
Store away from heat, sparks, open flames, foreign contaminants, combustibles, and reducing agents.
Inspect containers frequently to identify bulges or leaks (7a, 125).

SYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTION OF TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
Many synthetic routes are available, e.g. by the auto-oxidation of isobutane.

PRODUCTION METHODS OF TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygen or by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide.
Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride.
The manufacturing process of Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is in a closed system.

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
Most alkyl monohydroperoxides are liquid.
The explosivity of the lower members (e.g., methyl hydroperoxide, or possibly, traces of the dialkyl peroxides) decreasing with increasing chain length and branching.
Though relatively stable, explosions have been caused by distillation to dryness or attempted distillation at atmospheric pressure.

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
*Peroxols
*Alkyl hydroperoxides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives

SUBSTITUENTS OF TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
*Hydroperoxide
*Alkyl hydroperoxide
*Peroxol
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Aliphatic acyclic compound

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
Molecular Weight: 90.12
Chemical formula: C4H10O2
Molar mass: 90.122 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 0.935 g/mL
Melting point: −3 °C (27 °F; 270 K)
Boiling point: 37 °C (99 °F; 310 K) at 2.0 kPa
Solubility in water: miscible
log P: 1.23
Acidity (pKa): 12.69
Basicity (pKb): 1.31
Refractive index (nD): 1.3870
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −294±5 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): 2.710±0.005 MJ/mol

Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 43 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,808 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available

Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Molecular Weight: 90.12
XLogP3-AA: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 90.068079557
Monoisotopic Mass: 90.068079557
Topological Polar Surface Area: 29.5 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 35.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.90100 @ 25.00 °C.
Melting Point: -8.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 120.00 to 121.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 5.470000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 2.07 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 95.00 °F. TCC ( 35.00 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.230 (est)
Soluble in: water, 1.965e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Melting Point: -2.8°C
Color: Colorless
Density: 0.9400g/mL
Boiling Point: 37.0°C (15.0 mmHg)
Flash Point: 43°C
Linear Formula: (CH3)3COOH
Beilstein: 01,IV,1616

Formula: C4H10O2 / (CH3)3COOH
Molecular mass: 90.1
Decomposes at 89°C
Melting point: -3°C
Relative density (water = 1): 0.93
Solubility in water: miscible
Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: 3.07 (calculated)
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 3.1
Flash point: 43°C
Auto-ignition temperature: 238°C
Explosive limits, vol% in air: 5-10
Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: -1.3 (calculated)
Boiling point: 37 °C (20 hPa)
Density: 0.94 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 38 °C
Melting Point: -3 °C
Vapor pressure: 232 hPa (60 °C)
Refractive Index: 1.3870 (20 °C)
Solubility: 130 - 150 g/l

Melting Point: -2.8ºC
Boiling Point: 37ºC (15 mmHg)
Flash Point: 43ºC
Molecular Formula: C4H10O2
Molecular Weight: 90.12100
Density: 0.94
Melting point: -2.8 °C
Boiling point: 37 °C (15 mmHg)
Density: 0.937 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: 62 mmHg at 45 °C
refractive index: n20/D 1.403
Flash point: 85 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
pka: pK1: 12.80 (25°C)
form: Liquid
color: Clear colorless
Water Solubility: Miscible

FIRST AID MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
If breathing stops:
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let the product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of it properly.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,2 mm
Break through time: 60 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: 2 - 8 °C

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

SYNONYMS:
2-Methylpropane-2-peroxol
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl
Cadox TBH
Perbutyl H
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
tert-C4H9OOH; tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
Slimicide DE-488
Terc. butylhydroperoxid
Trigonox A-75
TBHP-70
Trigonox A-W70
t-Butylhydroperoxide
Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
T-Hydro; TBHP
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
NSC 672
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
TBHP
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE
75-91-2
TBHP
T-Butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Perbutyl H
t-Butylhydroperoxide
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Cadox TBH
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Terc. butylhydroperoxid
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
Slimicide DE-488
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide
Trigonox a-75
Trigonox A-W70
TBHP-70
1,1-Dimethylethylhydroperoxide
NSC 672
t-BuOOH
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
T-Hydro
Perbutyl H 69T
Luperox TBH 70X
Trigonox A-W 70
CHEBI:64090
NSC-672
955VYL842B
Caswell No. 130BB
CCRIS 5892
HSDB 837
terc.Butylhydroperoxid
tert Butylhydroperoxide
EINECS 200-915-7
DE 488
DE-488
BRN 1098280
UNII-955VYL842B
AI3-50541
Kayabutyl H
tBuOOH
tert-BuOOH
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl-
Perbutyl H 69
Perbutyl H 80
t-butyl-hydroperoxide
terbutyl hydroperoxide
tert-butyhydroperoxide
tert-C4H9OOH
t-butyl hydrogenperoxide
t-butyl-hydrogenperoxide
tert.-butylhydroperoxide
tert.butyl hydroperoxide
tertiarybutylhydroperoxide
tertbutylhydrogen peroxide
t-butyl hydrogen peroxide
tert.-butyl hydroperoxide
KAYABUTYL H 70
DSSTox_CID_4693
tert-butylhydrogen peroxide
EC 200-915-7
DSSTox_RID_78866
DSSTox_GSID_31209
tertiary butyl hydro peroxide
Hydroperoxide,1-dimethylethyl
Trigonox A-80 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2093 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2094 (Salt/Mix)
USP -800 (Salt/Mix)
CHEMBL348399
NSC672
DTXSID9024693
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (8CI)
WLN: QOX1&1&1
2-Methyl-prop-2-yl-hydroperoxide
ZINC8585869
Tox21_200838
Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq
MFCD00002130
AKOS000121070
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [HSDB]
NCGC00090725-01
NCGC00090725-02
NCGC00090725-03
NCGC00258392-01
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide aqueous solution
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl (9CI)
tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (70% in Water)
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, >90% with water
B3153
FT-0657109
Q286326
J-509597
F1905-8242
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl
2-hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
TBHP
t-butyl hydroperoxide
t-Butylhydroperoxide
tert-butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
TBHP
T-Hydro
T-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE
Trigonox
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
butylhydroperoxide
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide Solution
tertiary-
Butylhydroperoxid
1,1-Dimethylethyl Hydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Cadox TBH
Kayabutyl H
Kayabutyl H 70
Luperox H 70
Luperox TBH 70X
NSC 672
Perbutyl H
Perbutyl H 69
Perbutyl H 69T
Perbutyl H 80
TBHP
Trigonox A-W 70
t-Butyl Hydroperoxide
tert-Butyl Hydrogen Peroxide
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
2-(dioxidanyl)-2-methyl-propane
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methyl-propane
Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq
Cadox TBH
DE-488
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
Kayabutyl H
Luperox tbh 70x
Perbutyl H
Perbutyl H 69
Perbutyl H 69t
Perbutyl H 80
Slimicide DE-488
T-Hydro
TBHP
TBHP-70
Terc. butylhydroperoxid
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide
tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide solution
tert-C4H9OOH
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
Trigonox A-75
Trigonox a-80
Trigonox a-w 70
USP -800
AI3-50541
BRN 1098280
CASWELL NO. 130BB
CCRIS 5892
EINECS 200-915-7
HSDB 837
NSC 672
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
t-Butyl hydroperoxide
t-Butylhydroperoxide
TBHP
Tert-butylhydroperoxide
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
Tert butylhydroperoxide
Hydroperoxide, t-butyl
Tert butyl hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
t Butylhydroperoxide
Tertiary butylhydroperoxide
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide
Tertiary-butylhydroperoxide
t Butyl hydroperoxide

Tert-Butyl hydroperoxid is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.

CAS: 75-91-2
MF: C4H10O2
MW: 90.12
EINECS: 200-915-7

Tert-butyl hydroperoxid has a role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidising agent.
Watery odorless colorless liquid.
Floats and mixes slowly with water.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, for example the Halcon process.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.
Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, tert-butyl hydroperoxid is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents.
Overall, Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid's solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.

Tert-butyl hydroperoxid Chemical Properties
Melting point: -2.8 °C
Boiling point: 37 °C (15 mmHg)
Density: 0.937 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 62 mmHg at 45 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.403
Fp: 85 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
pka: pK1: 12.80 (25°C)
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless
Water Solubility: Miscible
Merck: 14,1570
BRN: 1098280
Exposure limits: No exposure limit is set. On the basis of its irritant properties a ceiling limit of 1.2 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) is recommended.
Stability: Stable, but may explode if heated under confinement.
Decomposition may be accelerated by traces of metals, molecular sieve or other contaminants.
Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible material, acids.
InChIKey: CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.230 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 75-91-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Tert-butyl hydroperoxide(75-91-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (75-91-2)

Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is a water-white liquid commonly commercially available as a 70% solution in water; 80% solutions are also available.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid vapor can burn in the absence of air and may be flammable at either elevated temperature or at reduced pressure.
Fine mist/spray may be combustible at temperatures below the normal flash point.
When evaporated, the residual liquid will concentrate TBHP content and may reach an explosive concentration (＞90%).

Closed containers may generate internal pressure through the degradation of Tert-butyl hydroperoxid to oxygen.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is a highly reactive product.
The three types of significant physical hazards are flammability, thermal, and decomposition due to contamination.
To minimize these hazards, avoid exposure to heat, fire, or any condition that will concentrate the liquid material.
Store away from heat, sparks, open flames, foreign contaminants, combustibles, and reducing agents.
Inspect containers frequently to identify bulges or leaks.

Uses
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is primarily used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.
Other uses are for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and metallic and sulfur compounds.

Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.
Furthermore, Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.
Industrially, Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is used to prepare propylene oxide.
In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction:

(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3
The byproduct t-butanol, which can be dehydrated to isobutene and converted to MTBE.
On a much smaller scale, tert-butyl hydroperoxide is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation.

Production Methods
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygen or by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride.
The manufacturing process of Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is in a closed system.

Reactivity Profile
Most alkyl monohydroperoxides are liquid.
The explosivity of the lower members (e.g., methyl hydroperoxide, or possibly, traces of the dialkyl peroxides) decreasing with increasing chain length and branching.
Though relatively stable, explosions have been caused by distillation to dryness or attempted distillation at atmospheric pressure.

Health Hazard
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is a strong irritant.
Floyd and Stockinger (1958) observed thatdirect cutaneous application in rats did notcause immediate discomfort, but the delayedaction was severe.
The symptoms were erythemaand edema within 2–3 days.
Exposureto 500 mg in 24 hours produced asevere effect on rabbit skin, while a rinse of150 mg/min was severe to eyes.
Tert-butyl hydroperoxid is moderately toxic; the effects aresomewhat similar to those of MEK peroxide.
Symptoms from oral administration in ratswere weakness, shivering, and prostration.

Synonyms
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE
75-91-2
TBHP
T-Butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Perbutyl H
t-Butylhydroperoxide
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Cadox TBH
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl
Terc. butylhydroperoxid
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
Slimicide DE-488
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide
Trigonox a-75
Trigonox A-W70
TBHP-70
1,1-Dimethylethylhydroperoxide
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
NSC 672
Caswell No. 130BB
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Perbutyl H 69T
t-BuOOH
Luperox TBH 70X
terc.Butylhydroperoxid
Trigonox A-W 70
tert Butylhydroperoxide
CCRIS 5892
HSDB 837
tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide
Kayabutyl H
T-Hydro
EINECS 200-915-7
DE 488
DE-488
UNII-955VYL842B
BRN 1098280
CHEBI:64090
AI3-50541
NSC-672
955VYL842B
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl-
KAYABUTYL H 70
DTXSID9024693
EC 200-915-7
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (II)
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [II]
Trigonox A-75 [Czech]
tBOOH
t Butylhydroperoxide
terc.Butylhydroperoxid [Czech]
t Butyl Hydroperoxide
t-BHP
terc. Butylhydroperoxid [Czech]
Hydroperoxide, t-Butyl
tert Butyl Hydroperoxide
tertiary Butylhydroperoxide
Trigonox
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire [French]
tBuOOH
tert-BuOOH
Ethyldiethylperoxide
Perbutyl H 69
Perbutyl H 80
t-butyl-hydroperoxide
terbutyl hydroperoxide
tert-butyhydroperoxide
Terc butylhydroperoxid
tert-C4H9OOH
t-butyl hydrogenperoxide
t-butyl-hydrogenperoxide
tert.-butylhydroperoxide
tert.butyl hydroperoxide
tertiarybutylhydroperoxide
tertbutylhydrogen peroxide
t-butyl hydrogen peroxide
tert.-butyl hydroperoxide
DSSTox_CID_4693
tert-butylhydrogen peroxide
2-methylpropane-2-peroxol
DSSTox_RID_78866
DSSTox_GSID_31209
tertiary butyl hydro peroxide
Hydroperoxide,1-dimethylethyl
Trigonox A-80 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2093 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2094 (Salt/Mix)
USP -800 (Salt/Mix)
CHEMBL348399
DTXCID504693
NSC672
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (8CI)
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, >90% with water [Forbidden]
WLN: QOX1&1&1
2-Methyl-prop-2-yl-hydroperoxide
Tox21_200838
Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq
MFCD00002130
BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TERTIARY)
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [MI]
AKOS000121070
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [HSDB]
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, 70% in water
NCGC00090725-01
NCGC00090725-02
NCGC00090725-03
NCGC00258392-01
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide aqueous solution
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl (9CI)
tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (70% in Water)
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, >90% with water
B3153
FT-0657109
Q286326
J-509597
F1905-8242

Tert-Butyl Hydroxycarbamate; tert-Butyl N-hydroxycarbamate; N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine; N-Boc-hydroxylamine; tert-Butyl hydroxycarbamate cas no: 36016-38-3

TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN = TERT-BUTYLTHIOL = 2-METHYLPROPANE-2-THIOL

CAS Number: 75-66-1
EC Number: 200-890-2
MDL Number: MFCD00004857
Chemical formula: C4H10S / (CH3)3CSH

Tert-Butyl Mercaptan, also known as 2-methylpropane-2-thiol, 2-methyl-2-propanethiol, and t-BuSH, is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)3CSH.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is the main ingredient in many gas odorant blends.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is always utilized as a blend of other compounds, typically dimethyl sulfide, methyl ethyl sulfide, tetrahydrothiophene or other mercaptans such as isopropyl mercaptan, sec-butyl mercaptan and/or n-butyl mercaptan, due to its rather high melting point of −0.5 °C (31.1 °F).

These blends are used only with natural gas and not propane, as the boiling points of these blends and propane are quite different.
Because propane is delivered as a liquid and vaporizes to gas when it is delivered to the appliance, the vapor liquid equilibrium would substantially reduce the amount of odorant blend in the vapor.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is a Liquid with a strong skunky odor, a Clear colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor.

Tert-Butyl Mercaptan (2-methyl-2-propanethiol, CAS # 75-66-1) is a highly odorous material, with an odor threshold of < 1ppb.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is also a raw material used in gas odorant blends.
tert-Butylthiol has been listed on the European Food Safety Authority (FL-no: 12.174) as a flavor additive.
There is no indication of what flavor(s) it may have been used in.

Tert-Butyl Mercaptan (TBM) is a key raw material for agrochemical synthesis.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan pure and industrial products are colorless transparent liquid, m. P. 1.11 ℃, B. P. 64.22 ℃, the relative density of 0.798~0.801, there are different odor, volatile.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan undergoes ring opening nucleophilic reaction with 3-isothiazolones and reaction kinetics studies suggested reaction was second order in thiol and third order overall.

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USES and APPLICATIONS of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
The tertio-butyl mercaptan (TBM) is a key raw material for agrochemical synthesis.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is also a raw material used in gas odorant blends.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is used as an odorant for natural gas, which is otherwise odorless.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan may also have been used as a flavoring agent.

These blends are used only with natural gas and not propane, as the boiling points of these blends and propane are quite different.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan is used as an odorant for natural gas, a chemical intermediate, and a bacterial nutrient.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan uses and applications include: Odorant to permit detection of gas leaks; intermediate; bacterial nutrient.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan was used in reaction of 2-methyl-2-propanethiol.

Tert-Butyl Mercaptan was also used in the synthesis of chain-transfer agents for reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer copolymerization of vinylidene chloride and methyl acrylate.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan was used in reaction of 2-methyl-2-propanethiol on Mo(110) using temperature programmed reaction, high resolution electron enegy loss and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic.

Tert-Butyl Mercaptan was used in the synthesis of chain-transfer agents for reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer copolymerization of vinylidene chloride and methyl acrylate.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan, also known as the third butanethiol, is an important fine chemical raw material and intermediate, which is widely used in the field of organic synthesis, for example, it can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of organophosphorus insecticide terbuthyl.
In addition, Tert-Butyl Mercaptan can also be used in the polymer field as a molecular weight regulator in the polymerization reaction.
Terbutaline is an intermediate of The organophosphorus insecticide terbuthyl.

-Application of Tert-Butyl Mercaptan:
Industrial hygiene
Raw material for pesticides, gas odorant

PREPARATION OF TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
At least one publication has listed Tert-Butyl Mercaptan as a very minor component of cooked potatoes, but because the tert-butyl moiety is very rare in natural products, other sources doubt the existence of natural sources of the compound.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan was first prepared in 1890 by Leonard Dobbin by the reaction of zinc sulfide and t-butyl chloride.
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan was later prepared in 1932 by the reaction of the Grignard reagent, t-BuMgCl, with sulfur to give the corresponding thiolate, followed by hydrolysis.

This preparation is shown below:
t-BuMgCl + S → t-BuSMgCl
t-BuSMgCl + H2O → t-BuSH + Mg(OH)Cl
It is currently prepared industrially by the reaction of isobutylene with hydrogen sulfide over a clay (silica alumina) catalyst.

REACTIONS OF TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
Tert-Butyl Mercaptan can react with metal alkoxides and acyl chlorides to form thiol esters, as shown in the equation:
Reaction of Tert-Butyl Mercaptan with an acyl chloride.
Reaction of Tert-Butyl Mercaptan with an acyl chloride.
In the reaction above, thallium(I) ethoxide converts to thallium(I) t-butylthiolate.
In the presence of diethyl ether, thallium(I) t-butylthiolate reacts with acyl chlorides to give the corresponding tert-butyl thioesters.
Like other thioesters, it reverts to tert-butylthiol by hydrolysis.

Lithium 2-methylpropane-2-thiolate can be prepared by treatment of tert-butylthiol with lithium hydride in an aprotic solvent such as hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA).
The resulting thiolate salt is a useful demethylating reagent.
For example, treatment with 7-methylguanosine gives guanosine.
Other N-methylated nucleosides in tRNA are not demethylated by this reagent.

Lithium 2-methylpropane-2-thiolate reaction with 7-methylguanosine.
Metal complexes
The anion derived from tert-butylthiol forms complexes with various metals. One example is tetrakis(tert-butylthiolato)molybdenum(IV), Mo(t-BuS)4.
This complex was prepared by treating MoCl4 with t-BuSLi:

MoCl4 + 4 t-BuSLi → Mo(t-BuS)4 + 4 LiCl
Mo(t-BuS)4 is a dark red diamagnetic complex that is sensitive to air and moisture.
The molybdenum center has a distorted tetrahedral coordination to four sulfur atoms, with overall D2 symmetry.

PRODUCTION METHOD OF TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
the preparation method is to obtain Tert-Butyl Mercaptan by catalytic reaction of isobutylene and hydrogen sulfide.
(CH3)2C = CH2 H2S [catalyst] →(CH3)3CSH the synthesis tower with Catalyst is preheated to 70 ℃, and isobutene gas and dry hydrogen sulfide gas are passed into the mixer according to a certain ratio, the mixed gas enters the preheater for preheating.
Control a certain temperature and then enter the synthesis Tower, maintain a stable flow rate so that the reaction gas from the top of the tower into the condenser, the unreacted mixed gas is sent back to the mixer through the separator, and the separated liquid is tert-butyl mercaptan.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
Chemical formula: C4H10S
Molar mass: 90.18 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless, clear liquid
Density: 0.8 g/mL
Melting point: −0.50 °C (31.10 °F; 272.65 K)
Boiling point: 62 to 65 °C (144 to 149 °F; 335 to 338 K)
Molecular Weight: 90.19
XLogP3-AA: 1.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 90.05032149

Monoisotopic Mass: 90.05032149
Topological Polar Surface Area: 1 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 25.1
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Color: Colorless
Melting Point: -1°C
Boiling Point: 64°C
UN Number: 2347
Quantity: 25mL
Formula Weight: 90.18
Physical Form: Clear Liquid at 20°C
Appearance: colorless clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.79700 to 0.80300 @ 25.00 °C.

Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 6.632 to 6.682
Refractive Index: 1.41700 to 1.42300 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -0.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 64.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 181.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C.
Vapor Density: 3.1 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: -12.00 °F. TCC ( -24.44 °C. )
logP (o/w): 2.206 (est)
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 1855 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Appearance Form: liquid
Odor: malodorous
Odor Threshold: No data available

pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -0,5 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 62 - 65 °C - lit.
Flash point: < -25 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapor pressure: 190 hPa at 20 °C
Vapor density: No data available
Density: 0,8 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: 0,8 at 20 °C
Water solubility: 1,47 g/l at 20 °C

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 2,14
Autoignition temperature: 255 °C at 1.013 hPa
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 0,96 mPa.s at 40 °C
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 21 mN/m at 20 °C

Formula: C4H10S
Gas Response Factor, 11.7 eV: 0.59
Gas Response Factor, 10.6 eV: 0.62
Gas Response Factor, 10.0 eV: 0.62
ppm per mg/m⁻³, (20 °C, 1 bar): 0.266
Molecular Weight, g/mole: 90.3
Melting point, °C: 1
Boiling point, °C: 64
Flash point, °C: -26
Upper Explosive Limit, %: 8.7
Lower Explosive Limit, %: 1.3
Density, g.cm⁻³: 0.83
Ionisation Energy, eV: 9.03

Molecular Formula: C4H10S
Molar Mass: 90.19
Density: 0.8g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
Melting Point: -1.1 °C
Boling Point: 62-65°C(lit.)
Flash Point: −12°F
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
Solubility: 1.47g/l slightly soluble
Vapor Presure: 303.5 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)
Vapor Density: 3.1 (vs air)
Appearance: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless
Merck: 14,1579
BRN: 505947
pKa: pK1:11.22 (25°C,μ=0.1)
Stability: Stable.
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.423(lit.)

FIRST AID MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
-Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 30 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

SYNONYMS:
2-Methylpropane-2-thiol
t-BuSH
2-Methylpropane-2-thiol
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
tert-Butyl mercaptan
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
tert-Butyl mercaptan
75-66-1
2-Methylpropane-2-thiol
tert-Butanethiol
2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
T-BUTYL MERCAPTAN
tert-Butylmercaptan
1,1-Dimethylethanethiol
t-Butylmercaptan
2-Isobutanethiol
tertiary-Butyl mercaptan
tert-butyl thiol
2-methyl-propane-2-thiol
489PW92WIV
3374-16-1
TBM
t-BuSH
HSDB 1611
EINECS 200-890-2
BRN 0505947
tertbutanethiol
UNII-489PW92WIV
t-butanethiol
terbutyl mercaptan
tBuSH
tert.-butylmercaptan
tert-C4H9SH
tert. butyl mercaptan
tert.-butyl mercaptan
HS-t-Bu
tert-Butyl hydrosulfide
2-methyl-2propanethiol
2-methylpropan-2-thiol
2-Methyl-2-propylthiol
DSSTox_CID_6418
BUTANETHIOL, TERT-
EC 200-890-2
DSSTox_RID_78108
DSSTox_GSID_26418
4-01-00-01634
CHEMBL3182458
DTXSID0026418
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol, 99%
TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN
AMY28695
ZINC4706566
Tox21_200874
MFCD00004857
NSC229569
STL264247
AKOS000121277
AT13962
NSC-229569
CAS-75-66-1
NCGC00248858-01
NCGC00258428-01
DB-000158
FT-0612928
M0405
Q973473
W-109267
F0001-1902
16528-55-5
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
1,1-Dimethylethanethiol
2-Isobutanethiol
2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
t-Butylmercaptan
tert-Butanethiol
t-Butyl mercaptan
tert-Butylmercaptan
tert-Butylthiol
tertiary-Butyl mercaptan
UN2347
2-methyl-2-propanethiol
tert-butyl mercaptan
tert-butylthiol
tert-butanethiol
2-propanethiol
2-methyl, tert-butylmercaptan
t-butyl mercaptan
t-butylmercaptan
2-isobutanethiol
tertiary-butyl mercaptan
2-methylpropane-2-thiol
tert-butanethiol
2-methyl-2-propane thiol
tert-butylthiol
1,1-dimethylethanethiol
2-isobutanethiol
t-butyl mercaptan
tert-butyl hydrosulfide
2-methyl-2-propyl thiol
2-methylpropane-2-thiol
TBM
t-BuSH
2-Methyl-2-Propanethiol
2-Methyl-2-Propylthiol
2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
tert-Butanethiol
tert-Butylthiol
1,1-Dimethylethanethiol
2-Isobutanethiol
tert-C4H9SH
t-Butyl mercaptan
tert-Butyl hydrosulfide
tertiary-Butyl mercaptan
2-methylpropane-2-thiol;1,1-Dimethylethanethiol; 2-Isobutanethiol
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
4-01-00-01634
BRN 0505947
EC 200-890-2
EINECS 200-890-2
HSDB 1611
t-Butylmercaptan
tert-Butanethiol
tert-Butyl mercaptan
tert-Butylmercaptan
tert-Butylthiol
tertiary-Butyl mercaptan
UNII-489PW92WIV
2-Methylpropane-2-thiol
2-Propanethiol
2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
t-Butyl mercaptan
t-Butanethiol
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
2-Methylpropane-2-thiol
tert-Butanethiol
1,1-Dimethylethanethiol
2-Isobutanethiol
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
TBM
tert-Butyl mercaptan
tert-Butylthiol
TBM(TM)
TERT-BUTANETHIOL
2-Isobutanethiol
T-BUTYL MERCAPTAN
TERT-BUTYL MERCAPTAN
tert-Butyl mercaptan
1,1-Dimethylethanethiol
2-METHYL-2-PROPANETHIOL
2-methylpropane-2-thiol
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl-
2-Methyl-2-propanethiol
tert-Butyl mercaptan
tert-Butyl Mercaptan
tert-Butylthiol

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate a chemical compound from the group of peresters (compounds containing the general structure R1-C(O)OO-R2) which contains a phenyl group as R1 and a tert-butyl group as R2.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a mild aromatic odor.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is a monofunctional peroxide which is used for the crosslinking of natural and synthetic rubbers, as well as thermoplastic polyolefins.

CAS Number: 614-45-9
EC Number: 210-382-2
MDL Number: MFCD00008802
Molecular Formula : C11H14O3
Linear Formula: C6H5COOOC(CH3)3
Product Type: Crosslinking Catalysts / Accelerators / Initiators > Organic Peroxides

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is a monofunctional peroxide, the chemical name is tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and it is an aromatic peroxide used for high temperature curing of Unsaturated Polyester resins.
Safe processing temperature: 100°C (rheometer ts2 > 20 min.). Typical crosslinking temperature: 140°C (rheometer t90 about 12 min.).
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a mild, aromatic odor.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate also is stored and transported as a mixture with inert solids and as a solvent slurry, to mitigate the explosion hazard.
Air & Water Reactions of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate: insoluble in water.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is soluble in ether, alcohol, ester, and ketones.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is insoluble in water.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is colourless or slightly yellow liquid.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate, [<= 50% with inert inorganic solid] is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a mild, aromatic odor. Also stored and transported as a mixture with inert solids and as a solvent slurry, to mitigate the explosion hazard.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a mild, aromatic odor.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate also is stored and transported as a mixture with inert solids and as a solvent slurry, to mitigate the explosion hazard.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CO2CMe3 (Me = CH3).
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is the most widely produced perester.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is often used for reduction of residual styrene content during the final polymerization stage.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as initiator in co-polymerization of Ethylene, Styrene, Acrylonitrile, Vinyl Acetate,Acrylate and Metacrylates.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used during styrene co-polymerization at temperatures between 100-140°C.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as an initiator for high-pressure polyethylene, silicone rubber curing agent, unsaturated polyester curing agent.
Cosmetic Uses: uv absorbers
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as a catalyst in the preparation of paper strengthening agents for papermaking.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as polymerization initiator (polyethylene, polystyrene, polyacrylates, and polyesters) and curing agent (unsaturated polyesters and silicon rubber).

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is also used as a chemical intermediate; [HSDB]
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate, 98%+ Cas 614-45-9 - used preparation of conformal poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) thin films via initiated chemical vapor deposition.
Application area can be: air drying lacquers, diplacquers, filament winding, etc.
Common Applications of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate: Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used for the crosslinking of natural and synthetic rubbers, as well as thermoplastic polyolefins.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used for the cross-linking of natural and synthetic rubbers, as well as thermoplastic polyolefins.
Being thermally unstable substances, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate may undergo self accelerating decomposition.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used in wire and cable applications.

In the temperature range of 100-170°C, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can be used as an initiator for the solution polymerization or copolymerization of acrylate and methacrylate, especially for the production of coatings.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can also be used as initiator for bulk and suspension polymerization or copolymerization of acrylate and methacrylate.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is preferentially used for thermocompression molding of unsaturated polyester resins (SMC, BMC, etc.) within the temperature range of 120-170°C.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can also be used in combination with highly active peroxides such as Perkadox 16 or Trigonox HM as co-accelerators for pultrusion processes in the range of 100-150 °C
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as an initiator of radical polymerization
in the production of polymeric materials.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as a hardener for polyester resins.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Other release to the environment of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is likely to occur from: indoor use.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used in the following products: polymers.

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and rubber products.
Release to the environment of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used for elevatedtemperaturecuring of polyesters and to initiatepolymerization reactions.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate was employed as polymerization and cross-linking catalyst.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate was also was employed as initiator during ?grafting of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-4-oxyacetamido-(3 propyltriethoxysilane) to poly(ethylene co-octene and in preparation of conformal poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) thin films via initiated chemical vapor deposition.

Uses of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate: Polymerization initiator for polyethylene, polystyrene, polyacrylates, and polyesters; chem- ical intermediate.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as a polymerization initiator and as a chemical intermediate.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is often used as a radical initiator in polymerization reactions, such as the production of LDPE from ethylene, and for crosslinking, such as for unsaturated polyester resins.

-Applications of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate:
• Standard initiator in BMC, SMC and pultrusion
• High purity, stability, low volatility
• Can be accelerated with metal-based promoters

-Polymerization of styrene:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate may be used for the (co)polymerization of styrene in the temperature range of 100-140°C.
In practice, combinations of two or more peroxides with diverging activities are used to reduce the residual monomer content in the final polymer and to increase reactor efficiency.

-Polymerization of styrene:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate may be used for the (co)polymerization of styrene in the temperature range of 100- 140°C.
In practice, combinations of two or more peroxides with diverging activities are used to reduce the residual monomer content in the final polymer and to increase reactor efficiency.

-Polymerization of ethylene:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is an efficient initiator for the ethylene polymerization at high pressure in both autoclave and tubular processes.
To obtain a wide spectrum of polymerization temperatures, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is often used in combination with other peroxides.
Depending on reaction conditions, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is active in the temperature range of 220-270°C.

-In polymer chemistry:
Primarily, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as a radical initiator, either in the polymerization of e.g. ethylene (to LDPE), vinyl chloride, styrene or acrylic esters or as so-called unsaturated polyester resins (UP resins).
The quantity used for the curing of UP resins is about 1-2%.
A disadvantage, particularly in the production of polymers for applications in the food or cosmetics sector, is the possible formation of benzene as a decomposition product which can diffuse out of the polymer (for example, an LDPE packaging film).

-In organic chemistry:
The protecting group 2-trimethylsilylethanesulfonyl chloride (SES-Cl) for primary and secondary amino groups is accessible by the reaction of vinyltrimethylsilane with sodium hydrogensulfite and Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate to the sodium salt of trimethylsilylethanesulfonic acid and the subsequent reaction with thionyl chloride to the corresponding sulfonyl chloride.

-Polymerization of acrylates and methacrylates:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate may be used as an initiator for the bulk, suspension and solution (co)polymerization of acrylates and methacrylates in the temperature range of 90-130°C.
-For Crosslinking:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is a monofunctional peroxide which is used for the crosslinking of natural rubber and synthetic rubbers, as well as polyolefins.

-For Thermoset:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, is an aromatic perester, which is used for the curing of unsaturated polyester resins at elevated temperatures.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is preferred for the curing of UP resin based Hot Press Moulding formulations (SMC, BMC etc.) in the temperature range of 120-170°C.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can also be used in combination with high reactive peroxides like Perkadox 16 or Trigonox HMa as kicker in formulations for pultrusion in the temperature range of 100-150°C.
In combination with a cobalt accelerator (e.g. Accelerator NL-53N, 10% cobalt), Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is also applicable for the cure of UP resins in the temperature range of 70°C and higher.

RAW MATERIALS OF TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
*Benzoyl chloride
*Hydrogen peroxide
*tert-Butanol

DESCRIPTION AND FEATURES OF TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is yellowish liquid which has C11H14O3 as chemical formula.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is a low volatility, high purity, aromatic peroxyester. which is effective as medium temperature initiator for polymerization of a broad spectrum of monomers, per example acrylics, ethylene and styrene.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is also used to cure (copolymerization) unsaturated polyester resins at elevated temperatures.
Further Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used as catalyst for crosslinking synthetic rubbers like EPR, EPDM and NBR.
Crosslinking catalyst for natural and synthetic rubber materials

PROPERTIES OF TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate, which is pale yellow, is exclusively encountered as a solution in solvents such as ethanol or phthalate.
As peroxo compound, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate contains about 8.16 wt% of active oxygen and has a self accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) of about 60 °C.
The SADT is the lowest temperature at which self-accelerating decomposition in the transport packaging can occur within a week, and which should not be exceeded while storage or transportation.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoateshould therefore be stored between minimum 10 °C (below solidification) and maximum 50 °C.
Dilution with a high-boiling solvent increases the SADT.
The half-life of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate, in which 50% of the peroxy ester is decomposed, is 10 hours at 104 °C, one hour at 124 °C and one minute at 165 °C.
Amines, metal ions, strong acids and bases, as well as strong reducing and oxidizing agents accelerate the decomposition of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate even in low concentrations.
However, Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is one of the safest peresters or organic peroxides in handling.
The main decomposition products of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate are carbon dioxide, acetone, methane, tert-butanol, benzoic acid and benzene.

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate explodes with great violence when rapidly heated to a critical temperature; pure form is shock sensitive and detonable.
Upon contact with organic matter, t-butyl peroxybenzoate can ignite or give rise to an explosion.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate was employed as polymerization and cross-linking catalyst.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate was also was employed as initiator during grafting of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO)-4-oxyacetamido-(3 propyltriethoxysilane) to poly(ethylene co-octene and in preparation of conformal poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) thin films via initiated chemical vapor deposition.

PRODUCTION OF TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
A standard procedure for the preparation of peresters is the acylation of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate with benzoyl chloride.
In the reaction a large excess of Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate is used and the hydrogen chloride formed is removed in vacuo whereby a virtually quantitative yield is obtained.
Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate can be used to introduce a benzoyloxy group in the allyl position of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
From cyclohexene, 3-benzoyloxycyclohexene is formed with Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper(I)bromide in 71 to 80% yield.

This allylic oxidation of alkenes, also known as Kharasch-Sosnovsky oxidation, generates racemic allylic benzoates in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper(I)bromide.
A modification of the reaction utilizes copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate as a catalyst and DBN or DBU as bases to achieve yields up to 80% in the reaction of acyclic olefins with Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate to allylic benzoates.

Substituted oxazolines and thiazolines can be oxidized to the corresponding oxazoles and thiazoles in a modified Kharash-Sosnovsky oxidation with Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate and a mixture of Cu(I) and Cu(II) salts in suitable yields.
The carboalkoxy group at the C-4 position is essential a successful reaction.
Benzene and furans can be alkenylated with olefins in an oxidative coupling under palladium salt catalysis, with Tert-Butyl Peroxybenzoate as hydrogen acceptor.
In the absence of Pd2+ salts, the aromatics are benzoxylated.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
Physical state clear, liquid
Color: light yellow
Odor: weakly aromatic
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 9 - 11 °C at 1.013
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 75 - 76 °C at 0,3 hPa - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point 93,4 °C - closed cup - Decomposition
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: > 60 °C
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 7,5 mPa.s at 20 °C
Water solubility: 1,18 g/l - soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 3 at 25 °C - Bioaccumulation is not expected.
Vapor pressure: < 0,003 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1,021 g/mL at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 6,71 - (Air = 1.0)

Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.02100 @ 25.00 °C.
Melting Point: 8.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 282.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 0.330000 mmHg @ 50.00 °C.
Flash Point: 200.00 °F. TCC ( 93.33 °C. )
logP (o/w): 3.330 (est)
Soluble in: water, 159.2 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Melting point: 8 °C
Boiling point: 75-76 °C/0.2 mmHg (lit.)
Density: 1.021 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
vapor density: 6.7 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 3.36 mm Hg ( 50 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.499(lit.)
Flash point: 200 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: water: soluble1.18g/L
form: Liquid
color: Clear yellow
Water Solubility: Immiscible
BRN: 1342734
Stability: Stable.

Incompatible with a wide range of organic materials - oxidizer.
May react violently with organic compounds.
InChIKey: GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 3 at 25℃
Appearance : clear liquid
Color : 100 Pt-Co/APHA max
Active oxygen : 8.07% min
TBHP as Hydroperoxides : 0.10% max
Density, 20 ℃ : 1.04g/cm3
Viscosity, 20 ℃ : 6.5 mPa.s
Purity : one hundred%
Appearance : clear liquid
Color : 100 Pt-Co/APHA max
Experiment : 98.0% min
Active oxygen : 8.07% min
TBHP as Hydroperoxides : 0.10% max
Density, 20 ℃ : 1.04g/cm3
Viscosity, 20 ℃ : 6.5 mPa.s

Refractive Index: n20/D 1.499(lit.)
Colorless: liquid.
Freezing point of 8.5 deg C,
boiling point of 112 deg C (decomposition),75-76 deg C (2.67kPa)
the relative density of 1.021(20/4 deg C)
the refractive index of 1.4490
Flash point 93 °c.
Soluble in alcohol, ether, Ester and ketone, insoluble in water.
Slightly aromatic odor, stable at room temperature.
Molecular Formula: C11H14O3
Molar Mass: 194.23
Density: 1.021 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: 8 °C
Boling Point: 75-76 °C/0.2 mmHg (lit.)
Flash Point: 200°F
Water Solubility: Immiscible
Solubility: DMSO: 22.5 mg/mL( < 1 mg/ml refers to the product slightly soluble or insoluble)
Vapor Presure: 3.36 mm Hg ( 50 °C)
Vapor Density: 6.7 (vs air)

Appearance: Liquid
Color: Clear yellow
BRN: 1342734
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Stability: Stable.
Melting Point: 8.0°C
Color: Yellow
Density: 1.0400g/mL
Boiling Point: 75.0°C to 76.0°C (0.2mmHg)
Flash Point: 93°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 98%
Molecular Formula: C11H14O3
Linear Formula: C6H5CO2OC(CH3)3
Refractive Index: 1.4980 to 1.5000
Quantity: 1 kg
Beilstein: 09, IV, 715
Fieser: 01,98; 02,54; 04,66; 07,49; 09,90; 13,58
Viscosity: 6 mPa.s (20°C)
Formula Weight: 194.23
Percent Purity: 98%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate, 98%

Molecular Weight: 194.23
XLogP3-AA: 2.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 4
Exact Mass: 194.094294304
Monoisotopic Mass: 194.094294304
Topological Polar Surface Area: 35.5 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 14
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 187
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical State : Liquid
Solubility : Soluble in ether, alcohol, ester, and ketones. Insoluble in water.
Storage : Store at 4° C
Melting Point : 9-11° C
Boiling Point : 75-76° C (lit.) at 0.2 mmHg
Density : 1.021 g/mL at 25° C (lit.)
Refractive Index : n20D 1.50

FIRST AID MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,7 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 30 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter B-(P2)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
No data available

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TERT-BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE:
-Chemical stability
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).

SYNONYMS:
Tretbutylperbenzoate
TBPB
TRIGONOX C
Trigonox C
Luperox P
tert-butyl peroxybenzoate
tert-butyl perbenzoate
t-butyl perbenzoate
chaloxyd tbpb
perbutyl z
esperox 10
novox
trigonox c
tert-butyl peroxy benzoate
terc.butylperbenzoan
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate
614-45-9
tert-Butyl perbenzoate
tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate
t-Butyl perbenzoate
Chaloxyd tbpb
Perbutyl Z
Esperox 10
tert-Butyl peroxy benzoate
Terc.butylperbenzoan
Benzoyl tert-butyl peroxide
Peroxybenzoic acid, tert-butyl ester
Benzenecarboperoxoic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
t-Butyl peroxybenzoate
Perbenzoate de butyle tertiaire
tert-butyl benzoperoxoate
DTXSID9024699
NSC-674
54E39145KT
benzenecarboperoxoic acid tert-butyl ester
Trigonox C
DTXCID904699
tert-butylperoxybenzoate
t-Butyl peroxy benzoate
CAS-614-45-9
CCRIS 6217
HSDB 2891
NSC 674
Perbenzoic acid, tert-butyl ester
Tert butyl peroxybenzoate
EINECS 210-382-2
BRN 1342734
PEROXYBENZOIC ACID, T-BUTYL ESTER
AI3-06625
UNII-54E39145KT
t-butylperbenzoate
t-butyl per benzoate
t-butyl-peroxybenzoate
terc.Butylester kyseliny peroxybenzoove
tert-butyl-perbenzoate
tert.butyl perbenzoate
tert. butyl perbenzoate
t-butyl benzoyl peroxide
tertiary butyl perbenzoate
tert-butyl peroxy-benzoate
EC 210-382-2
SCHEMBL22820
WLN: 1X1&1&OOVR
NSC674
CHEMBL1328092
BUTYL PEROXYBENZOATE, TERT-
ZINC1596408
Tox21_202287
Tox21_300070
AKOS015890015
T-BUTYL BENZOYL PEROXIDE [INCI]
NCGC00091791-01
NCGC00091791-02
NCGC00091791-03
NCGC00091791-04
NCGC00254006-01
NCGC00259836-01
Benzenecarboperoxoic acid,1-dimethylethyl ester
EN300-129025
Luperox(R) P
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate, 98%
PEROXYBENZOIC ACID, T-BUTYL ESTER [HSDB]
Q14469782
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate, technical, >=95.0% (RT)
Benzoyl tert-butyl peroxide
CP 02
CP 02 (catalyst)
Chaloxyd TBPB
Chaloxyd
TBPB-HA-M 1
Esperox 10
Interox TBPB-HA-M 1
Kayabutyl B
LQ-TBPB
Link-Cup
TBPB
Luperox P
Luperox PXL
NSC 674
Norox TBPB
Perbutyl Z
TBPB
TBPB-HA-M 1
TBPB-HA-M 3
TC 5
TC 5 (vulcanizer)
Trigonox 93
Trigonox C
Trigonox C 50D
V 73
t-Butyl peroxybenzoate
tert-Butyl benzoyl peroxide
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate
Benzenecarboperoxoic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
Benzoyl tert-butyl peroxide
Chaloxyd TBPB; Esperox 10
Novox; Perbenzoate de butyle tertiaire [French]
Perbenzoic acid, tert-butyl ester
Perbutyl Z
Peroxybenzoic acid, tert-butyl ester
Trigonox C
t-Butyl perbenzoate
t-Butyl peroxy benzoate
UN3103
Benzoyl tert-butyl peroxide
Peroxybenzoic acid, tert-butyl ester
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate
Benzenecarboperoxoic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
tert-Butyl perbenzoate
Peroxybenzoic acid, t-butyl ester
TBPB
novox
esperox10
Trigonox?C
chaloxydtbpb
butylperoxybenzoate
Butylperoxybenzoate
tert-Butyl perbenzoate
Tert-Buty Peroxybenzoate
tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate
benzoyltert-butylperoxide
perbenzoatedebutyletertiaire
tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate
perbenzoatedebutyletertiaire(french)
Benzenecarboperoxoicacid,1,1-dimethylethylester

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is an organic peroxide compound widely used as a radical initiator in polymerization reactions.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) has the chemical formula C11H14O3 and a molecular weight of approximately 194.23 g/mol.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic mild odor.

CAS Number: 614-45-9
EC Number: 210-382-2

Synonyms: TBPB, Tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, Peroxybenzoic acid, tert-butyl ester, Tert-butyl 4-hydroperoxybenzoate, TBPB-O, TBPB-Ether, Tert-butyl peroxybenzene, Tert-butyl perbenzoate, Tert-butyl 4-peroxybenzoate

APPLICATIONS

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is primarily used as a radical initiator in the polymerization of various monomers.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) initiates the polymerization of styrene, acrylates, and methacrylates, leading to the production of polymers with controlled molecular weights and structures.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is essential in the production of polystyrene, a versatile plastic used in packaging, electronics, and consumer goods.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a crucial role in the synthesis of acrylic resins, which are used in paints, adhesives, and coatings.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the manufacture of polyethylene and polypropylene, enhancing their mechanical properties and processability.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the production of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers, known for their impact resistance and durability.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) facilitates the production of methacrylate polymers used in dental materials, optical lenses, and automotive parts.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the formulation of crosslinking agents for polymeric materials, improving their heat resistance and mechanical strength.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is crucial in the production of thermosetting resins used in composite materials and structural components.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the synthesis of adhesives and sealants that require rapid curing and strong bonding properties.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) serves as a key ingredient in the production of elastomers, providing flexibility and resilience in rubber products.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the manufacture of specialty coatings for corrosion protection and aesthetic enhancement.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the formulation of printing inks for packaging materials and graphic arts applications.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a role in the production of polymer additives that enhance flame retardancy and UV stability.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the preparation of polymer dispersions and emulsions used in textile coatings and paper coatings.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the synthesis of polymer nanoparticles and microspheres for drug delivery and biomedical applications.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the production of encapsulation materials for controlled release of active ingredients in pharmaceuticals and agriculture.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is crucial in the development of specialty polymers used in 3D printing, enabling precise fabrication of complex structures.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the formulation of composite materials for aerospace and automotive applications, enhancing lightweight and structural integrity.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) serves as an initiator in the production of polymeric membranes used in water purification and filtration processes.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the formulation of encapsulating materials for electronic devices and microelectronics, protecting components from environmental factors.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a role in the synthesis of polymer fibers used in textiles, reinforcing fabrics for improved strength and durability.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the production of polymeric films and sheets used in packaging and agricultural applications.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the formulation of coatings for medical devices, providing biocompatibility and sterilization resistance.
Researchers continue to explore new applications and formulations of TBPB to meet evolving industrial and technological demands.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the production of rubber compounds, enhancing their processability and vulcanization properties.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the synthesis of thermoplastic elastomers, combining the properties of rubber and plastic for versatile applications.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used as a crosslinking agent in the production of silicone rubbers, providing flexibility and heat resistance.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) serves as a catalyst in the polymerization of vinyl acetate, used in the production of adhesives and coatings.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the formulation of acrylic polymers for architectural coatings, providing weather resistance and durability.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the production of polyurethane foams, improving their structural integrity and resilience.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a role in the synthesis of polymeric membranes used in fuel cells and water desalination technologies.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the formulation of encapsulating materials for electronic components, protecting against moisture and mechanical stress.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the preparation of microencapsulated phase change materials (PCM), used for thermal energy storage applications.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is crucial in the synthesis of photopolymerizable resins for stereolithography and rapid prototyping in 3D printing.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the production of surfactants and dispersants used in industrial and household cleaning products.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) serves as a stabilizer and crosslinking agent in the production of gel coats and fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP).

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the formulation of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) for tapes, labels, and adhesive films.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the synthesis of polymer additives for lubricants, enhancing their viscosity and thermal stability.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the formulation of anti-fogging agents and coatings for optical lenses and eyewear.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a role in the production of dental materials such as impression compounds and temporary crowns.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the synthesis of inkjet inks, providing fast drying and durable prints on various substrates.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors and coatings for metal surfaces in marine and industrial applications.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) serves as a catalyst in the polymerization of cyclic ethers, used in the production of polyether polyols for polyurethane formulations.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the synthesis of polymer-modified bitumen for road paving and waterproofing applications.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the formulation of encapsulating materials for pharmaceuticals, ensuring controlled release and stability of active ingredients.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a role in the production of composite materials reinforced with natural fibers for sustainable building materials.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is utilized in the formulation of rheology modifiers and thickeners for paints, inks, and coatings.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the synthesis of ion-exchange resins for water purification and industrial chemical separations.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) continues to find new applications in advanced materials, nanotechnology, and biomedical research, driven by ongoing innovations in polymer science and engineering.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) contributes to the development of high-performance plastics used in automotive and aerospace industries.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the preparation of crosslinked polymers, enhancing their mechanical strength and durability.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is essential in the production of polymer additives that modify material properties such as flexibility and heat resistance.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is known for its stability under proper storage conditions, ensuring consistent performance in polymerization processes.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is regulated under safety guidelines due to its hazardous nature and reactive properties.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is synthesized through esterification of benzoic acid with tert-butyl alcohol under controlled conditions.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is critical to use TBPB in well-ventilated areas and with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure risks.
The chemical stability of TBPB allows for its efficient storage and handling in industrial settings.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the production of water-based emulsion polymers for coatings and adhesives.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) serves as a key initiator in the synthesis of polymeric materials used in medical devices and electronics.
Researchers continue to explore novel applications and formulations utilizing TBPB to meet evolving industrial needs.

DESCRIPTION

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is an organic peroxide compound widely used as a radical initiator in polymerization reactions.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) has the chemical formula C11H14O3 and a molecular weight of approximately 194.23 g/mol.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic mild odor.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and ethanol.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is highly reactive due to its peroxybenzoate functional group.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is known for its ability to initiate the polymerization of monomers like styrene and acrylates.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) plays a crucial role in the production of various polymers and copolymers used in industries such as plastics, coatings, and adhesives.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) facilitates controlled radical polymerization processes, ensuring precise control over polymer chain growth.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is used in the synthesis of specialty polymers with tailored properties such as impact resistance and thermal stability.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) undergoes decomposition under certain conditions, releasing free radicals that initiate polymerization reactions.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is handled with caution due to its potential for exothermic decomposition, which can lead to fire or explosion.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is stored and transported under controlled conditions to prevent unintended reactions.

Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is a valuable tool in research and industrial applications requiring precise polymerization kinetics.
Tert-Butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) is employed in the formulation of resin systems for composite materials.

PROPERTIES

Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: C11H14O3
Molecular Weight: Approximately 194.23 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, characteristic odor
Density: 1.06 g/cm³ at 20°C
Boiling Point: 98-100°C (208-212°F) at 10 mmHg
Melting Point: -10°C (14°F)
Flash Point: 86°C (187°F), closed cup
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and benzene
Vapor Pressure: 1.3 mmHg at 20°C
Viscosity: Not readily available, generally low viscosity liquid

Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Peroxybenzoate group attached to a tert-butyl group
Reactivity: TBPB is a peroxide compound that decomposes exothermally to produce free radicals, initiating polymerization reactions.
Decomposition: Decomposes under heat or in the presence of acids or bases, releasing oxygen and tert-butyl radicals.
Flammability: TBPB is flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions; should be stored away from heat, flames, and incompatible materials.
Autoignition Temperature: Not readily available, typically handled under conditions to prevent ignition.
pH: Neutral in its pure form

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

Symptoms:
Inhalation of TBPB vapors may cause respiratory irritation, coughing, difficulty breathing, and throat irritation.

Immediate Actions:
Remove the affected person from the exposure area to fresh air immediately, ensuring they can breathe freely.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available. Assist ventilation if necessary.
Keep the person calm and in a comfortable position.

Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical personnel with the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or chemical name for proper treatment guidance.
Monitor the person for signs of respiratory distress.

Skin Contact:

Symptoms:
TBPB can cause skin irritation, redness, and potentially burns upon prolonged contact.

Immediate Actions:
Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry immediately.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring all chemical residue is removed.
If irritation persists or there are signs of burns, seek medical attention promptly.

Medical Attention:
Consult a physician if skin irritation or burns occur.
Provide the SDS or chemical name to medical personnel for appropriate treatment.

Eye Contact:

Symptoms:
Eye exposure to TBPB can cause irritation, redness, pain, and potential corneal injury.

Immediate Actions:
Immediately rinse eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easily removable, during rinsing.
Seek medical attention immediately after rinsing.

Medical Attention:
Contact an eye specialist or ophthalmologist promptly.
Provide the SDS or chemical name to medical personnel for proper evaluation and treatment.

Ingestion:

Symptoms:
Ingestion of TBPB may cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Immediate Actions:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Rinse out the mouth with water if the person is conscious and able to swallow.
Seek immediate medical attention.

Medical Attention:
Contact a poison control center or healthcare provider immediately.
Provide the SDS or chemical name to medical personnel for appropriate treatment guidance.

General First Aid Considerations:

Personal Protection for Rescuers:
Rescuers should wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and protective clothing, to avoid direct contact with TBPB.

Decontamination:
Prevent further exposure by removing contaminated clothing promptly and washing exposed skin thoroughly.
Avoid cross-contamination by handling contaminated clothing and materials with care.

Emergency Contacts:
Keep emergency contact numbers, including poison control and medical services, readily accessible.

Transportation to Medical Facility:
Transport the affected person to a medical facility promptly, ensuring that they are accompanied by someone who can provide information about the exposure.

Additional Notes:

Documentation:
Document the details of the exposure incident, including symptoms observed, actions taken, and medical advice received.

Follow-Up:
Monitor the exposed individual for delayed symptoms or complications, especially in cases of skin burns or eye injuries.

Training and Awareness:
Educate personnel on the hazards of TBPB and proper first aid procedures to ensure preparedness in case of exposure incidents.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

General Precautions:
Handle TBPB in a well-ventilated area to minimize exposure to vapors.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and lab coat.
Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with skin and eyes.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling TBPB.

Handling Practices:
Use tools and equipment that are grounded and spark-resistant to prevent static electricity discharge.
Ensure containers are tightly closed when not in use to prevent spills and evaporation.
Minimize exposure to heat, flames, and ignition sources during handling and transfer operations.
Handle with care to prevent physical damage to containers and potential release of the chemical.

Emergency Procedures:
Be familiar with emergency procedures and spill response measures before handling TBPB.
Have spill control materials (e.g., absorbent pads, neutralizing agents) readily available.
In case of spillage, contain the spill immediately to prevent further spread. Wear appropriate PPE during cleanup.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after handling TBPB.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
Maintain good housekeeping practices in work areas to minimize potential exposure.

Specific Handling Guidance:
Do not mix TBPB with incompatible substances, such as acids, bases, and strong oxidizers.
Follow manufacturer's recommendations and safety data sheet (SDS) instructions for handling and disposal.
Ensure that all handling procedures comply with local, state, and federal regulations.

Storage:

Storage Location:
Store TBPB in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep containers tightly closed and upright to prevent leakage and evaporation.
Store away from incompatible materials and sources of ignition, such as sparks and open flames.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperature below 30°C (86°F) to prevent decomposition and ensure chemical stability.
Avoid freezing temperatures, as crystallization may occur and affect product quality.

Container Requirements:
Use original containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.
Ensure containers are labeled with the chemical name, hazards, and handling instructions.
Inspect containers regularly for signs of damage or deterioration.

Segregation:
Store TBPB separately from food, feedstuffs, and animal bedding to prevent contamination.
Segregate from oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents to avoid potential reactions.

Security and Accessibility:
Restrict access to storage areas to authorized personnel only.
Ensure emergency equipment, such as spill kits and fire extinguishers suitable for organic peroxides, is readily accessible.

Inventory Management:
Implement a first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory system to ensure older stock is used first.
Keep accurate records of quantities stored, usage, and disposal to facilitate inventory control and regulatory compliance.

Acetic acid, tert-butyl ester; 1,1-Dimethyl ethyl acetate; acetic acid, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester; t-Butyl acetate; Acetic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester; ACETIC ACID TERT-BUTYL ESTER; TBAC(TM); T-BUTYL ACETATE; TERT-BUTYL ACETATE; 1,1-dimethylacetate; 1,1-Dimethylethylacetate; 2-methyl-2-propylacetate; acetatedebutyletertiare; Acetic acid t-butyl ester; CH3C(O)OC(CH3)3; tert-Butyl ethanoate CAS NO:540-88-5

tert-Dodecyl mercaptan; TERT-DODECANETHIOL; t-Dodecanethiol; t-Dodecylmercaptan; Sulfole 120 cas no: 25103-58-6

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, for example the Halcon process.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.

CAS: 75-91-2
MF: C4H10O2
MW: 90.12
EINECS: 200-915-7

Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents.
Overall, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70's solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.
A solution of Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 and water with a concentration of greater than 90% is forbidden to be shipped according to US Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Table 49 CFR 172.101.
In some sources Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 also has an NFPA 704 rating of 4 for health, 4 for flammability, 4 for reactivity and is a potent oxidant, however other sources claim lower ratings of 3-2-2 or 1-4-4.

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 has a role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidising agent.
Watery odorless colorless liquid.
Floats and mixes slowly with water.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a flammable liquid and a highly reactive oxidizing agent.
Pure Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is shock sensitive and may explode on heating.
Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for fires involving Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70.

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 accelerates oxidation of glutathione and decreases the metabolism of sodium hexobarbital in rat livers and is a strong oxidation agent.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 and concentrated aqueous solutions of TBHP react violently with traces of acid and the salts of certain metals, including, in particular, manganese, iron, and cobalt.
Mixing anhydrous Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 with organic and readily oxidized substances can cause ignition and explosion.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 can initiate polymerization of certain olefins.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is an alkyl hydroperoxide compound with a tert-butyl alkyl group.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 finds extensive use in numerous oxidation reactions.
Apart from its oxidizing properties, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 also exhibits antibacterial activity.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a colorless, odorless liquid with a watery consistency.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 has a characteristic behavior of floating on water and dissolving slowly when in contact with it.

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70, referred to as TBHP, is one of the most commonly used alkyl hydroperoxide.
Commodities are generally light yellow transparent non-volatile liquids, slightly soluble in water, miscible with organic solvents.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is mainly used as an initiator for free radical reactions or polymerization reactions in industry.
Compared with the decomposition products of most other initiators, iTert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is acidic.
The decomposition products of Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 are tert-butanol (TBA) and a small amount of acetone, which are not corrosive to the equipment, so the requirements for the equipment are not high.

The decomposition activation energy of O-O bond in Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is low, which can be used as an improver to improve the decane number of diesel oil.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a very important organic synthesis intermediate.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a crosslinking agent used in unsaturated polyester crosslinking under medium and high temperature conditions.
Under the action of the metal catalyst, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 can also be used as an oxygen supplier to selectively oxidize unsaturated hydrocarbons such as acetals, allyl alcohol compounds, and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 Chemical Properties
Melting point: -2.8 °C
Boiling point: 37 °C (15 mmHg)
Density: 0.937 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 62 mmHg at 45 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.403
Fp: 85 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
pka: pK1: 12.80 (25°C)
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless
Water Solubility: Miscible
Merck: 14,1570
BRN: 1098280
Exposure limits: No exposure limit is set.
On the basis of its irritant properties a ceiling limit of 1.2 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) is recommended.
Stability: Stable, but may explode if heated under confinement.
Decomposition may be accelerated by traces of metals, molecular sieve or other contaminants.
Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible material, acids.
InChIKey: CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.230 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 75-91-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 (75-91-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 (75-91-2)

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a water-white liquid commonly commercially available as a 70% solution in water; 80% solutions are also available.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 vapor can burn in the absence of air and may be flammable at either elevated temperature or at reduced pressure.
Fine mist/spray may be combustible at temperatures below the normal flash point.
When evaporated, the residual liquid will concentrate TBHP content and may reach an explosive concentration (＞90%).

Closed containers may generate internal pressure through the degradation of Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 to oxygen.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a highly reactive product.
The three types of significant physical hazards are flammability, thermal, and decomposition due to contamination.
To minimize these hazards, avoid exposure to heat, fire, or any condition that will concentrate the liquid material.
Store away from heat, sparks, open flames, foreign contaminants, combustibles, and reducing agents.
Inspect containers frequently to identify bulges or leaks.

Application
Industrially, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is used to prepare propylene oxide.
In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction:

(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3
The byproduct t-butanol, which can be dehydrated to isobutene and converted to MTBE.
On a much smaller scale, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation.

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 used as a catalyst for polymerization reactions.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 used as an introducer of peroxide groups in the substituent reaction.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a first-class organic oxidant, which is easy to explode at high temperatures.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is used for dyeing and printing cotton, viscose, silk, cotton fiber and other fibers and their fabrics, and also for dyeing polyester/viscose blended fabrics.
Can be used alone or for color matching.
After dyeing viscose fabric, the product is treated with fixing agent M, and the color light is slightly wilted.
After fixing agent Y treatment, the color light is slightly blue, and after urea formaldehyde resin finishing, the color light is bluer.
Used as desiccant, polymerization initiator, organic synthesis intermediate for unsaturated melamine resin coatings

Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is primarily used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.
Other uses are for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and metallic and sulfur compounds.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.
Furthermore, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.

Production Methods
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygen or by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride.
The manufacturing process of Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is in a closed system.

Preparation
After diazotization of p-nitroaniline o-sulfonic acid, Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is coupled with & gamma; acid, and then the nitro group in the coupling is reduced to amino group, then condensed with phosgene, and finally salted out, filtered and dried.
Raw material consumption (kg/t) p-nitroaniline o-sulfonic acid 555 & gamma; Acid 490 phosgene 510
Tert-butanol reacts with sulfuric acid to form Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70, which is obtained by reacting with hydrogen peroxide.
Add tert-butanol to the reaction pot, add hydrogen peroxide at 35 deg c under stirring, then raise the temperature to 50 deg c, add 70% sulfuric acid dropwise, react for 5h after adding, keep the temperature at 55-60 deg c, stand in layers, dry the upper oil layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter to obtain tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide.

tert-butanol reacts with sulfuric acid to generate tert-butyl bisulfate, which reacts with hydrogen peroxide to obtain:(CH3)3COH(H2SO4,H2O2)& rarr;(CH3)3COOH tert-butanol is added into the reaction pot, hydrogen peroxide is added at 35 ℃ under stirring, then the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, 70% sulfuric acid is added dropwise, the upper oil layer is dried and filtered with anhydrous sodium sulfate to obtain tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide.

Reactivity Profile
Most alkyl monohydroperoxides are liquid.
The explosivity of the lower members (e.g., methyl hydroperoxide, or possibly, traces of the dialkyl peroxides) decreasing with increasing chain length and branching.
Though relatively stable, explosions have been caused by distillation to dryness or attempted distillation at atmospheric pressure.

Health Hazard
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is a strong irritant.
Floyd and Stockinger (1958) observed thatdirect cutaneous application in rats did notcause immediate discomfort, but the delayedaction was severe.
The symptoms were erythemaand edema within 2–3 days.
Exposureto 500 mg in 24 hours produced asevere effect on rabbit skin, while a rinse of150 mg/min was severe to eyes.
Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 is moderately toxic; the effects aresomewhat similar to those of MEK peroxide.
Symptoms from oral administration in ratswere weakness, shivering, and prostration.

Carcinogenicity A study performed to evaluate the carcinogenicity of Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 found it was not carcinogenic when applied to the skin of mice at 16.6% of the peroxide 6 times a week for 45 weeks.
However, if its application was preceded by 0.05 mg of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide as a 0.25% solution in benzene applied 20 times over 7 weeks followed by Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 (16.6% in benzene), then malignant skin tumors appeared between days 390 and 405 of the experiment.
This supports the theory that peroxides are not complete carcinogens, but may act as promoters.
The effects of Tert-butylhydroperoxide %70 on promotable and nonpromotable mouse epidermal cell culture lines were reported by Muehlematter et al.

Synonyms
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE
75-91-2
TBHP
T-Butyl hydroperoxide
tert-Butylhydroperoxide
2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane
Perbutyl H
t-Butylhydroperoxide
1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Cadox TBH
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl
Terc. butylhydroperoxid
tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl
Slimicide DE-488
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide
Trigonox a-75
Trigonox A-W70
TBHP-70
1,1-Dimethylethylhydroperoxide
Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide
NSC 672
Caswell No. 130BB
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide
Perbutyl H 69T
t-BuOOH
Luperox TBH 70X
terc.Butylhydroperoxid
Trigonox A-W 70
tert Butylhydroperoxide
CCRIS 5892
HSDB 837
tert-Butyl-hydroperoxide
Kayabutyl H
Trigonox A-75 [Czech]
T-Hydro
EINECS 200-915-7
DE 488
DE-488
UNII-955VYL842B
BRN 1098280
terc.Butylhydroperoxid [Czech]
terc. Butylhydroperoxid [Czech]
CHEBI:64090
AI3-50541
NSC-672
955VYL842B
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl-
KAYABUTYL H 70
Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire [French]
DTXSID9024693
EC 200-915-7
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, >90% with water [Forbidden]
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (II)
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [II]
tBOOH
t Butylhydroperoxide
t Butyl Hydroperoxide
t-BHP
Hydroperoxide, t-Butyl
tert Butyl Hydroperoxide
tertiary Butylhydroperoxide
Trigonox
tBuOOH
tert-BuOOH
Ethyldiethylperoxide
Perbutyl H 69
Perbutyl H 80
t-butyl-hydroperoxide
terbutyl hydroperoxide
tert-butyhydroperoxide
tert-butylhydroperoxid
Terc butylhydroperoxid
tert-C4H9OOH
t-butyl hydrogenperoxide
t-butyl-hydrogenperoxide
tert.-butylhydroperoxide
tert.butyl hydroperoxide
BHP (CHRIS Code)
tertiarybutylhydroperoxide
tertbutylhydrogen peroxide
t-butyl hydrogen peroxide
tert.-butyl hydroperoxide
DSSTox_CID_4693
tert-butylhydrogen peroxide
2-methylpropane-2-peroxol
Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl-
DSSTox_RID_78866
DSSTox_GSID_31209
tertiary butyl hydro peroxide
Hydroperoxide,1-dimethylethyl
Trigonox A-80 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2093 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2094 (Salt/Mix)
USP -800 (Salt/Mix)
CHEMBL348399
DTXCID504693
NSC672
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (8CI)
WLN: QOX1&1&1
2-Methyl-prop-2-yl-hydroperoxide
Tox21_200838
Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq
MFCD00002130
NA2092
NA2093
NA2094
UN2092
UN2093
UN2094
BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TERTIARY)
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [MI]
AKOS000121070
LS-1679
TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE [HSDB]
NCGC00090725-01
NCGC00090725-02
NCGC00090725-03
NCGC00258392-01
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide aqueous solution
Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl (9CI)
tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (70% in Water)
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, >90% with water
B3153
FT-0657109
Q286326
J-509597
F1905-8242
Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide, 1,1-; (tert-Butylhydroperoxide)

Tert-Dodecanethiol's chemical formula is C12H26S
Tert-Dodecanethiol is colorless oil liquid, and diffuses foul smell.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in the manufacture of fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.

CAS NUMBER: 25103-58-6

EC NUMBER: 246-619-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C12H26S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 202.40 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol

Tert-Dodecanethiol is commonly used as a chain transfer agent
Tert-Dodecanethiol makes the relative molecular mass distribution uniform.

Tert-Dodecanethiol helps in the polymerization of the end products.
This role used to be given to chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and other compounds of chlorine.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber
Tert-Dodecanethiol is commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.

Tert-Dodecanethiol appears as a colorless liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is colorless oil liquid, and diffuses foul smell.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in polymerization processes such as styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, and synthetic resin.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber

Tert-Dodecanethiol is commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is a relative molecular mass adjuster for the polymerization of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber, especially in the synthesis of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin by emulsion polymerization, which can reduce the branching degree of polymer molecular chains

Tert-Dodecanethiol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tert-Dodecanethiol has a repulsive odor.

Tert-Dodecanethiol can be used as an additive to lubricants.
Tert-Dodecanethiol's refractive index is 1.4589

Tert-Dodecanethiol's flash point is 90 ℃
Tert-Dodecanethiol is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene.

Tert-Dodecanethiol's boiling point is 227-248 ℃
Tert-Dodecanethiol is a colourless liquid organic compound, with a characteristic odour.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in the manufacture of fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.
Tert-Dodecanethiol can also be used as "gold water" in the ceramic industry and an acidifier for oil wells.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as an intermediate and a chain transfer agent.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is a colorless liquid with a strong sulfur odor.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used a an additive to lubricants.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is a member of the thiol family of compounds, which are characterized by the presence of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in a variety of scientific and industrial applications, including the synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and other materials.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is commonly used as a chain transfer agent in the manufacturing process of styrene/butadiene latex for use in carpet and paper industries

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in lubricant intermediates to produce additives as well as final components to improve lubricant performance in base oils and metal working fluids.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is also a lubricant additive used to improve lubricant performance in base oils and metal working fluids.

Tert-Dodecanethiol appears as a colorless liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is colorless oil liquid, and diffuses foul smell.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is a main component to produce metallic decoration (inks) for food packaging (porcelain, ceramics glass).
Tert-Dodecanethiol is a chain transfer agent used mainly in cold radical polymerization processes.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is soluble in acetone and benzene
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used to control the molecular weight in the manufacturing of butadiene & styrene based processes such as butadiene latex (SBL) & synthetic rubbers (e-SBR and NBR), ABS, polystyrene (PS) and styrene varnishes.

Tert-Dodecanethiol can also be used in the polymerization of various monomers, such as vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as a chemical intermediate in various syntheses: extreme pressure additives, fragrances, non-ionic surfactants and fungicides.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is an organosulfur compound
Tert-Dodecanethiol is commonly used as a chain transfer agent in the manufacturing process of styrene/butadiene latex for use in carpet and paper industries.

Tert-Dodecanethiol has recently become a significant industrial chemical because of its use as a chain transfer agent in the manufacture of latex.
Tert-Dodecanethiol's molecular formula is C12H25SH.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid.
Tert-Dodecanethiol's freezing point is -7 ℃

Tert-Dodecanethiol is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, gasoline and other organic solvents and esters.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is mainly used as molecular weight modifier.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as an intermediate
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as an intermediate, as a process regulator, and as an additive to lubricants.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in polymers and pH regulators
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in lubricant intermediates

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 202.40 g/mol

-XLogP3-AA: 4.8

-Exact Mass: 202.17552200 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 202.17552200 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 1Å²

-Physical Description: Pellets or Large Crystals

-Density: 858 kg/m3

-Viscosity: 36 mPa.s (cP)

-Flash point: 97 °C

-Vapour pressure: 0.03 mbar (hPa)

-Vapour pressure: 0.8 mbar (hPa)

-Refractive index: 1.461

-Boiling point: 233°C

-Melting point: < -30°C

-Decomposition temperature: 350°C

Tert-Dodecanethiol is a chain transfer agent used mainly in cold radical polymerization processes.
Tert-Dodecanethiol can also be used in the polymerization of various monomers

Tert-Dodecanethiol is an organosulfur compound
Tert-Dodecanethiol has an industrial use resulting in the manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

-Rotatable Bond Count: 3

-Heavy Atom Count: 13

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 176

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in mining.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in the manufacture of chemicals and rubber products.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is soluble in methanol, ether, acetone, benzene, gasoline and acetate
Tert-Dodecanethiol is insoluble in water.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as a process regulator
Tert-Dodecanethiol can be used as an additive to lubricants.

Tert-Dodecanethiol appears as a colorless liquid
Tert-Dodecanethiol is an intermediate in organic synthesis, used to manufacture drugs, pesticides, fungicides, rust inhibitors, lubricant additives, etc.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is mainly used as molecular weight modifier.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used in water treatment products

Tert-Dodecanethiol has a characteristic odour.
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as a chain transfer agent.

Tert-Dodecanethiol is a colorless liquid
Tert-Dodecanethiol is also commonly used for non-ionic surfactants agents
Tert-Dodecanethiol is used as an intermediates of organic synthesis.

SYNONYMS:

tert-Dodecylmercaptan
Sulfole 120;t-DDM
tert-Dodecyl Thiol
tert-Lauryl Mercaptan
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
tert-Dodecylthiol
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan
tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan
tert-Dodecanethiol
Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan
Tert Dodecyl Mercaptan
4-Heptanethiol, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl-
MFCD00043233
tert-Dodecylmercaptan
tert-Dodecanethiol
TERT-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
tert-dodecylthiol
TERT-DODECANETHIOL
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
DTXSID1025221
NCGC00091163-03
CCRIS 6030
tert-Lauryl Mercaptan
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
EINECS 246-619-1
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
BRN 1738382
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
TERT-DODECYL THIOL
T-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
UNII-G00MDQ58TB
DTXCID905221
t-Dodecanethiol
Sulfole 120
t-DDM
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
t-Dodecylmercaptan
G00MDQ58TB
SCHEMBL3332338
CHEMBL1325985
DTXSID00143406
1,1-Dimethyldecyl hydrosulfide
ZINC597503
tert-dodecanethiol
Tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecanthiol
AKOS015900250
n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-(3-pyridinyl)urea
Q2405872
t-dodecanethiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-4-heptanethiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentaméthyl-4-heptanethiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-4-heptanthiol
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
2-methylundecane-2-thiol
dodecane-1-thiol
Dodecyl mercaptan
TDM
TDM (tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan)
tert-Dodecanethiol
2-Methylundecane-2-thiol
2-Undecanethiol, 2-methyl-
2-Nonyl-2-propanethiol
NCGC00091163-01
NCGC00091163-02
NCGC00091163-04
CAS-25103-58-6
EC 246-619-1
2-Methylundecyl-2-thiol
tertiary dodecyl mercaptan
2-methyl-2-undecanethiol
2-methyl-undecane-2-thiol
SCHEMBL21128
1,1-Dimethyl-decyl-mercaptan
SCHEMBL564605
C12H26S
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan (mixture of isomers)
TDM
TDDM
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-dodecylmercaptan
Tert-dodecyl mercaptan
dodecanethiol, mixed isomers
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
tert-Dodecanethiol (mixture of isomers)
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane-4-thiol
25103-58-6
296-714-7
tert-dodecanethiol
tert-dodecyl mercaptan
tert-dodecylmercaptan
tert-dodecylthiol
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
2-hexanethiol, 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethyl-
2,4,4,6,6-pentamethyl heptane-2-thiol
2,4,4,6,6-pentamethyl-2-heptane thiol
2,4,4,6,6-pentamethyl-2-heptanethiol

Tert-dodecanethiol is a clear white to pale yellow liquid with a foul odour.
Tert-dodecanethiol, also known as 1-dodecanethiol or dodecyl mercaptan, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H26S.
Tert-dodecanethiol is classified as a thiol, which is a type of organic compound containing a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (–SH group) and is also known as a mercaptan.

CAS Number: 25103-58-6
Molecular Formula: C12H26S
Molecular Weight: 202.4
EINECS Number: 246-619-1

Tert-dodecanethiol is incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents.
Generate heat and in many cases hydrogen gas and possibly hydrogen sulfide with these materials.

Tert-dodecanethiol incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
The "tert" in the name typically refers to the position of the sulfur atom in the molecule.
May liberate hydrogen sulfide upon decomposition or reaction with an acid.

Tert-dodecanethiol may be sensitive to heat.
A chemical structure of a molecule includes the arrangement of atoms and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together.

The Tert-dodecanethiol molecule contains a total of 38 bond(s).
There are 12 non-H bond(s), 3 rotatable bond(s), and 1 thiol(s).
Images of the chemical structure of Tert-dodecanethiol are given below:

Tert-dodecanethiol is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber, especially commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.
The chemical structure of Tert-dodecanethiol consists of a linear hydrocarbon chain of 12 carbon atoms (dodecyl) bonded to a sulfur atom (thiol) with three methyl groups (tert-butyl) attached to the carbon adjacent to the sulfur atom. Its chemical formula is C12H26S.

Tert-dodecanethiol is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature. It has a strong, unpleasant odor, which is characteristic of many thiols.
Tert-dodecanethiol is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like alcohols, ethers, and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
Thiols like Tert-dodecanethiol are known for their strong sulfur-hydrogen (S-H) bond, which gives them their characteristic odor.

They can undergo various chemical reactions, including oxidation and chemical bonding with other molecules through the sulfur atom.
These properties make them useful in various chemical processes.
Tert-dodecanethiol is an organosulfur compound with the molecular formula C12H25SH.

Tert-dodecanethiol is a colorless liquid with a strong sulfur odor.
Tert-dodecanethiol is a member of the thiol family of compounds, which are characterized by the presence of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.
Tert-dodecanethiol is used in a variety of scientific and industrial applications, including the synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and other materials.

The 2D chemical structure image of Tert-dodecanethiol is also called skeletal formula, which is the standard notation for organic molecules.
The carbon atoms in the chemical structure of Tert-dodecanethiolL are implied to be located at the corner(s) and hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms are not indicated – each carbon atom is considered to be associated with enough hydrogen atoms to provide the carbon atom with four bonds.

Tert-dodecanethiol is synthesized by the reaction of dodecanethiol with tert-butyl hypochlorite in the presence of a base.
The reaction is typically carried out in a two-phase system consisting of an aqueous phase and an organic phase.
The reaction proceeds in two steps: the initial reaction of Tert-dodecanethiol with tert-butyl hypochlorite to form a thiocyanate intermediate, followed by the reaction of the thiocyanate intermediate with a base to form Tert-dodecanethiol.

Tert-dodecanethiol acts as a ligand for the immobilization of proteins and enzymes.
Tert-dodecanethiol binds to the proteins and enzymes through its sulfur atom, forming a covalent bond.
This covalent bond enables the proteins and enzymes to be immobilized on a solid surface, allowing them to be used in a variety of applications.

The use of Tert-dodecanethiol in scientific research is still in its early stages, and there are many potential future directions for its use.
Tert-dodecanethiol could be used to create new materials with novel properties, such as materials with improved optical or electrical properties.
Additionally, Tert-dodecanethiol could be used to create new biosensors or to develop new pharmaceuticals. Tert-dodecanethiol could also be used to study protein-protein interactions or to develop new methods for the immobilization of proteins and enzymes.

Tert-dodecanethiol could be used to create new nanomaterials or to study the effects of Tert-dodecanethiol on biochemical and physiological processes.
One of the key properties of Tert-dodecanethiol is its ability to modify the surface properties of materials.
When it forms self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on surfaces, it imparts hydrophobicity.

This can be particularly useful in applications where water repellency or resistance to moisture is desired, such as in coatings, paints, or protective layers.
SAMs formed by Tert-dodecanethiol on metal surfaces can act as barriers against corrosion.
By creating a protective hydrophobic layer on metal substrates, it prevents moisture and corrosive agents from reaching the metal surface, thus reducing the rate of corrosion.

In the field of nanotechnology, Tert-dodecanethiol is often employed as a ligand or stabilizing agent for nanoparticles, especially metal nanoparticles like gold and silver.
Tert-dodecanethiol can be used to control the size, shape, and stability of nanoparticles during their synthesis.
These modified nanoparticles find applications in catalysis, sensors, and nanocomposite materials.

Thiols, including Tert-dodecanethiol, can be used in analytical chemistry techniques such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry as derivatizing agents.
They can react with certain functional groups in analytes, making them more amenable to analysis or detection.
Tert-dodecanethiol is a versatile chemical reagent in research laboratories.

Chemists use it to introduce the Tert-dodecanethiol group into molecules, enabling the study of specific chemical reactions or the modification of molecules for various purposes.
In industries like cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, Tert-dodecanethiol may be used in quality control and testing processes to assess the stability and shelf life of products, especially those that contain sulfur-containing compounds.

The disposal and handling of chemicals like Tert-dodecanethiol should be in accordance with local environmental regulations.
Thiols can be harmful to aquatic life, so care must be taken to prevent their release into natural water systems.

Melting point: -7.5°C
Boiling point: 227-248 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.86 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure: 1.33 hPa (25.5 °C)
refractive index: 1.4486 (estimate)
Flash point: 195 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: <0.1g/l
form: clear liquid
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Viscosity: 3.77mm2/s
Water Solubility: BRN: 1738382
InChIKey: CXUHLUIXDGOURI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 7.43 at 20℃

Tert-dodecanethiol has been used in a variety of scientific research applications, including the synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and other materials.
Tert-dodecanethiol has also been used as a surface modifier for gold nanoparticles, as a ligand for the immobilization of enzymes, as a ligand for the immobilization of proteins, and as a substrate for the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Additionally, Tert-dodecanethiol has been used in the study of protein-protein interactions and the development of biosensors.

A chain transfer agent is required in the manufacturing process of latex such as styrene-butadiene.
The chain transfer agent aids in polymerization to make products with the desired molecular distribution.
Chlorinated compounds such as carbon Tert-dodecanethiol and chloroform were previously used for this application, but due to their toxicity and adverse effects.

Due to environmental effects, Tert-dodecanethiol is no longer a practice to use the compounds mentioned in the production of latex used in the carpet and paper industries.
Instead, Tert-dodecanethiol is preferred to use Tert-dodecanethiol for the disclosed embodiments.
As a result of the worldwide demand for latex and the size of related industries, Tert-dodecanethiol has become a chemical of industrial importance.

From a manufacturing standpoint, Tert-dodecanethiol is a mixture of isomeric thiols produced from propylene tetramer oligomers or sometimes isobutylene trimer.
Propylene tetramer is produced by the oligomerization of propylene in the presence of a FriedelCrafts type catalyst such as sulfuric acid.
Tert-dodecanethiol is produced by passing hydrogen sulfide and propylene tetramer or isobutylene trimer over a catalyst such as boron trifluoride.

Because of the many permutations in the tetramer structure and hence the position of the -C=C- bond, the thiol group can occupy many different positions, resulting in a product mixture of isomers with average boiling points.
Tert-dodecanethiol is around 230°C. Recently, some concerns have also been raised regarding the accumulation of Tertiary resources.
The open literature contains little or no information on the analysis of Tert-dodecanethiol.

Tert-dodecanethiol is partly because the matrix can be quite complex.
An example would be a water-soluble emulsion polymer consisting of hundreds of components that can cause chromatographic interference.
Also, alkyl mercaptans such as Tert-dodecanethiol are difficult to analyze because their alkyl chains are C8 to C15 in size and cover a wide range of boiling points; The polarity of the individual components in Tert-dodecanethiol varies according to their degree.

In addition to the differences between the polarities and boiling points of the Tert-dodecanethiol components, The product may also contain some of the relatively non-polar, non-thiolated tetramer.
An internal method for the measurement of Tert-dodecanethiol has been developed, which involves the use of headspace gas chromatography in combination with flame photometric detection (FPD).
However, the method has limitations such as the competing vapor-liquid equilibrium of the solutes in the sample and the lack of linear dynamic range of the FPD.

As a result, a new chromatographic method is needed for the identification of the raw material of Tert-dodecanethiol, trend analysis and monitoring of the remaining material in the end products.
The new chromatographic method was developed with three adjuvants: (i) liquid-liquid extraction to extract Tert-dodecanethiol isomers from their respective matrices; (ii) Low thermal mass gas chromatography to provide flexibility in speciation of individual sulfur compounds or to combine individual sulfur compounds into a single latent peak with high temperature programming capability and peak compression to increase overall sample-to-sample yield; (iii) Dual plasma sulfur chemiluminescence detector (DP-SCD) offering the highest degree of selectivity for Tert-dodecanethiol isomers, equimolar response and a respectable linear dynamic range.

This report summarizes the method development and the analytical results obtained.
Tert-dodecanethiol has been shown to have a variety of biochemical and physiological effects.
In particular, Tert-dodecanethiol has been shown to increase the activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, which is involved in the breakdown of glucose.

Additionally, Tert-dodecanethiol has been shown to inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is involved in the breakdown of acetylcholine.
Tert-dodecanethiol has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
The use of Tert-dodecanethiol in lab experiments has several advantages.

Tert-dodecanethiol is relatively inexpensive and easy to obtain, and it is stable and non-toxic.
Additionally, Tert-dodecanethiol can be used to immobilize proteins and enzymes on a solid surface, allowing them to be used in a variety of applications.
However, there are some limitations to the use of Tert-dodecanethiol in lab experiments.

Tert-dodecanethiol is not very soluble in water, and it is also sensitive to light and air.
Tert-dodecanethiol can be used as a starting material in the synthesis of other organic compounds.
Chemists often utilize its thiol functional group to introduce dodecylthiol chains into molecules, making it a versatile building block in organic synthesis.

In polymer chemistry, Tert-dodecanethiol can serve as an inhibitor or chain transfer agent.
Tert-dodecanethiol can be added to control the molecular weight and properties of polymers during their synthesis.
In adhesive formulations, Tert-dodecanethiol can enhance the adhesion of the adhesive to various surfaces.

Tert-dodecanethiol is particularly useful in bonding applications where strong adhesion to metals or other substrates is required.
Thiols, including Tert-dodecanethiol, can act as antioxidants or stabilizers in certain formulations.
They help protect materials, such as polymers or rubber, from degradation due to oxidation and other environmental factors.

Thiols like Tert-dodecanethiol are sometimes used in the mining industry as flotation agents.
They help separate valuable minerals from gangue minerals by making the valuable minerals hydrophobic, causing them to adhere to air bubbles in flotation cells.
Thiols and sulfur-containing compounds like Tert-dodecanethiol have been subjects of extensive research in the field of sulfur chemistry.

They have unique reactivity patterns, and their study contributes to a deeper understanding of chemical reactions involving sulfur-containing functional groups.
Tert-dodecanethiol is often used as a compatibilizing agent in polymer blends.
Tert-dodecanethiolcan help improve the compatibility of two or more polymers when they are mixed together, leading to better physical properties in the resulting materials.

Some sulfur-containing compounds, including thiols, contribute to the aroma and flavor of certain foods and beverages.
While Tert-dodecanethiol is not commonly used in this context, understanding the chemistry of thiols is important for the flavor and fragrance industry.
In laboratory settings, Tert-dodecanethiol may be employed in experiments to study the reactivity of thiol functional groups or to investigate surface modification techniques.

Uses
Tert-dodecanethiol is used in the following products: polymers and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Tert-dodecanethiol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tert-dodecanethiol is used in the following areas: mining.

Tert-dodecanethiol is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, and rubber products.
Release to the environment of Tert-dodecanethiol can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.

Tert-dodecanethiol can be used as a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber, and synthetic resin; it is also used to produce polyvinyl chloride stabilizers, drugs, pesticides, fungicides, detergents, etc.
Tert-dodecanethiol is a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber.
Tert-dodecanethiol is especially commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.

Tert-dodecanethiol can reduce the branching degree of polymer chains and make the molecular weight distribution uniform.
Tert-dodecanethiol is often used as an intermediate for non-ionic surfactants and organic synthesis.
Tert-dodecanethiol is used to make fungicides, pesticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.

Tert-dodecanethiol can also be used as "golden water" and oil well acidifier in the ceramic industry; it is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in the polymerization process of styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, synthetic resin, etc.
Tert-dodecanethiol is frequently used in surface chemistry and materials science to create self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on surfaces.

SAMs are organized molecular structures formed by the adsorption of thiol molecules onto metal surfaces.
These monolayers can modify surface properties and are used in applications like sensors, lubrication, and corrosion protection.
Tert-dodecanethiol is utilized in nanoparticle synthesis as a capping agent or surface modifier.

Tert-dodecanethiol helps control the size, shape, and stability of nanoparticles during their formation.
Tert-dodecanethiol serves as a precursor or reagent in organic synthesis for the introduction of the dodecylthiol group into various organic compounds.
Tert-dodecanethiol is a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber.

Tert-dodecanethiol is especially used in the production of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.
Tert-dodecanethiol can reduce the degree of branching of the polymer chain and make the molecular weight distribution uniform.
Tert-dodecanethiol is often used as a nonionic surfactant.

Tert-dodecanethiol is used to manufacture fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricant additives, medicines, etc.
Tert-dodecanethiol is mainly used to adjust the molecular weight during the preparation of styrene-butadiene rubber, ABS resin and nitrile rubber, which can effectively reduce the branching degree of the polymer chain and make the molecular weight distribution Uniform; in addition, it can also be used as a stabilizer and antioxidant for the production of polyolefins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene; it can also be used to synthesize non-ionic surfactants, organic chemicals, fungicides, pesticides, lubricating oil additives, oilfield chemicals and medicines.

Tert-dodecanethiol is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber, especially commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin, which can reduce the branching degree of the polymer chain and make the molecular weight distribution uniform, often used as a nonionic surfactant and an intermediate in organic synthesis.
Tert-dodecanethiol is used in the manufacture of fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.

Tert-dodecanethiol can also be used as “gold water” in the ceramic industry and an acidifier for oil wells.
Tert-dodecanethiol is an intermediate in organic synthesis, used to manufacture drugs, pesticides, fungicides, rust inhibitors, lubricant additives, etc., and can also be used as “gold water” in the ceramic industry.
Tert-dodecanethiol is a relative molecular mass adjuster for the polymerization of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber, especially in the synthesis of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin by emulsion polymerization, which can reduce the branching degree of polymer molecular chains and make the relative molecular mass distribution uniform.

Tert-dodecanethiol is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in polymerization processes such as styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, and synthetic resin.
Tert-dodecanethiol is often used to modify the surface properties of materials.
When it forms self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on surfaces, it imparts hydrophobicity, making surfaces water-repellent.

This property is valuable in various applications, such as coatings and protective layers.
Tert-dodecanethiol is employed as a capping agent or surface modifier in nanoparticle synthesis, particularly for metal nanoparticles like gold and silver.
Tert-dodecanethiol helps control the size, shape, and stability of nanoparticles, making it useful in catalysis, sensors, and nanocomposite materials.

SAMs formed by Tert-dodecanethiol on metal surfaces act as barriers against corrosion.
They protect metal substrates from moisture and corrosive agents, reducing the rate of corrosion.
This is crucial in industries like aerospace and marine engineering.

Tert-dodecanethiol serves as a versatile chemical reagent in organic synthesis.
Tert-dodecanethiol can be used to introduce the dodecylthiol group into molecules, enabling the study of specific chemical reactions or modifying molecules for various purposes.
Tert-dodecanethiol enhances the adhesion of adhesives to various surfaces, especially metals.

This is valuable in bonding applications where strong adhesion is required, such as in automotive and construction industries.
In the mining industry, Tert-dodecanethiol can be used as a flotation agent to separate valuable minerals from gangue minerals.
By making the valuable minerals hydrophobic, it assists in their separation during flotation processes.

Thiols like Tert-dodecanethiol can act as antioxidants or stabilizers in formulations, protecting materials (e.g., polymers or rubber) from degradation due to oxidation and environmental factors.
Tert-dodecanethiols are utilized in analytical chemistry techniques, such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, as derivatizing agents to make certain analytes more amenable to analysis or detection.

Tert-dodecanethiol can be added as an inhibitor or chain transfer agent to control the molecular weight and properties of polymers during synthesis.
While not common for Tert-dodecanethiol, some sulfur-containing compounds contribute to the aroma and flavor of certain foods and beverages.
Tert-dodecanethiol understanding the chemistry of thiols is relevant in the flavor and fragrance industry.

Tert-dodecanethiol is used in laboratory experiments to study thiol reactivity, surface modification techniques, and other chemical reactions involving sulfur-containing compounds.
Tert-dodecanethiol may be used as a reference material for quality control purposes.
Tert-dodecanethiol can help assess the stability and shelf life of cosmetic products, especially those containing sulfur-containing compounds.

Tert-dodecanethiol, can be used in environmental remediation efforts.
They can assist in the removal or sequestration of heavy metals from contaminated soil or water by forming complexes with these metals.
Tert-dodecanethiol, have been explored as fuel additives to improve the stability and combustion characteristics of gasoline and diesel fuels.

Tert-dodecanethiol is often used in educational and research settings to demonstrate chemical principles, reactions involving thiol groups, and surface modification techniques.
Tert-dodecanethiol can serve as a valuable tool for teaching and experimentation.
In polymer science, Tert-dodecanethiol can be employed as a compatibilizing agent to improve the compatibility of different polymers when blended together.

This enhances the physical properties of the resulting materials.
Tert-dodecanethiol is used in the formulation of hydrophobic coatings for a variety of applications, including protecting surfaces from moisture, corrosion, and environmental damage.
Tert-dodecanethiol may be used as a finishing agent to enhance the water-repellent properties of fabrics or textiles.

Tert-dodecanethiol can be applied to paper or cardboard packaging materials to make them more resistant to moisture and improve their durability.
Tert-dodecanethiol is sometimes used as an additive in plastic formulations to modify the surface properties of plastic products, making them more resistant to water and other environmental factors.
Tert-dodecanethiol can be used as a precursor or as part of a chemical mixture to deposit thin films or coatings on surfaces, altering their properties.

Tert-dodecanethiol may be used in studies related to drug formulation and delivery, as well as in research involving sulfur-containing compounds.
Tert-dodecanethiol have been investigated for their potential use as fuel cell catalysts and for their ability to modify electrode surfaces in fuel cell technology.

Safety Considerations:
Tert-dodecanethiol, are known to have strong odors and can be irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract.
Proper safety precautions, including good ventilation and the use of personal protective equipment, are recommended when handling this compound.

Tert-dodecanethiol has a strong, unpleasant odor, and exposure to its vapors or direct contact with the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes can cause irritation.
This may lead to symptoms such as eye and skin irritation, redness, itching, and discomfort.
Inhalation of Tert-dodecanethiol vapors or aerosols can irritate the respiratory tract, leading to symptoms like coughing, shortness of breath, and respiratory discomfort.

Tert-dodecanethiol is important to work with this compound in a well-ventilated area or use appropriate respiratory protection if necessary.
Direct skin contact with Tert-dodecanethiol can cause irritation and may lead to dermatitis or skin sensitization in some individuals.
Tert-dodecanethiol is essential to wear appropriate protective clothing and gloves when handling this substance.

Contact with the eyes can cause eye irritation, redness, and discomfort.
Safety goggles or a face shield should be worn to protect the eyes when working with Tert-dodecanethiol.

Ingesting Tert-dodecanethiol is not a common exposure route, but it can be harmful if swallowed.
Tert-dodecanethiol is essential to avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where this substance is being handled, and to wash hands thoroughly after working with it to prevent accidental ingestion.

Storage:
Tert-dodecanethiol should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from sources of heat and open flames.
Tert-dodecanethiol should also be stored in containers designed for chemical storage to prevent leaks or spills.

Synonyms
tert-Dodecylmercaptan
TERT-DODECANETHIOL
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
t-Dodecanethiol
Sulfole 120
t-DDM
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
t-Dodecylmercaptan
CCRIS 6030
G00MDQ58TB
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan [Czech]
DTXSID1025221
EINECS 246-619-1
BRN 1738382
NCGC00091163-03
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
tert-Lauryl Mercaptan
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
TERT-DODECYL THIOL
T-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
UNII-G00MDQ58TB
DTXCID905221
SCHEMBL3332338
CHEMBL1325985
YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Tox21_400018
AKOS015900250
LS-1066
n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-(3-pyridinyl)urea
NCGC00091163-01
NCGC00091163-02
NCGC00091163-04
CAS-25103-58-6
EC 246-619-1
3-01-00-01794 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Q2405872

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is not soluble in water and slightly soluble in light alcohols
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is soluble in styrene and most organic solvents.

CAS NUMBER: 25103-58-6

EC NUMBER: 246-619-1

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C12H26S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 202.40 g/mol

IUPAC NAME: 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in the manufacture of fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan can also be used as "gold water" in the ceramic industry and an acidifier for oil wells.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan appears as a colorless liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is colorless oil liquid, and diffuses foul smell.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, gasoline and other organic solvents and esters.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is mainly used as molecular weight modifier.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is an intermediate in organic synthesis, used to manufacture drugs, pesticides, fungicides, rust inhibitors, lubricant additives, etc.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan can also be used as "gold water" in the ceramic industry.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a relative molecular mass adjuster for the polymerization of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber, especially in the synthesis of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin by emulsion polymerization, which can reduce the branching degree of polymer molecular chains
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan makes the relative molecular mass distribution uniform.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in polymerization processes such as styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, and synthetic resin.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in the following products:
-polymers
-pH regulators
-water treatment products

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a colourless liquid organic compound, with a characteristic odour.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used as an intermediate and a chain transfer agent.
Products containing Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan are commercially available to industrial customers only.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in lubricant intermediates to produce additives as well as final components to improve lubricant performance in base oils and metal working fluids.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a main component to produce metallic decoration (inks) for food packaging (porcelain, ceramics glass).
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is also a lubricant additive used to improve lubricant performance in base oils and metal working fluids.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a chain transfer agent used mainly in cold radical polymerization processes.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used to control the molecular weight in the manufacturing of butadiene & styrene based processes such as butadiene latex (SBL) & synthetic rubbers (e-SBR and NBR), ABS, polystyrene (PS) and styrene varnishes.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan can also be used in the polymerization of various monomers, such as vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used as a chemical intermediate in various syntheses: extreme pressure additives, fragrances, non-ionic surfactants and fungicides.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is an organosulfur compound
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan's molecular formula is C12H25SH.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan's freezing point is -7 ℃

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a colorless liquid with a strong sulfur odor.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a member of the thiol family of compounds, which are characterized by the presence of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in a variety of scientific and industrial applications, including the synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and other materials.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used as a chain transfer agent in the manufacturing process of styrene/butadiene latex for use in carpet and paper industries

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used as an intermediate
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used as a process regulator

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan can be used as an additive to lubricants.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan appears as a colorless liquid

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan has a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan's boiling point is 227-248 ℃
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan's relative density is 0.8450(20/20 ℃)

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used as a chain transfer agent in the manufacturing process of styrene/butadiene latex for use in carpet and paper industries.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan has recently become a significant industrial chemical because of its use as a chain transfer agent in the manufacture of latex.

As an agent, Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan helps in the polymerization of the end products.
This role used to be given to chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and other compounds of chlorine.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan's refractive index is 1.4589
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan's flash point is 90 ℃

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used as an intermediate, as a process regulator, and as an additive to lubricants.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in polymers and pH regulators

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan has an industrial use resulting in the manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in mining.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in the manufacture of chemicals and rubber products.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is soluble in methanol, ether, acetone, benzene, gasoline and acetate
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is insoluble in water.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

-Molecular Weight: 202.40 g/mol

-XLogP3-AA: 4.8

-Exact Mass: 202.17552200 g/mol

-Monoisotopic Mass: 202.17552200 g/mol

-Topological Polar Surface Area: 1Å²

-Physical Description: Pellets or Large Crystals

-Density: 858 kg/m3

-Viscosity: 36 mPa.s (cP)

-Flash point: 97 °C

-Vapour pressure: 0.03 mbar (hPa)

-Vapour pressure: 0.8 mbar (hPa)

-Refractive index: 1.461

-Boiling point: 233°C

-Melting point: < -30°C

-Decomposition temperature: 350°C

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan appears as a colorless liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is colorless oil liquid, and diffuses foul smell.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

-Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1

-Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1

-Rotatable Bond Count: 3

-Heavy Atom Count: 13

-Formal Charge: 0

-Complexity: 176

-Isotope Atom Count: 0

-Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

-Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

-Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

-Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is mainly used as molecular weight modifier.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in water treatment products

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan has a characteristic odour.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used as a chain transfer agent.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in lubricant intermediates
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a chain transfer agent used mainly in cold radical polymerization processes.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan can also be used in the polymerization of various monomers
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is an organosulfur compound

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is a colorless liquid
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is commonly used as a chain transfer agent

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan can be used as an additive to lubricants.
As an agent, Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan helps in the polymerization of the end products.

Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used a an additive to lubricants.
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is used in pH regulators
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan is soluble in acetone and benzene

SYNONYMS:

TERT-DODECANETHIOL
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
t-Dodecanethiol
Sulfole 120
t-DDM
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
t-Dodecylmercaptan
G00MDQ58TB
DTXSID1025221
NCGC00091163-03
CCRIS 6030
tert-Lauryl Mercaptan
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
EINECS 246-619-1
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
BRN 1738382
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
TERT-DODECYL THIOL
T-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
UNII-G00MDQ58TB
DTXCID905221
SCHEMBL3332338
CHEMBL1325985
Tox21_400018
AKOS015900250
n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-(3-pyridinyl)urea
NCGC00091163-01
NCGC00091163-02
NCGC00091163-04
CAS-25103-58-6
EC 246-619-1
Q2405872
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
2-methylundecane-2-thiol
dodecane-1-thiol
Dodecyl mercaptan
TDM
TDM (tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan)
tert-Dodecanethiol
2-Methylundecane-2-thiol
2-Undecanethiol, 2-methyl-
2-Nonyl-2-propanethiol
2-Methylundecyl-2-thiol
tertiary dodecyl mercaptan
2-methyl-2-undecanethiol
2-methyl-undecane-2-thiol
SCHEMBL21128
1,1-Dimethyl-decyl-mercaptan
SCHEMBL564605
C12H26S
DTXSID00143406
1,1-Dimethyldecyl hydrosulfide
ZINC597503
tert-dodecanethiol
Tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecanthiol
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
tert-Dodecyl Mercaptan (mixture of isomers)
TDM
TDDM
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-dodecylmercaptan
Tert-dodecyl mercaptan
dodecanethiol, mixed isomers
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
tert-Dodecanethiol (mixture of isomers)
t-dodecanethiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-4-heptanethiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentaméthyl-4-heptanethiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethyl-4-heptanthiol
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane-4-thiol
25103-58-6
296-714-7
4-Heptanethiol, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl-
MFCD00043233
tert-Dodecylmercaptan
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecanethiol (mixture of isomers)
TERT-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
tert-dodecylthiol

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a clear white to pale yellow liquid with a repulsive odor.

CAS Number: 25103-58-6
EC Number: 246-619-1
Linear Formula: C12H25SH
Molecular Formula: C12H26S

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a clear white to pale yellow liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is clear white to light yellow liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is clear light brown liquid with a stench.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a chemical compound from the group of thiols.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is one of the important varieties of mercaptan series products, mainly used to regulate molecular weight during the preparation of styrene butadiene rubber, ABS resin, and nitrile rubber.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can effectively reduce the branching degree of polymer chains and ensure uniform molecular weight distribution.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is one of the important varieties of mercaptan series products.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is mainly used to adjust the molecular weight during the preparation of styrene-butadiene rubber, ABS resin and nitrile rubber, which can effectively reduce the branching degree of the polymer chain and make the molecular weight distribution Uniform.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a clear white to pale yellow liquid with a repulsive odor.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is compound from the group of thiols.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is insoluble in water.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan generates heat and in many cases hydrogen gas and possibly hydrogen sulfide with these materials.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan may liberate hydrogen sulfide upon decomposition or reaction with an acid.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is incompatible with oxygen.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents .
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan may be sensitive to heat.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is colorless or pale yellow liquid.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used Chain Transfer Agents, Chemical Synthesis, Plastic, Resin & Rubber, Polymers.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used in the following products: polymers and pH regulators and water treatment products.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used in the following products: polymers and pH regulators and water treatment products.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used in the following areas: mining.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, and rubber products.

Release to the environment of Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.
Release to the environment of Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used in the polymers industry and as a process regulator.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used to make large scale and fine chemicals, rubber products, processing aids (i.e. pH regulators, flocculants, and precipitants), polymers, lubricants, and in mining.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used as a synthetic chemical.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used primarily as a molecular weight regulator in polymerizations used, in particular for free-radical polymerizations of vinylic monomers such as of butadiene, styrene, carboxylated styrene, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, acrylic esters, vinyl ethers or their mixtures, wherein particularly the emulsion in water.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is especially used in the production of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can reduce the degree of branching of the polymer chain and make the molecular weight distribution uniform.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is often used as a nonionic surfactant.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used organic synthesis intermediates.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used to manufacture fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricant additives, medicines, etc.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can also be used as ~~"golden water~~" in the ceramic industry and acidizing agent for oil wells; it is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in the polymerization process of styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, synthetic resin, etc.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fibers, especially used in the manufacturing of styrene butadiene rubber and ABS resin.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can reduce the branching degree of polymer chains and achieve uniform molecular weight distribution.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is commonly used as a non ionic surfactant and an intermediate in organic synthesis.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used to manufacture fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can also be used as a “golden water” for the ceramic industry and an oil well acidified.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is the best relative molecular weight regulator and chain transfer agent in the polymerization process of styrene butadiene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, synthetic resin, etc.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene (SB latex, SB rubber, ABS...)
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene (SB latex, SB rubber, ABS...)
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber, especially commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a polymerization regulator of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin and synthetic fiber, especially commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin, which can reduce the branching degree of the polymer chain and make the molecular weight distribution uniform, often used as a nonionic surfactant and an intermediate in organic synthesis.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan uses and applications include: Chain transfer agent in SB and nitrile rubber production; modifier in polymerization reactions, especially for SBR, NBR; reducing initiator; in food packaging adhesives.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used in the manufacture of fungicides, insecticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can also be used as “gold water” in the ceramic industry and an acidifier for oil wells.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is an intermediate in organic synthesis, used to manufacture drugs, pesticides, fungicides, rust inhibitors, lubricant additives, etc., and can also be used as “gold water” in the ceramic industry.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a relative molecular mass adjuster for the polymerization of synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, and synthetic fiber, especially in the synthesis of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin by emulsion polymerization, which can reduce the branching degree of polymer molecular chains and make the relative molecular mass distribution uniform.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in polymerization processes such as styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, and synthetic resin.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used predominantly as a molecular weight regulator in manufacturing of butadiene and styrene-based polymers.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is especially commonly used in the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber and ABS resin.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can reduce the branching degree of polymer chains and make the molecular weight distribution uniform.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is often used as an intermediate for non-ionic surfactants and organic synthesis.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used to make fungicides, pesticides, rust inhibitors, lubricating oil additives, drugs, etc.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can also be used as "golden water" and oil well acidifier in the ceramic industry.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is the best relative molecular mass regulator and chain transfer agent in the polymerization process of styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, synthetic resin, etc.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used Chain Transfer agent in polymerization to produce ABS, SBR, SB-Latex.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used Extreme pressure additives for gear oils, greases, and metal working fluids.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used Corrosion inhibitor for lubrication oil.

The chain length regulator in the emulsion polymerization, Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can be used in the polymerization of various monomers such as vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used as molecular weight regulator and chain-transfer agent in polymerization process of synthetic rubber, synthetic resins and synthetic fibers,especially used for styrenebutadiene rubber, NBR, ABS resin.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is often used as Intermediate of nonionic surfactant and organic synthesis.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used to producing Fungicides, insecticides, rust-preventing agent, lubricant additives, drugs,etc.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is used as Acidification of oil well

In addition, Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can also be used as a stabilizer and antioxidant for the production of polyolefins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and polypropylene.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can also be used to synthesize non-ionic surfactants, organic chemicals, fungicides, pesticides, lubricating oil additives, oilfield chemicals and medicines.

Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can be used as a polymerization regulator for synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber, and synthetic resin.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is also used to produce polyvinyl chloride stabilizers, drugs, pesticides, fungicides, detergents, etc.

MARKETS CASE OF TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
*Coatings
*Adhesives
*Sealants & Elastomers
*Chemical & Materials Manufacturing

FUNCTIONS of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is one of the important varieties of mercaptan series products, mainly used to regulate molecular weight during the preparation of styrene butadiene rubber, ABS resin, and nitrile rubber.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan can effectively reduce the branching degree of polymer chains and ensure uniform molecular weight distribution.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is a colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid.
Freezing point -7 ℃, boiling point 227-248 ℃,165-166 ℃(5.19kPa), relative density 0.8450(20/20 ℃), refractive index 1.4589, flash point 90 ℃.
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan is soluble in methanol, ether, acetone, benzene, gasoline and acetate, insoluble in water.
Is the best relative molecular weight regulator and chain transfer agent in the polymerization process of Styrene Butadiene Rubber, Nitrile Rubber, synthetic resin and so on.

PREPARATION of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
12 grams of water and 40 grams of dodecene were introduced into the plant through a funnel.
After the factory is sealed, the reaction mixing pump is put into operation (speed: 2800min-1), and then the entire pumping cycle system (including the pump head) manufactured in the jacket design is restored to the initial temperature.

The reaction is started by gradually injecting the first 10 bar of carbon dioxide, and then gradually injecting 20 bar of hydrogen sulfide gas to a total pressure of about 30°C. 31 bar.
During the experiment, the H2S feed of the reactor system was kept open so that the amount of reacted hydrogen sulfide could be replenished into the reaction system.

During the next 2 hours, the mixture was uniformly heated to 60°C. After another 3 hours, all dissolved gas components are removed from the biphasic liquid sample by decompressing at the discharge valve and further heating to 100°C.
The composition of the organic liquid phase (upper phase) is analyzed by gas chromatography, and it is possible to distinguish the reactants (olefins), the main products (Tert-Dodecylmercaptan), and the minor components (thioethers).

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING:
Tert-Dodecylmercaptan, obtained by tetramerization of propylene, reacts with hydrogen sulfide at about 20℃ for 2h in the presence of aluminum trichloride catalyst.
The molar ratio of hydrogen sulfide is the amount of dodecene 1.5 times the amount of aluminum trichloride and 2.5% of dodecene.

The reaction product is separated, pickled, washed with hot water, and dried to obtain t-dodecanethiol.
In production, hydrogen sulfide can be generated by the action of saturated sodium sulfide solution and 20% sulfuric acid.
Raw material consumption quota: crude decaene (boiling range 180-208℃) 1100kg/t, aluminum trichloride 123kg/t, sodium sulfide (60%) 1220kg/t, sulfuric acid (92.5%) 1270kg/t.

PRODUCTION METHOD of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
the dienes [112-41-4] obtained by propylene tetropolymerization react with hydrogen sulfide at about 20 ℃ for 2 hours in the presence of aluminum trichloride catalyst.
The dosage of hydrogen sulfide is 1.5 times that of dienes according to molar ratio, and the dosage of aluminum trichloride is 2.5% to that of dienes.

The reaction product is separated, pickled, washed with hot water, and dried to obtain tert.
Hydrogen sulfide in production can occur by the interaction of saturated sodium sulfide solution with 20% sulfuric acid.
Raw material consumption quota: crude decene (boiling range 180-208 ℃)1100kg/t, aluminum trichloride 123kg/t, sodium sulfide (60%)1220kg/t, sulfuric acid (92.5%)1270kg/t.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
CAS Number: 25103-58-6
Molecular Weight: 202.40
Beilstein: 1738382
EC Number: 246-619-1
Molecular Weight: 202.40 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 4.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 202.17552200 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 202.17552200 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 1Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 176
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: clear, liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: Stench.
Melting point/freezing point
Melting point/range: < -20 °C at 1.013 hPa
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 227 - 248 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 95 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 2,55 mPa.s at 40 °C
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 0,2 hPa at 25 °C - Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Annex, A.4
Density: 0,86 g/cm3 at 20 °C - lit.
Relative density: 0,858 at 20 °C - Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008, Annex, A.3
Particle characteristics: No data available

Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Molecular Weight： 202.4
Exact Mass： 202.175522
EC Number： 246-619-1
HScode： 29309070
PSA： 38.80000
XLogP3： 5.46
Appearance： White to yellow liquid.
Density： 0.855 g/cm3
Melting Point： -7.5°C
Boiling Point： 160-193 °C
Flash Point： 195 °F
Refractive Index： 1.456
Water Solubility： H2O: Storage Conditions： Store below +30°C.
Vapor Pressure： 1.33 hPa (25.5 °C)
Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colourless to almost colourless
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Assay (GC) (mixture of Isomers): min. 98.5%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C: 0.840-0.860
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.460-1.461

Boiling Point: 240-242°C
Cas No: 25103-58-6
Molecular Formula: C12H26S
Molecular Weight: 202.40
Appearance: Colorless or light yellow liquid
Assay: % ≥98.5
Melting point: -7.5°C
Boiling point: 227-248 °C (lit.)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 sum of isomers
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 0.85900 @ 25.00 °C.
Boiling Point: 210.00 to 212.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 0.257000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 156.00 °F. TCC ( 68.89 °C. )
logP (o/w): 5.617 (est)
Soluble in: alcohol, water, 0.2801 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in: water
Structural Formula: C12H25SH
CAS: 25103-58-6
Colorless oily liquid, foul odor, freezing point -7 °C,
boiling point: 200-235 °C (atmospheric pressure), 165-166 °C (5199, 5Pa),
explosion range:0.7-9.1% (V/V),

flash point 129 °C,
viscosity 5.3 centipoise,
specific gravity d20/40.854,
insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene,
gasoline and esters and other organic solvents.
appearance: colorless or light yellow liquid
purity, %: ≥ 98.0
refractive index, n20/D: 1.4526~1.4600
density at 25 °C, g/ml: 0.845~0.860
boiling point, °C:230-238
Flashpoint, °F: >230Solubility
Molecular Formula: C12H26S
Molar Mass: 202.4
Density: 0.839g/cm3
Melting Point: -7.5℃
Boling Point: 212°C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 68.8°C
Water Solubility: Solubility: <0.1g/l
Vapor Presure: 0.257mmHg at 25°C
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Refractive Index: 1.454
Density: 0.8±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 218.8±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg

Melting Point: -7.5°C
Molecular Formula: C12H26S
Molecular Weight: 202.400
Flash Point: 72.6±18.6 °C
Exact Mass: 202.175522
PSA: 38.80000
LogP: 5.46
Vapour Pressure: 0.2±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction: 1.456
Water Solubility: Melting point: -7.5°C
Boiling point: 227-248 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.86 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
vapor pressure: 1.33 hPa (25.5 °C)
refractive index: 1.4486 (estimate)
Flash point: 195 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: <0.1g/l
form: clear liquid
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Viscosity: 3.77mm2/s
Water Solubility: BRN: 1738382
InChIKey: CXUHLUIXDGOURI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 7.43 at 20℃

FIRST AID MEASURES of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Foam Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
-Control parameters:
Ingredients with workplace control parameters
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

SYNONYMS:
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecylmercaptan
TERT-DODECANETHIOL
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
t-Dodecanethiol
Sulfole 120
t-DDM
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
t-Dodecylmercaptan
CCRIS 6030
G00MDQ58TB
DTXSID1025221
EINECS 246-619-1
BRN 1738382
NCGC00091163-03
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
tert-Lauryl Mercaptan
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
TERT-DODECYL THIOL
T-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
UNII-G00MDQ58TB
DTXCID905221
SCHEMBL3332338
CHEMBL1325985
YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Tox21_400018
AKOS015900250
LS-1066
n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-(3-pyridinyl)urea
NCGC00091163-01
NCGC00091163-02
NCGC00091163-04
CAS-25103-58-6
EC 246-619-1
3-01-00-01794 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Q2405872
Decanethiol, 9,9-dimethyl-
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
Sulfole 120
t-DDM
terc.Dodecylmerkaptan
tert-Dodecylthiol
t-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
t-Dodecylmercaptan
tert-Dodecyl thiol
tert-Lauryl mercaptan
Tert-dodecanethiol
TERTIARY DODECYLMERCAPTAN
TDM
UN3082
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-Dodecyl mercaptan
tert-Dodecyl thiol
Sulfole 120
t-DDM
tert-Lauryl mercaptan
TDM
90501-34-1
119147-91-0
1971112-70-5
tert-Dodecanethiol (mixture of isomers)
tert-Lauryl Mercaptan (mixture of isomers)
SULFOLE 120
T-DDM
T-DODECANETHIOL
T-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
TERT-DODECANETHIOL
TERT-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
TERT-DODECYL THIOL
TERT-DODECYLMERCAPTAN
TERT-DODECYLTHIOL
TERT-LAURYL MERCAPTAN
t-Dodecyl mercaptan
t-Dodecanethiol
t-Dodecylthiol
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
TDM
dodecanethioltertiaire
sulfole120
t-ddm
terc.dodecylmerkaptan
2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
tert-dodecylthiol
TDM
TDDM
tert-Dodecanethiol
tert-dodecylmercaptan
Tert-dodecyl mercaptan
dodecanethiol, mixed isomers
2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol
tert-Dodecanethiol (mixture of isomers)
TDM
Dodecanethiol
TERT-DODECANETHIOL
TERT-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
T-DODECANETHIOL;2,3,3,4,4,5-Hexamethyl-2-hexanethiol
tert-Dodecanet
dodecanethioltertiaire
Tert-Dodecyl Mercaptane
tert-Dodecylmercaptan (mixture of isomers)
TERT-DODECYL MERCAPTAN
TERT-DODECANETHIOL (MIXTURE OF ISOMERS)
TERT-DODECYLTHIOL

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is odorless, colorless liquid.

CAS Number: 75-91-2
EC Number: 200-915-7
MDL number: MFCD00002130
Linear Formula: (CH3)3COOH
Molecular Formula : C4H10O2

SYNONYMS:
TBHP, 1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide, 2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane, 2-Methylpropane-2-peroxol, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tbhp, t-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-butylhydroperoxide, perbutyl h, t-butylhydroperoxide, cadox tbh, hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl hydroperoxide, terc. butylhydroperoxid, TBHP, T-Hydro, T-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE, Trigonox, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, 2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane, butylhydroperoxide, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide Solution, tertiary-, Butylhydroperoxid, Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl, Cadox TBH, Perbutyl H, 2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane, 1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide, tert-C4H9OOH, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl, Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire, Slimicide DE-488, Terc. butylhydroperoxid, Trigonox A-75, TBHP-70, Trigonox A-W70, t-Butylhydroperoxide, Aztec t-butyl Hydroperoxide-70, Aq, Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide, T-Hydro, TBHP, Tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide, NSC 672, 1,1-Dimethylethyl hydroperoxide, 1,1-Dimethylethylhydroperoxide, 2-Hydroperoxy-2-methylpropane, Cadox TBH, DE 488, DE-488, Hydroperoxide, 1,1-dimethylethyl, Hydroperoxide, tert-butyl, Hydroperoxyde de butyle tertiaire [French], Perbutyl H, Slimicide, Slimicide DE-488, T-Butyl hydroperoxide, TBHP-70, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide, Trigonox A-W70, t-Butylhydroperoxide, tert-Butyl hydrogen peroxide, tert-Butylhydroperoxide, [ChemIDplus] UN3109,

The increasing demand for Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as a curing agent is one of the major trends being witnessed in the.
A curing agent is a substance that Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is mainly used to harden a surface or a layer.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is odorless, colorless liquid.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, like the Halcon process.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution.
Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents.
Overall, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)'s solutions in organic solvents are highly stable.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) has a role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidising agent.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a watery odorless colorless liquid.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) floats and mixes slowly with water.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is water soluble.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used chemical Synthesis, Industrial Chemicals, Catalysts, Oxidizer, Polymers.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used as a chemical intermediate, a curing agent for polyesters, and a catalyst for polymerization.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is also used for bleaching and deodorizing.

A polymerization initiator, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used to produce specialty chemicals in closed systems.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), an organic peroxide, finds extensive utility in numerous oxidation processes.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), characterized by its tert-butyl alkyl group, serves as a versatile tool in diverse oxidation reactions.

With its dual role as an antibacterial agent and an oxidizing agent, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) offers a broad range of applications.
Notably, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) has been observed to play a significant role in peroxynitrite-dependent PC12 cell necrosis, a process associated with the peroxidation of membrane lipids and the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition.

In this context, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) acts as a promoter, facilitating the development of the aforementioned cell necrosis through its involvement in oxidative processes.
This diverse range of functions highlights the multifaceted nature of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and its potential contributions to various biological and chemical processes.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an excellent curing agent, and it is applied on a polymeric surface to facilitate higher bonding of the molecular components of a material.
The stronger the molecular bonds, the higher the strength and hardness of the material.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is highly used as a curing agent for thermoset resins, coatings, and specialty monomers, and these substances are effectively used in end-use industries such as automotive, aviation, and building and construction.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Release to the environment of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used in the following products: polymers.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates) and as processing aid.

Release to the environment of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Industrially, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used to prepare propylene oxide.
In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction:
(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3

The byproduct t-butanol can be dehydrated to isobutene and converted to MTBE.
On a much smaller scale, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is primarily used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.
Other uses of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) are for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and metallic and sulfur compounds.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.

Furthermore, Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.

SYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTION OF TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
Many synthetic routes are available, e.g. by the auto-oxidation of isobutane.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a water-white liquid commonly commercially available as a 70% solution in water; 80% solutions are also available.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) vapor can burn in the absence of air and may be flammable at either elevated temperature or at reduced pressure.
Closed containers may generate internal pressure through the degradation of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) to oxygen.
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a highly reactive product.

PRODUCTION METHODS OF TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygen or by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide.

Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride.
The manufacturing process of Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is in a closed system.

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
The general mechanism of transition metal-catalyzed oxidative Mannich reactions of N, N-dialkyl anilines with Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant consists of a rate-determining single electron transfer (SET) that is uniform from 4-methoxy- to 4-cyano-N, N-dimethylanilines.

The tert-butylperoxy radical is the major oxidant in the rate-determining SET step that is followed by competing backward SET and irreversible heterolytic cleavage of the carbon–hydrogen bond at the α-position to nitrogen.

A second SET completes the conversion of N, N-dimethylaniline to an iminium ion that is subsequently trapped by the nucleophilic solvent or the oxidant prior to the formation of the Mannich adduct.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
CAS Number: 75-91-2
Molecular Weight: 90.12
Beilstein: 1098280
MDL number: MFCD00002130
PubChem Substance ID: 24869433
Physical state: Liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 43 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity: No data available

Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0.808 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive
Oxidizing properties: None
Other safety information: No data available
Physical Properties:
Boiling point: 37 °C (20 hPa)
Density: 0.94 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Flash point: 38 °C
Melting Point: -3 °C

Vapor pressure: 232 hPa (60 °C)
Refractive Index: 1.3870 (20 °C)
Solubility: 130 - 150 g/l
Chemical Properties:
Chemical formula: C4H10O2
Molar mass: 90.122 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 0.935 g/mL
Melting point: −3 °C (27 °F; 270 K)
Boiling point: 37 °C (99 °F; 310 K) at 2.0 kPa
Solubility in water: Miscible
log P: 1.23
Acidity (pKa): 12.69
Basicity (pKb): 1.31
Refractive index (nD): 1.3870

Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): −294±5 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): 2.710±0.005 MJ/mol
Melting Point: -2.8°C
Color: Colorless
Density: 0.9400g/mL
Boiling Point: 37.0°C (15.0 mmHg)
Flash Point: 43°C
Packaging: Plastic Can
Linear Formula: (CH3)3COOH
Refractive Index: 1.3860 to 1.3880
Quantity: 10 kg
Beilstein: 01,IV,1616
Fieser: 01,88; 02,49; 03,37; 05,75; 06,81; 07,43; 08,62; 09,78; 10,64
Merck Index: 14,1570

Formula Weight: 90.12
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
Melting point: -2.8 °C
Boiling point: 37 °C (15 mmHg)
Density: 0.937 g/mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 62 mmHg at 45 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.403
Flash point: 85 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
pKa: pK1: 12.80 (25°C)
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless
Water Solubility: Miscible
LogP: 1.230 (est)

FIRST AID MEASURES of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,2 mm
Break through time: 60 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature:
2 - 8 °C

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TERTIARY BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE (TBHP):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan TDM (Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan) is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene (SB latex, SB rubber, ABS...) Chemical name : tert-dodecanethiol Common name : TDM Properties Density (20°C): 858 kg/m3 Viscosity (20 °C): 36 mPa.s (cP) Flash point (closed cup): 97 °C Vapour pressure (20°C): 0.03 mbar (hPa) Vapour pressure (50°C): 0.8 mbar (hPa) Refractive index (20°C): 1.461 Boiling point: 233°C Melting point < -30°C Decomposition temperature: 350°C SOLUBILITY Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan is not soluble in water, slightly soluble in light alcohols and soluble in styrene and most organic solvents. In the process of manufacturing latex such as styrene-butadiene, a chain transfer agent is required. The chain transfer agent assists in the polymerization to make products of the desired molecular distribution. Previously, chlorinated compounds such as carbon tetrachloride and chloroform have been used for this application, but because of their toxicity and negative environmental effects, it is no longer a practice to employ said compounds for the manufacturing of latex used for the carpet and paper industries. Instead, use of tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (TDM) is preferred for the applications described. As a result of the world demand for latex and the magnitude of the associated industries, Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan has become a chemical of industrial significance. From a manufacturing standpoint, Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is a mixture of isomeric thiols produced from oligomers of propylene tetramer or sometimes, isobutylene trimer. Propylene tetramer is produced by oligomerization of propylene in the presence of a FriedelCrafts type catalyst such as sulfuric acid. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is produced by passing hydrogen sulfide and either propylene tetramer or isobutylene trimer over a catalyst such as boron trifluoride. Because of the fact that there are many permutations of the tetramer structure, and hence the location of the –C=C– bond, the thiol group can be located in many different positions, resulting in a product mixture of isomers with an average boiling point range around 230°C. Recently, there has also been some increased concerns regarding to the accumulation of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in the environment. The open literature contains little to no information on the analysis of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. This is partly due to the fact that the matrix can be quite complex. An example would be water soluble emulsion polymer, comprizing hundreds of components which can cause chromatographic interference. Also, alkyl mercaptans such as Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan are difficult to analyze due to reasons such as the alkyl chains are C8 to C15 in size and cover a wide range of boiling points, the polarity of the individual components in Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan varies with the degree of thiolation, the location of the R-SH moiety. In addition to the differences in polarity and boiling points of the Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan components, the product can also contain a fraction of relatively non-polar, non-thiolated tetramer. For the measurement of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, an internal method involves the use of headspace gas chromatography in combination with flame photometric detection (FPD) had been developed. The method, however, has its constraints, including competing vapour–liquid equilibrium of solutes in the sample and the lack of linear dynamic range of the FPD. As a result, a new chromatographic method is required for raw material identification of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, for trend analysis, and for the monitoring of residual material in the final products. The new chromatographic method was developed with three enablers: (i) Liquid–liquid extraction to remove Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan isomers from their respective matrices; (ii) Low thermal mass gas chromatography to deliver the flexibility of either speciation of individual sulfur compounds, or peak compression to combine individual sulfur compounds into one discreet peak with high temperature programming capability and to improves overall sample to sample throughput; (iii) Dual plasma sulfur chemiluminescence detector (DP-SCD) to offer the highest degree of selectivity for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan isomers, equi-molar response and a respectable linear dynamic range. This report summarizes the method development and analytical results obtained. The total sulfur approach In the total sulfur approach, the separation power of the column is compressed by operating the column at an elevated temperature. The rationale of this approach is that because all the isomers of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan are compressed into one discreet, Gaussian peak, in theory, the sensitivity of the method can be improved and since chromatographic separation is not required, shorter analytical time can be attained. The downside, however, is if there is any sulfur containing compounds in the sample retainable by the chromatographic column, it will also be measured as Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. Method optimization involved selecting the appropriate operating temperature for the analytical column to obtain a symmetric peak for reliable quantitative work. Peak symmetry quality was compared between maintaining the column temperature isothermally versus a slight temperature program. Comparison of performance between the two approaches In terms of precision, as stated earlier for the speciated method, the distribution of individual isomers of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan between 3.5 and 6.0 min was integrated, whereas for the total method, the discreet peak representing Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was integrated. Standards containing 1000 ppm (v/v) of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in iso-octane were used for the evaluation. A relative standard deviation of 2.5% (n = 20) was obtained for the speciated method while a relative standard deviation of 3.9% (n = 10) was obtained for the total sulfur method. The results obtained were tabulated in Table I. In terms of linearity, over the range from 1 ppm to 1000 ppm (v/v) Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan, correlation coefficients R2 of 0.9994 and of 0.9995 were obtained for the speciated and the total sulfur method, respectively. The detection limit for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan by the total sulfur method was found to be 0.5 ppm (v/v) Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan whereas 1.0 ppm (v/v) for the speciated method as shown in Figures 11 and 12. Table II shows a comparison of five iso-octane extract samples containing Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. It was found the results obtained were comparable amongst the two methods; despite there is a trend that the Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan results obtained by the total sulfur method is consistently elevated as shown in Figure 13. Some plausible explanations for this bias include the samples might have a different distribution of isomers than Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan used for calibration, or more of the Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is detected in the samples as isomers are thermally band compressed into a much shorter peak width than classical method. Nevertheless, the results obtained show that the concept of tracking for the presence of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan by measuring its sulfur content and associated retention time range in the speciated method or by measuring its sulfur content alone can be employed for the material identification, trend monitoring, or the measurement of residual Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in various matrices. If a high degree of accuracy is required, the results obtained by using said techniques must be compared to other assaying techniques. Conclusions A gas chromatographic technique has been successfully developed for the measurement of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan based on its sulfur content for raw material identification, trend analysis, or for the measurement of un-reacted material in the final products. The method employs LTM-GC offering the flexibility either for speciation of individual sulfur compounds or delivering peak compression to combine individual sulfur compounds into one discreet peak without changing of hardware, and a DP-SCD to attain a high degree of sensitivity and selectivity. Using the technique described, a detection limit in the range of 0.5 ppm (v/v) Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan with less than 1 min analysis can be achieved. Response is linear over four orders of magnitude with a high degree of repeatability of less than 5%. Physicochemical Information Boiling point 233 °C (1013 hPa) Density 0.856 g/cm3 (20 °C) Flash point 98 °C Ignition temperature 350 °C Melting Point -45 °C Vapor pressure 1.33 hPa (25.5 °C) Solubility <0.1 g/l Evaluation Summary Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan (tert-dodecyl mercaptan, TDM) is a transitional ‘existing’ substance which was discussed by the former EU PBT Working Group on a number of o c c a si on s . As a result of these discussions the substance was included in Regulation (EC) No. 465/2008 of 28th May 2008, which required industry to conduct an enhanced biodegradation test and fish bioconcentration study and submit the results by November 2009. The data were provided in January 2013. Based on the available information, TDM does not meets the Annex XIII criteria for either a ‘persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic’ (PBT) or a ‘very persistent and very bioaccumulative’ (vPvB) substance in the environment. A recent paper by Comber and Thomas (2013) provided by the registrant suggests that the water solubility of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan could be lower than given in the registration dossier. The Comber and Thomas (2013) paper refers to a water solubility for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan of 0.00393 mg/l obtained in a slow-stir water solubility study. Details of the new water solubility test (Baltussen, 2013) have recently been provided in a robust study summary. The study was a GLP compliant OECD Guideline 105 study using the slow-stirring method. The substance tested had an analytical purity of 99.1%. The test was carried out by preparing triplicate samples in double distilled water at 19.9±0.4°C and stirring at 40 rpm. At various time points samples were taken, centrifuged and prepared for analysis, taking care to avoid volatilisation of the test substance (no further details of how this was achieved are given). The concentration of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was determined by a validated analytical method involving derivatisation followed by analysis using HPLC/MS/MS (this was presumably a similar method to that discussed in relation to the biodegradation and bioaccumulation data). The pH of the water was in the range 6.5 to 7.1 throughout the test. Samples were analysed at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours. For the first three samples the concentration was found to increase slightly with time (0.00139 mg/l at 24 hours, 0.00174 mg/l at 48 hours and 0.00217 mg/l at 72 hours). For the latter three sampling times the concentration was found to be more stable, although the maximum difference in the concentration at the three sampling points was >15%. The concentrations measured were 0.00467 mg/l at 96 hours, 0.00415 mg/l at 120 hours and 0.00296 mg/l at 144 hours. The test report concluded that the variability in the results at these sampling points probably reflected the difficulties in accurately determining very low concentrations of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan rather than a continuing increase in the amount of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan dissolved (in fact the concentrations declined slightly with time during this phase). The water solubility was therefore determined to be 0.00393 mg/l based on the mean concentration measured between 96 hours and 144 hours. The robust study summary gives the study a reliability of 2 (reliable with restrictions) as the maximum difference between the measured concentrations at the last three sampling points was >15%. The eMS agrees with this reliability rating and also considers it likely that the variability seen in the measurements reflects the difficulties in measuring low concentrations of this substance rather than a continuing increase in the amount dissolved at the later sampling points. Therefore the actual water solubility of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan can be taken to be around 0.00393 mg/l (3.93 µg/l) at 20°C. Comber and Thomas (2013) estimated a log Kow value for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan of 7.43 using a validated QSAR based on this water solubility. A Robust Study Summary and details of the QSAR used have been made available to the eMS. The linear regression model was proprietary and was developed using confidential data sets (details of these were not given), but it was reported that the substance fell within the applicability domain of the QSAR. It should be noted, however, that the types of chemical used to train the model did not appear to specifically contain thiols (although it is not possible to be certain about this as the specific substances used were not given). The applicability of this method to thiols has since been demonstrated for a set of four thiols (primary and secondary), although the log Kow values of these were lower than for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (experimental log Kow values of the validation set were between 1.5 and 3.7) (personal communication to the evaluating Member State, 6th December 2013). A further measured water solubility value for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is reported in EA (2005). The water solubility was determined to be 0.25 mg/l at 20°C and the study used a nonguideline protocol (simple flask method) but was carried out according to GLP. This value was used in the EA (2005) assessment but only limited details are available (the registrants do not have access to the study) for this study and so the reasons for the discrepancy between this value and the value of 0.00393 mg/l given above are currently unknown2. The physico-chemical properties of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan have also been reviewed by EA (2005) and the data presented there are generally consistent with those from the registration dossier but, apart from the water solubility, the main exception is the vapour pressure, which is given as 4 hPa (400 Pa) at 20oC in EA (2005) based on a non-GLP study conducted according to Method A4 of Directive 92/69/EEC. The test report was not available for review by EA (2005) and the registrants do not have access to the study, so the influence of volatile impurities in the test substance is not known. The value for the vapour pressure reported in EA (2005) is twenty times higher than the value reported in the registration dossier and the reasons for this discrepancy have not been investigated in detail for this evaluation. However, it is relevant to note that EA (2005) estimated a Henry’s law constant for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan of around 3.24×105 Pa m3 /mole at 20oC based on the water solubility and vapour pressure (EA (2005) assumed a water solubility of 0.25 mg/l for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan) and commented that this was higher than the Henry’s law constant estimated using the bond contribution method in EPIWIN of 5,900 Pa m3 /mole at 25°C. When the vapour pressure (20 Pa at 25 oC) and water solubility (0.21-0.28 mg/l at 25oC) given in the registration dossier are used to estimate the Henry’s law constant the value obtained is in the region of 14,490- 19,230 Pa m3 /mole at 25oC which is in closer agreement with the EPIWIN estimate than obtained using a vapour pressure of 400 Pa. When the more recent and lower water solubility value (0.00393 mg/l) is considered the Henry’s law constant can be estimated as around 1.03×106 Pa m3 /mole at 25°C using a vapour pressure of 20 Pa (and assuming the change in water solubility with temperature is minor between 20 and 25°C) or 2.06×10 7 Pa m3 /mole at 20°C using a vapour pressure of 400 Pa. The various estimates of Henry’s law constant, along with the equivalent dimensionless Henry’s law constants (Kaw) are summarised in Table 3. Clearly there is a wide range of values that can be estimated for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. The values all suggest that volatilisation from water to air will be an important process in the environmental distribution of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. The significance of the range of estimates in relation to longrange transport potential is considered in Section 3.3. Based on the currently available data the best estimate of the log Kaw is probably 2.62 based on the vapour pressure of 20 Pa at 25°C given in the registration dossier and the recent water solubility determination of 0.00393 mg/l at 20°C. Oxidation EA (2005) considered that, although abiotic degradation of thiols to disulfides or sulfonic acids by oxidation is reported in the literature, the significance of this process for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in the environment was unknown. The registration dossier gives the results of a preliminary oxidation test carried out using the OECD 111 method (reliability rating 2). This test was considered a supporting study in the registration dossier. The Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan tested was a commercial sample with a purity of 99.3%. The test was carried out using both algal culture medium (prepared in accordance with the OECD 201 test guideline) with a pH of 8 and also buffer solution with a pH of 7. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was added to the media at 10 mg/l and incubated for up to 150 days at 20°C either under aerated (aerobic) conditions or nonaerated (anaerobic) conditions. A co-solvent (acetonitrile) at 10% v/v was used to maintain the substance in solution. The primary degradation of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was followed by parent compound analysis. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was found to degrade slowly under the aerated conditions, with a half-life of approximately 150 days in both algal medium and pH 7 buffer. Under non-aerated conditions the half-life for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was found to be approximately 30 days in algal medium and 100 days in pH 7 buffer. Analyses were also carried out for di-tert-dodecyl disulphide, the anticipated oxidation product of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. This was detected at a concentration of 0.2-0.3 mg/l in the non-aerated algal medium experiment but was at or below the limit of quantification (~0.1 mg/l) in the other experimental systems. It was concluded that the levels of ditert-dodecyl disulphide found did not account fully for the level of degradation of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan seen implying that degradation mechanisms other that oxidation may also be occurring. It was also concluded in the registration dossier that the 30 day half-life measured in the non-aerated algal medium was probably falsely short owing to poor agreement between replicates for the later samples and that overall this test shows that Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan can be degraded slowly in solution but the route/mechanism of degradation is uncertain. When considering this test, it should be noted that Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is relatively volatile (vapour pressure 20 Pa at 25° C). The full test report of the study indicates that precautions were taken to avoid potential loss from volatilization (use of sealed vials and sampling via septa). Therefor it is unlikely that volatile loss would have contributed significantly to the removal of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan seen. The other point worth noting is that, although the test was carried out using 10% v/v of acetonitrile as a cosolvent, the concentration of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan used (10 mg/l) is well above the recently determined water solubility of 0.0039 mg/l. The solubility of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in an acetonitrile:water mixture is unknown but it is possible that not all of the Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan would have been in solution in this test. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that oxidation of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in the environment is likely to be only a minor loss process. Screening tests A modified OECD 310 Test Guideline ready biodegradability test has been carried out with Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (Davis et al., 2009). The test material used was a commercial sample with a purity of 99.9% and the test was carried out in accordance with GLP.The substance was added to the test system coated on silica gel (as an inert support) in order to maximise its availability to the microbial inoculum in accordance with the ISO 10634 (1995) guidance. Two loading rates were used in the study. A nominal loading rate of 20.5 µmoles Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan/g silica gel (4.15 mg Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan/g) was firstly prepared by adding the test substance directly to the silica gel in a sealed bottle under argon atmosphere and mixing for three days. A nominal loading of 2.05 µmoles Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan/g silica gel was then prepared by mixing 1.1 g of the treated silica gel with 10.3 g of unspiked silica gel followed by mixing for 1 day. The loading rates, and uniformity of the spiked samples were confirmed by analysis of triplicate samples immediately after preparation of the silica gel and after preparation of the test microcosms (the mean loading rates determined were 16.9 µmol/g and 1.70 µmol/g at the two loading rates, respectively). The inoculum used in the study was derived from activated sludge mixed liquor collected from a municipal waste water treatment plant treating predominantly domestic waste water (>90% from domestic sources). The mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentration of the activated sludge was 1,230 mg/l and appropriate volumes were added to mineral salts medium to give a nominal MLSS concentration in the test microcosm of either 30 mg/l or 4 mg/l4. The tests were carried out using a series of sealed 160 ml glass serum bottles containing 75 ml of mineral salts media inoculated with MLSS at either 4 or 30 mg/l and containing Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (adsorbed onto silica gel) at a nominal concentration of either 2 µM (~0.4 mg/l) or 20 µM (~4 mg/l). The 2 µM concentration was around twice the estimated water solubility for Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (given as 1.4 µM, which is equivalent to a water solubility of 0.28 mg/l (the estimated water solubility given in the registration dossier). As discussed in Section 1.5 a much lower water solubility of 0.0039 mg/l has recently become available and so the 2 µM treatment may have been as much as 100 times higher, and the 20 µM treatment as much as 1,000 times higher than the actual water solubility of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. The significance of the new water solubility on the bioavailability of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan in this study is unclear but it is possible that the bioavailability may still have been limited even though the substance was adsorbed onto silica gel. Viability controls (containing 25 mg/l of aniline and MLSS), toxicity controls (containing MLSS and both aniline and Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan) and inoculum blanks (containing MLSS only) were also prepared. In addition abiotic controls (containing heat sterilized MLSS and Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan) were also prepared in order to assess abiotic loss of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. The tests were carried out at 20°C. The degradation was followed by monitoring the disappearance of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan at various time periods (primary degradation). For this, replicate bottles (two or three per time point) were extracted with acetonitrile for 3 hours on a rotary shaker and the concentration of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan determined. In addition, the formation of carbon dioxide (mineralization) was also determined at certain time points. The degradation of aniline was determined based on dissolved organic carbon measurements. The concentrations of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan measured in the experiments using an initial Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan concentration of 20 µM are summarized in Table 5. The carbon dioxide measurements taken during the study indicated that little or no mineralization of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan was occurring. About Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan Helpful information Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 per annum. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Consumer Uses ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is most likely to be released to the environment. Article service life ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is most likely to be released to the environment. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed. Widespread uses by professional workers ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or in which chemical products the substance might be used. ECHA has no public registered data on the types of manufacture using Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan. ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is most likely to be released to the environment. Formulation or re-packing Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is used in the following products: polymers and pH regulators and water treatment products. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates). Release to the environment of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures. Uses at industrial sites Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is used in the following products: polymers and pH regulators and water treatment products. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates). Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is used in the following areas: mining. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and rubber products. Release to the environment of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid. Manufacture Release to the environment of Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance. Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is used in lubricant intermediates to produce additives as well as final components to improve lubricant performance in base oils and metal working fluids Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is a mixture of tertiary mercaptans, predominantly tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (thus the source for its acronym TDM). This product contains highly branched C12H25 alkyl mercaptan isomers, produced by the addition of hydrogen sulfide to propylene tetramer. It is used as a chemical intermediate to introduce bulky C12H25 alkyl-thio substituents into chemical substances. Its major use is as a chain transfer agent to control molecular weight of polymeric systems undergoing free-radical polymerization. Physical state : Liquid Color : Colorless Odor : Repulsive Flash point : 98 - 110 °C Oxidizing properties : no Autoignition temperature : 198 - 230 °C Thermal decomposition : 149 °C Molecular formula : C12H26S Molecular weight : 202,44 g/mol pH : Not applicable Melting point/range -16 °C Boiling point/boiling range : 233 °C Vapor pressure : 4,00 Paat 24 °C Relative density : 0,86 at 16 °C Water solubility : 0,00393 mg/l Method: OECD Test Guideline 105 Partition coefficient: noctanol/water: Pow: 7,43 at 20 °C Viscosity, dynamic : 2,6 cP at 20 °C Relative vapor density : 3 (Air = 1.0) Evaporation rate : < 1 Primary Chemistry: Sulfole® 120 Features & Benefits Sulfolane 120 (+b) Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is a main component to produce metallic decoration (inks) for food packaging (porcelain, ceramics glass). Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan is also a lubricant additive used to improve lubricant performance in base oils and metal working fluids. Last but not least, it is a chain transfer agent in process where control of molecular weigh is critical from Polymer Modifiers in paint and coatings for emulsion polymerization, adhesives (pressure sensitive adh. for labeling) and surfactants & emulsifiers. Markets Automotive and transportation Polymer and rubber Chemical and plastics industry Polymer engineering Packaging and Paper Paper Paper and board Rigid packaging Specialty paper Paint, coatings and adhesives Acrylic resins Applications Chain transfer agent TDM (Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan) is commonly used in the manufacturing process of polymers based on butadiene and styrene (SB latex, SB rubber, ABS...) INDUSTRIAL USE of Tertiary Dodecyl Mercaptan Intermediaries Lubricants and Oil Additives Process regulators Automotive and Transportation Oil additive: to produce final components as well as final components to improve lubricant performance in fatty acids and metalworking fluids We supply a variety of chemicals used in lubricant intermediates. Polymers and rubber applications Normal (n-) dodecylmercaptan is used as reagents in the synthesis of antioxidants that minimize the unwanted effects of processes such as thickness balancing. dodecyl mercaptan, 1-dodecanethiol, lauryl mercaptan, NDDM, CAS # 112-55-0) are used. Consumer uses Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere Help on calculated properties New window Property name Property value Reference Molecular weight 202.4 g / mol calculated by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) XLogP3-AA 4.8 calculated by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Number of hydrogen bond donors 1 calculated by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Number of hydrogen bond acceptors 1 calculated by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Number of rotary links 3 calculated by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Exact mass 202.175522 g / mol calculated by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Monoisotopic mass 202.175522 g / mol calculated by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Topological polar surface 1 Å² calculated by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18) Number of heavy atoms 13 calculated by PubChem Formal load 0 calculated by PubChem Complexity 176 calculated by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem version 2019.06.18) Number of isotopic atoms 0 calculated by PubChem Defined number of atomic stereocenters 0 calculated by PubChem Undefined atomic stereocenter number 0 calculated by PubChem Defined number of bond stereocenters 0 calculated by PubChem Number of undefined binding stereocentre 0 calculated by PubChem Number of covalently bound units 1 calculated by PubChem The compound is canonized Yes Building materials, flooring Materials for flooring (carpet, wood, vinyl flooring) or related to flooring such as wax or floor varnish General manufacturing information Processing sectors of the industry All other basic organic chemical manufacturing Manufacture of paints and coatings Plastic and resin manufacturing Synthetic rubber manufacturing Tertiary dodecyl mercaptan (tertiary dodecyl mercaptan) is commonly used as a chain transfer agent in the manufacturing process of styrene / butadiene latex for use in the carpet and paper industries. A technical gas chromatography has been successfully developed for the measurement of tertiary dodecyl mercaptan based on its sulfur content for material identification, trend analysis, or for monitoring unreacted residual material in finished products. The process uses low thermal mass gas chromatography (LTM-GC) and dual plasma sulfur chemiluminescence detector (DP-SCD) to achieve a high degree of sensitivity and selectivity. Using the described technique, a detection limit of between 0.5 ppm (v / v) tertiary dodecyl mercaptan and less than 1 minimum analysis time can be achieved. The response is linear over four orders of magnitude with a high degree of repeatability less than 5% RSD.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine, also known as trientine (INN) when used medically, is an organic compound with the formula [CH2NHCH2CH2NH2]2.
The pure freebase, Teta / Triethylenetetramine, is a colorless oily liquid, but, like many amines, older samples assume a yellowish color due to impurities resulting from air-oxidation.

CAS Number: 112-24-3
EC Number: 203-950-6
Linear Formula: (H2NCH2CH2NHCH2)2
Chemical formula: C6H18N4

N1,N1′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)di(ethane-1,2-diamine), N,N'-Bis(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, TETA, trien, trientine (INN), trientine dihydrochloride, MK-0681, TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE, trientine, 112-24-3, Trien, Triethylene tetramine, Tecza, TETA, 1,2-Ethanediamine, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-, DEH 24, Araldite hardener HY 951, Araldite HY 951, 1,4,7,10-Tetraazadecane, 1,8-Diamino-3,6-diazaoctane, Trientina, Trientinum, triethylene tetraamine, N,N'-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, Trethylenetetramine, 3,6-Diazaoctane-1,8-diamine, N,N'-Bis(2-aminoethyl)ethylenediamine, triethylenetetraamine, NSC 443, Syprine,
2,2,2-tetramine, HY 951, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine, CCRIS 6279, HSDB 1002, Ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-, N'-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine, EINECS 203-950-6, UNII-SJ76Y07H5F, MFCD00008169, Trientine [INN], BRN 0605448, SJ76Y07H5F, DTXSID9023702, CHEBI:39501, AI3-24384, N,N-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-diaminoethane, EPH 925, Tomography, x-ray computed trientine, CHEMBL609, (2-aminoethyl)({2-[(2 aminoethyl)amino]ethyl})amine, DTXCID503702, 4-04-00-01242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), NCGC00091695-01, NCGC00091695-03, 1,2-Ethanediamine, N1,N2-bis(2-aminoethyl)-, N1,N1'-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)diethane-1,2-diamine, CAS-112-24-3, Rutapox VE 2896, UN2259, RT 1AX, TETA (crosslinking agent), triene, Trientene,
1,6-diazaoctane, 3,8-diamine, VE 2896, TRIENTINE [MI], 1,7,10-Tetraazadecane, TRIENTINE [VANDF], N1,N2-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, bmse000773, Texlin 300 (Salt/Mix), TRIENTINE [WHO-DD], 3,6-Diazaoctanethylenediamin, SCHEMBL15439, WLN: Z2M2M2Z, BIDD:ER0303, BIDD:GT0014, NSC443, SCHEMBL6423840,
A16AX12, TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE [HSDB], n,n'-bis(aminoethyl)ethylenediamine, STR03562, n,n'-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethanediamine, Tox21_111162, Tox21_201066, BDBM50323751, N,N'-Di(2-aminoethyl)ethylenediamine, AKOS006223906, Tox21_111162_1, Triethylenetetramine (Technical Grade), Triethylenetetramine, >=97.0% (T), DB06824, Ethylenediamine,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-, NCGC00091695-04, NCGC00258619-01, BP-30180, Ethanediamine, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-, SBI-0206814.P001, Triethylenetetramine, technical grade, 60%, NS00001757, T0429, Triethylenetetramine [UN2259], C07166, EN300-651158, N,N'-BIS-(2-AMINOETHYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE,
AB00573244_07, N,N''-Bis-(2-amino-ethyl)-ethane-1,2-diamine, Q418386, J-018026, N,N''-BIS(2-AMINOETHYL)-1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE, W-109064, 105821-86-1,
TETA, Trientine, TRIEN, triethylentetramine, TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE (TETA), 3,6-Diazaoctanethylenediamin, N1-[2-(2-Amino-ethylamino)-ethyl]-ethane-1,2-diamine, TECZA, hy951, deh24, 1,4,7,10-Tetraazadecane, 1,8-Diamino-3,6-diazaoctane, 3,6-Diazaoctane-1,8-diamine, DEH 24, N,N'-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethanediamine, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(aminoethyl)ethylenediamine, Tecza, TETA, Trien, Trientine, Triethylenetetraamine, TRIETHYLENE TETRAMINE, TETA, N1,N2-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, 1,2-Bis(2-aminoethylamino)ethane, TETA, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-ethylenediamine, N,N'-Bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, 1,8-Diamino-3,6-diazaoctane, 3,6-Diazaoctane-1,8-diamine, 1,4,7,10-Tetraazadecane, Tecza, Trien, Trientine, N,N'-bis(aminoethyl)ethylenediamine, DEH 24, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)ethanediamine, Triethylenetetraamine, Triethylenetetramine.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a mixture of four TETA ethyleneamines with close boiling points including linear, branched and two cyclic molecules.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in polar solvents.
The branched isomer tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and piperazine derivatives may also be present in commercial samples of Teta / Triethylenetetramine.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine, also known as trientine, is a potent and selective copper (II)-selective chelator.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a structural analog of linear polyamine compounds, spermidine and spermine.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine was first developed in Germany in 1861 and its chelating properties were first recognized in 1925.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a colorless to light-yellow liquid containing linear, branched and cyclic molecules.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine appears as a yellowish liquid.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is less dense than water.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine's Vapors are heavier than air.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in detergents and in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a polyazaalkane that is decane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogen.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine has a role as a copper chelator.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a tetramine and a polyazaalkane.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine, also known as trientine, is a potent and selective copper (II)-selective chelator.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a structural analog of linear polyamine compounds, [spermidine] and [spermine].
Teta / Triethylenetetramine was first developed in Germany in 1861 and its chelating properties were first recognized in 1925.
Initially approved by the FDA in 1985 as a second-line treatment for Wilson's disease, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is currently indicated to treat adults with stable Wilson’s disease who are de-coppered and tolerant to [penicillamine].

Teta / Triethylenetetramine has been investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of heart failure in patients with diabetes.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a Copper Chelator.
The mechanism of action of Teta / Triethylenetetramine is as a Metal Chelating Activity, and Copper Chelating Activity.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine, also known as trientine (INN) when used medically, is an organic compound with the formula [CH2NHCH2CH2NH2]2.
The pure freebase, Teta / Triethylenetetramine, is a colorless oily liquid, but, like many amines, older samples assume a yellowish color due to impurities resulting from air-oxidation.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine has a ring structure containing long branched chains.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is an organic compound.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in polar solvents.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is triethylenetetramine acts as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine also functions as a corrosion inhibitor, surfactant and mineral processing aid.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is compatible with polyamides.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a cross sensitivity is possible with diethylenetriamine and diethylenediamine.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a corrosive liquid.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a polyazaalkane that is decane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogens.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine has a role as a copper chelator.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a tetramine and a polyazaalkane.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a yellowish liquid.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in detergents and in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is Non flammable.
Triethylenetetramine (TETA), is colorless volatile liquid with ammonia odor, boiling point 272ºC.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine possesses branched long chains with a cyclic structure and is an organic compound.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in polar solvents.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H18N4.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a derivative of ethylenediamine, an amino-functional alkane.
Therefore, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is obtained from the reaction of ethylenediamine and ammonia.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a versatile chemical used in various industries.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is short for Triethylenetetramine, which belongs to aliphatic amines.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a medium viscosity, slightly yellow transparent liquid at room temperature.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine has a pungent ammonia odor, low volatility, strong alkali corrosiveness, and is flammable in case of high temperature or open fire.

After contact with air or high temperature, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is easy to oxidize and deepen in color, and it can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the air when placed openly.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a colorless aliphatic amine liquid that contains branching, cyclic, and linear molecules.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a premier epoxy curing agent that accelerates the curing process and can produce durable coatings in adhesives, composites, and coatings.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is also called trientine (INN), is an organic compound with the formula [CH2NHCH2CH2NH2]2.

This oily liquid, Teta / Triethylenetetramine, is colorless but, like many amines, assumes a yellowish color due to impurities resulting from air-oxidation.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in polar solvents.
The branched isomer tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and piperazine derivatives may also be present in commercial samples of Teta / Triethylenetetramine.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a moderately viscous, yellowish liquid, less volatile than diethylenetriamine, but resembles it in many other properties.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in water.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is an oily liquid, with yellowish hue due to impurities.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine melts at 12 °C and boils at 280 °C.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine's formula is H2N-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-NH2.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution, as well as other polar solvents.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a mixture of four TETA ethyleneamines with close boiling points including linear, branched and two cyclic molecules.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is soluble in polar solvents.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a cross sensitivity is possible with diethylenetriamine and diethylenediamine.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is mainly used in the manufacture of fuel oil additives, lubricating oil additives and epoxy curing agents.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is also used in the production of asphalt
additives.

Initially approved by the FDA in 1985 as a second-line treatment for Wilson's disease, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is currently indicated to treat adults with stable Wilson’s disease who are de-coppered and tolerant to penicillamine.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine has been investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of heart failure in patients with diabetes.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is widely distributed in tissues, with relatively high concentrations measured in liver, heart, and kidney.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is prone to accumulation in certain tissues.
In healthy adult volunteers receiving oral capsules of Teta / Triethylenetetramine, the apparent volume of distribution of steady state was 645 L.

The hydrochloride salts are used medically as a treatment for copper toxicity.
The hydrochloride salt of Teta / Triethylenetetramine, referred to as trientine hydrochloride, is a chelating agent that is used to bind and remove copper in the body to treat Wilson's disease, particularly in those who are intolerant to penicillamine.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine was approved for medical use in the United States in November 1985.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used for asphalt additives, mineral processing aids, corrosion inhibitors, polyamide resins, epoxy curing agents, surfactants, hydrocarbon purification, textile additives, lube oil and fuel additives.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is an oral copper chelating agent used to treat Wilson disease.
As curing agent of epoxy resin, Teta / Triethylenetetramine can cure epoxy resin at room temperature, and can also be used to produce modified curing agent and polyamide curing agent.

As solvent and organic intermediate, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in the production of gas purifier, lubricating oil additives, emulsifiers, surfactants, fabric finishing agent, ion exchange resin, metal chelating agent, brightener, polyamide resin, etc.
Some recommend trientine as first-line treatment, but experience with penicillamine is more extensive.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine can also be used for metal chelating mixture, complexing agent, alkaline gas dehydrating agent, sulfur rubber vulcanizing agent, electroplating diffuser, etc.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as a softener in the textile industry.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used together with epoxies in the paint and coating industry.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in the paper industry.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as a lubricant.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in epoxy resin production processes.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine can be used in composites.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as a polymer and resin modifier.

The shelf life of Teta / Triethylenetetramine is 24 months.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used Epoxy Resin Curing Agents, Oil Additives, Paper Additives (Modifying Agents), Polyamide Resins, and Surface-active Agents.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine serves as a cross-linking agent in resin, paint, and ink production.
Additionally, Teta / Triethylenetetramine’s used as a catalyst in petroleum refineries, a flocculation agent in water treatment, a surfactant in metal processing, and a corrosion inhibitor.

Industries Using Triethylenetetramine (TETA): Teta / Triethylenetetramine finds versatile use across various industries, including:
Chemical industry: Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in the production of various chemicals such as resins, varnishes, and paints.
Oil industry: Teta / Triethylenetetramine serves as an intermediate for lubrication, emulsion stabilization, and formulation of oil products.

Mining industry: Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as a frothing agent in mineral flotation.
Pharmaceutical industry: Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as an intermediate in the production of certain drugs.
Water treatment industry: Teta / Triethylenetetramine is utilized for heavy metal removal and water softening in water treatment processes.

Other industries: Teta / Triethylenetetramine is also used in the paper, textile, and rubber industries.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine’s widespread applications have established it as a common chemical in various industries.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used Bitumen Chemicals, Corrosion Inhibitors, Epoxy Curing Agents, Industrial Surfactants, Lube Oil and Fuel Additives, Mineral Processing Aids, and Other applications.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as an amine hardener in epoxy resin of the bisphenol A type.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in synthesis of detergents, softeners, and dyestuffs; manufacture of pharmaceuticals; vulcanization accelerator of rubber; thermo setting resin; epoxy curing agent; lubricating-oil additive; analytical reagent for Cu, Ni; chelating agent; treatment of Wilson's disease.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is undergoing trials for the treatment of heart failure in patients with diabetes.
In addition to being used as a high boiling point solvent, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is often used in the preparation of epoxy curing agents, and can also be used in the production of solvents, complexing agents and polyamide resins and ionic resins.

Synthetic resin is used as curing agent of epoxy resin in industry and Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used for manufacturing polyamide resin and ion exchange resin.
The rubber industry, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used to manufacture rubber accelerators.

Electroplating industry, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used for the manufacture of non - cyanide plating diffusion agent and brightener.
Oil refining industry, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as dispersant for oil purification.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used complexing agent, detergent, softener, dye synthesis, rubber promoter, gas dewatering and purifying agent.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as complexing reagent, alkaline gas dehydrating agent, dye intermediate, resin solvent and rubber accelerator.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used Synthesis of pharmaceuticals, Production of complex chemicals, and Various research applications.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is also used as a corrosion inhibitor that forms a protective coating to metals.

Moreover, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is also used as fuel additive enhancing the combustion efficiency while reducing emissions providing a sustainable solution.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine has similar activity and uses to ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine finds use as a crosslinker (hardener) in epoxy curing, as an intermediate in the synthesis of cellulose chemicals and paper auxillaries, and in lube oil and fuel additives.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is primarily used as a hardener in epoxy resins.

Other uses of Teta / Triethylenetetramine include detergents and softening agents, synthesis of dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and rubber accelerators.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a versatile product extensively used in various industries.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine exhibits high purity (98%) and offers a wide range of applications.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a mixture of four TETA ethyleneamines with close boiling points including linear, branched and two cyclic molecules.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine's versatility extends beyond its core applications.
In the catalysis production industry, Teta / Triethylenetetramine aids in enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Teta / Triethylenetetramine serves as a building block in synthesizing various compounds.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine effectively tackles corrosion in adhesives and sealants and controls metal ions in lubricants, amplifying their lubricity.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a selective CuII-chelator; crosslinking agent.

The structural make-up of Teta / Triethylenetetramine, with its repeating pattern of ethylene and nitrogen atoms, allows it to form coordination complexes with numerous metal ions.
This property adds value to chemical reactions and industrial processes by stabilizing and enhancing the performance of metal-based catalysts.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used Asphalt Additives, Corrosion Inhibitors, Epoxy Curing Agents, Fabric Softener, Fuel Additives, Hydrocarbon Purification, Ion Exchange Resins, Lube Oil Additives, Paper Wet-Strength Resins, Petroleum Production Chemicals, Polyamide Resins, Mineral Processing Aids, and Surfactants.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used as epoxy curing agents, lubricant oil dispersants, wet strength resins and oil drilling aids as viscosity modifiers and emulsifiers.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine has similar reactivity and uses as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine, with applications in epoxy curing.

Its main application is as a crosslinking agent and curing agent in epoxy resin systems, where Teta / Triethylenetetramine improves the material's mechanical and thermal characteristics.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used in textiles as a crosslinking agent to give specific fiber and fabric types increased strength and chemical resistance.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used synthesis of detergents, softeners, dyestuffs; manufacture of pharmaceuticals; vulcanization accelerator of rubber; thermosetting resin; epoxy curing agent; lubricating oil additive; analytical reagent for Cu, Ni; chelating agent; and treatment of Wilson's disease.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used Synthesis of pharmaceuticals, Production of complex chemicals, and Various research applications.

-Epoxy uses of Teta / Triethylenetetramine:
The reactivity and uses of Teta / Triethylenetetramine are similar to those for the related polyamines ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is primarily used as a crosslinker ("hardener") in epoxy curing.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine, like other aliphatic amines, react quicker and at lower temperatures than aromatic amines due to less negative steric effects since the linear nature of the molecule provides it the ability to rotate and twist.

-Industrial Applications of Teta / Triethylenetetramine:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine finds extensive use in the chemical industry as a chelating agent and intermediate in synthesizing various compounds.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is employed in producing epoxy curing agents, fuel additives, and oilfield chemicals.
Additionally, Teta / Triethylenetetramine serves as a corrosion inhibitor and flocculating agent.

KEY FEATURES OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
*High Purity:
At 98%, Teta / Triethylenetetramine ensures reliable and consistent performance in its various applications.
*Chelating Properties:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine's robust chelating properties make it an essential component in the formulation of metal complexing agents.
*Complexing Properties:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine's ability to form stable complexes with a wide array of metals enhances its use in many industrial processes.
*Versatile Applications:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine finds applications in chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, adhesives and sealants, lubricants, and more.
*Hydrate Form:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is available in the form of a hydrate, improving stability and ease of handling.
Unleash the Power of Teta / Triethylenetetramine in Various Industries

MARKETS INSIGHTS OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
The Global Teta / Triethylenetetramine Market size was estimated to be USD 35.37 million in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 50.83 million by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 5.78% from 2023 to 2030.
Within the larger chemical industry, the Teta / Triethylenetetramine Market is a specialist segment that concentrates on the manufacturing, distribution, and application of triethylenetetramine, a critical and adaptable substance.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a transparent, low-viscosity liquid.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is often referred to as TETA.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is categorized as an ethyleneamine family-related organic chemical.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a tetraamine due to its distinct chemical structure, which consists of four amino groups.
Its unique composition adds to its multifunctional qualities, which make Teta / Triethylenetetramine useful for a range of industrial applications.
The Teta / Triethylenetetramine Market serves a variety of sectors, including textiles, oil & gas, adhesives, and coatings.

Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a crucial ingredient in the adhesive and coatings industry, contributing to the formulation of epoxy-based adhesives and coatings that offer improved adhesion and durability.

PHYSICAL DETAILS AND PROPERTIES OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a clear, viscous liquid with unique amine properties.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine exhibits excellent solubility in water and organic solvents.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is sourced from reputable manufacturers, guaranteeing superior purity and consistent performance.

METHODS OF PRODUCTION OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is produced through the reaction between ethylenediamine and acetaldehyde.
The process yields a highly stable and pure Teta / Triethylenetetramine product.

MARKETS OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
*Aerospace, Marine and Automotive
*Construction and Housing
*Consumer Electronics
*Industrial Cleaners and Preservants
*Mining
*Road Construction

HOW IS TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE PRODUCED?
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is produced by reacting ethylenediamine (ETA) with ammonia (NH3).
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is used for various purposes in multiple industries.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is obtained through the combination of ethylenediamine and ammonia under controlled temperature and pressure conditions.

First, ethylenediamine and ammonia combine, and then this compound is transformed into Teta / Triethylenetetramine by removing hydrogen.
The chemical equation for this reaction is as follows:
C2H4(NH2)2 + 4NH3 → (CH2)2(NH)4 + NH3

This process is conducted on an industrial scale and often begins with the hydrochloric acid salt of ethylenediamine.
Alternatively, Teta / Triethylenetetramine can also be produced through the reaction between ethylenediamine and aziridine.
However, this method is less common due to higher cost.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is hygroscopic, corrosive, and has a strong ammoniacal odor.
With water a crystalline hydrate is formed.

Like DETA, Teta / Triethylenetetramine is completely miscible with water and many polar organic solvents, but less so with lipids; with CCl4 a violent reaction occurs.
Teta / Triethylenetetramine's four pKa values are 3.32, 6.67, 9.20, and 9.92.
Technical-grade Teta / Triethylenetetramine is sometimes available as a distillation cut that also contains branched isomers and cyclic compounds.

PRODUCTION METHODS OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is manufactured by reacting ethylene dichloride and ammonia under controlled conditions.

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Triethylenetetramine is a strong base; reacts violently with strong oxidants; attacks aluminum, zinc, copper and its alloys.

FIRE HAZARD OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.
Substance may be transported in a molten form.

MARKET TRENDS OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
The market for Teta / Triethylenetetramine is now characterized by dynamic trends that reflect the wide range of sectors in which it finds various applications.
One noteworthy development is the rising need for Teta / Triethylenetetramine in the fabrication of sophisticated epoxy-based adhesives and coatings, which is being fueled by the growing industrial and construction industries.
Furthermore, the industry is seeing a rise in R&D efforts to investigate new uses for Teta / Triethylenetetramine, expanding its usefulness in response to changing demands.

PURIFICATION METHODS OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Dry the amine with sodium, then distil it under a vacuum.
Further purification has been via the nitrate or the chloride salts.

For example, Jonassen and Strickland separated TRIEN from admixture with TREN (38%) by solution in EtOH, cooling to approximately 5o in an ice-bath and adding conc HCl dropwise from a burette, keeping the temperature below 10o, until all of the white crystalline precipitate of TREN.HCl (see p 191) had formed and was removed.

Further addition of HCl then precipitated thick, creamy white TRIEN.
HCl which was crystallised several times from hot water by adding an excess of cold EtOH.
The crystals were finally washed with Me2CO, then Et2O and dried in a vacuum desiccator.

PRODUCTION OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is prepared by heating ethylenediamine or ethanolamine/ammonia mixtures over an oxide catalyst.
This process gives a variety of amines, especially ethylene amines which are separated by distillation and sublimation.

COORDINATION CHEMISTRY OF TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Teta / Triethylenetetramine is a tetradentate ligand in coordination chemistry, where it is referred to as trien.
Octahedral complexes of the type M(trien)L2 can adopt several diastereomeric structures.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
Chemical formula: C6H18N4
Molar mass: 146.238 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Fishy, ammoniacal
Density: 982 mg mL−1
Melting point: −34.6 °C; −30.4 °F; 238.5 K
Boiling point: 266.6 °C; 511.8 °F; 539.7 K
Solubility in water: Miscible
log P: 1.985
Vapor pressure: Refractive index (nD): 1.496
Thermochemistry:
Heat capacity (C): 376 J K−1 mol−1 (at 60 °C)
Molecular Weight: 146.23 g/mol

XLogP3-AA: -2.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 7
Exact Mass: 146.153146591 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 146.153146591 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 76.1Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 49.7
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Form Viscous liquid
Color Light yellow
Odor Ammonical
Explosive properties No
Flammability, liquids Not classified as a flammability hazard
Oxidizing properties No
Water solubility Soluble
Solubility in other solvents Acetone;Methanol
pH, 100% solution 13

Melting point/freezing point, 1013 hPa < -20 °C
Boiling point/boiling range, 1013 hPa 274.6 °C
Flash point, 1013 hPa, closed cup 118 °C
Vapor pressure, 20°C 0.0035 hPa
Relative vapor density, air = 1.0 5.04
Density, 25°C 971 kg/m³
Relative density, 25°C 0.971
Partition coefficient, N-octanol/water, 20°C, log Pow -2.65
Dynamic viscosity, 40°C 13.9-20 mPa.s
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available

Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 12 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 266 - 267 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:
Upper explosion limit: 7,2 %(V)
Lower explosion limit: 0,7 %(V)
Flash point: 129 °C
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,982 g/mL at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Melting point: 12 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 266-267 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.982 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: ~5 (vs air)
vapor pressure:
refractive index: n20/D 1.496(lit.)
Flash point: 290 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: alcohol: soluble
form: Slightly viscous yellow liquid; commercially available form is 95–98% pure,
and impurities include linear, branched, and cyclic isomers.
pka: pK1:3.32(+4);pK2:6.67(+3);pK3:9.20(+2);pK4:9.92(+1) (20°C)
color: Yellowish liquid or oil
PH: 10-11 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 0.7-7.2%(V)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
FreezingPoint: 12℃
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Merck: 14,9663
BRN: 605448

Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 1 ppm (Skin)
NIOSH: TWA 1 ppm(4 mg/m3)
Stability: Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
LogP: -2.65 at 20℃
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE
FDA 21 CFR: 175.105; 175.300; 176.170; 176.180; 177.2600
CAS DataBase Reference: 112-24-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 5
FDA UNII: SJ76Y07H5F
ATC code: A16AX12
NIST Chemistry Reference: Triethylenetetramine(112-24-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: Triethylenetetramine (112-24-3)
Melting point : 12 °C(lit.)
Boiling point : 266-267 °C(lit.)
density: 0.982 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density : ~5 (vs air)

vapor pressure : refractive index : n20/D 1.496(lit.)
Fp : 290 °F
storage temp. : Store below +30°C.
solubility : alcohol: soluble
pka: pK1:3.32(+4);pK2:6.67(+3);pK3:9.20(+2);pK4:9.92(+1) (20°C)
color : Yellowish liquid or oil
PH: 10-11 (10g/l, H2O, 20ºC)
explosive limit: 0.7-7.2%(V)
Water Solubility : SOLUBLE
FreezingPoint : 12ºC
Sensitive : Moisture Sensitive
Merck : 149,663
BRN : 605448

Stability:Stable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
CAS DataBase Reference: 112-24-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Triethylenetetramine(112-24-3)
EPA Substance Registry System: Triethylenetetramine (112-24-3)
Product name: Triethylenetetramine
CAS: 112-24-3
MF: C6H18N4
MW: 146.23
EINECS: 203-950-6
Melting point: 12 °C(lit.)
Boilding point: 266-267 °C(lit.)
Density 0.982 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Flash point: 290 °F
Form: Liquid
Color: Colorless

Melting Point: -35.0°C
Density: 0.9800g/mL
Boiling Point: 280.0°C
Flash Point: 129°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 55% min. (GC)
Linear Formula: H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2
Refractive Index: 1.4960 to 1.5000
Beilstein: 04,255
Fieser: 01,1204
Merck Index: 15,9828
Specific Gravity: 0.98
Solubility Information:
Solubility in water: soluble in water.
Other solubilities: soluble in alcohol
Formula Weight: 146.24
Percent Purity: 60%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: Triethylenetetramine, 60%

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
In case of eye contact
*After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water.
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0,65 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Latex gloves
Minimum layer thickness: 0,6 mm
Break through time: 240 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection
Recommended Filter type: Filter A (acc. to DIN 3181)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETA / TRIETHYLENETETRAMINE:
-Reactivity:
Forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating.
A range from approx. 15 Kelvin below the flash point is to be rated as critical.
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

Titanium(IV) butoxide; TETRABUTYL TITANATE; 5593-70-4; Tetrabutyl orthotitanate; Tetrabutoxytitanium cas no: 5593-70-4

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organic titanate that has a wide range of applications across several industries.

Cas Number: 546-68-9
Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti
Molecular Weight: 284.22
EINECS Number: 208-909-6

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Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an esterification catalyst for plasticizers, polyesters, methacrylic esters, resins, polycarbonates, polyolefins and RTV silicone sealants.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used for coating chemicals as a cross linker for wire enamel varnish, glass and zinc flake coatings.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing. TIPA may be used as an adhesion promoter for packaging ink such as flexo and gravure.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
The structures of the Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)s are often complex.
Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.

Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium alkoxide, specifically a tetraalkoxy derivative of titanium.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor or catalyst in various chemical processes, including the synthesis of organic and inorganic materials.
The "tetraisopropyl" part of the name indicates that there are four isopropyl (C3H7) groups bonded to the titanium atom.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often employed in the preparation of sol-gel derived materials, coatings, and as a crosslinking agent in the production of polymers.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is reactivity with hydroxyl-containing compounds makes it useful in bonding processes and surface modification applications.
As with many titanium alkoxides, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is sensitive to moisture, and precautions are often taken to handle it under dry conditions.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), vapors heavier than air.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), about the same density as water.
The structures of the Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) are often complex.
Crystalline Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.

Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) aggregate less.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a widely used item of commerce and has acquired many names in addition to those listed in the table.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

In crystalline state, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents,Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), also known as titanium isopropoxide, titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.
In crystalline state, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an intermediate derived from titanium.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a light yellow, transparent liquid.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a catalyst additive in coating primers or added to that formulation as an adhesion promoter.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), also known as titanium isopropoxide, titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a 100% active tetra-isopropyl titanate in liquid form.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is typically used as a metal catalyst in producing polyolefins and polycarbonate.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) improves the yield of olefin polymerization, esterification, condensation, and addition reactions while eliminating unwanted byproducts.
Compared to other Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), Tetraisopropyl titanate is highly moisture sensitive and will decompose when exposed to water.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful as a replacement for tin, organostannanes, and sulfuric acid in esterification reactions when toxicity reduction is desired.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is even more efficient than sulfuric acid in esterification reactions.
When added to solvent-based paints, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) will cross-link hydroxyl and carboxyl functional polymers to increase chemical and heat resistance.

Melting point : 14-17 °C(lit.)
Boiling point : 232 °C(lit.)
Density : 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure : 60.2hPa at 25℃
Refractive index : n20/D 1.464(lit.)
Fp : 72 °F
Storage temp. : Flammables area
Solubility : Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
Form : Liquid
Color : Colorless to pale yellow
Specific Gravity : 0.955
Water Solubility : HYDROLYSIS
FreezingPoint : 14.8℃
Sensitive : Moisture Sensitive
Hydrolytic Sensitivity : 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water
Merck : 14,9480
BRN : 3679474
Stability : Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture.
Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Flammable.
InChIKey : VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP : 0.05
CAS DataBase Reference : 546-68-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System : 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (546-68-9)

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH

This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.
Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), isopropyl alcohol and liquid ammonia are esterified in toluene, absorbed and filtered to remove by-product ammonium chloride, and then distilled to obtain the finished product.
Raw material consumption (kg/t) toluene (98%) 1000 titanium tetrachloride (99%) 1500 isopropanol (98%) 1600 liquid ammonia 1400
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) vapors are heavier than air.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) designated with a may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) containers may explode when heated.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) many liquids will float on water.

Metal alkyls, such as Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), are reducing agents and react rapidly and dangerously with oxygen and with other oxidizing agents, even weak ones.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), they are likely to ignite on contact with alcohols.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is highly flammable.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) fumes in air. Soluble in water.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) decomposes rapidly in water to form flammable isopropyl alcohol.

Uses:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is widely used in sol-gel processing, a method for producing ceramics and thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a precursor in the formation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films, which find applications in optical coatings, sensors, and photovoltaic devices.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a crosslinking agent in the production of polymers.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with polymers containing hydroxyl groups, contributing to the crosslinking of the polymer chains.
This enhances the mechanical and thermal properties of the polymers.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed as an adhesion promoter in coatings and adhesives.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) helps improve the adhesion of coatings to various substrates, such as metals, glass, and ceramics.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for surface modification of materials, particularly in the development of functionalized surfaces with improved properties.
This can be relevant in areas like biomaterials and catalysis.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is sometimes used as a catalyst or a component in catalyst formulations, especially in reactions involving transesterification or esterification processes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a reagent in various chemical synthesis processes, contributing to the formation of new compounds.
In the rubber industry, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a crosslinking agent for elastomers, contributing to improved mechanical properties and stability.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a photocatalyst in environmental applications, such as air and water purification.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used as surface modifier, adhesion promoter and paraffin and oil additives.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) for ester exchange reaction.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) used as an auxiliary agent and chemical product intermediate.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) used to make adhesives, used as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization reactions.
Binders for preparing metals and rubber, metals and plastics, also used as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization reactions and raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) for esterification reaction, transesterification reaction of acrylic acid and other esters.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in polymerization reactions such as epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, etc., it has high stereoselectivity.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), a variety of polymers or resins play a cross-linking role, improve the anti-corrosion ability of the coating, etc., and also promote the adhesion of the coating to the surface.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be directly used as material surface modifier, adhesive promoter.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) especially for asymmetric induction in organic syntheses; in preparation of nanosized TiO2.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) complexing agent in sol-gel process.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), it is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and water treatment chemicals.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for the manufacture of : Chemicals.
Release to the environment of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Other release to the environment of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is likely to occur from : İndoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the following products: polymers, fuels, coating products, lubricants and greases, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and plastic products.
Release to the environment of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) for the esterification reaction is used for the transesterification reaction of esters such as acrylic acid and the polymerization of epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, PP and PE.
Can also be used as raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry and the preparation of metal and rubber, metal and plastic adhesives.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) for the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction of allyl alcohol; as a Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) for transesterification reaction with various alcohols under neutral conditions; titanium tetraisopropoxide can be formed by a sol-gel two-step method New metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid; used as a raw material for barium strontium titanate film; used to prepare porous titanosilicate, which is a potential ion exchange material for removing radioactive waste; Tetraisopropyl titanateis used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been proved that it can undergo light-induced electron transfer
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used for transesterification and condensation reactions in organic synthesis Catalyst.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2).

A new metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid can be formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) by sol-gel two-step method.
The raw material of barium strontium Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) film.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanosilicates, which are potential ion exchange materials for the removal of radioactive wastes.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes, which have been shown to be capable of light-induced electron transfer.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used directly or in directly as a catalyst or catlyst additive,as a coating primer or added to formulation as a adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation fo sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as sharpless oxidation catalyst.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the formulation of coatings and paints.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can contribute to improved adhesion, durability, and weather resistance of the coatings.

In the ceramics industry, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized as a precursor for the synthesis of ceramic materials, including ceramics used in electronic components.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be employed in glass manufacturing processes, contributing to the improvement of certain properties of glass, such as hardness and scratch resistance.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been investigated for its potential use in fuel cell applications.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be part of the fabrication process for materials used in fuel cell technologies.
The hydrophobic nature of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)-derived coatings makes them suitable for applications where water repellency is desired, such as in self-cleaning surfaces or anti-fog coatings.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is sometimes used in the formulation of coatings designed to provide corrosion resistance to metal surfaces.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a modifier to impart certain properties to fabrics, such as water repellency or flame retardancy.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been explored for use in antimicrobial coatings, which can find applications in healthcare settings and other areas where bacterial resistance is a concern.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the production of thin films for electronic devices, such as semiconductors and sensors.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)-derived materials are used in the production of thin films for photovoltaic devices, contributing to the development of solar cells.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a bonding agent, improving the performance and durability of adhesives.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a valuable tool in research and development for exploring new materials and synthesizing compounds with specific properties.

Health Hazard:
Inhalation or contact with Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) may irritate or burn skin and eyes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Safety Profile:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is flammable.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) should be stored away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources.
Adequate ventilation is essential to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts violently with water, releasing flammable gases.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) should be kept away from moisture, and contact with water or humid conditions should be avoided.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is corrosive to metals.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can cause corrosion and damage to certain materials.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)can cause irritation to the skin and eyes.
Protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, should be worn when handling the compound.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

CAS Number: 546-68-9
EC number: 208-909-6
MDL number: MFCD00008871
Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti

SYNONYMS:
Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate(IV), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), Orgatix TA 10, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium, Ti Isopropylate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4), Titanium isopropylate, Titanium isopropylate (VAN), Titanium tetra-n-propoxide, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Tetra isoprobyl titanate (TIPT), Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, Tetraisopropyl titanate, Titanium(IV) i-propoxide, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE,TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE,TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE,TTIP,tetraisopropoxytitanium,TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE,ISOPROPYL TITANATE,Titanium(Ⅳ) isopropoxide,TETRAISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE,TITANIUM(IV) TETRAISOPROPOXIDE, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, A 1 (titanate), Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate(IV), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), Orgatix TA 10, TA 10, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropanolato)titanium, Ti Isopropylate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4), Titanium isopropylate, Titanium isopropylate (VAN), Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Tyzor TPT, [ChemIDplus] UN2413, Titanium (IV) isopropoxide, Tetraisopropyl Orthotitanate, Isopropyl Titanate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, Tetraisopropyl titanate, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Tetraisopropoxy titanium, ISOPROPYL TITANATE, ISOPROPYL TITANATE(IV), TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM ISO-PROPYLATE, TITANIUM (IV) I-PROPOXIDE, TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM (IV) TETRA-I-PROPOXIDE, TITANIUM(IV) TETRAISOPROPOXIDE, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetraisopropyl titanate, Tetrakis(isopropanolato)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropoxide)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropylato)titanium(IV), Tetrakis(isopropyloxy)titanium, TIPT, Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetrakis(iso-propoxide), Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, N.O.S.), A 1, A 1 (TITANATE), ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, TITANIUM(4+) SALT, ISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE, ISOPROPYL TITANATE(IV) ((C3H7O)4TI), ORGATIX TA 10, TETRAISOPROPANOLATOTITANIUM, TETRAISOPROPOXYTITANIUM, TETRAISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE, TETRAKIS(ISOPROPOXY)TITANIUM, TETRAKIS(ISOPROPYLATO)TITANIUM(IV), TETRAKIS(ISOPROPYLOXY)TITANIUM, TILCOM TIPT, TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE (TI(OC3H7)4), TITANIUM ISOPROPYLATE, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPYLATE, TITANIUM TETRAKIS(ISO-PROPOXIDE), TITANIUM TETRAKIS(ISOPROPOXIDE), TITANIUM(4+) ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM, TETRAKIS(1-METHYLETHOXY)-, TPT, TYZOR TPT, Titanium tetraisopropanolate, 546-68-9, Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Ti Isopropylate, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Isopropyl orthotitanate, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE, propan-2-olate; titanium(4+), A 1 (titanate), Orgatix TA 10, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tyzor TPT, Isopropyl Titanate, TTIP, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Titanium tetra-n-propoxide, Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium(4+) salt, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, titanium(IV) propan-2-olate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (4:1), Titanium(IV) Tetraisopropoxide, Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, 76NX7K235Y, titanium(4+) tetrakis(propan-2-olate), Isopropyl titanate(IV), titanium tetra(isopropoxide), Titanium isopropylate (VAN), TITANIUM (IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, titanium(4+) tetrapropan-2-olate, HSDB 848, Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium, NSC-60576, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4), EINECS 208-909-6, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4), NSC 60576, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, titanium(IV)tetraisopropoxide, C12H28O4Ti, UNII-76NX7K235Y, TIPT, Ti(OiPr)4, tetraisopropoxy titanium, tetraisopropoxy-titanium, titaniumtetraisopropoxide, titaniumtetraisopropylate, titanium(IV)isopropoxide, tetra-isopropoxy titanium, titanium (IV)isopropoxide, tetra-iso-propoxy titanium, titanium tetra-isopropoxide, titanium-tetra-isopropoxide, EC 208-909-6, titanium (4+) isopropoxide, Titanium isopropoxide(TTIP), VERTEC XL 110, tetraisopropoxytitanium (IV), titanium tetra (isopropoxide), titanium(IV)tetraisopropoxide, titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide, TITANUM-(IV)-ISOPROPOXIDE, CHEBI:139496, AKOS015892702, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE [MI], TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPANOLATE [HSDB], T0133, Q2031021, 2923581-56-8, IPT, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium (4) salt, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate, Isopropyl titanate (IV) Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetrakis (isopropoxy) titanium, TIPT Titanium (IV) isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetra-n-propoxide TPT, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (4:1)

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless, slightly yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Through continuous research and innovation, methods are continually being refined to enhance the efficiency, increase yield, eliminate unwanted byproducts and safety of these processes by reduction of toxicity when used to replace traditional catalysts.

Special handling equipment is necessary to exclude any contact with air or moisture causing premature hydrolysis of the compound.
Ultimately, the production and use of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a complex process that demands a high degree of precision, safety, and quality control.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless, slightly yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless to light yellow liquid.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), with the chemical formula C12H28O4Ti, has the CAS number 546-68-9.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor.

The basic structure of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) consists of four isopropanol groups attached to a central titanium atom.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone, but insoluble in water.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is important to handle this chemical with caution and use appropriate protective measures to avoid any potential harm.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive catalyst & can be used in direct & transesterification reactions.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a chemical compound with the formula Ti(OCH(CH)) (i-Pr).

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organotitanium compound that reacts with water to form titanium hydroxide.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.

The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.
Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula C12H28O4Ti.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a low vapor pressure and a high melting point, which makes it well suited for use in high temperature environments.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid that is typically stored under an inert atmosphere, such as nitrogen or argon, to prevent degradation.
Moreover, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often supplied in amber glass or metal containers, which protect against chemical and photochemical degradation.

Typical users in plasticizer, acrylate and methacrylate manufacturers.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.

Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
The primary method of synthesis involves the reaction of titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.

This reaction is exothermic and produces corrosive coproducts such as hydrogen chloride and must be controlled carefully to prevent overheating and associated ignition and corrosion risks.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is colorless to light yellow transparent liquid.

Isopropyl titanate, also known as Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a precursor for the preparation of Titania.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an alkoxy titanate with a high level of reactivity.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to organic titanates group.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), with the chemical formula C12H28O4Ti, has the CAS number 546-68-9.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium alkoxide.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive catalyst & can be used in direct & transesterification reactions.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium alkoxide.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive organic widely used in different applications as well as processes.

This slighty yellow to colorless liquid, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is highly-sensitive to moisture.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organic titanate that has a wide range of applications across several industries.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.

In crystalline state, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.
Isopropyl titanate, also known as Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.
In crystalline state, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, it is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.

Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.
Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such isopropanol aggregate less.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is water rapid hydrolysis, soluble in alcohol, ether, ketone, benzene and other organic solvents.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organic compound composed of titanium and isopropyl groups (-C(CH3)2).

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to produce metals and rubber, adhesives for metals and plastics, catalysts for transesterification and polymerization reactions or to produce titanium couplers.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used exchange Reaction for Esters
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as additives and intermediates in chemical products
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make adhesives and as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification, also be used as catalyst for condensation reaction of organic synthesis.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to prepare adhesives for metal and rubber, metal and plastics, catalysts for transesterification and polymerization, and raw materials for pharmaceutical industry.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for titanate coupling agent、crosslinking agent and dispersant synthesis.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as a catalyst for ester exchange and condensation reactions in organic synthesis.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium dioxide (TiO2).

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst especially for asymmetric induction in organic syntheses; in preparation of nanosized TiO2.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used complexing agent in sol-gel process.
Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst for esterification and polymerization of organic synthesis.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as adhesive for metal and rubber, metal and plastic, and used as coating additive and medical organic synthesis.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

Such as Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an additive in production of plasticizer.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
Paint additive: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an additive in paints to cross-link -OH functional polymers or binders; to promote adhesion; or to act as a binder itself.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been proved that it can undergo light-induced electron transfer.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used for transesterification and condensation reactions in organic synthesis Catalyst.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2).
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used to promote the adhesion of the coating to the surface.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be directly used as a material surface modifier, adhesive promoter.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used polymerization catalyst.
A new metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid can be formed from titanium tetraisopropoxide by sol-gel two-step method.

The raw material of barium strontium titanate film.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanosilicates, which are potential ion exchange materials for the removal of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes, which have been shown to be capable of light-induced electron transfer.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for producing coupling agent, which is a kind of additive for production of plastic, rubber, paint, ink and coating.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as raw material for producing additive for metal and plastic bonding, high-strength polyester paint modifier, high temperature coating additives.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been demonstrated that heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals and viologen electron acceptor complexes can undergo photo induced electron transfer.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is perfect for use as a synthesis catalyst and as an ingredient for pharmaceutical coatings.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a versatile chemical used in various applications such as catalysis, polymerization, and surface treatment of materials.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor for the synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles, which are widely used in nanotechnology applications.

In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as curing agent for producing enameled wire paint.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used in manufacture of adhesive, PBT plastic, pharmacy industry, electronic products, glass craft.

Coating: Glass, metals, fillers and pigments can be treated with Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) to give increased surface hardness; adhesion promotion; heat, chemical and scratch resistance; coloring effects; light reflection; iridescence; and corrosion resistance
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst for esterification reactions, and transesterification reactions of acrylic acid and other esters.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as Ziegler (Ziegler Natta) catalyst in polymerization reactions such as epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, etc.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a catalyst for esterification or transesterification reactions and as a catalyst for condensation reactions in organic synthesis.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used industrial catalyst, pesticide intermediates, plastic rubber auxiliaries, pharmaceutical raw materials.
A new type of metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid can be formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) by a two-step sol-gel process.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a the raw material for the strontium barium titanate thin film.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanium silicate, which is a potential ion exchange material for removing radioactive waste.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters and methacrylic esters.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter.

Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an additive in the production of plasticizers Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a hardener in the production of varnish (Enamed wire paint).

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2 nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) comes in a 500mL bottle and should be handled with care due to its flammable nature.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition or heat.
Proper protective equipment must be worn when handling Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT).

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used surface treatment agent for sealant for glass-coating.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used coupling agent in the production of
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used PBT resin, adhesives, various plastics, paints, inks, rubber, and coatings.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used directly or in directly as a catalyst or catlyst additive,as a coating primer or added to formulation as a adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation fo sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as sharpless oxidation catalyst.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used water repellent for paper, leather, and textiles.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used metal bonding, plastic bonding.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used synthesize all kinds of titanate coupling agent, cross-linking agent and dispersant.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification, also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.
No significant environmental impacts have been reported for Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) if handled properly.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to the ester exchange reaction

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Intermediates, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as fertilizer and chemical products
Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used medicine, electric insulation purposes, etc.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an auxiliary agent and chemical product intermediate.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make adhesives, as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization reactions.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used transesterification.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can adhere paint, rubber, plastic to metal.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a chemical additive and an intermediate in chemical products.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making adhesives, used as ester exchange reaction and polymerization catalyst
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making metal and rubber, metal and plastic adhesive

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a catalyst for transesterification reaction with various alcohols under neutral conditions.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a catalyst, as a Cross-linking agent, and as a Surface Modifier.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be formed by a sol-gel two-step method.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used new metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used cross-linking for polymers.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used coatings.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used surface modification (metal, glass)
Applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2 nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.

Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.
Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used esterification, Trans-esterification reaction & Polymerisation of Epoxys, Phenolics and Silicons.
Binders for preparing metals and rubber, metals and plastics, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization reactions and raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for ester exchange reaction
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as additive and intermediate of chemical products

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making adhesives, as catalysts for transesterification reaction and polymerization reaction
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used wire enamels, Surface coatings, Printing Inks, Silicon RTV compounds and in Olefin Polymerisation System.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used manufacture of scratch resistant glass.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in cross linking agent in wire enamel.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in chelates of ink & Plasticizers Ind.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used Chemical Synthesis, Industrial Chemicals, Organic Intermediates.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor for the preparation of Titania (TiO2).
Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.
Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an additive to improve the corrosion resistance of metal surfaces, such as steel and copper.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an additive for the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction of allyl alcohol.

Applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2 nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for the preparation of adhesives, as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an adhesion promoting and cross-linking agent for hydroxylic compounds or heat and corrosion resistant coatings.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used directly or in directly as a catalyst or catlyst additive,as a coating primer or added to formulation as a adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation fo sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.
Industry uses of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT): Ceramics, Coatings, Polymers (Chemical/Industrial Manufacturing)

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter, Wax & Oil additive, and in Scratch resistant glass.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used as raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry and the preparation of metal and rubber, metal and plastic adhesives.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used as surface modifier, adhesion promoter and paraffin and oil additives.
nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for ester exchange reaction.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making metal and rubber, metal and plastic binder, also used as ester exchange reaction and polymerization reaction catalyst and pharmaceutical industry raw materials.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used polymerization catalyst.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor for the preparation of Titania (TiO2)
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium-based coordination compound, commonly used in the asymmetric Sharpless epoxidation reaction of allylic alcohols.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has high stereoselectivity.
In the paint, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used a variety of polymers or resins play a cross-linking role, improving the anti-corrosion ability of the coating, etc.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for transesterification.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for heat-resistant surface coatings in paints, lacquers, and plastics; for hardening and cross-linking of epoxy, silicon, urea, melamine, and terephthalate resins and adhesives; and for adhesion of paints, rubber, and plastics to metals.

Electronics: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the production of thin-film capacitors and in the fabrication of metal-insulator-metal capacitors.
Surface treatment: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used for the surface treatment of metals, ceramics, and glass to improve their properties, such as corrosion resistance and adhesion.

These are some of the common applications of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), and its use may vary depending on the specific needs of each industry.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters, and methacrylic esters.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter, Cross-linking for polymers, Coatings, and Surface modification (metal, glass).

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment widely used in paint, cosmetics, and food industries.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a starting material in the synthesis of other titanium compounds and as a catalyst in organic synthesis.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst in Kulinkovich reaction for the synthesis of cyclopropanes.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters and methacrylic esters.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter, Cross-linking for polymers, Coatings, Surface modification (metal, glass)

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is ideal to be used as a catalyst to develop polyesters and plasticizers.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a raw material for barium strontium titanate film.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanosilicate, which is a potential ion exchange material for removing radioactive waste.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes.
In the chemical industry, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a catalyst or a precursor to other catalysts in processes like the Sharpless epoxidation, a process used to synthesize 2,3-epoxyalcohols from primary and secondary allylic alcohols.

The pharmaceutical industry also harnesses the catalytic properties of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) for certain types of organic reactions, such as transesterification, condensation, addition reactions and polymerization.
In addition to this, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as adhesion promoter, coater, etc.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an esterification catalyst for plasticizers, polyesters, methacrylic esters, resins, polycarbonates, polyolefins and RTV silicone sealants.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can adhere paint, rubber and plastic to metal.

The production and use of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) requires precision, expertise, and adherence to strict safety guidelines.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used in catalysts, glass surface treatments, flue gas sorbents, controlled-release pesticides, and dental compositions (to bond to enamel).

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make nano-sized titanium dioxide.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an adhesion promoting and cross-linking agent for hydroxylic compounds or heat and corrosion resistant coatings.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s wide-ranging applications span several industries.
Its primary use lies within the domain of material science, where Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the creation of ceramics, glasses, and other materials.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s use to prepare porous titanosilicates, has been utilized to form ion exchange media to treat nuclear wastes in the removal of soluble forms of cesium-137 (137Cs).
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as sharpless oxidation catalyst.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used synthesize all kinds of titanate coupling agent, cross-linking agent and dispersant.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) also has been shown to have synergistic effects when combined with other additives, such as metal hydroxides or methyl glycosides.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most commonly used as a Lewis acid and a Ziegler–Natta catalyst.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used for coating chemicals as a cross linker for wire enamel varnish, glass and zinc flake coatings.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) may be used as an adhesion promoter for packaging ink such as flexo and gravure.
Pigment production: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment widely used in the paint, cosmetic, and food industries.

Organic synthesis: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis reactions, such as the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a wide range of applications in various industries.

Polymer synthesis: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an initiator for the polymerization of vinyl monomers and as a coupling agent for polymer-polymer and polymer-inorganic material interactions.
Adhesion promoter: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can act as an adhesion promoter, improving the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to various substrates.

-Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst for transesterification and condensation in organic synthesis.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide).

A new type of metal oxide / phosphonate hybrids can be formed from four isopropanol titanium by sol-gel two step process.
Raw materials for barium strontium titanate thin films.

Porous titanium silicate is a potential ion exchange material for the removal of radioactive waste.
Photoinduced electron transfer has been demonstrated to occur in heterogeneous supramolecules consisting of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and viologen electron acceptor complexes.

-Coating Industry uses of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a catalyst in the coating industry.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s purpose in this field involves promoting the curing process of coatings and improving their overall performance.

The mechanism of action in coatings involves the initiation and acceleration of chemical reactions, leading to the formation of a durable and protective coating layer.

-Polymer Industry uses of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also utilized in the polymer industry as a crosslinking agent.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s purpose in this field involves creating strong chemical bonds between polymer chains, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties and stability of the polymers.

The mechanism of action in polymer crosslinking involves the formation of covalent bonds between the Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) and the polymer chains, leading to a three-dimensional network structure.

-TiO2 pigments and films:
Micro- or nano-scale TiO2 pigments can be formed from Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT).
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used to create a polymeric TiO2 film on surfaces via pyrolytic or hydrolytic processes.

-Hair-making uses of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), isopropyl alcohol, and liquid ammonia were heated and dissolved in toluene as a solvent to undergo an esterification reaction.
The reaction product was filtered off by-product ammonium chloride by suction, and the product was obtained by distillation.

TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT) USAGE IN GLASS INDUSTRY:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a cross-linking agent and catalyst in the glass industry.

*Anti-reflective coatings:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a cross-linking agent in anti-reflective coatings for glass.
The coating helps to reduce glare and improve visibility, making Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) ideal for applications like eyeglasses, camera lenses, and flat panel displays.

*Self-cleaning coatings:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used to create self-cleaning coatings for glass.
When exposed to sunlight, the coating reacts with oxygen to produce free radicals that break down organic matter on the surface of the glass.
This helps to keep the glass clean and reduces the need for manual cleaning.

*Pigments:
As I mentioned earlier, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles.
These nanoparticles are used as pigments in glass and ceramic applications, providing improved optical properties and color saturation.
They are often used in products like decorative glassware, ceramic tiles, and automotive glass.

*Scratch-resistant coatings:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used to create scratch-resistant coatings for glass.
When added to the coating, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the glass to create a durable, cross-linked network.
This network helps to protect the glass from scratches, abrasion, and chemical damage, making Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) ideal for applications like smartphone screens and protective eyewear.

TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT) USAGE IN INK INDUSTRY:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used in the ink industry as a cross-linking agent and as a catalyst for polymerization reactions.
Here are some specific ways that Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the ink industry:

*UV-curable inks:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a cross-linking agent in UV-curable inks.
When exposed to UV light, the ink undergoes a polymerization reaction that cross-links the ink molecules and hardens the ink film. Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be added to the ink formulation to promote cross-linking and improve the ink’s adhesion, durability, and resistance to abrasion and chemical attack.

*Pigment dispersions:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a dispersant in pigment dispersions for ink formulations.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) helps to stabilize the pigment particles and prevent them from settling out of the ink.
This improves the color consistency and print quality of the ink.

*Metal printing:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a catalyst for the polymerization of acrylic resins used in metal printing.
The resin is applied to the metal substrate as an ink and then cured using Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) as a catalyst.
This creates a durable and scratch-resistant coating on the metal surface.

*Inkjet printing:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be added to inkjet inks as a cross-linking agent to improve the ink’s adhesion and durability on various substrates, such as paper, plastic, and metal.

Overall, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a valuable tool in the ink industry, helping to improve the performance and quality of ink formulations.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s ability to promote cross-linking, stabilize pigments, and catalyze polymerization reactions makes it a versatile material for ink manufacturers.

PREPARATION OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl

PROPERTIES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH
This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.

Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.

PROPERTIES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

NOTES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is moisture sensitive.
Store Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in cool place.
Keep Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to produce titanium dioxide.

KEY FEATURES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Balanced pH value, Purity
*Non-toxic
*Safe to use

AIR AND WATER REACTIONS OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) fumes in the air.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in water.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) decomposes rapidly in water to form flammable isopropyl alcohol.

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Metal alkyls, such as Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), are reducing agents and react rapidly and dangerously with oxygen and with other oxidizing agents, even weak ones.
Thus, they are likely to ignite on contact with alcohols.

BACKGROUND OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a rich history in the realm of chemical synthesis.
First discovered in the 1950s, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) quickly became an essential tool due to its unique chemical properties.
As an alkoxide of titanium, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organometallic compound, meaning it is part of a class of compounds that contain a metal directly bonded to an organic molecule, which gives them unique properties.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used in a process known as sol-gel synthesis.
In this method, a solution (sol) is gradually transitioned to a solid (gel) form.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in this process because it can be easily hydrolyzed (reacted with moisture/water) and condensed to first form a colloidal structure and upon further condensation, a connected porous network of titanium dioxide.

This gel can be further aged and dried through supercritical (aerogel), thermal (xerogel) or freeze drying (cryogel) to form a solid powder end product with multiple levels of structure, functionality, and porosity.
Moreover, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is instrumental in metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD).

In this process, a volatile precursor like Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to produce high-quality, thin film materials with atomic level precision control of thickness with uniformity and high repeatability.
These materials are then used in a variety of applications, from microelectronics to solar cells.

While the value of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is well-established, its flammability and sensitivity to moisture and air while beneficial in the sol-gel or MOCVD processes pose significant handling challenges.
It is essential that Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s transport and storage be carefully controlled to avoid inherent hazards and also contamination and degradation.

In response to these challenges, the industry has developed specialized handling equipment and stringent environmental control measures to maintain the safety and integrity of this important chemical precursor.
The evolution of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reflects the wider trends in the chemical industry: the constant pursuit of better and safer synthetic methods, the adaptation to increasingly stringent environmental standards, and the development of cutting-edge applications in high-tech industries.

Through its versatile applications, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is significantly contributing to enhancing chemical synthesis, material science, and sustainability in economic and environmental efforts."

FEATURES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Organic compound composed of titanium and isopropyl groups
*Colorless liquid with a low melting point
*Low toxicity and is considered relatively safe to handle
*Reacts readily with water and air

BENEFITS OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Versatile:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a versatile compound that can be used in various industries, including pigment production, organic synthesis, and polymer synthesis.

*Efficient:
As a catalyst, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can facilitate organic reactions in a fast and efficient manner.

*High-quality products:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the production of high-quality titanium dioxide pigment used in paints, cosmetics, and food products.

*Precursor for other compounds:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a starting material for the synthesis of other titanium compounds.

*Adhesion promoter:
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also act as an adhesion promoter, improving the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to various substrates.

Overall, the features and benefits of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) make it a valuable compound in various industries, providing an efficient and versatile solution for the production of high-quality products.

NOTES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is moisture sensitive.
Store Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in cool place.
Keep Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to produce titanium dioxide.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Character light yellow liquid, smoke in humid air.
boiling point 102~104 ℃
freezing point 14.8 ℃
relative density 0.954g/cm3
refractive index 1.46
soluble in a variety of organic solvents.

PURIFICATION METHODS OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Dissolve Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) in dry *C6H6 , filter if a solid separates, evaporate and fractionate.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is hydrolysed by H2O to give solid Ti2O(iso-OPr)2 m ca 48o

SUMMARY OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT), often abbreviated TTIP, is a crucial compound used in many modern industrial processes that rely on organic synthesis and materials science.

More specifically, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is frequently used in the asymmetric Sharpless epoxidation reaction of allylic alcohols, and as a catalyst in the Kulinkovich reaction for the synthesis of cyclopropanes.
Most commonly, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a substance found in a multitude of applications from paint to sunscreen.

However, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s flammability and sensitivity to moisture and air presents challenges for its storage and transport.
With the use of appropriate packaging and transport solutions, as well as meticulous environmental control, Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s possible to overcome this challenge.

PRODUCTION METHODS OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH

This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials.
Typically water is added to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The nature of the inorganic product is determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water, and the rate of mixing.

Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst for the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.

SHELF LIFE OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Under proper storage conditions, the shelf life of Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is 12 months.

REACTIONS OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Catalyst for the synthesis of acyclic epoxy alcohols and allylic epoxy alcohols.
*Useful for diastereoselective reduction of alpha-fluoroketones.
*Catalyzes the asymmetric allylation of ketones.
*Reagent for the synthesis of cyclopropylamines from aryl and alkenyl nitriles.
*Useful for racemic and/or enantioselective addition of nucleophiles to aldehydes, ketones and imines.
*Catalytic intramolecular formal [3+2] cycloaddition.
*Catalyst for the synthesis of cyclopropanols from esters and organomagnesium reagents

SOLUBILITY OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

PREPARATION OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Light yellow liquid, fuming in moisture, boiling point 102-104℃ (10mmHg), freezing point 14.8℃, flash point 45℃, specific gravity 0.954, Refractive index 1.46, viscosity 2.11CP (25℃).
Appearance: Tetra isopropyl titanate (TIPT) is colorless to yellowish transparent liquid.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Physical state: Liquid
Color: Light yellow
Odor: Alcohol-like
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point/range: 14 - 17 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 232 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): Not available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: Not available
Flash point: 41 °C
Autoignition temperature: Not available
Decomposition temperature: Not available
pH: Not available
Viscosity:

Kinematic viscosity: Not available
Dynamic viscosity: 3 mPa.s at 25 °C
Water solubility: Insoluble
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not available
Vapor pressure: 1.33 hPa at 63 °C
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C
Relative density: 0.96 at 25 °C
Relative vapor density: Not available
Particle characteristics: Not available
Explosive properties: Not available
Oxidizing properties: None
Other safety information: Not available
Molecular Weight: 284.22 g/mol

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 284.1467000 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 284.1467000 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 92.2 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 17
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 10.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 5
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: Clear liquid
Density (D20): 0.96-1.00 g/cm3
Titanium Contents: 16.62-16.80%
Refractive Index (D20): 1.465
pH value: Approximately 6
Freezing point: >13 °C
Boiling point: 156 °C at 100 mmHg
CAS Number: 546-68-9
Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti
Molecular Weight: 284.22 g/mol

MDL Number: MFCD00008871
MOL File: 546-68-9.mol
Melting point: 14-17 °C (literature value)
Boiling point: 232 °C (literature value)
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C (literature value)
Vapor pressure: 60.2 hPa at 25 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.464 (literature value)
Flash point: 72 °F
Storage temperature: Flammable area
Solubility: Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene, and chloroform
Form: Liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 0.955

Water Solubility: Hydrolysis
Freezing Point: 14.8 °C
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Hydrolytic Sensitivity: 7 - Reacts slowly with moisture/water
Merck Index: 14,9480
BRN: 3679474
Stability: Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture.
Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.05
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: Titanium tetraisopropylate
FDA 21 CFR: 175.105

CAS DataBase Reference: 546-68-9
FDA UNII: 76NX7K235Y
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (546-68-9)
Boiling Point: 102-104 c (10 mm)
Density: 0.954
Direct Evaporative Cooling: rapidly in water
Melting Point: 14.8 c
Refractive Index: 1.468 (20 c)
Molecular Weight: 284.26
Color: colorless to light yellow liquid
Flash Point: 60 c
Solubility: most org. solvs., oxygenated, chlorinated, and hydrocarbon solvs.

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rnse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage conditions:
Handle under nitrogen, protect from moisture.
Store under nitrogen.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Hydrolyzes readily

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRA ISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
May decompose on exposure to moist air or water.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Tetra Potassium Pyrophosphate; Diphosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt; Phosphosol; Tetra-Potassium Pyrophosphate; Potassium diphosphate; Tetrapotassium; TKPP; Diphosphorate; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; normal potassium pyrophosphate; Tetrakaliumpyrophosphat; Pirofosfato de tetrapotasio; Pyrophosphate de tétrapotassium; cas no: 7320-34-5

TAED; N,N'-ethylenebis(diacetamide); TEAD;TAED;Nikon A;Mykon ATC;TETRAACETYLENEDIAMINE;TETRACETYLETHYLENEDIAMINE;TETRAACETYLETHYLENEDIAMINE;1,2-Bis-(diacetamido)-ethane;1,2-Bis(diacetylamino)ethane;N,N'-ETHYLENEBIS(DIACETAMIDE) CAS NO:10543-57-4

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP), also called sodium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium phosphate or TSPP, is an inorganic compound with the formula Na4P2O7.
As a salt, Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is a white, water-soluble solid.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is composed of pyrophosphate anion and sodium ions.

CAS: 7722-88-5
MF: Na4O7P2
MW: 265.902402
EINECS: 231-767-1

Synonyms
pyrophosphatedesodium;jiaolinsuanan;pyrophosphatetetrasodique;Sodiumpyrophosphate,anhydrous;sodiumpyrophosphate[na4p2o7];tetranatriumpyrophosphat;tetrasodiumpyrophosphate,anhydrous;victortspp;Sodium pyrophosphate;TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE;7722-88-5;TSPP;Phosphotex;Tetrasodium diphosphate;Sodium diphosphate;Diphosphoric acid, tetrasodium salt;Victor TSPP;Caswell No. 847;Sodium pyrophosphate tetrabasic;Natrium pyrophosphat;Sodium pyrophosphate [USAN];Sodium diphosphate, anhydrous;Pyrophosphoric acid tetrasodium salt;Sodium phosphate (Na4P2O7);HSDB 854;sodium pyrophosphate(V);Sodium diphosphate (Na4P2O7);Sodium pyrophosphate, tetrabasic;Sodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7);Anhydrous tetrasodium pyrophosphate;Tetrasodium pyrophosphate, anhydrous;EINECS 231-767-1;NSC 56751;EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076405;DTXSID9042465;UNII-O352864B8Z;CHEBI:71240;MFCD00003513;NSC-56751;Na4P2O7;O352864B8Z;DTXCID7022465;EC 231-767-1;Sodium pyrophosphate (USAN);Natrium pyrophosphat [German];SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (II);SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [II];SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (MART.);SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [MART.];1004291-85-3;Tetranatriumpyrophosphat [German];Tetrasodium pyrophosphate, anhydride;Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (anhydrous);SODIUMPYROPHOSPHATE;tetra sodium pyrophosphate;ACCOLINE 126;Na4O7P2;TETRON (DISPERSANT);Diphosphoric acid sodium salt;Sodium pyrophosphate anhydrous;DTXCID408842;FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J;Sodium diphosphate (Na4(P2O7));SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [FCC];Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Anhydrous;SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [HSDB];CS-B1771;SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [VANDF];tetrasodium (phosphonooxy)phosphonate;Tox21_110033;SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [WHO-DD];TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [MI];AKOS015914004;AKOS024418778;Diphosphoric acid, sodium salt (1:4);TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [INCI];NCGC00013687-01;CAS-7722-88-5;TETRASODIUM DIPHOSPHATE (NA4P2O7);TETRASODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (NA4P2O7);E 450;FT-0689073;D05873;E75941;EN300-332889;Q418504

Tetra Sodium Pyro phosphate (TSPP), Na4P2O7, is a white powder that is easily soluble in water. Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a food additive, a buffering agent, nourishment agent, and a modifying agent.
Toxicity is approximately twice that of table salt when ingested orally.
Also known is the decahydrate Na4P2O7 · 10(H2O).
Sodium pyrophosphate, also called Tetrasodium pyro phosphate or TSPP is used in the laboratory as a buffering agent.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) has been shown to be useful in the preparation of an EDTA-sodium pyrophosphate extraction buffer for microcystin analysis of soil samples.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is an odorless, white powder or granules.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used in water softener, buffering agent, thickening agent, dispersing agent, wool de-fatting agent, metal cleaner, soap and synthetic detergent builder, general sequestering agent, in electrodeposition of metals.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) also acts as a tartar control agent in toothpaste and dental floss.
In addition, Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a chelating agent in antimicrobial studies.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is also used as a food additive in common foods such as chicken nuggets, crab meat and canned tuna.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is an inorganic sodium salt comprised of a diphosphate(4-) anion and four sodium(1+) cations.
More commonly known asTetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP), it finds much use in the food industry as an emulsifier and in dental hygiene as a calcium-chelating salt.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) has a role as a food emulsifier, a chelator and a food thickening agent.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) contains a diphosphate(4-).
Tetra sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), a highly alkaline polyphosphate, is used when maximum protein solubilization is desired.
TSPP is primarily utilized in combination with other more soluble phosphates or in specialty applications.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a pH buffer (a substance which maintains a particular acidity level), and as a dough conditioner in soy-based “meat alternatives”.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) promotes binding of proteins to water, binding the soy particles together, and is used for the same purpose in chicken nuggets and imitation crab and lobster products.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is an emulsifier, and a source of phosphorus as a nutrient.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used in toothpastes, as a buffer, an emulsifier, and a detergent aid.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is the “tartar control” agent.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) removes calcium and magnesium from the saliva, so they can’t deposit on the teeth.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is a thickening agent in instant puddings.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is a water softener in detergents, and an emulsifier to suspend oils and prevent them from redepositing on clothing in the wash.
As a water softener, it combines with magnesium to sequester Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) from the detergent, without precipitating it onto the clothing.
As a detergent additive, Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) can also “reactivate” detergents or soaps that have combined with calcium to make an insoluble scum.
The Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) sequesters the calcium, replacing it with sodium, which reactivates the detergent or soap, and yet keeps the calcium from precipitating out of solution.
Because phosphates cause “eutrophication” of water (algae grows because of the fertilizing power of phosphates), Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is seldom used as a detergent additive, except in toothpastes.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 80 °C
Boiling point: 93.8 °C
Density: 2.53 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
Storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
Solubility H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Form: Granular
Color: White
Specific Gravity: 2.534
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 10.3
Water Solubility: Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethyl alcohol.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,9240
Exposure limits NIOSH: TWA 5 mg/m3
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J
LogP: -3.42
CAS DataBase Reference: 7722-88-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) (7722-88-5)

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is a white crystalline powder or colourless crystals with the formula Na4P2O7.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) contains the pyrophosphate ion and sodium cation.
Toxicity is approximately twice that of table salt when ingested orally.
There is also a hydrated form, Na4P2O7.10H2O.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a buffering agent, an emulsifier, a dispersing agent, and a thickening agent, and is often used as a food additive.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is widely used as an emulsifying salt (ES) in process cheese.
Common foods containing sodium pyrophosphate include chicken nuggets, marshmallows, pudding, crab meat, imitation crab, canned tuna, and soy-based meat alternatives and cat foods and cat treats where Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a palatability enhancer.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is the active ingredient in Bakewell, the substitute for baking powder's acid component marketed during shortages in World War II.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is also used in some common baking powders.
Odorless, white powder or granules.
Mp: 995°C.
Density: 2.53 g cm-3.
Solubility in water: 3.16 g / 100 mL (cold water); 40.26 g / 100 mL boiling water.
Used as a wool de-fatting agent, in bleaching operations, as a food additive.
The related substance Tetrasodium pyrophosphate decahydrate (Na4P2O7 0H2O) occurs as colorless transparent crystals.
Loses Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP)'s water when heated to 93.8°C.

Uses
Pharmaceutic aid.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is a non-toxic and biocompatible compound used as an electroactive media for exfoliation of the surface coating.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is also be used as an additive in the food industry.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) can be used as an inorganic additive to improve the stability and electrochemical performance of redox flow batteries.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is a coagulant, emulsifier, and sequestrant that is mildly alkaline, with a ph of 10.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is moderately soluble in water, with a solubility of 0.8 g/100 ml at 25°c.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a coagulant in noncooked instant puddings to provide thicken- ing.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) functions in cheese to reduce the meltability and fat separa- tion.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a dispersant in malted milk and chocolate drink powders.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) prevents crystal formation in tuna. it is also termed sodium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium diphosphate, and tspp.
As a water softener; as a metal cleaner; as a dispersing and emulsifying agent.

Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a buffering agent, an emulsifier, a dispersing agent, and a thickening agent, and is often used as a food additive.
Common foods containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate include chicken nuggets, marshmallows, pudding, crab meat, imitation crab, canned tuna, and soy-based meat alternatives and cat foods and cat treats where Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used as a palatability enhancer.
In toothpaste and dental floss, tetrasodium pyrophosphate acts as a tartar control agent, serving to remove calcium and magnesium from saliva and thus preventing them from being deposited on teeth.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is used in commercial dental rinses before brushing to aid in plaque reduction.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is sometimes used in household detergents to prevent similar deposition on clothing, but due to its phosphate content it causes eutrophication of water, promoting algae growth.

Preparation
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is formed when pure disodium hydrogen orthophosphate is heated to 500℃ for 5 hours.
The product will contain better than 98 per cent Na4P2O7.
Crystalline masses large enough for optical measurements are produced by heating in platinum to above the melting point of the tetrasodium pyrophosphate, 800°, and cooling slowly.
Higher temperatures or longer heating times do not change the tetrasodium pyrophosphate, as this is the final product in the dehydration of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate.

Production
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is produced by the reaction of furnace-grade phosphoric acid with sodium carbonate to form disodium phosphate, which is then heated to 450 °C to form tetrasodium pyrophosphate:
2 Na2HPO4 → Na4P2O7 + H2O

Reactivity Profile
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is basic.
Reacts exothermically with acids.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Decomposes in ethyl alcohol.
Tetra sodium pyro phosphate (TSPP) is of low toxicity, but the dust may be irritating to the eyes, upper respiratory tract, and skin.
Mild to moderate skin and eye irritation have occurred with acute exposure to the dust.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) (TSPP), also known as sodium pyrophosphate, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Na4P2O7.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is a sodium salt of pyrophosphoric acid and consists of a pyrophosphate ion (P2O74-) and four sodium ions (Na+).

CAS Number: 7722-88-5
EC Number: 231-767-1

Sodium pyrophosphate, Tetrasodium diphosphate, Sodium acid pyrophosphate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), Tetrasodium orthophosphate, TSPP, Na4P2O7, Sodium pyrophosphate tetrabasic, Sodium diphosphate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) decahydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate decahydrate, Diphosphoric acid tetrasodium salt, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) dehydrate, Pyrophosphoric acid tetrasodium salt, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) hydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate hydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) dodecahydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate dodecahydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate, TSPP decahydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate dehydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) hydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate hydrate, TSPP dodecahydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate 12-hydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) dodecahydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate dodecahydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate 12-hydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate 12-hydrate, TSPP 12-hydrate, Sodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate 12-hydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate tetrabasic 12-hydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) decahydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate decahydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate decahydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, TSPP decahydrate, Sodium diphosphate decahydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) hydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate hydrate, TSPP hydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) dodecahydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate dodecahydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate 12-hydrate, Sodium pyrophosphate 12-hydrate, TSPP 12-hydrate, Sodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium diphosphate 12-hydrate, Tetrasodium orthophosphate 12-hydrate

APPLICATIONS

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is commonly used as a food additive in the food industry.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) serves as a chelating agent, sequestrant, and buffering agent in food processing.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to canned and processed foods to maintain their stability and quality.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps prevent discoloration, texture changes, and spoilage in canned fruits and vegetables.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in meat and seafood processing to improve water retention and texture.
TSPP is added to dairy products such as cheese and yogurt to enhance their emulsifying properties.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is utilized in baking applications to improve dough stability and increase volume.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to beverages such as soft drinks and fruit juices as a pH regulator.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in the manufacturing of toothpaste and oral care products as a tartar control agent.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps prevent the formation of plaque and tartar on teeth.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in household and industrial cleaning products as a detergent builder.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) aids in the removal of stubborn stains and mineral deposits from surfaces.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to automatic dishwashing detergents to improve cleaning performance.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is utilized in water treatment processes as a scale inhibitor and corrosion inhibitor.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps prevent the buildup of scale and rust in water systems.
TSPP is used in metal finishing applications for surface cleaning and treatment.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) assists in the removal of rust, oxidation, and scale from metal surfaces.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to some personal care products such as shampoos and body washes as a chelating agent.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps enhance the effectiveness of other ingredients in personal care formulations.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in pharmaceutical preparations as a stabilizer and buffering agent.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is employed in the manufacturing of ceramic products as a dispersing agent.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps improve the flow and homogeneity of ceramic slurries.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is utilized in oil drilling and mining operations as a viscosity modifier.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps control the rheological properties of drilling fluids and slurries.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) has diverse applications across various industries, contributing to the quality, stability, and performance of a wide range of products.

In the textile industry, TSPP is used as a dyeing assistant and levelling agent to ensure uniform color distribution.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps improve dye uptake and penetration into fibers during the dyeing process.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is employed in the production of ceramics and glass to act as a flux, aiding in the melting and fusion of raw materials.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps reduce the viscosity of ceramic and glass melts, facilitating shaping and forming processes.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in the formulation of fire retardants and flame retardant coatings for textiles, wood, and plastics.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) acts as a synergist, enhancing the flame-retardant properties of other additives.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to some agricultural products such as fertilizers and soil conditioners as a nutrient source.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) provides essential phosphorus for plant growth and development.
In the construction industry, TSPP is used in cement and concrete formulations to improve workability and reduce setting time.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps prevent flash setting and improves the flow properties of cementitious materials.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is utilized in the petroleum industry as a dispersant and emulsifier in drilling fluids and oil well stimulation treatments.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps stabilize drilling fluids and enhance oil recovery rates.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to latex coatings and adhesives to improve stability, viscosity, and film-forming properties.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is employed in the manufacture of paper and pulp as a dispersing agent and retention aid.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps improve paper formation, strength, and retention of additives.
TSPP is used in the production of synthetic rubber and plastics as a dispersion aid and viscosity modifier.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) aids in the dispersion of fillers, pigments, and additives in polymer matrices.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to electroplating solutions as a buffering agent and brightener to improve plating quality and efficiency.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps maintain pH stability and enhance the brightness and uniformity of plated surfaces.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in the formulation of metal cleaners and degreasers to enhance cleaning performance and inhibit rust formation.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is employed in the preparation of laboratory reagents and analytical solutions as a pH buffer and complexing agent.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps maintain the desired pH and stabilize metal ions in solution for analytical testing.
In the cosmetics industry, the compound is used in skincare formulations as a pH adjuster and emulsifying agent.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps stabilize emulsions and improve the texture and spreadability of cosmetic products.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) plays a crucial role in a wide range of industries, contributing to the performance, stability, and quality of diverse products and processes.

DESCRIPTION

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) (TSPP), also known as sodium pyrophosphate, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Na4P2O7.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is a sodium salt of pyrophosphoric acid and consists of a pyrophosphate ion (P2O74-) and four sodium ions (Na+).

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is commonly used as a food additive, buffering agent, and emulsifier in various food products.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) serves as a chelating agent, sequestrant, and pH regulator in food processing, helping to stabilize and improve the texture, appearance, and shelf life of foods.
Additionally, TSPP is used in industrial applications such as water treatment, metal finishing, and detergent formulations.

In food products, TSPP may be found in items such as processed meats, seafood, canned fruits and vegetables, dairy products, baked goods, and beverages.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is a white, crystalline powder.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) has a molecular formula of Na4P2O7.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is soluble in water, forming a clear solution.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) has a high pH, making it alkaline in nature.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) has a characteristic salty taste.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) exhibits strong chelating properties, binding to metal ions in solution.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is hygroscopic, absorbing moisture from the surrounding environment.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is stable under normal storage conditions.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is commonly used as a food additive and buffering agent.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) serves as an emulsifier and thickening agent in food processing.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is often found in canned and processed food products.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps improve the texture and appearance of food items.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is also utilized in industrial applications such as water treatment.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps prevent scale formation and corrosion in water systems.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in detergents and cleaning products as a builder and water softener.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) aids in removing mineral deposits and stains from surfaces.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is an ingredient in some personal care products, including toothpaste.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) acts as a tartar control agent in dental care formulations.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is added to some pharmaceutical preparations as a stabilizer.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) helps maintain the stability and shelf life of medications.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is used in metal finishing processes for surface treatment.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) assists in the removal of rust and oxidation from metal surfaces.

Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is regulated by health and safety agencies due to its use in food and consumer products.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) is important to follow recommended usage levels and safety guidelines when handling TSPP.
Tetra Sodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) plays a crucial role in various industries for its multifunctional properties and applications.

PROPERTIES

Chemical Formula: Na4P2O7
Molecular Weight: Approximately 265.90 g/mol
Physical State: White, crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Solubility in Water: Highly soluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Insoluble in organic solvents
pH: Alkaline (basic)
Density: Approximately 2.534 g/cm³
Melting Point: Approximately 880°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air)
Flammability: Non-flammable
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.53
Surface Tension: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable
Flash Point: Not applicable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Partition Coefficient (Log P): Not applicable
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive to metals
Toxicity: Low acute toxicity
Ecotoxicity: Low environmental toxicity
Biodegradability: Not readily biodegradable
Compatibility: Compatible with most common materials and chemicals

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If TSPP dust or vapors are inhaled, immediately move the affected person to an area with fresh air.

Ensure Breathing:
If breathing is difficult, ensure an open airway and provide artificial respiration if necessary.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or chest tightness persist, seek medical attention promptly.

Provide Oxygen:
If available and trained to do so, administer oxygen to the affected person while awaiting medical assistance.

Keep Calm and Reassure:
Keep the affected person calm and reassure them while waiting for medical help.

Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If TSPP comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove any contaminated clothing.

Wash Skin Thoroughly:
Wash the affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough rinsing to remove any traces of TSPP.

Use Mild Soap:
Use a mild soap or detergent to gently cleanse the skin, avoiding harsh chemicals that may exacerbate irritation.

Apply Moisturizer:
After washing, apply a soothing moisturizer or emollient to the affected area to help soothe and hydrate the skin.

Seek Medical Advice:
If skin irritation persists or worsens, seek medical advice or consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.

Eye Contact:

Flush with Water:
Immediately flush the eyes with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.

Remove Contact Lenses:
If wearing contact lenses, remove them as soon as possible to facilitate irrigation of the eyes.

Seek Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention or contact an eye specialist if irritation, pain, or redness persists after flushing.

Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting if TSPP has been ingested, as it may lead to further complications.

Do Not Drink Water:
Refrain from giving anything by mouth to the affected person unless instructed by medical personnel.

Seek Medical Assistance:
Immediately contact a poison control center or seek medical assistance for further guidance and treatment.

Provide Information:
Provide medical personnel with details regarding the amount ingested, the time of ingestion, and any symptoms experienced by the affected person.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (such as long sleeves and pants), when handling TSPP to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ventilation:
Use local exhaust ventilation or work in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of dust or vapors. Avoid breathing in TSPP dust or mist.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin contact with TSPP. In case of skin contact, promptly wash affected areas with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

Eye Protection:
Wear safety goggles or a face shield to protect eyes from potential splashes or mists of TSPP. In case of eye contact, immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Handling Equipment:
Use equipment made of compatible materials, such as stainless steel, glass, or plastic, for handling and transferring TSPP. Avoid the use of reactive metals like aluminum or copper.

Prevent Spills:
Handle TSPP containers with care to prevent spills or leaks. Use appropriate containment measures, such as secondary containment trays or spill kits, in areas where spills may occur.

Do Not Inhale Dust:
Avoid inhaling TSPP dust or mist. Use engineering controls such as dust extraction systems or wear respiratory protection if handling TSPP in powdered form generates dust.

Do Not Eat, Drink, or Smoke:
Refrain from eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where TSPP is handled to prevent accidental ingestion.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of TSPP with the product name, hazard symbols, handling instructions, and storage conditions to ensure proper identification and safe handling.

Training:
Provide training to personnel handling TSPP on safe handling procedures, emergency response protocols, and the use of personal protective equipment.

Storage:

Container Selection:
Store TSPP in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or glass, to prevent moisture ingress and contamination.

Temperature Control:
Store TSPP in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Maintain storage temperatures between 10°C to 30°C (50°F to 86°F).

Avoid Freezing:
Protect TSPP from freezing temperatures, as freezing may cause clumping or solidification of the compound. If frozen, allow the material to thaw completely before use.

Separation:
Store TSPP away from incompatible substances, including strong acids, oxidizing agents, and reactive metals, to prevent chemical reactions or hazards.

Stability:
TSPP is stable under normal storage conditions. Store containers tightly closed to minimize air exposure and degradation.

Handling Precautions:
Handle containers with care to prevent damage or leakage. Store containers on shelves or racks with adequate support and spacing to prevent tipping or falling.

Security Measures:
Implement security measures, such as locked storage areas or restricted access, to prevent unauthorized handling or tampering with TSPP.

Keep Away from Children and Pets:
Store TSPP out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion or exposure.

Emergency Response Preparedness:
Have appropriate spill containment and cleanup materials readily available in case of spills or leaks. Train personnel on proper spill response procedures and emergency protocols.

Regular Inspections:
Regularly inspect TSPP storage areas for signs of damage, leaks, or deterioration of containers. Replace damaged or deteriorated containers promptly.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C10H16N2O4.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is an organic peroxide that is commonly used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents and cleaning products.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water.

CAS Number: 10543-57-4
EC Number: 234-546-6

APPLICATIONS

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is commonly used in laundry detergents for both household and commercial applications.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is effective in removing stains from a variety of fabrics, including cotton, polyester, and synthetics.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in stain pre-treatment products to help loosen and remove tough stains before washing.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in laundry bleach products to enhance the whitening and brightening of fabrics.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in laundry boosters to increase the efficacy of other cleaning agents.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in color-safe laundry products to prevent color fading or bleeding during washing.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is added to laundry powders, liquids, and capsules to provide powerful stain removal capabilities.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in laundry additives designed to tackle specific types of stains, such as protein-based stains or greasy/oily stains.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in laundry products for industrial and institutional use, such as hotels, hospitals, and laundromats.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in laundry pods or tablets to deliver precise dosing and convenient use.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in oxygen bleach formulations for both household and industrial cleaning applications.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is added to laundry detergents intended for use in hard water areas to enhance their performance.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in fabric care products, such as fabric conditioners, to improve the softness and freshness of garments.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in laundry products formulated for sensitive skin, as it is known to be gentle and non-irritating.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is added to laundry detergents to boost their efficacy in removing tough, set-in stains.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in laundry stain removers to target specific types of stains, such as wine, coffee, or ink.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in laundry products for high-efficiency (HE) washing machines, ensuring optimal cleaning performance.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in laundry products for hand-washing or soaking delicate fabrics.
TAED is utilized in laundry detergents designed for baby clothes, ensuring effective stain removal and gentle care.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is added to laundry products for sports apparel to remove odor-causing bacteria and stains from sweat and dirt.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in laundry products for uniforms and workwear, helping to remove tough stains and maintain a clean appearance.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in laundry products for pet bedding and fabrics, effectively eliminating pet-related stains and odors.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in laundry products for outdoor gear, such as hiking or camping clothing, to remove dirt, mud, and stains.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is added to laundry products for heavily soiled fabrics, such as industrial or agricultural clothing, to ensure thorough cleaning.
TAED is utilized in laundry products for multi-purpose use, providing all-in-one stain removal, fabric care, and whitening benefits.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is widely used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents to enhance the cleaning performance.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps in the efficient removal of tough stains, such as coffee, tea, wine, and food residues.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is effective in whitening and brightening fabrics, restoring their original color and vibrancy.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is particularly useful in low-temperature washing, allowing effective stain removal even at colder water temperatures.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in eco-friendly laundry detergents, promoting energy savings and environmental sustainability.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) aids in preventing the redeposition of dirt and stains on fabrics during the washing process.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is widely employed in industrial cleaning products for stain and dirt removal.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in institutional settings such as hotels and hospitals to maintain clean and hygienic textiles.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in carpet cleaners, helping to remove deep-seated stains and revive the appearance of carpets.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in surface cleaners to effectively eliminate stubborn stains on various surfaces.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) plays a vital role in oxidative hair dyes by activating the color development process and promoting long-lasting hair color.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in textile processing to remove impurities and prepare textiles for dyeing or printing.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in laundry pods or capsules to ensure efficient stain removal and fabric care.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps to improve the performance of laundry detergents in hard water conditions.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in color-safe bleaching agents to remove stains without affecting the color of the fabric.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in oxygen-based bleaching systems for household and industrial cleaning.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in laundry boosters to enhance the cleaning power of detergents.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in stain removers to target specific stains on fabrics, including oil, grease, and ink stains.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is compatible with various types of fabrics, including cotton, polyester, and blends.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in laundry pre-soaks to treat heavily stained garments before regular washing.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in laundry powders, liquids, and gels for effective stain removal.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is utilized in laundry additives for fabric whitening and brightening.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in oxygen bleach formulations for household and commercial laundry applications.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in color-safe laundry bleach to maintain the vibrancy and brightness of colored fabrics.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is an important ingredient in laundry products designed to deliver exceptional cleaning results, even in challenging stain conditions.

Some of its main applications include:

Bleach Activator:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is widely used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) enhances the performance of hydrogen peroxide-based bleaching agents by generating active oxygen, which aids in the removal of stains and dirt from fabrics.

Stain Removal:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps in the effective removal of tough stains such as coffee, tea, wine, grass, and food residues.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) boosts the cleaning power of laundry detergents, making them more efficient in tackling stubborn stains.

Fabric Whitening:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) contributes to the whitening and brightening of fabrics.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps to restore the original whiteness of clothes that may have become dull or discolored over time.

Cold Water Washing:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is particularly useful in low-temperature laundry applications.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) enables effective stain removal and fabric whitening even at lower washing temperatures, saving energy and reducing environmental impact.

Stain Prevention:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) plays a role in preventing the redeposition of dirt and stains on fabrics during the washing process.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps to keep the removed particles suspended in the wash water, preventing them from reattaching to the fabric.

Eco-Friendly Detergents:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a key component in the formulation of eco-friendly laundry detergents.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) enables efficient stain removal and fabric care at lower temperatures, reducing the need for hot water washing and saving energy.

Industrial Cleaning:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) finds applications in industrial cleaning products, such as stain removers, carpet cleaners, and surface cleaners.
Its bleach activation properties make it effective in removing stains and dirt from various surfaces.

Institutional Cleaning:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used in commercial and institutional cleaning settings, including hotels, hospitals, and laundromats.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps in achieving superior cleaning results and maintaining the cleanliness of linens and textiles.

Oxidative Hair Dyes:
In the cosmetic industry, TAED is used as an ingredient in oxidative hair dyes.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) assists in the color development process by activating the dye precursors and promoting color fixation on the hair.

Textile Processing:
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is employed in textile processing as a bleaching agent.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) aids in the removal of impurities and the brightening of textiles before dyeing or printing processes.

DESCRIPTION

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C10H16N2O4.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is an organic peroxide that is commonly used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents and cleaning products.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) acts as a catalyst for the production of active oxygen, which helps in the removal of stains and dirt during the washing process.
When combined with hydrogen peroxide, TAED enhances its bleaching efficiency and effectiveness at lower temperatures.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is considered safe to use in household and industrial applications when handled properly.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is a white crystalline powder.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) has a molecular formula of C10H16N2O4.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is an organic peroxide compound.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is commonly used as a bleach activator in laundry detergents.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) enhances the bleaching efficiency of hydrogen peroxide.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) acts as a catalyst to generate active oxygen for stain removal.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is highly soluble in water.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is stable at room temperature.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is odorless and non-toxic.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is readily biodegradable.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is compatible with various detergent formulations.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is effective in removing tough stains such as coffee, tea, and wine.

This bleach activator works well in both cold and warm water.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) improves the whitening performance of laundry products.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps to brighten and revive dull fabrics.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is suitable for use in both household and industrial applications.
TAED is used in laundry detergents, stain removers, and fabric care products.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is gentle on fabrics and does not cause damage or discoloration.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is safe for use with most types of fabrics, including cotton, polyester, and blends.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is compatible with both top-loading and front-loading washing machines.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) can be combined with other laundry additives for enhanced cleaning results.

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is effective in removing both organic and inorganic stains.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) helps to prevent the redeposition of dirt and stains on fabrics.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is an important ingredient in eco-friendly and low-temperature laundry products.
Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) contributes to the overall performance and efficacy of modern laundry detergents.

PROPERTIES

Chemical Formula: C10H16N2O4
Molecular Weight: 228.25 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Solubility: Soluble in water and organic solvents like ethanol and acetone
Melting Point: 92-94 °C (197-201 °F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 1.33 g/cm3
pH: Neutral (7)
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Hygroscopicity: Non-hygroscopic
Combustibility: Non-combustible
Explosive Properties: Not explosive
Oxidizing Properties: Non-oxidizing
Viscosity: Not available
Refractive Index: Not available
Surface Tension: Not available
Crystal Structure: Crystalline solid
Decomposition Temperature: Starts decomposing around 150 °C (302 °F)
Solubility in Water: Freely soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in ethanol, acetone, and other organic solvents
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air and ensure they are in a well-ventilated area.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen or artificial respiration as needed.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide the medical personnel with information about the exposure.

Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring thorough removal of the substance.
If irritation or redness persists, seek medical attention.
Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly before reuse.

Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently but thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, while holding the eyelids open to ensure complete irrigation.
Remove contact lenses, if applicable and easily removable, after rinsing for a few minutes.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the exposure.

Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth and drink plenty of water to dilute the substance.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention and provide information about the exposure.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protection:
When handling TAED, wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing to prevent direct skin contact.
If handling in a confined space or during prolonged exposure, use respiratory protection in the form of a properly fitted mask or respirator.

Ventilation:
Ensure that handling areas are well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of vapors or dust.
If necessary, use local exhaust ventilation to control airborne concentrations and maintain air quality.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Take precautions to prevent inhalation of dust or vapors.
Avoid ingestion or swallowing of the substance.

Handling Practices:
Handle TAED with care to minimize the generation of dust or aerosols.
Use appropriate equipment, such as sealed containers or closed systems, during transfers to prevent spills and leaks.
Clean up any spills or leaks promptly, following proper containment and disposal procedures.

Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store TAED in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep the substance away from heat sources, open flames, and direct sunlight.
Maintain stable temperatures to prevent degradation or decomposition.
Store away from incompatible materials, such as strong oxidizing agents or reactive substances.

Packaging and Containers:
Store TAED in tightly sealed, properly labeled containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.
Ensure that containers are kept upright to prevent leaks or spills.
Avoid storing in containers made of materials that can react with TAED.

Specific Storage Considerations:
Follow any specific storage recommendations provided by the manufacturer or supplier.
Store TAED away from food, beverages, and animal feed to prevent accidental contamination.
Keep the substance out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.

Storage Stability:
Observe the recommended shelf-life and expiration dates provided by the manufacturer.
Regularly inspect storage conditions and containers for any signs of damage or deterioration.
Maintain proper inventory control and rotation to ensure the use of the oldest stock first.

SYNONYMS

TAED
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid tetraacetate
Acetyl ethylenediamine
Ethylenediamine acetylacetate
EDDA tetraacetate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl
1,2-Ethanediamine tetraacetate
N,N'-Bis(acetyl)ethylenediamine
Tetraacetyldiaminobutane
Tetraacetyldiethylenetriamine
Ethylenediamine tetracetyl
Ethylenediamine tetraacetylate
Tetraacetyl ethylene diamine
Ethylenediamine tetracetate
N,N-Bis(acetyl)ethylenediamine
N,N-Diacetyletylenediamine
N,N-Di(acetyl)ethylenediamine
Acetylated ethylenediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative
Tetraacetyl-1,2-diaminopropane
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyldiaminomethane
Acetyl ethylenediaminetetramine
Tetraacetylenediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetylenedicarboxylate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetylethylene-1,2-diamine
Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-propanediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetate tetrahydrate
Acetylated ethylene diamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-butanediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine tetrahydrate
Ethylenediamine tetracetyl derivative tetrahydrate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,3-diaminopropane
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,4-diaminobutane
Tetraacetyl ethylene diamine tetrahydrate
Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine tetrahydrate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative tetrahydrate
Acetylated ethylene-1,2-diamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-cyclohexanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-phenylenediamine
Ethylenediamine tetraacetate tetrahydrate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethylenediamine hydrochloride
Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine hydrochloride
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine hydrobromide
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative hydrobromide
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine hydrobromide
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine sulfate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative sulfate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine sulfate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine phosphate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative phosphate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine phosphate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine nitrate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative nitrate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine nitrate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine acetate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative acetate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine acetate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine citrate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative citrate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine citrate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine succinate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative succinate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine succinate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine malate
Ethylenediamine tetraacetyl derivative malate
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine malate
N,N,N',N'-Tetraacetyl-1,2-ethanediamine lactate

N,N'-ethylenebis(diacetamide); 1,2-Bis-(diacetamido)-ethane; 1,2-Bis(diacetylamino)ethane CAS NO:10543-57-4

Tetraacetylethylenediamine; TAED, N,N'-ethylenebis(diacetamide) cas no: 10543-57-4

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is an organic compound that falls into the dithiocarbamate family, characterized by its chemical formula C30H36N2S4.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) presents itself as a white powder, with a melting point ranging from 121 to 123° C.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) exhibits insolubility in water and possesses low volatility.

CAS Number: 10591-85-2
Mollecular Formula: C30H28N2S4
Mollecular Weşght: 544.82
EINECS Number: 404-310-0

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) finds application as both an intermediate for synthesizing other compounds and as an accelerator for rubber vulcanization.
Additionally, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) serves as a fungicide and a plant growth regulator.
Extensive research has been conducted on Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) to explore its capability to modulate the activity of enzymes, receptors, and other molecules involved in signal transduction pathways.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is utilization has facilitated the examination of specific proteins′ roles in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.
The mode of action of tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide involves inhibiting enzymes associated with signal transduction pathways.
By binding to the enzyme′s active site, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) effectively obstructs its activity.

Moreover, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) engages with other molecules within the pathway, such as receptors, thereby modulating their functionality.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a safe and fast primary thiuram accelerator for NR, IR, BR, SBR and NBR.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) used as a secondary accelerator too.

In NR, in association with CBS, it is better in reversion and heat build-up than Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and it has a longer scorch time.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), it is a good booster when is combining with other accelerators.
In mercaptan modified CR, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a scorch retarder when it is used with thiuoureas.

As a safe Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), it can replace TMTD.
Generally, 1phr of TMTD to 2phr of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
An addition of ̴ 0.3phr of ZBEC exhibits to reach similar curing time.

In thick rubber parts, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) improves antireversant effect of HTS or Vultac.
For compound containing a high level of silica, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) increases filler rubber bound.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) could be used also in devulcanization process for reclaiming uses with addition of sulfur, stearic and ZnO.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic sulfur compounds.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is commonly used as an accelerator in the vulcanization of rubber.
Vulcanization is a chemical process that improves the strength, elasticity, and durability of rubber by cross-linking the polymer chains.

In the vulcanization process, accelerators like Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) promote the formation of cross-links between the polymer chains, leading to a more stable and resilient rubber product.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is particularly used in the production of tires and other rubber goods.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) offers advantages such as a relatively low risk of producing nitrosamines, which are potentially harmful compounds that can form during the vulcanization process with certain accelerators.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) has gained attention as a safer alternative in the rubber industry.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) by Ningbo Actmix Rubber Chemicals is a 70 wt% tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide.
Acts as a vulcanization accelerator.

Addition of thiazoles or sulfenamides accelerators can slow down vulcanization, shorten scorching and vulcanization time and increase vulcanization degree indistinctively.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) F140 can be activated by alkaline accelerators such as aldehyde-amines and guanidines.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) used in tire treads, hoses, conveyor belting, shoes and other industrial products.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is recommended addition level is 0.2-2.0 phr with 0.9-2.8 phr sulfur.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is an environmentally friendly vulcanization accelerator, which has attracted much attention in recent years.
In contrast to traditional synthesis technologies, which create stoichiometric sodium sulfate or sodium chloride waste salts, carefully studied an electrosynthesis method of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) based on flow reactors, which prevented the generation of salt.

Two reactors with different electrode areas were used to implement the electrochemical oxidative coupling reaction of sodium dibenzyl dithiocarbamates, and effects of potential, current, electrode material, electrode distance, flow rate, concentration, and temperature on the yield and space time yield of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) were carefully investigated.
Almost 100% Faraday efficiency of the reaction was obtained at relatively optimized reaction condition and the highest yield of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) reached 86%.

Although the yield of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) did not reach 100% in the electrosynthesis reaction, the circulation of aqueous phase demonstrated by a membrane separator assisted flow reaction system helped to accomplish fully conversion of initial amine and carbon disulfide and atomic economic synthesis of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a sulfur-containing organic compound that is widely used as a rubber accelerator.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a white to light yellow powder that is soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a safer alternative to traditional rubber accelerators, such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD), which is known to cause skin sensitization and other health hazards.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) has gained significant attention in recent years due to its unique properties and potential applications in various fields.

This rubber accelerator Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is light yellow or off-white powder.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is density is 1.33 g/cm3.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is soluble in benzene, chloroform, and ethanol, but insoluble in water.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is tasteless and it does not absorb moisture.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is stable to store.
Rhenogran TBzTD-70 is 70 % Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and 30 % elastomer binder and dispersing agents appearing as beige granules.

This accelerator is used in natural and synthetic rubber vulcanization, and as a vulcanizing agent for sulfurless or low sulfur vulcanizations requiring heat and aging resistance.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) finds application in technical and heat resistant rubber articles such as cable sheathing and insulation.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), along with sulfur and other accelerators, helps form cross-links between polymer chains in rubber.

These cross-links improve the mechanical properties of the rubber, such as its strength, elasticity, and resistance to heat and aging.
The vulcanization process is crucial for transforming raw rubber into a durable and elastic material suitable for various industrial applications.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), it is important to handle TBzTD with care and follow safety guidelines provided by manufacturers and regulatory authorities.

Proper storage, handling, and disposal procedures should be followed to minimize potential risks to human health and the environment.
Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States, may have guidelines and regulations governing the use of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and other chemical substances to ensure their safe handling and minimize environmental impact.

Melting point: 124°C
Boiling point: 687.0±65.0 °C(Predicted)
Density: 1.288±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
vapor pressure: 0.85-0.86Pa at 25℃
solubility: 190 in mg/100g standard fat at 20 ℃
pka: 0.79±0.50(Predicted)
Water Solubility: 10μg/L at 21℃
LogP: 3.7 at 20℃

Developed to replace thiurams such as Rubace Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) where the presence of nitrosamines is of concern.
The dibenzylnitrosamine is not carcinogenic according to published literature.
A fast curing primary or secondary accelerator in NR, SBR and NBR applications.

Be safer to process, providing longer scorch times than Rubace Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
May be used as retarder in the vulcanisation of polychloroprene rubber.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) as Accelerator Market Growth 2020-2025 available at MarketandResearch.

The report answers what are the scenarios for the growth of the global Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) as Accelerator market.
The report highlights substantial factors related to the market including market size, revenue, production, CAGR, consumption, gross margin, and price.
While emphasizing the key driving and restraining forces for this market, the report also provides an in-depth study of the future trends and developments of the market.

Worldwide players of the market are explored in the report.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is considered a safer alternative to certain other accelerators due to its lower risk of forming nitrosamines, it is still important to consider its potential environmental impact.
The disposal of rubber products containing Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and the production processes involving this compound should be managed in accordance with environmental regulations to prevent adverse effects on ecosystems.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) gained attention in the rubber industry as an alternative to traditional accelerators due to concerns about nitrosamine formation.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is usage has been studied and implemented in various rubber formulations to meet both performance and safety requirements.
Ongoing research and development efforts may focus on further optimizing the performance of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) in rubber vulcanization processes and exploring its applications in other industries or materials.

The demand for accelerators in the rubber industry, including compounds like Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), is influenced by the global demand for tires and rubber products.
Market trends, regulations, and innovations in the rubber industry can impact the usage of TBzTD.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is chosen for its lower nitrosamine-forming potential, it is important to consider potential health effects associated with its use.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), there are various other accelerators used in the rubber industry, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.
The choice of accelerator depends on the specific requirements of the rubber product and regulatory considerations.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) involves its production, distribution, and incorporation into rubber formulations.

Understanding and optimizing the supply chain are essential for ensuring the availability of this compound for various industrial applications.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is generally not considered highly biodegradable.
The environmental fate of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), like many chemical compounds, depends on factors such as soil conditions, microbial activity, and other environmental variables.

Different countries and regions may have specific regulations and restrictions regarding the use, handling, and disposal of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
Compliance with these regulations is essential to ensure the safe and responsible use of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD)'s compatibility with various types of rubber formulations is an important consideration.

Rubber manufacturers may choose accelerators based on their compatibility with specific polymers and the desired properties of the final rubber product.
Industries and research institutions may collaborate to explore and improve the performance of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
Collaboration can lead to innovations in rubber technology, safer manufacturing processes, and more sustainable products.

Conducting a life cycle assessment of products containing Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is essential for understanding the environmental impact throughout their entire life cycle.
This assessment considers factors such as raw material extraction, manufacturing, product use, and end-of-life disposal.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is known for its low nitrosamine-forming potential, researchers may explore and develop new accelerator compounds with improved environmental and health profiles.

The search for alternatives is ongoing to address evolving industry needs and sustainability goals.
Workers involved in the production of rubber products and those handling Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) should be aware of potential occupational exposure risks.
Occupational safety measures, including personal protective equipment and workplace ventilation, are crucial to minimize exposure.

Monitoring market trends related to Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) can provide insights into its continued use, demand, and potential innovations within the rubber industry.
Market dynamics, technological advancements, and consumer preferences can influence the trajectory of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and related compounds.
Sustainability Initiatives:

Industries may adopt sustainability initiatives to reduce the environmental impact of their processes, including the use of accelerators like Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
This could involve optimizing manufacturing practices, improving energy efficiency, and exploring eco-friendly alternatives.

Uses:
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is one of the many lubricating oil for fork truck bearing; Also, it is derived from Dibenzylamine (D417505), which is a chemical contaminant in L-(+)-β-hydroxybutyrate, exhibits direct anticonvulsant actions in vivo.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) was developed for the purpose of replacing thiuram accelerators such as WILLINGTMTD, mainly because thiuram accelerators are prone to produce carcinogenic nitrosamines, while diphenylnitrosamines are not carcinogenic.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) used in NR, SBR, EPDM, NBR systems, it can be used as a fast primary accelerator or secondary accelerator.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is safer and has a longer anti-scorch time than WILLINGTMTD.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is sometimes used as a PVC rubber vulcanization inhibitor.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a safe secondary amine accelerator.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) does not produce pollution, discolor, or cause cancer, which is an eco-friendly product.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is mainly used to replace the TMTD which produces harmful nitrosamines during vulcanization.
According to the published article, N-nitroso-dibenzylamine is not carcinogenic.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) can be used as the primary accelerator or secondary accelerator in the fast vulcanization of NR, SBR and NBR.
When used together with Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) for modified CR, TBzTD functions as an inhibitor.
In addition, Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) has better scorch resistance than TMTD.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is primarily used as an accelerator in the vulcanization process of rubber, especially in the production of tires, conveyor belts, and other rubber products.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is known for its ability to promote vulcanization without the formation of nitrosamines, which is a positive characteristic for health and safety considerations.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is commonly used in the production of tires to improve their strength, durability, and overall performance.

The vulcanization process, facilitated by accelerators like Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), transforms raw rubber into a more resilient material suitable for use in tires.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is also used in the manufacture of various rubber products such as conveyor belts, hoses, seals, gaskets, footwear, and automotive parts.
The vulcanization process enhances the mechanical properties of these products.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is chosen for its relatively low risk of forming nitrosamines during the vulcanization process.
Nitrosamines are potentially harmful compounds, and the rubber industry often seeks accelerators that minimize their formation for safety and regulatory reasons.
As with many chemical compounds, ongoing research may explore new applications or formulations involving Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).

Researchers may investigate ways to optimize its performance, enhance compatibility with specific rubber types, or explore its use in emerging technologies.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) contributes to the improved performance of rubber products by enhancing their mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elasticity, and resistance to heat and aging.
Vulcanization with Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) results in a more stable and durable rubber material.

Rubber manufacturers may use Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) in combination with other accelerators, sulfur, and processing aids to achieve specific vulcanization characteristics.
The choice of accelerator and formulation depends on the desired properties of the final rubber product.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is often chosen as an alternative to other accelerators with a higher risk of forming nitrosamines during the vulcanization process.

Nitrosamines are considered potentially carcinogenic, so the use of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) aligns with safety and regulatory considerations.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) exhibits compatibility with different types of rubber, including natural rubber and various synthetic rubbers.
This versatility makes it a valuable choice for formulators working with diverse rubber compounds.

In the rubber industry, quality control measures are essential to ensure the consistency and reliability of the final products.
Manufacturers carefully monitor and adjust the vulcanization process, including the use of accelerators like Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), to meet specific quality standards.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is used globally in the production of rubber goods, contributing to the manufacturing of tires and various industrial and consumer products.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is widespread use underscores its importance in the rubber industry on a global scale.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) must comply with regional and international regulations governing the handling, use, and disposal of chemicals.
Compliance with safety data sheets (SDS) and other regulatory requirements is crucial for responsible chemical management.

While Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a popular choice due to its favorable characteristics, ongoing research may explore alternative accelerators or innovations in rubber vulcanization processes.
The industry may continue to evolve with an emphasis on sustainability and environmental considerations.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) participates in the vulcanization process by promoting the formation of cross-links between polymer chains in rubber.

This process involves the reaction of sulfur with rubber Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD)s, leading to the creation of a three-dimensional network that enhances the physical properties of the rubber.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) exhibits improved heat resistance.
This is particularly important in applications where rubber products are exposed to high temperatures, such as in the manufacturing of tires and other automotive components.

Rubber products that undergo vulcanization with Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) are found in various end-user goods, including vehicles, industrial machinery, footwear, and consumer products.
The use of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) helps ensure that these rubber items meet performance standards and withstand environmental conditions.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) contributes to the quality and performance of tires by enhancing their traction, wear resistance, and overall durability.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD)'s role in tire manufacturing is critical for producing tires that meet safety standards and deliver optimal performance on the road.
Proper storage and handling practices are important for TBzTD to maintain its efficacy and safety.
Manufacturers and end-users need to follow guidelines for the storage conditions, transportation, and disposal of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) to prevent any degradation or unintended environmental impact.

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) needs to be compatible with the processing equipment used in rubber manufacturing.
This includes considerations for mixing, extrusion, and molding processes to ensure a smooth and efficient production process.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is used with various types of rubber polymers, including natural rubber and synthetic rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and polybutadiene rubber (BR).

Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is versatility allows for its incorporation into a wide range of rubber formulations.
Ongoing research may focus on developing improved formulations of rubber compounds using Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
This could involve efforts to enhance the efficiency of the vulcanization process, reduce the overall environmental impact, and meet evolving industry standards.

The demand for Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and other rubber accelerators is influenced by factors such as global economic conditions, automotive industry trends, and consumer preferences.
Changes in market dynamics can impact the usage and production of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).

Safety Profile:
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. Direct skin contact or exposure to aerosols or dust can lead to irritation.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is advisable to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) dust or vapors may cause respiratory irritation.

Proper ventilation and, if necessary, respiratory protection should be used to minimize inhalation exposure.
Some individuals may develop sensitization or allergic reactions upon repeated exposure to Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD).
This can lead to skin sensitization, respiratory sensitization, or both. It is important to monitor and manage exposure to prevent sensitization reactions.

The toxicity of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is a concern, and exposure should be kept to a minimum.
This includes both acute and chronic toxicity.
Adherence to recommended exposure limits and safety guidelines is essential.

Environmental Impact:
Improper disposal of Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) or its byproducts could have adverse effects on the environment.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is important to follow proper waste disposal procedures and comply with environmental regulations to minimize environmental impact.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) is not considered highly flammable, but it may contribute to the combustion of other materials.

Firefighters and emergency responders should be aware of the potential hazards associated with fires involving Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and take appropriate precautions.
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) may be incompatible with certain materials, and reactions with incompatible substances could lead to hazardous conditions.
It is important to store Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) away from incompatible chemicals and follow guidelines for proper storage.

Synonyms:
Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide
10591-85-2
Tetrabenzylthiuramdisulfide
dibenzylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dibenzylcarbamodithioate
BENZYLTUADS
tetrakis(phenylmethyl)thioperoxydi(carbothioamide)
NSC608475
NSC-608475
CHEMBL120082
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(phenylmethyl)-
Benzyl tuex
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(phenylmethyl)-
Disulfide, bis(dibenzylthiocarbamoyl)
EC 404-310-0
tetrabenzyl thiuram disulfide
SCHEMBL80045
DTXSID20872988
WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BDBM50414936
MFCD09842304
AKOS016036661
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), tetrakis(phenylmethyl)-
N,N,N',N'-Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide
Bis(N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
AS-15367
CS-0380026
T3925
BIS(DIBENZYLAMINETHIOCARBONYL)DISULFIDE
D97725
1,1',1'',1'''-{Dithiobis[(thioxomethylene)nitrilodi(methylene)]}tetrabenzene

SYNONYMS Tetrabutoxysilane CAS NO:4766-57-8

Tetrabromobisphenol A is one of the most common fire retardants.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is highly pure, cost-effective and once reacted, it is permanent and non-migrating.

CAS Number: 79-94-7
EC Number: 201-236-9
MDL number: MFCD00013962
Linear Formula: (CH3)2C[C6H2(Br)2OH]2
Molecular formula: C15H12Br4O2

SYNONYMS:
Phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis[2,6-dibromo-, Phenol, 4,4'-isopropylidenebis[2,6-dibromo- (6CI,7CI,8CI), 4,4'-(1-Methylethylidene)bis[2,6-dibromophenol], 2,2-Bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)propane, 2,2',6,6'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, 3,3',5,5'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, 3,5,3',5'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, 4,4'-Isopropylidenebis[2,6-dibromophenol], BA 59, BA 59BP, BA 59P, Bromdian, CP 2000, FCP 2010, FG 2000, FR 1524, Fire Guard 2000, Firemaster BP 4A, Flame Cut 120G, Flame Cut 120R, GLCBA 59P, NSC 59775, PB 100, RB 100, Saytex CP 2000, Saytex RB 100, Saytex RB 100PC, T 0032, TBBPA, Tetrabromobisphenol A, Tetrabromodian, Tetrabromodiphenylolpropane, 4,4′-Isopropylidenebis(2,6-dibromophenol), TBBPA, Tetrabromobisphenol A, 79-94-7, 3,3',5,5'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)bis(2,6-dibromophenol), Bromdian, 4,4'-Isopropylidenebis(2,6-dibromophenol), 2,2-Bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, TBBPA, Firemaster BP 4A, Tetrabromodian, Fire Guard 2000, Great Lakes BA-59P, Saytex RB 100PC, Tetrabromodiphenylopropane, Firemaster BP4A, 2,2',6,6'-TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A, 2,6-dibromo-4-[2-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, FG 2000, Phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis[2,6-dibromo-, 4,4'-(1-Methylethylidene)bis(2,6-dibromophenol), BA 59, 3,5,3',5'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, NSC 59775, 4,4'-propane-2,2-diylbis(2,6-dibromophenol), DTXSID1026081, Saytex RB-100, 4,4'-Isopropylylidenebis(2,6-dibromophenol), 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)propane, FQI02RFC3A, 2,2',6,6'-Tetrabromo-4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol, CHEMBL184450, 33'55'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, CHEBI:33217, Phenol, 4,4'-isopropylidenebis(2,6-dibromo-, Phenol, 4,4'-isopropylidenebis[2,6-dibromo-, 4,4'-(2,2-propanediyl) bis[2,6-dibromo]phenol, MFCD00013962, NSC-59775, Phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis(2,6-dibromo-, FR-1524, Tetrabromobisphenol A 50 microg/mL in Methanol, DTXCID406081, CAS-79-94-7, CCRIS 6274, Tetrabromo bisphenol A, HSDB 5232, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis[2,6-dibromophenol], EINECS 201-236-9, UNII-FQI02RFC3A, 3,3',5,5'-Tetrabromo bisphenol A, FLAME CUT 120G, 4,4'-(2,2-PROPANEDIYL)BIS(2,6-DIBROMOPHENOL), 3osw, XDI, 4,6-dibromophenol), 2,6-dibromo-4-[1-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]phenol, TBBA/TBBPA, TBBP-A, Saytex RB-100 ABS, 2,5-dibromophenyl)propane, TETRABROMO-4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL, bmse000567, Tetrabromobisphenol ''A'', EC 201-236-9, 2,2,6,6-Tetrabromo-4,4-Isopropylidene Phenol, 4,4′-(Propane-2,2-diyl)bis(2,6-dibromophenol), 2,2-Bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane; 4,4′-Isopropylidenebis(2,6-dibromophenol), 2,2-Bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl)propane-D6; 2,2′,6,6′-Tetrabromobisphenol A-D6; 3,3′,5,5′-Tetrabromobisphenol A-D6

Tetrabromobisphenol A, also known as TBBPA, and two of its derivative substances, TBBPA bis(2-hydroxyethyl ether) and TBBPA bis(allyl ether), are industrial chemicals from a family of chemicals known as brominated flame retardants.
Tetrabromobisphenol A, TBBPA bis(2-hydroxyethyl ether) and TBBPA bis(allyl ether) are used as flame retardants in plastics and resins.

Tetrabromobisphenol A may also be used in polystyrene foams.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.

Tetrabromobisphenol A acts as a flame retardant.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is highly pure, cost-effective and once reacted, it is permanent and non-migrating.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is compatible with epoxy resin, PC, phenolic resin, PS, ABS, polyester and unsaturated polyester.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated flame retardant
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a white solid (not colorless), although commercial samples appear yellow.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is one of the most common flame retardant

Commercial grade Tetrabromobisphenol A will have a varying degree of bromination i.e. not all will be tetra-brominated TBBP-A have been registered under REACH.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated flame retardant.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is a white solid (not colorless), although commercial samples appear yellow.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is one of the most common fire retardants.
Tetrabromobisphenol A belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bisphenols.

These are methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone).
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated flame retardant.

Tetrabromobisphenol A has the largest market among brominated flame retardants.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a white to off-white powder melting point of 180 -184°C ; soluble in methanol and ether.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is produced by the bromination of BPA (bisphenol A) with various solvents such as halocarbon alone, hydrobromic acid, aqueous alkyl monoethers, acetic acid ( with sodium acetate to improve colouror) or methanol (methyl bromide is expected as a co-product).

Tetrabromobisphenol A is the largest volume brominated flame retardant (BFR) in production today to improve fire safety of mainly electrical and electronic equipment.
The main application of Tetrabromobisphenol A is as a reactive flame retardant in laminates (e.g. epoxy resins) for an estimated 90+% of printed wiring boards.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is chemically bound in these applications and has no potential for emissions to the environment Among all the different flame retardants that can be used in printed wiring boards, Tetrabromobisphenol A is the most well researched flame retardant.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a white solid (not colorless), although commercial samples appear yellow.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is one of the most common flame retardants.
Tetrabromobisphenol A, also known as TBBPA, and two of its derivative substances, TBBPA bis(2-hydroxyethyl ether) and TBBPA bis(allyl ether), are industrial chemicals from a family of chemicals known as brominated flame retardants.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated form of bisphenol A, a compound used for many years in plastics and known to have numerous endocrine disrupting effects in humans, rodent research models, and wildlife.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a white powder.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is a monomer for flame-retardant epoxy, polyester and polycarboante resins.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a bromobisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups and the phenyl rings are substituted by bromo groups at positions 2, 2', 6 and 6'.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated flame retardant.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated flame retardant and a bromobisphenol.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is functionally related to a bisphenol A.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is an organobromide compound and a brominated flame retardant.
In the reactive application, Tetrabromobisphenol A is bound chemically to the polymers.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a brominated flame retardant.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Release to the environment of Tetrabromobisphenol A can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal) and in the production of articles.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in the following products: polymers.

Other release to the environment of Tetrabromobisphenol A is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Tetrabromobisphenol A can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines).
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a flame retardant used to reduce the flammability of plastics and synthetic resins in some consumer products.

The main use of Tetrabromobisphenol A is epoxy resins of printed circuit boards.
As an additive flame retardant Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, which is found in products such as TVs.
Bromine is a halogen element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35.

Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
Tetrabromobisphenol A can be found in products with material based on: plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in the following areas: building & construction work.

Other release to the environment of Tetrabromobisphenol A is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in the following products: polymers.
Tetrabromobisphenol A has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Release to the environment of Tetrabromobisphenol A can occur from industrial use: formulation in materials, in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites and for thermoplastic manufacture.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in the following products: polymers.
Tetrabromobisphenol A has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, chemicals, electrical, electronic and optical equipment and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of Tetrabromobisphenol A can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, for thermoplastic manufacture, as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used as a reactive component of polymers, meaning that it is incorporated into the polymer backbone.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used to prepare fire-resistant polycarbonates by replacing some bisphenol A.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is used to prepare epoxy resins, used in printed circuit boards.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a widely utilized brominated derivative of bisphenol A, serving as a prevalent flame retardant in numerous consumer products such as fabrics, plastics, and electronics.

Its effectiveness in fire resistance has made Tetrabromobisphenol A one of the most common flame retardants.
Recent research has explored the environmentally friendly approach of using chitosan (CS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibrous membranes for the removal of Tetrabromobisphenol A from aquatic environments.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is mainly used as a reactive component of polymers, meaning that it is incorporated into the polymer backbone.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used to prepare fire-resistant polycarbonates by replacing some bisphenol A.
A lower grade of Tetrabromobisphenol A is used to prepare epoxy resins , used in printed circuit boards TBBP-A is one of the most commonly used brominated flame retardants globally.

The main application of Tetrabromobisphenol A is in polymers where the compound is incorporated in the polymer structure.
Tetrabromobisphenol A can be used as reactive and additive flame retardant.
In the reactive application, Tetrabromobisphenol A is bound chemically to the polymers.

The main use of Tetrabromobisphenol A are epoxy resins of printed circuit boards.
As an additive flame retardant Tetrabromobisphenol A is used in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, which are used e.g. in TVs.
The annual consumption worldwide has been estimated as 119,600 tons in 2001, of which 11,600 tons were used by the European industry.

As a reactive flame retardant, Tetrabromobisphenol Afinds particular application in epoxy,vinyl esters and polycarbonate system.
As an additive flame retardant, Tetrabromobisphenol Ais widely used in ABS,polystyrene and SAN resin.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used as a reactive flame retardant in epoxy, vinyl esters and polycarbonate resins.

The main application of Tetrabromobisphenol A in epoxy resins is in PCB (printed circuit boards) where the bromine content may be 20% by weight.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used also as a flame retardant in polymers such as ABS, polystyrenes, phenolic resins, adhesives, paper, and textiles and others.
Tetrabromobisphenol A can be combined with a synergist such as antimony trioxide for maximum flame retardant performance.

Tetrabromobisphenol A may also be used as a parent compound for the production of other commercial flame retardants, such as tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyethyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A dibromopropylether, tetrabromobisphenol A bis(allylether), tetrabromobisphenol A carbonate oligomers, and tetrabromobisphenol A brominated epoxy oligomer.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is also used as an additive flame retardant in ABS plastics.

PROUCTION AND USE OF TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
Tetrabromobisphenol A is produced by the reaction of bromine with bisphenol A.
Most commercial Tetrabromobisphenol A products consist of a mixture that differ in the degree of bromination with the formula C15H16−xBrxO2 where x = 1 to 4.

Tetrabromobisphenol A's fire-retarding properties correlate with its bromine content.
The annual consumption in Europe has been estimated as 6200 tons in 2004.

Tetrabromobisphenol A is mainly used as a reactive component of polymers, meaning that it is incorporated into the polymer backbone.
Tetrabromobisphenol A is used to prepare fire-resistant polycarbonates by replacing some bisphenol A.
A lower grade of Tetrabromobisphenol A is used to prepare epoxy resins, used in printed circuit boards

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
*Phenylpropanes
*O-bromophenols
*Bromobenzenes
*Aryl bromides
*Organooxygen compounds
*Organobromides
*Hydrocarbon derivatives

SYNTHESIS OF TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
Tetrabromobisphenol A is a derivative of bisphenol A and is synthesized from this substance.
Most commercial Tetrabromobisphenol A products are of a relatively low purity, in fact containing a mixture of products brominated to varying extents.
This is not generally considered to be a drawback, since in most applications of this substance (i.e. flame-retarding) Tetrabromobisphenol A is the average %Br that is of importance.
The mixture resulting from the bromination of bisphenol A is therefore not purified, allowing a more efficient, lower cost product.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
Molecular Weight: 543.9 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 6.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 543.75298 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 539.75708 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 40.5 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 21
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 310
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: White Powder
Formula: C15H12Br4O2
CAS No.: 79-94-7
EC No.: 201-236-9
Boiling Point (°C): 316
Melting Point (°C): 178-181
Density (20°C) (g/ml): 2.1

P Content (%): ≥99
UN: 3077
Water (%): ≤0.1%
HS CODE: 29081990
Synonyms: TBPPA
Formula: C15H12Br4O2
Molecular Weight: 543.87 g/mol
CAS No.: 79-94-7
EC No.: 201-236-9
Index No.: 604-074-00-0
Physical State: Powder
Color: White
Odor: Odorless

Melting Point/Freezing Point: 178 - 181 °C (lit.)
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: No data available
Flash Point: No data available
Autoignition Temperature: No data available
Decomposition Temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity:
Kinematic: No data available

Dynamic: No data available
Water Solubility: 1.1 g/l at 25 °C - Slightly soluble
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Log Pow: 5.903 at 25 °C
Vapor Pressure: < 0.000 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 2.17 g/cm³
Relative Density: No data available
Relative Vapor Density: No data available
Particle Characteristics: No data available
Explosive Properties: No data available
Oxidizing Properties: None
Other Safety Information: No data available

Chemical Formula: C15H12Br4O2
Molar Mass: 543.9 g·mol⁻¹
Density: 2.12 g·cm⁻³ (20 °C)
Melting Point: 178 °C (352 °F; 451 K)
Boiling Point: 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) (decomposition)
Solubility in Water: Insoluble
IUPAC Name: 2,6-dibromo-4-[2-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol
Traditional IUPAC Name: Tetrabromobisphenol A
InChI: InChI=1S/C15H12Br4O2/c1-15(2,7-3-9(16)13(20)10(17)4-7)8-5-11(18)14(21)12(19)6-8/h3-6,20-21H,1-2H3
InChI Key: VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 543.871
Exact Mass: 539.757080216
SMILES: CC(C)(C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P1
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRABROMOBISPHENOL A:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available

TETRADECANE, N° CAS : 629-59-4, Nom INCI : TETRADECANE, Nom chimique : Tetradecane. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 211-096-0. Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS). Ses fonctions (INCI), Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques

Bromophthal; Bromphthal; Saytex RB 49; 3,4,5,6-Tetrabromophthalic anhydride; 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1,3-isobenzofurandione; Tetrabromophthalic anhydride; Tetrabromophthalic acid anhydride CAS NO:632-79-1

Tetrachloroethylene is an organic chemical introduced in the environment by human activity.
Specifically, Tetrachloroethylene is a widely used solvent, especially in dry cleaning activities.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used as a degreaser and in some consumer products (e.g., shoe polish, typewriter correction fluid).

CAS Number: 127-18-4
EC Number: 204-825-9
Molecular Weight: 165,82 g/mol
Chemical Formula: C2Cl4

Tetrachloroethylene, also known as perc, is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Tetrachloroethylene is primarily used in industrial settings and for dry cleaning fabrics and degreasing metals.

Tetrachloroethylene, also known under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, or Tetrachloroethylene, and abbreviations such as "perc" (or "PERC"), and "PCE", is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence Tetrachloroethylene is sometimes called "dry-cleaning fluid".

Tetrachloroethylene also uses as an effective automotive brake cleaner.
Tetrachloroethylene has a sweet odor, similar to the smell of chloroform, detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985.

Tetrachloroethylene is a man-made chemical that can be a liquid or a gas.
At room temperature, Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless liquid.

Tetrachloroethylene (PERC) is a man-made, non-flammable, colorless chemical that easily evaporates into the air.
Tetrachloroethylene is often used in dry cleaning, but is also used in manufacturing and in auto repair shops.

If you live above or next to a dry cleaner, you may be exposed to Tetrachloroethylene.
There are no readily available medical tests to find out if you have been exposed to PERC.
The best way to check is to measure the air in your home for PERC.

Tetrachloroethylene is a very versatile, volatile, very stable and non-flammable solvent for organic materials, which is used in various industries, especially in dry cleaning.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used in the automotive and metallurgical industries as an excellent degreaser, as well as in the production of stain removers, degreasers and paint strippers.

Tetrachloroethylene is also used as a multipurpose solvent because Tetrachloroethylene is more inert and stable than many other chlorinated solvents.
Tetrachloroethylene is safer than petroleum solvents because Tetrachloroethylene has no flash point.

Tetrachloroethylene is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature.
Tetrachloroethylene is volatile, has a sweet odor, and is completely miscible with most organic liquids.

Tetrachloroethylene is a versatile, chlorinated solvent used in many industries and extensively by dry cleaning facilities.
Tetrachloroethylene is a non-flammable, multipurpose solvent that is relatively inert and inherently more stable than other chlorinated solvents.

Tetrachloroethylene has no flash or fire point, lending Tetrachloroethylene important safety strengths over petroleum distillates.
As a result, combined with Tetrachloroethylene other desirable chemical and physical properties, Tetrachloroethylene offers many advantages over other solvents.

Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless, volatile, nonflammable, liquid, chlorinated hydrocarbon with an ether-like odor that may emit toxic fumes of phosgene when exposed to sunlight or flames.
Tetrachloroethylene is mainly used as a cleaning solvent in dry cleaning and textile processing and in the manufacture of fluorocarbons.

Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene irritates the upper respiratory tract and eyes and causes neurological effects as well as kidney and liver damage.
Tetrachloroethylene is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen and may be linked to an increased risk of developing skin, colon, lung, esophageal, and urogenital tract cancer as well as lymphosarcoma and leukemia.

Tetrachloroethylene is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.
Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics, hence Tetrachloroethylene is sometimes called 'dry-cleaning fluid.

Tetrachloroethylene has a sweet odor detectable by most people at a concentration of 1 part per million (1 ppm).
Worldwide production was about one million metric tons in 1985.

Animal studies and a study of 99 twins by Dr. Samuel Goldman and researchers at the Parkinson's Institute in Sunnyvale, California determined there is a 'lot of circumstantial evidence that exposure to tetrachloroethene increases the risk of developing Parkinson's disease ninefold.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified tetrachloroethene as a Group 2A carcinogen, which means that Tetrachloroethylene is probably carcinogenic to humans.
Like many chlorinated hydrocarbons, tetrachloroethene is a central nervous system depressant and can enter the body through respiratory or dermal exposure.

Tetrachloroethene dissolves fats from the skin, potentially resulting in skin irritation.
This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.

Tetrachloroethylene is a manufactured chemical that is widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products.

Tetrachloroethylene is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations to help dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.
Tetrachloroethylene has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants because of Tetrachloroethylene durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather.

The low levels of Tetrachloroethylene that most people are exposed to are not reported to cause symptoms, according.
People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to Tetrachloroethylene levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.

People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of Tetrachloroethylene than the general population.
To help limit any potential health risks, the EPA ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings had to phase out dry cleaning machines that use Tetrachloroethylene by December 21, 2020.

Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless, nonflammable liquid solvent with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Tetrachloroethylene is primarly used as a chemical intermediate in Tetrachloroethylene of several fluroinated compounds and is also utilized in end uses which include industrial and commercial cleaning, automotive aerosols, wool scouring and paper coatings.

Tetrachloroethylene is an organic chemical introduced in the environment by human activity.
Specifically, Tetrachloroethylene is a widely used solvent, especially in dry cleaning activities.

Tetrachloroethylene is also used as a degreaser and in some consumer products (e.g., shoe polish, typewriter correction fluid).
Although not theoretically impossible, there is no evidence that Tetrachloroethylene forms or occurs naturally in the environment.
Thus, Tetrachloroethylene detection in an environmental sample (e.g., groundwater, surface water, soil, indoor, or ambient air) is associated with Tetrachloroethylene spills or accidental release.

Tetrachloroethylene is toxic to humans at very low concentrations.
The Environmental Protection Agency has established a Maximum Contaminant Level for Tetrachloroethylene in water of 5 parts per billion (or micrograms per Liter).

At this low amount, practically Tetrachloroethylene cannot be perceived by smell or taste.
For example, people may smell Tetrachloroethylene in air at concentrations above 1 ppm (parts per million).

Tetrachloroethylene is a halogenated organic compound composed of 2 atoms of carbon and 4 atoms of chlorine (two chlorine atoms linked to each carbon).
The two carbons are linked with each other by a double chemical bond.
Thus, Tetrachloroethylene does not contain any hydrogen atoms.

Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless liquid with a sweetish smell which is not flammable under normal temperature and pressure.
Tetrachloroethylene is part of a class of chemicals also known as halogenated volatile organic compounds (HVOCs).
This means that Tetrachloroethylene evaporates (goes from liquid into gaseous form when in contact with air).

Tetrachloroethylene is also part of a class of chemicals referred to as “chlorinated solvents”.
Due to the presence of one or more chlorine atoms in their structure chlorinated solvents are heavier than water.
Chlorinated solvents are also referred to as Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs).

Tetrachloroethylene is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 100 000 to < 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Tetrachloroethylene is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Tetrachloroethylene is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive ether-like odor.
Tetrachloroethylene is nonflammable, non-explosive, and extremely stable.

Tetrachloroethylene is decomposed by light and metals when in the presence of moisture, open flame, electric arc, ultraviolet radiation or hot metallic surfaces.
Decomposition products include hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, and phosgene gas (a suffocating and highly poisonous, colorless gas or volatile liquid with an odor of new mowed hay or green corn).

Tetrachloroethylene is a strong oxidizer and very corrosive to metals such as lithium, beryllium, and barium.
Tetrachloroethylene is also chemically reactive with alkaline (basic) solutions such as caustic soda, sodium hydroxide, and potash.

Tetrachloroethylene is miscible with ethanol, alcohol, ethyl ether, chloroform, and benzene.
Additionally, like many other organic solvents, Tetrachloroethylene is volatile and slightly soluble in water (0.02%).

Commercially, Tetrachloroethylene is used as a dry cleaning agent, vapor-degreasing solvent, print type cleaner, heat transfer medium, chemical synthesis agent, and rug and upholstery cleaner.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used as a drying agent for rubber, waxes, tar, paraffin, gums, fat, and acetyl cellulose.

Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless, nonflammable liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor.
Tetrachloroethylene is a chlorinated solvent with a chemical formula of C2Cl4, and is widely used in various industries.

Tetrachloroethylene has many applications, the most significant being as a dry cleaning solvent.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used as a solvent for metal degreasing, in the production of fluorocarbons, and in the manufacture of vinyl chloride monomer, which is used to produce PVC plastic.

One of the primary uses of Tetrachloroethylene is in the dry cleaning industry.
Tetrachloroethylene is highly effective at removing dirt, grease, and stains from clothing and fabrics without damaging Tetrachloroethylene.

Tetrachloroethylene is also used in the textile industry to scour and bleach cotton and wool fibers.
In the metalworking industry, Tetrachloroethylene is used as a solvent for degreasing and cleaning metal parts before painting, welding, or electroplating.
Tetrachloroethylene is highly effective at removing oils, greases, and other contaminants from metal surfaces.

Tetrachloroethylene is also used in the production of fluorocarbons, which are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, as well as in the manufacture of aerosol sprays and foam insulation.
Tetrachloroethylene is a critical component in the production of vinyl chloride monomer, which is used to manufacture PVC plastic.
PVC is used in many applications, including pipes, flooring, roofing, and packaging materials.

Tetrachloroethylene (also known as tetrachloroethene) is a chlorocarbon with the molecular formula of C2Cl4.
Tetrachloroethylene is a colourless liquid with a sweet odour that is most commonly used as a dry cleaning product of fabrics.

Tetrachloroethylene is a non-flammable liquid, having no measurable flashpoint or flammable limits in air.
Tetrachloroethylene is miscible with most organic solvents but only slightly miscible in water.

Tetrachloroethylene was first synthesized by Michael faraday in 1821.
He discovered that at a high temperature chlorinolysis of hydrocarbons, he could produce Tetrachloroethylene because the hydrocarbon thermally decomposes and causes an array of side products.

Since his discovery, a few other methods have been created.
On such method that is commonly used is when 1.2.-dichloroetane is heated above 400°C with chlorine and a catalyst.
The by-products then go through a distillation process to produce Tetrachloroethylene.

Tetrachloroethylene is the predominant solvent used in the dry cleaning industry because Tetrachloroethylene is non-flammable, stable but highly volatile.
Tetrachloroethylene is safe to use on most textiles, fibres and dyes without causing damage to the garment.

Tetrachloroethylene is highly effective at removing oils, greases and fats from textiles due Tetrachloroethylene high boiling point and volatile nature.
A wide array of industries use Tetrachloroethylene because Tetrachloroethylene is excellent at degreasing metal parts during the production of products.

Tetrachloroethylene can also be used in extracting fats, dissolving rubber, paint removal, water repellent, brake cleaning and a carrier solvent.
Tetrachloroethylene was also historically used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 134a.

Tetrachloroethylene is a solvent, which is sometimes simply called "perchlo".
Tetrachloroethylene was first synthesised in 1821 by Michael Faraday, by heating hexachloroethane until Tetrachloroethylene decomposed into Tetrachloroethylene and dichlorine (Cl₂).
This Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) is mainly used for dry cleaning fabrics and for degreasing metals.

Tetrachloroethylene is on the IARC's list of group 2A carcinogens and may cause neurological, kidney and hepatic disorders.
Tetrachloroethylene is a colourless liquid with a characteristic odour.

Tetrachloroethylene (Cl₂C=CCl₂) is a colorless liquid with a mild, chloroform-like odor.
Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene may cause irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, and respiratory system.

Tetrachloroethylene may also cause liver damage and is a potential occupational carcinogen.
Workers may be harmed from exposure to Tetrachloroethylene.
The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done.

Tetrachloroethylene is used in many industries.
Tetrachloroethylene’s used to dry clean fabrics, manufacture other chemicals, and degreasing metal parts.

Some examples of workers at risk of being exposed to Tetrachloroethylene include the following:
Workers in dry cleaning industries
Workers who use Tetrachloroethylene to degrease metals
Workers in industries who use Tetrachloroethylene to make other chemicals

Uses of Tetrachloroethylene:
Tetrachloroethylene is primary dry cleaning solvent being used today.
Tetrachloroethylene is used in dry cleaning, metal degreasing, as a chemical intermediate, and in typewriter correction fluids.

Dry cleaning operators who transferred wet garments to a dryer had mean levels of 150 ppm.
Other job tasks with substantial exposure were degreasing (95 ppm), cleaning mining equipment, testing coal, cleaning animal coats (taxidermy), and cleaning/duplicating film.

Tetrachloroethylene is used in dry cleaning; textile processing; degreasing metals; solvent; chemical intermediate in production of fluorocarbons.
Tetrachloroethylene is used insulating fluid and cooling gas in electric transformers

The major use for Tetrachloroethylene is as a chemical intermediate for fluorocarbons, such as HFC-134a and HFC-125.
Another important application is the use as a solvent for dry cleaning.

Other uses are textile finishing and dyeing and extraction processes.
In smaller quantities, Tetrachloroethylene is used to formulate various types of adhesives, sealants, and coatings.

Tetrachloroethylene is used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products, such as paint strippers and spot removers.

Tetrachloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Tetrachloroethylene is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable.

For these chemical properties, Tetrachloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries (e.g., cleaning tires, brakes, engines, carburetors and wire, and as an antiseizing agent).
Tetrachloroethylene appears in a few consumer products, including paint strippers and spot removers.

Tetrachloroethylene was first produced in the United States as a by-product of carbon tetrachloride manufacture in the early 1900s.
The first widespread use of Tetrachloroethylene was in the dry cleaning industry in the late 1930s.

Production of Tetrachloroethylene increased during the 1950s.
Throughout the 1950s, about 80% of Tetrachloroethylene was used for dry cleaning and 15% for metal cleaning and degreasing.
In the 1960s, the dry cleaning industry accounted for about 90% of Tetrachloroethylene consumption as large dry cleaning plants began favoring Tetrachloroethylene over flammable petroleum solvents.

After peaking in the 1970s, production and use of Tetrachloroethylene decreased, probably as a result of Tetrachloroethylene classification as a hazardous waste by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Additionally, the phase-out of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons led to a decline of Tetrachloroethylene use as a chemical intermediate for production of those agents.

In the 1990s, use of Tetrachloroethylene as a chemical precursor for fluorocarbon refrigerants such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, more commonly known as hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 134a, increased, as did demand for Tetrachloroethylene as a metal degreasing agent.
Although the quantity of Tetrachloroethylene used in dry cleaning facilities declined throughout the 1990s, Tetrachloroethylene has remained the predominant solvent used by dry cleaners.

Tetrachloroethylene is used for dry cleaning and textile processing, as a chemical intermediate, and for vapor degreasing in metal-cleaning operations.

Tetrachloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Tetrachloroethylene is volatile, highly stable and nonflammable, and has low toxicity.
For these reasons, Tetrachloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.

Tetrachloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.
Tetrachloroethylene appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers, aerosol preparations and spot removers.

Tetrachloroethylene is a solvent commonly used in dry cleaning operations.
When applied to a material or fabric, Tetrachloroethylene helps dissolve greases, oils and waxes without damaging the fabric.

In metal manufacturing, solvents containing Tetrachloroethylene clean and degrease new metal to help prevent impurities from weakening the metal.
Due to Tetrachloroethylene durability and ability to adhere to plastics, metal, rubber and leather, Tetrachloroethylene has been used as an ingredient in a range of common products such as water repellants, paint removers, printing inks, glues, sealants, polishes and lubricants.

Tetrachloroethylene offers many physical and chemical properties that make Tetrachloroethylene the right chlorinated solvent for many applications.
Tetrachloroethylene is relatively inert and inherently more stable than other chlorinated solvents.

Tetrachloroethylene is stabilized to prevent solvent degradation or decomposition, and corrosion of metal parts and equipment.
Stabilizers are designed to be recoverable even after repeated cleaning cycles and from carbon adsorbers.

Tetrachloroethylene’s high solvency and high vapor density make Tetrachloroethylene ideal for a variety of end uses, and as a result, Tetrachloroethylene has become the largest volume dry cleaning solvent and the choice for vapor degreasing.
With all downstream applications, appropriate registrations and/or approvals may be required.

Possible uses are described below:

Dry cleaning:
Tetrachloroethylene is the preferred solvent because, in addition to Tetrachloroethylene non-flammability, Tetrachloroethylene provides a fast, powerful, yet gentle cleaning action with a minimum of mechanical agitation.
The result is a cleaner product with less fabric wear.
Tetrachloroethylene is ideal for all natural and syntheticbfibers.

Dry cleaning uses non-aqueous solvents to clean fabrics.
The first dry cleaning operations in the United States (US) date back to the 1800s when people washed fabrics in open tubs with solvents such as gasoline, kerosene, benzene, turpentine, and petroleum and then hung to dry.

In the 1900s, the US started using specialized machines for the dry cleaning process.
However, the use of highly flammable petroleum solvents caused many fires and explosions, highlighting the need to find a safer alternative.

The dry cleaning industry first introduced Stoddard solvent (less flammable than gasoline) followed by several nonflammable halogenated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene (TCE), trichlorotrifluoroethane, and Tetrachloroethylene (PERC).
Beginning in the 1940s, Tetrachloroethylene the most frequently used dry cleaning solvent and continues to be the primary solvent used to dry clean fabrics both in the US and the European Union (EU).

To comply with environmental regulations, dry cleaning machines have evolved through several “generations” to minimize Tetrachloroethylene release.
The 1st generation machines were “transfer machines,” where cleaned fabrics were manually transferred from the washer to a dryer.

Since then, various pollution prevention controls have been implemented through the subsequent generations, culminating in the latest 5th generation machines, which are closed-loop and equipped with refrigerated condensers, carbon absorbers, inductive fans, and sensor-actuated lockout devices.
As the newer generations of machines were introduced, the amount of Tetrachloroethylene used was reduced from 300 to 500 g-PERC/kilogram of fabrics (1st generation) to
In many EU countries, dry cleaning machines older than 15 years are typically prohibited—only 5th generation machines are allowed.
However, 4th generation machines may be used if best practices (e.g., good housekeeping, optimal machine operation, and recycling) are implemented and they meet EU emission requirements.
The US EPA's National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) regulations stipulate that 2nd generation machines must be upgraded to 4th generation, and 3rd generation machines must be retrofitted or upgraded to 4th generation machines; only 4th generation and later machines can be sold, leased, or installed.

As of 2017 in the US, there are ~20,600 dry cleaning shops and the industry employs nearly 160,000 workers, with ~80% identifying as a racial or ethnic minority.
The majority of owners are of Korean ancestry.

Nationwide, 60–65% of dry cleaners use Tetrachloroethylene as their primary solvent and most of the remainder use a high-flashpoint hydrocarbon.
Other solvents currently used in the US include butylal, siloxane, liquid carbon dioxide, glycol ethers, and water (professional wet cleaning).
In Europe, 60–90% of dry cleaning shops use PERC, depending on the country.

Faster cycles:
The cleaning cycle and drying times are fast with Tetrachloroethylene and, because of Tetrachloroethylene high solvency, fewer stains are left for the spotter.
Because Tetrachloroethylene is recoverable, Tetrachloroethylene has a long service life.

Customizable:
Tetrachloroethylene works with any dry-cleaning detergent, so the dry cleaner can add detergent or soap to make a customized charged system.

Vapor Degreasing:
Many industries, including aerospace, automotive, and household appliance production, use Tetrachloroethylene in vapor degreasing for metal parts.
Tetrachloroethylene is ideal for situations that require a high boiling point (above that of water).
Many soils, such as waxes and resins, must be melted in order to be solubilized, making Tetrachloroethylene a preferred solvent.

High boiling point:
The high boiling point of Tetrachloroethylene enables Tetrachloroethylene to condense more vapor on the metal than other chlorinated solvents, thus washing the parts more effectively.
Tetrachloroethylene cleans longer and removes higher melt-point pitches and waxes more easily.

Tetrachloroethylene is effective with lightweight and light gauge parts that warm up to the temperature of a lower boiling point solvent before cleaning is complete.
Tetrachloroethylene is particularly useful in fine orifices and spot-welded seams.

Azeotropic with water:
Tetrachloroethylene forms an azeotrope with water.
As a result, Tetrachloroethylene allows a vapor degreaser to function as a drying device for metal parts and to remove water films from metals without degradation of the solvent.

Chemical Processing:
Tetrachloroethylene serves as a carrier solvent for fabric finishes, rubber, and silicones.
Tetrachloroethylene also is used as an extractant solvent in paint removers and printing inks.

Tetrachloroethylene serves as a chemical intermediate in many applications.
As with all applications, when using Tetrachloroethylene to decrease the flammability of a mixture, Tetrachloroethylene is important to determine the flash point of the final product as Tetrachloroethylene is to be used prior to selling, since an insufficient quantity of Tetrachloroethylene will not raise the flash point of the mixture.

Catalyst Regeneration:
Tetrachloroethylene is used in the petroleum refinery industry as a source of hydrochloric acid, a promoter, which helps in the regeneration of catalyst in both catalytic reformer and isomerization operations.
Product sold into this operation must be a purer, less stabilized grade than most to preclude the poisoning of the platinum catalyst.

Fluorocarbon:
Tetrachloroethylene is used in the manufacture of refrigerants, refrigerant blends, and other fluorinated compounds.

Widespread uses by professional workers:
Tetrachloroethylene is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals and pH regulators and water treatment products.
Tetrachloroethylene is used in the following areas: building & construction work, health services and scientific research and development.

Release to the environment of Tetrachloroethylene can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release.
Other release to the environment of Tetrachloroethylene is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use as processing aid and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Uses at industrial sites:
Tetrachloroethylene is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.
Tetrachloroethylene is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Tetrachloroethylene is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Tetrachloroethylene can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Industry Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Cleaning agent
Intermediate
Intermediates
Laboratory chemicals
Processing aids not otherwise specified
Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
Refrigerants
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Consumer Uses:
Adhesives and sealant chemicals
Cleaning agent
Solvent
Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing)
Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)

Other Uses:
Tetrachloroethylene is used to dry clean clothes.
Tetrachloroethylene is used to degrease and clean metal parts.

Tetrachloroethylene is used as a finishing product for textiles.
Tetrachloroethylene is used to extract oils and fats.
Tetrachloroethylene is used ts an intermediate in synthesis.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Metal Degreasing
Working with Glues and Adhesives
Dry Cleaning
Mining

Activities with risk of exposure:
Preparing and mounting animal skins (taxidermy)

Applications of Tetrachloroethylene:
Tetrachloroethylene is an excellent solvent for organic materials.
Otherwise Tetrachloroethylene is volatile, highly stable, and nonflammable.

For these reasons, Tetrachloroethylene is widely used in dry cleaning.
Tetrachloroethylene is also used to degrease metal parts in the automotive and other metalworking industries, usually as a mixture with other chlorocarbons.

Tetrachloroethylene appears in a few consumer products including paint strippers and spot removers.
Tetrachloroethylene is used in neutrino detectors where a neutrino interacts with a neutron in the chlorine atom and converts Tetrachloroethylene to a proton to form argon.

Tetrachloroethylene is mostly used in dry cleaning business.
Tetrachloroethylene is a very good solvent and stain remover.
Tetrachloroethylene also has very low toxicity.

Tetrachloroethylene is also used to clean oils in automotive and many other metal-related industries.
Certain dye removers and stain removers contain Tetrachloroethylene.
Tetrachloroethylene had been used in coolant and medicine productions but Tetrachloroethylene is not preferred now.

Historical Applications:
Tetrachloroethylene was once extensively used as an intermediate in the manufacture of HFC-134a and related refrigerants.
In the early 20th century, tetrachloroethene was used for the treatment of hookworm infestation.

Features of Tetrachloroethylene:
Tetrachloroethylene bears the formula C2Cl4, Tetrachloroethylene is volatile, nonflammable and resembles the odor of ether.
Tetrachloroethylene uses are mostly related to cleaning and removal of oil,grease and tough stains.

Tetrachloroethylene and dry cleaning go hand in hand as Tetrachloroethylene use is dominant in this sector.
Other uses are as an insulation fluid in electrical transformers, as cooling gas components and cleaner for automotive parts.

Properties of Tetrachloroethylene:
Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless, strong scented solvent that is mainly used in dry cleaning business.
Even in 1 ppm, Tetrachloroethylene odor is distinguishable by humans.
Tetrachloroethylene is a very good solvent and has very low toxicity.

Tetrachloroethylene is a nonflammable colorless liquid with a sharp sweet odor; the odor threshold is 1 ppm.
The chemical formula for Tetrachloroethylene is C2Cl4, and the molecular weight is 165.83 g/mol.
The vapor pressure for Tetrachloroethylene is 18.47 mm Hg at 25 °C, and Tetrachloroethylene has a log octanol/waterpartition coefficient (log Kow) of 3.40.

Tetrachloroethylene, as mentioned above, is neither flammable nor does Tetrachloroethylene have a measurable flash point, which indicates that at room temperature Tetrachloroethylene has a lower evaporation rate than other solvents.
In addition, Tetrachloroethylene does not affect the ozone layer, which is why the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved Tetrachloroethylene use as a replacement for ozone-depleting solvents.

Tetrachloroethylene is a colourless, volatile liquid, heavier than water and practically insoluble in water.
Tetrachloroethylene has an odor similar to ether or chloroform and is sensitive to light and UV radiation, so Tetrachloroethylene decomposes when Tetrachloroethylene remains under direct exposure for prolonged periods.
Tetrachloroethylene can be mixed with a wide variety of organic solvents such as ether, ethyl alcohol, benzene, chloroform and others.

Tetrachloroethylene has the ability to dissolve fats, oils and resins.
The vapour Tetrachloroethylene produces is not visible and is heavier than air, so Tetrachloroethylene spreads at ground level.

Tetrachloroethylene cold oxidation process is quite slow and Tetrachloroethylene does not corrode ordinary metals, in fact, Tetrachloroethylene has the ability to remove grease from metals such as aluminium and magnesium.
However, Tetrachloroethylene cannot be used on metals such as zinc, lithium, barium and beryllium, which in Tetrachloroethylene liquid form attacks some varieties of plastics and rubbers.

Manufacturing Methods of Tetrachloroethylene:
The production of Tetrachloroethylene is possible by high temperature chlorination of chlorinated lower molecular mass hydrocarbons.

For industrial purposes, three processes are important:
1. Production from acetylene via trichloroethylene.
2. Production from ethylene or 1,2-dichloroethane through oxychlorination.
3. Production from C1-C3 hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons through high temperature chlorination.

Prepared primarily by two processes:
The Huels method whereby direct chlorination of ethylene yields 70% Tetrachloroethylene, 20% carbon tetrachloride, and 10% other chlorinated products;
Hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, or propane are simultaneously chlorinated and pyrolyzed to yield over 95% Tetrachloroethylene plus carbon tetrachloride and hydrochloric acid.

Tetrachloroethylene is produced mainly by oxyhydrochlorination, perchlorination, and/or dehydrochlorination of hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons such as 1,2 dichloroethane, propylene, propylene dichloride, 1,1,2-tri-chloroethane, and acetylene.

General Manufacturing Information of Tetrachloroethylene:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Adhesive Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
Industrial Gas Manufacturing
Machinery Manufacturing
Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Petroleum Refineries
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade

Production of Tetrachloroethylene:
Tetrachloroethylene is industrially produced by chlorolysis of mostly light hydrocarbons in high temperatures.
Many byproducts are also produced in this process.
These items are disintigrated by distillation.

Ethylene chlorine is also produced by catalyzation of potassium chlorine, ammonium chlorine or active carbone and chlorine in 400 °C.
Bypoducts are distillated, similar to above mentioned method.

History and Production:
French chemist Henri Victor Regnault first synthesized Tetrachloroethylene in 1839 by thermal decomposition of hexachloroethane following Michael Faraday's 1820 synthesis of protochloride of carbon (carbon tetrachloride).
C2Cl6 → C2Cl4 + Cl2

Faraday was previously falsely credited for the synthesis of Tetrachloroethylene, which in reality, was carbon tetrachloride.
While trying to make Faraday's "protochloride of carbon", Regnault found that his compound was different from Faraday's.

Victor Regnault stated "according to Faraday, the chloride of carbon boiled around 70 °C (158 °F) to 77 °C (171 °F) degrees Celsius but mine did not begin to boil until 120 °C (248 °F) degrees Celsius".
Tetrachloroethylene can be made by passing chloroform vapour through a red-hot tube, the side products include hexachlorobenzene and hexachloroethane, as reported in 1886.

Most Tetrachloroethylene is produced by high temperature chlorinolysis of light hydrocarbons.
The method is related to Faraday's discovery since hexachloroethane is generated and thermally decomposes.

Side products include carbon tetrachloride, hydrogen chloride, and hexachlorobutadiene.
Several other methods have been developed.

When 1,2-dichloroethane is heated to 400 °C with chlorine, Tetrachloroethylene is produced by the chemical reaction:
ClCH2CH2Cl + 3 Cl2 → Cl2C=CCl2 + 4 HCl

This reaction can be catalyzed by a mixture of potassium chloride and aluminium chloride or by activated carbon.
Trichloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation.

Remediation and degradation of Tetrachloroethylene:
In principle, Tetrachloroethylene contamination can be remediated by chemical treatment.
Chemical treatment involves reducing metals such as iron powder.

In addition to bioremediation, Tetrachloroethylene hydrolyzes on contact with soil.

Bioremediation usually entails reductive dechlorination usually under anaerobic conditions.
Dehalococcoides sp. under aerobic conditions by cometabolism by Pseudomonas sp.
Products of biodegradation products include trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride; full degradation converts Tetrachloroethylene into ethylene and chloride.

Human Metabolite Information of Tetrachloroethylene:

Cellular Locations:
Membrane

Handling and Storage of Tetrachloroethylene:

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Stop leak if you can do Tetrachloroethylene without risk.

SMALL LIQUID SPILL:
Pick up with sand, earth or other non-combustible absorbent material.

LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Safe Storage:
Separated from metals, ignition sources and food and feedstuffs.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

Store in a secure poison location.
Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on Tetrachloroethylene proper handling and storage.
A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

Tetrachloroethylene must be stored to avoid contact with strong oxidizers, such as chlorine, bromine, and chlorine dioxide; chemically active metals, such as barium, lithium, and beryllium; and nitric acid, since violent reactions occur.
Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat.

Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location.
Separate from active metals.
Isolate from open flames and combustibles.

Tetrachloroethylene is stored in mild steel tanks equipped with breathing vents & chemical driers.
Tetrachloroethylene can be transferred through seamless black iron pipes, with gasketing materials of compressed asbestos, asbestos reinforced with metal, or asbestos impregnated with Teflon or Viton, employing centrifugal or positive displacement pumps of cast iron or steel construction.
Small quantities may be stored safely in green or amber glass containers.

Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Tetrachloroethylene was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

Health and Safety of Tetrachloroethylene:
The acute toxicity of Tetrachloroethylene is moderate to low.
Reports of human injury are uncommon despite Tetrachloroethylene wide usage in dry cleaning and degreasing.

Despite the advantages of Tetrachloroethylene, many have called for Tetrachloroethylene replacement from widespread commercial use.
Tetrachloroethylene has been described as a possible "neurotoxicant, liver and kidney toxicant, and reproductive and developmental toxicant a 'potential occupational carcinogen'"

Testing for exposure:
Tetrachloroethylene exposure can be evaluated by a breath test, analogous to breath-alcohol measurements.
Also, for acute exposures, Tetrachloroethylene in expired air can be measured.

Tetrachloroethylene can be detected in the breath for weeks following a heavy exposure.
Tetrachloroethylene and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), a breakdown product of Tetrachloroethylene, can be detected in the blood.

In Europe, the Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL) recommends for Tetrachloroethylene an occupational exposure limit (8 hour time-weighted average) of 20 ppm and a short-term exposure limit (15 min) of 40 ppm.

Tetrachloroethylene is present in very tiny amounts in the environment as a result of industrial releases.
Dry cleaned clothes may release small amounts of Tetrachloroethylene into the air, according to the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).

The low levels of Tetrachloroethylene that most people are exposed to in air, water and food are not reported to cause symptoms, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS).
People who wear dry cleaned clothing may be exposed to Tetrachloroethylene levels that are slightly higher than what is normally found in air, but these amounts are also not expected to be hazardous to the average person’s health.

People who live or work near dry cleaning facilities may be exposed to higher levels of Tetrachloroethylene than the general population.
To help limit any potential health risks, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has ruled that dry cleaners located in residential buildings must phase out dry cleaning machines that use Tetrachloroethylene by December 21, 2020.

The highest exposures to Tetrachloroethylene tend to occur in the workplace, especially among dry cleaning workers or workers at metal degreasing facilities.
Exposure to these higher levels of Tetrachloroethylene can lead to irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat and/or respiratory system.

Short-term exposure to high levels of Tetrachloroethylene can affect the central nervous system and may lead to unconsciousness or death, according to NIH.
To help protect these workers, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recommends special safety precautions, such as a recommended schedule of maintenance activities and performing daily checks for Tetrachloroethylene leaks from dry cleaning machines.

First Aid Measures of Tetrachloroethylene:

EYES:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.
Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.

Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.
Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.

IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.

Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.
Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.
If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.

IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.

DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.
Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital.

OTHER:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.
Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, Tetrachloroethylene, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure.

Fire Fighting of Tetrachloroethylene:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fire Fighting Procedures:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

If material involved in fire:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty).

If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.
Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies.

From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers.
If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position.
The only respirators recommended for firefighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full face-pieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.

Approach from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.
Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

Use flooding quantities of water as fog or spray.
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for surrounding fire.

Identifiers of Tetrachloroethylene:
CAS Number: 127-18-4
Beilstein Reference: 1304635
ChEBI: CHEBI:17300
ChEMBL: ChEMBL114062
ChemSpider: 13837281
ECHA InfoCard: 100.004.388
EC Number: 204-825-9
Gmelin Reference: 101142
KEGG: C06789
PubChem CID: 31373
RTECS number: KX3850000
UNII: TJ904HH8SN
UN number: 1897
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID2021319
InChI: InChI=1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6
Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6
Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYAO
SMILES: ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl

Cas No: 127-18-4
EINESC No: 204-825-9
Molecular weight: 165,82 g/mol
Chemical Formula: C2Cl4

EC / List no.: 204-825-9
CAS no.: 127-18-4
Mol. formula: C2Cl4

Synonyms: PCE, Tetrachloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene
Linear Formula: CCl2=CCl2
CAS Number: 127-18-4
Molecular Weight: 165.83

Typical Properties of Tetrachloroethylene:
Chemical formula: C2Cl4
Molar mass: 165.82 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Strong and sweetish, chloroform-like
Density: 1.622 g/cm3
Melting point: −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)
Boiling point: 121.1 °C (250.0 °F; 394.2 K)
Solubility in water: 0.15 g/L (25 °C)
Vapor pressure: 14 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −81.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity: 0.89 cP at 25 °C

General Properties: luminous colorless liquid
Odor: chloric, disturbing
Intensity: 1.622 g/cm g/cm3
Boiling point: 121,1 °C
Melting point: −19 °C
Flash point:
Vapor pressure: 14 mmHg (20 °C)
Refraction index: 1,5055 nD
Solubility: 0.15 g/L (25 °C),

Molecular Weight: 165.8
XLogP3: 3.4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 165.872461
Monoisotopic Mass: 163.875411
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Complexity: 55.6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Related compounds of Tetrachloroethylene:
Trichloroethylene
Dichloroethene
Perchloroethylene

Related organohalides:
Tetrafluoroethylene
Tetrabromoethylene
Tetraiodoethylene

Names of Tetrachloroethylene:

Regulatory process names:
Tetrachloroethylene
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene

Translated names:
Perchlorethylen (de)
perchloroetylen (pl)
percloroetilene (it)
perkloretylen (no)
tetrachloorethyleen (nl)
tetrachlorethen (cs)
tetrachlorethylen (da)
Tetrachlorethylen (de)
tetrachloretilenas (lt)
tetrachloroeten (pl)
tetrachloroetylen (pl)
tetrachlóretén (sk)
tetracloretilena (ro)
tetracloroetilene (it)
tetracloroetileno (es)
tetracloroetileno (pt)
tetrahloretilēns (lv)
tetrakloorietyleeni (fi)
tetrakloreten (no)
tetrakloreten (sv)
tetrakloretylen (no)
tetrakloroetilen (hr)
tetrakloroetilen (sl)
Tetrakloroetüleen (et)
tetraklóretilén (hu)
tétrachloroéthylène (fr)
τετραχλωροαιθυλένιο (el)
тeтрахлороетилен (bg)

CAS names:
Ethene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-

IUPAC names:
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene
1,1,2,2-tetracloroetene
Ethene, tetrachloro
etrachloroethene
perchloroethylene
perchloroethylene
tetrachlorethen
Tetrachlorethylène
Tetrachloroethene
tetrachloroethene
Tetrachloroethylen
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
UPV10

Preferred IUPAC name:
Tetrachloroethene

Trade names:
Czterochloroetylen
DOWPER LM
DOWPER MC
DOWPER N
DOWPER Pure Power
DOWPER Solvent
Perchlorethylene
PERCHLOROETHYLEN
Performanti
Perklone D
Perklone DX+
Perklone EXT
Perklone MD
Perklone N

Other names:
Perchloroethene
perchloroethylene
perc
PCE

Other identifiers:
127-18-4
602-028-00-4

Synonyms of Tetrachloroethylene:
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
Tetrachloroethene
127-18-4
Perchloroethylene
Ethene, tetrachloro-
Perc
Perchlorethylene
Tetrachlorethylene
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Ethylene tetrachloride
Carbon dichloride
Ankilostin
Didakene
Perclene
Tetracap
Tetraguer
Tetraleno
Tetralex
Tetropil
Perawin
Tetlen
Tetrachloraethen
PerSec
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethene
Carbon bichloride
PERK
Percloroetilene
Tetracloroetene
Fedal-UN
Tetrachlooretheen
Czterochloroetylen
Percosolve
Perchlor
Perklone
Tetravec
Tetroguer
Nema
Perchloraethylen, per
Perchlorethylene, per
Perclene D
Dow-per
Dilatin PT
Perchloorethyleen, per
Antisol 1
Ethylene, tetrachloro-
Perchloroethene
Antisal 1
Rcra waste number U210
Nema, veterinary
NCI-C04580
ENT 1,860
Perclene TG
UN 1897
TJ904HH8SN
DTXSID2021319
CHEBI:17300
NSC-9777
Percosolv
Caswell No. 827
C2Cl4
MFCD00000834
Percloroetilene [Italian]
Tetrachlooretheen [Dutch]
Tetrachloraethen [German]
Tetracloroetene [Italian]
Czterochloroetylen [Polish]
Tetrachloroethylene (IUPAC)
CCRIS 579
HSDB 124
Perchloorethyleen, per [Dutch]
Perchloraethylen, per [German]
Perchlorethylene, per [French]
Tetrachloroethene 100 microg/mL in Methanol
NSC 9777
EINECS 204-825-9
UN1897
Tetrachloroethylene [USP]
RCRA waste no. U210
UNII-TJ904HH8SN
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 078501
BRN 1361721
Tetrachlorathen
Perchlorothylene
AI3-01860
tetrachloro-ethene
tetrachloro-ethylene
Nema (VAN)
WLN: GYGUYGG
Freon 1110
Tetrachlooretheen(DUTCH)
Tetrachloraethen(GERMAN)
Percloroetilene(ITALIAN)
Tetracloroetene(ITALIAN)
bmse000633
Czterochloroetylen(POLISH)
EC 204-825-9
1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
SCHEMBL23022
4-01-00-00715 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
BIDD:ER0346
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-ethene
Perchloorethyleen, per(DUTCH)
Perchloraethylen, per(GERMAN)
Perchlorethylene, per(FRENCH)
Perchloroethylene Reagent Grade
CHEMBL114062
DTXCID601319
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [II]
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MI]
1,1,2, 2-Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene, >=99.5%
NSC9777
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [HSDB]
Tetrachloroethylene, UV/IR-Grade
Ethene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
TETRACHLORETHYLENE [WHO-DD]
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE [MART.]
ZINC8214691
Tox21_201196
AKOS009031593
Tetrachloroethylene, analytical standard
Tetrachloroethylene, anhydrous, >=99%
NCGC00090944-01
NCGC00090944-02
NCGC00090944-03
NCGC00258748-01
CAS-127-18-4
Tetrachloroethylene [UN1897] [Poison]
Tetrachloroethylene, for HPLC, >=99.9%
Tetrachloroethylene, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
DB-041854
Tetrachloroethylene, for synthesis, 99.0%
FT-0631739
FT-0674946
S0641
Tetrachloroethylene, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
EN300-19890
Tetrachloroethene 1000 microg/mL in Methanol
Tetrachloroethene 5000 microg/mL in Methanol
C06789
F 1110
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene (ACD/Name 4.0)
Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ first grade, >=98.0%
A805656
Q410772
Tetrachloroethylene, SAJ special grade, >=99.0%
J-524851
Tetrachloroethylene, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.9%
BRD-K68386748-001-01-2
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) [IARC]
F0001-0391
Tetrachloroethylene, Ultrapure, Spectrophotometric Grade
Density Standard 1623 kg/m3, H&D Fitzgerald Ltd. Quality
25135-99-3

cas no: 632-79-1 Bromophthal; Bromphthal; Saytex RB 49; 3,4,5,6-Tetrabromophthalic anhydride; 4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1,3-isobenzofurandione; Tetrabromophthalic anhydride; Tetrabromophthalic acid anhydride;

Tetradecanedioic Acid; 1,12-Dodecanedicarboxylic acid; Tetradecandisäure; ácido tetradecanodioico; Acide tétradecanedioïque; Tetradecane-1,14-dioic acid; CAS NO: 821-38-5

Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid), is a common saturated fatty acid with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)12COOH.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a salt or ester of myristic acid.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is named after the nutmeg Myristica fragrans.

CAS: 544-63-8
MF: C14H28O2
MW: 228.37
EINECS: 208-875-2

Nutmeg butter is 75 % trimyristin, the triglyceride of Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid).
Besides nutmeg, Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is also found in palm kernel oil, coconut oil, butter fat and is a minor component of many other animal fats.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is also found in spermaceti, the crystallized fraction of oil from the sperm whale.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is also commonly added co-translationally to the penultimate, nitrogen-terminus, glycine in receptor-associated kinases to confer the membrane localisation of the enzyme.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) has a sufficiently high hydrophobicity to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell.
In this way, Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) acts as a lipid anchor in biomembranes.

Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is used in cosmetic and topical medicinal preparations where good absorption through the skin is desired.
Reduction of Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) yields myristyl aldehyde and myristyl alcohol.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is incorporated into myristoyl coenzyme A (myristoyl-CoA) and transferred by N-myristoyltransferase to the N-terminal glycine of certain proteins either during translation to modify protein activity or post-translationally in apoptotic cells.
A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a common saturated fatty acid with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)12COOH.

Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid)'s salts and esters are commonly referred to as myristates or tetradecanoates.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is named after the binomial name for nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), from which it was first isolated in 1841.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a saturated fatty acid containing 14 carbon atoms and is commonly found in animal and vegetable fats.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is an important component of many biological processes, including cell membrane formation, signal transduction, and energy metabolism.

The synthesis of Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) from other fatty acids is essential for the production of a wide range of products, including pharmaceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can be used in a variety of laboratory experiments.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is relatively easy to synthesize and is widely available, making it an ideal material for research.
However, Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is important to note that myristic acid is a saturated fatty acid and can be toxic in large doses, so care must be taken when using it in laboratory experiments.

Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 52-54 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 250 °C100 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.862
Vapor pressure: FEMA: 2764 | MYRISTIC ACID
Refractive index: nD60 1.4305; nD70 1.4273
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility: 1.07mg/l
pka: 4.78±0.10(Predicted)
Form: Flakes, Powder, Chunks or Crystalline Mass
Color: White
Odor: at 100.00 %. waxy fatty soapy coconut
Odor Type: waxy
Water Solubility: Merck: 14,6333
JECFA Number: 113
BRN: 508624
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, bases.
LogP: 5.79
CAS DataBase Reference: 544-63-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) (544-63-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) (544-63-8)

Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) appears as white to yellowish white solid, sometimes appearing as shiny crystalline solid, or white to yellowish white powder.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) has a relative density of 0.8739 (80 ℃), melting point of 54.5 ℃ and the boiling point of 326.2 ℃.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid)'s refractive index (nD60) is 1.4310.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is not soluble in water but soluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) contains about 70% to 80% while other kinds of coconut oil, palm kernel oil also contain it.

Application
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can be used as a chemical agent, also for the synthesis of spices and organic matter.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can be used in the manufacture of emulsifiers, waterproofing agents, curing agents, PVC heat stabilizers and plasticizers, and also used as the raw materials of spices and pharmaceutical.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is mainly used as raw materials for the production of surfactants for the production of sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerol fatty acid esters, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol fatty acid esters.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can also be used for the production of isopropyl myristate and so on.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can also be used for defoamers and flavoring agent.

According to the provision of China GB2760-89, Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can be used to prepare a variety of food spices.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a surfactant and cleansing agent.
When combined with potassium, Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) soap provides very good, abundant lather.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a solid organic acid naturally occurring in butter acids such as nutmeg, oil of lovage, coconut oil, mace oil, and most animal and vegetable fats.
Although some sources cite Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) as having no irritation potential, they do indicate comedogenicity potential.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a fatty acid obtained from coconut oil and other fats.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) has poor water solubility but is soluble in alcohol, chloro- form, and ether.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is used as a lubricant, binder, and defoaming agent.

Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a common saturated fatty acid found in nutmeg, palm kernel oil, coconut oil and butter fat.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a 14-carbon saturated (14:0) fatty acid.
In vivo, Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is commonly added covalently to the N-terminus of proteins in a co-translational process termed N-myristoylation.
In addition, there are examples where N-myristoylation occurs post-translationally, when a hidden myristoylation pattern is exposed.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations.
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) has been evaluated as a penetration enhancer in melatonin transdermal patches in rats and bupropion formulations on human cadaver skin.
Further studies have assessed the suitability of Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) in oxymorphone formulations and clobetasol 17-propionate topical applications.
Furthermore, polyvinyl alcohol substituted withTetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) at different substitution degrees has been used for the preparation of biodegradable microspheres containing progesterone or indomethacin.

Preparation
To prepare the Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid), the methyl ester of the mixed fatty acids or mixed fatty acid methyl ester obtained from the coconut oil or palm kernel oil is subject to vacuum fractionation, obtaining myristic acid.
For laboratory preparation, glycerol tris (tetradecanoate) is subject to saponification with 10% sodium hydroxide solution, further being acidified with hydrochloric acid to obtain the free Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid).
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) can also be made from tetradecanol.

Reactivity Profile
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is a carboxylic acid.
Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them.
They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic.
Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat.
Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt.
Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water.
Soluble carboxylic acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions.

The pH of solutions of carboxylic acids is therefore less than 7.0.
Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt.
Carboxylic acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt.
Such reactions occur in principle for solid carboxylic acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry.
Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers.
Carboxylic acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide.

The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids.
Insoluble carboxylic acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of carboxylic acids with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides.
Carboxylic acids, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat.

Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat.
Like other organic compounds, carboxylic acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents.
These reactions generate heat.
A wide variety of products is possible.
Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.

Biochem/physiol Actions
Tetradecanoic acid (Myristic acid) is commonly added via a covalent linkage to the N-terminal glycine of many eukaryotic and viral proteins, a process called myristoylation.
Myristoylation enables proteins to bind to cell membranes and facilitates protein-protein interactions.
Myristolyation of proteins affect many cellular functions and thus has implications in health and disease.

Synonyms
Tetradecanoic acid
MYRISTIC ACID
544-63-8
n-Tetradecanoic acid
Crodacid
n-Tetradecan-1-oic acid
n-Tetradecoic acid
1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid
Hydrofol acid 1495
Myristinsaeure
Univol U 316S
Emery 655
Myristate
tetradecoic acid
Hystrene 9014
Myristic acid, pure
FEMA No. 2764
Myristic acid (natural)
acide tetradecanoique
n-Myristic acid
NSC 5028
CCRIS 4724
HSDB 5686
Tetradecanoate
Philacid 1400
C14:0
Prifac 2942
CH3-[CH2]12-COOH
CHEBI:28875
AI3-15381
NSC-5028
1-tetradecanecarboxylic acid
EINECS 208-875-2
PHILACID-1400
UNII-0I3V7S25AW
PRIFRAC-2942
BRN 0508624
0I3V7S25AW
Myristic acid [NF]
DTXSID6021666
Edenor C 14
MyristicAcid-13C14
CHEMBL111077
DTXCID501666
MYRISTIC-14-13C ACID
NSC5028
4-02-00-01126 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MFCD00002744
FA 14:0
n-tetradecan-1-oate
MYRISTIC ACID (II)
MYRISTIC ACID [II]
MYRISTIC ACID (MART.)
MYRISTIC ACID [MART.]
MYRISTIC ACID (USP-RS)
MYRISTIC ACID [USP-RS]
CH3-(CH2)12-COOH
62217-70-3
32112-52-0
Acid, Myristic
CAS-544-63-8
Acid, Tetradecanoic
myristoate
myristoic acid
n-Tetradecanoate
Tetradecanoicacid
3usx
Myristic acid pure
Myristic Acid Flake
fatty acid 14:0
Hystrene 9514
Myristic Acid 655
TETRADECANSAEURE
1-Tridecanecarboxylate
ACIDO MYNISTICO
MAGNESIUMARSENATE
Myristic acid, 95%
Myristic acid, natural
tridecanecarboxylic acid
Myristic acid (8CI)
Myristic Acid, Reagent
3v2n
3w9k
Myristic acid, puriss.
Univol U 3165
Myristic acid, ?99%
Tetradecanoic acid (9CI)
bmse000737
D08OBF
Epitope ID:176772
MYRISTIC ACID [MI]
SCHEMBL6374
MYRISTIC ACID [FCC]
MYRISTIC ACID [FHFI]
MYRISTIC ACID [HSDB]
MYRISTIC ACID [INCI]
MLS002152942
WLN: QV13
Tetradecanoic (Myristic) acid
GTPL2806
NAA 104
NAA 142
IS_D27-TETRADECANOIC ACID
HMS3039E15
HMS3648O20
Myristic acid, analytical standard
HY-N2041
EINECS 250-924-5
Myristic acid, >=98.0% (GC)
Tetradecanoic acid; (Myristic acid)
Tox21_201852
Tox21_302781
BDBM50147581
LMFA01010014
LS-210
s5617
STL185697
Myristic acid, >=95%, FCC, FG
Myristic acid, Sigma Grade, >=99%
AKOS009156714
CCG-266785
DB08231
DS-3833
NSC 122834
NCGC00091068-01
NCGC00091068-02
NCGC00091068-03
NCGC00256547-01
NCGC00259401-01
AC-34674
BP-27915
SMR001224536
CS-0018531
FT-0602832
FT-0770860
M0476
EN300-78099
C06424
Myristic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Q422658
SR-01000854525
MYRISTIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO)
SR-01000854525-3
W-109088
F8889-5016
Z1954802504
EDAE4876-C383-4AD4-A419-10C0550931DB
MYRISTIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO) [DSC]
Myristic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Tetradecanoic acid; 1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid; n-Tetradecanoic acid
Myristic acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

1,11-Diamino-3,6,9-triazaundecane; TEPA; N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-1,2-Ethanediamine; 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane; 3,6,9-Triazaundecamethylenediamine; cas no: 112-57-2

1,11-Diamino-3,6,9-triazaundecane; TEPA; N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-1,2-Ethanediamine; 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane; 3,6,9-Triazaundecamethylenediamine cas no: 112-57-2

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is a polyazaalkane.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) has a role as a copper chelator.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is a yellow, viscous liquid.

CAS: 112-57-2
MF: C8H23N5
MW: 189.3
EINECS: 203-986-2

A viscous liquid.
Slightly less dense than water.
Vapors heavier than air.
Corrosive to the eyes, skin, mouth, throat and stomach.
Vapors irritate the eyes and corrosive to the upper respiratory tract.
Vapors may irritate the eyes.
Flash point 325°F.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) can be used as a reagent: To functionalize magnesium 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate (Mg-MOF-74) to enhance the CO2 adsorption performance of the material.

To modify magnetic chitosan resin to form amine-bearing chitosan for the efficient removal of uranium from an aqueous solution.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is an organic compound and is in the class of chemicals known as ethyleneamines.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is a slightly viscous liquid and is not colorless but, like many amines, has a yellow color.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is soluble in most polar solvents.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), piperazine, and aminoethylpiperazine are also usually present in commercial available Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ).

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -40 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 340 °C
Density: 0.998 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 6.53 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: Refractive index: n20/D 1.505(lit.)
Fp: 365 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 6540g/l
Form: Liquid
pka: pK1:2.98(+5);pK2:4.72(+4);pK3:8.08(+3);pK4:9.10(+2);pK5:9.67(+1) (25°C,)
Color: Clear
PH: 11.8 (20g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: ammonia odor
Explosive limit: 0.1-15%(V)
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
Sensitive: air sensitive
BRN: 506966
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, mineral acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, hydrogen peroxide.
CAS DataBase Reference: 112-57-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) (112-57-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) (112-57-2)

Uses
Solvent for sulfur, acid gases, and various resins and dyes; saponifying agent for acidic materials; manufacture of synthetic rubber; dispersant in motor oils; intermediate for oil additives.
The reactivity and uses of Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) are similar to those for the related ethylene amines ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is primarily used as a curing agent or hardener in epoxy chemistry.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) can be on its own or reacted with tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) and its dimer to make an amidoamine.
This amidoamine is then used as the curing agent for epoxy resin systems.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is a pentadentate ligand in coordination chemistry.

Reactivity Profile
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) is hygroscopic.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) can react with oxidizing materials and strong acids.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA ) may attack some forms of plastics.
Strong irritant to eyes and skin.
Inhalation may cause nausea and slight irritation; compound is a sensitizer, and prolonged contact may cause asthma.
Ingestion can cause burns of mouth, esophagus, and possibly stomach.
Contact with eyes or skin may cause burns. Repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis.

Synonyms
TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE
112-57-2
Tetren
1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
Tetraethylene pentamine
Tetraethylpentylamine
1,11-Diamino-3,6,9-triazaundecane
DEH 26
3,6,9-Triazaundecane-1,11-diamine
3,6,9-Triazaundecamethylenediamine
Tetrene
Ancamine TEPA
NSC 88603
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
CCRIS 6275
HSDB 5171
EINECS 203-986-2
UN2320
26913-06-4
UNII-YZD1C9KQ28
BRN 0506966
YZD1C9KQ28
AI3-10049
DTXSID7026108
CHEBI:49798
N'-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-
N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-{2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}ethane-1,2-diamine
NSC-88603
NCGC00090964-02
(2-aminoethyl)[2-({2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}amino)ethyl]amine
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl-1,2-ethanediamine)
Tetraethylenepentamine [UN2320] [Corrosive]
4-04-00-01244 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID006108
TETRAEN
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-
Bis[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl]amine
n-(2-aminoethyl)-n'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
CAS-112-57-2
PAW
BIS(2-(2-AMINOETHYLAMINO)ETHYL)AMINE
Corcat
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
Ttrathylnepentamine
tetraetilenpentamina
Tetraethylenpentamine
MFCD00008168
Texlin 400
tetraethylene pentaamine
1,6,9-triazaundecane
INSULCURE 9
TTP (CHRIS Code)
Tetraethylenepentamine, CP
(C2-H8-N2)mult-
AFR-AN 6
NCIOpen2_001402
SCHEMBL15797
Tetraethylenepentamine (8CI)
WLN: Z2M2M2M2Z
MLS000028888
BIDD:ER0305
CHEMBL138297
1,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
3,9-Triazaundecane-1,11-diamine
1 4 7 10 13-Pentaazatridecane
NSC88603
TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE [HSDB]
Tox21_111047
Tox21_200669
?1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
D.E.H. 26
LS-557
NA2320
STL453738
TH 160
1 11-Diamino-3 6 9-triazaundecane
3 6 9-Triaza-1 11-diaminoundecane
3 6 9-Triazaundecane-1 11-diamine
3,6,9-Triazaundecano-1,11-diamina
AKOS015894482
Tetraethylenepentamine, technical grade
Tox21_111047_1
UN 2320
1,11-diamino-3, 6, 9-triazaundecano
NCGC00090964-01
NCGC00090964-03
NCGC00090964-04
NCGC00258223-01
Poli [imino (1,2-etanodiil)] (9CI)
SMR000059212
FT-0657261
T0098
3,6,9-TRIAZA-1,11-DIAMINOUNDECANE
EN300-268351
Tetraethylenepentamine [UN2320] [Corrosive]
AB00375928_03
UNDECA-1,11-DIAMINE, 3,6,9-TRIAZA-
SR-01000944425
T 11509
T-11509
J-503958
SR-01000944425-1
BRD-K41298358-395-01-8
Q15974770
1, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
1,2-Etanodiamin, N1-(2-aminoetil)-N2-[2-[(2-aminoetil) amino] etil]-
1,2-etanodiamina, N-(2-aminoetil)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoetil) amino] etil]-
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[( 2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatrurocano, 3,6,9,-triaza-1,11-diaminoundecano
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N''''-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-1 2-ethanediamine
N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-(2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine
'N1-{2-[2-(2-AMINO-ETHYLAMINO)-ETHYLAMINO]-ETHYL}-ETHANE-1,2-DIAMINE'
1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE, N-(2-AMINOETHYL)-N'-[2-[(2- AMINOETHYL)AMINO)ETHYL]-
12-Ethanediamine N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-(9CI)

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is an organic compound and is in the class of chemicals known as ethyleneamines.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a polyazaalkane.

CAS Number: 112-57-2
EC Number: 203-986-2
MDL number: MFCD00008168
Chemical name: N'-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine
Molecular Formula: C8H23N5 / (NH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2)2NH

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) appears as a viscous liquid.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is slightly less dense than water.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)'s vapors are heavier than air.
The flashpoint of Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is 325 °F.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a polyazaalkane.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) has a role as a copper chelator.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) molar ratio in the mixture to prepare MS-20-4.5 is 4.5, twice over MS-0-2.3.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is principally a mixture of four TEPA ethyleneamines with close boiling points including linear, branched, and two cyclic TEPA products, and higher molecular weight products.
The Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) market is segmented on the basis of type, application and region.

On the basis of type, the Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) market is segmented into 0.993 specific gravity (20/20?), 0.994 specific gravity (20/20?), 0.998 specific gravity (20/20?) and others segments.
The other segment includes products with a specific gravity that falls in between 0.993 and 0.998 inclusive).

On the basis of application, the Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) market is classified into chelating agents, polyamide resins, fuel additives surfactants and others segments .
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a curing agent for epoxy resins.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) also functions as a corrosion inhibitor, surfactant and mineral processing aid.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is compatible with polyamides.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is recommended for coatings.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is listed with DSL (Canada) and TSCA (United States).
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is principally a mixture of four TEPA ethyleneamines with close boiling points including linear, branched, and two cyclic TEPA products, and higher molecular weight products

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a viscous hygroscopic liquid.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is soluble in most organic solvents and water.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is an organic compound and is in the class of chemicals known as ethyleneamines.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a slightly viscous liquid and is not colorless but, like many amines, has a yellow color.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is soluble in most polar solvents.
Diethylenetriamine (DETA), Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), piperazine, and aminoethylpiperazine are also usually present in commercial available TEPA.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a yellowish liquid containing linear, branched and cyclic molecules.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is principally a mixture of four TEPA ethyleneamines with close boiling points including linear, branched, and two cyclic TEPA products, and higher molecular weight products.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
Usage of Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) asphalt additives, corrosion inhibitors, epoxy curing agents, hydrocarbon purification, lube oil and fuel additives, mineral processing, polyamide resins, surfactants, and textile adhesives.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is used in the following applications: Corrosion Inhibitors, Epoxy Curing Agents, Fuel Additives, Hydrocarbon Purification, Ion Exchange Resins, Lube Oil Additives, Paper Wet-Strength Resins, Petroleum Production Chemicals Polyamide Resins, and Surfactants.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is used Bitumen Chemicals, Chelating Agents, Corrosion Inhibitors, Epoxy Curing Agents, Industrial Surfactants, Lube Oil and Fuel Additives, Mineral Processing Aids, and Other applications.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) can be used as a reagent:

To functionalize magnesium 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate (Mg-MOF-74) to enhance the CO2 adsorption performance of the material.
To modify magnetic chitosan resin to form amine-bearing chitosan for the efficient removal of uranium from an aqueous solution.
To synthesize poly(vinyl-chloride)/tetraethylenepentamine (PVC-Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)) composite material, which is used as an efficient catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction.

The reactivity and uses of Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) are similar to those for the related ethylene amines ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is primarily used as a curing agent or hardener in epoxy chemistry.

This can be on its own or reacted with tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) and its dimer to make an amidoamine.
This amidoamine is then used as the curing agent for epoxy resin systems.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is a pentadentate ligand in coordination chemistry.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is used Asphalt additives, Mineral processing aids, Corrosion inhibitors, Polyamide resins, Epoxy curing agents, Surfactants, Hydrocarbon purification, Textile additives, and Lube oil and fuel additives
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is used for asphalt additives, mineral processing aids, corrosion inhibitors, polyamide resins, epoxy curing agents, surfactants, hydrocarbon purification, textile additives, lube oil and fuel additives.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) finds application as an intermediate for the synthesis of coatings and auxillaries and mineral processing aids.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is used in the manufacture antistrip additives for asphalt, in epoxy curing agents where it is sometimes used directly, and in lube oil and fuel additives.

Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is used in many applications such as asphalt additives, corrosion inhibitors, epoxy curing agents, hydrocarbon purification, lube oil and fuel additives, mineral processing, polyamide resins, surfactants, and textile adhesives.
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) is commonly used as an additive in fuel and lubricating oil production, as an epoxy curing agent or in the manufacture of asphalt additives.

TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA) MARKET OVERVIEW:
Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) Market size is expected to develop revenue and exponential market growth at a remarkable CAGR during the forecast period from 2023–2030.
The growth of the market can be attributed to the increasing demand for Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) owning to the Chelating Agents, Polyamide Resins, Fuel Additives, Surfactants, Others Applications across the global level.

MARKETS OF TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
*Aerospace, Marine and Automotive
*Agriculture
*Construction and Housing
*Household Detergents and Cleaners
*Human and Animal Health Care
*Food
*Industrial Cleaners and Preservants
*Mining
*Personal Care
*Pulp and Paper
*Road Construction
*Textiles and Sports

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
Molecular Weight: 189.30 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: -2.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
Rotatable Bond Count: 10
Exact Mass: 189.19534575 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 189.19534575 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 88.1Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 78.6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical formula: C8H23N5
Molar mass: 189.307 g·mol−1
Amine Value, mh KOH/g: 1343
Appearance: Clear amber liquid
Water, wt-%: 0.50 max

Colour, Gardner: 4 max
Boiling Point, 760 mmHg, oC: 332
pH: 11.5
Freezing point oC: 41
Viscosity, cp @20oC: 23.4
Density, g/ml @20oC: 0.991
Specific Gravity, 20/20 oC: 0.993
Physical state: clear, viscous liquid
Color: light yellow
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -40 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 340 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 163 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: soluble

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 5
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,998 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 6,53 - (Air = 1.0)
HS Code: 2921 29 00
Chemical Name: TRIETHYL ENEPENTAMINE (TEPA)
EINECS No: 203-986-2
Form: Liquid
Density: 0.990 g/cm3
Melting Point: -40 C
Storage: Dry Place
Grade: Industrial Grade
Molecular Weight: 189.307 gmol1
Molecular Formula: C8H23N5
CAS No: 112-57-2
Synonym(s): TEPA, Tetrene
Linear Formula: (NH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2)2NH

CAS Number: 112-57-2
Molecular Weight: 189.30
Beilstein: 506966
EC Number: 203-986-2
MDL number: MFCD00008168
PubChem Substance ID: 24899938
NACRES: NA.22
vapor density: 6.53 (vs air)
vapor pressure: autoignition temp.: 610 °F
refractive index: n20/D 1.505 (lit.)
bp: 340 °C
mp: −40 °C (lit.)
density: 0.998 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES: string NCCNCCNCCNCCN
InChI: 1S/C8H23N5/c9-1-3-11-5-7-13-8-6-12-4-2-10/h11-13H,1-10H2
InChI key: FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula: C8H23N5

Molecular Weight (g/mol): 189.31
MDL Number: MFCD00008168
InChI Key: FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID: 197
ChEBI: CHEBI:49798
Melting Point: -40°C
Density: 0.9900g/mL
Boiling Point: 340°C
Flash Point: 139°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Refractive Index: 1.5055
Linear Formula: HN(CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2)2
Specific Gravity: 0.99
Solubility Information: Solubility in water: soluble
Formula Weight: 189.3
Percent Purity: ≥95.0%
Physical Form: Liquid
Chemical Name or Material: Tetraethylenepentamine, tech.

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Call a physician immediately.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water.
Call a physician immediately.
Do not attempt to neutralise.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Chloroprene
Minimum layer thickness: 0,65 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Latex gloves
Minimum layer thickness: 0,6 mm
Break through time: 120 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE (TEPA):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

SYNONYMS:
TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE
112-57-2
Tetren
1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
Tetraethylene pentamine
Tetraethylpentylamine
1,11-Diamino-3,6,9-triazaundecane
DEH 26
3,6,9-Triazaundecane-1,11-diamine
3,6,9-Triazaundecamethylenediamine
Tetrene
NSC 88603
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
26913-06-4
YZD1C9KQ28
DTXSID7026108
CHEBI:49798
N'-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-
N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-{2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}ethane-1,2-diamine
NSC-88603
NCGC00090964-02
DTXCID006108
TETRAEN
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-
n-(2-aminoethyl)-n'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
Ancamine TEPA
CAS-112-57-2
PAW
CCRIS 6275
HSDB 5171
EINECS 203-986-2
UN2320
UNII-YZD1C9KQ28
BRN 0506966
AI3-10049
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
Tetraethylenpentamine
MFCD00008168
Texlin 400
tetraethylene pentaamine
1,6,9-triazaundecane
INSULCURE 9
(2-aminoethyl)[2-({2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}amino)ethyl]amine
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl-1,2-ethanediamine)
Tetraethylenepentamine, CP
Tetraethylenepentamine [UN2320]
NCIOpen2_001402
SCHEMBL15797
WLN: Z2M2M2M2Z
4-04-00-01244 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
MLS000028888
BIDD:ER0305
CHEMBL138297
1,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
Tetraethylenepentamine, tech grade
3,9-Triazaundecane-1,11-diamine
NSC88603
TETRAETHYLENEPENTAMINE
Tox21_111047
Tox21_200669
?1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
D.E.H. 26
STL453738
TH 160
AKOS015894482
Tetraethylenepentamine, technical grade
Tox21_111047_1
UN 2320
NCGC00090964-01
NCGC00090964-03
NCGC00090964-04
NCGC00258223-01
SMR000059212
FT-0657261
T0098
3,6,9-TRIAZA-1,11-DIAMINOUNDECANE
BIS(2-(2-AMINOETHYLAMINO)ETHYL)AMINE
EN300-268351
Tetraethylenepentamine [UN2320]
AB00375928_03
SR-01000944425
T-11509
J-503958
SR-01000944425-1
BRD-K41298358-395-01-8
Q15974770
1, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-(2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine
'N1-{2-[2-(2-AMINO-ETHYLAMINO)-ETHYLAMINO]-ETHYL}-ETHANE-1,2-DIAMINE'
N1-(2-Aminoethyl)-N2-{2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}ethane-1,2-diamine
TEPA, Tetrene
N1-(2-Aminoethyl)-N2-{2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}ethane-1,2-diamine
1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N'-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
1,11-Diamino-3,6,9-triazaundecane
3,6,9-Triazaundecane-1,11-diamine
Tetraethylenpentamine
3,6,9-Triazaundecamethylenediamine
Tetren
1,4,7,10,13-Pentaazatridecane
D.E.H. 26
UN 2320
TEPA
Texlin 400
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1-(2-aminoethyl)-N2-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl]-
DEH 26; N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N'-(2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine
NSC 88603
tetraethylenepentamine
tetren
1,4,7,10,13-pentaazatridecane
tetraethylene pentamine
tetraethylpentylamine
1,11-diamino-3,6,9-triazaundecane
3,6,9-triazaundecamethylenediamine
3,6,9-triazaundecane-1,11-diamine
deh 26
unii-yzd1c9kq28S

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), one of the important rubber vulcanization accelerators, can also be applied to prevent fungal diseases and treat alcoholism.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a chronic disorder that may have multiple relapses and remissions, increased mortality and low long-term abstinence rates that lead to increased psychosocial losses.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s ring and chain structures as it is the second only to carbon in exhibiting catenation.

CAS Number: 97-77-8
Molecular Formula: C10H20N2S4
Molecular Weight: 296.54
EINECS Number: 202-607-8

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has been in use since the early 1940s for the treatment of alcohol dependence and is the first FDA-approved medication for the treatment of this disorder.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has thus completed almost 60 years of use in alcohol use disorders and has stood the test of time.
A large number of studies have been done on this molecule, ever since some proving its superiority over other drugs while others negating it.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a chemical compound that belongs to the thiuram disulfide class.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is used primarily as an accelerator in the vulcanization of rubber, similar to Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD), which we discussed earlier.
Vulcanization is a process that improves the properties of rubber by cross-linking its polymer chains, making it more durable and elastic.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is also known by various trade names, including Disulfiram, Antabuse, and others.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) was first synthesized in the 1800s to improve the manufacturing process of rubber.
A physician working in a rubber factory plant first observed in 1937 that factory workers who were exposed to disulfiram were intolerant to ethanol.

In the 1940s, two scientists rediscovered the disulfiram– ethanol effects while researching antiparasitic therapies.
This finding eventually led to the approval of the medication to be used as an ethanol deterrent by the Food and Drug Administration in 1951.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH1), used for the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) pore formation in liposomes and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in human and mouse cells.
Disulfiram + Cu2+ increases intracellular ROS levels triggering apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a chemical compound used as an accelerator in the rubber industry.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is also used as a fungicide and pesticide.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has a purity of 97% and comes in a package size of 250g.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should be handled with care, as it can cause skin and eye irritation upon contact.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat or ignition.
Environmental impact information shows that Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be harmful to aquatic life if released into waterways, so proper disposal methods must be followed according to local regulations.
Some pharmaceutical grade of thiocarbamate derivatives such as Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) are used in the treatments of chronic alcoholism by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase, a breakdown product of alcohol, to accumulate in the blood.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is also being studied as a treatment for cocaine dependence, as it prevents the breakdown of dopamine and several studies have reported that it has anti-protozoal activity as well.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a peptizing agent in sulfur-modified polychloroprenes.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s such as Ziram and Zineb are also used as a fungicide, seed disinfectant, bactericide and insecticide.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s with nearly all elements.
The 8-membered ring and shorter chain structure of sulfur molecule is important in vulcanization process which individual polymers are linked to other polymer molecules by atomic bridges.
Many drugs have been used in the treatment of this disorder such as the anti-craving agents, acamprosate, naltrexone and the aversive agent, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD).

This process produces thermoset materials which are cross-linked and irreversible substances.
The term thermoplastic is for high molecular weight polymers which can undergo melting-freezing cycle.
Thermosets are not melted and re-molded on heating after cured.

The split of sulfur 8-membered ring structure into shorter chains provides rubber vulcanization process.
The split are liked with cure sites (some of the solid bonds in the molecule) on rubber molecules, resulting in forming sulfur bridges typically between 2 and 10 atoms long.
Vulcanization makes rubber harder, more durable and more resistant to heating, aging and chemical attacks.

The number of sulfur atoms in the sulfur bridges varies physical properties of the end products.
Short bridges containing one or two sulfur atoms offer heat resistance and long bridges offer flexible property.
Vulcanization can also be accomplished with certain peroxides, gamma radiation, and several other organic compounds.

The principal classes of peroxide cross-linking agents are dialkyl and diaralkyl peroxides, peroxyketals and peroxyesters.
Other vulcanizing agents include amine compounds for the cross-linking of fluorocarbon rubbers, metal oxides for chlorine-containing rubbers (notably zinc oxide for chloroprene rubber) and phenol-formaldehyde resins for the production of heat-resistant butyl rubber vulcanizates.
Accelerator, in the Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), is added with a curing agent to speed the vulcanization.

Accelerators contain sulfur and nitrogen like derivatives of benzothiazole and Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD).
The popular accelerators are sulfenamides (as a delayed-action accelerators), thiazoles, thiuram sulfides, dithocarbamates and guanidines.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be made by the reaction of diethyl amine with carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide.

The (C2H5)2NCSSNa intermediate is oxidatively coupled using hydrogen peroxide to give Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD).
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s are a class of organosulfur compounds with the formula (R2NCSS)2.
Many examples are known, but popular ones include R = Me and R = Et. They are disulfides obtained by oxidation of the dithiocarbamates.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s are used in sulfur vulcanization of rubber as well as in the manufacture of pesticides and drugs.
They are typically white or pale yellow solids that are soluble in organic solvents.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is an oral drug used for treating alcoholism.

Alcohol is converted in the body into acetaldehyde by an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase.
Another enzyme called acetaldehyde dehydrogenase then converts acetaldehyde into acetic acid.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) prevents acetaldehyde dehydrogenase from converting acetaldehyde into acetic acid, leading to a buildup of acetaldehyde levels in the blood.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is tested in the standard allergen tray as one of the components of the thiuram mix (tetraethylthiuram disulfide); Thiuram-sensitive patients who take Antabuse may develop a generalized contact dermatitis or localized hand and foot dermatitis.
A nurse dispensing Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) developed contact dermatitis; Drug-induced hepatitis has been rarely reported in patients taking therapeutic doses of Antabuse.

Poisoning by ingestion (with alcohol): headache, flushing, hypotension, sweating, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; Poisoning by ingestion (acute overdose): delirium, agitation, CNS depression; Poisoning by ingestion (chronic overdose): encephalopathy and neuropathy.

In severe cases, hepatitis such as both cholestatic and fulminant hepatitis, as well as hepatic failure resulting in transplantation or death, could occur upon treatment of disulfiram.
In a small number of patients, side effects include a transient mild drowsiness, fatigability, impotence, headache, acneform eruptions, allergic dermatitis, or a metallic or garlic-like aftertaste during the first two weeks of therapy.
These reactions often disappear spontaneously with the continuation of therapy, or with reduced dosage.

High dosage, combined toxicity (with metronidazole or isoniazid), or to the unmasking of underlying psychoses can cause psychotic reactions.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) irreversibly inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, which prevents the oxidation of alcohol after the acetaldehyde stage.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) interacts with ingested alcohol to produce acetaldehyde levels five to ten times higher than are produced by normal alcohol metabolism.

Excess acetaldehyde produces a highly unpleasant reaction (nausea and vomiting) to even a small quantity of alcohol.
Tolerance to disulfiram doesn’t occur; rather, sensitivity to alcohol increases with longer duration of therapy.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) offers fast vulcanization and gives more scorch delay than Dimacit TMTD.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfur less vulcanization systems and EV systems.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a valuable secondary accelerator.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) gives excellent dispersions in soft compounds due to its low melting point.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is non-staining and non-discoloring; excellent colors are obtained in non-black vulcanizates.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s are prepared by oxidizing the salts of the corresponding dithiocarbamates (e.g. sodium diethyldithiocarbamate).
Typical oxidants employed include chlorine and hydrogen peroxide:
2 R2NCSSNa + Cl2 → (R2NCSS)2 + 2 NaCl

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s react with Grignard reagents to give esters of dithiocarbamic acid, as in the preparation of methyl dimethyldithiocarbamate:
[Me2NC(S)S]2 + MeMgX → Me2NC(S)SMe + Me2NCS2MgX
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s feature planar dithiocarbamate subunits and are linked by an S−S bond of 2.00 Å. The C(S)−N bond is short (1.33 Å), indicative of multiple bonding.

The dihedral angle between the two dithiocarbamate subunits approaches 90°.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD)s are weak oxidants.
They can be reduced to dithiocarbamates.

Treatment of a Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) with triphenylphosphine, or with cyanide salts, yields the corresponding thiuram sulfide:
(R2NCSS)2 + PPh3 → (R2NCS)2S + SPPh3
Chlorination of thiuram disulfide affords the thiocarbamoyl chloride.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH1).
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is used in the study of chronic alcoholism, with acute sensitivity to alcohol, and is a potent copper ion-carrier that can be used in cuproptosis studies.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) inhibits gasdermin D (GSDMD) pore formation in liposomes and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in human and mouse cells.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) + Cu2+ increases intracellular ROS levels triggering apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has a molecular weight of approximately 296.54 g/mol.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is commonly found as a white to light yellow crystalline powder.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is sparingly soluble in water but dissolves in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

Similar to other thiuram disulfides, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) plays a crucial role in the vulcanization of rubber.
During vulcanization, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) reacts with sulfur and the polymer chains of rubber, forming cross-links that improve the strength, elasticity, and other mechanical properties of the rubber.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is known for its relatively slow rate of vulcanization.

This characteristic can be advantageous in certain rubber processing applications where a delayed onset of vulcanization is desirable.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), a pharmaceutical drug used to treat chronic alcoholism, is derived from Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD).
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body when alcohol is consumed.

This results in adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and flushing, discouraging the individual from drinking alcohol.
Workers involved in the production and handling of TETD should adhere to safety protocols, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles, to minimize the risk of skin and eye irritation.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), like other chemical compounds, is subject to regulatory oversight.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) users and manufacturers should be aware of and comply with regulations governing its production, storage, transportation, and disposal.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has been widely used as a rubber accelerator, ongoing research and developments in the rubber industry may lead to the discovery of new accelerators or improvements in existing ones.
The industry may explore alternatives for reasons such as environmental impact, performance, and safety.

Melting point: 69-71 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 117°C
Density: 1.27
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
refractive index: 1.5500 (estimate)
Flash point: 117°C/17mm
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: 0.004g/l
form: Crystals, Crystalline Powder or Granules
pka: 0.86±0.50(Predicted)
color: Light yellow
Odor: lt. gray powd., sl. odor
Water Solubility: 0.02 g/100 mL
Merck: 14,3364
BRN: 1712560
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 2 mg/m3
NIOSH: TWA 2 mg/m3
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidants.
InChIKey: AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 3.6 at 21℃

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) undergoes metabolism in the liver initially by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) forming acetaldehyde; this is removed from the body primarily by oxidation into acetate by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), which finally enters the citric acid cycle.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) acts by inhibiting the enzyme ALDH via its metabolite S-methyl N, N-diethyl-dithio-carbamate-sulphoxide, leading to accumulation of acetaldehyde in blood.
This gives rise to various manifestations of disulfiram-alcohol reaction (DER).

Since the inhibition of ALDH by disulfiram is irreversible, the DER will get terminated only after production of new ALDH oncedisulfiram is stopped.
The new ALDH takes about a week’s time to be produced.
Hence patients should be advised to take alcohol only after 2 weeks of stopping disulfiram.

In addition to this, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) also acts on the dopaminergic system, both disulfiram and its metabolite carbon disulfide leading to inhibition of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) that leads to increase in the levels of dopamine.
This may give rise to several neuropsychiatric manifestations such as delirium, paranoia, impairment of memory, ataxia, dysarthria and frontal lobe release signs.
Besides this action, disulfiram is also known to inhibit dopamine beta-hydroxylase leading to an increase in dopamine concentrations but decreased norepinephrine in the brain.

This may suggest an anti-craving role of disulfiram in alcohol dependence.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is used as a second line treatment of alcohol dependence, behind acamprosate and naltrexone.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is an aid for the management of selected chronic alcohol patients who want to remain in a state of enforced sobriety so that supportive and psychotherapeutic treatment may be applied to best advantage.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should be noted that disulfiram is not a cure for alcoholism.
When used alone, without proper motivation and supportive therapy, it is unlikely that it will have any substantive effect on the drinking pattern of the chronic alcoholic dependence.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should not be taken if alcohol has been consumed in the last 12 hours.

Recently, more and more studies have shown that Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has the potential for the treatment of cancer and HIV infections.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) can reactivate latent HIV-1 expression in a primary cell model of virus latency and has the potential to deplete the latent HIV-1 reservoir in patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) can reactivate latent HIV-1 expression via the Akt signaling pathway through depletion of PTEN.

Recent studies have disclosed a surprising, but mechanistically consistent, anticancer activity of disulfiram.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has been successfully used to suppress hepatic metastases originating from ocular melanoma.
The anticancer mechanism of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is through inhibiting the 26S proteasome (The orderly degradation of cellular proteins is critical for normal cell cycling and function, and inhibition of the proteasome pathway results in cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis).

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) was also found to have specific activity against zinc fingers and RING-finger ubiquitin E3 ligases that play an important role in cancer development.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is not allowed if the patients have consumed alcohol within the past 12 hours.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is not known whether disulfiram will harm an unborn baby.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is not known whether disulfiram passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should not be used in the following cases:
Allergic people; those who have recently taken metronidazole (Flagyl) or paraldehyde; or have consumed any foods or products that contain alcohol; People of the following cases should consult the doctors.

Liver or kidney disease; heart disease, high blood pressure, history of heart attack or stroke.
Underactive thyroid; diabetes; seizures or epilepsy; head injury or brain damage; a history of mental illness or psychosis; an allergy to rubber; or taking phenytoin (Dilantin), tuberculosis medicine, or a blood thinner (warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven).
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is valued for its ability to efficiently promote cross-linking in rubber, leading to improved properties such as elasticity, strength, and resistance to wear and aging.

The curing or vulcanization time of rubber formulations containing Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) can be influenced by its concentration.
Rubber manufacturers may adjust the accelerator dosage to achieve the desired curing times in their production processes.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is compatible with various rubber polymers, including natural rubber and synthetic rubbers like styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR).

This versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of rubber applications.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should be stored under specific conditions to maintain its stability.
Like many chemical compounds, exposure to factors such as heat, moisture, and incompatible substances should be minimized to prevent degradation.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may cause adverse health effects. Inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion should be avoided, and proper safety measures, including the use of protective equipment, should be employed to minimize the risk of exposure.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), it's essential to follow recommended handling precautions, including wearing appropriate protective clothing, using adequate ventilation, and avoiding contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Understanding the environmental fate of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is crucial for responsible use.

This includes considerations for its potential persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in the environment.
Proper disposal practices should be followed to prevent environmental contamination.
Analytical techniques are employed to monitor the presence of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) in various stages of rubber processing and in the final products.

These techniques help ensure that Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is used within specified limits and that the resulting rubber products meet quality standards.
Ongoing research may focus on optimizing the performance of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) in rubber formulations, exploring new applications, and addressing potential environmental and health concerns associated with its use.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), like other chemical compounds, is part of the global trade and supply chain.

Factors such as market demand, trade regulations, and geopolitical considerations can influence its availability and use.
Quality control measures are essential in rubber manufacturing to ensure that Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) and other additives are used in appropriate concentrations.
Monitoring and testing during the production process help maintain consistent product quality.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) can influence the cure characteristics of rubber compounds.
The choice of accelerator, including Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), can affect parameters such as scorch time, cure time, and cure rate, which are critical factors in rubber processing.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), as an accelerator, may influence the adhesion properties of vulcanized rubber.

The adhesion of rubber to various substrates is an important consideration in applications such as tire manufacturing.
Rubber formulations often use a combination of accelerators, including Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), to achieve synergistic effects.
The combination of different accelerators can enhance vulcanization efficiency and improve specific properties of the rubber.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is typically incorporated into rubber compounds during the compounding stage.
Rubber compounders carefully select and balance various ingredients, including accelerators, to achieve the desired properties in the final product.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) play a role in modifying the properties of rubber polymers.

This modification is essential for tailoring rubber formulations to meet specific performance requirements in diverse applications.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) are influenced by global trends in the rubber industry.
Shifts in demand for rubber products, such as tires, impact the use of TETD in various regions.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is part of the supply chain logistics in the rubber industry.
Efficient transportation, storage, and distribution practices are critical to ensuring a stable supply of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) for manufacturers.
As with many additives in rubber, considerations about the recyclability of rubber products containing Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) are important.

The impact of accelerators on the recycling process and the development of sustainable practices in the rubber industry are areas of ongoing research.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) should be monitored in workplaces where it is used.
Regular assessment of workplace air quality and adherence to occupational exposure limits help protect the health and safety of workers.

Ongoing research explores new technologies and innovations in rubber processing.
These advancements may lead to the development of novel accelerators or improvements in the performance of existing ones, including Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD).

Uses:
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) , is a sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compound with several industrial uses, including applications as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer, fungicide, and seed disinfectant.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is most commonly known as antabuse, a therapeutic agent for the treatment of alcohol abuse that causes nausea, vomiting, and other adverse effects when ethanol is ingested. Disulfiram is an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase so that it allows for buildup of the acetaldehyde metabolite of ethanol, causing unpleasant effects that are a deterrent to the ingestion of alcohol.
Because of the buildup of acetaldehyde, disulfiram should be given with extreme caution, especially to individuals suffering from liver cirrhosis.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is used as an accelerator, activator, stabilizer and vulcanizing agent for various rubber products.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is also used as a fungicide, seed disinfectant and in medicines used in the treatment of alcoholism.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of this chemical.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is found in drugs used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), is a widely used fungicide. The tetraethyl derivative, known as disulfiram, is commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) produces an acute sensitivity to alcohol ingestion by blocking metabolism of acetaldehyde by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to a higher concentration of the aldehyde in the blood, which in turn produces symptoms of a severe hangover.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is primarily used as an accelerator in the vulcanization process of rubber.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) promotes the formation of cross-links between polymer chains, leading to the improvement of rubber's mechanical properties.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is commonly used in the production of tires to enhance their performance characteristics.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) contributes to the vulcanization process, ensuring that the rubber in tires becomes more durable, heat-resistant, and able to maintain its shape under various conditions.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is also utilized in the manufacturing of various rubber products such as conveyor belts, hoses, seals, gaskets, and other industrial and consumer goods.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is role in vulcanization improves the overall quality and longevity of these rubber items.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), like other accelerators, can be included in adhesive and sealant formulations where vulcanization or curing of rubber is required.
This helps improve the adhesive properties and durability of the final product.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may find application in the plastics industry where it is used as a cross-linking agent for certain types of elastomers or polymer blends, contributing to improved physical properties.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be employed in the vulcanization of specialty rubbers, such as ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, which is commonly used in automotive parts, electrical insulation, and roofing materials.
The choice of accelerator depends on the specific rubber formulation and its intended application.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) can be used in the curing of latex compounds.

Latex is a dispersion of rubber particles in water, and Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), as an accelerator, can aid in the vulcanization process of latex-based products, including certain types of adhesives and coatings.
In the field of rubber and polymer science, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be used in research and development to study its effects on vulcanization kinetics, cross-linking efficiency, and the properties of the resulting materials.
Researchers may explore variations in formulations to optimize performance in specific applications.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is sometimes used in combination with other accelerators, such as thiurams, sulfenamides, and dithiocarbamates, to achieve synergistic effects and fine-tune the vulcanization process.
The combination of accelerators allows rubber manufacturers to tailor the curing characteristics to meet specific requirements.
As with other accelerators, the use of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be influenced by regulatory requirements and environmental considerations.

Rubber manufacturers may adjust formulations to comply with evolving regulations and to meet industry standards for sustainability and safety.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is mainly known for its use in the rubber industry, its derivative, disulfiram, is used in medicine. Disulfiram is used as a medication to treat chronic alcoholism.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body when alcohol is consumed.

This results in unpleasant reactions, discouraging individuals from drinking alcohol.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is known as a delayed-action accelerator, meaning it has a slower rate of vulcanization compared to some other accelerators.
This characteristic can be advantageous in certain rubber processing applications where a controlled and delayed onset of vulcanization is desired.

In addition to its use in rubber, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has found applications in the textile industry, where it can be used in certain processes related to the treatment of textiles and fabrics.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be incorporated into rubber formulations used for wire and cable insulation.
The vulcanization process ensures that the rubber insulation maintains its integrity under various conditions, providing electrical insulation properties.

In some formulations for foam rubber products, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may be used as an accelerator to enhance the curing process and improve the physical properties of the foam, such as resilience and elasticity.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is often compatible with oil-extended rubbers, where rubber compounds are extended or reinforced with oils.
This compatibility allows for versatility in formulating rubber compounds for various applications.

Rubber formulators may choose Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) based on its compatibility with specific rubber types, processing conditions, and the desired properties of the final rubber product.
The selection of accelerators is a critical aspect of rubber compounding.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) formulations, like other rubber compounds, should be stored under appropriate conditions to maintain stability.

Adequate storage practices help ensure that the accelerator retains its effectiveness during the shelf life of the rubber product.
Rubber manufacturers carefully evaluate the cure characteristics of formulations containing Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD).
This includes monitoring parameters such as scorch time, cure time, and cure rate to optimize the vulcanization process and ensure consistency in product quality.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is part of the global trade in rubber chemicals.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is availability and usage are influenced by factors such as market demand, economic conditions, and trade agreements.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is a copper and zinc chelator and an irreversible inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (IC50 = 0.1 mM) that has been indicated for the treatment of alcohol dependence.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) also inhibits the copper-dependent enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase, which prevents the breakdown of dopamine and has been considered as a treatment for cocaine dependence.
When in complex with copper, Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) has been shown to inhibit purified 20S proteasome (IC50 = 7.5 μM) and 26S proteasome (IC50 = 20 μM) from MDA-MB-0231 breast cancer cells.

Because Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) targets the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, it has been investigated as an anti-cancer agent.
Furthermore, at 250 nM it has been shown to induce reactive oxygen species, to activate JNK and p38 pathways, and to inhibit NF-κB activity, which suppresses self-renewal in cancer stem cells.

Metabolism:
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is rapidly reduced to diethyldithiocarbamate, mainly by the glutathione reductase system in erythrocytes; reduction may also occur in the liver.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) is metabolised in the liver to its glucuronide and methyl ester and to diethylamine, carbon disulfide, and sulfate ions.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) are excreted mainly in the urine; carbon disulfide is exhaled in the breath.

Toxicity evaluation
Disulfiram has multiple mechanisms of toxicity. Its most welldefined action is inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase, which thereby diminishes the breakdown of acetaldehyde. Accumulation of carbon disulfide, a disulfiram metabolite, as well as inhibition of dopamine-b-hydroxylase has also been associated with its toxicity in particular related to use for cocaine dependence.

Safety Profile:
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) a human poison by ingestion.
An experimental poison by intraperitoneal route.
Toxic symptoms when accompanied by ingestion of alcohol.

Human systemic effects by ingestion: jaundtce, joint changes.
Other experimental reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic data.

Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), like many chemical compounds, should be handled with care.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) can pose health hazards, including skin and eye irritation, and proper safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, should be followed.

Health Hazard:
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) affects the central nervous system, thyroid, and skin; in combination with alcohol it causes an “Antabusealcohol” syndrome.
Small doses of Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) reportedly can cause effects on thyroid iodine uptake and thyroid gland hypertrophy.
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) may also produce dermatitis and acneform rashes.

Synonyms:
2-Cyano-4-phenylpyridine
4-phenylpyridine-2-carbonitrile
18714-16-4
4-Phenylpicolinonitrile
4-Phenyl-2-pyridinecarbonitrile
2-Pyridinecarbonitrile,4-phenyl-
2-Pyridinecarbonitrile, 4-phenyl-
SCHEMBL317097
DTXSID0066400
4-phenyl-pyridine-2-carbonitrile
tetraethylthiuram disulfide (tetd)
TXLINXBIWJYFNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
AKOS023880231
4-Phenylpyridine-2-carbonitrile, 97%
TS-02524
CS-0333761
FT-0720248
A1-20075
J-012039

THF; Tetramethylene oxide; Oxolane; Butylene oxide; Cyclotetramethylene oxide; Furanidine; 1,4-Epoxy-Butane;Oxacyclopentane; Oxolane; Tetrahydrofuran; Tetramethylene oxide; Diethylene oxide; Hydrofuran; Tetrahydrofuraan; Tetrahydrofuranne; Tetraidrofurano CAS NO: 109-99-9

cis-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride; 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride; 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalicacidanhydride; 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-phthalicanhydrid; 1,3-isobenzofurandione, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-, cis-; 1,3-isobenzofurandione,3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-; 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1,3-benzofurandione; 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-3-isobenzofurandione CAS NO: 85-43-8

DESCRIPTION:
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) is an organic compound with the formula HOCH2C4H7O.
In terms of its structure, Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol consists of a tetrahydrofuran ring substituted in the 2-position with a hydroxymethyl group.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a colorless liquid that is used as a specialty solvent and synthetic intermediate, e.g. to 3,4-dihydropyran.

CAS Number: 97-99-4
EC Number: 202-625-6
Molar Mass: 102.13 g/mol
Hill Formula: C₅H₁₀O₂
Preferred IUPAC name: (Oxolan-2-yl)methanol

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is prepared by hydrogenation of furfural.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a precursor to 1,5-pentanediol.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol undergoes chemoselective hydrogenolysis catalyzed by Rh/SiO2 modified with ReOx species to yield 1,5-pentanediol.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol undergoes lanthanum-mediated Michael-type addition reaction with maleate to form alkoxybutanedioic acid.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a mild odor.
Vapors of Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol are heavier than air.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a primary alcohol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol has a role as a protic solvent.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a primary alcohol and a member of oxolanes.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a natural product found in Mangifera indica with data available.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is produced commercially by catalytic hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol using the Nickel based catalyst of high activity and selectivity.
THFA has a purity of 98.5%.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol has a boiling point of 176 °C and a flash point of -40 °C.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is soluble in water and glycol ethers.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used as an industrial solvent for paints, dyes, lacquers, varnishes, and other coatings.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol also serves as an excellent catalyst for hydrogenation reactions.
The use of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons to produce saturated compounds is well known.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol may be injected into the body to treat conditions such as epilepsy and depression.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol can also be used as a transfer reagent in organic synthesis reactions that require transfer of the tetra-hydro-group from one reactant to another.

USES OF TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL:
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is often used in epoxy resin formulations in either the epoxy component or amine hardener as well as other general resin applications
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol was used as refractive-index matching solvent to ensure hard sphere suspension of silica particles for rheological measurements.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a low cost, biodegradable solvent mainly used as a reactive diluent for epoxy resins and is a good solvent for many of the curative and catalysts used in epoxy formulations.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol will accelerate the cure of Bisphenol, resins with either aliphatic or aromatic amine curative.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is also used in the following applications:
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used in Biocide and pesticide formulations.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used in Stripping formulations.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used in Electronic cleaner formulations.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used in Coatings, dyes and printing ink.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used in Epoxy curing agent.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (CAS 97-99-4) is a biomass-based solvent produced via catalytic hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol.
As a solvent, Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used in agrochemical formulations, cleaning products, metal-working fluids and coating/paint stripper formulations.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is biodegradable and water-soluble and does have a low vapor pressure and has excellent solvable properties.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is also used as a chemical intermediate.

APPLICATIONS OF TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL:

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a furfural derivative obtained by catalytic hydrogenation.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol has many applications in various industries.
For example, Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used as an environmentally benign, biodegradable, water-miscible solvent for agrochemical formulations (biocides, pesticides, fungicides, herbicides), cleaning products, dyes and resins, and as an ingredient for polymers and resins, lacquers, pharmaceuticals and specialty chemicals, and adhesive formulations.

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is Used as (cleaning) solvent, a.o. in electronics industry
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is Used as synthetic intermediate
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is Used in resins (prepolymers), sealants and adhesives

Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is Used as laboratory reagent
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is Used in the formulation of agrochemicals

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL:
Chemical formula C5H10O2
Molar mass 102.133 g•mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 1.0511 g/cm3
Boiling point 178 °C (352 °F; 451 K)
Flash point 83.9 °C (183.0 °F; 357.0 K)
CAS number 97-99-4
EC index number 603-061-00-7
EC number 202-625-6
Hill Formula C₅H₁₀O₂
Molar Mass 102.13 g/mol
HS Code 2932 13 00
Boiling point 178 °C (1013 hPa)
Density 1.05 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit 1.5 - 9.7 %(V)
Flash point 73 °C
Ignition temperature 282 °C
Melting Point Vapor pressure 1 hPa (25 °C)
Assay (GC, area%) ≥ 98.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C) 1.052 - 1.054
Identity (IR) passes test
vapor density: 3.52 (vs air)
Quality Level: 100
vapor pressure: 2.3 mmHg ( 39 °C)
Assay:99%
Form: liquid
expl. lim.: 9.7 %
refractive index: n20/D 1.452 (lit.)
bp: 178 °C (lit.)
mp: −80 °C (lit.)
Solubility:
acetone: miscible(lit.)
alcohol: miscible(lit.)
benzene: miscible(lit.)
chloroform: miscible(lit.)
diethyl ether: miscible(lit.)
water: miscible(lit.)
Molecular Weight 102.13 g/mol
XLogP3-AA -0.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2
Rotatable Bond Count 1
Exact Mass 102.068079557 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 102.068079557 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 29.5Å²
Heavy Atom Count 7
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 54
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Assay: 99.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Specific Gravity: 1.05000 to 1.05200 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 8.737 to 8.754
Refractive Index: 1.44900 to 1.45500 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -80.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 178.00 to 179.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Acid Value: 3.00 max. KOH/g
Vapor Pressure: 0.326000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 3.52 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 183.00 °F. TCC ( 83.89 °C. )
logP (o/w): -0.367 (est)
Soluble in:
alcohol
ethyl ether
water, 4.634e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Appearance: colourless to light-yellow liquid
Boiling point: 178°C
Flash point: 73°C (closed cup), 84°C (open cup)
Melting point/freezing point: < -120°C
pH: 5 - 6 (250 g/L in water)
Refractive index (20°C): 1.449 - 1.453
Relative density (20°C/4°C): 1.052
Relative density (20°C/20°C): 1.054 - 1.056
Viscosity (20°C): 6.4 mPa.s
Vapour pressure (25°C): 0.142 kPa
Evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1): 0.03
Auto-ignition temperature: 282°C
Heat of vaporization: 120.6 cal/g
Solubility in water: miscible
Soluble in: ethanol, ether, chloroform, methanol, 1-propanol,
iso-amyl alcohol, ethyl acetate
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water: -0.14
Hansen solubility parameter:
• Non-polar: 9.8
• Polar: 5.0
• Hydrogen bonding: 7.8
Dielectric constant (23°C): 13.6
Shelf life:
The product should be stored under ambient conditions (max. 25°C), protected from exposure to direct sunlight, heat sources and air.
Storage under nitrogen atmosphere is recommended

SYNONYMS OF TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL:
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, (R)-isomer
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, (S)-isomer
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL
97-99-4
(Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol
Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol
oxolan-2-ylmethanol
THFA
2-Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-2-furanylmethanol
QO Thfa
Furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydro-
Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol
Tetrahydrofuryl carbinol
Tetrahydro-2-furfuryl alcohol
Tetrahydro-2-furylmethanol
Tetrahydrofurylalkohol
2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran
tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethanol
Tetrahydrofurylmethanol
FEMA No. 3056
TETRAHYDROFURFURYLALCOHOL
Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol
tetrahydro furfuryl alcohol
Oxolan-2-methanol
NSC 15434
2-Hydroxymethyl-Tetrahydrofuran
DTXSID1029128
MFCD00005372
.alpha.-Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
XD95821VF9
NSC-15434
DTXCID909128
CAS-97-99-4
Tetrahydrofurylalkohol [Czech]
CCRIS 2923
HSDB 5314
Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol [Czech]
EINECS 202-625-6
Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-
BRN 0102723
(R)-(-)-Tetrahydrofurfurylalcohol
UNII-XD95821VF9
AI3-00104
MFCD03093085
MFCD04972320
[(2R)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methanol
Thfa (van)
tetrahydrofuranmethanol
tetrahydrofuran-methanol
(oxolan-2-yl)methanol
tetrahydrofuran--methanol
tetrahydrofuran - methanol
tetrahydrofuran-2-methanol
EC 202-625-6
WLN: T5OTJ B1Q
2-tetrahydrofuranyl-methanol
SCHEMBL4208
Qo tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
(tetrahydro-2furanyl)methanol
2-hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran
tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethanol
2-hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofuran
alpha-Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
(R)-Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 8CI
CHEMBL2287521
rac-tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethanol
THFA,Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol
(RS)-tetrahydrofuran-2-methanol
FEMA 3056
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 98%
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 99%
(tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-methanol
CHEBI:137944
rac-2-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran
NSC15434
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, >=98%
Tox21_201324
Tox21_303393
STL280495
AKOS000118902
AKOS016352940
AM81815
CS-W004058
SB44757
SB44818
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [MI]
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [FCC]
NCGC00249026-01
NCGC00257256-01
NCGC00258876-01
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [FHFI]
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [HSDB]
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL [INCI]
93842-55-8
SY106537
SY227666
DB-016193
FT-0605078
FT-0650427
FT-0695328
FT-0771179
T0106
TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ALCOHOL, (+/-)-
EN300-19349
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, analytical standard
D77646
A845782
J-524856
Q2406741
F0001-0790
(Tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol
102723 [Beilstein]
202-625-6 [EINECS]
2-Furanmethanol, tetrahydro- [ACD/Index Name]
97-99-4 [RN]
LU2450000
Oxolan-2-yl methanol
oxolan-2-ylmethanol
T5OTJ B1Q [WLN]
Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol
Tetrahydro-2-furanylmethanol [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Tetrahydro-2-furanylmethanol [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Tétrahydro-2-furanylméthanol [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethanol
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
THFA
UNII:XD95821VF9
XD95821VF9
(??)-Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol
(±)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran
(±)-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
(oxolan-2-yl)methanol
(R)-(-)-TETRAHYDROFURFURYLALCOHOL
(R)-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol
(S)-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methanol
(tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-methanol
[(2R)-2-oxolanyl]methanol
[97-99-4] [RN]
1,4-Bis(5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzene
2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran
2-Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-, (2R)- [ACD/Index Name]
2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran
2-Hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran
FEMA 3056
Furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydro-
Furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydro- (8CI)
MFCD03093085 [MDL number]
MFCD04972320 [MDL number]
OCc1ccco1
Oxolan-2-methanol
oxolan-2-ylmethan-1-ol
POPOP [Wiki]
Qo tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
QO Thfa
tetrahydro furfuryl alcohol
Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol
Tetrahydro-2-furfuryl alcohol
Tetrahydro-2-furylmethanol
Tetrahydrofurancarbinol, 2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran
tetrahydro-furfuryl acrylate
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 8CI
tetrahydrofurfurylalcohol
Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol [Czech]
Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol
Tetrahydrofuryl carbinol
Tetrahydrofurylalkohol
Tetrahydrofurylmethanol
Thfa (van)
THFA,Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol
α-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
α-Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
ξ-Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol

SYNONYMS THPS; Pyroset TKO; Retardol S; Octakis(hydroxymethyl)diphosphonium sulfate; Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (2:1); Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium)sulfate CAS NO. 55566-30-8; 58591-11-0; 65257-04-7

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a substituted amine.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is excellent antistatic, dispersing, anticorrosive, lubricating, cleansing, emulsifying, solubilizing abilities.

CAS Number: 102-60-3
EC Number: 203-041-4
Chem/IUPAC Name: 1,1',1'',1'''-Ethylenedinitrilotetrapropan-2-ol
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C14H32N2O4

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 tonnes per annum.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is biodegradable.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is easily soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is weakly alkaline.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is excellent antistatic, dispersing, anticorrosive, lubricating, cleansing, emulsifying, solubilizing abilities.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a chelating agent that binds with metal ions or metallic compounds, preventing them from adhering to a surface (such as skin, hair, or clothing) or causing contamination, such as in the case of trace amounts of iron.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is colorless viscous liquid.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is gentle, non-irritating and non-greasy pH adjuster.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is formulated with the feature high alcohol compatibility to stimulate a pleasant, nonsticky sensation on the skin.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is miscible with water, methanol, ethanol, toluene, ethylene glycol and perchloroethylene.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, oxidizing agents and chloroformates.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is an ideal neutralizing agent for gel formulations such as carbomer.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine forms very few nitrosamines when compared to other amine-containing bases.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is colorless liquid.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is colorless viscous liquid.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine exhibits high alcohol compatibility and gives the skin a non-sticky and comfortable feel.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine forms very few nitrosamines when compared to other amine-containing bases.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a reaction product of ethylenediamine with 4 moles of propylene oxide.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is formulated with the feature high alcohol compatibility to stimulate a pleasant, nonsticky sensation on the skin.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a reaction product of ethylenediamine with 4 moles of propylene oxide.
This gel, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine, is formulated with the feature high alcohol compatibility to stimulate a pleasant, nonsticky sensation on the skin.

At room temperature, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is clear soluble in water, alcohol, and propylene glycol.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine forms dull dispersions in mineral oils.
It has been demonstrated that the tendency of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine to form nitrosamines is extremely slight if it is substituted for other bases that contain amines.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a derivative of Ethylenediamine here all hydrogens connected with nitrogens are replaced with four 2-hydroxypropyl groups.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is particularly suited as a neutralizing agent for polymers in clear gel formulations and forms clear solutions with solvents like water, ethanol, isopropanol, and propylene glycol.

The gels formulated with Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine have excellent alcohol compatibility and have a pleasant non-tacky skin feeling.
In comparison to other bases containing amines, it could be proved that Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine shows a considerably lower tendency to form nitroamines.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine has been toxicologically tested with regard to cosmetic use.
Within the recommended applications and concentrations of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine, no indications of toxicological risks were found.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is gentle, non-irritating and non-greasy pH adjuster.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the following products: coating products, adhesives and sealants, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.

Other release to the environment of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing.

Release to the environment of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal) and of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the following products: coating products, adhesives and sealants and polymers.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine can be found in products with material based on: plastic used for toys and other articles intended for children’s use, including baby-bottles, plastic used for articles with intense direct dermal (skin) contact during normal use (e.g. handles, ball pens), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones) and wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and plastic products.
Other release to the environment of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is likely to occur from: outdoor use and indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the following products: coating products, adhesives and sealants, adsorbents, air care products, anti-freeze products, metals, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and non-metal-surface treatment products.
Release to the environment of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, for thermoplastic manufacture and in the production of articles.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the following products: polymers and adhesives and sealants.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.

Release to the environment of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine can occur from industrial use: for thermoplastic manufacture, in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Release to the environment of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures, and thermoplastic manufacture.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used metal complexing agent for electroless copper plating in circuit board manufacturing.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used crosslinking agent for polyurethane products.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used concrete water reducing agent raw materials.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for a flux and cleaning agent.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for synthetic rubber, antistatic agent, synthetic plastic stabilizer.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as metal complexing agent, as scaling powder and cleaner in electroless copper PCB plating.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used Chelating agent, solvent.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as metal complexing agent, used as scaling powder and cleaner in electroless copper PCB plating.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a chelant and it is used in cosmetics to bind metal ions to prevent unwanted metal-reactions within the formulation which could have negative effects on stability, preservation and product performance.

In Colorants Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine helps to preserve the intended color result and product stability in case of metal ion exposure during manufacturing of the tint.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is mainly used for electroless copper plating complexing agent.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for electroless copper plating in circuit board manufacturing.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is mainly used for chemical copper plating complexing agent.
Metal complexing agent, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for electroless copper plating, flux and cleaning agent in circuit board manufacturing.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as solvent.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as cleansing agent.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as corrosion inhibitor, lubricant.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as antistatic agent.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as chelating agent.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as intermediate in organic synthesis.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used Chelating agent in personal care products
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a complexing agent.
Cosmetic Uses of Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine: chelating agents

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine uses and applications include: Detergent polymer; for surface coatings; emulsions; paints; paper and leather finishes; water treatment; dispersant and scale inhibitor for oil field water treatment; binder for textiles; thickener for fabric laminates, textile printing pastes; antistat, binder, film-former in cosmetics; thickener, stabilizer for cosmetics, paints, inks, waxes, polishes, detergents, etc.; in food packaging adhesives; in paperpaperboard in contact with dry food.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a Polymers of two or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or their simple esters.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used Cosmetic, Water Treatment, Textiles, Adhesives, Detergent.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as a catalyst in the production of urethane foams.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine acts as a complexing agent, plasticizer, surfactant solubilizer and curing agent for epoxy resin.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is also used as a viscosity modifier and as an anti-bloating agent for cattle.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is utilized in piezoelectric crystal detectors of sulfur dioxide and in additives for paint.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine serves as a biological buffer as well as reagent for manganese.
Further, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine finds application in adhesives and sealant chemicals.
In addition to this, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as a cross-linking agent.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used as a catalyst in manufacturing urethane foams, epoxy resin curing agent, complexing agent, humectant, plasticizer, chelate, surfactant solubilizer, viscosity modifier, and intermediate.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is also used as an anti-bloating agent for cattle.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in piezoelectric crystal detectors
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is the most suitable neutralizing agent for gel formulations using carbomer, etc.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for Face care, Body care, Make-up, Face and body hygiene, Hair care.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is also used by the cosmetic industry in soap-making and in stearate creams.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used Antiperspirant/Deodorants, Body Care, Oral Care, Sun Care, and more.
These high-performing products enable the development of formulations that fulfill consumer’s needs.

Gels formulated with Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine feature high alcohol compatibility and stimulate a pleasant, non-sticky sensation on the skin.
Other applications for Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine in the cosmetic field are the manufacture of soap, the production of stearate cremes, and the neutralization of sunscreens that contain acid groups.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a neutralizing agent for carbomer resins.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used in the production of gels.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine finds application in formulating skin-, sun-, men-, mother- & baby-, body-, face and color care products.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is also used in skin cleansing, hair care (hair coloring, shampoos, conditioners, styling products), self-tanning, liquid soaps and shower/bath products.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used neutralizing agent for carbomer resins, e.g. in the production of gels.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is an eminently suitable neutralizing agent for carbomer resin.
For example: in the production of gels.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used Bath & Shower, Body Care, Eye Liner, Face Care, Foundations, Mascara, Skin Care, Skin Cleansing, Sun Care.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a neutralizing agent that is used for carbomer resins (e.g., in the production of gels).
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is a clear, viscous liquid that is commonly used in baby care and cleansing, body care, face cleansing, hair coloring, shower/bath products, styling, etc.

Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used for the manufacture of soap and stearate cremes.
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine is used Skin Care, Cleanser, Sun Care, Mother and baby, Hair care, Shampoo and Conditioner, Styling product, Hair color, Bath and Body
Men, Skin care, Body care, Face Care, Self Tanning, Pet Care, Pet Care TSCA, and Pet Care DSL.

WHAT DOES TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Chelating

FUNCTIONS OF TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
*Chelating agent:
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine reacts and forms complexes with metal ions which could affect the stability and/or appearance of cosmetic products

BENEFITS CLAIMS OF TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
*Chelating
*Sun Protection
*Cleansing
*Self-Tanning
*Non-Irradiated
*Ease of Styling
*After-Sun Repair

FUNCTIONS OF TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
*Scale Inhibitor
*Acid
*Dispersant
*Stabilizer
*pH adjuster / buffer
*Neutralizing Agent

ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
*Trialkylamines
*Secondary alcohols
*Organopnictogen compounds
*Hydrocarbon derivatives

SUBSTITUENTS OF TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
*Tertiary aliphatic amine
*Tertiary amine
*Secondary alcohol
*1,2-aminoalcohol
*Organic oxygen compound
*Organopnictogen compound
*Hydrocarbon derivative
*Organooxygen compound
*Alcohol
*Aliphatic acyclic compound

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in: water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Formula: C14h32n2o4
CAS No.: 102-60-3
EINECS: 203-041-4
Status: Liquid Catalyst
Response Type: Polymerization
Classification: Homogeneous Catalysts
Effect Size: Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine
Application: Industry
Appearance: Colorless to light yellow clear liquid
Assay: 99%min.
Appearance: Colorless to light yellow clear liquid
Assay: 99%min
Content of water: ≤0.15
pH value: 8.0-11.0
Solubility: Clear liquid
Melting point: 32°C
Boiling point: 175-181 °C0.8 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.4812(lit.)
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: Store below 30°C.
PKA: 14.23±0.20(Predicted)
Specific Gravity: 1.013
PH: 10.4 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Appearance: Colorless to light yellow viscous liquid
Colorless viscous liquid
PH Value, 1% water solution: 10.0 ~12.0
Effective content (%): 73.0 ~ 77.0
Color (Pt-Co): ≤ 30
Dynamic viscocity: (mPa’s, 25℃） 205 ~ 360
Proportion (g/cm3, 25℃）: 1.040 ~ 1.060
Solubility: 100% soluble in water

Physical state: viscous
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 175 - 181 °C at 1 hPa
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 211 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water
log Pow: -2,08 at 25 °C
Vapor pressure: 0,000011 hPa at 20 °C
Density: 1,013 g/mL at 25 °C

Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:
Surface tension: 63,94 mN/m at 20 °C
Water Solubility: 79.4 g/L
logP: -0.66, logP: -0.89, logS: -0.57
pKa (Strongest Acidic): 14.69
pKa (Strongest Basic): 9.5
Physiological Charge: 1
Hydrogen Acceptor Count: 6
Hydrogen Donor Count: 4
Polar Surface Area: 87.4 Å²
Rotatable Bond Count: 11
Refractivity: 80.85 m³•mol⁻¹

Polarizability: 33.93 Å³
Number of Rings: 0
Bioavailability: 1
Rule of Five: Yes
Ghose Filter: No
Veber's Rule: No
MDDR-like Rule
Density: 1.03
Boiling Point: 240°C (10mmHg)
Flash Point: >110°C (230°F)
Odor: Odorless
Refractive Index: 1.48
Merck Index: 14,3599
Solubility Information: Miscible with water,methanol,ethanol,toluene,ethylene glycol and perchloroethylene.
Formula Weight: 292.42
Percent Purity: 99%
Chemical Name or Material: N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Molecular Weight: 292.41 g/mol

XLogP3-AA: -0.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
Rotatable Bond Count: 11
Exact Mass: 292.23620751 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 292.23620751 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 87.4Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 20
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 199
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 4
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .

SYNONYMS:
Edetol [USAN:INN]; 1,1,1,1-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
Entprol
Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
2-Propanol, 1,1,1,1-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
2-Propanol, 1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
THPE
Chemical Q75
EDTP Tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine
Edetol, Entprol, (Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol, Quadrol
102-60-3
203-041-4
1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ETHANEDIYLDINITRILO)TETRAKIS(2-PROPANOL)
2-PROPANOL, 1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ETHANEDIYLDINITRILO)TETRAKIS-
EDETOL [HSDB]
EDETOL [INN]
EDETOL [USAN]
ENTPROL [MI]
N,N,N',N'-TETRAKIS (2-HYDROXYPROPYL) ETHYLENEDIAMINE
N,N,N',N'-TETRAKIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE
NSC-369219
QUADROL
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE [INCI]
Quadrol
Edetol
Entprol
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine
Quadrol
THPE
(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
1-({2-[Bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]ethyl}(2-hydroxypropyl)amino)propan-2-ol
1-{2-[Bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl)amino}-2-propanol
1-{2-[Bis(2-oxidanylpropyl)amino]ethyl-(2-oxidanylpropyl)amino}propan-2-ol
Tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine
Tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine
Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetrakis(2-propanol)
1,1',1',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
2-Propanol, 1,1',1'',1'''-(ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-
2-Propanol, 1,1',1',1'''-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
Adeka Quadrol
ENTPROL
Entprol
N,N,N',N'-Tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine
Quadrol
Quadrol L
THPE
1,1',1'',1'''-(ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol monotosylate
Quadrol
N,N,N',n'-tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine
1,1',1'',1'''-(ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
2-Propanol,1,1',1'',1'''-(ethylenedinitrilo)tetra- (6CI,7CI,8CI)
1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-Ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis[2-propanol]
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra(2-propanol)
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetrakis(2-propanol)
Adeka Quadrol
ENTPROL
EPD 300
Edetol
Laprol 294
N,N,N',N'-Tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(b-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
NP 300
NSC 369219
Neutrol
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine
Newpol NP 300
Quadrol
Quadrol L
THPE
Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ETHANEDIYLDINITRILO)TETRAKIS(2-PROPANOL)
2-PROPANOL, 1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2- ETHANEDIYLDINITRILO)TETRAKIS-
EDETOL
EDETOL [HSDB]
EDETOL [INN]
EDETOL [USAN]
ENTPROL [MI]
N,N,N',N'-TETRAKIS (2-HYDROXYPROPYL) ETHYLENEDIAMINE
N,N,N',N'-TETRAKIS( 2-HYDROXYPROPYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE
NSC-369219
QUADROL
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE [INCI]
102-60-3
Edetol
Quadrol
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
Entprol
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine
Adeka Quadrol
Quadrol L
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
Tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine
2-Propanol, 1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
Edetolum [Latin]
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanetriyl))tetrakis(propan-2-ol)
Edetol [USAN:INN]
Edetolum
NSC 369219
EDTP
N,N,N',N'-Tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
1,1',1'',1'''-Ethylenedinitrilotetrapropan-2-ol
HSDB 5349
1-[2-[bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetrakis(2-propanol)
TETRAKIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL)ETHYLENEDIAMINE
EINECS 203-041-4
NSC-369219
BRN 1781143
UNII-Q4R969U9FR
2-Propanol, 1,1',1'',1'''-(ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-
CCRIS 8275
Q4R969U9FR
DTXSID9026689
Ethylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetra-2-propanol
2-Propanol, 1',1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
C14H32N2O4
Edetol (USAN)
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethanediylnitrilo)tetrakis(2-propanol)
NCGC00164339-02
EDETOL [USAN]
EC 203-041-4
4-04-00-01685 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
1,1',1',1'''-(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
DTXCID806689
Ethylenedinitrilotetra-2-Propanol
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-Hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine, 98%
2-Propanol, 1,1',1',1'''-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
CAS-102-60-3
N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
EDTP
1,1',1'',1'''-(ethane-1,2-diyldinitrilo)tetrapropan-2-ol
Quadrol(R)
(Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol
Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine (TN)
EDETOL [HSDB]
EDETOL [INN]
ENTPROL [MI]
SCHEMBL48412
MLS004773924
N,N,N,N-Tetrakis(2-Hydroxypropyl)- Ethylenediamine
CHEMBL1573178
CHEBI:193592
HMS3264C08
Pharmakon1600-01301023
HY-B2149
Tox21_112102
Tox21_201973
Tox21_300552
MFCD00004534
NSC369219
NSC760394
tetra(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
1,1',1'',1'''-(Ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanetriyl))-tetrakis(propan-2-ol)
AKOS015892820
C14-H32-N2-O4
Tox21_112102_1
CCG-230630
NSC-760394
SB82446
Tetra (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine
NCGC00164339-01
NCGC00164339-03
NCGC00164339-04
NCGC00164339-05
NCGC00254289-01
NCGC00259522-01
BS-23689
SMR001600027
LS-122312
CS-0020301
FT-0626306
T0781
D03948
F71260
N(CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O)(CC(C)O)CC(C)O
NNN'N'-Tetrakis(2-Hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
TETRAHYDROXYPROPYL ETHYLENEDIAMINE [INCI]
Tetrakis-[N-(2-hydroxy-propyl)]-ethylenediamine
1,1',1'',1'''-ethylendinitrilotetrapropan-2-ol
A800588
J-000740
n,n,n',n'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine
N,N,N,N-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine;EDTP
Q26841009
Ethylenedinitrilo)tetra-2-propanol, 1,1',1'',1'''-(
1, 1', 1'', 1'''- ethylenedinitrilotetrapropan- 2- ol
2-Propanol, 1,1',1',1'-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis-
1,1',1'',1'''-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanetriyl))tetrapropan-2-ol
1,1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ETHANEDIYLDINITRILO)TETRAKIS(2-PROPANOL)
1-[2-[bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]-2-propanol
1-[2-[bis(2-oxidanylpropyl)amino]ethyl-(2-oxidanylpropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
2-propanol, 1,1', 1'', 1'''-(1,2-etanodiildinitrilo) tetraquis-
1,1'',1'''',1''''''-(Ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanetriyl))tetrakis(propan-2-ol)
N,N,N inverted exclamation marka,N inverted exclamation marka-Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.

CAS Number: 546-68-9
Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti
Molecular Weight: 284.22
EINECS Number: 208-909-6

Titanium tetraisopropanolate, 546-68-9, Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Ti Isopropylate, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Isopropyl orthotitanate, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE, propan-2-olate;titanium(4+), A 1 (titanate), Orgatix TA 10, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tyzor TPT, Isopropyl Titanate, TTIP, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Titanium tetra-n-propoxide, Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium(4+) salt, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, titanium(IV) propan-2-olate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (4:1), Titanium(IV) Tetraisopropoxide, Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, 76NX7K235Y, titanium(4+) tetrakis(propan-2-olate), Isopropyl titanate(IV), titanium tetra(isopropoxide), Titanium isopropylate (VAN), TITANIUM (IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, titanium(4+) tetrapropan-2-olate, HSDB 848, Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium, NSC-60576, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4), EINECS 208-909-6, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4), NSC 60576, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, titanium(IV)tetraisopropoxide, C12H28O4Ti, UNII-76NX7K235Y, TIPT, Ti(OiPr)4, tetraisopropoxy titanium, tetraisopropoxy-titanium, titaniumtetraisopropoxide, titaniumtetraisopropylate, titanium(IV)isopropoxide, tetra-isopropoxy titanium, titanium (IV)isopropoxide, tetra-iso-propoxy titanium, titanium tetra-isopropoxide, titanium-tetra-isopropoxide, EC 208-909-6, titanium (4+) isopropoxide, Titanium isopropoxide(TTIP), VERTEC XL 110, tetraisopropoxytitanium (IV), titanium tetra (isopropoxide), titanium (IV)tetraisopropoxide, titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide, TITANUM-(IV)-ISOPROPOXIDE, CHEBI:139496, AKOS015892702, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE [MI], TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPANOLATE [HSDB].

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, also known as titanium tetraisopropoxide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent odor.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is commonly used as a catalyst and crosslinking agent in various industrial processes, including the production of polyesters, polyurethanes, and silicone elastomers.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate acts as a precursor for titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and is utilized in the synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid materials.
Additionally, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate finds applications in adhesives, coatings, sealants, and as a surface treatment agent for glass and metal substrates.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol. About the same density as water. Vapors heavier than air.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is an organic compound composed of titanium and isopropyl groups (-C(CH3)2).
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment widely used in paint, cosmetics, and food industries.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is also used as a starting material in the synthesis of other titanium compounds and as a catalyst in organic synthesis.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule. Titanium isopropoxide is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
The structures of the Tetraisopropyl orthotitanates are often complex. Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.
Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, the alkoxide of Ti(IV), is a widely used precursor of titanium oxide (TiO2) to form thin films, powders, nanomaterials and coatings.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is also employed as a starting material to prepare porous titanosilicates and ion-exchange materials.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is also a material of interest for electronic coating applications.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide.
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH

This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.
Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a widely used item of commerce and has acquired many names in addition to those listed in the table.

The equilibrium reaction of Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate with dry isopropanol leads to tetraisopropyl titanate Ti(OCHMe 2 ) 4 with the evolution of hydrogen chloride .
To suppress the reverse reaction, the HCl gas is bound with ammonia and the resulting ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) is filtered off.
Above room temperature, pure tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a clear, neutral (pH 7), colorless to slightly yellow liquid with the smell of isopropanol.

The technically pure substance contains a few percent by weight of isopropanol, which lowers the solidification point and thus makes handling the Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate easier.
In contrast to other titanic acid esters, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is present in monomeric form in non-polar solvents.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is sensitive to moisture and hydrolyzes quickly in water in an exothermic reaction to form titanium dioxide and isopropanol.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is suitable as a neutral compound for direct esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols with elimination of water and is used on an industrial scale in the synthesis of esters that are used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate reacts quickly in a transesterification reaction with free higher alcohols or glycols to form the corresponding orthotitanates - in the example with the isononanol trimethyl-3,5,5-hexanol to form tetra-isononyl titanate - and the isopropanol released is distilled off.

The Lewis acid formed transfers the isononanol residue to the carboxy group of the monoester to form 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) and reacts with free alcohol back to the Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate.
In contrast to acidic and basic esterification catalysts, significantly fewer colored by-products are formed under Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, which is why larger excesses of alcohol (up to 25%) can be used to shift the equilibrium.
High conversion and product purity make the neutralization and washing steps usually required for esterifications unnecessary.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate concentrations of only 0.05 to 0.2%, based on the ester product, are usually required.
In transesterifications with Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, the tetraalkyl orthotitanate initially formed, as in esterifications, catalyzes the exchange of the alkoxy group of the starting ester with that of the alcohol.
In the direct esterification of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol and subsequent polycondensation, when using Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, the amount of commonly used antimony trioxide can be reduced and even eliminated and PET can be obtained with mechanical and optical properties suitable for fibers, films and beverage bottles.

The so-called second generation Phillips catalysts for the polymerization of ethene and propene consist of magnesium - titanium compounds and triethyl aluminum as a co-catalyst.
The titanium component is often introduced via titanium isopropoxide.
The catalyst systems are significantly (10 to 100 times) more active than the first generation catalysts and can therefore remain in the product.

They enable the production of linear low-density Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with a narrow molecular weight distribution .
In the presence of tetraisopropyl titanate and (+)- or (−)-tartaric acid diethyl ester in dichloromethane at −70 to −20 °C, achiral primary allyl alcohols are enantioselectively epoxidized.
A classic example is the epoxidation of geraniol with tert -butyl hydroperoxide to give geraniol 2,3-oxide in very high chemical yield and high enantiomeric excess.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a versatile compound that can be used in various industries, including pigment production, organic synthesis, and polymer synthesis.
As a catalyst, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can facilitate organic reactions in a fast and efficient manner.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a precursor for the production of high-quality titanium dioxide pigment used in paints, cosmetics, and food products.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a starting material for the synthesis of other titanium compounds.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can also act as an adhesion promoter, improving the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to various substrates.
Overall, the features and benefits of Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate make it a valuable compound in various industries, providing an efficient and versatile solution for the production of high-quality products.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is widely used as a catalyst in the production of various polymers, including polyesters and polyurethanes.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate facilitates the polymerization process and helps control the molecular weight and properties of the resulting polymers.
In addition to catalyzing polymerization reactions, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate also functions as a crosslinking agent.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate promotes the formation of crosslinks between polymer chains, improving the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and other properties of the final polymer products.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is often employed as an adhesion promoter in adhesive formulations.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate enhances the bonding strength between substrates by promoting adhesion at the interface, leading to improved performance and durability of adhesive joints.

Due to its reactivity with hydroxyl-containing surfaces, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a surface modifier for materials such as glass, ceramics, and metals.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can modify the surface properties, such as wettability and adhesion, to improve compatibility with other materials or coatings.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a key precursor in sol-gel processing, a versatile technique for producing thin films, coatings, and nanostructured materials.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate undergoes hydrolysis and condensation reactions to form a sol, which can then be processed into various forms, including thin films and nanoparticles.
In photocatalytic applications, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a precursor for titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, which exhibit photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation.
These nanoparticles find applications in environmental remediation, water purification, and self-cleaning coatings.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is employed in textile treatments as a sizing agent or finishing agent to improve the fabric's dimensional stability, wrinkle resistance, and dye affinity.
In some formulations, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate may serve as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions in internal combustion engines.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is employed in the preparation of nanocomposites, where it serves as a coupling agent or surface modifier to enhance the dispersion and interfacial adhesion of nanoparticles within the polymer matrix.

This improves the mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of the nanocomposite materials.
In the construction industry, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is sometimes used as an admixture in concrete formulations to enhance the workability, strength, and durability of concrete.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can act as a plasticizer or water reducer, reducing the water-cement ratio and improving the overall performance of concrete mixes.

Melting point: 14-17 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 232 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 60.2hPa at 25℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.464(lit.)
Flash point: 72 °F
storage temp.: Flammables area
solubility: Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
form: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.955
color: Colorless to pale yellow
Water Solubility: HYDROLYSIS
FreezingPoint: 14.8℃
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Hydrolytic Sensitivity 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water
Merck: 14,9480
BRN: 3679474
Stability: Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture. Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Flammable.
InChIKey: VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.05

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized in ceramic processing as a sintering aid and densification promoter.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can enhance the densification of ceramic powders during sintering, leading to improved mechanical properties and reduced porosity in the final ceramic products.
In the ink and coating industries, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is employed as an additive to improve the adhesion, durability, and scratch resistance of printed or coated surfaces.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate helps enhance the performance of inks and coatings on various substrates, including paper, plastics, and metals.
Due to its ability to form protective coatings on metal surfaces, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as an anticorrosive agent in paints, coatings, and metal treatment formulations.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can inhibit the corrosion of metal substrates by providing a barrier against moisture and corrosive agents.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate has potential applications in the biomedical field, particularly in biomaterials and tissue engineering.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can be incorporated into scaffold materials to improve their mechanical properties and biocompatibility for tissue regeneration and implantable medical devices.
In the production of photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized as a precursor for the fabrication of transparent conductive coatings or as a dopant in semiconductor layers.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and performance of photovoltaic devices.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can act as a fire retardant additive in polymers and coatings to enhance their flame resistance and reduce the risk of ignition or spread of fire.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can inhibit the combustion process and decrease the release of toxic gases during combustion.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a linker or precursor in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are porous materials with potential applications in gas storage, catalysis, and separations.
Catalyst for the synthesis of acyclic epoxy alcohols and allylic epoxy alcohols.
Useful for diastereoselective reduction of alpha-fluoroketones.

Catalyzes the asymmetric allylation of ketones.
Reagent for the synthesis of cyclopropylamines from aryl and alkenyl nitriles.
Useful for racemic and/or enantioselective addition of nucleophiles to aldehydes, ketones and imines.

Catalytic intramolecular formal [3+2] cycloaddition.
Catalyst for the synthesis of cyclopropanols from esters and organomagnesium reagents
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized in the preparation of hydrophobic coatings for various surfaces, including glass, metal, and concrete.

These coatings repel water and prevent moisture ingress, thereby providing protection against corrosion, staining, and weathering.
As a metal surface treatment agent, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is applied to metal substrates to enhance their adhesion, corrosion resistance, and paintability.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate promotes bonding between the metal surface and organic coatings, improving the overall performance and longevity of metal-based products.

In some formulations, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate functions as a silane coupling agent, facilitating adhesion between organic and inorganic materials.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can improve the compatibility and bonding strength between polymers and mineral fillers or reinforcements in composite materials.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used in textile printing processes as a fixing agent or binder for pigments and dyes.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate helps improve the color fastness, wash resistance, and durability of printed designs on fabric surfaces.
In the field of energy storage and conversion, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is investigated for its potential use as an electrolyte additive in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate may improve the proton conductivity and stability of the electrolyte membrane, leading to enhanced fuel cell performance.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can serve as a support material or modifier for catalytic systems used in various chemical reactions.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate may enhance the catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability of supported catalysts, particularly in heterogeneous catalysis.
The pronounced tendency of orthotitanates to react with the active hydrogen atoms of hydroxy, amino, amido, carboxyl and thiol groups to crosslink and form thin amorphous TiO 2 layers can be modified in a variety of ways to glass, metal and polymer surfaces , such as B. as an adhesion promoter ( primer ) to increase adhesion , hardness as well as abrasion and scratch resistance, thermal and chemical resistance, light reflection and corrosion resistance.

Such coatings also increase the dispersibility of pigments and fillers in water-based or non-aqueous varnishes and paints and reduce their viscosity .
On the other hand, crosslinking polymers containing hydroxy groups in paints with titanium isopropoxide can also increase the viscosity, adjust the thixotropy of latex paints and improve their adhesion to surfaces.
The crosslinking properties of tetraisopropyl titanate make it an effective additive in papermaking to increase wet strength, in oil drilling aids to control viscosity, and in printing inks to improve adhesion.

Through carefully controlled hydrolytic sol-gel processes or through pyrolytic processes at temperatures above 350 °C, not only thin polymeric TiO 2 films but also micro- and nanoscale TiO 2 particles can be produced from titanium isopropoxide.
Because of their high refractive index and UV absorption, these particles have interesting potential as photocatalysts , in photovoltaics and for applications in lighting and signage.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate forms with carboxylic acids , such as. B. Acetic acid non-stoichiometric oligomeric titanium acylates of the approximate composition Ti(OOCMe) 2 (OCHMe 2 ) 2 , which react with alkaline earth metal carbonates to form the corresponding alkaline earth metal titanates, which are of interest for the construction of multilayer ceramic capacitors and thermistors because of their ferroelectric properties are.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a chemical compound commonly used as a catalyst, cross-linking agent, or surface modifier in various industries.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate finds applications in the production of coatings, adhesives, sealants, and plastics.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate acts as a drying agent for paints and inks, enhancing their durability and performance.

Safety precautions should be taken when handling Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate as it is flammable and may cause eye and skin irritation.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a well-ventilated area away from heat sources or oxidizing agents.
Environmental impact data indicates that it may have adverse effects on aquatic organisms if not properly managed or disposed of. Not for human consumption.

Uses:
Catalyst especially for asymmetric induction in organic syntheses; in preparation of nanosized TiO2.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment widely used in the paint, cosmetic, and food industries.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis reactions, such as the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as an initiator for the polymerization of vinyl monomers and as a coupling agent for polymer-polymer and polymer-inorganic material interactions.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can act as an adhesion promoter, improving the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to various substrates.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used in the production of thin-film capacitors and in the fabrication of metal-insulator-metal capacitors.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can be used for the surface treatment of metals, ceramics, and glass to improve their properties, such as corrosion resistance and adhesion.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, is commonly used as a cross-linking agent and catalyst in the glass industry.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is often used as a cross-linking agent in anti-reflective coatings for glass.
The coating helps to reduce glare and improve visibility, making it ideal for applications like eyeglasses, camera lenses, and flat panel displays.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is also used to create self-cleaning coatings for glass.
When exposed to sunlight, the coating reacts with oxygen to produce free radicals that break down organic matter on the surface of the glass.
This helps to keep the glass clean and reduces the need for manual cleaning.

As I mentioned earlier, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a precursor for the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles.
These nanoparticles are used as pigments in glass and ceramic applications, providing improved optical properties and color saturation.
They are often used in products like decorative glassware, ceramic tiles, and automotive glass.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can also be used to create scratch-resistant coatings for glass.
When added to the coating, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the glass to create a durable, cross-linked network.
This network helps to protect the glass from scratches, abrasion, and chemical damage, making it ideal for applications like smartphone screens and protective eyewear.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized in the production of nanocomposites, where it serves as a coupling agent to improve the dispersion and interfacial adhesion of nanoparticles within the polymer matrix.
In the construction industry, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is sometimes used as an admixture in concrete formulations to enhance the strength and durability of concrete.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used in the formulation of hydrophobic coatings to provide water repellency and protection against moisture ingress.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is applied to metal surfaces as a treatment agent to enhance adhesion, corrosion resistance, and paintability.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate functions as a silane coupling agent to improve bonding between organic and inorganic materials in composite formulations.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized in textile printing processes as a fixing agent to improve color fastness and wash resistance.

In the field of energy storage, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is investigated for its potential use as an electrolyte additive in fuel cells to enhance performance.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can serve as a support material for catalysts, enhancing their catalytic activity and stability in chemical reactions.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, is commonly used in the ink industry as a cross-linking agent and as a catalyst for polymerization reactions.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is often used as a cross-linking agent in UV-curable inks. When exposed to UV light, the ink undergoes a polymerization reaction that cross-links the ink molecules and hardens the ink film.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can be added to the ink formulation to promote cross-linking and improve the ink’s adhesion, durability, and resistance to abrasion and chemical attack.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is also used as a dispersant in pigment dispersions for ink formulations.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate helps to stabilize the pigment particles and prevent them from settling out of the ink.
This improves the color consistency and print quality of the ink.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can be used as a catalyst for the polymerization of acrylic resins used in metal printing.

The resin is applied to the metal substrate as an ink and then cured using Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate as a catalyst.
This creates a durable and scratch-resistant coating on the metal surface.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can be added to inkjet inks as a cross-linking agent to improve the ink’s adhesion and durability on various substrates, such as paper, plastic, and metal.

Overall, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a valuable tool in the ink industry, helping to improve the performance and quality of ink formulations.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is ability to promote cross-linking, stabilize pigments, and catalyze polymerization reactions makes it a versatile material for ink manufacturers.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a catalyst in the production of polyesters and polyurethanes, where it aids in controlling the polymerization process and improving the properties of the final polymers.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate acts as a crosslinking agent in polymer formulations, enhancing the mechanical strength and thermal stability of polymers.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized as an adhesion promoter in coatings and adhesives to improve the bonding between substrates and coatings.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used as a surface modifier to enhance the adhesion and compatibility of coatings on various substrates such as glass, ceramics, and metals.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is employed in sol-gel processing to produce thin films, coatings, and nanostructured materials with controlled properties.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is a precursor for titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in photocatalytic applications such as water purification and self-cleaning coatings.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used in textile treatments to improve dimensional stability and wrinkle resistance.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate aids in ceramic processing by promoting densification during sintering.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate enhances the performance of inks and coatings on various substrates.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used in paints and coatings as an anticorrosive agent to protect metal surfaces.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate finds applications in biomaterials and tissue engineering.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is used in the production of solar cells to improve efficiency.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can act as a fire retardant additive in polymers and coatings.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is utilized in the synthesis of MOFs for gas storage and separations.

Health Hazard:
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Safety Profile:
Direct contact with Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate may cause irritation to the skin, resulting in redness, itching, or dermatitis.
Prolonged or repeated exposure can exacerbate these effects.
Contact with the eyes can lead to irritation, redness, and discomfort.

Eye contact should be avoided, and appropriate eye protection should be worn when handling Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate.
Inhalation of vapor or aerosols may irritate the respiratory tract, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, or throat irritation.
Adequate ventilation and respiratory protection should be used to minimize exposure.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate is flammable and may form flammable vapor-air mixtures.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate should be stored and handled away from ignition sources, and appropriate fire precautions should be taken.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can react with water to produce flammable hydrogen gas.

Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate should be kept away from moisture and water sources to prevent accidental reactions.
Spills or releases of Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate can pose environmental hazards, particularly if it contaminates waterways or soil.
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate may have adverse effects on aquatic organisms and ecosystems.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is colorless to light yellow transparent liquid.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is water rapid hydrolysis, soluble in alcohol, ether, ketone, benzene and other organic solvents.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.

CAS Number: 546-68-9
EC Number: 208-909-6
MDL number: MFCD00008871
Chemical formula: C12H28O4Ti

Tetraisopropyl Titanate smokes in moist air.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate, isopropyl alcohol, and liquid ammonia were heated and dissolved in toluene as a solvent to undergo an esterification reaction.
The reaction product was filtered off by-product ammonium chloride by suction, and the product was obtained by distillation.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate has about the same density as water. Tetraisopropyl Titanate's vapors heavier than air.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate has a complex structure.

In crystalline state, Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate has a complex structure.

In crystalline state, Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is an alkoxy titanate with a high level of reactivity.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a 100% active tetra-isopropyl titanate in liquid form.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a catalyst.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is added to the formulation as an adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation of sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate synthesizes dispersants, titanate coupling and cross-linking agents.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is an organic titanate that has a wide range of applications across several industries.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate, also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule. Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.
Crystalline Tetraisopropyl Titanate is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.
Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, laboratory chemicals and water treatment chemicals.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Tetraisopropyl Titanate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Other release to the environment of Tetraisopropyl Titanate is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners).

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products and lubricants and greases.
Release to the environment of Tetraisopropyl Titanate can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used in the following products: polymers, fuels, coating products, lubricants and greases, pH regulators and water treatment products and laboratory chemicals.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used in the following areas: health services and scientific research and development.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and plastic products.

Release to the environment of Tetraisopropyl Titanate can occur from industrial use: as processing aid, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Release to the environment of Tetraisopropyl Titanate can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate for the esterification reaction is used for the transesterification reaction of esters such as acrylic acid and the polymerization of epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, PP and PE.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can also be used as raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry and the preparation of metal and rubber, metal and plastic adhesives.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate can also be used as surface modifier, adhesion promoter and paraffin and oil additives.
Isopropyl titanate, also known as Tetraisopropyl Titanate, titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Isopropyl titanate, also known as Tetraisopropyl Titanate, titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for ester exchange reaction

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as an auxiliary agent and chemical product intermediate
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to make adhesives, used as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization reactions
Tetraisopropyl Titanate binders for preparing metals and rubber, metals and plastics, and also used as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization reactions and raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used catalyst for esterification reaction, transesterification reaction of acrylic acid and other esters.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as Ziegler (Ziegler Natta) catalyst in polymerization reactions such as epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, etc.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate has high stereoselectivity.

In the paint, a variety of polymers or resins play a cross-linking role, improve the anti-corrosion ability of the coating, etc., and also promote the adhesion of the coating to the surface.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be directly used as a material surface modifier, and adhesive promoter.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used polymerization catalyst.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for transesterification.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can adhere paint, rubber and plastic to metal.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as an additive for the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction of allyl alcohol.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as a catalyst for transesterification reaction with various alcohols under neutral conditions.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be formed by a sol-gel two-step method New metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as a raw material for barium strontium titanate film.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to prepare porous titanosilicate, which is a potential ion exchange material for removing radioactive waste.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate has been proved that it can undergo light-induced electron transfer
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is mainly used for transesterification and condensation reactions in organic synthesis Catalyst.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is often used as a precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2).

A new metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid can be formed from titanium tetraisopropoxide by sol-gel two-step method.
The raw material of barium strontium titanate film.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to prepare porous titanosilicates, which are potential ion exchange materials for the removal of radioactive wastes.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes, which have been shown to be capable of light-induced electron transfer.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is most commonly used as a Lewis acid and a Ziegler–Natta catalyst.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is typically used as a metal catalyst in producing polyolefins and polycarbonate.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate improves the yield of olefin polymerization, esterification, condensation, and addition reactions while eliminating unwanted byproducts.

Compared to other Tyzor titanates, Tetraisopropyl Titanate is highly moisture sensitive and will decompose when exposed to water.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is useful as a replacement for tin, organostannanes, and sulfuric acid in esterification reactions when toxicity reduction is desired.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is even more efficient than sulfuric acid in esterification reactions.

When added to solvent-based paints, Tetraisopropyl Titanate will cross-link hydroxyl and carboxyl functional polymers to increase chemical and heat resistance.
Like many other Tyzor grades, Tetraisopropyl Titanate can also be used to coat metal and glass surfaces with a thin polymeric film of titanium dioxide.
This can promote adhesion, improve surface hardness, increase light reflection, and add coloring effects.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for heat-resistant surface coatings in paints, lacquers, and plastics.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for hardening and cross-linking of epoxy, silicon, urea, melamine, and terephthalate resins and adhesives.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for adhesion of paints, rubber, and plastics to metals.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is also used in catalysts, glass surface treatments, flue gas sorbents, controlled-release pesticides, and dental compositions (to bond to enamel).
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to make nano-sized titanium dioxide.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is suitable for primer coatings.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be used directly or in directly as a catalyst or catlyst additive,as a coating primer or added to formulation as a adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation fo sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be used as sharpless oxidation catalyst.

Synthesize all kinds of titanate coupling agent, cross-linking agent and dispersant.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as a catalyst for esterification reaction and transesterification reaction of esters such as acrylic acid.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as Ziegler Natta catalyst in the polymerization of epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, PP, PE, etc.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate has high stereoselectivity and benefits.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used in paints to cross-link a variety of polymers or resins, improve the anti-corrosion ability of the coating, etc., and also promote the adhesion of the coating to the surface.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate can also be directly used as material surface modifier, adhesion promoter, primer, and the adhesion of topcoat to materials.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate decomposes at high temperature (300-650℃) to form a hard and smooth titanium dioxide film layer.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be used as an esterification catalyst for plasticizers, polyesters, methacrylic esters, resins, polycarbonates, polyolefins and RTV silicone sealants.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate can also be used for coating chemicals as a cross linker for wire enamel varnish, glass and zinc flake coatings.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as bond agent between metal and rubber , or metal and plastic.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used catalyst to the esterification exchange reaction or polymerization reaction.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as coupling agent.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl Titanate, is used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used for the preparation of adhesives, as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization.
Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.

-Applications of Tetraisopropyl Titanate:
*Catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters and methacrylic esters
*Adhesion promoter
*Cross-linking for polymers
*Coatings
*Surface modification (metal, glass)

USAGE OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
(1). Exchange Reaction for Esters
(2). Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used as additives and intermediates in chemical products
(3). Tetraisopropyl Titanate is used to make adhesives and as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization
(4). Tetraisopropyl Titanate can be used to prepare adhesives for metal and rubber, metal and plastics, catalysts for transesterification and polymerization, and raw materials for pharmaceutical industry.
(5). Tetraisopropyl Titanate is mainly used as catalyst for transesterification and condensation in organic synthesis.

Tetraisopropyl Titanate is often used as precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide).
A new type of metal oxide / phosphonate hybrids can be formed from four isopropanol titanium by sol-gel two step process.
Raw materials for barium strontium titanate thin films.

Porous titanium silicate is a potential ion exchange material for the removal of radioactive waste.
Photoinduced electron transfer has been demonstrated to occur in heterogeneous supramolecules consisting of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and viologen electron acceptor complexes.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
*High chemical reactivity
*Lewis acid catalyst
*Ziegler–Natta catalyst
*Moisture scavenger
*Low toxicity
*Cross-linking agent for hydroxyl and carboxyl functional polymers
*Increases heat and chemical resistance
*Forms polymeric TiO2 films
*Promotes adhesion
*Increases light reflection of glass

PROPERTIES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl Titanate reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH
This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.
Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.

NAMING OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is a widely used item of commerce and has acquired many names in addition to those listed in the table.
A sampling of the names include: titanium(IV) i-propoxide, isopropyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, titanium tetraisopropylate, orthotitanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Isopropyl titanate(IV), titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, isopropyltitanate, titanium(IV) isopropoxide, titanium tetraisopropoxide, iso-propyl titanate, titanium tetraisopropanolate, tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), tetraisopropanolatotitanium, tetrakis(isopropoxy) titanium, tetrakis(isopropanolato) titanium, titanic acid isopropyl ester, titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, titanium isopropoxide, titanium isopropylate, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)titanium.

PRODUCTION METHOD OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl Titanate, isopropyl alcohol and liquid ammonia are esterified in toluene, absorbed and filtered to remove by-product ammonium chloride, and then distilled to obtain the finished product.
Raw material consumption (kg/t) toluene (98%) 1000 titanium tetrachloride (99%) 1500 isopropanol (98%) 1600 liquid ammonia 1400.

PREPARATION OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl Titanate is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Chemical formula: C12H28O4Ti
Molar mass: 284.219 g·mol−1
Appearance: colorless to light-yellow liquid
Density: 0.96 g/cm3
Melting point: 17 °C (63 °F; 290 K) approximation
Boiling point: 232 °C (450 °F; 505 K)
Solubility in water: Reacts to form TiO2
Solubility: soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform
Refractive index (nD): 1.46
Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti
Molar Mass: 284.22
Density: 0.96 g/mLat 20°C(lit.)
Melting Point: 14-17°C(lit.)
Boling Point: 232°C(lit.)
Flash Point: 72°F
Water Solubility: HYDROLYSIS
Solubility: Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
Vapor Presure: 60.2hPa at 25℃

Appearance: Liquid
Specific Gravity: 0.955
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Merck: 14,9480
BRN: 3679474
Stability: Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture.
Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.464(lit.)
Character: light yellow liquid, smoke in humid air.
boiling point: 102~104 ℃
freezing point: 14.8 ℃
relative density: 0.954g/cm3
refractive index: 1.46
Physical state: liquid
Color: light yellow
Odor: alcohol-like
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 14 - 17 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 232 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available

Flash point: 41 °C
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: 3 mPa.s at 25 °C
Water solubility insoluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 1,33 hPa at 63 °C
Density: 0,96 g/mL at 20 °C
Relative density: 0,96 at 25 °C
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Handle under nitrogen, protect from moisture.
Store under nitrogen.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Keep away from heat and sources of ignition.
Hydrolyzes readily.
Handle and store under inert gas.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
May decompose on exposure to moist air or water.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

SYNONYMS:
Titanium isopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl titanate
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
Titanium (IV) isopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl Orthotitanate
Isopropyl Titanate
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt
Tetraisopropyl titanate
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Tetraisopropoxy titanium
TTIP
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
TPT
Isopropyltitanate
ISOPROPYL TITANATE
TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE
Titanium isopropoxide
ISOPROPYL TITANATE(IV)
TITANIUM ISO-PROPYLATE
Tetraisopropyl titanate
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide
TITANIUM (IV) I-PROPOXIDE
TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
TITANIUM(IV) TETRAISOPROPOXIDE
TITANIUM (IV) TETRA-I-PROPOXIDE
titanium(4+) tetrapropan-2-olate
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt
A 1 (titanate)
Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt
Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt
Isopropyl orthotitanate
Isopropyl titanate(IV)
Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti)
Orgatix TA 10
TA 10
Tetraisopropanolatotitanium
Tetraisopropoxide titanium
Tetraisopropoxytitanium
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium
Tetrakis(isopropanolato)titanium
Ti Isopropylate
Tilcom TIPT
Titanic acid isopropyl ester
Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester
Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester
Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4)
Titanium isopropylate
Titanium isopropylate (VAN)
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Titanium tetraisopropylate
Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide)
Titanium(4+) isopropoxide
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide
Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-
Tyzor TPT
UN2413
Titanium (IV) isopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl Orthotitanate
Isopropyl Titanate
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt
Tetraisopropyl titanate
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Tetraisopropoxy titanium
tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl titanate
Isopropyltitanate
Titanium isopropoxide
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
TITANIUM ISO-PROPYLATE
titanium(4+) tetrapropan-2-olate
propan-2-ol - titanium (4:1)
TPT
ISOPROPYL TITANATE
Titanium tetraisopropanolate
Titanium tetraisopropylate
Isopropyl Alcohol Titanium(4+)
Salt Titanium Isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4) (7CI)
5N
5N (titanate)
A 1
A 1 (titanate)
AKT 872
Bistrater H-NDH 510C
Isopropyl Orthotitanate
Isopropyl Titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti)
NDH 510C
Orgatix TA 10
TA 10
TIPT
TPT
TPTA 1
Tetraisopropanolatotitanium
Tetraisopropoxytitanium
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
Tetraisopropyl Orthotitanate
Tetraisopropyl Titanate
Tetrakis(isopropanolato)titanium
Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium
Tetrakis(isopropylato)titanium(IV)
Tetrakis(isopropyloxy)titanium
Tilcom TIPT
Titaium tetraisopropoxide
Titanium Isopropoxide
Titanium Isopropylate
Titanium Tetraisopropoxide
Titanium Tetraisopropylate
Titanium Tetrakis(iso-propoxide)
Titanium Tetrakis(isopropoxide)
Titanium(4+) Isopropoxide
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide; Tetra
Titanium isopropoxide
Titanium isopropylate
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt
Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt
Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt
Isopropyl orthotitanate
Isopropyl titanate(IV)
Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti)
Orgatix TA 10
Tetraisopropanolatotitanium
Tetraisopropoxide titanium
Tetraisopropoxytitanium
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium
Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium
Ti Isopropylate
Tilcom TIPT
Titanic acid isopropyl ester
Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester
Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester
Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4)
Titanium isopropylate
Titanium isopropylate (VAN)
Titanium tetra-n-propoxide
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Titanium tetraisopropylate
Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide)
Titanium(4+) isopropoxide
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide
Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-

DESCRIPTION:
Tetraisopropyl titanate, also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetraisopropyl titanate is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.

CAS Number: 546-68-9
EC Number: 208-909-6

Tetraisopropyl titanate is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.
Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.

Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.
Tetraisopropyl titanate is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.

Tetraisopropyl titanate belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.

PREPARATION OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl titanate is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl

Titanium isopropoxide reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH
This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.
Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.

The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.
The compound is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.

APPLICATIONS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl titanate can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used as Catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters and methacrylic esters
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used as Adhesion promoter

Tetraisopropyl titanate is used as Cross-linking for polymers
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used as Coatings
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used as Surface modification (metal, glass)

USES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used for heat-resistant surface coatings in paints, lacquers, and plastics; for hardening and cross-linking of epoxy, silicon, urea, melamine, and terephthalate resins and adhesives; and for adhesion of paints, rubber, and plastics to metals
Tetraisopropyl titanate is Also used in catalysts, glass surface treatments, flue gas sorbents, controlled-release pesticides, and dental compositions (to bond to enamel)
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used to make nano-sized titanium dioxide.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
Chemical formula C12H28O4Ti
Molar mass 284.219 g•mol−1
Appearance colorless to light-yellow liquid
Density 0.96 g/cm3
Melting point 17 °C (63 °F; 290 K) approximation
Boiling point 232 °C (450 °F; 505 K)
Solubility in water Reacts to form TiO2
Solubility soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform
Refractive index (nD) 1.46
Molecular Weight 284.22
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Rotatable Bond Count 0
Exact Mass 284.1467000
Monoisotopic Mass 284.1467000
Topological Polar Surface Area 92.2 Å²
Heavy Atom Count 17
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 10.8
Isotope Atom Count 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 5
Compound Is Canonicalized Yes
Molecular Formula C12H28O4Ti
Molar Mass 284.22
Density 0.96g/mLat 20°C(lit.)
Melting Point 14-17°C(lit.)
Boling Point 232°C(lit.)
Flash Point 72°F
Water Solubility HYDROLYSIS
Solubility Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
Vapor Presure 60.2hPa at 25℃
Appearance Liquid
Specific Gravity 0.955
Color Colorless to pale yellow
Merck 14,9480
BRN 3679474
Storage Condition Flammables area
Stability Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture. Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Flammable.
Sensitive 7: reacts slowly with moisture/water
Refractive Index n20/D 1.464(lit.)
Physical and Chemical Properties Character light yellow liquid, smoke in humid air.
boiling point 102~104 ℃
freezing point 14.8 ℃
relative density 0.954g/cm3
refractive index 1.46
soluble in a variety of organic solvents

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:

First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.

SYNONYMS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE:
titanium(IV) i-propoxide
isopropyl titanate
tetraisopropyl titanate
tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
titanium tetraisopropylate
orthotitanic acid tetraisopropyl ester
Isopropyl titanate(IV)
titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester
isopropyltitanate
titanium(IV) isopropoxide
titanium tetraisopropoxide
iso-propyl titanate
titanium tetraisopropanolate
tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
tetraisopropanolatotitanium
tetrakis(isopropoxy) titanium
tetrakis(isopropanolato) titanium
titanic acid isopropyl ester
titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester
titanium isopropoxide
titanium isopropylate
tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)titanium
Tetraisopropyl titanate
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
tetraisopropyl titanate
Ti(IV) isopropoxide
Ti(OiPr)4
titanium isopropoxide
titanium tetraisopropoxide
titanium(IV) isopropoxide
Titanium tetraisopropanolate
546-68-9
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide
Titanium isopropoxide
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
Titanium tetraisopropoxide
Titanium isopropylate
Titanium tetraisopropylate
Tilcom TIPT
Ti Isopropylate
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
Isopropyl orthotitanate
Tetraisopropoxytitanium
Tetraisopropanolatotitanium
TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE
A 1 (titanate)
Orgatix TA 10
Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium
Isopropyl titanate(IV)
Tyzor TPT
Isopropyl Titanate
propan-2-olate;titanium(4+)
TTIP
Tetraisopropoxide titanium
Titanium tetra-n-propoxide
Titanium(4+) isopropoxide
Titanic acid isopropyl ester
Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
Isopropyl alcohol, titanium(4+) salt
Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide)
Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti)
titanium(IV)tetraisopropoxide
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt
titanium(IV) propan-2-olate
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (4:1)
Titanium(IV) Tetraisopropoxide
Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt
76NX7K235Y
titanium tetra(isopropoxide)
MFCD00008871
tetrakis(propan-2-yloxy)titanium
Titanium isopropylate (VAN)
TITANIUM (IV) ISOPROPOXIDE
HSDB 848
Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium
NSC-60576
Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt
Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester
Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4)
EINECS 208-909-6
Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4)
NSC 60576
Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester
C12H28O4Ti
UNII-76NX7K235Y
TIPT
Ti(OiPr)4
tetraisopropoxy titanium
tetraisopropoxy-titanium
titaniumtetraisopropoxide
titaniumtetraisopropylate
titanium(IV)isopropoxide
tetra-isopropoxy titanium
titanium (IV)isopropoxide
tetra-iso-propoxy titanium
titanium tetra-isopropoxide
titanium-tetra-isopropoxide
EC 208-909-6
titanium (4+) isopropoxide
VERTEC XL 110
tetraisopropoxytitanium (IV)
titanium tetra (isopropoxide)
titanium (IV)tetraisopropoxide
titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide
TITANUM-(IV)-ISOPROPOXIDE
CHEBI:139496
AKOS015892702
TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE [MI]
titanium(4+) tetrakis(propan-2-olate)
TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPANOLATE [HSDB]
T0133

Q2031021
208-909-6 [EINECS]
2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (4:1) [ACD/Index Name]
546-68-9 [RN]
MFCD00008871 [MDL number]
NT8060000
Propan-2-olate
Tétra(2-propanolate) de titane(4+) [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV)
Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate
Ti(OiPr)4 [Formula]
Titan(4+)tetra(2-propanolat) [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
titanium tetraisopropoxide
Titanium(4+) [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Titanium(4+) tetra(2-propanolate) [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Titanium(4+) tetrapropan-2-olate
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide
TTIP
115-08-2 [RN]
208-909-6MFCD00008871
76NX7K235Y
A 1 (titanate)
Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt
Isopropyl orthotitanate
Isopropyl titanate (IV)
Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti)
Orgatix TA 10
Tetraisopropanolatotitanium
Tetraisopropoxide titanium
tetraisopropoxytitanium
tetra-iso-Propyl orthotitanate
tetraisopropyl titanate
tetra-iso-Propyl titanate
Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium
TETRAKIS(ISOPROPYLOXY)TITANIUM
tetrakis(propan-2-yloxy)titanium
Ti Isopropylate
Titan(4+)tetrapropan-2-olat
Titanic acid isopropyl ester
Titanium isopropoxide
Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4)
Titanium Isopropylate
Titanium tetraisopropanolate
Titanium tetraisopropylate
Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide)
Titanium tetra-n-propoxide
Titanium(4+) isopropoxide
TITANIUM(4+) TETRAKIS(PROPAN-2-OLATE)
Titanium(IV) i-propoxide
titanium(IV) propan-2-olate
Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-
Titanium, tetrakis(isopropoxy)-
TYZOR organic titanate
Tyzor TPt

Tetraisopropyl titanate, often abbreviated as TIPT, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H28O4Ti.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the class of organotitanium compounds and is characterized by the presence of four isopropyl groups bonded to a titanium atom.

CAS Number: 546-68-9
EC Number: 208-909-6

Synonyms: Tetraisopropyl titanate, TIPT, Tetraisopropanolate titan, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetraisopropyltitanium, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium,Isopropyl titanate, Tetraisopropyltitanoxide, Tetrakis(isopropyl)titanium

APPLICATIONS

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is widely used as a catalyst in the synthesis of polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a precursor in the production of titanium-containing catalysts for olefin polymerization reactions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the manufacture of silicone rubbers and resins as a cross-linking agent to improve mechanical properties.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) acts as an adhesion promoter in coatings and adhesives, enhancing the bonding between substrates and the applied materials.
In the textile industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate is employed as a water repellent agent for fabrics.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the production of ceramics as a sintering aid to improve the density and strength of ceramic materials.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in surface treatments to modify the properties of materials such as metals and glass, enhancing durability and corrosion resistance.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a key ingredient in the formulation of fuel additives to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.

Tetraisopropyl titanate is utilized in the electronics industry for the production of dielectric films and coatings.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic materials with tailored properties for various industrial applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the formulation of specialty paints and coatings to enhance weather resistance and durability.

In adhesive formulations, it helps to improve the adhesion strength between substrates and the adhesive material.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the production of photovoltaic (solar cell) materials and coatings to enhance efficiency and stability.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a catalyst and promoter in the synthesis of organic esters and other organic compounds.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in the production of antifouling coatings for marine applications to prevent biofouling.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds use in the automotive industry for coatings and treatments that improve scratch resistance and appearance.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the formulation of inkjet printing inks for improved adhesion and print quality.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles for use in cosmetics and sunscreen formulations.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the preparation of corrosion-resistant coatings for metal surfaces in industrial and marine environments.
In the construction industry, it is used as a water repellent agent for concrete and masonry surfaces.

Tetraisopropyl titanate is employed in the production of high-performance lubricants and greases.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the aerospace industry for coatings and treatments that enhance resistance to high temperatures and corrosion.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the formulation of specialty polymers and resins with improved mechanical and thermal properties.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the synthesis of nanoparticles and nanocomposites for advanced materials and biomedical applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in research and development for its role in the synthesis of novel materials with tailored properties for specific industrial and scientific applications.

Tetraisopropyl titanate is extensively used as a catalyst in the polymerization of olefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a precursor in the synthesis of titanium-based catalysts employed in the production of plastics and elastomers.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the formulation of silicone rubbers and resins as a cross-linking agent to improve mechanical properties.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) acts as an adhesion promoter in coatings and adhesives, enhancing bonding to substrates like metals and glass.
In the textile industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate functions as a water repellent agent for fabrics and textiles.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the ceramics industry as a sintering aid to enhance the strength and density of ceramic materials.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in surface treatments to modify the properties of materials, improving durability and corrosion resistance.
In fuel additives, Tetraisopropyl titanate enhances combustion efficiency and reduces emissions in automotive and industrial applications.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in electronics for the production of dielectric films and coatings, contributing to the performance of electronic devices.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic materials with tailored properties for various industrial applications.

In the automotive sector, Tetraisopropyl titanate is employed in coatings and treatments to enhance scratch resistance and appearance.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in photovoltaic materials and coatings to improve the efficiency and stability of solar cells.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in adhesive formulations, improving adhesion strength and durability in bonding applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the production of specialty paints and coatings for enhanced weather resistance and longevity.

In the aerospace industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate is utilized in coatings that resist high temperatures and corrosion.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in inkjet printing inks to enhance adhesion and print quality on various substrates.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) contributes to the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetics, sunscreens, and photocatalysts.

As a corrosion-resistant coating agent, Tetraisopropyl titanate protects metal surfaces in harsh industrial and marine environments.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in construction for water repellent treatments on concrete and masonry surfaces.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the formulation of high-performance lubricants and greases.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the production of antifouling coatings to prevent marine biofouling on ship hulls and underwater structures.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the formulation of sealants and caulks, improving their adhesion and durability.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the manufacturing of fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP) to enhance resin curing and composite strength.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the synthesis of organotitanium compounds used as coupling agents in polymer composites.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is valued for its versatility and ability to enhance material properties across a wide range of industries, from chemicals and coatings to electronics and renewable energy sectors.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors for protecting metal surfaces against rust and degradation.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the production of advanced ceramics used in electronic components, aerospace applications, and medical devices.

Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in the formulation of release agents and mold treatments in the plastics and rubber industries.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application as a processing aid in the production of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) and thermosetting resins.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the synthesis of titanium-containing nanoparticles for biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) contributes to the development of high-performance coatings for architectural applications, enhancing building aesthetics and durability.
In the semiconductor industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in the deposition of thin films for integrated circuits and microelectronics.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in the manufacturing of optical coatings to improve light transmission and anti-reflective properties.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the formulation of heat-resistant paints and coatings for industrial equipment and machinery.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the production of catalysts used in the purification of industrial gases and wastewater treatment processes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate is employed in the synthesis of titanium-containing polymers with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the formulation of anti-corrosion coatings for offshore platforms and marine structures.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the production of specialty adhesives for bonding composites, plastics, and metals in aerospace and automotive applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) contributes to the development of conductive coatings and inks used in electronic circuitry and printed electronics.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in the formulation of controlled-release drug delivery systems.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the production of ceramic capacitors and piezoelectric devices used in electronics and telecommunications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the synthesis of titanium-based additives for improving the performance of lubricants and greases.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the formulation of protective coatings for glass and optical lenses, enhancing scratch resistance and clarity.
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in the production of composite materials for lightweight and high-strength applications in aerospace and automotive sectors.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in the formulation of coatings for solar panels to enhance weather resistance and efficiency.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the production of heat-resistant fibers and textiles used in protective clothing and industrial applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the formulation of sealants and caulks for construction applications, improving adhesion and durability.
Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in the synthesis of titanium-based pigments and dyes for paints, inks, and plastics.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) contributes to the formulation of water treatment chemicals and additives for improving water quality and filtration processes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) continues to find diverse applications across industries, driving innovation in materials science, coatings technology, electronics, and environmental protection.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in electronics for dielectric films and coatings, contributing to the performance and reliability of electronic devices.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in the synthesis of hybrid organic-inorganic materials with tailored properties for diverse industrial applications.
In the automotive sector, Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in coatings and treatments to improve scratch resistance and appearance.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in photovoltaic materials and coatings, contributing to the efficiency and stability of solar cells.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a crucial role in adhesive formulations, improving the adhesion strength and durability of bonded materials.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the production of specialty paints and coatings for enhanced weather resistance and longevity.
In the aerospace industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate is used in coatings and treatments that resist high temperatures and corrosion.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is employed in inkjet printing inks to improve adhesion and print quality on various substrates.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) plays a role in the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles for use in cosmetics, sunscreens, and photocatalysts.
As a corrosion-resistant coating agent, Tetraisopropyl titanate protects metal surfaces in harsh industrial and marine environments.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in construction for water repellent treatments on concrete and masonry surfaces.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in the formulation of high-performance lubricants and greases.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is valued for its versatility and role in enhancing materials' properties across multiple industries, from chemicals and coatings to electronics and renewable energy sectors.

DESCRIPTION

Tetraisopropyl titanate, often abbreviated as TIPT, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C12H28O4Ti.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the class of organotitanium compounds and is characterized by the presence of four isopropyl groups bonded to a titanium atom.

Tetraisopropyl titanate, often abbreviated as TIPT, is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a molecular formula of C12H28O4Ti and a molecular weight of approximately 284.22 g/mol.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is characterized by its tetrahedral structure, where a titanium atom is bonded to four isopropyl groups (-CH(CH3)2).

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is highly reactive due to the presence of the titanium-oxygen bonds, which undergo hydrolysis and oxidation reactions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons but practically insoluble in water.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is known for its role as a catalyst and precursor in the synthesis of titanium-containing catalysts used in polymerization reactions.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a cross-linking agent in the production of silicone rubbers and resins, enhancing their mechanical properties.
As an adhesion promoter, Tetraisopropyl titanate improves the bonding strength between coatings, adhesives, and various substrates.

In textile applications, TIPT acts as a water repellent agent, imparting hydrophobic properties to fabrics.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the ceramics industry as a sintering aid to improve the density and strength of ceramic materials.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) finds application in surface treatments to modify the properties of metals and glass, enhancing their durability and corrosion resistance.
In fuel additives, Tetraisopropyl titanate enhances combustion efficiency and reduces emissions in combustion processes.

PROPERTIES

Physical Properties:

Appearance: Clear to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild odor
Molecular Weight: Approximately 284.22 g/mol
Density: ~0.99 g/cm³
Melting Point: Not applicable (liquid at room temperature)
Boiling Point: 242-245°C (467-473°F)
Flash Point: 100°C (212°F) (closed cup)
Solubility in Water: Practically insoluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons
Vapor Pressure: Low, typical for organic liquids
Viscosity: Low viscosity liquid

Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: C12H28O4Ti
Structure: Tetrahedral structure with a titanium atom bonded to four isopropyl groups (-CH(CH3)2)
Reactivity: Highly reactive due to titanium-oxygen bonds, undergoes hydrolysis and oxidation reactions
Hydrolysis: Reacts readily with water to form titanic acid and isopropanol
Purity: Commercial grades typically ≥ 97% purity
Storage Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Flammability: Flammable liquid, handle with care
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive to metals under normal conditions
Acidity/Basicity: Neutral pH in solution
Compatibility: Compatible with most organic solvents but incompatible with strong acids and bases
Catalytic Activity: Acts as a catalyst or catalyst precursor in various chemical reactions
Redox Properties: Participates in redox reactions involving titanium oxidation states

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available.
Seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation develops or persists, seek medical advice.

Eye Contact:

Immediately flush eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally.
Seek immediate medical attention, preferably from an eye specialist.

Ingestion:

Rinse mouth thoroughly and drink plenty of water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.

General Advice:

Exposure Controls:
Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area to minimize exposure to vapors. Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary.

Personal Protective Equipment:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing to prevent skin and eye contact.

Handling:
Avoid breathing vapors or mist.
Handle TIPT in a well-ventilated area or use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate.

Storage:
Store TIPT in tightly sealed containers away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Store in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.

Spill Cleanup:
Contain spills with absorbent materials and collect in suitable containers for disposal according to local regulations.

Firefighting:
Use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or water fog for firefighting.
Avoid direct water streams, as they may spread the fire.

Medical Attention:
Provide this Safety Data Sheet to medical personnel treating anyone exposed to TIPT.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Ventilation:
Use TIPT in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of vapors.
Ensure adequate general and local exhaust ventilation systems.
If handling in confined spaces, use respiratory protection (e.g., NIOSH-approved respirator) to prevent inhalation of vapors.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles or face shield, and protective clothing (e.g., long-sleeved shirt and pants) to prevent skin contact.
Use impervious aprons or coveralls if there is a risk of splashing or contamination.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid skin and eye contact with TIPT. In case of accidental contact, follow the first aid measures outlined in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
Wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling TIPT, even if gloves are worn.

Handling Precautions:
Handle TIPT with care to prevent spills and splashes.
Use appropriate handling equipment and containers designed for chemical storage.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling TIPT.
Avoid inhalation of vapors or mist.

Static Electricity:
Take precautions to prevent static electricity buildup, which can result in ignition of TIPT vapors.
Ground all equipment and containers during transfer and handling.

Equipment Cleaning:
Clean equipment and tools thoroughly after use with TIPT. Dispose of contaminated materials according to local regulations.

Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Tetraisopropyl titanate in tightly closed containers made of suitable materials such as stainless steel or high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, sparks, and open flames.
Maintain storage temperature between 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F) to ensure stability and reduce the risk of decomposition.

Incompatible Materials:
Store TIPT away from strong acids, bases, oxidizers, and incompatible materials to prevent hazardous reactions or degradation.
Keep containers tightly sealed when not in use to prevent contamination and minimize exposure to moisture.

Handling Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities of TIPT, consider storing in a dedicated chemical storage area with appropriate containment measures in case of spills or leaks.
Ensure storage area is equipped with spill containment materials and cleanup supplies.

Labeling and Identification:
Clearly label containers with the product name, chemical formula, hazard symbols, and safety precautions.
Keep Safety Data Sheets (SDS) readily available for reference by personnel handling or storing TIPT.

Emergency Response Preparation:
Have emergency response procedures in place, including spill containment and cleanup protocols, as well as procedures for fire and medical emergencies.
Train personnel in safe handling practices and emergency response procedures related to Tetraisopropyl titanate.

Disposal:
Dispose of Tetraisopropyl titanate and contaminated materials in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
Contact a licensed waste disposal company or local environmental authorities for guidance on proper disposal methods and facilities.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless, slightly yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless to light yellow liquid.

CAS Number: 546-68-9
EC number: 208-909-6
MDL number: MFCD00008871
Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti

SYNONYMS:
Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate(IV), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), Orgatix TA 10, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium, Ti Isopropylate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4), Titanium isopropylate, Titanium isopropylate (VAN), Titanium tetra-n-propoxide, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Tetra isoprobyl titanate (TIPT), Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, Tetraisopropyl titanate, Titanium(IV) i-propoxide, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE,TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE,TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE,TTIP,tetraisopropoxytitanium,TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE,ISOPROPYL TITANATE,Titanium(Ⅳ) isopropoxide,TETRAISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE,TITANIUM(IV) TETRAISOPROPOXIDE, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, A 1 (titanate), Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate(IV), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), Orgatix TA 10, TA 10, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropanolato)titanium, Ti Isopropylate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4), Titanium isopropylate, Titanium isopropylate (VAN), Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Tyzor TPT, [ChemIDplus] UN2413, Titanium (IV) isopropoxide, Tetraisopropyl Orthotitanate, Isopropyl Titanate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, Tetraisopropyl titanate, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Tetraisopropoxy titanium, ISOPROPYL TITANATE, ISOPROPYL TITANATE(IV), TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM ISO-PROPYLATE, TITANIUM (IV) I-PROPOXIDE, TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM (IV) TETRA-I-PROPOXIDE, TITANIUM(IV) TETRAISOPROPOXIDE, Isopropyl orthotitanate, Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tetraisopropyl titanate, Tetrakis(isopropanolato)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropoxide)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tetrakis(isopropylato)titanium(IV), Tetrakis(isopropyloxy)titanium, TIPT, Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Titanium tetrakis(iso-propoxide), Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, N.O.S.), A 1, A 1 (TITANATE), ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, TITANIUM(4+) SALT, ISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE, ISOPROPYL TITANATE(IV) ((C3H7O)4TI), ORGATIX TA 10, TETRAISOPROPANOLATOTITANIUM, TETRAISOPROPOXYTITANIUM, TETRAISOPROPYL ORTHOTITANATE, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE, TETRAKIS(ISOPROPOXY)TITANIUM, TETRAKIS(ISOPROPYLATO)TITANIUM(IV), TETRAKIS(ISOPROPYLOXY)TITANIUM, TILCOM TIPT, TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM ISOPROPOXIDE (TI(OC3H7)4), TITANIUM ISOPROPYLATE, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPYLATE, TITANIUM TETRAKIS(ISO-PROPOXIDE), TITANIUM TETRAKIS(ISOPROPOXIDE), TITANIUM(4+) ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM(IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, TITANIUM, TETRAKIS(1-METHYLETHOXY)-, TPT, TYZOR TPT, Titanium tetraisopropanolate, 546-68-9, Titanium isopropoxide, Titanium isopropylate, Titanium tetraisopropylate, Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, Tilcom TIPT, Titanium tetraisopropoxide, Ti Isopropylate, Tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), Isopropyl orthotitanate, Tetraisopropoxytitanium, Tetraisopropanolatotitanium, TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE, propan-2-olate; titanium(4+), A 1 (titanate), Orgatix TA 10, Tetrakis(isopropoxy)titanium, Tyzor TPT, Isopropyl Titanate, TTIP, Tetraisopropoxide titanium, Titanium tetra-n-propoxide, Titanium(4+) isopropoxide, Titanic acid isopropyl ester, Titanium, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)-, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium(4+) salt, Titanium tetrakis(isopropoxide), Isopropyl titanate(IV) ((C3H7O)4Ti), 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt, titanium(IV) propan-2-olate, 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (4:1), Titanium(IV) Tetraisopropoxide, Isopropyl alcohol titanium(4+) salt, 76NX7K235Y, titanium(4+) tetrakis(propan-2-olate), Isopropyl titanate(IV), titanium tetra(isopropoxide), Titanium isopropylate (VAN), TITANIUM (IV) ISOPROPOXIDE, titanium(4+) tetrapropan-2-olate, HSDB 848, Tetraksi(isopropanolato)titanium, NSC-60576, Isopropyl alcohol, titanium salt, Titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OC3H7)4), EINECS 208-909-6, Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH7)4), NSC 60576, Titanic(IV) acid, tetraisopropyl ester, titanium(IV)tetraisopropoxide, C12H28O4Ti, UNII-76NX7K235Y, TIPT, Ti(OiPr)4, tetraisopropoxy titanium, tetraisopropoxy-titanium, titaniumtetraisopropoxide, titaniumtetraisopropylate, titanium(IV)isopropoxide, tetra-isopropoxy titanium, titanium (IV)isopropoxide, tetra-iso-propoxy titanium, titanium tetra-isopropoxide, titanium-tetra-isopropoxide, EC 208-909-6, titanium (4+) isopropoxide, Titanium isopropoxide(TTIP), VERTEC XL 110, tetraisopropoxytitanium (IV), titanium tetra (isopropoxide), titanium(IV)tetraisopropoxide, titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide, TITANUM-(IV)-ISOPROPOXIDE, CHEBI:139496, AKOS015892702, TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPOXIDE [MI], TITANIUM TETRAISOPROPANOLATE [HSDB], T0133, Q2031021, 2923581-56-8

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless to light yellow liquid.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), with the chemical formula C12H28O4Ti, has the CAS number 546-68-9.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium alkoxide.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive catalyst & can be used in direct & transesterification reactions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium alkoxide.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a chemical compound with the formula Ti(OCH(CH)) (i-Pr).
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organotitanium compound that reacts with water to form titanium hydroxide.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), also commonly referred to as titanium tetraisopropoxide or TTIP, is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.
This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), with the chemical formula C12H28O4Ti, has the CAS number 546-68-9.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor.

The basic structure of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) consists of four isopropanol groups attached to a central titanium atom.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone, but insoluble in water.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is important to handle this chemical with caution and use appropriate protective measures to avoid any potential harm.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive catalyst & can be used in direct & transesterification reactions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.

The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.
Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula C12H28O4Ti.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a low vapor pressure and a high melting point, which makes it well suited for use in high temperature environments.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid that is typically stored under an inert atmosphere, such as nitrogen or argon, to prevent degradation.
Moreover, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often supplied in amber glass or metal containers, which protect against chemical and photochemical degradation.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colourless, slightly yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Typical users in plasticizer, acrylate and methacrylate manufacturers.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) appears as a water-white to pale-yellow liquid with an odor like isopropyl alcohol.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a diamagnetic tetrahedral molecule.
Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol aggregate less.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.

The primary method of synthesis involves the reaction of titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
This reaction is exothermic and produces corrosive coproducts such as hydrogen chloride and must be controlled carefully to prevent overheating and associated ignition and corrosion risks.

Through continuous research and innovation, methods are continually being refined to enhance the efficiency, increase yield, eliminate unwanted byproducts and safety of these processes by reduction of toxicity when used to replace traditional catalysts.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is colorless to light yellow transparent liquid.

Isopropyl titanate, also known as Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a precursor for the preparation of Titania.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium coordination entity consisting of a titanium(IV) cation with four propan-2-olate anions as counterions.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an alkoxy titanate with a high level of reactivity.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to organic titanates group.

Special handling equipment is necessary to exclude any contact with air or moisture causing premature hydrolysis of the compound.
Ultimately, the production and use of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a complex process that demands a high degree of precision, safety, and quality control.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a chemical compound with the formula Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4.

The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex.
Crystalline titanium methoxide is tetrameric with the molecular formula Ti4(OCH3)16.
Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such isopropanol aggregate less.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is water rapid hydrolysis, soluble in alcohol, ether, ketone, benzene and other organic solvents.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.

In crystalline state, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.
Isopropyl titanate, also known as Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), titanium tetraisopropoxide is the isopropoxide of titanium (IV), used in organic synthesis and materials science.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a complex structure.
In crystalline state, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a tetramer.
Non-polymerized in non-polar solvents, it is a tetrahedral diamagnetic molecule.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a highly reactive organic widely used in different applications as well as processes.
This slighty yellow to colorless liquid, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is highly-sensitive to moisture.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organic titanate that has a wide range of applications across several industries.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) belongs to the product group of organic titanates, which are known to be highly reactive organics that can be used in a broad range of processes and applications.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a colorless, slighty yellowish liquid that is very sensitive to moisture.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organic compound composed of titanium and isopropyl groups (-C(CH3)2).

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used directly or in directly as a catalyst or catlyst additive,as a coating primer or added to formulation as a adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation fo sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as sharpless oxidation catalyst.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an auxiliary agent and chemical product intermediate.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make adhesives, as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization reactions.

Binders for preparing metals and rubber, metals and plastics, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization reactions and raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for ester exchange reaction
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as additive and intermediate of chemical products
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making adhesives, as catalysts for transesterification reaction and polymerization reaction

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used synthesize all kinds of titanate coupling agent, cross-linking agent and dispersant.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification, also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used as raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry and the preparation of metal and rubber, metal and plastic adhesives.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used as surface modifier, adhesion promoter and paraffin and oil additives.
nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for ester exchange reaction.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making metal and rubber, metal and plastic binder, also used as ester exchange reaction and polymerization reaction catalyst and pharmaceutical industry raw materials.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used polymerization catalyst.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used transesterification.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can adhere paint, rubber, plastic to metal.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a chemical additive and an intermediate in chemical products.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.
Coating: Glass, metals, fillers and pigments can be treated with Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) to give increased surface hardness; adhesion promotion; heat, chemical and scratch resistance; coloring effects; light reflection; iridescence; and corrosion resistance

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst for esterification reactions, and transesterification reactions of acrylic acid and other esters.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as Ziegler (Ziegler Natta) catalyst in polymerization reactions such as epoxy resin, phenolic plastic, silicone resin, polybutadiene, etc.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.

Paint additive: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an additive in paints to cross-link -OH functional polymers or binders; to promote adhesion; or to act as a binder itself.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been proved that it can undergo light-induced electron transfer.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used for transesterification and condensation reactions in organic synthesis Catalyst.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2).

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.

In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used exchange Reaction for Esters
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as additives and intermediates in chemical products
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make adhesives and as catalysts for transesterification and polymerization

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to prepare adhesives for metal and rubber, metal and plastics, catalysts for transesterification and polymerization, and raw materials for pharmaceutical industry.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for titanate coupling agent、crosslinking agent and dispersant synthesis.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as a catalyst for ester exchange and condensation reactions in organic synthesis.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium dioxide (TiO2).
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst especially for asymmetric induction in organic syntheses; in preparation of nanosized TiO2.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used complexing agent in sol-gel process.
Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used to promote the adhesion of the coating to the surface.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be directly used as a material surface modifier, adhesive promoter.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used polymerization catalyst.

A new metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid can be formed from titanium tetraisopropoxide by sol-gel two-step method.
The raw material of barium strontium titanate film.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanosilicates, which are potential ion exchange materials for the removal of radioactive wastes.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes, which have been shown to be capable of light-induced electron transfer.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used industrial catalyst, pesticide intermediates, plastic rubber auxiliaries, pharmaceutical raw materials.

A new type of metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid can be formed from Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) by a two-step sol-gel process.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a the raw material for the strontium barium titanate thin film.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanium silicate, which is a potential ion exchange material for removing radioactive waste.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has been demonstrated that heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals and viologen electron acceptor complexes can undergo photo induced electron transfer.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is perfect for use as a synthesis catalyst and as an ingredient for pharmaceutical coatings.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst for esterification and polymerization of organic synthesis.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as adhesive for metal and rubber, metal and plastic, and used as coating additive and medical organic synthesis.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a versatile chemical used in various applications such as catalysis, polymerization, and surface treatment of materials.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor for the synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles, which are widely used in nanotechnology applications.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters and methacrylic esters.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter.
Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.

Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2 nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) comes in a 500mL bottle and should be handled with care due to its flammable nature.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition or heat.
Proper protective equipment must be worn when handling Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT).

No significant environmental impacts have been reported for Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) if handled properly.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can only be used in oil system.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to the ester exchange reaction
Intermediates, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as fertilizer and chemical products

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making adhesives, used as ester exchange reaction and polymerization catalyst
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for making metal and rubber, metal and plastic adhesive
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a type of very lively primary alcohol titanium oxide; it hydrolyzes when contacted with moisture in air.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst in esterification reaction or transesterification,also being used as catalyst of polyolefin.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used to improve the adherence and crosslinking of resin having alcohol group or carboxyl group, used in heat resistant and corrosion resistant coating.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also can be used in the manufacture of glass and glass fiber.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a catalyst for transesterification reaction with various alcohols under neutral conditions.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be formed by a sol-gel two-step method.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used new metal oxide/phosphonate hybrid.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used cross-linking for polymers.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used coatings.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used surface modification (metal, glass)
Applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2 nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.

Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.
Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor for the preparation of Titania (TiO2)
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a titanium-based coordination compound, commonly used in the asymmetric Sharpless epoxidation reaction of allylic alcohols.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst in Kulinkovich reaction for the synthesis of cyclopropanes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used manufacture of scratch resistant glass.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in cross linking agent in wire enamel.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in chelates of ink & Plasticizers Ind.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used Chemical Synthesis, Industrial Chemicals, Organic Intermediates.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a precursor for the preparation of Titania (TiO2).
Novel metal oxide/phosphonate hybrids were formed from Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in a two-step sol-gel process.

Starting material for barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make porous titanosilicates, potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an additive to improve the corrosion resistance of metal surfaces, such as steel and copper.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has high stereoselectivity.
In the paint, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used a variety of polymers or resins play a cross-linking role, improving the anti-corrosion ability of the coating, etc.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for transesterification.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for heat-resistant surface coatings in paints, lacquers, and plastics; for hardening and cross-linking of epoxy, silicon, urea, melamine, and terephthalate resins and adhesives; and for adhesion of paints, rubber, and plastics to metals.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used in catalysts, glass surface treatments, flue gas sorbents, controlled-release pesticides, and dental compositions (to bond to enamel).
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to make nano-sized titanium dioxide.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an adhesion promoting and cross-linking agent for hydroxylic compounds or heat and corrosion resistant coatings.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can adhere paint, rubber and plastic to metal.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an additive for the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction of allyl alcohol.
Applied in the formation of a heterosupermolecule consisting of a TiO2 nanocrystallite-viologen electron acceptor complex whose light-induced electron transfer has been demonstrated.

This alkoxide of titanium(IV) is used in organic synthesis and materials science.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the preparation of titanium and barium-strontium-titanate thin films.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is useful to make porous titanosilicates and potential ion-exchange materials for cleanup of radioactive wastes.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an active component of Sharpless epoxidation as well as involved in the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
In Kulinkovich reaction, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is involved as a catalyst in the preparation of cyclopropanes.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used for the preparation of adhesives, as a catalyst for transesterification and polymerization

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an adhesion promoting and cross-linking agent for hydroxylic compounds or heat and corrosion resistant coatings.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used directly or in directly as a catalyst or catlyst additive,as a coating primer or added to formulation as a adhesion promoter and as the base material in the formation fo sol-get systems or nanoparticle systems or products.

Industry uses of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT): Ceramics, Coatings, Polymers (Chemical/Industrial Manufacturing)
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.
The production and use of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) requires precision, expertise, and adherence to strict safety guidelines.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s wide-ranging applications span several industries.
Its primary use lies within the domain of material science, where Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is utilized in the creation of ceramics, glasses, and other materials.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s use to prepare porous titanosilicates, has been utilized to form ion exchange media to treat nuclear wastes in the removal of soluble forms of cesium-137 (137Cs).
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) also has been shown to have synergistic effects when combined with other additives, such as metal hydroxides or methyl glycosides.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as sharpless oxidation catalyst.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used synthesize all kinds of titanate coupling agent, cross-linking agent and dispersant.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most commonly used as a Lewis acid and a Ziegler–Natta catalyst.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters and methacrylic esters.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter, Cross-linking for polymers, Coatings, Surface modification (metal, glass)
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is ideal to be used as a catalyst to develop polyesters and plasticizers.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a raw material for barium strontium titanate film.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to prepare porous titanosilicate, which is a potential ion exchange material for removing radioactive waste.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to form heterogeneous supramolecules composed of TiO2 nanocrystals-violet essence electron acceptor complexes.

In the chemical industry, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a catalyst or a precursor to other catalysts in processes like the Sharpless epoxidation, a process used to synthesize 2,3-epoxyalcohols from primary and secondary allylic alcohols.
The pharmaceutical industry also harnesses the catalytic properties of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) for certain types of organic reactions, such as transesterification, condensation, addition reactions and polymerization.

In addition to this, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as adhesion promoter, coater, etc.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as an esterification catalyst for plasticizers, polyesters, methacrylic esters, resins, polycarbonates, polyolefins and RTV silicone sealants.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used for coating chemicals as a cross linker for wire enamel varnish, glass and zinc flake coatings.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is most suitable for use in the glass and glass fiber manufacturing.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) may be used as an adhesion promoter for packaging ink such as flexo and gravure.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a wide range of applications in various industries.
Pigment production: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment widely used in the paint, cosmetic, and food industries.

Organic synthesis: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis reactions, such as the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.
Polymer synthesis: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as an initiator for the polymerization of vinyl monomers and as a coupling agent for polymer-polymer and polymer-inorganic material interactions.

Adhesion promoter: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can act as an adhesion promoter, improving the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to various substrates.
Electronics: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the production of thin-film capacitors and in the fabrication of metal-insulator-metal capacitors.
Surface treatment: Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used for the surface treatment of metals, ceramics, and glass to improve their properties, such as corrosion resistance and adhesion.

These are some of the common applications of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), and its use may vary depending on the specific needs of each industry.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used catalyst to produce plasticizers, polyesters, and methacrylic esters.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used adhesion promoter, Cross-linking for polymers, Coatings, and Surface modification (metal, glass).

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment widely used in paint, cosmetics, and food industries.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a starting material in the synthesis of other titanium compounds and as a catalyst in organic synthesis.

-TiO2 pigments and films:
Micro- or nano-scale TiO2 pigments can be formed from Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT).
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used to create a polymeric TiO2 film on surfaces via pyrolytic or hydrolytic processes.

-Hair-making uses of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), isopropyl alcohol, and liquid ammonia were heated and dissolved in toluene as a solvent to undergo an esterification reaction.
The reaction product was filtered off by-product ammonium chloride by suction, and the product was obtained by distillation.

-Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is mainly used as catalyst for transesterification and condensation in organic synthesis.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as precursor to prepare titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide).
A new type of metal oxide / phosphonate hybrids can be formed from four isopropanol titanium by sol-gel two step process.
Raw materials for barium strontium titanate thin films.

Porous titanium silicate is a potential ion exchange material for the removal of radioactive waste.
Photoinduced electron transfer has been demonstrated to occur in heterogeneous supramolecules consisting of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and viologen electron acceptor complexes.

-Coating Industry uses of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a catalyst in the coating industry.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s purpose in this field involves promoting the curing process of coatings and improving their overall performance.
The mechanism of action in coatings involves the initiation and acceleration of chemical reactions, leading to the formation of a durable and protective coating layer.

-Polymer Industry uses of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also utilized in the polymer industry as a crosslinking agent.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s purpose in this field involves creating strong chemical bonds between polymer chains, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties and stability of the polymers.
The mechanism of action in polymer crosslinking involves the formation of covalent bonds between the Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) and the polymer chains, leading to a three-dimensional network structure.

TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT) USAGE IN GLASS INDUSTRY:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used as a cross-linking agent and catalyst in the glass industry.

*Anti-reflective coatings:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a cross-linking agent in anti-reflective coatings for glass.
The coating helps to reduce glare and improve visibility, making Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) ideal for applications like eyeglasses, camera lenses, and flat panel displays.

*Self-cleaning coatings:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used to create self-cleaning coatings for glass.
When exposed to sunlight, the coating reacts with oxygen to produce free radicals that break down organic matter on the surface of the glass.
This helps to keep the glass clean and reduces the need for manual cleaning.

*Pigments:
As I mentioned earlier, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles.
These nanoparticles are used as pigments in glass and ceramic applications, providing improved optical properties and color saturation.
They are often used in products like decorative glassware, ceramic tiles, and automotive glass.

*Scratch-resistant coatings:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also be used to create scratch-resistant coatings for glass.
When added to the coating, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the glass to create a durable, cross-linked network.
This network helps to protect the glass from scratches, abrasion, and chemical damage, making Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) ideal for applications like smartphone screens and protective eyewear.

TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT) USAGE IN INK INDUSTRY:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is commonly used in the ink industry as a cross-linking agent and as a catalyst for polymerization reactions.
Here are some specific ways that Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in the ink industry:

*UV-curable inks:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used as a cross-linking agent in UV-curable inks.
When exposed to UV light, the ink undergoes a polymerization reaction that cross-links the ink molecules and hardens the ink film. Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be added to the ink formulation to promote cross-linking and improve the ink’s adhesion, durability, and resistance to abrasion and chemical attack.

*Pigment dispersions:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a dispersant in pigment dispersions for ink formulations.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) helps to stabilize the pigment particles and prevent them from settling out of the ink.
This improves the color consistency and print quality of the ink.

*Metal printing:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be used as a catalyst for the polymerization of acrylic resins used in metal printing.
The resin is applied to the metal substrate as an ink and then cured using Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) as a catalyst.
This creates a durable and scratch-resistant coating on the metal surface.

*Inkjet printing:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can be added to inkjet inks as a cross-linking agent to improve the ink’s adhesion and durability on various substrates, such as paper, plastic, and metal.

Overall, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a valuable tool in the ink industry, helping to improve the performance and quality of ink formulations.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s ability to promote cross-linking, stabilize pigments, and catalyze polymerization reactions makes it a versatile material for ink manufacturers.

FEATURES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Organic compound composed of titanium and isopropyl groups
*Colorless liquid with a low melting point
*Low toxicity and is considered relatively safe to handle
*Reacts readily with water and air

BENEFITS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Versatile:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a versatile compound that can be used in various industries, including pigment production, organic synthesis, and polymer synthesis.

*Efficient:
As a catalyst, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can facilitate organic reactions in a fast and efficient manner.

*High-quality products:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a precursor for the production of high-quality titanium dioxide pigment used in paints, cosmetics, and food products.

*Precursor for other compounds:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used as a starting material for the synthesis of other titanium compounds.

*Adhesion promoter:
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) can also act as an adhesion promoter, improving the adhesion of coatings and adhesives to various substrates.

Overall, the features and benefits of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) make it a valuable compound in various industries, providing an efficient and versatile solution for the production of high-quality products.

SHELF LIFE OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Under proper storage conditions, the shelf life of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is 12 months.

REACTIONS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Catalyst for the synthesis of acyclic epoxy alcohols and allylic epoxy alcohols.
*Useful for diastereoselective reduction of alpha-fluoroketones.
*Catalyzes the asymmetric allylation of ketones.
*Reagent for the synthesis of cyclopropylamines from aryl and alkenyl nitriles.
*Useful for racemic and/or enantioselective addition of nucleophiles to aldehydes, ketones and imines.
*Catalytic intramolecular formal [3+2] cycloaddition.
*Catalyst for the synthesis of cyclopropanols from esters and organomagnesium reagents

PREPARATION OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl

PROPERTIES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH
This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films.

Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.

SOLUBILITY OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

NOTES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is moisture sensitive.
Store Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in cool place.
Keep Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to produce titanium dioxide.

PROPERTIES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

NOTES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is moisture sensitive.
Store Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in cool place.
Keep Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to produce titanium dioxide.

KEY FEATURES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
*Balanced pH value, Purity
*Non-toxic
*Safe to use

AIR AND WATER REACTIONS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) fumes in the air.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is soluble in water.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) decomposes rapidly in water to form flammable isopropyl alcohol.

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Metal alkyls, such as Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), are reducing agents and react rapidly and dangerously with oxygen and with other oxidizing agents, even weak ones.
Thus, they are likely to ignite on contact with alcohols.

BACKGROUND OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) has a rich history in the realm of chemical synthesis.
First discovered in the 1950s, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) quickly became an essential tool due to its unique chemical properties.
As an alkoxide of titanium, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is an organometallic compound, meaning it is part of a class of compounds that contain a metal directly bonded to an organic molecule, which gives them unique properties.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is often used in a process known as sol-gel synthesis.
In this method, a solution (sol) is gradually transitioned to a solid (gel) form.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used in this process because it can be easily hydrolyzed (reacted with moisture/water) and condensed to first form a colloidal structure and upon further condensation, a connected porous network of titanium dioxide.

This gel can be further aged and dried through supercritical (aerogel), thermal (xerogel) or freeze drying (cryogel) to form a solid powder end product with multiple levels of structure, functionality, and porosity.
Moreover, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is instrumental in metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD).

In this process, a volatile precursor like Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is used to produce high-quality, thin film materials with atomic level precision control of thickness with uniformity and high repeatability.
These materials are then used in a variety of applications, from microelectronics to solar cells.

While the value of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is well-established, its flammability and sensitivity to moisture and air while beneficial in the sol-gel or MOCVD processes pose significant handling challenges.
It is essential that Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)'s transport and storage be carefully controlled to avoid inherent hazards and also contamination and degradation.

In response to these challenges, the industry has developed specialized handling equipment and stringent environmental control measures to maintain the safety and integrity of this important chemical precursor.
The evolution of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reflects the wider trends in the chemical industry: the constant pursuit of better and safer synthetic methods, the adaptation to increasingly stringent environmental standards, and the development of cutting-edge applications in high-tech industries.

Through its versatile applications, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is significantly contributing to enhancing chemical synthesis, material science, and sustainability in economic and environmental efforts."

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Character light yellow liquid, smoke in humid air.
boiling point 102~104 ℃
freezing point 14.8 ℃
relative density 0.954g/cm3
refractive index 1.46
soluble in a variety of organic solvents.

PURIFICATION METHODS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Dissolve Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in dry *C6H6 , filter if a solid separates, evaporate and fractionate.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is hydrolysed by H2O to give solid Ti2O(iso-OPr)2 m ca 48o

SUMMARY OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT), often abbreviated TTIP, is a crucial compound used in many modern industrial processes that rely on organic synthesis and materials science.

More specifically, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is frequently used in the asymmetric Sharpless epoxidation reaction of allylic alcohols, and as a catalyst in the Kulinkovich reaction for the synthesis of cyclopropanes.
Most commonly, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) serves as a precursor for the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2), a substance found in a multitude of applications from paint to sunscreen.

However, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s flammability and sensitivity to moisture and air presents challenges for its storage and transport.
With the use of appropriate packaging and transport solutions, as well as meticulous environmental control, Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT)’s possible to overcome this challenge.

PRODUCTION METHODS OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) reacts with water to deposit titanium dioxide:
Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 2 H2O → TiO2 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH

This reaction is employed in the sol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials.
Typically water is added to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol.
The nature of the inorganic product is determined by the presence of additives (e.g. acetic acid), the amount of water, and the rate of mixing.

Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is a component of the Sharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is also used as a catalyst for the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in the Kulinkovich reaction.
Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.

PREPARATION OF TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) is prepared by treating titanium tetrachloride with isopropanol.
Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:
TiCl4 + 4 (CH3)2CHOH → Ti{OCH(CH3)2}4 + 4 HCl

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
Physical state: Liquid
Color: Light yellow
Odor: Alcohol-like
Melting point/freezing point: Melting point/range: 14 - 17 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 232 °C
Flammability (solid, gas): Not available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: Not available
Flash point: 41 °C
Autoignition temperature: Not available
Decomposition temperature: Not available
pH: Not available
Viscosity:
Kinematic viscosity: Not available
Dynamic viscosity: 3 mPa.s at 25 °C
Water solubility: Insoluble
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not available

Vapor pressure: 1.33 hPa at 63 °C
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C
Relative density: 0.96 at 25 °C
Relative vapor density: Not available
Particle characteristics: Not available
Explosive properties: Not available
Oxidizing properties: None
Other safety information: Not available
Molecular Weight: 284.22 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 284.1467000 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 284.1467000 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 92.2 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 17

Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 10.8
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 5
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Appearance: Clear liquid
Density (D20): 0.96-1.00 g/cm3
Titanium Contents: 16.62-16.80%
Refractive Index (D20): 1.465
pH value: Approximately 6
Freezing point: >13 °C
Boiling point: 156 °C at 100 mmHg
CAS Number: 546-68-9

Molecular Formula: C12H28O4Ti
Molecular Weight: 284.22 g/mol
MDL Number: MFCD00008871
MOL File: 546-68-9.mol
Melting point: 14-17 °C (literature value)
Boiling point: 232 °C (literature value)
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 20 °C (literature value)
Vapor pressure: 60.2 hPa at 25 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.464 (literature value)
Flash point: 72 °F
Storage temperature: Flammable area
Solubility: Soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene, and chloroform
Form: Liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 0.955

Water Solubility: Hydrolysis
Freezing Point: 14.8 °C
Sensitive: Moisture Sensitive
Hydrolytic Sensitivity: 7 - Reacts slowly with moisture/water
Merck Index: 14,9480
BRN: 3679474
Stability: Stable, but decomposes in the presence of moisture.
Incompatible with aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.05
Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: Titanium tetraisopropylate
FDA 21 CFR: 175.105
CAS DataBase Reference: 546-68-9
FDA UNII: 76NX7K235Y
EPA Substance Registry System: 2-Propanol, titanium(4+) salt (546-68-9)

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rnse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Remove container from danger zone and cool with water.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage conditions:
Handle under nitrogen, protect from moisture.
Store under nitrogen.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Hydrolyzes readily

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAISOPROPYL TITANATE (TIPT):
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
May decompose on exposure to moist air or water.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a water-soluble, colorless, odorless, and stable compound with a molecular formula of C8H24O12P2S.

CAS Number: 55566-30-8
EC Number: 259-709-0
MDL number: MFCD23102118
Linear Formula: [(HOCH2)4P]2(SO4)
Molecular Formula: C8H24O12P2S

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is also effective in controlling microbial growth in drilling muds and stimulation fluids for oil and gaswells. Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is characterized by its low solidity point and good stability.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can easily dissolve in water and can be preserved for a long time.

In 1995, the US EPA ratified it with zero toxicity and awarded it with US Green Chemical prize due to its properties of high efficacy, low toxicity and low rudimental.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a quaternary phosphonium compound whose positive charge makes it an effective biocide by disrupting the cell membrane of microorganisms.

The presence of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) in water can indicate the use of biocides in water treatment or oil and gas production, and it is therefore important to measure its concentration to assess potential environmental impacts.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a Crystalline solid.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is available commercially as an aqueous solution
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a versatile and promising compound with a wide range of potential applications in various fields of research and industry.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is stable, water-soluble, and has shown excellent antimicrobial properties against a broad range of microorganisms.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is currently being investigated for its potential use in water treatment, papermaking, agriculture, and biomedical applications.

Future research in the field may focus on the development of more stable and efficient forms of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS), as well as the identification of new potential applications.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is a kind of environmental-friendly water treatment microbiocide which is made of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS 75%) solution.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can withhold sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), most of aerobic bacteria including microorganisms that form biofilm in enhanced oil recovery process, production and other supporting systems such as water injection equipments, well water disposal facilities, water holding tanks, recirculating water treatment systems and pipelines.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is also effective in controlling microbial growth in drilling muds and stimulation fluids for oil and gas wells. Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is characterized by its low solidity point and good stability.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an extremely effective biocide against a wide range of micro-organisms including, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is aqueous solution of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a broad-spectrum biocide developed to inhibit the growth of algae, bacteria, yeasts and fungi in process waters used in various industrial applications.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an environmental friendly bactericide with good water solubility, low solidifying point, stable chemical performance, long shelf life, new-type, high-efficiency,wide-spectrum etc.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is based on tetrakis phosphonium sulphate.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a biocide effective against micro pest in industrial cooling systems, oil field operations, and paper-making industry.

Its advantage is that Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) will soon degrade to a non-toxic substance immediately after use.
In 1997, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) passed the attestation in the United States of America and was formally put into use in the field of environmental protection.

In the same year, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) was awarded with American Green Chemicals Award.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a rapid acting, powerful microbiocide which has been designed to control bacteria in oilfield water-flood operations and production systems.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be used to control reservoir souring in oilfields contaminated with sulphate reducing bacteria and alleviate production problems associated with iron sulphide deposition.
With a relatively low order of aquatic toxicity and being both biodegradable and nonbioaccumulative, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is approved for use in many environmentally sensitive areas of the world including the North Sea.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is supplied as a liquid formulation which is non-foaming, fully miscible with water and insoluble in oils.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 to < 100 tonnes per annum.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a safe aqueous solution with antimicrobial properties that is significantly less toxic, effective at lower concentrations, and more biodegradable than other traditional biocides.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is available in different levels of active phosphorous contents to suit different applications.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an organophosphorus compound .
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an environmental friendly bactericide with good water solubility, low solidifying point, stable chemical performance, long shelf life, new-type, high-efficiency, wide-spectrum etc.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a kind of environmental anti-microbial reagent.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS)’s characterized by its low solidity point and fine stability.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide can be reserved for a long time and easily dissolve in water.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a new environmental pesticide with high efficacy, low toxicity, and low rudimental.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) chemicals can kill germ and aquatic plants.
In 1995, the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) ratified Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) with zero toxicity and awarded it the US

Green Chemical prize.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an organophosphorus compound with the chemical formula [P(CH2OH)4]Cl.
The cation P(CH2OH)4+ is four-coordinate, as is typical for phosphonium salts.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS), which is derived from tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride, is an intermediate in the preparation of the water-soluble ligand 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA).
This conversion is achieved by treating hexamethylenetetramine with formaldehyde and tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can also be used to synthesize the heterocycle, N-boc-3-pyrroline by ring-closing metathesis using Grubbs' catalyst (bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)benzylidineruthenium dichloride).
N-Boc-diallylamine is treated with Grubbs' catalyst, followed by tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine.

The carbon-carbon double bonds undergo ring closure, releasing ethene gas, resulting in N-boc-3-pyrroline.
The hydroxymethyl groups on THPC undergo replacement reactions when Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is treated with α,β-unsaturated nitrile, acid, amide, and epoxides.

For example, base induces condensation between Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) and acrylamide with displacement of the hydroxymethyl groups. (Z = CONH2)
[P(CH2OH)4]Cl + NaOH + 3CH2=CHZ → P(CH2CH2Z)3 + 4CH2O + H2O + NaCl

Similar reactions occur when Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is treated with acrylic acid; only one hydroxymethyl group is displaced, however.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a clear straw colored liquid that is between 75-77% pure.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is water soluble.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is non flammable.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is characterized by its low solidity point and good stability.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can easily dissolve in water and can be preserved for a long time.
In 1995, the US EPA ratified Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) with zero toxicity and awarded it with US Green Chemical prize due to its properties of high efficacy, low toxicity and low rudimental.

The advantage is Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) will soon degrade to a nontoxic substance immediately after use.
Also Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be applied to fabric coating, obviously improving ýÿflame retarding property.
In 1997, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) passed the attestation in the United States of America and was formally put into use in the field of environmental protection.

In the same year, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) was awarded with American Green Chemicals Award.
In the petroleum industry, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) exhibits excellent activity against problem microorganisms.
In particular Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is extremely effective against sulphate reducing bacteria ( S.R.B), a major cause of hydrogen sulphide souring and corrosion.

Formulations containing Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) may be used in many applications where microbiological contamination is present and they have extensive use in enhanced oil recovery injection water systems, topside recovery systems, pipeline protection and storage.
Many benefits of using Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) formulations are very important in industrial water treatment applications.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) produces a rapid kill against a broad spectrum of bacteria and when suitably formulated with a surfactant it readily eradicates unwanted biofilms.
The excellent toxicity profile of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) and ease of deactivation to a virtually non toxic substance makes it an ideal biocide to use when cooling water is discharged into ecologically sensitive waters.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is compatible with all types of water used in cooling systems and effective minimum dose levels can be quickly achieved through use of an easy on-site analytical method.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can simply dissolve in water and also can be maintained for a long period.

In 1995, the United States environmental protection agency ratified Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) with absolutely no toxicity and awarded it with US green chemical prize because of its characteristics associated with high efficacy, low toxicity and, also low rudimental.
The global Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) market, in terms of value, is estimated to account for nearly USD 202 million in 2019, to reach approximately USD 279 million by 2025.

Factors such as rise in demand for biocides such as Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) are increasingly used in hydraulic fracturing operations based on the condition of the phase that includes factors such as aerobic and anaerobic conditions, temperature, and preference over other toxic biocides are factors that are projected to drive the growth of this market.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
The primary use for Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is controlling microbial growth in oil field applications such as injection water systems, drilling muds, packer fluids, completion and workover fluids.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) also be used in water treatment, fire retardant treatment of textiles, leather softening, paper making and other industries.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is often used in oil field drilling, fishery as germicidal agent.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used to make crease-resistant and flame-retardant finishes for textiles, e.g., children's sleepwear.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is primarily used as a flame retardant additive and can also be used as a fungicide.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is recommended for use in cotton, leather, and polyester products.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is also used as a biocide.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an organic molecule that is commonly used as a biocide or biostat in various applications, such as water treatment, oil and gas production, and cooling tower water treatment.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a cationic molecule that is effective in controlling microorganisms, algae and biofilms in water systems.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an environment-friendly phosphonium salt biocide applied in industrial cooling systems, oil field operations, and paper-making industry.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can degrade to a nontoxic substance immediately after use.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is also applied as flame retardant in cotton, dacron-cotton fibers.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an environmentally friendly bactericide with good water solubility, low solidifying point, stable chemical performance, long shelf life, new-type, high-efficiency, wide-spectrum, Etc.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is internationally acknowledged as a long lasting flame-retardant product for the treatment of pure cotton and polyester cotton.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is being reviewed for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: product preservation, preservation for liquid systems, controlling slimes.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used in the following products: leather treatment products.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur and chemicals.
Release to the environment of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Release to the environment of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has applications as a precursor to fire-retardant materials, as well as a microbiocide in commercial and industrial water systems.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can also be used to synthesize the heterocycle, N-boc-3-pyrroline by ring-closing metathesis using Grubbs' catalyst (bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)benzylidineruthenium dichloride).
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is mainly used in water treatment systems, oil field operations, and paper-making industry.

The advantage is Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) will soon degrade to a nontoxic substance immediately after use.
Also Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be applied to fabric coating as flame retardant, obviously improving flame retarding property.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used in water treatment and oil field as bactericide.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is also used as flame-retardant as it an internationally acknowledged flame-retardants for pure cotton and polyester cotton and its flame-retarding effect can remain for a long time.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is mainly used in water treatment systems, oil field operations, and paper-making.

The advantage is Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) will soon degrade to a nontoxic substance immediately after use.
Also, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide can be applied to fabric coating as a flame retardant, improving the flame-retarding property.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used as a flame retardant in textiles, especially cotton and as a cease and rot resistance agent in fabrics.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) acts as a biocide against SRB (sulfate reducing bacteria known as Desulfuvibrio Desulfuricans) which produces enzymes to accelerate reduction reaction of sulfates to corrosive hydrogen sulfide which causes corrosion of iron material in water system.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used precursors in flame retardant manufacture process, biocide in water system, and Tanning agent in the leather industry.
One of the main applications is to use Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) as a Tanning agent in the leather industry.

In this case Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be used as chrome-free (metal free) tanning system in the wet white process.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can give the benefits of a lower allergology phenomena and a better biodegradability
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an internationally acknowledged flame-retardants for pure cotton and polyester cotton and its flame-retarding effect can remain for a long time.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can withhold sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), most of aerobic bacteria including microorganisms that form biofilm in enhanced oil recovery process, production and other supporting systems such as water injection equipments, well water disposal facilities, water holding tanks, recirculating water treatment systems and pipelines.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is also effective in controlling microbial growth in drilling muds and stimulation fluids for oil and gaswells.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a biocide effective against micropest in industrial cooling systems, oil field operations, and paper-making industry.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is a kind of environmental-friendly water treatment microbiocide which is made of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS 75%) solution.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can withhold sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB).

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has been widely used in the oil and gas industry for microbial control, as well as in water treatment and papermaking applications.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can easily withhold sulfate-reducing microorganisms.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has also been studied as a potential biocide, alternative to traditional chlorine-based disinfectants, due to its low toxicity and environmental impact.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a type of environmental-friendly water treatment micro biocide that is made of THPS chemicals.

Most of the aerobic bacteria such as microorganisms form biofilm inside the enhanced oil process of recovery, manufacturing, and also other supporting systems.
For example water injection equipment, well water disposal facilities, water holding tanks, recirculating water treatment systems, as well as pipelines.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can also be good at managing bacterial development in drilling muds and also stimulation liquids for gas and oil wells.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is actually known for its low solidity point and excellent stability.

By application, Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) market is segmented into oil & gas, water treatment, leather, textile, and others including paper & paperboard manufacturing; paints, coatings, and emulsion; agriculture; and aquaculture.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has preservative properties and provides high-temperature stability and prolonged downhole protection in oilfields, thereby making it a preferred choice in the oil & gas industry.

However, it is the biocidal function of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS), which is encouraging its increasing use in the oil & gas industry.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has been the most widely used biocide, followed by glutaraldehyde during oil & gas operations.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) biocide is a kind of environmental-friendly water treatment microbiocide which is made of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS 75%) solution.

-Advantage of the wet white tanned leathers, using Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) offers:
*a light color and pastel shades
*They can reach shrink temperatures of at least 70 grad C
*High softness
*Good lightness
*Feeling of naturalness
*Pleasant to the touch
*Beauty that lasts for a long time
*Can be burned without the risk of hexavalent chromium formation

-Applications in Scientific Experiments:
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has been used in a range of scientific experiments, including in the study of water treatment, papermaking, and microbial control in the oil and gas industry.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has also been investigated as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine, due to its low toxicity and environmental impact.

-Application in textiles of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has industrial importance in the production of crease-resistant and flame-retardant finishes on cotton textiles and other cellulosic fabrics.

A flame-retardant finish can be prepared from THPC, in which Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is treated with urea.
The urea condenses with the hydroxymethyl groups on Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS).
The phosphonium structure is converted to phosphine oxide as the result of this reaction.

[P(CH2OH)4]Cl + NH2CONH2 → (HOCH2)2POCH2NHCONH2 + HCl + HCHO + H2 + H2O
This reaction proceeds rapidly, forming insoluble high molecular weight polymers.
The resulting product is applied to the fabrics in a "pad-dry process."

This treated material is then treated with ammonia and ammonia hydroxide to produce fibers that are flame-retardant.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can condense with many other types of monomers in addition to urea.
These monomers include amines, phenols, and polybasic acids and anhydrides.

SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be synthesized with high yield by treating phosphine with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid.
PH3 + 4 H2C=O + HCl → [P(CH2OH)4]Cl
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) converts to tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine upon treatment with aqueous sodium hydroxide:
[P(CH2OH)4]Cl + NaOH → P(CH2OH)3 + H2O + H2C=O + NaCl

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is incompatible with oxidizing materials and alkalis.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a hygroscopic, water-soluble, and thermally stable compound with a melting point of 140-145 °C.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has a molecular weight of 406.28 g/mol and is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of approximately 1064 g/L at 20°C.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) exhibits strong oxidizing properties and can decompose upon exposure to high temperatures or light.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS)'s pH ranges from 2-5, and it has a negative zeta potential in water.

ADVANTAGES OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
*Effective against algal, fungal and bacterial species
*Exceptional environmental profile
*Highly effective against legionella pneumophilla

PROPERTY OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a kind of environmental anti-microbial reagent.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS)'s characterized by its low solidity point and fine stability.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be reserved for long time and can easily dissolve in water.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS)'s a kind of new environmental pesticide with high efficacy, low toxicity and low rudimental.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can kill germ and aquatic plants.
In 1995, the EPA of the United States ratified Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) with zero toxicity and awarded it with US Green Chemical prize.

PREPARATION OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) may be obtained by reaction between PH3 (phosphine, co-product of sodium hypophosphite), sulfuric acid and formaldehyde.

SYNTHESIS METHODS OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is synthesized by the following methods.
*Using hydrogen chloride as the catalyst and phosphine and alkyl aldehydes as the reaction raw materials.
*Using formaldehyde and phosphine as reaction raw materials, controlling pressure and temperature in a certain range, formaldehyde phosphine reacts in the presence of a small amount of dispersed metal or compound, through a two-step sequential reaction, i.e., using phosphine with excess formaldehyde under high-pressure, controlling a certain temperature to obtain a solution of trimethylolphos hemiacetal, and finally treated with acid.
*Metal phosphide, formaldehyde, and inorganic acids are used as raw materials.

CURRENT STATE OF RESEARCH, TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Research on Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is ongoing, with several researchers investigating its potential applications in various fields, including biomedicine and nanotechnology.
Recent studies have explored the use of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, as well as in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles for use in biomedical applications.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has the potential to be widely used in various fields, including water treatment, agriculture, and consumer products.

Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has been shown to have excellent biocidal properties against a broad range of microorganisms, making it a potential alternative to traditional disinfectants.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has also been studied as a potential antimicrobial agent for use in agriculture and food processing, as well as in the synthesis of paper and textiles.

WATER TREATMENT, TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) should be added to a waterflood system at a point where uniform mixing will occur
*First step: add 93 -350 ppm Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) chemical for a noticeably fouled system.
When added to a flowing system, slug dose for 2 -6 hours based on flow rates. Repeat as necessary until control is achieved.

*Second step: once control has been achieved.
Add 14 -98 ppm THPS biocide weekly or as needed to maintain control.
As for continuous treatment, THPS can be dosed continuously at a level of 14 -67 ppm.

OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION AND TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND PIPELINE, TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) should be added at a point in the pipeline where uniform mixing will occur.
The application should be conducted to ensure maximum distribution of products through the internal surface of the pipeline by adding an amount of biocide which eventually comes out the other end of the pipeline.

The criteria for the success of the treatment will be a reduction in the bacterial count and/or corrosion rates.
Adding steps is the same as that of water flooding.
As for continuous treatment, tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate can be dosed continuously at a level of 14 -100 ppm.

DRILLING-MUDS, WELL COMPLETION AND WORKOVER FLUIDS, TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) should be added to these fluids at a point where uniform mixing will occur.
Add 33-1400 ppm of product to a freshly prepared fluid depending on the severity of contamination.

GAS STORAGE WELL SYSTEMS, TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Individual injection wells should be treated with Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) at the same dosage and same steps as described underwater flooding.
Injections should be repeated as needed to maintain control.
Individual drips should be treated with a sufficient quantity of product to produce a concentration of 33.3 -133.3 ppm when diluted by the water present in the drip.
Injections should be repeated as needed to maintain control.

BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has been extensively studied for its biocidal properties against a broad range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has been shown to exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity, with the ability to penetrate bacterial membranes and disrupt intracellular functions.
Studies have also indicated that Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has low toxicity to aquatic organisms, with minimal environmental impact.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is synthesized by a reaction between phosphorous acid and formaldehyde in the presence of sulfuric acid.
The synthesis process involves multistep reactions, where phosphorous acid is first oxidized to phosphoric acid by air or hydrogen peroxide, followed by the addition of formaldehyde to form hydroxymethylphosphonic acid, which is then further reacted to form Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS).
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be characterized by a range of techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

ANALYTICAL METHODS OF TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
Several analytical methods have been developed for the detection and quantification of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS), including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ion chromatography (IC), and capillary electrophoresis.
These methods offer high accuracy, precision, and sensitivity for the determination of Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) in various samples, including water, soil, and sediment.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
CAS Number: 55566-30-8
Molecular Weight: 406.28
Beilstein: 8521357
MDL number: MFCD23102118
Molecular Weight: 406.28 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 8
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 12
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 406.04637137 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 406.04637137 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 251Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 23
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 118
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Physical state: liquid
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available

Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point. No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: No data available
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Melting Point: -31 °F
UNII: 5I8RSL9E6S

Related CAS: 124-64-1 (Parent)
Color/Form: Crystalline solid
Boiling Point: 232 °F at 760 mm Hg
Flash Point: greater than 200 °F
Density: 1.381 at 72 °F
LogP: log Kow = -20.39 (est)
Chemical formula: (HOCH2)4PCl
Molar mass: 190.56 g·mol−1
Appearance: crystalline
Density: 1.341 g/cm3
Melting point: 150 °C (302 °F; 423 K)
Melting point: -35°C
Boiling point: 111°C
Density: 1.4 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 0 Pa at 20℃
Flash point: 96 °C
storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
form: liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.42
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility: >=10 g/100 mL at 18 ºC
BRN: 8521357
LogP: -9.8

Molecular Weight： 252.18000
Exact Mass： 252.00700
EC Number： 259-709-0
UNII： 5I8RSL9E6S
DSSTox ID： DTXSID0021331
Color/Form： Crystalline solid
HScode： 2931900090
PSA： 180.32000
XLogP3： -1.11140
Appearance： Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate is a clear colorless viscous liquid.
Density： 1.41 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point： -35ºC
Boiling Point： 111ºC
Flash Point： 96ºC
Water Solubility： In water, 1X10+6 mg/L /miscible/ at 25 deg C (est)
Storage Conditions： Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder.
Vapor Pressure： 8.12 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)
Henrys Law Constant： Henry's Law constant = 1.7X10-23 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)
Formula: C8H24O12P2S.
Formula Mass: 406.27
MP: -35.0 °C
BP: 111 °C
VP: 32 mm Hg
Density: 1.381 g/cu cm at 20 °C
Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.73X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)
Air and Water Reactions： Water soluble.
Reactive Group： Quaternary Ammonium and Phosphonium Salts

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type ABEK
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAKIS HYDROXYMETHYL PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE (THPS):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

SYNONYMS:
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate
Bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate solution
TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE
55566-30-8
THPS
Octakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate
TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL) PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE
5I8RSL9E6S
Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium)sulfate (salt)
tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphanium
DTXSID0021331
bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate
Phosphonium, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-, sulfate (2:1)
Retardol S
Pyroset TKO
CCRIS 316
HSDB 4215
NCI-C55050
EINECS 259-709-0
UNII-5I8RSL9E6S
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulphate(2:1)
tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate
EC 259-709-0
SCHEMBL195676
DTXCID001331
CHEMBL1549844
YIEDHPBKGZGLIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Tox21_200928
AKOS016010449
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphoniumsulfate
NCGC00091951-01
NCGC00091951-02
NCGC00258482-01
CAS-55566-30-8
FT-0659692
T1089
J-519902
Q27262300
TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE [HSDB]
Bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate solution
Octakis (Hydroxymethyl) Diphosphonium Sulfate
THPS
Octakis(hydroxymethyl)diphosphonium sulfate
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate
tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (2:1)
THPS
thps
BIS[TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM] SULFATE
pyrosettko
nci-c55050
Retardol S
Ncgc00091951-01
HISHICOLIN THPS
THPS (Tech Grade)
Phosphonium Sulfate
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phospho
Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium)sulfate (salt)
Octakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate
Phosphonium, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-, sulfate (2:1) (salt)
Pyroset TKO
THPS
Retardol S
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride
Tetrahydroxymethylphosphonium chloride
THPC
Phosphonium,tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-,sulfate (2:1)
Phosphonium,tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-,sulfate (2:1) (salt)
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate
Pyroset TKO
THPS
Octakis(hydroxymethyl)diphosphonium sulfate
THPS 75
Bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate
Retardol S
Proban NX
Tolcide PS
Tolcide PS 75
Tolcide PS 200
Tolcide
Magnacide 575
Bis[tetra(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate
Aqucar THPS 75
Pyroset TKOW
Tolcide 20A
Tolcide 70A
Eccoshield FR 10
Bricorr 75
Odycide B 320
58591-11-0
65257-04-7
1497435-72-9

Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an organophosphorus compound.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is used as a precursor in the flame retardant manufacturing process, a biocide in water systems, and a tanning agent in the leather industry.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a safe aqueous solution with antimicrobial properties that is significantly less toxic, effective at lower concentrations, and more biodegradable than other traditional biocides.

CAS: 55566-30-8
MF: C8H24O12P2S
MW: 406.28
EINECS: 259-709-0

Synonyms
bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium]sulfatesolution;nci-c55050;Tetrakis (Hydroxymethyl) Phosphonium Sulfate, 75% Aqueous;Bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate - 70-80% in water;octakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphoniumsulfate;Phosphonium,tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-,sulfate(2:1)(salt);pyrosettko;tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-phosphoniusulfate(2:1);TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE;55566-30-8;THPS;Octakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate;TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL) PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE;5I8RSL9E6S;Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium)sulfate (salt);tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphanium;sulfate;DTXSID0021331;bis[tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium] sulfate;Phosphonium, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-, sulfate (2:1);Retardol S;Pyroset TKO;CCRIS 316;HSDB 4215;NCI-C55050;EINECS 259-709-0;UNII-5I8RSL9E6S;Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulphate(2:1);tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate;EC 259-709-0;SCHEMBL195676;DTXCID001331;CHEMBL1549844;YIEDHPBKGZGLIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L;Tox21_200928;AKOS016010449;Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphoniumsulfate;NCGC00091951-01;NCGC00091951-02;NCGC00258482-01;CAS-55566-30-8;FT-0659692;NS00075864;T1089;J-519902;Q27262300;TETRAKIS(HYDROXYMETHYL)PHOSPHONIUM SULFATE [HSDB]

Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a safe aqueous solution with antimicrobial properties that is significantly less toxic, effective at lower concentrations, and more biodegradable than other traditional biocides.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a cationic surfactant that is used in wastewater treatment.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a stable complex with ethylene diamine, which reacts with inorganic acid and sodium carbonate to form a precipitate.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) also has biocidal properties, as it can be used for the disinfection of water.
The chemical reaction mechanism of Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is not yet fully understood, but it has been shown to be carcinogenic in animal studies.

Molybdenum ions are required for the formation of Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) complexes, which may be due to the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies that show an increase in the concentration of molybden.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a green quaternary phosphate fungicide, the product is water-soluble, low freezing point, stable chemical properties, and long time storage does not affect its quality.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a new, excellent, efficient, broad-spectrum, low toxicity, low dose, low foaming, environmentally friendly fungicide, has strong killing performance to bacteria and algae.

Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) Chemical Properties
Melting point: -35°C
Boiling point: 111°C
Density: 1.4 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 20℃
Fp: 96 °C
Storage temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
Form: liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.42
Color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility: >=10 g/100 mL at 18 ºC
BRN: 8521357
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H12O4P.H2O4S/c5-1-9(2-6,3-7)4-8;1-5(2,3)4/h5-8H,1-4H2;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1
InChIKey: HFDZMBPIARIWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: -9.8
CAS DataBase Reference: 55566-30-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (55566-30-8)
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is an organophosphorus compound.

Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a green environmentally friendly quaternary phosphocide fungicide.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS)'s product has good water solubility, low freezing point and stable chemical properties.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a new type, high efficiency and broad spectrum. Low toxicity, low dose, low foaming, environmentally friendly fungicide.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is also a permanent flame retardant for pure cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics.
Because of its chemical structure, Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) has an active methylol group, and its reaction performance is active.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can form high polymers with many substances such as amines and phenols.

Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is widely used as fungicide, microbiological insecticide and scale inhibitor in seabed oil exploitation.
As an odourproof insecticide for landfill.
Kill the harmful substances in garbage, reduce the generation of garbage odor.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be used in aquaculture industry such as fish and shrimp farming, as a bottom-water improver, in addition to odor, water purification and a large number of use.
Improve fish and shrimp survival rate.
Tetrakis(Hydroxymethyl)Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) can be used in the field of anti-corrosion, such as wood products.

Applications
-precursors in flame retardant manufacture process
-biocide in water system
-Tanning agent in the leather industry

Advantage of the wet white tanned leathers, using THPS offers:
-a light color and pastel shades
-They can reach shrink temperatures of at least 70 grad C
-High softness
-Good lightness
-Feeling of naturalness
-Pleasant to the touch
-Beauty that lasts for a long time
-Can be burned without the risk of hexavalent chromium formation

THPC; Tetramethylolphosphonium chloride; Proban CC; Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphochloride; etrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride CAS NO: 124-64-1

Tetrahydroxymethylphosphonium chloride; THPC; Proban CC; Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphochloride; etrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride; CAS NO:124-64-1

THPS; Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate; Octakis(hydroxymethyl)diphosphonium sulfate; ; Pyroset TKO; Retardol S; Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (2:1); Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium)sulfate CAS NO:55566-30-8 CAS NO:58591-11-0 CAS NO:65257-04-7

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium Sulphate; THPS; Pyroset TKO; Retardol S; Octakis(hydroxymethyl)diphosphonium sulfate; Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (2:1); Bis(tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium)sulfate CAS NO: 55566-30-8

Tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) is a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12.
Tetralin is a partially hydrogenated derivative of naphthalene.
Tetralin is a colorless liquid that is used as a hydrogen-donor solvent.

CAS Number: 119-64-2
Molecular Formula: C10H12
Molecular Weight: 132.20

Tetralin appears as a light colored liquid.
May be irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

Tetralin is an ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro derivative of naphthalene.
Tetralin is an ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon and a member of tetralins.
Tetralin derives from a hydride of a naphthalene.

Tetralin is a potent antagonist of bacterial fatty acid synthase, which is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Tetralin has also been shown to be an antihypertensive compound with a kinetic mechanism that is not yet understood.

The chemical reactions involved in the synthesis of tetralin are most likely due to Tetralin chiral nature.
Tetralin can also be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using a surface methodology.
Tetralin has been shown to have no carcinogenic effects in rodent studies.

Tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) is a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12.
This molecule is similar to the naphthalene chemical structure except that one ring is saturated.

The compound can be synthesized in a Bergman cyclization.
In a classic named reaction called the Darzens tetralin synthesis derivatives can be prepared by intramolecular ring-closing reaction of an 1-aryl-4-pentene with concentrated sulfuric acid or simply through the hydrogenation of naphthalene in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

Tetralin is used as a solvent.
Tetralin is also used for the laboratory synthesis of dry HBr gas.

Tetralin is a potent antagonist of bacterial fatty acid synthase, which is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Tetralin has been shown to be effective against wild-type strains and mutant strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Tetralin has also been shown to be an antihypertensive compound with a kinetic mechanism that is not yet understood.
The chemical reactions involved in the synthesis of tetralin are most likely due to Tetralin chiral nature.

Tetralin can also be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using a surface methodology.
Tetralin has been shown to have no carcinogenic effects in rodent studies.

Tetralin and benzodioxans:
Tetralin (TET), 1,4-benzodioxan (14BZD), and 1,3-benzodioxan (13BZN) are all analogous to the cyclohexene family of molecules and hence have twisted structures with high barriers to planarity.
Because of their low vapor pressures, they have not been studied by far-infrared spectroscopy, but their S0 vibrational data have been obtained using SVLF spectra of the jet-cooled molecules and high-temperature vapor-phase Raman spectra.

Uses of Tetralin:
Tetralin is used as a hydrogen-donor solvent, for example in coal liquifaction.
Tetralin functions as a source of H2, which is transferred to the coal.
The partially hydrogenated coal is more soluble.

Tetralin has been used in sodium-cooled fast reactors as a secondary coolant to keep sodium seals around pump impellers solidified.
However Tetralin use has been superseded by NaK.

Tetralin is also used for the laboratory synthesis of HBr:
C10H12 + 4 Br2 → C10H8Br4 + 4 HBr

The facility of this reaction is in part a consequence of the moderated strength of the benzylic C-H bonds.

Tetralin is used in solvent, paint, varnish and rubber industry; Tetralin is used in shoe polish and floor polish.
Solvent for camphor, sulfur and iodine; in paint thinners; as a paint remover when mixed with decalin or white spirit; Used as an insecticide for clothes moth.

Mothballs used as a substitute for turpentine in polishes, shoe polishes, floor polishes, solvent for fats, resins, oils, waxes; Used as degreasing agent.
In plant pathology, tetralin has been successful in the complete eradication of crown gall and olive leg neoplasms.
The combination of 31% tetrahydronaphthalene and 0.03% cupric oleate (cuprex) is advertised as a pediculicide and miticide, but Tetralin true effectiveness has yet to be determined.

Industry Uses:
Heat transferring agent

Consumer Uses:
Solvent

Industrial Processes at risk of exposure:
Painting (Solvents)

General Manufacturing Information of Tetralin:
Industry Processing Sectors
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Production of Tetralin:
Tetralin is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene.

Although nickel catalysts are traditionally employed, many variations have been evaluated.
Over-hydrogenation converts tetralin into decahydronaphthalene (decalin).
Rarely encountered is dihydronaphthalene (dialin).

Laboratory methods of Tetralin:
In a classic named reaction called the Darzens tetralin synthesis, named for Auguste Georges Darzens (1926), derivatives can be prepared by intramolecular electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction of a 1-aryl-4-pentene using concentrated sulfuric acid.

Handling and Storage of Tetralin:

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
Stop leak if you can do Tetralin without risk.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL:
Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Safe Storage:
Separated from strong oxidants.
Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Well closed.

Storage Conditions:
In general materials toxic as stored or which can decomp into toxic components should be stored in cool ventilated place, out of sun, away from fire hazard be periodically inspected and monitored.
Incompatible materials should be isolated.

First Aid Measures of Tetralin:

INGESTION:
Induce vomiting.
Call a doctor.
Medical treatment should be aimed at conservation of liver and kidney function.

EYES:
Flush with water for at least 15 min.
Call a doctor.

SKIN:
Wipe off, wash with soap and water.

Fire Fighting of Tetralin:
The majority of these products have a very low flash point.
Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

For mixtures containing alcohol or polar solvent, alcohol-resistant foam may be more effective.

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam.

LARGE FIRE:
Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.
If Tetralin can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
For petroleum crude oil, do not spray water directly into a breached tank car.

This can lead to a dangerous boil over.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
If this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Identifiers of Tetralin:
CAS Number: 119-64-2
ChEBI: CHEBI:35008
ChemSpider: 8097
ECHA InfoCard: 100.003.946
KEGG: C14114
PubChem CID: 8404
UNII: FT6XMI58YQ
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID1026118
InChI:
InChI=1S/C10H12/c1-2-6-10-8-4-3-7-9(10)5-1/h1-2,5-6H,3-4,7-8H2
Key: CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C10H12/c1-2-6-10-8-4-3-7-9(10)5-1/h1-2,5-6H,3-4,7-8H2
Key: CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYAG
SMILES: c1ccc2c(c1)CCCC2

CAS Number: 119-64-2
Molecular Formula: C10H12
Molecular Weight: 132.20
IUPAC Name: 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
Other Names: Naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride, Bacticin, Benzocyclohexane, THN

Product Code: FT46025
Synonyms: 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
CAS Number: 119-64-2
Chemical Formula: C10H12
Molecular Weight: 132.20
Appearance: Colourless to pale yellow liquid
Purity (GC): min 95%

CAS No: [119-64-2]
Synonyms: 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
Product Code: FT46025
MDL No: MFCD00001733
Chemical Formula: C10H12
Molecular Weight: 132.2 g/mol
Smiles: C1CCC2=CC=CC=C2C1
UN Number: UN3082
Pack Group: III
Class: 9

Properties of Tetralin:
Chemical formula: C10H12
Molar mass: 132.206 g·mol−1
Appearance: colorless liquid with an odor similar to naphthalene
Density: 0.970 g/cm3
Melting point: −35.8 °C (−32.4 °F; 237.3 K)
Boiling point: 206 to 208 °C (403 to 406 °F; 479 to 481 K)
Solubility in water: Insoluble
Viscosity: 2.02 cP at 25 °C[1]

Molecular Formula: C10H12
Molar Mass: 132.2
Density: 0.973 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Melting Point: -35 °C (lit.)
Boling Point: 207 °C (lit.)
Flash Point: 171°F
Water Solubility: INSOLUBLE
Solubility: 0.045g/l
Vapor Presure: 0.18 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Vapor Density: 4.55 (vs air)
Appearance: Fluid
Color: Colorless
Merck: 14,9221
BRN: 1446407
Storage Condition: Store below +30°C.
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Explosive Limit: 0.8%, 100°F
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.541(lit.)

Molecular Weight: 132.20
XLogP3: 3.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 132.093900383
Monoisotopic Mass: 132.093900383
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 10
Complexity: 92.6
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Tetralin:
Appearance (Clarity): Clear
Appearance (Colour): Colourless
Appearance (Form): Liquid
Assay (GC): min. 98%
Density (g/ml) @ 20°C: 0.968-0.970
Refractive Index (20°C): 1.540-1.542
Boiling Range: 204-207°C
Water (KF): max. 0.1%

Names of Tetralin:

CAS names:
Naphthalene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-

Regulatory process name:
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene

Translated names:
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalen (hr)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalen (sl)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalenas (lt)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftaleno (es)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftaleno (pt)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalin (hu)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalina (ro)
1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalīns (lv)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftaleen (nl)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftaleeni (fi)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftalen (cs)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftalen (no)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftalen (pl)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftalen (sv)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaftalén (sk)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtalen (da)
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalin (de)
1,2,3,4-Tetrahüdronaftaleen (et)
1,2,3,4-tetraidronaftalene (it)
1,2,3,4-tétrahydronaphtalène (fr)
1,2,3,4-τετραϋδροναφθαλένιο (el)
1,2,3,4-тeтрахидронафталeн (bg)
tetralina (pl)

Trade names:
tetralinova frakce
tetralín

IUPAC names:
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtalene
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalin
Tetrahydronaphthalene

Preferred IUPAC name:
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene

Other names:
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
Benzocyclohexane
NSC 77451
Tetrahydronaphthalene
Tetranap

Other identifiers:
119-64-2
601-045-00-4

Synonyms of Tetralin:
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
TETRALIN
119-64-2
Benzocyclohexane
Tetrahydronaphthalene
Bacticin
Tetraline
Tetranap
Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-
Tetralina
Naphthalene, tetrahydro-
Naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride
tetralene
NSC 77451
FT6XMI58YQ
CHEBI:35008
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalene
NSC-77451
68412-24-8
Tetralina [Polish]
Caswell No. 842A
CAS-119-64-2
CCRIS 3564
HSDB 127
delta(sup 5,7,9)-naphthantriene
EINECS 204-340-2
UNII-FT6XMI58YQ
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, reagent grade, >=97%
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 055901
AI3-01257
Tetralin solvent
EINECS 270-178-4
MFCD00001733
TETRALIN [HSDB]
TETRALIN [MI]
bmse000530
TETRALIN [USP-RS]
TETRALIN [WHO-DD]
EC 204-340-2
NCIOpen2_000650
1,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalene
5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene
CHEMBL1575635
DTXSID1026118
Naphthalene 1,3,4-tetrahydride
WLN: L66 & TJ
1,2,3,4 Tetrahyclronaphthalene
.delta.(5,7,9)-Naphthantriene
.delta.(sup 5,9)-Naphthantriene
Naphthalene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydride
NSC77451
ZINC8437660
Tox21_201793
Tox21_303325
STL264224
.delta.(sup 5,7,9)-Naphthantriene
AKOS000121383
NCGC00091744-01
NCGC00091744-02
NCGC00256948-01
NCGC00259342-01
FT-0654145
T0107
T0713
EN300-21134
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, Tetralin, THN
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, anhydrous, 99%
Q420416
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, analytical standard
W-108503
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
F1908-0164
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
1,2,3,4-Tétrahydronaphtalène [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalen
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
119-64-2 [RN]
1446407 [Beilstein]
204-340-2 [EINECS]
FT6XMI58YQ
MFCD00001733 [MDL number]
Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- [ACD/Index Name]
tetrahydronaphthalene
Tetralin [Wiki]
Tetralin(R) solvent
Tetralina [Polish]
Tetraline [Dutch]
Tétraline [French]
[119-64-2] [RN]
1,2,3, 4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene 10 µg/mL in Methanol
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene(tetralin)
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, Tetralin, THN
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene;Tetralin
1,2,3,4-TETRHYDRONAPHTHALENE
204-340-2MFCD00001733
270-178-4 [EINECS]
68412-24-8 [RN]
benzocyclohexane
C095210
EINECS 204-340-2
EINECS 270-178-4
naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride
NAPHTHALENE, TETRAHYDRO-
Naphthalene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydride
pWLN: L66 & TJ
teteralin
tetralene
Tetralin(TM) solvent
Tetralin?
Tetralina
Tetralina [Polish]
Tetraline
Tetrana
TETRANAP
THN
UNII:FT6XMI58YQ
UNII-FT6XMI58YQ
WLN: L66 & TJ
δ(5,7,9)-Naphthantriene
δ(sup 5,7,9)-naphthantriene
δ(sup 5,7,9)-Naphthantriene

An ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is Tetralin derivative of naphthalene.
Tetralin or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene is a flammable liquid.
As a solvent for fats and oils and as an alternative to turpentine in polishes and paint; insecticide.

CAS: 119-64-2
MF: C10H12
MW: 132.2
EINECS: 204-340-2

A light colored liquid.
May be irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
Flash point 100-141°F.
Tetralin is a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12.
Tetralin is a partially hydrogenated derivative of naphthalene.
Tetralin is a colorless liquid that is used as a hydrogen-donor solvent.
Tetralin is an organic compound, a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12.
Tetralin is similar to naphthalene in structure, except one ring is saturated.

Tetralin is a potent antagonist of bacterial fatty acid synthase, which is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Tetralin has been shown to be effective against wild-type strains and mutant strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Tetralin has also been shown to be an antihypertensive compound with a kinetic mechanism that is not yet understood.
Tetralin reactions involved in the synthesis of tetralin are most likely due to its chiral nature.
Tetralin can also be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using a surface methodology.
Tetralin has been shown to have no carcinogenic effects in rodent studies.

Tetralin Chemical Properties
Melting point: -35 °C (lit.)
Boiling point: 207 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.973 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor density: 4.55 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.18 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.541(lit.)
Fp: 171 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility: 0.045g/l
Form: Fluid
Color: Colorless
Odor: pungent menthol odor
Odor Threshol: 0.0093ppm
Explosive limit: 0.8%, 100°F
Water Solubility: INSOLUBLE
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Merck: 14,9221
BRN: 1446407
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 3.78 at 23℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 119-64-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Tetralin(119-64-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetralin (119-64-2)

Uses
Tetralin, is used as an intermediate for organic synthesis, solvent.
Tetralin is used as a solvent.
Tetralin is also used for the laboratory synthesis of dry HBr gas.
Solvent for naphthalene, fats, resins, oils, waxes, used instead of turpentine in lacquers, shoe polishes, floor waxes.

Uses
Tetralin is used as a hydrogen-donor solvent, for example in coal liquifaction.
Tetralin functions as a source of H2, which is transferred to the coal.
The partially hydrogenated coal is more soluble.
Tetralin has been used in sodium-cooled fast reactors as a secondary coolant to keep sodium seals around pump impellers solidified; however its use has been superseded by NaK.: 24:30
Tetralin is also used for the laboratory synthesis of hydrogen bromide:

C10H12 + 4 Br2 → C10H8Br4 + 4 HBr
The facility of this reaction is in part a consequence of the moderated strength of the benzylic C-H bonds.

A large number of used in the manufacture of insecticide carbaryl intermediate cresol; Also used in the manufacture of lubricants, and used to reduce the viscosity of high viscosity oil, and widely used as organic (resin, wax, grease, paint, plastic, etc.) of the solvent.
Tetralin can also be used in the gas industry to dissolve, remove naphthalene deposition in the equipment, and as a liquid for washing gas.
Tetralin is mixed with alcohol and benzene as a fuel for internal combustion engines.
In addition, Tetralin can be used as a degreasing agent, a softener, an absorbent of low boiling point organic compound vapor, an insect repellent and a substitute for turpentine.

Production Methods
Tetralin is prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene or during acidic, catalytic hydrocracking of phenanthrene.
At 700℃, tetralin yields tars that contain appreciable quantities of 3,4-benzopyrene (172a).

Reactivity Profile
Tetralin may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents.
May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas.
Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously.

Health Hazard
Liquid may cause nervous disturbance, green coloration of urine, and skin and eye irritation.

Carcinogenicity
In male and female F344/N and NBR rats exposed to tetralin at concentrations of 0, 30, 60, or 120 ppm, 6 h plus T90 (12 min) per day, 5 days per week for 105 weeks, there were slightly increased incidences of cortical renal tubule adenoma in male rats.
The incidence of cortical renal tubule adenomawas also significantly increased in the 120 ppm group.
Exposure of male and female B6C3F1 mice to tetralin at concentrations of 0, 30, 60, or 120 ppm, 6 h plus T90 (12 min) per day, 5 days per week for 105 weeks and additional groups of male and female mice to the same concentrations for 12 months led to increased incidence of hemangiosarcoma of the spleen in 120 ppm females (172b).

Purification Methods
Wash tetralin with successive portions of conc H2SO4 until the acid layer is no longer coloured, then wash it with aqueous 10% Na2CO3, and then distilled water.
Dry (CaSO4 or Na2SO4), filter, reflux and fractionally distil it under under reduced pressure from sodium or BaO.
Tetralin can also be purified by repeated fractional freezing.
Bass freed tetralin, purified as above, from naphthalene and other impurities by conversion to ammonium tetralin-6-sulfonate.
Concentrated H2SO4 (150mL) is added slowly to stirred tetralin (272mL) which is then heated on a water bath for about 2hours for complete solution.

The warm mixture, when poured into aqueous NH4Cl solution (120g in 400mL water), gives a white precipitate which, after filtering off, is crystallised from boiling water, washed with 50% aqueous EtOH and dried at 100o.
Evaporation of its boiling aqueous solution on a steam bath removes traces of naphthalene.
The pure salt (229g) is mixed with conc H2SO4 (266mL) and steam distilled from an oil bath at 165-170o.
An ether extract of the distillate is washed with aqueous Na2SO4, and the ether is evaporated, prior to distilling the tetralin from sodium.
Tetralin has also been purified via barium tetralin-6-sulfonate, conversion to the sodium salt and decomposed in 60% H2SO4 using superheated steam.

Synonyms
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
TETRALIN
119-64-2
Benzocyclohexane
Tetrahydronaphthalene
Bacticin
Tetraline
Tetranap
Tetralina
Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-
Naphthalene, tetrahydro-
Naphthalene 1,2,3,4-tetrahydride
tetralene
Tetralina [Polish]
Caswell No. 842A
NSC 77451
CCRIS 3564
HSDB 127
delta(sup 5,7,9)-naphthantriene
EINECS 204-340-2
UNII-FT6XMI58YQ
FT6XMI58YQ
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 055901
AI3-01257
DTXSID1026118
CHEBI:35008
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalene
EINECS 270-178-4
NSC-77451
EC 204-340-2
68412-24-8
DTXCID306118
CAS-119-64-2
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, reagent grade, >=97%
Tetralin solvent
Ttrahydronaphtalne
tetrahydronapthalene
MFCD00001733
THN (CHRIS Code)
TETRALIN [HSDB]
TETRALIN [MI]
bmse000530
TETRALIN [USP-RS]
TETRALIN [WHO-DD]
NCIOpen2_000650
1,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalene
5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene
CHEMBL1575635
Naphthalene 1,3,4-tetrahydride
WLN: L66 & TJ
1,2,3,4 Tetrahyclronaphthalene
.delta.(5,7,9)-Naphthantriene
.delta.(sup 5,9)-Naphthantriene
Naftaleno, 1,2,3,4-tetrahidro-
Naphthalene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydride
NSC77451
Tox21_201793
Tox21_303325
LS-620
STL264224
.delta.(sup 5,7,9)-Naphthantriene
AKOS000121383
NCGC00091744-01
NCGC00091744-02
NCGC00256948-01
NCGC00259342-01
TETRAHYDRONAPHTHALENE, 1,2,3,4-
FT-0654145
T0107
T0713
EN300-21134
Tetrahydronaphthalene , 1,2,3,4- (tetralin)
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, anhydrous, 99%
Q420416
TETRALIN (SEE ALSO DECALIN (91-17-8))
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, analytical standard
W-108503
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
F1908-0164
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
InChI=1/C10H12/c1-2-6-10-8-4-3-7-9(10)5-1/h1-2,5-6H,3-4,7-8H

Tetrameen OV is an oleyl (vegetable oil) tripropylenetetraamine.
Tetrameen OV's functions include corrosion inhibitor, dispersing agent, emulsifier, and hydrophobizing.

CAS Number: 349636-04-0
Chemical Name: Oleyl (Vegetable Oil) Tripropylene Tetraamine
Molecular Formula : C6H16N2

Tetrameen OV appears as a water-white colored liquid with a fishlike odor.
The flash point of Tetrameen OV is 68°F.
Tetrameen OV is less dense than water.

Tetrameen OV's Vapors are heavier than air.
Tetrameen OV is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid.
Tetrameen OV is an ethylenediamine derivative in which each nitrogen carries two methyl substituents.

Tetrameen OV is an oleyl (vegetable oil) tripropylenetetraamine.
Tetrameen OV's functions include corrosion inhibitor, dispersing agent, emulsifier, and hydrophobizing.
Tetrameen OV appears as a water-white-colored liquid with a fishlike odor.

Tetrameen OV is an ethylenediamine derivative in which each nitrogen carries two methyl substituents.
Tetrameen OV appears as a water-white colored liquid with a fishlike odor.
Tetrameen OV is a molecule that allows rapid polymerization of polyacrylamide gels.

In the presence of ammonium persulfate, Tetrameen OV is responsible for the formation of free radicals from persulfate, thereby initiating the acrylamide polymerization process.
However, excess concentration of Tetrameen OV can result in abnormal separation patterns.

Tetrameen OV is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Tetrameen OV is actively involved in the formation of anionic organometallic complex.
Tetrameen OV is an ethylenediamine derivative in which each nitrogen carries two methyl substituents.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAMEEN OV:
Tetrameen OV is ideal for use in automotive polishes and metal cleaning applications.
Tetrameen OV is used for Cleaning.
Tetrameen OV is used Automotive Polishes, Metal cleaning

Applications & Uses of Tetrameen OV: HI&I Care — Home Care, Surface Care, HI&I Care — Institutional & Industrial Care, Vehicle & Machinery
Home Care Applications of Tetrameen OV: Metal Cleaners, I&I Cleaning Applications, and Automotive Polishes
Tetrameen OV is used to make epoxy curing agents, polyurethane, and quaternary ammonium compounds.

Tetrameen OV is also used in textile finishing agents, as a corrosion inhibitor, acrylamide polymerization catalyst, and reagent.
Tetrameen OV is used as polymerization accelerator in gel electrophoresis, a solvent, and an oxidizing reagent
Tetrameen OV is used as polymerization accelerator in gel electrophoresis, solvent and oxidizing reagent.

Tetrameen OV is used as anti-hyperlipidemic, plant growth stimulator, pathogen growth inhibitor, confers plant disease resistance.
Tetrameen OV is used with ammonium persulfate to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide when making polyacrylamide gels, used in gel electrophoresis.
Tetrameen OV is widely employed as a ligand for metal ions.

Tetrameen OV can also be a component of Hypergolic propellants. Tetrameen OV is an essential catalyst for polyacrylamide gel polymerization.
Tetrameen OV is frequently used with another catalyst, APS, for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for protein and nucleic acid analysis.
Tetrameen OV is used to make other chemicals.

Tetrameen OV is widely employed both as a ligand for metal ions and as a catalyst in organic polymerisation.
Tetrameen OV has a role as a chelator and a catalyst.
Tetrameen OV is used as polymerization accelerator in gel electrophoresis, solvent and oxidizing reagent.

Tetrameen OV is used as anti-hyperlipidemic, plant growth stimulator, pathogen growth inhibitor, confers plant disease resistance.
Tetrameen OV is used with ammonium persulfate to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide when making polyacrylamide gels, used in gel electrophoresis.
Tetrameen OV is widely employed as a ligand for metal ions.

Tetrameen OV can also be a component of Hypergolic propellants.
Tetrameen OV is an essential catalyst for polyacrylamide gel polymerization.
Tetrameen OV is frequently used with another catalyst, APS, for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for protein and nucleic acid analysis.

Tetrameen OV is used as polymerization accelerator in gel electrophoresis, solvent and oxidizing reagent.
Tetrameen OV is used as anti-hyperlipidemic, plant growth stimulator, pathogen growth inhibitor, confers plant disease resistance.
Tetrameen OV is used with ammonium persulfate to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide when making polyacrylamide gels, used in gel electrophoresis.

Tetrameen OV is widely employed as a ligand for metal ions.
Tetrameen OV can also be a component of Hypergolic propellants.
Tetrameen OV is an essential catalyst.

Tetrameen OV is used to catalyze the formation of free radicals from ammonium persulfate or riboflavin.
The free radicals will cause acrylamide and bis-acrylamide to polymerize to form a gel matrix which can be used for sieving macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins.

Tetrameen OV has been used in the coating of soft polymers, such as polyacrylamide, in capillaries for investigation by atom force microscopy.
Microchips containing oligonucleotides and proteins immobilized within gel pads have been prepared using Tetrameen OV.
Tetrameen OV is also used in the HPLC of small organic molecules.

Tetrameen OV is used as a Polyacrylamide gel formation catalyst.
Tetrameen OV is used with ammonium persulfate to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide when making polyacrylamide gels, used in gel electrophoresis, for the separation of proteins or nucleic acids.

Tetrameen OV is widely employed both as a ligand for metal ions and as a catalyst in organic polymerisation.
Tetrameen OV is a water-white colored liquid with a fishlike odor.
Tetrameen OV is used to make other chemicals.

Tetrameen OV is used to make other chemicals.
Tetrameen OV is used to make other chemicals.
Tetrameen OV is an ethylenediamine derivative in which each nitrogen carries two methyl substituents.

Tetrameen OV is widely employed both as a ligand for metal ions and as a catalyst in organic polymerisation.
Tetrameen OV has a role as a chelator and a catalyst.
Tetrameen OV is slightly soluble in water.

Tetrameen OV is used as polymerization accelerator in gel electrophoresis, solvent and oxidizing reagent.
Tetrameen OV is also used for the separation of proteins or nucleic acids.
Further, Tetrameen OV is employed as a ligand for metal ions like zinc and copper.

Tetrameen OV is actively involved in the formation of anionic organometallic complex.
Tetrameen OV is widely employed both as a ligand for metal ions and as a catalyst in organic polymerisation.
Tetrameen OV has a role as a chelator and a catalyst.

Tetrameen OV, also known simply as Tetramethylethylenediamine, used in gel electrophoresis, for the separation of proteins or nucleic acids.
Tetrameen OV has been used for the preparation of acrylamide hydrogels and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels.

FUNCTIONS OF TETRAMEEN OV:
*Corrosion Inhibitor
*Dispersing Agent
*Hydrophobizing
*Emulsifier
*Surfactant (Cationic)
*Water Repellent
*Surfactant

TETRAMEEN OV FAMILIES:
-Cleaning Ingredients — Cleaning Aids
*Emulsifiers & Demulsifiers ,
*Wetting & Dispersion Aids
-Cleaning Ingredients — Functional Additives
-Other Functional Additives
*Performance Additives
-Cleaning Ingredients — Soaps & Surfactants
*Cationic Surfactants

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TETRAMEEN OV:
Tetrameen OV neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water.
Tetrameen OV may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAMEEN OV:
Amine number: 460-485 mg KOH/g
Color: ≤ 5 Gardner
Iodine value: ≥ 25 g I₂/100 g
Characteristics: Appearance Solid
Density: 850 kg/m³ at 60ºC
Flash point, Pensky Martens Closed Cup: 170 °C
Melting point: 25-35 °C
Water content: ≤ 0.5%
CAS Min %: 98.5
CAS Max %: 100.0
Melting Point: -55.0°C
Color: Colorless to Yellow
Density: 0.7700g/mL
Boiling Point: 120.0°C to 122.0°C
Flash Point: 17°C
Infrared Spectrum: Authentic
Assay Percent Range: 98.5% min. (GC)
Linear Formula: (CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2
Refractive Index: 1.4169 to 1.4189
Beilstein: 04, 250
Fieser: 02,403; 03,284; 04,485; 05,652; 06,576;
07,358; 11,340; 12,477; 14,68; 15,63; 16,55
Merck Index: 15, 9277

Specific Gravity: 0.77
Solubility Information: (10% in water) Clear and no haze
Formula Weight: 116.21
Percent Purity: 99%
Grade: Biochemistry
Physical Form: Liquid
Molecular Weight: 116.20 g/mol
XLogP3: 0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 116.131348519 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 116.131348519 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 6.5Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 8
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 42.5
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Boiling point: 121 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 0.78 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 1 - 9 %(V)
Flash point: 19 °C
Ignition temperature: 145 °C
Melting Point: -55 °C
pH value: 8.0 - 8.5 (0.1 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 21 hPa (20 °C)
Molecular Weight： 116.20500
Exact Mass： 116.20
EC Number： 203-744-6
UNII： K90JUB7941
UN Number： 2372
DSSTox ID： DTXSID5026122
Color/Form： Colorless liquid
HScode： 2921219000
Density： 0.7765 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point： -55 °C
Boiling Point： 121 °C
Flash Point： 21ºC
Refractive Index： 1.4169-1.4189
Water Solubility： Micible with water.
Storage Conditions： Store at RT.

Vapor Pressure： 14.9mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density： 4 (vs air)
Explosive limit： 1-9%(V)
Odor： Slight ammoniacal odor
Experimental: Properties：
Freezing pt: -55.1 °C
Melting point: −55 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 120-122 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.775 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 4 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 21 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.4179(lit.)
Flash point: 50 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: H2O: 10 mg/mL at 20 °C, clear, colorless
form: Liquid
pka: 10.40, 8.26(at 25℃)
Specific Gravity: 0.777 (20/4℃)
color: Clear colorless to slightly yellow
Odor: Amine like
PH: 8.0-8.5 (0.1g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 1-9%(V)
Water Solubility: miscible
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,9134
BRN: 1732991
Stability: Stable.
InChIKey: DMQSHEKGGUOYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.13 at 20.2℃

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAMEEN OV:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAMEEN OV:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAMEEN OV:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAMEEN OV:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAMEEN OV:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAMEEN OV:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available

SYNONYMS:
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
1,2-di(dimethylamino)ethane
1,2-ethanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
bis(dimethylamino)ethane
N,N,N',N'-di(dimethylamino)ethane
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-
diaminoethane
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
propamine D
TEMED
tetrameen
tetramethyldiaminoethane
TMEDA
(CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2
1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethane
1,2-Di-(dimethylamino)ethane
1,2-Diaminoethane, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1,N1,N2,N2-tetramethyl-
2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diazahexane
Dimethyl[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine
Ethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-diaminoethane
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N1,N1-Tetramethylethylenediamine
Propamine D
TMEDA
Temed
Tetrameen
Tetramethyl ethylene diamine
Tetramethyldiaminoethane
UN 2372
1,2-Bis-(dimethylamino)ethane
1,2-Ethanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
Dimethyl(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amine
Ethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-diaminoethane
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine
Propamine D
TMEDA
TEMED
Tetrameen
Tetramethyl ethylene diamine
Tetramethyldiaminoethane
Tetramethylethylenediamin
1,2-Di-(dimethylamino)ethane
UN2372
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine
110-18-9
Temed
TMEDA
Tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine
1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethane
Tetramethyldiaminoethane
Tetrameen
Propamine D
1,2-Ethanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
N1,N1,N2,N2-Tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine
Tetramethyl ethylene diamine
N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYL-1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE
[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]dimethylamine
MFCD00008335
tmen
1,2-Bis-(dimethylamino)ethane
Ethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-diaminoethane
Dimethyl(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amine
1,2-Di-(dimethylamino)ethane
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine
DTXSID5026122
CHEBI:32850
K90JUB7941
Dimethyl[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1,N1,N2,N2-tetramethyl-
CCRIS 4870
HSDB 5396
N,N,N,N-Tetramethylethylenediamine
EINECS 203-744-6
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylendiamine
UN2372
UNII-K90JUB7941
AI3-26631
9U3
pentafluorophenylglycine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl ethylene diamine
tetramethylethlenediamine
Tetramethylethyenediamine
tetramethylethylendiamine
tetramethyl ethylenediamine
tetramethyl-ethylenediamine
tetramethylethylene diamine
tetramethylethylene-diamine
TEMED [MI]
N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYL-ETHYLENEDIAMINE
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED)
N,N,N
SCHEMBL15334
1,2-di(dimethylamino) ethane
N,N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
1,2-bis(dimethyl-amino)ethane
DTXCID206122
CHEMBL3181913
HMS1787N22
BCP25463
n,n,n,n,-tetramethylethylenediamine
n,n,n,n-tetramethylethylene diamine
(CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenedamne
N,N,N',N'tetramethylethylenediamine
Tox21_200241
BBL011565
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethlenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyletylenediamine
n,n,n,n -tetramethylethylene diamine
STL146736
N,N,N',N' tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-ethylendiamin
N,N,N`,N`-Tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N1,N1-Tetramethylethylenediamine
AKOS000119849
n,n,n',n',-tetramethylethylenediamine
n,n,n',n'- tetramethylethylenediamine
n,n,n',n'-tetra-methylethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl ethylendiamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-ethylendiamine
TEMED ULTRA-PURE GRADE 100ML
N,N, N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N', N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylene diamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylene-diamine
UN 2372
n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-ethylene diamine
N, N, N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N, N', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N', N'-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine
N,N,N', N'-tetramethylethylene diamine
N,N,N',N'-tetra methyl ethylenediamine
NCGC00248573-01
NCGC00257795-01
BP-30082
CAS-110-18-9
N, N, N', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetra methyl ethylene diamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyletane-1,2-diamine
N-N-N-N-Tetramethylethylenediamine-TEMED
VS-02982
N,N,N',N' tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N,N,N2,N2-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine
N, N, N', N'-Tetra-methylethylenediamine
N, N, N', N'-Tetramethylethylene diamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-ethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, 99%
T0147
T2515
1,2-Diaminoethane, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
EN300-16690
5-bromo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine
D97674
N1, N1,N2,N2-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine
TETRAMETHYLETHYLENEDIAMINE, N,N,N',N'-
A802159
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, >=99.0%
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, redistilled
J-002395
J-523208
Z56755629
F0001-0217
N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYL-1,2-ETHANEDIAMINE
N~1~,N~1~,N~2~,N~2~-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, Electrophoresis Grade
1,2-Di-(dimethylamino)ethane [UN2372]
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
InChI=1/C6H16N2/c1-7(2)5-6-8(3)4/h5-6H2,1-4H
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, >=99.5%, purified by redistillation
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, >=99%
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, BioReagent, for molecular biology, >=99% (GC)
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, BioReagent, suitable for electrophoresis, ~99%
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine, TEMED, biochemical grade suitable for electrophoresis
TETRAMETHYLETHYLENEDIAMINE TEMED TD N,N,N
Ethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
Dimethyl[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-diaminoethane
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethanediamine
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine
Tetramethyldiaminoethane
1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethane
(CH3)2NCH2CH2N(CH3)2
N,N,N1,N1-Tetramethylethylenediamine
Temed
1,2-Di-(dimethylamino)ethane
Propamine D
Tetrameen
Tetramethyl ethylene diamine
TMEDA
UN 2372
1,2-Diaminoethane, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethenediamine
1,2-Ethanediamine, N1,N1,N2,N2-tetramethyl-
1,2-Ethanediamine,N1,N1,N2,N2-tetramethyl-
Ethylenediamine,N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-
1,2-Ethanediamine,N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl
N1,N1,N2,N2-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-1,2-diaminoethane
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldiaminoethane
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine
1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethane
Dimethyl[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine
TEMED
Propamine D
Tetrameen
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-diazahexane
TMEDA
TMED
Toyocat TE
Kaolizer 11
MR
MR (amine)
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine
(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)dimethylamine
Dabco TMEDA
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-1,2-ethylenediamine
PC CAT TMEDA
Addocat 6090
Tetramethyl ethylene diamine
1258795-32-2
TMEDA
TEMED
TETRAMETHYLETHYLENEDIAMINE
N1,N1,N2,N2-tetraMethylethane-1,2-diaMine
TMED
1,4-DIAMINOBUTANE
TD
1,2-BIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)ETHANE
2,5-DiMethyl-2,5-diazahexane
N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYLENEDIAMINE

Tetramethylammonium chloride (Tetramethylammonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt with the chemical formula (CH3)4NCl.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is known for its ability to act as a phase-transfer catalyst in organic synthesis reactions.

CAS Number: 75-57-0
EC Number: 200-880-8

Synonyms: TMAC, Tetramethylammonium chloride, N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride, TMA chloride, TMA-Cl, Tetramethylammonium hydrochloride,Trimethylmethanaminium chloride, Tetramethylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-methanaminium chloride

APPLICATIONS

Tetramethylammonium chloride is extensively used as a phase-transfer catalyst in organic synthesis reactions.
Tetramethylammonium chloride facilitates the transfer of ions or molecules between aqueous and organic phases, improving reaction efficiency.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the production of quaternary ammonium compounds, which are used as surfactants and detergents.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a disinfectant and preservative in various formulations.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the synthesis of ion-exchange resins for water purification and treatment processes.

Tetramethylammonium chloride plays a role in electroplating processes, aiding in the deposition of metals such as copper onto surfaces.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in the preparation of catalysts for organic reactions, enhancing reaction rates and selectivity.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the synthesis of corrosion inhibitors to protect metal surfaces from degradation.

Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a stabilizer and modifier in biochemical and enzymatic reactions, facilitating protein studies.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the formulation of drilling fluids in the oil and gas industry to improve viscosity and stability.

In textile manufacturing, Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized as an antistatic agent and fabric softener in finishing processes.
Tetramethylammonium chloride finds applications in the production of specialty chemicals and additives for industrial use.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in analytical chemistry as a reagent for the determination of various ions and compounds.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the formulation of electrolytes for batteries and capacitors, enhancing conductivity.
Tetramethylammonium chloride plays a role in the synthesis of polymer materials, improving their solubility and processing characteristics.

In agricultural applications, Tetramethylammonium chloride is used as a plant growth regulator to enhance crop yield and quality.
Tetramethylammonium chloride finds use in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, improving bonding properties.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the manufacturing of photographic chemicals and emulsions for image development.

Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a stabilizer and antifreeze additive in automotive and industrial cooling systems.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in the preparation of chromatography columns and stationary phases for separation techniques.

In the electronics industry, Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the production of electronic components and materials.
Tetramethylammonium chloride finds applications in the synthesis of specialty polymers and materials for advanced technologies.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the formulation of inkjet inks and printing solutions for precise and durable prints.

Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a component in the formulation of personal care products, including hair care and skincare formulations.
Tetramethylammonium chloride continues to be explored for new applications in nanotechnology, biotechnology, and other emerging fields due to its versatile properties.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in the production of specialty chemicals and additives for industrial processes, such as metal surface treatment.
Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a stabilizer and modifier in the formulation of paints, coatings, and adhesives, improving their performance and durability.

In the pulp and paper industry, Tetramethylammonium chloride is used as a retention aid and drainage modifier in papermaking processes.
Tetramethylammonium chloride finds applications in the formulation of construction materials, including concrete additives and waterproofing agents.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the synthesis of catalysts for polymerization reactions, enhancing the efficiency and control of polymer formation.
Tetramethylammonium chloride plays a role in the production of specialty solvents and cleaning agents for industrial and household use.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the formulation of drilling muds and fluids in the mining and oil exploration industries.
In wastewater treatment, Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized as a flocculant and coagulant to remove impurities and pollutants from water.

Tetramethylammonium chloride finds applications in the formulation of corrosion-resistant coatings and protective films for metal surfaces.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates and active ingredients for therapeutic applications.

Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a stabilizer and preservative in the formulation of cosmetic products, ensuring product stability and shelf life.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the production of herbicides and pesticides for agricultural and horticultural applications.
In the food industry, Tetramethylammonium chloride is used as a food additive and flavor enhancer, approved for certain applications.

Tetramethylammonium chloride finds use in the formulation of textile auxiliaries and dyeing agents to enhance dye uptake and color fastness.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in the manufacturing of rubber and plastic additives, improving material properties and processing characteristics.

Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a catalyst and promoter in organic reactions, facilitating the synthesis of fine chemicals and specialty compounds.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the formulation of surfactants and emulsifiers for industrial and consumer products.

Tetramethylammonium chloride finds applications in the production of analytical reagents and standards for laboratory testing and research.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the formulation of fire-retardant materials and additives for textiles and construction materials.
Tetramethylammonium chloride serves as a component in the formulation of antifouling agents and coatings for marine applications.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in the preparation of ion-selective electrodes and sensors for analytical and environmental monitoring.
Tetramethylammonium chloride finds applications in the synthesis of fluorescent dyes and markers for biological and medical imaging.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the formulation of heat transfer fluids and coolants for industrial processes and equipment.
In the textile industry, Tetramethylammonium chloride is used as a softening agent and finishing treatment to improve fabric feel and appearance.
Tetramethylammonium chloride continues to be researched for new applications in advanced materials, nanotechnology, and sustainable technologies due to its versatile chemical properties.

DESCRIPTION

Tetramethylammonium chloride (Tetramethylammonium chloride) is a quaternary ammonium salt with the chemical formula (CH3)4NCl.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is known for its ability to act as a phase-transfer catalyst in organic synthesis reactions.

Tetramethylammonium chloride consists of a tetramethylammonium cation and a chloride anion.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is commonly used in chemical processes to facilitate the transfer of ions or molecules between immiscible phases.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the synthesis of various quaternary ammonium compounds due to its versatile chemical properties.
Tetramethylammonium chloride plays a crucial role in electroplating processes, particularly in the deposition of metals like copper onto surfaces.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in the production of surfactants and detergents, contributing to their solubility and stability in aqueous solutions.
In pharmaceutical applications, Tetramethylammonium chloride is used as a disinfectant and in the formulation of certain medications.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is utilized in biochemical research as a stabilizer and facilitator in enzymatic reactions and protein studies.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is compatible with a wide range of organic solvents, making it valuable in various industrial and laboratory settings.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the preparation of ion-exchange resins for water treatment and purification processes.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is known for its low toxicity profile under normal handling and usage conditions.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is an irritant to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system and should be handled with proper precautions.

Tetramethylammonium chloride has a molecular weight of approximately 109.62 g/mol and a melting point around 232-234°C.
Tetramethylammonium chloride exhibits high thermal stability, maintaining its properties under moderate temperature conditions.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is stable under recommended storage conditions, away from moisture and direct sunlight.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is synthesized through the reaction of trimethylamine with hydrochloric acid or chloride salts.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is used in the synthesis of corrosion inhibitors and additives for industrial applications.
Tetramethylammonium chloride enhances the solubility and stability of certain compounds in aqueous solutions, facilitating their use in various industries.

Tetramethylammonium chloride's chemical structure provides it with cationic properties that interact effectively with anionic species in solution.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is employed in the preparation of catalysts for organic transformations, facilitating efficient and selective reactions.

Tetramethylammonium chloride is a versatile chemical reagent that finds applications in analytical chemistry and quality control processes.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is classified as a hazardous material and should be handled and disposed of according to safety guidelines and regulations.
Researchers continue to explore new applications and formulations of Tetramethylammonium chloride to meet evolving industrial and scientific demands.

PROPERTIES

Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula: (CH3)4NCl
Molecular Weight: Approximately 109.62 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.01 g/cm³ at 25°C
Melting Point: 232-234°C (449-453°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility in Water: Soluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Soluble in polar organic solvents
pH: Neutral (around 7 in aqueous solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible

Chemical Properties:

Chemical Structure: Tetramethylammonium cation (
Hygroscopicity: Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air)
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Reactivity:
Tetramethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt and acts as a phase-transfer catalyst.
It is not reactive with most acids and bases under standard conditions.
Tetramethylammonium chloride decomposes at high temperatures, releasing toxic fumes.
Flammability: Non-flammable
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive to metals under normal conditions
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable (decomposes before ignition)

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

Symptoms:
Inhalation of Tetramethylammonium chloride vapors may cause respiratory irritation, coughing, difficulty breathing, and throat irritation.

Immediate Actions:
Remove the affected person from the exposure area to fresh air immediately, ensuring they can breathe freely.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available.
Assist ventilation if necessary.
Keep the person calm and in a comfortable position.

Medical Attention:
Seek immediate medical attention.
Provide the medical personnel with the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or chemical name for proper treatment guidance.
Monitor the person for signs of respiratory distress.

Skin Contact:

Symptoms:
Tetramethylammonium chloride can cause skin irritation, redness, and potentially burns upon prolonged contact.

Immediate Actions:
Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry immediately.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring all chemical residue is removed.
If irritation persists or there are signs of burns, seek medical attention promptly.

Medical Attention:
Consult a physician if skin irritation or burns occur.
Provide the SDS or chemical name to medical personnel for appropriate treatment.

Eye Contact:

Symptoms:
Eye exposure to Tetramethylammonium chloride can cause irritation, redness, pain, and potential corneal injury.

Immediate Actions:
Immediately rinse eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids open to ensure thorough flushing.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easily removable, during rinsing.
Seek medical attention immediately after rinsing.

Medical Attention:
Contact an eye specialist or ophthalmologist promptly.
Provide the SDS or chemical name to medical personnel for proper evaluation and treatment.

Ingestion:

Symptoms:
Ingestion of Tetramethylammonium chloride may cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Immediate Actions:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Rinse out the mouth with water if the person is conscious and able to swallow.
Seek immediate medical attention.

Medical Attention:
Contact a poison control center or healthcare provider immediately.
Provide the SDS or chemical name to medical personnel for appropriate treatment guidance.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

General Precautions:
Handle Tetramethylammonium chloride in a well-ventilated area to minimize exposure to vapors.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and lab coat.
Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with skin and eyes.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Tetramethylammonium chloride.

Handling Practices:
Use tools and equipment that are grounded and spark-resistant to prevent static electricity discharge.
Ensure containers are tightly closed when not in use to prevent spills and evaporation.
Minimize exposure to heat, flames, and ignition sources during handling and transfer operations.
Handle with care to prevent physical damage to containers and potential release of the chemical.

Emergency Procedures:
Be familiar with emergency procedures and spill response measures before handling Tetramethylammonium chloride.
Have spill control materials (e.g., absorbent pads, neutralizing agents) readily available.
In case of spillage, contain the spill immediately to prevent further spread. Wear appropriate PPE during cleanup.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands and any exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after handling Tetramethylammonium chloride.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
Maintain good housekeeping practices in work areas to minimize potential exposure.

Specific Handling Guidance:
Do not mix Tetramethylammonium chloride with incompatible substances, such as strong oxidizers and acids.
Follow manufacturer's recommendations and safety data sheet (SDS) instructions for handling and disposal.
Ensure that all handling procedures comply with local, state, and federal regulations.

Storage:

Storage Location:
Store Tetramethylammonium chloride in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep containers tightly closed and upright to prevent leakage and evaporation.
Store away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.

Temperature Control:
Maintain storage temperature below 30°C (86°F) to prevent decomposition and ensure chemical stability.
Avoid freezing temperatures, as Tetramethylammonium chloride may crystallize and affect product quality.

Container Requirements:
Use original containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.
Ensure containers are labeled with the chemical name, hazards, and handling instructions.
Inspect containers regularly for signs of damage or deterioration.

Segregation:
Store Tetramethylammonium chloride separately from food, feedstuffs, and animal bedding to prevent contamination.
Segregate from oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents to avoid potential reactions.

Security and Accessibility:
Restrict access to storage areas to authorized personnel only.
Ensure emergency equipment, such as spill kits and fire extinguishers suitable for chemical fires, is readily accessible.

Inventory Management:
Implement a first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory system to ensure older stock is used first.
Keep accurate records of quantities stored, usage, and disposal to facilitate inventory control and regulatory compliance.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether, also known as N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylbis(2-aminoethyl)ether or N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylbis(2-aminoethyl) ether, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C8H20N2O.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is a diamine ether compound with four methyl groups and two aminoethyl groups attached to the oxygen atom.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether colorless and transparent liquid or Brown liquid.

CAS Number: 3033-62-3
Molecular Formula: C8H20N2O
Molecular Weight: 160.26
EINECS Number: 221-220-5

3033-62-3, BIS(2-DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL) ETHER, Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, 2,2'-oxybis(N,N-dimethylethanamine), Niax catalyst al, Kalpur PC, Niax A 1, Toyocat ET, Toyocat ETS, Dabco BL 11, Texacat ZF 20, Dabco BL 19I, Dabco BL 19, Niax A 4, Niax A 99, A 99 (Amine), Ethanamine, 2,2'-oxybis[N,N-dimethyl-, 2-Dimethylaminoethyl Ether, Bis(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)ether, Bis(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl) ether, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-2,2'-oxybis(ethylamine), NSC 109887, 2,2'-Oxybis(N,N-dimethylethylamine), Bis[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl] ether, Ethanamine, 2,2'-oxybis(N,N-dimethyl-, 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine, dimethylaminoethyl ether, Bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]ether, A 99, Ethylamine, 2,2'-oxybis(N,N-dimethyl-, Ethylamine, 2,2'-oxybis[N,N-dimethyl-, NL66Q36V7L, DTXSID5027512, {2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethyl}dimethylamine, Bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl] ether, NSC-109887, DTXCID807512, 2,2'-Oxybis[N,N-dimethylethylamine], CAS-3033-62-3, 2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine, EINECS 221-220-5, BRN 1739668, UNII-NL66Q36V7L, 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl ether, HSDB 7903, bis (2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 1,5-Bis(dimethylamino)-3-oxapentane, 2,N-dimethylethylamine], EC 221-220-5, SCHEMBL15091, 4-04-00-01441 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), 59948-21-9, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-3-oxapentane-1,5-diamine, 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine, bis(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, CHEMBL1899933, Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, WLN: 1N1&2 2O, Tox21_202013, Tox21_303216, Ethanamine,2'-oxybis[N,N-dimethyl-, Ethylamine,2'-oxybis[N,N-dimethyl-, MFCD00059199, NSC109887, bis[2-(n,n-dimethylamino)ethyl]ether, AKOS006220473, di-[2-(n,n-dimethylaminoethyl)]ether, NCGC00164210-01, NCGC00164210-02, NCGC00257033-01, NCGC00259562-01, Bis-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl] ether, BS-22895, B1291, CS-0077112, FT-0623004, NS00005315, Bis[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl] ether, 97%, EN300-205166, BIS (2-DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL) ETHER [HSDB], N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYLBISAMINOETHYL ETHER, A820326, J-017914, J-519864, Q20965408, F0001-0931, Z276157630, N-(2-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethyl)-N,N-dimethylamine #, 2,2'-Oxybis(N,N-dimethylethanamine) (Bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl] Ether; N,N

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether soluble in water, easily soluble in alcohol, benzene, etc.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether appears as a clear or yellow liquid. Bp: 188°C.
Toxic by inhalation, by skin absorption, ingestion, and eye contact.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is a tridentate ligand.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether assists in the formation and stabilization of intermediates during the exchange reactions.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can act as a catalyst or a chain extender in polymerization reactions, particularly in the production of polyurethanes and epoxy resins.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as an ion-pairing agent in analytical chemistry techniques, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), to enhance the separation and detection of certain analytes.
In some formulations, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether serves as a crosslinking agent, contributing to the formation of three-dimensional networks in polymers and coatings, improving their mechanical properties and chemical resistance.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may act as a catalyst or co-catalyst in certain organic reactions, such as Michael addition reactions, Mannich reactions, and reductive amination reactions.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is added as an additive to modify solvent properties, such as polarity and viscosity, to suit specific applications in chemical processes.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as an additive to improve combustion efficiency, reduce emissions, and enhance fuel stability.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is also utilized in research laboratories for various experimental purposes, including chemical synthesis, catalysis studies, and material science research.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is employed as a crosslinking agent in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether helps to create strong bonds between polymer chains, improving the adhesion and cohesion of the final product.

In the textile industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as a finishing agent for fabrics.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can impart desirable properties to textiles, such as wrinkle resistance, flame retardancy, and color fastness.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether finds application in leather processing as a tanning agent or a crosslinking agent in leather finishes.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether helps to improve the durability, flexibility, and water resistance of leather products.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as an additive in diesel exhaust fluids (DEF) to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in diesel engines.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether reacts with NOx to convert it into harmless nitrogen and water vapor.

In the paper manufacturing process, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a wet-strength resin additive.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether improves the strength and durability of paper products, especially in wet conditions, such as tissue paper and paper towels.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be included in cosmetics and personal care products as a pH adjuster or buffering agent to maintain the desired pH level of formulations, ensuring product stability and skin compatibility.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as a scavenger for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in various industrial processes, such as natural gas purification, petroleum refining, and wastewater treatment, helping to reduce odor and corrosion issues.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be employed in water treatment applications as a chelating agent to remove heavy metal ions from water, improving water quality and reducing environmental pollution.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is sometimes added to plastics, coatings, and textiles as an antistatic agent to prevent static electricity buildup and reduce surface conductivity.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether serves as a reagent in chemical laboratories for various analytical and synthetic purposes, including organic synthesis, coordination chemistry, and molecular biology applications.
In the paper recycling industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as a deinking agent to remove ink from recycled paper pulp, facilitating the production of high-quality recycled paper products.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a fire retardant additive in certain materials, such as textiles, plastics, and coatings, to improve their fire resistance and meet safety standards.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be added to antifreeze formulations to lower the freezing point of water-based solutions, preventing the formation of ice and protecting engines and cooling systems from cold temperatures.
Due to its hygroscopic properties, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as a humidity indicator in certain products or packaging materials, changing color or appearance in response to changes in relative humidity.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can act as a preservative in certain formulations, helping to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be employed as a deicing agent on roads, sidewalks, and airport runways to melt ice and snow, improving traction and safety during winter weather conditions.

Boiling point: 189 °C/760 mmHg
Density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor pressure: 49Pa at 20℃
refractive index: n 20/D 1.430
Flash point: 151 °F
storage temp.: Keep in dark place,Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
solubility: Soluble in water
form: clear liquid
pka: 9.12±0.28(Predicted)
color: Colorless to Light yellow
Viscosity: 1.53mm2/s
Water Solubility: 100g/L at 20℃
BRN: 1739668
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 0.05 ppm; STEL 0.15 ppm (Skin)
InChIKey: GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: -0.34 at 20℃

Reaction of V and SO3 or chlorosulfonic acid.
Reaction of Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether with dichloroethyl ether or dimethylaminoethoxyethyl ether.
One-step synthesis of Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether under solid catalyst.

In certain formulations, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can act as a surfactant or wetting agent, facilitating the dispersion of particles and improving the wetting properties of surfaces.
Due to its hygroscopic nature, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used in some applications where moisture absorption or control is necessary, such as in certain industrial processes or hygroscopic formulations.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether exhibits antimicrobial properties and can be incorporated into products like disinfectants, sanitizers, and antimicrobial coatings to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and prevent contamination.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is employed in gas treatment processes, such as gas purification or scrubbing, to remove impurities like hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), or sulfur dioxide (SO2) from gas streams.
In metalworking fluids, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can serve as a corrosion inhibitor or lubricity enhancer, improving the performance and longevity of metalworking processes like cutting, grinding, or machining.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is sometimes added to coolant formulations to improve heat transfer properties and prevent corrosion in cooling systems, such as automotive radiators or industrial heat exchangers.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as a humectant in certain formulations, particularly in skincare or haircare products, to help retain moisture and prevent drying of the skin or hair.
In the mining industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be employed as a flotation agent in ore processing to selectively separate valuable minerals from gangue materials based on their hydrophobicity.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a softening agent in textile finishing processes to impart a soft and smooth hand feel to fabrics.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be added to electrolyte solutions, such as those used in batteries or electrochemical processes, to improve conductivity and electrolyte performance.
In gasoline formulations, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be used as an additive to enhance fuel stability, improve combustion efficiency, and reduce engine emissions.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can serve as an admixture in concrete formulations to improve workability, reduce water requirements, and enhance the strength and durability of concrete structures.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether reacts as a base.
Reacts exothermically with acids.
May form explosive peroxides upon exposure to the air.

The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.
Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier.
Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

In the photographic industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be used as a developing agent or additive in photographic processing solutions to enhance image development and quality.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be added to hydraulic fluids to improve their lubricating properties, reduce friction and wear in hydraulic systems, and enhance overall performance and efficiency.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a flame retardant additive in certain materials, such as plastics, textiles, and foams, to reduce the risk of ignition and slow down the spread of flames in fire situations.

In some food applications, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be used as a pH regulator, buffering agent, or processing aid, ensuring proper pH levels and enhancing product stability.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be incorporated into agricultural formulations, such as pesticides or fertilizers, to improve their dispersibility, compatibility, and effectiveness in crop protection or nutrient delivery.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be included in air freshener formulations to neutralize odors and impart pleasant fragrances to indoor environments.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether serves as a metal chelator or sequestering agent in certain industrial processes to prevent the precipitation of metal ions, reduce scale formation, and minimize corrosion.
In the rubber industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be added to rubber compounds as a processing aid, plasticizer, or vulcanization accelerator to improve rubber properties and processing characteristics.

Uses:
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is an efficient tertiary amine catalyst, which is suitable for the production of almost all foam products, mainly for the production of flexible foam products, especially for high resilience and RIM products.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is characterized by high catalytic activity, smooth foaming, large tolerance to tin, easy to adjust the formulation, and the physical and chemical properties of products produced with it, such as resilience and elongation, are better than other products.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether exhibits antimicrobial properties and can be incorporated into products like disinfectants, sanitizers, and antimicrobial coatings to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and prevent contamination.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is employed in gas treatment processes, such as gas purification or scrubbing, to remove impurities like hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), or sulfur dioxide (SO2) from gas streams.
In metalworking fluids, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can serve as a corrosion inhibitor or lubricity enhancer, improving the performance and longevity of metalworking processes like cutting, grinding, or machining.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is sometimes added to coolant formulations to improve heat transfer properties and prevent corrosion in cooling systems, such as automotive radiators or industrial heat exchangers.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as a humectant in certain formulations, particularly in skincare or haircare products, to help retain moisture and prevent drying of the skin or hair.
In the mining industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be employed as a flotation agent in ore processing to selectively separate valuable minerals from gangue materials based on their hydrophobicity.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a softening agent in textile finishing processes to impart a soft and smooth hand feel to fabrics.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be added to electrolyte solutions, such as those used in batteries or electrochemical processes, to improve conductivity and electrolyte performance.
In gasoline formulations, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be used as an additive to enhance fuel stability, improve combustion efficiency, and reduce engine emissions.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can serve as an admixture in concrete formulations to improve workability, reduce water requirements, and enhance the strength and durability of concrete structures.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used in the manufacturing of flexible polyurethane foams.
As a high-efficiency tertiary amine catalyst, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is suitable for the production of almost all foam plastic products, mainly for the production of flexible foam products, especially suitable for high resilience and RIM products.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is characterized by large catalytic activity, smooth foaming, large tolerance to tin, easy to adjust the formula, and the physical and chemical properties of products produced with it, such as rebound rate and elongation, are superior to other products.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a catalyst or co-catalyst in various organic reactions, such as Michael addition reactions, Mannich reactions, and reductive amination reactions.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can act as a catalyst or chain extender in polymerization reactions, particularly in the production of polyurethanes and epoxy resins.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as an ion-pairing agent in analytical chemistry techniques, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), to enhance the separation and detection of certain analytes.

In certain formulations, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether serves as a crosslinking agent, contributing to the formation of three-dimensional networks in polymers and coatings, improving their mechanical properties and chemical resistance.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is employed in gas treatment processes, such as gas purification or scrubbing, to remove impurities like hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), or sulfur dioxide (SO2) from gas streams.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as a crosslinking agent in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, improving the adhesion and cohesion of the final product.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used as a finishing agent for fabrics in the textile industry, imparting desirable properties such as wrinkle resistance, flame retardancy, and color fastness.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether finds application in leather processing as a tanning agent or a crosslinking agent in leather finishes, improving the durability and water resistance of leather products.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be employed in water treatment applications as a chelating agent to remove heavy metal ions from water, improving water quality and reducing environmental pollution.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is added to plastics, coatings, and textiles as an antistatic agent to prevent static electricity buildup and reduce surface conductivity.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether serves as a reagent in chemical laboratories for various analytical and synthetic purposes, including organic synthesis, coordination chemistry, and molecular biology applications.

In the paper recycling industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as a deinking agent to remove ink from recycled paper pulp, facilitating the production of high-quality recycled paper products.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is utilized as a fire retardant additive in materials such as textiles, plastics, and coatings to improve their fire resistance and meet safety standards.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether acts as a surfactant or wetting agent, facilitating the dispersion of particles and improving the wetting properties of surfaces.

Due to its hygroscopic nature, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether is used in applications where moisture absorption or control is necessary, such as in certain industrial processes or hygroscopic formulations.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether acts as a preservative in certain formulations, helping to extend the shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be employed as a deicing agent on roads, sidewalks, and airport runways to melt ice and snow, improving traction and safety during winter weather conditions.

In the photographic industry, Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may be used as a developing agent or additive in photographic processing solutions to enhance image development and quality.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be used as a humidity indicator in certain products or packaging materials, changing color or appearance in response to changes in relative humidity.

Safety Profile:
Poison by skin contact.
Moderately toxic by ingestion.
Experimental reproductiveeffects.

A severe skin and eye irritant.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact or inhalation.
Prolonged or repeated exposure may lead to dermatitis, redness, itching, or respiratory irritation.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether has the potential to sensitize individuals upon repeated exposure, leading to allergic reactions such as allergic dermatitis or respiratory sensitization.
Ingestion or inhalation of Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether in large quantities may cause systemic toxicity, affecting various organs and systems in the body.
Symptoms of toxicity may include nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, or central nervous system depression.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may pose environmental hazards if released into the environment.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether can be harmful to aquatic organisms and may persist in the environment, leading to long-term ecological impacts.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether itself is not highly flammable, it may contribute to the flammability of surrounding materials if involved in a fire.

Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether should be stored away from sources of ignition and combustible materials.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether may react with certain chemicals or materials under specific conditions, leading to the generation of hazardous by-products or increased fire or explosion risks.

Storage and Handling:
Proper storage and handling of Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether are essential to minimize risks.
Tetramethylbis(aminoethyl)ether should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials, sources of heat, and direct sunlight.
Personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection, should be worn when handling this substance.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a colorless to yellowish transparent liquid with fishy odor.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-emitting amine balanced catalyst, which is slightly selective for urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.

CAS Number: 6711-48-4
EC Number: 229-761-9
MDL Number: MFCD00014880
Linear Formula: HN[(CH2)3N(CH3)2]2
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3

SYNONYMS:
FENTACAT 15, PC15, tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Tetramethyl dippropylene triamine, Tetramethyl-1,3-Propylenetriamine, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, N,N-BIS-(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, 3,3'-BIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)-DIPROPYLAMINE, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3,3'-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 3,3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, N,N,N',N'—tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, 3,3'-imino pairs (N,N-dimethyl propylamine), Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N′-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamin, 1,3-Propanediamine, N-3-(dimethylamino)propyl-N,N-dimethyl-, 3-Propanediamine,N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, PC15, 3,3'-BIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)-DIPROPYLAMINE, 3,3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), BIS(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, LUPRAGEN(R) N 109, N,N-BIS-(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3-Propanediamine,N’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, n,n,n’,n’-tetramethyl-dipropylenetriamin, n,n,n’,n’-tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N’-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, n’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n-dimethyl-3-propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyliminobis(propylamine), 1,3-Propanediamine, N-3-(dimethylamino)propyl-N,N-dimethyl-, tetramethyliminobis-(propylamine), bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, fentamine tmbpa, lupragen(r) n 109, bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amin, polycat-15, tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, 3,3&prime, jeffcat z 130, bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, FENTACAT 15, N,N,N',N'—tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N-Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propylamine, 3,3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, DTXSID7044974, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 97%, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, CS-W016846, W-104730, AKOS000120187, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethyl-propylamine), CW8R6R660G, NCGC00256130-01, 3,3&priMe,Polycat-15,FENTACAT 15,Jeffcat Z 130,FENTAMINE TMBPA,LUPRAGEN(R) N 109,Niax* Catalyst C-15,tetramethyldipropylenetriamine,Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amin,-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine Iodide, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, DTXSID7044974, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 97%, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, CS-W016846, W-104730, AKOS000120187, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethyl-propylamine), CW8R6R660G, NCGC00256130-01, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N-BIS-(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3-Propanediamine,N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyl dippropylene triamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 3,3'-imino pairs (N,N-dimethyl propylamine), Tetramethyl-1,3-Propylenetriamine, tetramethyliminobispropylamine, Tetramethyl dipropylenetriamine, 1,1,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazanonane, 2,10-Dimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, 3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′,N′-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, (3-[[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]propyl)dimethylamine, N3-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 3,3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), N1-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine,N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine,N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, Dipropylamine,3,3′-bis(dimethylamino)-, 1,3-Propanediamine,N′-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N3-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane,2,10-dimethyl-, Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3,3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 2,10-Dimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, N′-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Polycat 70/15, Polycat 15, 1,1,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazanonane, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, N,N-Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), NSC 129937, Jeffcat Z 130, Z 130, Polycat 9, N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′,N′-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, Zeffcat Z 130, N,N,N′′,N′′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, CT 18L, ZR 50B, PC 9, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, PC 15, (3-[[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]propyl)dimethylamine, 86003-72-7, 136363-31-0, 1467059-84-2, 1,3-Propanediamine, N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, Dipropylamine, 3,3′-bis(dimethylamino)-, 1,3-Propanediamine, N′-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N3-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3,3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 2,10-Dimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, N′-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Polycat 70/15, Polycat 15, 1,1,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazanonane, N,N,N′,N′ Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, N,N-Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), NSC 129937, Jeffcat Z 130, Z 130, Polycat 9, N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′,N′-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, Zeffcat Z 130, N,N,N′′,N′′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, CT 18L, ZR 50B, PC 9, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, PC 15, (3-[[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]propyl)dimethylamine, TMDPT, 6711-48-4, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, N1-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine,N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, CW8R6R660G, DTXSID7044974, 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, Bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amine, NSC-129937, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N'-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine, N3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-, n,n-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, N,N-BIS(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)AMINE, EINECS 229-761-9, NSC 129937, BRN 0635876, UNII-CW8R6R660G, N'-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, AI3-16566, EC 229-761-9,
ZEFFCAT Z 130, Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, SCHEMBL15859, 3-04-00-00565 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), bis(dimethylaminopropyl) amine, CHEMBL28766, DTXCID5024974, 3,3 inverted exclamation marka-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), bis-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-amine, STR10731, N,N-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Tox21_301691, MFCD00014880, NSC129937, Dipropylamine,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, AKOS000120187, CS-W016846, N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, 2,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, NCGC00256130-01, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethyl-propylamine),
Dipropylenetriamine,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, CAS-6711-48-4, 3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), FT-0656639, I0939, NS00006959, EN300-20673, 2,10-DIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 97%, F20331, N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYLIMINOBISPROPYLAMINE, 1, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N'-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,3-propanediamine, 1,1,9,9-TETRAMETHYL-1,5,9-TRIAZANONANE, W-104730, Q27275858, N-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N-BIS-(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3-Propanediamine,N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyl dippropylene triamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 3,3'-imino pairs (N,N-dimethyl propylamine), Tetramethyl-1,3-Propylenetriamine, tetramethyliminobispropylamine, Tetramethyl dipropylenetriamine, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine,

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-emissive amine equilibrium catalyst, with slight selectivity to urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, with the chemical formula C10H25N3, has the CAS number 6711-48-4.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine appears as a colorless liquid with a faint odor.
The basic structure of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine consists of two N,N-dimethylpropylamine groups connected by an imine group.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine has a slight selectivity towards the urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface cure in flexible molded systems.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there will be no volatile emissions.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is soluble in water.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a neutral form of the activated amine.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine has been shown to be biodegradable in aerobic soil environments.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is also a reactive compound with functional groups that can be introduced into natural compounds.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-emissive balanced amine catalyst.
Due to its reactive hydrogen, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine readily reacts into the polymer matrix.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-emitting amine balanced catalyst, which is slightly selective for urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a biochemical for proteomics research
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there is no volatile emissions.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface curing properties of soft molding systems, which can be used in rigid polyurethane systems requiring smooth reaction characteristics.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a colorless to yellowish transparent liquid with fishy odor.
Relative density of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is 0.84(20 deg C), boiling point of 220-223 deg C, freezing point -75 deg C, soluble in water, alkaline, product purity is generally greater than or equal to 99.0%.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface curability of soft molding systems, and can be used in rigid polyurethane systems that require smooth reaction characteristics.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in the field of pharmaceuticals.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine's purpose in this field involves its use as a reagent or intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.
The mechanism of action in pharmaceutical applications of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine varies depending on the specific compound being synthesized.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-emissive amine equilibrium catalyst, with slight selectivity to urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-spray amine balanced catalyst with slight selectivity for urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there is no volatile emissions.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface curability of the soft molding system and can be used in a rigid polyurethane system requiring smooth reaction characteristics.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a non-emissive amine equilibrium catalyst with slight selectivity to the reaction of urea (isocyanate-water).

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine contains active hydrogen, so it easily reacts into the polymer matrix, so there will be no volatile emissions.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there will be no volatile emissions.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface curability of soft molding systems, and can be used in rigid polyurethane systems that require smooth reaction characteristics middle.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface curability of soft molding systems, and can be used in rigid polyurethane systems that require smooth reaction characteristics.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used for spray foam insulation, flexible slabstock, packaging foam, automotive instrument panels and other application that need to improve surface cure/ reduces skinning property and improved surface appearance.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine may be used in the synthesis of dimeric quaternary alkylammonium conjugates of sterols as nitrogen containing tridentate lignand in the preparation of [3,3′-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine)](4′-methoxyflavonolato)zinc(II) perchlorate complex in the preparation of 2-[[[N,N-bis[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl]amino]carbonyl]-1-methyl-4-nitropyrrole and 3-(9-anthracenyl)- N,N-bis[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl]-5-methyl-4-isoxazole carboxamide

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is an important chemical raw materials, can be used as polyurethane catalyst, epoxy resin curing agent, epoxy accelerator and used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates and surfactants.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is a reactive catalyst to promote surface curing.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is mainly used as a low-odor reactive catalyst with active hydrogen group for polyurethane foam.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine can be used in rigid polyurethane systems where a smooth reaction profile is required.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine promotes the surface cure/ reduces skinning property and improved surface appearance.

Other release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in the following products: polymers and adhesives and sealants.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in the following areas: mining and building & construction work.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and machinery and vehicles.

Other release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is mainly used for molding soft and semi-rigid foam, and also used for Polyether polyurethane soft block foam and polyurethane CASE materials.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in the following products: polymers, coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used in the following areas: mining and building & construction work.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as processing aid and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine is used as a corrosion inhibitor for zirconium oxide and other materials.

PROPERTIES AND USAGE OF TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamineis a non-emissive amine equilibrium catalyst, with slight selectivity to urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there will be no volatile emissions.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine improves the surface curability of soft molding systems, and can be used in rigid polyurethane systems that require smooth reaction characteristics.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
CAS: 6711-48-4
EINECS: 229-761-9
InChI: InChI=1/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3
Molar Mass: 187.33
Density: 0.841 g/mL at 25°C (lit.)
Melting Point: −78°C (lit.)
Boiling Point: 128-131°C at 20 mm Hg (lit.)
Flash Point: 209°F
Water Solubility: 425 g/L at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: 30 Pa at 20°C
Appearance: Clear liquid
Color: Colorless to Almost colorless

pKa: 10.40±0.19 (Predicted)
Storage Condition: Keep in dark place, Inert atmosphere, Room temperature
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.449 (lit.)
Density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 128-131 °C20 mm Hg(lit.)
Flash Point: 209 ºF
Melting Point: -78 °C(lit.)
Refractive index: n20D 1.449(lit.)
CAS No.: 6711-48-4
EINECS: 229-761-9
Formula: HN[(CH2)3N(CH3)2]2
Molecular Weight:187.33
Melting point: −78 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 128-131 °C20 mm Hg(lit.)
density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure: 30Pa@20°C
refractive index: n20/D 1.449(lit.)
Fp: 209 °F
storage temp.: Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature
solubility: soluble in Chloroform, Methanol
form: clear liquid
pka: 10.40±0.19(Predicted)
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility: 425g/L@20°C
LogP: 0.214 at 21.7℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6711-48-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: 1,3-Propanediamine,
N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl- (6711-48-4)
Physical state: liquid

Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -78 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 128 - 131 °C at 27 hPa - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 98 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,841 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
IUPAC Name: N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine
Canonical SMILES: CN(C)CCCNCCCN(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
InChI Key: BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling Point: 114 ℃ / 15 mmHg
Flash Point: 98 °C
Purity: > 97.0 % (GC) (T)
Density: 0.841 g/mLat25 ℃(lit.)
Appearance: Colorless to brown liquid
Refractive Index: 1.45
LogP: 0.87030
XLogP3: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 187.204847810 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 187.204847810 g/mol

Topological Polar Surface Area: 18.5Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 90.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Melting point: −78 °C(lit.)

Boiling point: 128-131 °C20 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 30Pa at 20℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.449(lit.)
Flash point: 209 °F
storage temp.: Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature
solubility: soluble in Chloroform, Methanol
form: clear liquid
pka: 10.40±0.19(Predicted)
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Viscosity: 3.244mm2/s
Water Solubility: 425g/L at 20℃

LogP: 0.214 at 21.7℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6711-48-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: CW8R6R660G
EPA Substance Registry System: 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl- (6711-48-4)
IUPAC Name: N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine;
Molecular Weight: 187.331g/mol
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3;
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3;
InChI Key: BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
Complexity: 90.3
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
EC Number: 229-761-9

Exact Mass: 187.205g/mol
H-Bond Acceptor: 3
H-Bond Donor: 1
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Monoisotopic Mass: 187.205g/mol
NSC Number: 129937
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Topological Polar Surface Area: 18.5A^2
UNII: CW8R6R660G
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3
Molecular Weight: 187.3256

InChI: InChI=1/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
CAS Registry Number: 6711-48-4
EINECS: 229-761-9
Molecular Structure: 6711-48-4 3,3'-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine)
Density: 0.863g/cm3
Boiling point: 239.4°C at 760 mmHg
Refractive index: 1.46
Flash point: 98.3°C
Vapour Pressure: 0.0402mmHg at 25°C
Molecular Weight：187.326
Exact Mass：187.33

EC Number：229-761-9
UNII：CW8R6R660G
NSC Number：129937
DSSTox ID：DTXSID7044974
HScode：2921290000
PSA：18.51000
XLogP3：0.6
Appearance：Liquid
Density：0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Melting Point：−78 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point：128-131 °C @ Press: 20 Torr
Flash Point：98.3±0.0 °C
Refractive Index：1.460

Molecular Weight: 187.33
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3
Canonical SMILES: CN(C)CCCNCCCN(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
InChI Key: BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point: 114 ℃ / 15 mmHg
Flash Point: 98 °C
Purity: > 97.0 % (GC) (T)
Density: 0.841 g/mLat25 ℃(lit.)
Appearance: Colorless to brown liquid
MDL: MFCD00014880
LogP: 0.87030
Refractive Index: 1.45

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,2 mm
Break through time: 60 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take normal measures for preventive fire protection.
*Hygiene measures:
Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also a reactive compound with functional groups that can be introduced into natural compounds.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) appears as a colorless liquid with a faint odor.

CAS Number: 6711-48-4
EC Number: 229-761-9
Linear Formula: HN[(CH2)3N(CH3)2]2
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3

PC15, 3,3'-BIS(DIMETHYLAMINO)-DIPROPYLAMINE, 3,3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), BIS(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, LUPRAGEN(R) N 109, N,N-BIS-(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3-Propanediamine,N’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, n,n,n’,n’-tetramethyl-dipropylenetriamin, n,n,n’,n’-tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N’-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, n’-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n-dimethyl-3-propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyliminobis(propylamine), 1,3-Propanediamine, N-3-(dimethylamino)propyl-N,N-dimethyl-, tetramethyliminobis-(propylamine), bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, fentamine tmbpa, lupragen(r) n 109, bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amin, polycat-15, tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, 3,3&prime, jeffcat z 130, bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, FENTACAT 15, N,N,N',N'—tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N-Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propylamine, 3,3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, DTXSID7044974, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 97%, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, CS-W016846, W-104730, AKOS000120187, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethyl-propylamine), CW8R6R660G, NCGC00256130-01, 3,3&priMe,Polycat-15,FENTACAT 15,Jeffcat Z 130,FENTAMINE TMBPA,LUPRAGEN(R) N 109,Niax* Catalyst C-15,tetramethyldipropylenetriamine,Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amin,-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine Iodide, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, DTXSID7044974, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 97%, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, CS-W016846, W-104730, AKOS000120187, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethyl-propylamine), CW8R6R660G, NCGC00256130-01, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N-BIS-(3-DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL)AMINE, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 3-Propanediamine,N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyl dippropylene triamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 3,3'-imino pairs (N,N-dimethyl propylamine), Tetramethyl-1,3-Propylenetriamine, tetramethyliminobispropylamine, Tetramethyl dipropylenetriamine, 1,1,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazanonane, 2,10-Dimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, 3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′,N′-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, (3-[[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]propyl)dimethylamine, N3-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 3,3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), N1-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine,N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine,N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, Dipropylamine,3,3′-bis(dimethylamino)-, 1,3-Propanediamine,N′-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N3-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane,2,10-dimethyl-, Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3,3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 2,10-Dimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, N′-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Polycat 70/15, Polycat 15, 1,1,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazanonane, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, N,N-Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), NSC 129937, Jeffcat Z 130, Z 130, Polycat 9, N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′,N′-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, Zeffcat Z 130, N,N,N′′,N′′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, CT 18L, ZR 50B, PC 9, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, PC 15, (3-[[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]propyl)dimethylamine, 86003-72-7, 136363-31-0, 1467059-84-2, 1,3-Propanediamine, N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, Dipropylamine, 3,3′-bis(dimethylamino)-, 1,3-Propanediamine, N′-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N3-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3,3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 2,10-Dimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane, N′-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Polycat 70/15, Polycat 15, 1,1,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazanonane, N,N,N′,N′ Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, N,N-Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, 3′-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), NSC 129937, Jeffcat Z 130, Z 130, Polycat 9, N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′,N′-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, Zeffcat Z 130, N,N,N′′,N′′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, CT 18L, ZR 50B, PC 9, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, PC 15, (3-[[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]amino]propyl)dimethylamine, TMDPT, 6711-48-4, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), Bis-(dimethylaminopropyl)amine, N1-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, Bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, Bis(3-dimethylamino-1-propyl)amine, Dipropylamine, 3,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, 2,6,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine,N3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N1,N1-dimethyl-, Bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, Dipropylenetriamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, (3-{[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}propyl)dimethylamine, CW8R6R660G, DTXSID7044974, 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, Bis(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amine, NSC-129937, N'-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, N'-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1,3-Propanediamine, N3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N1,N1-dimethyl-, n,n-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]amine, N,N-BIS(3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PROPYL)AMINE, EINECS 229-761-9, NSC 129937, BRN 0635876, UNII-CW8R6R660G, N'-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine, AI3-16566, EC 229-761-9,
ZEFFCAT Z 130, Tetramethyliminobispropylamine, SCHEMBL15859, 3-04-00-00565 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), bis(dimethylaminopropyl) amine, CHEMBL28766, DTXCID5024974, 3,3 inverted exclamation marka-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), bis-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-amine, STR10731, N,N-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)amine, Tox21_301691, MFCD00014880, NSC129937, Dipropylamine,3'-bis(dimethylamino)-, AKOS000120187, CS-W016846, N,N',N'-Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine, 2,10-Triazaundecane, 2,10-dimethyl-, NCGC00256130-01, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethyl-propylamine),
Dipropylenetriamine,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, CAS-6711-48-4, 3'-IMINOBIS(N,N-DIMETHYLPROPYLAMINE), FT-0656639, I0939, NS00006959, EN300-20673, 2,10-DIMETHYL-2,6,10-TRIAZAUNDECANE, 3,3'-Iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine), 97%, F20331, N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYLIMINOBISPROPYLAMINE, 1, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-, N'-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-N,3-propanediamine, 1,1,9,9-TETRAMETHYL-1,5,9-TRIAZANONANE, W-104730,
Q27275858, N-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine,

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT), with the chemical formula C10H25N3, has the CAS number 6711-48-4.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) appears as a colorless liquid with a faint odor.
The basic structure of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) consists of two N,N-dimethylpropylamine groups connected by an imine group.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is soluble in water.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is a neutral form of the activated amine.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) has been shown to be biodegradable in aerobic soil environments.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also a reactive compound with functional groups that can be introduced into natural compounds.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is a non-emissive balanced amine catalyst.
Due to its reactive hydrogen, Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) readily reacts into the polymer matrix.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) has a slight selectivity towards the urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) improves the surface cure in flexible molded systems.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is a biochemical for proteomics research
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is mainly used as a low-odor reactive catalyst with active hydrogen group for polyurethane foam.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) can be used in rigid polyurethane systems where a smooth reaction profile is required.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) promotes the surface cure/ reduces skinning property and improved surface appearance.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used for spray foam insulation, flexible slabstock, packaging foam, automotive instrument panels and other application that need to improve surface cure/ reduces skinning property and improved surface appearance.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) may be used in the synthesis of dimeric quaternary alkylammonium conjugates of sterols as nitrogen containing tridentate lignand in the preparation of [3,3′-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine)](4′-methoxyflavonolato)zinc(II) perchlorate complex in the preparation of 2-[[[N,N-bis[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl]amino]carbonyl]-1-methyl-4-nitropyrrole and 3-(9-anthracenyl)- N,N-bis[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl]-5-methyl-4-isoxazole carboxamide

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in the field of pharmaceuticals.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT)'s purpose in this field involves its use as a reagent or intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.
The mechanism of action in pharmaceutical applications of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) varies depending on the specific compound being synthesized.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is a non-spray amine balanced catalyst with slight selectivity for urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there is no volatile emissions.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) improves the surface curability of the soft molding system and can be used in a rigid polyurethane system requiring smooth reaction characteristics.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is a non-emissive amine equilibrium catalyst with slight selectivity to the reaction of urea (isocyanate-water).

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) contains active hydrogen, so it easily reacts into the polymer matrix, so there will be no volatile emissions.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) improves the surface curability of soft molding systems, and can be used in rigid polyurethane systems that require smooth reaction characteristics middle.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) can occur from industrial use: of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release.

Other release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in the following products: polymers and adhesives and sealants.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in the following areas: mining and building & construction work.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and machinery and vehicles.

Other release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives).
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and polymers.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.
Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in the following products: polymers, coating products and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used in the following areas: mining and building & construction work.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used for the manufacture of: plastic products and machinery and vehicles.
Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as processing aid and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates).

Release to the environment of Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a novel class of anticancer agents called antracenylisoxazole lexitropsin conjugates.

Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is also part of a group of stabilizers (Hindered Amino Stabilizers) that prevent the thermo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) is used as a corrosion inhibitor for zirconium oxide and other materials.

PROPERTIES AND USAGE OF TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT)is a non-emissive amine equilibrium catalyst, with slight selectivity to urea (isocyanate-water) reaction.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) contains active hydrogen, so it is easy to react into the polymer matrix, so there will be no volatile emissions.
Tetramethyldipropylenetriamine (TMDPT) improves the surface curability of soft molding systems, and can be used in rigid polyurethane systems that require smooth reaction characteristics.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
Density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 128-131 °C20 mm Hg(lit.)
Flash Point: 209 ºF
Melting Point: -78 °C(lit.)
Refractive index: n20D 1.449(lit.)
CAS No.: 6711-48-4
EINECS: 229-761-9
Formula: HN[(CH2)3N(CH3)2]2
Molecular Weight:187.33
Melting point: −78 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 128-131 °C20 mm Hg(lit.)
density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 30Pa@20°C
refractive index: n20/D 1.449(lit.)
Fp: 209 °F

storage temp.: Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature
solubility: soluble in Chloroform, Methanol
form: clear liquid
pka: 10.40±0.19(Predicted)
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility: 425g/L@20°C
LogP: 0.214 at 21.7℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6711-48-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl- (6711-48-4)
Physical state: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: -78 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 128 - 131 °C at 27 hPa - lit.

Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 98 °C - closed cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 0,841 g/cm3 at 25 °C - lit.

Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
IUPAC Name: N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine
Canonical SMILES: CN(C)CCCNCCCN(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
InChI Key: BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point: 114 ℃ / 15 mmHg
Flash Point: 98 °C
Purity: > 97.0 % (GC) (T)

Density: 0.841 g/mLat25 ℃(lit.)
Appearance: Colorless to brown liquid
Refractive Index: 1.45
LogP: 0.87030
XLogP3: 0.6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Exact Mass: 187.204847810 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 187.204847810 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 18.5Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 90.3

Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Melting point: −78 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 128-131 °C20 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.841 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 30Pa at 20℃
refractive index: n20/D 1.449(lit.)

Flash point: 209 °F
storage temp.: Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature
solubility: soluble in Chloroform, Methanol
form: clear liquid
pka: 10.40±0.19(Predicted)
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
Viscosity: 3.244mm2/s
Water Solubility: 425g/L at 20℃
LogP: 0.214 at 21.7℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 6711-48-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores: 1
FDA UNII: CW8R6R660G

EPA Substance Registry System: 1,3-Propanediamine, N'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N-dimethyl- (6711-48-4)
IUPAC Name: N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine;
Molecular Weight: 187.331g/mol
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3;
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3;
InChI Key: BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
Complexity: 90.3
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
EC Number: 229-761-9
Exact Mass: 187.205g/mol
H-Bond Acceptor: 3
H-Bond Donor: 1
Heavy Atom Count: 13

Monoisotopic Mass: 187.205g/mol
NSC Number: 129937
Rotatable Bond Count: 8
Topological Polar Surface Area: 18.5A^2
UNII: CW8R6R660G
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3
Molecular Weight: 187.3256
InChI: InChI=1/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
CAS Registry Number: 6711-48-4
EINECS: 229-761-9
Molecular Structure: 6711-48-4 3,3'-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine)

Density: 0.863g/cm3
Boiling point: 239.4°C at 760 mmHg
Refractive index: 1.46
Flash point: 98.3°C
Vapour Pressure: 0.0402mmHg at 25°C
Molecular Weight：187.326
Exact Mass：187.33
EC Number：229-761-9
UNII：CW8R6R660G
NSC Number：129937
DSSTox ID：DTXSID7044974
HScode：2921290000
PSA：18.51000
XLogP3：0.6
Appearance：Liquid
Density：0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Melting Point：−78 °C(lit.)

Boiling Point：128-131 °C @ Press: 20 Torr
Flash Point：98.3±0.0 °C
Refractive Index：1.460
Molecular Weight: 187.33
Molecular Formula: C10H25N3
Canonical SMILES: CN(C)CCCNCCCN(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H25N3/c1-12(2)9-5-7-11-8-6-10-13(3)4/h11H,5-10H2,1-4H3
InChI Key: BXYVQNNEFZOBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point: 114 ℃ / 15 mmHg
Flash Point: 98 °C
Purity: > 97.0 % (GC) (T)
Density: 0.841 g/mLat25 ℃(lit.)
Appearance: Colorless to brown liquid
MDL: MFCD00014880
LogP: 0.87030
Refractive Index: 1.45

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,4 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,2 mm
Break through time: 60 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Take normal measures for preventive fire protection.
*Hygiene measures:
Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAMETHYLDIPROPYLENETRIAMINE (TMDPT):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

DESCRIPTION:

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a class of organosulfur compounds with the formula (R2NCSS)2.
Many examples are known, but popular ones include R = Me and R = Et.
They are disulfides obtained by oxidation of the dithiocarbamates.

CAS Number: 137-26-8
EC Number:205-286-2
Molecular Weight: 240.43
Linear Formula: (CH3)2NCSS2CSN(CH3)2

These compounds are used in sulfur vulcanization of rubber as well as in the manufacture of pesticides and drugs.
They are typically white or pale yellow solids that are soluble in organic solvents.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat and pesticide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is also used in the processing of rubber and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be found in products such as seed disinfectants, antiseptic sprays, animal repellents, insecticides, wood preservatives, some soaps, rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of this chemical

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide appears as a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Primary hazard is to the environment.
Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide Easily penetrates the soil to contaminates groundwater and waterways.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has a role as an antibacterial drug, an antiseptic drug and an antifungal agrochemical.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide contains a dimethyldithiocarbamate.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is functionally related to a dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may be used in dermatology as a scabicide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is mainly used as a fungicide for plants and treatment for seeds, however, this use is being investigated for safety in many markets including Canada.

PREPARATION, STRUCTURE, REACTIONS OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide are prepared by oxidizing the salts of the corresponding dithiocarbamates (e.g. sodium diethyldithiocarbamate).
Typical oxidants employed include chlorine and hydrogen peroxide:
2 R2NCSSNa + Cl2 → (R2NCSS)2 + 2 NaCl

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide react with Grignard reagents to give esters of dithiocarbamic acid, as in the preparation of methyl dimethyldithiocarbamate:
[Me2NC(S)S]2 + MeMgX → Me2NC(S)SMe + Me2NCS2MgX

The compounds feature planar dithiocarbamate subunits and are linked by an S−S bond of 2.00 Å.
The C(S)−N bond is short (1.33 Å), indicative of multiple bonding.
The dihedral angle between the two dithiocarbamate subunits approaches 90°.
Structure of tetramethylthiuram disulfide, emphasizing the 90º dihedral angle between the two planar subunits

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfides are weak oxidants.

They can be reduced to dithiocarbamates.
Treatment of a thiuram disulfide with triphenylphosphine, or with cyanide salts, yields the corresponding thiuram sulfide:
(R2NCSS)2 + PPh3 → (R2NCS)2S + SPPh3

Chlorination of thiuram disulfide affords the thiocarbamoyl chloride.

APPLICATIONS OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
The tetramethyl derivative, known as thiram, is a widely used fungicide.
The tetraethyl derivative, known as disulfiram, is commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism.
It produces an acute sensitivity to alcohol ingestion by blocking metabolism of acetaldehyde by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to a higher concentration of the aldehyde in the blood, which in turn produces symptoms of a severe hangover.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Molecular Weight
240.4 g/mol
XLogP3-AA
1.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
3
Exact Mass
239.98833309 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass
239.98833309 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area
121Å²
Heavy Atom Count
12
Formal Charge
0
Complexity
158
Isotope Atom Count
0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes

Appearance :
Powder
Physical State :
Solid
Solubility :
Soluble in CHCl3: 50 mg/ml
Storage :
Store at room temperature
Melting Point :
156-158° C (lit.)
Density :
1.43 g/cm3 at 20° C
Refractive Index :
n20D 1.68 (Predicted)
pK Values :
pKb: 0.87 (Predicted)

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

SYNONYMS OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Bacteriostat
Disulfide, Tetramethylthiuram
Disulfide, TMT
Nobecutan
Sadoplon 75
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide
Thiram
Thiuram
Thiuram D
TMT Disulfide
TMTD
thiram
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
137-26-8
Thiuram
Rezifilm
TMTD
Pomarsol
Thirame
Arasan
Fernasan
Nobecutan
Thioscabin
Thirasan
Aapirol
Tersan
Tetrathiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram
Falitiram
Formalsol
Hexathir
Kregasan
Mercuram
Normersan
Sadoplon
Spotrete
Tetrasipton
Thillate
Thiramad
Aatiram
Atiram
Fermide
Fernide
Hermal
Pomasol
Puralin
Thiosan
Thiotox
Thiulin
Thiulix
Heryl
Pomarsol forte
Methyl tuads
Accelerator T
Methyl Thiram
Fernasan A
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Nocceler TT
Arasan-M
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram B
Arasan-SF
Cyuram DS
Ekagom TB
Hermat TMT
Tetramethylenethiuram disulfide
Accel TMT
Accelerator thiuram
Aceto TETD
Radothiram
Royal TMTD
Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid
Fernacol
Sadoplon 75
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Tetrapom
Thioknock
Thirampa
Thiramum
Anles
Arasan-SF-X
Aules
Thimer
Panoram 75
Tetramethylthiouram disulfide
Tetramethylthiurane disulfide
Arasan 70
Arasan 75
Tersan 75
Thiram 75
Thiram 80
Spotrete-F
TMTDS
Arasan 70-S Red
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Methylthiuram disulfide
N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Metiurac
Micropearls
Nomersan
Thianosan
Cunitex
Delsan
Thimar
Teramethylthiuram disulfide
Tersantetramethyldiurane sulfide
Pol-Thiuram
Arasan 42-S
Tetramethylthiurum disulfide
Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame
Tetrathiuram disulphide
Sranan-sf-X
Hy-Vic
SQ 1489
Chipco thiram 75
Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid
Orac TMTD
Tetramethylthioramdisulfide
Tetramethyldiurane sulphite
Thiotox (fungicide)
Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide
Fermide 850
Tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide
Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide
Thiuramyl
Thylate
Methyl thiuramdisulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide
Bis(dimethyl thiocarbamoyl)disulfide
Thirame [INN-French]
Thiramum [INN-Latin]
Thiuram D
Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame
Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide
Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide
N,N'-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine)
RCRA waste number U244
Flo Pro T Seed Protectant
Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide
Tetramethylthiuran disulphide
Tetramethylthiurum disulphide
NSC-1771
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
alpha,alpha'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
Thiotex
Thiurad
Tirampa
Tiuramyl
Trametan
Tridipam
Tripomol
Tyradin
Tuads
Tutan
Vulkacit mtic
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Vulkacit thiuram
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl-
Thiuram M
Vulkacit TH
Tetramethylthioramdisulfide [Dutch]
Vulcafor TMT
Vulcafor TMTD
Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulphide
FMC 2070
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulphide
Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid [German]
Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-
Zaprawa Nasienna T
[Me2NC(S)S]2
Vancida tm-95
Disulfuro di tetrametiltiourame
Arasan 42S
TUEX
Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame [Italian]
Disulfuro di tetrametiltiourame [Italian]
DTXSID5021332
Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame [French]
NSC1771
dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid [German]
VUAgT-I-4
NSC-49512
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), tetramethyl-
NSC-622696
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
Thiuram M rubber accelerator
MLS000069752
MLS002702972
0D771IS0FH
CHEBI:9495
Thiuram disulfide, tetramethyl-
Thiuram-M
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), tetramethyl-
NSC49512
CCG-35460
NSC-59637
NSC622696
TNTD
SQ-1489
NCGC00091563-01
SMR000059023
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ((H2N)C(S))2S2, tetramethyl-
[dithiobis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
.alpha.,.alpha.'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
DTXCID401332
Caswell No. 856
Granuflo
N,N-dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)disulfanyl]carbothioamide
Thiuramin
N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
CAS-137-26-8
Formamide,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-
Bis[(dimethylamino)carbonothioyl] disulfide
Attack [Antifungal]
Thiram [ISO]
NSC59637
CCRIS 1282
HSDB 863
ENT 987
WLN: 1N1 & YUS & SSYUS & N1 & 1
NSC 1771
EINECS 205-286-2
NSC 49512
NSC 59637
RCRA waste no. U244
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079801
NSC 622696
BRN 1725821
tiramo
UNII-0D771IS0FH
Basultra
Betoxin
Tiradin
Accelerant T
AI3-00987
Ziram metabolite
Arasan m
Vulkazam S
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
Vanguard GF
Vancide TM
Akrochem TMTD
Perkacit TMTD
Vulkacit DTMT
Robac TMT
Rezifilm (TN)
Arasan 50 red
Spotrete WP 75
MFCD00008325
Vancide TM-95
Naftocit thiuram 16
Spectrum_001687
Thiram (USAN/INN)
Agrichem flowable thiram
THIRAM [HSDB]
THIRAM [IARC]
THIRAM [INCI]
THIRAM [USAN]
THIRAM [INN]
Spectrum2_001554
Spectrum3_001592
Spectrum4_000860
Spectrum5_001653
THIRAM [WHO-DD]
THIRAM [MI]
THIRAM [MART.]
bmse000928
EC 205-286-2
NCIMech_000272
cid_5455
NCIOpen2_007854
SCHEMBL21144
BSPBio_003184
KBioGR_001499
KBioSS_002167
4-04-00-00242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
BIDD:ER0359
DivK1c_000741
SPECTRUM1503322
SPBio_001428
CHEMBL120563
Thiram [USAN:INN:BSI:ISO]
BDBM43362
HMS502F03
KBio1_000741
KBio2_002167
KBio2_004735
KBio2_007303
KBio3_002684
KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-
ENT-987
NINDS_000741
HMS1922A12
HMS2093E03
HMS2234B08
HMS3374C05
Pharmakon1600-01503322
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 97%
Tox21_111150
Tox21_201569
Tox21_301102
NSC758454
s2431
STL264104
(dimethylamino){[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]disulfanyl}methane-1-thione
AKOS000120200
bis (dimethyl thiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl)disulfide
Tox21_111150_1
bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl) disulfide
DB13245
KS-5354
NSC-758454
IDI1_000741
QTL1_000082
NCGC00091563-02
NCGC00091563-03
NCGC00091563-04
NCGC00091563-05
NCGC00091563-06
NCGC00091563-07
NCGC00091563-08
NCGC00091563-09
NCGC00091563-10
NCGC00091563-12
NCGC00255002-01
NCGC00259118-01
NCI60_001477
NCI60_006736
SBI-0051813.P002
Thiram, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
B0486
CS-0012858
FT-0631799
EN300-16677
D06114
D97716
AB00052345_10
Q416572
SR-01000736911
J-006992
J-524968
SR-01000736911-2
Thiram, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
BRD-K29254801-001-06-3
Z56754480
F0001-0468
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC ACID [(H2N)C(S)]2S2
N,N-Dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)-disulfanyl]carbothioamide
1-(dimethylthiocarbamoyldisulfanyl)-N,N-dimethyl-methanethioamide
N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid (dimethylthiocarbamoylthio) ester
InChI=1/C6H12N2S4/c1-7(2)5(9)11-12-6(10)8(3)4/h1-4H3
N(1),N(1),N(3),N(3)-tetramethyl-2-dithioperoxy-1,3-dithiodicarbonic diamide
N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid [[dimethylamino(sulfanylidene)methyl]thio] ester
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC DIAMIDE ((((CH(SUB 3))(SUB 2)N)C(S))(SUB 2)S(SUB 2))

DESCRIPTION:

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat and pesticide.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide is also used in the processing of rubber and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide can be found in products such as seed disinfectants, antiseptic sprays, animal repellents, insecticides, wood preservatives, some soaps, rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.

CAS Number: 137-26-8
EC Number: 205-286-2
Molecular Weight: 240.43
Linear Formula: (CH3)2NCSS2CSN(CH3)2

USES OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide belongs to protective fungicides of broad spectrum, with a residual effect period of up to 7d or so.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is mainly used for dealing with seeds and soil and preventing powdery mildew, smut and rice seedlings damping-off of cereal crops.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can also be used for some fruit trees and vegetable diseases.

For example, dressing seed with 500g of 50% wettable powder can control rice blast, rice leaf spot, barley and wheat smut.
As pesticides, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is often referred to as thiram and is mainly used for the treatment of seeds and soil and the prevention and controlling of cereal powdery mildew, smut and vegetable diseases.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide, as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, is often referred to as accelerator TMTD and is the representative of thiuram vulcanization accelerator, accounting for 85% of the total amount of similar products.

Accelerator T is also the super accelerator of natural rubber, diene synthetic rubber, Ⅱ, R and EPDM, with the highest utilization rate of all.
The vulcanization promoting force of accelerator T is very strong, but, without the presence of zinc oxide, it is not vulcanized at all.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is Used for the manufacture of cables, wires, tires and other rubber products.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is Used as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is Used as the late effect promoter of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polyisoprene rubber.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is Used for the pest control of rice, wheat, tobacco, sugar beet, grapes and other crops, as well as for the seed dressing and soil treatment.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is suitable for the manufacture of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, and can also be used as curing agent.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is is the second accelerator of thiazole accelerators, which can be used with other accelerators as the continuous vulcanization accelerator.
In rubber industry, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as the super-vulcanization accelerator, and aften used with thiazole accelerator.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can also be used in combination with other accelerators as the continuous rubber accelerator.
For slowly decomposing out of free sulfur at more than 100 ℃, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as curing agent too.

Its products have excellent resistance to aging and heat, so it is applicable to natural rubber, synthetic rubber and is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, tubes, shoes, cables and other industrial products.
In agriculture, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as fungicide and insecticide, and Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can also be used as lubricant additives.
Production methods from dimethylamine, carbon disulfide, ammonia condensation reaction was dimethyl dithiocarbamate, and then by the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to the finished product.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Melting point 156-158 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 129 °C (20 mmHg)
Density 1.43
vapor pressure 8 x 10-6 mmHg at 20 °C (NIOSH, 1997)
refractive index 1.5500 (estimate)
Flash point 89°C
storage temp. under inert gas (argon)
solubility 0.0184g/l
form solid
pka 0.87±0.50(Predicted)
Odor char. odor
Water Solubility 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)
Merck 14,9371
BRN 1725821
Appearance :Powder
Physical State :Solid
Solubility :Soluble in CHCl3: 50 mg/ml
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :156-158° C (lit.)
Density :1.43 g/cm3 at 20° C
Refractive Index :n20D 1.68 (Predicted)
pK Values :pKb: 0.87 (Predicted)
Chemical NameThiram
Synonyms: Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) Disulfide; Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide; TMTD; N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic Diamide;
CAS Number137-26-8
Molecular FormulaC₆H₁₂N₂S₄
AppearanceWhite to Off-White Solid
Melting Point150-152 °C
Molecular Weight240.43
Storage4°C
SolubilityAcetone (Slightly), Chloroform (Slightly), DMSO
CategoryStandards; Pharmaceutical/API Drug Impurities/Metabolites;
Applications:
Thiram is an ectoparasiticide.
Thiram is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.
Thiram has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

SYNONYMS OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:

Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2),N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-
Disulfide,bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2),tetramethyl-
SQ 1489
Accelerator Thiuram
Aceto TETD
Arasan M
Arasan
Arasan-SF;
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Fernasan
Fernasan A
Hermal
Heryl
Mercuram
Methyl Thiram
Normersan
Panoram 75
Pomarsol
Pomasol
Puralin
Rezifilm
Royal TMTD
Spotrete
Tersan
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Thiosan
Thiram
Thiram 75
Thiurad
Thiuram
Thiuram M
Thiuram disulfide,tetramethyl-
Thiuramyl
Tiuramyl
TMTD
TMTDS
Thylate
Tridipam
Tuads
Tulisan
Arasan 75
Fernide
Kregasan
Polyram ultra
Sadoplon
Tetrasipton
Thiulin
Tripomol
VUAgT-I-4
Thiuram D
Thiotox
Thillate
Arasan 42S
Thirasan
Arasan 70
Ekagom TB
Nobecutan
Vulcafor TMTD
Vulkacit Th
Sadoplon 75
Accelerator T
Trametan
Hexathir
Zaprawa Nasienna T
Aatiram
Thiram 80
Vulcafor TMT
Vulkacit thiuram
Hermat TMT
Thiram B
AApirol
Atiram
Falitiram
Formalsol
Thioscabin
Arasan 70-S Red
Tutan
Accel TMT
Tyradin
Tersan 75
Pol-Thiuram
TMT
TUEX
Tigam
Rhenogran TMTD
Metiurac
Nocceler TT
Rhodiauram
Thiotox (fungicide)
Accelerant T
Ferna-Col
Methyl Tuads
Arasan 50 red
Radothiram
Radotiram
Thiride
Thiuram TMTD
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Zupa S 80
Betoxin
Robac TMT
Pomarsol Forte
12680-07-8
12680-62-5
39456-80-9
56645-31-9
66173-72-6
92481-09-9
93196-73-7
200889-05-0
1135443-08-1
2213445-87-3

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a rubber chemieal, an accelerator of vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a colorless to yellow, crystalline solid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has characteristic odor.

CAS Number: 137-26-8
EC Number: 205-286-2
MDL Number: MFCD00008325
Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is white to almost white powder
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is colorless to white to cream-colored crystals.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may darken on exposure to air or light.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is white or light gray powder (granular).
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 , partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 , insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is an ectoparasiticide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is excellent colors are obtained in non-black vulcanizates.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a colorless to yellow, crystalline solid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide appears as a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has characteristic odor.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is colorless to yellow, crystalline solid with a characteristic odor.

Meeting hot water becomes to dimethyl ammonium and CS 2.
Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is nearly immobile in clay soils or in soils of high organic matter.
Dimacit TMTD offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a white powder, with no smell.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide's density is between 1.40-1.45 g/cm³.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform; slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in water.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide appears as a liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide contains a dimethyldithiocarbamate.
It should be noted that in the application of Dimacit TMTD N-nitrosodimethylamine can be formed by the reaction of dimethylamine, a decomposition product, with nitrosating agents (nitrogen oxides).

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is white, light gray powder or granular.
The density of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is 1.29.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is the simplest thiuram disulfide and the oxidized dimer of dimethyldithiocarbamate.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is an organic sulfur compound cas code 137-26-8, is a grayish-white powder, insoluble in water.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is non-staining and non-discoloring.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is functionally related to a dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration.
Meeting hot water becomes to dimethylamine ammonium and CS2.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide should be stored in the dry and cooling place with good ventilation, avoiding exposure of the packaged product to direct sunlight.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is designed for the rubber industry.
Two grades are available: pdr; pdr-d.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a protective fungicide applied to foliage to control Botrytis spp on grapes, soft fruit, lettuce, vegetables and ornamentals.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide also controls rust on ornamentals, scab and storage diseases on apple and pear and leaf curl and Monilia on stone fruit.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in seed treatments alone or in combination with added insecticides or fungicides to control damping off diseases such as Pythium spp, and other diseases like Fusarium spp of maize, cotton, cereals, legumes, vegetables and ornamentals.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used seed disinfectant

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may be used in dermatology as a scabicide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is effective against Stem gall of coriander, damping off, smut of millet, neck rot of onion, etc.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used antianginal
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is an ectoparasiticide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide was traditionally used in apple and wine farming.
Since 2010 most thiram is applied to soybeans.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is scorchy and gives fast cure rates.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as fungicide; bacteriostat; pesticide; rubber vulcanization accelerator; scabicide; seed disinfectant; animal repellent; insecticide; lube-oil additive; wood preservative; in antiseptic sprays; in the blending of lubrieant oils; used against Botrytis, rusts and downy mildews; seed dressing against "damping off' and verticillium wilt; ethanol antagonist and deterrent in mixtures of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl derivatives; antioxidant in polyolefin plastics; peptizing agent in polysulphide elastomers; in soaps and rodent repellents; nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may be used as a retarder in the vulcanization of polychloroprene rubber with ETU.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide offers fast vulcanization and gives an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance when used in sulfurless vulcanization systems and EV systems.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used Rubber accelerator; vulcanizer; seed disinfectant; fungicide; bacteriostat in soap; animal repellent.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is an organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide produces an excellent vulcanisation plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is recommended for use in soft compounds due to dispersability.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat, pesticide, rubber vulcanization accelerator, scabicide, seed disinfectant, animal repellent, insecticide, lube oil additive and wood preservative.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers. Scorchy and gives fast cure rates.
Excellent color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in antiseptic sprays and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used against Botrytis, rusts and downy mildews and as a seed dressing against “”damping off”” and verticillium wilt.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is also used as an ethanol antagonist and deterrent in mixtures of the methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl derivatives.

Other uses of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide include an antioxidant in polyolefin plastics and a peptizing agent in polysulphide elastomers.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in soaps and rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used rubber accelerator and vulcanizer.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide belongs to protective fungicides of broad spectrum, with a residual effect period of up to 7d or so.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is mainly used for dealing with seeds and soil and preventing powdery mildew, smut and rice seedlings damping-off of cereal crops.
Release to the environment of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide produces an excellent vulcanization plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used rubber Auxiliary Agents.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can also be used for some fruit trees and vegetable diseases.

For example, dressing seed with 500g of 50% wettable powder can control rice blast, rice leaf spot, barley and wheat smut.
As pesticide, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is often referred to as thiram and is mainly used for the treatment of seeds and soil and the prevention and controlling of cereal powdery mildew, smut and vegetable diseases.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used a primary or secondary (ultra) accelerator in multiple blend
accelerator systems with thiazoles and sulfenamides.
Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanisation.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide, as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, is often referred to as accelerator TMTD and is the representative of thiuram vulcanization accelerator, accounting for 85% of the total amount of similar products.
Accelerator T is also the super accelerator of natural rubber, diene synthetic rubber, Ⅱ, R and EPDM, with the highest utilization rate of all.

The vulcanization promoting force of accelerator T is very strong, but, without the presence of zinc oxide, it is not vulcanized at all.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is mainly used as a fungicide for plants and treatment for seeds.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used for the manufacture of cables, wires, tires and other rubber products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as the late effect promoter of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polyisoprene rubber.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (CAS: 137-26-8), also known as tetramethylthiuram disulfide or TMDT, is used primarily as a fungicide, disinfectant and bacteriostatic agent in food processing, but is also used in some finished products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is the second accelerator of thiazole accelerators, which can be used with other accelerators as the continuous vulcanization accelerator.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.

In rubber industry, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as the super-vulcanization accelerator, and aften used with thiazole accelerator.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used for the pest control of rice, wheat, tobacco, sugar beet, grapes and other crops, as well as for the seed dressing and soil treatment.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is suitable for the manufacture of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, and can also be used as curing agent.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as a fungicide, ectoparasiticide to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops and similarly as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents and deer.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is also used as a sulfur source and secondary accelerator the sulfur vulcanization of rubbers.
In mercaptan modified polychloroprene cured with ETU, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide acts as a scorch retarder without affecting the cure speed.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is also used as a vulcanizing agent in most of thesulfur cured elastomers.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may be used as a retarder in the vulcanisation of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide.

For slowly decomposing out of free sulfur at more than 100 ℃, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as curing agent too.
Its products have excellent resistance to aging and heat, so Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is applicable to natural rubber, synthetic rubber and is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, tubes, shoes, cables and other industrial products.

In agriculture, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as fungicide and insecticide, and it can also be used as lubricant additives.
Production methods from dimethylamine, carbon disulfide, ammonia condensation reaction was dimethyl dithiocarbamate, and then by the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to the finished product.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfideis used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products.
Release to the environment of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Release to the environment of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used for the manufacture of: rubber products.

Release to the environment of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can occur from industrial use: as processing aid.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can also be used in combination with other accelerators as the continuous rubber accelerator.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is widely used in rubber processing as an ultra accelerator for low-temperature cures, either alone or as an activator for other accelerators, chiefly the thiazoles.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has a role as an antibacterial drug, an antiseptic drug and an antifungal agrochemical.

Release to the environment of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is Scorch and gives fast cure rates.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide produces an excellent vulcanization
plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may be used as a retarder in the vulcanization of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can reduce the growth performance of chickens through decreasing liver index, whereas increasing kidney, cardiac, and spleen index, and induces tibial dyschondrolplasia (TD) by changing the expressions of VEGF, HIF-1α and WNT4.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as an accelerator of rubber, or used as bactericide and insecticide .

Applications of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide: Rubber modification
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is widely used in rubber processing as an ultra accelerator for low-temperature cures, either alone or as an activator for other accelerators, chiefly the thiazoles.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used as a single accelerator, as a secondary accelerator or as a sulphur donor in most sulphur-cured elastomers.
Scorchy and gives fast cure rates.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide produces an excellent vulcanisation plateau with good heat aging and compression set resistance in sulphurless and EV cure systems Good color retention is obtained in non-black vulcanisation.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a valuable secondary accelerator for EPDM.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide may be used as a retarder in the vulcanisation of polychloroprene rubber with ETU and also be used as bactericide and pesticide.

-Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be used:
*Without sulphur (2 -4% on the weight of the gum),
*With sulphur in conjunction with zinc oxide and fatty acid as activators (0.1 - 1% TMTD on the weight of the gum),
In conjunction with accelerators such as mercaptobenzothiazole (0.25 – 0.5 TMTD on the weight of the gum).

-Agricultural Uses:
*Fungicide, Rodenticide:
is used as a fungicide to prevent crop damage in the field and to prevent crops from deterioration in storage or transport.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfideis also used as a seed, nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant from a variety of fungal diseases.
In addition, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents, and deer.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen, and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer and as a bacteriostat for edible oils and fats.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is also used as a rodent repellent, wood preservative, and may be used in the blending of lubricant oils.

-Applications of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide:
*Rubber modification
*Product Description

WHAT IS TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE AND WHERE IS TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE FOUND?
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat and pesticide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is also used in the processing of rubber and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide can be found in products such as seed disinfectants, antiseptic sprays, animal repellents, insecticides, wood preservatives, some soaps, rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide.

AIR AND WATER REACTIONS OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is insoluble in water.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide decomposes in acidic media to give toxic products.
ecomposes to an extent on prolonged exposure to heat, air or moisture.

PROPERTIES OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is white, light gray powder or granular.
The density of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is 1.29.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is soluble in benzene, acetone, chloroform, CS2 partly soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether, CCI4 insoluble in water, gasoline and alkali with lower concentration.

REACTIVITY PROFILE OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is incompatible with oxidizing materials and strong acids.
Also incompatible with strong alkalis and nitrating agents .

PRODUCTION METHOD OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
The preparation of sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate(SDD): the reaction of dimethylamine hydrochloride and carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide can generate sodium dimethylamino dithiocarbamate .
The reaction temperature is 50~55℃ and the pH value is 8~9.

The preparation of thiram: the reaction of SDD (or Diram) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid can produce thiram.
The reaction temperature is controlled at 10 ℃ below and the end pH value is 3 to 4.
Chlorine can also be used instead of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.

The reaction is performed in the sieve tray tower, from the bottom of which the diluted chlorine is introduced and from the top of which 5% sodium solution is sprayed, which is called chlorine-air oxidation method.
There are also other methods, such as sodium nitrite oxidation or electrolytic oxidation.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is a type of sulfur fungicide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide has been found to dissolve completely in chloroform, acetone, and ether.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is available as dust, flowable, wettable powder, water-dispersible granules, and water suspension formulations and in mixtures with other fungicides.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide is pure colorless crystal; no smell; m.p.155~156°C; relative density 1.29; easily soluble in benzene, chloroform (230g/L), acetone (80g/L), carbon disulfide and other organic solvents; slightly soluble in ether and ethanol (<10g/L); insoluble in water (30mg/L); decomposing under acid condition; industrial products are white or light yellow powder, with a m.p. of more than 146℃.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
CAS #: 137-26-8
APPEARANCE: Fine White Powder
Appearance: White to off white powder
Bulk Density: +/-0.40
Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4
Molecular Weight: 240.4
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight: C6H12N2S4 = 240.42
Physical State (20 deg.C): Solid
CAS RN: 137-26-8
Reaxys Registry Number: 1725821
PubChem Substance ID: 125308534
SDBS (AIST Spectral DB): 4777
Merck Index (14): 9371
MDL Number: MFCD00008325
Chemical formula: C6H12N2S4
Molar mass: 240.42 g•mol−1
Appearance: White to yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Characteristic[vague]
Density: 1.29 g/cm3

Melting point: 155 to 156 °C (311 to 313 °F; 428 to 429 K)
Boiling point decomposes
Solubility in water 30 mg/L
Vapor pressure 0.000008 mmHg (20 °C)
Molecular Weight: 240.4 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 1.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 3
Exact Mass: 239.98833309 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 239.98833309 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 121Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 158
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Appearance :Powder
Physical State :Solid
Solubility :Soluble in CHCl3: 50 mg/ml
Storage :Store at room temperature
Melting Point :156-158° C (lit.)
Density :1.43 g/cm3 at 20° C
Refractive Index :n20D 1.68 (Predicted)
pK Values :pKb: 0.87 (Predicted)
Appearance : powder
Color : white, light brown
Odor : odourless
Odor Threshold : not determined
pH : 6.75 (20 °C)
Concentration: 4 %
Melting point/range : 144 - 146 °C
Boiling point/boiling range : 165 °C
Flash point : Not applicable
Evaporation rate : not determined
Flammability (solid, gas) : not auto-flammable
Self-ignition : 400 °C

Upper explosion limit / Upper flammability limit: not determined
Lower explosion limit / Lower flammability limit: not determined
Vapor pressure : 0.00002 Pa (25 °C)
Relative vapor density : not determined
Relative density : No data available
Density : 1.36 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Solubility(ies)
Water solubility : 0.018 g/l (20 °C)
Partition coefficient: noctanol/water: log Pow: 1.84
Autoignition temperature : not determined
Decomposition temperature : 165 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, dynamic : not determined
Viscosity, kinematic : Not applicable
Explosive properties : No data available
Oxidizing properties : Not classified
Surface tension : 71.5 mN/m, 20 °C

Physical state: powder
Color: beige
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 156 - 158 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 150,00 °C - open cup
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 6,75 at 20 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 0,017 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: log Pow: 2,1
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density 1,36 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not explosive
Oxidizing properties: none

Other safety information:
Solubility in other solvents:
Acetone 69,7 g/l at 25 °C
Benzene 41,2 g/l at 25 °C
Surface tension 70 mN/m at 21,5 °C
Dissociation constant 8,19 at 25 °C
Molecular form: C6H12N2S4
Appearance: White to Off-White Solid
Mol. Weight: 240.43
Storage: 2-8°C Refrigerator
Shipping Conditions: Ambient
Applications: NA
Appearance: white crystalline solid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 155.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 307.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 1.720000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 283.00 °F. TCC ( 139.70 °C. ) (est)

logP (o/w): 1.730
Soluble in: water, 30 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Molecular Weight： 240.43
Exact Mass： 240.43
BRN： 1725821
EC Number： 205-286-2
HScode： 29303000
Characteristics PSA： 121
XLogP3： 1.7
Density： 1.29 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point： 155-156 °C
Boiling Point： 129 °C @ Press: 20 Torr
Flash Point： 89°C
Refractive Index： 1.677
Water Solubility： H2O: 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)
Storage Conditions： 0-6°C
Vapor Pressure： 0.000008 mmHg

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
-Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust.
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Face shield and safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before
breaks and at the end of workday.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
*Storage conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Store in cool place.
**Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

SYNONYMS:
thiram
tetramethylthiuram disulfide
thiuram
tmtd, pomarsol
thirame
arasan
fernasan
nobecutan
rezifilm
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Thiram
1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthioformamide)
Chipco Thiram 75
Spotrete
Tetrapom
Bis((dimethylamino)carbon
Fermide 850,
SQ 1489
Thimer
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl)disulfide
Fernasan
Tersan
Thioknock
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide,
Hexathir
Thiosan
Thiotex
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Mercuram
Thiurad
Thiramad
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Nomersan
Thiuramyl
Thirasan
AAtack
Polyram-Ultra
Thylate
Thiuramin
Aceto tetd
Pomarsol
Tiuramyl
Tirampa
Arasan
Puralin
TMTD
TMTDS
Tripomol
Aules
Rezifilm
Tulisan
Vancide TM.
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Bis (dimethyldithiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram
Thiuram
TMTD
THIRAM
1,1’-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
THIURAM
TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULPHIDE
Tetramethylthiuram
TNTD
METHYL TUADS
AcceleratorTMTD
TIMTEC-BB SBB000804
1,1′-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthioformamide)
Chipco Thiram 75
Spotrete
Tetrapom
Bis((dimethylamino)carbon
Fermide 850
SQ 1489
Thimer
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl)disulfide
Fernasan
Tersan
Thioknock
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Hexathir
Thiosan
Thiotex
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Mercuram
Thiurad
Thiramad
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Nomersan
Thiuramyl
Thirasan
Polyram-Ultra
Thylate
Thiuramin
Aceto tetd
Pomarsol
Tiuramyl
Tirampa
Arasan
Puralin
TMTD
TMTDS
Tripomol
Aules
Rezifilm
Tulisan, Vancide TM.
bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulphide
thiram
thiram (tmtd)
tmtd
thiram(tmtd)
tetramethylthiuram disulphide
tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide)
aapirol
accel tmt
accelerator t
accelerator thiuram
acceleratort
acceleratorthiuram
acceleratortmtd
aceto tetd
acetotetd
alpha,alpha'-dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
anles
arasan
arasan 42s
arasan 70
arasan 70-s red
arasan 75
arasan42-s
bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
Rubber Accelerator TMTD
TMTD
Tetramethyl-thiuram-disulfide
ACCELERATOR TT
Accelerator TMTD
ACCELERATOR TMTD(TT)
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Bis (dimethyldithiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram
Thiuram
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
thiram
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
137-26-8
Thiuram
Rezifilm
TMTD
Pomarsol
Thirame
Arasan
Fernasan
Nobecutan
Thioscabin
Thirasan
Aapirol
Tersan
Tetrathiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram
Falitiram
Formalsol
Hexathir
Kregasan
Mercuram
Normersan
Sadoplon
Spotrete
Tetrasipton
Thillate
Thiramad
Aatiram
Atiram
Fermide
Fernide
Hermal
Pomasol
Puralin
Thiosan
Thiotox
Thiulin
Thiulix
Heryl
Pomarsol forte
Methyl tuads
Accelerator T
Methyl Thiram
Fernasan A
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Nocceler TT
Arasan-M
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Thiram B
Arasan-SF
Cyuram DS
Ekagom TB
Hermat TMT
Tetramethylenethiuram disulfide
Accel TMT
Accelerator thiuram
Aceto TETD
Radothiram
Royal TMTD
Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid
Fernacol
Sadoplon 75
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
Tetrapom
Thioknock
Thirampa
Thiramum
Anles
Arasan-SF-X
Aules
Thimer
Panoram 75
Tetramethylthiouram disulfide
Tetramethylthiurane disulfide
Arasan 70
Arasan 75
Tersan 75
Thiram 75
Thiram 80
Spotrete-F
TMTDS
Arasan 70-S Red
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Methylthiuram disulfide
N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Metiurac
Micropearls
Nomersan
Thianosan
Cunitex
Delsan
Metiur
Thimar
Teramethylthiuram disulfide
Tersantetramethyldiurane sulfide
Pol-Thiuram
Arasan 42-S
Tetramethylthiurum disulfide
Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame
Tetrathiuram disulphide
Sranan-sf-X
Hy-Vic
SQ 1489
Chipco thiram 75
Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid
Orac TMTD
Tetramethylthioramdisulfide
Tetramethyldiurane sulphite
Thiotox (fungicide)
Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide
Fermide 850
Tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide
Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide
Thiuramyl
Thylate
Attack
Methyl thiuramdisulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide
Bis(dimethyl thiocarbamoyl)disulfide
Thiuram D
Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame
Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide
Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide
N,N'-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine)
RCRA waste number U244
Flo Pro T Seed Protectant
Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide
Tetramethylthiuran disulphide
Tetramethylthiurum disulphide
NSC-1771
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
Caswell No. 856
alpha,alpha'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
Granuflo
Thiotex
Thiurad
Thiuramin
Tirampa
Tiuramyl
Trametan
Tridipam
Tripomol
Tyradin
Tuads
Tutan
Vulkacit mtic
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
C6H12N2S4
N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Vulkacit thiuram
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl-
Thiuram M
Vulkacit TH
Vulcafor TMT
Vulcafor TMTD
Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulphide
FMC 2070
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulphide
Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-
dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
Zaprawa Nasienna T
[Me2NC(S)S]2
Vancida tm-95
Disulfuro di tetrametiltiourame
Arasan 42S
Thiram [ISO]
Attack [Antifungal]
TUEX
CCRIS 1282
HSDB 863
ENT 987
NSC1771
Thiram [USAN:INN]
NSC 1771
VUAgT-I-4
EINECS 205-286-2
NSC 49512
NSC 59637
NSC-49512
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), tetramethyl-
RCRA waste no. U244
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079801
NSC 622696
NSC-622696
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
BRN 1725821
rhenogran
Thiuram M rubber accelerator
UNII-0D771IS0FH
AI3-00987
MLS000069752
MLS002702972
0D771IS0FH
CHEBI:9495
Thiuram disulfide, tetramethyl-
Thiuram-M
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), tetramethyl-
NSC49512
CCG-35460
NSC-59637
NSC622696
TNTD
SQ-1489
NCGC00091563-01
SMR000059023
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ((H2N)C(S))2S2, tetramethyl-
[dithiobis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane
EC 205-286-2
.alpha.,.alpha.'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
4-04-00-00242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID401332
69193-86-8
N,N-dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)disulfanyl]carbothioamide
N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
TMT Disulfide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide (((H2N)C(S))2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
CAS-137-26-8
Formamide,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-
Bis[(dimethylamino)carbonothioyl] disulfide
NSC59637
WLN: 1N1 & YUS & SSYUS & N1 & 1
tiramo
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide [(H2N)C(S)]2S2, tetramethyl-
Basultra
Betoxin
Tiradin
Tiram
Accelerant T
Ziram metabolite
Arasan m
Vulkazam S
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
Vanguard GF
Vancide TM
Akrochem TMTD
Perkacit TMTD
Vulkacit DTMT
Robac TMT
Thiram (Tmtd)
Rezifilm (TN)
Arasan 50 red
Spotrete WP 75
MFCD00008325
Vancide TM-95
Naftocit thiuram 16
Thiram [BSI:ISO]
Spectrum_001687
Thiram (USAN/INN)
Agrichem flowable thiram
THR (CHRIS Code)
THIRAM [HSDB]
THIRAM [IARC]
THIRAM [INCI]
THIRAM [USAN]
THIRAM [INN]
Spectrum2_001554
Spectrum3_001592
Spectrum4_000860
Spectrum5_001653
THIRAM [WHO-DD]
THIRAM [MI]
THIRAM [MART.]
bmse000928
D02UVS
NCIMech_000272
cid_5455
NCIOpen2_007854
SCHEMBL21144
BSPBio_003184
KBioGR_001499
KBioSS_002167
BIDD:ER0359
DivK1c_000741
SPECTRUM1503322
SPBio_001428
CHEMBL120563
Thiram [USAN:INN:BSI:ISO]
Thiram [USAN:INN:ISO:BSI]
BDBM43362
HMS502F03
KBio1_000741
KBio2_002167
KBio2_004735
KBio2_007303
KBio3_002684
KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-
ENT-987
NINDS_000741
HMS1922A12
HMS2093E03
HMS2234B08
HMS3374C05
Pharmakon1600-01503322
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 97%
Tox21_111150
Tox21_201569
Tox21_301102
LS-803
NSC758454
s2431
STL264104
(dimethylamino){[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]disulfanyl}methane-1-thione
AKOS000120200
bis (dimethyl thiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl)disulfide
Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)-
Tox21_111150_1
bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl) disulfide
DB13245
KS-5354
NSC-758454
Tetramethylthioperoxydicar-bonic diamide
IDI1_000741
QTL1_000082
NCGC00091563-02
NCGC00091563-03
NCGC00091563-04
NCGC00091563-05
NCGC00091563-06
NCGC00091563-07
NCGC00091563-08
NCGC00091563-09
NCGC00091563-10
NCGC00091563-12
NCGC00255002-01
NCGC00259118-01
NCI60_001477
NCI60_006736
SBI-0051813.P002
Thiram, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
B0486
CS-0012858
FT-0631799
EN300-16677
D06114
D97716
AB00052345_10
Thiram; (Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide)
Q416572
SR-01000736911
J-006992
J-524968
SR-01000736911-2
Thiram, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
BRD-K29254801-001-06-3
Z56754480
F0001-0468
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC ACID [(H2N)C(S)]2S2
N,N-Dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)-disulfanyl]carbothioamide
1-(dimethylthiocarbamoyldisulfanyl)-N,N-dimethyl-methanethioamide
N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid (dimethylthiocarbamoylthio) ester
Diamida Tioperoxidicarbonica ([(H2N) C (S)] 2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetrametil-
N(1),N(1),N(3),N(3)-tetramethyl-2-dithioperoxy-1,3-dithiodicarbonic diamide
N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid [[dimethylamino(sulfanylidene)methyl]thio] ester
TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC DIAMIDE ((((CH(SUB 3))(SUB 2)N)C(S))(SUB 2)S(SUB 2))
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) Disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide
TMTD
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic Diamide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
AATIRAM
ARASAN(R)
BIS(DIMETHYLTHIOCARBAMOYL) DISULFIDE
BIS(DIMETHYLTHIOCARBAMYL) DISULFIDE
CEKUTMTD
DELSAN(R)
DIMETHYL THIURAM DISULFIDE
MERCURAM(R)
METHYL THIURAM
METHYL TUADS
NOMERSAN(R)
POMARSOL
POMARSOL(R)
POMASOL(R)
PURALIN(R)
REZIFILM(R)
RHODIASON
SPOTRETE(R)
TERSAN(R)
TETRAMETHYLTHIURAM DISULFIDE
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) Disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide
TMTD
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic Diamide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2),N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-
Disulfide,bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2),tetramethyl-
SQ 1489
Accelerator Thiuram;Aceto TETD
Arasan M
Arasan
Arasan-SF
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Fernasan
Fernasan A
Hermal
Heryl
Mercuram
Methyl Thiram
Normersan
Panoram 75
Pomarsol
Pomasol
Puralin
Rezifilm
Royal TMTD
Spotrete
Tersan
Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
Thiosan
Thiram
Thiram 75
Thiurad
Thiuram
Thiuram M
Thiuram disulfide,tetramethyl-
Thiuramyl
Tiuramyl
TMTD
TMTDS
Thylate
Tridipam
Tuads
Tulisan
Arasan 75
Fernide
Kregasan
Polyram ultra
Sadoplon
Tetrasipton
Thiulin
Tripomol
VUAgT-I-4
Thiuram D
Thiotox
Thillate
Arasan 42S
Thirasan
Arasan 70
Ekagom TB
Nobecutan
Vulcafor TMTD
Vulkacit Th
Sadoplon 75
Accelerator T
Trametan
Hexathir
Zaprawa Nasienna T
Aatiram
Thiram 80
Vulcafor TMT
Vulkacit thiuram
Hermat TMT
Thiram B
AApirol
Atiram
Falitiram
Formalsol
Thioscabin
Arasan 70-S Red
Tutan
Accel TMT
Tyradin
Tersan 75
Pol-Thiuram
TMT
TUEX
Tigam
Rhenogran TMTD
Metiurac
Nocceler TT
Rhodiauram
Thiotox (fungicide)
Accelerant T
Ferna-Col
Methyl Tuads
Arasan 50 red
Radothiram
Radotiram
Thiride
Thiuram TMTD
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Zupa S 80
Betoxin
Robac TMT
Pomarsol Forte
12680-07-8
12680-62-5
39456-80-9
56645-31-9
66173-72-6
92481-09-9
93196-73-7
200889-05-0
1135443-08-1
2213445-87-3
TT
tmtd
TMTD
anles
thiram
arasan
aapirol
Aapirol
accel tmt
acetotetd
arasan 70
Accel TMT
arasan 75
aceto tetd
arasan 42s
arasan42-s
acceleratort
thiram(tmtd)
accelerator t
thiram (tmtd)
Accelerator T
arasan 70-s red
acceleratortmtd
acceleratorthiuram
accelerator thiuram
Accelerator Thiuram
Rubber Accelerator TMTD
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide
tetramethyl thiuram disulfide
tetramethylthiuram disulphide
bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulphide
tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide)
1,1'-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide)
alpha,alpha'-dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide
[disulfanediylbis(carbonothioylnitrilo)]tetramethane

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) formulations often involve a combination of accelerators to control the vulcanization process more precisely.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) affords the thiocarbamoyl chloride.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as a fungicide, bacteriostat and pesticide.

CAS Number: 137-26-8
Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4
Molecular Weight: 240.43
EINECS Number: 205-286-2

Synonyms: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, Thiuram, Rezifilm, TMTD, Pomarsol, Thirame, Arasan, Fernasan, Nobecutan, Thioscabin, Thirasan, Aapirol, Tersan, Tetrathiuram disulfide, Tetramethylthiuram, Falitiram, Formalsol, Hexathir, Kregasan, Mercuram, Normersan, Sadoplon, Spotrete, Tetrasipton, Thillate, Thiramad, Aatiram, Atiram, Fermide, Fernide, Hermal, Pomasol, Puralin, Thiosan, Thiotox, Thiulin, Thiulix, Heryl, Pomarsol forte, Methyl tuads, Accelerator T, Methyl Thiram, Fernasan A, Tetramethylthiuram disulphide, Nocceler TT, Arasan-M, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide, Thiram B, Arasan-SF, Cyuram DS, Ekagom TB, Hermat TMT, Tetramethylenethiuram disulfide, Accel TMT, Accelerator thiuram, Aceto TETD, Radothiram, Royal TMTD, Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid, Fernacol, Sadoplon 75, Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide, Tetrapom, Thioknock, Thirampa, Thiramum, Anles, Arasan-SF-X, Aules, Thimer, Panoram 75, Tetramethylthiouram disulfide, Tetramethylthiurane disulfide, Arasan 70, Arasan 75, Tersan 75, Thiram 75, Thiram 80, Spotrete-F, TMTDS, Arasan 70-S Red, Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide, Methylthiuram disulfide, N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, Metiurac, Micropearls, Nomersan, Thianosan, Cunitex, Delsan, Thimar, Teramethylthiuram disulfide, Tersantetramethyldiurane sulfide, Pol-Thiuram, Arasan 42-S, Tetramethylthiurum disulfide, Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame, Tetrathiuram disulphide, Sranan-sf-X, Hy-Vic, SQ 1489, Chipco thiram 75, Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid, Orac TMTD, Tetramethylthioramdisulfide, Tetramethyldiurane sulphite, Thiotox (fungicide), Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl), Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide, Fermide 850, Tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide, Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide, Thiuramyl, Thylate, Methyl thiuramdisulfide, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide, Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide, Bis(dimethyl thiocarbamoyl)disulfide, Thirame [INN-French], Thiramum [INN-Latin], Thiuram D, Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame, Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide, Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide, N,N'-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine), RCRA waste number U244, Flo Pro T Seed Protectant, Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide, Tetramethylthiuran disulphide, Tetramethylthiurum disulphide, NSC-1771, Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide, alpha,alpha'-Dithiobis(dimethylthio)formamide, Thiotex, Thiurad, Tirampa, Tiuramyl, Trametan, Tridipam, Tripomol, Tyradin, Tuads, Tutan, Vulkacit mtic, N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulphide, Vulkacit thiuram, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide, tetramethyl-, Thiuram M, Vulkacit TH, Tetramethylthioramdisulfide [Dutch], Vulcafor TMT, Vulcafor TMTD, Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide, FMC 2070, Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulphide, Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid [German], Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-dimethylthio-, Bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl)disulfide, Attack [Antifungal], Thiram [ISO], NSC59637, CCRIS 1282, HSDB 863, ENT 987, WLN: 1N1 & YUS & SSYUS & N1 & 1, NSC 1771, EINECS 205-286-2, NSC 49512, NSC 59637, RCRA waste no. U244, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079801, NSC 622696, BRN 1725821, tiramo, UNII-0D771IS0FH, Basultra, Betoxin, Tiradin, Accelerant T, AI3-00987, Ziram metabolite, Arasan m, Vulkazam S, Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, Vanguard GF, Vancide TM, Akrochem TMTD, Perkacit TMTD, Vulkacit DTMT, Robac TMT, Rezifilm (TN), Arasan 50 red, Spotrete WP 75, MFCD00008325, Vancide TM-95, Naftocit thiuram 16, Spectrum_001687, Thiram (USAN/INN), Agrichem flowable thiram, THIRAM [HSDB], THIRAM [IARC], THIRAM [INCI], THIRAM [USAN], THIRAM [INN], Spectrum2_001554, Spectrum3_001592, Spectrum4_000860, Spectrum5_001653, THIRAM [WHO-DD], THIRAM [MI], THIRAM [MART.], bmse000928, EC 205-286-2, NCIMech_000272, cid_5455, NCIOpen2_007854, SCHEMBL21144, BSPBio_003184, KBioGR_001499, KBioSS_002167, 4-04-00-00242 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), BIDD:ER0359, DivK1c_000741, SPECTRUM1503322, SPBio_001428, CHEMBL120563, Thiram [USAN:INN:BSI:ISO], BDBM43362, HMS502F03, KBio1_000741, KBio2_002167, KBio2_004735, KBio2_007303, KBio3_002684, KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-, ENT-987, NINDS_000741, HMS1922A12, HMS2093E03, HMS2234B08, HMS3374C05, Pharmakon1600-01503322, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 97%, Tox21_111150, Tox21_201569, Tox21_301102, NSC758454, s2431, (dimethylamino){[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]disulfanyl}methane-1-thione, AKOS000120200, bis (dimethyl thiocarbamoyl) disulfide, Bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl)disulfide, Tox21_111150_1, bis(dimethylaminothiocarbonyl) disulfide, DB13245, KS-5354, NSC-758454, IDI1_000741, QTL1_000082, NCGC00091563-02, NCGC00091563-03, NCGC00091563-04, NCGC00091563-05, NCGC00091563-06, NCGC00091563-07, NCGC00091563-08, NCGC00091563-09, NCGC00091563-10, NCGC00091563-12, NCGC00255002-01, NCGC00259118-01, NCI60_001477, NCI60_006736, SBI-0051813.P002, Thiram, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, B0486, CS-0012858, FT-0631799, EN300-16677, D06114, D97716, AB00052345_10, Q416572, SR-01000736911, J-006992, J-524968, SR-01000736911-2, Thiram, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), BRD-K29254801-001-06-3, Z56754480, F0001-0468, TETRAMETHYLTHIOPEROXYDICARBONIC ACID [(H2N)C(S)]2S2, N,N-Dimethyl[(dimethylcarbamothioyl)-disulfanyl]carbothioamide, 1-(dimethylthiocarbamoyldisulfanyl)-N,N-dimethyl-methanethioamide, N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioic acid (dimethylthiocarbamoylthio) ester.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is also used in the processing of rubber and in the blending of lubricant oils.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can be found in products such as seed disinfectants, antiseptic sprays, animal repellents, insecticides, wood preservatives, some soaps, rodent repellents and as a nut, fruit and mushroom disinfectant.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is often chosen to achieve specific curing characteristics in rubber compounds.
This includes controlling the speed of the vulcanization process, optimizing scorch time (the time it takes for the rubber to start curing), and ensuring the final product meets the desired specifications.
One of the advantages of using TM/ETD together is the reduction in scorch time.

Scorch time is the time it takes for the rubber compound to start curing at a certain temperature.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8)s feature planar dithiocarbamate subunits and are linked by an S−S bond of 2.00 Å.
The C(S)−N bond is short (1.33 Å), indicative of multiple bonding.

The dihedral angle between the two dithiocarbamate subunits approaches 90°.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) are weak oxidants.
They can be reduced to dithiocarbamates.

Treatment of a Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), or with cyanide salts, yields the corresponding thiuram sulfide: (R2NCSS)2 + PPh3 → (R2NCS)2S + SPPh3
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) contains 12.1% available sulfur and can be activated by thiazoles and sulfenamides.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is also used in nitrile rubber, SBR and EPDM.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) refers to the use of these two chemical compounds as accelerators in rubber vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) are members of the thiuram class of accelerators and are commonly used in the rubber industry to promote the vulcanization process.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used to achieve a balanced vulcanization process with desirable properties in the final rubber product.

This combination allows rubber manufacturers to tailor the curing characteristics, such as curing rate and scorch time, to meet the specific requirements of different rubber formulations.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can exhibit synergistic effects, where the overall acceleration performance is greater than the sum of the
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is a blend of tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (60%) and tetraethyl thiuram disulfide (40%).

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) exhibits excellent dispersibility and requires zinc oxide and fatty acid.
The combination can help prevent premature curing during processing.
The combination of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can result in synergistic effects, where their combined action enhances the overall performance of the vulcanization process.

This synergy allows for improved efficiency in achieving the desired properties in the final rubber product.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) accelerators are sensitive to temperature, and the combination allows for the adjustment of the vulcanization temperature range.
This can be crucial in industries where temperature control during processing is a key consideration.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combinations are often compatible with other rubber additives, such as accelerators, activators, and fillers.
This compatibility allows for the fine-tuning of rubber formulations to meet specific performance requirements.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) in combination with other accelerators to create versatile formulations that suit different applications.

The choice of accelerators depends on factors such as the type of rubber, intended use of the final product, and processing conditions.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is used in a variety of rubber applications, including tire manufacturing, industrial rubber goods, and consumer products.
The choice of accelerator combination is often optimized for the specific requirements of each application.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is employed in various rubber applications, including the manufacturing of tires, belts, hoses, seals, and other molded rubber products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) are compatible with a range of rubber polymers, and the combination allows for flexibility in formulating rubber compounds with different base polymers.
Industries using Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) need to adhere to regulatory standards regarding their production, handling, and use.

Compliance ensures the safety of workers and the quality of the final rubber products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is a very active, sulfur-bearing, non-discoloring organic accelerator.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is a rubber chemieal, an accelerator of vulcanization.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) represents the most commonly positive allergen contained in the "thiuram mix".
Rubber producers carefully control the dosage and combination of accelerators to ensure consistent quality in their products.
Quality control measures help maintain the desired physical and mechanical properties of the rubber.

Ongoing research in the rubber industry continues to explore new accelerator combinations, including alternatives to traditional accelerators, with the aim of improving performance, reducing environmental impact, and meeting evolving industry standards.
The most frequent occupational categories are the metal industry, homemakers, health services and laboratories, building industries, and shoemakers.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8)s are a class of organosulfur compounds with the formula (R2NCSS)2.

Many examples are known, but popular ones include R = Me and R = Et.
They are disulfides obtained by oxidation of the dithiocarbamates.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8)s are used in sulfur vulcanization of rubber as well as in the manufacture of pesticides and drugs.

They are typically white or pale yellow solids that are soluble in organic solvents.
An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is designed to give non-blooming cures in EV and semi-EV systems.
Typical oxidants employed include chlorine and hydrogen peroxide:
2 R2NCSSNa + Cl2 → (R2NCSS)2 + 2 NaCl

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8)s react with Grignard reagents to give esters of dithiocarbamic acid, as in the preparation of methyl dimethyldithiocarbamate: [Me2NC(S)S]2 + MeMgX → Me2NC(S)SMe + Me2NCS2MgX
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combinations are chosen based on the desired balance of curing time, scorch resistance, and final product properties.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8)s are prepared by oxidizing the salts of the corresponding dithiocarbamates (e.g. sodium diethyldithiocarbamate).

Melting point: 156-158 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 129 °C (20 mmHg)
Density: 1.43
vapor pressure: 8 x 10-6 mmHg at 20 °C (NIOSH, 1997)
refractive index: 1.5500 (estimate)
Flash point: 89°C
storage temp.: under inert gas (argon)
solubility: 0.0184g/l
form: solid
pka: 0.87±0.50(Predicted)
Water Solubility: 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,9371
BRN: 1725821
Exposure limits NIOSH REL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3, IDLH 100 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: 0.5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3.
InChIKey: KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.730

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is often chosen, in part, to help reduce the formation of nitrosamines, enhancing the safety profile of the final rubber products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is decomposed in acidic media.
In water, the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can be oxidatively degraded to a number of products.

The rate of degradation depends on pH and the type of any cations that might be present.
The Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) allows rubber manufacturers to adjust the vulcanization rate.
This is important for optimizing processing times and ensuring efficient production in various manufacturing processes.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combinations are employed in the formulation of specialty rubber compounds, where specific curing characteristics and properties are required.
This includes applications in which precise control over the vulcanization process is critical.
In tire manufacturing, the TM/ETD combination may be used in the formulation of tread compounds.

The accelerators contribute to the rapid and controlled vulcanization of the rubber, enhancing the performance and durability of the tire tread.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can contribute to improved resistance to oil and heat in the final rubber product.
This is particularly important in applications where the rubber material is exposed to challenging environmental conditions.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is chosen to provide processing stability during the production of rubber compounds.
This ensures that the vulcanization process can be effectively controlled without compromising the stability of the rubber during processing.
Rubber products vulcanized with the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination may exhibit enhanced aging properties.

The accelerated vulcanization process contributes to the development of a robust rubber matrix that withstands environmental factors over an extended period.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination adhere to industry standards and specifications to ensure the compatibility and performance of rubber products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is often used in conjunction with sulfur as part of the vulcanization system.

The interaction between accelerators and sulfur is carefully balanced to achieve the desired curing characteristics and final product properties.
In certain adhesive formulations involving rubber, the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination may be employed to modify the curing characteristics and enhance the performance of the adhesive.
This is particularly relevant in applications where strong and durable bonds are required.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) helps control the cross-link density of the polymer matrix.
This has implications for the mechanical and elastic properties of the rubber, influencing its performance in various applications.
The rubber industry continues to explore new combinations of accelerators, including those involving Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), to address evolving needs, improve efficiency, and align with
sustainable practices.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination plays a crucial role in controlling the physical properties of vulcanized rubber.
These properties include hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear resistance.
The careful selection and dosage of accelerators contribute to achieving the desired balance in these characteristics.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can contribute to improvements in dynamic properties, such as resilience and fatigue resistance, in vulcanized rubber.
This is important in applications where the rubber is subjected to repeated or cyclic stress.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is compatible with a variety of rubber types, including natural rubber and various synthetic rubbers.

This versatility makes it applicable to a wide range of rubber formulations used in diverse industries.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) accelerators may be used in the vulcanization of rubber used in wire and cable insulation.
The vulcanization process ensures that the rubber insulation provides electrical insulation, mechanical strength, and durability.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) are often used in combination with sulfur to form an efficient vulcanization system.
This combination contributes to the formation of cross-links in the rubber matrix, resulting in the desired physical and mechanical properties.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination may exhibit improved resistance to aging, including resistance to heat, oxygen, and other environmental factors.

This is particularly advantageous in applications where rubber products are exposed to challenging conditions over time.
Ongoing research in rubber chemistry explores not only the efficiency of accelerator combinations but also their environmental impact.
The rubber industry is actively seeking sustainable practices, and this includes the investigation of alternative accelerators and vulcanization systems.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is also used as a fungicide, rodent repellent; wood preservative; and may be used in the blending of lubricant oils.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) deteriorates on prolonged exposure to heat, air or moisture.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) values are estimated as 128 days, 18 days and 9 hours at pH 4, 7 and 9, respectively (PM).

The Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is stable in alkaline media but unstable in acidic conditions, decomposing to dimethylamine and carbon disulfide.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8)s have been used as rubber components: Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer; a seed, nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant; a bacteriostat for edible oils and fats; and as an ingredient in suntan and antiseptic sprays and soaps.
Rubber processing conditions, such as temperature and time, are influenced by the choice and combination of accelerators.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is selected to provide a favorable balance between processing time, curing rate, and scorch resistance.
Rubber compounders have the flexibility to adjust the ratio of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) based on the specific requirements of the rubber formulation.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) flexibility allows for customization of rubber compounds for different applications.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), which are potentially carcinogenic compounds, can form during the vulcanization process involving certain accelerators.
Production method Of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8):
The preparation of sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate(SDD): the reaction of dimethylamine hydrochloride and carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide can generate sodium dimethylamino dithiocarbamate.

The reaction temperature is 50~55℃ and the pH value is 8~9.
The preparation of thiram: the reaction of SDD (or Diram) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid can produce thiram.
The reaction temperature is controlled at 10 ℃ below and the end pH value is 3 to 4.

Chlorine can also be used instead of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.
The reaction is performed in the sieve tray tower, from the bottom of which the diluted chlorine is introduced and from the top of which 5% sodium solution is sprayed, which is called chlorine-air oxidation method.
There are also other methods, such as sodium nitrite oxidation or electrolytic oxidation.

Uses:
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents, and deer.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen, and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer and as a bacteriostat for edible oils and fats.

Rubberized materials used in construction, such as seals, gaskets, and other components, may undergo vulcanization with accelerators like Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) may be employed in the vulcanization of rubber soles and components used in the footwear industry.
This ensures the production of durable and resilient shoe soles.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination can be used to modify the curing characteristics and improve the adhesive properties.
This is important in applications where strong and durable bonds are required.
For slowly decomposing out of free sulfur at more than 100 ℃, it can be used as curing agent too. Its products have excellent resistance to aging and heat, so it is applicable to natural rubber, synthetic rubber and is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, tubes, shoes, cables and other industrial products.

In agriculture, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can be used as fungicide and insecticide, and it can also be used as lubricant additives.
Production methods from Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), carbon disulfide, ammonia condensation reaction was dimethyl dithiocarbamate, and then by the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to the finished product.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is a protective fungicide applied to foliage to control Botrytis spp.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) also controls rust on ornamentals, scab and storage diseases on apple and pear and leaf curl and Monilia on stone fruit.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used in seed treatments alone or in combination with added insecticides or fungicides to control damping off diseases such as Pythium spp., and other diseases like Fusarium spp. of maize, cotton, cereals, legumes, vegetables and ornamentals.
Rubber components used in agriculture, such as conveyor belts and seals, may undergo vulcanization with the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination.

This ensures that the rubber parts can withstand the harsh conditions encountered in agricultural operations.
Certain rubber components used in the oil and gas industry, such as seals and gaskets, may undergo vulcanization using accelerators like Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
This is to ensure that the rubber parts can withstand the demanding conditions of oil and gas applications.

In the manufacturing of vibration control products, such as mounts and isolators, the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination may be used to enhance the properties of rubber components.
The vulcanization process improves the durability and performance of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
Rubber compounds with the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination may find applications in medical and healthcare products.

For example, rubber components in medical devices, gloves, or healthcare equipment may undergo vulcanization to ensure reliability and safety.
Rubber components used in rail transportation, such as seals and gaskets, may undergo vulcanization with accelerators like Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
This ensures the durability and reliability of rubber parts in the challenging conditions of rail applications.

Rubber components used in water treatment equipment, such as seals and gaskets, may benefit from the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination during vulcanization.
This enhances the chemical resistance and durability of rubber parts in water treatment applications.
Seals and gaskets in various industrial equipment, including pumps, valves, and machinery, may undergo vulcanization using the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination.

This enhances the sealing properties and longevity of these rubber components.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) belongs to protective fungicides of broad spectrum, with a residual effect period of up to 7d or so.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is mainly used for dealing with seeds and soil and preventing powdery mildew, smut and rice seedlings damping-off of cereal crops.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can also be used for some fruit trees and vegetable diseases.
For example, dressing seed with 500g of 50% wettable powder can control rice blast, rice leaf spot, barley and wheat smut.
As pesticides, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is often referred to as thiram and is mainly used for the treatment of seeds and soil and the prevention and controlling of cereal powdery mildew, smut and vegetable diseases.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, is often referred to as accelerator TMTD and is the representative of thiuram vulcanization accelerator, accounting for 85% of the total amount of similar products.
Accelerator T is also the super accelerator of natural rubber, diene synthetic rubber, Ⅱ, R and EPDM, with the highest utilization rate of all.
The vulcanization promoting force of accelerator T is very strong, but, without the presence of zinc oxide, it is not vulcanized at all.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used for the manufacture of cables, wires, tires and other rubber products.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as the late effect promoter of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polyisoprene rubber.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used for the pest control of rice, wheat, tobacco, sugar beet, grapes and other crops, as well as for the seed dressing and soil treatment.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is suitable for the manufacture of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, and can also be used as curing agent.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is the second accelerator of thiazole accelerators, which can be used with other accelerators as the continuous vulcanization accelerator.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can be used as the super-vulcanization accelerator, and aften used with thiazole accelerator.
This enhances the durability and performance of rubber products in construction applications.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is employed in the formulation of specialty rubber compounds where specific curing characteristics and properties are required.

In the manufacturing of foam rubber products, such as cushions and padding, the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) may be used as accelerators in the vulcanization process to impart the necessary properties for comfort and resilience.
Rubber components in various consumer goods, such as toys, sporting equipment, and household items, may undergo vulcanization using the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination to ensure the desired properties and durability.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is also used as a rodent repellent, wood preservative, and may be used in the blending of lubricant oils.

The tetramethyl derivative, known as Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), is a widely used fungicide.
The tetraethyl derivative, known as Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8), is commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) produces an acute sensitivity to alcohol ingestion by blocking metabolism of acetaldehyde by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to a higher concentration of the
aldehyde in the blood, which in turn produces symptoms of a severe hangover.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is widely used in the production of tires.
Vulcanization accelerators play a key role in ensuring that tires have the necessary strength, elasticity, and heat resistance for safe and reliable performance on vehicles.
Various industrial rubber products, including belts, hoses, seals, gaskets, and other molded rubber components, utilize the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination during vulcanization.

This enhances the mechanical properties of these goods, making them suitable for diverse industrial applications.
Rubber components in automobiles, such as engine mounts, seals, and gaskets, often undergo vulcanization with accelerators like Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
This ensures the durability and performance of these rubber parts in the challenging conditions of automotive use.

Rubber used for insulation in wires and cables can benefit from the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) during vulcanization.
The process enhances the electrical insulation properties and mechanical strength of rubber, making it suitable for use in various electrical applications.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) can also be used in combination with other accelerators as the continuous rubber accelerator.

Rubber products used in the mining industry, such as conveyor belts and seals, may undergo vulcanization with accelerators like Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8).
This ensures the durability and reliability of rubber components in mining applications.
Rubber components used in the electronics industry, such as gaskets and seals for electronic devices, may undergo vulcanization using the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination.

This contributes to the reliability and protection of electronic components.
Rubberized fabrics and components used in the textile industry may undergo vulcanization with the Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination.
This ensures the durability and performance of rubberized materials in textile applications.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) combination is often used in research and development efforts within the rubber industry.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) serves as a reference or benchmark accelerator in studies aimed at developing new rubber formulations or exploring alternative accelerators.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as fungicide; bacteriostat; pesticide; rubber vulcanization accelerator; scabicide; seed disinfectant; animal repellent; insecticide; lube-oil additive; wood
preservative; in antiseptic sprays; in the blending of lubrieant oils; used against Botrytis, rusts and downy mildews; seed dressing against "damping off' and verticillium wilt; ethanol antagonist and deterrent
in mixtures of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl derivatives; antioxidant in polyolefin plastics; peptizing agent in polysulphide elastomers; in soaps and rodent repellents; nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is used as a fungicide to prevent crop damage in the field and to prevent crops from deterioration in storage or transport.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) is also used as a seed, nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant from a variety of fungal diseases.

Safety Profile:
Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes.
Mutation data reported, Affects human pulmonary system.
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) a rmld allergen and irritant.

Acute poisoning in experimental animals produced liver, hdney, and brain damage.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic and teratogenic data.
Other experimental reproductive effects.

Toxic effects of thiram have been described in humans and animal model systems ranging from liver injury, testicular toxicity, ophthalmological changes, and development of micronuclei in bone marrow.
However, the mechanisms of these effects are not characterized and inconsistent across various studies.

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) appears to result from its potential to disrupt cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress.
In cultured human skin fibroblast, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (Cas 137-26-8) results in an increase in oxidative markers such as lipid peroxidation and oxidation of reduced glutathione and decrease in other endogenous antioxidant.

Health Hazard:
Inhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation.
Liquid irritates eyes and skin and may cause allergic eczema in sensitive individuals.
Ingestion causes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, all of which may be persistent; paralysis may develop.

Fire Hazard:
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating oxides of sulfur are formed.
Carbon disulfide may be formed from unburned material.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) belongs to the thiuram class of compounds and is commonly used as an accelerator in the vulcanization of rubber.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is known by various trade names and is widely employed in the rubber industry to enhance the curing process of rubber, leading to improved physical properties and durability.

CAS Number: 137-26-8
EC Number: 205-286-2

APPLICATIONS

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is extensively used in the rubber industry as an accelerator during the vulcanization process.
Its primary application is in the production of rubber goods, including tires, conveyor belts, and automotive components.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) accelerates the cross-linking of polymer chains in rubber, leading to improved strength and elasticity.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed to enhance the wear resistance and durability of rubberized materials.
In the tire industry, TMTD contributes to the development of high-performance and long-lasting tire treads.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a key ingredient in the manufacturing of footwear, providing rubber soles with desirable properties.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the production of various rubber products that require resistance to abrasion and environmental factors.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a crucial role in controlling the vulcanization rate, influencing the processing characteristics of rubber.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is often utilized in combination with other accelerators to achieve specific curing properties tailored to different rubber formulations.

Its application extends to the production of industrial hoses and belts, where durability is essential.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of rubber compounds for applications in the construction and automotive industries.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in molded rubber products to improve their mechanical and thermal properties.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is recognized for its contribution to reducing cure time during rubber processing, enhancing production efficiency.

In the agricultural sector, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is explored for its potential use as a fungicide to protect crops against fungal infections.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the production of rubberized fabrics and materials used in protective clothing.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has applications in the production of seals and gaskets where resistance to wear and environmental factors is crucial.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the formulation of rubber compounds for various industrial applications, such as in machinery and equipment.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD)'s role in preventing scorching during rubber processing allows for improved control over the vulcanization process.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of latex products, including gloves, to enhance their physical properties.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to improving the aging resistance of rubber products, extending their service life in various applications.

In the footwear industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used to produce rubber outsoles with optimal wear resistance and durability.
Its presence in rubber formulations helps achieve a balance of properties, making it suitable for diverse applications.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the production of automotive components such as rubber seals and grommets.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the formulation of rubber adhesives and sealants for various bonding applications.
Its widespread applications across industries highlight TMTD's significance in enhancing the performance and longevity of rubber-based products.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is crucial in the formulation of rubber compounds for the creation of durable and resilient automotive tires.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD)'s use extends to the production of rubberized components in the aerospace industry, where high-performance materials are required.

In the mining industry, TMTD finds application in the manufacturing of conveyor belts for the efficient transport of materials.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the formulation of rubber gloves, providing elasticity and strength to the final latex product.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the production of rubberized seals and gaskets used in various mechanical and industrial applications.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of rubberized rollers, contributing to their wear resistance and longevity.

Its presence in rubber adhesives enhances bonding properties, making it suitable for diverse applications.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the production of rubberized footwear, including sneakers and work boots, for improved durability.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the manufacturing of damping materials for machinery, providing vibration resistance.
In the marine industry, TMTD is used in the production of rubber components for vessels, ensuring resistance to seawater exposure.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the production of rubberized coatings for various surfaces, contributing to weather resistance.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a role in the creation of rubberized sporting goods such as balls, ensuring durability and performance.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the formulation of rubber compounds for the production of industrial belts used in manufacturing processes.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is an essential component in the production of high-performance rubberized hoses for various applications.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the manufacturing of rubberized bushings and mounts for automotive and machinery applications.
In the construction industry, TMTD contributes to the formulation of rubber materials used in seals and expansion joints.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the production of rubberized insulation materials for electrical cables and wiring.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the creation of rubberized flooring materials for industrial and commercial spaces.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the development of rubberized automotive components, including engine mounts and gaskets.
In the medical industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the production of rubberized medical devices and equipment.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a role in the formulation of rubberized components for agricultural machinery, ensuring durability in harsh conditions.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the production of rubberized materials for the automotive industry, including seals and grommets.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the formulation of rubberized conveyor belts used in the food processing industry.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the creation of rubberized components for heavy-duty equipment in the construction and mining sectors.
Its versatile applications in different industries underscore TMTD's significance in enhancing the properties and performance of rubber-based products.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of rubberized diaphragms used in various industrial applications, including pumps and valves.
In the automotive industry, TMTD is utilized in the production of rubberized engine mounts, providing vibration dampening.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the formulation of rubberized automotive belts, contributing to their longevity and resistance to wear.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is crucial in the creation of rubberized seals for fluid containment, ensuring leak-proof performance in hydraulic and pneumatic systems.
In the textile industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the formulation of rubber coatings for fabrics, providing water resistance and durability.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the production of rubberized rollers used in printing and manufacturing processes for efficient material handling.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of rubberized roofing materials, enhancing weather resistance and longevity.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the production of rubberized footwear components, including insoles and heel pads.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the formulation of rubberized conveyor belts used in material handling systems across industries.

In the electronics industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the creation of rubberized components for electrical insulation and protection.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the production of rubberized linings for tanks and vessels in the chemical processing industry.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the formulation of rubberized components for household appliances, ensuring durability and reliability.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a role in the production of rubberized playground surfaces, providing impact resistance and safety.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the creation of rubberized components for the aerospace industry, including seals and gaskets for aircraft.
In the medical field, TMTD is used in the formulation of rubberized components for medical devices and equipment.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the creation of rubberized bushings and mounts for shock absorption in automotive and industrial applications.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the production of rubberized conveyor belts for the mining and material extraction industry.

In the marine sector, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of rubberized components for ships, boats, and offshore equipment.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a role in the creation of rubberized components for sports equipment, including shock-absorbing materials.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the formulation of rubberized components for the agricultural industry, including machinery parts and hoses.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the production of rubberized components for the energy sector, including seals for pipelines and valves.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the formulation of rubberized components for air and water filtration systems, providing durability and efficiency.

In the packaging industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the creation of rubberized components for sealing and closure applications.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the production of rubberized components for the renewable energy sector, including solar and wind energy systems.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is crucial in the formulation of rubberized components for the manufacturing of consumer goods, ensuring product durability and reliability.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the formulation of rubberized components for the production of automotive belts, ensuring optimal performance in engines.
In the aerospace industry, TMTD contributes to the manufacturing of rubberized gaskets and seals for aircraft, providing reliable sealing properties.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the creation of rubberized components for industrial machinery, including seals and grommets for equipment.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the formulation of rubberized components for electrical insulation, contributing to the safety and efficiency of electrical systems.

In the production of industrial hoses, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed to enhance the durability and wear resistance of the rubber material.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a role in the formulation of rubberized conveyor belts used in material handling systems for mining and bulk material transport.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the manufacturing of rubberized components for the oil and gas industry, including seals and gaskets for pipelines.
In the creation of rubberized components for consumer electronics, TMTD ensures the durability and reliability of various electronic devices.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the formulation of rubberized components for medical equipment, providing flexibility and resistance to wear.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the production of rubberized coatings for cables and wires, enhancing their insulation properties.
In the automotive sector, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a crucial role in the formulation of rubberized components such as bushings and mounts for suspension systems.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the creation of rubberized components for the construction industry, including seals and gaskets for infrastructure projects.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the formulation of rubberized components for marine applications, ensuring resistance to saltwater and environmental conditions.
In the creation of rubberized components for renewable energy systems, TMTD enhances the durability and performance of materials used in solar and wind energy applications.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in the formulation of rubberized components for the production of consumer goods, including seals and gaskets for appliances.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the creation of rubberized components for the defense industry, including gaskets and seals for military equipment.
In the agricultural sector, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is employed in the formulation of rubberized components for machinery, providing durability in farm equipment.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the production of rubberized components for the textile industry, ensuring wear resistance in textile machinery.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is applied in the formulation of rubberized components for the footwear industry, enhancing the durability and wear resistance of shoe soles.
In the manufacturing of rubberized components for recreational equipment, TMTD plays a role in ensuring durability and performance.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is utilized in the creation of rubberized components for the food and beverage industry, including seals and gaskets for processing equipment.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) finds application in the formulation of rubberized components for the pharmaceutical industry, providing flexibility and reliability in medical devices.
In the production of rubberized components for the packaging industry, TMTD ensures the integrity and reliability of sealing materials.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) contributes to the formulation of rubberized components for the telecommunications industry, including cable insulation and protection.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is crucial in the creation of rubberized components for the automotive aftermarket, ensuring the reliability of replacement parts and accessories.

DESCRIPTION

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) belongs to the thiuram class of compounds and is commonly used as an accelerator in the vulcanization of rubber.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is known by various trade names and is widely employed in the rubber industry to enhance the curing process of rubber, leading to improved physical properties and durability.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide, commonly known as TMTD, is a sulfur-containing organic compound.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a white to light yellow powder with a characteristic odor.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has the molecular formula (CH3)2NCS2CS2CH3 and belongs to the thiuram class of compounds.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is widely recognized for its role as an accelerator in the vulcanization process of rubber.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) facilitates the formation of cross-links between polymer chains during rubber vulcanization, enhancing the material's strength and elasticity.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a key ingredient in the production of rubber products, including tires, conveyor belts, and footwear.
Its use in the rubber industry contributes to the improvement of wear resistance and overall durability of rubberized materials.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is soluble in various organic solvents but has limited solubility in water.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is known by several trade names, including Thiram, Thiram-Disulfiram, and Accelerator TMTD.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has a CAS Registry Number of 137-26-8 and an EC Number of 205-286-2.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is often used in combination with other accelerators to achieve specific vulcanization properties in rubber.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) plays a crucial role in controlling the curing rate of rubber, influencing its processing characteristics.
In addition to its applications in rubber, TMTD has been studied for its potential uses in agriculture, acting as a fungicide.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) should be handled with care due to its toxicity, and proper safety precautions should be observed during its production and use.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has a melting point around 142-147 °C, contributing to its suitability for rubber processing temperatures.

The chemical structure of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) consists of two thiuram disulfide groups, contributing to its vulcanization-promoting properties.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is recognized for its ability to improve the aging resistance of rubber products, extending their service life.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is often employed in the formulation of rubber compounds to achieve a balance of mechanical properties.

Its use is regulated in various industries to ensure proper handling and minimize environmental impact.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has a role in preventing scorching during rubber processing, allowing for improved control over the vulcanization process.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is known for its moderate solubility in benzene, toluene, and other organic solvents.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has been studied for its potential allergenic effects, and individuals handling it should be aware of potential sensitization risks.
Its presence in rubber formulations contributes to the reduction of cure time, enabling efficient production processes.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has a relatively low vapor pressure, reducing the likelihood of inhalation exposure during handling.
As a vital component in rubber manufacturing, TMTD continues to play a crucial role in the development of durable and high-performance rubber products.

PROPERTIES

Molecular Formula: C6H12N2S4
Refractive index: 1.5500 (estimate)
Flash point: 89°C
Storage temp.: under inert gas (argon)
Solubility 0.0184g/l
Form: solid
pka: 0.87±0.50(Predicted)
Water Solubility 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)
Molecular Weight: Approximately 240.43 g/mol
Physical State: White to light yellow powder
Odor: Characteristic, may smell faintly of sulfur or thiuram
Melting Point: Approximately 142-147 °C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: Varies depending on the form; for example, the density of the powder is typically around 1.41 g/cm³.
Vapor Pressure: Low; decomposes before significant vaporization.

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen. Seek immediate medical attention.
If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration and seek emergency medical assistance.

Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation persists or signs of exposure are evident, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be removed and washed before reuse.

Eye Contact:

Flush eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or other signs of exposure persist.

Ingestion:

If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth with water.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

First Aid Notes:

Provide general supportive measures such as rest and warmth.
Keep the affected person under observation.
Treat symptoms and provide medical attention as needed.
In case of skin contact or eye exposure, it is crucial to remove contaminated clothing promptly to prevent further contact.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Use respiratory protection if ventilation is insufficient and exposure levels are high.

Ventilation:
Work in well-ventilated areas to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation or respiratory protection if needed.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid skin contact and inhalation of vapors, dust, or aerosols.
Use tools or equipment to handle the substance, minimizing direct contact.

Preventive Measures:
Implement good industrial hygiene practices, including regular handwashing and not touching the face or eyes while working.
Prohibit eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where the substance is handled.

Storage:
Store TMTD in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.
Store away from heat sources and direct sunlight.

Separation from Incompatible Materials:
Store away from strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.
Avoid contact with copper and its alloys.

Handling Precautions:
Use dedicated equipment for handling TMTD to prevent cross-contamination.
Ensure that all containers are properly labeled with relevant hazard information.

Spill and Leak Response:
In the event of a spill, use appropriate absorbent materials to contain and clean up the substance.
Avoid generating dust and take precautions to prevent the substance from entering waterways or sewers.

Storage:

Temperature Control:
Store TMTD in a temperature-controlled environment to prevent excessive heat or cold exposure.

Container Integrity:
Regularly inspect containers for integrity and leaks.
Damaged or leaking containers should be replaced, and spilled material should be cleaned promptly.

Inventory Control:
Maintain an inventory control system to ensure that stock levels are monitored, and expiration dates are observed.

Security Measures:
Secure storage areas to prevent unauthorized access.
Follow relevant security protocols for hazardous substances.

Emergency Equipment:
Ensure that emergency equipment, such as eye wash stations and safety showers, is easily accessible in storage areas.

Compatibility:
Store TMTD away from incompatible chemicals, including those with which it may react.

Regulatory Compliance:
Adhere to local, national, and international regulations regarding the storage and handling of hazardous substances.
Keep relevant documentation, including safety data sheets (SDS), readily available.

Training:
Provide training to personnel on proper handling, storage, and emergency procedures related to TMTD.
Ensure that personnel are aware of the potential hazards associated with the substance.

SYNONYMS

Thiram
Thiuram
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide
Thiuram E
Disulfiram tetramethylthiuram
TMTD
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) sulfide
Accelerator TMTD
Thiride
Thiram super
Rhodifax 17
Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
Thiram-Ready
Vancide thiram
Thiuram tetramethyl
Hexathiram
Tetramethylthiocarbanilide
Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl)
Vulkacit thiram
Aapiros
Thiram-80
Thiram 75
Agrithiram
Accelerator T
Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulfide
Accelerator TT
Thirasan
Thiuram-10
Thiram DP
Thiram technical
Tetramethylthiram disulfide
Thiram sc
Thiuram tetramethylthiuram
TMT
Disulfide tetramethylthiuram
Thiravil
Thiride super
Thiuram EVM
Rhodifax 17DP
Rhodifax 17DP/75WP
Tersan 75WP
Vancide thiram 75WP
Thiuram disulfide tetramethyl
Disulfiram
Thiofide
Hexa thiram
Thiuram 80
Thiram granules
Tetramethylthiuram disulphide
Rhodex TMTD

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a rubber chemieal, an accelerator of vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) represents the most commonly positive allergen contained in the "thiuram mix".
The most frequent occupational categories are the metal industry, homemakers, health services and laboratories, building industries, and shoemakers.

CAS: 137-26-8
MF: C6H12N2S4
MW: 240.43
EINECS: 205-286-2

Synonyms
1,1’-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthio-formamid;1,1’-dithiobis(n,n-dimethylthioformamide);Aapirol;Accel TMT;Accelerator T;Accelerator Thiuram;acceleratort;acceleratorthiuram;thiram;Tetramethylthiuram disulfide;137-26-8;Thiuram;Rezifilm;TMTD;Pomarsol;Thirame;Arasan;Fernasan;Nobecutan;Thioscabin;Thirasan;Aapirol
;Tersan;Tetrathiuram disulfide;Tetramethylthiuram;Falitiram;Formalsol;Hexathir;Kregasan;Mercuram;Normersan;Sadoplon;Spotrete;Tetrasipton;Thillate;Thiramad;Aatiram;Atiram;Fermide;Fernide;Hermal;Pomasol;Puralin;Thiosan;Thiotox;Thiulin;Thiulix;Heryl;Pomarsol forte;Methyl tuads;Accelerator T;Methyl Thiram;Fernasan A;Tetramethylthiuram disulphide;Nocceler TT;Arasan-M;Bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide;Thiram B;Arasan-SF;Cyuram DS;Ekagom TB;Hermat TMT;Tetramethylenethiuram disulfide;Accel TMT;Accelerator thiuram;Aceto TETD;Radothiram;Royal TMTD;Tetramethyl-thiram disulfid;Fernacol;Sadoplon 75;Tetramethylthiuram bisulfide;Tetrapom;Thioknock;Thirampa;Thiramum;Anles;Arasan-SF-X;Aules;Thimer;Panoram 75;Tetramethylthiouram disulfide;Tetramethylthiurane disulfide;Arasan 70;Arasan 75;Tersan 75;Thiram 75;Thiram 80;Spotrete-F;TMTDS;Arasan 70-S Red;Tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide;Methylthiuram disulfide;N,N-Tetramethylthiuram disulfide;Metiurac;Micropearls;Nomersan;Thianosan;Cunitex;Delsan;Thimar;Teramethylthiuram disulfide;Tersantetramethyldiurane sulfide;Pol-Thiuram;Arasan 42-S;Tetramethylthiurum disulfide;Disulfure de tetramethylthiourame;Tetrathiuram disulphide;Sranan-sf-X;Hy-Vic;SQ 1489;Chipco thiram 75;Bis(dimethyl-thiocarbamoyl)-disulfid;Orac TMTD;Tetramethylthioramdisulfide;Tetramethyldiurane sulphite;Thiotox (fungicide);Disulfide, bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl);Bis((dimethylamino)carbonothioyl) disulfide;Fermide 850;Tetramethyl thiuramdisulfide;Tetramethylthiocarbamoyldisulphide;Thiuramyl;Thylate;Methyl thiuramdisulfide;Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) disulfide;Tetramethyl thiurane disulfide;Bis(dimethyl thiocarbamoyl)disulfide;Thirame [INN-French];Thiramum [INN-Latin];Thiuram D;Disolfuro di tetrametiltiourame;Tetramethyl thiurane disulphide;Tetramethylenethiuram disulphide;N,N'-(Dithiodicarbonothioyl)bis(N-methylmethanamine);RCRA waste number U244;Flo Pro T Seed Protectant;Tetramethylthiuram bisulphide

An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.
A liquid solution of a white crystalline solid.
Primary hazard is to the environment.
Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment.
Easily penetrates the soil to contaminates groundwater and waterways.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) Chemical Properties
Melting point: 156-158 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 129 °C (20 mmHg)
Density: 1.43
Vapor pressure: 8 x 10-6 mmHg at 20 °C (NIOSH, 1997)
Refractive index: 1.5500 (estimate)
Fp: 89°C
Storage temp.: under inert gas (argon)
Solubility: 0.0184g/l
Form: solid
pka: 0.87±0.50(Predicted)
Water Solubility: 16.5 mg/L (20 ºC)
Merck: 14,9371
BRN: 1725821
Exposure limits: NIOSH REL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3, IDLH 100 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: 0.5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3.
InChIKey: KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.730
CAS DataBase Reference: 137-26-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) (137-26-8)
IARC: 3 (Vol. Sup 7, 53) 1991
EPA Substance Registry System: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) (137-26-8)

Pure colorless crystal; no smell; m.p.155~156°C; relative density 1.29; easily soluble in benzene, chloroform (230g/L), acetone (80g/L), carbon disulfide and other organic solvents; slightly soluble in ether and ethanol (<10g/L); insoluble in water (30mg/L); decomposing under acid condition; industrial products are white or light yellow powder, with a m.p. of more than 146℃.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a colorless to yellow, crystalline solid.
Characteristic odor.
Commercial pesticide products may be dyed blue.

Uses
1. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) belongs to protective fungicides of broad spectrum, with a residual effect period of up to 7d or so.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is mainly used for dealing with seeds and soil and preventing powdery mildew, smut and rice seedlings damping-off of cereal crops.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) can also be used for some fruit trees and vegetable diseases.
For example, dressing seed with 500g of 50% wettable powder can control rice blast, rice leaf spot, barley and wheat smut.

2. As pesticides, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is often referred to as thiram and is mainly used for the treatment of seeds and soil and the prevention and controlling of cereal powdery mildew, smut and vegetable diseases.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD), as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, is often referred to as accelerator Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) and is the representative of thiuram vulcanization accelerator, accounting for 85% of the total amount of similar products.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is also the super accelerator of natural rubber, diene synthetic rubber, Ⅱ, R and EPDM, with the highest utilization rate of all.
The vulcanization promoting force of Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is very strong, but, without the presence of zinc oxide, it is not vulcanized at all.

3. Used for the manufacture of cables, wires, tires and other rubber products.
4. Used as the super accelerator of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex.
5. Used as the late effect promoter of natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber and polyisoprene rubber.
6. Used for the pest control of rice, wheat, tobacco, sugar beet, grapes and other crops, as well as for the seed dressing and soil treatment.
7. Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is suitable for the manufacture of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex, and can also be used as curing agent.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is the second accelerator of thiazole accelerators, which can be used with other accelerators as the continuous vulcanization accelerator.

8. In rubber industry, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) can be used as the super-vulcanization accelerator, and aften used with thiazole accelerator.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) can also be used in combination with other accelerators as the continuous rubber accelerator.
For slowly decomposing out of free sulfur at more than 100 ℃, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) can be used as curing agent too.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD)'s products have excellent resistance to aging and heat, so it is applicable to natural rubber, synthetic rubber and is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, tubes, shoes, cables and other industrial products.
In agriculture, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) can be used as fungicide and insecticide, and it can also be used as lubricant additives.
9. Production methods from dimethylamine, carbon disulfide, ammonia condensation reaction was dimethyl dithiocarbamate, and then by the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide to the finished product.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is a protective fungicide applied to foliage to control Botrytis spp. on grapes, soft fruit, lettuce, vegetables and ornamentals.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) also controls rust on ornamentals, scab and storage diseases on apple and pear and leaf curl and Monilia on stone fruit.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in seed treatments alone or in combination with added insecticides or fungicides to control damping off diseases such as Pythium spp., and other diseases like Fusarium spp. of maize, cotton, cereals, legumes, vegetables and ornamentals.

Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used as fungicide; bacteriostat; pesticide; rubber vulcanization accelerator; scabicide; seed disinfectant; animal repellent; insecticide; lube-oil additive; wood preservative; in antiseptic sprays; in the blending of lubrieant oils; used against Botrytis, rusts and downy mildews; seed dressing against "damping off' and verticillium wilt; ethanol antagonist and deterrent in mixtures of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl derivatives; antioxidant in polyolefin plastics; peptizing agent in polysulphide elastomers; in soaps and rodent repellents; nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is an ectoparasiticide.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used in agriculture to prevent fungal diseases in seed and crops.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has other applications ranging from use as a topical bactericide to animal repellent.
Rubber accelerator; vulcanizer; seed disinfectant; fungicide; bacteriostat in soap; animal repellent.

Agricultural Uses
Fungicide, Rodenticide: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used as a fungicide to prevent crop damage in the field and to prevent crops from deterioration in storage or transport.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is also used as a seed, nut, fruit, and mushroom disinfectant from a variety of fungal diseases.
In addition, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used as an animal repellent to protect fruit trees and ornamentals from damage by rabbits, rodents, and deer.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) has been used in the treatment of human scabies, as a sun screen, and as a bactericide applied directly to the skin or incorporated into soap.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is used as a rubber accelerator and vulcanizer and as a bacteriostat for edible oils and fats.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is also used as a rodent repellent, wood preservative, and may be used in the blending of lubricant oils.

Production method
The preparation of sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate(SDD): the reaction of dimethylamine hydrochloride and carbon disulfide in the presence of sodium hydroxide can generate sodium dimethylamino dithiocarbamate.
The reaction temperature is 50~55℃ and the pH value is 8~9.
The preparation of thiram: the reaction of SDD (or Diram) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid can produce thiram.
The reaction temperature is controlled at 10 ℃ below and the end pH value is 3 to 4.
Chlorine can also be used instead of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.
The reaction is performed in the sieve tray tower, from the bottom of which the diluted chlorine is introduced and from the top of which 5% sodium solution is sprayed, which is called chlorine-air oxidation method.
There are also other methods, such as sodium nitrite oxidation or electrolytic oxidation.

Reactivity Profile
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is incompatible with oxidizing materials and strong acids.
Also incompatible with strong alkalis and nitrating agents.
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, irritant to skin and eyes.
Body weight and hematologic effects.
Questionable carcinogen.

Contact allergens
This rubber chemical, accelerator of vulcanization, represents the most commonly positive allergen contained in “thiuram mix.”
The most frequent occupational categories are the metal industry, homemakers, health services and laboratories, the building industry, and shoemakers.
Tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) is also widely used as a fungicide, belonging to the dithiocarbamate group of carrots, bulbs, and woods, and as an insecticide.
Thiram is the agricultural name for thiuram.

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is commonly used in the rubber industry as an accelerator in the vulcanization of rubber.
Accelerators play a crucial role in speeding up the vulcanization process, which involves the cross-linking of rubber molecules to improve the material's strength, elasticity, and other properties.
With a CAS Registry Number of 97-74-5, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a pivotal role as an accelerator in rubber industries, facilitating the vulcanization of rubber to enhance its strength, elasticity, and overall performance.

CAS Number: 97-74-5
EC Number: 202-605-7

APPLICATIONS

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is extensively used in tire manufacturing to enhance the vulcanization of rubber compounds, improving the overall performance and durability of tires.
Its application in conveyor belts ensures accelerated vulcanization, leading to the production of robust and long-lasting belts used in various industries.
The accelerator properties of Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) are harnessed in the production of rubber seals and gaskets, ensuring efficient vulcanization for effective sealing applications.

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a key role in the formulation of rubber hoses, promoting rapid vulcanization to achieve the desired mechanical properties and durability.
In the automotive industry, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) contributes to the production of rubber components such as engine mounts, grommets, and bushings, ensuring optimal vulcanization for performance and longevity.

Its application in molded rubber goods, such as O-rings and gaskets, highlights its versatility in achieving uniform vulcanization and enhancing product reliability.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the production of rubber sheets and mats, providing accelerated vulcanization to create durable and resilient materials for various applications.

Rubber footwear manufacturing benefits from the use of TMTM, as it contributes to efficient vulcanization, ensuring the quality and durability of shoes and boots.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM)'s role in the production of industrial rubber products, including seals, gaskets, and hoses, showcases its versatility in meeting diverse application needs.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is employed in the manufacturing of rubberized fabrics, promoting rapid vulcanization to produce materials with enhanced strength and resistance.

Its use in the production of rubberized coatings and linings ensures efficient vulcanization, resulting in coatings with superior adhesion and durability.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) contributes to the vulcanization of rubber compounds used in the construction industry for applications such as seals, gaskets, and vibration dampers.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the production of rubberized gloves, providing accelerated vulcanization to achieve the required strength and flexibility.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the formulation of rubber adhesives, ensuring quick vulcanization and strong bonding properties in various adhesive applications.

Rubber rollers used in printing, industrial machinery, and other applications benefit from TMTM, as it accelerates vulcanization to achieve optimal performance.
The production of rubberized cables and wires involves TMTM to promote efficient vulcanization, ensuring the durability and reliability of electrical components.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is used in the manufacturing of vibration-isolating rubber mounts, contributing to accelerated vulcanization and enhanced shock absorption properties.

Its application in the production of rubberized rollers for conveyor systems ensures efficient vulcanization, contributing to the longevity and reliability of the rollers.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a role in the formulation of rubberized flooring materials, providing accelerated vulcanization to create durable and resilient surfaces.

In the agricultural sector, TMTM is applied in the production of rubber components for machinery, ensuring accelerated vulcanization and improved wear resistance.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is employed in the production of rubberized automotive components, including engine mounts, bushings, and gaskets, contributing to efficient vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) finds application in the formulation of rubberized components for sports equipment, such as balls and protective gear, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for optimal performance.

Rubberized medical devices, including seals, gaskets, and tubing, benefit from TMTM's role in promoting efficient vulcanization and ensuring product integrity.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the production of rubberized components for the aerospace industry, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for enhanced performance and reliability.

Its application in the production of rubberized marine components, such as seals and gaskets, ensures accelerated vulcanization, contributing to the durability of marine equipment.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is instrumental in the manufacturing of rubberized automotive belts, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for increased tensile strength and wear resistance.

Rubberized components in household appliances, such as seals and gaskets, benefit from TMTM's use, providing efficient vulcanization for improved longevity.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is employed in the production of high-performance rubber diaphragms used in various industrial applications, where rapid vulcanization ensures precise functionality.

In the production of rubberized rollers for printing presses, TMTM contributes to accelerated vulcanization, supporting the creation of durable and precise printing components.
Rubberized components for medical devices, such as tubing and gaskets, utilize TMTM to ensure quick vulcanization, critical for maintaining sterility and durability.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) finds application in the formulation of rubberized components for the textile industry, including conveyor belts and seals, where accelerated vulcanization is vital for efficiency.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) contributes to the production of rubberized footwear components, such as soles and insoles, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for enhanced comfort and durability.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a role in the manufacturing of rubberized sports surfaces, such as tracks and fields, where accelerated vulcanization supports quick installation and optimal performance.

Rubberized industrial gloves, used in chemical and manufacturing environments, benefit from TMTM's inclusion, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for improved protection and flexibility.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the formulation of rubberized components for the mining industry, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for increased wear resistance in conveyor belts and hoses.
The production of rubberized engine mounts for heavy machinery incorporates TMTM to achieve accelerated vulcanization, ensuring robust isolation and durability.

In the aerospace industry, TMTM is applied to create rubberized components for seals and gaskets, where accelerated vulcanization is crucial for maintaining airtight conditions.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) contributes to the formulation of rubberized seals for oil and gas applications, where accelerated vulcanization enhances the resilience of the seals in harsh environments.

The production of rubberized components for the electronics industry, including gaskets and insulating materials, utilizes TMTM for accelerated vulcanization and reliable performance.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is employed in the formulation of rubberized components for the renewable energy sector, such as seals and gaskets for solar panels, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for longevity.

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a role in the production of rubberized components for the food processing industry, such as conveyor belts and seals, where accelerated vulcanization supports hygiene and efficiency.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is used in the manufacturing of rubberized components for the rail industry, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for increased durability in rail pads and seals.

Rubberized components for marine applications, including hoses and gaskets, benefit from TMTM's use, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for enhanced resistance to saltwater and environmental conditions.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) finds application in the production of rubberized components for the defense industry, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for robust and reliable materials.

The formulation of rubberized components for the construction industry, such as seals and gaskets for heavy equipment, incorporates TMTM for accelerated vulcanization and increased durability.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the production of rubberized components for the automotive aftermarket, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for efficient manufacturing of replacement parts.

Rubberized components for recreational vehicles, such as seals and gaskets, utilize TMTM to achieve accelerated vulcanization for improved performance and longevity.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) contributes to the formulation of rubberized components for the telecommunications industry, such as cable insulation and gaskets, where accelerated vulcanization supports reliable connectivity.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the production of rubberized components for the packaging industry, including conveyor belts and seals, where accelerated vulcanization ensures efficient and reliable operations.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is instrumental in the formulation of rubberized components for the pharmaceutical industry, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for the production of sterile and durable materials.

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a crucial role in the production of rubberized automotive hoses, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for enhanced flexibility and resistance to various fluids.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the formulation of rubberized air springs for vehicles, contributing to accelerated vulcanization and improved load-bearing capacity.

In the electronics industry, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the production of rubberized seals for electronic enclosures, providing accelerated vulcanization for environmental protection.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) finds application in the manufacturing of rubberized anti-vibration mounts for machinery, where accelerated vulcanization is vital for effective vibration isolation.

The production of rubberized elevator belts incorporates TMTM to achieve accelerated vulcanization, ensuring durability and reliable performance in vertical transport systems.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is employed in the formulation of rubberized components for agricultural machinery, such as belts and seals, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for increased reliability.

Rubberized components for inflatable structures, including seals and gaskets, benefit from TMTM, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for rapid deployment and deflation.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the production of rubberized rollers for printing and laminating processes, contributing to accelerated vulcanization and precise material transfer.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) finds use in the formulation of rubberized components for mining equipment, such as seals and gaskets, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for extended service life.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the production of rubberized conveyor belts for material handling, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for increased efficiency in industrial processes.

Rubberized components for medical equipment, including tubing and seals, incorporate TMTM to ensure accelerated vulcanization for compliance with medical-grade standards.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a role in the formulation of rubberized components for escalator handrails, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for durability and passenger safety.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the production of rubberized components for water treatment plants, such as seals and gaskets, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for reliability in harsh conditions.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the formulation of rubberized components for roller coasters, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for enhanced resistance to dynamic forces.

The production of rubberized ski lift components, including seals and gaskets, incorporates TMTM for accelerated vulcanization to withstand challenging weather conditions.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) finds application in the formulation of rubberized components for fitness equipment, such as treadmill belts, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for durability.

Rubberized components for marine engines, including hoses and gaskets, benefit from TMTM, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for resistance to saltwater and marine environments.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the manufacturing of rubberized components for industrial pumps, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for increased reliability in fluid handling.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a role in the production of rubberized components for power transmission systems, such as belts and seals, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for efficiency.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the formulation of rubberized components for amusement park rides, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for safety and longevity.

Rubberized components for aircraft interiors, such as seals and gaskets, incorporate TMTM to ensure accelerated vulcanization for compliance with aviation standards.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is utilized in the production of rubberized components for HVAC systems, contributing to accelerated vulcanization for efficient sealing and insulation.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a role in the formulation of rubberized components for geotechnical engineering applications, such as seals and gaskets for tunneling projects.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is applied in the manufacturing of rubberized components for underwater vehicles, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for durability in challenging marine environments.
Rubberized components for renewable energy systems, such as solar panel encapsulation materials, benefit from TMTM, ensuring accelerated vulcanization for prolonged exposure to environmental conditions.

DESCRIPTION

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is commonly used in the rubber industry as an accelerator in the vulcanization of rubber.
Accelerators play a crucial role in speeding up the vulcanization process, which involves the cross-linking of rubber molecules to improve the material's strength, elasticity, and other properties.

With a CAS Registry Number of 97-74-5, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) plays a pivotal role as an accelerator in rubber industries, facilitating the vulcanization of rubber to enhance its strength, elasticity, and overall performance.
Recognizable by its tetramethylthiuram backbone, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is often employed in conjunction with other accelerators to achieve optimal vulcanization rates and properties tailored to specific rubber applications.

Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM)'s molecular composition comprises sulfur, carbon, and hydrogen atoms arranged in a manner that promotes efficient cross-linking of rubber polymers during vulcanization.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is characterized by its white to light yellow powder form, a common physical state in which it is utilized in industrial settings for ease of handling and incorporation into rubber formulations.
Due to its efficacy as an accelerator, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) is widely used in the production of rubber products such as tires, conveyor belts, seals, and various molded rubber goods.

The chemical structure of TMTM allows for efficient interaction with rubber molecules, facilitating the formation of strong cross-links that improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the final rubber product.
As a member of the thiuram sulfide family, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) contributes to the optimization of vulcanization kinetics, enabling manufacturers to achieve desired curing times and properties in rubber compounds.

Its EC Number of 202-605-7 indicates its recognition within the European Community, further emphasizing its significance in industrial processes governed by regulatory standards.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM)'s presence in the rubber industry is marked by its ability to enhance the aging resistance, wear resistance, and overall durability of rubber-based materials.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM), in its role as an accelerator, accelerates the chemical reaction between rubber polymers and sulfur during vulcanization, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure.

The accelerator characteristics of TMTM make it particularly valuable in applications where rapid vulcanization is desirable, such as in the production of time-sensitive rubber goods.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM)'s compatibility with various rubber polymers, including natural rubber and synthetic rubbers like SBR and NBR, makes it a versatile choice for formulators seeking tailored rubber compounds.
Manufacturers often rely on TMTM for its effectiveness in promoting uniform vulcanization, minimizing scorching, and ensuring the overall quality of rubber products.

Its stability under proper storage conditions allows for long-term use without significant degradation, contributing to its practicality in industrial applications.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) exhibits a high decomposition temperature, providing a wide processing window during rubber compounding and vulcanization processes.

Due to its ability to enhance the vulcanization process at relatively low temperatures, TMTM contributes to energy-efficient rubber processing, reducing manufacturing costs.
Rubber compounds incorporating TMTM often exhibit improved modulus, tensile strength, and elongation properties, making it a valuable component for achieving desired material characteristics.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM)'s reactivity with sulfur-containing compounds in rubber promotes the formation of strong sulfur cross-links, resulting in rubber products with superior mechanical properties.

As a chemical of industrial importance, Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) undergoes rigorous quality control measures to ensure consistency and adherence to specified standards in rubber manufacturing.
Its use in rubber goods destined for diverse industries, including automotive, construction, and industrial applications, underscores TMTM's versatility and significance in modern manufacturing.

The handling and storage of TMTM typically adhere to industry guidelines and safety protocols, emphasizing the importance of proper handling to minimize exposure and ensure workplace safety.
Tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM)'s recognition in global markets and its established role in rubber vulcanization processes underscore its status as a key component in the production of high-quality rubber products.

PROPERTIES

Molecular Weight: Approximately 208.38 g/mol
Physical State: White to light yellow powder
Odor: Characteristic odor
Melting Point: Approximately 104-105 °C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: Information may vary; typically reported as a bulk density (e.g., 0.45 g/cm³)
Solubility in Water: Insoluble or slightly soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Varies; typically soluble in common organic solvents.
Vapor Pressure: Information may vary.
Flash Point: Information may vary.
pH: Information may not be applicable.
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions.
Compatibility: Compatible with various rubber polymers, including natural rubber and synthetic rubbers.
Reactivity: Reacts with rubber polymers during vulcanization.
Toxicity: Information may vary; exposure should be minimized, and safety guidelines followed.
Flammability: Information may vary.

FIRST AID

Inhalation:

Move to Fresh Air:
If inhaled, remove the person to an area with fresh air immediately.

Seek Medical Attention:
If respiratory irritation or difficulty breathing persists, seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
Take off contaminated clothing, shoes, and accessories immediately.

Wash Skin:
Wash affected areas with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:

Flush Eyes:
Rinse eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids open.

Seek Medical Attention:
If irritation, redness, or other symptoms persist, seek medical attention.

Ingestion:

Do Not Induce Vomiting:
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.

Rinse Mouth:
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.

Seek Medical Attention:
If swallowed or if symptoms develop, seek medical attention immediately.
Provide the medical personnel with all relevant information.

Additional Measures:

Remove Contaminated Clothing:
If clothing is contaminated, remove it promptly and thoroughly wash the exposed area.

Wash Hands:
Always wash hands thoroughly after handling TMTM or any chemical substances, even if gloves have been worn.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and protective clothing, to prevent direct skin contact.

Emergency Contact:

Emergency Services:
In case of a medical emergency, contact local emergency services or a poison control center.

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, to minimize skin contact and protect eyes.

Ventilation:
Use TMTM in well-ventilated areas or under local exhaust ventilation to prevent the buildup of vapors.

Avoidance of Contact:
Avoid direct contact with the substance, and do not inhale vapors. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

Handling Precautions:
Handle TMTM with care and follow good industrial hygiene practices. Avoid spills, splashes, and any form of skin or eye contact.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Keep TMTM away from incompatible materials, including strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents.

Avoidance of Heat Sources:
Store and handle away from heat sources, open flames, and ignition sources to prevent fire hazards.

Prevention of Contamination:
Prevent contamination of the substance by using dedicated equipment and tools for handling.

Proper Dispensing:
Dispense TMTM carefully to minimize dust generation. Consider using closed systems and appropriate dust control measures.

Labeling:
Ensure proper labeling of containers, including information on the substance, associated hazards, and safety precautions.

Storage:

Cool and Dry Storage:
Store TMTM in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation and maintain stability.

Temperature Control:
Store at temperatures within the specified range provided by the manufacturer to prevent undesirable reactions or changes in properties.

Incompatible Materials:
Segregate TMTM from incompatible materials.
Ensure proper storage arrangements to avoid contact with substances that may react with or contaminate it.

Ventilation:
Ensure storage areas are well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of vapors.

Containers:
Store TMTM in approved containers made of compatible materials, such as steel or plastic, and keep them tightly closed when not in use.

Labeling and Documentation:
Clearly label storage containers with the substance name, hazards, and necessary safety information.
Maintain accurate documentation of storage conditions.

Handling of Packages:
Handle containers carefully to prevent damage and leakage.
Inspect packages regularly for signs of damage or deterioration.

Emergency Response Equipment:
Have appropriate emergency response equipment, such as spill kits and fire extinguishers, readily available in the storage area.

SYNONYMS

Thiram
Thiuram
TMTD
Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) sulfide
Dimethylthiuram monosulfide
Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide ([(H2N)C(S)]2S2), N,N-dimethyl-
Thiuram E
Thiuram D
Thiuram M
Thiuram T
Vulkacit L
Accelerator TMTM
Thiram M
Rhodifax 17
Royal Thiram
Thiuram A
Thiuram 20
Thiuram DPT
Thiuram EPM
Thiuram F
Thiuram G
Thiuram W
TMTM (Tetramethylthiuram monosulphide)
Agrox TMTM
Arasan 42S
Rhodifax T
Sulphenamide Ts
Thiram-Disulfiram
Thiuram EPM
Vulkacit TMTM
Accelerator Ts
Agrosan TMTM
Amodisulfiram
Arasan TMTM
Benzamid disulfide
Dipentamethylene thiuram tetrasulfide
Dithiram
Ekagom GS
Thirum (pesticide)
Thiuram 125
Thiuram MTS
Thiuram MTT
Thiuram TDS
Vancide 51
Vulkacit T
Ziram but not a mixture
Caswell No. 082B
TS
TMTM (zinc salt)
TMTM-EG
Thiuram Monosulfide
N,N'-Dimethylthiuram Disulfide
Thiuram D
Thiuram EPT
Vulkacit Ts
Zinc Dimethylthiocarbamate
Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid, Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide
Thiram-Disulphide
Accel TMTM
Dithiophos TS
Farmacel TS
Phyturam
Rhodex TS
Septocid TS
Sumirubber TMTM
Thiocarbamylthiram
Thiram-Natrium
Tiuram TS
TMTD (Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide)
Vancide 89
ZDMC-75
Agrithiram
Crystex TMTM
Ekagom TMTM
Seetec TMTM

TETRANYL AT-7590 is a cationic surfactant for household softeners.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is an ecological and biodegradable product.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is a cationic surfactant recommended for ordinary household softeners.

CAS Number: 91995-81-2
EINECS Number: 295-344-3

TETRANYL AT-7590 is an ecological and biodegradable product with anti-static, rewetting and softening effect.
TETRANIL AT-7590 is a cationic surfactant from a new generation of ester quats.

TETRANIL products have better biodegradability, lower toxicity and less irritation than typical quaternary ammonium compounds.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is chemically stable for a long time under suitable storage conditions (at 25°C and in its original unopened package).
It is recommended to homogenize TETRANYL AT-7590 at 50°C before use.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is a general recommendation to use the entire container at a time.
TETRANYL AT-7590 has anti-static, rewetting and softening effect.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is a non-yellowing product.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is recommended for normal fabric softener.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is a cationic surfactant from a new generation of ester quats.
These products have better biodegradability, lower toxicity, and less irritation than typical quaternary ammonium compounds.
Due to the viscosity performance of TETRANYL AT-7590 in the formula, it is particularly recommended for normal softeners (5 to 6% active ingredient) that require high viscosity.

TETRANYL AT-7590 can also be used in concentrated softeners.
The main functions of TETRANYL AT-7590 are antistatic and softening effects
Ecological and biodegradable cationic surfactant is used for fabric softeners.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is an esterquart type economic softener and softener base with good biodegradability.
Viscosity, fragrance and pigment must be optimized for the transition from the Quartamin-type softener base.
For safety reasons, TETRANYL AT-7590 should be stored in well-ventilated areas conditioned for flammable products.

It is recommended to avoid temperatures above 40°C of TETRANYL AT-7590 for long-term storage.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is a cationic surfactant.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is obtained by the condensation reaction of fatty acids of animal origin and triethanolamine, and then quaternized.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is offered in isopropanol solution, as a white to yellow paste.
TETRANYL AT-7590 contains 90% of the active substance: Dihydrogenated Tallowethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate & Ditallowethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate (INCI name).
TETRANYL AT-7590 creates dispersions in water.

This cationic emulsifier primarily works as an anti-static agent, and secondarily as a hair conditioning and detangling ingredient.
TETRANYL AT-7590's known for helping to soften and moisturize the hair, and can also work as a wetting agent in cosmetic products
TETRANYL AT-7590 is a Dipalmitoylethyl Hydroxyethyl Ammonium Methosulfate in Isopropanol with functional properties of conditioning agent, primary emulsifier and film former.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is used in hair conditioners, creams and lotions.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is chemically stable for a long time under suitable storage conditions (at 25°C and in its original unopened package).

TETRANYL AT-7590 is recommended to homogenize TETRANYL AT-7590 at 50°C before use.
Shelf life of TETRANYL AT-7590 can be accepted as a minimum of 1 year under proper storage conditions.

Appearance (20ºc) : Solid Paste
Concentratıon (%) : 90 Approx.
Ash (%) : < 0.1
Meltıng Poınt (ºc) : 40 Approx.
Volatıle Solvent (%) : Isopropyl Alcohol
Flash Poınt (ºc) : 25 - 35
Character : Cationic
Appearance: Paste/Liquid
Actual Matter (%): >98
Color: 3>(Gardner)
pH: 2.0-3.0(5%aq.)

Quaternary ammonium compounds like TETRANYL AT-7590 have a positively charged nitrogen atom, which gives them surfactant and antimicrobial properties.
These compounds can help lower the surface tension of liquids, making them effective as emulsifiers, detergents, and fabric softeners.
The positive charge also allows quats to bind to negatively charged surfaces, which is why they are often used as conditioning agents and in antimicrobial applications.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is a chemical compound commonly used in the formulation of personal care and household products, particularly in hair care and fabric care products.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is a type of quaternary ammonium compound, often referred to as a "quaternary ammonium salt" or "quaternary ammonium compound."

TETRANYL AT-7590 is primarily used as a conditioning and anti-static agent.
TETRANYL AT-7590 has surfactant properties, which means it can help reduce the surface tension of liquids and aid in the dispersion of other substances.
In hair care products like conditioners and shampoos,TETRANYL AT-7590 is used to improve the texture and manageability of hair by reducing static and enhancing softness.

In fabric care products, such as fabric softeners and laundry detergents, TETRANYL AT-7590 is utilized to reduce static cling in clothes, enhance fabric softness, and make ironing easier.
Products containing TETRANYL AT-7590 or any other cosmetic ingredient are subject to regulations set by governmental agencies.
In the United States, for example, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates cosmetics and their ingredients, ensuring they are safe for consumer use.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is a substance derived from tallow, which is a rendered form of animal fat.
Tallow is commonly sourced from cattle, sheep, or other animals and has been used historically for various purposes, including soap and candle making, as well as in the production of certain industrial products.

TETRANYL AT-7590 indicates that the tallow has undergone a process called hydrogenation, which involves adding hydrogen to the fatty acids present in the tallow.
This process can result in the saturation of some or all of the carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chains, making the fatty acids more stable and less susceptible to oxidation.

Uses
TETRANYL AT-7590 is likely used in various industries as an ingredient in products such as cosmetics, personal care items, and cleaning products.
It might be used for its emollient or moisturizing properties.
One of the primary uses of TETRANYL AT-7590 is in hair care products, such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair treatments.

TETRANYL AT-7590 is commonly found in hair conditioners, shampoos, and detanglers.
TETRANYL AT-7590 helps improve hair manageability, reduce static electricity, and provide a smooth texture to the hair.
In fabric softeners and laundry detergents, TETRANYL AT-7590 reduces static cling, improves fabric softness, and makes ironing easier.

In some personal care products like moisturizers and lotions, it can provide a smooth and soft feel to the skin.
TETRANYL AT-7590 used as disinfectants and sanitizers in healthcare settings, food processing, and household cleaning products.
TETRANYL AT-7590 used in industrial processes like water treatment, paper manufacturing, and textile processing.

TETRANYL AT-7590s are employed to reduce static electricity in a range of materials, from textiles to electronics manufacturing.
TETRANYL AT-7590s can help stabilize emulsions, which are mixtures of substances that don't naturally combine, like oil and water.
TETRANYL AT-7590 is also used in fabric care products, such as fabric softeners and laundry detergents.

TETRANYL AT-7590 reduces static cling in fabrics, making clothes feel softer and more comfortable to wear.
TETRANYL AT-7590 can make ironing clothes easier by minimizing wrinkles and creases.

Beyond personal care and household products, quaternary ammonium compounds like TETRANYL AT-7590 have applications in industrial settings:
TETRANYL AT-7590 is used to improve the properties of fabrics, such as softness and anti-static characteristics.

Safety Considerations:
While quaternary TETRANYL AT-7590 have valuable properties and uses, there are considerations related to their safety:
TETRANYL AT-7590s can be persistent in the environment and may have potential ecological impacts if not properly managed.

Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to certain TETRANYL AT-7590s, which can lead to skin irritation or other adverse reactions.
Like any chemical, TETRANYL AT-7590 should be used according to recommended guidelines and concentrations to ensure both efficacy and safety.

Synonyms
Dipalmitoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate
UNII-X241W7C3L7
X241W7C3L7
161294-46-8
(Hydroxyethyl)methylbis(palmitoyloxyethyl)ammonium methyl sulfate
Ethanaminium, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)-N-(2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)ethyl)-, methyl sulfate (1:1)
Ethanaminium, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)-N-(2-((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)ethyl)-, methyl sulfate (Salt)
SCHEMBL81271
DTXSID60167103
Q27293381
DIPALMITOYLETHYL HYDROXYETHYLMONIUM METHOSULFATE [INCI]
Hexadecanoic acid, diester with N,N,N-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methanaminium methyl sulfate
Mixture of O-isopropyl ethylthiocarbamate emulsifiers
mixture of isopropyl ethyl thioncarbamate and emulsifiers
mixture of carbamothioic acid
ethyl-
O- (1-methylethyl) ester and emulsifiers
mixture of ethylthiocarbaminsure-O-isopropylester and emulsifiers
mixture of N-ethylthionocarbamic acid O-isopropyl ester and emulsifiers
mixture of O-propan-2-yl N-ethylcarbamothioate and emulsifiers
mixture of O-propan-2-yl N-ethylcarbamothioate and emulsifiers.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an inorganic acid composed of the elements chromium, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark, purplish red, odorless, sand-like solid powder.
When dissolved in water, Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid.

CAS Number: 7738-94-5
EC Number: 231-801-5
Chemical Formula: H2CrO4
Molecular Weight: 118.010 g/mol

CHROMIC ACID, Chromic(VI) acid, 7738-94-5, dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium, Acide chromique, Caswell No. 221, Chromic acid (H2CrO4), tetraoxochromic acid, CCRIS 8994, HSDB 6769, UNII-SA8VOV0V7Q, SA8VOV0V7Q, EINECS 231-801-5, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 021101, AI3-51760, dihydroxidodioxidochromium, dihydrogen(tetraaoxidochromate), DTXSID8034455, CHEBI:33143, J34.508C, CHROMIUM HYDROXIDE OXIDE (CR(OH)2O2), (CrO2(OH)2), [CrO2(OH)2], Acide chromique [French], Chromium hydrogen oxide, Pesticide Code: 021101, DTXCID6014455, KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L, AMY22327, AKOS025243247, Q422642, Chromic acid [Wiki], 231-801-5 [EINECS], 7738-94-5 [RN], chromic acid (H2CrO4), Chromium, dihydroxydioxo- [ACD/Index Name], Dihydroxy(dioxo)chrom [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dihydroxy(dioxo)chrome [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name], Dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium [ACD/IUPAC Name], SA8VOV0V7Q, [CrO2(OH)2], 11115-74-5 [RN], 1333-82-0 [RN], 13530-68-2 [RN], 13765-19-0 [RN], 199384-58-2 [RN], 237391-94-5 [RN], 24934-60-9 [RN], 9044-10-4 [RN], Acide chromique [French], chromate [Wiki], Chromatite syn, CHROMIC ACID|DIOXOCHROMIUMDIOL, CHROMIC ANHYDRIDE, chromic(VI) acid, Chromium hydroxide oxide, Chromium trioxide [Wiki], dihydrogen(tetraaoxidochromate), dihydrogen(tetraaoxidochromate); dihydroxidodioxidochromium, dihydroxidodioxidochromium, dihydroxy-dioxochromium, dihydroxy-dioxo-chromium, Gelbin, H2CrO4, SOLID CHROMIC ACID, tetraoxochromic acid, UNII:SA8VOV0V7Q, UNII-SA8VOV0V7Q, Yellow ultramarine, 铬酸 [Chinese]

Tetraoxochromic acid is a very weak acid and Tetraoxochromic acid salts can be dissociated event by acetic acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid has a strong oxidising action and is itself reduced to CrO3; because of this, Tetraoxochromic acid should never be used in combination with alcohol or formalin.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an inorganic acid composed of the elements chromium, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark, purplish red, odorless, sand-like solid powder.
When dissolved in water, Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid.

There are 2 types of Tetraoxochromic acid: molecular Tetraoxochromic acid with the formula H2CrO4 and diTetraoxochromic acid with the formula H2Cr2O7.

The term Tetraoxochromic acid is usually used for a mixture made by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to a dichromate, which may contain a variety of compounds, including solid chromium trioxide.
This kind of Tetraoxochromic acid may be used as a cleaning mixture for glass.

Tetraoxochromic acid may also refer to the molecular species, H2CrO4 of which the trioxide is the anhydride.
Tetraoxochromic acid features chromium in an oxidation state of +6 (or VI).
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong and corrosive oxidising agent and a moderate carcinogen.

Tetraoxochromic acid is formed when chromium trioxide reacts with water.
Chromium trioxide is crystalline, light red or brown in color and is deliquescent and fully soluble in water.

In a number of fixing fluids, however, Tetraoxochromic acid is used together with formalin–the reducing action being slow, the fixation is completed before the acid is fully reduced.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong precipitant of protein but Berg (1927) found Tetraoxochromic acid to be a very weak precipitant of nuclein.

The dissociation of Tetraoxochromic acid in water may result in H+ and HCrO4− or 2H+ and CrO4− ions.
According to Berg (1927), protein undergoes denaturation and precipitation by the primary action of Tetraoxochromic acid, and the secondary action results in hardening.

He holds that the ion HCrO4− is responsible for the secondary action.
Chemical reaction probably occurs between protein and Tetraoxochromic acid, but the exact steps are not precisely known.

However, the principal affinity of chromium is for the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.
Green (1953) suggested that coordinates with –OH and –NH2 are formed after reaction with carboxyl groups.

Proteins, acted upon by Tetraoxochromic acid, are resistant to the action of pepsin and trypsin.
Tetraoxochromic acid penetrates the tissues slowly and the hardening induced by this acid makes the tissue resistant to hardening by ethanol in subsequent processing.
Tetraoxochromic acid does not cause excessive shrinkage of the tissue.

Materials fixed in this acid require thorough washing in water, at least overnight, otherwise the deposition of chromic crystals not only hinders staining but also hampers the observation of chromosomes.
Because of Tetraoxochromic acid slight hardening action Tetraoxochromic acid is difficult to use this fluid as a fixative for squash preparations, unless softened by some strong acid, which may hamper staining.

Tetraoxochromic acid should never be used alone, as then heavy precipitates are formed causing shrinkage of nucleus and cytoplasm.
Materials treated in Tetraoxochromic acid should not be kept in strong sunlight due to the chance of breakdown of proteins.
Basic dyes adhere closely to tissue fixed in Tetraoxochromic acid.

In general, Tetraoxochromic acid is considered an essential ingredient of several fixing mixtures.
Tetraoxochromic acid imparts a better consistency to the tissue and aids staining better than osmium tetroxide.

Synonymous with concentrated sulfuric acid, the term Tetraoxochromic acid refers to a mixture formed by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to a dichromate solution that contains a variety of compounds, including solid chromium trioxide.
Tetraoxochromic acid is possible to use this type of Tetraoxochromic acid to clean glass with a cleaning solution.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H2CrO4 and is a compound compound.
Tetraoxo Tetraoxochromic acid, also known as Chromic(VI) acid, is another name for Tetraoxochromic acid.

This article discusses the structure, preparation, properties, and various applications of Tetraoxochromic acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid has a +6 (or VI) chromium oxidation state, which is also known as the hexavalent chromium oxidation state.

Chromium can exist in a number of different oxidation states, with +6 being the most extreme.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used to oxidise a wide range of organic compounds, the most common of which are alcohols.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a powerful oxidising agent that is effective against a wide range of organic compounds.
Using Tetraoxochromic acid as an oxidant, there are two basic principles that can be applied to any alcohol.

The oxidation of any alcohol containing approximately one alpha hydrogen occurs in the presence of Tetraoxochromic acid, which means that tertiary alcohols do not undergo oxidation in the presence of the acid.
The oxidation of any organic product formed, whose molecule contains at least one hydrogen atom bound to the carbonyl carbon, is further enhanced by Tetraoxochromic acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid is also called Chromic acid or Chromic(VI) acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid is usually a mixture made by adding concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) to a dichromate which consists of a variety of compounds and solid chromium trioxide.

The term Tetraoxochromic acid is generally used for a mixture made by the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid in a dichromate that may contain various compounds, including solid chromium trioxide.
This type of Tetraoxochromic acid can be used as a cleaning mixture for glass.

Tetraoxochromic acid can also be related to a molecular species, H2CrO4, which is the trioxide anhydride.
Tetraoxochromic acid contains chromium in the +6 (or VI) oxidation state.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong and corrosive oxidizing agent.

The anhydride of Tetraoxochromic acid is chromium trioxide (CrO3).
Therefore, when Tetraoxochromic acid is mentioned, CrO3 comes to mind.

Here chromium has (6+) valency.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an unstable compound and turns into di(bi) chromatic acid (H2Cr2O7) by reacting with itself.

Tetraoxochromic acid anhydride (CrO3) is a red-pink crystal and Tetraoxochromic acid specific gravity is between 2.67 and 2.82 g/cm3.
Tetraoxochromic acid melts at 197°C and slowly decomposes after melting.

Tetraoxochromic acid draws moisture from the air.
Tetraoxochromic acid is very soluble in water and organic solvents such as acetic acid, pyridine and ether.

Crude CrO3 is separated by precipitation from a mixture of saturated sulfate acid and saturated sodium bichromate.
This precipitate is purified by crystallization or melting.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid and is also a strong oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is highly destructive to plant and animal cells.
If Tetraoxochromic acid is brought into contact with an organic compound or by reduction, a serious explosion may occur.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a chromium oxoacid.
Tetraoxochromic acid has a role as an oxidising agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a conjugate acid of a hydrogenchromate.

Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a collection of compounds generated by the acidification of solutions containing chromate and dichromate anions or the dissolving of chromium trioxide in sulfuric acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid contains hexavalent chromium.

Hexavalent chromium refers to chromium in the +6 oxidation state, and is more toxic than other oxidation states of the chromium atom because of Tetraoxochromic acid greater ability to enter cells and a higher redox potential.
Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid, H2CrO4, has much in common with sulfuric acid, H2SO4 as both are classified as strong acids.

Tetraoxochromic acid was widely used in the instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to "brighten" raw brass.
A Tetraoxochromic acid dip leaves behind a bright yellow patina on the brass.

Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.
Most Tetraoxochromic acid sold or available as a 10% aqueous solution.

Also known as Tetraoxochromic or Chromic (VI) acid, Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark red purplish solid with Tetraoxochromic acid solution being corrosive to tissue and metals.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a naturally occurring oxide but can also be made by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to a dichromate which may contain a mixture of compounds such as the solid chromium trioxide.

Tetraoxochromic acid usually refers to a collection of compounds formed via the dissolution of Chromium Trioxide in Sulfuric Acid, or via the acidification of Chromate/Dichromate solutions.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a dark red, strongly corrosive liquid.

Since Tetraoxochromic acid contains chromium in Tetraoxochromic acid +6 oxidation state, Tetraoxochromic acid has strong oxidizing properties and a high redox potential.
Hence, Tetraoxochromic acid has been used as a cleaning reagent for lab glassware, textiles, and metals, and an oxidizing agent in organic chemistry reactions.

For a time, Tetraoxochromic acid was commonly used in musical instrument repair to brighten brass, and as a bleach in photograph development.
The properties that lend this compound to these applications also increase Tetraoxochromic acid toxicity due to Tetraoxochromic acid increased ability to enter cells, so some industries have phased in out in favor of alternatives.
Tetraoxochromic acid is generally available in relatively dilute solutions.

Tetraoxochromic acid solution is a type of acid that consists of a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid with dichromate and can contain many different compounds such as solid chromium trioxide.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a very good cleaner for windows.

Tetraoxochromic acid can also refer to the molecular species H2CrO4 where the trioxide is anhydride.

Tetraoxochromic acid contains chromium in the +6-valent oxidation state, which is a strong and corrosive oxidizing agent.
Since Tetraoxochromic acid is not a stable compound, Tetraoxochromic acid reacts with itself and turns into dichromatic acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid has a melting point of 197 degrees and due to Tetraoxochromic acid chemical properties, Tetraoxochromic acid absorbs moisture from the air and decomposes slowly when Tetraoxochromic acid melts.
Tetraoxochromic acid is very soluble in organic solvents such as Tetraoxochromic acid, pyridine, ether, acetic acid and water.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong acid solution that can also be used for oxidation.
Tetraoxochromic acid can be corrosive and harmful to living species such as animals and plants.
There is a possibility of creating a massive explosion if Tetraoxochromic acid comes into contact with an organic compound or through reduction.

Tetraoxochromic acid should be stored in a dry and cool environment.
Tetraoxochromic acid should be protected from heat and direct sunlight.

Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a collection of compounds generated by the acidification of solutions containing chromate and dichromate anions or the dissolving of chromium trioxide in sulfuric acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid contains hexavalent chromium.

Hexavalent chromium refers to chromium in the +6 oxidation state, and is more toxic than other oxidation states of the chromium atom because of Tetraoxochromic acid greater ability to enter cells and a higher redox potential.
Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid, H2CrO4, has much in common with sulfuric acid, H2SO4 as both are classified as strong acids.

Tetraoxochromic acid was widely used in the instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to "brighten" raw brass.
A Tetraoxochromic acid dip leaves behind a bright yellow patina on the brass.

Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.
Most Tetraoxochromic acid sold or available as a 10% aqueous solution.

DiTetraoxochromic acid:
DiTetraoxochromic acid, H2Cr2O7 is the fully protonated form of the dichromate ion and also can be seen as Tetraoxochromic acid of adding chromium trioxide to molecular Tetraoxochromic acid.
DiTetraoxochromic acid will behave the same exact way when reacting with a primary or secondary alcohol.
The caveat to this statement is that a secondary alcohol will be oxidized no further than a ketone, whereas a primary alcohol will be oxidized to a aldehyde for the first step of the mechanism and then oxidized again to a carboxylic acid, contingent on no significant steric hindrance impeding this reaction.

DiTetraoxochromic acid undergoes the following reaction:
[Cr2O7]2− + 2H+ ⇌ H2Cr2O7 ⇌ H2CrO4 + CrO3

Tetraoxochromic acid is probably present in Tetraoxochromic acid cleaning mixtures along with the mixed chromosulfuric acid H2CrSO7.

Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid:
Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid, H2CrO4, has much in common with sulfuric acid, H2SO4.
Only sulfuric acid can be classified as part of the 7 strong acids list.

Due to the laws pertinent to the concept of "first order ionization energy", the first proton is lost most easily.
Tetraoxochromic acid behaves extremely similarly to sulfuric acid deprotonation.
Since the process of polyvalent acid-base titrations have more than one proton (especially when the acid is starting substance and the base is the titrant), protons can only leave an acid one at a time.

Hence the first step is as follows:
H2CrO4 ⇌ [HCrO4]− + H+

The pKa for the equilibrium is not well characterized.
Reported values vary between about −0.8 to 1.6.
The value at zero ionic strength is difficult to determine because half dissociation only occurs in very acidic solution, at about pH 0, that is, with an acid concentration of about 1 mol dm−3.

A further complication is that the ion [HCrO4]− has a marked tendency to dimerize, with the loss of a water molecule, to form the dichromate ion, [Cr2O7]2−:
2 [HCrO4]− ⇌ [Cr2O7]2− + H2O log KD = 2.05.

Furthermore, the dichromate can be protonated:
[HCr2O7]− ⇌ [Cr2O7]2− + H+ pK = 1.8

The pK value for this reaction shows that Tetraoxochromic acid can be ignored at pH > 4.

Loss of the second proton occurs in the pH range 4–8, making the ion [HCrO4]− a weak acid.

Molecular Tetraoxochromic acid could in principle be made by adding chromium trioxide to water (cf. manufacture of sulfuric acid).

CrO3 + H2O ⇌ H2CrO4

But in practice the reverse reaction occurs when molecular Tetraoxochromic acid is dehydrated.
This is what happens when concentrated sulfuric acid is added to a dichromate solution.

At first the colour changes from orange (dichromate) to red (Tetraoxochromic acid) and then deep red crystals of chromium trioxide precipitate from the mixture, without further colour change.
The colours are due to LMCT transitions.

Chromium trioxide is the anhydride of molecular Tetraoxochromic acid.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a Lewis acid and can react with a Lewis base, such as pyridine in a non-aqueous medium such as dichloromethane (Collins reagent).

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is formed when chromium trioxide reacts with water.

Tetraoxochromic acid chemical formula is H2CrO4.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used to oxidize many classes of organic compounds.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating.
Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a collection of compounds generated by the acidification of solutions containing chromate and dichromate anions.

Tetraoxochromic acid forms dark purplish red crystals.
Tetraoxochromic acid and Tetraoxochromic acid salts are used in electroplating.

Applications of Tetraoxochromic acid:
In chemistry trade, Tetraoxochromic acid is used in chromate, which is salt of Tetraoxochromic acid, production.
A large portion of Tetraoxochromic acid’s production is used for chrome coating.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as burner in medical fields due to Tetraoxochromic acid being a good oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is also efficient in cleaning organic filth from glasses in labs but this method is not preferred because of Tetraoxochromic acid harm to environment.

Tetraoxochromic acid is also used as rubber pigment in carving processes, salt glaze making, colorizing glasses, cleaning metals, ink and dye productions.
Tetraoxochromic acid is acquired from adding additive chemicals to chrome trioxide’s aquenous solution.
Chrome trioxde is generally produced by putting 2,4 mol sodium dichromate and 2,8 mol sulphuric acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass.
Tetraoxochromic acid can be used to clean laboratory glass ware, particularly of otherwise insoluble organic residues

Tetraoxochromic acid has also been widely used in the band instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to “brighten” raw brass.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as wood preservative

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong oxidizing agent finding application in organic synthesis.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used for preparation of other chrome chemicals of analytical grades.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in chemicals (chromates, oxidizing agents, catalysts), chrome plating, intermediates, pharmaceuticals (caustic), process engraving, anodizing, ceramic glazes, colored glass, metal cleaning, inks, tanning, dyes, textile mordant and plastics.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in coating agents, surface treatment agents and surfactants.

Uses of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating, and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass.
Because a solution of Tetraoxochromic acid in sulfuric acid (also known as a sulfochromic mixture or chromosulfuric acid) is a powerful oxidizing agent, Tetraoxochromic acid can be used to clean laboratory glassware, particularly of otherwise insoluble organic residues.

This application has declined due to environmental concerns.
Furthermore, the acid leaves trace amounts of paramagnetic chromic ions (Cr3+) that can interfere with certain applications, such as NMR spectroscopy.

This is especially the case for NMR tubes.
Piranha solution can be used for the same task, without leaving metallic residues behind.

Tetraoxochromic acid was widely used in the musical instrument repair industry, due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to "brighten" raw brass.
A Tetraoxochromic acid dip leaves behind a bright yellow patina on the brass.
Due to growing health and environmental concerns, many have discontinued use of this chemical in their repair shops.

Tetraoxochromic acid was used in hair dye in the 1940s, under the name Melereon.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a bleach in black and white photographic reversal processing.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in electroplating, metal cleaning, leather tanning, and photography.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating, and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in ceramic glazes.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a photographic chemical.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as an oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a cleaner in the laboratory.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the metal finishing industry.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the leather tanning, electroplating, and anticorrosive metal treatment industries.

Tetraoxochromic acid acts as an intermediate in chromium plating.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in ceramic glazes and coloured glass.

Chromosulfuric acid or sulfochromic mixture is a strong oxidizing agent that is used to clean laboratory glassware.
Tetraoxochromic acid has the ability to brighten raw brass and therefore Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the instrument repair industry.
In the year 1940, Tetraoxochromic acid was used in hair dye.

The completely protonated form of the dichromate ion is diTetraoxochromic acid, H2Cr2O7 and can also be seen as the result of adding chromium trioxide to molecular Tetraoxochromic acid.
When reacting with an aldehyde or ketone, diTetraoxochromic acid exactly the same way.

In organic chemistry, the Tetraoxochromic acid solution can oxidize primary alcohols to aldehyde and secondary alcohol to a ketone.
But the tertiary alcohols and ketones are unaffected.
During oxidation, the colour of Tetraoxochromic acid changes from orange to brownish green.

Tetraoxochromic acid is capable of oxidising many forms of organic compounds, and many variants have been created for this reagent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is referred to as the Jones reagent in aqueous sulfuric acid and acetone, which oxidises primary and secondary alcohols into carboxylic acids and ketones, respectively, though rarely affecting unsaturated bonds.

Cromyl chloride which is used to test the presence of chloride ions in inorganic chemistry, is derived from Tetraoxochromic acid.
Chromium trioxide and pyridinium chloride produce pyridinium chlorochromate.

Tetraoxochromic acid converts to the corresponding aldehydes (R-CHO) primary alcohols.
Tetraoxochromic acid was used to repair musical instruments due to Tetraoxochromic acid ability to “brighten” raw brass.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in to manufacture metal and plastic coatings to produce a strong, tarnish-resistant, chrome finish.
Tetraoxochromic acid finds applications in many industries including in the manufacture of appliances and automobiles.

Tetraoxochromic acid is also used as a wood preservative for marine pilings, telephone poles, landscape timbers and other industrial wood applications.
Being a strong oxidizing agent, Tetraoxochromic acid also finds applications in organic synthesis and for preparation of other chrome chemicals of analytical grades.

Usage areas:
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the chemical industry to manufacture chromates, which are salts of Tetraoxochromic acid.
Most Tetraoxochromic acid is produced for use in chrome plating.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a caustic in medicine,
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in carving processes,

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in making ceramic glaze,
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in tinting windows,

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in cleaning metals,
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in ink and paint manufacturing
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as rubber pigment.

In the chemical industry, Tetraoxochromic acid is used for the manufacture of chromates, the salt form of Tetraoxochromic acid.
The area where Tetraoxochromic acid is used most in the market is the chrome plating process.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a caustic agent in the medical industry.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used during the glazing process during the production stages of handicrafts such as carving and ceramics.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the coloring phase of the glass production process.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the cleaning of metals.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in paint and ink production.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as a pigment in the production of rubber material.

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Acid and Alkali Cleaning of Metals
Electroplating
Leather Tanning and Processing
Photographic Processing
Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing)

Activities with risk of exposure:
Textile arts

General Properties of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid generally refers to a mixture produced by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to a dichromate.
Dichromate may contain several other compounds such as solid chromium trioxide.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a very good chemical for glass cleaning.
Anhydrous form of trioxide(H2CrO4) can also be called Tetraoxochromic acid.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong and abrasive oxidizing agent.
Chemically, Tetraoxochromic acid bear may remeblance to sulphuric acid and acts simlarly when yielding hydrogen.
Only sulphuric acid yields first proton much easier than Tetraoxochromic acid.

Additionally, Tetraoxochromic acid slowly disintigrates while reaching boiling point and, in proper environments, Tetraoxochromic acid becomes dessicant.

Formula of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol H and Tetraoxochromic acid atomic number is 1 and Tetraoxochromic acid electron configuration is 1s.
Tetraoxochromic acid is the lightest element.

Tetraoxochromic acid is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an extremely flammable gas, Tetraoxochromic acid burns in the air and oxygen to produce water.

Tetraoxochromic acid is used in the synthesis of Ammonia and the manufacturing of Nitrogenous fertilizers.
Tetraoxochromic acid is used as rocket fuel and is used in the production of hydrochloric acid.

Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr.
Tetraoxochromic acid atomic number is 24 and Tetraoxochromic acid electronic configuration is [Ar]3d5 4s.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a steely gray, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal.
Tetraoxochromic acid is not found as a free element in nature but is found in the form of ores.
The main ore of chromium is Chromite.

Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol O and the atomic number is 8.
Tetraoxochromic acid is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas essential to living organisms.

Tetraoxochromic acid is a reactive element that is found in water, in most rocks and minerals, and in numerous organic compounds.
Tetraoxochromic acid is the most abundant element in the earth’s crust.
Tetraoxochromic acid is life-supporting gas and highly combustible.

Structure of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid is a strong oxidizing agent.
Tetraoxochromic acid is an acid so Tetraoxochromic acid begins with H.

Next, we look at the name there is no prefix in front of the Tetraoxochromic acid.
Acids all contain hydrogen.

In this structure hydrogen bonded with chromate.
The structure of Tetraoxochromic acid starts with four oxygen atoms bonded to chromium.

Two of them have double bonds, and two have single bonds.
They singly bonded oxygen atoms each have a hydrogen bonded to them.

Reactions of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid is capable of oxidizing many kinds of organic compounds and many variations on this reagent have been developed:
Tetraoxochromic acid in aqueous sulfuric acid and acetone is known as the Jones reagent, which will oxidize primary and secondary alcohols to carboxylic acids and ketones respectively, while rarely affecting unsaturated bonds.

Pyridinium chlorochromate is generated from chromium trioxide and pyridinium chloride.
This reagent converts primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes (R–CHO).

Collins reagent is an adduct of chromium trioxide and pyridine used for diverse oxidations.

Chromyl chloride, CrO2Cl2 is a well-defined molecular compound that is generated from Tetraoxochromic acid.

Illustrative transformations:
Oxidation of methylbenzenes to benzoic acids.
Oxidative scission of indene to homophthalic acid.
Oxidation of secondary alcohol to ketone (cyclooctanone) and nortricyclanone.

Use in qualitative organic analysis:
In organic chemistry, dilute solutions of Tetraoxochromic acid can be used to oxidize primary or secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones.
Similarly, Tetraoxochromic acid can also be used to oxidize an aldehyde to Tetraoxochromic acid corresponding carboxylic acid.

Tertiary alcohols and ketones are unaffected.
Because the oxidation is signaled by a color change from orange to brownish green (indicating chromium being reduced from oxidation state +6 to +3), Tetraoxochromic acid is commonly used as a lab reagent in high school or undergraduate college chemistry as a qualitative analytical test for the presence of primary or secondary alcohols, or aldehydes.[9]

Alternative reagents:
In oxidations of alcohols or aldehydes into carboxylic acids, Tetraoxochromic acid is one of several reagents, including several that are catalytic.
For example, nickel(II) salts catalyze oxidations by bleach (hypochlorite).

Aldehydes are relatively easily oxidised to carboxylic acids, and mild oxidising agents are sufficient.
Silver(I) compounds have been used for this purpose.

Each oxidant offers advantages and disadvantages.
Instead of using chemical oxidants, electrochemical oxidation is often possible.

Handling and Storage of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Store containers upright & tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers holding Tetraoxochromic acid and dichromates need to be stored below eye level.

Each container’s label should include a skull-and-crossbones pictogram, the word “Danger”, and identify Tetraoxochromic acid as both acutely toxic and carcinogenic.
Containers of Tetraoxochromic acid and dichromate salts must be stored in leak-proof secondary containment within a Designated Area.
The secondary container’s label should include a skull-and-crossbones pictogram, the word “Danger”, and identify Tetraoxochromic acid as both acutely toxic and carcinogenic.

Incompatibles: acids, bases, powdered metals, hydrazine, phosphorous, and all organic chemicals.

Storage Conditions:
Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for expt need to be carried.
Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties) that bears appropriate label.

An inventory should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date Tetraoxochromic acid was acquired.
Facilities for dispensing should be contiguous to storage area.

Reactivity Profile of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Tetraoxochromic acid reacts rapidly with many materials including common combustibles, often causing ignition.
Mixing with reducing reagents can cause explosions.

Dangerously reactive with acetone, alcohols, alkali metals (sodium, potassium), ammonia, arsenic, dimethylformamide, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus, peroxyformic acid, pyridine, selenium, sulfur, and many other chemicals.
Often mixed with sulfuric acid and used to clean glass ("cleaning solution").
Closed containers for used cleaning solution may explode from the internal pressure of carbon dioxide generated by oxidation of carbon compounds removed from the glass.

Safety of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Hexavalent chromium compounds (including chromium trioxide, Tetraoxochromic acids, chromates, chlorochromates) are toxic and carcinogenic.
For this reason, Tetraoxochromic acid oxidation is not used on an industrial scale except in the aerospace industry.

Chromium trioxide and Tetraoxochromic acids are strong oxidisers and may react violently if mixed with easily oxidisable organic substances.
Fires or explosions may result.

Tetraoxochromic acid burns are treated with a dilute sodium thiosulfate solution.

First Aid Measures of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of Tetraoxochromic acid(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

Move victim to fresh air if Tetraoxochromic acid can be done safely.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.

Do not perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if victim ingested or inhaled Tetraoxochromic acid; wash face and mouth before giving artificial respiration.
Use a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.

Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

Keep victim calm and warm.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

Skin Contact:
Immediately remove contaminated clothing and accessories; flush the skin with water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Eye Contact:
Check for and remove contact lenses.
Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Inhalation:
Move affected individual(s) into fresh air.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting or give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Seek medical attention.

Isolation and Evacuation:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE:
Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL:
Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE:
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2020)

Firefighting Measures of Tetraoxochromic acid:

SMALL FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE:
Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
If Tetraoxochromic acid can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:
Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

Non-Fire Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

Stop leak if you can do Tetraoxochromic acid without risk.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Protective Clothing:
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

Disposal Methods of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D007, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for Tetraoxochromic acid:
Concentration process: Reverse Osmosis.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations.
Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria.

Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur.
Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal.
If Tetraoxochromic acid is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, Tetraoxochromic acid must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste.

Preventive Measures of Tetraoxochromic acid:
If employees' clothing may have become contaminated with solids or liquids containing Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates, employees should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.
Clothing contaminated with Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates should be placed in closed containers for storage until Tetraoxochromic acid can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of substance from the clothing.
If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates, the person performing the operation should be informed of Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates hazardous properties.

Where there is any possibility of exposure of an employee's body to solids or liquids containing Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates, facilities for quick drenching of the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use.
Non-impervious clothing which becomes contaminated with Tetraoxochromic acid or chromates should be removed immediately and not reworn until Tetraoxochromic acid is removed from the clothing.

Identifiers of Tetraoxochromic acid:
CAS Number: 7738-94-5
ChEBI: CHEBI:33143
ChemSpider: 22834
ECHA InfoCard: 100.028.910
EC Number: 231-801-5
Gmelin Reference: 25982
PubChem CID: 24425
UNII: SA8VOV0V7Q
UN number: 1755 1463
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID8034455
InChI: InChI=1S/Cr.2H2O.2O/h;2*1H2;;/q+2;;;;/p-2
Key: KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L check
InChI=1/Cr.2H2O.2O/h;2*1H2;;/q+2;;;;/p-2/rCrH2O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h2-3H
Key: KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-OOUCQFSRAZ

SMILES:
O[Cr](O)(=O)=O
O=[Cr](=O)(O)O

Properties of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Chemical formula: Chromic acid: H2CrO4
Dichromic acid: H2Cr2O7
Appearance: Dark red crystals
Density: 1.201 g cm−3
Melting point: 197 °C (387 °F; 470 K)
Boiling point: 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water: 169 g/100 mL
Acidity (pKa): -0.8 to 1.6
Conjugate base: Chromate and dichromate

Molecular Weight: 118.010 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 117.935813 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 117.935813 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 74.6Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Complexity: 81.3
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Related Products of Tetraoxochromic acid:
Diphenyltin Dichloride
Dipotassium Hydrogen Phosphite
1,1'-Diisooctyl Ester 2,2'-[(Dioctylstannylene)bis(thio)]bis-acetic Acid (Technical Grade)
Diphenylsilane-D2
4-ethynyl-α,α-diphenyl-Benzenemethanol

Names of Tetraoxochromic acid:

IUPAC names:
Chromic acid
Dichromic acid

Systematic IUPAC name:
Dihydroxidodioxidochromium

Other names:
Chromic(VI) acid
Tetraoxochromic acid

Diphosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt; Phosphosol; Tetra-Potassium Pyrophosphate; Potassium diphosphate; Tetrapotassium; TKPP; Diphosphorate; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; normal potassium pyrophosphate; Tetrakaliumpyrophosphat (German); Pirofosfato de tetrapotasio (Spanish); Pyrophosphate de tétrapotassium (French cas no: 7320-34-5

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a highly soluble, more environmentally friendly, low sodium alternative to SAPP.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a hygroscopic, white, granule.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is an efficient buffering and dispersing agent.

CAS Number: 7320-34-5
EC Number: 230-785-7
Molecular Formula: K407P2

TKPP, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium diphosphate, TKPP, Tetrakal, Potassium pyrophosphate, Potassium pyrophosphate, 7320-34-5, TKPP, Diphosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt, Potassium diphosphate, Tetrapotassium diphosphate, Potassium pyrophospate, Diphosphoric acid, potassium salt, TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, 10124-52-4, tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate, MFCD00011393, Tetra Potassium Pyrophosphate, B9W4019H5G, Tetrapotassium diphosphorate, EINECS 230-785-7, Pyrophosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt, UNII-B9W4019H5G, EINECS 233-338-4, Diphosphoric acid tetrapotassium salt, EC 230-785-7,
Potassium diphosphate tetrabasic, DTXSID3036446, Potassium pyrophosphate Anhydrous, Potassium pyrophosphate, anhydrous, RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J, BCP25976, Potassium diphosphate (K4(P2O7)), POTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [MI], POTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [FCC], AKOS015904523, Diphosphoric acid, potassium salt (1:4), TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE [INCI], FT-0710299, NS00081024, J-524026, Q2575439, Potassium Di-phosphate, Tetra-potassium Diphosphorate,
TKPP, E450 (V), diphosphoric acid tetrapotassium salt, potassium diphosphate, tetrapotassium diphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, diphosphoric acid potassium salt, tetrapotassium phosphonato phosphate, Diphosphoric Acid Tetrapotassium Salt, E 450, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate Food Grade, TKPP, TKPP, Tetrapotassium Diphosphate, Pirofosfato tetrapotásico, Pirofosfato tetrapotássico, Triphosphoric acid,potassium salt (1:5), Triphosphoric acid, pentapotassium salt, Potassium triphosphate (K5P3O10), Potassium tripolyphosphate, Potassium phosphate (K5P3O10),Pentapotassium triphosphate,Pentapotassium tripolyphosphate,Potassium triphosphate, TKPP, Sodium Pyrophosphate, Tetrasodium Phosphate, TSPP, phosphosol, Potassiumpyrophosphate,anhydrous, Potassiumpyrophosphate,trihyd, pyrophosphatedepotassium, pyrophosphatetetrapotassique, pyrophosphoricacid, tetrapotassiumsalt, tetrapotassiumdiphosphorate, POTASSIUM DIPHOSPHATE EXTRA PURE, Diphosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt, Phosphosol, Potassium diphosphate, Potassium pyrophosphate, Pyrophosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt, Tetrapotassium diphosphate, TKPP. CAS #: 7320-34-5, EC #: 230-785-7, Molecular Formula: K4P2O7, Molar Mass: 330.34 g/mol.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a game-changer in the cleaning product industry.
Its high solubility in water, alkaline nature, and unique properties make Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) indispensable in water treatment and detergent formulations.

From preventing the buildup of minerals to improving cleaning efficacy, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) proves to be a vital ingredient with both functional and economic significance.
In the realm of detergent formulation, one compound stands out for its versatility and efficacy – Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP).

This hygroscopic, white granule boasts an array of applications with various applications, from water treatment to laundry detergent.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) serves as a buffering agent, dispersing agent, protein modifier, coagulant, sequestrate, and mineral supplement.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a highly soluble, more environmentally friendly, low sodium alternative to SAPP.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a sequestering agent, highly soluble in aqueous solutions with excellent deflocculation/dispersion properties.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is in the form of colourless or white crystals, or a white crystalline or granular powder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a hydroscopic solid, soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has a higher solubility in water treatment formulations than sodium derivatives.
Let’s delve into the world of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) and explore how it contributes to the effectiveness of cleaning products.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is solubility in Water.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a hydroscopic solid that exhibits high solubility in water while being insoluble in ethanol.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is commonly found in the form of colorless or white crystals, or as a white crystalline or granular powder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) plays a significant role in various applications, including its use in water treatment formulations.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s solubility in water is noteworthy, with 187 grams of TKPP being soluble in 100 grams of water at 25°C.
The aqueous solution of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is alkaline, with a pH of approximately 10.2 at a concentration of 1%.
This solubility profile makes Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) a valuable ingredient in water treatment processes.

In water treatment applications, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is preferred due to its higher water solubility compared to corresponding sodium salts.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) serves as a shale inhibitor and a corrosive inhibitor in activities where avoiding solids build-up is essential, such as in water systems.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a hygroscopic, white, granule.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a white conglomerate or grain-like granule.
As a liquid, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) comes as a clear, odourless solution, soluble in water but insoluble in ethanol.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a whitish-colored powdered solid dissolved in an organic solvent.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a whitish-colored powdered solid.
A technical grade chemical potassium phosphate derivative, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has excellent chelating capabilities.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a potassium phosphate derivative with chelating capabilities.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a water insoluble white powder with a minimum content of 96% K4P2O7.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a salt compound composed of pyrophosphate and sodium ions, forming a colorless, transparent, crystalline compound.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a white crystalline powder that is hydroscopic, water soluble, insoluble in ethanol.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is more soluble in water than sodium compounds.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a whitish-colored powdered solid.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP), also known as TKP or tetrapotassium diphosphate, is a versatile inorganic chemical compound that is used in many industrial applications.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) appears as a white to off-white granule or powder and by nature is highly soluble.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a white powder with that is soluble in water and insoluble in ethanol.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is applied as a food additive, detergent builder, oral care agent.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can be found in herbicides as a spray adjuvant.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a white powdery substance that is soluble in water.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) also known as Tetra-potassium Di-phosphate is potassium phosphate which is white hydroscopic powder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is an efficient buffering and dispersing agent.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has higher solubility in water and has chelating capabilities.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has vast range of food and industrial uses.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a highly soluble, more environmentally friendly, low sodium alternative to SAPP.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a replacement to SAPP due to its low sodium content where LWD is the preferred method of disposal.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a potassium salt of phosphoric acid manufactured from Dipotassium Phosphate, available as WHITE POWDER.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a whitish-colored powdered solid dissolved in an organic solvent.

USES and APPLICATIONS of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a buffering agent, an emulsifier, a dispersing agent, and a thickening agent.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a buffering agent, an emulsifier, a dispersing agent, and a thickening agent, and is often used as a food additive.

Common foods containing Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) include chicken nuggets, marshmallows, pudding, crab meat, imitation crab, canned tuna, and soy-based meat alternatives and cat foods and cat treats where it is used as a palatability enhancer.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used Detergents, Buffering Agent, Dispersing Agent, Protein Modifier, Coagulant, Sequestrant, and Mineral Supplement.

Other uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP): Applications in boiler descaling, mining of ore and clay, synthetic rubber production, oil-drilling muds, fabric printing.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used exturizer, metal cleaner, sequestering agent, tissue modifier, chelating agent in non-cyanide electroplating,dispersion agent for ceramic, clay, latex and pigments and stabilizer in bleaching leather products.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used In Cosmetics, soaps and paints.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a soap and detergent builder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a water softener and an emulsifier to suspend oils and prevent them from redepositing on clothing in the wash.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a white powder with many uses that is soluble in water.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a replacement to Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) due to its low sodium content, where LWD is the preferred method of disposal.

For water treatment, as Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is potassium phosphate, it has higher water solubility compared to the corresponding sodium salts.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can be used both as a shale inhibitor and a corrosive inhibitor.

So for activities where solids build-up is to be avoided, such as water systems.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can be used along with other products for these systems.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s main oil drilling application is for dispersing mud rings when water drilling and as a rapid thinner before cementing casing.

In water well applications, typically add one viscosity cup full of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) directly down the drill pipe on each connection.
In the instances where there are areas with highly reactive clays, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is recommended to bring in a qualified individual to advise on any increased treatments that may be required.

When using to thin the mud before cementing, mix as needed into the circulating mud system.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a hygroscopic, white granule.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used for its properties as a buffering agent, dispersing agent, protein modifier, coagulant, sequestrate, and mineral supplement.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can also be used as a soap and detergent builder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also a water softener and combines magnesium to sequester it from detergents.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can reactivate detergents or soaps that have combined calcium to make insoluble scum.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can also function as a soap and detergent builder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is commonly used in oral care products, water softeners, emulsifiers, toothpaste, mouthwash, soap, and detergents to prevent the buildup of oil, calcium, and magnesium.

Additionally, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a sequestering agent, enhancing its versatility in various aqueous solutions.
Food Additives uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP): In food grade format, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has widespread applications as a buffering agent, thickening agent, emulsifier and preservative for extending shelf life.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is often used as a highly-soluble, low-sodium and environmentally-friendly alternative to sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP, also known as sodium pyrophosphate).
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used Detergent.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is the main raw material of this sector and it is used frequently in our daily life.
Covering: In this sector, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is engaged in coating with current without cyanate.
Paint: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a distributor in paint sector.
food: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as nutritional additive in the food sector with the number E 450.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used for its properties as a buffering agent, dispersing agent, protein modifier, coagulant, sequestrant, and mineral supplement.
In pet food, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to modify proteins enabling them to solubilize and retain moisture during storage.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) also increases shelf life of products by sequestering multivalent cations responsible for lipid oxidation and rancidity development.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) helps to buffer the pH of the cheese and interacts with the milk protein to promote emulsification.

In flavored milk powders, liquid Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can be added to the wet ingredient mix prior to spray drying.
The Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) will stabilize and disperse the proteins during drying.
In addition the use of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) will improve the overall viscosity, smoothness, and flavor of the final beverage.

In meat processing, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) enhances moisture retention without increasing sodium content.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has excellent chelating capabilities and holds application across cleaning, water treatment, oil and gas and more.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used for liquid cleaners and metal treatment and building industry.

Applications of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP): Cleaners and Metal treatment.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used for surface treatment, boiler descaling, detergent manufacturing, paint and coatings, mining of ore and clay, oil drilling, synthetic rubber products, food additives and detergent builders.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is an emulsifier, dispersing agent, buffering agent and thickening agent, holding roles in cleaning, oil drilling, water treatment, boiler descaling and more.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in many industrial applications such as surface treatment, paint and coatings, boiler descaling, detergent manufacturing, mining of ore and clay, oil drilling, and synthetic rubber production.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is primarily used as an additive in the electroplating industry, this product has other uses including dying.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is mainly applied to electroplaing without cyanate, industrial or household detergents.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can used as a buffering reagent as well as stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can also used as dispersion agent for ceramic, clay,latex and pigments etc.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a deflocculant, dispersant and sequestrant in water treatment, textiles and paints and coatings.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) functions as a buffering agent, dispersing agent and emulsifier.

In the water treatment industry Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) possesses the dual qualities of functioning as a corrosion and scale inhibitor.
In oil drilling applications, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) disperses mud rings when water drilling and acts as a fast acting thinner before cementing casing helping to rapidly stabilise the hole.

In the food industry, food grade Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is commonly used as a sequestrant to improve the texture and stability of a wide range of products including processed meats, cheeses, and baked goods.
In cleaning agent, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) not only softens water but also acts as a detergent builder which is added to products to make detergents work more effectively and efficiently.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is an odorless colorless liquid used for liquid cleaners and metal treatment and building industry.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a chemical compound widely used in various industries due to its unique properties.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a white crystalline powder containing four potassium ions (K+) bonded with pyrophosphate (P₂O₇²⁻).

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has excellent solubility in water, making it suitable for various applications.
Recommended Use of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP):
Buffer, Builder, Cement, Coagulant, Deflocculant, Detergents, Dispersant, Drilling Mud, Electroplating, Emulsifier Hard Surface Cleaners, I & I Cleaners, Liquid Detergents, Oil Well Drilling Mud, Paint & Coatings, Paper Coating, Potable, Water Treatment, Sequesterant, Textile, and Water Softener.

In agriculture, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in herbicide products as an adjuvant for application to plants.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) acts both as a plant nutrition promoter (source of phosphorus) and as a surfactant, allowing better and faster penetration into the plant.

This synergistic effect with herbicides increases their penetration and stimulates both active and inactive areas of plant growth, thus increasing the effectiveness of the herbicides used.
In the food industry, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP), known as E450(V)*, is commonly used as an emulsifier, especially in sausage production, as a quality improver, and as a binding agent for metal ions.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) helps to preserve the freshness and moisture, and enhances the quality of quick-frozen seafood.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can be used in seafood canning to prevent curdling, to prevent color fading in fruit products, in ice cream production to improve the degree of churning (bubble formation), in pasta or cakes to improve the flavor, or to stop cheese ageing.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a dough conditioner in soy products such as soy milk, soy milk, soy milk powder, soy milk powder and soy milk powder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used as a dough conditioner in 'meat substitutes', chicken pieces or surimi products such as crab sticks or crab meat.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a thickening additive in instant puddings.
In beverages, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a humectant, a flavor "softener", especially in dairy products, while preventing fat from settling and extending the shelf life of the products.

In cosmetics, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a buffer, chelating agent and oral care agent.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) binds calcium and magnesium ions in saliva, preventing the formation of insoluble deposits on teeth and preventing dental plaque.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is commonly found in toothpastes and mouthwashes.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used pH adjuster: Stabilizes the pH of cosmetics.
Chelating: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) reacts and forms complexes with metal ions which may affect the stability and/or appearance of cosmetic products.

Oral care/hygiene agent: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) provides cosmetic effects on the oral cavity (cleansing, deodorizing and protection)
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in electronics as a forming agent for electronic circuit boards.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in the formation of beocyanide tracks.

In paints, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as an anionic dispersant in aqueous (latex) paints.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) binds small amounts of iron, thus improving the quality of the paint.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used as a stabilizer in leather bleaches.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) acts as an emulsifier and quality improver.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in a variety of soy based alternatives to meat.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in many industrial applications such as surface treatment, boiler descaling, detergent manufacturing, paint and coatings, mining of ore and clay, oil drilling, and synthetic rubber production.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is often used as an emulsifier and buffering agent in processed meat, fish and cheese.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used as a gelling agent in instant puddings and desserts.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is widely used as cleaner agents, Plated conductor in various other industries.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as cleaner agents: in metal surface and bottle to clean.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as Plated conductor: in plating solution to compose circuit.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is in the form of white powder and granular.

In food processing, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is mainly used as emulsifier, quality modifier, metal ion chelating agent.
For quick-frozen marine products, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to keep the freshness, hold water and improve the quality.
In meat processing, better effects are achievable when Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) compounds with other phosphates, which can improve the product quality and can be used as caking agent for ham and sausage.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) also can be used to prevent the struvite of canned seafoods and the discoloration of fruit products, improve ice cream swelling rate, improve the taste of noodle and cake, and prevent the cheese aging
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a buffering agent, an emulsifier, a dispersing agent, and a thickening agent, and is often used as a food additive.

Common foods containing Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) include chicken nuggets, marshmallows, pudding, crab meat, imitation crab, canned tuna, and soy-based meat alternatives and cat foods and cat treats where it is used as a palatability enhancer.
In toothpaste and dental floss, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) acts as a tartar control agent, serving to remove calcium and magnesium from saliva and thus preventing them from being deposited on teeth.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in commercial dental rinses before brushing to aid in plaque reduction.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is sometimes used in household detergents to prevent similar deposition on clothing, but due to its phosphate content it causes eutrophication of water, promoting algae growth.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used Buffering Agents, Food & Beverage, Food Additives, Chelants, Coatings, Detergents, Emulsifiers
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used emulsifiers, tissue improvers, chelating agents are used in food industry.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used as raw materials for preparing alkaline water for pasta products.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is usually used in combination with other condensed phosphates.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is usually used to prevent struvite in canned aquatic products, prevent discoloration of canned fruits, increase the expansion of ice, yield of ham and sausage, water holding capacity of.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as an emulsifier, chelating agent and for organizational improvement in detergents, paint ingredients.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can be used as dispersant, buffering agent, water treatment, thickening agent, TKPP has excellent metal ion chelating capabilities, Etc.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is widely used as buffering agent, emulsifier, dispersing agent and thickening agent in food production.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is affirmed by US FDA as GRAS(generally recognized as safe) and widely accepted as safe food additive in many countries with E number E450.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is widely used as sequestering, buffering and emulsifying agent in food industries.
Foodchem's food grade Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is available as fine powder(>98% purity).
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used for its properties as a food and toothpaste additive, buffering agent, dispersing agent, protein modifier, and mineral supplement to name a few uses.

In pet food, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to modify proteins enabling them to solubilize and retain moisture during storage.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used in milk, cheese, and meat processing.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has proven itself in oral care as an effective anti-tartar compound.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in Periogen rinse concentrate and toothpaste
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as soap and detergent builder, sequestering agent, Peptizing and dispersing agent, Potable water treatment, emulsifier of oils and greases, Deflocculant in drilling muds, buffer and sequestrant.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) mainly applied to electroplating without cyanate, industrial or household detergents.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can used as a buffering reagent as well as stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can also be used as dispersion agent for ceramic, clay, latex and pigments etc.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is widely used as buffering and dispersing agent
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used as a protein modifier, coagulant and mineral supplement
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has industrial use in paints and coatings, surface treatment, detergent manufacturing, etc

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is now also being used for oil drying and in production of synthetic rubber.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s main application is for the dispersion of mud rings when water drilling and as a rapid thinner prior to cementing casing.

In water well applications normally add 1 viscosity cup full of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) directly down the drill pipe on each connection.
In areas with highly reactive clays, increased treatments may be required.
When using to thin the mud prior to cementing, mix as required into the circulating mud system.

-Industrial Applications:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) finds extensive use in the food industry as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is commonly employed in meat processing, seafood, and dairy products.
Additionally, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is utilized in the formulation of metal cleaners, and detergents, and as a dispersant in the ceramics industry.

-In Food Production:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is widely used as emulsifier and stabilizer in food production.
As preservatives: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in cottage cheese to delay aging, in aquatic products to maintain moisture and in fruit can to prevent discoloration.
As emulsifier: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in ham, sausage and cheese to promote emulsification.

-In Beverage:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is widely used as emulsifier, preservatives, humectant, soften agents and thickeners in beverage.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as emulsifier, preservatives, humectant, soften agents and thickeners: in dairy drinks to promote emulsification, improve mouthfeel and extend shelf life.

-In cleaning industry:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)is used as a base for soaps and detergents in the washing/cleaning industry.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) softens water and emulsifies grease, preventing it from remaining and soaking into fabrics during washing.
At the same time, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) binds calcium and magnesium ions, preventing them from forming deposits on the fabric surface.

In soaps, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) prevents the formation of insoluble soap scum that would settle on bathroom surfaces.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is also used in boiler descalers.
Due to the eutrophication it causes, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is rarely used as an ingredient in laundry detergents.

-COSMETICS:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is classifed as a buffering, chelating and oral care agent.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is the "tartar control" agent which removes calcium and magnesium from the saliva, so they can not deposit on the teeth.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is mainly used in toothpastes and mouthwash formulations.

-PAINTS:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as an anionic dispersant in water-based (latex) paints.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) removes a small amount of Fe 3 + in order to improve the quality of dyeing.

-HOUSEHOLD:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a soap and detergent builder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a water softener and an emulsifier to suspend oils and prevent them from redepositing on clothing in the wash.
As a water softener, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) combines with magnesium to sequester it from the detergent, without precipitating it onto the clothing.

As a detergent additive, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) can also "reactivate" detergents or soaps that have combined with calcium to make an insoluble scum.
Because of the eutrophication of water Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is seldom used as a detergent additive.

-Cleaning Chemicals & Detergents uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP):
• A soap and detergent builder.
• A water softener and combines magnesium to sequester it from detergents.
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to reactivate detergents or soaps that have combined calcium to make insoluble scum.

-Water Treatment uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP):
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has a higher solubility in water treatment formulations than sodium derivatives.
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in cooling tower water treatment processes as both a corrosion and scale inhibitor.
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in boiler descaling to avoid inefficiency, plugged tubes, under-deposit corrosion, hot spots caused by scale build up.

-Oil & Gas uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP):
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in oil drilling fluid and in the mining of ore and clay.
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) prevents scale and corrosion buildup in pipes, pumps and other equipment.

-Textile Chemicals & Dyes uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP):
• Dyeing: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to improve colour fastness and dye absorption.
• Paints and coatings: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used a levelling agent, sequestrant and pigment dispersant.
• Ceramic and porcelain production: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a dispersing agent.

-Other uses of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP):
• Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used synthetic rubber production.
• Electroplating: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to remove surface oxidation and prepare metal surfaces.
• Concrete production: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used a retarder for improving workability and controlling setting time.
• Fire extinguishers: Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used an additive in fire retardant formulations.

TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP) IS WIDELY USED IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES AND SECTORS:
*Detergent Industry:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is an essential component in detergent formulations.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)'s alkaline properties and chelating abilities enhance cleaning efficiency, especially in heavy-duty detergents used in industrial applications.

*Water Treatment:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)'s pH adjustment and metal ion-binding capabilities are valuable in water treatment processes.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) helps prevent scale formation and corrosion in water systems.

*Food Industry:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a buffering agent and emulsifier in food processing.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) helps maintain the desired pH in products like sauces, soups, and beverages and stabilizes emulsions.

*Metal Surface Treatments:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used to improve paint adhesion and corrosion resistance in metal surface treatments.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) acts as a surface conditioner, resulting in more durable coatings.

*Ceramic Industry:
In the ceramic industry, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a dispersing agent and binder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) promotes uniformity in ceramic formulations and enhances the durability of ceramic products.

TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP) IN LAUNDRY DETERGENT:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) plays a crucial role in detergent formulations, serving as a soap and detergent builder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) functions as a water softener and emulsifier, preventing the redeposition of oils on clothing during the wash.

In detergent powder, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) combines with magnesium to sequester it from the detergent, effectively preventing the precipitation of magnesium onto clothing.
This quality makes Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) valuable in detergent manufacturing for its ability to enhance cleaning efficacy.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s application in detergents goes beyond its role as a water softener.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) contributes to the formulation’s overall efficiency by improving the detergent’s performance in various water conditions.

Its solubility in water, as high as 187 grams per 100 grams of water at 25°C, makes Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) a valuable ingredient for achieving optimal cleaning results.

ADDING TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP) TO LAUNDRY DETERGENT PRODUCTION:
In the production of detergents, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is typically added at a specific stage to enhance the detergent’s effectiveness.
While the exact step can vary based on the specific detergent formulation and manufacturing process, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is commonly included during the formulation stage.

In this step, various detergent ingredients, including surfactants, builders, and additives, are combined to create a well-balanced and efficient cleaning product.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) serves as a crucial component in detergent formulations due to its role as a soap and detergent builder, water softener, and emulsifier.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)'s addition helps improve the overall cleaning performance of the detergent by enhancing its ability to remove stains, suspend oils, and prevent re-deposition of soils on clothing during the wash.
The inclusion of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is strategic and is aimed at optimizing the detergent’s formulation to meet performance standards.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is then added to this mixture, ensuring uniform distribution within the detergent.
The precise quantity of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) added may depend on the desired properties of the detergent and the specific cleaning challenges it aims to address.

Additionally, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) may be added alongside other builders and components to achieve a synergistic effect that maximizes the detergent’s cleaning power.
The manufacturing process often involves creating a slurry or liquid mixture of detergent ingredients.

As we conclude our exploration of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP), it’s evident that this compound transcends its role as a mere ingredient.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s a linchpin in the quest for efficient cleaning solutions, providing not just effectiveness but also offering economic advantages.

The journey through Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s applications reveals not only its impact on detergents but also its broader contributions to various industries.
As we continue to seek innovative solutions, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) remains a key player in the dynamic landscape of cleaning product formulations.

PHYSICAL DETAILS AND PROPERTIES OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP), or Potassium pyrophosphate or Potassium pyrophosphate trihydrate, appears as a white crystalline powder.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) exhibits excellent water solubility and is hygroscopic in nature.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is sourced from reputable manufacturers, guaranteeing superior purity and consistency.

METHODS OF PRODUCTION OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is produced through a controlled reaction between potassium carbonate and phosphoric acid.
The resulting compound undergoes crystallization and drying processes to yield high-quality Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP).

BENEFITS OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
*Enhanced Cleaning Power:
In detergent formulations, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) improves cleaning efficiency, making it easier to remove stubborn stains and dirt.

*pH Regulation:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) assists in pH adjustment, providing optimal conditions for various processes and maintaining a specific pH range.

*Scale and Corrosion Prevention:
When used in water treatment processes, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) helps prevent scale formation and corrosion, extending the lifespan of water systems and equipment.

*Improved Coating Performance:
In metal surface treatments, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) enhances adhesion and corrosion resistance, resulting in longer-lasting and durable coatings.

*Uniform Ceramic Formulations:
In the ceramic industry, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) promotes consistency in ceramic mixes and improves product quality and durability.

FEATURES OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
*Solubility in Water:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has excellent water solubility, allowing it to be easily incorporated into various solutions and formulations.
*Alkaline Properties:
As an alkaline compound, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) contributes to pH regulation in solutions and becomes essential in various industrial processes.
*Chelating Agent:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) has the ability to bond with metal ions, enhancing their stability in specific applications.

PRODUCTION AND REACTIONS OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is a potassium salt obtained from its carbonate and phosphates.

COMPARISON OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP) WITH STPP IN DETERGENT:
Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP) and Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) are both commonly used phosphates in detergent formulations, each serving specific purposes.

STPP is the primary phosphate utilized in powdered detergents, while Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) takes on this role in liquid detergent formulations.
Both phosphates exhibit a moderate pH ranging from 9 to 10.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP), being the primary phosphate in liquid detergents, offers advantages such as higher solubility compared to sodium salts.
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used for preventing mud rings and in water treatment due to its solubility characteristics.

On the other hand, STPP is prevalent in powdered detergents and aids in improving the ability of detergents to penetrate fibers and materials.
It also contributes to foaming and acts as a water softener.

The proportions of STPP in detergent powder formulations are specified by standards, with the Indian Standard setting minimum quantities for different grades.
STPP enhances cleaning efficacy by helping detergents penetrate materials and exhibits pH buffering capabilities.

ANALYZING THE BENEFITS OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP) IN DETERGENTS FROM AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE:
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) serves as a significant ingredient in detergents, contributing to various economic benefits.
As a soap and detergent builder, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) plays a crucial role in enhancing the cleaning efficiency of detergents.

Its properties as a water softener and emulsifier make Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) effective in suspending oils and preventing their redeposition on clothing during the wash.
This functionality contributes to the economic value of detergents by ensuring optimal cleaning performance, leading to customer satisfaction and loyalty.

From an economic standpoint, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) offers advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness and efficiency.
As a highly soluble and environmentally friendly alternative to other phosphate compounds, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) provides detergent manufacturers with a versatile and efficient ingredient.

Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)'s low sodium content and water softening properties can contribute to reducing the overall production costs of detergents.

Additionally, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP)’s application in various industries, such as cosmetics, soaps, paints, and drilling fluids, adds to its economic significance, creating a demand that further supports its production and utilization.

Furthermore, the economic benefits of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) extend to its role in food texture improvement.
In the industrial grade market, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used as a cleaning agent and aids in enhancing the texture of food products, preventing them from drying out.

This dual functionality in both cleaning and food industries contributes to the economic versatility of Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP), making it a valuable component in various manufacturing processes.

STORAGE OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
Store Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) in a tightly closed container.
Store Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Store Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) protected from moisture.

FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate (TKPP) is used in the food industry as an emulsifier, buffer, chelating agent, gelling agent, and stabilizer.

PROPERTIES OF TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
*White powder or lump.
*The relative density was 2. 534.
*Melting point 1109 ”C.
*Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol.
*The aqueous solution is alkaline.
*The solubility of 100g water is 187 g at 25 °C.
*The pH value of 1% aqueous solution was 10. 2.
*Potassium pyrophosphate has all the properties of other condensed phosphates.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
CAS No: 7320-34-5
EINECS No: 230-785-7
Composition: Potassium Pyrophosphate; Potassium diphosphate; TKPP
Physical state and appearance: White granule powder
Odor: Odorless
Molecular Weight: 330,35 g / mol.
pH (1% soln / water): 10.0-10.7
Boiling point: 1500 oC
Melting Point: 1090 oC
Formula: K407P2
Resolution: 187g / 100ml Water (25 oC)
Molecular Weight: 330.33
Molecular Formula: K4P2O7
Boiling Point: >1500
Melting Point: 1109ºC

Purity: Purity >97%
Density: 2.534
Solubility: Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol;
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 187 (very good)
Hazard Codes: Xi
HS Code: 2835399000
Log P: 0.94120
PSA: 155.23
Risk Statements: R36/37/38
RTECS: JL6735000
Safety Statements: S26-S36
Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
Molecular Weight: 330.34 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7
Rotatable Bond Count: 0

Exact Mass: 329.7667523 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 329.7667523 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 136Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 124
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 5
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
IUPAC: tetrapotassium; phosphonato phosphate
INCI: TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE
CAS: 7320-34-5
Molar mass: 330,34 g/mol

Density: 2,61 g/cm3
Solubility: 1870 g/l
Physical state: solid
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point: 1.090 °C
Initial boiling point and boiling range: Decomposition
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 10 g/l - soluble

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 2,33 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: 2,61 at 21 °C
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Product Name: Potassium tripolyphosphate
CAS No.: 13845-36-8
Molecular Formula: H5O10P3.5K
InChIKeys: InChIKey=XAEBQEWQPPRSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Weight: 448.41
Exact Mass: 447.68900

EC Number: 237-574-9
UNII: NCS08RO8PB
DSSTox ID: DTXSID2047482
HScode: 2835399000
PSA: 185
XLogP3: 1.49640
Appearance: white Powder
Density: 2,54 g/cm3
Melting Point: 620°C
Water Solubility: Very soluble in water
PH: Between 9,2 and 10,5 (1 % solution)
Appearance: White granules or powder
Molecular Weight: 330.34
Bulk Density: 0.96 – 1.2 g/cc
Type: Potassium Phosphate
Solubility: 187g/100g H20 @ 25°C
pH: 10.2 – 10.7 (1% solution @ 25°C)

FIRST AID MEASURES of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
hygroscopic
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of TETRAPOTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE (TKPP):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available

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