Detergents, Cosmetics, Disinfectants, Pharma Chemicals

AMODIMETHICONE
Tris(phosphonomethyl)amine; NTF; ATMP; Amino tris(methanephosphonic acid); Briquest 301-500; Budex 5130; Dequest 2000; Dowell L 37; Ferrofos 509; Masquol P 320; Mayoquest 1320; NTMP; NTPA; Nitrilotrismethylenetriphosphonic acid; Nitrilotris(methylene) Triphosphonic acidr; Nitrilotris(methylphosphonic acid); AMP; ATMP; Aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid; (Nitrilotris(methylene))triphosphonic acid; P,P',P''-(Nitrilotris(methylene))trisphosphonic acid CAS NO:6419-19-8
AMODIMETHICONE

Amodimethicone is a clear to pale yellow liquid.
Amodimethicone is a modified silicone polymer.
Amodimethicone is a water-soluble silicone that can provide conditioning and detangling benefits to hair.

CAS Number: 71750-80-6



APPLICATIONS


Amodimethicone is commonly used in hair care products as a conditioning agent.
Amodimethicone can help reduce hair breakage and improve overall hair health.
Amodimethicone can also make hair easier to comb and style.

Amodimethicone can provide a smoothing effect to hair, reducing frizz and flyaways.
Amodimethicone is often used in leave-in conditioners and detangling sprays.

Amodimethicone can be added to shampoos and conditioners to enhance their conditioning properties.
Amodimethicone can also be used in hair serums and styling products.

Amodimethicone can help protect hair from damage caused by heat styling tools.
Amodimethicone is a popular ingredient in hair treatments and masks.
Amodimethicone can help improve the overall texture and appearance of hair.

Amodimethicone can be used in skin care products as a moisturizer.
Amodimethicone can help improve the texture and feel of skin.

Amodimethicone can also be used in sunscreens to improve their water resistance.
Amodimethicone can help prevent the sunscreen from washing off in water.
Amodimethicone can be used in makeup products as a skin-conditioning agent.

Amodimethicone can help improve the overall appearance and texture of the skin.
Amodimethicone can be added to lotions and creams to enhance their moisturizing properties.

Amodimethicone can help prevent dryness and improve skin hydration.
Amodimethicone can be used in bath and shower products as a conditioning agent.
Amodimethicone can help improve the feel and texture of the skin after bathing.

Amodimethicone can be added to deodorants to improve their texture and feel.
Amodimethicone can help prevent skin irritation caused by deodorants.

Amodimethicone can be used in fragrances to improve their texture and longevity.
Amodimethicone can help the fragrance last longer on the skin.
Amodimethicone is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a wide range of personal care products.


Amodimethicone is widely used in the personal care industry for hair and skin care applications due to its unique properties.

Some of its applications are:

Hair conditioners:
Amodimethicone is often used in hair conditioners to help detangle hair and improve its manageability.

Hair serums:
Amodimethicone is used as an ingredient in hair serums to add shine and protect hair from damage caused by heat styling tools.
Shampoos: Amodimethicone is used in shampoos to help control frizz and improve the texture of hair.

Hair sprays:
Amodimethicone can be used in hair sprays to help hold hair in place and protect it from humidity.

Leave-in hair treatments:
Amodimethicone is used in leave-in hair treatments to improve the overall appearance and health of hair.

Skincare:
Amodimethicone is also used in skincare products like moisturizers, lotions, and creams to improve skin texture and provide a silky feel.

Sunscreens:
Amodimethicone is used in sunscreens to provide a silky feel and make it easier to spread the product.

Anti-aging products:
Amodimethicone can be used in anti-aging products to improve the texture and appearance of the skin, helping to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Lipsticks:
Amodimethicone is used in lipsticks to provide a smooth and silky feel.

Deodorants:
Amodimethicone can be used in deodorants to provide a smooth feel and help control sweat.

Fragrances:
Amodimethicone is used in fragrances to help the scent last longer and provide a smooth feel.

Body washes:
Amodimethicone can be used in body washes to provide a smooth feel and improve the texture of the skin.

Bath oils:
Amodimethicone can be used in bath oils to provide a silky feel and improve skin texture.

After-sun products:
Amodimethicone can be used in after-sun products to soothe the skin and improve skin texture.

Foot creams:
Amodimethicone is used in foot creams to provide a silky feel and improve skin texture.

Hand creams:
Amodimethicone can be used in hand creams to provide a smooth feel and improve skin texture.

Body lotions:
Amodimethicone is used in body lotions to provide a silky feel and improve skin texture.

Massage oils:
Amodimethicone can be used in massage oils to provide a silky feel and improve skin texture.

Bath and shower gels:
Amodimethicone is used in bath and shower gels to provide a smooth feel and improve skin texture.

Makeup:
Amodimethicone can be used in makeup products to provide a smooth and silky feel.

Eyeliners:
Amodimethicone is used in eyeliners to provide a smooth feel and improve the application of the product.

Mascara:
Amodimethicone can be used in mascara to improve the application and provide a smooth feel.

Blush:
Amodimethicone is used in blush to provide a smooth feel and improve the application of the product.

Foundations:
Amodimethicone can be used in foundations to provide a silky feel and improve the application of the product.

Concealers:
Amodimethicone is used in concealers to provide a smooth feel and improve the application of the product.


Amodimethicone has several other applications, including:

As a conditioning agent in hair care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, to improve the appearance and manageability of hair.
As a detangling agent in hair care products, to reduce hair breakage and improve combability.
As an emulsifier in skin care products, to help mix oil and water-based ingredients and improve the consistency of the product.
As an anti-static agent in hair care products, to reduce static electricity and frizz.
As a shine enhancer in hair care products, to improve the appearance and brightness of hair.
As a smoothing agent in hair care products, to reduce frizz and flyaways and improve the texture of hair.
As a film-forming agent in hair care products, to create a protective barrier on hair and reduce damage from heat styling tools.
As a surfactant in cleaning products, such as shampoos and body washes, to help remove dirt and oils from the skin and hair.
As a lubricant in personal care products, to reduce friction and improve the texture of the product.
As a moisturizer in skin care products, to help hydrate and soften the skin.
As a thickening agent in personal care products, to increase the viscosity of the product and improve its texture.
As a conditioning agent in textile manufacturing, to improve the softness and durability of fabrics.
As a release agent in the manufacture of rubber products, to prevent sticking and improve the ease of release from molds.
As a wetting agent in agricultural products, to help pesticides and herbicides spread evenly over plants and improve their effectiveness.
As a lubricant in industrial machinery, to reduce friction and wear on moving parts.
As a foam stabilizer in personal care products, to improve the stability and longevity of foam.
As a viscosity controller in industrial coatings, to improve the flow and texture of the product.
As a mold release agent in plastic manufacturing, to prevent sticking and improve the ease of release from molds.
As a slip agent in plastic films, to improve their smoothness and reduce friction.
As a lubricant in the manufacturing of metal parts, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of machining operations.
As a release agent in the production of polyurethane foam, to prevent sticking and improve the ease of release from molds.
As a lubricant in the manufacturing of rubber parts, to reduce friction and improve the efficiency of molding and extrusion processes.
As a processing aid in the manufacture of thermoplastics, to improve the flow and processability of the material.
As a coating in the printing industry, to improve the adhesion and durability of ink on paper and other substrates.
As an additive in the production of adhesives and sealants, to improve their bonding properties and reduce their viscosity.


Amodimethicone is used in hair care products to improve manageability and reduce frizz.
Amodimethicone is often included in shampoos, conditioners, and styling products to provide a smooth, silky texture.
Amodimethicone can help protect hair from heat damage caused by blow drying or flat ironing.

Amodimethicone can also provide UV protection to prevent color fading and damage from the sun's rays.
In skin care products, Amodimethicone can improve the texture and spreadability of creams and lotions.

Amodimethicone can also help prevent moisture loss and improve skin hydration.
Amodimethicone is commonly used in leave-in hair treatments to provide long-lasting conditioning and detangling.

Amodimethicone can help protect hair from environmental damage and keep it looking healthy and shiny.
Amodimethicone is used in antiperspirants to provide a smooth, silky feel and reduce irritation.

Amodimethicone can also help prevent white residue from forming on clothing.
In wound dressings, Amodimethicone can provide a moist environment for healing and reduce pain and inflammation.
Amodimethicone is used in textile coatings to improve water repellency and durability.

Amodimethicone can also enhance the softness and texture of fabrics.
Amodimethicone can be used as a release agent in the manufacture of rubber and plastic products.

Amodimethicone can help prevent sticking and improve the surface finish of molded parts.
In personal lubricants, Amodimethicone can improve glide and reduce irritation.

Amodimethicone is also used in condoms to improve their durability and prevent breakage.
Amodimethicone is used in the production of adhesives and sealants to improve bonding and reduce viscosity.
Amodimethicone can also improve resistance to temperature and environmental conditions.

In automotive products, Amodimethicone is used to improve the water repellency of windshields and windows.
Amodimethicone can also improve the performance of wiper blades and prevent streaking.

Amodimethicone is used in the production of silicone-based defoamers to prevent foam formation in industrial processes.
Amodimethicone can also improve the efficiency of inkjet printing by reducing droplet size and improving drying time.

Amodimethicone is used in the production of silicone emulsions and dispersions for use in a wide range of industrial and consumer applications.
Amodimethicone is also used in the production of silicone rubber products, including gaskets, seals, and hoses.



DESCRIPTION


Amodimethicone is a clear to pale yellow liquid.
Amodimethicone is a modified silicone polymer.
Amodimethicone is a water-soluble silicone that can provide conditioning and detangling benefits to hair.

Amodimethicone is commonly used in hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks.
Amodimethicone is often used in combination with other conditioning agents such as cationic surfactants and fatty alcohols to improve hair feel and manageability.

Amodimethicone is also known for its ability to reduce hair breakage and improve hair strength.
Amodimethicone can help to protect hair from heat damage caused by styling tools like flat irons and hair dryers.

Amodimethicone is non-ionic and does not build up on hair, making it a popular choice for leave-in conditioners and styling products.
Amodimethicone is compatible with a wide range of surfactants and polymers, making it versatile in formulation.

Amodimethicone has a low surface tension, which can aid in the spreading and wetting of hair care products.
Amodimethicone can provide long-lasting conditioning benefits to the hair, even after multiple washes.

Amodimethicone is resistant to water and can help to prevent frizz in humid conditions.
Amodimethicone can also provide color protection to dyed hair, helping to maintain vibrancy and shine.
Amodimethicone can be used in both professional and consumer hair care products.

Amodimethicone is typically used at low concentrations in formulations, ranging from 0.1% to 5%.
Amodimethicone can be used in a variety of hair types, including straight, wavy, curly, and coily hair.

Amodimethicone is easy to incorporate into formulations due to its water solubility.
Amodimethicone has a low viscosity, making it easy to handle and mix with other ingredients.

Amodimethicone has a low molecular weight, allowing it to penetrate the hair shaft and provide deep conditioning benefits.
Amodimethicone can be used in hair care products for both men and women.
Amodimethicone can help to improve the feel and texture of damaged and over-processed hair.

Amodimethicone can be used in combination with other silicone derivatives such as dimethiconol and cyclomethicone.
Amodimethicone is stable over a wide pH range, making it compatible with acidic and alkaline hair care formulations.

Amodimethicone can be used in hair care products for all ages, from children to seniors.
Amodimethicone is a safe and effective ingredient commonly used in hair care products worldwide.


Amodimethicone is a silicone-based polymer used primarily in hair care products.
Amodimethicone is a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid that is soluble in water and alcohol.



PROPERTIES


Chemical formula: C24H43NO2Si
Molecular weight: 401.68 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, viscous liquid
Odor: Odorless
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Melting point: < -50°C
Boiling point: Decomposes before boiling
Flash point: > 150°C
Density: 0.96 g/mL at 25°C
Refractive index: 1.443-1.450 at 20°C
Viscosity: 100-100,000 cSt
pH: 5-7
Surface tension: 20.3 dyn/cm
Dielectric constant: 2.6
Dielectric strength: 21.3 kV/mm
Heat of vaporization: 326.6 J/g
Heat of combustion: -5336 kJ/mol
Heat of formation: -187.5 kJ/mol
Heat capacity: 0.912 J/g·K
Thermal conductivity: 0.16 W/m·K
Flammability: Combustible
Stability: Stable under normal conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the person to an area with fresh air immediately.
If the person is having difficulty breathing, give oxygen if it is available.
Seek medical attention if the person is experiencing any symptoms or if they have inhaled a large amount of the substance.


Skin contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and footwear immediately and discard.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Rinse the area with clean water.
Seek medical attention if irritation or symptoms persist.


Eye contact:

Immediately flush the affected eye with clean water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids apart to ensure that water gets into the eye itself.
Seek medical attention immediately, even if there are no immediate symptoms.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Rinse out the mouth with water.
Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Seek medical attention immediately.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Amodimethicone should be handled in a well-ventilated area, with proper personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and lab coat.
It is important to avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing, as it may cause irritation or allergic reactions.

In case of skin contact, wash thoroughly with soap and water. In case of eye contact, flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if necessary.
Amodimethicone should be handled carefully to avoid any spills or leaks, as it is flammable and may cause fire or explosion in certain conditions.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Amodimethicone.


Storage:

Amodimethicone should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation.

Amodimethicone should be stored separately from strong oxidizers, acids, and bases.
Avoid exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet radiation, as it may degrade the material and reduce its effectiveness.
Store Amodimethicone in its original container, with proper labeling and identification of the contents.



SYNONYMS


Aminoethylamino-Dimethicone
Bis-Amino
PEG/PPG-41/3
Aminoethyl PG-Propyl Dimethicone
Amino-functional silicone
Dimethylstearamine copolyol
Polyquaternium-11
Amino silicone oil
Stearoxy dimethicone
Polyquaternium-44
Cetyl dimethicone
Bis-aminopropyl dimethicone
Aminopropyl dimethicone
Polyquaternium-7
Amodimethicone (and) Trideceth-12
Polyquaternium-6
Bis-aminopropyl dimethicone/dimethicone copolymer
Behenoxy dimethicone
Bis-hydroxy/methoxy amodimethicone
Cetyl dimethicone copolyol
Lauryl dimethicone copolyol
PEG-12 dimethicone
Stearyl dimethicone
Trideceth-12
Trimethylsiloxysilicate
Bis-hydroxyethyl amodimethicone
Cyclomethicone
Glycol distearate
PEG-8 dimethicone
Bis-Amodimethicone
Dimethicone Amodimethicone
PEG-12 Dimethicone Amodimethicone
Trimethylsiloxyamodimethicone
Cetyl Dimethicone Copolyol Amodimethicone
Behenoxy Dimethicone Amodimethicone
PEG-8 Dimethicone Amodimethicone
Dimethiconol Amodimethicone
Hydroxypropyltrimonium Amodimethicone
Cetyl Amodimethicone
Stearoxy Dimethicone Amodimethicone
Stearyl Dimethicone Amodimethicone
Polyquaternium-10-11 Amodimethicone
Glyceryl Amodimethicone
Trideceth-5 Amodimethicone
Trideceth-12 Amodimethicone
Trideceth-10 Amodimethicone
Cetrimonium Chloride Amodimethicone
Cetrimonium Methosulfate Amodimethicone
Stearalkonium Chloride Amodimethicone
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride Amodimethicone
Lauryl Amodimethicone
PPG-3 Benzyl Ether Amodimethicone
Propylene Glycol Dibenzoate Amodimethicone
Silicone Quaternium-17 Amodimethicone


AMONYL 380 BA
DESCRIPTION:
AMONYL 380 BA is an amphoteric surfactant, compatible with hard water, with high concentrated electrolytes and at the all range of pH.
AMONYL 380 BA is Good cleansing agent.
AMONYL 380 BA is Good foaming agent.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AMONYL 380 BA:
Data: Limits
Appearance: Limpid liquid
Solid content (%): 28 - 32%
pH 5%: 5,5 - 7,0
Colour (Klett): NaCl: 4,5 - 6%



AMONYL 380 BA has the following properties:
AMONYL 380 BA is Good cleansing agent
AMONYL 380 BA is Good foaming agent

Generally, AMONYL 380 BA is not as good as alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates; nevertheless, better at alkaline pH, unaffected by hard water and resistant to high electrolyte concentration.
AMONYL 380 BA is Thickening surfactant
AMONYL 380 BA thickens anionic surface active agents, particularly alkyl and alkyl ether sulfate, with salts.

COMPATIBILITY:
AMONYL 380 BA is compatible with all classes of surfactants except with anionics at low pH.
AMONYL 380 BA shows excellent chemical stability against oxidising agents.
AMONYL 380 BA is resistant to hydrolysis and stable at very low and high pH.

APPLICATIONS OF AMONYL 380 BA:
Main applications of AMONYL 380 BA are in:
Hand dishwashing liquids : excellent foam stability and increases the viscosity when combined with anionics.
AMONYL 380 BA is Car cleaners.
AMONYL 380 BA is Domestic bleach.

AMONYL 380 BA is an alkyl amido betaine.
AMONYL 380 BA is used in Shampoos
AMONYL 380 BA is used in Shower gels
AMONYL 380 BA is used in Foaming baths

CHARACTERISTICS OF AMONYL 380 BA:
AMONYL 380 BA is Betaine
AMONYL 380 BA Provides a fine foam that is stable over time

AMONYL 380 BA Stabilizes & boosts the foam of anionic surfactants
AMONYL 380 BA is Sulfate free
AMONYL 380 BA is Preservative free

AMONYL 380 BA acts as a foaming agent.
AMONYL 380 BA is an amphoteric alkyl amido betaine.
AMONYL 380 BA is free of preservatives and sulfates.

AMONYL 380 BA stabilizes and boosts foam of anionic surfactants.
AMONYL 380 BA is used in shampoos, shower gels and foaming bath applications.

SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT AMONYL 380 BA:

First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



AMONYUM KLORÜR
SYNONYMS Ammoniac; Ammonium Muriate; Sal ammoniac;Amchlor; Darammon; Salammonite; Salammoniac; Ammoniumchloridefume; Ammoniumchlorid (German); Chlorammonic (French; Chlorid Ammonia (Czech);Chlorid Amonny; Chlorid Amonny (Czech); Cloruro De Amonio; Gen-diur (Spainish); Muriate of Ammonia; Ammonium chloride CAS NO:12125-02-9
AMP 90
bétaïnes, dérivés d’acides aminés et d’imidazole) : ils vont être soit cationique, soit anionique selon le pH du milieu dans lequel ils se trouvent. Ils sont plutôt bien tolérés par la peau, et ne piquent pas les yeux. Exemples : Cocamidopropyl Betaïn, mousse de Babassu (Babassuamidopropyl betaïne)
AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a colorless liquid with relatively low viscosity.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a colorless liquid with faint amine odor.


CAS Number: 124-68-5
EC Number: 204-709-8
MDL Number: MFCD00008051
INCI/Chemical Name:
2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL
Linear Formula: (CH3)2C(NH2)CH2OH / C4H11NO



SYNONYMS:
Aminomethyl propanol (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol), Amp 95, 2-Amino-2 Methyl-1 Propanol, Uniten AMP 95, Amp Buffer 95%, AMP, AMP 95, β-Aminoisobutyl alcohol, 2-Amino-2 Methyl-1 Propanol, Uniten AMP 95, Amp Buffer 95%, 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, 1-Hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-amine, 2,2-Dimethylethanolamine, 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane, 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol, 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol, 2-Aminoisobutanol, 2-Hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethylamine, 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine, 2-Methyl-2-amino-1-propanol, 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol, AMP (thinner), AMP Regular, AMP buffer, AMP-ULTRA PC 2000, AMP-Ultra PC, AMP-Ultra PC 1000, CE 64, Corrguard 75, Dolapix A 88, Hydroxy-tert-butylamine, Isobutanol-2-amine, KV 5088, NSC 441, Pamabron, β-Aminoisobutanol, AMP, AMP 95, β-Aminoisobutyl alcohol, 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-Amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol, 1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-, Aminomethylpropanol, 2-aminodimethylethanol, β-aminoisobutanol, 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, isobutanol-2-amine, isobutanolamine, β-Aminoisobutanol, Aminomethylpropanol, AMP Regular, Hydroxy-tert-butylamine, Isobutanol-2-amine, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine, 2-Amino-2-methylpropanol, 2-Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol, 2-Aminoisobutanol, 2-Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine, 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol, 2-Methyl-2-aminopropanol-1, 2-Aminodimethylethanol, 2,2-Dimethyl-ethanolamine, Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, Amino-2,2-dimethylethanol, Aminoisobutanol, Hydroxymethyl-2-propylamine, 2-Amino-1-hydroxy-2-methylpropane, AMP 75, Corrguard 75, KV 5088, NSC 441



AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is widely recognized as a multifunctional additive for all types of latex emulsion paints.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a multifunctional additive and synthetic building block.
The versatility, compatibility and preferred environmental profile of AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is valued across a wide range of applications and markets.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer provides high-efficiency pH control, enhances dispersion of pigments and latex, controls corrosion, and provides compatibility and stability to water-based formulations.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer has exceptional thermal and UV stability and is highly resistant to yellowing.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a colorless liquid with faint amine odor.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is premier primary amino alcohol, designed for use in all water-dilutable metalworking fluids, especially where a colorless product is required.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used worldwide, providing superior performance among commonly available amine products.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is widely recognized as a multifunctional additive for all types of latex emulsion paints.
In a formulation, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer can be used as a powerful co-dispersant to prevent re-agglomeration of pigments.


At the same time, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer will contribute significant benefits to the overall performance of the coating.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol containing 5% added water.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer acts as a corrosion inhibitor.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a colorless liquid with relatively low viscosity.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer contributes to pH stability, low odor and anticorrosive properties.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer promotes acceptance of colorants.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a very efficient amine for neutralizing the carboxylic acid moieties in acid-functional resins to make them suitable for use in water-borne coatings and other aqueous applications.
In latex emulsion paints, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a very efficient co-dispersant for pigments.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is the premier, flagship product from ANGUS for paint and coatings.
As a primary multifunctional amine, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer offers more functionality, more exibility, and more value than other amines.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a multifunctional neutralizer containing 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and 5% added water.


Key attributes of AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer include neutralization, dispersancy, pH buffering, non-yellowing, stability, formulation optimization, alkaline pH development and corrosion control, offering inumerous benefits throughout the life cycle of a latex paint compared to regular pH neutralizers, such as ammonia, MEA, NaOH.


In addition, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is the only US EPA VOC-exempt amine .
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is recommended for a wide range of applications, such as Architectural and Industrial Coatings, Emulsion Polymerization, Inks, Adhesives and Solvent-borne alkyds.


This colorless, mobile liquid, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer, with a relatively low viscosity remains liquid at temperatures above -2°C to permit easy handling.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a multi-functional additive for all types of latex emulsion paints.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used as a powerful co-dispersant to prevent re-agglomeration of pigments, contribute significant benefits to overall performance of the coating.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used as neutralizer and a co-dispersant.
In a formulation, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer can be used as a powerful co-dispersant to prevent re-agglomeration of pigments.
At the same time, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer will contribute significant benefits to the overall performance of the coating.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer also has the advantages of cobalt – free precipitation and low foam.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used to synthesize surfactant; Curing accelerator; Acidic gas absorbent.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used in many cosmetic formulations as a neutralization agent with a low viscosity half that of TEA.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer contributes to moisture resistance, frizz resistance, easy rinsing, and product stability.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used Appliance Paint, Building Coating, Car Paint, Furniture Paint, Paper Coating, Plastic Coating, Rubber Coating, Industrial Paint.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used water-based adhesive, water-based glazing oil, water-based ink, interior and exterior latex paint, leather coating, other water-based systems.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer derivatives formed with carboxylic acids are used for gas chromatographic analysis.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used synthesis of surfactants.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used curing accelerator.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used acidic gas absorbent.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used the additive of coating, emulsioni paint, have pigment dispersing concurrently, pH adjustment and antirust effect
Recommended dosage of AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer: add 0.05~0.5% to the total amount of paint (finished form), the specific dosage should be subject to the experiment.


It is recommended to add before grinding; After adding, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is recommended to add slowly in the last stage of painting mixing at low speed.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is a multifunctional additive for all types of latex emulsion paints.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used as a powerful co-dispersant to prevent re-agglomeration of pigments and contribute significant benefits to overall performance of the coating.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer aids in dispersion and improvement in color tone.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used for neutralizing, synergy to dispersing agent (reduce up to 25%), reduce wetting agent up to 25%, and reduce glycol up to 10%.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is especially recommended for aerosol products.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used Architectural Coatings, Industrial and Automotive Coatings, Epoxies, Polyurethanes and Other Reactive Chemistries, Adhesives and Sealants, and Building and Construction.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used pigment Slurries, Dispersions and Colorants, Resins and Emulsion Polymerization, Inks and Overprint Varnish, Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Household and Industrial Cleaning, Water Treatment, Chemical Manufacturing and Synthesis, and Oil and Gas.


AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used in Various kinds of latex paint, Water-based industrial paint, Synthetic emulsion, and Water-based adhesives.
Trusted by formulators worldwide for its neutralizing and multifunctional capabilities, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer works well as a co-dispersant and provides outstanding film properties in finished formulations.


Key benefits of AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer include improved pH stability, excellent scrub-resistance, optimal color acceptance, improved gloss and outstanding hiding power.
Additionally, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer can help with the reduction of VOC levels by lowering freeze-thaw and open-time agents and dispersants.


-In The field of metal processing, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is mainly used as biological stability and pH stabilizer.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is widely used in the concentrate and post-treatment of metal processing fluid in Europe and the United States and is the main raw material for the development of biological stability formula.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is used to increase and stabilize pH value, save and prolong the life of metal working fluid in field adding.



FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is an organic amine compound with high efficiency, low odor, non-yellowing, full volatility and other characteristics.
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer has a low odor and can be used as an organic amine neutralizer to replace ammonia in the coating formula, reducing the bad smell caused by ammonia volatilization.

At the same time, AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer has fast volatilization and will not remain in the paint film for a long time, so it can be used in high-gloss coatings and has excellent water resistance.

AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer has a strong wetting force, can improve the dispersion stability of the filler, and has a high gloss display force, adding AMP-95 coating formula can reduce the amount of wetting agent, or even without adding wetting agent.



BENEFITS AND PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
The benefits and performance improvements made possible by AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer in different stages of paint manufacture are:
-AMP-95 in the grind:
*Reduces dispersant demand when used in conjunction with conventional dispersants
*Optimizes pigment dispersion
*Reduces foam (through dispersant reduction)
*Provides effective pH control
*Lowers raw material costs


-Improves thickener performance:
Eliminates need for ammonia, resulting in a lower odor paint
Improves color acceptance of shading pastes


-AMP-95 and Coating Performance:
*Improves scrub, water and block resistance through formula optimization
*Reduces in-can corrosion
*Effective in low odor systems

*When formulating a latex paint, it is important to consider all the effects of dispersants and surfactants on the paints on its final performance.
As the information in this technical data sheet shows, AMP-95 can be used to reduce the levels of many commonly used paint additives, thereby lowering raw material costs while improving paint performance.



BENEFITS OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
AMP-95 use benefits include, but are not limited to, the following:
■ Efficient Amine for Resin Neutralization – High base strength – Relatively low molecular weight
■ Multiple Food Contact Approvals
■ Acts as a Co-Dispersant for Particulate Systems
■ Corrosion Inhibitor for Steam-Condensate Lines
■ Key Component of Low Cobalt-Leaching Metalworking Fluids
■ Acts as a Formaldehyde Scavenger
■ Useful Raw Material for Synthesis Applications
■ Component of Powerful Anionic Emulsifier System



FUNCTIONS OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is widely recognized as a multifunctional additive for all types of latex paints.



BENEFITS OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
*Primary amine with fully substituted α-carbon; no abstractable hydrogen Secondary amine and nitrosamine levels below 0.5% and 50ppm respectively
*Promotes high humidity curl retention (HHCR) in hair sprays and styling products
*Excellent in-can corrosion inhibition in aerosol formulations
*Reduces emulsion particle size
*Improves emulsion appearance and stability Compatible with
*Carbomer and other synthetic acrylic rheology modifiers
*Aids pigment dispersion
*Excellent alcohol tolerance



FEATURES OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
*AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer reduces dispersant demand and optimizes pigment dispersion
*Reactive pigment stabilization
*Reduce corrosion
*pH stabilization
*Improve thickener performance
*Cost reduction
*AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer eliminates need for ammonia, resulting in a lower odor paint
*AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer improves color acceptance of shading pastes



METHOD OF USE OF AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
1. Dosage of AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer is 0.1~1.0% of the total weight of the formula.

2. Add AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer 1/3~1/2 of the total amount at the pulping stage, and add the rest at the paint mixing stage.

3. Add AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer into the water with dispersant at the stage of pulping, and then add pigment filler in turn under rapid stirring after full dissolution.
Add pigment filler in turn under rapid stirring

4. At the stage of paint mixing, first dilute AMP 95 Multifunctional Neutralizer with 2~5 times water, and then add it slowly under stirring.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
Form:Liquid
Color: Colorless
pKa @ 25°C: 9.7
Boiling point of active material (°C): 165
Molecular weight: 89.1
Flash point (Tag closed cup °C): 81
Solubility in water: Miscible
Neutral equivalent: 93-97
Vapor pressure at 20°C: 10.7 Pa
pH: 11.3
Specific Gravity: 0.942
Viscosity at 25°C: 147 mPa

Molecular Weight: 89.14
Appearance Form: Semi-solid melting to a liquid
Odour: No data available
Odour Threshold: No data available
pH: 11,0 - 12,0 at 8,9 g/l at 25 °C
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 24 - 28 °C - lit.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: 165 °C - lit.
Flash point: 68 °C - closed cup
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available

Vapour pressure: < 1 hPa at 25 °C
Vapour density: 3,08 - (Air = 1.0)
Relative density: 0,934 g/cm3 at 25 °C
Water solubility: 8,9 g/l at 20 °C - completely soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water
log Pow: -0,63
Auto-ignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information:

Relative vapour density: 3,08 - (Air = 1.0)
Form: Liquid
Color: Colorless
pKa: @ 25°C9.7
Boiling point of active material: (°C)165
Flash point (Tag closed cup °C): 81
Solubility in water: Miscible
Appearance colorless transparent liquid moisture: ≤ 0.5%.
The mass fraction of AMP-95 is: ≥ 95.0.



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
-Description of first aid measures:
--General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
-Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Use personal protective equipment.
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Sweep up and shovel.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information: No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
-Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use face shield and safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: butyl-rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,3 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 30 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMP 95 MULTIFUNCTIONAL NEUTRALIZER:
-Reactivity: No data available
-Chemical stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions: No data available
-Conditions to avoid: No data available
-Other decomposition products - No data available


Amphoteric surfactants ( les tensioactifs amphotères ou zwitterioniques)
2-Acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid; 2-ACRYLAMIDE-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID; 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID; 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID; 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULPHONIC ACID; 2-ACRYLOYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID; 2-METHYL-2-[(1-OXO-2-PROPENYL)AMINO]-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID; ACRYLAMIDO BUFFER; AMPS; AMPS MONOMER; LABOTEST-BB LT00012662; 1-Propanesulfonicacid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-; 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane; 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate; 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonicaci; TBAS; 2-Acryloylamino-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid; 2-ACRYLOYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANESULFONIC ACID MONOMER; ACRYLAMIDO BUFFER SOLUTION PK 1, 0.2 M I N WATER, STAB.; ACRYLAMIDO BUFFER PK 1; 2-Acrylamide-2-MethyylPropaneSodiumSulfonate CAS NO:15214-89-8
AMPS
Acrylic Acid-2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Copolymer; AA-AMPSA; Acrylic Acid-2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Copolymer; Sulfonated Polyacrylic Acid Copolymer; 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid-acrylic acid copolymer; 2-Propenoic acid polymer with 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid; Sulfonated Polyacrylic Acid Copolymer; ACRYLIC ACID /ACRYLAMIDOMETHYL PROPANE SULFONIC ACID COPOLYMER; AcrylicAcid-AMPSCopolymer(AA/AMPS); Acrylic Acid-2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid Copolymer; AA/AMPS; Acrylic acid-2-acrylamido-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid copolymer; 2-Propenoic acid,polymer with 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid; prop-2-enoic acid - 2-(acryloylamino)butane-2-sulfonic acid (1:1) CAS NO:40623-75-4
AMPS SODIUM SALT
AMPS Sodium Salt is a pale yellow or colorless transparent liquid.
AMPS Sodium Salt is an abbreviation for Sodium Salt 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid.


CAS Number: 5165-97-9
EC Number: 225-948-4
MDL number: MFCD00156481
Linear Formula: H2C=CHCONHC(CH3)2CH2SO3Na
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S


AMPS Sodium Salt is added in the emulsion and acrylic acid, styrene or vinyl acetate reaction, the introduction of reactive emulsifier to prevent the migration of emulsifier.
The low viscosity and remarkable stability of the emulsion can be obtained with only 2-3% of AMPS sodium salt.


At the same time no need add ethylene glycol and other additive, AMPS Sodium Salt can improve the adhesion of paint film, thermal stability and antistatic ability, improve the water resistance of latex paint and scrubbing resistance.
The acrylamide group in AMPS Sodium Salt will accelerate the polymerization reaction.


Two pendant methyl groups and sodium methanesulfonate are combined behind the amino group.
AMPS Sodium Salt can prevent its hydrolysis and thermal degradation.
Sulfonated group can result the monomer show higher hydrophilicity and ionic characteristics at any pH value.


AMPS Sodium Salt is a pale yellow or colorless transparent liquid.
AMPS Sodium Salt or NA ATBS don’t easily get vaporized at its low temperature point to form an ignitable mixture in air, so the flash point property is not applicable to it.


AMPS Sodium Salt’s convenient storage, packaging, and logistics provide the necessary ease and flexibility in formulations to produce high-performance polymers.
AMPS Sodium Salt is delivered in three different grades which include 2403, 2405, and 2407 which are derived from their expected performance characteristics and the polymerization molecular weight.


AMPS Sodium Salt is a highly reactive monomer which can add anionic character to polymers.
AMPS Sodium Salt exhibits good hydrolytic and thermal stability.
AMPS Sodium Salt features polyvalent cation tolerance.


AMPS Sodium Salt permits easy formulation of mining flocculants which is stable in complex and harsh conditions.
AMPS Sodium Salt provides flexibility in formulation to make stable emulsion polymers.
AMPS Sodium Salt is convenient in handling.


AMPS Sodium Salt reduces grit/coagulum formation in latex polymer.
AMPS Sodium Salt is a reactive, hydrophilic, sulfonic acid acrylic monomer used to alter the chemical properties of wide variety of anionic polymers.
In the 1970s, the earliest patents using this monomer were filed for acrylic fiber manufacturing.


Today, there are over several thousands patents and publications involving use of AMPS Sodium Salt in many areas including water treatment, oil field, construction chemicals, hydrogels for medical applications, personal care products, emulsion coatings, adhesives, and rheology modifiers.
The molecular weight of AMPS Sodium Salt is 229.23.


The density of AMPS Sodium Salt is 1.2055 g/ ml at 25 degree celsius .
AMPS Sodium Salt is a 50 wt % solution in water that enables easy handling of the product.
AMPS Sodium Salt is prepared by reacting 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid or ATBS with caustic soda solution.


AMPS Sodium Salt is an abbreviation for Sodium Salt 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid.
AMPS Sodium Salt’s unique numerical identifier assigned by the chemical abstracts service CAS is 5165-97-9.
Some of AMPS Sodium Salt's synonymous are Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium, and Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
AMPS Sodium Salt is used emulsions for paint and paper coatings.
Polymers containing AMPS Sodium Salt improve scrub resistance, dispersant performance and reduce grit formation.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used raw material for water treatment.


AMPS Sodium Salt is used in the cooling tower and boilers, to inhibit Calcium, Magnesium and Silica scale formation.
AMPS Sodium Salt is also used to precipitate solids in industrial and mining effluents.
Adhesives uses of AMPS Sodium Salt: AMPS Sodium Salt improve strength in pressure sensitive formulations and also make wood glue to improve adhesive strength, and thermal and mechanical properties with superior rheology.


AMPS Sodium Salt is used textile auxiliaries.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used as textile sizing agents, thickeners, dispersants and non-woven emulsion binders.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used detergents and cleaners.


AMPS Sodium Salt is used to improve characteristics of hydrophilicity, dispersibility, and lubricity and also enhance the cleaning efficiency of detergents and cleaners.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used Acrylic fibre.


AMPS Sodium Salt has been widely used in water treatment, mining, flocculants, oilfield chemicals, household items, medical supplies, cosmetics, detergents and cleaning agents, fabric glue and finishing agents, paper coating agent, polymer emulsions, paints and adhesives, paints, leather tanning and dyeing polymers, non-woven adhesives, super absorbent agent, thickener, leak-proof and sealing agent.


AMPS Sodium Salt is also used as the third monomer of synthetic fibers.
AMPS Sodium Salt is mainly used in emulsions, water-based adhesives and sealants.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used as a dopant and a protonating agent for conducting polymers.


AMPS Sodium Salt is used in a variety of electronic applications.
AMPS Sodium Salt is widely used in industries, industry daily chemicals and polymer synthesis.
Such as Water treatment agents, Mining, Flocculants, Oil field chemicals, Daily necessities, Medical supplies, Cosmetics, Detergents and cleaning agents,

Fabric glues and Finishing agents, Polymer emulsions, Coatings and Adhesives, Paints, Leather tanning and Printing and dyeing Polymers, Non-woven adhesives, Super absorbents, Thickeners and Sealants, etc.
AMPS Sodium Salt has a wide range of uses in water treatment and can also be used as the third monomer of synthetic fibers.


AMPS Sodium Salt is normally a 50% liquid solution which is convenient to handle, thereby, making it easy to get desired flexibility in formulations to create high performance polymers.
This products is generally used by polymer manufacturers where AMPS Sodium Salt acts as a comonomer along with other acrylic monomers like acrylamide, acrylic acid to make polymers.


Numerous polymers of AMPS Sodium Salt can be made depending on the other co-monomer, concentrations, degree of polymerization and so on.
The most common industrial applications of AMPS Sodium Salt are in adhesives to improve pressure-sensitive formulation strength, in water treatment to inhibit calcium, magnesium, and silica scale formation, in personal care products for making diapers, in the textile industry as textile sizing agent and a non-woven emulsion binder, in oil fields as a friction reducer, in acrylic fiber to provide dye receptivity and in the construction site to inhibit fluid loss.


A hydrophilic compound such as sodium amps or AMPS Sodium Salt can also be used as a dopant.
For conducting polymers, AMPS Sodium Salt acts as a protonating agent.
In order to conduct the water purification process, polyelectrolyte copolymer gels are utilized; for the formation of polyelectrolyte copolymer gels, AMPS Sodium Salt is used.


AMPS Sodium Salt can also have potential application in the field of bioengineering and biomedical products.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used in polymerization where low molecular weight polymers (less than two million) are desired.
AMPS Sodium Salt is a highly reactive, highly hydrophilic functional polymerized monomer, and also a kind of polymerizable surfactant.


AMPS Sodium Salt is widely used in emulsions, waterborne adhesives and sealants.
AMPS Sodium Salt is a highly reactive, highly hydrophilic functional polymerized monomer, and also a kind of polymerizable surfactant.
AMPS Sodium Salt is widely used in emulsions, waterborne adhesives and sealants.


AMPS Sodium Salt is used emulsion, waterborne adhesive and sealant emulsion, waterborne adhesive and sealant.
AMPS Sodium Salt acts as a commoner when combined with other acrylic monomers like acrylic acid to manufacture polymers.
AMPS Sodium Salt improves scrub resistance and dispersant performance of paper coatings and paint emulsions.


AMPS Sodium Salt gives dye receptability for acrylic fibre.
AMPS Sodium Salt is used construction chemicals.


-Hydrogels and super absorbents uses of AMPS Sodium Salt:
Being super absorbents, AMPS Sodium Salt is used in diapers, lotions and other personal care products, due to high water absorbing capacity, electrical conductivity, slipperiness and lubricity.
AMPS Sodium Salt is also used as water retention agent.



PRODUCTION OF AMPS SODIUM SALT:
AMPS Sodium Salt is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water.
The recent patent literature describes batch and continuous processes that produce AMPS Sodium Salt in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.



PROPERTIES OF AMPS SODIUM SALT:
*Hydrolytic and thermal stability:
The geminal dimethyl group and the sulfomethyl group combine to sterically hinder the amide functionality and provide both hydrolytic and thermal stabilities to AMPS Sodium Salt-containing polymers.

*Polarity and hydrophilicity:
The sulfonate group gives the monomer a high degree of hydrophilicity and anionic character at wide range of pH.
In addition, AMPS Sodium Salt is absorbing water readily and also imparts enhanced water absorption and transport characteristics to polymers.

*Solubility:
AMPS Sodium Salt is very soluble in water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and also shows limited solubility in most polar organic solvents



FUNCTION OF AMPS SODIUM SALT:
People draw conclusions after detailed research on the gel, particles, surface charge density, latex stability and other aspects produced when AMPS Sodium Salt synthesizes emulsion:
Because the polymer has the characteristics of polymer electrolyte, AMPS Sodium Salt adsorbs on the surface of the latex particles and strokes the ionization layer, thereby increasing the stability of the latex.

AMPS Sodium Salt not only can replace carboxylic acid monomers but also can reduce the usage of other surfactants.
AMPS Sodium Salt has good water resistance and thermal stability; Products made from these emulsions have a smooth, flexible and comfortable touch, and the scrubbing resistance of the coatings made is also significantly improved.



PROPERTIES OF AMPS SODIUM SALT:
AMPS Sodium Salt is a polymerizable surfactant with highly reactive, highly hydrophilic functional monomer.
AMPS Sodium Salt has a polymer electrolyte properties, adsorbed on the latex particles formed on the surface of the ionosphere, thus increasing the stability of latex.

By using AMPS Sodium Salt, it not only can replace the carboxylic acid monomer (e.g. acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc.), but also reduce other use of surfactants to make acrylic, vinyl acetate-acrylate and styrene-acrylic emulsion system of resistance divalent cations significantly increased mechanical stability, AMPS Sodium Salt has good hydrolysis resistance and thermal stability; emulsion made from it are smooth and flexible, comfortable warmth, it has good tolerance for the scrub of coating too.



ADDED OF AMPS SODIUM SALT:
Add AMPS Sodium Salt to the emulsion to react with acrylic acid, styrene, or vinyl acetate to introduce a reactive emulsifier to prevent the migration of the emulsifier.

With only 2-3% AMPS Sodium Salt, the emulsion has low viscosity and remarkable stability.
At the same time, there is no need to add additives such as ethylene glycol, and it can improve the adhesion, thermal stability and antistatic properties of the paint film, and improve the water resistance and scrub resistance of the latex paint.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
CAS No: 5165-97-9
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
Molecular Weight: 229.23
Appearance:Colorless liquid
Purity:50%
Appearance: Coloeless liquid
Chroma: 60
Assay: 50.81
Refractive Index: 1.418
Denisty: 1.203
Viscosity: 12.7
Ph: 9.58
Fe: 0.81
Physical state: liquid

Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 9
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available

Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,2055 g/mL at 25 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: Not classified as explosive.
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
Classification: Others
Cas NO.: 5165-97-9
Name: 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
Boiling Point: °Cat760mmHg

Refractive index:1.4220
Flash Point: °C
Purity: 99.0%min
usage: Plant Extracts
Brand Name: Crovell
EINECS: 225-948-4
CAS No.: 5165-97-9
Grade: Industrial Grade
Appearance: Coloeless liquid
Chroma: 60
Assay: 50.81
Refractive Index: 1.418
Denisty: 1.203
Viscosity: 12.7

Ph: 9.58
Fe: 0.81
SMILES: CC(C)(CS(=O)(=O)[O-])NC(=O)C=C.[Na+]
StdInChI: InChI=1S/C7H13NO4S.Na/c1-4-6(9)8-7(2,3)5-13(10,11)12;/h4H,1,5H2,2-3H3,(H,8,9)(H,10,11,12);/q;+1/p-1
StdInChIKey: FWFUWXVFYKCSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Molecular Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
Molecular Weight: 229.23
EINECS: 225-948-4
MDL Number: MFCD00156481
CAS No.: 5165-97-9
Density: 1.2055
PSA: 94.68000

LogP: 1.08410
Solubility: N/A
Melting Point: N/A
Formula: C7H12NNaO4S
Boiling Point: 110℃ at 101.325kPa
Molecular Weight: 229.232
Flash Point: N/A
Transport Information: N/A
Appearance: N/A
Safety: 26-36/37/39
Risk Codes: 36/37/38



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 12:
Non Combustible Liquids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMPS SODIUM SALT:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium
Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate
Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt
Sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propanesulphonate
2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt 50% solution
Acrylamido-tert-butylsulfonic acid sodium salt
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)amino]-, sodium salt (1:1) [ACD/Index Name]
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, monosodium salt
225-948-4 [EINECS]
5165-97-9 [RN]
MFCD00156481 [MDL number]
Natrium-2-(acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propansulfonat
Sodium 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Sodium 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate
SODIUM ACRYLOYLDIMETHYLTAURATE
[5165-97-9]
112666-19-0 [RN]
113996-54-6 [RN]
115137-50-3 [RN]
129701-88-8 [RN]
15214-89-8 [RN]
152634-06-5 [RN]
171063-24-4 [RN]
192388-82-2 [RN]
1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, sodium salt
1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID, 2-METHYL-2-((1-OXO-2-PROPENYL)AMINO)-, MONOSODIUM SALT
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt
2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt solution
2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONICACIDSODIUMSALT
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonate sodium salt
2-Methyl-2-((1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)-1-propanesulfonic acid, sodiumsalt
2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium
76701-57-0 [RN]
86848-82-0 [RN]
95243-13-3 [RN]
EINECS 225-948-4
Natrium-2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropan-1-sulfonat
POLY(2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONIC ACID), SODIUM SALT
sodium 2-(acrylamido)-2-methylpropanesulfonate
Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate
SODIUM 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE
sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane-1-sulfonate
Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonate
sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
SODIUM 2-ACRYLAMINO-2-METHYLPROPANE SULFONATE
Sodium 2-methyl-2-((1-oxoallyl)amino)propanesulphonate
sodium 2-methyl-2-(1-oxoprop-2-enylamino)propane-1-sulfonate
SODIUM 2-METHYL-2-(PROP-2-ENAMIDO)PROPANE-1-SULFONATE
sodium 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonate
sodium 2-methyl-2-[(1-oxoallyl)amino]propanesulphonate
sodium;2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonate
1-Propanesulfonicacid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-, sodium salt (7CI,8CI)
1-Propanesulfonic acid,2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-, monosodium salt (9CI)
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt
2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt
AMPS 2403
AMPS 2405
ATBS-NA
Acryloyldimethyltaurine sodium salt
LZ 2405
Lubrizol 2401
Lubrizol2403
Lubrizol 2405
Lubrizol 2405A
Sodium2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate
Sodium2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate
Sodium2-methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonate
Sodium N-acryloyldimethyltaurate
Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate




AMYL BENZOATE ( Pentyl benzoate)
AMYL CINNAMATE, N° CAS : 3487-99-8, Nom INCI : AMYL CINNAMATE, Nom chimique : Pentyl 3-Phenyl-2-propenoate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 222-478-1. Ses fonctions (INCI). Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques
AMYL CINNAMATE
AMYL SALICYLATE, N° CAS : 2050-08-0, Nom INCI : AMYL SALICYLATE, Nom chimique : Pentyl salicylate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 218-080-2 Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques
AMYL SALICYLATE
AMYLASE, N° CAS : 9000-92-4, N° CAS 9000-90-2; Nom INCI : AMYLASE, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 232-567-7. Classification : Enzymes. Ses fonctions (INCI) : Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état.L'amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), est une enzyme digestive classée comme saccharidase (enzyme qui brise les polysaccharides). C'est surtout un constituant du suc pancréatique et de la salive, requis pour le catabolisme des glucides à longue chaîne (comme l'amidon) en unités plus petites. L'amylase est également synthétisée dans de nombreuses espèces de fruits pendant leur maturation, ce qui les rend plus sucrés, et aussi durant la germination des grains de céréales. Elle joue un rôle essentiel dans l'amylolyse (ou hydrolyse) de l'amidon de malt d'orge, processus nécessaire à la fabrication de la bière, ainsi que dans l'hydrolyse du glycogène, permettant sa transformation en glucose.Noms français : Amylase (alpha); Amylase alpha. Noms anglais : ALPHA.-AMYLASE; ALPHA AMYLASE; alpha-Amylase; ALPHAAMYLASE; AMYLASE, .ALPHA.-; AMYLASE, ALPHA-; Utilisation ; Enzyme. Amylase (/ˈæmɪleɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch (Latin amylum) into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Foods that contain large amounts of starch but little sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a slightly sweet taste as they are chewed because amylase degrades some of their starch into sugar. The pancreas and salivary gland make amylase (alpha amylase) to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides which are converted by enzymes to glucose to supply the body with energy. Plants and some bacteria also produce amylase. Specific amylase proteins are designated by different Greek letters. All amylases are glycoside hydrolases and act on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. β-Amylase An form of amylase, β-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2 ) (alternative names: 1,4-α-D-glucan maltohydrolase; glycogenase; saccharogen amylase) is also synthesized by bacteria, fungi, and plants. Working from the non-reducing end, β-amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the second α-1,4 glycosidic bond, cleaving off two glucose units (maltose) at a time. During the ripening of fruit, β-amylase breaks starch into maltose, resulting in the sweet flavor of ripe fruit! They belong to glycoside hydrolase family. Both α-amylase and β-amylase are present in seeds; β-amylase is present in an inactive form prior to germination, whereas α-amylase and proteases appear once germination has begun. Many microbes also produce amylase to degrade extracellular starches. Animal tissues do not contain β-amylase, although it may be present in microorganisms contained within the digestive tract. The optimum pH for β-amylase is 4.0–5.0
AMYLASE
Amylase is an enzyme found in the pancreas and parotid glands (salivary glands).
An amylase (/ˈæmɪleɪs/) is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch (Latin amylum) into sugars.
Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion.


CAS Number: 9000-90-2
EC Number: 232-565-6



SYNONYMS:
β-Amylase, Food Grade Beta-amylase, Amy test, serum amylase, urine amylase



Amylase is an enzyme that is essential for the digestive system, belonging to the group of hydrolytic enzymes.
Alpha-amylase (α-amylase) is the major form of the enzyme amylase, found in humans and other mammals, which hydrolyzes the alpha bonds of polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen, creating simple substrates as simple as glucose and maltose.


Alpha-amylase is also present in plant seeds that use starch as a store of energy, in bacteria, and in the secretions of some fungi.
In humans, the enzyme amylase is present in saliva (also known as ptyalin) and in digestive system secretions.
Amylase is one of the enzymes that has many applications in industries such as industry, medicine and many other economic fields, especially for the food industry.


Amylase is widely employed as a marker of acute pancreatitis and a significant elevation is diagnostic.
Amylase plays an important role in the breakdown of carbohydrates.
By breaking down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars that are more easily assimilated by the body, Amylase facilitates digestion and is useful in cases of dyspepsia.


The enzyme responsible for starch degradation is called Amylase, and is found in saliva, among other places.
Whatever your diet, the carbohydrates in food provide fuel for your body in the form of glucose.
However, finding free glucose is relatively rare in our typical diets, and it is the work of enzymes like amylase to break down complex carbohydrates or starch, into smaller, simpler sugars such as glucose.


Amylase is concentrated enzyme complex.
Amylase accelerates the process of starch degradation into dextrins and sugars.
Amylase allows the starches to acquire different textures, sweetens the product without adding sweeteners and increases the fermentative power of the mixture.


Amylase is an enzyme that degrades starch.
Amylase is also called saccharase and ptyalin.
Amylase was the first enzyme identified and isolated by Anselme Payen in 1833, who named it diastase.


Amylase is enzyme complex that degrades starch into dextrins and sugars.
Amylase solubilizes and liquefies starches, sweetens and increases the fermentative power of the mixture.
Amylase only acts on starch: it will only work on products containing starch.


Amylase, any member of a class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis (splitting of a compound by addition of a water molecule) of starch into smaller carbohydrate molecules such as maltose (a molecule composed of two glucose molecules).
Three categories of amylases, denoted alpha, beta, and gamma, differ in the way they attack the bonds of the starch molecules.


Alpha-amylase is widespread among living organisms.
In the digestive systems of humans and many other mammals, an alpha-amylase called ptyalin is produced by the salivary glands, whereas pancreatic amylase is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine.


The optimum pH of alpha-amylase is 6.7–7.0.
Ptyalin is mixed with food in the mouth, where it acts upon starches.
Although the food remains in the mouth for only a short time, the action of ptyalin continues for up to several hours in the stomach—until the food is mixed with the stomach secretions, the high acidity of which inactivates ptyalin.


Ptyalin’s digestive action depends upon how much acid is in the stomach, how rapidly the stomach contents empty, and how thoroughly the food has mixed with the acid.
Under optimal conditions as much as 30 to 40 percent of ingested starches can be broken down to maltose by ptyalin during digestion in the stomach.


Amylase is an enzyme, a type of protein that helps your body break down carbohydrates.
The pancreas and salivary glands in your mouth make amylase.
There’s normally a small amount of amylase in your blood and urine.


Amylase is an enzyme that helps digest carbohydrates.
Amylase is made primarily in the pancreas and the glands that make saliva, and can be found at low levels in other parts of the body.
When the pancreas is diseased or inflamed, it releases increased amounts of amylase into the blood.


A test can be done to measure the level of this enzyme in your blood.
Amylase may also be measured with a urine amylase test.
An amylase (/ˈæmɪleɪs/) is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch (Latin amylum) into sugars.


Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion.
Foods that contain large amounts of starch but little sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a slightly sweet taste as they are chewed because amylase degrades some of their starch into sugar.


The pancreas and salivary gland make amylase (alpha amylase) to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides which are converted by other enzymes to glucose to supply the body with energy.
Plants and some bacteria also produce amylase.


Specific amylase proteins are designated by different Greek letters.
All amylases are glycoside hydrolases and act on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
Amylase is an enzyme that occurs naturally in the saliva of some mammals and humans that aids in the process of digestion.


Amylase accelerates the breakdown or hydrolysis of starch into simple sugars.
The pancreas and the salivary glands mainly synthesise amylase to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides that are converted into glucose and used as energy.


Amylase was one of the first enzymes to be discovered in the 1800s. It was initially named diastaste but later renamed amylase in the late 20th century.
Amylase is a hydrolytic enzyme present in large amounts in the pancreas, within acinar cells, and salivary glands.
Amylase is present in smaller amounts in other tissues.


Amylase cleaves alpha-1,4-glucosidic bonds in glucose polymers such as starch and glycogen.
Amylase requires co-factors chloride and calcium ions.
It is cleared by the kidney and hence, there is a small amount of amylase activity within urine.


Amylase is normally measured in the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain.
Total levels are usually reported, although it is possible to distinguish P and S amylase from the pancreas and salivary glands respectively.
Amylase is an enzyme, or special protein, produced by your pancreas and salivary glands.


The pancreas is an organ located behind your stomach.
It creates various enzymes that help break down food in your intestines.
An amylase blood test can determine whether you have a disease of the pancreas by measuring the amount of amylase in your body.


Amylase is a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates.
Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase.
Several different medical conditions can affect amylase levels in the blood.


Amylase (AM-uh-lace) is an enzyme made by the salivary glands and the pancreas.
Amylase helps the body digest carbohydrates.
Amylase is an enzyme made mainly by the pancreas.


Amylase is released from the pancreas into the digestive tract to help digest starch in our food.
Amylase is a digestive enzyme that is produced by the pancreas and salivary glands.
Amylase is responsible for digesting the starch and glycogen found in food.


Generally, the amylase blood test is used to help diagnose pancreatic diseases, like acute pancreatitis, and is normally ordered together with the lipase test.
The doctor can also order a urine amylase test, which helps to assess kidney functioning.


This test is often ordered when treating kidney failure to assess the effectiveness of treatment.
Amylase test result should be assessed by the ordering doctor together with the patient's presenting symptoms, as well as other test results.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AMYLASE:
Enzyme amylase is very widely used in many fields:
In the brewing industry (participating in starch saccharification):
Amylase is used in the saccharification of starch into maltose, glucose , used as a necessary substrate for beer fermentation;


Amylase is used in the production of soy sauce, malt, molasses, glucose.
Amylase hydrolyze starch can be applied in the production of rice wine, as feed for livestock to supplement nutrients.
Amylase is applied in bread production, making the cake spongy, more delicious.


In the textile industry, the enzyme amylase is used to remove the starch from the fabric, remove the starch on the surface of the fabric, making the fabric soft, easy to bleach, easy to catch color in the dyeing process.
Amylase is applied in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.


Amylase is used in applications in MSG processing industry.
If there are no signs or symptoms of parotid inflammation (mumps, etc.), a high level of amylase in the blood generally indicates an inflammatory impairment of the pancreas (due to alcoholism, gallstones, or more rarely following a trauma, viral infection, extremely high calcium or triglyceride levels, a tumour, a drug, etc.).


In the case of acute pancreatitis, amylase levels typically rise to as much as 4 to 6 times the normal upper reference limit.
This occurs within 4 to 8 hours of onset and returns to normal within a few days when the condition is treated successfully.
In chronic pancreatitis, amylase levels tend to return to normal gradually, even if the disease has not disappeared, due to the destruction of the pancreas.


It is preferable to measure levels of the lipase enzyme to diagnose and monitor chronic pancreatitis.
In rare cases, high blood levels of amylase can be caused by the presence of macroamylase, a form of amylase that is too big to be eliminated by the kidneys.


This condition is harmless and can be confirmed by measuring amylase clearance.
Other uses of Amylase: An inhibitor of alpha-amylase, called phaseolamin, has been tested as a potential diet aid.
When used as a food additive, amylase has E number E1100, and may be derived from pig pancreas or mold fungi.


Bacilliary amylase is also used in clothing and dishwasher detergents to dissolve starches from fabrics and dishes.
Factory workers who work with amylase for any of the above uses are at increased risk of occupational asthma.
Five to nine percent of bakers have a positive skin test, and a fourth to a third of bakers with breathing problems are hypersensitive to amylase.


Tests for amylase in blood or urine are mainly used to diagnose problems with your pancreas, including pancreatitis, which is an inflammation of the pancreas.
Amylase is also used to monitor chronic (long-term) pancreatitis.


Increases and decreases in amylase levels show up in blood before urine, so an amylase urine test may be done with or after an amylase blood test.
One or both types of amylase test may also be used to help diagnose or monitor treatment for other disorders that may affect amylase levels, such as salivary gland disorders and certain digestive conditions.


The enzyme ɑ-amylase finds a great deal of use in brewing liquor and beer that is made from starch.
Amylase is achieved through a process of fermentation, where the yeast consumes sugar and yields alcohol.
In breadmaking, yeasts, which already secrete amylase, break down the starch in the flour into carbon dioxide and ethanol, giving rise to the bread and also adding flavour.


In molecular biology, amylase can be used as a method of selection for antibiotic gene resistance.
Amylase is used in biochemical research and clinically as a digestive enzyme for loss of appetite, indigestion, gastric catarrh, etc.
As differentiation requires electrophoresis, this is not commonly warranted in the emergency situation where rapid, automated chromogenic assays are used.
Amylase assay on pleural or peritoneal fluid may be used to diagnose a pancreatic fistula.


-Molecular biology uses of Amylase:
In molecular biology, the presence of amylase can serve as an additional method of selecting for successful integration of a reporter construct in addition to antibiotic resistance.
As reporter genes are flanked by homologous regions of the structural gene for amylase, successful integration will disrupt the amylase gene and prevent starch degradation, which is easily detectable through iodine staining.


-Medical uses of Amylase:
Amylase also has medical applications in the use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT).
Amylase is one of the components in Sollpura (liprotamase) to help in the breakdown of saccharides into simple sugars.


-Hyperamylasemia uses of Amylase:
Blood serum amylase may be measured for purposes of medical diagnosis.
A higher than normal concentration may reflect any of several medical conditions, including acute inflammation of the pancreas (which may be measured concurrently with the more specific lipase), perforated peptic ulcer, torsion of an ovarian cyst, strangulation, ileus, mesenteric ischemia, macroamylasemia and mumps.
Amylase may be measured in other body fluids, including urine and peritoneal fluid.


-Fermentation uses of Amylase:
α- and β-amylases are important in brewing beer and liquor made from sugars derived from starch.
In fermentation, yeast ingests sugars and excretes ethanol.
In beer and some liquors, the sugars present at the beginning of fermentation have been produced by "mashing" grains or other starch sources (such as potatoes).

In traditional beer brewing, malted barley is mixed with hot water to create a "mash", which is held at a given temperature to allow the amylases in the malted grain to convert the barley's starch into sugars.
Different temperatures optimize the activity of alpha or beta amylase, resulting in different mixtures of fermentable and unfermentable sugars.
In selecting mash temperature and grain-to-water ratio, a brewer can change the alcohol content, mouthfeel, aroma, and flavor of the finished beer.

In some historic methods of producing alcoholic beverages, the conversion of starch to sugar starts with the brewer chewing grain to mix Amylase with saliva.
This practice continues to be practiced in the home production of some traditional drinks, such as chhaang in the Himalayas, chicha in the Andes, and kasiri in Brazil and Suriname.


-Flour additive uses of Amylase:
Amylase is used in breadmaking and to break down complex sugars, such as starch (found in flour), into simple sugars.
Yeast then feeds on these simple sugars and converts it into the waste products of ethanol and carbon dioxide.
This imparts flavour and causes the bread to rise.

While Amylase is found naturally in yeast cells, it takes time for the yeast to produce enough of these enzymes to break down significant quantities of starch in the bread.
This is the reason for long fermented doughs such as sourdough. Modern breadmaking techniques have included Amylase (often in the form of malted barley) into bread improver, thereby making the process faster and more practical for commercial use.



CLASSIFICATION OF AMYLASE:
*α-Amylase
The α-amylases (EC 3.2.1.1 ) (CAS 9014-71-5) (alternative names: 1,4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase; glycogenase) are calcium metalloenzymes.
By acting at random locations along the starch chain, α-amylase breaks down long-chain saccharides, ultimately yielding either maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and "limit dextrin" from amylopectin.

Because it can act anywhere on the substrate, α-amylase tends to be faster-acting than β-amylase.
In animals, it is a major digestive enzyme, and its optimum pH is 6.7–7.0.
In human physiology, both the salivary and pancreatic amylases are α-amylases.
The α-amylase form is also found in plants, fungi (ascomycetes and basidiomycetes) and bacteria (Bacillus).

*β-Amylase
Another form of amylase, β-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2 ) (alternative names: 1,4-α-D-glucan maltohydrolase; glycogenase; saccharogen amylase) is also synthesized by bacteria, fungi, and plants.

Working from the non-reducing end, β-amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the second α-1,4 glycosidic bond, cleaving off two glucose units (maltose) at a time.
During the ripening of fruit, β-amylase breaks starch into maltose, resulting in the sweet flavor of ripe fruit.

They belong to glycoside hydrolase family 14.
Both α-amylase and β-amylase are present in seeds; β-amylase is present in an inactive form prior to germination, whereas α-amylase and proteases appear once germination has begun.

Many microbes also produce amylase to degrade extracellular starches.
Animal tissues do not contain β-amylase, although it may be present in microorganisms contained within the digestive tract.
The optimum pH for β-amylase is 4.0–5.0.

*γ-Amylase
Main article: Glucan 1,4-a-glucosidase
γ-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.3 ) (alternative names: Glucan 1,4-a-glucosidase; amyloglucosidase; exo-1,4-α-glucosidase; glucoamylase; lysosomal α-glucosidase; 1,4-α-D-glucan glucohydrolase) will cleave α(1–6) glycosidic linkages, as well as the last α-1,4 glycosidic bond at the nonreducing end of amylose and amylopectin, yielding glucose.

The γ-amylase has the most acidic optimum pH of all amylases because it is most active around pH 3.
They belong to a variety of different GH families, such as glycoside hydrolase family 15 in fungi, glycoside hydrolase family 31 of human MGAM, and glycoside hydrolase family 97 of bacterial forms.



CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS OF AMYLASE:
Amylase is used for a multitude of applications such as the production of syrups of different oligosaccharides (maltose and glucose).
The use of Amylase in flour also facilitates the action of yeast.

The addition of Amylase reduces fermentation times and improves bread making processes.
Another application of Amylase is the acceleration of fruit ripening.
During fruit ripening, they synthesize Amylase, which degrade fruit starch into sugar, making them sweeter.



BENEFITS OF AMYLASE:
Amylase is an enzyme whose role is to break down complex carbohydrates, such as starch, into simple sugars such as glucose or maltose, which are easily assimilated by the body.



FUNCTIONS OF AMYLASE:
Amylase performs the following functions in bakery products:
*Provide fermentable and reducing sugars.
*Accelerate yeast fermentation and boost gassing for optimum dough expansion during proofing and baking
*Intensify flavors and crust color by enhancing Maillard browning and caramelization reactions.
*Reduce dough/batter viscosity during starch gelatinization in the oven.
*Extend oven rise/spring and improve product volume.
*Act as crumb softeners by inhibiting staling.
*Modify dough handling properties by reducing stickiness.



ORIGIN OF AMYLASE:
Amylase is widely distributed in nature.
Amylase is present in both plants and animals.
Cereal and grains and their flours naturally contain different types of amylase.
In cereals, Amylase is found in the endosperm, bran and germ.



COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF AMYLASE:
Amylase is generally produced by commercial fermentation.
Bacterial sources such as Bacillus subtilis or B stearothermophilus are used or, fungal sources, such as Aspergillus oryzae or A. niger.



FAMILY OF AMYLASE:
Amylase is a hydrolytic enzyme that breaks down starch into dextrins and sugars.
Amylase’s made up of a family of starch-degrading enzymes that include:
*Alpha-amylase
*Beta-amylase
*Amyloglucosidase or glucoamylase
*Pullulanase
*Maltogenic amylase
Amylase can work at the same time in perfect synergy.
Amylase is key ingredients that extend the shelf-life of bread, working as fermentation improvers.



THE ROLE OF AMYLASE IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF YOUNG CHILDREN:
Enzyme amylase acts as a catalyst, making the digestion and absorption of starch in the small intestine easier.
Young children are often subject to digestive problems because their digestive systems are not fully developed.
The secretion of digestive enzymes is limited, not enough for food to be fully digested.

This is the cause of digestive disorders, with typical symptoms such as indigestion, flatulence, bloating, vomiting, regurgitation of food, leading to anorexia.
In addition, when organic compounds such as glucide, protid, and lipid are not completely absorbed, it will lead to diarrhea and diarrhea in children.

Therefore, it is very necessary to supplement digestive enzymes, including amylase enzymes, for young children, especially children with anorexia and digestive disorders.

When children are supplemented with digestive enzyme amylase, food will be quickly broken down into nutrients and absorbed by the intestines, helping to empty the digestive tract, giving children a sense of appetite, hunger, and no more Discomfort due to flatulence, bloating, indigestion.
Some children often vomit due to decreased enzyme secretion, the use of amylase enzyme also gives good results.



PHYSIOLOGY OF AMYLASE:
Amylase is a calcium dependent enzyme which hydrolyzes complex carbohydrates at alpha 1,4-linkages to form maltose and glucose.
Amylase is filtered by renal tubules and resorbed (inactivated) by tubular epithelium.
Active enzyme does not appear in urine.

Small amounts of amylase are taken up by Kupffer cells in the liver. In healthy dogs, 14% of amylase is bound to globulins.
Because of this polymerization, canine amylase has variable (high) molecular weights and is not normally filtered by the kidney.
In dogs with renal disease, this polymerized (macroamylase) amylase is found in higher concentration (from 5-62% of total amylase activity) and contributes to the hyperamylasemia seen in these disorders.

The half-life of amylase (as determined from sequential decreases in sick horses over time) appears to be around 4 ± 0.7 hours in horses, which is shorter than that of lipase (approximately 11 hours).
There are four different isoenzymes of amylase in the dog: isoenzyme 3 is found in the pancreas (>50%), whereas isoenzyme 4 is found in all tissues.



NORMAL AMYLASE LEVELS
Amylase levels are considered to be normal in the following groups:
Patients under 60 years of age: between 30 and 118 U/L

Patients over 60 years of age: up to 151 U/L
Normal amylase levels may vary depending on the lab and the technique used to collect the blood.
Results should therefore be interpreted by a health care professional.

Test results
Amylase test results can help diagnose conditions associated with pancreatic and salivary gland malfunctioning.
It is most commonly used to diagnose acute pancreatitis, as amylase values in the blood increase greatly in the first 6-12 hours of pancreatic inflammation.


*High amylase
Amylase may be high with the following conditions:
*Mumps
*Acute and chronic pancreatitis
*Biliary tract diseases such as cholecystitis
*Peptic ulcer
*Pancreatic cancer
*Obstruction of the pancreatic ducts
*Viral hepatitis
*Ectopic pregnancy
*Renal insufficiency
*Burns
Use of some medications, such as oral contraceptives, valproic acid, metronidazole and corticosteroids
In most cases of pancreatitis, blood amylase levels will be 3 times higher than the reference value.

Amylase levels usually increase within 6 to 12 hours and return to normal within 4 days.
Despite this, in some cases of pancreatitis, amylase levels may be normal or just mildly elevated, which is why it is also important to check lipase levels of a pancreatic condition is suspected.


*Low amylase
Low amylase levels are more common in hospitalized patients, especially in those receiving glucose.
In these cases, patients should have their amylase levels re-tested after two hours to determine if the results are reliable.
These should be confirmed through other laboratory tests.



HOW IS AMYLASE USED?
The blood test for amylase is used to help diagnose acute pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
The swift rise of amylase at the beginning of a pancreatitis attack, and its fall after about 2 days, helps to pinpoint this diagnosis.



WHEN IS AMYLASE REQUESTED?
An amylase test may be ordered if you show symptoms of a pancreatic disorder, such as severe abdominal pain, fever, loss of appetite, or nausea.



WHY ARE AMYLASE TESTS DONE?
This test measures the amount of amylase in the blood.
Doctors may order an amylase if a child has signs of a problem with the pancreas, such as belly pain, nausea, or vomiting.
They also might do one if a child takes medicine that makes problems with the pancreas more likely.



CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF AMYLASE:
The blood serum amylase level is tested for various diagnostic purposes.
A higher concentration of amylase (hyperamylasemia) can be indicative of acute pancreatitis, strangulation, peptic ulcer, ileus or mumps.



CLASSIFICATION OF AMYLASE:
There are three types of amylases known: alpha, beta and gamma.
All three are found in different organisms and catalyse different sites of the starch molecule.

ɑ-Amylase
ɑ-amylases are found in humans, animals, plants, as well as in microbes.
They are calcium metalloenzymes that cleave random α-1,4 glycosidic bonds to yield either maltose and maltotriose from amylose chains or glucose, maltose and dextrin from amylopectin chains.

In humans, amylase secreted from the pancreas and salivary gland is ɑ-amylases.
Because they can break random bonds in the starch chain, they tend to work more quickly than the 𝛃-amylases.
Their optimum pH is 6.7 – 7.0.
They are a member of the glycosidic hydrolase family 13.

𝛃-Amylase
The 𝛃-amylases are found in microbes and plants.
They hydrolyse the second α-1,4 glycosidic bond in the starch molecule and yield two maltose molecules at a time.
They are a member of the glycosidic hydrolase family 14.

At the time of ripening of fruits, the starch is hydrolysed into maltose which gives a sweet taste to the fruits.
Their optimum pH is 4.0 – 5.0. 𝛃-amylases are found in seeds in an inactive form prior to germination.

𝛄-Amylase
𝛄-amylases are found in plants and animals.
They cleave the last α-1,4 glycosidic bond and the α-1,6 glycosidic bond in the starch molecule to yield glucose molecules.
Their optimum pH is 3.
They are a member of the glycosidic hydrolase family 15.



WHY DO I NEED AN AMYLASE TEST?
Your health care provider may order an amylase blood and/or urine test if you have symptoms of a pancreatic disorder.
Symptoms may begin suddenly or slowly and include:

*Pain in your upper abdomen (belly) that may spread to your back or get worse after eating
*Loss of appetite
*Nausea and vomiting
*Fever
*Fast heartbeat
*Jaundice
*Greasy, foul-smelling stool (poop)

Your provider may also order an amylase test to monitor an existing condition that affects the pancreas, including:
*Chronic pancreatitis
*Pancreatic cancer
*Eating disorders
*Cystic fibrosis
*Alcohol use disorder
*Recovery from having gallstones removed after a gallbladder attack



WHAT IS AN AMYLASE TEST?
An amylase test measures the amount of amylase in your blood or urine (pee).
Amylase is an enzyme, or special protein, that helps you digest carbohydrates.
Most of the amylase in your body is made by your pancreas and salivary glands.

A small amount of amylase in your blood and urine is normal.
But having too much or too little may be a sign of a disorder of the pancreas or salivary glands, or another medical condition.



HISTORY OF AMYLASE:
In 1831, Erhard Friedrich Leuchs (1800–1837) described the hydrolysis of starch by saliva, due to the presence of an enzyme in saliva, "ptyalin", an amylase.
it was named after the Ancient Greek name for saliva: πτύαλον - ptyalon.

The modern history of enzymes began in 1833, when French chemists Anselme Payen and Jean-François Persoz isolated an amylase complex from germinating barley and named it "diastase".
It is from this term that all subsequent enzyme names tend to end in the suffix -ase.
In 1862, Russian biochemist Aleksandr Yakovlevich Danilevsky (1838–1923) separated pancreatic amylase from trypsin.



EVOLUTION OF AMYLASE:
Salivary amylase
Saccharides are a food source rich in energy.
Large polymers such as starch are partially hydrolyzed in the mouth by the enzyme amylase before being cleaved further into sugars.

Many mammals have seen great expansions in the copy number of the amylase gene.
These duplications allow for the pancreatic amylase AMY2 to re-target to the salivary glands, allowing animals to detect starch by taste and to digest starch more efficiently and in higher quantities.

Following the agricultural revolution 12,000 years ago, human diet began to shift more to plant and animal domestication in place of hunting and gathering.
Starch has become a staple of the human diet.
Despite the obvious benefits, early humans did not possess salivary amylase, a trend that is also seen in evolutionary relatives of the human, such as chimpanzees and bonobos, who possess either one or no copies of the gene responsible for producing salivary amylase.

Like in other mammals, the pancreatic alpha-amylase AMY2 was duplicated multiple times.
One event allowed it to evolve salivary specificity, leading to the production of amylase in the saliva (named in humans as AMY1).
The 1p21.1 region of human chromosome 1 contains many copies of these genes, variously named AMY1A, AMY1B, AMY1C, AMY2A, AMY2B, and so on.

However, not all humans possess the same number of copies of the AMY1 gene.
Populations known to rely more on saccharides have a higher number of AMY1 copies than human populations that, by comparison, consume little starch.
The number of AMY1 gene copies in humans can range from six copies in agricultural groups such as European-American and Japanese (two high starch populations) to only two to three copies in hunter-gatherer societies such as the Biaka, Datog, and Yakuts.

The correlation that exists between starch consumption and number of AMY1 copies specific to population suggest that more AMY1 copies in high starch populations has been selected for by natural selection and considered the favorable phenotype for those individuals.
Therefore, it is most likely that the benefit of an individual possessing more copies of AMY1 in a high starch population increases fitness and produces healthier, fitter offspring.

This fact is especially apparent when comparing geographically close populations with different eating habits that possess a different number of copies of the AMY1 gene.
Such is the case for some Asian populations that have been shown to possess few AMY1 copies relative to some agricultural populations in Asia.
This offers strong evidence that natural selection has acted on this gene as opposed to the possibility that the gene has spread through genetic drift.

Variations of amylase copy number in dogs mirrors that of human populations, suggesting they acquired the extra copies as they followed humans around.
Unlike humans whose amylase levels depend on starch content in diet, wild animals eating a broad range of foods tend to have more copies of amylase.
This may have to do with mainly detection of starch as opposed to digestion



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AMYLASE:
Physical state: powder, (lyophilized)
Color: Beige
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available

Viscosity:
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: No data available
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: 0.004Pa at 25℃
Density: 1.37 [at 20℃]
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: No data available
Other safety information: No data available
Storage: 2-8°C
Appearance: powder
Color: Beige
Vapor pressure: 0.004Pa at 25℃



FIRST AID MEASURES of AMYLASE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AMYLASE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AMYLASE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AMYLASE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AMYLASE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Change contaminated clothing.
Preventive skin protection recommended.
Wash hands after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage stability:
Recommended storage temperature: -20 °C
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13:
Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AMYLASE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available


AMYLODEXTRIN
AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE, N° CAS : 9032-08-0, Nom INCI : AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 232-877-2. Ses fonctions (INCI): Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE
ANISOLE, N° CAS : 100-66-3, Nom INCI : ANISOLE, Nom chimique : Methoxybenzene; Phenol Methyl Ether, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 202-876-1. Ses fonctions (INCI)Agent parfumant : Utilisé pour le parfum et les matières premières aromatiques
Ananas sativus
ananas ananas fruit; ananas bracteatus var. hondurensis fruit;ananas comosus fruit; ananas domestica fruit; ananas parguazensis fruit; ananas sativa fruit; bromelia ananas fruit; bromelia comosa fruit; pineapple (ananas sativus); plant material derived from the fruit of the pineapple, ananas comosus, bromeliaceae CAS NO:68917-26-0
Andiroba Yağı
ANDIROBA OIL; carapa guaianensis seed oil; andiroba tree seed oil; fixed oil expressed from the seeds of carapa guaianensis, meliaceae CSA NO:352458-32-3
ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT
Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is an effective herbal remedy for a number of skin problems.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract, a traditional herbal ingredient, offers deep hydration and moisture retention, ideal for dry and dehydrated skin.


Chem/IUPAC Name: Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is the extract of the roots of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Liliaceae
INCI name: ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT



SYNONYMS:
extract of the roots of anemarrhena asphodeloides, liliaceae



Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root extract is a natural raw material extracted from the roots of Anemarrhena Asphodeloides
which helps to strengthen skin elasticity, supply nutrients, and moisturize.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is more commonly known as Zhi Mu root.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is rich in sarsasapogenin.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is an effective herbal remedy for a number of skin problems.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract, a traditional herbal ingredient, offers deep hydration and moisture retention, ideal for dry and dehydrated skin.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has anti-aging benefits, reduces fine lines and wrinkles, and improves skin firmness.
With anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract calms irritated skin and protects against environmental stress.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is recommended for dry, mature or sensitive skin.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is important to test new products and follow a holistic skincare routine.
Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is a potent botanical remedy derived from the roots of the Anemarrhena asphodeloides plant, a perennial herb native to East Asia.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for centuries, valued for its purported therapeutic properties.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract, also known as the "zhi mu" plant, holds significant importance in TCM as a yin-tonifying herb, believed to nourish and balance bodily fluids.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is classified as a "yin-tonifying" herb, meaning it is believed to nourish and replenish the body's yin (cool, moistening) energies.
This property makes Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract particularly valuable in addressing conditions associated with excessive heat, dryness, or depletion of bodily fluids.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
Cosmetic Uses of Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract: skin conditioning
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract can be used to treat eczema, psoriasis, acne, and other inflammatory skin conditions.
Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, making it an ideal remedy for skin conditions and is safe for all skin types.


In traditional Chinese medicine, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is used for a number of health benefits.
The Chinese name for anemarrhena asphodeloides, Zhi mu, literally means "to stop sweat."
The root extract, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract, is used as a diuretic to treat edema, water retention, and urinary tract infections.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is also used to treat skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne.
Several recent reviews have reported that anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract can enlarge or make certain areas of the body, including the breasts and buttocks, larger.


Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is said to work by helping the body produce more fat cells in these areas.
This can lead to an increase in the size and fullness of the breasts and buttocks.
Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is also said to stimulate the production of collagen and elastin.


Both are important for maintaining skin elasticity and tone.
However, these claims are not supported by scientific research.
The TA-III found in Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract may protect against photoaging, and daily application of TA-III for 12 weeks has been found to significantly reduce the signs of aging on the face by limiting wrinkle formation.


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is commonly used in East Asian medicine.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract boosts skin elasticity, strengthens, soothes, improves skin tone, plumping-effect


Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root extract is made from natural ingredients, so it can be used with confidence, and only raw materials that have been rigorously and meticulously verified for 17 years of Francoise are used.
Additionally, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has been traditionally employed to promote kidney health and regulate water metabolism.


-Traditional Uses of Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract in Herbal Medicine:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has been revered in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years, with its roots being a staple ingredient in many herbal formulations.
Historically, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has been used to treat a range of ailments, including fevers, inflammation, respiratory conditions, and diabetes.



FUNCTIONS OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
*Skin conditioning:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract maintains skin in good condition
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is present in 0.04% of cosmetics.



POTENTIAL HEALTH BENEFITS OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
Based on scientific research and traditional knowledge, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract has been associated with several potential health benefits:

Antioxidant Properties:
The presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and saponins in the extract has been linked to Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract's antioxidant activity, which may help protect cells from oxidative stress and associated damage.

Anti-inflammatory Effects:
Studies have suggested that compounds found in Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract may possess anti-inflammatory properties, potentially making it useful in managing inflammatory conditions.

Antimicrobial Activity:
Certain phytochemicals in Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract have demonstrated antimicrobial activity against various bacterial and fungal strains, indicating its potential for applications in treating infectious diseases.

Antidiabetic Properties:
Traditional use and modern research have explored the potential of Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract in managing diabetes and its associated complications.
Some studies have suggested that Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract may help regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.

Skin Health:
Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract has been explored for its potential applications in skincare, such as promoting wound healing and addressing skin disorders like atopic dermatitis.

Respiratory Benefits:
Traditional Chinese medicine has utilized Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract to alleviate respiratory conditions, and modern research is investigating its potential efficacy in managing asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory ailments.



MODERN APPLICATIONS AND COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
With the growing interest in natural and botanical ingredients, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract has found its way into various commercial products across different industries.
In the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is being explored for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the development of natural remedies for diabetes, inflammatory conditions, and skincare products.

The cosmetic industry has also embraced Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract, incorporating it into skincare formulations, such as serums, creams, and lotions, due to its antioxidant and anti-aging properties.

Additionally, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract has been utilized in the production of herbal teas and dietary supplements, catering to consumers seeking natural remedies for various health concerns.
The increasing demand for natural and plant-based products has driven the popularity of Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract-based products, as consumers seek alternatives to synthetic compounds.

Conclusion
Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract is a powerful botanical remedy steeped in the rich history and cultural traditions of traditional Chinese medicine. With its diverse phytochemical composition and potential health benefits, this ancient remedy has garnered significant interest in modern healthcare and wellness practices.

From its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to its potential applications in managing diabetes, skin disorders, and respiratory ailments, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract holds promising therapeutic potential. However, further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and establish its efficacy in various therapeutic applications.

As we continue to explore the vast wealth of knowledge and wisdom found in traditional herbal medicine, Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract serves as a testament to the enduring value of nature's botanical treasures. By embracing and studying these ancient remedies, we may unlock new frontiers in modern healthcare and contribute to the development of safe, effective, and sustainable therapies.



EFFICACY OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
- The extract exhibits strong anti-inflammatory properties
- helping to prevent premature aging
- alleviate redness and sensitivity

Safety:
- gentle and non-irritating
- derived from a natural plant source

Description:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is a beneficial ingredient used in cosmetics that offers multiple advantages for your skin.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is derived from the root of the Anemarrhena Asphodeloides plant, known for its medicinal properties.

One of the main benefits of Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is its ability to soothe and calm the skin.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce redness, irritation, and sensitivity, making it suitable for those with sensitive or reactive skin.

Additionally, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract has hydrating properties that help replenish moisture and improve the skin's barrier function.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract also aids in promoting a more balanced complexion by regulating sebum production.
By incorporating products with Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract into your skincare routine, you can enjoy the benefits of soothing relief, improved hydration, and a calmer, healthier-looking complexion.



BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is a perennial herbaceous plant indigenous to regions of East Asia, including China, Korea, and Japan.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is characterized by its long, slender leaves and small, white flowers that bloom during the summer months.
The plant's roots, which are the primary source of the medicinal extract, are thick and fleshy, with a cylindrical shape and light brown exterior.

Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract thrives in well-drained soils and prefers a warm, temperate climate.
Cultivation of v involves careful management of soil conditions and temperature, as well as proper harvesting techniques to ensure the quality and potency of the roots.



PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is rich in various phytochemicals, including saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds.
These bioactive compounds are believed to contribute to the plant's therapeutic properties and potential health benefits.

Saponins, such as timosaponins and anemarsaponins, are among the most abundant phytochemicals found in Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract.
These compounds have been studied for their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

Flavonoids, including quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, are also present in the extract and are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Additionally, phenolic compounds like chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid have been identified, contributing to the extract's antioxidant and potential chemopreventive effects.

Numerous research studies have investigated the bioactive constituents and pharmacological effects of Anemarrhena asphodeloides root extract, shedding light on its potential therapeutic applications.

As a skin care professional, I am always eager to explore and share knowledge about lesser-known, yet effective ingredients, such as Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract.
This traditional herbal ingredient, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract, has quietly become a valuable part of modern skin care, and here's why:


*Hydration and Moisture Retention:
One of the foremost properties of Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is its ability to deeply hydrate the skin.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract contains natural saponins known for their moisturizing properties, making it an excellent ingredient for dry and dehydrated skin.


*Anti-Aging Benefits:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract also contributes to anti-aging by helping to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
This is achieved in part through its hydrating effect, which helps to plump the skin and make Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract firmer and smoother.


*Soothing Inflammation:
Due to its natural anti-inflammatory properties, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is effective in calming irritated and inflamed skin.
This makes Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract ideal for use in products intended for sensitive or problematic skin.


*Improves Skin Elasticity:
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is also known to help improve skin elasticity.
This is important not only to fight signs of ageing but also to maintain a healthy and robust skin structure.


*Antioxidant Properties:
With its natural antioxidants, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract protects the skin from damage caused by free radicals and environmental stressors, which is essential for maintaining a healthy skin barrier.

As a skin care professional, I recommend products containing Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract especially for those with dry, mature or sensitive skin.
Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is important to remember that even natural ingredients can have different effects on different skin types, so it is always a good idea to test a new product on a small area of ​​the skin before full use.
As always, a holistic approach to skincare, which includes both internal and external factors, is key to achieving optimal skin health.



WHAT DOES ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Skin conditioning



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
Chem/IUPAC Name: Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract is the extract of the roots of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Liliaceae
INCI name: ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT



FIRST AID MEASURES of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ANEMARRHENA ASPHODELOIDES ROOT EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract belongs to the following substance groups
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract contains chemicals that might kill cancer cells and fungus, reduce anxiety, and settle the stomach.


Chem/IUPAC Name: Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is an extract of the roots of Angelica dahurica, Umbelliferae



SYNONYMS:
American Angelica, Angélica, Angelica acutiloba, Angelica archangelica, Angelica atropurpurea, Angelica curtisi, Angelica Dahurica, Angelica officinalis, Angelica sylvestris, Angelicae Dahuricae, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Angelicae Fructus, Angelicae Herba, Angelicae Radix, Angelica sylvestris, Angelicae, Angélique, Angélique Archangélique, Angélique Cultivée, Angélique de Bohème, Angélique des Jardins, Angélique Médicinale, Angélique Officinale, Angélique Sauvage, Angélique Vraie, Archangelica officinalis, Archangélique, Bai Zhi, Dang Gui (Angelica root), Du Huo, Garden Angelica, European Angelica, Herbe aux Anges, Herbe du Saint-Esprit, Japanese Angelica, Racine du Saint Esprit, Radix Angelicae, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis, Root of the Holy Ghost, Wild Angelica, Wild Parsnip, Angelica dahurica root, Dahurian Angelica Root (Angelica Dahurica), Dahurian Angelica Root, Angelica dahurica root, Angelica Dahurica Root Dry Extract, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract, Angelica Dahurica Root Powder, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Angelica Dahurica), Bai Zhi, Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), Dahurian Angelica Root, Dahurian Angelica Root (Angelica Dahurica), Ezo Senkyu Root, Fragrant Angelica Root, O-sisi-udo Root, Udo-modaki Root, Yoroi-gusa Root, ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT [JAN], ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT [WHO-DD], ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT DRY EXTRACT, ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT, ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT POWDER, ANGELICAE DAHURICAE RADIX, ANGELICAE DAHURICAE RADIX (ANGELICA DAHURICA), ANGELICAE DAHURICAE RADIX (ANGELICA DAHURICA) [CHP], BAI ZHI, BAIZHI (ANGELICA DAHURICA), DA-9805 COMPONENT ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT, DAHURIAN ANGELICA ROOT, DAHURIAN ANGELICA ROOT (ANGELICA DAHURICA), EZO SENKYU ROOT, FRAGRANT ANGELICA ROOT, O-SISI-UDO ROOT, UDO-MODAKI ROOT, YOROI-GUSA ROOT, Dahurian Angelica, Fragrant Angelica



Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is a species of plant that is part of the Angelica family and is commonly used for medicinal purposes in the Far East.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is known for its diuretic properties and is believed to possess antispasmodic, diaphoretic, expectorant, bitter aromatic, carminative, and local anti-inflammatory properties.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract contains chemicals that might kill cancer cells and fungus, reduce anxiety, and settle the stomach.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract belongs to the following substance groups.
Cosmetics Ingredients are subject to regulation.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is extracted from the dried roots of the Umbelliferae plant Angelica dahuricae.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract mainly contains coumarins and volatile oil components, and has various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, anti-tumor, and liver protection.


One of the main active ingredients of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is coumarins.
Coumarin compounds can be widely used as anticoagulant and antithrombotic drugs.
They also promote lipolysis and inhibit fat synthesis. In addition, they also have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can relieve pain, relieve cough and asthma, and scavenge free radicals.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is also known as bai zhi, is extracted from the root of the plant and a herbal ingredient with significant effect to inhibit melanin and whitening freckles.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is an extract of the roots of Angelica dahurica.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract, commonly known as Dahurian angelica, is a widely grown species of angelica native to Siberia, Russia Far East, Mongolia, Northeastern China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract tends to grow near river banks, along streams and among rocky shrubs.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is widely used for its medicinal properties and is known to contain furanocoumarins and angelicotoxin.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is also commonly known as Chinese angelica, the garden angelica, root of the Holy Ghost, and wild angelica, as well as by its Chinese name, bai zhi (白芷).


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is a perennial plant that grows to about 1–2 meters tall.
The plant usually has a brown cylindrical root that grows approximately 2–5 cm thick.
The stem is purplish-green in color, ribbed, and it usually ranges from 2–8 cm thick in diameter.


First year plants remain in a basal clump about 30 inches high, fuller in rich soil, with complex divided leaves 10-20 inches long, and reddish-purple coloring at the base.
In the second or third year plant, the plant sends up a sturdy, hollow one-inch diameter stalk to 8 feet.


The plant produces greenish-white flowers on umbels up to 12 inches in diameter that bloom in the summer, usually from July to August or September.
The seeds of the plant follow, turning from greenish-white to medium brown and papery as they ripen from August to October.
The flowers of the plant are hermaphroditic (containing both male and female reproductive organs) and are pollinated via insects.


The plant also undergoes self pollination.
The roots and leaves of the plant are strongly aromatic.
The roots have a scent resembling that of wild carrots (Daucus carota), and a pungent, bitter taste.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is not an approved drug.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is a genus of plants and herbs that’s often used in traditional medicine, particularly in Asian countries.


The roots of many species of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract are used to make herbal medicines.
However, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract typically refers to the species Angelica archangelica (A. archangelica).
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may also refer to Angelica sinensis (A. sinensis).


The roots and other parts of both of these plants have a long history of use in traditional and herbal medicine, although Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has been more thoroughly researched.
Plants in the Angelica genus grow up to 10 feet (3 meters) tall and have globe-like clusters of green or yellow flowers that blossom into small yellow fruits.


They also tend to have a strong, unique smell due to the aromatic compounds they contain.
The scent is often described as musky, earthy, or herbaceous.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is known by a variety of names, including dong quai and female ginseng.


On the other hand, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is commonly known as wild celery or Norwegian angelica.
This type grows mainly in European countries, where Angelica Dahurica Root Extract’s used in certain culinary applications or as an herbal medicine.
Although the name Angelica Dahurica Root Extract implies that just the root is used, most A. archangelica supplements and herbal medicine products contain the root, seeds, fruits, and/or flowers of the plant. A. sinensis products are typically only made with the root of the plant.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
People use Angelica Dahurica Root Extract for indigestion, quitting smoking, excessive urination at night, decline in memory and thinking skills, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can be used in the pharmaceutical industry


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can be used in the cosmetics industry
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can be used in the food industry
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is used ingredients for skincare


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is used regulating cosmetics
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract helps to improve micro-circulation, promotes skin metabolism and delay skin ageing.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has also been used in making natural skincare products such as handmade soaps, scrubs, creams, lotions, etc.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is used primarily for the treatment of headaches relieving the nasal obstruction, detoxification of the blood, and as a pain reliever.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has been used as an anti-inflammatory, laxative, sedative, and anti-fungal cream for skin, as well as treating swollen gums and toothaches.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is used in traditional Chinese medicine for various purposes, including hormonal balance, digestive support, and liver detoxification.
On the other hand, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is traditionally used in European countries for digestive problems, circulation issues, and anxiety.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract’s native to China and other countries in East Asia, where it’s used primarily in traditional medicine to treat female hormonal issues.
This type grows mainly in European countries, where Angelica Dahurica Root Extract’s used in certain culinary applications or as an herbal medicine.


A. sinensis and Angelica Dahurica Root Extract are related, but typically only the root of the A. sinensis plant is used in herbal medicine, while the entire A. archangelica plant is used.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract, particularly A. archangelica, has some culinary uses.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract’s sometimes used in the production of gin and other spirits, and the leaves can be candied to use as a garnish or decoration.
However, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract’s primarily used as an herbal remedy.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has a long history of use as a traditional medicine in Europe and Russia, where it grows wild.


Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is used in traditional Chinese medicine, primarily for women’s health purposes.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract is used for women’s health issues in traditional Chinese medicine, whereas A. archangelica is utilized in certain parts of Europe as an herbal remedy and for making spirits.


-Other uses of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract:
The stalks of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract have also been commonly used as a food ingredient.
The stems have been made into decorative items.

The seeds are often used as a seasoning condiment in food as well as a source of flavoring in liqueur.
Another popular usage for this herb is its ingredient in cosmetic products.


-Medicinal uses of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract:
The medicinal properties of the Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has been dated back to Ancient China as early as 400 BC.
Zhang Cong Zhen (1156–1228), a famous physician in the military, believed that diseases were caused by external evil factors, or pathogens, that entered the human body.

He listed Bai Zhi as an herb that purge the body of any negative influences such as heat, clamminess, dryness, and cold on the skin.
Today, the roots are used for other numerous treatments of illnesses such as headaches, relieving nasal obstruction, detoxification of the blood, as a pain reliever, an anti-inflammatory, a laxative, sedative, anti-fungal cream for skin, as well as treating swollen gums and toothaches.



FUNCTION OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
1. Effect on the central nervous system.
A small dose of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can excite the respiratory center, vasomotor center and vagus nerve of the oblongata, thereby enhancing breathing, raising blood pressure and slowing the pulse.

2. Hemostatic effect.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has a significant effect on shortening or reducing the bleeding time, bleeding volume, coagulation time and prothrombin time of animals.

3. Effect on the uterus.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has anti-estrogenic activity

4. Antibacterial effect.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract decoction has a certain inhibitory effect on some bacteria.

5. Anti-cancer effect.
The water extract of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can promote the production of interferon in the body and has anti-tumor effects.

6. Hepatoprotective effect.
Parsley B isolated from Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has the effect of inhibiting concanavalin A-induced hepatitis.

7. Effect on skin.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract has an inhibitory effect on tyrosine, so it can be used for skin whitening.



WHAT DOES ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Skin conditioning



BENEFITS OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may also offer some benefits, but little research has been done on this herb.

*Anticancer properties
In test-tube studies, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract — like A. sinensis — shows some promising anticancer and anti-tumor effects.
These effects are thought to come from angelicin and imperatorin, two powerful phytochemicals found in Angelica Dahurica Root Extract.


*Antimicrobial effects
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may also kill harmful bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
In test-tube studies, Angelica Dahurica Root Extract essential oil can kill disease-causing bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Angelica Dahurica Root Extract extract and some isolated compounds from it, including imperatorin, also exhibit antiviral activity against the herpes simplex (cold sore) virus and coxsackievirus, which causes digestive illness.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract also shows promise as a potential food-safe preservative to inhibit mold growth, as it can kill mold that grows on walnuts.


*Anti-anxiety effects
Finally, there’s some compelling evidence from animal studies that Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may help reduce anxiety.

Summary
A. sinensis offers potential benefits for wound healing, menopause, and arthritis. Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may provide anti-anxiety and antimicrobial benefits.
Both types can kill certain cancer cells in test-tube studies, but more research in humans is needed.



DOWNSIDES OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract, particularly A. sinensis, has known side effects and may cause some drug interactions.
While Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may likewise have some potential side effects, it has not been studied as much as A. sinensis.

There have been suspected cases of high dose Angelica Dahurica Root Extract supplements causing heart problems. A. sinensis may also increase your blood pressure.

Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may likewise interact with blood thinners like warfarin, possibly causing dangerous and potentially fatal bleeding in certain instances.
If you’re taking a blood thinner, you should not use Angelica Dahurica Root Extract without first clearing it with your healthcare provider.

Additionally, members of the Angelica genus contain furanocoumarins, which are the same compounds in grapefruit that may interact with many drugs, including certain cholesterol and anti-seizure medications.
Talk to your healthcare provider before supplementing with any type of Angelica if you’re taking prescription medications that carry a grapefruit warning.

Furthermore, know that photodermatitis, which is an abnormal skin response to ultraviolet (UV) rays, and contact dermatitis are also a concern when handling the angelica plant.

Finally, due to a lack of evidence regarding their safety in pregnant and breastfeeding women, you should avoid taking Angelica Dahurica Root Extract and A. sinensis if you’re pregnant, trying to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Summary
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may increase your blood pressure, cause heart problems, and interact with blood thinners.
Additionally, plants in the Angelica genus may interact with drugs that carry a grapefruit warning.



TYPE OF PREPARATION OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
Extract (solvent extract)



FUNCTIONS OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*SKIN CONDITIONING
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract maintains the skin in good condition



PROPAGATION OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
In an ideal climate, most species of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract, including the dahurican root, can thrive in moist and shady environments, at the same time where sun is accessible when necessary.

It is best to plant fresh seeds of this plant once available.
Once the seeds have ripened, its color brown and texture papery, they are immediately sown in a cold frame in deep, moist, fertile soil.

Though the plants can grow under semi-shade or full-shaded conditions, the seeds require light for it to germinate.
In addition, since this is a perennial plant, seeds are not required for its growth. A. dahurica can grow back naturally on its own, year after year.
The Dahurican roots are primarily produced in China's Sichuan province, in the Suining district.



CULTIVATION OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
The Dahurican roots are harvested twice a year during the summer and autumn seasons.
Its cylindrical roots must be harvested before the plant's stalk emerges.
The leaves are removed, the side roots are trimmed, and the roots are thinly sliced, longitudinally.

Afterwards, the sliced roots are dried under the sun.
In Suining, 70% of its usage are for general purposes whereas 100% of its usage are for medicinal purposes.
The roots are also harvested and cultivated in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea.



BENEFITS OF ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
Overall, there’s very little scientific evidence regarding the benefits of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract — neither A. sinensis nor A. archangelica.

A. sinensis benefits
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract’s thought that most of the potential benefits of A. sinensis come from ligustilide, a powerful compound that comprises approximately 1% of the plant and provides much of its strong fragrance.

*Wound healing
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may promote wound healing by encouraging angiogenesis, or the creation of new blood vessels.
There’s also some early evidence that Angelica Dahurica Root Extract can specifically promote the healing of diabetic foot wounds.
These can be more severe and slower to heal than other wounds due to the blood vessel and tissue damage that high blood sugar levels cause.

*Relief of menopausal hot flashes
One of the most common uses of A. sinensis, especially in traditional Chinese medicine, is the management of menopausal symptoms and other female hormonal issues.

Complementary therapies are also growing in popularity, as more people seek out natural options for menopause symptoms like hot flashes or night sweats.
Some evidence suggests that decreasing levels of serotonin in the body can contribute to menopausal hot flashes, and Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may help maintain or increase circulating levels of serotonin — thereby reducing the severity and frequency of hot flashes.

Still, there’s very little high quality evidence to support the use of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract for menopause symptoms, nor any long-term evidence of its safety in menopausal women.

*Arthritis relief
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may provide protection against both osteoarthritis, or joint “wear and tear,” as well as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an inflammatory, autoimmune condition of the joints.

Supplementing with Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may decrease inflammation, prevent further joint damage, and promote cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.
Angelica Dahurica Root Extract may decrease the inflammatory response, reducing pain and improving some of its other symptoms.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
Pharmacodynamics: Not Available
Mechanism of action: Not Available
Absorption: Not Available
Volume of distribution: Not Available
Protein binding: Not Available
Metabolism: Not Available
Route of elimination: Not Available
Half-life: Not Available
Clearance: Not Available



FIRST AID MEASURES of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ANGELICA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


Angelica archangelica
angelica archangelica extract; extract of the whole herb, holy ghost, angelica archangelica l., apiaceae; garden angelica extract; angelica fluid extract; angelica spray-dried powder extract; archangelica norvegica extract; archangelica officinalis extract CAS NO:84775-41-7
Anhydrous Lactose
SYNONYMS Lactose; (+)-Lactose; Lactose anhydrous; Milk sugar; 4-(beta-D-Galactosido)-D-glucose; 4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose; Aletobiose; D-Lactose; 1-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-4-D-glucopyranose; Lactobiose; Lactosum anhydricum; beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucopyranose; (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6- ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl) oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol; CAS NO:63-42-3
ANILINE
Aniline (from Portuguese anil 'indigo shrub', and -ine indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2.
Aniline is a type of organic base which is used in the making of several dyes, explosives, plastics, drugs, and rubber, and photographic chemicals.
Aniline is an industrially significant commodity chemical, as well as a versatile starting material for fine chemical synthesis.

CAS Number: 62-53-3
EC Number: 200-539-3
Chemical Formula: C6H7N
Molar Mass: 93.129 g·mol−1

Aniline is used in rubber accelerators and anti-oxidants, dyes and intermediates, photographic chemicals, as isocyanates for urethane foams, in pharmaceuticals, explosives, petroleum refining; and in production of diphenylamine, phenolics, herbicides and fungicides.
Aniline is also used in the manufacture of polyurethanes, rubber processing chemicals, pesticides, fibres, dyes and pigments, photographic chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.

Aniline is an aromatic primary amine that may be used as a reactant in the synthesis of organic intermediates such as 3-chloro-N-phenyl-pyridin-2-amine, (Z)-methyl 3-(phenylamino)but-2-enoate, 2-iodo-N-phenylbenzamide, 2,4-dichloroquinoline and N-(2-propynyl)aniline.

Aniline (from Portuguese anil 'indigo shrub', and -ine indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2.
Consisting of a phenyl group (−C6H5) attached to an amino group (−NH2), aniline is the simplest aromatic amine.

Aniline is an industrially significant commodity chemical, as well as a versatile starting material for fine chemical synthesis.
Aniline main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane, dyes, and other industrial chemicals.

Like most volatile amines, Aniline has the odor of rotten fish.
Aniline ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds.
Aniline is toxic to humans.

Relative to benzene, Aniline is electron-rich.
Aniline thus participates more rapidly in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

Likewise, Aniline is also prone to oxidation: while freshly purified aniline is an almost colorless oil, exposure to air results in gradual darkening to yellow or red, due to the formation of strongly colored, oxidized impurities.
Aniline can be diazotized to give a diazonium salt, which can then undergo various nucleophilic substitution reactions.

Like other amines, aniline is both a base (pKaH = 4.6) and a nucleophile, although less so than structurally similar aliphatic amines.
Because an early source of the benzene from which they are derived was coal tar, aniline dyes are also called coal tar dyes.

Aniline is a type of organic base which is used in the making of several dyes, explosives, plastics, drugs, and rubber, and photographic chemicals.
Anilines are the organic compounds that lie in the class of groups coming in the organic chemistry that is referred to as aminobenzene or phenylamine.

These compounds are known to be toxic and to be one of the classes of the aromatic amines.
They are used in a variety of industrial applications and possess all the characteristics of that of an aromatic compound.

The aniline compounds are known to have the formula C6H5NH2 in which the amino group is attached to the phenyl group. 
Aniline occurs in the form of a yellowish and slightly brownish oily liquid which has a fishy and a musty odour.

Aniline smells like a rotten fish.
Aniline is a chemical substance that is a flammable liquid and has a very unpleasant odour.

Aniline of aniline is soluble in water which is colourless to light brown.
Aniline chemical formula is C6H5NH2 or C6H7N.

Since Aniline consists of 6 carbon atoms, 7 hydrogen atoms, and 1 nitrogen atom in Aniline chemical formula, Aniline is an organic compound.
Today, we will learn about what is anilines, the phenylamine structure, Aniline physical properties and uses.

Aniline, an organic base used to make dyes, drugs, explosives, plastics, and photographic and rubber chemicals.

Aniline was first obtained in 1826 by the destructive distillation of indigo.
Aniline name is taken from the specific name of the indigo-yielding plant Indigofera anil (Indigofera suffruticosa); Aniline chemical formula is C6H5NH2.

Aniline is prepared commercially by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene or by the action of ammonia on chlorobenzene.
The reduction of nitrobenzene can also be carried out with iron borings in aqueous acid.

A primary aromatic amine, aniline is a weak base and forms salts with mineral acids.
In acidic solution, nitrous acid converts aniline into a diazonium salt that is an intermediate in the preparation of a great number of dyes and other organic compounds of commercial interest.

When aniline is heated with organic acids, Aniline gives amides, called anilides, such as acetanilide from aniline and acetic acid.
Monomethylaniline and dimethylaniline can be prepared from aniline and methyl alcohol.

Catalytic reduction of aniline yields cyclohexylamine.
Various oxidizing agents convert aniline to quinone, azobenzene, nitrosobenzene, p-aminophenol, and the phenazine dye aniline black.

Pure aniline is a highly poisonous, oily, colourless substance with a pleasant odour.

Aniline is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.
Aniline is used at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Anilines are an organic compound.
Aniline has a formula C6H5NH2 since Aniline has 6 carbon atoms, 1 nitrogen atom and 7 hydrogen atoms.

Anilines has a phenyl group attached to an amino group.
Aniline is the simplest aromatic amine.

Anilines are an industrially significant commodity chemical.
Like other volatile amines, Aniline has the odour of rotten fish.

Aniline ignites easily.
Aniline burns with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds.

Chemically, aniline is an electron-rich benzene derivative.
As a consequence, aniline reacts rapidly in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

Aniline is also prone to oxidation.
Freshly purified aniline is a bit colourless oil, on exposure to air results in gradual darkening of the sample (to yellow or red) due to the formation of strongly coloured, oxidized impurities.

Aniline is diazotized to give a diazonium salt.
This salt then undergoes various nucleophilic substitution reactions.

Aniline appears as a yellowish to brownish oily liquid with a musty fishy odor.
Aniline is produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

Aniline is used to manufacture other chemicals, especially dyes, photographic chemicals, agricultural chemicals and others.
Aniline is a clear to slightly yellow liquid with a characteristic odor.
Aniline does not readily evaporate at room temperature.

Aniline is slightly soluble in water and mixes readily with most organic solvents.
Aniline is used to make a wide variety of products such as polyurethane foam, agricultural chemicals, synthetic dyes, antioxidants, stabilizers for the rubber industry, herbicides, varnishes and explosives.

Aniline is an organic chemical compound, specifically a primary aromatic amine.
Aniline consists of a benzene ring attached to an amino group.

Aniline is oily and, although colorless, Aniline can be slowly oxidized and resinified in air to form impurities which can give Aniline a red-brown tint.
Aniline boiling point is 184 degree centigrade and Aniline melting point is -6 degree centegrade.

Aniline is a liquid at room temperature.
Like most volatile amines, Aniline possesses a somewhat unpleasant odour of rotten fish, and also has a burning aromatic taste; Aniline is a highly acrid poison.

Aniline ignites readily, burning with a large smoky flame.
Aniline reacts with strong acids to form salts containing the anilinium (or phenylammonium) ion (C6H5-NH3+), and reacts with acyl halides (such as acetyl chloride (ethanoyl chloride), CH3COCl) to form amides.

The amides formed from aniline are sometimes called anilides, for example CH3-CO-NH-C6H5 is acetanilide, for which the modern name is N-phenyl ethanamide.
Like phenols, aniline derivatives are highly reactive in electrophilic substitution reactions.
For example, sulfonation of aniline produces sulfanilic acid, which can be converted to sulfanilamide.

Sulfanilamide is one of the sulfa drugs which were widely used as antibacterial in the early 20th century.
Aniline was first isolated from the destructive distillation of indigo in 1826 by Otto Unverdorben.

In 1834, Friedrich Runge isolated from coal tar a substance which produced a beautiful blue color on treatment with chloride of lime; this he named kyanol or cyanol.
In 1841, C. J. Fritzsche showed that by treating indigo with caustic potash Aniline yielded an oil, which he named aniline, from the specific name of one of the indigo-yielding plants, Indigofera anil, anil being derived from the Sanskrit, dark-blue.

Uses of Aniline:
Aniline is predominantly used for the preparation of methylenedianiline and related compounds by condensation with formaldehyde.
The diamines are condensed with phosgene to give methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, a precursor to urethane polymers.

Other uses include rubber processing chemicals (9%), herbicides (2%), and dyes and pigments (2%).
As additives to rubber, aniline derivatives such as phenylenediamines and diphenylamine, are antioxidants.

Illustrative of the drugs prepared from aniline is paracetamol (acetaminophen, Tylenol).
The principal use of aniline in the dye industry is as a precursor to indigo, the blue of blue jeans.

Aniline is predominantly used as a chemical intermediate for the dye, agricultural, polymer, and rubber industries.
Aniline is also used as a solvent, and has been used as an antiknock compound for gasolines.

Aniline is used in the synthesis of dyes, rubber additives, drugs, photographic chemicals, isocyanates, and pesticides.

Aniline is used in mmanufacture dyes, medicinals, resins, varnishes, perfumes, shoe blacks; vulcanizing rubber; as solvent.
Aniline is stable, although small outlet, aniline is mainly used for preparation of analgesics, antipyretics, antiallergics, and vitamins.

Uses at industrial sites:
Aniline is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products.
Aniline has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Aniline is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Aniline can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), for thermoplastic manufacture and manufacturing of Aniline.

Industry Uses:
Brightener
Dye
Heat transferring agent
Intermediate
Intermediates
Lubricating agent
Other (specify)
Processing aids not otherwise specified
Processing aids, not otherwise listed

Consumer Uses:
Dye
Intermediate
Other (specify)

Industrial Processes with risk of exposure:
Shakeout, Cleaning, and Finishing
Leather Tanning and Processing

Activities with risk of exposure:
Smoking cigarettes

Structure of Aniline:

Aryl-N distances:
In aniline, the C−N bond length is 1.41 Å, compared to 1.47 Å for cyclohexylamine, indicating partial π-bonding between N and C.
The C(aryl)-NH2 distance in anilines is highly sensitive to substituent effects.
This distance is 1.34 Å in 2,4,6-trinitroaniline vs 1.44 Å in 3-methylaniline.

Pyramidalization:
The amine in anilines is a slightly pyramidalized molecule, with hybridization of the nitrogen somewhere between sp3 and sp2.
The nitrogen is described as having high p character.
The amino group in aniline is flatter (i.e., Aniline is a "shallower pyramid") than that in an aliphatic amine, owing to conjugation of the lone pair with the aryl substituent.

The observed geometry reflects a compromise between two competing factors: stabilization of the N lone pair in an orbital with significant s character favors pyramidalization (orbitals with s character are lower in energy), while delocalization of the N lone pair into the aryl ring favors planarity (a lone pair in a pure p orbital gives the best overlap with the orbitals of the benzene ring π system).

Consistent with these factors, substituted anilines with electron donating groups are more pyramidalized, while those with electron withdrawing groups are more planar.
In the parent aniline, the lone pair is approximately 12% s character, corresponding to sp7.3 hybridization. (For comparison, alkylamines generally have lone pairs in orbitals that are close to sp3.)

The pyramidalization angle between the C–N bond and the bisector of the H–N–H angle is 142.5°.
For comparison, in more strongly pyramidal methylamine, this value is ~125°, while that of formamide has an angle of 180°.

Production of Aniline:
Industrial aniline production involves two steps.
First, benzene is nitrated with a concentrated mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid at 50 to 60 °C to yield nitrobenzene.
The nitrobenzene is then hydrogenated (typically at 200–300 °C) in the presence of metal catalysts.

The reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline was first performed by Nikolay Zinin in 1842, using inorganic sulfide as a reductant (Zinin reaction).
The reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline was also performed as part of reductions by Antoine Béchamp in 1854, using iron as the reductant (Bechamp reduction).

Aniline can alternatively be prepared from ammonia and phenol derived from the cumene process.

In commerce, three brands of aniline are distinguished: aniline oil for blue, which is pure aniline; aniline oil for red, a mixture of equimolecular quantities of aniline and ortho- and para-toluidines; and aniline oil for safranine, which contains aniline and ortho-toluidine and is obtained from the distillate (échappés) of the fuchsine fusion.

Related aniline derivatives:
Many analogues of aniline are known where the phenyl group is further substituted.
These include toluidines, xylidines, chloroanilines, aminobenzoic acids, nitroanilines, and many others.

They often are prepared by nitration of the substituted aromatic compounds followed by reduction.
For example, this approach is used to convert toluene into toluidines and chlorobenzene into 4-chloroaniline.
Alternatively, using Buchwald-Hartwig coupling or Ullmann reaction approaches, aryl halides can be aminated with aqueous or gaseous ammonia.

Manufacturing Methods of Aniline:
Nitrobenzene is hydrogenated to aniline, usually in more than 99% yield, using fixed-bed or fluidized-bed vapor-phase processes.
The most effective catalysts for the gas-phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene seem to be copper or palladium on activated carbon or an oxidic support, in combination with other metals (Pb, V, P, Cr) as modifiers or promoters in order to achieve high activity and selectivity.

The industrial aniline processes of ICI and DuPont involve hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in the liquid phase.
Liquid-phase hydrogenation processes are operated at 90-200 °C and 100-600 kPa.

The liquid phase reaction may be carried out in slurry or in fluidized-bed reactors.
Conversion of nitrobenzene is normally complete after a single reactor pass with yields of 98 to 99%.

In the commercial phenol route developed, phenol is aminated in the vapor phase using ammonia in the presence of a silica-alumina catalyst.
The reaction is mildly exothermic (H = - 8.4 kJ/mol) and reversible, so high conversion is obtained only by the use of excess ammonia (mole ratio of 20:1) and a low reaction temperature, which also reduces the dissociation of ammonia.

By product impurities include diphenylamine, triphenylamine and carbazole.
Their formation is also inhibited by the use of excess ammonia.

Yields based on phenol and ammonia are >/= 96% and 80%, respectively.
In the process phenol and fresh and recycle ammonia are vaporized separately (to prevent yield losses) and combined in the fixed bed amination reactor (a) containing the silica-alumina catalyst. After the reaction at 370 °C and 1.7 MPa, the gas is cooled, partly condensed and the excess ammonia is recovered in a separation column, compressed and recycled.

The condensation product is passed through a drying column to remove water and then through a finishing column to separate aniline from residual phenol and impurities in vacuum (less than 80 kPa).
The phenol, containing some aniline (azeotropic mixture) is recycled.

Manufactured from nitrobenzene or chlorobenzene.

Derivation:
By (1) catalytic vapor-phase reduction of nitrobenzene with hydrogen;
(2) reduction of nitrobenzene with iron filings using hydrochloric acid as catalyst;
(3) catalytic reaction of chlorobenzene and aqueous ammonia;
(4) ammonolysis of phenol (Japan).

General Manufacturing Information of Aniline:

Industry Processing Sectors:
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing
Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Manufacturing
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
Paper Manufacturing
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
Plastics Product Manufacturing
Rubber Product Manufacturing
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing

Reactions of Aniline:
The chemistry of aniline is rich because Aniline has been cheaply available for many years.
Below are some classes of Aniline reactions.

Oxidation:
The oxidation of aniline has been heavily investigated, and can result in reactions localized at nitrogen or more commonly results in the formation of new C-N bonds.
In alkaline solution, azobenzene results, whereas arsenic acid produces the violet-coloring matter violaniline.

Chromic acid converts Aniline into quinone, whereas chlorates, in the presence of certain metallic salts (especially of vanadium), give aniline black.
Hydrochloric acid and potassium chlorate give chloranil.

Potassium permanganate in neutral solution oxidizes Aniline to nitrobenzene; in alkaline solution to azobenzene, ammonia, and oxalic acid; in acid solution to aniline black.
Hypochlorous acid gives 4-aminophenol and para-amino diphenylamine.

Oxidation with persulfate affords a variety of polyanilines.
These polymers exhibit rich redox and acid-base properties.

Electrophilic reactions at ortho- and para- positions:
Like phenols, aniline derivatives are highly susceptible to electrophilic substitution reactions.
Aniline high reactivity reflects that Aniline is an enamine, which enhances the electron-donating ability of the ring.
For example, reaction of aniline with sulfuric acid at 180 °C produces sulfanilic acid, H2NC6H4SO3H.

If bromine water is added to aniline, the bromine water is decolourised and a white precipitate of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline is formed.

To generate the mono-substituted product, a protection with acetyl chloride is required:
The reaction to form 4-bromoaniline is to protect the amine with acetyl chloride, then hydrolyse back to reform aniline.
The largest scale industrial reaction of aniline involves Aniline alkylation with formaldehyde.

An idealized equation is shown:
2C6H5NH2+CH2O⟶CH2(C6H4NH2)2+H2O

The resulting diamine is the precursor to 4,4'-MDI and related diisocyanates.

Reactions at nitrogen:

Basicity:
Aniline is a weak base.
Aromatic amines such as aniline are, in general, much weaker bases than aliphatic amines.
Aniline reacts with strong acids to form the anilinium (or phenylammonium) ion (C6H5−NH+3).

Traditionally, the weak basicity of aniline is attributed to a combination of inductive effect from the more electronegative sp2 carbon and resonance effects, as the lone pair on the nitrogen is partially delocalized into the pi system of the benzene ring.

Missing in such an analysis is consideration of solvation.
Aniline is, for example, more basic than ammonia in the gas phase, but ten thousand times less so in aqueous solution.

Acylation:
Aniline reacts with acyl chlorides such as acetyl chloride to give amides.
The amides formed from aniline are sometimes called anilides, for example CH3−CO−NH−C6H5 is acetanilide.
At high temperatures aniline and carboxylic acids react to give the anilides.

N-Alkylation:

N-Methylation of aniline with methanol at elevated temperatures over acid catalysts gives N-methylaniline and N,N-dimethylaniline:
C6H5NH2+2CH3OH⟶C6H5N(CH3)2+2H2O

N-Methylaniline and N,N-dimethylaniline are colorless liquids with boiling points of 193–195 °C and 192 °C, respectively.
These derivatives are of importance in the color industry.

Carbon disulfide derivatives:
Boiled with carbon disulfide, Aniline gives sulfocarbanilide (diphenylthiourea) (CS(NHC6H5)2), which may be decomposed into phenyl isothiocyanate (C6H5CNS), and triphenyl guanidine (C6H5N=C(NHC6H5)2).

Diazotization:
Aniline and its ring-substituted derivatives react with nitrous acid to form diazonium salts.
Through these intermediates, the amine group can be converted to a hydroxyl (−OH), nitrile (−CN), or halide group (−X, where X is a halogen) via Sandmeyer reactions.

This diazonium salt can also be reacted with NaNO2 and phenol to produce a dye known as benzeneazophenol, in a process called coupling.
The reaction of converting primary aromatic amine into diazonium salt is called diazotisation.
In this reaction primary aromatic amine reacts with sodium nitrile and with 2 moles of HCl which is known as Ice cold mixture because the temperature use to be 0.5 °C and Aniline forms benzene diazonium salt as major product and water and sodium chloride.

Other reactions:
Aniline reacts with nitrobenzene to produce phenazine in the Wohl-Aue reaction.
Hydrogenation gives cyclohexylamine.

Being a standard reagent in laboratories, aniline is used for many niche reactions.
Aniline acetate is used in the aniline acetate test for carbohydrates, identifying pentoses by conversion to furfural.
Aniline is used to stain neural RNA blue in the Nissl stain.

Biochem/physiol Actions of Aniline:
The acute toxicity of aniline involves Aniline activation in vivo to 4-hydroxyaniline and the formation of adducts with hemoglobin.
In erythrocytes, this is associated with the release of iron and the accumulation of methemoglobin and the development of hemolytic anemia and inflammation of the spleen.
Tumor formation is often observed in the spleen on prolonged administration.

Physical Properties of Aniline:

The physical properties of Anilines are given below:
Aniline has a boiling of about 184 oC and melting of about -6 o
Aniline is slightly soluble in water and sometimes freely soluble in the chemicals such as alcohol and ether.

Aniline tends to darken when exposed to air and light.
Aniline is said to be weak base and on Aniline reaction with strong acids, Aniline forms anilinium ion -C6H5-NH3+.
Aniline is said to be toxic when Aniline gets inhaled through the air or gets absorbed into the skin as Aniline produces nitrogen oxides which are harmful to the environment.

History of Aniline:
Aniline was first isolated in 1826 by Otto Unverdorben by destructive distillation of indigo.
He called Aniline Crystallin.

In 1834, Friedlieb Runge isolated a substance from coal tar that turned a beautiful blue color when treated with chloride of lime.
He named Aniline kyanol or cyanol.

In 1840, Carl Julius Fritzsche (1808–1871) treated indigo with caustic potash and obtained an oil that he named aniline, after an indigo-yielding plant, anil (Indigofera suffruticosa).
In 1842, Nikolay Nikolaevich Zinin reduced nitrobenzene and obtained a base that he named benzidam.
In 1843, August Wilhelm von Hofmann showed that these were all the same substance, known thereafter as phenylamine or aniline.

Synthetic dye industry:
In 1856, while trying to synthesise quinine, von Hofmann's student William Henry Perkin discovered mauveine and went into industry producing the first commercial synthetic dye.
Other aniline dyes followed, such as fuchsin, safranin, and induline.

At the time of mauveine's discovery, aniline was expensive. Soon thereafter, applying a method reported in 1854 by Antoine Béchamp, Aniline was prepared "by the ton".
The Béchamp reduction enabled the evolution of a massive dye industry in Germany.

Today, the name of BASF, originally Badische Anilin- und Soda-Fabrik (English: Baden Aniline and Soda Factory), now the largest chemical supplier, echoes the legacy of the synthetic dye industry, built via aniline dyes and extended via the related azo dyes.
The first azo dye was aniline yellow.

Developments in medicine:
In the late 19th century, derivatives of aniline such as acetanilide and phenacetin emerged as analgesic drugs, with their cardiac-suppressive side effects often countered with caffeine.
During the first decade of the 20th century, while trying to modify synthetic dyes to treat African sleeping sickness, Paul Ehrlich – who had coined the term chemotherapy for his magic bullet approach to medicine – failed and switched to modifying Béchamp's atoxyl, the first organic arsenical drug, and serendipitously obtained a treatment for syphilis – salvarsan – the first successful chemotherapy agent.
Salvarsan's targeted microorganism, not yet recognized as a bacterium, was still thought to be a parasite, and medical bacteriologists, believing that bacteria were not susceptible to the chemotherapeutic approach, overlooked Alexander Fleming's report in 1928 on the effects of penicillin.

In 1932, Bayer sought medical applications of Aniline dyes.
Gerhard Domagk identified as an antibacterial a red azo dye, introduced in 1935 as the first antibacterial drug, prontosil, soon found at Pasteur Institute to be a prodrug degraded in vivo into sulfanilamide – a colorless intermediate for many, highly colorfast azo dyes – already with an expired patent, synthesized in 1908 in Vienna by the researcher Paul Gelmo for his doctoral research.
By the 1940s, over 500 related sulfa drugs were produced.

Medications in high demand during World War II (1939–45), these first miracle drugs, chemotherapy of wide effectiveness, propelled the American pharmaceutics industry.
In 1939, at Oxford University, seeking an alternative to sulfa drugs, Howard Florey developed Fleming's penicillin into the first systemic antibiotic drug, penicillin G. (Gramicidin, developed by René Dubos at Rockefeller Institute in 1939, was the first antibiotic, yet Aniline toxicity restricted Aniline to topical use.)
After World War II, Cornelius P. Rhoads introduced the chemotherapeutic approach to cancer treatment.

Rocket fuel:
Some early American rockets, such as the Aerobee and WAC Corporal, used a mixture of aniline and furfuryl alcohol as a fuel, with nitric acid as an oxidizer.
The combination is hypergolic, igniting on contact between fuel and oxidizer.

Aniline is also dense, and can be stored for extended periods.
Aniline was later replaced by hydrazine.

Human Metabolite Information of Aniline:

Tissue Locations:
Bladder
Epidermis
Prostate
Spleen

Reactivity Profile of Aniline:
Aniline is a heat sensitive base.
Combines with acids to form salts.

Dissolves alkali metals or alkaline earth metals with evolution of hydrogen.
Incompatible with albumin, solutions of iron, zinc and aluminum, and acids.

Couples readily with phenols and aromatic amines.
Easily acylated and alkylated.

Corrosive to copper and copper alloys.
Aniline can react vigorously with oxidizing materials (including perchloric acid, fuming nitric acid, sodium peroxide and ozone).

Reacts violently with BCl3.
Mixtures with toluene diisocyanate may ignite.

Undergoes explosive reactions with benzenediazonium-2-carboxylate, dibenzoyl peroxide, fluorine nitrate, nitrosyl perchlorate, peroxodisulfuric acid and tetranitromethane.
Ignites on contact with sodium peroxide + water.

Forms heat or shock sensitive explosive mixtures with anilinium chloride (detonates at 464 F/7.6 bar), nitromethane, hydrogen peroxide, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane and peroxomonosulfuric acid.
Reacts with perchloryl fluoride form explosive products.

Handling and Storage of Aniline:

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

Stop leak if you can do Aniline without risk.
Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Safe Storage:
Separated from strong oxidants, strong acids and food and feedstuffs.
Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.
Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Storage Conditions:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

First Aid Measures of Aniline:

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Aniline Exposure:
Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to aniline may be severe and include dyspnea (shortness of breath), respiratory paralysis, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiovascular collapse.
Victims may experience headache, irritability, disorientation, lethargy, weakness, incoordination, dizziness, and drowsiness.

Delerium, shock, convulsions, and coma may also be observed.
Gastrointestinal effects include dryness of throat, nausea, and vomiting.

Painful urination, oliguria (scanty urination), and hematuria (bloody urine) may occur.
Aniline may irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes) is a common finding.

Note:
Victims at special risk include individuals with glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency, those with liver and kidney disorders, blood diseases, or a history of alcoholism.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures:
Acute exposure to aniline may require decontamination and life support for the victims.
Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.

Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.
Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:
Move victims to fresh air.
Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to aniline.

Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
RUSH to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:
Remove victims from exposure.
Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to aniline.

Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water.
Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

RUSH to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:
Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.
If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.

If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.
Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.

Warning:
Ingestion of aniline may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.
Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.

The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended:
Children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).
Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.

If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.
Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.
If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.

Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.
Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.
Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

RUSH to a health care facility.

Fire Fighting of Aniline:
Fight fire from maximum distance.
Dike fire control water for later disposal and do not scatter material.

If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to control vapors.
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus with a full face piece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode and special protective clothing.

Use water spray, dry chemical, foam or carbon dioxide.
Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

Identifiers of Aniline:
CAS Number:
62-53-3
142-04-1 (HCl)

3DMet: B00082
Beilstein Reference: 605631
ChEBI: CHEBI:17296
ChEMBL: ChEMBL538
ChemSpider: 5889
DrugBank: DB06728
ECHA InfoCard: 100.000.491
EC Number: 200-539-3
Gmelin Reference: 2796
KEGG: C00292

PubChem CID:
6115
8870 (HCl)

RTECS number: BW6650000

UNII:
SIR7XX2F1K
576R1193YL (HCl)

UN number: 1547
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID8020090

InChI:
InChI=1S/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2
Key: PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N check
InChI=1/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2
Key: PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYAP

SMILES:
NC1CCCCC1
C1CCC(CC1)N

EC / List no.: 200-539-3
CAS no.: 62-53-3
Mol. formula: C6H7N

CAS number: 62-53-3
EC index number: 612-008-00-7
EC number: 200-539-3
Hill Formula: C₆H₇N
Chemical formula: C₆H₅NH₂
Molar Mass: 93.13 g/mol
HS Code: 2921 41 00

Synonym(s): Aminobenzene, Benzenamine
Linear Formula: C6H5NH2
CAS Number: 62-53-3
Molecular Weight: 93.13
Beilstein: 605631
EC Number: 200-539-3
MDL number: MFCD00007629
eCl@ss: 39030407
PubChem Substance ID: 24854547
NACRES: NA.21

Properties of Aniline:
Chemical formula: C6H7N
Molar mass: 93.129 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Density: 1.0297 g/mL
Melting point: −6.30 °C (20.66 °F; 266.85 K)
Boiling point: 184.13 °C (363.43 °F; 457.28 K)
Solubility in water: 3.6 g/100 mL at 20 °C
Vapor pressure: 0.6 mmHg (20° C)
Acidity (pKa):
4.63 (conjugate acid; H2O)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −62.95·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.58364
Viscosity: 3.71 cP (3.71 mPa·s at 25 °C)

Boiling point: 184 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 1.021 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Explosion limit: 1.2 - 11 %(V)
Flash point: 70 °C
Ignition temperature: 540 °C
Melting Point: -6 °C
pH value: 8.8 (36 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: 0.49 hPa (20 °C)
Solubility: 36 g/l

Grade: ACS reagent
Quality Level: 200
Vapor density: 3.22 (185 °C, vs air)
Vapor pressure: 0.7 mmHg ( 25 °C)
Assay: ≥99.5%
Form: liquid
Autoignition temp.: 1139 °F
Expl. lim.: 11 %

Impurities:
Hydrocarbons, passes test
Nitrobenzene, passes test (lim. ~0.001%)
≤0.01% chlorobenzene

Ign. residue: ≤0.005%
Refractive index: n20/D 1.586 (lit.)
bp: 184 °C (lit.)
mp: −6 °C (lit.)
Solubility: water: soluble
Density: 1.022 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: Nc1ccccc1
InChI: 1S/C6H7N/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,7H2
InChI key: PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Weight: 93.13
XLogP3: 0.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 93.057849228
Monoisotopic Mass: 93.057849228
Topological Polar Surface Area: 26 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Complexity: 46.1
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Specifications of Aniline:
Assay (GC, area%): ≥ 99.0 % (a/a)
Density (d 20 °C/ 4 °C): 1.020 - 1.022
Identity (IR): passes test

Appearance: Clear yellow to reddish brown color liquid
Purity (by GC): Min 99.5%
Weight/ mL at 20°C: 1.021-1.023 g
Water (H2O): Max 0.2%
Residue after Ignition: Max 0.005%
Hydrocarbons: Passes test
Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2): Max 0.003%
Copper (Cu): Max 0.00005%
Iron (Fe): Max 0.0001%
Lead (Pb): Max 0.0001%

Thermochemistry of Aniline:
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298): −3394 kJ/mol

Names of Aniline:

Preferred IUPAC name:
Aniline

Systematic IUPAC name:
Benzenamine

Other names:
Phenylamine
Aminobenzene
Benzamine
Indigo shrub molecule

Synonyms of Aniline:
ANILINE
Benzenamine
62-53-3
Phenylamine
Aminobenzene
Aminophen
Arylamine
Kyanol
Anilin
Cyanol
Benzeneamine
Benzidam
Krystallin
Anyvim
Anilina
C.I. Oxidation Base 1
Huile D'aniline
Rcra waste number U012
C.I. 76000
Aniline reagent
NCI-C03736
UN 1547
CHEBI:17296
MFCD00007629
SIR7XX2F1K
Benzene, amino
Anilin [Czech]
CI Oxidation Base 1
Caswell No. 051C
Huile d'aniline [French]
HSDB 43
Phenyleneamine
Anilinum
D'aniline
RCRA waste no. U012
Anilina [Italian, Polish]
CCRIS 44
Aniline and homologs
Aniline and homologues
EINECS 200-539-3
UNII-SIR7XX2F1K
UN1547
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 251400
benzenaminium
cyanole
CI 76000
BIDD:ER0581
phenyl amine
phenyl-amine
AI3-03053
8-aniline
Benzene, amino-
Fentanyl impurity F
2-bromobenzylchloride
Aniline-[13C]
PhNH2
ANILINUM [HPUS]
ANILINE [HSDB]
ANILINE [IARC]
ANILINE [INCI]
ANILINE [MI]
ANILINE [MART.]
ANILINE [USP-RS]
ANILINE [WHO-DD]
CHEMBL538
Epitope ID:117704
EC 200-539-3
Aniline, analytical standard
Aniline, AR, >=99%
Aniline, LR, >=99%
C6H5NH2
Discontinued, see H924510
ANILINE [USP IMPURITY]
DTXSID8020090
BDBM92572
Trimethoprim specified impurity K
Aniline, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
BENZENE,AMINO (ANILINE)
Aniline [UN1547] [Poison]
AMY11081
STR00216
Aniline, ACS reagent, >=99.5%
Tox21_200345
Aniline 10 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
STK301792
ZINC17886255
AKOS000268796
Aniline 100 microg/mL in Cyclohexane
DB06728
Aniline, ASTM, ACS reagent, 99.5%
Aniline, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
CAS-62-53-3
Aniline, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Aniline, p.a., ACS reagent, 99.0%
NCGC00091297-01
NCGC00091297-02
NCGC00091297-03
NCGC00257899-01
BP-12047
FENTANYL IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY]
Aniline, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
DB-013441
MESALAZINE IMPURITY K [EP IMPURITY]
A0463
FT-0622394
FT-0662220
FT-0696319
TRIMETHOPRIM IMPURITY K [EP IMPURITY]
EN300-33390
C00292
A833829
AMINOBENZOIC ACID IMPURITY C [EP IMPURITY]
Q186414
SR-01000944923
J-519591
SR-01000944923-1
Q27121173
F2190-0417
Aniline, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
136260-71-4
1-Aminobenzene
224-015-9 [EINECS]
2348-49-4 [RN]
238-580-4 [EINECS]
4-12-00-00223 [Beilstein]
605631 [Beilstein]
62-53-3 [RN]
Aminobenzene [Wiki]
Anilin [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Anilina [Polish]
Aniline [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
Aniline [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Benzenamine [ACD/Index Name]
Huile d'aniline [French]
Phenylamidogen
phenylamine
1122-59-4 [RN]
146997-94-6 [RN]
17843-02-6 [RN]
1927175 [Beilstein]
200-539-3MFCD00007629
37342-16-8 [RN]
4-Aminophenyl [ACD/IUPAC Name]
53894-37-4 [RN]
59000-01-0 [RN]
7022-92-6 [RN]
908847-42-7 [RN]
925916-73-0 [RN]
Aminobenzene, Phenylamine, Benzenamine
AMINOPHEN
Anilina
Aniline-d5
ANL
Anyvim
Benzen-d5-amine
Benzene, amino-
Benzidam
Cyanol
Huile D'aniline
Krystallin
kyanol
phenylamino
Phenyleneamine
STR00216
ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE
DESCRIPTION:
Anionic polyacrylamide is the copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid.
No studies on the environmental fate of polyacrylamide are available.
As a high-molecular weight, water-soluble polymer, Anionic polyacrylamide is not expected to biodegrade or bioaccumulate.
Anionic polyacrylamide has a low acute toxicity concern to aquatic organisms.


CAS NO: 9003-05-8


Anionic polyacrylamide is the generic name for a group of very high molecular weight macromolecules produced by the free-radical polymerization of acrylamide and an anionically charged comonomer, mainly the sodium salt of acrylic acid, sodium acrylate.
The combination of molecular weight and ionic charge results in extremely viscous aqueous solutions, one of the main properties of these polymers.
Both the charge density (ionicity), and the molecular weight can be varied.
By varying the acrylamide/anionic monomer ratio, a charge density from 0 to 100% along the polymer chain can be obtained.

The molecular weight is determined by the type and concentration of the reaction initiator and the reaction parameters.
Anionic polyacrylamide has no systemic toxicity to aquatic organisms or micro-organisms.
The polymer is much too large to be absorbed into tissues and cells.

The functional anionic groups do not interfere with the functioning of fish gills or daphnia respirators.
Any adverse effects observed in laboratory tests are always seen at concentrations of over 100 mg/L and are probably due to the resulting viscosity of the test medium.
The preparation of the test solutions at such concentrations requires high-energy stirring for long periods of time, sometimes several hours.
Therfore, it can be concluded that these harmful concentrations will not exist in the natural environment.

The test data given on page 4 of this document was obtained using a highly charged anionic polyacrylamide.
Low charge density polymers demonstrate even lower toxicity to aquatic and micro-organisms.
The results of assays on low anionic polyacrylamides is determined mainly by the viscosity of the test solution.

Anionic polyacrylamide has no potential to bioaccumulate, being completely soluble in water (solubility is only limited by viscosity) and insoluble in octanol.
Additionally, being a flocculent, it adsorbs onto suspended matter and, in this way, is removed from the water phase.

The sensitivity of polyacrylamide to ultra-violet light is well known and has been described in the scientific literature.
Photolysis leads to the degradation of the polymer chain and the formation of much smaller molecules, or oligomers, which are accessible to microbial attack.
A recent study financed by SNF-Floerger, has demonstrated that photolysis followed by aerobic or anaerobic treatment resulted in efficient mineralization of the polymer.

This study provides evidence that acrylamide polymers have the potential to be naturally broken down and biodegraded and do not persist or accumulate in the environment.
Two recently conducted, major environmental risk assessments concluded that anionic polyacrylamide does not represent a danger to the environment.

STOWA, the Netherlands Waste-Water Authority calculated a PEC/NEC ratio much lower than 1 for organic polyelectrolytes in general and concluded that their use in waste-water treatment does not constitute a risk to the natural environment.
Another review of polyelectrolytes by Environment Agency of the United Kingdom concluded that anionic polyacrylmide, like the other organic polyelectrolytes, is not a priority for the setting of environmental quality standards (EQS) and of little environmental concern.




Anionic polyacrylamide polymers can exist in cationic, anionic or non-ionic forms, depending on their ionic charge.
The non-ionic form of polyacrylamide is generated from the basic polymerisation of acrylamide.


Anionic polyacrylamide polymer can then be formed from the hydrolysis of the acrylamide homopolymer either simultaneously during the polymerisation process or as a subsequent step
Anionic polyacrylamide polymer can also be formed from the copolymerisation of acrylamide and acrylic acid

Anionic polyacrylamide is an associative polymer used as the gellant in the fracturing system.
The addition of Anionic polyacrylamide to water creates a slightly viscoelastic base gel.
The viscoelastic properties of Anionic polyacrylamide can be enhanced by the addition of a surfactant activator.

The hydration of Anionic polyacrylamide in fresh water is minimally affected by pH (range 4-10) and water temperature 10°C-30°C (50°F-86°F).
Anionic polyacrylamide is typically added in a range of 2.4-4.8 kg/m3 (20-40 ppt) depending on job parameters.



ADVANTAGES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE:
Anionic polyacrylamide is Cost effective alternative to other gellants.
Anionic polyacrylamide Creates viscous gel that display enhanced elastic properties.
Hydration rate not significantly affected by temperature or pH.

Viscosity can be enhanced with the addition of an activator.
The broken polymer leaves no insoluble residue, results show excellent regain conductivity.
Anionic polyacrylamide has Excellent proppant suspension as a base gel compared to other linear gels.



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE:
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product






CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE:
Product Name: anionic polyacrylamide
Chemical Formula: C3H5NO
Cas No.:9003-5-8
Appearance: white particles
Solid Content ≥89 %
Molecular Weight: 5-20 million
Chemical name : 2-propenoic acid, sodium salt polymer with 2-propenamide
Other names : Copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid, sodium salt
Acrylamide, sodium acrylate copolymer
Molecular weight : . . . . greater than 1,000,000 daltons, usually greater than 5,000,000
Solubility : totally miscible in water, insoluble in n-octanol and other solvents
pH: 6 to 8 in solution at 5g/L
Apparent density : ~ 1.08
Melting point : > 150°C
Log Pow : 0
State solid
Appearance Off-white free flowing powder
Odour odourless
Specific Gravity 1.1
Density 1100kg/m3
(9.2lbs/gal)
Ionic Character anionic
pH 5-7 (2% in water)
Solubility Completely soluble in water













ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is a type of water-soluble polymer formed by the polymerization of acrylamide monomers.
Anionic polyacrylamide belongs to the class of polyacrylamides, which are widely used in various industrial and environmental applications.
The term "anionic" indicates that the polymer carries a negative charge on its molecular structure.

CAS Number: 9003-05-8
EC Number: 618-350-3

Poly(acrylamide) sodium salt, Anionic PAM, APAM, Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide), Poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid sodium salt), Sodium polyacrylate, Poly(acrylate sodium), Acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer sodium salt, Polyelectrolyte, Water-soluble polymer, Flocculant, Water treatment polymer, Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer sodium salt, PAM, Sodium poly(acrylate-co-acrylamide), APAM, Poly(acrylic acid sodium acrylamide), Acrylic acid sodium salt-acrylamide copolymer, Acrylic acid sodium salt-acrylamide polymer, Anionic polyacrylic acid, Sodium polyacrylamide, Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium salt copolymer, Sodium acrylamide copolymer, Anionic poly(acrylate-acrylamide), Acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer, Anionic polyacrylamide flocculant, Acrylic acid-acrylamide sodium salt polymer, Sodium poly(acrylate-co-acrylic acid), Acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer sodium salt, Water purification polymer, Acrylic acid sodium salt-acrylamide sodium salt copolymer, Anionic poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide), Poly(acrylate-co-acrylic acid sodium salt), Sodium acrylate-acrylamide copolymer, Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium salt polymer, Sodium acrylate-acrylamide polymer, Anionic poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid), Sodium poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide), Acrylic acid-acrylamide sodium salt copolymer, Acrylic acid-acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer, Sodium poly(acrylate-acrylamide), Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium acrylate copolymer, Sodium poly(acrylate-acrylamide), Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium acrylate polymer, Anionic poly(acrylic acid sodium acrylamide), Poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide sodium salt), Sodium poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide), Acrylic acid sodium salt-acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer, Acrylic acid sodium acrylate polymer, Sodium poly(acrylic acid sodium acrylamide), Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium acrylate polymer, Anionic poly(acrylic acid sodium acrylamide), Poly(acrylic acid sodium acrylamide), Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium acrylate copolymer, Sodium acrylate-acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer, Anionic poly(acrylate-acrylamide sodium salt), Acrylic acid sodium acrylate polymer, Sodium poly(acrylate-acrylamide sodium salt), Acrylamide-acrylic acid sodium acrylate sodium salt copolymer



APPLICATIONS


In water treatment plants, anionic polyacrylamide is widely used as a flocculant to improve the settling of suspended particles and enhance water clarity.
Anionic polyacrylamide plays a crucial role in wastewater treatment processes, aiding in the removal of pollutants, organic matter, and other impurities.

Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the oil and gas industry for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes, increasing oil extraction efficiency from reservoirs.
Anionic polyacrylamide finds application in agriculture for soil stabilization, preventing erosion, and improving water retention in soil.
Anionic polyacrylamide is a key component in drilling fluids used in oil and gas exploration, contributing to viscosity and fluid stability.
In the papermaking industry, Anionic polyacrylamide is employed to improve drainage and retention during the paper production process.

Used in the textile industry, it acts as a sizing agent, enhancing the strength and quality of fabrics.
Anionic polyacrylamide is crucial in mineral processing, aiding in solid-liquid separation and tailings management in mining operations.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the production of gel electrophoresis gels, enabling the separation of biomolecules in molecular biology laboratories.

Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in gel-like materials for controlled release applications in agriculture, ensuring optimal nutrient delivery to plants.
In the cosmetics industry, anionic polyacrylamide is used in certain formulations for stability and texture enhancement.

Anionic polyacrylamide serves as a flocculant in metal finishing processes, aiding in the removal of suspended particles and achieving desired surface finishes.
Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the construction industry by stabilizing excavation and trenching areas.
In the production of drinking water, it is applied to improve water quality by facilitating the removal of impurities.

Anionic polyacrylamide finds application in certain specialized adhesives and coatings, contributing to their adhesive and protective properties in industrial settings.
Anionic polyacrylamide is employed in water-based paints and coatings, ensuring stability and uniform application.
Anionic polyacrylamide is used in gel-like formulations for water-based drilling fluids, aiding in lubrication and suspension of drilling cuttings during oil and gas exploration.

In gel electrophoresis applications, the polymer enables the separation of DNA, RNA, and proteins based on their size and charge.
Anionic polyacrylamide is integral to the production of certain pharmaceuticals, contributing to controlled-release drug delivery systems.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the creation of flocculant pads for water and wastewater treatment, simplifying the removal of suspended particles.

Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the manufacturing of certain adhesives for the paper and packaging industry, ensuring strong and reliable bonds.
In the sugar industry, the polymer aids in the clarification of sugarcane juice during the refining process.
Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the efficiency of water-based fire-retardant formulations, ensuring uniform application and fire protection.

Anionic polyacrylamide is employed in the production of certain biodegradable water retention materials, useful in agriculture and landscaping.
In the creation of gel-like materials for environmental applications, the polymer assists in soil stabilization, erosion control, and pollutant remediation.

Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the manufacturing of wastewater treatment polymers, contributing to the efficient removal of pollutants and contaminants.
In the mining industry, the polymer aids in the separation of minerals from ore through the process of flocculation and sedimentation.

Anionic polyacrylamide is employed in the production of sludge dewatering agents, enhancing the dehydration of sludge in sewage treatment plants.
Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the creation of water-soluble polymers for soil erosion control, preventing soil loss in construction and landscaping.
In the petroleum industry, anionic polyacrylamide is added to drilling muds to improve rheological properties and reduce friction.

Anionic polyacrylamide plays a role in the formulation of water-based paints, improving pigment dispersion and stability during application.
Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the development of controlled-release fertilizer formulations, ensuring a gradual and sustained release of nutrients in agriculture.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the treatment of industrial effluents, assisting in the removal of suspended solids and pollutants.

Anionic polyacrylamide finds use in the creation of gel-like materials for environmental remediation, aiding in the stabilization of contaminated sites.
Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the production of specialized adhesives for the binding of porous and non-porous surfaces, providing strong and durable bonds.
In the food industry, anionic polyacrylamide is employed in certain food processing applications, such as clarification and thickening.

Anionic polyacrylamide plays a role in the development of controlled-release herbicides, ensuring targeted and prolonged weed control in agriculture.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the production of soil conditioning agents, improving soil structure and fertility.
Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the formulation of certain water-based hydraulic fluids, providing lubrication and viscosity control.

Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the creation of gel-like materials for controlled drug release in pharmaceutical formulations, enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
In the creation of gel electrophoresis buffers, anionic polyacrylamide helps in the separation and analysis of biomolecules.
Anionic polyacrylamide is added to certain cosmetic formulations, contributing to the stability and texture of products like creams and lotions.

Anionic polyacrylamide aids in the formulation of water-based drilling muds in geotechnical engineering, providing stability during drilling operations.
Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the production of sizing agents for the paper industry, improving paper strength and printability.

Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the formulation of flocculants for the treatment of industrial process water, ensuring efficient solid-liquid separation.
Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the creation of gel-like materials for controlled-release pesticides, enhancing pest control in agriculture.
In the creation of water-based ink formulations, the polymer aids in pigment dispersion and print quality.
Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the production of gel-like materials for controlled-release water treatment chemicals, improving treatment efficiency.

Anionic polyacrylamide plays a role in the formulation of gel-like materials for controlled-release fragrance applications, ensuring a sustained release over time.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the production of gel-like materials for controlled-release seed coatings, enhancing seed germination and crop yield.


In the textile industry, anionic polyacrylamide is utilized as a dye fixing agent, improving color fastness in fabrics.
Anionic polyacrylamide finds use in soil erosion control mats, stabilizing slopes and preventing soil displacement in landscaping projects.
In the construction of tunnels and excavations, anionic polyacrylamide is applied to improve the stability of the surrounding soil.

Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the development of water-based grout formulations, enhancing their viscosity and preventing segregation.
Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the production of gel-like materials for controlled-release corrosion inhibitors, protecting metal surfaces in various industries.
In the creation of water-absorbent gel products, the polymer is employed for diapers, agriculture, and other absorbent applications.

Anionic polyacrylamide plays a role in the creation of gel-like materials for controlled-release soil amendments, improving nutrient availability to plants.
In the manufacturing of gel-based firefighting products, anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the creation of effective fire retardants.

Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the formulation of gel-like materials for controlled-release pond and lake treatments, addressing issues like algae control.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the production of gel-like materials for controlled-release oxygen scavengers, preventing corrosion in closed systems.
In the treatment of stormwater runoff, the polymer aids in the removal of sediments and pollutants, improving water quality.

Anionic polyacrylamide plays a role in the development of controlled-release lubricant formulations, ensuring prolonged and efficient lubrication in various applications.
Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the creation of gel-like materials for controlled-release biocides, addressing microbial growth in water systems.
In the formulation of gel-based horticultural products, the polymer contributes to soil conditioning and water retention.

Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the creation of gel-like materials for controlled-release turf management products, promoting healthier and more resilient grass.
Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the formulation of water-based drilling lubricants, improving lubricity and reducing friction during drilling operations.

Anionic polyacrylamide finds application in the production of controlled-release concrete additives, enhancing the workability and strength of concrete.
In the oil sands industry, anionic polyacrylamide is employed in tailings treatment, aiding in the separation and settling of fine particles.

Anionic polyacrylamide plays a role in the formulation of gel-like materials for controlled-release soil sealants, preventing water leakage in construction projects.
Anionic polyacrylamide is used in the creation of water treatment polymers for swimming pool maintenance, ensuring water clarity and hygiene.
In the formulation of gel-based animal care products, the polymer contributes to wound healing and skin conditioning.

Anionic polyacrylamide is utilized in the development of controlled-release fertilizers for hydroponic systems, providing essential nutrients to plants.
Anionic polyacrylamide is applied in the formulation of gel-like materials for controlled-release concrete retarders, slowing down the setting time.

Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the production of gel-like materials for controlled-release antiscalants in water treatment, preventing scale formation in pipelines.
In the creation of gel-based pharmaceutical formulations, the polymer is used for controlled-release drug delivery systems, improving patient compliance.



DESCRIPTION


Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is a type of water-soluble polymer formed by the polymerization of acrylamide monomers.
Anionic polyacrylamide belongs to the class of polyacrylamides, which are widely used in various industrial and environmental applications.
The term "anionic" indicates that the polymer carries a negative charge on its molecular structure.

Anionic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble polymer with a molecular structure derived from the polymerization of acrylamide monomers, carrying a negative charge on its chain.
Anionic polyacrylamide serves as a versatile flocculant, aiding in the aggregation of suspended particles in water treatment processes.

Anionic polyacrylamide is highly effective in enhancing solid-liquid separation, making it a key component in wastewater treatment.
Anionic polyacrylamide is known for its exceptional water-absorbing capabilities, contributing to its applications in various industries.
Used as a polyelectrolyte, it interacts with charged particles, facilitating processes like sludge dewatering and clarification.
Its anionic nature makes it compatible with positively charged ions, allowing for efficient binding and removal of impurities from aqueous solutions.

Anionic polyacrylamide is commonly employed in the oil and gas industry for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes to improve oil extraction efficiency.
In agriculture, it finds application in soil stabilization, aiding in erosion control and improving soil structure.
Anionic polyacrylamide is recognized for its role in promoting the settling of suspended particles in water, contributing to cleaner and clearer water.

Anionic polyacrylamide is a crucial component in various industrial processes, where effective flocculation and separation are essential for product quality.
Used in the papermaking industry, it improves drainage and retention during the paper production process.

Anionic polyacrylamide contributes to the efficiency of water-based drilling fluids in the oil and gas exploration sector.
In textile manufacturing, it acts as a sizing agent, contributing to the quality and strength of fabrics.
Anionic polyacrylamide plays a vital role in wastewater treatment plants, aiding in the removal of pollutants and contaminants.
Its water-absorbing properties make it valuable in agriculture for water retention in soil, particularly in arid regions.
Applied in mining operations, the polymer assists in solid-liquid separation processes, improving tailings management.

Anionic polyacrylamide's flocculation capabilities extend to various industrial applications, including metal finishing and electroplating.
In the production of gel electrophoresis, anionic polyacrylamide is utilized for the separation of biomolecules.

Anionic polyacrylamide is a key component in certain cosmetics formulations, contributing to the stability and texture of the products.
Anionic polyacrylamide is employed in the creation of gel-like materials for controlled release applications in agriculture and horticulture.
Used in the treatment of drinking water, Anionic polyacrylamide aids in the removal of suspended particles and organic matter.
In the construction industry, the polymer contributes to the stabilization of excavation and trenching areas.

Its anionic charge allows it to bind effectively with certain metal ions, making it useful in heavy metal removal processes.
Anionic polyacrylamide is employed in the production of certain specialized adhesives and coatings for industrial applications.
Anionic polyacrylamide is a vital component in water-based paints and coatings, contributing to their stability and application properties.



PROPERTIES


Melting point: >300 °C
Density 1.189 g/mL at 25 °C
Refractive index: n20/D 1.452
Flash point: >230 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: Water
Form: Granules
Color: White to faintly yellow
Odor: odorless
Water Solubility: Soluble



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air.
If respiratory irritation or difficulty breathing persists, seek immediate medical attention.
Administer artificial respiration if the person is not breathing.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected skin area thoroughly with soap and water.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions occur.


Eye Contact:

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or other adverse reactions persist.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Seek medical attention immediately.


General First Aid:

In case of any adverse health effects or uncertainty, seek prompt medical attention.
Provide medical personnel with information on the product, including its composition and safety data sheet.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety glasses, gloves, and suitable clothing.
Use respiratory protection if airborne concentrations exceed recommended exposure limits.

Engineering Controls:
Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to maintain airborne concentrations below occupational exposure limits.
Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where the product is handled or processed.

Avoidance of Contact:
Minimize direct skin and eye contact with the product.
Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors; use appropriate measures such as local exhaust or personal respiratory protection if needed.

Hygiene Practices:
Wash hands thoroughly after handling the product.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where the product is used.

Spill and Leak Response:
Clean up spills promptly using appropriate absorbent materials.
Avoid creating dust during cleanup; use wet methods or vacuum with HEPA filters.
Dispose of contaminated materials in accordance with local regulations.

Storage Compatibility:
Store anionic polyacrylamide away from incompatible materials, such as strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing agents.
Ensure compatibility with storage containers to prevent contamination or degradation of the product.

Temperature and Humidity:
Store the product in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Follow recommended temperature storage conditions provided by the manufacturer.


Storage:

Container Integrity:
Ensure storage containers are in good condition, with no leaks or damage that could compromise the integrity of the product.
Use containers made of materials compatible with anionic polyacrylamide.

Segregation:
Store anionic polyacrylamide away from incompatible materials to prevent reactions or contamination.

Labeling:
Clearly label storage containers with product information, hazard symbols, and appropriate warnings.
Maintain accurate records of storage locations and quantities.

Fire Prevention:
Keep the product away from open flames, sparks, or potential ignition sources.
Store in a designated area with appropriate fire prevention measures.

Accessibility:
Store the product in areas accessible only to trained and authorized personnel.
Prevent access by unauthorized individuals, especially children.

Security:
Implement security measures to prevent theft or unauthorized access to the stored product.

Emergency Response:
Have appropriate emergency response measures in place, including spill response kits, eyewash stations, and emergency shower facilities.
ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM)
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is an important water-soluble macromolecule polymer.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is copolymerized by acrylamide and acrylic acid.


CAS Number: 9003-05-8
EC Number: 201-173-7
Molecular Formula: CONH2[CH2-CH]n



Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM), White Granular is a water-soluble high polymer solid powder.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)’s not soluble in most organic solvent, with good flocculating activity.
Anionic Flocculants are also provide in a range of molecular weights, also have different degree of charge(ionicity) & degree of hydrolysis.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) should be diluted to the concentration of 0.1%(based on solid content).
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is better to use neutral or desalted water.
When making up solution, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) should be scattered evenly in the stirring water, usually the temperature is between 50-60℃.


The most economical dosage of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is based on the trial.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylate.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a water-soluble linear polymer flocculant.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)is a water- soluble high polymer.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)’s not soluble in most organic solvents, with good flocculating activity, and can reduce the friction resistance between liquid.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a synthetic polymer widely used in wastewater treatment processes.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is specifically designed to aid in the removal of suspended solids, organic matter, and other pollutants from wastewater, enabling cleaner and safer water discharge.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is an important flocculant and coagulant aid in the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)'s main function is to promote solid-liquid separation by aggregating fine particles into larger flocs, which can then be easily separated from the water.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a synthetic chemical that can be tailored to fit a broad range of applications.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a solid powder water-soluble polymer with varying molecular weight and charge density.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has obvious effects to accelerate the clarification of solution and promote the effect of filtration.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) appears as a white powder with molecular weight ranging from 6 million to 25 million.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) water solubility, can be dissolved in any proportion in water and insoluble in organic solvents.
The effective PH range of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is 4 to 14.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a highly polymer electrolyte in neutral alkaline media and is sensitive to saline electrolytes and can cross-link with high-priced metal ions to form insoluble colloids.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is formed from acrylamide subunits.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be synthesized as a simple linear-chain structure or cross-linked.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a water-soluble linear macromolecule flocculant formed by the copolymerization of acrylamide and acrylate.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) promotes the flocculation of particles by neutralizing the charge of suspended particles, thus destabilizing the particles in water.


The destabilized particles adsorb each other under the bridge action of the active gene of macromolecule polymers.
Finally, larger flocs are formed.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a polyacrylamide with electronegativity, and its functional group is sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and carboxylic acid.


In the process of wastewater treatment, flocculation is regarded as an important purification technology.
Compared with other purification technologies, it has outstanding advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, and simple operation.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is moisture absorbent, thus protecting from damp and moist for conservation.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) should be stored in a dry and ventilate storehouse, and not be exposed to air and sunshine.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has excellent for use in wastewater and effluent treatment applications.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Ieal for mechanical dewatering gravity settling, as a coagulant aid, water clarification, filtration, and phosphate removal.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used an aid in Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) units.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) reduces need for inorganic salts.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) achieves high solids removal.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is economical to use.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a flocculant in domestic treatment and wastewater treatment.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a purifier in paper production.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Sewage treatment, textile industry, petroleum exploration, mineral extraction, paper industry, food industry, etc.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is widely used in many industries, and its functions are different, but they can all play a role.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Waste water flocculation and settling.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Sludge dewatering and filtering, Thickener, Construction mud treatment, Oil industry, and River dredging.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Minerals selection and sewage disposal, Sand washing and sludge dewatering
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is the collective name of acrylamide homopolymer or polymer copolymerized with other monomers .


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is one of the most widely used varieties of water-soluble polymers .
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a water-soluble linear high-molecular-weight polymer, often used as a flocculant.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is characterized by its anionic (negatively charged) nature, making it particularly effective in applications where the removal of negatively charged particles or the flocculation of suspended solids is required.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is its negative charge, which makes it highly effective in a wide range of applications.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is highly water-soluble, which means that it can be easily dissolved in water and other aqueous solutions.
This makes Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) easy to use in various applications, such as in the treatment of wastewater.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is compatible with a wide range of other chemicals and materials.
This makes Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) a versatile product that can be used in a variety of industrial and environmental applications.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a versatile polymer that has a wide range of uses in various industries.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Fluorescent penetrant inspection Wastewater, Industrial & Municipal Wastewater, Paper Making Wastewater, Textile & Dyeing Wastewater,
Tannery & Leather Wastewater, Pharmaceutical Wastewater, Friction Reducer, Drilling Fluid, Coal Washing & Mining Wastewater, Wine & Brewery Wastewater, Oily Wastewater, Meat Processing Wastewater, and Drinking Water Treatment.


Anionic polyacrylamide Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) products were produced by adopting the unique process of “Pneumatic drying”, the granularity can be controlled between 80-140 mesh, it has the unique features of slimsy granule, rapid solution, high viscosity, slow degradation, and excellent flocculation effect.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Bamboo sticks incense, mosquito coil, etc. viscosity can be released under the condition of dry mixing.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a kneading agent when used with coal ash and Metal ash.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Piling, drilling, washing, and related special fields.


Other applications of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) that request slimy granules and momentary viscosity.
Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) series products are water –soluble linear polymers synthesized under high degree polymerization, easily soluble in water , mainly used in water clarification and purification treatment.


Due to its molecular chain contains a certain amount of negative gene, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can through the adsorption of solid particles suspended in water, make the bridge between particles or by charge neutralization particles condensed to form large flocculate, so it can accelerate particle in the slurry settlement also, there is a very significant effect to speed up the solution to clarify, promote the filter and so on .


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used for flocculation and sedimentation in wastewater treatment of industrial ,municipal and production enterprises.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is mainly used for flocculation and sedimentation of various industrial waste waters, such as waste wate from riron and steel plant , waste water from electroplating plant , metallurgical wastewater, coal washing waste water and other sewage treatment, sludge dewatering, etc.


The principle of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) water treatment: Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) molecular chain contains a certain number of polar groups, which can adsorb the solid particles suspended in the water and make them adsorb each other under the bridging effect of the polymer active gene, and finally form larger flocs, so that the suspended matter settles or floats, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying water.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used for drinking water clarification and purification.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a water-soluble high molecular polymer.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is mainly used for flocculation, sedimentation, and clarification treatment of various industrial wastewater, such as wastewater from iron and steel plants, wastewater from electroplating plants, metallurgical wastewater, and coal washing wastewater.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used mud dehydration, etc.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used for drinking water clarification and purification treatment.
Because its molecular chain contains a certain number of polar groups, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can absorb solid particles suspended in water to bridge between particles or through charge neutralization to make particles agglomerate to form large flocs, so it can accelerate particles in suspension.


The sedimentation has a very obvious effect of speeding up the clarification of the solution and promoting filtration.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) as a flocculating agent, mainly used in industrial solid-liquid separation process, including settlement, clarifying, concentrate and sludge dewatering processes.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used apply with all the major industrial wastewater treatments, such as urban sewage treatment, petroleum, mineral separation, coal washing, metallurgy, chemical industry, paper-making, textile, sugar making, medicine, environment protection, building material and agriculture.


In the paper making industry, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as dry strength agents, retention agent, and filter aid.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can greatly improved as paper quality, enhance the physical strength of paper and reduce the loss of fiber, and Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used in the treatment of whitening water at the same time, in the deinking process can play a significant flocculation.


In the mining, coal mining industry, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as a coal washing waste water clarifier.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used in dyeing wastewater, leather wastewater and oil wastewater treatments, for the removal of turbidity, decolorization, to achieve the emission standards.


Anionic polyacrylamide is a water-soluble polymer. Mainly used for all kinds of industrial wastewater flocculation sedimentation, precipitation clarification treatment, such as iron and steel plant wastewater, electroplating plant wastewater, metallurgical wastewater, coal washing wastewater and other sewage treatment, sludge dewatering, etc.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as flocculating agent in the tap water in the river water treatment plant.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in drinking water treatment
Anionic polyacrylamide is used for industrial wastewater treatment


For suspended particles, higher concentration, particles with positive charge, PH value of water neutral or alkaline sewage, iron and steel plant wastewater, electroplating plant wastewater, metallurgical wastewater, coal washing wastewater and other sewage treatment, the effect is better.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is mainly used as coagulants for various industrial wastewater treatment.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is widely used in various fields.
According to the unique characteristics of production process and advanced equipment, it is mainly used for steel plant wastewater, electroplating plant wastewater, metallurgical wastewater, coal washing wastewater,sludge dewatering, etc.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used to clarify and purify drinking water.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used municipal sewage, chemical sewage, sand washing and mineral processing, coal washing, paper making, perfume making, printing and dyeing, oil field piling and other fields have unique product advantages.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has fast flocculation and sedimentation speed, low water content of mud, and greatly saves the cost and efficiency of sewage treatment.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is most often used to increase the viscosity of water (creating a thicker solution) or to encourage the flocculation of particles present in water and allow rapid settlement of finely suspended solids.


Raw Water Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Flocculation & Clarification and Sludge Dewatering
Industrial Waste Water Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Primary clarification, Secondary & Tertiary treatment, Sludge thickening & dewatering, and Dissolved air floatation.


Sewage Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Primary Treatment and Sludge Thickening & Dewatering.
Petroleum and Gas Field uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Drilling fluids, EOR, Fluid loss control, lubrication, shale Stabilization.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a commonly used flocculation precipitant for industrial sewage treatment.
As a common and widely used flocculant, anionic PAM has a wide range of applications in wastewater treatment due to excellent solid-water separation performance.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used to treat industrial wastewater and mining wastewater.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used as an additive of the mud materials in oil-field, geological drilling and well boring.
In oil exploitation: Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is mainly used for drilling mud as well as Enhanced Oil Recovery, etc., which is widely used in drilling, completion, cementing, fracturing, enhanced oil recovery and other mining operations in the oil field.


Flocculant uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): The polarity gene adsorbs the solid particles dispersed in water, bridges between the particles and formats the large aggregates, sedimentation and separates of water, flocculates detritus and clay in drilling fluid.
Dispersant In the drilling mud treatment, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the lubricity and stability of the mud to reduce the water loss, prevent sticking effectively, increase drilling efficiency.


Lubricant: Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be absorbed on the surface of metal or clay particles to form liquid film to change friction on the solid surface into liquid frication, thereby lubricating drill bits and drills, lowering the mud cake frication coefficient, and reducing underground accidents.
Shale Inhibition uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Agent The multi-point adsorption of polymer formats to the criss-cross membrane macromolecules, plays a role of enhancing the stability of borehole.


Construction Industry uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): In the construction sector, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used for soil solidification and foundation pit engineering to improve soil stability.
Other field uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Sugar Industry, Breeding industry etc.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a kind of multifunctional oilfield chemical treatment agent, which is widely used in drilling, cementing, well completion, workover, fracturing, acidification, water injection, water shutoff profile control and tertiary oil recovery, especially in drilling, water shutoff profile control and tertiary oil recovery.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has high viscosity, good thickening, flocculation and rheological regulation, and is used as oil displacement agent and drilling mud regulator in oil exploitation.
In the middle and later period of oil exploitation, polymer flooding and asp flooding technology are mainly promoted in China to improve oil recovery.


By injecting Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM), the ratio of oil to water velocity was improved and the content of crude oil in the produced product was increased.
The addition of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) to eor can increase the oil displacement capacity, avoid the breakdown of oil layer and improve the recovery rate of oil bed.


China's petroleum industry is the largest user of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM).
The technological progress of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) promotes the development of China's petroleum industry.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Multifunctional oilfield chemical treatment agent,Papermaking wastewater,Mineral processing, Coal washing, Metallurgy,

Chemical industry, Paper making, Textile, Sugar making, Medicine, Environmental protection, Building materials, Agriculture and other industries.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) finds widespread application across various industries due to its unique properties, particularly its negatively charged nature.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is widely used in petroleum exploration, papermaking, water treatment, textile, medicine, agriculture and other industries.
According to statistics, 37% of the global Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) production is used in wastewater treatment , 27% in the petroleum industry, and 18% in the paper industry.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Drinking water treatment, Industrial wastewater treatment; Petroleum production, Mining and coal washing field.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used Papermaking field, Textile printing and dyeing industry.
Other field uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Sugar Industry, Breeding industry etc.


Industrial wastewater treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): The effect is significant especially for wastewater with neutral or alkaline pH value, large suspended particles, high concentration and positive charge, such as wastewater of steel plants, electroplating plants, metallurgical plants and the coal washing plant.


Drinking water treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Use Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) to deal with raw water, which has advantages of small dose, low-cost, no secondary pollution, etc.
Paper making additive uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can used as dispersant of long fiber paper, dry strengthen agent, retention and drainage agent and flocculent for paper making wastewater, etc.


-Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
is used in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) to increase the recovery of crude oil from reservoirs.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is injected into the reservoir to improve the mobility of the oil and reduce the amount of residual oil left in the rock.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can reduce interfacial tension and increase the displacement efficiency of the oil recovery process.


-Fluid Loss Additive uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
The hydrolysis degree is higher, the hydration group on the molecular chain is more, the hydration is better, and it changes from flocculant into fluid loss additive.
Drilling mud should be treated to keep cake’s permeability as low as possible in order to maintain a stable borehole and to minimize filtrate invasion, and damage to the pay zone.


-Blocking Agent:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can generate cross linking under the effect of Al3+, Fe 3+, Ca2+ and other ions, a part of high molecular compound is changed from linear shape into body shapes.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is not water-soluble, and can be adsorbed on the borehole to block ground layer gaps and to prevent the leakage of drilling fluid.


-Oil and Gas Industry uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the oil and gas industry to improve the efficiency of drilling and production operations.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a drilling fluid additive to increase viscosity, reduce fluid loss, and control formation damage.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is also used as a friction reducer in pipeline transportation, improving the flow of crude oil and natural gas.


-Mining Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the mining industry as a flocculant to separate solid particles from liquid in the process of mineral extraction.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used in the processing of various minerals, such as copper, gold, and coal.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can effectively separate fine particles from water and increase the recovery of valuable minerals.


-Paper and Pulp Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the paper and pulp industry to improve the efficiency of paper production.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a retention aid and drainage aid to improve the quality of paper and reduce production costs.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can increase the retention of fibers and filler materials, resulting in improved paper properties.


-Agriculture:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in agriculture to improve soil quality and increase crop yield.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as a soil conditioner and stabilizer to reduce erosion and improve soil structure.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also improve water retention in soil and increase the uptake of nutrients by plants.


-Textile Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the textile industry to improve the efficiency of the dyeing process.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a sizing agent, dyeing auxiliary, and finishing agent to enhance the quality of textile products.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the penetration and leveling of dyes, resulting in more vibrant and uniform colors.


-Cosmetics Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the cosmetics industry as a thickener and stabilizer in lotions, creams, and gels.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the texture and stability of cosmetic products and enhance their performance.


-Food Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the food industry as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is commonly used in the production of yogurt, ice cream, and other dairy products.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the texture and mouthfeel of food products and prevent separation and settling.


-Personal Care Products:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in personal care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, as a thickener and stabilizer.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the viscosity and stability of personal care products, resulting in better performance and consumer acceptance.


-Construction Industry uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the construction industry as a binder and stabilizer in the production of concrete and mortar.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the strength, durability, and workability of the construction materials.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used in soil stabilization to prevent erosion and improve soil structure.


-Water Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in water treatment to separate suspended solids and other contaminants from water.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used in various water treatment processes, such as coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can effectively remove pollutants such as suspended solids, organic matter, and heavy metals from water.


-Water Treatment:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has clarifying and purifying properties, promotes settling, aids in filtration, and enhances thickening.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is extensively utilized in the treatment of drinking water, industrial wastewater, mineral wastewater, and domestic sewage.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is primarily used in the purification treatment of wastewater ranging from weakly acidic to alkaline conditions.
In addition, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used for sludge dewatering to help reduce sludge volume and facilitate subsequent treatment and disposal during water treatment process.


-Mining and Mineral Processing:
In mining operations, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used for solid-liquid separation processes.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) aids in the settling and dewatering of tailings and slurry, contributing to the efficient handling of mining wastewater.


-Papermaking Additive:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is employed in the paper industry to improve retention and drainage during the papermaking process.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) aids in the formation of paper sheets and enhances the paper’s quality and toughness.


-Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) in Tertiary Oil Production:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is utilized in the oil and gas industry for enhanced oil recovery processes.
By increasing the viscosity of injected water, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) improves the displacement of oil from reservoirs, leading to enhanced recovery rates.


-Conservation of Water and Soil in Agriculture:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is applied in agriculture for soil erosion control and stabilization.
By improving soil structure, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) helps in water retention and prevents runoff, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.



APPLICATION FIELDS OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
• Raw Water Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
- Flocculation
- Clarification

• Industrial Waste Water Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
- Primary Clarification
- Secondary & Tertiary Treatment
- Sludge Thickening and dewatering

• Sewage Treatment uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
- Primary Treatment
- Sludge Thickening and dewatering

• Process Industries of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):
- Paper Making: Retention Agent, Resident Agent
- Sugar Manufacturing: Mud Settling
- Mining & Metallurgy: Water Recovery, Sludge Treatment



CHEMICAL FLOCCULANT ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
*Industrial wastewater treatment:
For the Sewage Treatment of suspended particles, relatively high concentration, positively charged particles, neutral or alkaline pH value of the water, wastewater from iron and steel plants, wastewater from electroplating plants, metallurgical wastewater, and coal washing wastewater, the effect isthe best.

*Drinking Water Treatment:
The water source of many water plants in China comes from rivers.
The content of silt and minerals is high and it is relatively turbid.
Although Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is filtered through sedimentation, it still cannot meet the requirements.
Flocculants need to be added.
The dosage is 1/of inorganic flocculant.
50, but the effect is several times that of inorganic flocculant.


*Recovery of lost starch and distiller’s grains from starch plants and alcohol plants:
Nowadays, wastewater from many starch plants contains a lot of starch.
Now Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is added to flocculate and precipitate the starch particles.
The precipitate is pressed and filtered by a filter press to become a cake, which can be used as feed.
The alcohol in the alcohol plant can also be dehydrated by Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) and recovered by filter press.



FEATURES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
1. Efficient flocculation
2. Low dose requirements
3. High stability
4. Reduce water turbidity
5. Improve water quality



KEY FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
*High formation rate can increase dewatering capacity by 10-30 %.
*Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can make the cake moisture content lowers, reduce incineration fuel by 10-20 %.
*Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is improved separability of cake from filter cloth can improve the filter life.
*Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) displays marked effects also on putrefied sludge, enabling stable operation.
*Breakage of floc decreases and the separation efficiency at the decanter is improved.



APPLICATIONS FOR ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM) ARE FOUNDS IN MANY INDUSTRIES INCLUDING:
*Coal,
*Copper,
*Alumina,
*Gold/silver,
*Lead / zinc,
*Nickel,
*Uranium,
*Iron/steel,
*Titanium dioxide,
*Potash,
*Phosphoric acid,
*Sand/gravel.



PACKAGE AND STORAGE OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
1. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be packed in inner plastic bags, and further in polypropylene woven bags with each bag containing 25Kg.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be packed in inner plastic bags and further in fiber plate drums with each drum containing 50Kg or 200Kg.
2. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is hygroscopic, so it is should be sealed and stored in a dry and cool place.



CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is of White or yellow powder, non-toxic, non-corrosive, easily soluble in water, mainly used as a selective flocculant for non-dispersed, low solid phase water-based drilling fluid.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can help to reduce water losses, to improve the drilling fluid rheological properties and to reduce the friction resistance as well.



ADVANTAGES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
1. Economical to use - lower dosage levels.
2. Easily soluble in water; dissolves rapidly.
3. Non-corrosive of suggested dosage, economical, and effective at low levels.
4. Can eliminate the use of alum & further ferric salts when used as primary coagulants.
5. Reduction in the sludge of dewatering process system.



PROCESS INDUSTRIES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
*Sugar and juice industry: clarification
*Paper Making: retention agent, strengthening agent, resident agent, dispersing agent, and water recovery
*Sugar Manufacturing: Mud settling
*Chlor-alkali: Brine Clarification
*Thermal Power: Clarification of scrubber water
*Mining & Metallurgy: Tailings thickening, water recovery
*Coal: Tailings thickening & water recovery
*Constructions: Soil stabilization, concrete making



FEATURES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
1. Clarification and purification;
2. Sedimentation;
3. Filtration effect;
4. Thickening and other functions.



DRINKING WATER TREATMENT OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Although filtered by precipitation, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) still cannot meet the requirements.
Flocculant needs to be added, and the dosage is 1/50 of inorganic flocculant, but the effect is several times that of inorganic flocculant.

It is better to use inorganic flocculant and cationic polyacrylamide for river water with serious organic pollution.
Now add Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM), so that starch particles flocculation precipitation, and then the sediment by the press filter press into cake, can be used as feed, alcohol can also use Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) dehydration, pressure filtration recovery.

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used for mud settlement in river water.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as dry strength agent in paper making.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used for papermaking auxiliaries and rate AIDS.



STORAGE AND PRECAUTIONS OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
1. Non-toxic, easily soluble in water and easily moisture absorption to caking.
2. Splashes on hand and skin should be washed off with water immediately.
3. Proper storage temperature is 5℃~40℃,should be stored in original packaging in cool and dry place .
4. Premade solution of liquid Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is not suitable for long storage.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)'s flocculating effect would decrease after 24 hours.
5. Low-hardness water with neutral PH range 6-9 is suggested to dissolve Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM).
Using underground water and recycled water would decrease the flocculating effect.



ADVANTAGES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
1. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has excellent flocculation effect ,quick sedimentation and economical low dosage levels
2. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has high level of water clarification
3. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has wide PH scope of application (5-14)
4. Marvelous sludge dewatering effects
5. Good compatibility with inorganic coagulant



TEH KEY PROPERTIES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
The key properties of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) make it highly effective for wastewater treatment applications.
*High molecular weight:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) has a high molecular weight, which allows it to form large and stable flocs.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) enhances the settling velocity and improves the efficiency of solid-liquid separation processes.

*Anionic nature:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) carries negative charges along its polymer chain, enabling it to interact with positively charged particles in the wastewater.
This charge interaction neutralizes the surface charges of the particles, leading to their aggregation and subsequent precipitation.

*Excellent water solubility:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) exhibits exceptional water solubility, ensuring easy and uniform distribution throughout the wastewater. This facilitates Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)'s interaction with the suspended solids, organic matter, and other contaminants present in the water.

*pH stability:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) maintains its functionality over a wide range of pH values typically encountered in wastewater treatment systems.
This enables Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)'s application in various treatment processes without compromising its performance.



APPLICATION OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM) IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT INVOLVES SEVERAL STEPS:
*Dissolution:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is typically supplied in a powdered or granular form.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is dissolved in water to form a concentrated solution, which is then added to the wastewater.

*Mixing:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is mixed vigorously with the wastewater to ensure uniform distribution and maximize contact between the polymer and the contaminants.

*Flocculation:
As Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) interacts with the suspended solids and other pollutants, it forms larger flocs through charge neutralization and bridging mechanisms.
These flocs entrap the contaminants, forming a settleable mass.

*Sedimentation or flotation:
The formed flocs settle under gravity or are separated by flotation processes, depending on the specific wastewater treatment system.
The settled flocs can be easily removed as sludge or subjected to further treatment if necessary.

*Filtration or additional treatment:
In some cases, the treated water may undergo additional filtration or treatment steps to remove any remaining fine particles or residual contaminants.
The use of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) in wastewater treatment offers several benefits, including improved suspended solids removal, enhanced clarification, reduced sludge volume, and increased overall treatment efficiency.

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a versatile and cost-effective solution for various industries and municipalities seeking to meet stringent environmental standards and discharge clean water.

In conclusion, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) plays a vital role in wastewater treatment by facilitating the separation of suspended solids and pollutants from water.
Its unique properties make Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) an effective flocculant and coagulant aid, ensuring cleaner and safer wastewater discharge.



APPLICATION FIELDS OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used to treat industrial wastewater and mining wastewater.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used as an additive of the mud materials in oil-field, geological drilling and well boring.



APPLICATION METHOD OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) should be prepared for the water solution of 0.1% as concentration.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is better to use neutral and desalted water.

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) should be scattered evenly in the stirring water, and the dissolving can be accelerated by warming the water.
The most economical dosage of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be determined based on a preliminary test.
The pH value of the water to be treated should be adjusted before the treatment.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Molecular Formula: CONH2[CH2-CH]n
CAS NO.: 9003-05-8
Appearance: Granule
Colour: White or off-white
Solid Content: ≥90%
Molecular Weight(Million): Low/Medium/Medium High/High/Ultra High
Degree Of Hydrolysis(%): Very Low/Low/Medium/Medium High/High/Ultra High
PH(1% water solution): 7.0-10.0
Dissolved Time(Hour): ≤1.5
Ionic Charge: Anionic
Molecular Weight: 15-17million
Hydrolysis Degree: 20-30%
Solid Content: >89%
Bulk Density: About 0.6-0.8
Recommended Working Concentration: 0.1%
Shelf Life: 2 years



FIRST AID MEASURES of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM)
DESCRIPTION:

Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is its negative charge, which makes it highly effective in a wide range of applications.
Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is highly water-soluble, which means that it can be easily dissolved in water and other aqueous solutions.
This makes Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) easy to use in various applications, such as in the treatment of wastewater.


CAS NO.: 903-05-8
EINECS NO.: 231-673-0


Anionic polyacrylamide(APAM) is compatible with a wide range of other chemicals and materials.
This makes it a versatile product that can be used in a variety of industrial and environmental applications.

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a high polymerization, high molecular and water soluble polymer; it can be used in the petroleum, mineral separation, coal washing, metallurgy, chemical industry, paper-making, textile, sugar making, medicine, environment protection, building material and agriculture.



Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is a water-soluble linear polymer synthesized with a high degree of polymerization.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is easily soluble in water and almost insoluble in general organic solvents such as benzene, ethylene glycol, lipids, ketones, etc.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is usually used as a flocculant in the water treatment process.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is composed of long-chain repeating units of acrylamide.



USAGE OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):
Anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) is a versatile polymer that has a wide range of uses in various industries.
Here are some more detailed uses of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM):

Water Treatment:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in water treatment to separate suspended solids and other contaminants from water.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used in various water treatment processes, such as coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can effectively remove pollutants such as suspended solids, organic matter, and heavy metals from water.

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR):
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) to increase the recovery of crude oil from reservoirs.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is injected into the reservoir to improve the mobility of the oil and reduce the amount of residual oil left in the rock.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can reduce interfacial tension and increase the displacement efficiency of the oil recovery process.

Oil and Gas Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the oil and gas industry to improve the efficiency of drilling and production operations.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a drilling fluid additive to increase viscosity, reduce fluid loss, and control formation damage.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is also used as a friction reducer in pipeline transportation, improving the flow of crude oil and natural gas.

Mining Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the mining industry as a flocculant to separate solid particles from liquid in the process of mineral extraction.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used in the processing of various minerals, such as copper, gold, and coal.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can effectively separate fine particles from water and increase the recovery of valuable minerals.

Paper and Pulp Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the paper and pulp industry to improve the efficiency of paper production.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a retention aid and drainage aid to improve the quality of paper and reduce production costs.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can increase the retention of fibers and filler materials, resulting in improved paper properties.

Agriculture:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in agriculture to improve soil quality and increase crop yield.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as a soil conditioner and stabilizer to reduce erosion and improve soil structure.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also improve water retention in soil and increase the uptake of nutrients by plants.

Textile Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the textile industry to improve the efficiency of the dyeing process.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as a sizing agent, dyeing auxiliary, and finishing agent to enhance the quality of textile products.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the penetration and leveling of dyes, resulting in more vibrant and uniform colors.

Cosmetics Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the cosmetics industry as a thickener and stabilizer in lotions, creams, and gels.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the texture and stability of cosmetic products and enhance their performance.

Food Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the food industry as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is commonly used in the production of yogurt, ice cream, and other dairy products.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the texture and mouthfeel of food products and prevent separation and settling.

Personal Care Products:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in personal care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, as a thickener and stabilizer.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the viscosity and stability of personal care products, resulting in better performance and consumer acceptance.

Construction Industry:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in the construction industry as a binder and stabilizer in the production of concrete and mortar.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can improve the strength, durability, and workability of the construction materials.
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can also be used in soil stabilization to prevent erosion and improve soil structure.

Industrial wastewater treatment:
The effect is significant especially for wastewater with neutral or alkaline pH value, large suspended particles, high concentration and positive charge, such as wastewater of steel plants, electroplating plants, metallurgical plants and the coal washing plant.

Drinking water treatment.:
Use this product to deal with raw water, which has advantages of small dose, low-cost, no secondary pollution, etc.

Paper making additive:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can used as dispersant of long fiber paper, dry strengthen agent, retention and drainage agent and flocculent for paper making wastewater, etc.


APPLICATIONS OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as Oil displacement agent for the tertiary oil recovery
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as The boring mud material of well drilling industrial waste water treatment agent
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as Drinking water treatment agent
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as Auxiliary agent of paper making industry


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) as a flocculating agent, mainly used in industrial solid-liquid separation process, including settlement, clarifying, concentrate and sludge dewatering processes.
Apply with all the major industrial wastewater treatments, such as urban sewage treatment, petroleum, mineral separation, coal washing, metallurgy, chemical industry, paper-making, textile, sugar making, medicine, environment protection, building material and agriculture.

In the paper making industry, APAM can be used as dry strength agents, retention agent, and filter aid.

They can be greatly improved as paper quality, enhance the physical strength of paper and reduce the loss of fiber, and they can also be used in the treatment of whitening water at the same time, in the deinking process can play a significant flocculation.


In the mining, coal mining industry, Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as a coal washing waste water clarifier.

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used in dyeing wastewater, leather wastewater and oil wastewater treatments, for the removal of turbidity, decolorization, to achieve the emission standards.

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) can be used as flocculating agent in the tap water in the river water treatment plant.




Application Method:
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) should be diluted to the concentration of 0.1%(based on solid content). It is better to use neutral or desalted water.
When making up solution, the product should be scattered evenly in the stirring water, usually the temperature is between 50-60℃.
The most economical dosage is based on the trial.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in Multifunctional oilfield chemical treatment agent,Papermaking wastewater,Mineral processing, Coal washing, Metallurgy, Chemical industry, Paper making, Textile, Sugar making, Medicine, Environmental protection, Building materials, Agriculture and other industries.


FEATURES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):

1. Efficient flocculation
2. Low dose requirements
3. High stability
4. Reduce water turbidity
5. Improve water quality


Packaging And Storage:
1. The Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) solid is packed in polypropylene woven bags, lined with plastic bags, each bag is 25kg; The colloidal body shall be packed in plastic drums, lined with plastic bags, each of which is 50kg or 200kg.
2. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is hygroscopic and should be stored in a cool and dry place with a temperature lower than 35 ° C.

3. The Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) solid shall not be scattered on the ground to prevent the ground from becoming slippery after moisture absorption.
4. The storage period of our products is one year.


Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Fluorescent penetrant inspection Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Industrial & Municipal Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Paper Making Wastewater

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Textile & Dyeing Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Tannery & Leather Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Friction Reducer

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Drilling Fluid
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Coal Washing & Mining Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Wine & Brewery Wastewater

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Oily Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used as Meat Processing Wastewater
Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is used in treatment of Drinking Water



CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM)
Appearance, White powder particles
Molecular weight, 5-20 million
Solid content (%), ≥90
Degree of hydrolysis (%), 10-50
Water-insoluble substance (%), ≤2
Residual monomer (%), ≤0.05
Particle size (%,20mesh), ≥90
Water dissolving time (mins), ≤60
Model No.: APAM
Brand: JINHE
Place Of Origin: Henan
CAS No.: 9003-05-8
Classification: Chemical Auxiliary Agent
Type: Anion,Nonionic,Cation
Other Names: PAM,PHPA
Usage: Paper Chemicals, Textile Auxiliary Agents, Water Treatmen
Dissolution Velocity: 60 Minutes Max
Appearance: White Granule Or Powder
Solid Content: 90%min
Degree Of Hydrolysis: 20%~30%
Molecular Formula, CONH2[CH2-CH]n
CAS NO., 9003-05-8
Appearance, Granule
Colour, White or off-white
Solid Content, ≥90%
Molecular Weight(Million), Low/Medium/Medium High/High/Ultra High
Degree Of Hydrolysis(%), Very Low/Low/Medium/Medium High/High/Ultra High
PH(1% water solution), 7.0-10.0
Dissolved Time(Hour), ≤1.5
Product Name:, Anionic Polyacrylamide For Sludge Dewatering, Application:, Thickening Agent, Flocculant, Absorbent
Molecular Weight:, High(14-16million), CAS No.:, 9003-05-8
Another Names:, Polymer Flocculant, Polyelectrolyte, APAM, Standard:, GB 17514-2008
Sample:, Free Test, Port:, Shanghai Port, China
Solid Content:, 89% Min, Appearance:, White Powder
Appearance:, Off-White Granular Powder
Ionic Charge:, Anionic
Particle Size:, 20-100 mesh
Molecular Weight:, 5-22million
Anionic Degree:, 5%-50%
Solid Content:, 89% Min
Bulk Density:, About 0.8
Specific Gravity at 25°C:, 1.01-1.1
Recommended Working Concentration:, 0.1-0.5%
PH Value:, 4-9
Storage Temperature (°C):, 0 - 35



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE (APAM):



First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:

If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.

In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.

If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.

Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas

Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.

Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.

Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.

Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.

If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.

Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product.



ANIONIC POLYELECTROLYTE
Water-soluble polymers are found in a very broad range of industrial applications.
An important class of these is acrylamide-based polymers which bear negative charges along the polymer chain and are called Anionic polyelectrolytes.

Anionic polyelectrolytes are widely used as flocculants, rheology control agents, and adhesives.

Anionic polyelectrolytes are employed especially in oil field operations as viscosity control agents for enhanced oil recovery and to a lesser degree in engineering fluids used for lubrication, for effluent reclaiming, and for opening oil passage channels in oil-bearing rock.
Paper manufacture, mining, and water treatment processes also benefit from the use of acrylamide-based polymers to flocculate solids in aqueous dispersions.

Polyacrylamides (Polyacrylamides) used for construction site erosion and sediment control (ESC) applications are a group of high molecular weight, water soluble molecules formed by polymerization of the monomer acrylamide.
Anionic polyelectrolyte is produced when acrylamide is polymerized with an anionic comonomer.

Water soluble Polyacrylamides have been used for decades to facilitate solid liquid separations in wastewater and drinking water treatment, the pulp and paper industry, aquaculture, and many other industrial processes.
Although polymer-based water clarification is a technique that is well established in industrial applications, treatment of construction runoff is a newer and less established use of this technology.

Today there are several Anionic polyelectrolyte-based products marketed for use in construction site sediment management.
These products can be applied for erosion control, clarification of sediment laden runoff, and de-mucking of wet sediment during pond cleanouts.
They are designed to be used in conjunction with other best management practices, as part of a multi-barrier approach, to minimize soil loss and improve settling of suspended sediments.

Applications of Anionic polyelectrolyte:
As a flocculating agent, mainly used in industrial solid-liquid separation process, including settlement, to clarify, concentrate and sludge dewatering processes.

Applications for all the major sectors are: Urban Sewage Treatment, Paper, Food Processing, Petrochemical, Metallurgical Processing, Dyeing and the Sugar and all kinds of industrial wastewater treatment.

In the paper industry, Anionic polyelectrolyte can be used as dry strength agents, retention agent, filter aid.
Anionic polyelectrolyte can be greatly improved as paper quality, enhance the physical strength of paper and reduce the loss of fiber, can also be used in the treatment of white water at the same time, in the deinking process can play a significant flocculation.

Anionic polyelectrolyte can be used in coal washing as waste water clarifier in the mining industry.

Oil field profile controlling and water- plugging agent, matched with CMC and a certain amount of chemical adhesive added.
Anionic polyelectrolyte can be used as oil field profile controlling and water-plugging agent.

Anionic polyelectrolyte can also be used mud additive for EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) process to improve production of oil gas drilling chemical.
In oil field, Anionic polyelectrolyte is a kind of mud additive.
Anionic polyelectrolyte is used to increase the viscosity of water and improve the effectiveness of the water flooding process.

Anionic polyelectrolyte is a kind of polyacrylamide (PAM) and shows electronegative which contains functional groups of sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid or carboxylic acid.
Due to more charge, the molecular chain of polymer can be more stretching in the water which will increase the capacity of adsorption and bridge for suspended particles removal.

The mainly interaction between APAM and suspended particles is static electricity, hydrogen bonding or covalent bond.
Anionic polyelectrolyte with high molecular weight and good solubility property can be an important kind of flocculants.

And Anionic polyelectrolyte has been widely used in water treatment because of good flocculation performance.
Generally, molecular weight of polysaccharide polymer is determined by intrinsic viscosity.

Accordingly, how to improve the intrinsic viscosity and solubility property of APAM is the most critical point in the polymerization.
Based on comprehensive literature survey to the preparation technology and application progress of Anionic polyelectrolyte, Anionic polyelectrolyte can be found that a detailed analysis and review of past academic research progress could be valuable with the rapid development of synthesis technology.
Homopolymerization posthydrolysis process, homopolymerization cohydrolysis process, copolymerization approach, inverse emulsion polymerization, precipitation polymerization and radiation polymerization are the main six kinds of synthesis technologies of APAM.

Treatment of service water.
Clarification and filtration of river water and industrial water.
Condensation and dehydration of sludge from industrial water treatment.

Other Applications of Anionic polyelectrolyte:

In Chemical:
Sedimentation and condensation of magnesium hydroxide in manufacturing process of magnesium clinker (Mgo).
Clarification of phosphoric acid solution.
Treatment of sewage from red oxide manufacture.

In Mining:
Sedimentation of slimes of copper, zinc, sulfides ores.
Filtration of slimes and coal powder.
Treatment of sewage from mining process.
Treatment of coal washing.

In Oil:
Enhanced oil recovery.

In Creamic:
Condensation, sedimentation of slurry in wet type cement manufacture.

In Waste water treatment:

Pulp and paper:
Recovery and clarification of white water, steel and metal
Treatment of sewage containing blast furnace dust.

Treatment of sewage from metal plating.
Treatment of sewage from acid cleaning of metals.

In Textile:
Treatment of sewage from wool washing.
Treatment of sewage from dyeing.

Usage Areas of Anionic polyelectrolyte:
In chemical wastewater treatment plants, Anionic polyelectrolyte is applied by making a solution with water depending on the type of waste.

Anionic polyelectrolyte is a type of polymer used in dewatering sludge arising from biological treatment processes.
Anionic polyelectrolyte is used in drinking water and wastewater treatment, Paper Industry, Petroleum Industry, Mining, Agriculture, Textile, Cosmetics industry.

Anionic polyelectrolyte is specially designed for improvising filtration and purification processes in sugar processing.
This organic based copolymer coagulant is effective in complex systems that coagulate solids and immediately form flocs.
Anionic polyelectrolyte is processed more carefully to make Anionic polyelectrolyte compatible with any pH range.

Anionic polyelectrolyte Powder is a medium anionic charged powder polyelectrolyte to be used as a thickener in the direct filtration process to precipitate inorganic suspended solids, waste water.

Anionic flocculants:
Anionic polyelectrolytes are used, among other things, for water clarification and process water recycling.
Anionic polyelectrolytes are easier to polymerize to very high molecular weights.

Anionic polyelectrolyte presents high polymer electrolyte characteristics in neutral and alkaline mediums.
With good flocculation, Anionic polyelectrolyte can reduce the frictional resistance between the liquid and be widely used in mining industries and water treatment etc.

Other Uses of Anionic polyelectrolyte:

Some of the main areas of a construction site that can benefit from stabilization with Anionic polyelectrolyte include:
Soil stockpiles,
Low traffic sloped areas,
Stripped areas left inactive for extended periods of time,
Cut-off swales/ditches,
Any other stripped areas of the site where dust control is needed.

The following guidelines should be applied for any use of Anionic polyelectrolyte as an erosion control on construction sites.

Granular Anionic polyelectrolyte applied to a soil surface for erosion control should be applied at least 15 metres away from any watercourse, wetland, well, etc. or other natural water feature.
Anionic polyelectrolyte should never be applied directly to natural features (e.g. woodlots, wetlands, streams).

When not used in combination with other ground covers, Anionic polyelectrolyte should only be applied to protect against erosion in areas receiving nonconcentrated sheet flows.

Prior to Polyacrylamide application, rills and/or gullies should be filled in and/or the surface should be prepped according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

Application of Anionic polyelectrolyte with seed (through hydroseeding or a similar method), or some sort of cover, is preferable to the use of the polymer alone on bare soil.
The roots will help to anchor the soil in place and the Polyacrylamide helps to stabilize soil early on before the seed has germinated.

Accepted application methods include (i) broadcast of granular Polyacrylamide, by hand or with a seed/fertilizer spreader, (ii) application of Polyacrylamide solution with a construction site watering vehicle, and (iii) addition to hydroseeding mixture, followed by normal hydroseed application.

Manufacturing of Anionic polyelectrolyte:
Anionic polyelectrolyte is made by the free-radical polymerization of acrylamide and Anionic polyelectrolyte derivatives via bulk, solution, precipitation, suspension, emulsion, and copolymerization techniques.
Among these, solution polymerization is a preferred technique because of difficulty with temperature and agitation control in bulk polymerization and the cost of surfactants and solvents for suspension, emulsion, and precipitation polymerization.

The anionic polymers may interact with particles in aqueous dispersions in several ways that result in the stability or instability of the dispersions.
The particles in solid-liquid phases can be destabilized through three main mechanisms which promote flocculation and cause destabilization.

These mechanisms are polymer bridging, charge neutralization, and polymer adsorption.
The particles in solid-liquid phases can be stabilized by the anionic polymers through both electrostatic and steric repulsive forces.
ANISOLE
sels d’acide carboxylique, lipoaminoacides, lipo-oligopeptides, dérivés sulfonés et dérivés sulfatés, Sodium coco sulfate (SCS), Sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI), huile de Ricin sulfatée (Sulfated castor oil), Sodium lauryl sulfoacetate (SLSA), Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate
Anionic surfactants ( les tensioactifs anioniques)
SODIUM ANISATE, N° CAS : 536-45-8 - Anisate de sodium. Nom INCI : SODIUM ANISATE. Nom chimique : Sodium anisate. N° EINECS/ELINCS : 208-634-1. Compatible Bio (Référentiel COSMOS). Ses fonctions (INCI). Antimicrobien : Aide à ralentir la croissance de micro-organismes sur la peau et s'oppose au développement des microbes. Agent arômatisant : Donne un arôme au produit cosmétique
Anisate de sodium
Antimony Peroxide; CI: 77052; CI Pigment White 11; Dechlorane A-O; Antimony white; Antimonius Oxide; Antimony (III) Oxide; Bianitmony Trioxide; Flowers of Antimony; ANTIMON(III)OXIDE; ANTIMONOUS OXIDE; ANTIMONY(+3)OXIDE; ANTIMONY OXIDE; ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE; DI-ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE; SB OXIDE; a1530; a1582; a1588lp; amspec-kr; antimoniousoxide; antimonyoxide(o3sb2); antimonyoxide(sb2o3); antimonyoxideo3sb2; antimonyperoxide; antimonysesquioxide; antimonytrioxideproduction; antimonywhite; antox CAS NO:1309-64-4
Anthemis nobilis
anthemis nobilis l.;chamaemelum nobile; chamomile english or roman CAS NO:84649-86-5
ANTI-CAKING AGENTS
Anti-caking agents are anhydrous compounds that are added in small amounts to dry foods to prevent the particles from caking together and to ensure the product remains dry and free-flowing.
Anti-caking agents function by absorption of excess moisture or by coating particles to make them more water repellant.
Without anti-caking agents, dry soup, cake, and biscuit mixes would be clumped and chunky, cappuccino and hot chocolate vending machines would not function properly, and premixes for manufacturing would be more difficult to use.

CAS Number: 1327-39-5
Molecular Formula: Al2Ca2O15Si5
Molecular Weight: 514.537576
EINECS Number: 215-476-7

Synonyms: Aluminum calcium silicate, 1327-39-5, MOLECULAR SIEVES, Silicic acid, aluminum calcium salt, SILICATE CEMENT, Calcium silicoaluminate, Calcium aluminum silicate, dialuminum;dicalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane, CCRIS 3933, UNII-3L00JH8411, Aluminosilicic acid, calcium salt, EINECS 215-476-7, 3L00JH8411, IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Anti-caking agents are often found in milk and cream powders, flour-based mixes, baking powder, table salt, cocoa, and mixed coffee beverages, to name a few.
In manufacturing, the addition of anti-caking agents helps prevent bridging during the packaging process, which can reduce production rates.
The bridging of powders occurs when particles interlock or bond together to build a bridge or arch above the outlet of a container like a silo, hopper, or mixer vessel.

Anti-caking agents are substances added to powdered or granulated materials to prevent the formation of lumps and improve the flowability of the product.
These agents are commonly used in food processing, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and various industrial applications where powdered or granular materials need to maintain a free-flowing consistency.
Anti-caking agents is an additive placed in powdered or granulated materials, such as table salt or confectioneries, to prevent the formation of lumps (caking) and for easing packaging, transport, flowability, and consumption.

Caking mechanisms depend on the nature of the material.
Crystalline solids often cake by formation of liquid bridge and subsequent fusion of microcrystals.
Amorphous materials can cake by glass transitions and changes in viscosity.

Anti-caking agents polymorphic phase transitions can also induce caking.
Anti-caking agents function by absorbing excess moisture or by coating particles and making them water-repellent.
Calcium silicate (CaSiO3), a commonly used anti-caking agent, added to e.g. table salt, absorbs both water and oil.

Anti-caking agents are also used in non-food items such as road salt, fertilisers, cosmetics, and detergents.
Some studies suggest that anticaking agents may have a negative effect on the nutritional content of food; one such study indicated that most anti-caking agents result in the additional degradation of vitamin C added to food.
Anti-caking agents in salt is denoted in the ingredients, for example, as "anti-caking agent (554)", which is sodium aluminosilicate.

Anti-caking agents is present in many commercial table salts as well as dried milk, egg mixes, sugar products, flours and spices.
In Europe, sodium ferrocyanide (535) and potassium ferrocyanide (536) are more common anticaking agents in table salt.
"Natural" anticaking agents used in more expensive table salt include calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.

Diatomaceous earth, mostly consisting of silicon dioxide (SiO2), may also be used as an anticaking agent in animal foods, typically mixed at 2% rate of a product dry weight.
The most widely used anticaking agents include the stearates of calcium and magnesium, silica and various silicates, talc, as well as flour and starch.
Ferrocyanides are used for table salt.

The following anticaking agents are listed in order by their number in the Codex Alimentarius by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN.
Anti-caking agents work by absorbing excess moisture or by coating particles to prevent them from sticking together.
This ensures that the product remains loose and easily pourable.

By reducing clumping, these agents enhance the flow properties of powdered or granular substances, making them easier to handle during manufacturing, packaging, and consumption.
A common mineral-based anti-caking agent that absorbs moisture and prevents particles from sticking together.
Anti-caking agents is widely used in food products and pharmaceuticals.

Another mineral-based agent that provides a non-stick surface to particles, improving flowability in powdered substances.
A fatty acid salt that acts as both an anti-caking agent and a lubricant in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Anti-caking agents is used as a natural anti-caking agent and bulking agent in food and pharmaceutical applications.

An inorganic compound that helps maintain the texture and flow of powdered materials.
Anti-caking agents are commonly added to salt, spices, baking mixes, powdered drinks, and grated cheese to prevent clumping and ensure uniform distribution.
Anti-caking agents is used in the production of tablets, capsules, and powders to improve the flowability of active ingredients during manufacturing and enhance their dissolution in the body.

Included in powdered makeup products such as foundation, blush, and eyeshadow to maintain their texture and prevent clumping.
Anti-caking agents is used in agricultural products, detergents, fertilizers, and construction materials to maintain the flowability and usability of powdered or granular substances.
Anti-caking agents used in food and pharmaceutical products are regulated by health authorities to ensure they meet safety standards and do not pose health risks.

Anti-caking agents's important to use anti-caking agents within recommended levels to avoid altering the taste, texture, or performance of the final product.
Some individuals may have sensitivities or allergies to specific anti-caking agents, so manufacturers often label products to inform consumers of their presence.
By definition, anti-caking agents are anhydrous compounds that are added in small amounts to dry foods to prevent the particles caking together and ensure the product remains dry and free-flowing.

Without anti-caking agents, dry soup, cake and biscuit mixes would be clumped and chunky, cappuccino and hot chocolate vending machines would not function properly, and premixes for manufacturing would not be as easy to use.
These agents are often found in milk and cream powders, flour-based mixes, baking powder, table salt, cocoa, and mixed coffee beverages, to name a few.
In manufacturing, the addition of anti-caking agents helps prevent bridging during the packaging process, which can reduce production rates.

Anti-caking agentss are food additives that keep powders or granulated materials such as milk powder, powdered sugar, tea and coffee powders used in vending machines, table salt etc. flowing freely.
Anti-caking agents, in fact, prevent the formation of lumps making these products manageable for packaging, transport, and for use by end consumer.
There are many powdered or granulated foods that absorb water which prevents them from flowing smoothly out of the packaging. Anticaking agents are additives that are added to these foods so that the powder or granules do not become clumpy or stick together.

Some of the anticaking agents are natural such as bentonite while others are manufactured from natural sources like silicon dioxide and several silicates.
Anti-caking agents is used as an anticaking agent, added in table salt as it absorbs both water and oil.
Anti-caking agents make it easier to pack, transport, store and consume these foods as they prevent lumps.

Melting point: 1500℃ [CRC10]
Density: 3.048
form: rod
Water Solubility: 86.8g/100mL (25°C), 115g/100mL (65°C) H2O; insoluble alcohol [HAW93] [CRC10]
Sensitive: Hygroscopic

Anti-caking agents means that foodstuffs in the form of powder, fine particles and hygroscopic nature form hard agglomerates or particles in moist environments.
In the food sector, anti-caking agents are organic or inorganic compounds that reduce the tendency of food particles to attract one another, provide the habit of fine-grained and powdered foodstuffs and prevent their tendency to agglomerate.
The International Food Codex Commission defines anti-caking agents as substances that prevent food particles from sticking together.

They are insoluble in water and have high water absorption capacity.
Anti-caking agents covers the food particles with a thin layer and increases the distance between them and prevents them from sticking to each other by preventing electrostatic attraction.
The anti-caking agents commonly used in foodstuffs are finely ground powdered particles and are incorporated into large masses of materials to impart fluidity to these masses and prevent their tendency to agglomerate.

Silicates, phosphates, carbonates, elemental salts of fatty acids and similar substances are used in the food industry to prevent agglomeration.
Anti-caking agents are generally chemical substances and are effective when used in concentrations up to 2 percent.
These substances are widely used in salts, spice powders, cake blends, instant soups, admixtures, granulated sugar and cereal products.

Anti-caking agents is important that anti-caking agents are not harmful to human health, their effects on physical and chemical properties in the area they are used, their nutritional values, the expected reaction in fluidity and caking properties.
In the determination of anti-caking agents, evaluations such as density, dustiness, water interest, moisture retention properties and turbidity are important.
These materials are also used to improve the processing properties of grain products.

The relevant legal regulations include anti-caking agents that are allowed to be used in food products.
In authorized laboratories, anti-caking agent determination studies are carried out within the scope of chemical food analyzes.
In these studies, standards and test methods published by domestic and foreign organizations are followed.

Anti-caking agents are ingredients added in small amounts to foods, cosmetics, and more to prevent products from clumping and binding together.
There are many different anti-caking ingredients with GRAS status on the market.
Manufactures choose the anti-caking agent to use based on product and consumer expectation.

For example, consumers expect salt to flow freely from salt shakers.
Anti-caking agents allow salt to free-flow without clumping.
There are many foods and products that readily absorb water or oils.

The absorption of this water or oil can cause products to clump together and in some cases, become unusable.
This is especially true for cake mixes, flour, sugar, table salt, and many other granular food products as they are crystalline structures.
When these crystalline structures absorb water or oils, they can create a liquid bridge that forms into a crystal bridge.

This crystal bridge binds the food product together making it difficult to use.
This is a low-tech way of adding additional clumping protection to foods because the rice absorbs excess moisture and protects the foods from the above clumping process.
Manufacturers add anti-caking agents in small amounts to products they want to keep free-flowing.

These anti-caking agents coat individual particles thus separating the particles from each other, so a crystal bridge does not form and cause clumping.
The use of silicon dioxide (SiO2) is of critical health concern across different applications.
Anti-caking agents is set to transform your final products by replacing silicon dioxide and simultaneously enhancing flowability and providing strong anti-caking properties.

Anti-caking agents consumer health with safe and sustainable products.
Anti-caking agents is a natural anti-caking agent great for keeping your seasoning blends in free flowing condition.
Anti-caking agents is all natural and is used at 2% per weight of seasoning.

Anti-caking agents are a great alternative to Silicon Dioxide and can help your product achieve a clean label.
Anti-caking agents are defined as substances added to finely powdered or crystalline food powders to prevent caking, lumping or aggregation by improving their flow ability.
Anti caking agents are themselves very fine powders and are listed as nutrients and are considered food ingredients.

Some anti caking agents are starch, magnesium carbonate, and silica.
The food processing and handling industry is heavily reliant on anti-caking agents to safeguard manufacturing efficiency and preserve the value of powdered ingredients and products.
Driven by innovation and evolving customer preferences, this is an industry showing healthy expansion with the food handling and processing equipment market predicted to exhibit a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% up to 2026.

Many powdery and granular food products have a tendency to absorb water and clump together.
Whether Anti-caking agents’s table salt, icing sugar, non-dairy creamer, instant soup or even grated parmesan cheese, if the ingredients don’t flow freely then they are difficult to use.
Salt cellars wouldn’t dispense salt, drink vending machines would block up, and the parmesan wouldn’t spread evenly across the plate.

Anti-caking agents are used to prevent this problem.
Many are natural products such as talc and bentonite, Anti-caking agents are used to prevent powdery and granular food products from absorbing water and clumping togetherand others are manufactured from natural sources, such as silicon dioxide and several silicates.
They don’t modify the food itself – they just make it less ‘sticky’, often by soaking up water.

Anti-caking agents is a naturally occurring porous volcanic clay, which is used as an anticaking agent.
Anti-caking agents is also used to remove proteins from white wine, which would otherwise make it go cloudy.
Anti-caking agents is made from chalk, limestone or diatomaceous earth, and is commonly used as an anticaking agent in dry products.

Anti-caking agents is common in nature – it is the main component of sand.
Anti-caking agents is used to improve the flow of dry products, and also to absorb water.
Anti-caking agents is a synthetic mixture of sodium, aluminium and silicon oxides which is used as an anticaking agent.

Anti-caking agents is a natural mineral, which is made from hydrated magnesium silicate.
Anti-caking agents can be used in many different food products to prevent clumping.
Anti-caking agents is used primarily in powdered food products and pharmaceuticals to prevent caking and improve flowability.

Also known as baking soda, Anti-caking agents serves as an anti-caking agent in baking powders and dry mixes.
Natural mineral used in powdered cosmetics and pharmaceuticals for its anti-caking and absorbent properties.

Anti-caking agents used in food processing and industrial applications to prevent sticking and improve flow.
Approved as an anti-caking agent in table salt to prevent moisture absorption and clumping.
Anti-caking agents like sodium ferrocyanide or silicon dioxide are added to prevent moisture absorption and maintain free-flowing grains.

Prevent clumping in powdered spices and seasoning blends, ensuring uniform distribution and ease of use.
Anti-caking agents used in powdered beverage mixes to maintain consistency and prevent lump formation.
Anti-caking agents ensure the smooth flow of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) during tablet and capsule manufacturing.

Anti-caking agents is used in pharmaceutical powders to facilitate accurate dosing and dissolution properties.
Anti-caking agents are added to powdered cosmetics such as foundation, blush, and eyeshadow to prevent clumping and ensure smooth application.
Ensure even distribution and application of fertilizers by preventing clumping in granular or powdered formulations.

Anti-caking agents is used in cement and mortar formulations to improve flowability and ease of handling.
Anti-caking agents used in food products are regulated by health authorities such as the FDA in the United States and EFSA in the European Union.
They must meet safety standards and be approved for specific applications.

Manufacturers are required to list anti-caking agents on product labels to inform consumers and ensure transparency regarding their use.
Regulatory agencies establish maximum usage levels for anti-caking agents to prevent overuse and potential health risks.
Some anti-caking agents may contain allergens or sensitizing ingredients.

Manufacturers must disclose potential allergens on labels to alert consumers with allergies or sensitivities.
While most anti-caking agents are considered safe when used as directed, inhalation of fine particles or prolonged exposure may pose respiratory risks in industrial settings.

Many anti-caking agents are biodegradable and do not persist in the environment.
However, their disposal and use should adhere to environmental regulations to minimize impact.

Uses:
Anti-caking agents is used in vanilla powder.
Anti-caking agents is also used in salt up to 2%.
Prevents moisture absorption and ensures that salt remains free-flowing in salt shakers and salt packets.

Maintains the texture and consistency of powdered spices, herbs, and seasoning blends, allowing for even distribution and accurate measurement.
Anti-caking agents is used in baking powders to prevent the clumping of baking soda and cream of tartar, ensuring consistent leavening in baked goods.
Improves the flowability of powdered beverages like hot cocoa mixes, powdered juices, and drink mixes, facilitating easy mixing with water or other liquids.

Facilitates the manufacturing of tablets and capsules by preventing the sticking of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to machinery and ensuring uniform dosing.
Enhances the flowability of powdered medications and nutritional supplements, aiding in accurate measurement and dosing.
Prevents clumping in products like face powders, blushes, eyeshadows, and setting powders, ensuring smooth application and a consistent finish.

Anti-caking agents ensures the even distribution and application of fertilizers by preventing granular or powdered formulations from clumping during storage and handling.
Anti-caking agents is used in cement, mortar, and plaster formulations to improve the flowability of powdered materials, making them easier to mix and apply.
Helps maintain the flowability of powdered detergents, dishwasher detergents, and cleaning agents, improving their dispensing and dissolution in water.

Prevents clumping in powdered feed supplements and additives, ensuring consistent nutrition for livestock and pets.
Anti-caking agents is used in grated and shredded cheese to prevent clumping and maintain texture, ensuring easy sprinkling and melting.
Included in instant soup mixes, instant noodles, and powdered sauces to improve flowability and dissolve quickly in hot water.

Sometimes added to flour and dough mixes to prevent caking during storage and handling, ensuring consistent baking results.
Prevents lumps in powdered sugar, allowing for smooth mixing into icings, frostings, and dessert recipes.
Anti-caking agents ensures cocoa powder and instant coffee granules remain free-flowing for easy measuring and mixing.

Anti-caking agents is used in agricultural seed coatings to prevent clumping and ensure even distribution of seed treatment chemicals.
Added to powdered feed supplements and minerals for livestock to improve flowability and prevent feed from clumping in storage and dispensing systems.
Helps maintain the flowability of fire extinguisher powders, ensuring effective dispersion when needed.

Included in powdered pool chemicals to prevent caking and ensure accurate dosing for water treatment.
Prevents clumping in road salt used for de-icing roads and walkways during winter months, ensuring effective distribution and melting of ice.
Anti-caking agents is used in talcum powders, dry shampoos, and body powders to prevent clumping and improve application.

Included in excipients used in oral and topical medications to ensure consistent dosing and dispersion of active ingredients.
Research is exploring the use of natural anti-caking agents in functional foods and dietary supplements to improve product stability and consumer acceptance.
Focus on developing eco-friendly anti-caking agents derived from renewable sources or natural minerals to reduce environmental impact.

Anti-caking agents used in food and pharmaceutical products are subject to strict regulatory oversight to ensure they are safe for human consumption.
Manufacturers are required to list anti-caking agents on product labels, allowing consumers to make informed choices and avoid potential allergens or sensitivities.

Safety Profile:
Fine particles of anti-caking agents, especially those in powdered form, can potentially cause respiratory irritation or respiratory tract sensitization if inhaled in significant quantities.
This is more relevant in industrial settings where dust levels may be higher.
Direct contact with some anti-caking agents, particularly in concentrated or undiluted forms, may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Contact with anti-caking agents can cause irritation to the eyes.
Anti-caking agents's important to flush eyes with water immediately if contact occurs and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
While many anti-caking agents are considered safe for consumption in small quantities in food and pharmaceutical products, ingestion of large amounts or concentrated forms could potentially lead to gastrointestinal irritation or discomfort.

Some individuals may be allergic or sensitive to specific anti-caking agents or their components.
Anti-caking agents's essential to read product labels and be aware of potential allergens to avoid adverse reactions.
Certain anti-caking agents, if released into the environment in large quantities or improperly disposed of, may have adverse effects on ecosystems.

However, many anti-caking agents used in food and pharmaceuticals are biodegradable and have minimal environmental impact when used as directed.
When handling anti-caking agents in powdered or concentrated forms, wear appropriate PPE such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing to minimize skin and eye contact.

Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where anti-caking agents are handled to reduce the risk of inhalation exposure to dust or aerosols.
Follow recommended handling and storage practices provided by manufacturers to minimize the risk of exposure and ensure product integrity.



ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE
Antimony (III) oxide is a white crystalline powder.
Antimony (III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O3.


CAS Number: 1309-64-4
EC Number: 215-175-0
MDL Number: MFCD00011214
Molecular Formula: Sb2O3



Antimony(III) oxide, Antimony sesquioxide, Antimonous oxide, Flowers of Antimony, Diantimony trioxide, Senarmontite, 1327-33-9, antimony(3+);oxygen(2-),
Antimony oxide (Sb2O3) oxygen(-2) anion, NCI-C55152, 12412-52-1, P217481X5E, Antimonious oxide, Valentinite, Exitelite, Timonox, Twinkling star, Antimony White, Thermoguard B, Thermoguard L, Thermoguard S, White star, Fireshield H, Stibiox MS, Dechlorane A-O, Amspec-KR, Patox C, Patox H, Patox L, Patox M, Patox S, Atox B, Atox F, Atox R, Atox S, FireShield LS-FR, Timonox White Star, Antimony sesquioxide, Microfine A 05, Octoguard FR 10, Flameguard VF 59, Chemetron fire shield, Antimony(3+) oxide, Flame Cut 610, Flame Cut 610R, Antimony Bloom 100A, Antimony Bloom 500A, Nyacol A 1510LP, Fireshield FSPO 405,
LS-FR, Nyacol A 1530, AP 50 (metal oxide), EINECS 215-474-6, AT 3 (fireproofing agent), AT 3B, MIC 3, Weisspiessglanz, CCRIS 4495, HSDB 436, LSB 80, HM 203P, AP 50, A 1588LP, ATO, EINECS 215-175-0, AN 800, CI 77052, Nyacol A-1530, ANTIMONIUM OXYDATUM, C.I. 77052, A 1582, Antimony oxide (SB203), Sb2O3,
ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE [MI], ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE [HSDB], ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE [IARC], UNII-P217481X5E, GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N, ANTIMONIUM OXYDATUM [HPUS],
AKOS030228225, EC 215-175-0, Q409035, 1317-98-2, Antimony Oxide, Antimony Trioxide, Dioxodistiboxane, Stibine oxide, triphenyl, Dioxodistiboxane, Antimony sesquioxide, Antimony White, Stibine oxide, triphenyl-, hydrate, Diantimony trioxide, Flowers of antimony, Triphenylantimony oxide, Oxo-oxostibanyloxystibane, Di(phenyl)stiborylbenzene, Triphenylstibine oxide, Triphenylantimony oxide, 1.07835, 1.07836, 379255, 202649, A11123, 11579, 36314, 10641,



Antimony (III) oxidev is a highly insoluble thermally stable Antimony source suitable for glass, optic and ceramic applications.
Antimony(III) Oxide is also available in pellets, pieces, powder, sputtering targets, tablets, and nanopowder (from American Elements' nanoscale production facilities).


Antimony (III) oxide offered provides working as a inorganic compound and comes with formula of Sb2O3.
Antimony (III) oxide works as an important commercial compound of antimony and dissolves in aqueous solutions with hydrolysis, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to give meta-antimonite NaSbO2, in concentrated mineral acids to give corresponding salts.


Selective ammoxidation catalysts for such reactions as conversion of toluene to benzonitrile or propylene to acrylonitrile were prepared by a sol-gel method from V2O5, Antimony (III) oxide and high purity hydrogen peroxide.
Antimony (III) oxide is usually available in various concentration.


Antimony (III) oxide is stored in original packing and under conditions mentioned on the safety data sheet.
Antimony (III) oxide is not soluble in water and in nitric acid, not very soluble in diluted H2S04 and HCI but more soluble in these acid concentrates.
Antimony (III) oxide is an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels.


Some specialty pigments contain antimony.
Antimony (III) oxide is a useful catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and the vulcanization of rubber.
Antimony (III) oxide is insoluble in water.


Store Antimony (III) oxide in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.
Store Antimony (III) oxide away from strong oxidizing agents.
Keep Antimony (III) oxide container tightly closed.


Antimony (III) oxide is a white solid and is the most important commercial compound of antimony.
Antimony(V) Oxide (Sb₂O₅) (Antimony pentoxide) is a yellow powdery solid that is very slightly soluble in water.
Antimony (III) oxide is usually added to other flame retardants to increase the efficiency.


When Antimony (III) oxide is used alone, the flame retardant effect is low.
When used together with phosphate, chlorinated compounds and brominated compounds, Antimony (III) oxide has a good synergistic effect, and the flame retardant effect is significantly improved.


Antimony (III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O3.
Antimony (III) oxide is the most important commercial compound of antimony.
Antimony (III) oxide is found in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite.


Like most polymeric oxides, Antimony (III) oxide dissolves in aqueous solutions with hydrolysis.
A mixed arsenic-antimony oxide occurs in nature as the very rare mineral stibioclaudetite.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
Antimony (III) oxide is an indispensable synergist for halogenated flame retardants and an essential element for photovoltaic clarifiers.
Some of Antimony (III) oxide's features include application as flame retardant synergist, helps to form less flammable chars, used as pacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels; used as synergist in textiles, adhesives, plastics, rubber, fiberglass & paper industry.


Antimony (III) oxide is used as a catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and the vulcanization of rubber.
Antimony (III) oxide is used as a catalyst, vulcanization of rubber, an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels.
Antimony (III) oxide is used as a flame retardant.


The annual consumption of Antimony (III) oxide in the United States and Europe is approximately 10,000 and 25,000 tonnes, respectively.
The main application of Antimony (III) oxide is as flame retardant synergist in combination with halogenated materials.
The combination of the halides and the antimony is key to the flame-retardant action for polymers, helping to form less flammable chars.


Such flame retardants are found in electrical apparatuses, textiles, leather, and coatings.
Antimony (III) oxide is used as a catalyst, vulcanization of rubber, an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels.
Antimony (III) oxide is used as a flame retardant.


Antimony (III) oxide is used as a flame retardant for textile materials and as a source to prepare other antimony compounds.
Antimony (III) oxide is also used as a catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and in the vulcanization of rubber.
Antimony (III) oxide is an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics, and enamels.


Antimony(V) Oxide (Sb₂O₅) is used as a flame retardant for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer, plastics, rubbers, paper, and textiles.
Antimony (III) oxide is a source to prepare other antimony compounds and is employed as a catalyst in certain polymerization and oxidation reactions.
Antimony (III) oxide finds applications in flame retardants, catalysts, batteries, and alloys.


Antimony (III) oxide acts as an opacifying agent in glasses, ceramics and enamels.
Antimony (III) oxide is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of PET plastic (polyethylene terephthalate), and the vulcanization of rubber.
Antimony (III) oxide is an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics, and enamels in addition to being an ingredient for certain specialty pigments.


Antimony (III) oxide can also be used as a chemical catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and the vulcanization of rubber.
Antimony (III) oxide is the most widely used additive flame retardant.
Antimony (III) oxide is often used together with other flame retardants and smoke suppressants, and synergistic effects can be generated among the components.


Antimony (III) oxide is the most widely used additive flame retardant.
Antimony (III) oxide is an additive flame retardant widely used in polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, PVC, polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane and other plastics.

-Flame Retardancy uses of Antimony (III) oxide:
A significant amount of Antimony (III) oxide produced annually goes to enhance flame retardancy.
Antimony (III) oxide is added to certain flame retardants, making them efficient in consumer products such as textiles, upholstered furniture, children’s products, and plastics.

In its physical state, Antimony (III) oxide has no flame-retardant properties.
However, when combined with other compounds, Antimony (III) oxide acts as a synergist.
Typically, Antimony (III) oxide combines with halogenated compounds to create chemical compounds with flame retardant properties

The process involves:
Stopping the thermal decomposition reaction under gas
Sealing against oxygen

The carbonaceous char is formed under the solid phase
Antimony (III) oxide, is the most important commercial compound of antimony.
Antimony (III) oxide is found in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite and is mainly produced via the smelting of stibnite ore, which is oxidised to crude Sb2O3 using furnaces operating at approximately 850 to 1,000 °C.

Antimonious oxide is widely used as a flame retardant for rubber and plastic materials.
In its pure state Antimony (III) oxide is used in pharmaceutical products.
In the chemical industry Antimony (III) oxide is used as an intermediate for the preparation of metallic antimony; in the glass industry it is used to de-colourise glass, in the ceramic industry and in galvanic technology.


-PET production uses of Antimony (III) oxide:
Antimony (III) oxide is also used as a catalyst in producing polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Polyethylene terephthalate is a polymer commonly used in bottles, films, and synthetic fibers.

Antimony (III) oxide is also among the most popular materials in the beverage and food packaging industry.
Antimony (III) oxide is a suitable material because it is lightweight and impermeable to CO2.
As with other compounds in PET, antimony can be used to migrate water into the bottles.

However, current legislation establishes migration limits for Antimony (III) oxide and other compounds.
The amount of antimony used in the preparation of PET may range from 100-300 mg/kg.
This implies that a one-liter bottle can contain 3-9 milligrams of antimony.

The high amount shows that the set limits can exceed if total migration occurs.
For that reason, further studies have been carried out to determine the leaching or migration of the substance.



STRUCTURE OF ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
The Antimony (III) oxide structure varies depending on the temperature of the sample.
For instance, dimeric Sb4O6 is discovered under high temperatures.
The Sb4O6 molecules appear as bicyclic cages that look the same as related oxides of phosphorous trioxide and phosphorous (III).
This cage structure is maintained in a cubic habit.
A more stable orthorhombic form with pairs of Sb-O chains is discovered if the compound is exposed to temperatures below 606 °C.



PROPERTIES OF ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
Antimony (III) oxide is an amphoteric oxide.
Antimony (III) oxide dissolves in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to give the meta-antimonite NaSbO2, which can be isolated as the trihydrate.

Antimony (III) oxide also dissolves in concentrated mineral acids to give the corresponding salts, which hydrolyzes upon dilution with water.
With nitric acid, the trioxide is oxidized to antimony(V) oxide.
When heated with carbon, the oxide is reduced to antimony metal.

With other reducing agents such as sodium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride, the unstable and very toxic gas stibine is produced.
When heated with potassium bitartrate, a complex salt potassium antimony tartrate, KSb(OH)2·C4H2O6, is formed.



PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
Global production of Antimony (III) oxide in 2012 was 130,000 tonnes, an increase from 112,600 tonnes in 2002.
China produces the largest share followed by US/Mexico, Europe, Japan and South Africa and other countries (2%).

As of 2010, Antimony (III) oxide was produced at four sites in the EU.
It is produced via two routes, re-volatilizing of crude Antimony (III) oxide and by oxidation of antimony metal.
Oxidation of antimony metal dominates in Europe.

Several processes for the production of crude Antimony (III) oxide or metallic antimony from virgin material.
The choice of process depends on the composition of the ore and other factors.

Typical steps include mining, crushing and grinding of ore, sometimes followed by froth flotation and separation of the metal using pyrometallurgical processes (smelting or roasting) or in a few cases (e.g. when the ore is rich in precious metals) by hydrometallurgical processes.
These steps do not take place in the EU but closer to the mining location.

Re-volatilizing of crude Antimony (III) oxide:
Step 1) Crude stibnite is oxidized to crude Antimony (III) oxide using furnaces operating at approximately 500 to 1,000 °C.
The reaction is the following:
2 Sb2S3 + 9 O2 → 2 Sb2O3 + 6 SO2


Step 2)
The crude Antimony (III) oxide is purified by sublimation.
Oxidation of antimony metal:
Antimony metal is oxidized to Antimony (III) oxide in furnaces.
The reaction is exothermic.

Antimony (III) oxide is formed through sublimation and recovered in bag filters.
The size of the formed particles is controlled by process conditions in furnace and gas flow.
The reaction can be schematically described by:
4 Sb + 3 O2 → 2 Sb2O3



STRUCTURE OF ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
The structure of Antimony (III) oxide depends on the temperature of the sample.
Dimeric Sb4O6 is the high temperature (1560 °C) gas.
Sb4O6 molecules are bicyclic cages, similar to the related oxide of phosphorus(III), phosphorus trioxide.

The cage structure is retained in a solid that crystallizes in a cubic habit.
The Sb–O distance is 197.7 pm and the O–Sb–O angle of 95.6°.
This form exists in nature as the mineral senarmontite.

Above 606 °C, the more stable form is orthorhombic, consisting of pairs of -Sb-O-Sb-O- chains that are linked by oxide bridges between the Sb centers.
This form of Antimony (III) oxide exists in nature as the mineral valentinite.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
Chemical Name: Antimony Trioxide
Synonyms: antimony (III) oxide,
Molecular formula: Sb2O3
CAS No.: 1309-64-4
Appearance: white powder
Molecular weight: 291.5
Melting point: 656 °C
Boiling point: 1425 °C
Vapour density: 10 (air = 1)
Specific gravity: 5.2
Density (g cm-3): 5.7
Chemical formula: Sb2O3
Molar mass: 291.518 g/mol
Appearance: white solid

Odor: odorless
Density: 5.2 g/cm3, α-form
5.67 g/cm3 β-form
Melting point: 656 °C (1,213 °F; 929 K)
Boiling point: 1,425 °C (2,597 °F; 1,698 K) (sublimes)
Solubility in water: 370±37 µg/L between 20.8 °C and 22.9 °C
Solubility: soluble in acid
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −69.4×10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 2.087, α-form
2.35, β-form
Structure:
Crystal structure: cubic (α) < 570 °C
orthorhombic: (β) > 570 °C
Coordination geometry: pyramidal
Dipole moment: zero

Molecular Weight: 291.52 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Exact Mass: 291.79277 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 289.79237 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 3Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 5
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 5
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Compound Formula: O3Sb2
Molecular Weight: 291.52
Appearance: white solid
Melting Point: 656 °C
Boiling Point: 1425 °C (sublimes)
Density: 5.2 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O: N/A
Exact Mass: 368.016 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 289.792388 Da
Boiling Point: 1550°C (sublimation)
Melting Point: 656°C
Color: White
Physical Form: Powder
Assay Percent Range: 99.6% min (Metal basis)

Solubility Information: Poor solubility in water.
Slowly dissolves in warm HCl or warm KOH solutions.
Formula Weight: 291.5
Odor: Odorless
Appearance: White powder
Density: 5.67
Chemical Name or Material: Antimony(III) oxide
Linear Formula: Sb2O3
MDL Number: MFCD00011214
EC No.: 215-175-0
Beilstein/Reaxys No.: N/A
Pubchem CID: 27652
IUPAC Name: oxo(oxostibanyloxy)stibane
SMILES: O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O
InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/3O.2Sb
InchI Key: ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N



FIRST AID MEASURES of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
-If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
-In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
-In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
-If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use safety glasses.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
Protective clothing.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ANTIMONY (III) OXIDE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available


ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE
Antimony Trioxide Production and properties of Antimony Trioxide Global production of Antimony trioxide in 2012 was 130,000 tonnes, an increase from 112,600 tonnes in 2002. China produces the largest share followed by US/Mexico, Europe, Japan and South Africa and other countries (2%). As of 2010, Antimony trioxide was produced at four sites in EU27. It is produced via two routes, re-volatilizing of crude Antimony trioxide and by oxidation of antimony metal. Oxidation of antimony metal dominates in Europe. Several processes for the production of crude Antimony trioxide or metallic antimony from virgin material. The choice of process depends on the composition of the ore and other factors. Typical steps include mining, crushing and grinding of ore, sometimes followed by froth flotation and separation of the metal using pyrometallurgical processes (smelting or roasting) or in a few cases (e.g. when the ore is rich in precious metals) by hydrometallurgical processes. These steps do not take place in the EU but closer to the mining location. Re-volatilizing of crude Antimony trioxide Step 1) Crude stibnite is oxidized to crude Antimony trioxide using furnaces operating at approximately 500 to 1,000 °C. The reaction is the following: 2 Sb2S3 + 9 O2 → 2 Sb2O3 + 6 SO2 Step 2) The crude Antimony trioxide is purified by sublimation. Oxidation of antimony metal Antimony metal is oxidized to Antimony trioxide in furnaces. The reaction is exothermic. Antimony trioxide is formed through sublimation and recovered in bag filters. The size of the formed particles is controlled by process conditions in furnace and gas flow. The reaction can be schematically described by: 4 Sb + 3 O2 → 2 Sb2O3 Properties of Antimony Trioxide Antimony trioxide is an amphoteric oxide, it dissolves in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to give the meta-antimonite NaSbO2, which can be isolated as the trihydrate. Antimony trioxide also dissolves in concentrated mineral acids to give the corresponding salts, which hydrolyzes upon dilution with water. With nitric acid, the trioxide is oxidized to antimony(V) oxide. When heated with carbon, the oxide is reduced to antimony metal. With other reducing agents such as sodium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride, the unstable and very toxic gas stibine is produced. When heated with potassium bitartrate, a complex salt potassium antimony tartrate, KSb(OH)2•C4H2O6 is formed. Structure of Antimony Trioxide The structure of Sb2O3 depends on the temperature of the sample. Dimeric Sb4O6 is the high temperature (1560 °C) gas. Sb4O6 molecules are bicyclic cages, similar to the related oxide of phosphorus(III), phosphorus trioxide. The cage structure is retained in a solid that crystallizes in a cubic habit. The Sb-O distance is 197.7 pm and the O-Sb-O angle of 95.6°. This form exists in nature as the mineral senarmontite. Above 606 °C, the more stable form is orthorhombic, consisting of pairs of -Sb-O-Sb-O- chains that are linked by oxide bridges between the Sb centers. This form exists in nature as the mineral valentinite. Uses of Antimony Trioxide The annual consumption of Antimony trioxide in the United States and Europe is approximately 10,000 and 25,000 tonnes, respectively. The main application is as flame retardant synergist in combination with halogenated materials. The combination of the halides and the antimony is key to the flame-retardant action for polymers, helping to form less flammable chars. Such flame retardants are found in electrical apparatuses, textiles, leather, and coatings. Other applications of Antimony Trioxide: Antimony trioxide is an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels. Some specialty pigments contain antimony. Antimony trioxide is a useful catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and the vulcanization of rubber. Safety of Antimony Trioxide Antimony trioxide has suspected carcinogenic potential for humans. Its TLV is 0.5 mg/m3, as for most antimony compounds. No other human health hazards were identified for Antimony trioxide, and no risks to human health and the environment were identified from the production and use of antimony trioxide in daily life. Properties of Antimony Trioxide Chemical formula Sb2O3 Molar mass 291.518 g/mol Appearance white solid Odor odorless Density 5.2 g/cm3, α-form 5.67 g/cm3 β-form Melting point 656 °C (1,213 °F; 929 K) Boiling point 1,425 °C (2,597 °F; 1,698 K) (sublimes) Solubility in water 370 ± 37 µg/L between 20.8°C and 22.9°C Solubility soluble in acid Magnetic susceptibility (χ) -69.4·10−6 cm3/mol Refractive index (nD) 2.087, α-form 2.35, β-form Antimony trioxides are used as synergists to increase the activity of halogenated flame retardants by hindering the chain reaction of the flame gas phase through stepwise release of the halogenated radicals. Antimony trioxide (ATO) is commonly used as a co-synergist with halogenated flame retardants to enhance their effectiveness. Recent comprehensive genotoxicity studies and a critical review by the European Commission have indicated that, contrary to the indications of earlier less well authenticated studies, antimony trioxide is not a genotoxic carcinogen. No adverse health effects are expected from antimony trioxide, although there remains some uncertainty on a possible cancer hazard arising from inhalation of particles, where better data on particular exposure is required. However, in most cases, exposure is probably minor compared with exposure to antimony trioxide from other sources in the domestic and urban environment. Brominated organic compounds and antimony trioxide traditionally used in molding compounds as flame retardants are known to have deleterious impacts on the environment. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are also referred to as halogenated flame retardants due to the presence of bromine (Br−), which is considered a halogen. Halogens are nonmetal elements from Group 17 in the new periodic table including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. The other substance of concern in conventional flame-retardant systems is antimony trioxide. Antimony trioxides are used as synergists to increase the activity of halogenated flame retardants by hindering the chain reaction of the flame gas phase through stepwise release of the halogenated radicals. What is antimony trioxide? Antimony trioxide is a chemical used in the manufacture of some polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic, which is used to make food and beverage containers. These include ovenproof or microwavable plastic trays, as well as some plastic water bottles. Antimony trioxide is also added to some flame retardants to make them more effective in consumer products, including upholstered furniture, textiles, carpeting, plastics, and children’s products. As of January 2020, California has banned the sale and distribution of new upholstered furniture, replacement components of reupholstered furniture, foam in mattresses, and certain children’s products made for residential use if these products contain more than 0.1% of certain flame retardant-related chemicals, including antimony trioxide. How does exposure to antimony trioxide occur? Antimony trioxide can leach into food and beverages from some containers made with antimony trioxide that are exposed to high temperatures (especially above 110 °F). Antimony trioxide can migrate into air and dust from some products made with antimony trioxide. During pregnancy, antimony trioxide can pass from mother to baby. This chapter reviews the physical and chemical properties, toxicokinetics, toxicological, epidemiological, and exposure data on antimony trioxide. The subcommittee used that information to characterize the health risk from exposure to antimony trioxide. The subcommittee also identified data gaps and recommended research relevant for determining the health risk from exposure to antimony trioxide. Antimony trioxide, also known as antimony oxide or Sb2O3, is the most widely produced compound of elemental antimony. The nations that produce the most antimony trioxide are China, South Africa, Bolivia, Russia, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Typical applications for antimony trioxide include flame retardant synergist for use in plastics, rubber, paints, paper, textiles, and electronics; polyethylene terephthalate polymerization catalyst; a clarifying agent for glass; an opacifier for porcelain and enamel; and a white pigment for paint. When used as a flame retardant, antimony trioxide is often used in combination with halogenated compounds. Antimony trioxide is used as a synergist to enhance the activity of the halogenated flame retardant. In the absence of antimony trioxide about twice as much halogenated compound would be needed to reach the same level of flame retardancy. Antimony Trioxide is a white, odorless crystalline (sand-like) powder. It is used as a flame-proofing agent, in pigments and ceramics, to stain iron and copper, and to decolorize glass. What is Antimony Trioxide? Antimony trioxide is an industrial chemical and also occurs naturally in the environment. How is Antimony Trioxide used? In Canada, antimony trioxide is primarily used in combination with other compounds to provide flame retardant properties. Flame retardants used in household items such as mattress covers, furniture and carpets may contain antimony trioxide. Antimony trioxide is also used in the manufacturing of a plastic material known as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Antimony trioxide is both manufactured in and imported into Canada. Why did the Government of Canada assess Antimony Trioxide? Prior to the assessment, antimony trioxide was identified as a potential concern for human health based on its classification by international organizations as a substance that was found to cause cancer in laboratory animals, and based on a high potential for exposure (not including workplace exposures) to the general population of Canada. Antimony trioxide was also considered to be a priority for assessment of potential risks to the environment; therefore, potential environmental effects were also evaluated in this screening assessment. How are Canadians exposed to it? The general population is expected to be exposed to low levels of antimony trioxide from environmental media (soil, drinking water, ambient air), from food and from contact with household items such as mattress covers, furniture and carpets that may contain antimony trioxide. How is Antimony Trioxide released to the environment? Antimony trioxide may be released to the environment via landfills and wastewater treatment systems as a result of industrial processes and through the use and disposal of consumer products containing this substance. Combustion of coal, non-ferrous metal production (smelters), antimony mining and abrasion of automobile brake pads are also expected to result in releases of antimony trioxide to the environment. What are the results of the assessment? The Government of Canada has conducted a science-based evaluation of antimony trioxide, called a screening assessment. Screening assessments address potential for harm to the general population (not including workplace exposures) and the environment. The Government of Canada has concluded that antimony trioxide is not harmful to the health of the general population at current levels of exposure. Additionally, although antimony trioxide has the potential to remain in the environment for a long time, it is not expected to accumulate in organisms or cause harm to organisms; therefore, the Government of Canada has also concluded that antimony trioxide is not entering the environment in a quantity or under conditions that constitute a danger to the environment. About Antimony trioxide Antimony trioxide is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 tonnes per annum. Antimony trioxide is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing. Consumer Uses of Antimony Trioxide Antimony trioxide is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products and polymers. Other release to the environment of Antimony trioxide is likely to occur from: indoor use and outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives). Article service life of Antimony Trioxide Release to the environment of Antimony trioxide can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal), in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials. Other release to the environment of Antimony trioxide is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). Antimony trioxide can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators. Antimony trioxide can be found in products with material based on: fabrics, textiles and apparel (e.g. clothing, mattress, curtains or carpets, textile toys), plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones), metal (e.g. cutlery, pots, toys, jewellery), leather (e.g. gloves, shoes, purses, furniture), stone, plaster, cement, glass or ceramic (e.g. dishes, pots/pans, food storage containers, construction and isolation material), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys), wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys) and paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper). Widespread uses by professional workers of Antimony Trioxide Antimony trioxide is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, inks and toners, polymers, textile treatment products and dyes, pH regulators and water treatment products, lubricants and greases and paper chemicals and dyes. Antimony trioxide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, textile, leather or fur, wood and wood products, rubber products and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement). Release to the environment of Antimony trioxide can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal). Other release to the environment of Antimony trioxide is likely to occur from: indoor use, outdoor use resulting in inclusion into or onto a materials (e.g. binding agent in paints and coatings or adhesives), outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment). Formulation or re-packing of Antimony Trioxide Antimony trioxide is used in the following products: polymers, coating products, laboratory chemicals and semiconductors. Antimony trioxide has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates). Release to the environment of Antimony trioxide can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, manufacturing of the substance and as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates). Uses at industrial sites of Antimony Trioxide Antimony trioxide is used in the following products: polymers, laboratory chemicals, coating products, semiconductors, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and inks and toners. Antimony trioxide has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates). Antimony trioxide is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and municipal supply (e.g. electricity, steam, gas, water) and sewage treatment. Antimony trioxide is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, machinery and vehicles, plastic products, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement), electrical, electronic and optical equipment and textile, leather or fur. Release to the environment of Antimony trioxide can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation of mixtures, formulation in materials, manufacturing of the substance and as processing aid. Manufacture of Antimony Trioxide Release to the environment of Antimony trioxide can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation in materials, in the production of articles and formulation of mixtures. Antimony Trioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O4. This material, which exists as the mineral cervantite, is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. The material, with empirical formula SbO2, is called antimony tetroxide to signify the presence of two kinds of Sb centers. Antimony trioxide, together antimony tetroxide and antimony pentoxide, are the current three compounds forming between antimony and oxygen with industrial application. Antimony can form a series of oxide with oxygen such as Sb2O3, Sb2O4, Sb2O5, Sb6O13, and Sb2O as well as gaseous SbO. However, only the first three compounds have significance in industrial production with other oxides mostly being the transition product of various kinds of antimony production process. Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3, Mr291.50) is a dual-type substance including cubic crystal and monoclinic crystal type. For different crystal form, the density and refractive index also slightly differ. The density and refractive index of cubic crystal is 5.2 and 2.087, respectively while is 5.67 and 2.18 for the monoclinic crystal, respectively. The Sb2O3 commonly derived from hydrolysis of SbCl3 is rhombic crystal can burn to red heat in an inert gas or in vacuum and can generate square crystal upon sublimation. Antimony trioxide is a kind of white powder with the density being 5.67g/cm3. It becomes yellow when being heated and turn back to white upon being cooled. Upon 656 ℃, it can be molten into yellow or gray liquid with becoming white asbestos-like mercerizing substance. Antimony trioxide is slightly soluble in water, ethanol and dilute acid, easily soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid, and is also soluble in fuming nitric acid and fuming sulfuric acid; it form antimonite upon be dissolved in alkali. Antimony trioxide has a low toxicity but has irritation effect on nose, eyes, throat and respiratory tract. Skin contact may induce dermatitis. Antimony trioxide mainly has two preparation methods including dry and wet. Dry method is through reducing the crude sulfur trioxide generated from the calcined sulfantimonide ore into metallic antimony in the presence of coke with soda as the melting promoting agent. The wet method is through leaching sulfur antimony ore with hydrochloric acid to generate antimony trichloride and further hydrolysis with caustic soda to obtain it. Antimony trioxide is a widely used flame retardant suitable to being used for polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane and other plastics. However, it has low flame retardant effect when being used alone. Instead it has good synergistic effect when being used in combination with phosphates, chlorine-containing compounds (such as chlorinated paraffins, PCBs, perchloro-glutar-cyclodecane etc.), bromine-containing compounds (such as Hexabromobiphenyl, Hexabromobenzene) with the flame retardant performance being improved significantly. Combining of antimony trioxide with chloride or bromide can result in antimony trichloride or antimony bromide which is reactive and volatile substances which can promote the halogen movement and generation of carbides in its solid form as well as capturing free radicals in its gas form. These reactions can all contribute to flame retardancy. It is always combined with zinc oxide, sodium hydroxide, etc. to be used as brominated synergist flame retardant synergist for being applied to plastic fire prevention system. Antimony trioxide can also be used in the manufacture of antimony potassium tartrate, pigments, porcelain enamels, dyes and other media. It can also be used as a catalyst for polyester poly-condensation. Add the ammonia into the boiling liquid of antimony potassium (one part of antimony potassium tartrate K (SbO) C4H4O6 is dissolved in 10 parts of water); boil for a period of time, filtered, wash to give antimony trioxide. Among them, only trace amounts of silicon, magnesium has been detected from the antimony trioxide generated from the hydrolysis method through spectroscopy qualitative analysis. It is suitable as spectral analysis standard. Add 15 g of analytic purity grade antimony trioxide to the 500 mL beaker, further add 30ml of high purity hydrochloric acid (1 + 1), and dissolve it under stirring. Filter the solution with washed sand glass funnel to remove insoluble impurities. Further dilute it to 400 mL with high purity water when white chlorine oxide antimony is precipitated. Once the solution becomes clear, decant the supernatant liquid and wash the precipitate through decantation for several times. To the washed precipitate, add 200 mL of high-purity ammonia (1 + 25) and boil for 5~10min, when the antimony oxychloride all becomes antimony trioxide. The generated antimony trioxide particle is much smaller than the antimony oxychloride. Pour out the clearing solution and boil again for several times using the same method in dilute ammonia. Check the washed solution with silver nitrate; when the poured liquid no longer contains chlorine ions, all the antimony oxychloride has been completely converted to antimony trioxide. Then use high-purity water decantation for wash the precipitate for several times. Use Buchner funnel for filtration and then wash the precipitate with high purity water until the washed liquid becomes neutral again. The washed precipitate is dried in an oven at 150 ℃ to constant weight; take it out after cooling to get the final product of antimony trioxide. Preparation Antimony trioxide is obtained by roasting stibnite: 2 Sb2S3 + 9 O2 → 2Sb2O3 + 6SO2 Temperature and air feed is carefully controlled in the process to suppress any formation of antimony tetroxide (Sb2O4). Antimony trioxide is separated from any arsenic trioxide (As2O3) that may be present as an impurity by volatilization, as the latter is much more volatile than the former. It may be also prepared by alkaline hydrolysis of antimony trichloride and subsequent dehydration of hydrous oxide under controlled heating (rapid or vigorous heating may partially oxidize Sb(III) to Sb(V). Antimony trioxide also may be made by heating the metallic element with oxygen or air. The volatilizing trioxide is condensed and collected. General Description Diantimony trioxide is a white crystalline solid. Diantimony trioxide is insoluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Diantimony trioxide is used to fireproof fabrics, paper and plastics, as a paint pigment and for many other uses.
ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE
Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) is a slightly soluble, white crystalline powder.
Antimony Trioxide is produced by smelting antimony-containing ores or reacting antimony trichloride with water.
Antimony is not abundant in the earth’s crust.


CAS: 1309-64-4
EC Number: 215-175-0
Chemical Formula: Sb₂O₃
Hill Formula: O₃Sb₂


Antimony Trioxide is a white, odorless crystalline (sand-like) powder.
Antimony trioxide, also known as antimony oxide or Sb2O3, is the most widely produced compound of elemental antimony.
The nations that produce the most antimony trioxide are China, South Africa, Bolivia, Russia, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan.


Antimony Trioxide is an inorganic compound of the formula Sb2O3.
This is the most important commercial compound of antimony.
Antimony Trioxide exists in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite.


Like most polymer oxides, Antimony Trioxide dissolves in aqueous solutions by hydrolysis.
Mixed oxides of arsenic and antimony occur naturally in the very rare mineral stibioclaudetite.
Antimony trioxide is the chemical compound with the formula Sb2O3. Antimony Trioxide is the most important commercial compound of antimony.


Antimony Trioxide is found in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite.
Antimony is a metallic element with the chemical symbol Sb and atomic number 51.
Small amounts of antimony are found in the earth's crust.


Antimony Trioxide may also be referred to as diantimony trioxide (DAT), antimony oxide, or in manufacturing as antimony white.
Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) is a slightly soluble, white crystalline powder.
Antimony Trioxide is produced by smelting antimony-containing ores or reacting antimony trichloride with water.


Antimony is not abundant in the earth’s crust.
Antimony Trioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O3.
Antimony Trioxideis the most important commercial compound of antimony.


Antimony Trioxide is found in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite.
Like most polymeric oxides, Antimony Trioxide dissolves in aqueous solutions with hydrolysis.
A mixed arsenic-antimony oxide occurs in nature as the very rare mineral stibioclaudetite.


Antimony Trioxide is an indispensable synergist for halogenated flame retardants and an essential element for photovoltaic clarifiers.
Antimony(III) Oxide or Antimony Trioxide is a highly insoluble thermally stable Antimony source suitable for glass, optic and ceramic applications.
Antimony(III) Oxide is also available in pellets, pieces, powder, sputtering targets, tablets, and nanopowder (from American Elements' nanoscale production facilities).


We can also produce dust-free antimony trioxide and catalytic antimony trioxide.
Antimony Trioxide is the chemical compound with the formula Sb2O3.
Antimony Trioxide is the most important commercial compound of antimony.


Antimony trioxide is an inorganic compound.
Antimony Trioxide dissolves in aqueous solutions by hydrolysis.
Antimony Trioxide is a whitish powder and crystalline.


Antimony Trioxide is insoluble in nitric acid.
Antimony Trioxide can be used in the production of PET as a catalyst.
In same glasses Antimony Trioxide is an explanatory aid, in semiconductors it is an additive.


Antimony Trioxide is suitable to be preferred as a component in the manufacture of complex inorganic colored rutile pipments.
Antimony Trioxide is one of the most important commercial compounds.
The raw stat may become volatile again.


In same cases, Antimony Trioxide contains rich mining features.
Antimony Trioxide prevents foaming on the Windows.
Since Antimony Trioxide is flame retardant, added to colors, antimony trioxide looks even more vibrant.


Antimony Trioxide is usually available in various concentration. Special packaging requirements are available upon request.
Antimony Trioxide is stored in original packing and under conditions mentioned on the safety data sheet (SDS).
Antimony Trioxide is the most important commercial compound of antimony.


Antimony Trioxide is found in nature as the minerals valentinite and senarmontite and is mainly produced via the smelting of stibnite ore, which is oxidised to crude Sb2O3 using furnaces operating at approximately 850 to 1,000 °C.
When antimony reacts with air through heating, it forms an inorganic compound known as antimony trioxide.


Antimony trioxide is one of the essential compounds of antimony.
Antimony Trioxide is gray or white and exists in a cubic crystalline form.
Antimony Trioxide is also known as Atox B, Atox E, Antimony white, Flowers of Antimony, Blue star RG, and Antimony (III) oxide.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
Typical applications for Antimony Trioxide include flame retardant synergist for use in plastics, rubber, paints, paper, textiles, and electronics; polyethylene terephthalate polymerization catalyst; a clarifying agent for glass; an opacifier for porcelain and enamel; and a white pigment for paint.
When used as a flame retardant, antimony trioxide is often used in combination with halogenated compounds.


Antimony Trioxide is used as a synergist to enhance the activity of the halogenated flame retardant.
In the absence of Antimony Trioxide about twice as much halogenated compound would be needed to reach the same level of flame retardancy.
Antimony Trioxide is used mainly as a fire retardant in plastics, rubbers, textiles, paper, and paints.


Antimony Trioxide can also be used in ceramics, glass, pigments, lubricants, and in the manufacturing of chemical intermediates.
Antimony Trioxideis widely used as a fire retardant in the membranes of plastic industry ,the enclosures of electric devices and household electric appliances such as PVC, PP, PE, PS, ABS, PU, etc.


Antimony Trioxide is used as filling, covering agents and retardants for rubber, ceramics, enamels, fabrics, and fiber products.
Antimony Trioxide is used as pigments and retardants in oil paint and coating material industry.
Antimony Trioxide is used as retardants in synthetic resin and papers; Antimony Trioxide is used as catalytic agent in organic synthesis.


Antimony Trioxide is widely used as a fire retardant in the membranes of plastic industry ,the enclosures of electric devices and household electric appliances such as PVC, PP, PE, PS, ABS, PU, etc.
Antimony Trioxide is used as filling, covering agents and retardants for rubber, ceramics, enamels, fabrics, and fiber products.


Antimony Trioxide is used as pigments and retardants in oil paint and coating material industry.
Antimony Trioxide is used as retardants in synthetic resin and papers.
Antimony Trioxide is used as catalytic agent in organic synthesis.


Antimony Trioxide is used as a flame-proofing agent, in pigments and
ceramics, to stain iron and copper, and to decolorize glass.
Antimony oxide produces vapor-phase radical scavengers while used as flame retardant.


Antimony halides appear to form an important link in the radical scavenging cycle during flame retardancy.
Antimony trioxide(Sb2O3) and pentoxide(Sb2O5) are used along with halogen flame retardant additives or halogenated polymers due to their synergistic interaction arising from the formation of antimony trihalide.


As of January 2020, California has banned the sale and distribution of new upholstered furniture, replacement components of reupholstered furniture, foam in mattresses, and certain children’s products made for residential use if these products contain more than 0.1% of certain flame retardant-related chemicals, including antimony trioxide.


Antimony trioxide is a chemical added to some flame retardants to make them more effective in consumer products, including upholstered furniture, textiles, carpeting, plastics, and children’s products.
Antimony trioxide is also used to manufacture some polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic, which is used to make some ovenproof or microwavable plastic trays, as well as some plastic water bottles.


The annual consumption of Antimony Trioxide in the United States and Europe is approximately 10,000 and 25,000 tonnes, respectively.
The main application is as flame retardant synergist in combination with halogenated materials.
The combination of the halides and the antimony is key to the flame-retardant action for polymers, helping to form less flammable chars.


Such flame retardants are found in electrical apparatuses, textiles, leather, and coatings.
Antimony Trioxide is an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels.
Some specialty pigments contain antimony.


Antimony Trioxide is a useful catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and the vulcanization of rubber.
Antimony Trioxide is widely used as a flame retardant in plastics, rubber, textiles, chemical fibers, pigments, paints, paper, electronics and other industries, and as a defoamer for melting glass to remove bubbles.


Antimony Trioxide is used as a catalyst in polyester fiber.
Antimony Trioxide is used as covering agent and whitening agent in enamel and ceramic products.
Antimony Trioxide is used as a catalyst for polycondensation of ethylene terephthalate


Photovoltaic glass: Antimony Trioxide is used as clarifier in photovoltaic glass
Ceramics: Antimony Trioxide is used as opacifiers or color bodies in ceramics
Typically Antimony Trioxide is used as a flame retardant synergist in plastics, paints, adhesives, sealants, textiles, rubber and electronics.


Antimony Trioxide is also used in glass as a refining agent to decolorize and degasify the glass.
Antimony Trioxide is used flame retardant for textiles, polymers, and coatings.
Antimony Trioxide is used opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels.


Antimony Trioxide is used pigment antimony white.
The main application of Antimony Trioxide is as flame retardant synergist in combination with halogenated materials.
The combination of the halides and the antimony is key to the flame-retardant action for polymers, helping to form less flammable chars.


Such flame retardants are found in electrical apparatuses, textiles, leather, and coatings.
Antimonious oxide is widely used as a flame retardant for rubber and plastic materials.
In its pure state Antimony Trioxide is used in pharmaceutical products.


In the chemical industry Antimony Trioxide is used as an intermediate for the preparation of metallic antimony; in the glass industry it is used to de-colourise glass, in the ceramic industry and in galvanic technology
Antimony Trioxide is used as a polyester catalyst.


Antimony Trioxide is mainly used as polyester polycondensation catalyst.
More than 80% of Antimony Trioxide is used as a flame retardant additive for various type of plastics, rubbers, and fibers, with the balance used mainly for polyester polymerization catalysts, variable resistors, decolorizing and fining of optical lenses, and as pigments.


The use of small quantities of Antimony Trioxide for plastics together with halogenated compound is a common and efficient method to obtain flame retardant effectiveness without detracting from the original properties of the plastics.
Antimony Trioxide is mainly used as a flame retardant.


-Flame retardant:
Antimony Trioxide is an indispensable synergist for halogen flame retardants, which increases flame retardancy.
As a flame retardant, Antimony Trioxide is widely used in plastics, rubber, adhesives, sealing rings, textiles, chemical fibers, pigments, paints, paper, electronics, etc. industry


-Other applications of Antimony Trioxide:
*To obtain pure antimony.
*Antimony (III) oxide is an opacifying agent for glasses, ceramics and enamels.
*Some specialty pigments contain antimony.
*Antimony (III) oxide is a useful catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET plastic) and the vulcanization of rubber.



IN WHICH AREAS IS ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE USED?
*PAINT INDUSTRY
*PLASTIC INDUSTRY
*ADHESIVES
*GLASS
*AMPOULE
*CABLE INDUSTRY
*CERAMIC AND ENAMEL
*AUTOMOTIVE
*TEXTILE INDUSTRY



PREPARATION OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
As the primary oxide of antimony, Antimony Trioxide is prepared by burning elemental antimony in air:
4Sb + 3O2 → 2Sb2O3
Alternatively, antimonide minerals can be roasted to give the same products.



STRUCTURE OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
The structure of Antimony Trioxide depends on the temperature of the sample.
Only at very high temperatures does the molecule Sb2O3 exist.
At moderate temperatures, the gas consists of Sb4O6.

These molecules are bicyclic cages, similar to the related oxide of phosphorus, phosphorus trioxide.
The cage structure is retained in a solid that crystallizes in a cubic habit.
The Sb-O distance is 1.977 Å and the O-Sb-O angle of 95.6°.

This materials exists in nature as the mineral senarmontite.
Below 606 °C, the more stable form of is orthorhombic, consisting of pairs -Sb-O-Sb-O- chains that are linked by oxide bridges between the Sb centers.
This form exists in nature as the mineral valentinite.

Antimony trioxide is an amphoteric oxide, dissolving in alkaline solution to give antimonites and in acid solution to given a range of polyantimonous acids.
Antimony Trioxide can be readily oxidized to antimony pentoxide or other antimony(V) compounds, but is also easily reduced to antimony, sometimes with production of stibine.



PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
In 2012, global Antimony Trioxide production was 130,000 tonnes, up from 112,600 tonnes in 2002.
China produces the largest share, followed by the US/Mexico, Europe, Japan, South Africa and other countries (2%).
As of 2010, antimony(III) oxide was produced at four locations in the EU27.

Antimony Trioxide is produced by two routes: revolatilization of crude antimony(III) oxide and oxidation of metal antimony.
In Europe, oxidation of antimony metal is the mainstream.
Several processes for producing crude antimony(III) oxide or antimony metal from virgin materials.

Process selection depends on ore composition and other factors.
Typical steps include mining, crushing, and crushing of the ore, sometimes followed by foam flotation and metal separation using pyrometallurgical processes (refining or roasting), sometimes In some cases (e.g. when the ore is rich in precious metals) the metals are separated by hydrometallurgical processes.
These procedures take place close to the mining site, not in the EU.



ALTERNATIVE PARENTS OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
*Inorganic antimony salts
*Metalloid salts
*Inorganic oxides



SUBSTITUENTS OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
*Metalloid oxide
*Inorganic antimony salt
*Inorganic oxide
*Inorganic salt
*Inorganic metalloid salt



OTHER ANIONS OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
*Antimony trisulfide
*Antimony triselenide
*Antimony telluride



OTHER CATIONS OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
*Dinitrogen trioxide
*Phosphorus trioxide
*Arsenic trioxide
*Bismuth trioxide



RELATED COMPOUNDS OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
*Diantimony tetraoxide
*Antimony pentoxide



PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
Global production of Antimony Trioxide in 2012 was 130,000 tonnes, an increase from 112,600 tonnes in 2002.
China produces the largest share followed by US/Mexico, Europe, Japan and South Africa and other countries (2%).

As of 2010, Antimony Trioxide was produced at four sites in EU27.
Antimony Trioxide is produced via two routes, re-volatilizing of crude antimony(III) oxide and by oxidation of antimony metal.
Oxidation of antimony metal dominates in Europe.

Several processes for the production of crude Antimony Trioxide or metallic antimony from virgin material.
The choice of process depends on the composition of the ore and other factors.

Typical steps include mining, crushing, and grinding of ore, sometimes followed by froth flotation and separation of the metal using pyrometallurgical processes (smelting or roasting) or in a few cases (e.g. when the ore is rich in precious metals) by hydrometallurgical processes.
These steps do not take place in the EU but closer to the mining location.
Re-volatilizing of crude Antimony Trioxide:

Step 1)
Crude stibnite is oxidized to crude Antimony Trioxide using furnaces operating at approximately 500 to 1,000 °C.
The reaction is the following:
2 Sb2S3 + 9 O2 → 2 Sb2O3 + 6 SO2

Step 2)
The crude Antimony Trioxide is purified by sublimation.
Oxidation of antimony metal:
Antimony metal is oxidized to Antimony Trioxide in furnaces.
The reaction is exothermic.

Antimony Trioxide is formed through sublimation and recovered in bag filters.
The size of the formed particles is controlled by process conditions in furnace and gas flow.
The reaction can be schematically described by:
4 Sb + 3 O2 → 2 Sb2O3



PROPERTIES OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
Antimony Trioxide is an amphoteric oxide.
Antimony Trioxide dissolves in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to give the meta-antimonite NaSbO2, which can be isolated as the trihydrate.
Antimony Trioxide also dissolves in concentrated mineral acids to give the corresponding salts, which hydrolyzes upon dilution with water.
With nitric acid, the trioxide is oxidized to antimony(V) oxide.

When heated with carbon, the oxide is reduced to antimony metal.
With other reducing agents such as sodium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride, the unstable and very toxic gas stibine is produced.
When heated with potassium bitartrate, a complex salt potassium antimony tartrate, KSb(OH)2•C4H2O6, is formed.



ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE STRUCTURE:
The structure of Sb2O3 depends on the temperature of the sample. Dimeric Sb4O6 is the high temperature (1560 °C) gas.
Sb4O6 molecules are bicyclic cages, similar to the related oxide of phosphorus(III), phosphorus trioxide.
The cage structure is retained in a solid that crystallizes in a cubic habit.
The Sb-O distance is 197.7 pm and the O-Sb-O angle of 95.6°.

This form exists in nature as the mineral senarmontite.
Above 606 °C, the more stable form is orthorhombic, consisting of pairs of -Sb-O-Sb-O- chains that are linked by oxide bridges between the Sb centers.
This form exists in nature as the mineral valentinite.



STRUCTURE OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
Antimony Trioxide structure varies depending on the temperature of the sample.
For instance, dimeric Sb4O6 is discovered under high temperatures.
The Sb4O6 molecules appear as bicyclic cages that look the same as related oxides of phosphorous trioxide and phosphorous (III).
This cage structure of Antimony Trioxide is maintained in a cubic habit.
A more stable orthorhombic form with pairs of Sb-O chains is discovered if Antimony Trioxide is exposed to temperatures below 606 °C.



FLAME RETARDANCY, ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
A significant amount of Antimony Trioxide produced annually goes to enhance flame retardancy.
Antimony Trioxide is added to certain flame retardants, making them efficient in consumer products such as textiles, upholstered furniture, children’s products, and plastics.

In its physical state, Antimony Trioxide has no flame-retardant properties.
However, when combined with other compounds, Antimony Trioxide acts as a synergist.
Typically, Antimony Trioxide combines with halogenated compounds to create chemical compounds with flame retardant properties.

The process involves:
Stopping the thermal decomposition reaction under gas
Sealing against oxygen
The carbonaceous char is formed under the solid phase

PET production:
Antimony trioxide is also used as a catalyst in producing polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Polyethylene terephthalate is a polymer commonly used in bottles, films, and synthetic fibers.
It is also among the most popular materials in the beverage and food packaging industry.

It is a suitable material because it is lightweight and impermeable to CO2.
As with other compounds in PET, antimony can be used to migrate water into the bottles.
However, current legislation establishes migration limits for antimony trioxide and other compounds.

The amount of antimony used in the preparation of PET may range from 100-300 mg/kg.
This implies that a one-liter bottle can contain 3-9 milligrams of antimony.
The high amount shows that the set limits can exceed if total migration occurs.
For that reason, further studies have been carried out to determine the leaching or migration of the substance.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
The inorganic compound, Antimony Trioxide, has a density of 5.7 g cm3 and a vapor density of 10 (air = 1).
The boiling point of Antimony Trioxide is 1425°C, and the melting point of Antimony Trioxideis 1425°C.
Antimony Trioxide is only soluble with hydrolysis, where it forms an aqueous solution.
However, Antimony Trioxide is marginally water soluble.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
CAS number: 1309-64-4
EC index number: 051-005-00-X
EC number: 215-175-0
Hill Formula: O₃Sb₂
Chemical formula: Sb₂O₃
Molar Mass: 291.52 g/mol
HS Code: 2825 80 00
Molar Mass: 291.52 g/mol
Boiling point: 1550 °C (1013 hPa)
Density: 5.2 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Melting Point: 655 °C (sublimed)
Vapor pressure: 13.3 hPa (660 °C)
Bulk density: 800 - 1300 kg/m3
Solubility: 2.70 mg/l
Physical state: powder
Color: No data available
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 655 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 1.550 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): The product is not flammable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: Not applicable
Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 0,0287 g/l at 20 °C
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not applicable for inorganic substances
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: ca.5,2 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: 5,9 at 24 °C
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available

Chemical formula: Sb2O3
Molar mass: 291.518 g/mol
Appearance: white solid
Odor: odorless
Density: 5.2 g/cm3, α-form, 5.67 g/cm3 β-form
Melting point: 656 °C (1,213 °F; 929 K)
Boiling point: 1,425 °C (2,597 °F; 1,698 K) (sublimes)
Solubility in water: 370 ± 37 µg/L between 20.8°C and 22.9°C
Solubility: soluble in acid
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -69.4·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 2.087, α-form, 2.35, β-form
Structure
Crystal structure: cubic (α)orthorhombic (β): >570 °C
Coordination geometry: pyramidal
Dipole moment: zero
Compound Formula: O3Sb2
Molecular Weight: 291.52
Appearance: white solid
Melting Point: 656 °C
Boiling Point: 1425 °C (sublimes)
Density: 5.2 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O: N/A
Exact Mass: 368.016 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 289.792388 Da



FIRST AID MEASURES of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the
surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood.
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
*Storage class:
Storage class (TRGS 510): 13: Non Combustible Solids



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Antimony(III) oxide
Antimony sesquioxide
Antimonous oxide
Flowers of Antimony
Antimony sesquioxide, Antimonous oxide, Flowers of Antimony


ANTIOXIDANT BHT
Antioxidant BHT is an organic compound that is used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industry as an antioxidant.
Antioxidant BHT is a substituted derivative of phenol.
Antioxidant BHT helps to prevent the formation of free radicals and oxidation.


CAS Number: 128-37-0
EC Number: 204-881-4
E number: E321 (antioxidants, ...)
Chemical formula: C15H24O



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Antioxidant BHT is a phenolic antioxidant used in the preservation of a wide variety of products, including shelf-stable baked goods.
Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant for preventing spoilage of fats and oils in baked goods.
Antioxidant BHT is a synthetically aromatic organic compound derived from the reaction of 4-methoxyphenol and isobutylene, catalyzed by sulphuric acid.


Antioxidant BHT was patented in 1947.
Antioxidant BHT sometimes appears alone in a food, but often is used in combination with other chemicals that also have an antioxidant activity, including BHA, PG, TBHQ, citric acid, phosphoric acid, and ascorbic acid.


Antioxidant BHT's effectiveness increases with the addition of synergists.
Antioxidant BHT is an organic compound that is used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industry as an antioxidant.
Antioxidant BHT is a substituted derivative of phenol.


Antioxidant BHT helps to prevent the formation of free radicals and oxidation.
A large review from 2002 concluded that Antioxidant BHT is safe for use on the skin in cosmetics.
Antioxidant BHT, a potent synthetic antioxidant sometimes used to help stabilize light- and air-sensitive cosmetic ingredients such as retinol and unsaturated fatty acids.


The amount of Antioxidant BHT uses in cosmetic products is typically 0.0002%-0.5%.
Such low amounts do not pose a risk to skin (indeed, the safety assessment found Antioxidant BHT was non-irritating) nor does it penetrate skin far enough to be absorbed into the bloodstream.


The European Union’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety concluded in December 2021 that “Antioxidant BHT is safe as an ingredient up to a maximum concentration of 0.8% in other leave-on and rinse-off products.”
Antioxidant BHT is a colorless crystal or white crystalline powder, odorless, tasteless.


Antioxidant BHT is soluble in ethanol (25%,25 ° C), acetone (40%), benzene (40%), soybean oil, cottonseed oil, insoluble in water, glycerol, propylene glycol.
Antioxidant BHT is a phenolic antioxidant used in the preservation of a wide variety of products, including shelf-stable baked goods.


Antioxidant BHT is an excellent general phenolic antioxidant, non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive, and has good storage stability.
Antioxidant BHT is an excellent general phenolic antioxidant, non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive, and has good storage stability.
Antioxidant BHT can inhibit or delay the oxidative degradation of plastics or rubber and prolong the service life.


Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant shown to be chemopreventive against a variety of carcinogens
Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant shown to be chemopreventive against a variety of carcinogens.
As an antioxidant, Antioxidant BHT acts as a free radical scavenger, binding to and neutralizing these highly reactive molecules in the body.


By doing so, Antioxidant BHT helps protect cells from damage and reduces oxidative stress, which can otherwise lead to cell damage.
Antioxidant BHT, is a fat-soluble substance recognized for its powerful antioxidant properties.
Antioxidant BHT is a lab-made chemical that is added to foods as a preservative.


Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant.
Antioxidant BHT may damage the protective outer layer of viral cells. This may keep the viruses from multiplying and/or doing more damage.
Antioxidant BHT, also known as dibutylhydroxytoluene, is a lipophilic organic compound, chemically a derivative of phenol, that is useful for its antioxidant properties.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Antioxidant BHT is listed by the NIH Hazardous Substances Data Bank under several categories in catalogues and databases, such as food additive, household product ingredient, industrial additive, personal care product/cosmetic ingredient, pesticide ingredient, plastic/rubber ingredient and medical/veterinary/research.


Antioxidant BHT is used as a preservative ingredient in some foods.
With this usage Antioxidant BHT maintains freshness or prevents spoilage; it may be used to decrease the rate at which the texture, color, or flavor of food changes.


Antioxidant BHT is also used as an antioxidant in products such as metalworking fluids, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, rubber, transformer oils, and embalming fluid.
In the petroleum industry, where Antioxidant BHT is known as the fuel additive AO-29, it is used in hydraulic fluids, turbine and gear oils, and jet fuels.


Antioxidant BHT is also used to prevent peroxide formation in organic ethers and other solvents and laboratory chemicals.
Antioxidant BHT is added to certain monomers as a polymerisation inhibitor to facilitate their safe storage.
Some additive products contain Antioxidant BHT as their primary ingredient, while others contain the chemical merely as a component of their formulation, sometimes alongside butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).


Antioxidant BHT is used in various cosmetic products, including certain formulas containing fats or in aqueous emulsions containing certain active ingredients or plant extracts.
Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant used in certain products to stabilise and protect the raw materials themselves, and less as an ingredient in and of itself.


Antioxidant BHT can resist high temperatures (unlike some natural antioxidants): it is therefore very useful in certain raw material manufacturing processes.
We only use Antioxidant BHT as an ingredient for its antioxidant properties, helping to protect the products from oxidation and ensure the quality and stability of formulas.


Antioxidant BHT is a human-made chemical used as a preservative in foods and cosmetics.
Antioxidant BHT is regularly used to preserve fats, color, texture, and oils in these products.
Antioxidant BHT is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and foods.


When used in food products, Antioxidant BHT delays oxidative rancidity of fats and oils, and prevents loss of activity of oil-soluble vitamins.
Antioxidant BHT may be found in pharmaceutical gels, creams and liquid or gelatin capsules, tablets and other pharmaceutical dosage forms.
The ability of oral Antioxidant BHT to lead to cancer is a controversial topic, but most food industries have replaced it with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).


Add Antioxidant BHT directly to the shortening, as well as to baked goods containing fats, to prevent fat rancidity.
Antioxidant BHT is not thermally stable.
Antioxidant BHT evaporates at a temperature below 100oC, and evaporates/decomposes completely at 250oC.


Antioxidant BHT has the least thermal resistance among synthetic antioxidants like PG (propyl gallate), BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and TBHQ (tertiary-butyl hydroquinone).
Antioxidant BHT is a synthetic antioxidant commonly used in various industries for its ability to inhibit the oxidation of substances, thereby extending their shelf life and maintaining their quality.


Antioxidant BHT finds applications in rubber, food, and several other industries.
Printing Inks uses of Antioxidant BHT: Ink Stabilizer: Antioxidant BHT is used as an antioxidant in printing inks to prevent ink oxidation, which can lead to color changes and poor print quality.


Adhesives and Sealants uses of Antioxidant BHT: Oxidation Inhibitor: Antioxidant BHT can be added to adhesives and sealants to improve their shelf life and resistance to aging, ensuring that they remain effective and durable.
Antioxidant BHT is a stabiliser that can be found in cosmetic products.


Antioxidant BHT acts as an antioxidant that helps maintain the properties and performance of a product as it is exposed to air (to avoid a change in odor, in color, in texture...).
Antioxidant BHT is a versatile and highly effective anti-oxidant used to protect vegetable oils, butters such as (shea and cocoa) and finished products such as creams, balms and lotions from the effects of oxidation.


Antioxidant BHT is normally used at a rate of 0.05 - 0.2% depending on the oil or product to be protected.
Antioxidant BHT is used as rubber, plastic antioxidant, gasoline, transformer oil, turbine oil, animal and vegetable oil, food and other antioxidants
Antioxidant BHT has light, thermal stability, heating can be volatilized with water vapor, the metal ion does not change color.


Antioxidant BHT is 2, 6-ditert-butyl (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol.
The content of C15H240 of Antioxidant BHT shall not be less than 98.5% calculated as anhydrous.
Antioxidant BHT is a non-staining, hindered phenolic antioxidant that protects polymer against heat and oxygen.


Antioxidant BHT exhibits high reactivity with free radicals, due to which it makes an efficient peroxide retarder to remove initial peroxide radicals formed and slows scorch time.
Antioxidant BHT is used in elastomers like block copolymer, SBR, EPDM, NBR, CR, natural- and synthetic rubber.


Antioxidant BHT also finds applications in PP, polyols, ABS, LDPE, HDPE, PS, PVC, polybutylene and hydrocarbon resin.
Antioxidant BHT is suitable in fatty acids, transmission fluids, transformer-, lubricating-, synthetic- and specialty oils.
Recommended dosage level of Antioxidant BHT in peroxide retarder is 0.25-0.50 phr, for the general purpose is 0.5-4 phr and is complies with US FDA.


Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant for use in cosmetics and fragrance products, such as perfume.
Antioxidant BHT dissolves in DPG, alcohol, vegetable oil and the like, but not or hardly in water.
When used in a product that mainly consists of water, you can first dissolve Antioxidant BHT in, for example, DPG and then use this mixture.


The usual dose of Antioxidant BHT is 0.1%, or 1 gram per kilogram.
In perfumes Antioxidant BHT is best to dissolve the BHT in the mixture of fragrances (concentrate), it usually dissolves better in it than in alcohol.
Many fragrances already contain Antioxidant BHT or another antioxidant.


Use Antioxidant BHT in products that are sensitive to oxygen from the air, such as perfumes, fragrances, creams (in the fat phase) and oily cosmetics.
Antioxidant BHT can be used in chewing gum, meat products, cereals, snack foods, beer, etc.
Antioxidant BHT is a synthetic antioxidant used as a preservative in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.


Antioxidant BHT is also used as a dietary supplement to help protect against oxidative damage.
Antioxidant BHT is a substance used to preserve food by retarding deterioration, rancidity, or discoloration due to oxidation.
Antioxidant BHT appears as white crystals or a crystalline powder.


Antioxidant BHT is suitable for polyolefin and olefin copolymer, polycarbonate, polyamide and other engineering plastics, rubber and elastomer, coatings and adhesives.
Antioxidant BHT is used in all kinds of general plastic, rubber, elastomer and oil products.


Antioxidant BHT is suitable for all kinds of animal, and vegetable oil products and other kinds of grain and oil foods, snack foods, food packaging materials, and food-grade plastic products.
Antioxidant BHT is widely used in all kinds of cosmetics, and all kinds of sporting goods, and replace industrial-grade antioxidants (T501) widely used in industrial and engineering plastic products, PU paste, polyether, high-grade paints and coatings, anti-corrosion materials, etc.


Antioxidant BHT is also for lubricating oil, secondary processing gasoline, paraffin, mineral oil, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, ABS resin, polyester, cellulose resin, and foam stabilizers antioxidant.
Antioxidant BHT is a non-polluting antioxidant stabilizer for natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, transformer oil, various types of latex products (especially white or light rubber products, latex).


Antioxidant BHT is a non-staining, hindered phenolic antioxidant commonly used in a wide variety of applications including plastics, elastomers, petroleum products, and food.
Antioxidant BHT is available in several physical forms, including crystalline.


Antioxidant BHT is used Rubber antioxidant and antiozonant.
Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant and used as preservative in foods, animal feed, animal and vegetable oils, petroleum products, rubber, and plastics.
BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and Antioxidant BHT are closely related synthetic antioxidants used as preservatives in lipsticks and moisturizers, among other cosmetics.


They are also widely used as food preservatives.
Antioxidant BHT is probably the most efficient anti-oxidant used in perfumery.
Antioxidant BHT is almost odourless in use but as a pure white to off-white crystalline powder has a very faint musty cresylic phenolic odour.


Antioxidant BHT is used from 0.1% in citrus oils, alipihatic aldehydes, fixed oils and many other oxygen sensitive materials, compounds and finished products it can greatly extend their shelf and odour life and also slow down, but not completely stop, colour changes.
Antioxidant BHT and Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) are among the main antioxidants of the world.


These products have a very wide usage area such as animal oils, vegetable oils, oils with high amount of solids, foods with low oil rate, sweets, essential oils and frying process foods.
Antioxidant BHT and BHA Antioxidants are used to prevent taste, color and smell deterioration of your food flavourers.


People also use Antioxidant BHT as medicine.
Antioxidant BHT is used to treat genital herpes and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Some people apply Antioxidant BHT directly to the skin for cold sores.


Antioxidant BHT is widely used to prevent free radical-mediated oxidation in fluids (e.g. fuels, oils) and other materials, and the regulations overseen by the U.S. F.D.A.—which considers Antioxidant BHT to be "generally recognized as safe"—allow small amounts to be added to foods.
Despite this, and the earlier determination by the National Cancer Institute that Antioxidant BHT was noncarcinogenic in an animal model, societal concerns over its broad use have been expressed.


Antioxidant BHT has also been postulated as an antiviral drug, but as of December 2022, use of Antioxidant BHT as a drug is not supported by the scientific literature and it has not been approved by any drug regulatory agency for use as an antiviral.


-Rubber Industry uses of Antioxidant BHT:
*Antioxidant in Rubber Products:
Antioxidant BHT is added to rubber compounds to prevent oxidation and degradation of rubber materials.

Rubber products, such as tires, belts, gaskets, and seals, are vulnerable to environmental factors like heat, oxygen, and UV radiation, which can cause them to crack and deteriorate.
Antioxidant BHT helps protect these rubber products from premature aging and deterioration.


-Food Industry uses of Antioxidant BHT:
*Food Preservative:
Antioxidant BHT is used as a food additive (E321) to extend the shelf life of various food products.
Antioxidant BHT is commonly added to oils and fats, such as cooking oils, to prevent them from becoming rancid due to oxidation.
Antioxidant BHT can also be found in a wide range of processed foods, including snacks, cereals, and baked goods, to prevent spoilage and maintain product freshness.


-Cosmetics and Personal Care Products uses of Antioxidant BHT:
*Antioxidant in Beauty Products:
Antioxidant BHT is used in cosmetics and personal care products, such as lotions, lip balms, and creams, to prevent the oxidative degradation of oils and other sensitive ingredients.
This helps maintain the quality and stability of these products over time.


-Pharmaceuticals uses of Antioxidant BHT:
*Stabilizer:
Antioxidant BHT is used in some pharmaceutical formulations to stabilize drug compounds that are susceptible to oxidation.
Antioxidant BHT helps maintain the efficacy and stability of certain medications.


-Plastics Industry uses of Antioxidant BHT:
*Polymer Stabilizer:
Antioxidant BHT is used as a polymer stabilizer in the plastics industry.
Antioxidant BHT helps prevent the degradation of plastics caused by exposure to heat and UV radiation, which can lead to discoloration and reduced mechanical properties.


-Petroleum Industry uses of Antioxidant BHT:
*Fuel and Lubricant Additive:
Antioxidant BHT is added to fuels and lubricants to prevent oxidation and degradation, which can lead to the formation of harmful deposits and a decrease in performance.
Antioxidant BHT is particularly useful in the aviation industry to maintain the quality of aviation fuels.



FEATURES AND USES OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Antioxidant BHT is widely used in industrial and engineering plastic products, PU slurry, polyether, high-grade paints and coatings, anti-corrosion materials; is lubricating oil, secondary processing gasoline, paraffin, mineral oil, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, ABS resin, polyester, cellulose resin, foam antioxidant stabilizer.

Antioxidant BHT is non-polluting antioxidant stabilizer for natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, neoprene, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, transformer oil, all kinds of latex products (especially white or light rubber products, latex products).
The mechanism of T501 is slightly less than food-grade Antioxidant BHT, the amount of addition should be higher than BHT.



FUNCTION OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Antioxidant BHT is used in foods that contain oil and fat.
Antioxidant BHT functions as an antioxidant for preventing spoilage of fats and oils in baked goods by binding oxygen molecules.
Oxygen molecules react preferentially with Antioxidant BHT rather than oxidizing the fats or oils. In addition, this action preserves food aroma, color, and flavor.



WHAT PRODUCTS HAVE ANTIOXIDANT BHT IN THEM?
Antioxidant BHT can be found in:
*Lip glosses
*Lotions
*Breakfast cereals
*Foods like preserved meats and chips
*Dehydrated foods
*Baked goods
*Snack foods
*Chewing gum
*Flavored products



NATURAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Phytoplankton, including the green algae Botryococcus braunii, as well as three different cyanobacteria (Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcystis aeruginosa and Oscillatoria sp.) are capable of producing Antioxidant BHT as a natural product.
The fruit lychee also produces Antioxidant BHT in its pericarp.
Several fungi (for example Aspergillus conicus) living in olives produce Antioxidant BHT.



PRODUCTION OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
*Industrial production
The chemical synthesis of Antioxidant BHT in industry has involved the reaction of p-cresol (4-methylphenol) with isobutylene (2-methylpropene), catalyzed by sulfuric acid:

CH3(C6H4)OH + 2 CH2=C(CH3)2 → ((CH3)3C)2CH3C6H2OH
Alternatively, Antioxidant BHT has been prepared from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by hydroxymethylation or aminomethylation followed by hydrogenolysis.



WHERE IS ANTIOXIDANT BHT USED?
Antioxidant BHT is a dietary supplement used as an antioxidant to help preserve food and cosmetics.
Antioxidant BHT is also used in some medicines to help prevent the breakdown of certain ingredients.



HOW IS ANTIOXIDANT BHT USED IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY?
Antioxidant BHT is a dietary supplement used in the food industry as an antioxidant to help preserve fats and oils.
Antioxidant BHT is used to prevent oxidation and rancidity in foods such as cereals, snack foods, and vegetable oils.
Antioxidant BHT is also used to help maintain the flavor and color of food products.



REACTIONS OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
The species behaves as a synthetic analog of vitamin E, primarily acting as a terminating agent that suppresses autoxidation, a process whereby unsaturated (usually) organic compounds are attacked by atmospheric oxygen.
Antioxidant BHT stops this autocatalytic reaction by converting peroxy radicals to hydroperoxides.
Antioxidant BHT effects this function by donating a hydrogen atom:

RO2• + ArOH → ROOH + ArO•
RO2• + ArO• → nonradical products
where R is alkyl or aryl, and where ArOH is Antioxidant BHT or related phenolic antioxidants.
Each Antioxidant BHT consumes two peroxy radicals.



HOW DOES ANTIOXIDANT BHT WORK?
Antioxidant BHT is an antioxidant.
Antioxidant BHT may damage the protective outer layer of viral cells. This may keep the viruses from multiplying and/or doing more damage.



WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT?
According to scientists, Antioxidant BHT may be able to eliminate the lipid ‘shields’ of external aggressions or make them permeable, enabling antibodies to successfully attack them.
Since it is fat-soluble, Antioxidant BHT should be taken with a meal that contains some element of fat (vegetable oil, cheese, butter or margarine) in order to improve absorption and bioavailability.



HOW TO TAKE ANTIOXIDANT BHT?
Take one vegetarian capsule a day with food containing some fat (example: butter, cheese, oil, etc.)



PROPERTIES OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Antioxidant BHT is a grey-white powder, with a slight musky odor.
Antioxidant BHT is more stable than many other used antioxidants such as tocopherol and therefore offers longer protection.
Antioxidant BHT has a fairly long shelf life.



SUSTAINABILITY OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Antioxidant BHT is a synthetic product, it is made from petrochemical raw materials.
Antioxidant BHT is poorly biodegradable in the environment. Because it is an effective antioxidant, Antioxidant BHT ensures that products last longer, even at a low dose.



PREPARATION METHOD OF ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
p-cresol and tert-butyl alcohol are dissolved by heating, and phosphoric acid is used as catalyst to react at a certain temperature.
The reaction product is washed with sodium hydroxide solution to alkaline first, then washed with water to neutral, and finally distilled, recrystallization provides dibutyl hydroxytoluene.
Or isobutylene mixed with cresol and concentrated sulfuric acid, reaction at a certain temperature for a certain time, and the crude product is neutralized, and then the crude product is dissolved in ethanol, adding thiourea, hot filtration, spin drying, obtained by drying.



ANTIOXIDANT BHT AT A GLANCE:
*The abbreviation for butylated hydroxytoluene 
*Potent synthetic antioxidant 
*Helps keep delicate ingredients stable 
*Considered safe as used in cosmetics



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
Chemical formula: C15H24O
Molar mass: 220.356 g/mol
Appearance: White to yellow powder
Odor: Slight, phenolic
Density: 1.048 g/cm3
Melting point: 70 °C (158 °F; 343 K)
Boiling point: 265 °C (509 °F; 538 K)
Solubility in water: 1.1 mg/L (20 °C)
log P: 5.32
Vapor pressure: 0.01 mmHg (20 °C)
MF:C15H24O
EINECS No.:204-881-4
Purity:98.0% MIN
Place of Origin:China
Type:rubber accelerators
Usage:Rubber Auxiliary Agents
CAS Number: 128-37-0

Chemical Formula: C15H24O
Molecular Weight: 220.35
Form: white powder
Density (g/cm3): 1.048
Melting Point: 69-71℃
Boiling Point: 265℃
CAS Number: 128-37-0
Chemical Formula: C15H24O
Molecular Weight: 220.35
Form: white powder
Physical state: powder, crystalline
Color: colorless
Odor: odorless
Melting point/freezing point:
Melting point/range: 69 - 73 °C - lit.

Initial boiling point and boiling range: 265 °C - lit.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: 127 °C - open cup
Autoignition temperature: > 400 °C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: No data available
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility 0,76 g/l at 20 °C - slightly soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water:
log Pow: 5,1
Vapor pressure 0,00 hPa at 25 °C

Density: 1,03 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: none
Other safety information: No data available
AS: 128-37-0
EINECS: 204-881-4
InChI: InChI=1/C15H24O/c1-10-8-11(14(2,3)4)13(16)12(9-10)15(5,6)7/h8-9,16H,1-7H3
InChIKey: NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Molecular Formula: C15H24O
Molar Mass: 220.35
Density: 1.048
Melting Point: 69-73°C(lit.)
Boling Point: 265°C(lit.)
Flash Point: 127 °C
Water Solubility: insoluble
Solubility: Soluble in toluene, soluble in acetone, ethanol, benzene,
ether, isopropanol, methanol, 2-butanone, ethylene glycol ether, petroleum ether and
other organic solutions, insoluble in water and alkali solution.
Vapor Presure: Vapor Density: 7.6 (vs air)
Appearance: Colorless crystalline or white crystalline powder
Color: white
Odor: faint characteristic odor

Exposure Limit ACGIH: TWA 2 mg/m3NIOSH: TWA 10 mg/m3
Merck: 14,1548
BRN: 1911640
pKa: pKa 14(H2Ot = 25c = 0.002 to 0.01) (Uncertain)
Storage Condition: 2-8°C
Stability: Stable, but light-sensitive.
Incompatible with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, brass, copper,
copper alloys, steel, bases, oxidizing agents.
Refractive Index: 1.4859
MDL: MFCD00011644
Physical and Chemical Properties:
Density: 1.048
melting point: 69-71°C
boiling point: 265°C
flash point: 127°C
water-soluble: insoluble



FIRST AID MEASURES of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult doctor if feeling unwell.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A-(P2)
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ANTIOXIDANT BHT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .



APPLE PEEL EXTRACT
Apple Peel extract helps lower blood cholesterol levels
Apple Peel extract also contains polyphenols with antioxidant effects.


Cas Number: 85251-63-4
EC Number: 286-475-7



SYNONYMS:
Apple, Malus sylvestris, ext., PYRUS MALUS (APPLE) FRUIT EXTRACT, Malussylvestrisextract, Apple extract (malus sylvestris), Einecs 286-475-7, Malus sylvestris ext., Malussylvestrisextract, Apple extract (malus sylvestris), Einecs 286-475-7, Apple, Malus sylvestris, ext., PYRUS MALUS (APPLE) FRUIT EXTRACT, Malus sylvestris ext., Malussylvestris, pyrus malus fruit juice, Apple, Malus sylvestris, ext., PYRUS MALUS (APPLE) FRUIT EXTRACT, Malussylvestrisextract, Apple extract (malus sylvestris), Einecs 286-475-7, Malus sylvestris ext.



Apple Peel Extract is made from Australian Granny Smith Apples.
The growing temperature ranges from -10 to 40 degrees celsius.


This unique climate creates a unique phenolic profile.
Evidence suggest that Apple Peel extract has a wide range of polyphenols having antioxidant activity and its consumption has been linked with improved health benefits.


Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a very effective drug for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) but it leads to cardiotoxicity mediated through alterations in various cardiac ion channels and by increasing the intracellular calcium level and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of methanolic extract of Apple Peel extract (APME) and aqueous extract of Apple Peel extract (APAE) on ATO (5 μM) induced toxicity in the H9c2 cardiac myoblast cell line.


We estimated the cellular status of innate antioxidant enzymes, level of ROS, mitochondrial superoxide, glutathione and intracellular calcium with ATO and Apple Peel extract extracts.
Prior to the cell line based study, we had evaluated the antioxidant potential of Apple Peel extract extract by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total reducing power (TRP), superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, in addition to quantifying total phenolic and flavonoid content.


Both the extracts showed considerable antioxidant activity in cell-free chemical assays.
In addition, both APME and APAE prevented the alteration in antioxidant status induced by ATO in H9c2 cells.


Significant differential alterations had been observed in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase, xanthine oxidase, calcium overload and caspase 3 activity with ATO.
The overall result revealed the protective property of polyphenol-rich Apple Peel extract extract against ATO induced cardiac toxicity via its antioxidant activity.



USES and APPLICATIONS of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
Cosmetic Uses of Apple Peel extract: antioxidants, skin conditioning, and skin protecting agents.



MEDICINE USES OF APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
Apple Peel extract helps lower blood cholesterol levels
Apple Peel extract also contains polyphenols with antioxidant effects.

Vitamin C, iron, boron, and so on including rich content.
These ingredients are one of the most important factors to make your bone structure healthy and strong.
Flavonoids and phenolic acids have been shown to be effective in preventing the development of tumors and cancerous cells.

These compounds are found in Apple Peel extract.
Sorbitol in the Apple Peel extract draws water to the colonic colon and prevents constipation
Vitamin A helps to improve eye vision and prevent eye disorders.



COSMETIC USES OF APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
*SKIN CARE:
Skin lightening, brightening and soothing potential.
This is because Apple Peel extract has the highest content in collagen and elastic content, which is vital to keep your skin flawless and youthful.

Apple Peel extract cleanses the skin while moisturizing.
Apple Peel extract is an excellent anti-aging mask.
Corrects acne, blemishes and bruises on the skin,


*HAIR CARE:
Apple Peel extract provides vitality and parking.



FOOD USES OF APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
Apple Peel extract is used as aroma donor,
Apple Peel extract is used as a natural colorant.
Apple Peel extract is used as food supplement,



VETERINARY MEDICINE USES OF APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
Apple Peel extract is prevention of intestinal problems,
Apple Peel extract is used ntioxidant,

Treatment of bone diseases,
Apple Peel extract is used as aroma donor.
Apple Peel extract contain concentrated amounts of phytonutrients – up to 6 times more than the flesh of the fruit


NUTRIENT DENSE!
Rich in fibre, Vitamin C, and made with a gentle low temperature air-drying process to ensure optimal nutritional integrity



WHAT IS APPLE PEEL EXTRACT?
Pyrus malus is the scientific name for the apple.
Apple-derived ingredients (Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fiber, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Flower Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Water, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Juice, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Leaf Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Oil, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Pectin Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Peel Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Peel Powder, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Peel Wax, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Root Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Seed Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Seed Oil, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Stem Extract) are obtained from the fruit, leaf, stem, root or flower of the plant
Pyrus malus.

In cosmetics and personal care products, the ingredients derived from Pyrus malus are used in the formulation of a wide variety of products including hair conditioners, hand and body lotions, and shampoos.



WHY IS APPLE PEEL EXTRACT USED?
The following functions have been reported for ingredients derived for Pyrus malus.
Antioxidant: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Peel Extract
Binder: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fiber

Cosmetic astringent: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit
Emulsion stabilizer: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fiber
Exfoliant: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Peel Powder

Fragrance ingredient: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Water
Skin conditioning agent -emollient: Pyrus Malus (Apple ) Seed Oil
Skin conditioning agent – miscellaneous: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Flower Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Juice, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Oil, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Root Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Seed Extract, Pyrus Malus (Apple) Stem Extract

Viscosity controlling agent: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fiber
Viscosity increasing agent – aqueous: Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fiber
Scientific Facts
The apple tree was perhaps the earliest tree to be cultivated, and apples have remained an important food in all cooler climates.



SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
Apples, the fruit of the plant from which these ingredients are derived, are listed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) among the 20 most commonly consumed fruits.
The FDA includes pectin, including pectin derived from apples, on its list of substances considered Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as direct food substances.

Botanical and botanically derived ingredients used in the formulation of cosmetics are generally mild and safe.
Prior to marketing the finished cosmetic product, the safety of each ingredient must be substantiated in accordance with 21 CFR 740.10.
Safety substantiation of cosmetic ingredients may include tests for ocular and skin irritation as well as allergenicity, phototoxicity, photoallergenicity and mutagenicity, depending on the application or intended use.

There is a considerable body of information about the safety of botanical ingredients and a well established history of use.
These resources are consulted to ensure the safety of these materials as they are used in cosmetics.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
Product Name: Apple Peel Extract / Apple Peel Extract
Botanical Name: Pyrus Malus
Pearl Name: Pyrus Malus Peel Extract
CAS No: 85251-63-4
EINECS: 286-475-7
Part Used: Shell
Harvest Time: Winter
Product Form: Powder
Production Method: Extraction
Resolution: Water / Oil
Botanical Name: Pyrus Malus
CAS: 89957-84-3
INCI: Pyrus Malus Extract
Description: 100% Apple Peel Extract

Production Methodology: Ethanol and Water Extraction
CAS Number: 85251-63-4
Chem/IUPAC Name: Pyrus Malus Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of
the Apple, Pyrus malus L., Rosaceae
EINECS/ELINCS No: 286-475-7
CAS Number: 85251-63-4
Molecular Weight: N/A
Density: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Molecular Formula: N/A
Melting Point: N/A
MSDS: N/A
Flash Point: N/A

Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Flash Point: N/A
Appearance: /Density: N/A
Refractive Index: N/A
Storage Temp.: N/ASolubility: N/ACAS DataBase Reference: Apple, Malus sylvestris, ext.
NIST Chemistry Reference: Apple, Malus sylvestris, ext.(85251-63-4)
EPA Substance Registry System: Apple, Malus sylvestris, ext.(85251-63-4)
CAS NO:85251-63-4
Molecular Formula:
Molecular Weight: 0
EINECS: 286-475-7
Product Categories: N/A
Mol File: 85251-63-4.mol



FIRST AID MEASURES of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of APPLE PEEL EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


APRICOT KERNEL OIL PEG-40 ESTERS
Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent émulsifiant : Favorise la formation de mélanges intimes entre des liquides non miscibles en modifiant la tension interfaciale (eau et huile) Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état. Tensioactif : Réduit la tension superficielle des cosmétiques et contribue à la répartition uniforme du produit lors de son utilisation
APRICOT KERNEL OIL POLYGLYCERYL-10 ESTERS
Nom INCI : AQUAMARINE EXTRACT Ses fonctions (INCI) Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
APRICOT SEED EXTRACT
Apricot Seed extract contains a high concentration of fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins and is considered to have emollient properties that can improve skin hydration.
Apricot Seed Extract is also a rich source of Vitamin C and A, known to help remove buildup from the surface of the skin and to keep it well-hydrated.


CAS Number: 29883-15-6
Botanical Name: Prunus armeniaca



SYNONYMS:
Apricot Kernel Extract, Prunus Armeniaca Seed Extract, Armeniacae Semen Extract, Prunus armeniaca Kernel Oil, Bitter Apricot Extract, Apricot Kernel Oil, Apricot Seed Oil, Armeniaca Extract,



Apricot Seed extract contains a high concentration of fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins and is considered to have emollient properties that can improve skin hydration.
Apricot Seed Extract is also a rich source of Vitamin C and A, known to help remove buildup from the surface of the skin and to keep it well-hydrated.


Apricot Seed Extract is an excellent addition to skin care formulations for exfoliating, cleansing, and moisturizing the skin.
With a plant-based origin, Propanediol is a biodegradable and petrochemical-free solvent that is NPA approved, making Apricot Seed extract an excellent corn sugar-derived alternative to petroleum-based Glycols for hair and skin care formulations.


Apricot Seed extract offers benefits and functionalities that include improved emollience, enhanced viscosity, non-irritating properties, exceptional sensory characteristics, clarity, and anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties, among many more.
The characteristic color of this botanical extract, Apricot Seed extract, imbues natural and organic cosmetic formulations with its innate hue.


This means that Apricot Seed extract colors that were formerly possible to obtain only through the use of artificial and often objectionable constituents can now be achieved through plant-based ingredients that impart not only their beneficial, skin health-enhancing properties but also their individual natural colors.


It is strongly recommended that small batch trials be conducted to determine the dosage required to achieve the desired shade imbued by the extract.
The original color of Apricot Seed Extract – Standardized is pale yellow to amber; however, there is a possibility of this color changing, depending on the formulation to which it is added.


Stable when stored Apricot Seed extract in a cool, dry place.
Apricot Seed extract contains a high concentration of fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins and is considered to have emollient properties that can improve skin hydration.


Apricot Seed extract is soluble in water, water-in-oil emulsion, surfactant, and alcohol.
Apricot Seed extract is also a rich source of Vitamin C and A, known to help remove buildup from the surface of the skin and to keep it well-hydrated.


Apricot Seed extract is an excellent addition to skin care formulations for exfoliating, cleansing, and moisturizing the skin.
Some research suggests that apricot kernels may have cancer-fighting properties.
The first use of Apricot Seed extract as a cancer treatment in the United States dates back to the 1920s.



USES and APPLICATIONS of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
Application of Apricot Seed extract: Food, Health Care Products, Daily Necessities, Cosmetics, Functional Drink
Recommended Usage Level of Apricot Seed extract is 1-3% in skincare products.



WHAT ARE APRICOT SEED EXTRACTS GOOD FOR?
5 HEALTH BENEFITS OF APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
Apricot Seed extract is highly nutritious and have several potential health benefits, with some people claiming that they can help fight cancer.

Scientists believe that amygdalin, a chemical found in apricot kernels, could be used to prevent cancer and kill cancer cells by inhibiting cell replication.
While Apricot Seed extract is high in protein, fiber, essential fatty acids, and other nutrients that can help prevent disease, the benefits and risks of apricot kernels are still being debated.



WHAT NUTRIENTS ARE IN APRICOT SEED EXTRACT?
Apricot kernels have been consumed for hundreds of years due to their nutritional and medicinal value.
Apricot Seed extract contains nutrients including:
*Amygdalin (vitamin B17)
*Vitamins A and C
*Vitamin E
*Pangamic acid (vitamin B15)
*Essential fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, omega-6s, and omega-3s)
*Carbohydrates
*Dietary fiber
*Protein
*Calcium
*Iron



5 POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
1. May have anticancer properties
Apricot kernels are high in antioxidants that protect cells from free radical damage, and studies have shown that Apricot Seed extract have anti-inflammatory properties.

In addition, one nutrient known for cancer prevention is vitamin B17, which is abundant in Apricot Seed extract.
Some people believe that Apricot Seed extract help kill cancer cells as soon as they form.


2. Promotes heart health
Although amygdalin receives the most attention when it comes to Apricot Seed extract, pangamic acid is another unique compound found in these seeds that have been linked to a lower risk of heart disease.

Pangamic acid has been linked to reducing stress on the cardiovascular system, particularly in the case of ischemic heart disease.
Some studies have also reported that consuming small amounts of Apricot Seed extract on a regular basis can lower blood pressure, thus lowering your risk of atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes.


3. Good for respiratory health
There is significant anecdotal evidence that Apricot Seed extract are linked to better respiratory health because they can cut through mucus and phlegm deposition in the respiratory tract.

The active ingredients in Apricot Seed extract act as an expectorant and make the body less sensitive to allergens, which can reduce the severity of asthma attacks and throat inflammation.


4. Improves digestive health
Apricot kernels are high in healthy fats as well as protein and fiber, a combination that promotes satiety.
In addition, Apricot Seed extract contain 5% fiber per seed, and fiber cleanses the digestive tract by helping remove toxins.

Dietary fiber can increase peristaltic motion in the gut, resulting in more regular bowel movements and a reduction in symptoms such as constipation, bloating, cramping, and diarrhea.
Dietary fiber can also help with nutrient absorption in the gut.


5. Beneficial for skin health
Apricot Seed extract has mild exfoliating properties that can help remove dead skin cells from your skin.
Apricot seed oil is high in essential fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) and vitamins A and E, which can moisturize and nourish dry skin.
It is commonly used in cosmetics, particularly creams, soaps, and skin lotions.

You can also mix powdered Apricot Seed extract with olive oil and apply it to the skin.
The oil absorbs quickly and does not leave an oily residue on the skin.
As a result, it is popular as a massage and sunbathing oil.



WHAT ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS OF APRICOT SEED EXTRACT?
Ground Apricot Seed extract and apricot seed extract are not controversial as supplements.
However, there is debate regarding the safety and effectiveness of using Apricot Seed extract for the treatment of cancer.



HOW MANY APRICOT SEED EXTRACT CAN YOU EAT A DAY?
Experts advise starting with 1 apricot seed per day and gradually increasing to no more than 5 per day.
Apricot kernels are considered harmless in small amounts, and they are included in many stone fruit jam recipes and biscuits because they provide a delightful almond- or marzipan-like flavor.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
CAS Number: 29883-15-6
Product Name: Apricot Seed Extract
Botanical Name: Prunus armeniaca
EINECS Number: [Information not available]
Physical Form: Powder / Liquid
Appearance: Brown powder or liquid
Odor: Characteristic apricot scent
Solubility: Generally soluble in ethanol and water-based solvents
Molecular Weight: Not applicable
Density: Not applicable
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Melting Point: Not applicable
Molecular Formula: Not applicable
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet): Not available
Flash Point: Not applicable



FIRST AID MEASURES of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of APRICOT SEED EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE)
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2S2O8.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) dissolves in water and decomposes by heat.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) appears as a white crystalline solid.


CAS Number: 7727-54-0
EC Number: 231-786-5
MDL number: MFCD00003390
Molecular Formula: H8N2O8S2 / (NH4)2S2O8 / [NH4]2S2O8



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APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a white crystalline solid.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a strong oxidizing agent.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) does not burn readily, but may cause spontaneous ignition of organic materials.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is generally immediately available in most volumes.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a strong oxidizing agent.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is very soluble in water; the dissolution of the salt in water is endothermic.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a radical initiator.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2S2O8.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a colorless (white) salt that is highly soluble in water, much more so than the related potassium salt.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is prepared by electrolysis of a cold concentrated solution of either ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate in sulfuric acid at a high current density
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a colorless, inorganic compound with the molecular formula (NH4)2S2O8.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate), a stable salt of peroxodisulfuric acid, is a strong, efficiently dosed oxidising agent and an excellent free radical generator in aqueous media.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is in the form of a colourless, odourless, crystalline powder.


Due to its high purity and low water content, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has good storage stability and enables safe handling.
Like many ammonium salts, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has hygroscopic properties and tends to clump when stored in the open.
However, this can be suppressed by adding small amounts of special silicas.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is characterised by its high solubility in water.
Due to its high oxidation potential, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) can decompose under unfavourable conditions.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is not flammable but has a fire-promoting effect.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a white singlecrystal with a density of 1.98.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) acts as a polymerization initiator in polymer chemistry.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) dissolves in water and decomposes by heat.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) appears as a white crystalline solid.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a strong oxidizing agent.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) does not burn readily, but may cause spontaneous ignition of organic materials.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2S2O8.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a colourless (white) salt that is highly soluble in water, much more so than the related potassium salt.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a strong oxidizing agent that is used as a catalyst in polymer chemistry, as an etchant, and as a cleaning and bleaching agent.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is an oxidizing agent that is often used with tetramethylethylenediamine to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide to prepare polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a widely used reagent in biochemistry and molecular biology for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) forms oxygen free radicals in aqueous solution by a base-catalyzed mechanism.
The bases, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is most commonly used as catalysts, are tertiary amines such as TEMED (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine) or DMAPN (3-dimethylaminopropionitrile).
The free radicals will cause the polymerization of acrylamide and bis-acrylamide to form a gel matrix, which can be used for separating macromolecules by size.



USES and APPLICATIONS of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is catalyst for acrylamide gel polymerization and also used with TEMED to promote polymerization
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is an oxidizing agent that is often used with tetramethylethylenediamine to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide to prepare polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used as an oxidizing agent, along with tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) for the polymerization of acrylamide in casting polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) also acts as a bleaching and cleaning agent.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to etch copper on printed circuit boards and for the polymerization of alkenes.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is an oxidizing agent that is used with TEMED to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide and bisacrylamide to prepare polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used catalyst for acrylamide gel polymerization.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used as a bleaching agent and as a food preservative.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is very soluble in cold water, a large fall of temperature accompanying solution.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a radical initiator.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to etch copper on printed circuit boards as an alternative to ferric chloride solution.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is also used along with tetramethylethylenediamine to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide in making a polyacrylamide gel.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used as inhibitor for the polymerisation of monomers and as a strong oxidizing agent in many applications.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has the particular advantage of being almost non-hydroscopic, of having a particurlarly good storage stability as a result ot its extremely high purity of being easy and safe to handle.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to initiate free radicals for polymerisation reactions.
For gel electrophoresis preparation, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is combined to tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) to catalyse the polymerisation of acrylamide in polyacrylamide gel.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used as a catalyst for acrylamide gel polymerization.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to etch copper on printed circuit boards an alternative to ferric chloride solution.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is also used along with tetramethylethylenediamine to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide in making a polyacrylamide gel.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is the main component of Nochromix.
On dissolving in sulfuric acid, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to clean laboratory glassware as a metal-free alternative to chromic acid baths.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is also a standard ingredient in western blot gels and hair bleach.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is widely used in storage battery industry.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to produce persulfates and refine of Ammonia Sulfate.
Polymerization uses of APS (Ammonium Persulfate): Initiator for the emulsion or solution Polymerization of acrylic monomers, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride etc. and for the emulsion co-polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, butadiene etc..


Metal treatment uses of APS (Ammonium Persulfate): Treatment of metal surfaces (e.g. in the manufacture of semiconductors; cleaning and etching of printed circuits), activation of copper and aluminium surfaces.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used in decoloring and bleaching of oil, cleaning and deodorization of deteriorated barm, as ripener of wheat.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used as additive of under-well fracturing in petroleum exploitation.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used in developer and fixer of film, widely used in the treatment of waste fluid.
Cosmetics uses of APS (Ammonium Persulfate): Essential component of bleaching formulations.


Textile: Desizing agent and bleach activator - particularly for cold bleaching.
Chemical synthesis uses of APS (Ammonium Persulfate); Water treatment (decontamination); Waste gas treatment, oxidative degradation of harmful substances (e.g. Hg); Disinfectant; Paper (modification of starch, repulping particularly for cold bleaching).


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a polymerization catalyst used with TEMED for polyacrylamide gel formation.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has also been utilized to study protein-protein interactions via photoinitiated crosslinking chemistry .
Other applications of APS (Ammonium Persulfate) include its use as a reducer and retarder in photography, the manufacture of aniline dyes, electroplating, the decolorizing and deodorizing of oils.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used polymerization catalyst.
With its strong oxidizing properties, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) can be used as an etchant and cleaner in the manufacture of printed circuit boards, as a booster in hair bleaching formulations in cosmetics and as a gel breaker in the oil and gas industry.


As a source of radicals, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is mainly used as a radical initiator in the polymerization of certain alkenes.
Commercially important polymers prepared using persulfates include styrene-butadiene rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene.
In solution, the dianion dissociates into radicals:
[O3SO–OSO3]2− ⇌ 2 [SO4]•−


Regarding its mechanism of action, the sulfate radical adds to the alkene to give a sulfate ester radical.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is also used along with tetramethylethylenediamine to catalyze the polymerization of acrylamide in making a polyacrylamide gel, hence being important for SDS-PAGE and western blot.


Illustrative of its powerful oxidizing properties, APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used to etch copper on printed circuit boards as an alternative to ferric chloride solution.
This property was discovered many years ago.


In 1908, John William Turrentine used a dilute APS (Ammonium Persulfate) solution to etch copper.
Turrentine weighed copper spirals before placing the copper spirals into the APS (Ammonium Persulfate) for an hour.
After an hour, the spirals were weighed again and the amount of copper dissolved by APS (Ammonium Persulfate) was recorded.


This experiment was extended to other metals such as nickel, cadmium, and iron, all of which yielded similar results.
The oxidation equation is thus:
S2O2−8 (aq) + 2 e− → 2 SO2−4 (aq).


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a standard ingredient in hair bleach.
Persulfates are used as oxidants in organic chemistry.
For example, in the Minisci reaction and Elbs persulfate oxidation.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has also been utilized to study protein-protein interactions via photoinitiated crosslinking chemistry.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has been used for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels and acrylamide hydrogels.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used Catalyst for acrylamide gel polymerization.


APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is used as a bleaching agent and as a food preservative.
Use APS (Ammonium Persulfate) as a catalyst for polymerization of acrylamide and bis-acrylamide.


This oxidizing agent, APS (Ammonium Persulfate), is frequently used with another catalyst, TEMED, for preparation of polyacrylamide gels for protein and nucleic acid analysis.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is a widely used reagent in biochemistry and molecular biology for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels.



PREPARATION AND STRUCTURE OF APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is prepared by electrolysis of a cold concentrated solution of either ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate in sulfuric acid at a high current density.
The method was first described by Hugh Marshall.

The ammonium, sodium, and potassium salts adopt very similar structures in the solid state, according to X-ray crystallography.
In the ammonium salt, the O-O distance is 1.497 Å.
The sulfate groups are tetrahedral, with three short S-O distances near 1.44 Å and one long S-O bond at 1.64 Å.



FEATURES OF APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
The formula for APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is (NH4)2S2O8 and it is a white, odorless single crystal.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) has strong oxidation and corrosion, decomposes easily when heated, moisture absorption is difficult, it is soluble in water, the solubility increases in warm water, and so on.



PRODUCTION OF APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is obtained by the process of electrolysis with a cold concentrated solution of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate in sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at a high density.



STORAGE OF APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) is not combustible but assists combustion materials due to release of oxygen.
APS (Ammonium Persulfate) must be stored dryly in closed containers and protected from direct sunlight, heat and humidity.
Impurities such as dirt, rust or traces of metal and reductants may cause catalytic decomposition.

APS (Ammonium Persulfate) as supplied or in solution needs to be handled with appropriate care.
The eye, skin and clothes must be protected when working with APS (Ammonium Persulfate).
Recommended storage temperature of APS (Ammonium Persulfate): normal temperature.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
Molecular Weight: 228.21 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 8
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 227.97220756 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 227.97220756 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 152Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 206
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3

Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Chemical formula: (NH4)2S2O8
Molar mass: 228.18 g/mol
Appearance: white to yellowish crystals
Density: 1.98 g/cm3
Melting point: 120 °C (248 °F; 393 K) decomposes
Solubility in water: 80 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility: Moderately soluble in MeOH
Physical state: powder
Color: white
Odor: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: Decomposes before melting.
Initial boiling point and boiling range: Decomposes below the boiling point.
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Flash point: No data available

Autoignition temperature: No data available
Decomposition temperature: No data available
pH: 1,0 - 2 at 228 g/l at 25 °C
Viscosity
Viscosity, kinematic: No data available
Viscosity, dynamic: No data available
Water solubility: 228 g/l at 20 °C - completely soluble
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: No data available
Vapor pressure: No data available
Density: 1,980 g/cm3
Relative density: No data available
Relative vapor density: No data available
Particle characteristics: No data available
Explosive properties: No data available
Oxidizing properties: The substance or mixture is classified as oxidizing with the category 3.
Other safety information:
Relative vapor density: 7,88 - (Air = 1.0)

Assay as (NH4)2S2O8: ≥ 99.0%
Density [g/ml]: 1,98 (20°C)
Bulk density [kg/m³]: 900 - 1100 (20°C)
Solubility in water: 559 (20°C)
pH-value: ca. 2,3 (250 g/l) (20°C)
Oxidising properties: Yes
Compound Formula: H8N2O8S2
Molecular Weight: 228.20212 g/mol
Appearance: White to yellowish powder or crystals
Melting Point: 120 °C (dec.)
Boiling Point: N/A
Density: 1.980 g/cm3
Solubility in H2O: 80 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Exact Mass: 227.972207 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 227.972207 g/mol



FIRST AID MEASURES of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
First aiders need to protect themselves.
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Call in physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Advice on safe handling:
Work under hood
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.
Do not store near combustible materials.
Moisture sensitive.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of APS (AMMONIUM PERSULFATE):
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available
-Incompatible materials:
No data available

Aqua (and) Butylene Glycol (and) Kigelia Africana Fruit Extract
KIGELINE CAS Number: 107-88-0 / 223749-33-5
Aqua (and) Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Extract
FLOWER ACIDS SC Cas : 84775-96-2
Aqua (and) Propanediol (and) Ziziphus Joazeiro Bark Extract
DANDRILYS Cas : 504-63-2 and 223749-07-3
Aqua, Sodium Levulinate
Verstatil BL Cas : 19856-23-6 and 532-32-1
AQUACAR DB 20
Aquacar db 20, also known as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), can be synthesized by reacting sodium bromide and cyanoacetamide.
Aquacar db 20 is crystals are monoclinic and belong to the space group P21/n.
Aquacar db 20 or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.

CAS Number: 10222-01-2
Molecular Formula: C3H2Br2N2O
Molecular Weight: 241.87
EINECS Number: 233-539-7

2,2-DIBROMO-2-CYANOACETAMIDE, 10222-01-2, Dibromocyanoacetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Dbnpa, Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromoacetamide, XD-7287l Antimicrobial, 2,2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, Dibromocyano acetic acid amide, Dibromonitrilopropionamide, XD-1603, 7N51QGL6MJ, DTXSID5032361, NSC-98283, Caswell No. 287AA, C3H2Br2N2O, NSC 98283, Dowicil QK 20, HSDB 6982, XD 7287L, EINECS 233-539-7, UNII-7N51QGL6MJ, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 101801, BRN 1761192, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide, 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropanamide, Acetamide, 2-cyano-2,2-dibromo-, Cyanodibromoacetamide, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropion amide, NCIOpen2_006184, SCHEMBL23129, 3-02-00-01641 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), Acetamide,2-dibromo-2-cyano-, 2-Cyano-2,2-dibromo-Acetamide, CHEMBL1878278, DOW ANTIMICROBIAL 7287, DTXCID3012361, UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N, DIBROMOCYANOACETAMIDE [INCI], NSC98283, Tox21_300089, MFCD00129791, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 9CI, 2, 2-Dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide, 96%, AKOS015833850, 2,2-bis(bromanyl)-2-cyano-ethanamide, NCGC00164203-01, NCGC00164203-02, NCGC00253921-01, AS-12928, CAS-10222-01-2, CS-0144768, D2902, DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE, 2,2-, FT-0612090, 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilo propionamide (DBNPA), H11778, 2,2-DIBROMO-3-NITRILOPROPIONAMIDE [HSDB], A800546, Q-102771, Q5204411, dbnpa; 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide; 2,2-dibromo-2-carbamoylacetonitrile; 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; dbnpa

Aquacar db 20 is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.
Aquacar db 20 acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.
Aquacar db 20 is used in a wide variety of applications.

Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.
Aquacar db 20 is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
Aquacar db 20 is a water-soluble compound with a high solubility in water and other organic solvents.

Aquacar db 20 has been shown to have antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.
Aquacar db 20 can be used as an additive in wastewater treatment to reduce the concentration of organic matter by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
Aquacar db 20 also has been shown to be effective as a biocide for disinfecting medical equipment or surfaces.

Aquacar db 20 is not toxic to animals and humans, although it may cause skin irritation or eye damage.
Aquacar db 20 is a fast-kill biocide which will hydrolyzes very easily under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
Aquacar db 20 is warmly welcomed because of for its instability property in water.

Aquacar db 20 will kill bacterial and then quickly degrades to form a number of chemicals.
Aquacar db 20 works just like the typical halogen biocides.
Aquacar db 20 is utilized in many areas. For example, it found its application in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.

Aquacar db 20 is also applied as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
Aquacar db 20 is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C3H2Br2N2O.
Aquacar db 20 is commonly known as DBNPA, which stands for 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-N,N-dimethylacetamide.

This enterprise is engaged in the research and development, production and sales of Aquacar db 20.
In order to improve market competition, company build core competitiveness by the excellent Aquacar db 20 quality.
Aquacar db 20 Water Treatment Microbiocide is a formulation containing 20% active ingredient, DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, Cas Reg. No. 10222-01-2).

Aquacar db 20 provides broad-spectrum control of bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae.
Aquacar db 20 has proven efficacy at low concentrations against bacteria, fungi, yeast, cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and the true algae.
Aquacar db 20 water treatment microbiocide is an aqueous formulation containing a 20% w/w concentration of DBNPA (2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide).

Aquacar db 20 is a broad spectrum biocide offering rapid control of bacteria, fungi, yeast and algae.
Aquacar db 20 is a non-oxidizing and highly effective biocide with proven performance in the past 5 decades.
Aquacar db 20 belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary carboxylic acid amides.

Primary carboxylic acid amides are compounds comprising primary carboxylic acid amide functional group, with the general structure RC(=O)NH2.
Based on a literature review a small amount of articles have been published on Aquacar db 20.
Aquacar db 20 is a chemical compound used as a broad-spectrum biocide and preservative in various industries.

Aquacar db 20 has applications in water treatment, paper manufacturing, textiles, and personal care products.
Aquacar db 20 exhibits antimicrobial properties against bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Safety precautions should be followed when handling this chemical, including the use of gloves and protective eyewear.

Aquacar db 20 should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.
Aquacar db 20 has low solubility in water and is considered to have low toxicity levels.
However, proper disposal methods should be followed to minimize environmental impact.

Aquacar db 20 is white crystals.
Aquacar db 20 is soluble in acetone, polyethyleneglycol, benzene, ethanol, etc. The 2,2-Dibromo-3-Nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) solubility is soluble in common organic solvents and slightly soluble in water.
Aquacar db 20 biocide is stable in acidic conditions and decomposed in alkaline conditions or the presence of hydrogen sulfide.

The solid Aquacar db 20 is an efficient germicide for the recycling water system.
Aquacar db 20 can penetrate the cytocyst of microbes quickly and kill them by reacting with some proteins in it, stopping the redox of cells.
Aquacar db 20 solid biocide has a good stripping property, little poison, and no foam in the system.

The organic solutions can be miscible with water.
Aquacar db 20 is a white to off-white crystalline powder.
Melting point 125℃, soluble in ordinary organic solvents (such as Acetone, Benzene, Dimethylformamide, Ethanol,Polyethylene glycol, etc.).

Aquacar db 20 is aqueous solution is stable under acidic condition, and easy to hydrolyze under alkaline condition.
The dissolution rate can be greatly accelerated by increasing pH value, heating, UV light or fluorescence irradiation.
Easy to be reduced agent, such as Hydrogen sulfide de-bromine into non-toxic Cyanoacetate amine, so that the sterilization rate is greatly reduced.

Aquacar db 20 acts as a biocide by releasing bromine in water.
The bromine interferes with the enzymes and proteins in microorganisms, disrupting their cellular functions and leading to their destruction.
This mode of action makes Aquacar db 20 effective against a wide range of microorganisms.

Aquacar db 20 is known for its broad-spectrum activity, making it effective against bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae.
This versatility contributes to its use in various industrial and water treatment applications.
Aquacar db 20 is recognized for its fast-acting properties, providing rapid microbial control.

This quick action is particularly advantageous in systems where prompt biocidal activity is crucial.
Aquacar db 20 typically leaves low or no residual in treated water systems, which means that its effects are relatively short-lived.
This can be advantageous in applications where maintaining a low level of residual biocide is desirable.

Aquacar db 20 exhibits stability over a range of temperatures, allowing for effective microbial control in both warm and cold water systems.
Aquacar db 20 is commonly used in industrial water treatment processes, such as cooling water systems in power plants and manufacturing facilities.
Aquacar db 20 is effectiveness in preventing biofouling makes it valuable for maintaining the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.

Aquacar db 20 is utilized in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in various processes, including drilling fluids and enhanced oil recovery operations.
Aquacar db 20 is generally compatible with other water treatment chemicals, allowing for integration into comprehensive water treatment programs.
Users should be aware of regulatory requirements associated with the use of Aquacar db 20 in specific industries and regions.

Compliance with regulations regarding water quality, discharge, and environmental impact is essential.
Aquacar db 20 is available in various formulations, including liquid concentrates and solid forms.
The concentration of Aquacar db 20 in a formulation can vary, and it is essential to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for proper dosing to achieve effective microbial control without overdosing.

Aquacar db 20 is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, some microorganisms may develop resistance over time.
Rotating or combining biocides with different modes of action is a common strategy to minimize the risk of resistance development.
The effectiveness of Aquacar db 20 can be influenced by the pH of the water.

Aquacar db 20 is generally effective in a wide pH range, but the optimal pH conditions for its biocidal activity may depend on the specific formulation.
Like many chemicals, Aquacar db 20 should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
Users should take appropriate precautions during handling, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles.

Aquacar db 20 is widely used for microbial control, its environmental impact should be considered.
Efforts should be made to minimize discharges of biocidal residues into natural water systems, and users should adhere to environmental regulations.
Regulatory requirements for Aquacar db 20 can vary by region and industry.

Users should be aware of and comply with relevant regulations, including those related to water quality, occupational health and safety, and environmental protection.
In some cases, Aquacar db 20 may be used in combination with other biocides or antimicrobial agents to enhance efficacy or broaden the spectrum of activity.
The choice of biocide or combination of biocides depends on the specific application and microbial challenges.

Regular monitoring and testing of water systems treated with Aquacar db 20 are essential to ensure that the desired level of microbial control is maintained.
This may involve microbial counts, water quality analysis, and other relevant tests.
Preparing chloroacetic acid, cyanoacetic acid, dialkyl amino acrolein, amino-acetal, and methyl cyanoacetate as starting material.

Cyanoacetamide is first made and then you get the Aquacar db 20 biocide by Cyanoacetamide bromination.
The synthesis method of chloroacetic acid as starting material: chloroacetic acid neutralizes sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide to produce sodium chloroacetate.
Then sodium chloroacetate reacts with sodium cyanide in a butanol solution to produce sodium of cyanoacetic acid.

After acidizing it with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
The esterification reaction between cyanoacetic acid with methanol or butanol, get the methyl cyanoacetate.
Then make Cyanoacetamide after aminolysis.

The full name of Aquacar db 20 is 2,2-dibromo-3-nitriloproio amide.
Aquacar db 20 is a broad-spectrum and efficient industrial fungicide.
Aquacar db 20 is used to prevent bacteria and algae from growing in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, mechanical lubricants, pulp, wood, paint, and plywood.

Aquacar db 20 is currently popular at home and abroad. Organic bromine fungicides.
Aquacar db 20 is a non-oxidative agent, rapidly degrading in alkaline aqueous solutions.
The organic water content as well as light enhance the hydrolysis and debromination of Aquacar db 20 into cyanoacetamide followed by degradation into cyanoacetic acid and malonic acid, that are non-toxic compounds.

This degradation pathway makes the use of DBNPA relatively environmentally friendly.
Aquacar db 20 is compatible with polyamide based membranes and shows high rejection rates for RO membranes.
The antimicrobial effect is due to the fast reaction between DBNPA and sulfur-containing organic molecules in microorganisms such as glutathione or cysteine.

The properties of microbial cell-surface components are irreversibly altered, interrupting transport of compounds across the membrane of the bacterial cell and inhibiting key biological processes of the bacteria.
To assess the anti-biofouling effect, online and off-line applications of the biocide have been studied on industrial scale RO installations with a 20 ppm Aquacar db 20 concentration in the feed water.
Industrial case studies described by indicate a preventive effect of the biocide, but many details were not given.

Only very limited information on the suitability of Aquacar db 20 to control membrane biofouling under well-defined conditions is available.
The objective of this study was to determine, under well-controlled conditions, the effect of biocide Aquacar db 20 dosage on biofouling control in membrane systems.
Preventive and curative biofouling control strategies were investigated in a series of experiments with membrane fouling simulators operated in parallel, fed with feed water supplemented with DBNPA (1 or 20 mg/L) and a biodegradable substrate sodium acetate.

Aquacar db 20 a higher substrate concentration in feed water has shown to result in a faster and larger pressure drop increase and a higher accumulated amount of biomass.
In the studies acetate was dosed as substrate to enhance the biofouling rate.
The pressure drop was monitored and autopsies were performed to quantify the accumulated material.

Aquacar db 20 is understood in the membrane industry that thin film composite polyamide membranes have limited resistance to chlorine based oxidants.
Therefore, operators have relatively few options regarding chemicals which can be safely used to disinfect RO/NF systems and prevent biogrowth/biofouling.
One option is the chemical, Aquacar db 20, which is a fastacting, nonoxidizing biocide which is very effective at low concentrations in controlling the growth of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, fungi and algae.

Aquacar db 20's efficacy may be influenced by the specific chemistry of the water being treated.
Factors such as water hardness, alkalinity, and the presence of other chemicals can impact the biocidal performance.
Conducting water quality analyses can help optimize Aquacar db 20 usage.

Aquacar db 20 itself is known for its low persistence in the environment, the breakdown products resulting from its degradation should be considered.
Understanding the biodegradability of these by-products contributes to assessing the overall environmental impact.
Aquacar db 20 should be aware of potential health hazards associated with exposure.

This includes inhalation, skin contact, and ingestion.
Occupational health and safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), should be implemented.
The design and configuration of water systems can impact the distribution and effectiveness of Aquacar db 20.

Considerations should be given to factors such as flow rates, residence times, and the presence of dead legs or stagnant areas in the system.
Regular microbial monitoring involves assessing the types and levels of microorganisms in the water system.
This information helps in evaluating the need for adjustments to the Aquacar db 20 dosage or considering additional control measures.

In addition to monitoring microbial populations, testing for Aquacar db 20 residuals is important.
This can help confirm that the biocide is present in the water system at the desired concentration and ensure ongoing microbial control.
Aquacar db 20 is generally recognized as a low-corrosive biocide, but its impact on corrosion and scaling should be evaluated in specific water systems.

Corrosion inhibitors may be used in conjunction with Aquacar db 20 to mitigate potential corrosion effects.
Developing spill response plans and having appropriate spill control measures in place is essential when working with any chemical, including Aquacar db 20.
This includes having spill kits, containment measures, and emergency procedures.

Regulatory frameworks related to biocide usage and environmental protection can evolve.
Staying informed about changes in regulations and guidelines ensures compliance with current standards.
Proper transportation and storage practices are crucial for maintaining the integrity of Aquacar db 20.

This includes ensuring containers are tightly sealed, preventing exposure to extreme temperatures, and following guidelines for transportation safety.
Training personnel on the safe handling, storage, and application of Aquacar db 20 is essential for minimizing risks and ensuring that individuals working with the biocide are knowledgeable about its properties and potential hazards.
Collaborating with water treatment experts, consultants, or specialists can provide valuable insights into optimizing Aquacar db 20 usage for specific applications and ensuring the development of effective water treatment programs.

Aquacar db 20 is a fast-acting, non-oxidizing biocide and is very effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms.
Aquacar db 20 is completely miscible with water upon dispersion at normal use levels.
Quick kill broad-spectrum microbiocide, fungicide and algaecide.

Microbiocide kill time measured in minutes vs. hours for other types of microbiocide agents.
Effective against Legionella pneumophila (Legionnaire’s Disease causing bacteria).
The rate of this activity is not affected by pH, and antimicrobial control is rapidly achieved.

Because of its extremely rapid kill, proliferating microbes and their biofilm formation are either eliminated or significantly reduced.
Inexpensive to use – as little as 22 g treats 1000 L of water.
Safer for use in galvanized, copper and steel systems than chlorine and bromine.

Can clean up fouled systems where high levels of organics, slime and biomass are present.
Aquacar db 20 or 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide is a quick-kill biocide that easily hydrolyzes under both acidic and alkaline conditions.
Aquacar db 20 is preferred for its instability in water as it quickly kills and then quickly degrades to form a number of products, depending on the conditions, including ammonia, bromide ions, dibromoacetonitrile, and dibromoacetic acid.

Aquacar db 20 acts similar to the typical halogen biocides.
Aquacar db 20 is used in a wide variety of applications.
Some examples are in papermaking as a preservative in paper coating and slurries.

Aquacar db 20 is also used as slime control on papermachines, and as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing wells and in cooling water.
Controls bacteria, fungi and algae in industrial processes and water systems including: paper mills, industrial cooling water systems.

Controls slime-formation in air washer systems.
Aquacar db 20 use biocides safely.
Always read the label and product information before use.

Melting point: 122-125 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 123-126 °C
Density: 2.3846 (rough estimate)
refractive index: 1.6220 (estimate)
storage temp.: Inert atmosphere,2-8°C
Water Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
solubilit: DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: powder to crystal
pka: 11.72±0.50(Predicted)
color: White to Light yellow to Light orange
Odor: antiseptic odor
Stability: Stable, but may be moisture sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.820

Aquacar db 20 is a highly effective, environmentally friendly biocide.
Aquacar db 20 provides a quick kill while also quickly degrading in water.
The final end product is carbon dioxide and ammonium bromide

Aquacar db 20 is incompatible with bases, metals, oxidizing agents, acids.
Dangerous gases may accumulate as a result of ignition and fire.
Aquacar db 20 can penetrate microbial cell membrane rapidly and act on certain protein genes, and normal redox of syncytial cells is terminated.

Aquacar db 20, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamidecan also selectively brominate or oxidize special enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, leading to cell death
Aquacar db 20, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide has a broad spectrum of performance, and has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, biological slime and other pathogenic microorganisms that threaten human health.
Aquacar db 20, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide is characterized by a very fast sterilization speed and high efficiency, with a sterilization rate of more than 98% in 5-10 minutes.

Compared with other three bactericide products, the results show that when the same bactericidal effect is achieved, the dosage of Aquacar db 20, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamideis used the smallest, far less than the other three fungicides
After sterilization, Aquacar db 20, 2,2-Dibromo-2-cyano-acetamide can be rapidly degraded into carbon dioxide, ammonia and bromine salts, which will not cause the accumulation of harmful ions in the water body, have no impact on the environment, and make the emission unlimited.
This is a significant feature of organic bromine bactericides different from other non-oxidative bactericides.

Aquacar db 20 is a broad-spectrum non-food biocide.
Aquacar db 20 is highly soluble in water and in some organic solvents such as acetone and ethanol.
There is little information published on its environmental fate.

Aquacar db 20 is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms.
Aquacar db 20 has a moderate human oral toxicity, may be a reproduction/developmental toxin and is a recognised irritant.
Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary carboxylic acid amides.

Primary carboxylic acid amides are compounds comprising primary carboxylic acid amide functional group, with the general structure RC(=O)NH2.
Aquacar db 20 is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial fungicide used to prevent the growth of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metalworking lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.
Aquacar db 20 can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.

Aquacar db 20 is branches can also selectively bromine or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, ultimately leading to microbial death.
Aquacar db 20 has good peeling performance, no foam, and its liquid products and water can be dissolved at any ratio.
Aquacar db 20 has a broad spectrum of bactericidal properties. It has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, biological slime and pathogenic microorganisms that threaten human health.

Aquacar db 20 is characterized by extremely fast sterilization and high efficiency.
The sterilization rate can reach over 99% in 5~10 minutes.
Aquacar db 20 was compared to the other three biocides.

The results showed that when the same bactericidal effect was achieved,Aquacar db 20 was used at a dose of the only 7.5ppm, which is much lower than the other three fungicides.
Aquacar db 20 is a new type of highly effective bactericidal algaecide and water treatment agent.
Aquacar db 20 has the advantages of high efficiency and broad spectrum, easy to degrade, no residual residue, no pollution to the environment, etc. At the same time, it also has a multi-effect function such as sterilization and algae killing, descaling and corrosion inhibition, etc. value.

Aquacar db 20 is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial fungicide used to prevent the growth of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metalworking lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.
Aquacar db 20 can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.
Aquacar db 20 is branches can also selectively bromine or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, ultimately leading to microbial death.

Aquacar db 20 has good peeling performance, no foam, and its liquid products and water can be dissolved at any ratio.
Aquacar db 20 is commonly employed in the paper and pulp industry for the preservation of process waters, as well as to prevent microbial growth in paper and wood products.
Aquacar db 20 is effectiveness in controlling a broad spectrum of microorganisms is particularly valuable in these manufacturing processes.

Aquacar db 20's biocidal performance can be influenced by factors such as temperature, water hardness, and organic content.
Understanding how these factors affect the efficacy of Aquacar db 20 in a specific application is important for optimal performance.
Users should consider the compatibility of Aquacar db 20 with materials commonly used in water systems, such as metals and elastomers.

Compatibility testing can help prevent any undesirable interactions that might lead to corrosion or degradation of materials.
In some systems, there may be the potential for the regeneration of Aquacar db 20, especially if it degrades or reacts with other components.
Monitoring and adjusting dosages based on water quality conditions can help maintain effective microbial control.

Effluent from industrial processes treated with Aquacar db 20 may contain residues of the biocide.
Understanding the downstream effects on receiving waters and ecosystems is important to ensure compliance with environmental regulations.
Prior to introducing Aquacar db 20 into a water system, a thorough risk assessment should be conducted.

This includes evaluating potential impacts on human health, worker safety, and the environment.
Aquacar db 20 should maintain comprehensive records of its application, including dosages, monitoring results, and any adverse effects observed.
Documentation is crucial for regulatory compliance, troubleshooting, and future reference.

Developing an emergency response plan for accidental spills or releases of Aquacar db 20 is essential.
This plan should include procedures for containment, cleanup, and reporting to relevant authorities.
Personnel handling Aquacar db 20 should receive proper education and training on its safe use, potential hazards, and emergency procedures.

This helps minimize the risk of accidents and ensures that users are equipped to handle the substance responsibly.
Disposal of unused or expired Aquacar db 20 should be carried out in accordance with local regulations.
Users should contact waste disposal authorities to determine the appropriate methods for handling and disposing of the substance.

Aquacar db 20's efficacy can be influenced by temperature, and its activity may vary across different temperature ranges.
Aquacar db 20 is important to consider the temperature conditions of the water system when applying DBNPA and adjust dosages accordingly.
Regular monitoring of microbial populations in treated water systems is important. Monitoring helps assess the effectiveness of Aquacar db 20 and allows for adjustments to prevent the development of microbial resistance.

Aquacar db 20 may be used in combination with other water treatment chemicals for synergistic effects.
Synergistic formulations can enhance the overall performance and efficacy, providing a comprehensive solution to microbial control.
Accurate dosage control is critical for optimizing Aquacar db 20's effectiveness and avoiding overdosing or underdosing.

Automated dosing systems can help ensure precise and consistent application.
Aquacar db 20 is an advantageous disinfectant since it also quickly degrades to carbon dioxide, ammonia and bromide ion when in an aqueous environment.
This allows the effluent to be safely discharged even in sensitive water bodies.

Aquacar db 20 is degraded by reactions with water, nucleophiles, and UV light (rate is dependent on pH and temperature). The approximate half-life is 24 hr @ pH 7, 2 hr @ pH 8, 15 min @ pH 9.
The vast majority of microorganisms that come into contact with it are killed within 5 to 10 minutes.
In addition to documenting Aquacar db 20 usage, it is important to keep detailed records of the entire water treatment program.

This includes information on other chemicals used, maintenance activities, and any observed changes in water quality.
Aquacar db 20 is sometimes used in water treatment processes, including those involving reverse osmosis systems.
Compatibility with RO membranes and potential impacts on system performance should be assessed.

Aquacar db 20 is known for leaving low residuals, monitoring residual levels in treated water is still important.
Understanding the persistence of DBNPA residues can guide decisions regarding reapplication and additional treatments.
Aquacar db 20 finds application in the oil and gas industry for microbial control in various processes, including hydraulic fracturing fluids and oilfield water systems.

In recirculating cooling water systems, Aquacar db 20 can help prevent biofouling and microbial contamination.
However, the effectiveness may be influenced by factors such as water chemistry and system design.

Depending on the location and industry, compliance with international standards and regulations related to water quality, biocide usage, and environmental impact is crucial. Users should stay informed about regional requirements.
Ongoing research and development in the field of water treatment may introduce new formulations or technologies.
Staying updated on industry advancements can provide insights into optimizing water treatment strategies.

Uses:
Aquacar db 20 is used in water treatment process.
Aquacar db 20 a chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.
Aquacar db 20 is a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency industrial bactericide, used to prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria and algae in papermaking, industrial circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricants, pulp, wood, paint and plywood.

Aquacar db 20 can also be used as a slime control agent.
Aquacar db 20 is widely used in pulp and circulating cooling water system in paper mills.
As a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency biocide, it can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act on a certain protein group to stop the normal redox of cells and cause cell death.

At the same time, its branches can selectively bromide or oxidize the special enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, which will eventually lead to the death of microorganisms.
Aquacar db 20 has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid product and water can be dissolved in any ratio, low toxicity.
Mainly used as a non-food biocide within the paper industry and as preservatives for coatings and slurries.

Aquacar db 20 is used in formulating biocides. It is used as preservatives for coatings, slurries and to control microbial fouling in paper mills, oil field and leather process.
Aquacar db 20 is used as pharmaceutical intermediates bactericidal algae killer industrial sewage treatment agent, this product is a broad spectrum of high efficiency biocide.
Aquacar db 20 is a chemical additive to control bacterial contamination in ethanol fermentation.

Aquacar db 20 is employed in wood preservation treatments to prevent the growth of fungi and decay-causing microorganisms in wood products, enhancing their longevity.
In certain formulations of adhesives and sealants, Aquacar db 20 may be used to inhibit the growth of microbes, maintaining the integrity of the product.
Aquacar db 20 is utilized in the textile industry to control microbial contamination in water systems used in textile processing and to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria on textiles.

In the leather industry, Aquacar db 20 may be used to control microbial growth in water systems and prevent the degradation of hides and skins.
Aquacar db 20 can be incorporated into cleaning and sanitizing formulations to enhance their efficacy by preventing microbial contamination in the cleaning solutions.
In the production of fuel ethanol, Aquacar db 20 may be used to control microbial contamination in fermentation processes and storage systems.

Aquacar db 20 is applied in air washer systems, such as those used in HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, to prevent microbial growth and maintain indoor air quality.
Aquacar db 20 may be used in certain marine antifouling paints to prevent the growth of marine organisms on ship hulls and underwater structures.
In swimming pools and spas, Aquacar db 20 can be used as a biocide to control microbial contamination, ensuring the safety and hygiene of the water.

Aquacar db 20, in specific concentrations and formulations, may find use as a laboratory reagent for certain applications.
Aquacar db 20 is employed to prevent microbial contamination in metalworking fluids, which are used in machining and cutting operations to cool and lubricate metal surfaces.
Aquacar db 20 may be applied in membrane bioreactors to control microbial growth and fouling on membranes used in wastewater treatment.

Aquacar db 20 can be used in reverse osmosis systems to prevent microbial contamination and biofouling, maintaining the efficiency of the membranes.
Aquacar db 20 is effective in preventing biofouling and microbial contamination in recirculating water systems used in various industrial processes.
As the biocides in broad-spectrum, Aquacar db 20 biocide is widely used in industrial circulating water systems, large air-condition, and the large center of sewage treatment to eliminate microorganisms and alga and shuck off clay.

Aquacar db 20 is also used in the process of papermaking to prevent reducing the quality of paper by the generation of microorganisms.
This halogen biocide is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex, and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.
Aquacar db 20 has the following advantages: easy to handle; no unusual oxidation hazards; similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications; used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.

Aquacar db 20 has exhibited outstanding efficiency against bio-films and a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, and yeasts.
Aquacar db 20 series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch, and mineral slurries.
Aquacar db 20 is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum and does not contain or release formaldehyde.

Aquacar db 20 is commonly applied in cooling tower water treatment to prevent microbial growth, biofouling, and corrosion.
Aquacar db 20 helps maintain the efficiency of cooling systems by controlling microbiological contamination.
Aquacar db 20 may be used in hydrotesting fluids, which are employed to pressure test pipelines and vessels.

Aquacar db 20 helps prevent microbial contamination in the testing process.
In hydraulic systems, Aquacar db 20 can be used to control microbial growth in hydraulic fluids, ensuring the stability and performance of the fluid over time.
Aquacar db 20 may find application in automotive antifreeze and coolant systems to inhibit microbial growth and prevent contamination in the coolant circulating through the engine.

Aquacar db 20 is sometimes used in fire sprinkler systems to prevent microbial contamination in the water that would be released in case of a fire.
Aquacar db 20 can be applied in oil and gas production pipelines to control microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and inhibit microbial growth that could lead to pipeline degradation.
In geothermal heating and cooling systems, Aquacar db 20 can be utilized to prevent microbial fouling and contamination in the water circulating through the system.

Aquacar db 20 may be used in desalination plants to prevent microbial fouling on membranes and other components in the water treatment process.
Aquacar db 20 is employed in some nuclear power plants to control microbial growth in cooling water systems and prevent biofouling on heat exchange equipment.
Aquacar db 20 is widely used as a disinfectant, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper, and mildew inhibitor in the following aspects.

The circulating cooling water system, oil field water injection system, bactericide, algicide, slime stripper in the paper industry.
Aquacar db 20 may find application in water treatment processes within the food and beverage industry to control microbial contamination in processing water.
In healthcare settings, Aquacar db 20 can be used in water treatment to control microbial growth in hospital water systems, including cooling towers and distribution systems.

Aquacar db 20 may be applied in cooling systems associated with medical equipment to prevent microbial contamination and maintain the equipment's performance.
Aquacar db 20 can be incorporated into various disinfectant and biocide formulations used for diverse applications, including surface disinfection and antimicrobial treatments.
Aquacar db 20 may be used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to prevent microbial growth in air washer systems and cooling coils.

Aquacar db 20 can be applied in various manufacturing processes where water is used as a coolant or processing medium to prevent microbial contamination.
Aquacar db 20 is widely used in industrial circulating water system, large air-condition and the large center of sewage treatment to eliminate microorganism and alga and shuck off clay.
Aquacar db 20 is also used in the process of paper making to prevent reducing quality of paper by generation of microorganism.

Aquacar db 20 is suitable for metal cutting of cooling liquor, recovery system of oil, latex and ply-woods as anti-spy biocides.
Aquacar db 20 has following advantages :Easy to handle .No unusual oxidation hazards.
Similar performance and safety in paper and oilfield applications.

Aquacar db 20 is used for slime control in the wet-end of the paper mill and performs exceptionally well against slime-forming bacteria.
Aquacar db 20 has exhibited outstanding efficacy against in bio-films and against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungus and yeasts.
Aquacar db 20 series products are used in the short-term preservation of coatings and coating additives such as latex, starch and mineral slurries.

Aquacar db 20 is a fast-acting/quick-kill biocide that is broad-spectrum, and does not contain or release formaldehyde.
Aquacar db 20 is a broad spectrum and efficient industrial fungicide, used to prevent bacteria and algae in paper making, industrial circulating cooling water, metal processing lubricating oil, pulp, wood, coating and plywood growth and reproduction, and can be used as mud control agent, widely used in paper mill pulp and circulating cooling water system.
As a broad-spectrum and highly effective biocide, Aquacar db 20 can quickly penetrate the cell membrane of microorganisms and act as a certain protein group to stop the normal REDOX of cells, thus causing cell death.

At the same time, Aquacar db 20 is branches can selectively brominate or oxidize specific enzyme metabolites of microorganisms, resulting in microbial death.
Aquacar db 20 has good peeling performance, no foam when used, liquid products and water can be arbitrarily soluble, low toxicity.
Aquacar db 20 is widely used as a biocide, particularly in water treatment applications.

Aquacar db 20 is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae.
Aquacar db 20 is used in various industrial processes, such as cooling water systems, pulp and paper processing, oilfield operations, and metalworking fluids, to control microbial growth and prevent biofouling.
Aquacar db 20 is known for its chemical stability, allowing for effective microbial control over a range of environmental conditions.

Aquacar db 20 is water-soluble, which makes it suitable for use in water-based formulations.
When used as a water treatment slime stripper, the Aquacar db 20 is added at a concentration of 30~50 mg/L.
Aquacar db 20 is widely used as a biocide in water treatment applications, particularly in cooling water systems.

Aquacar db 20 helps control the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae in water, preventing biofouling and maintaining the efficiency of heat exchange equipment.
In the pulp and paper industry, Aquacar db 20 is employed to preserve process waters and prevent microbial contamination in paper and wood products.
Aquacar db 20 finds application in the oil and gas industry, including its use in hydraulic fracturing fluids and oilfield water systems, where controlling microbial growth is essential.

In metalworking processes, Aquacar db 20 is used to control microbial growth in metalworking fluids, ensuring the stability and quality of these fluids during machining operations.
Aquacar db 20 may be used in certain formulations of paints and coatings to prevent microbial contamination and maintain product integrity.
Aquacar db 20 can be applied to irrigation water in agricultural settings to control microbial growth, ensuring that the water used for irrigation is free from harmful microorganisms.

In the plastics and polymer industry, Aquacar db 20 may be used to prevent microbial contamination in process water and cooling systems.
In some formulations of personal care and cosmetic products, Aquacar db 20 may be used as a preservative to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.

Safety Profile:
Aquacar db 20 a severe skin and eye irritant.
As with any chemical, safety precautions should be taken during handling and use.
The appropriate safety data sheets (SDS) provided by the manufacturer should be consulted for specific information on handling, storage, and emergency measures.
AQUAFLEX SF-40
Aquaflex SF-40 polymer Chemistry: VCap polymers and derivatives INCI: VP/Vinyl Caprolactam/DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer Aquaflex SF-40 polymer, a terpolymer of vinylcaprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, is a fixative and styling polymer that can be formulated at all VOC levels. It offers medium hold, has good sprayability and high propellant compatibility. Can be formulated at all VOC levels Good sprayability Excellent high humidity curl retention Low-tack High propellant compatability VP/Vinyl Caprolactam/DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer. Aquaflex® SF-40 polymer by Ashland Specialty Chemical acts as a fixative and styling polymer. It is a terpolymer of vinylcaprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide that can be formulated at all VOC levels. It offers medium hold, has good sprayability and high propellant compatibility. Exhibits excellent high-humidity curl retention and low-tack. Aquaflex® SF-40 polymer is suggested for use in aerosol & low- and high-VOC pump hairsprays. AquaflexTM SF-40 polymer Vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide terpolymer AquaflexTM SF-40 Applications • Film-forming polymer in hair styling products. • Inkjet-receptive media. AquaflexTM SF-40 Physical Properties AquaflexTM SF-40 Physical form Clear viscous ethanol solution AquaflexTM SF-40 Molecular weight 37,500 AquaflexTM SF-40 Tg 119 °C AquaflexTM SF-40 Chemistry Transparent, flexible glossy films; pseudo cationic, substantiveto negatively charged surfaces; quaternization yields cationic polymer; decreased tackiness and improved hydrocarbon compatibility due to V-CapTM reactive monomer; water- and ethanol-soluble. AQUAFLEX SF-40 Segment Personal care AQUAFLEX SF-40 INCI name Alcohol, VP/Vinyl Caprolactam/DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer AQUAFLEX SF-40 CAS numbers 180005-72-5, 64-17-5 AQUAFLEX SF-40 Performance claims Hair styling, Water resistant AQUAFLEX SF-40 Function Film formers AQUAFLEX SF-40 Applications Sprays & mists AQUAFLEX SF-40 Chemical group Polymers AQUAFLEX SF-40 Chemical properties Water resistant AQUAFLEX SF-40 Physical properties Viscous AQUAFLEX SF-40 Appearance Liquid AQUAFLEX SF-40 Colors Clear AQUAFLEX SF-40 GHS classification Flammable Liquids AQUAFLEX SF-40 Precautionary statements H225: Highly flammable liquid and vapour, H319: Causes serious eye irritation Suitable terpolymers (A) are those in which the acrylamide monomer is selected is made of dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide and dialkylaminoalkylacrylamide, wherein the alkyl groups consist of 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Especially dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide is preferred. The manufacture of such Polymers is described in WO 96/19971 and is known under the name Aquaflex® SF 40 (ISP) commercially available (INCI name: PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylate copolymer).Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) Example 2: Hairspray 3.335 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 3.335 g Octylacrylamide / acrylic acid / butylaminoethyl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate / hydroxypropyl methacrylate copolymer (Amphomer® LV 71) 0.59 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 0.20g Perfume 0.02 g Baysilon® Oil PD 5 10.00 g water Ad 100 g Ethanol The drug solution was in a ratio of 45:55 with DME as a blowing agent in a Bottled aerosol can. Example 3: Hairspray 3.335 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 3.335 g Vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer (Luviset® CA 66) 0.378 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 0.20g Perfume 0.02 g g Baysilon® Oil PD 5 10.00 g water Ad 100 g Ethanol The drug solution was in a ratio of 45:55 with DME as a blowing agent in a Bottled aerosol can. Example 4: Hairspray 3.335 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 3.335 g t-butyl acrylate / ethyl acrylate / methacrylic acid copolymer (Luvimer® 100P) 0.844 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 0.20g g Perfume 0.02 g Baysilon® Oil PD 5 10.00 g water Ad 100 g Ethanol The drug solution was in a ratio of 45:55 with DME as a blowing agent in a Bottled aerosol can. Example 5: Aerosol foam fixer 2.1 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 0.6 g Vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer (Luviset® CA 66) 0.07 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 8.9 g Ethanol 0.4 g PEG 25 PABA 0.2 g Laureth-4 0.2 g Panthenol 0.2 g Perfume 0.07 g Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride 4 g propane 4 g butane Ad 100 g water Example 6: Aerosol foam fixer 1.5 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 0.5 g Alkyl monoester of polymethyl vinyl ether / maleic acid copolymer (Gantrez® ES 425) 0.186 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 8.9 g Ethanol 0.4 g PEG 25 PABA 0.2 g Laureth-4 0.15 g Betaine 0.15 g Perfume 0.07 g Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride 4 g propane 4 g butane Ad 100 g water Example 7: Spray strengthener 1.5 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 0.45 g Vinyl acetate / crotonic acid / polyethylene oxide copolymer (Aristoflex® A) 27 g Ethanol 0.7 g PEG 25 PABA 0.35 g Panthenol 0.25 g Perfume 0.21 g PEG 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 0.20 g Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Ad 100 g water Example 8: Pump foam fixer 1.3 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 0.3 g Vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer (Luviset® CA 66) 0.04 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 8.9 g Ethanol 0.4 g Cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine 0.15 g Perfume 0.1 g citric acid 0.1 g Betaine Ad 100 g water Example 9: Pump foam fixer 1.5 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 0.4 g Acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butylacrylamide copolymer (Ultrahold® 8) 0.037 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 8.9 g Ethanol 0.4 g Cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine 0.15 g Perfume 0.1 g citric acid 0.1 g Betaine Ad 100 g water Example 10: Pump foam fixer 1.2 g Aquaflex SF 40 (PVP / Vinyl Caprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer) 0.35 g t-butlyacrylate / ethyl acrylate / methacrylic acid copolymer (Luvimer® 100P) 0.09 g Aminomethyl propanol 95% 8.9 g Ethanol 0.4 g Cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine 0.15g Perfume 0.1 g citric acid 0.1 g Betaine Ad 100 g water The production of this sort of polymer is described in WO 96/19971 and it is commercially obtainable under the trademark AQUAFLEX® SF 40 (ISP) (INCI-name: PVP/vinyl caprolactam/DMAPA acrylates copolymer). Aquaflex® SF 40 (PVP/vinyl caprolactam/DMAPA acrylates copolymer) K1: Aquaflex SF 40 +Luviset® CA66 K2: Aquaflex SF 40 +Luvimer® 100 P K3: Aquaflex SF 40 +Amphomer® K4: Aquaflex SF 40 +Gaffix® 713 Aquaflex SF-40 VP/Vinyl Caprolactam/DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer Aquaflex® SF 40: VP/VINYL CAPROLACTAM/DMAPA ACRYLATES COPOLYMER, 40% in ethanol (ISP) Commercially available examples of such amide monomers include the monomers in Styleze W. Styleze CC-10, AquaStyle 300 (PQ69), Aquaflex SF40, ViviPrint 141, Conditioneze NT-20 all commercially available from Ashland Specialty Ingredients (ASI); and Ultrahold Strong, Luviset Clear, Luviquat Supreme (PQ68) all available from BASF. Other examples of this type of polymers can be found in Personal Care Product Consult Database (PCPC).Commercially available examples of such amide monomers include the monomers in Copolymer 845, 937 and 958, Advantage LCA, LCE and S, PVP/VA (W635, 735), Gafquat, Aquaflex SF-40, Styleze W, Aquastyle 300, ViviPrint 141, Conditioneze NT-20, Styleze CC-10 all available from ASI; and Luviquat Supreme, Luviquat UltraCare, Luviquat Hold, Luviquat PQ11, Luviquat HM552, Luviquat Style, Luviquat FC, Luviquat Excellence, Luviset Clear all available from BASF. Other examples of this type of polymers can be found in Personal Care Product Consult Database (PCPC).Commercially available examples of such amine monomers include the monomers in Copolymer 845, 937 and 958, Advantage LCA, LCE and S, Gafquat, Aquaflex SF-40, Styleze W, Aquastyle 300, ViviPrint 141, Aquaflex XL-30, Styleze CC-10 all available from ASI; and Luviquat Supreme from BASF. Other examples of this type of polymers can be found in Personal Care Product Consult Database (PCPC).Preferred copolymers b) include at least about 90% by weight, preferably at least about 95% by weight and in particular at least about 97% by weight of the monomers N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam and N,N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide. Particularly preferred copolymers b) were obtained exclusively from the monomers N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam and N,N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide. Examples of copolymers of this type are available under the trade names Aquaflex SF 40 (INCI name: VP/Vinyl Caprolactam/DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer, Alcohol Denat.; 38-42% by weight active substance in ethanol) from ISP. Aquaflex SF-40 Molecular Formula: C8H8Cl2IO3PS Aquaflex SF-40 Molecular Weight: 413 g/mol Aquaflex SF 40 IUPAC Name (2,5-dichloro-4-iodophenoxy)-dimethoxy-sulfanylidene-λ5-phosphane Aquaflex® SF 40 InChI HelpNew Window InChI=1S/C8H8Cl2IO3PS/c1-12-15(16,13-2)14-8-4-5(9)7(11)3-6(8)10/h3-4H,1-2H3 Aquaflex SF 40 InChI Key LFVLUOAHQIVABZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aquaflex SF 40 Canonical SMILES COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(=C(C=C1Cl)I)Cl Aquaflex SF 40 Molecular Formula C8H8Cl2IO3PS Aquaflex SF 40 CAS 18181-70-9 Aquaflex SF 40 European Community (EC) Number 242-069-1 Aquaflex SF 40 UNII SME6G1846X Aquaflex SF 40 DSSTox Substance ID DTXSID8040278 Aquaflex SF 40 Wikipedia Iodofenphos Aquaflex SF 40 Computed Properties Aquaflex SF 40 Property Name Property Value Reference Aquaflex SF 40 Molecular Weight 413 g/mol Aquaflex SF 40 XLogP3 5.5 Aquaflex SF 40 Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0 Aquaflex SF 40 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4 Aquaflex SF 40 Rotatable Bond Count 4 Aquaflex SF 40 Exact Mass 411.83535 g/mol Aquaflex SF 40 Monoisotopic Mass 411.83535 g/mol Aquaflex SF 40 Topological Polar Surface Area 59.8 Ų Aquaflex SF 40 Heavy Atom Count 16 Aquaflex SF 40 Formal Charge 0 Aquaflex SF 40 Complexity 276 Aquaflex SF 40 Isotope Atom Count 0 Aquaflex SF 40 Defined Atom Stereocenter Count 0 Aquaflex SF 40 Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count Aquaflex SF 40 Defined Bond Stereocenter Count 0 Aquaflex SF 40 Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count Aquaflex SF 40 Covalently-Bonded Unit Count 1 Aquaflex SF 40 Compound Is Canonicalized Yes Aquaflex SF 40 Color/Form COLORLESS CRYSTALS Aquaflex SF 40 Melting Point 72.5 °C Aquaflex SF 40 Solubility 2.42e-07 M Aquaflex SF 40 Density 2.0 gm/cu cm @ 20 °C Aquaflex SF 40 Vapor Pressure 8.25e-07 mmHg Aquaflex SF 40 LogP 5.51 (LogP) Aquaflex SF 40 Stability/Shelf Life JODFENFOS IS RELATIVELY STABLE IN NEUTRAL OR WEAKLY ACIDIC OR ALKALINE MEDIA BUT UNSTABLE IN CONCENTRATED ACIDS & ALKALIES. Aquaflex SF 40 Decomposition WHEN HEATED TO DECOMPOSITION, IT EMITS HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF /HYDROGEN CHLORIDE, HYDROGEN IODIDE, PHOSPHORUS OXIDES, & SULFUR OXIDES/. /PARATHION/ Aquaflex SF 40 Corrosivity Noncorrosive Aquaflex SF 40 Kovats Retention Index Standard non-polar 2150, 2135.4 Semi-standard non-polar 2140.9, 2150.6 Aquaflex SF 40 GC-MS Aquaflex SF 40 NIST Number 192389 Aquaflex SF 40 Library Main library Aquaflex SF 40 Total Peaks 138 m/z Top Peak 377 m/z 2nd Highest 125 m/z 3rd Highest 379 Aquaflex SF 40 Metabolism/Metabolites OVER 80% OF IODOFENPHOS ADMIN TO RAT WAS ELIMINATED IN 24 HR IN URINE. IN ADDITION TO FIVE UNIDENTIFIED METABOLITES, IODOFENOXON, DESMETHYL IODOFENOXON, MONO- & DI-METHYL PHOSPHORIC ACID, PHOSPHORIC ACID, & DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID WERE FOUND IN URINE. Aquaflex SF 40 Biological Half-Life Fish Biotrans. Half-Life (Km) Aquaflex SF 40 Mechanism of Action Cholinesterase inhibitor. Aquaflex SF 40 Use Classification Agrochemicals -> Insecticides Aquaflex SF 40 Formulations/Preparations 'NUVANOL N' WP, WETTABLE POWDER (500 G AI/KG); 'NUVANOL N' 500 FW, SUSPENSION CONCENTRATE (500 G/L); 'NUVANOL N' 20 U, EMULSIFIABLE CONCENTRATE (200 G/L); 'NUVANOL N' 5 P READY-TO-USE POWDER (50 G/KG). PRODUCTS SOLD UNDER TRADE MARK 'ALFACRON' ARE NO LONGER AVAILABLE. Aquaflex SF 40 General Manufacturing Information The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Iodofenphos (technical grade) as an active ingredient believed to be obsolete or discontinued for use as a pesticide. Aquaflex SF 40 Clinical Laboratory Methods A GLC PROCEDURE USING A FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTOR IS DESCRIBED FOR DETERMINING RESIDUES OF IODOFENPHOS IN TISSUE AND URINE OF CATTLE. Aquaflex SF 40 Hazard Classes and Categories Acute Tox. 3 (92.68%) Aquatic Acute 1 (92.68%) Aquaflex SF 40 Fire Fighting Procedures If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. /Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, NOS/ Aquaflex SF 40 Disposal Methods SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Aquaflex SF 40 Preventive Measures In some situations where personnel may become accidently contaminated ... it is necessary to provide shower bath in addition to the usual washing facilities. Special arrangements for cleaning clothing & overalls may be necessary ... /Pesticides/ Aquaflex SF 40 Storage Conditions ... MUST BE STORED IN ITS SEALED ORIGINAL CONTAINERS, IN WELL-AIRED, FRESH & DRY STOREHOUSES OR IN SHADED & POSSIBLY WELL-AIRED PLACES. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE PRODUCT'S TEMP ... NOT EXCEED 25-30 °C, & KEEP ... AWAY FROM SOURCES OF HEAT, FREE FLAMES, OR SPARK-GENERATING EQUIPMENT. CONTAINERS MUST BE STACKED IN SUCH A WAY AS TO PERMIT FREE CIRCULATION OF AIR ... AT BOTTOM & INSIDE OF PILES. STORAGE AREAS MUST BE LOCATED AT SUITABLE DISTANCE FROM INHABITED BUILDINGS, ANIMAL SHELTERS, & FOOD STORES; MOREOVER, THEY MUST BE INACCESSIBLE TO UNAUTHORIZED PERSONS, CHILDREN, & DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Aquaflex SF 40 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Respiratory protection (supplied-air respirator with full facepiece or self-contained breathing apparatus) should be available where these compounds are manufactured or used and should be worn in case of emergency and overexposure. /Phosphorus compounds/ Aquaflex SF 40 Shipment Methods and Regulations No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./ Aquaflex SF 40 Other Hazardous Reactions A portion of even the most flammable materials is likely to be lost by vaporization. ... The smoke from an open fire used to destroy pesticides will contain some of the poison. Burning should be attempted only in an isolated place. Inhalation of smoke must be avoided. /Pesticides/ Aquaflex SF 40 Acute Toxicity Link Chemical: JODFENPHOS Aquaflex SF 40 ınteractions Some phenothiazines may antagonize & some may potentiate the toxic anticholinesterase effects of ... /organophosphorus insecticides/. /Organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors/ Aquaflex SF 40 Antidote and Emergency Treatment A comatose patient who is diaphoretic, has pinpoint pupils and the odor of an insecticide on clothing or breath, and is noted to have muscle fasciculations represents the classic presentation of organophosphate poisoning. ... Specific steps in management include the following. 1. Decontamination. ... 2 Airway. Establish an airway if necessary. ... 3. Respiratory Status. Respiratory distress, in fact, is commonly found in these patients from multiple causes. ... 4. Cardiac Monitoring. ... 5. Cholinesterase Level. ... 6. Pralidoxime. Pralidoxime is the treatment of choice for organophosphate poisoning and should be used for nearly all patients with clinically significant orgnophosphate poisoning, particularly whose patients with muscular fasciculations and weakness. ... 7. Atropine. Atropine is the physiologic antidote for organophosphate poisoning. A trial dose of atropine should be instituted on clinical ground when one suspects organophosphate intoxication. /Organophosphate poisoning/ Aquaflex SF 40 Medical Surveillance Workers handling & applying pesticides must undergo an annual medical examination at the beginning of each agricultural season. Contraindications for work with /organophosphorus pesticides/ are organic diseases of the central nervous system, mental disorders & epilepsy, pronounced endocrine & vegetative disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases & circulatory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer), gastroenterocolitis, diseases of liver & kidneys, eye diseases (chronic conjunctivitis & keratitis). The blood cholinesterase activity must be determined before work starts. In the event of prolonged work periods, this activity should be determined at intervals of 3-4 days. Persons exhibiting a fall in cholinesterase activity of 25% or more must be transferred to other work where they are not exposed to organophosphorus pesticides until this activity is completely restored. Persons with initial signs of indisposition should cease work with pesticides. /Organophosphorus pesticides/ Aquaflex SF 40 Human Toxicity Excerpts Five sprayers and one mixer applied 50% water-wettable iodofenfos powder as a 5% suspension of active ingredient at an intended rate of 2 gm/sq m. They treated a village of 874 homes and 412 other structures. Most of the walls were of mud and the roofs of thatch. The work required 5 to 6 hr/day for 8 days. No complaints attributed to the insecticide were elicited from the 6 workers or the 1819 inhabitants of the village. There was no significant depression of whole-blood cholinesterase among the workers or among over 30 inhabitants who were tested 1 and 10 days after spraying. Aquaflex SF 40 Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts ... NON-IRRITANT TO EYES OF RABBITS. ... IN 90-DAY FEEDING TRIALS NO EFFECT LEVEL WAS: FOR RATS 5 MG/KG DIET (0.38 MG/KG) DAILY); FOR DOGS 15 MG/KG DIET (0.45 MG/KG DAILY). LC50 (96 HR) FOR ... BLUEGILL 0.42-0.75 MG/L. IN LABORATORY TRIALS IT IS SLIGHTLY TOXIC TO HONEYBEES AND NON-TOXIC TO BIRDS. Aquaflex SF 40 Ecotoxicity Values LC50 Rainbow trout 0.016 mg/l/96 hr @ 12 °C (95% confidence limit 0.012-0.023 mg/l, wt 0.7 g Aquaflex SF 40 Populations at Special Risk Work ... must not be carried out by young persons under 18 yr, expectant or nursing mothers, or persons for whom work with toxic chemicals is contraindicated on account of their state of health; the same applies to alcoholics. Contraindications for work with organophosphorus pesticides are organic diseases of the CNS, mental disorders & epilepsy, pronounced endocrine & vegetative disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and circulatory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer), gastroenterocolitis, diseases of the liver & kidneys, eye diseases (chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis). /Organophosphorus pesticides/ Aquaflex SF 40 Environmental Bioconcentration Bioconcentration Factor Aquaflex SF 40 VP / Vynylcaprolactam / DMAPA Acrylates Copolymer Skin Care Hair Care
AQUALINK U
AQUALINK U


Aqualink U is a dispersion of blocked TDI dimer.
Aqualink U acts as a crosslinker.
Aqualink U is miscible in water and exhibits barely perceptible odor.


Aqualink U is an aqueous dispersion of an isocyanate dimer which has been chemically blocked to make it stable in the presence of water. 
Aqualink U is a dispersion of blocked TDI dimer.
Aqualink U is miscible in water and exhibits barely perceptible odor.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AQUALINK U:
Aqualink U is used in textile applications to give storage-stable formulas which crosslink at low temperature.
Aqualink U is used as a crosslinker in polyurethane dispersions (PUD’s)
Aqualink U has been designed for use in combination with polyurethane dispersions in the manufacture of one-part water-based adhesives for membrane and 3D press applications.


Aqualink U acts as a crosslinker. 
Aqualink U is recommended for many types of polyurethane dispersions (PUD'S). 
Aqualink U can also be used to formulate water-based alternatives to solvent borne systems. 
Aqualink U should not be used with strong acids, strong bases and nitrates.


Aqualink U is used in the formulation of 1-component membrane press adhesives.
Aqualink U can also be used to formulate water-based alternatives to solvent borne systems.
Aqualink U should not be used with strong acids, strong bases and nitrates.


Aqualink U is an aqueous dispersion of an isocyanate dimer which has been chemically blocked to make it stable in the presence of water.
Aqualink U has been designed for use in combination with polyurethane dispersions in the manufacture of one-part water-based adhesives for membrane and 3D press applications.



FEATURES OF AQUALINK U:
*Supplied as a stable non-hazardous dispersion
*Good stability when formulated with PUD's and other polymers
*No mixing or pot life issues
*Isocyanate activates at line temperatures of 65 - 70°C
*Fast in-press crosslinking
*Can be used to meet and exceed BS 6222/6250 heat resistance standard



FIRST AID MEASURES of AQUALINK U:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Remove contact lenses.
*After swallowing:
Make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AQUALINK U:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AQUALINK U:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AQUALINK U:
-Control parameters
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AQUALINK U:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AQUALINK U:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
AQUALINK U
Acts as a crosslinker.
Aqualink U is miscible in water and exhibits barely perceptible odor.
Recommended for many types of polyurethane dispersions (PUD'S).
Can also be used to formulate water-based alternatives to solvent borne systems.
Aqualink U should not be used with strong acids, strong bases and nitrates.
Aqualink U is colorless transparent viscous liquid with sweet taste and moisture absorption capability.

Aqualink U is also miscible with water, low-grade aliphatic alcohols, glycerol, acetic acid, acetone, ketones, aldehydes, pyridine and similar coal tar bases.
Aqualink U is slightly soluble in ether but almost insoluble in benzene and its homologues, chlorinated hydrocarbons, petroleum ether and oils.

Uses
Aqualink U is used as an antifreeze inheating and cooling systems (e.g., automobileradiators and coolant for airplane motors).
Aqualink U is also used in the hydraulic brake fluids;as a solvent for paints, plastics, and inks; as a softening agent for cellophane; and in themanufacture of plasticizers, elastomers, alkydresins, and synthetic fibers and waxes.
Reagent typically used in cyclocondensation reactions with aldehydes1 and ketones 1,2 to form 1,3-dioxolanes.

Synonyms
2-Hydroxyethanol
Aliphatic diol
Athylenglykol
Dihydroxyethane
dowtherm
Dowtherm SR 1
dowthermsr1
ethane-1,
AQUALON 12M31P CELLULOSE GUM (CMC)

Aqualon 12M31P is a brand name for a specific type of cellulose gum, also known as Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC).
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural component of plants.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is commonly used in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products, as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: Cellulose gum, Sodium CMC, Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC, Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Sodium cellulose glycolate, Sodium salt of Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC), Cellulose carboxymethylate, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Carboxymethylated cellulose, Cellulose carboxymethylether, Carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, Sodium Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) ether, Carboxymethylated cellulose gum, Cellulose carboxymethylate sodium salt, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose ether, Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) sodium, Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gum, Sodium salt of Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) gum, Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) ether sodium salt, Carboxymethyl cellulose ether sodium salt, Sodium Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) gum, Carboxymethyl cellulose gum sodium salt, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose gum, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose, Sodium Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) carboxymethylate, Carboxymethylated cellulose sodium salt, Sodium cellulose carboxymethylate, Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium cellulose carboxymethylether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose carboxymethylate, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose gum, Sodium salt of carboxymethylated cellulose ether, Sodium Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) carboxymethylate, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose carboxymethylether, Sodium cellulose carboxymethyl ether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose carboxymethylether, Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Sodium Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) carboxymethyl ether



APPLICATIONS


Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) contributes to the viscosity and texture of these products, improving their performance and user experience.
In industrial applications, CMC serves as a binder in paper coatings and adhesives, improving print quality and adhesion.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) acts as a dispersant in ceramic glazes, preventing sedimentation and ensuring uniformity.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is biodegradable and environmentally friendly, making it a preferred choice in many applications.

Its water-retention properties make it valuable in agriculture for soil stabilization and water retention.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is compatible with other additives and ingredients, allowing for versatile formulations.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is available in various grades and viscosities to suit different application requirements.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food and pharmaceutical products.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) undergoes rigorous quality control to ensure purity and consistency in manufacturing processes.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is soluble in cold water, which facilitates its incorporation into formulations.
Its rheological properties can be adjusted to achieve desired flow characteristics in products.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) has excellent film-forming properties, useful in coatings and packaging applications.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is stable over a wide pH range, making it suitable for acidic and alkaline formulations.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is a valuable additive that contributes to the quality, performance, and stability of numerous products across industries.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is commonly used as a thickening agent in food products such as sauces, dressings, and gravies.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to ice cream to improve texture and prevent the formation of ice crystals.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in yogurt to enhance creaminess and stability.

In baked goods, it helps retain moisture and improve dough handling properties.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is utilized in pharmaceutical tablets and capsules as a binder and disintegrant.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) controls the release of active ingredients in oral medications, ensuring proper dosage.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to eye drops and ophthalmic solutions to increase viscosity and prolong contact time on the ocular surface.

In cosmetics, it is used in creams, lotions, and gels to provide viscosity and improve product spreadability.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is found in toothpaste formulations where it acts as a binder and thickening agent.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to shampoo and conditioner to enhance viscosity and improve hair conditioning properties.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in textile printing pastes to thicken and stabilize pigments.
In papermaking, it serves as a coating binder, improving print quality and ink adhesion.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in ceramic glazes to prevent settling of particles and ensure uniform coverage.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to detergents and cleaning products to provide viscosity and stabilize formulations.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in oil drilling fluids to control viscosity and fluid loss.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) acts as a filtration control agent in drilling muds, improving drilling efficiency.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is utilized in adhesives and sealants to provide viscosity and improve bonding strength.

In textile sizing, it helps to increase fabric strength and prevent yarn breakage during weaving.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to latex paints as a thickener and stabilizer, improving paint flow and leveling.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in pet care products such as shampoos and grooming aids for its thickening and emulsifying properties.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in agricultural formulations as a suspension agent for pesticides and fertilizers.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) improves the dispersion of active ingredients and prevents settling in spray solutions.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in construction materials such as mortar and grout to improve workability and adhesion.
In textile dyeing, it acts as a dye thickener, aiding in the even application of color.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) finds applications in a wide range of industries due to its versatility, stability, and compatibility with other ingredients.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in the manufacture of ceramics to improve plasticity and reduce shrinkage during shaping.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to pet foods as a binder and thickener to improve texture and palatability.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is utilized in oil and gas drilling operations to stabilize boreholes and prevent formation damage.
In textile finishing, it is applied as a sizing agent to improve fabric handle and reduce fiber abrasion.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to battery electrolytes to enhance viscosity and conductivity.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in the production of detergents and cleaning agents to provide thickening and foam stabilization.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in water-based paints and coatings as a rheology modifier to control flow and leveling.
In the manufacture of ceramic tiles, it is used in glaze formulations to improve adhesion and gloss.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to petrochemical products as a thickener and suspending agent.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in the formulation of crop protection products to improve spray coverage and adhesion.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is utilized in the manufacture of leather goods as a binder and stiffening agent.
In the construction industry, it is used in cementitious materials to improve workability and reduce cracking.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to textile printing pastes to improve color penetration and definition.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in the manufacture of detergents to enhance soil suspension and prevent redeposition.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in the production of ceramics to improve green strength and reduce cracking during drying.

In the pharmaceutical industry, it is added to topical creams and ointments to improve spreadability.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in the formulation of dietary supplements as a thickener and stabilizer.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in the production of biodegradable films and coatings for packaging applications.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is added to concrete mixes to improve slump retention and reduce water migration.

In the oilfield industry, it is used in hydraulic fracturing fluids to improve fluid loss control.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is employed in the formulation of personal lubricants to enhance viscosity and lubricity.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in the production of artificial tears and eye drops to improve ocular surface hydration.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is utilized in the manufacture of ceramic membranes for water filtration applications.

In the textile industry, it is applied as a sizing agent to improve fabric tensile strength and abrasion resistance.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) finds applications in numerous industrial processes due to its unique rheological and adhesive properties.



DESCRIPTION


Aqualon 12M31P is a brand name for a specific type of cellulose gum, also known as Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC).
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural component of plants.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is commonly used in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products, as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is often used in food products such as ice cream, yogurt, salad dressings, and baked goods to improve texture, provide viscosity, and prevent ingredient separation.
In pharmaceuticals, it can be found in oral medications, where it helps to control the release of active ingredients.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is used in formulations such as creams, lotions, and shampoos to enhance product consistency and stability.

Aqualon 12M31P is likely a specific grade or formulation of cellulose gum.
Different grades of Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) may vary in their viscosity, particle size, and other properties, allowing for customization to meet the specific requirements of different applications.

Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is a versatile polysaccharide derivative widely used in various industries.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is derived from cellulose, a natural component of plant cell walls.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is known for its ability to form transparent, viscous solutions when dissolved in water.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) functions as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in a wide range of products.
In food applications, Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) enhances texture and mouthfeel in ice cream, yogurt, and sauces.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) prevents crystallization in frozen desserts and maintains product consistency in dairy products.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is extensively used in pharmaceutical formulations to control the release of active ingredients in tablets and capsules.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) improves the flow properties of powders and aids in the binding of ingredients in solid dosage forms.
In cosmetics, Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is utilized in creams, lotions, and gels for its thickening and stabilizing properties.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) helps to create smooth, homogeneous formulations and enhances product spreadability.
Aqualon 12M31P cellulose gum (CMC) is also employed in personal care products such as toothpaste and shampoo.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Typically white to off-white powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Solubility: Soluble in water, forming clear to slightly opaque solutions.
pH: Typically ranges from 6.0 to 8.5 in a 1% aqueous solution.
Density: Varies depending on the grade and degree of substitution, typically around 0.5 to 0.7 g/cm³.
Molecular Weight: Varies depending on the degree of polymerization and substitution.
Particle Size: Varies depending on the grade and manufacturer, typically ranging from fine powder to granules.
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air, but does not dissolve in it.
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions, but may degrade at high temperatures or extreme pH levels.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: (C6H10O5)n - [C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa]m
Molecular Structure: Linear polymer consisting of repeating glucose units with carboxymethyl groups attached.
Degree of Substitution (DS): The average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit in the cellulose chain, typically ranging from 0.2 to 1.5.
Ionic Character: Anionic polymer due to the presence of carboxymethyl groups, which dissociate in water to form negatively charged carboxylate ions.
Degree of Polymerization (DP): The average number of glucose units in the cellulose chain, which can vary depending on the source and manufacturing process.
Hydrophilicity: Highly hydrophilic due to the presence of numerous hydroxyl groups, making it readily soluble in water.
Rheological Properties: Exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning its viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.
Gel Formation: Can form gels at high concentrations or in the presence of multivalent ions such as calcium.
pH Sensitivity: Stable over a wide pH range, but may undergo degradation at extreme pH values.
Thermal Properties: Decomposes at high temperatures, typically above 200°C, releasing carbon dioxide and water vapor.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

Move the affected person to fresh air if they are experiencing respiratory discomfort.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention immediately.
If the person is not breathing, perform artificial respiration and seek emergency medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.
Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation persists or if skin becomes damaged, seek medical attention.
Contaminated clothing should be removed and washed before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Flush eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if irritation or pain is mild.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so, but do not delay irrigation to do this.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse mouth with water and drink plenty of water to dilute the material.
Seek medical attention immediately, especially if a large amount of the substance has been ingested.


Notes to Physician:

Treat symptomatically and supportively.
In case of inhalation, administer oxygen and assist ventilation if necessary.
For eye contact, evaluate for corneal injury and treat accordingly.
If ingested, monitor for gastrointestinal symptoms and provide appropriate supportive care.


General Advice:

Ensure that affected individuals are removed from exposure and provided with appropriate medical attention.
Do not administer anything orally to an unconscious person.
In case of fire or explosion, follow appropriate firefighting procedures and evacuation protocols.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to prevent skin contact and eye irritation.
Use respiratory protection if handling CMC in dusty conditions or if ventilation is inadequate.


Handling Precautions:
Avoid inhalation of dust or mist by handling CMC in well-ventilated areas.
Minimize skin contact by wearing gloves and other protective clothing.
Use dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or dust suppression techniques to reduce airborne dust levels.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling CMC.
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling CMC and before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Equipment Handling:
Use appropriate handling equipment such as scoops, shovels, or containers with lids to transfer CMC to prevent spills and minimize dust generation.
Ensure that handling equipment is clean and dry to prevent contamination of CMC.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Store CMC away from strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and incompatible materials to prevent reactions or degradation.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store CMC in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range specified by the manufacturer to prevent degradation.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.

Container Compatibility:
Use containers made of compatible materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or glass to store CMC.
Ensure that containers are clean, dry, and free from any residues to prevent contamination of CMC.

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Store CMC away from incompatible materials such as strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reactive chemicals to prevent reactions or contamination.

Segregation Requirements:
Segregate CMC from food, feed, and pharmaceuticals to prevent accidental contamination.

Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities of CMC, use appropriate storage facilities such as warehouses or storage rooms equipped with adequate ventilation and temperature control.

Storage Duration:
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for shelf life and storage duration of CMC.
Rotate stock regularly to ensure that older material is used first and to minimize the risk of degradation or spoilage.

Security Measures:
Store CMC in a secure area to prevent unauthorized access or tampering.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of CMC with the product name, manufacturer information, date of receipt, and any relevant hazard information.

Emergency Preparedness:
Have appropriate spill control and containment measures in place in case of accidental spills or releases.
Train personnel on proper handling and emergency response procedures for CMC.

AQUALON CMC
Aqualon CMC has a viscosity of 1,000-2,800, a concentration of 1, and a spindle number of 3.
Aqualon CMC is a cellulose gum, or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) that is widely used as an economical thickener and stabilizer in foods and beverages.
Besides modifying the behavior of water, Aqualon CMC is useful in suspending solids and modifying the flow and texture.

CAS: 9004-32-4
MF: C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa
EINECS: 618-378-6

Synonyms
Aquacide I, Calbiochem;Aquacide II, Calbiochem;Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose sodium;Cellex;Cellulose carboxymethyl ether, sodium;cellulose gum;SODIUM CARBOXY METHYL CELLULOSE (CMC);SCMC(SODIUM CARBOXY;METHYL CELULLOSE;SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE;9004-32-4;sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate;Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP);Carboxymethylcellulose cellulose carboxymethyl ether;Celluvisc (TN);Carmellose sodium (JP17);CHEMBL242021;SCHEMBL25311455;C.M.C. (TN);CHEBI:31357;Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (MW 250000);D01544;M.W. 700000(DS=0.9) ,2500 - 4500mPa.s

Aqualon CMC has the ability to form strong, oil-resistant films.
Aqualon CMC is a water-soluble polymer.
As a solution in water, Aqualon CMC has thixotropic properties.
Aqualon CMC is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).
Aqualon CMC is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).
However, Aqualon CMC's sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.

Aqualon CMC is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.
Aqualon CMC is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.
A semisynthetic, water-soluble polymer in which CH 2 COOH groups are substituted on the glucose units of the cellulose chain through an ether link- age.
Mw ranges from 21,000 to 500,000.
Since the reaction occurs in an alkaline medium, Aqualon CMC is the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid R-O- CH 2 COONa.

Aqualon CMC belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.
Aqualon CMC's components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.
Aqualon CMC is a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.
Aqualon CMC or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups (-CH2-COOH) bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone.
Aqualon CMC is often used in its sodium salt form, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Aqualon CMC used to be marketed under the name Tylose, a registered trademark of SE Tylose.

Aqualon CMC Chemical Properties
Melting point: 274 °C (dec.)
Density: 1,6 g/cm3
FEMA: 2239 | CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
Storage temp.: room temp
Solubility H2O: 20 mg/mL, soluble
Form: low viscosity
pka: 4.30(at 25℃)
Color: White to light yellow
Odor: Odorless
PH Range: 6.5 - 8.5
PH: pH (10g/l, 25℃) 6.0~8.0
Water Solubility: soluble
Merck: 14,1829
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
EPA Substance Registry System: Aqualon CMC (9004-32-4)

Aqualon CMC occurs as a white to almost white, odorless, tasteless, granular powder.
Aqualon CMC is hygroscopic after drying.
Aqualon CMC is a white or lightly yellow powder with no odor, flavor, or poisonous properties.
Aqualon CMC is hygroscopic and dissolves well in hot or cold water, forming a viscous solution.
Aqualon CMC is not soluble in organic solvents like methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, and benzene.
The functional properties of Aqualon CMC depend on the degree of substitution of the cellulose structure (i.e., how many of the hydroxyl groups have been converted to carboxymethylene groups in the substitution reaction), as well as the chain length of the cellulose backbone structure and the degree of clustering of the carboxymethyl substituents.
Aqualon CMC is commonly used as a viscosity modifier or thickener, and to stabilize emulsions in various products, both food and non-food-related.
Aqualon CMC is mainly used because it has a high viscosity, is nontoxic, and is generally considered to be hypoallergenic.

Uses
Aqualon CMC is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Aqualon CMC is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.
Aqualon CMC is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Aqualon CMC is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Aqualon CMC is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Aqualon CMC is one of the most important products of cellulose ethers, which are formed by natural cellulose modification as a kind of cellulose derivate with an ether structure.
Due to the fact that the acid form of Aqualon CMC has poor water solubility, it is usually preserved as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which is widely used in many industries and regarded as monosodium glutamate in industry.

Aqualon CMC is used in cigarette adhesive, fabric sizing, footwear paste meal, home slimy.
Aqualon CMC is used in interior painting architectural, building lines melamine, thickening mortar, concrete enhancement.
Aqualon CMC is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Aqualon CMC is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.
Aqualon CMC can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.
Aqualon CMC can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.
In drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes, as protective colloid in general.

Pharmaceutic aid (suspending agent; tablet excipient; viscosity-increasing agent).
Aqualon CMC is used in drilling muds, in detergents as a soil-suspending agent, in resin emulsion paints, adhesives, printing inks, textile sizes and protective colloid.
Aqualon CMC acts as a stabilizer in foods.
Aqualon CMC is also employed in pharmaceuticals as a suspending agent and excipients for tablets.
Aqualon CMC is used as viscosity modifiers to stabilize the emulsions.
Aqualon CMC is used as a lubricant in artificial tears and it is used to characterize enzyme activity from endoglucanases.

Pharmaceutical Applications
Aqualon CMC is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic derivative.
Aqualon CMC is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, primarily for its viscosity-increasing properties.
Viscous aqueous solutions are used to suspend powders intended for either topical application or oral and parenteral administration.
Aqualon CMC may also be used as a tablet binder and disintegrant, and to stabilize emulsions.
Higher concentrations, usually 3–6%, of the medium-viscosity grade are used to produce gels that can be used as the base for applications and pastes; glycols are often included in such gels to prevent them drying out.

Aqualon CMC is also used in self-adhesive ostomy, wound care, and dermatological patches as a muco-adhesive and to absorb wound exudate or transepidermal water and sweat.
This muco-adhesive property is used in products designed to prevent post-surgical tissue adhesions; and to localize and modify the release kinetics of active ingredients applied to mucous membranes; and for bone repair.
Encapsulation with Aqualon CMC can affect drug protection and delivery.
There have also been reports of Aqualon CMC's use as a cyto-protective agent.
Aqualon CMC is also used in cosmetics, toiletries, surgical prosthetics, and incontinence, personal hygiene, and food products.

Usage Instruction
Use warm water or cold water when preparing the solution, and stir till Aqualon CMC completely melts.
The amout of added water depends on variety and the use of multiple requirements.
High viscosity Aqualon CMC is a white or slightly yellow fibrous powder, hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, easy to ferment, insoluble in acids, alcohols and organic solvents, easily dispersed to form colloidal solution in water.
Aqualon CMC is reacted by the acid and fibrous cotton, it is mainly used for water-based drilling fluids tackifier, it has certain role of fluid loss, Aqualon CMC has strong salt and temperature resistance especially.
Aqualon CMC is a thickener, binder, and emulsifier equivalent to cellulose fiber.
Aqualon CMC is resistant to bacterial decomposition and provides a product with uniform viscosity.
Aqualon CMC can prevent skin moisture loss by forming a film on the skin’s surface, and also help mask odor in a cosmetic product.
Constituents are any of several fibrous substances consisting of the chief part of a plant’s cell walls (often extracted from wood pulp or cotton).

Synthesis
Aqualon CMC is formed when cellulose reacts with mono chloroacetic acid or its sodium salt under alkaline condition with presence of organic solvent, hydroxyl groups substituted by Aqualon CMC in C2, C3 and C6 of glucose, which substitution slightly prevails at C2 position.
Generally, there are two steps in manufacturing process of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alkalinization and etherification.

Step 1: Alkalinization
Disperse the raw material cellulose pulp in alkali solution (generally sodium hydroxide, 5–50%) to obtain alkali cellulose.
Cell-OH+NaOH →Cell·O-Na+ +H2O

Step 2: Etherification
Etherification of alkali cellulose with sodium monochloroacetate (up to 30%) in an alcohol-water medium.
The mixture of alkali cellulose and reagent is heated (50–75°C) and stirred during the process.
ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O
Cell·O-Na+ +ClCH2COO- →Cell-OCH2COO-Na
The DS of the sodium CMC can be controlled by the reaction conditions and use of organic solvents (such as isopropanol).

Product Features
Aqualon CMC is tackifier, at room temperature, it is non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder, it is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, it is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, Aqualon CMC is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.
Aqualon CMC is the substituted product of cellulosic carboxymethyl group.
According to their molecular weight or degree of substitution, Aqualon CMC can be completely dissolved or insoluble polymer, the latter can be used as the weak acid cation of exchanger to separate neutral or basic proteins.
Aqualon CMC can form highly viscous colloidal solution with adhesive, thickening, flowing, emulsifying, shaping, water, protective colloid, film forming, acid, salt, suspensions and other characteristics, and Aqualon CMC is physiologically harmless, so it is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, oil, paper, textiles, construction and other areas of production.

Production Methods
Alkali cellulose is prepared by steeping cellulose obtained from wood pulp or cotton fibers in sodium hydroxide solution.
The alkaline cellulose is then reacted with sodium monochloroacetate to produce Aqualon CMC.
Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate are obtained as by-products of this etherification.

Preparation
Aqualon CMC is synthesized by the alkali-catalyzed reaction of cellulose with chloroacetic acid.
The polar (organic acid) carboxyl groups render the cellulose soluble and chemically reactive.
Fabrics made of cellulose–e.g., cotton or viscose rayon—may also be converted into Aqualon CMC.

Following the initial reaction, the resultant mixture produces approximately 60% CMC and 40% salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).
Aqualon CMC, called technical CMC, is used in detergents.
An additional purification process is used to remove salts to produce pure Aqualon CMC, which is used for food and pharmaceutical applications.
An intermediate "semi-purified" grade is also produced, which is typically used in paper applications such as the restoration of archival documents.
AQUALON CMC-7H3SF

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is a specific grade or type of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) manufactured by Ashland Specialty Chemical Company, which is now part of the company Ashland Global Holdings Inc.
The term "Aqualon" is a trademark used for cellulose gum products.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EC Number: 618-378-6

Synonyms: Aqualon CMC-7H3SF, Aqualon cellulose gum, Aqualon carboxymethylcellulose, Aqualon CMC, Ashland CMC-7H3SF, Ashland cellulose gum, Ashland carboxymethylcellulose, Ashland CMC, CMC-7H3SF, Cellulose gum CMC-7H3SF, Cellulose gum 7H3SF, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF, CMC 7H3SF, Cellulose gum SF, Carboxymethylcellulose SF, CMC SF, Aqualon 7H3SF, Ashland 7H3SF, Cellulose gum Aqualon, Carboxymethylcellulose Aqualon, CMC Aqualon, Aqualon SF, Ashland SF, Cellulose gum Ashland, Carboxymethylcellulose Ashland, CMC Ashland, CMC-7H3SF Aqualon, Cellulose gum 7H3SF Aqualon, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF Aqualon, Cellulose gum SF Aqualon, Carboxymethylcellulose SF Aqualon, CMC SF Aqualon, CMC-7H3SF Ashland, Cellulose gum 7H3SF Ashland, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF Ashland, Cellulose gum SF Ashland, Carboxymethylcellulose SF Ashland, CMC SF Ashland, CMC-7H3SF cellulose gum, Cellulose gum 7H3SF CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF CMC, Cellulose gum SF CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose SF CMC, CMC SF cellulose gum, CMC-7H3SF Ashland cellulose gum, Cellulose gum 7H3SF Ashland CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF Ashland CMC, Cellulose gum SF Ashland CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose SF Ashland CMC, CMC SF Ashland cellulose gum, CMC-7H3SF Aqualon cellulose gum, Cellulose gum 7H3SF Aqualon CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF Aqualon CMC, Cellulose gum SF Aqualon CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose SF Aqualon CMC, CMC SF Aqualon cellulose gum, CMC-7H3SF cellulose gum Ashland, Cellulose gum 7H3SF CMC Ashland, Carboxymethylcellulose 7H3SF CMC Ashland, Cellulose gum SF CMC Ashland



APPLICATIONS


Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is commonly used as a thickening agent in various food products such as sauces, dressings, and desserts.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the pharmaceutical industry as a binder in tablet formulations to improve the cohesion and disintegration of tablets.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF serves as a stabilizer in personal care products including toothpaste, lotions, and creams, ensuring product consistency and texture.
In the textile industry, it is employed as a sizing agent to improve the strength and handle of fabrics.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the production of ceramics as a binder and rheology modifier, aiding in shaping and glazing processes.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to latex paints as a thickener and rheology modifier to improve flow properties and prevent settling of pigments.

In the construction industry, Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in cement-based materials such as mortar and grout to improve workability and adhesion.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of adhesives and sealants as a rheology modifier and binder, improving bonding strength and stability.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to detergents and cleaning products to provide viscosity and stabilize formulations, improving cleaning efficacy.
In the agricultural sector, it is utilized in crop protection formulations as a suspending agent and dispersant, enhancing the effectiveness of agrochemicals.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to battery electrolytes to improve viscosity and ion conductivity, enhancing battery performance.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the production of biodegradable films and coatings for packaging, providing barrier properties and moisture resistance.
In the pet care industry, Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to grooming products such as shampoos and conditioners for its thickening and emulsifying properties.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of artificial tears and eye lubricants to improve ocular surface hydration and comfort.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the production of dietary supplements and pharmaceutical formulations as a binder and disintegrant in tablet compression.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the formulation of hydrogel dressings for wound care applications, providing moisture retention and promoting wound healing.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of ceramic membranes for water filtration, improving separation efficiency and water quality.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the production of biocompatible medical implants and drug delivery systems, providing controlled release and tissue compatibility.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to textile printing pastes to improve color penetration and definition, enhancing print quality and durability.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the production of hydrocolloid dressings for wound care, providing moisture retention and promoting healing.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the formulation of pet foods as a thickening agent and binder, improving texture and palatability.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to ceramic bodies for extrusion processes, improving plasticity and reducing drying defects in finished products.

In the agriculture industry, Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used as a binder in pelletized fertilizers and seed coatings, improving handling and dispersal.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the production of biocompatible coatings for medical devices and implants, providing lubricity and corrosion resistance.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is a versatile polymer with diverse applications across various industries, contributing to product performance and functionality.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the production of water-based paints and coatings as a thickener and rheology modifier, improving application properties and film formation.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the paper industry as a surface sizing agent to improve paper strength, printability, and water resistance.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to dairy products such as yogurt and ice cream to improve texture, stability, and mouthfeel.

In the mining industry, it is used as a flocculant in ore processing to aid in solid-liquid separation and wastewater treatment.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the formulation of drilling fluids in oil and gas exploration to control viscosity, fluid loss, and wellbore stability.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to welding rods and fluxes as a binder and rheology modifier to improve adhesion and performance during welding processes.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the production of gels and ointments for topical drug delivery applications, providing consistency and controlled release.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of air fresheners and deodorizers as a gelling agent and fragrance carrier, improving product performance and longevity.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the formulation of agricultural pesticides and herbicides as a suspension agent and stabilizer, enhancing efficacy and shelf life.
In the cosmetics industry, it is added to mascara formulations as a thickener and film former to improve adhesion and wear resistance.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the production of biodegradable packaging materials such as bioplastics and films, providing barrier properties and sustainability.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the formulation of mold release agents and lubricants for plastic and rubber processing, improving moldability and part release.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of latex foams for mattresses and upholstery as a stabilizer and rheology modifier, enhancing comfort and durability.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is added to water-based adhesives and glues as a thickener and binder to improve tackiness and adhesion properties.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the production of detergents and cleaning products as a viscosity modifier and stabilizer, enhancing cleaning performance.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of personal lubricants and intimate gels as a thickener and lubricity enhancer, improving comfort and pleasure.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the formulation of biodegradable mulch films for agricultural applications, providing moisture retention and weed suppression.
In the automotive industry, it is added to car polishes and waxes as a thickener and suspending agent to improve application properties and shine.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the production of inkjet printing inks as a stabilizer and rheology modifier to improve print quality and color accuracy.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the production of polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells and batteries, enhancing ion conductivity and membrane stability.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF finds applications in the production of ceramic filters for water purification, improving filtration efficiency and contaminant removal.

In the construction industry, it is added to mortar and grout formulations as a water retention agent and rheology modifier, improving workability and strength.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is used in the formulation of chewing gum as a thickener and binder to improve texture and chewiness.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is employed in the production of latex paints and coatings as a stabilizer and rheology modifier, improving flow properties and pigment dispersion.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is utilized in the production of biodegradable disposable diapers and sanitary products as a superabsorbent material, enhancing fluid retention and leakage protection.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is compatible with a variety of other ingredients and additives.
The degree of substitution (DS) of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF influences its performance characteristics.

This grade of CMC is often used in food products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is valued for its ability to enhance texture and stability in formulations.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF can form stable gels at higher concentrations or in the presence of certain ions.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is biocompatible and non-toxic, making it suitable for medical and personal care applications.
The purity and consistency of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF ensure reliable performance.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is widely used as a binder, thickener, and stabilizer in various industries.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF plays a crucial role in controlling moisture levels and preventing syneresis in food products.

Its pseudoplastic behavior makes it suitable for applications requiring easy flow and spreadability.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF contributes to the texture, mouthfeel, and overall sensory experience of food and beverage products.
In pharmaceutical formulations, it aids in drug delivery and disintegration of tablets.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is valued for its film-forming properties in coatings and packaging materials.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is biodegradable and environmentally friendly, aligning with sustainable product development practices.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF undergoes stringent quality control measures to ensure compliance with industry standards.
Its versatility and reliability have made it a staple ingredient in countless consumer products.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF stands as a versatile and indispensable component in a wide range of formulations across multiple industries.



DESCRIPTION


Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is a specific grade or type of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) manufactured by Ashland Specialty Chemical Company, which is now part of the company Ashland Global Holdings Inc.
The term "Aqualon" is a trademark used for cellulose gum products.

CMC-7H3SF is a type of carboxymethylcellulose that has been modified to meet specific performance requirements or standards set by Ashland for various applications.
The exact composition and properties of CMC-7H3SF may vary depending on its intended use, but like other types of carboxymethylcellulose, it is typically used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and binder in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is a finely powdered cellulose derivative.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF appears as a white to off-white powder.

The texture of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is typically fine and granular.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF has a neutral odor and taste, making it suitable for various applications.

Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is water-soluble, forming clear to slightly opaque solutions.
The viscosity of its solutions can be adjusted depending on concentration and other factors.

This cellulose gum is known for its excellent thickening properties.
Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is stable over a wide pH range.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Fine white to off-white powder or granules.
Odor: Odorless.
Taste: Tasteless.
Solubility: Soluble in water to form clear to slightly opaque solutions.
pH: Typically ranges from 6.0 to 8.5 in a 1% aqueous solution.
Density: Varies depending on the grade and manufacturer, typically around 0.5 to 0.7 g/cm³.
Particle Size: Varies depending on the grade and manufacturing process, typically in the micrometer range.
Hygroscopicity: Absorbs moisture from the air but does not dissolve in it.
Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; may degrade at high temperatures or extreme pH levels.
Viscosity: Exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate.
Gelling Properties: Can form stable gels at higher concentrations or in the presence of multivalent ions.
Film Formation: Capable of forming thin, flexible films when dried.


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: (C6H10O5)n - [C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa]m
Molecular Structure: Linear polymer consisting of repeating glucose units with carboxymethyl groups attached.
Degree of Substitution (DS): The average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit in the cellulose chain, influencing its properties.
Ionic Character: Anionic polymer due to the presence of carboxymethyl groups, which dissociate in water to form negatively charged carboxylate ions.
Degree of Polymerization (DP): The average number of glucose units in the cellulose chain, which can vary depending on the source and manufacturing process.
Hydrophilicity: Highly hydrophilic due to the presence of numerous hydroxyl groups, making it readily soluble in water.
Thermal Properties: Decomposes at high temperatures, typically above 200°C, releasing carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Biodegradability: Biodegradable under certain conditions, with degradation rates depending on environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, and microbial activity.



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is inhaled and respiratory discomfort occurs, immediately move the affected person to fresh air.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen if available and seek medical attention promptly.
In case of severe respiratory distress or unconsciousness, administer artificial respiration and seek emergency medical assistance.


Skin Contact:

If Aqualon CMC-7H3SF comes into contact with the skin, promptly remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water.
Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water to remove any residual material.
If irritation persists or if skin becomes damaged, seek medical attention for further evaluation and treatment.


Eye Contact:

In the event of eye contact, immediately flush the eyes with gently flowing water for at least 15 minutes, holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do so, but do not delay irrigation to do this.
Seek immediate medical attention, even if irritation or pain is mild or if vision appears normal.


Ingestion:

If Aqualon CMC-7H3SF is ingested accidentally, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and encourage the affected person to drink plenty of water to dilute the material.
Seek medical attention immediately, especially if a large amount of the substance has been ingested.


Notes to Physician:

Treat symptomatically and supportively.
In case of inhalation, administer oxygen and assist ventilation if necessary.
For eye contact, evaluate for corneal injury and treat accordingly.
If ingested, monitor for gastrointestinal symptoms and provide appropriate supportive care.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate protective clothing, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat or protective clothing, to prevent skin contact and eye irritation.
Use respiratory protection if handling Aqualon CMC-7H3SF in dusty conditions or if ventilation is inadequate.

Handling Precautions:
Avoid inhalation of dust or mist by handling Aqualon CMC-7H3SF in well-ventilated areas.
Minimize skin contact by wearing gloves and other protective clothing.
Use dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation or dust suppression techniques to reduce airborne dust levels.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling Aqualon CMC-7H3SF.
Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling Aqualon CMC-7H3SF and before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Equipment Handling:
Use appropriate handling equipment such as scoops, shovels, or containers with lids to transfer Aqualon CMC-7H3SF to prevent spills and minimize dust generation.
Ensure that handling equipment is clean and dry to prevent contamination of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF.

Avoidance of Incompatible Materials:
Store Aqualon CMC-7H3SF away from strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and incompatible materials to prevent reactions or degradation.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Aqualon CMC-7H3SF in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Maintain storage temperatures within the recommended range specified by the manufacturer to prevent degradation.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.

Container Compatibility:
Use containers made of compatible materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or glass to store Aqualon CMC-7H3SF.
Ensure that containers are clean, dry, and free from any residues to prevent contamination of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF.

Separation from Incompatible Substances:
Store Aqualon CMC-7H3SF away from incompatible materials such as strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reactive chemicals to prevent reactions or contamination.

Segregation Requirements:
Segregate Aqualon CMC-7H3SF from food, feed, and pharmaceuticals to prevent accidental contamination.

Handling of Large Quantities:
If handling large quantities of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF, use appropriate storage facilities such as warehouses or storage rooms equipped with adequate ventilation and temperature control.

Storage Duration:
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for shelf life and storage duration of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF.
Rotate stock regularly to ensure that older material is used first and to minimize the risk of degradation or spoilage.

Security Measures:
Store Aqualon CMC-7H3SF in a secure area to prevent unauthorized access or tampering.

Labeling:
Clearly label containers of Aqualon CMC-7H3SF with the product name, manufacturer information, date of receipt, and any relevant hazard information.
AQUAMARINE EXTRACT
VITAMINE F; ARACHIDONIC ACID, N° CAS : 506-32-1, Nom INCI : ARACHIDONIC ACID, Noms français :ACIDE ARACHIDONIQUE; Noms anglais :ARACHIDONIC ACID; Nom chimique : Icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 208-033-4. Classification : Arachides, Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
AQUASORB CELLULOSE GUM
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum, or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), is a high-purity, powdered super-absorbent that offers increased bake stability, extended shelf life, freeze/thaw stability and water binding.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a low concern for toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used for its thickening and swelling properties in a wide range of complex formulated products for pharmaceutical, food, home, and personal care applications, as well as in paper, water treatment, and mineral processing industries.

CAS Number: 9004-32-4
EINECS Number: 618-378-6

AVICEL CE-15 MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE AND GUAR GUM,9004-32-4, sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;acetate, Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (USP)

Aquasorb A-500 cellulose gum is a high purity, food grade water soluble cellulosic with a high capacity to hold moisture.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is tackifier, at room temperature, it is non-toxic tasteless white flocculent powder, it is stable and soluble in water, aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline transparent viscous liquid, it is soluble in other water-soluble gums and resins, it is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol.

Cellulose gum is a derivative of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants. Through a chemical process, carboxymethyl groups are added to the cellulose structure, resulting in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is effective in increasing the viscosity of liquids, contributing to the desired texture in a wide range of food products.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is approved for use in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics by regulatory authorities such as the U.S.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is typically produced through the reaction of cellulose with sodium chloroacetate, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide.
While generally safe for consumption, individuals with specific dietary restrictions or sensitivities may want to be aware of its presence in certain processed foods.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a water soluble polymer which can be used as a polyelectrolyte cellulose derivative.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum belongs to the class of anionic linear structured cellulose.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used warm water or cold water when preparing the solution, and stir till it completely melts.

The amout of added water depends on variety and the use of multiple requirements.
High viscosity Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a white or slightly yellow fibrous powder, hygroscopic, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, easy to ferment, insoluble in acids, alcohols and organic solvents, easily dispersed to form colloidal solution in water.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is reacted by the acid and fibrous cotton, it is mainly used for water-based drilling fluids tackifier, it has certain role of fluid loss, it has strong salt and temperature resistance especially.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is known for its water-absorbing capabilities.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can absorb and retain water, contributing to its effectiveness as a thickening and stabilizing agent in various applications.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning that its viscosity decreases under shear stress.

This property is beneficial in food applications where easy pouring or spreading is desired, but the product maintains thickness when at rest.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is stable over a broad pH range, making it suitable for use in acidic and alkaline formulations.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is compatible with a variety of other food and cosmetic ingredients, making it a versatile choice for formulators.

In some food formulations, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be used as a fat substitute, contributing to reduced calorie content.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is utilized in some cleaning products and detergents for its ability to increase the viscosity of liquid formulations.
In the oil drilling industry, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is employed as a component of drilling muds to control the viscosity and fluid loss.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is commercially available in various grades, allowing formulators to choose the most suitable variant based on the specific requirements of their applications.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is incompatible with strongly acidic solutions and with the soluble salts of iron and some other metals, such as aluminum, mercury, and zinc.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is also incompatible with xanthan gum.

Precipitation may occur at pH < 2, and also when it is mixed with ethanol (95%).
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum forms complex coacervates with gelatin and pectin.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum also forms a complex with collagen and is capable of precipitating certain positively charged proteins.
Potassium polyacrylate is a potassium based super absorbent polymer(SAP), it is an economical & best water-absorbent material.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum has the features of non-toxic, harmless, and nonpolluting, but keep indirect contact.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is the right powder SAP super absorbent polymer for agriculture, which helps you to continue farming even in not good conditions and get a better harvest.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum, also known as waterlock, is a sodium salt of polyacrylic acid with the chemical formula [−CH2−CH(CO2Na)−]n and has broad applications in consumer products.
This super-absorbent polymer (SAP) has the ability to absorb 100 to 1000 times its mass in water.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is widely used in industrial and sanitary fields.
For example: cable water blocking powder, ice pack, flood control bag, artificial snow, oil drilling fluid, sanitary napkins, diapers, etc.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is required by law to contain not less than 99.5% pure Aquasorb Cellulose Gum and a maximum of 0.5% of residual salts (sodium chloride and sodium glycolate).

Ongoing research explores new applications and modifications of Aquasorb Cellulose Gum for improved performance in various industries.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used globally and is an essential ingredient in the formulation of many processed foods, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and industrial applications.

Manufacturers and suppliers adhere to quality standards to ensure the purity and safety of Aquasorb Cellulose Gum in compliance with regulatory requirements.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum helps prevent the separation of ingredients in products such as salad dressings, sauces, and other emulsions.
In baked goods, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can improve moisture retention, extending the shelf life of the product.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used as a binder in pharmaceutical tablets, helping to hold the tablet ingredients together during the manufacturing process.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum aids in the disintegration of the tablet, promoting its breakdown in the digestive system for better absorption of the active ingredients.

In lotions, creams, and shampoos, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum contributes to the desired thickness and stability of the product.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum helps prevent the settling of solid particles in formulations, ensuring a homogeneous product.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is versatile and compatible with a wide range of other ingredients used in various industries.

Non-toxic and Biodegradable: As a derivative of cellulose, it is generally considered safe for consumption and is biodegradable.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a specialty grade designed for maximum water-holding in bakery and other applications.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum, also known simply as cellulose gum or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), is a water-soluble polymer derived from cellulose, which is a natural substance found in the cell walls of plants.

Cellulose gum is widely used in the food industry as a thickener, stabilizer, and texturizing agent.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is also utilized in various other industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum, or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), is a high-purity, powdered super-absorbent that offers increased bake stability, extended shelf life, freeze/thaw stability and water binding.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a specialty grade designed for maximum water-holding in bakery and other applications.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum has the ability to form strong, oil-resistant films.
In food applications, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is often used to improve the texture and stability of products.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be found in a variety of food items, such as ice cream, salad dressings, sauces, and baked goods.
The primary function of cellulose gum in these applications is to provide viscosity, enhance mouthfeel, and prevent ingredients from separating.
In addition to its role in the food industry, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in pharmaceutical formulations as a binder and disintegrant in tablet manufacturing.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum helps hold the tablet ingredients together and aids in their dissolution when the tablet is ingested.
In cosmetics and personal care products, cellulose gum is employed as a thickening agent in lotions, creams, and shampoos, providing the desired consistency and stability to these products.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a white or slightly yellowish, almost odourless and tasteless hydroscopic powder, consisting of very fine particles, fine granules or fine fibres.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum, or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), that has a viscosity of 25-50, a concentration of 2, and a spindle number of 1.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is widely used as a thickener and stabilizer in foods and beverages.
Besides modifying the behavior of water, cellulose gum is useful in suspending solids and modifying the flow and texture.

Besides modifying the behavior of water, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is useful in suspending solids and modifying the flow and texture.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is biodegradable, but not readily biodegradable, and it is not expected to bioaccumulate.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is components consist of polysaccharide composed of fibrous tissues of plants.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.

It can increase the wet viscosity of fresh mortar and prevent segregation.
Water retention is also important; as it allows the cementitions material to have more time to hydrate after the mortar has been applied.
A significant increase in water retention can be achieved by adding a small amount of HPMC to the dry mix mortar.

When the content reaches a certain level, the tendency to increase water retention slows down.
As the ambient temperature increases, the water retention capacity of HPMC generally decreases.
However, some modified HPMCs have better water retention capacity even at high temperatures.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum also has air-entraining properties, which improve mortar’s workability by introducing fine air bubbles.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a water-soluble polymer.

As a solution in water, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum has thixotropic properties.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is useful in helping to hold the components of pyrotechnic compositions in aqucous suspension (e.g., in the making of black match).
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is also an especially effective binder that can be used in small amounts in compositions, where the binder can intcrfere with the intended effect (e.g., in strobe compositions).

However, its sodium content obviously precludes its use in most color compositions.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is manufactured from cellulose by various proccsses that replacc some of the hy drogen atoms in the hydroxyl[OH] groups of the cellulose molecule with acidic carboxymethyl [-CH2CO.OH] groups,which are neutralized to form the corresponding sodium salt.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is white when pure; industrial grade material may be grayish-white or cream granules or powder.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum, or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), is a high-purity, powdered super-absorbent that offers increased bake stability, extended shelf life, freeze/thaw stability and water binding.

Uses:
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is biodegradable, which is advantageous from an environmental perspective.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is frequently called simply carboxymethyl cellulose and also known as cellulose gum.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is derived from purified cellulose from cotton and wood pulp.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a water dispersible sodium salt of carboxy-methyl ether of cellulose that forms a clear colloidal solution.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is a hygroscopic material that has the ability to absorb more than 50% of water at high humidity.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is also a natural polymeric derivative that can be used in detergents, food and textile industries.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be used as a binder in the preparation of graphene nano-platelet based inks for the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can also be used as a viscosity enhancer in the development of tyrosinase based inks for the formation of electrodes for biosensor applications.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used as a support material for a variety of cathodes and anodes for microbial fuel cells.

Included in some pet food formulations for Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is thickening and stabilizing properties.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in agriculture as a soil conditioner to improve water retention and soil structure.
In some fire retardant formulations, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is added to enhance the performance of the product.

In medical and dental applications, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be used in the formulation of certain types of gels and coatings.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in textile printing pastes to improve printability and color yield.
Included in some cigarette filters for its ability to trap and hold certain particles.

In fireworks production, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be used as a binder for certain components.
In art restoration and conservation, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be used in the preparation of adhesives and sizing agents.
Investigated for use in the development of biodegradable films and coatings.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is utilized in drilling fluids for oil and gas exploration to control viscosity and fluid loss.
Included in some air freshener formulations for its ability to enhance the texture and stability of the product.
Applied in textile sizing to improve the strength and smoothness of fibers.

Explored for use in fuel cell electrolytes due to its ability to retain water and improve ion conductivity.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in refractory fiber, ceramic production molding bond.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in oil drilling, exploration address slurry thickening, reducing water loss, quality paper surface sizing.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in certain automotive applications, such as in the formulation of coatings and adhesives.
In welding, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be part of the composition of certain types of welding electrodes.
In the explosives industry, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be used in emulsion explosive formulations for stabilization.

Included in some construction materials, such as plaster, to improve workability and adhesion.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in metalworking fluids to control viscosity and improve lubrication.
In some carbonated beverages, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be used to stabilize the suspension of certain ingredients.

In the production of fertilizers, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be used to improve the granulation process.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is disposal does not contribute to long-term environmental pollution.
Ongoing research explores new applications and modifications of Aquasorb Cellulose Gum for improved performance in various industries.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used globally and is an essential ingredient in the formulation of many processed foods, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and industrial applications.
Manufacturers and suppliers adhere to quality standards to ensure the purity and safety of Aquasorb Cellulose Gum in compliance with regulatory requirements.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is commercially available in various grades, allowing formulators to choose the most suitable variant based on the specific requirements of their applications.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is known for its water-absorbing capabilities.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can absorb and retain water, contributing to its effectiveness as a thickening and stabilizing agent in various applications.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum exhibits pseudoplastic behavior, meaning that its viscosity decreases under shear stress.

This property is beneficial in food applications where easy pouring or spreading is desired, but the product maintains thickness when at rest.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is stable over a broad pH range, making it suitable for use in acidic and alkaline formulations.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is compatible with a variety of other food and cosmetic ingredients, making it a versatile choice for formulators.

In some food formulations, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be used as a fat substitute, contributing to reduced calorie content.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is utilized in some cleaning products and detergents for its ability to increase the viscosity of liquid formulations.
Applied as a coating for seeds in agriculture to enhance germination and protect against pathogens.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in the production of artificial snow for its water-absorbing properties.
In the oil and gas industry, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in coil tubing fluids for its rheological properties.
Explored for use in the formulation of certain biopharmaceuticals and drug delivery systems.

In aviation, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be part of anti-icing fluids for its ability to control viscosity.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used in some inkjet printing inks to control viscosity and improve print quality.
Investigated for potential use in airplane de-icing fluids for its ability to adhere to surfaces.

In hydraulic fracturing operations, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is used as a friction reducer in some drilling fluids.
Added to fish feed formulations to improve pellet integrity and water stability.
Explored for use in anti-corrosion coatings for its film-forming properties.

In certain products, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum may be used to control humidity and prevent caking.
Investigated for use in certain types of wound dressings for its biocompatibility and absorbent properties.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be used as soap and washing powder detergent active additives, as well as other industrial production on the dispersion, emulsification, stability, suspension, film, paper, polishing and the like.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can be used for toothpaste, medicine, food and other industrial sectors.
In the oil drilling industry, Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is employed as a component of drilling muds to control the viscosity and fluid loss.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is biodegradable, which is advantageous from an environmental perspective.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum is disposal does not contribute to long-term environmental pollution.

Safety Profile:
Inhalation of Aquasorb Cellulose Gum dust or aerosols during manufacturing processes may lead to respiratory irritation.
In case of contact, thorough rinsing with water is recommended.
The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles can help prevent skin and eye contact.

Aquasorb Cellulose Gum in moderate amounts as part of food products is generally safe.
Aquasorb Cellulose Gum can pose a dust explosion hazard if dispersed in the air in sufficient concentrations.
Dust control measures, such as proper ventilation and dust collection systems, should be implemented in industrial settings.

Proper ventilation and respiratory protection measures should be in place where applicable.
Direct contact with the eyes or skin may cause irritation.
However, excessive consumption may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort in some individuals.

Some individuals may be hypersensitive or allergic to Aquasorb Cellulose Gum.
If an allergic reaction occurs, medical attention should be sought.
ARACHIDONIC ACID
IUPAC name: (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-Icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
CAS Number: 506-32-1
EC Number: 208-033-4
Chemical formula C20H32O2
Molar mass: 304.474g

Arachidonic acid (AA, sometimes ARA) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid 20:4(ω-6), or 20:4(5,8,11,14).
Arachidonic Acid is structurally related to the saturated arachidic acid found in cupuaçu butter.
Arachidonic Acid is name derives from the New Latin word arachis (peanut), but it is important to note that peanut oil does not contain any arachidonic acid.

Arachidonic acid is also a precursor to anandamide.
Some arachidonic acid is converted into hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by epoxygenase.
The production of Arachidonic acid and its actions in the body are collectively known as the "arachidonic acid cascade"; see essential fatty acid interactions and the enzyme and metabolite linkages given in the previous paragraph for more details.

Arachidonic acid in the body
Muscle growth:
Arachidonic acid promotes the repair and growth of skeletal muscle tissue via conversion to prostaglandin PGF2alpha during and following physical exercise.
PGF2alpha promotes muscle protein synthesis by signaling through the Akt/mTOR pathway, similar to leucine, β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB), and phosphatidic acids.

Brain:
Arachidonic acid is one of the most abundant fatty acids in the brain, and is present in similar quantities to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The two account for about 20% of its fatty-acid content.
Like DHA, neurological health is reliant upon sufficient levels of arachidonic acid.
Among other things, arachidonic acid helps to maintain hippocampal cell membrane fluidity.
Arachidonic acid also helps protect the brain from oxidative stress by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.
Arachidonic acid also activates syntaxin-3 (STX-3), a protein involved in the growth and repair of neurons.

Arachidonic acid is also involved in early neurological development.
In one study, infants (18 months) given supplemental arachidonic acid for 17 weeks demonstrated significant improvements in intelligence, as measured by the Mental Development Index.
This effect is further enhanced by the simultaneous supplementation of Arachidonic acid with DHA.

In adults, the disturbed metabolism of Arachidonic acid may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and bipolar disorder.
There is evidence of significant alterations in the conversion of arachidonic acid to other bioactive molecules (overexpression or disturbances in the AA enzyme cascade) in these conditions.

Alzheimer's disease:
Studies on arachidonic acid and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease have shown mixed results, with one study of and its metabolites that suggests they are associated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease, whereas another study suggests that the supplementation of arachidonic acid during the early stages of this disease may be effective in reducing symptoms and slowing the disease progress.
Additional studies on arachidonic acid supplementation for Alzheimer's patients are needed.
Another study indicates that air pollution is the source of inflammation and arachidonic acid metabolites promote the inflammation to signal the immune system of the cell damage.

Bodybuilding supplement:
Arachidonic acid is marketed as an anabolic bodybuilding supplement in a variety of products.
Supplementation of arachidonic acid (1,500 mg/day for eight weeks) has been shown to increase lean body mass, strength, and anaerobic power in experienced resistance-trained men.
This was demonstrated in a placebo-controlled study at the University of Tampa.
Thirty men (aged 20.4 ± 2.1 years) took arachidonic acid or a placebo for eight weeks, and participated in a controlled resistance-training program. After eight weeks, lean body mass (LBM) had increased significantly, and to a greater extent, in the AA group (1.62 kg) vs. placebo (0.09 kg) (p<0.05). The change in muscle thickness was also greater in the AA group (.47 cm) than placebo (.25 cm) (p<0.05). Wingate anaerobic power increased to a greater extent in AA group as well (723.01 to 800.66 W) vs. placebo (738.75 to 766.51 W). Lastly, the change in total strength was significantly greater in the AA group (109.92 lbs.) compared to placebo (75.78 lbs.). These results suggest that AA supplementation can positively augment adaptations in strength and skeletal muscle hypertrophy in resistance-trained men.

An earlier clinical study examining the effects of 1,000 mg/day of arachidonic acid for 50 days found supplementation to enhance anaerobic capacity and performance in exercising men.
During this study, a significant group–time interaction effect was observed in Wingate relative peak power (AA: 1.2 ± 0.5; P: -0.2 ± 0.2 W•kg-1, p=0.015). Statistical trends were also seen in bench press 1RM (AA: 11.0 ± 6.2; P: 8.0 ± 8.0 kg, p=0.20), Wingate average power (AA:37.9 ± 10.0; P: 17.0 ± 24.0 W, p=0.16), and Wingate total work (AA: 1292 ± 1206; P: 510 ± 1249 J, p=0.087). AA supplementation during resistance training promoted significant increases in relative peak power with other performance-related variables approaching significance.
These findings support the use of AA as an ergogenic.

Chemistry of Arachidonic acid:
In chemical structure, arachidonic acid is a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and four cis-double bonds; the first double bond is located at the sixth carbon from the omega end.
Some chemistry sources define 'arachidonic acid' to designate any of the eicosatetraenoic acids.
However, almost all writings in biology, medicine, and nutrition limit the term to all cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid.

Biology of Arachidonic acid:
Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the phospholipids (especially phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositides) of membranes of the body's cells, and is abundant in the brain, muscles, and liver.
Skeletal muscle is an especially active site of arachidonic acid retention, accounting for roughly 10-20% of the phospholipid fatty acid content typically.

Conditionally essential fatty acid:
Arachidonic acid in the human body usually comes from dietary animal sources (meat, eggs).
Arachidonic acid is not one of the essential fatty acids.
However, Arachidonic acid does become essential if a deficiency in linoleic acid exists or if an inability to convert linoleic acid to arachidonic acid occurs.

Some mammals lack the ability or have a very limited capacity to convert linoleic acid to arachidonic acid, making it an essential part of their diets.
Since linoleic acid consumption does not seem to affect levels of arachidonic acid in plasma/serum or erythrocytes, it is uncertain if humans can in fact convert linoleic acid to arachidonic acid.
Since little or no arachidonic acid is found in common plants, such animals are obligate carnivores; the cat is a common example of having the inability to desaturate essential fatty acids.
A commercial source of arachidonic acid has been derived, however, from the fungus Mortierella alpina.

Eicosanoid synthesis of Arachidonic acid:
Arachidonic acid is freed from phospholipid by hydrolysis, catalyzed by the phospholipase A2 (PLA2).
Arachidonic acid for signaling purposes appears to be derived by the action of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2, 85 kDa), whereas inflammatory arachidonic acid is generated by the action of a low-molecular-weight secretory PLA2 (sPLA2, 14-18 kDa).
Arachidonic acid is a precursor to a wide range of eicosanoids:

The enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (i.e. prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 and 2 {PTGS1 and PTGS2}) convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin G2 and prostaglandin H2, which in turn may be converted to various prostaglandins, to prostacyclin, to thromboxanes, and to the 17-carbon product of thromboxane metabolism of prostaglandin G2/H2, 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (12-HHT).
The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to 5hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE), which in turn converts to various leukotrienes (i.e., leukotriene B4, leukotriene C4, leukotriene D4, and leukotriene E4 as well as to 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) which may then be further metabolized to 5-HETE's more potent 5-keto analog, 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE) (also see 5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid.
The enzymes 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15 and 15-lipoxygenase-2 (ALOX15B catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HPETE), which may then be further converted to 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) and lipoxins; 15-Lipoxygenase-1 may also further metabolize 15-HPETE to eoxins in a pathway analogous to (and presumably using the same enzymes as used in) the pathway which metabolizes 5-HPETE to leukotrienes.
The enzyme 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) catalyzes oxidation of arachidonic acid to 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE), which may then be metabolized to 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and to hepoxilins.

Dietary arachidonic acid and inflammation:
Increased consumption of arachidonic acid will not cause inflammation during normal metabolic conditions unless lipid peroxidation products are mixed in.
Arachidonic acid is metabolized to both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids during and after the inflammatory response, respectively.
Arachidonic acid is also metabolized to inflammatory and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids during and after physical activity to promote growth.

Chronic inflammation from exogenous toxins and excessive exercise should not be confused with acute inflammation from exercise and sufficient rest that is required by the inflammatory response to promote the repair and growth of the micro tears of tissues.
Some studies giving between 840 mg and 2,000 mg per day to healthy individuals for up to 50 days have shown no increases in inflammation or related metabolic activities.
Others show that increased arachidonic acid levels are actually associated with reduced pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-1 levels and increased anti-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-beta.
This may result in a reduction in systemic inflammation.

Arachidonic acid does still play a central role in inflammation related to injury and many diseased states.
How it is metabolized in the body dictates its inflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity.
Individuals suffering from joint pains or active inflammatory disease may find that increased arachidonic acid consumption exacerbates symptoms, presumably because it is being more readily converted to inflammatory compounds.[medical citation needed] Likewise, high arachidonic acid consumption is not advised for individuals with a history of inflammatory disease, or who are in compromised health.
Of note, while Arachidonic acid supplementation does not appear to have proinflammatory effects in healthy individuals, it may counter the anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation.

Health effects of arachidonic acid supplementation
Arachidonic acid supplementation in daily doses of 1,000–1,500 mg for 50 days has been well tolerated during several clinical studies, with no significant side effects reported.
All common markers of health, including kidney and liver function, serum lipids, immunity, and platelet aggregation appear to be unaffected with this level and duration of use.
Furthermore, higher concentrations of AA in muscle tissue may be correlated with improved insulin sensitivity.
Arachidonic acid supplementation of the diets of healthy adults appears to offer no toxicity or significant safety risk.

While studies looking at arachidonic acid supplementation in sedentary subjects have failed to find changes in resting inflammatory markers in doses up to 1,500 mg daily, strength-trained subjects may respond differently.
One study reported a significant reduction in resting inflammation (via marker IL-6) in young men supplementing 1,000 mg/day of arachidonic acid for 50 days in combination with resistance training.
This suggests that rather being pro-inflammatory, supplementation of Arachidonic acid while undergoing resistance training may actually improve the regulation of systemic inflammation.

A meta-analysis looking for associations between heart disease risk and individual fatty acids reported a significantly reduced risk of heart disease with higher levels of EPA and DHA (omega-3 fats), as well as the omega-6 arachidonic acid.
A scientific advisory from the American Heart Association has also favorably evaluated the health impact of dietary omega-6 fats, including arachidonic acid.
The group does not recommend limiting this essential fatty acid. In fact, the paper recommends individuals follow a diet that consists of at least 5–10% of calories coming from omega-6 fats, including arachidonic acid.
Arachidonic acid suggests dietary AA is not a risk factor for heart disease, and may play a role in maintaining optimal metabolism and reduced heart disease risk.
Maintaining sufficient intake levels of both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, therefore, is recommended for optimal health.

Arachidonic acid is not carcinogenic, and studies show dietary level is not associated (positively or negatively) with risk of cancers.
Arachidonic acid remains integral to the inflammatory and cell growth process, however, which is disturbed in many types of disease including cancer.
Therefore, the safety of arachidonic acid supplementation in patients suffering from cancer, inflammatory, or other diseased states is unknown, and supplementation is not recommended.

Arachidonic Acid is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid.
Arachidonic Acid is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides.
Arachidonic Acid is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

Arachidonic acid is a long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.
Arachidonic Acid has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor, a Daphnia galeata metabolite and a mouse metabolite.
Arachidonic Acid is an icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid.
Arachidonic Acid is a conjugate acid of an arachidonate.
Arachidonic Acid derives from a hydride of a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraene.

Arachidonic Acid is obtained from food such as:
-poultry
-animal organs
-meat
-fish
-seafood
-eggs

Arachidonic Acid is a natural fatty acid that plays an essential role in physiological homeostases, such as repair and growth of cells.
Arachidonic Acid is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides.
Arachidonic Acid is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
arachidonic acid is commonly used in arachidonic acid release assays and fatty acid metabolism studies.

Arachidonic Acid is an essential fatty acid and a precursor for all prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
Virtually all cellular arachidonic acid is esterified in membrane phospholipids where its presence is tightly regulated through multiple interconnected pathways.
Free arachidonic acid is a transient, critical substrate for the biosynthesis of eicosanoid second messengers.
Receptor-stimulated release, metabolism, and re-uptake of free arachidonate are all important aspects of cell signaling and inflammation.

Arachidonic Acid belongs to a kind of polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid, which is highly biologically relevant.
Arachidonic Acid is abundantly distributed in brain, muscles and liver.
Arachidonic Acid is the precursor for all prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
Most cellular arachidonic acid is esterified in the membrane phospholipids.

Density: 0.922 g/cm3
Melting point: −49 °C
Boiling point: 169 to 171 °C
log P: 6.994
Acidity (pKa): 4.752
Flash point: 113 °C
Appearance: Colorless to light yellow
XLogP3-AA: 6.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 14
Topological Polar Surface Area: 37.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 22
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 362
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 4
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

An unsaturated, essential fatty acid.
Arachidonic acid is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides.
Arachidonic acid is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

Arachidonic Acid is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid.
Arachidonic acid is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides.
Arachidonic acid is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

Arachidonic acid is a long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. It has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor, a Daphnia galeata metabolite and a mouse metabolite.
Arachidonic acid is an icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of an arachidonate. It derives from a hydride of a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraene.

Arachidonic acid is an essential fatty acid and a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
The stimulation of specific cell-surface receptors activates phospholipase A2 leading to the release of arachidonic acid from the cell membrane.

Arachidonic acid also increases the uptake of glutamatic acid through enhancement of the EAAT2 subtype of glutamate transporter.
Arachidonic acid also enhances activation of potassium channels such as TREK-1 and TRAAK.

Various pathways using Arachidonic acid (AA) as the initial substrate are composed of dioxygenases that carry out a complex reaction involving abstraction of selected hydrogens and insertion of molecular oxygen.
Two major classes of enzymes, cyclooxygenases (COX) and lipoxygenases (LOX), are recognized for their prominent role in generating a number of important biological mediators.
Among these, prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) are widely studied given their recognized role in human disease conditions as well as physiological and/or pathophysiological activities.
Of these biological actions, one of the most significant is the major role played by eicosanoids in inflammation, where they contribute to all of the clinical symptoms associated with the inflammatory condition, namely, pain, redness, and swelling.
The ever-growing number of molecules derived from AA includes other families such as lipoxins (LXs), hepoxilins, hepoxides, monohydroxyeicosatretraenoic acids (HETEs), dihydroxyeicosatretraenoic acids, and their hydroperoxy precursors. Whereas synthesis of most of these mediators involves the non-heme iron catalytic center typical of cyclo- and lipoxygenases, hepoxilins and hepoxides originate via heme proteins such as hematin and cytochrome P450.

Arachidonic acid is an essential fatty acid, which is consumed in small amounts in our regular diets.
Arachidonic acid is considered an "essential" fatty acid because it is an absolute requirement for the proper functioning for the human body.
Essential fatty acids (EFA's) are polyunsaturated fatty acids that the body cannot synthesize and therefore must obtain from the diet.
There are two families of EFAs: omega-6 and omega-3.

The most important omega-6 fatty acids are linoleic Acid (LA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomogamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), and Arachidonic acid (AA).
The most important omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
Omega-3 fatty acids can be found in fish and certain plant oils.

Linoleic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, can be found primarily in seeds, nuts, grains and legumes.
Linoleic acid can be converted into arachidonic acid.
Arachidonic acid can be found mainly in the fatty parts of meats and fish (largely red meat), so vegetarians usually have lower levels of arachidonic acid in the body than those with omnivorous diets.
There is a great deal of controversy about arachidonic acid.

Heavy Atom Count: 22
Complexity: 362
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 4
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Rotatable Bond Count: 14

Arachidonic Acid is an essential fatty acid, which is consumed in small amounts in our regular diets.
Arachidonic acid is considered an "essential" fatty acid because it is an absolute requirement for the proper functioning for the human body.
Arachidonic Acid can be found mainly in the fatty parts of meats and fish (largely red meat), so vegetarians usually have lower levels of arachidonic acid in the body than those with omnivorous diets.
Arachidonic Acid is important because the human body uses it as a starting material in the synthesis of two kinds of essential substances, the prostaglandins and the leukotrienes, both of which are also unsaturated carboxylic acids.
Arachidonic Acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid consisting of a chain of 20 carbon atoms with 4 cis (Z) double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. Since the first double bond, with respect to the methyl end, is located at carbon 6, the molecule belongs to the group of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids or omega-6 fatty acids.

Some information says that arachidonic acid can cause health problems and other sources say it is needed to aid in muscle growth.
Arachidonic acid is vital to the operation of the prostaglandin system. Prostaglandins are part of a class of substances called eicosanoids.
Eicosanoids influence numerous metabolic activities including platelet aggregation (blood clotting), inflammation, hemorrhages, vasoconstriction and vasodilation, blood pressure, and immune function.
The eicosanoids contain twenty carbons and include the prostaglandins (PG), prostacyclins (PGI2), thromboxanes (TX), leukotrienes (LT), and hydroxy acids.
There are bad (pro-inflammatory) and good eicosanoids (anti-inflammatory) and they compete with each other.
Two prostaglandins arachidonic acid is the substrate to are PGE2 and PGF2a.

The first one is generally thought to be bad while the second is thought to be good.
Studies point to PGF2a, specifically, as being the prostaglandin most closely tied to increase skeletal muscle protein synthesis.
Skeletal muscle tissue has no capacity to actually store prostaglandins, so the only local source for PGF2a is the arachidonic acid that is retained in the outer phospholipids layer of each cell.
Arachidonic acid is the stretching of muscle fibers during intense physical exercise that causes arachidonic acid to be released and metabolized to active prostaglandins.
Arachidonic acid is actually the chemical messenger first released by your muscles during intense weight training, controlling the core physiological response to exercise and regulating the intensity of all growth signals to follow.
Also, anytime you have tissue injury, inflammation is involved in healing the wound.
Some prostaglandins have pro-inflammatory affects.

The fact is, if you work out, you have tissue injury - micro trauma to the muscle tissue.
As your delayed onset muscle soreness will tell you, inflammation is involved in the healing of this micro trauma.
Furthermore, in both animal and human studies it has been shown that exercise lowers the content of arachidnoic acid in skeletal muscle tissue.
Therefore, there has been talk of arachidonic acid supplementation.
The omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid families form different eicosanoids with different activities.

They compete with one another for the enzyme (PLA2) that catalyzes the release of the essential fatty acids from the cell membrane.
Also, they compete for cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, the enzymes necessary for eicosanoid synthesis.
A proper balance of these fatty acids in the diet is therefore important for the maintenance of good health.
An increase in the consumption of one family will reduce the synthesis of eicosanoids derived from the other family, which will ultimately have an effect on overall health.
According to many sources, humans evolved on a 1:1 dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3.

With today's typical "Western" dietary habits the average person consumes a dietary ratio of between 25 and 40 to 1 omega-6 to omega-3.
This highly imbalanced ratio is due to the dramatic increase in consumption of omega-6 fatty acids in vegetable oils, which contain linoleic acid, and meat and shellfish, which contain arachidonic acid.
At the same time, we are consuming less of the omega-3 fatty acids.
Since the omega-6 compete with the omega-3 fatty acids for incorporation into cell membranes and subsequent metabolism, high intake of the omega-6 fatty acids will result in an increased production of unhealthy eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid.
Omega-3 fatty acids produce eicosanoids that are anti-inflammatory.

These eicosanoids help support normal blood pressure by relaxing the arteries and blood vessels and decreasing blood lipids.
They also decrease blood-clotting factors.
Omega-6 fatty acids can produce both anti-inflammatory and/or inflammatory and vasoconstricting eicosanoids.
Omega-6 can be good for you if you take them in the right amount with omega-3.

Omega-3 can counteract the pro-inflammatory effects of omega-6 fatty acids.
When omega-3 and omega-6 are in balance, they are both very good but when omega-6 is in excess, they become bad.
For that reason, it is essential to have a proper balance of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids.
A healthy ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 ranges from 1:1 to 1:3.
Now that arachidonic acid supplements are on the market, athletes need to be aware that there needs to be a balance of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in their diet.

Supplementation is acceptable only if you are consuming enough omega-3 fatty acids to balance with the added omega-6 fatty acid (arachidonic acid) from the supplement.
You have a choice to make.
If your primary concern is muscular gain supplementing arachidonic acid could help as long as you are consuming enough omega-3 to balance your diet.
However, if you suffer from one of the many inflammatory conditions that plague many people who exercise (tendonitis, bursitis, arthritis, etc.) then you should probably stay away from it since it can be pro-inflammatory.
Furthermore, if you suffer from diabetes, asthma, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart disease, are pregnant, or are suffering from any inflammatory disease you should not supplement arachidonic acid in your diet.
Just remember if you are going to take arachidonic acid supplements you should have a healthy ratio of omega-6 to omega 3.

STORAGE OF ARACHIDONIC ACID:
Arachidonic Acid should be stored at –20 °C.
Arachidonic Acid should be stored in a dry environment.
Arachidonic Acid should be stored in moisture-free containers.
Arachidonic Acid should be kept in a well ventilated place.
Arachidonic Acid should be stored under an inert atmosphere.
Arachidonic Acid should be kept in clean containers.
Arachidonic Acid should not be kept in the same place as very strong bases.

Synonyms:
506-32-1
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
Immunocytophyte
arachidonate
(all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, (all-Z)-
5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid
all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
UNII-27YG812J1I
CHEMBL15594
CHEBI:15843
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
27YG812J1I
Icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
cis,cis,cis,cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
MFCD00004417
5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid
C20:4
[1-14C]Arachidonic acid
5,8,11,14-Icosatetraenoic Acid
(14C)Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic Acid, 99%
Arachidonicacid
Arachidonsaeure
Immunocytophyt
Vevodar
arachidonic-acid
CCRIS 6312
1adl
1gnj
1vyg
EINECS 208-033-4
Arachidonic Acid-d8
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic Acid
AI3-09613
(14C)-arachidonic acid
Spectrum5_001910
SCHEMBL16162
BSPBio_001539
MLS001361328
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-Eikosatetraensaeure
BML3-B03
GTPL2391
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
DTXSID4040420
BDBM22319
CHEBI:137828
HMS1361M21
HMS1791M21
HMS1989M21
HMS3402M21
HMS3649B05
ZINC4474696
5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoate
Arachidonic acid, >95.0% (GC)
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, labeled with carbon-14, (all-Z)-
Arachidonic acid, analytical standard
cis-D5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
LMFA01030001
s6185
AKOS015950830
CCG-214838
DB04557
FA 20:4
FS-58805,8,11,14-all-cis-Eicosatetraenoate
all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
ARACHIDONIC ACID (20:4 n-6)
IDI1_034009
cis-D5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
NCGC00094608-01
NCGC00094608-02
NCGC00094608-03
NCGC00094608-04
NCGC00094608-05
NCGC00094608-06
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-Icosatetraenoic acid
(all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
93444-49-6
AC-14348
AC-33769
ARACHIDONIC ACID (20:4, n-6)
Eicosa-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-tetraenoic acid
SMR000857374
5,8,11,14-all-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid
HY-109590
789-EP2277848A1
789-EP2277880A1
789-EP2280008A2
789-EP2289871A1
789-EP2292610A1
789-EP2295426A1
789-EP2295427A1
789-EP2295432A1
789-EP2298735A1
789-EP2301536A1
789-EP2301538A1
789-EP2305250A1
789-EP2305682A1
789-EP2305684A1
789-EP2305689A1
789-EP2308839A1
789-EP2308848A1
789-EP2308879A1
789-EP2311455A1
789-EP2311837A1
789-EP2316835A1
A0781
all-cis-eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
CS-0032762
cis-Delta(5,8,11,14)-eicosatetraenoic acid
1753-EP2272832A1
1753-EP2277848A1
1753-EP2277858A1
1753-EP2295055A2
1753-EP2295423A1
1753-EP2298767A1
1753-EP2301922A1
1753-EP2305641A1
1753-EP2311453A1
1753-EP2311806A2
1753-EP2311830A1
1753-EP2314587A1
5-cis,8-cis,11-cis,14-cis-Eicosatetraenoate
Arachidonic acid (in Tocrisolvetrade mark100)
C00219
5-cis,8-cis,11-cis,14-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid
506A321A929392
Q407699
SR-01000838311
SR-01000838311-2
BRD-K03070961-001-02-8
BRD-K03070961-001-04-4
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-Icosatetraenoic acid
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-Icosatetraenoic acid #
Arachidonic acid, from non-animal source, >=98.5% (GC)
Arachidonic acid, from porcine liver, >=99% (GC), liquid
D18DBC10-379C-4E78-9A50-8B791A2F4E68
ARACHIDONIC ACID ( VITAMINE F)
ARACHIDYL ALCOHOL, N° CAS : 629-96-9, Origine(s) : Végétale, Synthétique, Nom INCI : ARACHIDYL ALCOHOL, Nom chimique : Icosan-1-ol, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 211-119-4. 1-Eicosanol; Arachic alcohol; Arachidic alcohol; Arachidyl alcohol; Eicosyl alcohol; Icosan-1-ol; n-1-Eicosanol; n-Eicosanol; Pri-N-eicosyl alcohol. Classification : Arachides, Alcool gras. Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Stabilisateur d'émulsion : Favorise le processus d'émulsification et améliore la stabilité et la durée de conservation de l'émulsion. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
ARACHIDYL ALCOHOL
ARACHIDYL BEHENATE, N° CAS : 42233-14-7, Nom INCI : ARACHIDYL BEHENATE, Nom chimique : Icosyl docosanoate, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 255-728-3 Classification : Arachides. Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état, Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
ARACHIDYL BEHENATE
Benzyl Alcohol (and) Methylchloroisothiazolinone (and) Methylisothiazolinone CAS NO:185532-71-2
ARAKRIL ADC 777
Arakril ADC 777 is a proprietary trade name for a specific type of low particle size polymer emulsion.
Arakril ADC 777 is known for its superior water resistance properties, making it useful for a variety of applications in the coatings, adhesives, and construction industries.
Arakril ADC 777 is often used in water-proof systems, exterior paints, architectural finishes, and other applications where durability and resistance to weathering and moisture are important factors.



APPLICATIONS


Arakril ADC 777 is commonly used in water-proofing systems for roofs, foundations, and other structures.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used to improve the water resistance and durability of exterior paints.
Arakril ADC 777 is often used as a component in architectural finishes such as stucco and textured coatings.

The low particle size of Arakril ADC 777 makes it ideal for use in coatings and finishes where a smooth, uniform appearance is desired.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of sealants and adhesives to improve their water resistance and adhesion.

The superior water resistance properties of Arakril ADC 777 make it an ideal choice for applications that are exposed to moisture or water.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of primers to improve their water resistance and adhesion properties.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for metal substrates to protect them from corrosion and rust.
The polymer emulsion in Arakril ADC 777 can improve the flexibility and durability of coatings and finishes.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings for concrete surfaces to improve their water resistance and durability.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for wood substrates to protect them from moisture damage and extend their lifespan.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for masonry surfaces to improve their water resistance and durability.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for plastic substrates to improve their adhesion and water resistance.
The superior water resistance properties of Arakril ADC 777 make it ideal for use in marine coatings and finishes.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings for swimming pools and other water features.
The low-VOC formulation of Arakril ADC 777 makes it a more environmentally friendly choice for coatings and finishes.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for outdoor furniture and other exterior accessories.
The polymer emulsion in Arakril ADC 777 can improve the scratch resistance of coatings and finishes.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings for commercial and industrial applications that are exposed to harsh environments.
The low particle size of Arakril ADC 777 can improve the penetration and adhesion of coatings and finishes.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for automotive applications.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for electronic devices to improve their water resistance.
The superior water resistance properties of Arakril ADC 777 make it an ideal choice for use in swimming pool liners.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for playground equipment and outdoor structures.
The polymer emulsion in Arakril ADC 777 can improve the impact resistance of coatings and finishes.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for food processing equipment that is exposed to water or moisture.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of coatings and finishes for medical devices that require water resistance properties.


Some of potential applications of Arakril ADC 777 include:

Water-proof systems:
Arakril ADC 777 can be used as a component in water-proofing systems for roofs, foundations, and other structures that are exposed to water or moisture.

Exterior paints:
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of exterior paints to improve their water resistance and durability.
The low particle size of the polymer emulsion may also help to improve the appearance and texture of the paint.

Architectural finishes:
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in the formulation of architectural finishes such as stucco, textured coatings, and other decorative coatings.
The water resistance properties of the polymer emulsion may help to protect these finishes from moisture damage and extend their lifespan.

It's important to note that the specific applications and performance characteristics of Arakril ADC 777 may depend on the formulation and processing conditions used by the manufacturer, as well as the specific requirements of the intended application.
Therefore, it's recommended to consult with the manufacturer or supplier of the product for more detailed information regarding its recommended uses and performance characteristics.


Arakril ADC 777 can be used in coatings for concrete and masonry surfaces to improve their resistance to water and weathering.
The emulsion can be added to stucco and EIFS (exterior insulation and finish systems) to increase their durability and reduce water infiltration.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in waterproofing membranes for roofs, foundations, and other structures.
The emulsion is often used in exterior paints and coatings for wood, metal, and other substrates that are exposed to the elements.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in clear and pigmented sealers for concrete, masonry, and other porous surfaces to improve their water resistance and durability.

The emulsion can be added to adhesives and sealants to improve their water resistance and adhesion properties.
Arakril ADC 777 is used in primers for metal and other substrates to improve their adhesion and corrosion resistance.

The emulsion can be used in high-performance floor coatings for industrial and commercial applications.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in topcoats for marine and offshore structures to improve their resistance to saltwater and other harsh environments.

The emulsion is used in coatings and sealers for swimming pools and water features to improve their water resistance and durability.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in coatings and adhesives for automotive and transportation applications, where water resistance and durability are important factors.

The emulsion is often used in architectural finishes for buildings, such as exterior panels and cladding systems.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in roof coatings and sealants to improve their resistance to water and UV light.

The emulsion is used in coatings and sealers for food processing facilities and clean rooms, where cleanliness and hygiene are critical.
Arakril ADC 777 can be used in coatings and sealants for medical and pharmaceutical applications, where sterility and cleanliness are important factors.
The emulsion is used in coatings and sealers for electronic devices and components, where moisture resistance and electrical properties are critical.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in coatings and sealers for oil and gas facilities, where corrosion and chemical resistance are important factors.
The emulsion is used in coatings and sealers for wastewater treatment plants and other industrial applications where water resistance and chemical resistance are critical.

Arakril ADC 777 can be used in coatings and sealers for outdoor sculptures, monuments, and other public art installations to improve their durability and resistance to the elements.
The emulsion is often used in coatings and sealers for sports facilities and stadiums, such as tracks, fields, and seating areas, where durability and weather resistance are important factors.



DESCRIPTION


Arakril ADC 777 is a proprietary trade name for a specific type of low particle size polymer emulsion.
This emulsion is known for its superior water resistance properties, making it useful for a variety of applications in the coatings, adhesives, and construction industries.

Arakril ADC 777 is often used in water-proof systems, exterior paints, architectural finishes, and other applications where durability and resistance to weathering and moisture are important factors.
Arakril ADC 777 is typically handled and stored according to specific safety guidelines and regulations, and its properties may vary depending on factors such as temperature, pH, and application method.


Arakril ADC 777 is a low particle sized polymer emulsion that has several important properties, including:

Water resistance:

Arakril ADC 777 is designed to provide superior water resistance properties, making it an ideal choice for applications that are exposed to moisture or water.


Durability:

The polymer emulsion in Arakril ADC 777 can improve the durability and longevity of coatings and finishes.


Flexibility:

Arakril ADC 777 can improve the flexibility of coatings and finishes, making them less prone to cracking or peeling.


Adhesion:

Arakril ADC 777 can improve the adhesion of coatings and finishes to a variety of substrates, including metal, wood, masonry, and plastic.


Scratch resistance:

The polymer emulsion in Arakril ADC 777 can improve the scratch resistance of coatings and finishes.


Impact resistance:

Arakril ADC 777 can improve the impact resistance of coatings and finishes, making them more resistant to damage from impacts or collisions.


Low-VOC:

Arakril ADC 777 is formulated with low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), making it a more environmentally friendly choice for coatings and finishes.


Low particle size:

The low particle size of Arakril ADC 777 can improve the penetration and adhesion of coatings and finishes, as well as their appearance and texture.


It's important to note that the specific properties of Arakril ADC 777 may depend on the formulation and processing conditions used by the manufacturer, as well as the specific requirements of the intended application.
Therefore, it's recommended to consult with the manufacturer or supplier of the product for more detailed information regarding its properties and performance characteristics.



PROPERTIES


pH: 7-9
Solids content: 45-47%
Viscosity (Brookfield LV, 25°C): 500-2000 cP
Minimum film forming temperature: 5°C
Glass transition temperature: -15°C
Particle size (Dv50): 90-110 nm
Specific gravity: 1.01-1.03 g/cm³
Low VOC content: Freeze/thaw stability: stable after 5 cycles



FIRST AID


Here are some general guidelines for handling and exposure of Arakril ADC 777:

Inhalation:

If inhalation of vapors or mist occurs, move the affected person to an area with fresh air and seek medical attention if necessary.


Skin contact:

If Arakril ADC 777 comes into contact with skin, immediately remove any contaminated clothing and wash the affected skin area thoroughly with soap and water.
If irritation or redness develops, seek medical attention.


Eye contact:

If Arakril ADC 777 comes into contact with the eyes, immediately flush the affected eye with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelid open.
Seek medical attention if eye irritation persists.


Ingestion:

In case of accidental ingestion of Arakril ADC 777, seek medical attention immediately and do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by a medical professional.


It's important to follow all applicable safety guidelines and regulations when handling Arakril ADC 777, and to consult the product's safety data sheet (SDS) for more specific information regarding first aid measures and handling procedures.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Here are the recommended handling and storage conditions for Arakril ADC 777:

Handling:

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and a respirator, when handling the product to avoid skin, eye, or respiratory irritation.
Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist and contact with skin and eyes.
Use only in well-ventilated areas.

Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
Do not smoke or eat while handling the product.


Storage:

Store Arakril ADC 777 in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition and heat.
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.
Do not freeze the product.

Store the product in the original container and label it with all necessary information.
Keep the product out of reach of children and unauthorized persons.


It's important to follow all applicable safety guidelines and regulations when handling and storing Arakril ADC 777, and to consult the product's safety data sheet (SDS) for more specific information regarding safe handling and storage practices.



SYNONYMS


Polymer emulsion
Acrylic emulsion
Waterborne emulsion
Latex emulsion
High-performance emulsion
Low VOC emulsion
Exterior-grade emulsion
Water-resistant emulsion
Architectural coating emulsion
Copolymer emulsion
Styrene-acrylic emulsion
Vinyl-acrylic emulsion
Butadiene-styrene emulsion
Polyurethane emulsion
Epoxy emulsion
Alkyd emulsion
Silicone emulsion
Fluoropolymer emulsion
Ceramic emulsion
Nanoemulsion
Microemulsion
Hybrid emulsion
Self-crosslinking emulsion
High-solids emulsion
Fast-drying emulsion
Matte emulsion
Glossy emulsion
Pigment-dispersing emulsion
Clear emulsion
Arap Zamkı (Gum Arabıc)
SYNONYMS Acacia gum ;Acacia; Arabic gum;Acacia seyal;runus persica;ARABIC GUM;FEMA 2001;GUM ACACIA;GUM ARABIC;ACACIA;ACACIAE GUMMI CAS NO:9000-01-5
Araphen K 100
Nom INCI : ARGAN OIL AMINOPROPANEDIOL ESTERS. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
ARAPHEN K 100
Araphen K 100 is a colorless to pale yellow liquid, widely used in the stabilization of latex products, with excellent emulsifying and dispersing properties, playing a crucial role in the production of latex-based materials and coatings.


CAS Number: 61791-14-8
EC Number: 500-152-2
INCI & Tgas : Coconut Amine Ethoxylate



Coconut amine ethoxylate ether (5EO), Coconut amine ethoxylate ether (15EO), Amines, C12-18 alkyl, ethoxylated, 15 EO, Coconut Oil Ethoxylated Alkylamine, 2-hydroxyethyl cocamine, cocoamine, primary cocoamine ethylene oxide adduct, C 12-18 alkyl amines, ethoxylated, 15 TE, PEG-15 Cocoamine, CAS 61791-14-8,
Ethoxylated cocoamines, Cocoamine, ethoxylated, PEG-n Cocamine, Polyethylene glycol (n) coconut amine, 2-Hydroxyethyl coco amine, ethoxylated,
(Coconut oil alkyl)amine, ethoxylated, Polyoxyethylene (n) coconut amine, (Coconut oil alkyl)amine, ethoxylated, 2-Hydroxyethyl coco amine, ethoxylated, alkyl-amine-n,n-bis(2-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)ethyl), alkyl-amine-n,n-bis(2-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)ethyl)(asinfatty, alkyl-amine-n,n-bis(2-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene)ethyl)(asinfattyacidsofcoconut, Amines,cocoalkyl,ethoxylated, Cocoamine polyoxyethylene ether, Cocoamine, ethoxylated, Coconut amine ethoxylate ether (5EO), Ethoxylated cocoamines, Laurylamine ethoxylate ether, PEG-n Cocamine, Polyethylene glycol (n) coconut amine,
POLYOXYETHYLENE (10) COCOAMINE, Polyoxyethylene (n) coconut amine, (Coconutoil alkyl)amine, ethoxylated, Amiet 102, Amines, cocoalkylbis(polyoxyethylene), Amines, coconut, ethoxylated, Arosurf MG 160, Atmer169, Berol 307, Berol 397, Blaunon L 210, Blaunon L 220, Chemeen C 10, ChemeenC 12G, Chemeen C 2, Crisamine PC 2, Crodamet 02, Crodamet C 20, Crodamet C 5, Esomine C 25, Ethomeen C, Ethomeen C 12, Ethomeen C 15, Ethomeen C 20, EthomeenC 25, Ethox CAM 15, Ethox CAM 2, Ethoxylated coco alkyl amines, Ethylan TLM, GN8361, Genamin C, Genamin C 020, Genamin C 050, Genamin C 200, K 215, Kostat P650/5, Lutensol FA 5K, Mazeen C 2, Mazeen C 5, Nissan Nymeen F 215, Noramox C, Noramox C 11, Noramox C 2, Nymeen F 215, Optamine PC 5, PPEM 239, Rhodameen C5, Rofamin KD 3, Surfonic C 2, Variquat 1215, Varonic K 202, Varonic K 205, Varonic K 205LC, Varonic K 209, Varonic K 210, Varonic K 210LC, Varonic K 215, Varonic K 215LC, Witcamine 302, Witcamine 305, Amines,coco alkyl, ethoxylated



Araphen K 100 is a non-ionic surfactant belonging to the group of ethoxylated coconut amines with an average degree of ethoxylation of 15 moles.
Araphen K 100 has the form of a liquid with a characteristic smell.
Araphen K 100 is a colorless to pale yellow liquid, widely used in the stabilization of latex products, with excellent emulsifying and dispersing properties, playing a crucial role in the production of latex-based materials and coatings.


Araphen K 100 is a non-ionic surfactant belonging to the group of ethoxylated coconut amines with an average degree of ethoxylation of 15 moles.
Araphen K 100 is liquid.
Araphen K 100 has the form of a liquid with a characteristic smell.


Araphen K 100 has the form of a liquid with a characteristic smell. Araphen K 100's INCI name is: PEG-15 Cocamine.
Due to the presence of a double oxyethylene chain at the nitrogen atom, Araphen K 100 exhibits the activity of both a non-ionic and a cationic surfactant, especially in acidic systems.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ARAPHEN K 100:
Araphen K 100 is used Wetting agent, cleaning agent, emulsifier.
Araphen K 100 is used for cleaners with degreasing properties, spray- and dip degreasing.
Araphen K 100 possesses a slight cationic character and is mainly suitable as wetting, emulsifying and cleaning agent in acid media such as acid technical cleaning baths, etc.


Especially for cleaners with degreasing properties, Araphen K 100 is a very effective raw material.
Araphen K 100 is used for wetting agents.
Araphen K 100 is used cleanser and emulsifier of cocoyl polyoxyethylene amine.


Araphen K 100's excellent oil removal ability is suitable for spray degreasing and immersion degreasing.
Araphen K 100 can be used as an antistatic agent, emulsifier, dispersant, solvent, rust inhibitor and corrosion inhibitor.
Thanks to the cationic character, the Araphen K 100 molecule can form a single layer (film) on the metal surface, which gives it anti-corrosive properties.


Araphen K 100 is used hair dyes and cosmetics, industrial and institutional cleaning, textile, car cosmetics, and metal degreasing.
Araphen K 100 is used coconut amine ethoxylate wetting agent, cleaning agent and emulsifier.
Araphen K 100 is used for cleaners with degreasing properties, spray- and dip degreasing.



ADVANTAGES OF ARAPHEN K 100:
*an effective emulsifier,
*resistant to hard water and acid and alkaline environment,
*anti-corrosion properties,
*excellent detergency properties.



WHAT DOES ARAPHEN K 100 DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Emulsifying



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ARAPHEN K 100:
CAS Number: 61791-14-8
Molecular Weight: N/A
Density: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Molecular Formula: N/A
Melting Point: N/A
Flash Point: N/A



FIRST AID MEASURES of ARAPHEN K 100:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ARAPHEN K 100:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ARAPHEN K 100:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ARAPHEN K 100:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ARAPHEN K 100:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ARAPHEN K 100:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available

ARBOCEL B 400
ARBOCEL B 400 = MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE


CAS Number: 9004-34-6
EC number: 232-674-9
MDL number: MFCD00081512
Linear Formula: (C6H10O5)n
Food additive: E460
Product Type: Fibers > Biofibers > Cellulose-based
Fillers > Cellulosics
Chemical Composition: Natural cellulose fiber



Arbocel B 400 are highly pure and white cellulose long fibers.
Arbocel B 400 is white powdery fibrous cellulose used in emulsion-bound stucco finish coats.
The average fiber length of Arbocel B 400 is around 900 µm.
Arbocel B 400 is white powder Microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium occurs as a white or off-white odorless and tasteless hygroscopic powder containing 5–22% sodium carboxymethylcellulose.


Arbocel B 400 is a water-dispersible organic hydrocolloid.
Arbocel B 400 is a purified, partially depolymerized cellulose that occurs as a white, odorless, tasteless, crystalline powder composed of porous particles.
Arbocel B 400 is commercially available in different particle sizes and moisture grades that have.


Arbocel B 400 is an odorless, white powdery fibers.
Arbocel B 400's Density is 1.5 g/cm3.
Arbocel B 400 is biopolymer composing the cell wall of vegetable tissues.
Arbocel B 400 is prepared by treating cotton with an organic solvent to de-wax it and removing pectic acids by extration with a solution of sodium hydroxide.


Arbocel B 400 is insoluble in water.
Arbocel B 400 is soluble with chemical degradation in sulfuric acid, and in concentrated solutions of zinc chloride.
Arbocel B 400 is soluble in aqueous solutions of cupric ammonium hydroxide (Cu(NH3)4(OH)2).
Arbocel B 400 is a disaccharide consisting of two glucose units in beta (1-4) glycosidic linkage.


Arbocel B 400 is obtained from the partial hydrolysis of cellulose.
Arbocel B 400 is a pure product of cellulose depolymerization, an odorless and tasteless crystalline powder prepared from the natural cellulose.
Arbocel B 400 is purified, partially depolymerised cellulose prepared by treating α‐cellulose, obtained as a pulp from strains of fibrous plant material, with mineral acids.


The degree of polymerization is typically < 400; the molecular weight is about 36,000 g/mol.
Arbocel B 400 is a fine, white, odorless, crystalline powder.
Arbocel B 400 has shorter crystalline polymer chains.
Arbocel B 400 also known as cellulose gel is a purified, partially depolymerized cellulose with shorter crystalline polymer chains (average particle size 50 µm) prepared by treating alpha-cellulose, obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant material, with mineral acids 1).


Arbocel B 400 can bind and mix easily with water and has gelling properties.
Arbocel B 400 is a purified, partly depolymerised cellulose with shorter, crystalline polymer chains.
Arbocel B 400 is the same as cellulose.
Arbocel B 400 (C6H10O5)n is refined wood pulp.


Arbocel B 400 is a white, free-flowing powder.
Arbocel B 400 is a pharmaceutical excipient derived from nature’s most abundant and renewable raw material-wood pulp.
Arbocel B 400 is insoluble in water and does not gel like methylcellulose.
Arbocel B 400 also provides natural source of dietary fiber.


Furthermore, Arbocel B 400 is able to absorb and retain a large quantity of water due to it's large surface area and high internal porosity, thus facilitating extrusion, improving wetted mass plasticity and enhancing spheronization.
Arbocel B 400 is the most commonly used spheronizing aid in a formulation undergoing extrusion spheronization.
Arbocel B 400 is available in different grades and particle sizes.


Chemically, Arbocel B 400 is an inert substance, is not degraded during digestion and has no appreciable absorption.
Arbocel B 400 is a pure partially depolymerized cellulose synthesized from α-cellulose precursor (type Iβ), obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant material, with mineral acids using hydrochloric acid to reduce the degree of polymerization.
Arbocel B 400 is an odorless, tasteless, porous white powder derived from pharmaceutical grade wood pulp.


Arbocel B 400 is the golden standard as an extrusion spheronization aid based on it's good binding properties that provide cohesiveness to a wetted mass containing Arbocel B 400.
Arbocel B 400's capacity to retain very large quantities of water internally means that wet masses made with it have rheological properties that are very suitable for extrusion spheronization.


Arbocel B 400 is made from high-grade, purified wood cellulose.
With it's amorphous cellulose portions removed, Arbocel B 400 becomes an inert, white, free-flowing powder.
Arbocel B 400 can be processed in a number of ways, through reactive extrusion, steam explosion, and acid hydrolysis.
Arbocel B 400 is a purified, partially depolymerized alphacellulose excipient made by acid hydrolysis of specialty wood pulp.


Arbocel B 400 is a fine, white or almost white, odorless, free flowing crystalline powder with not more than 10% of the material has a particle size of less than 5 mm.
Arbocel B 400 is prepared by the controlled hydrolysis of highly purified α‐cellulose, obtained as a pulp from strains of fibrous plant material, while powdered cellulose [E 460(ii)] is obtained by purification and mechanical disintegration of α‐cellulose.


Arbocel B 400 is also known as cellulose.
Arbocel B 400 comes in a powder form which then goes through a chemical process to be used as an additive in supplements to benefit the well being of individuals concerned with fitness and their overall health.
Arbocel B 400 is not absorbed into the blood stream or stomach.
This makes Arbocel B 400 a fairly safe product.


Arbocel B 400 is non-digestible plant matter in sources like wood pulp and tough plant stalks.
These plants are harvested, cleaned and ground to create a fine, white powder.
Arbocel B 400 acts as an emulsifier, a product that suspends ingredients within a solution and prevents water from separating out.
Adding Arbocel B 400 can unite two normally resistant liquids (like water and oil) that would separate while sitting on the shelf.


Arbocel B 400 has strong intra- and intermolecular binding patterns caused by hydroxyl groups, which cause the polymer to be partly crystalline, mechanically stable, stiff and hard to dissolve.
Special solvents are therefore utilized to dissolve cellulose.
Arbocel B 400 is a partially depolymerized cellulose in pure form, which is synthesized from -cellulose precursor.


There are several ways to synthesize Arbocel B 400 such as reactive extrusion, acid hydrolysis, steam explosion and enzyme mediated synthesis.
Arbocel B 400 is a granular powder product with a size of about 10μm, obtained from the hydrolysis of the natural cellulose in an acidic medium, making the molecular weight reduced to a certain range.
Arbocel B 400 is a partially depolymerized specialty cellulose prepared by treating α-cellulose.


Arbocel B 400 is a free-flowing crystalline powder (a non-fibrous microparticle).
Arbocel B 400 is insoluble in water, dilute acids and most organic solvents, but slightly soluble in the alkali solution of 20%.
Arbocel B 400 can also be whipped and thickened in ice cream, whipped topping and desserts, making the food creamy without adding fat.
Arbocel B 400 adds bulk and body to food without adding calories, making the consumer feel physically satisfied without overloading their calorie count.


It's strong binding performance make Arbocel B 400 one of the most commonly used fillers and binders in drug formulations.
Arbocel B 400 has developed as the most ingenious excipient for pharma industry.
Because of it's characteristics and grades, Arbocel B 400 is available for various requirements and it's physical properties that help different uses.


Arbocel B 400 is widely used in diverse pharmaceutical processes, like wet granulation, dry granulation or direct compression.
Arbocel B 400 is manufactured by controlled partial hydrolysis of high purity wood pulp, followed by purification and drying.
Arbocel B 400 is a white, non-reactive, flow-able excipient.
The physical and chemical properties of Arbocel B 400 make it the best choice for many pharmaceutical processes.


Arbocel B 400 is used as an anti-caking agent in the processed food niche, but it’s also a popular texturiser for cosmetics.
Arbocel B 400’s a refined wood pulp with a unique hydroswelling talent.
Arbocel B 400 can be synthesized in several ways through reactive extrusion, ultrasonication, and steam explosion.
Arbocel B 400 (C6H10O5)n is refined wood pulp.


Arbocel B 400 is a white, free-flowing powder.
Chemically, Arbocel B 400 is an inert substance, is not degraded during digestion and has no appreciable absorption.
Arbocel B 400 is a more purified form of Cellulose.
Arbocel B 400 acts as a stand-in for higher calorie ingredients.


Arbocel B 400's cell structure mimics fat and it’s commonly present in reduced fat products.
Arbocel B 400 is a white, odorless, tasteless carbohydrate polymer powder that typically consists of up to 350 glucose units.
Processed cellulose already contains partly crystalline segments but also weaker amorphous regions.
In Arbocel B 400, the crystalline regions of cellulose have been isolated, forming a more crystalline product.


Arbocel B 400 can be synthesized by different processes such as reactive extrusion, enzyme mediated, steam explosion, and acid hydrolysis.
Low molecular mass cellulose chains are dissolved instantly while higher molecular mass polymers are more difficult to dissolve and require an activation step.
Arbocel B 400's strong binding performance make it one of the most commonly used fillers and binders in drug formulations.


Arbocel B 400 is manufactured by controlled partial hydrolysis of high purity wood pulp, followed by purification and drying.
Arbocel B 400 is a purified, partly depolymerised cellulose with shorter, crystalline polymer chains.
Arbocel B 400 can be made of any material that contains high volumes of cellulose; which is found in cell walls in plants.
Arbocel B 400 is one of the most important pharmaceutical excipients for tablet formulation.


Arbocel B 400 helps in the formation of spheres because of its unique properties.
Like other cellulosic materials, Arbocel B 400 is a filamentous material with a large surface area, high internal porosity, and high moisture retaining property.
Arbocel B 400 is commonly manufactured by spray-drying the neutralized aqueous slurry of hydrolyzed cellulose.


Arbocel B 400 obtained from different sources will differ considerably in chemical composition, structural organization, and physicochemical properties (crystallinity, moisture content, surface area and porous structure, molecular weight, etc.).
Arbocel B 400 is refined wood pulp produced in a controlled environment.
Arbocel B 400’s a white powder that doesn’t have any taste or smell.
Arbocel B 400 is an inert substance, meaning it’s chemically inactive.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ARBOCEL B 400:
Arbocel B 400 is also used as a thickener, for fiber reinforcement, as an absorbent and diluent or as a carrier.
Arbocel B 400 is suitable for diverse polymer applications as functional filler.
Technical uses of Arbocel B 400 depend on the strength and flexibility of its fibers.
Arbocel B 400 is used High purity cellulose powders for partition chromatography.


Arbocel B 400 is most widely used for direct compression tableting and wet granulation.
Arbocel B 400 is a versatile and frequently used material in different industries such as pharmaceuticals production, medical, cosmetics, and food industry.
Arbocel B 400 is also found in many processed food products, and may be used as an anti-caking agent, stabilizer, texture modifier, or suspending agent among other uses.


Arbocel B 400e can bulk, disintegrate, bind, and lubricate.
Arbocel B 400 is used in the food industry as a food additive which acts as a bulking agent.
Arbocel B 400’s used in medicated gels, as well.
Arbocel B 400 became a popular structural material for it's capacity to resist the harshness of an oxyacetylene torch.


Bulk Arbocel B 400 is inert and has very high levels of safety whilst being suitable for vegans & vegetarians.
The food industry began using Arbocel B 400 to make compact pellets and improve the texture of flour.
Arbocel B 400 was hard and heat resistant.
At Arbocel B 400's most straightforward, it’s used to achieve oral dosage forms in direct compression.


Arbocel B 400 is directly compressible meaning it can be pressed into a tablet directly without any other ingredient, a huge benefit to this is that it does not have to be granulated which makes the encapsulating process more streamlined and efficient.
Arbocel B 400 is a connective agent added to prescription drugs, over the counter medications, and dietary supplements.
Arbocel B 400's remarkable flow makes it much easier to ensure a consistent tablet weight.


In addition, wide ranges of Arbocel B 400, technical, and economic merits are attached with it's utilization.
Arbocel B 400 has found its applications in the cosmetics & personal care industry, as well as in the food sector.
Personal care products may contain Arbocel B 400, too.


Arbocel B 400 is used Tablet and capsule diluent, tablet disintegrant, Inactive Ingredients, Print, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Excipient (pharmacologically inactive substance), Oral Dosage for Pharmaceuticals and/or -Nutraceuticals, Swallowable tablet, Hard capsules, and Blends, Granules, Pellets Premix


In the pharmaceutical industry, Arbocel B 400 is used as fillers, disintegrating agents, anti-sticking agents, adsorbents, and capsule diluents.
In the food industry, Arbocel B 400 can be used as an important base material in functional foods and is an ideal health food additive.
Arbocel B 400 is an ingredient found in many prescription drugs for allergies, inactive or overactive thyroid, blood pressure and other diseases.
Arbocel B 400 is widely used in diverse pharmaceutical processes, like wet granulation, dry granulation or direct compression.


Arbocel B 400 is also found in weight training products such as Fusion Bodybuilding Zeus, a Testosterone Booster, ECA Xtreme Fat Burner, and Six Star Nitric Oxide to name a few.
Arbocel B 400 has excellent compressibility properties will increase the compressibility of your formulation when making tablets.
Arbocel B 400’s used as a disintegrant in formulations and speeds up the formed tablets deterioration allowing your active to work faster.


Arbocel B 400 is used as capsule packing agent.
Arbocel B 400 has a long history of use in pharmaceutical dosage form and has had a significant role in the development of direct compression.
Arbocel B 400 is a valuable additive in many industries including pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics.
When Arbocel B 400 comes to solid dosage forms it is used in everything from hard gelatin capsules to dispersible tablets.


Technically, Arbocel B 400 is an excipient — an inactive material that is used as a vehicle for an active substance.
Many studies on the physicochemical properties of locally produced Arbocel B 400 derived from natural sources have been extensively evaluated in the development of a new natural source for it as a substitution of wood, the most abundant one.
Arbocel B 400 is widely used in medicine,food etc,used as emulsifier,binding agent in tablets, stabilizer, dispersant,metal fiber etc.


In cosmetics, Arbocel B 400 has a combination of filler, thickening and emulsifying effects in itself, and has very good emulsifying capacity for the the oily substance.
Arbocel B 400 is used in many different products.
For example, Arbocel B 400 can be found in cheese, fat free salad dressings, whipped toppings, and baked goods.


Arbocel B 400 is an exception; it can be used for many purposes.
Arbocel B 400 is the most versatile inactive agent.
Arbocel B 400 is also user-friendly.
Arbocel B 400 can be utilized as a bulking agent, disintegrant, binding agent, lubrication, and glidant other than being a stability enhancer and an auxiliary suspending agent.


Fast food chains also use Arbocel B 400 in buns, cheese, shakes, sauces, fries, onion rings and meats — just about everything.
Arbocel B 400 is a non-caloric bulking agent, anti-caking agent, and emulsifier.
Arbocel B 400’s carved a space for itself as an excipient in both the supplement industry and the potent drug delivery niche.
Arbocel B 400 can be utilized as a part of the direct pressure of most medications and helps in cost cutting of material, capital, machinery, and men.


Arbocel B 400’s one of the rare fillers that are water insoluble and hydrophilic, so it’s perfect for wet granulation procedures.
As a natural, fibre-rich component, Arbocel B 400’s nontoxic and chewable.
In the food & beverage industry, Arbocel B 400 is added to the processed food to create a creamy and smooth mouth feel.
This is mostly used to prepare low-fat dairy products such as frozen yogurt, whipped cream, and ice cream.


Arbocel B 400 is widely used as pharmaceutical excipients, flow aids, fillers, disintegrating agents, anti-sticking agents, adsorbents, and capsule diluents.
Arbocel B 400 is used as a filler/binder as well as a fiber source in various oral dosage forms in both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.


In the pharmaceutical industry, Arbocel B 400 is used as a flow aid in the manufacturing of tablets and capsules as it has excellent compressibility properties.
Arbocel B 400 is widely used in pharmaceuticals, primarily as a binder/diluent in oral tablet and capsule formulations where it is used in both wet-granulation and direct-compression processes.


Other cheese manufacturers typically use Arbocel B 400 in their product in acceptable levels.
In the pharmaceutical industry, Arbocel B 400 products can be used as pharmaceutical excipients and disintegrating agents of tablets.
Arbocel B 400’s primary use is as a binder and diluent.
The high demand of Arbocel B 400 used in pharmaceutical industries has led to the utilization of locally and naturally occurring materials in the production of it.


Arbocel B 400 carries high amount of active ingredients.
Arbocel B 400 enhances stability and extends drug release.
Arbocel B 400 can be used to achieve wicking action to wet powder blends.
When it’s too expensive to act as the only filler, Arbocel B 400 can be blended with dry lactose.


Arbocel B 400's scope is not limited to capsules and tablets.
Arbocel B 400 has excellent compressibility properties and is used in solid dose forms, such as tablets.
Tablets can be formed that are hard, but dissolve quickly.
Arbocel B 400 is also used in personal care and food products as well.


Arbocel B 400’s also a favourite among dissolvable drug manufacturers.
In the paint industry, Arbocel B 400 can be used as thickeners and emulsifiers of water-based coatings by using Arbocel B 400's thixotropic and thickening properties.
Arbocel B 400 adds bulk to the active ingredient, allowing it to be consumed in a deliverable, dosed format.


Arbocel B 400 is compressed into tablets, but when it’s ingested, Arbocel B 400 breaks down easily.
Arbocel B 400 can be used I cosmetic products for the hair and skin as well as in makeup.
Arbocel B 400 has been used as a functional ingredient in meat products, emulsions, beverages, dairy products, bakery, confectionery, and filling.


Arbocel B 400 was approved as a food additive within the European Union and given the number E460.
Arbocel B 400 has a wide range of uses in the pharmaceutical excipients and can be directly used for tabletting of dry powder.
Arbocel B 400 is an excellent binder & flow agent for the manufacturer of tablets using direct compression methods.
Arbocel B 400 is a unique & versatile ingredient, and widely used as a key ingredient in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical supplement applications, primarily as binder/filler/diluent/disintegrant in tablet and capsule formulation in direct compression, dry granulation or wet granulation process.


Arbocel B 400 is one of the best tablet binders on the market and is very cost effective.
Arbocel B 400 causes rapid disintegration before it’s compressed.
Arbocel B 400 is the most common binding and filling agent used to manufacture solid dose foods and pharmaceuticals.
This is due to Arbocel B 400's compatibility and strength when turned in to a tablet whilst also dissolving easily when digested.


Arbocel B 400 is used as Bonding agent,dilute agent, disintegrating agent,assist in flowing.
Arbocel B 400 will not react with other ingredients, it’s commonly used as a bulking agent, binder, glidant, disintegrant and an auxiliary suspending agent.
Arbocel B 400 is considered to be one of the most versatile excipients.


Arbocel B 400 is also used as a filler which is needed when the doses of your active are very low.
Arbocel B 400 is a great excipient for pressing tablets and filling empty capsules.
Arbocel B 400 helps with flow allowing formulations to move smoothly through your capsule filling machinery ensuring consistent capsule weights.
Arbocel B 400 also acts great as a bulking agent if you need to increase the weight of your capsule.


Arbocel B 400 is a valuable additive in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and other industries.
Arbocel B 400 is a commonly used excipient in the pharmaceutical industry.
Arbocel B 400 is inert on it's own and easy to compress.
This makes Arbocel B 400 a perfect ingredient for pharmaceutical products.


Arbocel B 400 is widely used in pharmaceutical, food & beverage, cosmetic and other industrial applications, owing to it's broad spectrum of properties.
Arbocel B 400 is used a suspension stabilizer and an excipient, owing to it's chemical inertness and non-toxic nature.
Arbocel B 400 has a wide range of uses in the pharmaceutical excipients and can be directly used for tabletting of dry powder.


Arbocel B 400 is widely used as pharmaceutical excipients, flow aids, fillers, disintegrating agents, anti-sticking agents, adsorbents, and capsule diluents.
Arbocel B 400 is widely employed as a fat substitute, thickener, binder in cosmetics industry.
Besides all that, Arbocel B 400 has applications in the pharmaceutical industry as it displays chemical inertness and deficiency of taste and aroma.


Arbocel B 400 has large scale applications in the pharmaceutical, food & beverage, and personal care industries.
Arbocel B 400's regularly expanding applications in medicate look into incorporate it's utility in the prompt discharge of medicine, in any form such as tablets, oral fluids, organoleptic upgrades as in chewable and mouth dissolving tablets, hostile to reflux, furthermore, nutraceuticals.
Arbocel B 400 is safe to consume in normal quantities and is widely used as an excipient for it's all around versatility.


-Adding dietary fiber:
Keeping canned soups and sauces in a stable, semi-liquid state
Preventing caking and allowing a free-flowing product in shredded and grated cheeses, powdered drinks and spice mixes


-Arbocel B 400 is mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a pharmaceutical excipient, and compared with the starch or starch derivatives has the following advantages.
*Arbocel B 400 is easy to disintegrate, that is, after entering into the stomach the drug can be easily disintegrated and then absorbed by the body.
*Arbocel B 400 is difficult to get moldy.
This is because the cellulose isβ-glucose configuration while the starch isα-configuration.
Amylases generally do not attack the cellulose.
*Arbocel B 400 is not absorbed by the body and is not easy to react with carrying drugs, and therefore more secure.


-Pharmaceutical Areas:
All cellulose derivatives have their own pharmaceutical properties, but Arbocel B 400 is the most versatile agent in the industry.
Arbocel B 400 can be used to make tablets more compressible and to bind both wet and dry manufacturing processes.
Arbocel B 400’s thickening powers and viscosity make it an important cellulose in liquid dosage forms.
Grades with a larger particle size and higher crystallization work well with colloidal silicon dioxide to produce silicide and second-generation grades.
Arbocel B 400 is an excellent bioadhesive, and is used in bioadhesive drug delivery systems.


-Anti-caking agent:
Ensures the fluidity of solid particles and limits their agglomeration in cosmetic products in powder or hard mass.
-Emulsion Stabilizer:
Aids the emulsification process and improves emulsion stability and shelf life.


-Opacifier:
Reduces the transparency or translucency of cosmetics.
-Stabilizing Agent:
Improves ingredients or formulation stability and shelf life.
-Viscosity control agent:
Increases or decreases the viscosity of cosmetics.


-Key Applications of Arbocel B 400:
*Direct Compression Tableting
*Granulation
*Extrusion and Spheronization


-ABRASIVE AGENT;
Arbocel B 400's role is to allow by friction to clean, exfoliate, smooth the skin (face, body, scalp) or to clean and shine the teeth.
-ABSORBENT AGENT;
Arbocel B 400's role is to absorb water or oil.


-ANTI-CAGGING AGENT;
Arbocel B 400's role is to prevent the agglomeration of solid particles between them and therefore the formation of lumps.
-VISCOSITY CONTROL AGENT;
Arbocel B 400's role is to increase or decrease the viscosity of cosmetic products.


-EXPANDING AGENT;
Arbocel B 400's role is to dilute solid ingredients and/or to aerate the texture of cosmetic products.
-STABILIZING AGENT;
against light , Arbocel B 400's role is to protect the product from the harmful effects of light.


-OPACIFIER;
Arbocel B 400's role is to reduce the transparent or translucent appearance of cosmetic products.
-EMULSION STABILIZER;
Arbocel B 400's role is to promote the formation of the emulsion, stabilize it and prolong its lifespan.


-3D Printing with Arbocel B 400:
Newer patent protected versions of Arbocel B 400 are degradable bio-composites ideal for 3D printing when combined with reinforced polylactic acid.
This new Arbocel B 400 was first tested in 2016 when twin screw extrusion and solvent casting were used to achieve just the right filament form.
Arbocel B 400 isn’t wholly compatible with PLA, so surface modification were needed, but the attempt was a resounding success.
Arbocel B 400 is a perfect for additive manufacturing with 3D fabrication.
Arbocel B 400 produces minimal waste and uses very little power.
Arbocel B 400's tensile and thermal properties are perfect for building components layer by photosynthesised layer.
Cellulose has several important properties for AM technology.
Arbocel B 400’s the most abundant suitable biopolymer on the planet for 3D applications.
Arbocel B 400 can be used to build cellulose-based polymers, printing filaments, liquid deposition modelling, and 4D printed materials.
Additive manufacturing technology demands quick prototypes and variable materials, and cellulose offers both.


-Filler:
Fillers are mandatory for tablet manufacturing where the doses of drugs are very low.
Arbocel B 400 can be used for all types of tablet making processes like direct compression, wet granulation, and dry procession.


-Direct Compression:
Arbocel B 400 is used as an excipient in direct compression.
Arbocel B 400 has high dilution capacity and higher active ingredient carrier capacity.
Arbocel B 400 has the potential to hold itself together even under direct compression.
Another reason for Arbocel B 400's popularity is the low bulk density; it will lead to high dilution and packing density.
Arbocel B 400 helps in producing tablets with better hardness levels and less fragile.
Arbocel B 400 also provides superior white color and provides stability.


-Disintegrant:
Arbocel B 400 is broadly utilized as a disintegrant in dry compressions also, wet granulation systems.
Arbocel B 400 improves tranquilize disintegration by speeding tablet deterioration, gives the largest amount of breaking down power at low utilize levels, and uses double breaking down instruments of wicking and swelling for more quick breaking down.
-Arbocel B 400 is often present in supplements, pharmaceuticals and packaged foods, and it's unique properties are used for a variety of reasons.


-Wet granulation:
As mentioned earlier Arbocel B 400 has insoluble properties at the same time Arbocel B 400 is hydrophilic.
Hence, Arbocel B 400 is preferred choice for this manufacturing process.
The benefit of using it is that can retain water, Arbocel B 400 further helps in uniform granulation.
Case solidifying is a process saw in deficiently dried granules.
Now and again, when the granules are dried at a high temperature, within the granules stay wet also; the surface appears to be dried.
MCC is useful as it is less sensitive to wet mass, therefore, Arbocel B 400 does not get over wet, dries faster, you will find fewer case hardening and disintegrates quickly.


-Roller Compaction:
Roller compaction is a dry procedure including compaction of materials into strips that are at that point processed to produce a granulation.
This granulation is then greased up and packed on a tablet machine.
Usage of Arbocel B 400 in this manufacturing process improves in compaction, flow enhancement, and content uniformity.


-Arbocel B 400 in the Pharmacy:
If you browse through your bathroom cabinet, you’ll most likely find pills and tablets with Arbocel B 400 as an inactive ingredient.
Just a few of these include:
*Acetaminophen
*Alprazolam
*Cyclobenzaprine
*Oxycodone


-Binder:
To gain the appropriate mechanical strength and give volume to the smaller active ingredient dose, binders are very helpful.
Arbocel B 400 affects the quality and appearance of the tablet.
Considering the hydrophyllic water wicking qualities of it, Arbocel B 400 is widely used as a binder in the pharmaceutical industry.



BENEFITS of ARBOCEL B 400:
*Excellent compressibility that allows for high tablet hardness at low compression pressure
*Promotes tablet disintegration through fast water uptake
*Facilitates low tablet friability
*Has inherent lubrication, anti-adherent and absorbent properties
*In wet granulation, promotes rapid even wetting and uniform rapid drying
*Superior physical and chemical stability

*Arbocel B 400 has no taste or flavor, so supplements that contain it are easily taken.
*Arbocel B 400 is also used to prevent thickening in many food products due to its texture and chemical makeup.
*Arbocel B 400 is often used in whey protein powders and drinks containing whey.
Arbocel B 400 is used in whey products as a thickening agent as well as to promote absorption.
The benefits of whey include improved muscle mass, muscle recovery, and increased energy.

*In terms of particle size Arbocel B 400 can be engineered to different um sizes.
*Due to it's microcrystalline structure Arbocel B 400 offers a naturally large surface area with plenty of porosity and moisture retention powers.
*Arbocel B 400’s often referred to as the best extrusion aid on the market for it's excellent binding properties and cohesiveness.
*If water movement is well-controlled, phase separation is completely avoidable.
*Arbocel B 400 can create a dense, smooth surface that’s extremely nonfriable.

*Arbocel B 400 deforms under compression but forms powerful hydrogen bonds.
*Arbocel B 400 provides many benefits when it is used as a connective agent in prescription drugs, over the counter medications, and dietary supplements.
Arbocel B 400 allows the creation of an unbreakable pill or tablet.
*Arbocel B 400 also enables the breakdown of the supplement, medicine, or over the counter drug at the proper rate for optimal absorption.

*High compactability
*Robust tablets with low friability
*High production yields
*Cost savings due to reduction in dosage levels
*Compatibility with most APIs (inert)
*Chemical Purity / Low Reactivity

*Excellent Binding Capability
*Filler
*Better Disintegrating Property
*Greater Flowability
*Rapid wicking action permits fast addition of granulation fluid
*Highly Absorbent
*Strong dry binder
*High dilution potential



FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF ARBOCEL B 400:
*Excipient
*Filler or Filler/Binder
*Nutrients
*Fibre Source



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ARBOCEL B 400:
Physical Form: Fiber
Appearance: White
Cellulose content: ~ 99.5 %
Oxide ash (850 °C, 4 h): ~ 0.3 %
Whiteness (absolute value at 460 nm): 81 % - 91 %
pH-value (5 % suspension): 5 - 7
Average fiber length: 900 µm
Average fiber thickness: 20 µm
Bulk density (in accordance with DIN EN ISO 60): 20 g/l - 40 g/l
PSA: 190 Ų
XLogP3: 4.75
Appearance: powder

Density: 1.04 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point: 76-78 °C @ Solvent: Acetone, Chloroform
Boiling Point: 237.6±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 164 °C
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.504
Water Solubility: H2O: insoluble
Storage Conditions: room temp
Vapor Pressure: 0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016)|0 mmHg (approx)
Air and Water Reactions: No rapid reaction with air No rapid reaction with water
Reactive Group: Alcohols and Polyols
Molecular Weight:342.30

XLogP3:-4.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:8
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:11
Rotatable Bond Count:4
Exact Mass:342.11621151
Monoisotopic Mass:342.11621151
Topological Polar Surface Area:190
Heavy Atom Count:23
Complexity:382
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:10
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Physical state : Solid
Colour : White crystalline.
Odour : odourless.
Odour threshold : No data available
pH : No data available
Relative evaporation rate (butylacetate=1) : No data available
Melting point : No data available
Freezing point : No data available
Boiling point : No data available
Flash point : No data available
Auto-ignition temperature : No data available
Decomposition temperature : No data available
Flammability (solid, gas) : No data available

Vapour pressure : No data available
Relative vapour density at 20 °C : No data available
Relative density : No data available
Density : 0.6 g/cm³
Solubility : Water: Insoluble in water
Log Pow : No data available
Viscosity, kinematic : No data available
Viscosity, dynamic : No data available
Explosive properties : No data available
Oxidising properties : No data available
Explosive limits : No data available
Other information
No additional information available



FIRST AID MEASURES of ARBOCEL B 400:
-Description of first aid measures:
*First-aid measures after inhalation :
Assure fresh air breathing.
Allow the victim to rest.
*First-aid measures after skin contact :
Wash with plenty of water.
*First-aid measures after eye contact :
Rinse immediately with plenty of water.
*First-aid measures after ingestion :
Rinse mouth.
-Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
No additional information available:
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No additional information available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ARBOCEL B 400:
-Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:
*Methods for cleaning up :
Soak up spills with inert solids, such as clay or diatomaceous earth as soon as possible.
On land, sweep or shovel into suitable containers.
-Reference to other sections:
No additional information is available



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ARBOCEL B 400:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media :
Carbon dioxide.
Dry powder.
Foam.
Water spray.
-Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture:
No additional information available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ARBOCEL B 400:
-Control parameters:
No additional information available
-Exposure controls:
*Hand protection :
Protective gloves
*Eye protection :
Chemical goggles or safety glasses
*Skin and body protection :
Wear suitable protective clothing



HANDLING and STORAGE of ARBOCEL B 400:
-Precautions for safe handling :
*Hygiene measures :
Wash hands and other exposed areas with mild soap and water before eating, drinking or smoking and when leaving work.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Storage conditions :
Store in a well-ventilated place.
Keep container tightly closed.
-Specific end use(s):
No additional information available



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ARBOCEL B 400:
-Reactivity:
No additional information available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under normal conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No additional information available
-Incompatible materials:
No additional information available
-Hazardous decomposition products:
No additional information available



SYNONYMS:
402-2B
ABICEL
alpha cel PB 25
alpha-cellulose
ALPHAPHLOC
ALPHONIER F
ARBOCEL
ARBOCEL B 400
ARBOCEL B 600/30
ARBOCEL B 820C
ARBOCEL BC
1000
ARBOCEL BC 1000 R
ARBOCEL BC 200
ARBOCEL BC 200 R
ARBOCEL BC
300
ARBOCEL BE 600/10
ARBOCEL BE 600/20
ARBOCEL BE 600/30
ARBOCEL BEM 400-15
ARBOCEL BER 400 S
ARBOCEL BERC 300 P
ARBOCEL BVEC 200
ARBOCEL BVS 400
ARBOCEL BZNC 200
ARBOCEL BZNC 200 Fine
ARBOCEL DC 1000
ARBOCEL FD OO
ARBOCEL FIC 200
ARBOCEL NV 600-30
ARBOCEL TP 40
ARBOCELL B 600/30
AVICEL
AVICEL 101
AVICEL 102
AVICEL 2330
AVICEL 2331
AVICEL 955
AVICEL CL 611
AVICEL E 200
AVICEL FD 100
AVICEL FD 101
AVICEL PH 101
AVICEL PH 101/102
AVICEL PH 102
AVICEL PH 103
AVICEL PH 105
AVICEL PH 112
AVICEL PH 113
AVICEL PH 200
AVICEL PH 301
AVICEL PH 302
AVICEL PH microcystalline cellulose
AVICEL PH-F 10
AVICEL PH-M 06
AVICEL PH-M 15
AVICEL RC 591
AVICEL SF
AVICEL SP
AVICEL TG 101
AVICEL TG-D
baker-flex cellulose
BELLFINE D 10
beta-amylose
CELISH / CELISH 100F
CELISH 100L
CELISH KY 100L
CELISH KY 100S
CELLEX MX
cellulose
cellulose 248
cellulose crystalline avicel
cellulose flock
cellulose, crystalline
cellulose, microcrystalline
cellulose, powder
CELUFI
CEMIROM
CEPO
CEPO CFM
CEPO S 20
CEPO S 40
CF 11
CHROMEDIA CC 31
CHROMEDIA CF 11
cotton linter pulp
crystalline cellulose
cupricellulose
DIACEL-4
E 460
ELCEMA F 150
ELCEMA G 250
ELCEMA P 050
ELCEMA P 100
flock-cellulose
FRESENIUS D 6
HEWETEN 10
HEWETEN 40
hydroxycellulose
KINGCOT
LA 01
MCC
microcrystalline cellulose
microcrystalline cellulose, MCC
MN-cellulose
ONOZUKA P 500
polycellobiose
pyrocellulose
RAYOPHANE
RAYWEB Q
REXCEL
SIGMACELL
SOLKA-FIL
SOLKA-FLOC
SOLKA-FLOC BW
SOLKA-FLOC BW 100
SOLKA-FLOC BW 20
SOLKA-FLOC BW 200
SOLKA-FLOC BW 2030
SPARTOSE OM-22
sulfite cellulose
TOMOFAN
TUNICIN
WHATMAN 41
WHATMAN CC-31
wood pulp
XUS 40511.00
experimental cellulose
Cotton linters
Cellulose crystalline
Cellulose regenerated
Cellulose, powder
Cellulose, powdered
Hydroxycellulose
Powdered cellulose
Pyrocellulose
Rayon


ARCONATE HP

Arconate HP is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H6O3.
Arconate HP is classified as a cyclic carbonate ester and is derived from propylene glycol.
This colorless and odorless liquid serves as a useful polar, aprotic solvent.
Chirality is present in Arconate HP though it is typically used as a racemic mixture in most applications.



APPLICATIONS


Arconate HP is commonly employed as a reactive diluent in isocyanate (PMDI) adhesives, serving to reduce costs and enhance processing properties.
Arconate HP finds a crucial role in urethane adhesives, contributing to improved formulation performance and workability.
Arconate HP's reactivity with amines makes it valuable in the synthesis of carbamates, which have applications in various industries.

Arconate HP is utilized in the production of coatings, where it functions as a reactive ingredient that contributes to final product characteristics.
Arconate HP serves as a polar, aprotic solvent, making it suitable for applications that require solvency and reactivity without participating in proton exchange reactions.
Arconate HP's use extends to the field of chemical synthesis, where it participates in reactions such as hydroxy alkylation and trans esterification.

Arconate HP is employed as a component in the manufacture of plastics and polymers, contributing to the creation of versatile and high-performance materials.
In adhesive formulations, Arconate HP enhances the handling properties and workability of the adhesive, facilitating application and use.
Arconate HP is integral to the production of specialized coatings, including those used in automotive finishes and industrial protective coatings.
Arconate HP's role as a diluent helps reduce viscosity and improve flow characteristics, enhancing the efficiency of adhesive and coating application processes.

Arconate HP is utilized in the formulation of sealants, where it contributes to adhesion, flexibility, and the overall performance of the product.
Its inclusion in personal care products, such as cosmetics and skincare formulations, highlights its versatility in various consumer applications.
Arconate HP is employed in the production of specialty chemicals and intermediates, contributing to the synthesis of diverse chemical compounds.
Arconate HP plays a role in the creation of high-performance materials used in the aerospace and electronics industries, where stability and reliability are critical.
Arconate HP serves as a key ingredient in the development of environmentally friendly products, aligning with sustainability goals.

In the field of construction, it contributes to the formulation of adhesives and coatings used in various building materials and structures.
Arconate HP's reactivity with other chemicals makes it valuable in custom formulations tailored to specific industrial requirements.
Arconate HP is used in the creation of adhesives for medical applications, where purity and performance are essential for patient safety and product reliability.
Arconate HP contributes to the development of industrial-grade coatings that provide protection against corrosion, chemicals, and harsh environmental conditions.

Its role as a solvent extends to various chemical processes, including catalysis, polymerization, and the synthesis of complex molecules.
In the automotive industry, Arconate HP is found in coatings that enhance the appearance and durability of vehicle exteriors and interiors.
Arconate HP finds applications in the electronics sector, where it contributes to the production of advanced materials and components.

Its use in the formulation of adhesives helps achieve optimal bonding strength, adhesion to various substrates, and long-term durability.
Arconate HP is a valuable building block for the creation of customized chemical formulations across diverse industries.
In summary, Arconate HP serves as a versatile component in adhesive, coating, and chemical formulations, contributing to enhanced performance and properties in a wide range of applications.

Arconate HP is utilized in the formulation of environmentally friendly and low-VOC (volatile organic compounds) coatings, aligning with regulatory and sustainability requirements.
Arconate HP contributes to the creation of specialty inks used in printing applications, offering improved adhesion and durability on various substrates.
Arconate HP finds use in the production of specialty plastics, enhancing their mechanical properties, durability, and resistance to environmental factors.
Its incorporation into industrial paints results in coatings with excellent adhesion to metal surfaces, making it suitable for machinery, equipment, and structures.

In the electronics industry, Arconate HP is employed in the formulation of conformal coatings that protect sensitive components from moisture, dust, and contaminants.
Arconate HP enhances the performance of adhesive tapes by providing tackiness, adhesion, and cohesion, ensuring reliable bonding in various applications.
Arconate HP serves as a stabilizer and plasticizer in the formulation of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) compounds, improving their flexibility and processability.
Its use in the formulation of epoxy-based materials enhances their adhesive properties, thermal stability, and resistance to chemical exposure.

In the automotive sector, the compound contributes to the production of automotive sealants and gaskets, ensuring leak-proof and durable joints.
Arconate HP is found in the formulation of coatings used for corrosion protection in marine environments, safeguarding ships, offshore structures, and ports.
Arconate HP plays a role in the creation of encapsulation materials for electronic components, ensuring their protection and longevity in demanding conditions.

Arconate HP is used as a cross-linking agent in polyurethane formulations, enhancing the strength, resilience, and overall performance of the resulting materials.
Arconate HP finds application in the production of photovoltaic modules, where it contributes to the encapsulation and protection of solar cells.
Arconate HP is employed in the production of coatings for renewable energy equipment, such as wind turbine blades, solar panels, and energy storage systems.

Arconate HP's inclusion in insulation materials enhances their fire resistance and thermal performance, contributing to energy-efficient building designs.
Arconate HP is an essential component in the formulation of pressure-sensitive adhesives used in labels, tapes, and medical applications.
Its use in the formulation of textile coatings enhances fabrics' water and stain resistance, durability, and overall performance in various applications.

Arconate HP's compatibility with a wide range of chemicals makes it suitable for use in chemical processes, such as catalysis and polymer synthesis.
Arconate HP is found in the creation of mold-release agents that prevent sticking and facilitate the removal of molded parts from molds.
Arconate HP is a valuable ingredient in the formulation of potting compounds used to encapsulate and protect sensitive electronic components from environmental stressors.

Arconate HP's solvency properties are leveraged in the formulation of cleaning agents and degreasers, particularly in industrial and commercial settings.
Arconate HP contributes to the production of coatings used in the aerospace industry, providing protection against extreme temperature variations and aerodynamic stress.
Its inclusion in personal care products, such as nail polish removers and cosmetics, demonstrates its versatility beyond industrial applications.

Arconate HP serves as a building block in the synthesis of specialty chemicals, contributing to a wide range of advanced materials and compounds.
In summary, Arconate HP offers a diverse range of applications across industries, from adhesives and coatings to electronics, textiles, renewable energy, and beyond.

Arconate HP plays a critical role in the production of flexible and resilient polyurethane foams, enhancing their comfort and durability in bedding and upholstery.
Its inclusion in composite materials contributes to the development of lightweight and strong structures in industries like aerospace, automotive, and sporting goods.
Arconate HP finds application as a coalescing agent in water-based coatings, aiding in the formation of a continuous film during the drying process.
Arconate HP is used in the formulation of defoamers, helping to control and eliminate the formation of unwanted foam in industrial processes.
Its presence in oil field chemicals contributes to the creation of drilling fluids and completion fluids that ensure efficient and safe oil and gas extraction.

Arconate HP's solvency and reactivity properties are harnessed in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, contributing to the advancement of drug development.
Arconate HP is an essential ingredient in the formulation of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, enabling the efficient movement of ions between electrodes.
Its use in the creation of conductive polymer materials paves the way for innovative applications in electronic devices, sensors, and energy storage.
Arconate HP's high boiling point makes it suitable for heat transfer fluids, maintaining thermal stability and efficiency in various industrial processes.
Arconate HP is used as a carrier solvent for agrochemical formulations, helping deliver pesticides and fertilizers effectively to crops.

In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as a solvent for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and aids in drug formulation and delivery systems.
Arconate HP is an essential component in the formulation of adhesives used for laminating flexible packaging materials, ensuring secure and durable bonds.
Arconate HP contributes to the creation of anti-fog coatings applied to eyewear, mirrors, and automotive windows, improving visibility in humid conditions.
Arconate HP is employed in the formulation of inkjet inks, enhancing their print quality, durability, and adhesion to various substrates.
Arconate HP finds application in the synthesis of specialty polymers used in 3D printing, enabling precise fabrication of complex shapes and structures.
Arconate HP is utilized in the formulation of brake fluids, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of hydraulic brake systems in vehicles.

Its compatibility with fragrance compounds makes it valuable in the creation of perfumes, enhancing the stability and longevity of scent formulations.
Arconate HP is used in the production of plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials, improving their flexibility and workability.
Arconate HP contributes to the formulation of environmentally friendly paint strippers and removers, minimizing the impact of hazardous chemicals.
Arconate HP is found in the creation of adhesion promoters used to enhance bonding between dissimilar materials, contributing to strong and durable assemblies.

Arconate HP serves as a stabilizer in the formulation of liquid detergents, maintaining the integrity and performance of cleaning products.
In the medical industry, Arconate HP is used in the formulation of biocompatible materials for implantable medical devices and drug delivery systems.
Its reactivity is harnessed in the synthesis of specialty chemicals used in the production of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and electronic materials.
Arconate HP contributes to the development of advanced composites used in the construction of wind turbine blades, enhancing energy efficiency in renewable energy.
In summary, Arconate HP has found its way into an incredibly diverse array of applications, spanning industries such as automotive, electronics, pharmaceuticals, energy, and beyond, showcasing its versatility and impact on modern technologies and advancements.



DESCRIPTION


Arconate HP is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H6O3.
Arconate HP is classified as a cyclic carbonate ester and is derived from propylene glycol.
This colorless and odorless liquid serves as a useful polar, aprotic solvent.
Chirality is present in Arconate HP though it is typically used as a racemic mixture in most applications.

Arconate HP is known for its high purity as a cyclic carbonate.
Arconate HP functions as a reactive diluent, reducing costs and improving handling and processing properties.
Arconate HP finds application in isocyanate (PMDI) adhesives and urethane adhesives, enhancing their properties.

Arconate HP reacts with amines, forming compounds known as carbamates.
Arconate HP undergoes reactions like hydroxy alkylation and trans esterification, contributing to its versatility.
One of its notable attributes is its high boiling point and flash point, along with a relatively low level of toxicity.
Arconate HP is identified by its CAS Number: 108-32-7.

Arconate HP is sometimes referred to by its molecular formula: C4H6O3.
A variety of synonyms are associated with Arconate HP including "Propylene carbonate" and "Cyclic propylene carbonate."
Arconate HP is utilized as an ingredient in various industries, including adhesives and solvents.

Arconate HP serves as a crucial reactive diluent, optimizing adhesive formulations for specific applications.
Its reactivity with amines opens up the possibility for diverse chemical reactions and applications.
Arconate HP's molecular structure enables hydroxy alkylation, which can lead to unique chemical transformations.
Trans esterification reactions involving Arconate HP contribute to its role in various chemical processes.

With its high boiling point, Arconate HP remains stable even under elevated temperatures.
The presence of a cyclic carbonate structure contributes to its suitability as a solvent and reagent.
Known under different trade names such as "Texacar PC" and "Jeffsol PC," it has a range of applications.
Arconate HP is utilized in fields ranging from industrial adhesives to chemical synthesis.

Arconate HP's role as a polar, aprotic solvent enhances its usability in a wide array of reactions.
As a high-purity cyclic carbonate, Arconate HP meets stringent standards for various industrial applications.
Its presence in chemical processes highlights its importance in advancing various technologies and industries.



PROPERTIES


Chemical Formula: C4H6O3
Molecular Weight: Approximately 102.09 g/mol
Physical State: Liquid
Color: Colorless
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: -55 °C (-67 °F)
Boiling Point: 240 °C (464 °F)
Density: Approximately 1.2 g/cm³
Solubility: Soluble in water and many organic solvents
Flash Point: 132 °C (270 °F)
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature
Viscosity: Low to moderate viscosity
Refractive Index: Approximately 1.414
pH: Neutral
Hygroscopicity: Low
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Flammability: Combustible liquid
Autoignition Temperature: 468 °C (874 °F)
Decomposition Temperature: Above boiling point
Polarity: Polar, aprotic solvent



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If the person is not breathing, provide artificial respiration.
Seek immediate medical attention.
If breathing difficulties persist, administer oxygen and seek medical attention.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and footwear.
Wash the affected skin thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
If irritation, redness, or discomfort occurs, seek medical attention.
Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.


Eye Contact:

Rinse the eyes gently with water for at least 15 minutes while holding the eyelids open.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do, after the initial rinse.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or pain persists.


Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and drink plenty of water if conscious and alert.
Seek medical attention immediately. Do not delay medical assistance.


General First Aid:

If a person is exposed to Arconate HP and exhibits symptoms of irritation, discomfort, or adverse reactions, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide medical personnel with information about the substance and the nature of the exposure.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

General Handling Precautions:
Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation exposure.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Prevent the release of Arconate HP into the environment.

Protective Measures:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Consider using a NIOSH-approved respirator if exposure to vapors or mists is likely.

Avoiding Ingestion and Inhalation:
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the substance.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling and before eating, drinking, or using the restroom.

Spill and Leak Handling:
In case of spills, absorb the substance with inert absorbent material.
Prevent spills from spreading to waterways or sewers.

Storage and Handling Equipment:
Use only non-sparking tools and equipment to handle Arconate HP.
Ensure that containers used for storage are grounded to prevent static buildup.

Avoid High Temperatures:
Store and handle Arconate HP away from heat sources, open flames, and hot surfaces.

Container Handling:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.
Do not use damaged or leaking containers.


Storage:

Storage Conditions:
Store Arconate HP in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat.
Maintain storage temperatures within the specified range to ensure product stability.

Compatibility:
Store Arconate HP away from incompatible materials, including strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.

Container Material:
Use containers made of compatible materials, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or glass.

Protective Measures:
Store away from ignition sources, sparks, and open flames.
Ensure adequate ventilation in storage areas.

Labeling and Identification:
Clearly label storage containers with the product name, hazard symbols, and safety information.
Keep storage areas clearly marked and designated for hazardous materials.

Protection from Contamination:
Prevent contamination by avoiding contact with water or moisture, as it may lead to hydrolysis.

Monitoring:
Regularly inspect storage areas for leaks, damage, or signs of deterioration in containers.



SYNONYMS


Carbonic acid, propylene ester
Propylene carbonate
Cyclic propylene carbonate
4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
1,2-Propylene carbonate
1,2-Propanediol carbonate
1,2-Propanediyl carbonate
1,2-Propanediol cyclic carbonate
Carbonic acid, cyclic methylethylene ester
Carbonic acid, cyclic 1,2-propylene ester
Cyclic methylethylene carbonate
Cyclic 1,2-propylene carbonate
1-Methylethylene carbonate
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-
Arconate 5000
Texacar PC
Jeffsol PC
Arconate 1000
PC-HP
2-Methyl-1,2-ethylene carbonate
Jeffsol AG 1555
Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one
Fluor Solvent
PC Medion
Jeffsol 1555
Jeffsol 1562
Propylene glycol cyclic carbonate
4-Methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane
Jeffsol PCD
Propylene glycol carbonate
Propylenecarbonate
Arconate propylenecarbonate
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-, homopolymer
Propylene glycol 1,2-carbonate
4-Methyl-2-dioxolanone
Propylene carbonate cyclic methylethylene ester
Jeffsol 1555G
2-Oxo-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane
Carbonic acid, propylene ester, homopolymer
1,2-Propylene glycol carbonate
1,3-Dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-, polymer with oxirane
Propylene carbonate 1,2-propanediol
Jeffsol 1520
Propylene carbonate cyclic 1,2-propylene ester
Jeffsol AG 1510
4-Methyl-2,5-dioxolane-2,5-dione
Propylene carbonate methylethylene
Jeffsol AG 1545
Carbonic acid, methylethylene ester
1,2-Propylene carbonate homopolymer
ARCOSOLV DPM
ARCOSOLV DPM is colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.
Because of ARCOSOLV DPMs structure it is completely miscible with water and a wide variety of organic substances, and has the combined solubility characteristics of an alcohol, on ether and a hydrocarbon.
ARCOSOLV DPM has low viscosity and low surface tension.

CAS Number: 34590-94-8
Molecular Formula: C7H16O3
Molecular Weight: 148.2
EINECS Number: 252-104-2

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in formulations of brake fluids, lacquers, paints, varnishes, dye and ink solvents, wood stains, textile processes, dry cleaning soaps and cleaning compounds.
ARCOSOLV DPM is a colorless transparent liquid with a faint ether smell.
ARCOSOLV DPM has low toxicity.

ARCOSOLV DPM has a moderate evaporation rate.
ARCOSOLV DPM has good solubility and coupling ability.
ARCOSOLV DPM is miscible with water and has appropriate HLB value.

ARCOSOLV DPM can dissolve grease, natural resin and rubber, cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl methyl/ethyl/butyraldehyde, alkyd resin, phenolic resin, Polymer chemicals such as urea resin.
ARCOSOLV DPM by LyondellBasell is propylene glycol ether solvent.
Possesses low toxicity, mild, pleasant odor, low vapor pressure and slow evaporation rate.

Provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.
ARCOSOLV DPM is designed for adhesive applications.
ARCOSOLV DPM (also known as Methoxy Propoxy Propanol, Oxybispropanol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, DPM, and Dowanol DPM) is a propylene oxide-based/P series glycol ether and has the formula C7H16O3.

ARCOSOLV DPM is a clear, colourless, viscous liquid which has a slight ether odour.
ARCOSOLV DPM is completely soluble in water and is miscible with a number of organic solvents, for example ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, petroleum ether and monochlorobenzene.
ARCOSOLV DPM is also practically non- toxic and hygroscopic, and thus lends itself well to commercial and industrial use.

Arcosolv DPM from LyondellBasell is a propylene glycol ether solvent.
Arcosolv DPM is designed for adhesive applications.
Arcosolv DPM is a colorless liquid with a faint odour.

Arcosolv DPM is an organic solvent with a variety of industrial and commercial uses.
Arcosolv DPM finds use as a less volatile alternative to propylene glycol methyl ether and other glycol ethers.

ARCOSOLV DPM is a clear, colorless, liquid.It is used as a solvent, coupling agent, and coalescing agent,household and industrial cleaners, grease and paint removers, metal cleaners, hard surface cleaners,printing ink solvents, fabric dye coupling agents, cosmetics, and herbicide stabilizers.
ARCOSOLV DPM has good solvency for a wide range of organic compounds, including resins, oils, dyes, and polymers.

ARCOSOLV DPM can effectively dissolve and disperse these substances, making it useful in various formulations and applications.
ARCOSOLV DPM exhibits a relatively slow evaporation rate, allowing for extended working time and improved leveling and flow during coating applications.
This characteristic is beneficial in achieving desired coating properties and reducing the risk of surface defects.

ARCOSOLV DPM has low volatility compared to some other solvents.
ARCOSOLV DPM emits fewer volatile organic compounds (VOCs), making it suitable for applications where reduced emissions and environmental concerns are important.
ARCOSOLV DPM is a chemical solvent known as dipropylene glycol methyl ether.

ARCOSOLV DPM is part of the dipropylene glycol ether family and is commonly used in various industries for its solvency and performance properties.
Arcosolv DPM has low toxicity, light, pleasant odor, low vapor pressure and slow evaporation rate.

ARCOSOLV DPM is a colorless, combustible liquid with low toxicity that is completely water soluble, has a slow evaporation rate, and has a relatively low vapor pressure (volatility).
It provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylics, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose, and polyurethanes.
ARCOSOLV DPM is a good choice for wax strippers and floor cleaners, which are spread over a large area.

Melting point: -80°C
Boiling point: 90-91 °C12 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.954 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 0.4 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.422
Flash point: 166 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Water Solubility: Completely miscible in water
solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: Colorless liquid
color: Colorless to Almost colorless
PH: 6-7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit: 1.1-14%(V)
Viscosity: 4.55mm2/s
Merck: 14,3344
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: 0.004 at 25℃

Arcosolv DPM is a medium to slow evaporating solvent with 100% water solubility and is ideally suited as a coupling agent.
ARCOSOLV DPM - (Dipropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether) - is a colorless, combustible liquid with low toxicity having a mild, pleasant odor.
ARCOSOLV DPM is completely water soluble, miscible with a number of organic solvents and has good solvency for a number of substances.

ARCOSOLV DPM wide range of solvent systems.
Arcosolv DPM has a higher flash point than Glycol Ether PM / Dowanol PM, making it easier to handle, store and ship.
Arcosolv DPM provides good solvents for a wide variety of resins including acrylics, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

Arcosolv DPM is a colorless, flammable, low-toxicity, completely water-soluble, slow evaporation liquid and has a relatively low vapor pressure (volatility).
ARCOSOLV DPM is a colorless, liquid with low toxicity having a mild, pleasant odor.
ARCOSOLV DPM is completely water soluble, miscible with a number of organic solvents and has good solvency for a number of substances.

ARCOSOLV DPM is widely used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, and inks.
ARCOSOLV DPM helps dissolve and disperse binders, pigments, resins, and other additives, contributing to proper application, film formation, and desired coating performance.
ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in industrial cleaning formulations, including degreasers and specialty cleaners.

ARCOSOLV DPMs solvency power enables the effective removal of oils, greases, and contaminants from various surfaces and equipment.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the electronics industry.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as a solvent in cleaning solutions for electronic components, as well as a carrier for solder fluxes and other specialized formulations.

ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
ARCOSOLV DPM helps dissolve adhesive components, improving their workability, and enhancing adhesion properties.

ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in the production of printing inks, including flexographic and gravure inks.
ARCOSOLV DPM aids in the dissolution and dispersion of ink components, ensuring proper flow, color development, and print quality.

ARCOSOLV DPM, mid-to slow evaporating solvent. Has 100% water solubility and is ideally suited as a coupling agent in a wide range of solvent systems.
Has a higher flash point than ARCOSOLV DPM making it easier to handle, store, and ship.
Often incorporated into latex emulsion coatings; can be used to prevent shocking (coagulation of emulsion) when hydrophobic solvents are used.

ARCOSOLV DPM more broadly, its hydrophilic nature makes it an ideal coupling aid in water reducible coatings, and cleaning applications.
ARCOSOLV DPM used with cleaners because they offer an extensive combination of basic physical and performance properties for cleaning formulations.
The intermediate evaporation rate allow it to be used in a potentially wider range of systems than many other solvents.

ARCOSOLV DPM / Methoxy Propoxy Propanol is a mid to slow evaporating solvent that has 100% water solubility and is ideally suited as a coupling agent in a wide range of solvent systems.
ARCOSOLV DPM has a higher flash point than Arcosolv PM / Dowanol PM, making it easier to handle, store, and ship.
ARCOSOLV DPM exhibits excellent solvency for a wide range of substances, including resins, coatings, dyes, oils, and polymers.

ARCOSOLV DPMs ability to dissolve and disperse these materials makes it valuable in many formulations.
ARCOSOLV DPM is commonly used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, and varnishes.
ARCOSOLV DPM helps in dissolving the resin components, pigments, and additives, allowing for proper application, film formation, and desired coating properties.

ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the pharmaceutical industry.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as a solvent or co-solvent in the formulation of pharmaceutical products, including oral and topical medications.
ARCOSOLV DPM aids in the solubilization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and helps ensure proper drug delivery and efficacy.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of personal care and cosmetic products.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be found in items such as lotions, creams, hair care products, and skin care products.
ARCOSOLV DPM functions as a solvent, co-solvent, or viscosity modifier, helping to dissolve and stabilize various active ingredients and ensuring product performance.

ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized in metalworking fluids, such as cutting fluids and lubricants.
ARCOSOLV DPM helps improve lubricity, cooling, and chip evacuation during metal cutting and machining processes, enhancing tool life and workpiece quality.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of agricultural chemicals, including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.

ARCOSOLV DPM serves as a solvent or co-solvent, assisting in the dissolution and dispersion of active ingredients, improving formulation stability and efficacy.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in textile printing processes.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as a solvent or co-solvent in printing inks, aiding in the dispersion of colorants and facilitating their application on fabrics during printing.

ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in the production of various resins, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins, and polyurethane resins.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as a reaction solvent or co-solvent during resin synthesis and formulation.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of household and industrial cleaning products.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be found in various cleaning agents, degreasers, and specialty cleaners, providing effective solvency for removing oils, greases, and dirt from different surfaces.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the formulation of wood coatings, such as stains, varnishes, and lacquers.

ARCOSOLV DPM aids in dissolving and dispersing the coating components, allowing for proper application, film formation, and enhancing the durability and appearance of wood surfaces.
ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized as a blowing agent and solvent in the production of polyurethane foam.
It helps generate the foam structure and provides solvency for the reactive components during foam expansion and curing.

ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in industrial cleaning applications due to its solvency power.
It is utilized in the formulation of degreasers, heavy-duty cleaners, and specialty cleaning agents, enabling the removal of oils, greases, and contaminants from various surfaces and equipment.
ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized in the production of printing inks, including flexographic and gravure inks.

ARCOSOLV DPM serves as a solvent to dissolve the ink components, facilitating proper ink flow, color development, and print quality.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
ARCOSOLV DPM aids in dissolving the adhesive components, improving workability, and enhancing adhesion properties to ensure reliable bonding.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the electronics and semiconductor industry.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be employed as a solvent in cleaning solutions for electronic components, as well as a carrier for solder fluxes and other specialized formulations.
ARCOSOLV DPM can also serve as a reactant or reaction medium in certain chemical processes.

ARCOSOLV DPMs unique properties can be utilized in various reactions and transformations in industries such as pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and polymer synthesis.
ARCOSOLV DPM may have applications in diverse fields such as personal care products, agricultural chemicals, automotive products, textile processing, and more.
Its solvency, low volatility, and compatibility with various substances make it suitable for different formulations and processes.

Uses
ARCOSOLV DPM is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, etc.; as a solvent for nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, etc., as a solvent for paints and dyes, and also as a brake oil components.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used as a solvent for printing ink and enamel, and also as a solvent for washing of cutting oil and working oil.

ARCOSOLV DPM, used as a coupling agent for water-based dilution coatings (often mixed).
ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as an active solvent for water-based coatings.

ARCOSOLV DPM can also be used as a solvent and coupling agent for household and industrial cleaners, grease and paint removers, metal cleaners, hard surface cleaners; dipropylene glycol methyl ether can be used as a base for solvent-based screen printing inks Solvent, coupling agent; dipropylene glycol methyl ether can be used as coupling agent and solvent for vat dye fabrics; dipropylene glycol methyl ether can be used as coupling agent and skin care agent in cosmetic formulations; dipropylene glycol methyl ether can be used as agricultural insecticide Stabilizer of agent; Dipropylene glycol methyl ether can be used as coagulant of ground brightener.

ARCOSOLV DPM is a very useful industrial and commercial chemical.
One of its main commercial uses is as a solvent for paints, varnishes, inks, strippers, and degreasers.
ARCOSOLV DPM is also utilised as a coalescing agent for water-based paints and inks where it promotes polymer fusing during the drying process.

ARCOSOLV DPM is also a component of wood and coil coatings, as well as coatings used in the automotive industry, industrial maintainence, and metal finishing.
ARCOSOLV DPM is also a component of hydraulic fluids and industrial degreasers and is a chemical additive in the oil production and drilling industry.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the following products: coating products, anti-freeze products, lubricants and greases, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and inks and toners.
Other release to the environment of ARCOSOLV DPM is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

ARCOSOLV DPM is a very useful chemical building block in the manufacture of many products.
This is due to its reaction with acids, forming esters and oxidising agents which produce aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alkali metals therefore creating alcoholates and acetals.

ARCOSOLV DPM is widely used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, varnishes, and lacquers.
It helps dissolve resins, binders, pigments, and additives, allowing for proper application, film formation, and desired coating properties.
ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in industrial cleaning applications.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of degreasers, heavy-duty cleaners, and specialty cleaning agents, allowing for the effective removal of oils, greases, and contaminants from various surfaces and equipment.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the production of printing inks, including flexographic and gravure inks.
It serves as a solvent to dissolve the ink components, ensuring proper ink flow, color development, and print quality.

ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
It helps dissolve adhesive components, improving their workability and enhancing adhesion properties for reliable bonding.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the electronics industry.

ARCOSOLV DPM can be employed as a solvent in cleaning solutions for electronic components, as well as a carrier for solder fluxes and other specialized formulations.
ARCOSOLV DPM is incorporated into agricultural chemical formulations, including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
It serves as a solvent or co-solvent, aiding in the dissolution and dispersion of active ingredients for effective agricultural applications.

ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the formulation of personal care and cosmetic products.
It can be found in items such as lotions, creams, hair care products, and skin care products, serving as a solvent or co-solvent to dissolve and stabilize various active ingredients.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of wood coatings, such as stains, varnishes, and lacquers.

ARCOSOLV DPM aids in dissolving and dispersing the coating components, enabling proper application, film formation, and enhancing the durability and appearance of wood surfaces.
ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in the production of various resins, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins, and polyurethane resins.
It can be used as a reaction solvent or co-solvent during resin synthesis and formulation.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of household and industrial cleaning products.
ARCOSOLV DPM can be found in various cleaning agents, degreasers, and specialty cleaners, providing effective solvency for removing oils, greases, and dirt from different surfaces.

ARCOSOLV DPM is this flexibility that supports the use of DPM across a range of industries and therefore makes it a component of many household items that people use every day. ARCOSOLV DPM is found in ceiling and wall paints and in many common cleaners including glass and surface cleaners, paint-brush cleaners, all-purpose cleaners, carpet cleaners and disinfectant cleaners.
ARCOSOLV DPM is also found in cosmetics where it provides emollient properties and product stabilisation as well as floor and aluminium polish, leather and textile dyes, rust removers and pesticides where it acts as a stabiliser.

ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized in metalworking fluids, such as cutting fluids and lubricants.
ARCOSOLV DPM helps improve lubricity, cooling, and chip evacuation during metal cutting and machining processes, enhancing tool life and workpiece quality.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the textile industry.

ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as a solvent or co-solvent in various processes, including dyeing, printing, and fabric treatment.
ARCOSOLV DPM aids in the dissolution and dispersion of dyes, pigments, and other chemicals, ensuring even coloration and desired fabric characteristics.

ARCOSOLV DPM is employed in the formulation of automotive products, including automotive paints, coatings, and cleaners.
It contributes to proper paint and coating application, as well as effective cleaning of automotive surfaces.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used as a blowing agent and solvent in the production of polyurethane foam.

ARCOSOLV DPM helps generate the foam structure and provides solvency for the reactive components during foam expansion and curing.
ARCOSOLV DPM finds application in the rubber industry.
It can be used as a solvent or co-solvent in the processing of rubber compounds, such as mixing, milling, and molding.

ARCOSOLV DPM aids in the dispersion of fillers, accelerators, and other additives, ensuring uniformity and desired properties in rubber products.
ARCOSOLV DPM is utilized in surface coatings and treatments for various materials, including metals, plastics, and glass.
It helps dissolve and disperse coating components, improving adhesion, appearance, and performance of the treated surfaces.

ARCOSOLV DPM can serve as a reactant, reaction medium, or solvent in various chemical reactions and synthesis processes.
ARCOSOLV DPMs unique properties make it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and polymer synthesis, among others.

ARCOSOLV DPM is used in the formulation of fuel and oil additives.
It can serve as a solvent or co-solvent for active ingredients and other additives, contributing to improved fuel efficiency, lubrication, and performance.

ARCOSOLV DPM as solvent for automotive fluids, cleaners, dyes, coatings, inks, waxes, adhesives, agricultural products, insect repellents, and cosmetics; chemical intermediate.
Used as fine chemical solvent, make-up water, cream, cream, toothpaste, etc. can be used in formulations.

Safety Considerations
While ARCOSOLV DPM is generally regarded as safe for its intended uses, it is important to handle any chemical substance with proper safety precautions.
This includes following safe handling practices, using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), and adhering to relevant regulations and guidelines.

Flammability
ARCOSOLV DPM is a flammable liquid and vapor.
It has a relatively low flash point, which means it can ignite and form flammable vapor at relatively low temperatures.
Therefore, it should be stored, handled, and used away from open flames, sparks, and heat sources.

Health Hazards
ARCOSOLV DPM can cause health hazards if it comes into contact with the skin, eyes, or is inhaled or ingested.
ARCOSOLV DPM may cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Prolonged or repeated exposure can lead to more severe health effects, including dermatitis, sensitization, and damage to internal organs.

Toxicity
ARCOSOLV DPM is considered to have low acute toxicity however, exposure to high concentrations or prolonged exposure may have adverse health effects.
ARCOSOLV DPM is important to follow appropriate safety measures and use personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling ARCOSOLV DPM to minimize exposure.

Environmental Impact
ARCOSOLV DPM can be harmful to aquatic life and the environment if released or disposed of improperly.
ARCOSOLV DPM is important to follow local regulations and guidelines for the safe handling, storage, and disposal of ARCOSOLV DPM to prevent environmental contamination.

Synonyms
Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether
RQ1X8FMQ9N
34590-94-8
Glysolv DPM
Propanol, 1(or 2)-(2-methoxymethylethoxy)-
Arcosolv DPM
Dipropylene glycol methyl ether
Dowanol-50B
(2-Methoxymethylethoxy)propanol
Dowanol DPM
EINECS 252-104-2
HSDB 2511
Kino-red
PPG-2 methyl ether
Ucar solvent 2LM
UNII-RQ1X8FMQ9N
DPM
Forguard M
Methoxypropoxypropanol
Methyl Dipropasol
Propanol, (2-methoxymethylethoxy)-
Dipropylene glycol, monomethyl ether
Bis(2-(methoxypropyl) ether
DPGME
EC 252-104-2
ARCOSOLV DPM
ARCOSOLV DPM is propylene glycol ether solvent.
Possesses low toxicity, mild, pleasant odor, low vapor pressure and slow evaporation rate.
Provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

CAS: 34590-94-8
MF: C7H16O3
MW: 148.2
EINECS: 252-104-2

ARCOSOLV DPM is designed for adhesive applications.
ARCOSOLV DPM is a colorless, combustible liquid with low toxicity that is completely water soluble, has a slow evaporation rate, and has a relatively low vapor pressure (volatility).
ARCOSOLV DPM provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylics, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose, and polyurethanes.
ARCOSOLV DPM is a good choice for wax strippers and floor cleaners, which are spread over a large area.
Key properties for coating applications include complete water miscibility, good coupling ability and surface tension reduction.

ARCOSOLV DPM Chemical Properties
Melting point: -80°C
Boiling point: 90-91 °C12 mm Hg(lit.)
Density: 0.954 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 0.4 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.422
Fp: 166 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Water Solubility: Completely miscible in water
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Form: Colorless liquid
Color: Colorless to Almost colorless
PH: 6-7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Explosive limit: 1.1-14%(V)
Merck: 14,3344
Stability: Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey: QCAHUFWKIQLBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.004 at 25℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 34590-94-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: ARCOSOLV DPM (34590-94-8)
EPA Substance Registry System: ARCOSOLV DPM (34590-94-8)

ARCOSOLV DPM is colorless liquid with a mild, pleasant odor.
Because of its structure ARCOSOLV DPM is completely miscible with water and a wide variety of organic substances, and has the combined solubility characteristics of an alcohol, on ether and a hydrocarbon.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used in formulations of brake fluids, lacquers, paints, varnishes, dye and ink solvents, wood stains, textile processes, dry cleaning soaps and cleaning compounds.
ARCOSOLV DPM is a colorless transparent liquid with a faint ether smell.
ARCOSOLV DPM has low toxicity.

ARCOSOLV DPM has low viscosity and low surface tension.
ARCOSOLV DPM has a moderate evaporation rate.
ARCOSOLV DPM has good solubility and coupling ability.
ARCOSOLV DPM is miscible with water and has appropriate HLB value.
ARCOSOLV DPM can dissolve grease, natural resin and rubber, cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl methyl/ethyl/butyraldehyde, alkyd resin, phenolic resin, Polymer chemicals such as urea resin.

Uses
ARCOSOLV DPM is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, etc.; as a solvent for nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, etc., as a solvent for paints and dyes, and also as a brake oil components.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used as a solvent for printing ink and enamel, and also as a solvent for washing of cutting oil and working oil.
ARCOSOLV DPM used as a coupling agent for water-based dilution coatings (often mixed).
ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as an active solvent for water-based coatings.

ARCOSOLV DPMcan also be used as a solvent and coupling agent for household and industrial cleaners, grease and paint removers, metal cleaners, hard surface cleaners; ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as a base for solvent-based screen printing inks Solvent, coupling agent; ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as coupling agent and solvent for vat dye fabrics; ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as coupling agent and skin care agent in cosmetic formulations; ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as agricultural insecticide Stabilizer of agent; ARCOSOLV DPM can be used as coagulant of ground brightener.

As solvent for automotive fluids, cleaners, dyes, coatings, inks, waxes, adhesives, agricultural products, insect repellents, and cosmetics; chemical intermediate.
DARCOSOLV DPM is often used in combination with propylene glycol in cosmetics.
ARCOSOLV DPM is used in preparation of special cleaning agent for pot bottom black dirt.

Reactivity Profile
ARCOSOLV DPM may react violently with strong oxidizing agents.
May generate flammable and/or toxic gases with alkali metals, nitrides, and other strong reducing agents.
May initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Health Hazard
Irritating to skin and eyes.
Harmful if swallowed.
Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Flush affected areas with plenty of water.
If in eyes, hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water.
May be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption.
May cause irritation.

Synonyms
1-(3-methoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol
DSSTox_CID_7983
DSSTox_RID_78632
DSSTox_GSID_27983
CAS-34590-94-8
SCHEMBL738846
CHEMBL3182921
(2-methoxymethylethoxy)-propanol
DTXSID20860507
Tox21_201653
Tox21_300570
NCGC00090688-03
NCGC00248094-01
NCGC00254357-01
NCGC00259202-01
A822302
(2-methoxymethylethoxy)-propano
1-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol
1-(2-methoxyisopropoxy)-2-propanol
1(or2)-(2-methoxymethylethoxy)-propano
1(or2)-(2-methoxymethylethoxy)-Propanol
Di(propylene glycol) methyl ether,99%,mixtureof isomers
DPM
DOWANOL(R) DPM
ARCOSOLV PE
ARCOSOLV PE is propylene glycol (mono) ethyl ether by LyondellBasell.
ARCOSOLV PE is a colorless, combustible liquid with low toxicity.
Has a pleasant ether-like odor, completely miscible with water and a number of organic solvents.

CAS: 52125-53-8
MF: C5H12O2
MW: 104.15

Provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.
ARCOSOLV PE is a good substitute for E-series solvents particularly EM (ethylene glycol mono methyl ether) and EE (ethylene glycol ethyl ether).
Blends of ARCOSOLV PE can be used when replacing one of the slower evaporating E-series ethers.
ARCOSOLV PE is used in inks applications.
Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously.

ARCOSOLV PE is an organic solvent with a wide variety of industrial and commercial uses.
Similar to other glycol ethers, ARCOSOLV PE is used as a carrier/solvent in printing/writing inks.
ARCOSOLV PE also finds use as an in industrial and commercial paint stripper.

ARCOSOLV PE, also known as 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, is a colorless, flammable liquid with a mild odor.
ARCOSOLV PE is commonly used as a solvent in various industries such as coatings, printing inks, and cleaning agents.
ARCOSOLV PE is also used as a precursor in the synthesis of other chemicals.

ARCOSOLV PE has several advantages for lab experiments.
ARCOSOLV PE has a low toxicity profile, making it safe to handle.
ARCOSOLV PE is also a good solvent for a wide range of substances.
However, ARCOSOLV PE has some limitations.
ARCOSOLV PE is flammable and should be handled carefully.
In addition, ARCOSOLV PE may not be suitable for certain applications due to its low boiling point.

ARCOSOLV PE Chemical Properties
Melting point: -90°C (estimate)
Boiling point: 130.3°C (rough estimate)
Density: 0.8886 (estimate)
Refractive index: 1.4122 (estimate)
EPA Substance Registry System: ARCOSOLV PE (52125-53-8)

Synthesis Method
ARCOSOLV PE can be synthesized through the reaction between propylene oxide and ethanol.
The reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide.
The resulting product is then purified through distillation to obtain pure ARCOSOLV PE.

Uses
ARCOSOLV PE has various scientific research applications.
ARCOSOLV PE is commonly used as a solvent in the synthesis of other chemicals such as resins, plasticizers, and surfactants.
ARCOSOLV PE is also used as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
In addition, ARCOSOLV PE is used as a cleaning agent in the electronics industry.

Reactivity Profile
ARCOSOLV PE may react violently with strong oxidizing agents.
May generate flammable and/or toxic gases with alkali metals, nitrides, and other strong reducing agents.
May initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.
Vapors irritate eyes and nose.
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may be produced in a fire.

Synonyms
Ethoxypropanol
1-ethoxypropan-1-ol
Propanol, ethoxy-
52125-53-8
1(or 2)-Ethoxypropanol
Propanol, 1(or 2)-ethoxy-
Ethyl ether of propylene glycol
1,2-Propanediol, monoethyl ether
SCHEMBL62770
LS-120680
ARCOSOLV PE
Arcosolv PE (propylene glycol ether; also known as ethyl proxitol and propylene glycol monoethyl ether) is a clear liquid.
Arcosolv PE is a colorless, combustible liquid with low toxicity.
Arcosolv PE has a pleasant ether-like odor that is completely miscible with water and a range of organic solvents.

CAS Number: 1569-02-4
Molecular Formula: C5H12O2
Molecular Weight: 104.15
EINECS number: 216-374-5

Arcosolv PE is propylene glycol (mono) ethyl ether by LyondellBasell. Acts as a solvent.
Has a pleasant Arcosolv PE odor, completely miscible with water and a number of organic solvents.
Provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

Arcosolv PE is a good substitute for E-series solvents particularly EM (ethylene glycol mono methyl ether) and EE (ethylene glycol ethyl ether).
Blends of it can be used when replacing one of the slower evaporating E-series ethers.
Arcosolv PE is used in inks applications.

Arcosolv PE is a combustible liquid with low toxicity.
It has a pleasant ether-like odor and is completely miscible with water and a number of organic solvents.
Arcosolv PE has excellent solvency for a wide variety of substances including resins, inks, and adhesives.

Arcosolv PE can be used as a replacement for ethylene glycol (E-series) ethers and acetates.
Arcosolv PE is arcosolv PE, ethyl proxitol, and propylene glycol monoethyl ether.
It is a clear liquid with a characteristic ether-like odour.

Arcosolv PE is hygroscopic and miscible with water.
It also provides good solvency for a wide variety of substances, including resins, inks and adhesives.
Arcosolv PE is a colorless, flammable liquid.

Arcosolv PE is a good substitute for E-series solvents, especially EM (ethylene glycol mono methyl ether) and EE (ethylene).
Arcosolv PE blends can be used when replacing one of the slower evaporating E-series ethers.
Arcosolv PE is miscible with water and most organic solvents.

Arcosolv PE has good solvency power, allowing it to dissolve a wide range of substances.
The boiling point of Arcosolv PE is approximately 132°C (291-298°F).
Arcosolv PE has a flash point of around 46°C (115°F), indicating that it is flammable and can ignite under certain conditions.

Arcosolv PE has a moderate vapor pressure, which means it can release vapors at room temperature.
Density: The density of Ethoxy Propanol is approximately 0.82 g/cm³.
It has a moderate evaporation rate, similar to other Arcosolv PE.

Arcosolv PE has a characteristic ether-like odor.
Arcosolv PE has the formula C5H12O2 and is water miscible, hygroscopic and Arcosolv PE also provides good water.
Arcosolv PE has 100% water solubility and is ideal as a coupling agent in a wide variety of solvent systems.

Arcosolv PE has a higher flash point which makes it easier to handle, store and ship.
Arcosolv PE has a pleasant ether-like odor and is completely miscible with water and a range of organic solvents.
Arcosolv PE has excellent solubility for a wide variety of materials including resins, inks and adhesives.

Arcosolv PE is a clear liquid with a characteristic ether-like odour. It is hygroscopic and miscible with water.
Arcosolv PE uses comparable processing procedures to other common industrial solvents.
Arcosolv PE can be stored in carbon steel containers.

Arcosolv PE is also known as Arcosolv PE, Ethyl Proxitol, Propylene Glycol Ether and Propylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether.
Arcosolv PE presents itself in liquid form and has an ether-like odor.
Arcosolv PE is a solvent for various materials such as Arcosolv.

Arcosolv PE is water miscible and hygroscopic.
Arcosolv PE is also known as Arcosolv PE, Ethyl Proxitol, Propylene Glycol Ether and Propylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether.
The ether presents itself in a fluid state and has an ether-like smell.

Arcosolv PE is a solvent for various materials, as it is miscible with water and is hygroscopic. The formula for EP is C5H12O2.
Arcosolv PE (also known as propylene glycol ether; Arcosolv PE; ethyl proxytol and propylene glycol monoethyl ether) is a clear liquid with a characteristic ether-like odour.
Arcosolv PE has the formula C5H12O2 and Arcosolv PE is water miscible, hygroscopic.

Arcosolv PE are organic compounds produced from the reaction of propylene oxide with base-catalyzed alcohols.
Alcohols include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and phenol.
Higher Arcosolv PE can be produced from subsequent reactions with additional propylene oxides.

Arcosolv PE is widely used as coupling agents in paints and solvents, and are also materials for coating production.
Compared with Arcosolv PE, Arcosolv PE coupling advantages are low toxicity, increased electrolyte solubility and excellent wetting ability.

Melting point: -100 °C
Boiling point: 132 °C
Density: 0.897
vapor pressure: 10hPa at 23.85℃
refractive index: 1.405-1.409
Flash point: 42 °C
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Chloroform (Sparingly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly)
form: Liquid
pka: 14.51±0.20(Predicted)
Specific Gravity: 0.896
color: Colorless
Odor: Mild
Water Solubility: soluble
Exposure limits ACGIH: TWA 50 ppm; STEL 200 ppm (Skin)
LogP: 0 at 20℃

Arcosolv PE are commonly used as coupling agents in paints and as solvents and are also materials for producing coatings, resins, inks, and cleaners.
Compared to Arcosolv PE, propylene glycol ethers offer coupling advantages, low toxicity, increased electrolyte solubility, and excellent wetting ability.
Arcosolv PE have safer metabolic activities compared to ethylene glycol ethers.

Arcosolv PE is a clear liquid that has a characteristic ether-like odor.
Arcosolv PE is miscible with water, is hygroscopic, and it also provides good solvency for a wide variety of substances, including resins, inks, and adhesives.

Arcosolv PE has good solvency for a wide range of substances, including many organic compounds, resins, oils, and greases.
Arcosolv PE can effectively dissolve and disperse these substances, making it useful in various applications.
Arcosolv PE has a moderate volatility, meaning it evaporates at a moderate rate.

Arcosolv PE characteristic allows it to balance between providing sufficient time for application and drying quickly enough to form a solid film or coating.
Arcosolv PE is known for its relatively mild odor, making it more pleasant to work with compared to some other solvents.
In some formulations, Arcosolv PE can help control the viscosity of the product.

Arcosolv PE the concentration of Ethoxy Propanol, manufacturers can achieve the desired consistency and flow properties in their formulations.
Arcosolv PEl is generally considered to have low acute toxicity, it is still important to follow appropriate safety precautions.
Prolonged or repeated exposure to Arcosolv PE through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion may cause irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes.

Arcosolv PE is recommended to use proper ventilation, wear protective equipment (such as gloves and goggles), and handle the chemical in a well-ventilated area.
Arcosolv PE may be subject to regulations and guidelines regarding its handling, storage, transportation, and disposal.
Arcosolv PE is important to consult local regulations and follow the appropriate guidelines to ensure safe and compliant use of Ethoxy Propanol.

Arcosolv PE (also known as propylene glycol ether; Arcosolv PE; ethyl proxitol; and propylene glycol monoethyl ether) is a clear liquid that has a characteristic ether-like odour.
Arcosolv PE has the formula C5H12O2 and it is miscible with water, is hygroscopic, and it also provides good solvency for a wide variety of substances, including resins, inks, and adhesives.
Arcosolv PE is fast-evaporating, water miscible solvent used for paints, coatings, cleaners, inks, textiles, adhesives and a variety of other applications.

Arcosolv PE is compatible with a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxy, alkyd, polyester, nitrocellulose and polyurethane.
Arcosolv PE Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio.
The original Acros Organics product / item code or SKU reference has not changed as a part of the brand transition to Thermo Scientific Chemicals.

Arcosolv PE is used in a range of industrial, professional, and consumer applications as it provides good solvency due to its’ bi-functional nature.
Arcosolv PE is miscible with both polar and non-polar substances and is an effective solvent for a wide variety of resins, which include epoxies, acrylic, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose, and polyurethanes.
Arcosolv PE also provides low toxicity and this is another property which is valued by the users.

Arcosolv PE is employed mainly in the surface coating and printing industries as it can regulate the flow, levelling, and coalescence of both surface coatings (including water-based paints), and of flexographic printing inks.
Arcosolv PE is also utilised as a chemical intermediate in the production of agro-chemicals and in the production of de-icing/anti-icing formulations.

Arcosolv PE is also utilised in the cleaning industry where it provides cleaning formulations with surface tension reduction, a fast evaporation rate, and low toxicity.
Arcosolv PE (also known as propylene glycol ether; Arcosolv PE; ethyl proxitol; and propylene glycol monoethyl ether) is a clear liquid that has a characteristic ether-like odour.
Arcosolv PE has the formula C5H12O2 and it is miscible with water, is hygroscopic, and it also provides good solvency for a wide variety of substances, including resins, inks, and adhesives.

Arcosolv PE, also known as propylene glycol monoethyl ether, has the chemical formula C5H12O2.
Arcosolv PE is an ether compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) and an ethoxy group (-OCH2CH2-) attached to a propane backbone.
Arcosolv PE is compatible with a wide range of solvents and chemicals, including water, alcohols, ketones, esters, glycol ethers, and many organic solvents.

Arcosolv PE compatibility allows it to be easily blended with other solvents and incorporated into various formulations.
Arcosolv PE is highly soluble in water. This property enables its use in water-based formulations and allows for easy dilution or adjustment of concentrations.
Arcosolv PE is relatively stable under normal conditions. It has a long shelf life and does not readily undergo significant degradation or decomposition.

Arcosolv PE has a low odor threshold, meaning it can be detected by smell even at low concentrations.
This characteristic is important for safety and odor control considerations in formulations.
Arcosolv PE is regulated in some jurisdictions due to its potential health and environmental effects.

Arcosolv PE is important to comply with local regulations and guidelines regarding its storage, handling, and use.
Arcosolv PE, this compound is known by various other names, including propylene glycol ethyl ether, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, ethyl propasol, EPE, PnB, and PGEE.

Uses
Arcosolv PE is used as a solvent for a wide variety of resins such as epoxies, acrylic, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose, and polyurethanes.
Arcosolv PE is also used in the surface coating and printing industries, thereby it regulate the flow, levelling, and coalescence of both surface coatings.
Arcosolv PE acts as an intermediate in the production of agro-chemicals and de-icing, and anti-icing formulations.

Arcosolv PE finds application as to make cleaning products, as grease and paint remover.
Arcosolv PE can be used in place of ethylene glycol (E-series) ethers and acetates.
Arcosolv PE, acrylic, epoxy, alkyd, polyester, nitrocellulose and polyurethane.

The low toxicity level, reduction in surface tension and rapid evaporation make Arcosolv PE cleaning formulations.
Arcosolv PE also provides good solubility for polar and non-polar materials.
Arcosolv PE is miscible with both polar and non-polar materials and is an effective solvent for a wide variety of resins, includes epoxies, acrylic, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

Arcosolv PE also provides low toxicity, another feature valued by users.
Arcosolv PE is mainly used in the surface coating and printing industries, because the flow of Arcosolv PE can regulate the leveling,
Arcosolv PE is commonly used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, and varnishes.

Arcosolv PE helps dissolve resin binders, pigments, and additives, facilitating proper application, leveling, and film formation.
Arcosolv PE is used in various cleaning formulations, such as industrial cleaners, degreasers, and surface cleaners.
Arcosolv PE can effectively remove oils, greases, and contaminants from surfaces.

Arcosolv PE finds application in the printing ink industry, particularly in flexographic and lithographic inks.
Arcosolv PE helps dissolve and disperse the ink components, enhancing flow, color development, and print quality.
Arcosolv PE is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.

Arcosolv PE aids in dissolving the adhesive components and provides proper viscosity and drying characteristics.
Arcosolv PE can be utilized as a reactant or reaction medium in certain chemical reactions and synthesis processes.
Its solvency properties and compatibility with various organic compounds make it suitable for use in reactions.

Arcosolv PE is used mainly in the surface coating and printing industries as it can regulate the flow, levelling and coalescence of both surface coatings (including water-based paints) and flexographic printing inks.
Arcosolv PE is also used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of agricultural chemicals and in the manufacture of de-icing/anti-icing formulations.
Arcosolv PE is also used in the cleaning industry where it provides cleaning formulations that reduce surface tension.

Arcosolv PE Adhesives, Agriculture, Cleaners, Coatings, Glycol, Glycol Ether, Inks, Intermediates, Paints, Resins,
One of the largest application areas of Arcosolv PE is the protective coatings.
Coatings formulators, resin manufacturers, and coating applicators apply these in protective coatings for applications in industry, automotive, and in architecture.

Arcosolv PE is also used in cleaning since they provide an extensive combination of basic physical and performance properties for formulations in cleaning.
Arcosolv PE is also used as high-performance industrial solvents for paints, inks, and other various applications.
New product development and reformulations have used these as solvents.

Arcosolv PE is widely used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, and varnishes.
Arcosolv PE helps dissolve and disperse resin binders, pigments, and additives, allowing for proper application, leveling, and the formation of a durable film.
Arcosolv PE is utilized in the formulation of industrial and household cleaning products.

Arcosolv PE is effective in removing oils, greases, and various contaminants from surfaces, making it valuable in applications such as degreasers, all-purpose cleaners, and specialty cleaning agents.
Arcosolv PE finds application in the printing ink industry, particularly in flexographic and lithographic inks.
It helps dissolve and disperse the ink components, facilitating proper ink flow, color development, and print quality.

Arcosolv PE is employed in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
Arcosolv PE aids in dissolving the adhesive components, improving viscosity, and promoting proper adhesion and curing characteristics.
Arcosolv PE serves as a solvent and carrier for various industrial and specialty chemicals.

Arcosolv PE helps in dissolving and formulating substances such as resins, dyes, pigments, lubricants, and corrosion inhibitors.
is utilized in metal cleaning and surface preparation applications.
It can effectively remove contaminants, oils, and residues from metal surfaces, preparing them for further processing, coating, or finishing.

Arcosolv PE is found in automotive care products such as degreasers, brake cleaners, and engine cleaners.
Its solvency power assists in removing dirt, grime, and oil buildup from vehicle surfaces and components.
Arcosolv PE can be used as a reactant or reaction medium in certain chemical reactions and synthesis processes.

Arcosolv PEs solvency and compatibility with various organic compounds make it suitable for use in reactions and the production of specialty chemicals.
Arcosolv PE can be used for different applications that other glycol ethers may not be used for the same purpose.
They do not produce toxicological effects that are connected with the use of certain ethylene glycol ethers.

Arcosolv PEs do not produce the same effects as these other glycol ethers.
Arcosolv PE provide good solvency for a various resins that include epoxies, acrylic, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose, and polyurethanes.
Low toxicity, reduction of surface tension, and good solvency for both polar and nonpolar materials is provided by these for cleaners.

Arcosolv PE is also used in the manufacture of laminates and in semiconductor processes that are used to make circuit boards in the electronics industry.
Arcosolv PE can be used in the preparation of 1-ethoxy-2-bromopropane using phosphorus tribromide.
Arcosolv is used in PE Adhesives, Agricultural Chemicals, Cleaning, Paint, Textile.

Arcosolv PE Floor Cleaner, Grease Cleaner, Ink Solvent, Metal Cleaner, Paint Solvent, Paint Stripper, Resins, Wax are used.
Arcosolv PE is mostly used as a solvent.
Arcosolv PE is mostly used in degreasers, cleaners, aerosol paints and adhesives.

Arcosolv PE is commonly found in medicines, sunscreens, cosmetics, inks, paints and water-based paints.
Arcosolv PE is used in Food and Beverage Processing, Food Service and Kitchen Hygiene, Institutional Cleaning and Sanitation,
Arcosolv PE is mostly used for coating surfaces and in the printing industry.

One of the biggest application areas of Arcosolv PE is protective coatings.
Arcosolv PE is used in protective coatings by Coating formulators, resin manufacturers and coating applicators.
Arcosolv PE is also used in cleaning as they provide a comprehensive combination of basic physical and performance.

Arcosolv PE is also used as high performance industrial solvents for paints, inks and various other applications.
Arcosolv PE is used as solvent in new product development and reformulations.
Arcosolv PE can be used for different applications where other glycol ethers cannot be used for the same purpose.

Arcosolv PE is mostly used in the coating of surfaces and the printing industry.
Arcosolv PE can balance the flow, coalescence, and levelling, making the compound perfect for flexographic printing inks and surface coating and water-based paints.
Arcosolv PE is also used in laminate manufacturing and semiconductor processes used to make circuits.

Arcosolv PE also provides good solvents for a wide variety of substances, including resins, inks and adhesives.
Arcosolv PE is employed in the formulation of inks and coatings for electronic components and devices.
It helps disperse conductive materials, binders, and additives, allowing for precise and reliable printing or coating of electronic circuits, displays, and other electronic parts.

Arcosolv PE is used in some cosmetics and personal care products, such as hair sprays, nail polishes, and perfumes.
It can serve as a solvent for fragrances, resins, and other cosmetic ingredients, contributing to product formulation and performance.
Arcosolv PE finds application in pesticide and herbicide formulations.

Arcosolv PE can be used as a solvent to dissolve active ingredients and enhance the dispersion of other additives, aiding in the formulation of effective and stable pesticide products.
Arcosolv PE is utilized in the formulation of industrial and institutional cleaners, including degreasers, heavy-duty detergents, and surface cleaners used in commercial settings.
Arcosolv PE solvency power helps remove tough stains, oils, and contaminants from various surfaces.

Arcosolv PE can be employed in metal finishing processes, including cleaning, degreasing, and surface preparation prior to plating, coating, or painting.
It aids in the removal of oils, residues, and impurities, ensuring proper adhesion and desired finishing results.
Arcosolv PE is used in the textile and leather industry for various applications.

Arcosolv PE can be incorporated into dyeing processes, assisting in the dissolution and dispersion of dyes, and promoting color uniformity.
Arcosolv PE is also used in leather processing to facilitate dyeing, degreasing, and finishing operations.
Arcosolv PE is utilized in the formulation of wood coatings, stains, and finishes.

Arcosolv PE helps dissolve and disperse resins, pigments, and additives, enabling proper application, penetration, and protection of the wood surfaces.
Arcosolv PE Resins, Inks, Adhesives, Surface coatings including water-based paints, Flexographic printing inks are used.
Arcosolv PE Chemical processing, Ink and printing, Paint and surface coating, Industrial solvents and chemicals are used.

Arcosolv PE finds application in the production of cleaning products, as an oil and paint remover.
Arcosolv PE can be used in place of ethylene glycol (E-series) ethers and acetates.

Flammability
Arcosolv PE is a flammable liquid and vapor.
Arcosolv PE has a relatively low flash point, which means it can ignite when exposed to an open flame, sparks, or heat sources.
Proper fire safety measures, such as using suitable storage containers, keeping away from ignition sources, and following appropriate handling and storage guidelines, should be followed.

Inhalation Hazard
Inhalation of Arcosolv PE vapors or mists may cause respiratory irritation.
Prolonged or excessive inhalation in high concentrations could lead to headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, and even respiratory difficulties.
Adequate ventilation and the use of respiratory protection equipment are recommended in enclosed spaces or situations where high concentrations may be present.

Skin and Eye Irritation
Arcosolv PE can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon direct contact.
Arcosolv PE is advisable to wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection when handling Arcosolv PE to prevent skin and eye contact.
In case of contact, rinse affected areas with plenty of water and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Environmental Impact
Arcosolv PE may have adverse effects on the environment if released in large quantities or without proper containment.
It is important to handle, store, and dispose of Arcosolv PE in accordance with local regulations and guidelines to prevent contamination of soil, water sources, and ecosystems.

Health Effects
Prolonged or repeated exposure to Arcosolv PE, either through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion, may have potential health effects.
These effects can include irritation of the respiratory system, skin, and eyes, as well as headaches, dizziness, and drowsiness.
Chronic exposure or excessive exposure to high concentrations may have more severe health effects.

Synonyms
1-Ethoxy-2-propanol
1569-02-4
1-Ethoxypropan-2-ol
2-PROPANOL, 1-ETHOXY-
Propylene glycol ethyl ether
1-ethoxy-propan-2-ol
NSC 2404
EINECS 216-374-5
UNII-ROT9EQO32E
ROT9EQO32E
BRN 1732213
DTXSID1041267
NSC-2404
EC 216-374-5
NSC2404
MFCD00067050
PGY (CHRIS Code)
SCHEMBL15671
propyleneglycol monoethyl ether
DTXCID404283
WLN: QY1&1O2
CHEMBL3188294
1-Ethoxy-2-propanol, >=95%
1-Ethoxy-2-propanol, AldrichCPR
Tox21_301831
AKOS006039439
NCGC00255623-01
CAS-1569-02-4
LS-122289
E0446
EN300-177730
Q27288224
ARCOSOLV PM
ARCOSOLV PM is a colorless liquid with a sweet ether-like odor and bitter taste.
ARCOSOLV PM is soluble in water, ether, acetone, and benzene.
ARCOSOLV PM, possesses mild, pleasant odor and very low content of primary alcohol.

CAS Number: 107-98-2
Molecular Formula: C4H10O2
Molecular Weight: 90.12
EINECS Number: 203-539-1

ARCOSOLV PM, a colorless liquid.
ARCOSOLV PM, flash point near 89°F.
ARCOSOLV PM, less dense than water.

ARCOSOLV PM, contact irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
ARCOSOLV PM, prolonged exposure to vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and intoxication.
ARCOSOLV PM vapors heavier than air.

ARCOSOLV PM used as a solvent and as an antifreeze agent.
ARCOSOLV PM by LyondellBasell is a colorless propylene glycol ether solvent.
ARCOSOLV PM used in adhesive applications.

ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a substitute for ether solvents (ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether).
ARCOSOLV PM provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

ARCOSOLV PM is a colorless, flammable liquid with low toxicity, having a mild, pleasant odor.
ARCOSOLV PM is completely water soluble, miscible with a number of organic solvents, and has good solvency for a number of substances.
ARCOSOLV PM and blends can be used as replacements for ethylene glycol (E-series) ether acetates, particularly EEA and EMA.

ARCOSOLV PM, also known as propylene glycol methyl ether, is a chemical solvent with the chemical formula C₅H₁₂O₂.
ARCOSOLV PM is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild odor.
ARCOSOLV PM is a member of the propylene glycol ether family, which includes various glycol ethers used as solvents in industrial and commercial applications.

ARCOSOLV PM is valued for its solvency power and compatibility with a wide range of materials.
It has a low volatility and high boiling point, making it useful in applications where slower evaporation rates are desired.

ARCOSOLV PM is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial and commercial applications.
It can dissolve a wide range of substances, including resins, oils, inks, coatings, and adhesives.
It is particularly effective in formulations where a balance between evaporation rate, solvency, and low toxicity is desired.

ARCOSOLV PM is utilized as a solvent in coatings and paints.
ARCOSOLV PM helps to dissolve the binders, pigments, and other additives in these formulations, ensuring proper application and desired performance properties.
It is often preferred for its slower evaporation rate, which allows for better leveling, flow, and extended open time during application.

ARCOSOLV PM is used in cleaning products and degreasers due to its ability to dissolve and remove a wide range of contaminants.
ARCOSOLV PM can be employed in industrial settings for the cleaning of machinery, equipment, and metal surfaces.

ARCOSOLV PM finds application in the printing industry as a solvent for various types of inks, including flexographic and gravure inks.
ARCOSOLV PM helps to dissolve the ink components, allowing for proper flow and adhesion during the printing process.

ARCOSOLV PM is utilized in the electronics and semiconductor industry as a solvent in the formulation of electronic cleaning solutions, solder fluxes, and photoresist strippers.
Arcosolv PM is a colorless propylene glycol ether solvent.
ARCOSOLV PM used in adhesive applications. Possesses mild, pleasant odor and very low content of primary alcohol.

Arcosolv PM can be used as a substitute for ether solvents (ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether).
Arcosolv PM provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

ARCOSOLV PM has good solvency for a wide range of materials, including resins, oils, waxes, and other organic compounds.
ARCOSOLV PM can dissolve and disperse these substances effectively, making it valuable in various applications.
ARCOSOLV PM has a relatively low volatility and a slow evaporation rate.

This characteristic allows for extended open time and improved leveling and flow in coating and ink formulations, providing more time for proper application.
ARCOSOLV PM is compatible with many common materials, including plastics, elastomers, and coatings.
This compatibility makes it suitable for use in formulations where compatibility with the substrate or other components is crucial.

ARCOSOLV PM is considered to have low toxicity and is generally regarded as safe for its intended uses.
However, like any chemical, proper handling, storage, and usage practices should be followed to ensure safety.

Melting point: -97 °C
Boiling point: 118-119 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.922 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density: 3.12 (vs air)
vapor pressure: 10.9 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.403(lit.)
Flash point: 93 °F
storage temp.: Store at +2°C to +25°C.
solubility: water: miscible
form: Liquid
pka: 14.49±0.20(Predicted)
color: Colorless
PH: 4-7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: sweet ether-like odor
explosive limit: 1.7-11.5%(V)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
BRN: 1731270
Exposure limits TLV-TWA 100 ppm (370 mg/m3) (ACGIH); STEL 150 ppm (555 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
Stability: Stable. Highly flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, water. Moisture-sensitive.
LogP: 0.37 at 20℃

ARCOSOLV PM has a relatively low vapor pressure and low volatility compared to some other solvents.
This characteristic makes it useful in applications where reduced emissions and a longer open time are desired.
ARCOSOLV PM has good solubility for a wide range of organic compounds, including oils, resins, dyes, and polymers.

ARCOSOLV PM can effectively dissolve these substances, making it suitable for various formulations and applications.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a primary solvent or as a co-solvent in formulations.
It can be blended with other solvents to achieve specific solvency and performance requirements.

Arcosolv PM is a colorless, flammable liquid with low toxicity, having a mild, pleasant odor.
Arcosolv PM is completely water soluble, miscible with a number of organic solvents, and has good solvency for a number of substances.

Arcosolv PM has a specific gravity of 0.924 and a flash point of 33°C and is therefore highly flammable, therefore it should also be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated area free from sources of ignition.
ARCOSOLV PM exhibits good solvency for a wide range of materials, including resins, oils, waxes, and other organic compounds.

ARCOSOLV PM makes it valuable in various applications where effective dissolution and dispersion of substances are required.
ARCOSOLV PM has a relatively slow evaporation rate, which can be advantageous in applications where extended drying or working time is desired.
It allows for improved leveling, flow, and adhesion during coating and ink applications.

ARCOSOLV PM is compatible with many common materials, including plastics, elastomers, and coatings.
ARCOSOLV PM makes it suitable for formulations where compatibility with the substrate or other components is important.
ARCOSOLV PM is generally regarded as safe for its intended uses however, like any chemical, it should be handled with appropriate safety precautions to ensure safe usage

ARCOSOLV PM, or propylene glycol methyl ether, has the chemical structure CH3OCH2CH(CH3)OH.
ARCOSOLV PM is a member of the propylene glycol ether family, which includes other glycol ethers derived from propylene glycol.
ARCOSOLV PM is utilized in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.

ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a solvent to dissolve and disperse adhesive components, improving the workability and performance of the final product.
ARCOSOLV PM is found in cleaning formulations for household, industrial, and institutional applications.
It can be used in general-purpose cleaners, degreasers, and specialty cleaning products to remove various types of contaminants.

ARCOSOLV PM is incorporated into the formulation of various industrial and specialty chemicals.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a reaction solvent, extraction solvent, or as a component in specific chemical processes.
ARCOSOLV PM are high performance solvents used in numerous industrial applications, including cleaners, inks, paints, and coatings.

ARCOSOLV PM uses and applications for PGEs include agricultural, cosmetic, electronic, ink, textile and adhesive products.

ARCOSOLV PM is the fastest evaporating solvent in the glycol ether family.
ARCOSOLV PM offers very high water solubility and active solvency, and is widely used in coating and cleaning applications.
It offers better viscosity reduction than heavier molecular weight glycol ethers and is particularly effective in epoxy and high solids acrylic systems.

ARCOSOLV PM (also known as PMA, 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether-1,2-acetate) is a medium volatility solvent with a mild odour.
ARCOSOLV PMt is a clear liquid that has limited miscibility with water.
ARCOSOLV PM is being used in inks, coatings, and cleaners.

ARCOSOLV PM is a flammable liquid with low toxicity.
ARCOSOLV PM is a colorless liquid, having a mild, pleasant odor.

ARCOSOLV PM is completely water soluble, miscible with a number of organic solvents and has good solvency for a number of substances.
ARCOSOLV PM provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including alkyds, epoxies, acrylic, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.

Uses
ARCOSOLV PM is primarily used in the manufacture of lacquers and paints, as an anti-freeze in industrial engines, a tailing agent for inks used on very high-speed presses, a coupling agent for resins and dyes in waterbased inks, and a solvent for celluloses, acrylics, dyes, inks, and stains.
ARCOSOLV PM is also used in cleaning products such as glass and rug cleaners, carbon and grease removers, and paint and varnish removers; and in pesticide formulations as a solvent for applications to crops and animals.

In the electronics market, ARCOSOLV PM-EL is used in conjunction with other solvents (like DMF and/or acetone) in the manufacture of laminates for printed circuit boards. Additionally, ARCOSOLV PM-EL may be used in the cleaning and removal of solder flux and masks, and in blends as an edge bead remover.
ARCOSOLV PM is used as a solvent in various coatings and paint formulations, including industrial coatings, architectural paints, and wood coatings.

ARCOSOLV PM aids in the dispersion of pigments and other additives and contributes to the desired performance characteristics of the coating.
ARCOSOLV PM is utilized as a solvent in printing inks, including flexographic, gravure, and screen printing inks.
It helps dissolve the ink components and provides the desired viscosity and flow properties during the printing process.

ARCOSOLV PM is employed in cleaning products and degreasers due to its solvency power and compatibility with a wide range of contaminants.
ARCOSOLV PM can effectively dissolve oils, greases, and other residues, making it suitable for industrial cleaning applications.
ARCOSOLV PM finds application in the electronics and semiconductor industry.

ARCOSOLV PM is used as a solvent in the formulation of electronic cleaning solutions, solder fluxes, and photoresist strippers.
Similar to other glycol ethers, Arcosolv PM is used as a carrier/solvent in printing/writing inks and paints/coatings.
Arcosolv PM also finds use as an industrial and commercial paint stripper.

Arcosolv PM is used as an antifreeze in diesel engines.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly for oral and topical drug products.
It aids in dissolving active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), facilitating the formulation process.

ARCOSOLV PM finds applications in various personal care products, including cosmetics, lotions, and creams.
ARCOSOLV PM can function as a solvent, co-solvent, or coupling agent, helping to dissolve and stabilize ingredients in these formulations.
ARCOSOLV PM is sometimes used in agricultural applications as a solvent or carrier for agrochemical formulations such as pesticides and herbicides.

ARCOSOLV PM helps in the dispersion and delivery of active ingredients.
ARCOSOLV PM is employed as a cleaning solvent in industrial, commercial, and household applications.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used for degreasing metal surfaces, cleaning electronic components, and removing residues and contaminants.

Arcosolv PM may be used in the cleaning and removal of solder flux and masks, and in blends as an edge bead remover.
General industry practice is to store ARCOSOLV PM in carbon steel vessels.
ARCOSOLV PM is also used in industrial and automotive and oven cleaners and commercial products such as paints, varnishes, inks, synthetic resins and rubber adhesives.

ARCOSOLV PM is extensively used in many decorative and protective coating formulations.
ARCOSOLV PM has a similar evaporation rate and solvency compared to EEA in an acrylic-epoxy baking enamel formulation.
ARCOSOLV PM is also found to give better gloss and image distinction.

ARCOSOLV PM is a colorless, flammable liquid with low toxicity, having a mild, pleasant odor.
ARCOSOLV PM is completely water soluble, miscible with a number of organic solvents, and has good solvency for a number of substances.
ARCOSOLV PM and blends are substitutes for many ethylene glycol (E-series) ethers.

ARCOSOLV PM is widely used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings and paints.
ARCOSOLV PM helps to dissolve and disperse binders, pigments, resins, and other additives, enabling proper application and desired performance characteristics.
ARCOSOLV PM is utilized as a solvent in the production of printing inks, including flexographic, gravure, and screen printing inks.

ARCOSOLV PM aids in the dissolution and dispersion of ink components, facilitating smooth application and adhesion to the substrate.
ARCOSOLV PM is employed in cleaning products and degreasers due to its solvency power and compatibility with various contaminants.
ARCOSOLV PM can effectively dissolve oils, greases, waxes, and other residues, making it suitable for industrial, commercial, and household cleaning applications.

ARCOSOLV PM is used as a solvent in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
It helps dissolve and disperse adhesive components, improving their workability and providing proper bonding properties.
ARCOSOLV PM is found in cosmetics, lotions, creams, and other personal care products.

ARCOSOLV PM can function as a solvent, co-solvent, or coupling agent, helping to dissolve and stabilize various ingredients in these formulations.
ARCOSOLV PM is utilized as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in the formulation of oral and topical drug products.
ARCOSOLV PM aids in dissolving active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and facilitating the development of pharmaceutical formulations.

ARCOSOLV PM is incorporated into the formulation of various industrial and specialty chemicals.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a reaction solvent, extraction solvent, or as a component in specific chemical processes.
ARCOSOLV PM finds application in the electronics and semiconductor industry.

ARCOSOLV PM is used as a solvent in the formulation of electronic cleaning solutions, solder fluxes, and photoresist strippers.
ARCOSOLV PM is used as a propellant and solvent in aerosol products such as air fresheners, cleaning sprays, and personal care sprays.
ARCOSOLV PM helps to disperse and deliver the active ingredients in a fine mist form.

ARCOSOLV PM is employed in the formulation of household and institutional cleaning products such as floor cleaners, glass cleaners, and bathroom cleaners.
ARCOSOLV PM aids in the removal of dirt, grime, and stains from various surfaces.

ARCOSOLV PM is used in the formulation of industrial degreasers and heavy-duty cleaning solutions.
ARCOSOLV PMs strong solvency power allows for the efficient removal of tough grease, oil, and contaminants from machinery, equipment, and industrial surfaces.

ARCOSOLV PM is utilized as a solvent for cleaning equipment, tools, and containers used in resin-based applications.
It helps dissolve and remove cured or uncured resin residues, facilitating equipment maintenance and resin recycling.

ARCOSOLV PM is employed in the electronics industry for cleaning electronic components, printed circuit boards (PCBs), and precision instruments.
ARCOSOLV PM helps remove flux residues, soldering contaminants, and other impurities without damaging sensitive electronic parts.
ARCOSOLV PM is used as a component in paint stripping formulations.

ARCOSOLV PM helps to soften and dissolve paint coatings, allowing for their easy removal from surfaces such as metal, wood, and concrete.
ARCOSOLV PM finds application in the processing of polymers.
It can be used as a solvent or processing aid in polymer blending, molding, and extrusion processes, enhancing the flow and workability of the polymer materials.

ARCOSOLV PM is incorporated into agricultural chemical formulations, including herbicides, insecticides, and plant growth regulators.
ARCOSOLV PM serves as a solvent, co-solvent, or carrier, assisting in the dispersion and delivery of active ingredients to target plants and pests.

ARCOSOLV PM is utilized in metal cleaning and surface preparation applications.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used to remove contaminants, oils, and residues from metal surfaces before further processing, coating, or painting.

Safety Profile
ARCOSOLV PM mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact.
Human systemic effects by inhalation: general anesthesia, nausea. A skin and eye irritant.
Many glycol ethers have dangerous human reproductive effects.

Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.
See also ARCOSOLV PM used as a solvent and in solvent-sealing of cellophane.

While ARCOSOLV PM is considered to have low toxicity, it is always important to handle any chemical with proper safety precautions.
This includes using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and safety goggles, and following guidelines provided by the manufacturer.

ARCOSOLV PM is advisable to consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer for specific safety information, including hazards, handling, storage, and disposal guidelines.
While ARCOSOLV PM is generally considered to have low toxicity, it is always important to handle any chemical substance with proper safety precautions.
This includes wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), following safe handling practices, and adhering to relevant regulations and guidelines.

Health Hazard
ARCOSOLV PM is a mild toxicant.
The toxicity is lower than that of the ARCOSOLV PM, and butyl ethers of ethylene glycol.

The toxic symptoms from inhaling high concentrations are nausea, vomiting, and general anesthetic effects.
In humans, toxic effects may be felt at exposure to a level of 3000–4000 ppm.

ARCOSOLV PM the oral and dermal toxicities in test animals were low.
The effects were mild depression of the central nervous system and a slight change in liver and kidney.
The recovery was rapid. Irritant actions on the skin and eyes of rabbits were low LC50 value (rats): 7000 ppm /6 h LD50 value (rats): 5660 mg/kg.

Synonyms
Methoxypropanol
1-methoxy-1-propanol
1-Propanol, methoxy-
Dowanol PM
1-Propanol, 1-methoxy-
Methyl Propasol
Propionaldehyde, methyl hemiacetal
Arcosolv PM
Solvenon PM
Kuraray PGM
UNII-80C1FW8ZKN
13071-62-0
80C1FW8ZKN
PM (solvent)
Propanol, 1(or 2)-methoxy-
J1.144.695G
28677-93-2
CCRIS 8872
Methyl ether of propylene glycol
1,2-Propanediol, monomethyl ether
1-methoxypropan-1-ol
EINECS 215-306-1
Propylenglykol-monomethylaether [German]
methoxy propanol
Methoxy-1-propanol
UNII-6HV533WJRZ
6HV533WJRZ
DTXSID50891182
LS-120681
A806355
Q22932764
ARCOSOLV PM
ARCOSOLV PM is a colorless propylene glycol ether solvent.
Possesses mild, pleasant odor and very low content of primary alcohol.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used as a substitute for ether solvents (ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether).

CAS: 107-98-2
MF: C4H10O2
MW: 90.12
EINECS: 203-539-1

ARCOSOLV PM provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.
A colorless liquid.
Flash point near 89°F.
Less dense than water.
Contact irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
Prolonged exposure to vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and intoxication.

Vapors heavier than air.
Used as a solvent and as an antifreeze agent.
ARCOSOLV PM is an organic solvent with a wide variety of industrial and commercial uses.
Similar to other glycol ethers, ARCOSOLV PM is used as a carrier/solvent in printing/writing inks and paints/coatings.
ARCOSOLV PM also finds use as an industrial and commercial paint stripper.
ARCOSOLV PM is used as an antifreeze in diesel engines.

ARCOSOLV PM is the methyl ether of propylene glycol, it is a water-soluble solvent with unique properties making ARCOSOLV PM ideal for use in a wide range of applications, including those that require a high degree of solvency, quick evaporation, and good surface tension reduction.

ARCOSOLV PM is an effective product for use in the paints and coatings industry, as well as being a good solvent, it can promote good film surfaces by maintaining dissolved resins during the evaporation process.
ARCOSOLV PM provides good solvency for a wide variety of resins including acrylic, epoxies, polyesters, nitrocellulose and polyurethanes.
For cleaners they offer low toxicity, good coupling, wetting and penetration, and high solvency for polar and nonpolar materials.

ARCOSOLV PM Chemical Properties
Melting point: -97 °C
Boiling point: 118-119 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.922 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor density: 3.12 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 10.9 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.403(lit.)
Fp: 93 °F
Storage temp.: Store at +2°C to +25°C.
solubility water: miscible
form: Liquid
pka: 14.49±0.20(Predicted)
color: Colorless
PH: 4-7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: sweet ether-like odor
explosive limit: 1.7-11.5%(V)
Water Solubility: soluble
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
BRN: 1731270
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 100 ppm (370 mg/m3) (ACGIH); STEL 150 ppm (555 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
Stability: Stable.
Highly flammable.
Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, water.
Moisture-sensitive.
InChIKey: ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 0.37 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 107-98-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: ARCOSOLV PM (107-98-2)
EPA Substance Registry System: ARCOSOLV PM (107-98-2)

ARCOSOLV PM is a colorless liquid with a sweet ether-like odor and bitter taste.
ARCOSOLV PM is soluble in water, ether, acetone, and benzene.

Uses
ARCOSOLV PM is primarily used in the manufacture of lacquers and paints, as an anti-freeze in industrial engines, a tailing agent for inks used on very high-speed presses, a coupling agent for resins and dyes in waterbased inks, and a solvent for celluloses, acrylics, dyes, inks, and stains.
ARCOSOLV PM is also used in cleaning products such as glass and rug cleaners, carbon and grease removers, and paint and varnish removers; and in pesticide formulations as a solvent for applications to crops and animals.
ARCOSOLV PM is used as a solvent for cellulose, acrylics, dyes, inks, and cellophane.
ARCOSOLV PM acts as a good biological indicator.

ARCOSOLV PM is mainly used as solvent, dispersant and diluent, as well as fuel antifreeze, extractant, etc.
ARCOSOLV PM Used as solvent of nitrocellulose, compounding agent of brake oil and detergent, etc.
Widely used in coatings and cleaners.
ARCOSOLV PM can be used as the active solvent of water-based coatings; Active solvent and coupling agent of solvent based printing ink; Solvent for ballpoint pens and pens; Coupling agents and solvents for household and industrial cleaners, derusting agents and hard surface cleaners; Solvents for agricultural pesticides; Mixed with propylene glycol n-butyl ether for glass cleaner formula.
A glycol ether and a good biological indicator of exposure.

Reactivity Profile
ARCOSOLV PM is a methoxy alcohol derivative.
The ether being relatively unreactive.
Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents.
They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water.
Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones.
Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior.
They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Health Hazard
ARCOSOLV PM is a mild toxicant.
The toxicity is lower than that of the methyl, ethyl, and butyl ethers of ethylene glycol.
The toxic symptoms from inhaling high concentrations are nausea, vomiting, and general anesthetic effects.
In humans, toxic effects may be felt at exposure to a level of 3000–4000 ppm.
The oral and dermal toxicities in test animals were low.
The effects were mild depression of the central nervous system and a slight change in liver and kidney.
The recovery was rapid.
Irritant actions on the skin and eyes of rabbits were low.

Synthesis
ARCOSOLV PM is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-amino-3-carboxy-4-phenylthiophenes, which acts as a protein kinase C inhibitors.
ARCOSOLV PM is also used as a reagent in the synthesis of metolachlor.

Toxicity evaluation
Contact irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
Prolonged exposure to vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and intoxication.
Vapors heavier than air.
Used as a solvent and as an antifreeze agent.
The oral LD50 of rats was 6.6g/kg.
The skin irritation is not obvious, but the toxic dose can be absorbed through the skin.
The main manifestations of animal poisoning were inhibition and incomplete anesthesia.
Half of the rats died when they were exposed to steam concentration of 40.18g/m3 for 5 ~ 6 hours.

Synonyms
1-Methoxy-2-propanol
107-98-2
1-Methoxypropan-2-ol
Methoxyisopropanol
PGME
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-
Closol
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
Dowtherm 209
1-Methoxy-2-hydroxypropane
Propasol solvent M
Dowanol 33B
PROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER
2-Methoxy-1-methylethanol
Methyl proxitol
2-Propanol, methoxy-
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether
Ucar Solvent LM (Obs.)
NSC 2409
Dowanol-33B
HSDB 1016
1-methoxy-propan-2-ol
EINECS 203-539-1
UN3092
BRN 1731270
UNII-74Z7JO8V3U
.alpha.-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether
AI3-15573
74Z7JO8V3U
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether
DTXSID8024284
NSC-2409
EC 203-539-1
3-01-00-02146 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID804284
CAS-107-98-2
propyleneglycol monomethylether
Glycol ether pm
Ucar solvent lm
Solvent PM
Gylcol Ether PM
Icinol PM
methoxy isopropanol
Methoxy-2-propanol
MFCD00004537
1-methoxypropanol-2
1-Metoxipropan-2-ol
1-Metoksy-2-propanol
PME (CHRIS Code)
3-methoxy-propan-2-ol
Propan-1-methoxy-2-ol
2-Propanol, 1-metoxi-
rac-1-methoxy-2-propanol
1- methoxypropan- 2- ol
1,2-PROPYLENE GLYCOL 1-MONOMETHYL ETHER
2-methoxy-1-methyl ethanol
Propan-2-ol, 1-methoxy-
propylene glycol monomethylether
1-Methoxy-2-propanol, 98%
1-Methoxy-2-propanol (PGME)
Methoxypropanol, .alpha. isomer
(+/-)-1-methoxy-2-propanol
1 - methoxypropan - 2 - ol
CHEMBL3186306
METHOXYISOPROPANOL [INCI]
NSC2409
WLN: QY1 & 1O1
propylene glycol mono methyl ether
(+/-)2-methoxy-1-methylethanol
Propylene Glycol 1-Monomethyl Ether
Tox21_201803
Tox21_303269
LS-444
NA3092
1-Methoxy-2-propanol, >=99.5%
AKOS009158246
SB44649
SB44662
NCGC00249123-01
NCGC00256978-01
NCGC00259352-01
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)
1-METHOXY-2-HYDROXYPROPANE [HSDB]
1-Methoxy-2-propanol, analytical standard
Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether Reagent Grade
FT-0608005
FT-0647598
FT-0654880
FT-0655258
M0126
EN300-73396
E72455
PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER, ALPHA
1-Methoxy-2-propanol [UN3092] [Flammable liquid]
Q1884806
1-Methoxy-2-propanol [UN3092] [Flammable liquid]
Z825742124
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether; (UCAR TRIOL HG-170)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether; (UCAR TRIOL HG-170)
ARCOSOLV PMA
ARCOSOLV PMA is a colorless, coalescing agent.
ARCOSOLV PMA is designed for adhesive products.
ARCOSOLV PMA possesses low toxicity.

CAS: 108-65-6
MF: C6H12O3
MW: 132.16
EINECS: 203-603-9

ARCOSOLV PMA offers very good solvency for a variety of substances including acrylic, nitrocellulose and urethane.
ARCOSOLV PMA can be used as a substitute for certain ethylene glycol ether acetates (EEA and EMA).
ARCOSOLV PMA, also known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, with molecular formula of C6H12O3, is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with special smell.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a non pollution solvent with multi-functional groups.
ARCOSOLV PMA is mainly used as the solvent of ink, paint, ink, textile dye and textile oil agent, and also as the cleaning agent in the production of LCD.
Flammable, may form explosive vapor / air mixture above 42 ° C.

ARCOSOLV PMA is an advanced solvent.
ARCOSOLV PMA's molecule has both ether bond and carbonyl.
Carbonyl forms the structure of ester and contains alkyl at the same time.
In the same molecule, there are both non-polar and polar parts.
The functional groups of these two parts not only restrict and repel each other, but also play their inherent roles.
Therefore, ARCOSOLV PMA has a certain solubility for non-polar substances and polar substances.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a material contains polar groups and non polar group , has good ability of dissolving and coupling, commonly used in solvent based coatings and screen printing ink.

Using ARCOSOLV PMA and acetic acid as raw material, under the catalysis of solid acid, via esterification reaction to generated crude product and its high purity ARCOSOLV PMA after distillation.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a photoresist solvent.
ARCOSOLV PMA's degradation by microorganisms in different soil types has been investigated.
An oral reference dose (RfD) value of ARCOSOLV PMA has been obtained from inhalation studies.
The solubility of (5-alkylsulfonyloxyimino-5H-thiophen-2-ylidene)-2-methylphenyl-acetonitriles in ARCOSOLV PMA has been analyzed.

ARCOSOLV PMA is a P-type glycol ether used in inks, coatings, and cleaners.
ARCOSOLV PMA is sold by Dow Chemical under the name Dowanol PMA, by Shell Chemical under the name methyl proxitol acetate, and by Eastman under the name PM Acetate.
In the semiconductor industry, ARCOSOLV PMA is a commonly used solvent, primarily for the application of surface adherents such as Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine (HMDS) on silicon wafers.
ARCOSOLV PMA is often the most abundant airborne, molecular contamination (AMC) in semiconductor cleanrooms, due to its evaporation into ambient air.

ARCOSOLV PMA Chemical Properties
Melting point: -87 °C
Boiling point: 145-146 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.970 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Vapor pressure: 3.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.402
Fp: 110 °F
Storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
Solubility water: soluble198g/L at 20°C
Form: Liquid
Color: Clear colorless
PH: 4 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: mild fruity odor
Explosive limit: 1.5%(V)
Water Solubility: 19.8 g/L (25 ºC)
BRN: 1751656
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases.
InChIKey: LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 1.2 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 108-65-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: ARCOSOLV PMA (108-65-6)
EPA Substance Registry System: ARCOSOLV PMA (108-65-6)

ARCOSOLV PMA is a clear, slightly hygroscopic liquid with a mild odour.
ARCOSOLV PMA is freely miscible with most common organic solvents, but has only limited miscibility with water.
By virtue of ARCOSOLV PMA's ether and ester groups, Methoxypropyl Acetate enters into reactions that are characteristic of ethers and esters and display their solvent power.
For instance, ARCOSOLV PMA dissolves numerous natural and synthetic resins, waxes, fats and oils.
Since ARCOSOLV PMA may react with the oxygen in the air to form peroxides, BASF supplies ARCOSOLV PMA inhibited with 2.6-di-tert-butyl-para-cresol (butylated hydroxytoluene – BHT).

Uses
ARCOSOLV PMA is used as a solvent for paints, inks, lacquers, varnishes, cleaners and coatings.
ARCOSOLV PMA is also used as a solvent for degreasing circuit boards and in food contact applications.
Further, ARCOSOLV PMA is used in photoresist formulations in the semiconductor industry.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a high-grade industrial solvent with low toxicity and excellent performance.
ARCOSOLV PMA has strong solubility for polar and non-polar substances.
ARCOSOLV PMA is suitable for solvents of various polymers of high-grade coatings and inks, including aminomethyl ester, vinyl, polyester, cellulose acetate, alkyd resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin and nitrocellulose.

Propylene glycol methyl ether propionate is the best solvent in coatings and inks.
ARCOSOLV PMA is suitable for unsaturated polyester, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used as a solvent for paints, inks, lacquers, varnishes, cleaners and coatings.
ARCOSOLV PMA is also used as a solvent for degreasing circuit boards and in food contact applications.
And, ARCOSOLV PMA is used in photoresist formulations in the semiconductor industry.

Synonyms
1-Methoxy-2-propyl acetate
108-65-6
1-methoxypropan-2-yl acetate
Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
2-Acetoxy-1-methoxypropane
PGMEA
1-Methoxy-2-acetoxypropane
2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, acetate
METHOXYISOPROPYL ACETATE
1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL ACETATE
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether acetate
NSC 2207
Acetic acid, 2-methoxy-1-methylethyl ester
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, 2-acetate
EINECS 203-603-9
Dowanol (R) PMA glycol ether acetate
UNII-PA7O2U6S2Q
PROPYLENEGLYCOLMETHYLETHERACETATE
BRN 1751656
PA7O2U6S2Q
2-(1-Methoxy)propyl acetate
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether 2-acetate
AI3-18548
DTXSID1026796
Propylene Glycol 1-Monomethyl Ether 2-Acetate
NSC-2207
propylene glycol monomethylether acetate
EC 203-603-9
Arcosolv PMA
Dowanol PMA
MFCD00038500
2-Propanol, acetate
Ektasolve PM Acetate
1,2-Propanediol monomethyl ether acetate
PGN (CHRIS Code)
SU 8 DEVELOPER
1-Metoksy-2-propylacetat
1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetate
1-methoxy-2-acetoxy propane
SCHEMBL15667
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetat
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetate
DTXCID106796
CHEMBL3182130
2-Propyl, 1-methoxy-, acetate
HSDB 8443
LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-
NSC2207
propyleneglycol methyl ether acetate
Tox21_201436
2-Propanol, 1-metoxi-, 2-acetato
AKOS015837930
Glycol Ether PM Acetate Reagent Grade
METHOXYISOPROPYL ACETATE [INCI]
NCGC00249046-01
NCGC00258987-01
142300-82-1
CAS-108-65-6
FT-0675939
P1171
1,2-Propanediol 1-Monomethyl Ether 2-Acetate
1,2-Propanediol monomethyl ether acetate, 99%
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, 99%
Actate de l'ther monomthylique du propylne glycol
EN300-1725866
J-504836
Q2170375
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, >=99.0% (GC)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.5%
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether 2-acetate 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; (1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetate)
ARCOSOLV PMA
ARCOSOLV PMA, also known as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, with molecular formula of C6H12O3, is a colorless hygroscopic liquid with special smell.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a non pollution solvent with multi-functional groups.
Arcosolv PMA is a clear liquid with limited miscibility with water.

CAS Number: 108-65-6
Molcular Formula: C6H12O3
Molecular Weight: 132.16
EINECS Number: 203-603-9

ARCOSOLV PMA is mainly used as the solvent of ink, paint, ink, textile dye and textile oil agent, and also as the cleaning agent in the production of LCD. Flammable, may form explosive vapor / air mixture above 42 ° C.
ARCOSOLV PMA is an advanced solvent.
ARCOSOLV PMAs molecule has both ether bond and carbonyl.

ARCOSOLV PMA, Carbonyl forms the structure of ester and contains alkyl at the same time.
In the same molecule, there are both non-polar and polar parts.
The functional groups of these two parts not only restrict and repel each other, but also play their inherent roles.

ARCOSOLV PMA has a certain solubility for non-polar substances and polar substances.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a material contains polar groups and non polar group , has good ability of dissolving and coupling, commonly used in solvent based coatings and screen printing ink.
Using ARCOSOLV PMA and acetic acid as raw material, under the catalysis of solid acid, via esterification reaction to generated crude product and its high purity ARCOSOLV PMA after distillation.

Arcosolv PMA is a moderately volatile solvent with a mild odor and the formula C6H12O3.
Arcosolv PMA is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor similar to ether.
Arcosolv PMA, also known as 1-Methoxy-2-Propanol Acetate, is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor similar to ether with its formula.

ARCOSOLV PMA is a colorless, liquid with low toxicity.
ARCOSOLV PMA has a characteristic ester odor and is soluble in water to the extent of 18% at 20°C. It has excellent solvency for a variety of substances including acrylic, nitrocellulose and urethane coating resins.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a substitute for certain ethylene glycol (E-series) ether acetates, particularly EEA and EMA

ARCOSOLV PMA (also known as PMA, 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether-1,2-acetate) is a clear liquid that has limited miscibility with water.
It is a medium volatility solvent with a mild odour and has the formula C6H12O3.
ARCOSOLV PMA is primarily used as a solvent due to its excellent solvency power for a wide range of substances.

ARCOSOLV PMA has the ability to dissolve various resins, coatings, inks, dyes, oils, and other organic compounds.
Its solvency makes it valuable in many applications.
ARCOSOLV PMA is commonly used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, and varnishes.

ARCOSOLV PMA helps dissolve the resin components, pigments, and additives, allowing for proper application, film formation, and desired coating properties.
ARCOSOLV PMA finds application in the production of printing inks, including flexographic, gravure, and screen printing inks.
ARCOSOLV PMA serves as a solvent to dissolve the ink components, ensuring proper ink flow, color development, and print quality.

ARCOSOLV PMA is utilized in the formulation of cleaning products, such as industrial cleaners, degreasers, and specialty cleaning agents.
ARCOSOLV PMA aids in the removal of oils, greases, and contaminants from various surfaces and equipment.

ARCOSOLV PMA is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
ARCOSOLV PMA helps dissolve the adhesive components, improving workability and enhancing adhesion properties for reliable bonding.
ARCOSOLV PMA can also serve as a reactant or reaction medium in certain chemical processes.

ARCOSOLV PMAs unique properties make it suitable for various reactions and transformations in industries such as pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and polymer synthesis.
ARCOSOLV PMA may have applications in fields such as coatings for wood and metals, automotive products, electronic cleaning solutions, agricultural chemicals, and more.
ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency, low volatility, and compatibility with various substances make it versatile for different formulations and processes.

Melting point: -87 °C
Boiling point: 145-146 °C(lit.)
Density: 0.970 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure: 3.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.402
Flash point: 110 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility water: soluble198g/L at 20°C
form: Liquid
color:Clear colorless
PH: 4 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Odor: mild fruity odor
Viscosity: 1.23mm2/s
explosive limit: 1.5%(V)
Water Solubility: 19.8 g/L (25 ºC)
BRN: 1751656
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases.
LogP: 1.2 at 20℃

ARCOSOLV PMA is a photoresist solvent.
ARCOSOLV PMAs degradation by microorganisms in different soil types has been investigated.
An oral reference dose (RfD) value of ARCOSOLV PMA has been obtained from inhalation studies.

The solubility of (5-alkylsulfonyloxyimino-5H-thiophen-2-ylidene)-2-methylphenyl-acetonitriles in ARCOSOLV PMA has been analyzed.
ARCOSOLV PMA has the chemical formula C₇H₁₄O₃ and a molecular weight of 146.18 grams per mole.
ARCOSOLV PMA is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor.

ARCOSOLV PMA has a relatively low boiling point of around 138°C (280°F) and a flash point of approximately 38°C (100°F).
The vapor pressure of ARCOSOLV PMA is moderate, and it is soluble in water to some extent.
ARCOSOLV PMA exhibits strong solvency for a variety of organic compounds, including resins, oils, greases, paints, inks, dyes, and adhesives.

ARCOSOLV PMA can dissolve these substances effectively, making it a valuable solvent in various industries.
ARCOSOLV PMA is characterized by its moderate volatility.
ARCOSOLV PMA evaporates relatively slowly compared to some other solvents, allowing for longer drying times in coating applications and reducing the risk of solvent loss during processing.

ARCOSOLV PMA is subject to regulations and guidelines regarding its use, storage, transportation, and disposal.
ARCOSOLV PMA is important to comply with applicable regulations and obtain the necessary permits and approvals when using ARCOSOLV PMA in industrial processes.
When handling ARCOSOLV PMA, it is important to follow appropriate safety measures.

ARCOSOLV PMA is advisable to refer to the safety data sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer for detailed information on hazards, safety precautions, and emergency procedures specific to the product.
ARCOSOLV PMA is compatible with a wide range of materials, including various plastics, elastomers, and coatings.
ARCOSOLV PMA is always recommended to conduct compatibility tests before using ARCOSOLV PMA with specific materials to ensure compatibility and avoid any potential issues.

ARCOSOLV PMA has a similar evaporation rate and solubility in acrylic epoxy baking enamel formulation compared to EEA.
Arcosolv PMA, alone and in combination with other solvents, is being evaluated as a replacement for many chlorinated solvents.

Arcosolv PMA is also the solvent of choice for urethane dispersions and an excellent binder for acrylic and styrene.
Arcosolv PMA shows selective affinity for unsaturated hydrocarbons, aromatics and sulfur compounds.

ARCOSOLV PMA has a moderate evaporation rate, which means it evaporates at a moderate pace compared to other solvents.
This characteristic allows for better control over drying times in coating applications, facilitating proper film formation and reducing the risk of solvent-related issues.
ARCOSOLV PMA has a relatively low surface tension, which can contribute to its ability to wet and spread over surfaces.

ARCOSOLV PMA, property makes it useful in coating applications where good surface coverage and adhesion are desired.
ARCOSOLV PMA is stable under normal storage and handling conditions.
ARCOSOLV PMA has a good shelf life and does not undergo significant degradation or decomposition.

ARCOSOLV PMA is important to store ARCOSOLV PMA in appropriate containers, away from heat sources and incompatible materials to maintain its stability.
When using ARCOSOLV PMA, it is important to comply with applicable regulations and guidelines set by regulatory authorities.
These may include occupational safety regulations, environmental regulations, transportation regulations, and labeling requirements.

Adhering to these regulations ensures the safe and responsible use of ARCOSOLV PMA.
ARCOSOLV PMA can be used as a primary solvent or blended with other solvents to achieve specific properties or optimize formulations.
Blending ARCOSOLV PMA with other solvents can help tailor the solvent system to meet the requirements of a particular application.

ARCOSOLV PMA finds applications in various industries, including paints and coatings, printing inks, adhesives, cleaners, textiles, electronics, and chemical synthesis.
ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency power, moderate volatility, and compatibility with different materials make it versatile for use in a wide range of formulations and processes.

ARCOSOLV PMA by LyondellBasell is a colorless, coalescing agent.
ARCOSOLV PMA is designed for adhesive products.
ARCOSOLV PMA possesses low toxicity.

ARCOSOLV PMA offers very good solvency for a variety of substances including acrylic, nitrocellulose and urethane.
ARCOSOLV PMA can be used as a substitute for certain ethylene glycol ether acetates (EEA and EMA).
ARCOSOLV PMA has the lowest viscosity of the entire line of DOWANOL glycol ethers (1.1 centipoise at 25oC), and it provides superb viscosity reduction.

The remaining OH group in the glycol ether molecule is capped with an acetate group, which reduces its polarity and reduces the solvent’s viscosity.
The acetate group also eliminates the reactive hydrogen from the OH group found in other ARCOSOLV PMA; thus, ARCOSOLV PMA is an excellent solvent choice for
urethanes and other proton-sensitive systems.

ARCOSOLV PMA is a relatively fast-evaporating glycol ether, and it sets a performance standard in highsolids, solvent-borne systems.
ARCOSOLV PMA provides excellent active solvency for a very wide range of resin types, including acrylics, epoxies, alkyds, polyesters and many other.
ARCOSOLV PMA, is mainly used as reagent for ink, textile dyeing, etc. It is also the detergent for the production of liquid crystal display(LCD).

Besides, ARCOSOLV PMA is a necessary reagent in coating industry to increase the adhesive strength of coatings, which is widely used in the painting for cars, televisions, refrigerators, etc.ARCOSOLV PMA, may cause harm to unborn babies.
Short-term contact would stimulate the eyes and respiratory system.

People would suffer from central nervous system depression.
Long-term or regular contact would cause skin defatted anddesiccatedry.

ARCOSOLV PMA, should be kept in cool and dry place under 30℃.
ARCOSOLV PMA is inflammable, which would produce explosive steam when the temperature is above 42°C, thus, it should be separated from fire and high heat.

Uses
ARCOSOLV PMA acetate is used as a solvent for paints, inks, lacquers, varnishes, cleaners and coatings.
ARCOSOLV PMA is also used as a solvent for degreasing circuit boards and in food contact applications.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used in photoresist formulations in the semiconductor industry.

Arcosolv PMA has been used as a photoresist stripper in the electronics industry for many years.
Arcosolv PMA is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical synthetic procedure because of its wide solvency.
ARCOSOLV PMA is as a solvent as PMA has good solvent power for many resins and dyes.

ARCOSOLV PMA is used in dyes for furniture polish or wood stains, and in dye solutions and pastes for printing.
ARCOSOLV PMA is also used in processes that colour leather and textiles, and in ball-point pen pastes.

ARCOSOLV PMA can also be used as a coalescent in coatings, and is particularly suitable for coatings containing polyisocyanates.
ARCOSOLV PMA can also be used as a binder for core sands in foundries and is also utilised as a cleaning agent in the electronics industry.
ARCOSOLV PMA is widely used as a solvent in the formulation of coatings, paints, and varnishes.

ARCOSOLV PMA helps dissolve and disperse resin binders, pigments, and additives, enabling proper application, film formation, and desired coating properties.
ARCOSOLV PMA finds application in the production of different types of printing inks, including flexographic, gravure, and screen printing inks.
It serves as a solvent to dissolve the ink components, facilitating proper ink flow, color development, and print quality.

ARCOSOLV PMA is used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants.
It helps dissolve the adhesive components and provides proper viscosity, facilitating the application and enhancing the bonding properties of the adhesives.
ARCOSOLV PMA is utilized in the formulation of industrial cleaners, degreasers, and specialty cleaning agents.

ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency power allows it to dissolve and remove various oils, greases, and contaminants from surfaces and equipment.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used in the electronics industry as a solvent for cleaning electronic components and circuit boards.
ARCOSOLV PMA helps remove flux residues, oils, and other contaminants without causing damage to the delicate electronic parts.

ARCOSOLV PMA can be used as a reactant or reaction medium in various chemical processes and synthesis reactions.
ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency properties and compatibility with many organic compounds make it suitable for applications in pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and polymer synthesis.

ARCOSOLV PMA has applications in other industries and processes such as cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, wood coatings, and automotive products.
ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency, low volatility, and compatibility with different materials make it versatile for various specialized formulations.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used in the automotive industry for the formulation of coatings, including automotive paints, primers, clear coats, and specialty coatings.

ARCOSOLV PMA helps dissolve and disperse the resin components, pigments, and additives, allowing for proper application, durability, and desired appearance of automotive finishes.
ARCOSOLV PMA finds application in the wood industry for the formulation of wood coatings, stains, and finishes.
ARCOSOLV PMA aids in the dissolution and dispersion of the coating components, providing good flow, penetration, and adhesion on wood surfaces, enhancing protection and aesthetics.

ARCOSOLV PMA is used in industrial maintenance applications for the removal of paint, varnish, and other coatings from surfaces.
ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency power allows it to effectively strip and clean surfaces, making it valuable in maintenance and refurbishment processes.
ARCOSOLV PMA finds application in the aerospace and defense industries.

ARCOSOLV PMA is used in the formulation of coatings, sealants, and adhesives for aircraft, spacecraft, and military equipment.
It provides the necessary solvency and compatibility required for these specialized applications.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used in the manufacture of fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP).

ARCOSOLV PMA is employed as a solvent for the resin components in the production of FRP products, such as fiberglass panels, pipes, and automotive components.
ARCOSOLV PMA finds use in textile printing processes, such as screen printing and heat transfer printing.
It acts as a solvent for the ink components, aiding in the dispersion and transfer of color onto textile substrates.

ARCOSOLV PMA is utilized in the formulation of industrial and specialty cleaners.
It helps dissolve and remove various contaminants, including oils, greases, adhesives, and residues from surfaces and equipment in industrial and commercial settings.
ARCOSOLV PMA can be used in the formulation of cosmetics and personal care products.

ARCOSOLV PMA functions as a solvent for various ingredients, such as fragrances, oils, and actives, contributing to product stability and desired texture.
ARCOSOLV PMA is commonly used as a general-purpose solvent in various industrial applications.
It can dissolve and remove a wide range of substances, including oils, waxes, resins, and organic compounds.

ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency power makes it suitable for cleaning, degreasing, and surface preparation processes in industries such as manufacturing, metalworking, and automotive.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used as a solvent and carrier in the formulation of insecticides and pesticides.
It helps dissolve the active ingredients and facilitates their dispersion, improving the effectiveness and coverage of the products.

ARCOSOLV PMA is employed in the formulation of herbicides, which are used to control or eliminate unwanted plants or weeds.
It aids in dissolving the herbicide components and enables proper application and targeted delivery.
ARCOSOLV PMA finds application in the formulation of various specialty chemicals, including industrial and institutional cleaning agents, paint strippers, graffiti removers, and rust inhibitors.

ARCOSOLV PMAs solvency and compatibility with different substances allow for the development of effective and specialized chemical products.
ARCOSOLV PMA is used as a solvent and carrier in the fragrance and flavor industry.
It helps dissolve and disperse fragrance and flavor compounds, allowing for their incorporation into various products, such as perfumes, colognes, cosmetics, and food and beverage formulations.

ARCOSOLV PMA is sometimes employed in the modification of resin systems.
ARCOSOLV PMA can be used as a reactive diluent in certain resin formulations to adjust viscosity, improve flow characteristics, or enhance performance properties.

ARCOSOLV PMA can be used as a solvent in laboratory and analytical applications.
ARCOSOLV PMA may find use in sample preparation, chromatography, and other research and testing procedures.

Application
ARCOSOLV PMA is a high-grade industrial solvent with low toxicity and excellent performance.
ARCOSOLV PMA has strong solubility for polar and non-polar substances.

ARCOSOLV PMA is suitable for solvents of various polymers of high-grade coatings and inks, including aminomethyl ester, vinyl, polyester, cellulose acetate, alkyd resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin and nitrocellulose.
ARCOSOLV PMA propionate is the best solvent in coatings and inks.
It is suitable for unsaturated polyester, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc.

ARCOSOLV PMA is flammable and can form flammable vapor-air mixtures. It has a flash point of approximately 38°C (100°F), which means it can ignite easily if exposed to an ignition source such as an open flame, sparks, or heat.

Health Hazards
ARCOSOLV PMA may cause health hazards if it comes into contact with the skin, eyes, or is inhaled or ingested.

Skin Contact: Prolonged or repeated contact with ARCOSOLV PMA may cause skin irritation, redness, and dermatitis.
ARCOSOLV PMA can also remove natural oils from the skin, leading to dryness and cracking.

Eye Contact: Direct contact with ARCOSOLV PMA can cause eye irritation, redness, and discomfort.
ARCOSOLV PMA is important to flush the eyes thoroughly with water if accidental exposure occurs and seek medical attention if irritation persists.

Inhalation: Breathing in the vapors or mists of ARCOSOLV PMA can irritate the respiratory system, leading to coughing, difficulty breathing, and throat or lung irritation.
ARCOSOLV PMA is recommended to use adequate ventilation or respiratory protection in areas with ARCOSOLV PMA vapors.

Ingestion: Swallowing ARCOSOLV PMA can cause irritation of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract.
ARCOSOLV PMA is important to avoid ingestion and seek immediate medical attention if accidental ingestion occurs.

Environmental Impact: ARCOSOLV PMA may have an adverse impact on the environment if released or disposed of improperly.
ARCOSOLV PMA should not be allowed to enter waterways, soil, or drains, as it can be harmful to aquatic life and may contaminate the environment.

Synonyms
1-Methoxy-2-propyl acetate
108-65-6
1-methoxypropan-2-yl acetate
Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
2-Acetoxy-1-methoxypropane
PGMEA
1-Methoxy-2-acetoxypropane
2-Methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, acetate
METHOXYISOPROPYL ACETATE
1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL ACETATE
Propyleneglycol monomethyl ether acetate
NSC 2207
Acetic acid, 2-methoxy-1-methylethyl ester
2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, 2-acetate
EINECS 203-603-9
Dowanol (R) PMA glycol ether acetate
UNII-PA7O2U6S2Q
PROPYLENEGLYCOLMETHYLETHERACETATE
BRN 1751656
PA7O2U6S2Q
2-(1-Methoxy)propyl acetate
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether 2-acetate
AI3-18548
DTXSID1026796
Propylene Glycol 1-Monomethyl Ether 2-Acetate
NSC-2207
propylene glycol monomethylether acetate
EC 203-603-9
Arcosolv PMA
Dowanol PMA
MFCD00038500
2-Propanol, acetate
Ektasolve PM Acetate
1,2-Propanediol monomethyl ether acetate
PGN (CHRIS Code)
SU 8 DEVELOPER
1-Metoksy-2-propylacetat
1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetate
1-methoxy-2-acetoxy propane
SCHEMBL15667
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetat
2-methoxy-1-methylethylacetate
DTXCID106796
CHEMBL3182130
2-Propyl, 1-methoxy-, acetate
HSDB 8443
LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-
NSC2207
propyleneglycol methyl ether acetate
Tox21_201436
2-Propanol, 1-metoxi-, 2-acetato
AKOS015837930
Glycol Ether PM Acetate Reagent Grade
METHOXYISOPROPYL ACETATE [INCI]
NCGC00249046-01
NCGC00258987-01
142300-82-1
CAS-108-65-6
FT-0675939
P1171
1,2-Propanediol 1-Monomethyl Ether 2-Acetate
1,2-Propanediol monomethyl ether acetate, 99%
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, 99%
Actate de l'ther monomthylique du propylne glycol
EN300-1725866
J-504836
Q2170375
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, >=99.0% (GC)
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.5%
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, Vetec(TM) reagent grade
Propylene glycol 1-methyl ether 2-acetate 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; (1-Methoxypropyl-2-acetate)
ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a goodie plant extract that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a plant native to Japan that is now found all over the world.


CAS Number: 84012-13-5
EC Number: 281-658-8
Chem/IUPAC Name: Arctium Lappa Root Extract
INCI Names: ARCTIUM LAPPA ROOT EXTRACT



SYNONYMS:
Arctium lappa; Arctium minus, Burdock Root Extract, Arctium lappa Extract, Burdock Extract, Arctium lappa Root Powder, Greater Burdock Extract, Arctium lappa Root Oil, Burdock Root Oil, Arctium Extract,



Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract, also known as Burdock extract, is often found in skin and hair care formulations for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract helps soothe irritated skin, reduce redness, and promote a balanced complexion.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is well tolerated by all the skin types and is especially beneficial for oily and acne-prone skin due to its natural astringent qualities.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is largely a safe ingredient but can cause minor allergies, mandating a patch test.


In its raw form, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract appears as a light to medium amber colored liquid.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a goodie plant extract that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a plant native to Japan that is now found all over the world.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is eaten as food.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract, leaf, and seed are used as medicine.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains chemicals that might help fight bacteria and swelling.


In traditional Chinese medicine, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract's used to get rid of toxins and as a "blood purifier."
People use Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract for aging skin, stomach problems, joint swelling, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support its use.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract, commonly called greater burdock, gobō (牛蒡/ゴボウ), edible burdock, lappa, beggar's buttons, thorny burr, or happy major is a Eurasian species of plants in the family Asteraceae, cultivated in gardens for its root used as a vegetable.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has become an invasive weed of high-nitrogen soils in North America, Australia, and other regions.
Greater Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a biennial plant, rather tall, reaching as much as 3 metres (10 feet).
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has large, alternating, wavy-edged cordiform leaves that have a long petiole and are pubescent on the underside.


The flowers are purple and grouped in globular capitula, united in clusters.
They appear in mid-summer, from July to September.
The capitula are surrounded by an involucre made out of many bracts, each curving to form a hook, allowing the mature fruits to be carried long distances on the fur of animals.


The fruits are achenes; they are long, compressed, with short pappus hairs.
These are a potential hazard for humans, horses, and dogs.
The minute, sharply-pointed, bristly pappus hairs easily detach from the top of the achenes and are carried by the slightest breeze – attaching to skin, mucous membranes, and eyes where they can cause severe dermal irritation, possible respiratory manifestations, and ophthalmia.


The fleshy taproot can grow up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) deep.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is commonly cultivated in Japan.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract, officially called Arctium lappa, is a biennial herb belonging to the composite family within the Tubuliflorae subfamily and is considered a healthy and nutritious food in China.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is an astringent, as well as anti-bacterial, anti-septic and anti-dandruff active.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract also acts as an anti-itching, cleansing, hair growth and nourishing agent.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract reduces oil and regulates sebum.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a mineral rich stimulating oil extracted from the root and above ground plant.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a specially formulated natural product designed to harness the numerous health benefits of the burdock plant, specifically its root.


With a concentration ratio of 10:1, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract provides a potent source of bioactive compounds that have been scientifically studied for their potential positive effects on human health.
Derived from the burdock plant, which has a long history of culinary and medicinal use, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is primarily intended for use in food and food supplements.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract can be added to a variety of food and beverage products to enhance their nutritional value and enrich the overall sensory experience.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has been shown to possess various bioactive components, including polyphenols, flavonoids, and lignans, which can contribute to its potential health benefits.


These compounds have been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which may support immune system functioning and overall wellness.
Furthermore, studies have indicated that Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract may aid in digestion and promote a healthy gastrointestinal tract.


The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has recognized the role of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract in contributing to normal bowel function and supporting optimal digestion.
However, it is important to note that these health claims are only applicable when consumed as part of a balanced diet and in appropriate quantities, as established by EFSA guidelines.


Overall, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a natural and scientifically supported ingredient that can be incorporated into food and food supplements to provide potential health benefits.
With its rich bioactive composition and recognized role in maintaining digestive health, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract offers a promising option for individuals seeking to augment their dietary regimes and support their overall well-being.


All information is correct to the best of our knowledge, some of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract descriptions may be machine generated and Nutraceuticals Group Europe takes no responsibility for any errors or mistakes.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract, commonly known as Burdock, is a versatile and highly regarded herb with a rich history of traditional use for its numerous health benefits.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Also, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has some anti-fungal and seborrhea regulation magic powers that make the ingredient especially useful for greasy and flaky skin and scalp.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract show skin soothing properties and is traditionally used for the care of sensitive and dry scalp.


In addition, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract was used as a medicinal herb in Europe, North America, and Asia for centuries.
Almost all parts of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract - roots, seeds, and leaves have been used in oriental medicine.
As active materials, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract root includes carbohydrates inulin, mucilages, polyphenols (chlorogenic and caffeic acids), and phytosterols.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract also contains an essential oil comprising polyacetylenic compounds, hydrocarbons, and Arctic acid.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract also presents a bitter matter called lapaline.
Active ingredients in the roots detoxify dermal cells and increase blood flow to the skin surface, improving the texture and curing conditions like irritation or eczema.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract also contains antioxidants protecting cell membranes from oxidative stress.
For example, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract extract helps remedy skin problems such as acne, dermatitis, and psoriasis.
It is valued for cleansing, antiseborrheic, and sebaceous gland regulatory functional properties in skin care applications and is also known for Arctium

Lappa (burdock) Root Extract's ability to relieve bruises and inflammation.
In addition, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is used for dry, itchy scalp and improves the luster, body, and strength of the hair shaft.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is quite smoothing to the skin as well as promotes hair growth.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is used in shampoo, conditioner and skin care.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of Arctium Lappa in Propylene Glycol.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is commonly used in herbal steams and poultices.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is helpful for treating blemishes and reducing scaly skin.
Extracts of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract are found in a variety of herbal preparations, as well as homeopathic remedies.
In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is often used with other herbs for sore throat and colds.


In Japan and some parts of Europe, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is eaten as a vegetable.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains inulin, a natural dietary fiber, and is also used to improve digestion.
As a root vegetable, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract possesses considerably stronger antioxidant activity than common vegetables and fruits.


In fact, recent studies confirm that Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has prebiotic properties that could improve health.
Despite the fact that Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has been used for centuries to treat a variety of conditions, few scientific studies have examined its effects.


Preliminary studies suggest topical application of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract leaves may help treat burns.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is used as a blood purifier to clear the bloodstream of toxins and as a topical remedy for skin problems such as eczema, acne, and psoriasis.


The anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract can help skin issues when it’s applied to the skin.
Especially, luteolin and quercetin rhamnoside which has anti-oxidant effect exists in burdock root.


Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a premium herbal preparation derived from the roots of the Burdock plant (Arctium lappa).
Revered for its natural health-enhancing properties, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has been used for centuries in traditional herbal medicine systems worldwide.


-Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has been used for centuries to treat a variety of ailments.
Traditionally, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has been used as a:
"Blood purifier" to clear the bloodstream of toxins

Diuretic to help eliminate excess water by increasing urine output
Topical remedy for skin problems such as eczema, acne, and psoriasis
Medicinal uses of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract have also been reported, in treating chronic diseases, such as cancers, diabetes, and AIDS.



CLAIMS OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
*Anti-dandruff Agents
*Nourishing Agents
*Astringents
*Hair Growth Promoters / Anti-hair Loss Agents
*Anti-inflammatories
*Smoothing Agents
*Antimicrobials
*nourishing
*bio-based
*smoothness



FUNCTIONS OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
*Detoxification
*Microcirculation enhancer
*Skin conditioning
*Antioxidant
*Anti-Seborrheic
*Sebum regulator
*Anti-acne
*Soothing
*Hair conditioning



CULINARY OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
The roots are edible and cooked.
Greater Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is known as niúbàng (牛蒡) in Chinese, which was borrowed into Japanese as gobō and Korean as ueong (우엉), and is widely eaten in Japan, Korea and Taiwan.

Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract was used in Europe during the Middle Ages as a vegetable, but now it is rarely used except in Italy and Portugal, where it is known as bardana or "garduna".
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is also known under the same names and eaten in Brazil.

Plants are cultivated for their slender roots, which can grow about 1 m long and 2 centimetres (3⁄4 in) across.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract was traditionally used in Britain as a flavouring in the herbal drink dandelion and burdock, which is still commercially produced.

Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is very crisp and has a sweet, mild, and pungent flavor with a little muddy harshness that can be reduced by soaking julienned/shredded roots in water for five to ten minutes.
The harshness shows excellent harmonization with pork in miso soup (tonjiru) and takikomi gohan (a Japanese-style pilaf).

A popular Japanese dish is kinpira gobō, julienned or shredded burdock root and carrot, braised with soy sauce, sugar, mirin and/or sake, and sesame oil.
Another is burdock makizushi, rolled sushi filled with pickled burdock root; the burdock root is often artificially colored orange to resemble a carrot.
Burdock root can also be found as a fried snack food similar in taste and texture to potato chips and is occasionally used as an ingredient in tempura dishes.

Fermentation of the root by Aspergillus oryzae is also used for making miso and rice wine in Japanese cuisine.
The tender leaf stalks can be peeled and eaten raw or cooked.
Immature flower stalks may also be harvested in late spring, before flowers appear.

The taste resembles that of artichoke, a burdock relative.
In the second half of the 20th century, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract achieved international recognition for its culinary use due to the increasing popularity of the macrobiotic diet, which advocates its consumption.

Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains a fair amount of dietary fiber (GDF, 6 g per 100 g), calcium, potassium, amino acids, and is low calorie.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains polyphenols that causes darkened surface and muddy harshness by formation of tannin-iron complexes.
Those polyphenols are caffeoylquinic acid derivatives



TRADITIONAL MEDICINE OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Dried Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is used in traditional medicine.
The seeds of greater burdock are employed in traditional Chinese medicine under the name niubangzi (Chinese: 牛蒡子; pinyin: niúpángzi; some dictionaries list the Chinese as just 牛蒡 niúbàng).



KEY FEATURES OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
*Premium Quality:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is made from carefully selected, high-quality Burdock root, ensuring that you receive the full spectrum of its beneficial compounds.

*Potent Concentration:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a concentrated form of Arctium lappa, making it easy to incorporate into your daily wellness routine.

*Versatile Use:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is known for its versatility in herbal remedies.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract can be used for a wide range of health applications.

*Traditional Wellness:
With a history deeply rooted in traditional herbal medicine, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is cherished for its potential to support various aspects of well-being.



POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
*Digestive Health:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract may aid in promoting healthy digestion and supporting the body's natural detoxification processes.

*Skin Health:
Many individuals have found Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract beneficial for promoting clear, radiant skin and managing skin conditions.

*Anti-Inflammatory:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is known for its potential to reduce inflammation and support joint health.

*Immune Support:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract may help bolster the body's natural defense mechanisms.

*Antioxidant Properties:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract's antioxidants can combat free radicals, promoting overall health and well-being.



CHEMISTRY OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains mucilage, sulfurous acetylene compounds, polyacetylenes and bitter guaianolide-type constituents.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract seeds contain arctigenin, arctiin, and butyrolactone lignans.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract could be confused with rhubarb, the leaves of which are toxic.



DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
This species is native to the temperate regions of the Old World, from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean, and from the British Isles through Russia, and the Middle East to India, China, Taiwan and Japan.
It is naturalized almost everywhere and is usually found in disturbed areas, especially in soil rich in humus and nitrogen, preferring full sunlight.



ECOLOGY OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
The leaves of greater burdock provide food for the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera, such as the thistle ermine (Myelois circumvoluta).



WHAT IS ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT USED FOR?
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a revered ingredient in the personal care industry for its array of benefits.

*Hair care:
In hair care, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract nourishes the scalp, promoting healthier hair growth and reducing dandruff.
Its astringent qualities help balance oil production, making Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract suitable for both dry and oily scalp conditions.
Additionally, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract strengthens hair follicles, reducing breakage and promoting stronger strands

Skin care:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has anti-inflammatory properties that soothes the skin and reduces redness.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract's antioxidant nature also combats free radicals, helping to prevent premature aging and maintain skin health



ORIGIN OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is derived from the roots of the burdock plant, scientifically known as Arctium lappa.
The extraction process involves harvesting the roots and subjecting them to methods like maceration or solvent extraction.

Through these processes, the active compounds present in the roots, including antioxidants, polyphenols, and essential oils, are extracted.
The resulting extract is then refined and purified for use in cosmetic formulations.



WHAT DOES ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Antidandruff
*Antioxidant
*Hair conditioning
*Skin conditioning
*Soothing



SAFETY PROFILE OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is generally considered safe for cosmetic use, but individual sensitivities may vary.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is essential to perform a patch test before widespread application, especially for those with sensitive skin.

As with any cosmetic ingredient, using Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract within recommended concentrations and formulations ensures safety.
Additionally, consulting with a dermatologist or skincare professional can provide personalized guidance on Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract's suitability for specific skin types and conditions.



ALTERNATIVES OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
*CALENDULA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT



PLANT DESCRIPTION OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Burdock is native to Europe and Northern Asia, and is now widespread throughout the United States, where it grows as a weed.
In Japan and parts of Europe, it is cultivated as a vegetable.

A member of the daisy family, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is a stout, common weed with burrs that stick to clothing or animal fur.
The plant grows to a height of about 3 to 4 feet.

Arctium Lappa (burdock) has purple flowers that bloom between the months of June and October.
Burdock has wavy, heart-shaped leaves that are green on top and whitish on the bottom.
The deep roots, which are used medicinally, are brownish-green, or nearly black on the outside.



WHAT IS ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT MADE OF?
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract consists primarily of carbohydrates, volatile oils, plant sterols, tannins, and fatty oils.
Researchers are not sure which active ingredients in Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract are responsible for its healing properties.
But the herb may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects.
Recent studies show that Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains phenolic acids, quercetin, and luteolin, which are all powerful antioxidants.



AVAILABLE FORMS OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract products consist of fresh or dried roots.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract supplements can be purchased in different forms, such as:

*Dried root powder
Decoctions (liquid made by boiling down the herb in water)
Tinctures (a solution of the herb in alcohol, or water and alcohol)
*Fluid extracts



HOW TO TAKE ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
*Pediatric
There are no known scientific reports on the pediatric use of burdock, so you should only give burdock to children under the supervision of a doctor.

*Adult
Speak with your doctor regarding dosing.
Topical preparations of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract are also used for skin problems (such as eczema) and wounds.



HEALTH BENEFITS OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is often eaten, yet, can also be dried and steeped into tea.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract works well as a source of inulin, a prebiotic fiber that aids digestion and improves gut health.

Additionally, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains flavonoids (plant nutrients), phytochemicals, and antioxidants that are known to have health benefits.
In addition, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract can provide other benefits like:


*Reduce Chronic Inflammation
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains a number of antioxidants, such as quercetin, phenolic acids, and luteolin, which can help protect your cells from free radicals.

These antioxidants help reduce inflammation throughout the body.
One study found that Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract helped improve inflammation and oxidative stress markers in 36 participants with knee osteoarthritis.
Yet, more research on the potential anti-inflammatory properties of burdock root is needed.


*Slow or Prevent Some Cancers
The flavonoids and polyphenols in Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract may help slow tumor development as well as reduce pain experienced from some cancers, such as breast tumors.

A laboratory study in 2011 found that the free radicals in burdock root helped stop some cancers from spreading.
However, additional research is needed, as there is insufficient evidence for the use of Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract as a cancer treatment.


*Help with Skin Conditions
Burdock root’s anti-inflammatory and antibacterial components may help different skin conditions, like wrinkles, eczema, acne, and psoriasis when applied topically.
A small observational study found Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract may help with inflammatory types of acne.



HEALTH BENEFITS OF ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract has been used as food and medicine for centuries in various ways, including as a diuretic to aid digestion.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract comes from the plant burdock (arctium lappa) that is related to daisies and sunflowers.
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract is native to North Asia and Europe but is grown in other parts of the world, including North America.

The roots of the burdock plant are believed to be the most beneficial part of the plant.
While scientific research is limited at this time, Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract contains a variety of nutrients such as antioxidants and inulin that are known to help with conditions like skin disorders, inflammation, digestion, and more.



HOW TO USE ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
Arctium Lappa (burdock) Root Extract can be added to water, juice, or your favorite beverage.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
CAS Number: 84012-13-5
Chem/IUPAC Name: Arctium Lappa Root Extract
EINECS/ELINCS No: 281-658-8
COSING REF No: 54571
Solubility: Soluble in water
Viscosity: Low



FIRST AID MEASURES of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ARCTIUM LAPPA (BURDOCK) ROOT EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


Arctium majus
arctium majus root extract; burdock root extract (arctium majus); lappa major root extract; extract of the roots of the burdock, arctium majus, compositae CAS NO:84649-87-6
Arcylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer
Copolymer formed from the ester of 2-methylpropenoic acid and docosanol, ethoxylated, 25 mol EO (average molar ratio) and one or more monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters Aculyn 28 Polymer, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Acrilates/ C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer; Acrylates/ C10-30 Acrylates Crosspolymer , Arcylates/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate CopolymerCAS : 888492-33-9
Ardıç Meyvesi Yağı
JUNIPER BERRY OIL; juniperus communis fruit oil; volatile oil obtained from the berries of the juniper, juniperus communis l., cupressaceae; oil juniper berry; genievre baies oil (juniperus communis) CAS NO:8012-91-7
ARGAN OIL
Argan oil is a plant oil produced from the kernels of the argan tree (Argania spinosa L.), which is indigenous to Morocco and southwestern Algeria.
Argan oil contains a number of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, as well as other compounds like polyphenols, squalene and triterpene alcohol.
Argan oil is a great way to moisturize the skin and protect it from the sun.


CAS Number: 223747-87-3
INCI: Argania Spinosa (Argan) kernel oil
Botanical Name: Argania spinosa
TYPE OF INGREDIENT: Hydrator


Argan oil has a relative density at 20 °C (68 °F) ranging from 0.906 to 0.919.
Argan oil also contains traces of tocopherols (vitamin E), phenols, carotenes, squalene.
Some trace phenols in argan oil include caffeic acid, oleuropein, vanillic acid, tyrosol, catechol, resorcinol, (−)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin.


Depending on the extraction method, argan oil may be more resistant to oxidation than olive oil.
Derived from the nuts of the argan tree, argan oil has been used for centuries in many ways.
Argan oil's popularity partially started in the world of cooking, often used in Moroccan-style recipes as a salad dressing.


Argan oil contains a number of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, as well as other compounds like polyphenols, squalene and triterpene alcohol.
You can recognize argan oil by its golden color and rich consistency.
Argan oil is expressed from the seeds of the argan tree, native to an area in southwestern Morocco.


The long-standing practice involves removing the thick peel and fleshy pulp of the argan fruit and then cracking the nut by hand to obtain the oil-rich kernels inside.
The kernels are then ground and pressed to express pure, unfiltered argan oil, and then decanted and filtered to produce an even clearer oil.


Argan oil is sourced in Morocco and is made from kernels from the argan tree native to this north-African country.
Argan oil is a great way to moisturize the skin and protect it from the sun.
Argan oil comes from the nuts of the argan tree, which is native to Morocco.


Argan oil is available in oil form or as an ingredient in skin and hair care products, such as creams and shampoo.
Argan oil is a natural oil extracted from the kernels of the argan tree (Argania spinosa), which is native to Morocco.
Argan oil is produced by the nuts found on argan trees which are native to Morocco - these nuts contain between 1 and 3 oil-rich argan kernels which is then extracted by cracking and roasting the nuts to produce what we know as argan oil.


Argan oil is light in texture and easily penetrates the skin.
But despite its lightweight consistency, Argan oil is a heavyweight in what it can do for the skin.
Rich in nourishing nutrients, including vitamin E, fatty acids, squalene, and antioxidants, argan oil can protect, soothe and treat a whole host of skin conditions.


Argan oil is a vegetable oil used in cosmetics for its nourishing and antioxidant properties.
Argan oil is naturally rich in vitamin E and fatty acids (omega 6 and 9).
Argan oil eliminates frizz and provides thermal protection for the hair, delivering silky, smooth, and luxurious tresses.


Argan oil’s a rare oil that is high in both oleic (omega 9) and linoleic (omega 6) essential fatty acids, both of which aid acne-prone skin, which studies show is usually deficient in linoleic acid in the sebum.
Depending on its sourcing, argan oil contains about 35–40 percent linoleic acid and 42–48 percent oleic acid.


While linoleic acid will reduce inflammation and acne, and increase skin moisture, oleic acid can improve the skin’s permeability and assist other ingredients penetrate the skin more easily.
Produced from the kernels of the argan tree (Argania spinosa L.), this plant oil is exclusive to Morocco, but historically argan oil use was not.
People throughout the world have taken advantage of the many argan oil benefits to help treat skin infections, bug bites and skin rashes.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ARGAN OIL:
Argan oil can be used processed warm (<60ºC) or cold and is incorporated into the oil phase of a cosmetic formulation.
In skin care Argan oil is intended to be used in emulsions for face or body care, or in oils or serums.
In Morocco, argan oil is used to dip bread in at breakfast or to drizzle on couscous or pasta.


Argan oil is also used for cosmetic purposes.
Argan Oil is derived from the kernels of the argan tree, and can be used in the kitchen (as it typically is in Morocco, where its tree is native to) or for cosmetic reasons.


Argan oil itself can be found in its pure form, and because of its slew of beauty benefits, it can be applied topically to the skin, nails, and hair to hydrate and nourish.
While it can be easy to treat argan oil like a miracle worker (because let's face it, in some cases, it really is), it shouldn't be used as the primary remedy for conditions of serious hair loss—in cases like these, it's best to visit your doctor.


Despite that, Argan oil has plenty of uses to help your hair look healthy, shiny and full of volume.
Argan Oil is ideal to moisturize and soften the skin thanks to its high vitamin E and fatty acid content.
The oily fruit is used by locals in Morocco to nourish and moisturize dry skin and hair – thanks to its high content of antioxidants, fatty acids, and vitamin E.


The end result is an extremely nourishing oil that easily penetrates the skin to boost moisture and activate the creation of natural lipids (aka fats) to protect the skin barrier.
Since argan oil is relatively light, it can be used on most skin types and across the board when it comes to hair textures.


Every day or several times a week, moisturize your body after showering or bathing with just a few drops of Argan Oil.
You can also apply Argan oil on your hair to moisturize it, and on your sunburns to soothe them.
Non-greasy, Argan oilpenetrates quickly into the skin, leaving it soft and supple from the first application.


Natural, Argan oil does not irritate the skin.
People can use argan oil in different ways.
Some may use Argan oilin cooking, whereas others use it for skin and hair care.


Rich in fatty acids and antioxidants, argan oil is used for cooking, as well as for skin conditions and cosmetic products.
Here's what you need to know about argan oil's potential uses, benefits, and precautions.
Supplement use should be individualized and vetted by a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian, pharmacist, or healthcare provider.


No supplement is intended to treat, cure, or prevent disease.
Argan oil is marketed for many different cosmetic and therapeutic purposes.
Argan oil's also a polyunsaturated oil, popular for cooking and considered heart-healthy.


There needs to be more science to support most of argan oil's purported benefits.
However, some evidence exists for its use in skin care, high cholesterol, and knee osteoarthritis.
This extremely hydrating Argan oil can also be utilized in hair color processes and as a restorative treatment.


In hair care applications Argan oil can be formulated clear in aqueous products such as shampoos but can also be used in treatments, hair serums, hair colourants, styling sprays, gels, mousses, creams and leave on conditioners.
Recommended usage level in shampoo is 0.1% and in conditioners 0.5%


Argan oil contains tocopherols and phenols, carotenes, squaline and fatty acids, making it a truly luxurious oil.
Argan oil is often used on the skin, nail and hair, and works well in lotion and cream recipes, or when used alone.
Unlike many commercially-available varieties of argan oil, ours is not deodorized and does have a pungent aroma.


Keeps well when stored Argan oil in a cool place and away from sunlight.
Argan oil comes from the argan tree kernels and can be used for cooking (as it is in Morocco, where the tree is indigenous) or for cosmetic purposes.
Argan oil is available in its purest form, and due to its wealth of esthetic benefits, it can be used topically to hydrate and nourish your skin, nails, and hair.


Today, Argan oil’s used by men and women who are seeking an effective, all-natural moisturizer for skin and hair.
People throughout the world have taken advantage of the many argan oil benefits to help treat skin infections, bug bites and skin rashes.
Today, Argan oil’s used by men and women who are seeking an effective, all-natural moisturizer for skin and hair.


-Culinary uses of Argan oil:
In Morocco, Argan oil is used for culinary purposes, e.g. dipping bread, as salad dressing or on couscous.
Amlu, a thick brown paste with a consistency similar to peanut butter, is used locally as a bread dip.
Argan oil is produced by grinding roasted almonds and argan oil together using stones, and then mixing the paste with honey.


-Cosmetics uses of Argan oil:
Since the early 2000s argan oil has been increasingly used in cosmetics and hair care preparations.
As of 2020, the main cosmetics products containing argan oil are face creams, lip glosses, shampoos, moisturizers, and soaps.



WHAT IS ARGAN OIL USED FOR:
Argan oil’s bonanza of hardworking health benefits make it incredibly versatile.
Argan oil can be used for a whole host of issues and skin conditions.
While Argan oil is widely used, and most commonly known for, maintaining healthy hair and skin, it also has anti-inflammatory and free radical properties among other things that can treat irritated skin.

Here are a few examples of what argan oil for face is used for:
*Make-up remover
*Hair treatment
*Protect skin from sun damage
*As a moisturiser
*Treating cuticles (rub a small amount of oil into your cuticles to keep them from snagging)
*Treating acne
*Anti-aging
*A treatment for stretch marks
*A body lotion
*A skin brightener
*To encourage hair growth (phenols found in argan oil stimulate the scalp)
*Fading dark spots
*Drizzle it on food - its sweet, nutty flavour is perfect on a wide variety of foods
*Treating wounds and burns



MAIN BENEFITS:
Moisturizes, adds shine, protects hair, protects from breakage and increases elasticity.



WHO SHOULD USE IT:
In general, full strength argan oil can be used on thicker or curly hair, while lighter versions can be used on all hair types.



HOW OFTEN CAN YOU USE IT:
Argan oil is safe to use every day.



WORKS WELL WITH:
Other moisturizing oils, like jojoba, castor oil or coconut oil.



DON'T USE WITH:
No known contraindications.
Be aware that argan oil has tree nut oil, so discuss with your doctor before use if you have allergies.



PROPERTIES OF ARGAN OIL:
99% of argan oil consists of triglycerides and related derivatives.
These are derived from the following fatty acids:
Fatty acid Percentage
Oleic 42.8%
Linoleic 36.8%
Palmitic 12.0%
Stearic 6.0%
Linolenic <0.5%



ARGAN OIL PROPERTIES
Argan oil is full of fatty acids, antioxidants and vitamin E which protect you against free radicals and other external factors.
Argan oil also supports the regenerative capacity of the skin.
Argan oil properties include:

*Polyphenols, otherwise known as flavonoids:
powerful antioxidants and help give the oil its unique flavour

*Carotenes:
this is converted by the body into Vitamin A which supports healthy skin, eyes, and boosts your immune system

*Vitamin E:
Argan oil helps maintain healthy skin and eyes, and strengthens the body's immune system

*Omega fatty acids:
Argan oil helps to produce the skin's natural oil barrier so therefore helps to keep skin looking hydrated, plumper, and younger looking



ARGAN OIL FOR FACE
IS ARGAN OIL GOOD FOR FACE?
Argan oil for face has become such a phenomenon in skin care and hair care because it contains so many beneficial qualities, it truly does provide a large array of benefits when used.
There's a reason why it's been dubbed 'nature's liquid gold' and Argan oil's not just due to the colour of it in its purest form.



ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR GROWTH:
Pure organic argan oil may restore damaged hair, prevent oxidative damage, enhance the overall health of hair and scalp, and promote hair growth as it is packed with antioxidants, vitamin E, and vital fatty acids.

Argan oil benefits hair growth due to a compound called Phenols.
Phenols and antioxidants help strengthen hair follicles and encourage the development of new cells.
Vitamins in Argan oil help maintain a healthy scalp and ensure new hair strands are thicker and more nutritious.
In addition, Argan oil promotes keratin synthesis, hence promoting hair growth.



IS ARGAN OIL GOOD FOR HAIR?
Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, argan oil can be calming for people with sensitive or itchy scalps.
Moreover, argan oil has a lower molecular size than other oils, making it simpler to absorb into the hair.
In addition, some use Argan oil as a heat protectant for hair from the heat of styling products because it can survive increased heat.
Here are all the argan oil benefits for hair and why your hair care routine must have it.



ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR BENEFITS:
Scientific research has shown that argan oil has many culinary, medicinal, and cosmetic uses.
Let us focus on why an oil with argan extracts is currently regarded as one of the best hair oils.
Here are 11 reasons why argan oil is good for hair.


1) Moisturiser for your hair
Due to fatty acids, specifically oleic & linoleic acids, argan oil is primarily used as a moisturiser for skin and hair.
In addition, these oils lubricate your hair shaft and aid in retaining moisture in them.
The benefits of argan oil include its light, non-greasy feel.
As a result, Argan oil reaches your hair roots, feeds the hair cuticles, and makes the hair look glossier.


2) Conditions your hair
Another argan oil use is as a hair conditioner.
The fatty layer that vitamin E gives your hair and scalp helps prevent dryness and boost shine.
In addition, Argan oil can penetrate deep into your hair cells to offer deep conditioning for split ends and frizzy hair.


3) Reduces dandruff and flakiness
Another reason argan oil is good for hair is its abundant content of fatty acids and vitamins D and E.
The trio does wonders for your hair by moisturising your scalp and reducing seasonal dryness.
Additionally, Argan oil helps your body get rid of free radicals and reduces inflammation that causes dandruff.


4) Protects your hair from the intense heat
Use argan oil for hair benefits when you use it regularly, as it gives plenty of nutrients and protects your hair from further damage.
As per the study, Argan oils high in linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids offer a protective layer to the hair that enhances combing force and guards against breakage during heat style.


5) Promotes hair growth
Due to high vitamin C, using argan oil for hair growth strengthens new hair follicles.
In addition, Argan oil increases your hair volume and combats the effects of hair thinning.

Thus Argan oil reduces frequent and excessive hair loss.
A study found that the amount of vitamin E in argan oil enhances hair growth.
Phenols present in argan oil help to strengthen your hair follicles.

In addition, Argan oil promotes the growth of new hair cells.
The vitamins in Argan oil ensure that the new hair strands are thicker and healthier.
Additionally, Argan oil promotes keratin synthesis, hence promoting hair growth.


6) Seals split ends and prevent frizz
Using argan oil for frizzy hair prevents hair loss and nourishes hair follicles.
This is also rich in vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids, which hydrate your hair roots and preserve moisture in hair while soothing frizz and split ends.
In addition, argan oil for hair has much smaller molecules than other hair oils, making it simpler for the oil to permeate the hair cuticle more efficiently, making your hair less likely to tangle.


7) Gives you shiny hair
Because Argan oil is so rich in essential fatty acids, regularly nourishing your hair with an argan oil-based hair mask can give your hair strands a beautiful lustre.
In addition, hair can be strengthened, fortified, and improved in elasticity thanks to argan oil benefits for hair.


8) Keeps scalp infections at bay
Using argan oil for hair is beneficial as it possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities.
In addition, this can help to prevent skin disorders that can impact the scalp and result in hair loss, like seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis.


9) Protects from sunlight
Moroccan ladies have used argan oil to shield their skin from sun damage for ages.
As per a study, argan oil benefits hair due to antioxidant properties that ward off sun-induced free radical damage to the skin.
This benefit also applies to the hair, protecting it from UV light damage such as dryness.


10) Get black hair
Massage with pure argan oil is energising and incredibly rich in vitamin E, both of which help to replenish hair melanin and grow darker hair.
Argan oil contains antioxidants and vitamin E, which can repair all hair damage.
You can prevent grey hair by applying argan oil.
Argan oil also serves as a natural hair dye when coupled with herbal powders like Amla, Reetha, and Ashwagandha.


11) Promotes hair elasticity
This oil can increase the hydration and suppleness of hair and shield strands from harm that can result in split ends and breakage.
Thus, argan oil is one of the best solutions to increase hair elasticity.

Argan oil for frizzy hair:
Your hair are generally the first thing to take in all the extra moisture in the air when it is humid.
As a result, the hair swells as the water penetrates beneath your cuticle, giving each strand an untamed, frizzy appearance.

Most frizz-fighting solutions contain silicones, which may grow up on your hair and cause it to become heavy or dry.
However, argan oil's hydrophobic, or water-repelling, qualities are just one of its many great qualities.
Thus, a small amount of argan oil can manage frizz by acting as a barrier to keep out extra moisture.
Therefore, using argan oil for frizzy hair helps you get soft, shiny, smooth and non-frizzy hair.



HOW TO CHOOSE ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR CARE REGIMEN?
When looking for the best argan oil for your hair, you should do thoughtful research and consider those factors.
Here is what you should remember when choosing the best argan oil for hair.

*Check for its ingredients: While looking for the best argan oil for hair, offline or online, pay close attention to its ingredients.
Choose an oil containing pure argan seeds and other essential oils, such as castor and avocado oils.

*Look for natural and non-toxic ingredients: Ensure that argan oil solely contains natural substances and is free from dangerous toxic compounds.
*Go for cold-pressed argan oil: Another essential aspect is that cold-pressed argan seeds give the highest quality argan oil.
So buy argan oil produced using the cold-pressing method in a controlled setting.



HAIR TYPE CONSIDERATIONS OF ARGAN OIL:
When it comes to using argan oil for hair, it suits most hair types.
However, depending on your hair concerns, you might need to apply it differently or use a different type of argan oil.
On thick, curly, or considerably coloured hair, use full-strength argan oil.

If you do not use it carefully, full-strength argan oil might make your hair greasy or thin; if you have fine or oily hair.
If you can't use pure oil, look for products containing argan oil as an alternative.
A blended or lightweight version of argan oil is ideal for most hair types.
Apply the argan oil lightly, keeping it away from your scalp and focusing on your hair's ends for best results.



HOW TO USE ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR GROWTH?
So, now you know what argan oil uses for hair, let's see how to get these benefits.
There are distinctive ways to get the most out of argan oil.
Here are the best ones to use argan oil for your hair concerns:

*As hair conditioner and shampoo:
Switch to argan oil-infused conditioner and shampoo instead of your standard products for deep moisture and protection.
In addition, with argan oil shampoos and conditioners devoid of dyes, silicones, parabens, and sulphates, your hair receives nourishment from the argan oil.

*A leave-on conditioner or hair mask:
By using an argan oil-infused hair mask, hair can fully benefit and absorb all the vitamins.
In addition, argan oil can be used as a leave-on conditioner instead of your regular conditioner to lessen hair breakage after combing and styling.

*Hair oil:
Use argan oil like any other hair oil, and then, if you need a little bit of more moisture, protection, or frizz control, apply it to damp or dry hair.

*Scalp treatment:
Argan oil is an excellent way to help gently soothe and moisturise your scalp.
To get rid of dandruff, irritation, or general itching, massage Argan oil into the roots of your hair and scalp.

*Best argan oil for hair:
While you add argan oil to your hair care routine, ensure it is high quality and pure argan oil.
Even though Argan oil may cost a bit more, you get value for your money because a little goes a long way.
Here’re things to look for in the best argan oil for your hair.

Best argan oil for hair is always 100% pure organic and packaged for cosmetic usage with no added ingredients.
Best argan oil for cosmetic purposes should be odourless, whatsoever.
As argan oil used in cooking has a nutty aroma, and lower-quality argan oil may smell strongly of rancidity.

Best argan oil for hair should be sold and kept in a dark-coloured glass bottle to preserve its benefits.
There are no guidelines to follow for the proper use of argan oil.
Most manufacturers advise dabbing a few drops onto the skin or massaging Argan oil into the scalp when applied topically before combing through hair.



ARGAN OIL SKIN BENEFITS:
woman smiling using argan oil
1. Boosts elasticity

2. Hydrates skin to prevent dry and flaky skin

3. Prevents and reduces stretch marks: the skin regeneration and repair qualities of argan oil help to reduce inflammation, increase skin's elasticity and minimise the appearance and texture of stretch marks.

4. Prevents & minimises sun spots: argan oil contains a physical filter against UV light which therefore helps to prevent sun damage, and its skin repair qualities, including vitamin E help to fade sun spots resulting in happy, glowing skin (note, it should not be used as a substitute for SPF).

5. Controls oily skin: argan oil’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties can treat oily skin and acne.
Argan oil regulates sebum production so your skin is hydrated and won't begin to overproduce, this is especially useful if you already have oily skin.

6. Reduces breakouts: reducing sebum production helps to prevent clogged pores that Argan oil can lead to breakouts.

7. Helps other products absorb into your skin: argan oil is ultra-hydrating and aids exfoliation meaning there isn't a barrier of skin cells for skin care products to act through and they can easily be absorbed into the skin

8. Prevents wrinkles: due to Argan oil's highly nourishing and sun protective qualities, skin ageing caused by dry skin and sun damage is reduced.
Argan oil’s high vitamin E load helps strengthen the skin’s barrier, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles

9. Protect hair from heat damage: argan oil’s abundance of vitamin E and fatty acids can protect the hair and scalp from damage from styling tools such as straighteners and hair dryers.
Rub a small amount into wet or dry hair before use.



IS ARGAN OIL GOOD FOR FACE?
ARGAN OIL FOR ACNE
An amazing argan oil skin benefit is that it’s very beneficial if you suffer with acne as it helps to reduce acne scarring.
Argan oil does this by promoting natural skin regeneration, hydration, and elasticity.

When you buy store bought acne remedies, they often contain ingredients that strip the skin of Argan oil's natural oils causing dry skin to take its place and then sebum production increases tenfold to supplement the lost oils.
This then leads to clogged pores, and further breakouts and scarring.

This is where argan oil for acne comes into play.
Argan oil soothes and reduces inflammation that comes along with acne breakouts, which helps to control sebum production and reduce further clogged pores, as well as promoting self-exfoliation - allowing your pores to breathe.

In terms of helping to reduce existing acne scarring, the Vitamin E Argan oil contains promotes natural skin repair and antioxidants that work to repair and heal damaged skin.



WONDERING WHY MOROCCAN ARGAN OIL IS SO BENEFICIAL FOR YOUR HAIR AND SKIN?
Simply look at its compounds — Argan oil contains:
*vitamin A
*vitamin E
*antioxidants
*omega-6 fatty acids
*linoleic acid

Research displays that when applied to skin, argan oil benefits include easing inflammation while moisturizing the skin.
When applied externally, trocopherol from the vitamin E helps to boost cell production while promoting healthy skin and hair.
This is exactly why cosmetic companies are including Argan oil in their high-end anti-aging, hair and skin care products.



PRODUCTION OF ARGAN OIL:
After the first sales in the US of the cosmetic product in 2003, demand soared and production increased.
In 2012 the Moroccan government planned for increased production, then around 2,500 tonnes, to 4,000 tonnes by 2020.

It was found that stocks of argan oil were being diluted with oils such as sunflower, as the extraction process for pure argan oil can be difficult, and is costly.
In 2012, the Moroccan government started to randomly pull argan shipments and test for purity before exporting.

By 2020, production had greatly increased, especially after studies had suggested health benefits.
Almost all of the oil is sourced in Morocco, and is forecast to reach 19,623 US tons (17,802 tonnes) in 2022, up from 4,836 (4387 tonnes) in 2014; in value terms, US$1.79 billion (£1.4 billion).

The area of producing the oil is expanding: in 2020 it had started near the city of Agadir, 175 kilometres (109 mi) south of the traditional argan-producing area of Essaouira, and is due to expand north.

40 kilograms (88 lb) of dried argan fruit produces only one litre of oil.
Mechanically extracted oil production has started, with the industrial scale driving down prices, impacting the small co-operatives, where work is mostly done by Berber women in the traditional, labour-intensive way.

Mechanically produced oil can cost as little as US$22 a litre, less than half the cost of oil made by the cooperatives.
This can have a great social impact.
However, the huge cosmetics company L'Oréal has pledged to source all of its argan oil from the small co-operatives that sign up to the principles of fair trade.



EXTRACTION OF ARGAN OIL:
The argan nut contains one to three oil-rich argan kernels.
Extraction yields from 30% to 50% of the oil in the kernels, depending on the method.
It takes about 40 kilograms (88 lb) of dried argan fruit to produce only one litre of oil.

Extraction is key to the production process.
To extract the kernels, workers first dry argan fruit in the open air and then remove the fleshy pulp.
Some producers remove the flesh mechanically without drying the fruit.

Moroccans usually use the flesh as animal feed.
A tradition in some areas of Morocco allows goats to climb argan trees to feed freely on the fruits.
The kernels are then later retrieved from the goat droppings, considerably reducing the labour involved in extraction at the expense of some potential gustatory aversion.

In modern practice, the peels are removed by hand.
Workers gently roast kernels they will use to make culinary argan oil.
After the argan kernels cool, workers grind and press them.

The brown-coloured mash expels pure, unfiltered argan oil.
Finally, they decant unfiltered argan oil into vessels.
The remaining press cake is protein-rich and frequently used as cattle feed.



ENVIRONMENTAL, ARGAN OIL:
The argan tree provides food, shelter and protection from desertification.
The trees' deep roots help prevent desert encroachment.
The canopy of argan trees also provides shade for other agricultural products, and the leaves and fruit provide feed for animals.

The argan tree also helps landscape stability, helping to prevent soil erosion, providing shade for pasture grasses, and helping to replenish aquifers.
Producing argan oil has helped to protect argan trees from being cut down.
In addition, regeneration of the Arganeraie has also been carried out: in 2009 an operation to plant 4,300 argan plants was launched in Meskala in the province of Essaouira.

The Réseau des Associations de la Réserve de Biosphère Arganeraie (Network of Associations of the Argan Biosphere Reserve, RARBA) was founded in 2002 with the aim of ensuring sustainable development in the Arganeraie.
RARBA has been involved with several major projects, including the Moroccan national antidesertification programme (Programme National de Lutte contre la desertification, PAN/LCD).

The project involved local populations and helped with improvements to basic infrastructure, management of natural resources, revenue-generating activities (including argan oil production), capacity reinforcement, and others.



SOCIAL, ARGAN OIL:
The production of argan oil has always had a socioeconomic function. At present, its production supports about 2.2 million people in the main argan oil–producing region, the Arganeraie.
Much of the argan oil produced today is made by a number of women's co-operatives.

Co-sponsored by the Social Development Agency with the support of the European Union, the UCFA (Union des Cooperatives des Femmes de l’Arganeraie) is the largest union of argan oil co-operatives in Morocco.
It comprises 22 co-operatives that are found in other parts of the region.

As of 2020, there were around 300 small firms, mostly co-operatives, in the area about 25 kilometres (16 mi) inland from Essaouira, on the Atlantic coast.
The women who harvest the seeds are mostly of the Berber ethnic group, with traditional skills dating from generations ago.
Employment in the co-operatives provides women with an income, which many have used to fund education for themselves or their children.

It has also provided them with a degree of autonomy in a traditionally male-dominated society and has helped many become more aware of their rights.
The success of the argan co-operatives has also encouraged other producers of agricultural products to adopt the co-operative model.

The establishment of the co-operatives has been aided by support from within Morocco, notably the Foundation Mohamed VI pour la Recherche et la Sauvegarde de l’Arganier (Mohammed VI Foundation for Research and Protection of the Argan Tree), and from international organisations, including Canada's International Development Research Centre and the European Commission.



ARGAN OIL BENEFITS FOR HEALTHY SKIN AND HAIR:
Argan oil comes from argan trees that are native to Morocco.
Argan oil can benefit the skin and hair in several ways, such as hydrating and cleansing.

-Argan oil benefits for skin:
Some of the benefits of argan oil for the skin include:
*Hydration:
Argan oil may improve skin hydration by restoring the skin’s barrier function and retaining moisture.

*Elasticity:
Research suggests that argan oil can improve skin elasticity, which may help reduce the appearance of stretch marks
*Wound healing:
Animal studies have shown that argan oil may help treat second-degree burn wounds.


-Argan oil benefits for hair:
Currently, there is not enough clinical evidence to suggest argan oil has specific benefits for hair.

However, anecdotally people may use argan oil for the following:
*adding lighter moisture that does not weigh hair down
*improving hair elasticity and manageability
*preventing hair breakage
*enhancing hair shine
*minimizing frizz



HOW TO USE ARGAN OIL?
There are several different ways to use argan oil.
People can apply Argan oil directly to their skin or hair.
A person should start with a small amount of Argan oil to ensure they do not weigh down hair or overload the skin.

However, if a person has particularly dry skin on certain body areas, such as their heels and elbows, they may wish to use slightly more Argan oil to rehydrate these areas.
If a person uses skincare or hair care products that contain argan oil, they should follow the manufacturer’s guidelines.



IS ARGAN OIL SAFE TO CONSUME?
Some people use argan oil for cooking, so it is safe to consume.
However, a person should only purchase and use argan oil that companies have made specifically for use in food if they intend to consume it.



ARGAN OIL DRY SKIN CARE:
Argan oil is extremely moisturising and so particularly suitable for dry skin.
You can use Argan oil on your face, but also on your hands and cuticles, for example.
Argan oil absorbs deeply into the skin without leaving a greasy film.

Argan oil’s omega fatty acids, vitamin E, and linoleic acids, all of which work to hydrate your skin and soften dry patches.
Either use it daily on your face, or rub an argan oil, or an argan oil-based cream, into dry areas such as your elbows or around the eyes.



ARGAN OIL FOR FACE APPLICATION
HOW TO USE ARGAN OIL FOR FACE: 5 EASY STEPS
Wash your face with cold water using a gentle face wash to make sure your face is clean before applying anything else to it.
Pat your face dry (don't rub as this can irritate your skin) and leave your skin slightly damp, but not wet.

Apply 2-3 drops of argan oil to your face and gently massage in using circular motions ensuring that you're spreading it evening around your face.
Leave to absorb into your skin for 5 minutes (the longer you can leave it the better)
Repeat this process once a day and watch your skin flourish

Argan Oil: Health Benefits, Nutrition, and Uses
Argan oil is best known as an additive to hair and skin products, but its uses go beyond cosmetic.
Argan oil has a sweet, nutty flavor that’s perfect for a wide variety of foods.
Argan Oil’s also known as one of the rarest culinary oils in the world.

Argan oil comes from the argan tree, which is native to Morocco.
The fruit is peeled away and the seeds are dried, roasted, and pressed to extract the oil.
The final result is a smooth, delicious oil that’s become popular around the world for its flavor and health benefits.



HEALTH BENEFITS OF ARGAN OIL:
The fats and antioxidants in argan oil can help your body stay healthier.
The high concentration of vitamin E in argan oil makes it effective at boosting the immune system.
Argan oil also helps your body maintain and repair your eyes and skin.

Other health benefits of argan oil include:
*Cholesterol Control:
The fatty acids in argan oil can help boost your levels of “good” cholesterol and lower “bad”cholesterol, potentially reducing your risk of heart disease.

*Cancer-Fighting Properties:
Some early studies show that argan oil compounds may slow cancer growth and increase cancer cell death.

*Anti-Aging:
Applying argan oil to your skin can help support skin health and elasticity.
This results in skin that is slower to sag or wrinkle, preventing common signs of aging.

*Wound Healing:
The same properties that make argan oil helpful for keeping skin looking young may also help wounds heal.
The antioxidants found in argan oil can help reduce inflammation.
One early study showed that burns heal faster when argan oil is regularly applied, but human trials still need to be done before argan oil can be officially prescribed.



WHERE DOES ARGAN OIL COME FROM?
Argan oil is obtained by pressing the kernels of the fruit of the argan tree.
The argan tree is a tree in the Sapotaceae family, mainly grown in Morocco.
It is a very tough tree thanks to its roots that draw water from more than 30 metres underground.

Its oval-shaped fruit, as big as a walnut, contains in its pulp a very hard-shelled stone containing two to three seeds called almonds.
The fruit is harvested and the oil produced in a traditional way.
The cores are crushed by hand to extract the kernels without damaging them.

These are crushed in a traditional mill and then cold-pressed.
10 hours of work and 30 kg of fruit produce 1 litre of tradtionally crafted oil.
The argan oil we use comes from a network of cooperatives in the Targanine economic interest group in Morocco.

In 2014, the six cooperatives in this network obtained certifications including Ecocert Organic, Fair for Life or Protected Geographical Indication (PGI).
Argan is grown in the southwest of Morocco and is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E and has a high antioxidant capabilities which work to deeply moisturize the skin and soften dry patches.

Argan oil is a natural oil for use in cosmetic products.
Argan oil can be used processed warm (<60ºC) or cold and is incorporated into the oil phase of a cosmetic formulation.
In skin care Argan oil is intended to be used in emulsions for face or body care, or in oils or serums.
Recommended usage rate is 1-3%.



12 BENEFITS AND USES OF ARGAN OIL:
Argan oil can both be consumed and applied to the skin, hair, or nails.
Argan oil may support heart health and reduce signs of aging.
Here are 12 ways to use and benefit from this versatile oil.

Argan oil has been a culinary staple in Morocco for centuries — not only because of its subtle, nutty flavor but also its wide array of potential health benefits.
This naturally occurring plant oil, Argan oil, is derived from the kernels of the fruit of the argan tree.
Although native to Morocco, argan oil is now used across the globe for a variety of culinary, cosmetic and medicinal applications.


1. Contains Essential Nutrients
Argan oil is primarily comprised of fatty acids and a variety of phenolic compounds.
The majority of the fat content of argan oil comes from oleic and linoleic acid.

Approximately 29–36% of the fatty acid content of argan oil comes from linoleic acid, or omega-6, making it a good source of this essential nutrient.
Oleic acid, though not essential, makes up 43–49% of the fatty acid composition of argan oil and is also a very healthy fat.
Found in olive oil as well, oleic acid is renowned for its positive impact on heart health.

Additionally, argan oil is a rich source of vitamin E, which is required for healthy skin, hair and eyes.
This vitamin also has powerful antioxidant properties


2. Has Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
The various phenolic compounds in argan oil are likely responsible for most of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities.
Argan oil is rich in vitamin E, or tocopherol, a fat-soluble vitamin that serves as a potent antioxidant to reduce the damaging effects of free radicals.
Other compounds present in argan oil, such as CoQ10, melatonin and plant sterols, also play a role in its antioxidant capacity.

Additionally, some research indicates that argan oil can also be applied directly to your skin to reduce inflammation caused by injuries or infections.
Although these results are encouraging, more research is needed to understand how argan oil can be used medicinally in humans to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress.


3. May Boost Heart Health
Argan oil is a rich source of oleic acid, which is a monounsaturated, omega-9 fat.
Oleic acid is also present in several other foods, including avocado and olive oils, and is often credited with heart-protective effects.

One small human study noted that argan oil was comparable to olive oil in its capacity to reduce heart disease risk through its impact on antioxidant levels in the blood.
In another small human study, a higher intake of argan oil was associated with lower levels of “bad” LDL cholesterol and higher blood levels of antioxidants.

In a study on heart disease risk in 40 healthy people, those who consumed 15 grams of argan oil daily for 30 days experienced a 16% and 20% reduction in “bad” LDL and triglyceride levels, respectively.
Although these results are promising, larger studies are necessary to better understand how argan oil may support heart health in humans.


4. May Have Benefits for Diabetes
Some early animal research indicates argan oil may help prevent diabetes.

These studies largely attributed these benefits to the antioxidant content of the oil.
However, such results do not necessarily imply that the same effects would be seen in humans.
Therefore, human research is needed.


5. May Have Anticancer Effects
Argan oil may slow the growth and reproduction of certain cancer cells.
One test-tube study applied polyphenolic compounds from argan oil to prostate cancer cells.
The extract inhibited cancer cell growth by 50% compared to the control group.

In another test-tube study, a pharmaceutical-grade mixture of argan oil and vitamin E increased the rate of cell death on breast and colon cancer cell samples.
Although this preliminary research is intriguing, more research is needed to determine whether argan oil could be used to treat cancer in humans.


6. May Reduce Signs of Skin Aging
Argan oil has quickly become a popular ingredient for many skin care products.
Some research suggests that dietary intake of argan oil may help slow the aging process by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Argan oil may also support repair and maintenance of healthy skin when applied directly to your skin, thus reducing visual signs of aging.
Some human studies show argan oil — both ingested and administered directly — to be effective for increasing skin elasticity and hydration in postmenopausal women.


7. May Treat Some Skin Conditions
Argan oil has been a popular home remedy for treating inflammatory skin conditions for decades — especially in North Africa, where argan trees originate.
Although there’s limited scientific evidence supporting argan oil’s ability to treat specific skin infections, it is still frequently used for this purpose.
However, current research indicates that argan oil does contain several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, which may be why it seems to treat skin tissue.


8. May Promote Wound Healing
Argan oil may accelerate the wound healing process.
Although this data doesn’t prove anything with certainty, it does indicate a possible role for argan oil in wound healing and tissue repair.


9. May Moisturize Skin and Hair
The oleic and linoleic acids that make up the majority of argan oil’s fat content are vital nutrients for maintaining healthy skin and hair.
Argan oil is often directly administered to skin and hair but may also be effective when ingested.

In one study, both oral and topical applications of argan oil improved the moisture content of the skin in postmenopausal women.
Although there isn’t any research on the specific use of argan oil for hair health, some studies indicate that other plant oils with a comparable nutritional profile may reduce split ends and other types of hair damage


10. Often Used to Treat and Prevent Stretch Marks
Argan oil is frequently used to prevent and reduce stretch marks, although no research has been conducted to prove its efficacy.
In fact, there is no strong evidence that any kind of topical treatment is an effective tool for stretch mark reduction.
However, research does indicate that argan oil may help reduce inflammation and improve the elasticity of skin — which could be why so many people report success in using it for stretch marks


11. Sometimes Used to Treat Acne
Some sources claim argan oil to be an effective treatment for acne, although no rigorous scientific research supports this.
That said, argan oil’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds may support reduced redness and irritation of the skin caused by acne.

Argan oil also may contribute to skin hydration, which is important for acne prevention.
Whether argan oil is effective in treating your acne likely depends on its cause.
If you struggle with dry skin or general irritation, argan oil may provide a solution.
However, if your acne is caused by hormones, argan oil will not likely provide significant relief.


12. Easy to Add to Your Routine
As argan oil has become increasingly popular, it’s easier than ever to add it to your health and beauty routine.
Argan oil is widely available in most major grocery stores, drug stores and online retailers.



ARGAN OIL FOR SKIN:
Argan oil is usually used topically in its pure form — but also frequently included in cosmetic products like lotions and skin creams.
While Argan oil can be applied directly to your skin, it may be best to start with a very small amount to ensure that you won’t have any adverse reactions.



ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR:
You can apply argan oil directly to damp or dry hair to improve moisture, reduce breakage, or reduce frizz.
Argan oil is also sometimes included in shampoos or conditioners.
If Argan oil’s your first time using it, start with a small amount to see how your hair responds.
If you have naturally oily roots, apply argan only to the ends of your hair to avoid greasy-looking hair.



ARGAN OIL FOR COOKING:
If you’re interested in using argan oil with food, look for varieties specifically marketed for cooking, or make sure you’re buying 100% pure argan oil.
Argan oil marketed for cosmetic purposes may be mixed with other ingredients that you shouldn’t ingest.
Traditionally, argan oil is used for dipping bread or drizzling on couscous or vegetables.
Argan oil can also be lightly heated, but it is not appropriate for high-heat dishes as it can easily burn.



SKIN AND HAIR BENEFITS OF ARGAN OIL:
Chances are, you’ve probably seen argan oil while browsing the beauty aisle at the drug store.
And it’s for a good reason, too.
The honey-colored oil, Argan oil, which derives from a plant native to Morocco, seems to do it all — like keeping your skin moisturized and your hair silky smooth.
You may be familiar with what social media influencers have said about Argan oil, but what’s the actual science behind and health benefits of using this so-called “liquid gold”?



BENEFITS OF ARGAN OIL:
While it comes from a tiny kernel, argan oil packs a punch with what it can do for you.
The fatty acids in Argan oil, like linoleic and oleic acids, are very hydrating.
Argan oil also contains vitamin E and antioxidants that can prevent breakage and damage from free radicals.

Here’s how argan oil can be beneficial for your hair and skin:

*Minimizes frizz
Everyone wants silky, smooth hair — minus the greasy residue.
That’s why argan oil has become such a trendy choice for many: It adds a hydrating boost to calm frizz, while staying light on your strands.
Argan oil adds lighter moisture that won’t weigh hair down, while also promoting your hair’s overall health.
Although it won’t make those pesky split-ends go away, a quick run through of argan oil on the tips of your hair can mask the appearance of them.


*Protects against heat and styling damage:
You may depend on your trusty straightener and hair dryer, but Argan oil’s important to have a shield against any intense styling you’re doing.
It turns out, argan oil can be a natural remedy for that.
Argan oils add a protective layer to the hair and help strengthen hair that’s been damaged by too much heat or chemicals.
A 2013 study even found that argan oil improved the quality of hair that was intensely colored or dyed.


*Hydrates your skin:
Especially if you’re prone to dry skin, Argan oil can give it some much-needed moisture, thanks to its vitamin E and fatty acids.
Research shows argan oil protects the skin’s barrier and improves overall texture.
Plus, if you’re struggling with eczema, psoriasis or chronic dry skin, argan oil may be your saving grace.

Argan oil can be used to help dry, sensitive skin for those looking for more natural remedies,.
But it’s important that there’s no added fragrances or preservatives in Argan oil because those can make things like eczema worse.
While it may add a hydration boost to your skin, Argan oil won’t have much effect on things like acne scars or stretch marks.


*May help treat wounds:
Applying argan oil may also benefit any mild scrapes and scratches.
A 2017 review suggests that since argan oil has anti-inflammatory properties, it may help with irritated burns and wounds.


*May help with anti-aging:
Could argan oil be the “Fountain of Youth,” too?
More research needs to be done to know for sure.
But some studies suggest that this oil may have some anti-aging properties by increasing the elasticity of the skin.



BENEFITS OF ARGAN OIL:
Here are argan oil benefits and ways that you can incorporate this all-natural oil into your daily beauty regimen.
1. Nighttime Moisturizer
Argan oil absorbs quickly and does not leave an oily residue.
After cleansing your skin with an all-natural cleanser, pour a single drop into your palm to warm.

Apply Argan oil in a circular motion to your face and neck.
In the winter months, or in dryer climates, you may need a second drop but remember to use sparingly.
Argan oil is gentle and safe to use around your eyes.
Apply one drop of Argan oil to your face, using a tapping motion, from the bridge of your nose to your temple and back again.

Then apply a drop beneath your eyes with the same gentle tapping.
The vitamin A and vitamin E can help to reduce fine wrinkles and keep this delicate area moisturized.
Plus, a 2015 study indicates that argan oil benefits also includes its anti-aging effects.


2. Skin Toner
Skin toning is an important step in your skin care routine and argan oil acts as an all-natural skin toner.
Argan oil works to fight acne, age spots and sun damage — leaving you with a more even skin tone.
To make your own skin toner with argan, follow these instructions:
pour 1 cup of boiling water over a green tea bag and let steep for 7–10 minutes,
remove the tea bag and allow to come to room temperature,
add a drop or two of your favorite essential oil (orange, lemon or tea tree are great) and 2–4 drops of argan oil and seal combination in a jar
use morning and night after cleansing and before moisturizing.


3. Exfoliant
Do-it-yourself exfoliators are not difficult to make and are significantly less expensive than what you can purchase in the store.
To experience the pure argan oil benefits while exfoliating, just do this:
mix 1 tablespoon of brown sugar with a couple of drops of argan in your hand,
rub into your face in a circular motion for two to four minutes
pay special attention to acne-prone areas and areas that are dry
rinse with warm water and pat dry,

Regular exfoliation helps to remove dead skin cells and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, while giving you a younger, fresher complexion.
With the aid of the brown sugar, argan’s nutrients are more readily absorbed into your skin.
Use this exfoliator for more than just your face.
If you have dry elbows or heels (or during an at-home pedicure), mix up a bit more to massage the dry and dead skin away.


4. Acne Remedy
Great news for anyone who is suffering from acne — organic argan oil has been proven to reduce sebum levels in individuals with oily skin.
Women who have never had acne before are finding in that in their 30s and 40s this pesky condition arises, and it is often difficult to treat.
Chemical creams can be expensive and, in the long run, truly do more harm than good.

Argan oil’s essential fatty acids help to reduce inflammation caused by acne (not to mention rashes, infections and bug bites) while helping to soothe damaged skin cells.
If you are using argan oil as your moisturizer, but are still fighting acne, consider adding it to your list of home remedies for acne.
Place a drop in the palm of your hand and lightly dab a bit extra into problem areas.

To fight stubborn or persistent white heads, be sure to make the toner above, using a couple of drops of tea tree oil.
Research suggests that tea tree oil may complement these argan oil benefits beautifully with its rich antioxidant content and inherent antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties.
Together, they can help fight stubborn acne while reducing the inflammation and scarring.



SHOULD I USE ARGAN OIL ON MY SCALP?
You may have heard that argan oil can be beneficial for keeping your scalp moisturized.
While Argan oil is good for your hair it may not be the best choice for your scalp — especially if you have oilier hair.
The reason?
These kinds of oils can promote seborrheic dermatitis (aka, dandruff) if overused.
This happens when there is an overgrowth of the normal yeast of the scalp.



WHAT TO LOOK FOR WHEN BUYING ARGAN OIL:
Next time you’re in your local beauty store, here’s how to know what type of argan oil is best.
Try to get pure argan oil (usually in a dark glass bottle) to get the most benefit out of it.
This is because certain brands of argan oil have excessive amounts of fragrances and chemicals that can be irritating to your skin and hair.

Hearing all the benefits, you may be wondering:
Should I bathe in this stuff or what?
Like with any beauty product — natural or otherwise — try a little bit at first to see how your body reacts.

It’s best to try it on a small area before applying Argan oil to a larger area on the skin or hair.
While there’s no need to buy argan oil by the case, there are definitely plenty of reasons to keep it handy in your skin care cabinet.
Whether you want to calm your frizzy hair or give your skin some moisture, Argan oil can help in more ways than one.



ARGAN OIL HAIR BENEFITS:
*Condition hair:
Since argan oil is so moisturizing, it serves as a great conditioner or mask for your hair.
“Argan oil’s molecules are smaller than other oils, so it’s easier to penetrate the hair cuticles, which will make hair softer and more manageable with less tangles and dryness.

*Soothe an itchy scalp:
“For those who suffer from flakes and dandruff, argan oil provides anti-inflammatory benefits and will not clog pores, which can lead to damaged hair follicles.
To use argan oil as more of a treatment, she suggests taking a few drops and gently massaging into the scalp, stimulating the blood circulation.
Ideally, leave on overnight before rinsing out in the morning.

*Prevent heat damage:
The vitamin E and fatty acids in argan oil actually protect the hair and scalp from heat damage caused by styling tools.
To protect your hair while blow drying, straightening, or curling, applying a couple of drops of plain argan oil to wet or dry hair before and after styling.

*Boost shine:
Unlike other bases for hair oils, like coconut and olive oil, argan oil is easily absorbed into the hair strand, so it doesn’t leave a greasy residue unless you overdo it.
Thanks to the fact that it is rich in fatty acids, Argan oil helps bring shine and luster back into the hair without weighing it down and causing buildup.
To use, apply Argan oil a few drops to wet hair before styling.
On dry hair, apply Argan oil a small amount, focusing on the ends.

*Reduce frizz
Rivera likes to use a few drops of argan oil on wet strands prior to styling to hydrate and prep hair.
If there is still a bit of frizz, take a drop and rub well into your hands, then work into dry hair, starting and focusing at the ends,.
As an added bonus, using a little Argan oil on the ends of your hair may help reduce the appearance of split ends.

*Add sun protection
Argan oil works like a high-quality scalp sunscreen for your hair, neutralizing free radicals (unstable molecules that tend to wreak havoc in your body) enhanced by the natural environment and sun.

The antioxidants found in argan oil are especially beneficial for color-treated hair to prevent loss of pigment and extend the life of your color.
An easy way to introduce using argan oil as a sun protectant it is by adding one to two drops and lightly running your fingers through your hair after styling or just adding it to the ends.

*Encourage hair growth
“Because of the phenols found in argan oil, which are very stimulating to the scalp, it can help to promote new hair growth.
The best way to reap these benefits is in tandem with a hair loss treatment.
She recommends massaging the oil into your scalp for several minutes a day to stimulate blood flow and open the pores.



ARGAN OIL SKIN BENEFITS:
Add moisture
Argan oil provides a major boost of hydration to the skin, thanks to its high quantities of vitamin E.
Vitamin E also helps strengthen the skin’s barrier so Argan oil’s able retain more hydration.
To help seal in hydration, he recommends applying a few drops of 100 percent pure argan oil to your daily moisturizer, an easy step to include in your daily skincare routine.

*Reduce wrinkles
Because it’s so nourishing, argan oil may also help your skin appear more youthful.
When we talk about thinning of the skin as we get older, we lose both collagen (the building blocks of skin) and the elasticity (the skin’s ability to snap back after being stretched), which leads to tissue paper-like wrinkling of the skin.
When used topically, argan oil has been found to improve elasticity of the skin in postmenopausal women.

*Wound Healing
The same properties that make argan oil helpful for keeping skin looking young may also help heal your wounds.
Argan oil is full of antioxidants, which can help reduce inflammation.

*Brighten skin and fade dark spots
If you suffer from hyperpigmentation, or brown spots on the skin caused by hormones, aging, or years of sun exposure, argan oil may help improve and brighten your skin tone.
Argan oil contains tocopherols (vitamin E compounds) that can inhibit the production of excess pigment from melasma or scars.



WHERE DOES ARGAN OIL COME FROM?
Argan trees grow and tenaciously survive in semi-desert areas of the Mediterranean.
The deep roots and small leaves of the argan tree allow it to resist winds and water loss, resulting in a nut with a unique oil profile.
Pure argan oil is a rare and precious oil that is harvested and extracted from the nut of the argan tree.

For centuries, women across the Mediterranean have used argan oil in their beauty regimen for vibrant, healthy-looking skin and hair.
Moroccanoil only sources the highest quality argan oil originating from argan trees grown in their native region.
The argan oil used in all our hair products and skin products is manufactured by a cold-press process.



WHY USE ARGAN OIL?
Thanks to a uniquely high concentration of antioxidants, tocopherols (Vitamin E), and essential fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, argan oil has multiple nourishing benefits for hair and skin.
Our argan oil-infused products make it simple and luxurious to harness these glow-boosting properties and make them part of your daily routine.

Argan oil is considered a relatively international product exported from Morocco, although different companies in Europe and North America distribute argan oil around the globe.
Argan oil is non-refined vegetable oil, of the more well-known “virgin oil” type, is produced from the argan tree [Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels].

The argan tree is deemed to be an important forest species from both social and economic standpoints.
Argan oil has rapidly emerged as an important product able to bring more income to the local population.
In addition, Argan oil also has important environmental implications, owing to its ability to stand against desert progression.

Currently, argan oil is mainly produced by women's cooperatives in Morocco using a semi-industrial mechanical extraction process.
This allows the production of high-quality argan oil.
Depending on the method used to prepare argan kernels, two types of argan oil can be obtained: food or cosmetic grade.

Cosmetic argan oil is prepared from unroasted kernels, whereas food argan oil is achieved by cold pressing kernels roasted for a few minutes.
Previously, the same food argan oil was prepared exclusively by women according to a laborious ancestral process.
Extraction technology has been evolved to obtain high-quality argan oil at a large scale.

The extraction process and several accompanying parameters can influence the quality, stability, and purity of argan oil.
In view of this, the present review discusses different aspects related to argan oil chemical composition along with its nutritional and cosmetic values.
Similarly, it details different processes used to prepare argan oil, as well as its quality control, oxidative stability, and authenticity assessment.



IS ARGAN OIL GOOD FOR HAIR?
Argan oil works its magic on the hair in a number of ways.
Argan oil’s rich in beneficial ingredients, including fatty acids and Vitamin E that make it a great ingredient to use on hair and skin.
Here are some of the argan oil benefits for hair:

1. Helps fight dandruff
A dry scalp can not only cause irritation but may also lead to white flakes in your hair.
Argan oil helps to combat this by gently moisturizing your scalp, so you can say goodbye to dandruff and hello to a happier scalp!

2. Helps fight frizz
If you want to tame frizzy hair, then make argan oil your new best friend!
Applying argan oil to hair helps to bring those pesky stray hairs under control, as well as promoting shine and gloss in your hair.

3. Keeps hair protected from damage
From hot styling tools to everyday pollution, there are so many factors that can damage our hair.
Argan oil is a great way to combat this.
Thanks to its rich antioxidant properties, argan oil helps to neutralize hair damage, as well as providing the moisture it needs to help prevent future damage, splitting, and breakage.

4. Helps to add shine
With its high content of antioxidants, essential fatty acids, and vitamin E, argan oil helps to increase hair's elasticity and consistently restore shine to dull, lifeless hair.

So, whether your goal is to maintain the quality and health of virgin strands or do the most to repair damaged, broken locks, argan oil is a must-have for virtually everyone.
Now you know how it benefits hair, let’s explain how to use argan oil for hair for the best results!



HOW TO USE ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR:
Think your hair could benefit from argan oil?
Well, luckily for you, there are so many ways you can incorporate it into your hair care regime!
Here are the best ways to use argan oil:

1. Shampoo & conditioner
For intense moisture and protection that starts in the shower, switch up your regular products for argan oil-infused shampoo and conditioner.
We recommend our Argan Oil & Lavender range.
The argan oil helps to nourish your hair while the lavender leaves it smelling gorgeous.
If that wasn’t good enough, our shampoos and conditioners are also cruelty-free and free from dyes, silicones, parabens, and sulfates.


2. Hair mask or leave-in conditioner
Using a hair mask or leave-in conditioner infused with argan oil allows your hair time to fully reap the benefits and soak up all of the vitamins.
Why not see how your hair could benefit by trying our Argan Oil & Lavender Leave-In Smoothie Cream, specifically designed to reduce frizz and give you hair that looks and feels amazing.

3. Hair oil
Keep your technique as classic as it gets and use argan oil as a regular hair oil.
Apply to wet or dry hair whenever you’re looking for a little extra moisture, protection, or frizz control.

4. Scalp treatment
As we explained above, argan oil is a great way to help gently soothe and moisturize your scalp.
Simply massage Argan oil into the roots of your hair along your scalp to relieve dandruff, inflammation, or general itchiness.
If you haven’t already given argan oil a spin, consider incorporating it into your routine through one of these easy methods!



BENEFITS OF ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR:
Both Hughes and Fitzsimons agree that much of argan oil's magic stems from its composition: It's rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.
If you're looking to make hair softer and more manageable (aren't we all?), this can be your go-to oil as Argan oil has a slew of benefits, according to experts.

*Hydrates and softens:
Argan oil is an age-old beauty secret that has many uses, namely helping to hydrate and soften the hair.
Increases hair elasticity:
With its high content of antioxidants, essential fatty acids, and vitamin E, the benefits of argan oil naturally help to increase hair's elasticity and consistently restore shine to dull, lifeless hair.

*Prevents breakage:
Fitzsimons agrees with the power of argan oil, adding that the vitamin E it contains is crucial to the health of our hair, as he says its rich antioxidant properties help neutralize hair damage from free radicals and other elements.
Whether we realize it or not, we put our hair through a lot of damage with everyday pollution, chemical treatments, and hot tools.
Vitamin E—which argan oil is high in—helps keep your follicles free from damage all while helping to prevent splitting and breakage.

*Protects hair from mechanical stress:
Blake says that argan oil "helps protect hair from mechanical stress" which means it stays looking healthy.
The composition of argan oil may help to keep your hair healthy, even with hair styling and using the hair dryer and curling iron.
Increases shine:
Argan oil promotes shine, smoothness and definition.
It also helps protect hair from mechanical stress (hair styling) and coloring.



HAIR TYPE CONSIDERATIONS OF ARGAN OIL:
Argan oil can generally be used on most hair types, however you may need to apply it differently or use a different type of argan oil depending on your needs.
Full strength argan oil is ideal on thick, curly or heavily colored hair.

If you have fine hair or hair that tends to get oily, full strength argan oil can weigh your hair down if you don’t apply it sparingly.
You can also look for products with argan oil instead of the pure oil.
A blended or light weight version is ideal on most types of hair
Use a light touch when applying argan oil and focus it on the ends of your hair and away from your scalp.



HOW TO USE ARGAN OIL FOR HAIR:
Depending on what your needs are, there are a number of ways to experience the goodness argan oil provides.
I would recommend Argan oil as a conditioner or as a styling product on the mid lengths and ends of your hair.
Some argan oils are a bit heavy, so look for ones that have been blended to make a perfect combination.


*Use as a nourishing conditioner:
Argan oil is rich in nutrients and vitamins such as vitamins A, C, and E; antioxidants; linoleic acid; and omega-6 fatty acids.
Because of this, Argan oil's a great ingredient for conditioning.
The combination of all these super-nourishing ingredients leaves the hair strands softer, shinier, more manageable, and frizz-free.


*Use as a protective spray:
When working on clients, I have to really make sure that their hair is in peak condition, so I look for ingredients like silk proteins to make sure the hair is as protected as possible while I'm using hot tools.
I like argan oil as an ingredient in heat protection products because it's very nourishing and conditioning for the hair, and it provides great slip that makes styling easier.


*Use as a hydrating hair mask:
An argan oil hair mask is amazing particularly if you have damaged hair.
The vitamin E in the oil helps smooth frayed hair shafts and seal split ends while the omega fatty acids work to strengthen your hair.
Leave it on for 15 to 30 minutes to reap Argan oil's full benefits .


*Use as a shine-inducing hair oil:
High-quality oil-infused, Argan oil, products are essential to maintaining shiny, healthy hair because hair oils are made to penetrate into your strands (as opposed to serums, which usually sit on the surface of the strands).
Use Argan oil if your strands are seriously parched.


*Use as an effective styling product:
Argan oil provides excellent shine to the strands and has major anti-frizz benefits.
For those with textured hair, Argan oil can be used to help define the curls.


*Use as a relieving scalp treatment:
Because argan oil is rich in antioxidants, it's an effective scalp treatment.
Argan oil can help reduce the scalp inflammation that leads to dandruff, itchiness, and other scalp issues.

To note though, Argan oil's important not to leave any kind of oil on the scalp for a prolonged period of time, as the potency might lead to scalp sensitivity and inflammation over time.
20-30 minutes should be plenty of time to absorb the benefits.



SYNONYMS:
Argan nut oil
argania spinosa kernel oil
argania sideroxylon oil
lyciodes candolleanum oil
lyciodes spinosum oil
sideroxylon argan oil




ARGAN OIL AMINOPROPANEDIOL ESTERS
Nom INCI : ARGAN OIL ISOSTEARYL ESTERS, Emollient : Adoucit et assouplit la peau, Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
ARGAN OIL ISOSTEARYL ESTERS
ArganOil;Argan Oil Morocco;Argania spinosa, ext.;Argan oil – Virgin – deodorized – Organic CAS N0:223747-87-3
Argan Oil water soluable
ArganOil;Argan Oil Morocco;Argania spinosa, ext.;Argan oil – Virgin – deodorized – Organic, argan kernel oil, fixed oil expressed from the kernels, argania spinosa (l.), sapotaceae, lipovol argan CAS NO : 223747-87-3
ARGAN YAĞI
BENTONITE, N° CAS : 1302-78-9 - Argile de Bentonite, Origine(s) : Minérale. Autres langues : Arcilla de bentonita, Argilla di bentonite, Bentonit-Ton, Bentonite clay. Nom INCI : BENTONITE N° EINECS/ELINCS : 215-108-5. Additif alimentaire : E558. La bentonite est une argile qui provient en général de cendres volcaniques. Elle est principalement constitué de silice et d'aluminium ainsi que d'autres minéraux, notamment de sodium, magnésium, calcium, oxyde de fer et potassium. L'argile de Bentonite est utilisée en cosmétique comme texturant, agent de remplissage, épaississant et liant de pigments. Agent Absorbant : Absorbe l'eau (ou l'huile) sous forme dissoute ou en fines particules. Agent de foisonnement : Réduit la densité apparente des cosmétiques Stabilisateur d'émulsion : Favorise le processus d'émulsification et améliore la stabilité et la durée de conservation de l'émulsion. Agent de contrôle de la viscosité : Augmente ou diminue la viscosité des cosmétiques
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
ArganOil;Argan Oil Morocco;Argania spinosa, ext.;Argan oil – Virgin – deodorized – Organic, argan kernel oil ,fixed oil expressed from the kernels, argania spinosa (l.), sapotaceae ,lipovol argan CAS Number 223747-87-3
ARGIMEL ED
Argimel ed is a selfactivating and easily dispersible rheological additive, for solvent-borne systems from low to medium polarity that gives a thixotropic effect, sag control, and prevents pigments from long-term storage settling.


CAS Number: 68953-58-2
EC Number: 273-219-4
MDL Number: MFCD00146071
Name: Quaternium-18 bentonite


The nature of Argimel ed is bentonite clay, organically modified with a quaternary alkylammonium compound.
Argimel ed shows good performance in solvents like aliphatic mineral spirits and aromatic solvents.
Low polarity binders like alkyds and terpenes, petroleum derivatives are also compatible with Argimel ed.


Argimel ed is a thickener and conditioning agent.
Argimel ed helps control product viscosity.
Argimel ed is a treated bentonite.


Argimel ed is a selfactivating and easily dispersible rheological additive, for solvent-borne systems from low to medium polarity that gives a thixotropic effect, sag control, and prevents pigments from long-term storage settling.


Argimel ed is a type of bentonite clay that has been modified with a quaternary compound.
This modification enhances the properties of the clay and makes Argimel ed more suitable for use in personal care products such as lotions, creams, and deodorants.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ARGIMEL ED:
Coatings/Paints: Argimel ed is rheology modifiers that provide controllable thixotropy, i.e. thickening, anti-settling, flow, levelling and anti-sagging properties in solvent and solvent-free coating systems.
Suitable grades of Argimel ed are available for low, medium and high polarity coating systems.


Argimel ed is a thickener and conditioning agent.
Argimel ed helps control product viscosity.
Argimel ed is used as Rheological additive.


Argimel ed uses and applications include: Thixotrope, gellant, thickener for solvent-based coatings; gellant in mineral oil lubricants for incidental food contact; viscous control agent, gellant in cosmetics, lip care, eye care, antiperspirant creamslotions
Argimel ed is used in the polymers and paints-lacquers-varnishes industries as a viscosity adjustor.


Argimel ed is used as a rheological additive
Argimel ed is used as hair conditioner and viscosity adjuster.
Argimel ed helps to distribute or suspend an insoluble solid in a liquid.


As hair conditioning ingredient Argimel ed increases the softness and smoothness of hair.
When used in the formulation of lotions and creams, Argimel ed helps to keep the product from separating into its oil and water components.
Argimel ed is a thickener and conditioning agent.
Argimel ed helps control product viscosity.


-Printing Inks uses of Argimel ed:
Argimel ed is used in printing inks to adjust rheological properties, especially in high-speed printing inks.
For example, Argimel ed is commonly used in lithographic inks for newspapers and letterheads.



ARGIMEL ED IS EMPLOYED IN A WIDE RANGE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES:
• Oil based paints (either industrial or architectural)
• Marking paints
• Road marking paints
• Wood paints
• Primers
• Bituminous
• Adhesives
• Cosmetics and personal care products for architectural paints production, anticorrosive paints, road marking paints, primers, bituminous emulsions, and wood paints.



TYPICAL BENEFITS OF ARGIMEL ED INCLUDE:
*Improved flow and consistency
*Improved printing resolutions
*Anti-settling – allowing for homogeneous pigment dispersion and distribution
*Controlled surface levelling and coating thickness
*Adjustable and reproducible thixotropic control at a wide temperature range
*In-can storage stability
*Easy to incorporate grades which do not require activation through additives, heat or shear
*Laviosa’s Laviothix and Laviokoll brands cater for the water-based coatings market.



FUNCTIONS OF ARGIMEL ED IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*VISCOSITY CONTROLLING:
Increases or decreases the viscosity of cosmetic products



ENEFITS OF ARGIMEL ED:
*Stabilizes emulsions:
Argimel ed is often used as an emulsifier in cosmetic formulations to help mix oil-based and water-based ingredients together.
This can lead to more stable and effective skincare products.

*Improves texture:
Argimel ed can help to improve the texture of skincare products, making them feel smoother and silkier on the skin.

*Absorbs excess oil:
Due to their high surface area, Argimel ed can absorb excess oil and sebum from the skin, making them useful ingredients in products for oily or acne-prone skin.

*Thickens and suspends:
Argimel ed can also help to thicken and suspend other ingredients in cosmetic formulations, allowing for better distribution and coverage on the skin.

Overall, Argimel ed is a versatile ingredient that can be found in a wide range of skincare and personal care products.
While Argimel ed does not offer the same detoxifying or exfoliating benefits as natural clays, it can help to improve the texture and performance of cosmetic formulations.



INCORPORATION OF ARGIMEL ED:
Argimel ed belongs to the unconventional type of self-activating organoclays.
Argimel ed does not require either strong mechanical energy to disperse or a chemical (polar) activator to reach the proper level of delamination of the organobentonite platelet stacks.

Argimel ed can be added at any point in the paint manufacturing
process and can be even used in post addition to correct the final viscosity of a certain batch.
Low temperature might be a cause of slow dispersion Argimel ed is added under low shear.
Pregel formation it’s not needed to employ Argimel ed and in order to develop its full rheological properties.

If however a pregel is convenient for production sites that has this step in their daily routine, this won’t show the same high viscosity of a conventional organoclay activated gel.
Argimel ed is not effective as a gellant in a solvent alone, but it provides the same rheological properties when added to the complete system.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ARGIMEL ED:
APPEARANCE: Cream white powder
FINENESS (76mm): 98% min
VOLATILE AT 105°C: 3.5% max
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.7
MOISTURE: 4.0% max
POLARITY: gasoline, benzene, ester, ketone, ether,alcohol mixed solvent
DISPERSION CONDITIONS: require polarity activator, ethanol (95/5) input is 30%-50% of dry powder, high speed disperse
ADDING METHOD: dry powder directly



FIRST AID MEASURES of ARGIMEL ED:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ARGIMEL ED:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ARGIMEL ED:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Water
Foam
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ARGIMEL ED:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Skin protection:
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter type P2
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ARGIMEL ED:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ARGIMEL ED:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Incompatible materials:
No data available



SYNONYMS:
Quaternium-18 bentonite
Bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethylammonium bentonite
Quaternary ammonium compounds,bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl,salts with bentonite
Bentonite,bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl ammonium complex
Bentone 120
Bentone 760
Quaternary ammonium compounds,bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl,bentonite salts
Bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl quaternary ammonium compounds,salts with bentonite
bis(Hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethylammoniumbentonite
bis(hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethyl-quaternaryammoniumcompoundchlor
bis(hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethyl-quaternaryammoniumcompoundsaltwi
bis(hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethyl-quaternaryammoniumcompoundsaltwithbentonite
clayamine#4
clayaminearo
clayamineep
clayamineepa
BENTONE(R) 34
Quaternium-18 bentonite
Alkyl quaternary ammonium bentonite
Ditallow dimethylammonium aluminum silicate
Bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl ammonium bentonite salts
Clayamine #4
Clayamine ARO
Clayamine EP
Clayamine EPA
Dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride reaction product with bentonite
Dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, reaction product with bentonite
Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl-, chlorides
Quaternium-18 bentonite
Tixogel VP
Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl, salts with bentonite
Quaternary ammonium compounds bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl-, salt with bentonite
Di(tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium bentonite
Baragel 2000
Bentone 120
Bentone 34
Bentone 760
Bentone 910
Bentone ER-10
Bentone TPG
Carbo-Vis
Modofied bentonite
Organically modified montmorillonite clay
Claytone II
Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Bentonite
Quaternium-18 bentonite (Related Reference)
bis(Hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethylammoniumbentonite
bis(hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethyl-quaternaryammoniumcompoundchlor
bis(hydrogenatedtallowalkyl)dimethyl-quaternaryammoniumcompoundsaltwi
Bentonit,Dimethyldi(talg, Hydriert) Ammoniumchlorid
Quaternium-18 bentonite
BENTONE
tixogelvp
Bentone 34
clayamine#4
clayamineep
thbentonite
clayaminearo
clayamineepa
BENTONE(R) 34


Argile de Bentonite
ARGININEN° CAS : 74-79-3 / 7200-25-1 - Arginine, Autres langues : Arginin, Arginina, Nom INCI : ARGININE, Nom chimique : L-Arginine, N° EINECS/ELINCS : 200-811-1 / 230-571-3.L'arginine fait partie de ces acides aminés essentiels dont notre corps ne peut se passer, notamment pour la synthèse des protéines. Elle est par exemple utilisée par l'organisme pour synthétiser l'oxyde nitrique ainsi que la créatine. L'arginine est connue pour favoriser la croissance des cheveux. Vous en retrouverez donc dans de nombreux soins freinant la chute de cheveux et augmentant leur résistance. Ses fonctions (INCI): Antistatique : Réduit l'électricité statique en neutralisant la charge électrique sur une surface. Conditionneur capillaire : Laisse les cheveux faciles à coiffer, souples, doux et brillants et / ou confèrent volume, légèreté et brillance. Agent masquant : Réduit ou inhibe l'odeur ou le goût de base du produit. Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
Arginine
Autre langue : Flavour, Nom INCI : AROMA, Agent arômatisant : Donne un arôme au produit cosmétique
ARKOPAL N 090
CAS No. : 9016-45-9
Formula : C17H30D2O2
Molecular Weight. : 270.447

Arkopal N 090 is a nonionic surfactant for the chemical industry.
Arkopal N 090 is a nonylphenolpolyglycolether with 9 Mol EO.
Arkopal N 090 is most suitable for aromatic hydrocarbons.

Composition: Nonylphenolpolyglycolether with 9 Mol EO

Product properties of Arkopal N 090:
Active substance content: about 100 %
Appearance at 20 °C: viscous, slightly yellow liquid
pH value (DIN EN 1262), 1 % in water: about 6 – 8
Solubility at 20 °C in water: clear
Density (DIN 51757) at 50 °C: about 1.0 – 1.1 g/cm³
Viscosity (DIN 53015) at 50 °C: about 65 mPas
Cloud point (EN 1890): about 52 – 54 °C (1 % in water)
Melting point: about 7°C
Flash point (DIN/ISO 2592): > 250 °C
Lime -soap dispersion action (DIN 53903): 3-4 %
Surface tension (DIN 53914) at 20 °C: 30.2 mN/m (1 g/l)

Further Arkopal N grades:
Arkopal N 040
Arkopal N 060
Arkopal N 080
Arkopal N 100
Arkopal N 110
Arkopal N 130
Arkopal N 150
Arkopal N 230
Arkopal N 238
Arkopal N 300
Arkopal N 307
Arkopal N 308
Arkopal N 1000

Structure of Arkopal N 090:
The first two digits indicate the approximate number of molecules of ethylene oxide forming the hydrophilic polyglycolether chains.
The third digit indicates the concentration of the products (0 = approximately 100 % active ingredient).

Characteristics of Arkopal N 090:
Both the physico-chemical and processing characteristics of the Arkopal N grades depend largely on the ratio of hydrophobic molecules (nonylphenol) to the hydrophilic – i.e. water solubilizing – polyglycolether chain (number of ethylene oxide molecules).

Compatibility of Arkopal N 090:
Being nonionic, the Arkopal N grades are compatible with all other nonionic, anionic or cationic substances.
Electrolytes, for example neutral salts, alkalis and – to a lesser extent – acids, reduce the water solubility of the Arkopal N grades and may lead to their salting out, especially at high concentrations and temperatures.
Decomposition of the products does not occur.
For solutions containing high amounts of electrolytes, Arkopal N grades with long polyglycolether chains may be used since, being more hydrophilic, they are not so easily salted out.

Stability of Arkopal N 090:
The Arkopal N grades have excellent resistance to compounds that cause hard water, to metal salts, including those of heavy metals, acids, alkalis, reductive agents and oxidative agents based on peroxide.
With regard to oxidative agents giving off chlorine, the stability, as in the case of all polyglycolether derivatives, is limited to the use of dilute solutions.
The preparation of highly concentrated mixtures of oxidative or reductive agents and polyglycolether derivatives is not possible.

Solubility of Arkopal N 090:
a) in water:
The solubility in water increases with the length of the polyglycolether chain.
Arkopal N 040 is practically water insoluble.
Arkopal N 060, on the other hand, gives cloudy solutions.
The other Arkopal N grades form clear, aqueous solutions at 20 °C.

Dilution of the Arkopal N grades with water initially results in a significant increase in viscosity.
With the mean ethoxilation stages (Arkopal N 080 to Arkopal N 150), this increase in viscosity leads, in certain concentration ranges (45-70 %) to the formation of fairly stiff gels that are not readily diluted with cold water.
To avoid this gel formation, dilution and dissolving are best carried out by stirring the Arkopal N grades into warm or hot water.

Gel formation can also be overcome by the addition of alcohols, glycols and other solubilizing agents as well as by additions of salt.
Stable dilutions of Arkopal N 060, which gives cloudy solutions with water, cannot be prepared with water alone with less than 40 % active substance.
By using solubilizing agents, for example isopropyl alcohol, glycols or suitable anionic compounds, it is, however, possible to obtain clear, stable dilutions at low concentrations.

b) in organic solvents and oils:
In non-aqueous media, the solubility of the Arkopal N grades also depends on the degree of ethoxilation.
In aliphatic hydrocarbons, the solubility quickly decreases with increasing length of the polyglycolether chain.
In mineral oil, petroleum and paraffinic hydrocarbons, therefore, only the slightly hydrophilic products Arkopal N 040 and Arkopal N 060 are soluble.
In aromatic hydrocarbons, in alcohols, ketones and similar polar solvents, and in chlorinated hydrocarbons all Arkopal N grades are soluble.

Physico-chemical data of Arkopal N 090:

Cloud point of Arkopal N 090:
In contrast to the anionic compounds, the water solubility of the nonionic Arkopal N grades decreases with increasing temperature.
Aqueous solutions that are clear at room temperature become cloudy as soon as the temperature is raised to the so-called cloud point.
The cloud point increases with the length of the polyglycolether chain and with the different Arkopal N grades.

Products with a high degree of ethoxilation, such as Arkopal N 230 and Arkopal N 300 do not show a cloud point in water up to boiling point.
By the addition of salts, such as sodium chloride, it is possible to depress the cloud point so that its determination is possible.
Clouding is a reversible physical process; the solutions clear as they cool.

The action of the Arkopal N grades is not adversely influenced, with a few exceptions, by the cloud point.
They can, therefore, in most cases be used even at temperatures above cloud point.
The cloud point is determined in water, 25 % aqueous butyldiglycol solution and in 10 % sodium chloride solution.
Butyldiglycol serves as solubilizer and permits the determination of cloud points of products with low degree of ethoxilation which are either insoluble in water or give cloudy solutions.

Surface-active characteristics of Arkopal N 090:
Like solubility, surface-active characteristics vary with the degree of ethoxilation.

a) Surface tension:
The maximum reduction in surface tension is achieved with Arkopal N 060. As the degree of ethoxilation increases, so the action on the surface tension of water is reduced.

b) Dispersing action:
The values for lime-soap dispersion power established according to DIN 53903 indicate the excellent dispersing action of the Arkopal N grades.
They have, however, only limited application for other materials to be dispersed.

c) Wetting action:
The wetting action of the Arkopal N grades also greatly depends on the degree of ethoxilation.
The most effective grades are Arkopal N 090 and Arkopal N 100.

d) Foaming power:
Being ethylene oxide derivatives, the Arkopal N grades are characterized by moderate to low foaming action.
Their foaming increases with the degree of ethoxilation but at no time reaches the foaming of other anionic compounds such as the alkylsulphates, alkylarylsulfonates etc.

e) Emulsifying action:
The excellent emulsifying action of a number of Arkopal N grades allows the preparation of stable emulsions.
The selection of the most suitable degree of ethoxilation depends on the type of oil or organic solvent to be emulsified and on any other components that may be dissolved in the oil or solvent.

The following Arkopal N grades are the most suitable for the various oils and solvents:
Arkopal N 040 to Arkopal N 060 for mineral oils, petroleum and similar aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Arkopal N 080 to Arkopal N 130 for aromatic hydrocarbons.
Arkopal N 090 to Arkopal N 150 for chlorinated hydrocarbons
Arkopal N 230 and Arkopal N 300 for fatty acids (olein) and waxes.

By combining various Arkopal N grades, emulsifier mixtures for particular conditions can easily be prepared.
Mixtures of products whose degrees of ethoxilation vary greatly are frequently particularly effective.
Combinations with anionic or cationic products are also possible and are of advantage in many cases.

Other Products:
Emulsogen® EPN 118: Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 11 EO
Emulsogen® EPN 217: Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 12 EO
Emulsogen® EPN 287: Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 13 EO
Emulsogen® EPN 403: Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 14 EO
Emulsogen® EPN 407: Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 15 EO
Branched oxoalcohol et: Oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 16 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 070: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 7 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 088: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 118: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 11 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 158: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 15 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 217: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 21 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 287: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 28 EO
Emulsogen® L 4050: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 40 EO
Emulsogen® LCN 407: Branched oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 40 EO
Genapol® X 050: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 5 EO About 100 % Liquid 59 – 62 (2)
Genapol® X 060: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 6 EO About 100 % Liquid 64 – 66 (2)
Genapol® X 080: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid > 45 (1)
Genapol® X 089: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 90 % Liquid > 45 (1)
Genapol® X 150: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 15 EO About 100 % Waxy –
Genapol® X 407: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 40 EO About 70 % Liquid –
Genapol® X 1003: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 100 EO
Genapol® X 1005: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 101 EO
Emulsogen X 4050: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 40 moles EO
Genapol® 1879: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate
Genapol® 3214: Tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate
Genapol® GS 080 Blend of C12 – C20: alkyl ethoxylates with 8 EO
Genapol® OX 080 C /C: oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO
Genapol® OX 100 C12 /C15: oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 10 EO
Genapol® UD 050 C11: oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 5 EO
Genapol® UD 070 C11: oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 7 EO
Genapol® UD 079 C11: oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 7 EO
Genapol® UD 110 C11: oxoalcohol ethoxylate with 11 EO
Genapol® C 100 C /C : Saturated fatty alcohol About 100 % Pasty 89 – 92 (2)
Genapol® C 200 C12 /C18: Saturated fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 20
Emulsogen LA 3065: C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 30 EO
Genapol® LA 070 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 7 EO
Genapol® LA 080 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO
Genapol® LA 160 C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 16 EO
Emulsogen® 3896: Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate with 20 EO
Genapol® O 020: Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate with 2 EO
Genapol® O 080: Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate with 8 EO
Genapol® O 100: Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate with 10 EO
Genapol® O 200: Cetyl/oleyl alcohol ethoxylate with 20 EO
Genapol® T 200: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 20 EO
Genapol® T 250: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 25 EO
Genapol® T 250 p: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 25 EO
Genapol® T 500: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 50 EO
Genapol® T 500 p: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 50 EO
Genapol® T 800: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 80 EO
Genapol® T 800 p: C16 /C18 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 80 EO
Sapogenat® T 040: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 4 EO About 100 % Liquid 26 – 29 (2)
Sapogenat® T 060: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 6 EO About 100 % Liquid 53 – 56 (2)
Sapogenat® T 080: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid 60 – 68 (2)
Sapogenat® T 110: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 11 EO About 100 % Liquid 42 – 44 (1)
Sapogenat® T 130: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 13 EO About 100 % Liquid 62 – 64 (1)
Sapogenat® T 180: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 18 EO About 100 % Waxy 61 – 64 (3)
Sapogenat® T 300: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 100 % Waxy –
Sapogenat® T 500: Tributylphenol ethoxylate with 50 EO
Arkopal® N 040: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 4 EO About 100 % Liquid 36 – 38 (2)
Arkopal® N 060: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 6 EO About 100 % Liquid 61 – 63 (2)
Arkopal® N 080: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 8 EO About 100 % Liquid 32 – 34 (1)
Arkopal® N 090: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 9 EO About 100 % Liquid 52 – 54 (1)
Arkopal® N 100: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Liquid 62 – 65 (1)
Arkopal® N 130: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 13 EO About 100 % Liquid paste 83 – 86 (1)
Arkopal® N 150: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 15 EO About 100 % Pasty 92 – 95 (1)
Arkopal® N 208: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 20 EO About 80 % Liquid 70 – 73 (3)
Arkopal® N 238: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 23 EO About 80 % Liquid 73 – 75 (3)
Arkopal® N 300: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 100 % Waxy 76 – 78 (3)
Arkopal® N 307: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 70 % Liquid 76 – 78 (3)
Arkopal® N 308: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 30 EO About 80 % Waxy 76 – 78 (3)
Arkopal® N 407: Nonylphenol ethoxylate with 40 EO –
Genapol X 050: Nonylphenol + 4 EO
Genapol X 060: Nonylphenol + 6 EO
Genapol X 080: Nonylphenol + 8 EO
Emulsogen LCN 118: Nonylphenol + 9 EO
Emulsogen LCN 118: Nonylphenol + 10 EO
Emulsogen LCN 118: Nonylphenol + 11 EO
Emulsogen LCN 115: Nonylphenol + 13 EO
Emulsogen LCN 217: Nonylphenol + 15 EO
Emulsogen LCN 217: Nonylphenol + 20 EO
Emulsogen LCN 217: Nonylphenol + 23 EO
Emulsogen LCN 287: Nonylphenol + 30 EO
Emulsogen LCN 407: Nonylphenol + 40 EO
Emulsogen® 4084: EO-PO block polymer with 60 % EO About 100 % Waxy 26 – 29 (2)
Genapol® PF 10: EO-PO block polymer with 10 % EO About 100 % Liquid 53 – 56 (2)
Genapol® PF 20: EO-PO block polymer with 20 % EO About 100 % Liquid 42 – 44 (1)
Genapol® PF 40: EO-PO block polymer with 40 % EO About 100 % Liquid 62 – 64 (1)
Genapol® PF 80: EO-PO block polymer with 80 % EO About 100 % Waxy 61 – 64 (3)
Genapol® PF 80 FP: EO-PO block polymer with 80 % EO
Genapol® EP 0244: C10 /C12 fatty alcohol EO-PO About 100 % Liquid 35 – 38
Genapol® EP 2424: C12 /C13 fatty alcohol EO-PO addition product
Genapol® EP 2464: C12 /C14 fatty alcohol EO-PO addition product
Genapol® EP 2544: C12 /C12 oxoalcohol EO-PO addition product
Genapol® EP 2552: C12 /C13 oxoalcohol EO-PO addition product
Genapol® EP 2564: C12 /C14 oxoalcohol EO-PO addition product
Genapol® EP 2584: C12 /C15 oxoalcohol EO-PO addition product
Genapol® BE 2410: C12 /C14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate 10EO
Genapol® BE 2805: C12 /C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate 5EO
Genapol® BE 2810: C12 /C18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate 10EO
Emulsogen® TS 100: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 10 EO About 100 % Waxy 65 – 69 (2)
Emulsogen® TS 160: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 16 EO About 100 % Liquid 58 – 62 (1)
Emulsogen® TS 200: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 20 EO 55 – 60 (3)
Emulsogen® TS 290: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 29 EO 67 – 69 (3)
Emulsogen® TS 540: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 54 EO 72 – 74 (3)
Emulsogen® TS 600: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate with 60 EO –
Genapol® BA 040 Benzyl alcohol ethoxylate with 4 EO
Genagen® C 100: C12 /C18 Coconut fatty acid ethoxylate with 10 EO
®Genamin® C 020: C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate with 2 EO
Genamin® C 050: C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate with 5 EO
Genamin® C 100: C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate with 10 EO
Genamin® C 150: C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate with 15 EO
Genamin® C 200: C8/C18 Coconut fatty amine ethoxylate with 20 EO
Genamin® O 020 special: Oleyl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO
Genamin® O 050 Cetyl/oleyl amine ethoxylate with 5 EO
Genamin® O 080 Cetyl/oleyl amine ethoxylate with 8 EO
Genamin® O 200 Cetyl/oleyl amine ethoxylate with 20 EO
Genamin® S 020 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO
Genamin® S 080 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 8 EO
Genamin® S 100 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 10 EO
Genamin® S 150 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 15 EO
Genamin® S 200 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 20 EO
Genamin® S 250 Cetyl/stearyl amine ethoxylate with 25 EO
Genamin® T 020 Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO
Genamin® T 100 Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylate with 10 EO
Genamin® T 150 Tallow fatty alkyl amine ethoxylate with 15 EO
Genamin® 3920 Capryl amine ethoxylate with 2 EO
Genamin® CH 020: Cyclo hexyl amine ethoxylate with 10 EO
Emulsogen® EL 200: Castor oil ethoxylate with 20 EO
Emulsogen® EL 360: Castor oil ethoxylate with 36 EO
Emulsogen® EL 400: Castor oil ethoxylate with 40 EO
Emulsogen® EL 540 : Castor oil ethoxylate with 54 EO About 100 % Liquid 49 – 53 mg KOH/g
Hostacerin® DGI Diglycerol diisostearate About 100 % Liquid 160 – 180 mg KOH/g
Hostacerin® DGMS: Diglycerol monostearate About 100 % Pellets 160 – 180 mg KOH/g
Hostacerin® DGSB: Diglycerol distearate ethoxylated with 4 EO
Emulsogen® 4156: Ethoxylates sorbitane monolaurate with 20 EO
Hostapur® OS Liquid: C14 /C16 alpha-olefin sulphonates, sodium salt
Hostapur® OSB: C14 /C16 alpha-olefin sulfonate, sodium salt
Hostapur® SAS 30: C14 /C17 Secondary alkane sulfonate, sodium salt
Hostapur® SAS 60: C14 /C17 Secondary alkane sulfonate, sodium salt
Hostapur® SAS 93: C14 /C17 Secondary alkane sulfonate, sodium salt
Emulsogen APS 100: Allyl polyoxyalkylene sulfate with
Emulsogen® EPA 073: 4 PO and 10 EO, ammonium salt
Emulsogen® EPA 078: Alkyl polyethylene glycol ethersulfate with 7 EO, sodium salt
Emulsogen® EPA 1954: Alkyl polyethylene glycol ethersulfate with 7 EO, sodium salt
Emulsogen® LA 033: C12/C14 alkyl sulfate, sodium salt
Emulsogen® LA 083: C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol ether- sulfate with 3 EO, ammonium salt
Emulsogen LCA 213: C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol ethersulfate with 8 EO, ammonium salt
Emulsogen® PF 20 S: Alcohol polyethylene glycol ether sulfate, ammonium salt with 21 moles EO
Genapol® LRO Liquid: Polyalkylene glycol ethersulfate, ammonium salt
Genapol® LRO Paste: C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol ether ethersulfate with 2 EO, sodium salt
Hostapal® BV Conc.: C12/C14 alkyl polyethylene glycol ethersulfate with 2 EO, sodium salt
Hostapal® BV Liquid: Tributyl phenol polyethylene glycol ethersulfate with 7 EO, sodium salt
Zeliquid® LP 2: Tributyl phenol polyethylene glycol ethersulfate with 7 EO, sodium salt
Emulsogen® SF 8 Diisooctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt
Hostaphat® CC 100: Cetyl phosphoric acid ester, acid form, mono/diester
Hostaphat® CK 100: Cetyl phosphoric acid ester, potassium salt, mono/diester
Hostaphat® MDAH: Mono-/di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid ester, acid form
Hostaphat® 145: Oleyl polyoxethyl (5 EO) phosphoric acid mono/diester, acid form
Hostaphat® 1306 Isotridecyl polyoxethyl (6 EO) phos- phoric acid mono/diester, acid form
Hostaphat® KL 340 D: Lauryl polyethoxy (4 EO) phosphoric acid ester, sodium salt, mono/di/triester
Hostaphat® KW 340 D: Stearyl polyethoxy (4 EO) phosphoric acid ester, sodium salt, mono/di/triester
Hostaphat MIT 080: Tridecyl polyethylen glycol ether phos- phoric acid ester (8 EO), acid form, about 80% mono ester
Hostaphat® OPS 30: Octane phosphonic acid dissolved in water
Hostaphat® OPS 75 E: n-Octane phosphonic acid + ethanol/water
Hostaphat® OPS 100: n-Octane phosphonic acid
Emulsogen® CIO 050: Isooctyl polyoxethyl (5EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® CNO 080: n-Octyl polyoxethyl (8EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® COA 070: Oxo Alkyl polyoxethyl (7EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® COL 020: Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® COL 050: Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® COL 080: Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® COL 100: Oleyl polyoxethyl (2EO) acetic acid
Emulsogen® DTC 070: Isotridecyl polyoxethyl (7EO) acetic acid
Arkomon® SO: Oleoyl sarkosin
Medialan® LD: Lauroyl sarcoside, Na salt
Arkopon® T 8015: Oleic acid methyl tauride, sodium salt
Hostapon® CT Paste: Coconut fatty acid methyl tauride, Na salt
Hostapon® SCI-65 G: Coconut fatty acid isethionate, Na salt, blend with 20% stearic acid
Hostapon® SCI-85 G: Coconut fatty acid isethionate, Na salt
Hostapon® TPHC Oleic acid methyl tauride, Na salt
Genagen LAA: Sodium amphoacetate
Hostapon CGN: N-Cocoyl glutamate, sodium salt
Hostapon SG: Sodium cocoyl glycinate
ARMEEN 18D
Armeen 18D is a distilled primary octadecyl amine.
Armeen 18D is a primary amine with an 18-carbon hydrophobic tail.


CAS Number: 124-30-1
EC Number: 204-695-3
MDL Number: MFCD00008159
Molecular Formula: C18H39N


Armeen 18D is a distilled, octadecylamine flake derived from vegetable sources.
Armeen 18D appears as white waxy crystalline solid with alkalinity.
Armeen 18D is soluble in chloroform, soluble in alcohol, ether and benzene, slightly soluble in acetone and insoluble in water.


Armeen 18D is an 18-carbon primary aliphatic amine.
Armeen 18D is a white solid.
Armeen 18D is insoluble in water and less dense than water.


Armeen 18D hence floats on water.
Armeen 18D is used to make other chemicals.
Armeen 18D appears as a white solid.


Armeen 18D is insoluble in water and less dense than water.
Armeen 18D hence floats on water.
Armeen 18D is a white solid.


Armeen 18D is insoluble in water and less dense than water.
Armeen 18D appears as a white solid.
Armeen 18D is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.


Armeen 18D has an 18-carbon primary aliphatic amine.
Armeen 18D (Stearyl amine or 1-amino-octadecane) is a kind of aliphatic amines compound being subject to industrial mass production.
Armeen 18D is insoluble in water and less dense than water.


Armeen 18D hence floats on water.
Armeen 18D has a role as a film-forming compound.
Armeen 18D is a DryPowder; Liquid.


Armeen 18D is an 18-carbon primary aliphatic amine.
Armeen 18D has a role as a film-forming compound.
Armeen 18D is a distilled primary octadecyl amine.
Armeen 18D is a primary amine with an 18-carbon hydrophobic tail.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ARMEEN 18D:
Applications of Armeen 18D: Rubber Processing; Mold Release; Wax Emulsions; Pigment Dispersion; Hot Melt Adhesives; Anti-Corrosion Coatings; Metal Coatings
Armeen 18D is used as internal release agent in the HDC curing system of ethylene acrylate copolymer, and the normal dosage is 0.5phr.
Armeen 18D can result in improvement in scorch safety, slight reduction in cure rate and cure state.


Compression set and tensile strength will be negatively influenced but these properties are normally recovered after post-cure.
If Armeen 18D is used as retarder to improve scorch safety, the recommendation is to add 0.25phr increments.
Armeen 18D can bring vulcanizate with better properties after heat aging.


Armeen 18D is also applied as an antistatic agent, flotation agent, anti-caking agent, emuslifier for resin, and corrosion inhibitor.
Armeen 18D is used in biological studies for the formation of ion pairing as alternative to improve encapsulation and stability and to reduce skin irritation of retinoic acid loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles.


As the intermediate of organic synthesis, Armeen 18D is used in the production season octadecane amine salt and various additives.
Armeen 18D is used as internal release agent in the curing system of ethylene acrylate copolymer.
Armeen 18D is used to make other chemicals.


Armeen 18D is used in water treatment
Armeen 18D is distilled primary octadecyl amine.
Armeen 18D is used Lubricant, Production and Refinery and Transportation.


Armeen 18D can be used as the intermediates for organic synthesis such as for the production of octadecyl quaternary ammonium salts and various kinds of additives such as cationic thickening agent, mineral flotation agents, emulsifier of synthetic resins, pesticides and asphalt, antistatic agents, wetting agents, waterproofing agents, surfactants as well as biocides of fabric, color former of color photo and the corrosion inhibitor of the oil refining device.


Cosmetic Uses of Armeen 18D: antistatic agents.
Armeen 18D is used for Fuels and lubricants.
Armeen 18D is used as a filming amine for mold release and corrosion inhibition applications.


Industries of Armeen 18D: Adhesives | Building & Construction | Coatings | Elastomers | Plastics
Armeen 18D is most commonly used as a filming amine but it can also be used as an emulsifier, thickener, and boundary lubricant.
Armeen 18D is well-suited as a processing aid for elastomers and provides outstanding mold release properties for rubber manufacturing processes.


When applied to metal surfaces, Armeen 18D forms a protective film that inhibits corrosion and also provides lubrication.
Release to the environment of Armeen 18D can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in processing aids at industrial sites.


Release to the environment of Armeen 18D can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.
In addition, Armeen 18D can be used as an emulsifier for waxes, pigments, and other hydrophobic materials.
Armeen 18D has broad FDA approvals and can be used in applications that require food contact.


Armeen 18D is used as internal release agent in the HDC curing system of ethylene acrylate copolymer, and the normal dosage is 0.5phr.
Increasing Armeen 18D can result in improvement in scorch safety, slight reduction in cure rate and cure state.
Compression set and tensile strength will be negatively influenced but these properties are normally recovered after post-cure.


If Armeen 18D is used as retarder to improve scorch safety, the recommendation is to add 0.25phr increments.
Armeen 18D can bring vulcanizate with better properties after heat aging.
Armeen 18D is used in the following products: fertilisers, fuels, hydraulic fluids, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.


Release to the environment of Armeen 18D can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.
Armeen 18D is used in the following products: fuels, hydraulic fluids, heat transfer fluids, polymers, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.
Armeen 18D is used as a raw material for the manufacture of fatty amine ethoxilates and fatty amine salts.


Other release to the environment of Armeen 18D is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials), indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment), outdoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. tyres, treated wooden products, treated textile and fabric, brake pads in trucks or cars, sanding of buildings (bridges, facades) or vehicles (ships)) and indoor use in long-life materials with high release rate (e.g. release from fabrics, textiles during washing, removal of indoor paints).


Armeen 18D is used as a release agent in the HC vulcanization formula of acrylic rubber, the general dosage is 0.5 parts.
If the dosage is increased, scorch safety can be improved.
Armeen 18D slightly reduces cure rate and degree of cure.
Compression set and tensile strength are slightly affected, but recover after secondary vulcanization.


If you use 18D to improve scorch safety, Armeen 18D is recommended to try to increase the dosage by 0.25 parts.
Armeen 18D can be found in products with material based on: rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys), rubber used for large surface area articles (e.g. construction and building materials for flooring), rubber used for articles with intense direct dermal (skin) contact during normal use (e.g. gloves, boots, clothing, rubber handles, gear lever, steering wheels) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).


Armeen 18D can be found in complex articles, with no release intended: vehicles, machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical/electronic products (e.g. computers, cameras, lamps, refrigerators, washing machines) and electrical batteries and accumulators.
Armeen 18D is used for metal extraction, refining, and processing of metals.


Armeen 18D is used as a corrosion inhibitor (steam systems), mold releasing agent (manufacturing of battery cases), anti-caking and flotation agent, anti-stripping agent (asphalt emulsions for highways), and chemical intermediate.
Armeen 18D is also used for various applications in the petroleum industry.


Armeen 18D is used in the following products: hydraulic fluids, lubricants and greases, metal working fluids, fuels, fertilisers and heat transfer fluids.
Armeen 18D is used in the following areas: agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Armeen 18D is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, textile, leather or fur, rubber products and fabricated metal products.


Other release to the environment of Armeen 18D is likely to occur from: indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use as processing aid and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).



FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF ARMEEN 18D:
*Excellent in mold release applications
*Requires lower temperatures
*Reduces post mold shrinkage and weight loss and less susceptible to blistering.
*Facilitate filler and pigment dispersion in paints and inks
*FDA 21 CFR 175.105, 176.210, 173.210, 177.2600, 178.3120, 200.11



FUNCTIONS OF ARMEEN 18D:
*Wax Emulsion,
*Corrosion Inhibitor,
*Dispersing Agent,
*Filming Amine,
*Hydrophobizing,
*Emulsifier,
*Wetting agent



RELATED FUNCTIONS OF ARMEEN 18D:
*Adhesives
*Adhesion Promoters
*Processing Aid
*Building & Construction
*Surfactants
*Coatings
*Antistatic Agents
*Barrier Polymers
*Corrosion Inhibitors
*Processing Aids
*Release Agents
*Surfactants
*Wetting & Dispersion Aids
*Elastomers
*Lubricant
*Mold Release
*Viscosity Modifier
*Plastics
*Mold Release
*Processing Aid



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ARMEEN 18D:
Amine number: 204-213 mg KOH/g
Color: 0-1 Gardner
Iodine value: 0-3 g I₂/100 g
Moisture: ≤ 0.5 %
Neutralization equivalent: 263-275 g/eq
Primary Amine: ≥ 98 %
Secondary Amine: ≤ 2 %
Flash point: ≥150 C
HLB 8 Davies Scale: 0-40
Initial boiling point: 166°C (2 mm Hg), 196°C (8 mm Hg), 232°C (32 mm Hg), 349°C (760 mm Hg)
Melting point: 56 °C
pKb: 3.4
Pour point: 46 °C
Solubility in water: 9.3(65), 7.5(70), 4.0(80) % (@ C)
Specific Gravity: 0.791(60), 0.784(70)
Specific Heat BTU/Lb/F: 0.54 BTU/Lb/F
Vapor pressure: ≤ 0.1 mm Hg @20 C
Viscosity: 43.7(55), 42.2(65), 39.9(75) SSU
Equivalent weight: 269
Appearance at 25C: Solid
Melting Point (C): 46

Flash Point (C): >150
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg @20C): <0.1
Specific Gravity (C): 0.791(60), 0.784(70)
Chain Length: C18
HLB (Davies Scale 0-40): 8
Viscosity (SSU): 43.5(55), 42.2(65), 39.9(75)
Solubility of H2O% (C): 9.3(65), 7.5(70), 4.0(80)
Specific Heat (BTU/Lb/F): 0.54
pKb in Water: 3.4
Initial Boiling Point (C): 2(166), 8(196), 32(232), 349(760)
CAS No.: 124-30-1
Molecular Formula: C18H39N
Molecular Weight : 269.52 .
Molecular Weight: 269.51
Exact Mass: 269.51
BRN: 636111
EC Number: 204-695-3
UNII: FFV58UNY7O
ICSC Number: 1365
NSC Number: 9857
UN Number: 1759
DSSTox ID: DTXSID1025801|DTXSID3028053

HScode: 29211980
PSA: 26
XLogP3: 8.5
Appearance: White Prills
Density: 0.8618 g/cm3 @ Temp: 20 °C
Melting Point: 52.9 °C
Boiling Point: 346.8 °C @ Press: 760 Torr
Flash Point: 300 °F
Refractive Index: 1.4522
Water Solubility: Practically insoluble in water
Storage Conditions: Store below +30°C.
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg ( 72 °C)
Vapor Density: 9.29 (Relative to Air)
Dissociation Constants: pKa = 10.65
Air and Water Reactions: Insoluble in water.
Reactive Group: Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines
Formula: C18H39N
InChI: InChI=1S/C18H39N/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19/h2-19H2,1H3
InChIKey: REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N



FIRST AID MEASURES of ARMEEN 18D:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
Immediately call in physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Immediately call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
Give water to drink (two glasses at most).
Seek medical advice immediately.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ARMEEN 18D:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up carefully with liquid-absorbent material.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ARMEEN 18D:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment.
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Suppress (knock down) gases/vapors/mists with a water spray jet.
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ARMEEN 18D:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Tightly fitting safety goggles
*Skin protection:
required
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ARMEEN 18D:
-Precautions for safe handling:
*Hygiene measures:
Immediately change contaminated clothing.
Apply preventive skin protection.
Wash hands and face after working with substance.
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Keep in a well-ventilated place.
Keep locked up or in an area accessible only to qualified or authorized persons.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ARMEEN 18D:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
no information available



SYNONYMS:
1-Aminooctadecane
1-Octadecanamine
1-Octadecylamine
Monooctadecylamine
N-Octadecylamine
N-Stearylamine
Octadecylamine
Stearamine
Stearyl Amine
Armeen 18
Armeen 18D
Armeen 18D-FLK
Armofilm
Farmin 80
Genamin SH 100
Kemamine P 990D
Monooctadecylamine
NSC 9857
Nissan Amine AB
ODA
Stearamine
Stearylamine
n-Octadecylamine
n-Stearylamine
1-Aminooctadecane
1-Octadecylamine
Adogenen 142
Alamine 7
Alamine7D
Amine 18D
Amine AB
1-Octadecanamine
Octadecylamine
Adogenen 142
Alamine 7
n-Octadecylamine
Stearylamine
n-Stearylamine
Alamine 7D
1-Octadecylamine
Kemamine P 990
1-Aminooctadecane
Armofilm
Armeen 18D
Nissan Amine AB
Stearamine
Crodamine 1.18D
Amine AB
Monooctadecylamine
Farmin 80
Armeen 18
ODA
Genamin SH 100
Kemamine P 990D
Amine 18D
Armeen 18D-FLK
NSC 9857
18D
Lipomin 18D
Farmin 80S
Farmin 86V
Farmin 80V
Lipomin HTD
1-Octadecanamine
Octadecylamine
Adogenen 142
Alamine 7
n-Octadecylamine
Stearylamine
n-Stearylamine
Alamine 7D
1-Octadecylamine
Kemamine P 990
1-Aminooctadecane
Armofilm
Armeen 18D
Nissan Amine AB
Stearamine
Crodamine 1.18D
Amine AB
Monooctadecylamine
Farmin 80
Armeen 18
ODA
Genamin SH 100
Kemamine P 990D
Amine 18D
Armeen 18D-FLK
NSC 9857
18D
Lipomin 18D
Farmin 80S
Farmin 86V
Farmin 80V
Lipomin HTD
1341-47-5
8038-60-6
258339-97-8
457883-16-8
1533423-47-0
2031250-41-4
1-Aminooctadecane
1-Octadecylamine
Adogenen 142
Alamine 7
Alamine 7D
Amine 18-90
Amine AB
Armeen 1180
Armeen 118d
Armeen 18
Armeen 18D
Armid HTD
Armofilm
Crodamine 1.18D
Farmin 80
Kemamine P 990
Monooctadecylamine
NSC 9857
Nissan amine AB
Noram SH
Octadecylamine
Octadecylamineadogenen 142
Oda
Oktadecylamin
Stearamine
Stearylamine
n-Octadecylamine
n-Stearylamine
1-Aminooctadecane
1-Octadecylamine
Adogenen 142
Alamine 7
Alamine 7D
Amine AB
Armeen 118d
Armeen 18
Armeen 18D
Armid HTD
Armofilm
Crodamine 1.18D
Farmin 80
Kemamine P 990
Monooctadecylamine
n-Octadecylamine
n-Stearylamine
Nissan amine AB
Noram SH
Octadecan-1-amine
Octadecane,1-amino
Octadecylamine
Octadecylamineadogenen 142
ODA
Oktadecylamin
Stearamine
Stearylamine
AI3-14661
AMINE 18-90
ARMEEN 1180
BRN 0636111
CCRIS 4688
EINECS 204-695-3
HSDB 1194
NSC 9857
1-Aminooctadecane
1-Octadecanamine
1-Octadecylamine
Adogenen 142
Alamine 7
Alamine 7D
Amine AB
Armeen 118D
Armeen 18
Armeen 18D
Armofilm
Crodamine 1.18D
Farmin 80
Kemamine P990
Monooctadecylamine
Nissan Amine AB
Noram SH
Stearamine
Stearyl amine
Stearylamine
n-Octadecylamine
n-Stearylamine



ARNICA OIL
ARNICA OIL Can Arnica Oil Make My Hair Healthy and Shiny? Benefits Precautions How to use it Where to buy Other essential oils Summary We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission. Here’s our process. Arnica oil is a flowering herb native to cold, rocky regions like Siberia and Eastern Europe. It’s sometimes called “the mountain daisy” because the yellow-orange blooms resemble common daisies. For centuries, arnica oil has been used as a homeopathic treatment for skin, scalp, and hair conditions. The distilled extract of arnica oil is toxic to ingest, but when arnica oil is diluted or applied topically, it may help with a range of health conditions. Most of what we know about how arnica oil heals and helps your hair look shiny is anecdotal. Keep reading to find out what we know about using arnica oil for hair. Arnica oil for hair benefits Arnica oil has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Some research has confirmed that arnica can lower pain caused by inflammation and decrease the healing time for inflamed bruising on your skin. Since arnica oil can reduce inflammation, while at the same time clearing away built-up oils and killing bacteria on the scalp, many believe it can help treat hair and scalp conditions. However, most of what we know about how this works and whether it’s effective is anecdotal. Arnica oil for hair loss The strands of hair that you can see on your head are mostly collections of dead cells. You can extend the life of your hair by strengthening the proteins in your hair strands, as well as improving the health of the hair follicle itself. Topical arnica oil application may clear sebum oil and other debris on your scalp that can block hair follicles. It may also reduce inflammation that causes itching and irritation and leads to hair loss. More research is needed to study these potential benefits. Dandruff treatment Arnica oil is a popular holistic treatment for dandruff. Dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis) is caused by scalp irritation, dry skin, or a fungal infection. Applying arnica oil may improve your scalp’s texture and relieve symptoms of itching and inflammation, according to anecdotal evidence. Split ends Those who swear by arnica oil for hair believe that arnica oil has the power to strengthen the hair strand from root to tip. By coating the hair strand with arnica oil, you may be able to infuse your hair strands with healthy proteins that will decrease the appearance of split ends. However, there is little evidence for this besides anecdotal information. Premature graying Prematurely graying hair is difficult to prevent. The timing of your hair going gray is mostly based on genetic and environmental factors. However, preserving the overall health of your hair and strengthening your hair follicles can extend the lifecycle of your hair strands. By increasing the lifespan of the hair strands with arnica oil, it may be possible to fend off grays that are showing up early. Arnica oil side effects While the topical use of arnica oil is safe for most people, there are some possible side effects. People who have a ragweed allergy may experience an allergic reaction from using arnica oil. Symptoms of this kind of allergy can include: hives itching runny nose inflamed sinuses headache difficulty breathing If you notice any of those symptoms after applying Arnica oil to hair or scalp, discontinue use and wash it off immediately. When ingested, Arnica oil can also increase your heart rate and inflate your blood pressure. You should never ingest Arnica oil oil. Arnica oil is not safe for women who are pregnant. In fact, it has been used as a homeopathic way to induce abortions. It’s also not approved for breastfeeding mothers and even caused complications in one newborn whose mother ingested Arnica oil. How to use arnica oil for hair Arnica oil can be applied topically as a treatment for hair and scalp conditions. Arnica oil can be used as an ingredient in shampoos, conditioners, and leave-in treatments. Diffusing arnica oil isn’t effective for treating hair. You can buy arnica oil and make your own leave-in hair treatment or hair mask, or buy products that contain the ingredient. To make your own, you’ll need to mix arnica oil with a carrier oil, such as coconut oil or almond oil. You can mix two to three drops of arnica oil with every 8 to 10 drops of carrier oil to create a mixture to coat your scalp. Leave this hair mask on for no more than 15 minutes before rinsing thoroughly with lukewarm water. You may also want to keep some of the mixture on hand for when you style your hair. Run the oil through the full strands of your hair to repair split ends and tame flyaways. If you’d prefer to purchase products that contain arnica oil for your hair, you’ll notice that it’s often combined with some other ingredients. Calendula, shea butter, grapeseed oil, sage, and rosemary are all natural ingredients that also claim to support a healthy scalp and hair. Where to buy arnica oil for hair You can purchase arnica oil most health food stores, as well as some grocery stores. Products containing arnica oil, such as dandruff shampoos and cream rinses, can be found at some beauty supply stores and online. Remember that the statements about Arnica oil’s efficacy have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, and your success with this ingredient may vary. If you’re interested in trying arnica oil for your hair, check out these products online. Alternative essential oils for hair If you’re interested in trying essential oils for hair, there are other types of oils with more clinical research to support their use. Other essential oils to use for healthy, shiny hair include: lavender oil cedarwood oil rosemary oil tea tree oil peppermint oil Takeaway Arnica oil has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties lead some people to believe it is effective as a treatment for dandruff and a way to make your hair look and feel healthier. There isn’t much research to support these claims. Arnica oil extract for relieving pain associated with sore muscles, muscle aches, sprains, back and neck pain, and proven to soothe leg sore muscles. Arnica oil is known to provide relief for stiff back and neck, and makes a great addition to a deep tissue massage oil for sore muscles treatment and sore muscles bath oil. Arnica oil is beneficial for bruise treatment, insect bites, soothing sunburn, and to reduce inflammation in joints. Arnica oil for neck and back pain wrap. Arnica oil helps relieve swelling due to sprains, fractures, and minimize post-surgery trauma and bruising. Arnica oil may be beneficial for acne, boils, cuts, scrapes, rashes, bug bites, and dandruff. Arnica oil works wonders on those sore leg and arm muscles and aching feet after a morning run, or a gym work-out. Arnica oil is a must for a professional athlete or anyone to have around the house. Arnica oil may be useful for supporting arthritis pain relief. Healing Arnica oil herbal extract with essential oil supports natural fast pain relief from bruising, swelling, aches and pains, trauma, muscle soreness; aids fast healing of bruises, sprains, strains, bone breaks, body athletic traumas; helps calm tension and agitation; used to reduce inflammation after surgery, help heal post-surgery skin bruises. Arnica oil is used for massage or bruise care, and provides fast stress relief and relaxation for sore tired body for workers and athletes. Ingredients: The active ingredients from Arnica oil Montana flowers are uniquely extracted into Soja Hispida oil (Less than 1 % of Rosemary and Vitamin E added for freshness). Our Arnica Oil Extract is produced every week and comes to you fresh from production. This is NOT an Essential/Volatile oil (Pure essential oil of Arnica oil is toxic). Out Arnica oil extract is the safe alternative. Our Arnica oil is wildcrafted and non-toxic. Arnica oil can be added to a cream, ointment, lotion, salve, gel. Directions: Apply a small amount to affected area, massage gently for 5 minutes. Do not apply to open wounds and cuts. Use our Arnica oil to make your own bruise cream, Arnica oil pain relief cream, or sunburn lotion, or apply as is for more potency. Produced in USA. 100% PURE & NATURAL OIL: Our Oils are 100% Pure & Natural as We Manufacture the best and highest quality Essential Oils with no side effects. Our Oils does not contain fillers, color or any added preservatives. Each essential oil is tested properly for its constituents. BENEFITS & USES: It is a great product for skin care too. Best For Aromatherapy. COLOUR & AROMA: Arnica oil Essential Oil has a Yellow to amber green colored slightly viscous liquid | Almost odourless | EXTRACTION METHOD- Infusion | Its Consistency is neither too thick nor too thin | This expertly blended oil is the perfect texture and consistency for massage and will leave your skin hydrated and healthy. NOTE : These aromatherapy oils are only for external use Arnica oil is an herb that grows mainly in Siberia and central Europe, as well as temperate climates in North America. The flowers of the plant are used in medicine. Arnica oil is most commonly used for pain caused by osteoarthritis, sore throat, surgery, and other conditions. Arnica oil is also used for bleeding, bruising, swelling after surgery, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Arnica oil can also be unsafe when taken by mouth. In foods, Arnica oil is a flavor ingredient in beverages, frozen dairy desserts, candy, baked goods, gelatins, and puddings. In manufacturing, Arnica oil is used in hair tonics and anti-dandruff preparations. The oil is used in perfumes and cosmetics. How does it work ? The active chemicals in Arnica oil may reduce swelling, decrease pain, and act as antibiotics. Arnica oil is a safe ingredient for most people, but you should test it on your scalp before applying it to your entire head. Never ingest arnica oil. Possibly Effective for Osteoarthritis. Early research shows that using an Arnica oil gel product (A. Vogel Arnica oil Gel, Bioforce AG) twice daily for 3 weeks reduces pain and stiffness and improves function in people with osteoarthritis in the hand or knee. Other research shows that using the same gel works as well as the painkiller ibuprofen in reducing pain and improving function in the hands. Possibly Ineffective for Reducing pain, swelling, and complications of wisdom tooth removal. In most research, taking Arnica oil by mouth does not seem to reduce pain, swelling, or complications after wisdom tooth removal. One early study suggests that taking six doses of homeopathic Arnica oil 30C might reduce pain, but not bleeding. Insufficient Evidence for Bleeding. Early research suggests that placing 5 drops of a homeopathic Arnica oil preparation under the tongue three times per day might reduce blood loss following surgery for breast cancer. But problems with the design of this study limit the reliability of these results. Bruises. Most research shows that taking homeopathic Arnica oil by mouth or applying Arnica oil to the skin does not reduce bruising after surgery. But several conflicting studies shows benefit. Vision problems due to diabetes. Early research shows that taking homeopathic Arnica oil by mouth for 6 months reduces vision problems in people with vision loss due to diabetes. Muscle soreness after exercise. Most research shows that taking homeopathic preparations of Arnica oil by mouth does not prevent muscle soreness after exercise. It's unclear if applying Arnica oil to the skin after exercise prevents muscle soreness. Some research shows benefit. But other research shows that applying Arnica oil to the skin can worsen muscle pain after exercise. Swelling after surgery. The effects of Arnica oil on swelling when applied to the skin after surgery is unclear. Some research shows a slight benefit. But other research shows that applying Arnica oil doesn't reduce swelling after surgery. Pain after surgery. Most research shows that taking homeopathic Arnica oil by mouth slightly reduces pain after surgery. In some cases, homeopathic Arnica oil has been used together with an Arnica oil ointment from 72 hours after surgery for 2 weeks. But not all research has been positive. Stroke. Early research shows that taking one tablet of homeopathic Arnica oil 30C under the tongue every 2 hours for six doses does not benefit people who have had a stroke. Acne. Chapped lips. Insect bites. Painful, swollen veins near the surface of the skin. Sore throats. Other conditions. More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of Arnica oil for these uses. Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Don't take Arnica oil by mouth or apply to the skin if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. It is considered LIKELY UNSAFE. Allergy to ragweed and related plants: Arnica oil may cause an allergic reaction in people who are sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family. Members of this family include ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, daisies, and many others. If you have allergies, be sure to check with your healthcare provider before applying it to your skin. Do not take Arnica oil by mouth. Broken skin: Don't apply Arnica oil to damaged or broken skin. Too much could be absorbed. Digestion problems: Arnica oil can irritate the digestive system. Don't take it if you have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcers, Crohn's disease, or other stomach or intestinal conditions. Fast heart rate: Arnica oil might increase your heart rate. Don't take Arnica oil if you have a fast heart rate. High blood pressure: Arnica oil might increase blood pressure. Don't take Arnica oil if you have high blood pressure. Surgery: Arnica oil might cause extra bleeding during and after surgery. Stop using it at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery. Arnica Oil Review: Be the first to review Arnica Oil Arnica Oil Arnica Oil is a, stabilized, oil soluble, extract of Arnica oil montana flowers in Sunflower Seed Oil. A powerhouse of skin healing actives, Arnica Oil, Arnica montana, has been used for thousands of years to treat everything from muscle and joint pain, to osteoarthritis, to damaged skin. The extract of Arnica oil is well known for it's ability to treat traumatized, and injured, muscle tissues, and skin, due to a complex of natural lactone compounds, and helenalin, which give the herb powerful anti-inflammatory, and anti-swelling, activity. These compounds are shown to improve peripheral circulation, reduce swelling and inflammation, and trigger the immune response. A great choice for any work out or, post work out, treatments, and massage, products as well as for any inflammatory skin treatments. Arnica oil Oil, Arnica oil montana, and pain relief was studied, by UMMC, on patients suffering from mild, to moderate, Osteoarthritis. In those that applied a Arnica oil Gel, to the affected area, twice daily, a significant reduction in pain, and increased function, was seen after only three weeks of use. "Rheumatology International" found that comparable results were obtained using an Ibuprofen, vs. Arnica oil, gel, in a study treating Osteoarthritis of the hands. Arnica Oil, Arnica oil montana, and inflammation was studied, also by UMMC, which concluded that topical Arnica oil was effective in treating bruises, insect bites, and other inflammatory, and swelling, conditions such as post operative, sprains, and fractures indicating its effectiveness in topical application as an anti-inflammatory. Arnica Oil, Arnica oil montana, has a long history of use in inflammatory, and damaged, skin conditions where the healing is improved through increased circulation, and anti-bacterial activity. Arnica oil is even used in herbal treatments for dandruff. Arnica oil is a well known herbal remedy for bruises, sprains and muscles strains. It’s surprisingly effective, as well as easy to make at home. An Arnica oil infused oil also quickly converts to a convenient and easy to apply Arnica oil salve. A jar of Arnica Oil infusing as a herbal home remedy for sprains, strains and muscle pain. A jar of Arnica Oil infusing as a herbal home remedy for sprains, strains and muscle pain. Vermont is a rural state, but it’s also a place where just about everyone loves to get outside one way or another. Whether it’s skiing in the winter or just about everything else in the summer, someone’s always overdoing it and in need of a little TLC. I’d learned in massage school that arnica oil is unparalleled as a treatment for sore muscles, sprains, strains, and bruises. I was regularly purchasing small bottles of arnica oil from Weleda, and while my clients love it, my DIY spirit had other ideas. Why not grow Arnica oil in our herb garden and make my own arnica oil? GROWING ARNICA FOR HOMEMADE ARNICA OIL Arnica oil (Arnica oil Montana) is a small perennial herb in the sunflower family. It’s native to Europe but rare in the wild, largely due to overharvesting. It prefers nutrient-poor soil, which limits competition and allows this tenacious little herb to thrive. We had just put in a new garden bed, and it had heavy clay soil and almost no organic matter. Arnica oil loved it! The first year we planted just three small plants from transplants, and even though I harvested most the flowers, the one of two I missed self-seeded. The following year I had more than 100 plants in just a tiny area, and I was able to harvest literally gallons of Arnica oil blossoms for homemade arnica oil. Growing Arnica oil flowers in the herb garden for homemade Arnica oil infused oil HARVESTING ARNICA FOR OIL While the plants are easy to grow, harvesting and preserving the blossoms is a bit tricky. Arnica oil should never be taken internally, and the first time I harvested the blossoms barehanded I got a good lesson. The medicinal compounds in the blossoms taste horrible, and when I stopped mid-harvest to pick a few strawberries from a nearby bed I was sorry. I spent the next 5 minutes spitting, after just incidental contact between my Arnica oil covered fingers and my tongue. Arnica oil isn’t nearly that potent, and I’ve never had an issue with bad-tasting residue on my hands after doing massage work. It washes off quickly, with just a bit of soap and water. The second problem with harvesting fresh Arnica oil is that the blossoms are very short-lived. They love to self-seed, and once picked those little blossoms will turn into fluffy seed bombs in under 24 hours. If you’re going to store them, the blossoms need to be dried very quickly to prevent degradation and keep them from rapidly converting to seed pod fluffs (think dandelion seed heads). Harvesting Arnica oil flowers into a mason jar to make homemade arnica oil Harvesting Arnica oil flowers into a mason jar to make homemade arnica oil. INFUSING ARNICA OIL Generally, I use dried herbs to make herbal infused oils. Since Arnica oil doesn’t dry well at home, I had a lot of trouble making this work. I couldn’t get the blossoms to dry fast enough, and they almost always turned into fluffy little seed heads well before they’d dried thoroughly. (I now have an Excaliber dehydrator, and I’m hoping to try it with our next Arnica oil crop for better drying.) While you can just buy commercially dried Arnica oil blossoms for making arnica oil, they’re around $40 per pound. Since Arnica oil is so easy to grow, I was set on using our own homegrown blossoms. That means making a herbal infused oil with fresh blossoms, extracted within hours of harvest. Fresh blossoms placed in oil need a bit of warmth to help drive off excess moisture, and about an hour in a double boiler on very low accomplishes this nicely. Ideally, the water should be around 170 degrees for 4 to 8 hours. The blossoms dry quickly within the oil, and the excess moisture evaporates out of the top of the open arnica oil jar. (Keep the lids off the jars so that water can evaporate.) It’s important to make sure the water in the double boiler is low so that it won’t come too far up the sides of the jars and get into the oil. A crockpot set on “low” or “keep warm” usually works well, just check it periodically to ensure it’s not getting too hot. Place a towel at the bottom of the crockpot to keep the jars out of direct contact with the heat source, and then add water to the pot so that it goes about 1/3 of the way up the sides of the herb/oil-filled jars. After about 4-8 hours infusing, turn off the heat and allow the arnica oil to infuse for another 24 to 48 hours before straining out the herb mixture. Making Arnica Oil by Infusing Arnica oil Blossoms in a carrier oil. CHOOSING A CARRIER OIL Since arnica oil is only used topically, you’ll want to select an oil that fits well with your skincare and health goals. I often use olive oil for the most versatility, since it’s not likely to trigger any allergies. Sweet almond oil is a better choice, as it’s more nourishing for skin, but if you’re using it on clients in a massage practice there’s always the potential for nut allergies. An even better option is jojoba oil, which is especially nourishing to the skin and non-staining to clothing/sheets. The downside is it can be expensive. A little bit goes a long way though, and jojoba oil was the main oil I used in my day to day massage practice. A single 16-ounce bottle would last through about 50 full-body massages, so it’s worth the extra investment in my mind. (Especially since arnica oil is usually reserved for spot treatments rather than full-body massage work.) Keep in mind that Weleda’s version is about $5 per ounce, or roughly 3 times the price of jojoba oil…and there’s is made with relatively inexpensive sunflower oil. USING ARNICA OIL So once you’ve made your own homemade arnica oil, how do you use it? Applying oils can be a bit tricky, and sometimes messy if you’re just working out of a jar. A simple pump bottle, ideally amber colored to block light, is the best way to store your arnica oil. That’ll allow you to squeeze out just a tiny pea-sized amount so you can apply the therapeutic oil without mess. Generally, arnica oil is applied 2-4 times per day to the affected area to reduce bruising after an injury, or to treat muscle soreness after injury or exercise. As with any new herbal remedy, be sure to spot check on a small patch of skin to check for allergies. When it’s just for my own use, I’ll often make a simple Arnica oil salve by mixing 8 ounces of arnica oil with 1 ounce of beeswax pistils in a double boiler. I then pour the resulting Arnica oil salve into small salve tins for easy storage. When packed fully with flowers, a pint mason jar will yield about 8 ounces of arnica oil after infusion. Once the beeswax is added, that in turn yields about 6 salve tins full of homemade Arnica oil slave. A salve is basically a beeswax thickened Arnica oil cream that’s easy to apply. The only downside of an arnica salve is that it’s applied with the fingers, and double-dipping is a big “no-no” in a professional massage practice. I still make it for my own use at home though, since it’s much more convenient than simple arnica oil. Homemade Arnica oil salve BENEFITS OF ARNICA OIL So does arnica oil work? That one’s a bit trickier to pin down. Some studies show that it’s only about as effective as a placebo, while others have shown impressive results with reduced pain and inflammation. One study found that topical arnica oil was just as effective as Ibuprofin as a treatment for hand osteoarthritis, but with a lower potential for side effects. Another study found similar results when patients applied Arnica oil twice daily to treat knee osteoarthritis. Both of these studies were not controlled against placebo, which leaves open the possibility of a placebo effect at work. A study by the British Association of Dermatologists found that arnica oil had a significant impact on bruise healing, and it worked markedly better than placebo. They used a laser to create multiple small standardized bruises on volunteers and then rated the healing after 2 weeks. Bruises treated with arnica oil healed 20% better according to their dermatologist’s rating system, and just about as fast as common traditional (non-herbal) medicine bruise treatments. Another randomized placebo-controlled trial found that arnica oil significantly reduced muscle pain in runners if applied every few hours throughout the day for 72 hours after a standardized run. In treating athletes in my practice, as well as treating myself after injuries, I’ve always had great success. Placebo or not, Arnica oil always has a place in my medicine cabinet.
AROMATIC ALCOHOLS
Aromatic alcohols are alcohols that have a hydroxyl group connected to the carbon of a ring structure such as benzene.
The aromatic alcohols are those compounds in which the hydroxyl group is not directly attached to the nucleus but is linked to a carbon atom situated in a side-chain.



SYNONYMS:
aryl-alcohols



In organic chemistry, the aromatic alcohols or aryl-alcohols are a class of chemical compounds containing a hydroxyl group (−OH) bonded indirectly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group, in contrast to the phenols, where the hydroxyl group is bonded directly to an aromatic carbon atom.
Aromatic alcohols are produced by the yeast Candida albicans.


Aromatic alcohols are also found in beer.
These molecules are quorum sensing compounds for Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Aromatic alcohols, also known as phenols, are alcohols that contain the –OH functional group and have the general formula Ar—OH, where Ar represents an aromatic ring.


In organic chemistry, the aromatic alcohols or aryl-alcohols are a class of chemical compounds containing a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group, in contrast to the benzyl alcohol, where the hydroxyl group is bonded indirectly to an aromatic carbon atom.
Further, we know that aryl halides are compounds in which halogen group (-X) is directly attached to an aromatic ring.


In the same way, aryl alcohols also mean that those compounds in which hydroxyl group (-OH) is directly attached to an aromatic ring.
In 2022, Aromatic alcohols, derivatives, except benzyl alcohol were the world's 2876th most traded product, with a total trade of $529M.
Between 2021 and 2022 the exports of Aromatic alcohols, derivatives, except benzyl alcohol grew by 24.4%, from $425M to $529M.


Trade in Aromatic alcohols, derivatives, except benzyl alcohol represent 0.0022% of total world trade.
Aromatic alcohols, derivatives, except benzyl alcohol are a part of Cyclic Alcohols.
Aromatic alcohols, derivatives, except benzyl alcohol are used in perfumes, medicines, and cleaning products.


Aromatic alcohols are alcohols that have a hydroxyl group connected to the carbon of a ring structure such as benzene.
Aromatic alcohols were analyzed using RSpak DE-613 (a column for reversed phase chromatography).
In organic chemistry, the aromatic alcohols or aryl-alcohols are a class of chemical compounds containing a hydroxyl group (−OH) bonded indirectly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group, in contrast to the phenols, where the hydroxyl group is bonded directly to an aromatic carbon atom.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
Oxidation of aromatic alcohols to corresponding aldehydes and ketones have been carried out using molecular oxygen and FeCl3 supported on kieselguhr as catalyst in good yields.



RANKING OF AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
Aromatic alcohols, derivatives, except benzyl alcohol ranks 1113th in the Product Complexity Index (PCI).



METABOLISM OF AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
Aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase uses an aromatic alcohol and NAD+ to produce an aromatic aldehyde, NADH and H+.
Aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) uses an aromatic alcohol and NADP+ to produce an aromatic aldehyde, NADPH and H+.
Aryldialkylphosphatase (also known as organophosphorus hydrolase, phosphotriesterase, and paraoxon hydrolase) uses an aryl dialkyl phosphate and H2O to produce dialkyl phosphate and an Aromatic alcohols.



FIRST AID MEASURES of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AROMATIC ALCOHOLS:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available

Arôme
Calcium diascorbate; CALCIUM ASCORBATE, N° CAS : 5743-27-1 - Ascorbate de calcium, Nom INCI : CALCIUM ASCORBATE, Nom chimique : L-ascorbic acid, calcium salt (2:1), N° EINECS/ELINCS : 227-261-5 Additif alimentaire : E302, Antioxydant : Inhibe les réactions favorisées par l'oxygène, évitant ainsi l'oxydation et la rancidité, Agent d'entretien de la peau : Maintient la peau en bon état
AROMOX C/12-W
Aromox C/12-W is an amine oxide, based on coco amine + 2 EO.


CAS Number: 61791-47-7
EC Number: 263-180-1
Name: coco bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide
Molecular Formula:C7H15NO5



SYNONYMS:
61791-47-7, 263-180-1, AROMOX C/12-W, BIS (2-HYDROXYETHYL) COCOAMINE OXIDE, DIHYDROXYETHYL COCAMINE OXIDE [INCI], MACAT AO-12-2, N,N (BIS (2-HYDROXYETHYL) COCAMINE OXIDE, VAROX 743, DIHYDROXYETHYL COCAMINE OXIDE, cocobis(hydroxyethyl)amineoxide, ethanol,2,2'-iminobis-,n-cocoalkylderivs.,n-oxides, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) cocoamine oxide, ethanol,2,2'-iminobis-, n-coco alkyl derivs., n-oxides, dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)(coconut oil alkyl)amine oxide, ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, n-kokos-alkylderivate, n-oxide, DIHYDROXYETHYL COCAMINE OXIDE, Cocobis(hydroxyethyl)amineoxide, BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL) COCOAMINE OXIDE, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)Cocoalkylamine oxi, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)Cocoalkylamine oxide, Ethanol,2,2’-iminobis-,N-cocoalkylderivs.,N-oxides, Ethanol, 2,2′-Iminobis-, N-Kokos-alkylderivate, N-Oxide Ethanol,2,2'-iminobis-, N-cocoalkylderivs., N-oxides, BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL) COCOAMINE OXIDE, DIHYDROXYETHYL COCAMINE OXIDE, Cocobis(hydroxyethyl)amineoxide, Ethanol, 2,2'-Iminobis-, N-Kokos-alkylderivate, N-Oxide,
alkyl bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium acetate, bis(2- hydroxyethyl) cocoalkyl amine, diethanolamine coconut fatty acid condensate, 2,2'-iminobis-ethano n-coco alkyl derivs, diethanolamine n-coco alkyl derivs., coconut fatty acid diethanolamide, n-cocoalkyl-2,2'-iminobisethanol, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco amine, diethanolamideofcoconutfattyacid, n,n-bishydroxyethyl cocoamine, armostat410, coconutbis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)cocoamides
Amines, coco alkyl dihydroxyethyl, oxides, 2,2'-Iminobisethanol, N-coco alkyl, N-oxide, Coco di-(hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, Dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl, N-oxide, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)cocamine oxide, Diethanolamine N-coco alkyl derivs. N-oxides, UNII-8AR51R3BL5, Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-coco alkyl derivs, N-oxides, Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) cocoamine oxide, Coco bis(hydroxy ethyl) amine oxide, Cocopolyglycolethermethylammoniumchloride, Coconutbis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammoniumchloride, cocoalkylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammoniumchloride, (Cocoalkyl)bis(2-Chemicalbookhydroxyethyl)methylammoniumchloride, N,N-Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-cocoalkyl-N methylammoniumchloride, Quaternaryammoniumcompounds,cocoalkylbis(hydroxyethyl)methyl,



Aromox C/12-W is an cocobis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, based on coco amine + 2 EO.
Aromox C/12-W functions as a foam booster and thickener.
Aromox C/12-W is ideal for use in car wash, cleaning (Industrial & Institutional), and dishwashing & HDL detergents.


Aromox C/12-W is an cocobis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, based on coco amine + 2 EO.
Aromox C/12-W is an amine oxide, based on coco amine + 2 EO.
Aromox C/12-W is very soluble in N,N-Dimethylformamide, Soluble in methanol, Sparingly soluble in glacial acetic acid, Very slightly soluble in chloroform, and Practically insoluble in water.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AROMOX C/12-W:
Aromox C/12-W is mainly used in shampoo, making the hair more supple and easy to comb, fine bubbles, sheen.
Aromox C/12-W is also used in hard surface detergent of tableware, bathroom, building external wall, etc.
Compared with the traditional 6501, Aromox C/12-W has the feature of dosage little, high efficiency, strong wetting and detergent.


Aromox C/12-W has good performance of hand feel and soften.
Aromox C/12-W can be effectively used in combination with anionics surfactants as a foam booster in washing-up liquids and other high cleaning products.
Aromox C/12-W can be used as foam booster, stabilisator and viscosity enhancer in liquid cleansing products and aerosol mousses.


Aromox C/12-W can be used as amphotheric surfactant, conditioning agent and foam stabilizer in cosmetics and toiletries.
Application areas of Aromox C/12-W: Industrial cleaning, Institutional cleaning, Vehicle cleaning.
Aromox C/12-W can be used as bactericide.


Aromox C/12-W can be used as emulsifier in pesticides and oilfield.
Aromox C/12-W is an excellent performed surfactant in industrial cleaning formulations.
Aromox C/12-W can be used as antistatic agent, biocide and softening agent in daily chemicals industry.



PROPERTIES OF AROMOX C/12-W:
Aromox C/12-W is a cationic surfactant with uniform carbon chain distribution.
Aromox C/12-W has two hydroxy in the chemicals structure.
Aromox C/12-W is easily soluble in water and ethanol.



FEATURES OF AROMOX C/12-W:
1. Amphoteric surfactant, easy dissolved in water and polar organic solvents, the water solution show cationic under acidic condition, show nonionic under alkaline condition.
2. Good performance of thickening, anti-static, soften, foam boostting, foam stabilization and cleansing, fine thickenning with little adding, foam abundant and stable.
3. Capacity of sterilize, lime soap dispersing, biodegradable and so on.
4. Low irritation, good combining with other surfactant and reduce the irritation of Anionic surfactant.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AROMOX C/12-W:
Appearance, 25'C: liquid
Clear point: 0'C
Colour: max 2 Gardner
Density, 25'C: 996 kg/m³
Flash point: >100'C
Pour point: 0'C
Viscosity, 25'C (Newtonian): 345 mPa s
pH (5% in water): 6.5-8
CBNumber:CB5506365
Molecular Formula:C7H15NO5
Molecular Weight:193.1977
MOL File:61791-47-7.mol



FIRST AID MEASURES of AROMOX C/12-W:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AROMOX C/12-W:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AROMOX C/12-W:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AROMOX C/12-W:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AROMOX C/12-W:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AROMOX C/12-W:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


AROMOX T 12

Aromox T 12 is a versatile amine oxide surfactant used in various cleaning formulations.
Aromox T 12 is derived from tallow amine and ethylene oxide, resulting in a powerful cleaning agent.
Aromox T 12 exhibits excellent degreasing properties, making it effective in removing oil and grease stains.

CAS Number: Water (7732-18-5), Diethylene glycol (111-46-6), Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides (61791-46-6)
EC Number: Water (231-791-2), Diethylene glycol (203-872-2), Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivatives, N-oxides (263-179-6)

Synonyms: Tallow amine oxide, EO tallow amine oxide, Ethoxylated tallow amine, Tallow amine ethoxylate, Tallow amine EO, Tallow amine surfactant, Ethylene oxide tallow amine, Tallow amine ethylene oxide, Amine oxide surfactant, Alkyl amine oxide, Ethoxylated amine oxide, EO amine oxide, Alkyl ethoxylated amine, Ethylene oxide alkyl amine, Alkyl ethylene oxide, Ethoxylated fatty amine, Fatty amine ethoxylate, Ethylene oxide fatty amine, Fatty amine EO, Alkyl ethoxylate, Fatty amine surfactant, Alkyl amine ethoxylate, Ethoxylated alkyl amine, EO alkyl amine



APPLICATIONS


Aromox T 12 is commonly used in acid cleaners for its effective degreasing properties.
Aromox T 12 is utilized in industrial settings to remove stubborn oil and grease stains from machinery and equipment.
Aromox T 12 is incorporated into all-purpose cleaners for versatile cleaning of various surfaces.

Aromox T 12 finds application in household cleaning products for tackling kitchen grease and bathroom grime.
This compound is added to floor cleaners to effectively lift dirt and stains from hard surfaces.

Aromox T 12 is used in automotive cleaning products for degreasing engines and removing road grime.
Aromox T 12 is employed in institutional cleaning for maintaining cleanliness in schools, hospitals, and offices.
Aromox T 12 is utilized in food service establishments for cleaning kitchen equipment and surfaces.

Aromox T 12 finds application in the hospitality industry for maintaining cleanliness in hotels and restaurants.
Aromox T 12 is added to janitorial cleaning products for commercial and industrial facilities.

Aromox T 12 is used in degreasers and solvent cleaners for removing tough stains from various surfaces.
Aromox T 12 is employed in pressure washers for effectively cleaning outdoor surfaces such as driveways and sidewalks.
Aromox T 12 finds application in carpet and upholstery cleaners for lifting dirt and stains.

Aromox T 12 is utilized in window and glass cleaners for streak-free cleaning of glass surfaces.
Aromox T 12 is added to laundry detergents for boosting the cleaning power of the formulation.
Aromox T 12 is incorporated into dishwashing detergents for cutting through grease and food residues.

Aromox T 12 is used in industrial degreasing baths for removing oils and lubricants from metal parts.
Aromox T 12 finds application in agricultural cleaning products for cleaning farm equipment and surfaces.

Aromox T 12 is employed in vehicle wash solutions for cleaning cars, trucks, and other vehicles.
Aromox T 12 is added to boat and marine cleaners for removing salt residue and marine growth.
Aromox T 12 is utilized in aircraft cleaning products for maintaining the cleanliness of aircraft exteriors.

Aromox T 12 finds application in pool and spa cleaners for removing oils and residues from pool surfaces.
Aromox T 12 is added to pet grooming products for cleaning and conditioning pet fur.

Aromox T 12 is employed in industrial maintenance cleaners for degreasing and cleaning machinery.
Aromox T 12 is used in a wide range of consumer and industrial cleaning applications for its effective degreasing and cleaning properties.

Aromox T 12 is commonly found in household cleaning sprays for surfaces like countertops and appliances.
Aromox T 12 is used in bathroom cleaners to effectively remove soap scum and mineral deposits.
Aromox T 12 is added to tile and grout cleaners for lifting dirt and grime from tiled surfaces.

Aromox T 12 finds application in oven cleaners for cutting through baked-on food and grease.
Aromox T 12 is utilized in rust removers for dissolving and removing rust stains from metal surfaces.

Aromox T 12 is added to concrete cleaners for removing oil stains and other contaminants from concrete surfaces.
Aromox T 12 is used in degreasing solutions for cleaning industrial equipment and machinery.
Aromox T 12 finds application in engine degreasers for cleaning automotive engines and parts.

Aromox T 12 is employed in heavy-duty cleaners for industrial and manufacturing facilities.
Aromox T 12 is added to pressure washing detergents for cleaning exterior surfaces of buildings and structures.

Aromox T 12 is utilized in graffiti removers for effectively removing unwanted paint from surfaces.
This compound is added to mold and mildew cleaners for eliminating mold and mildew stains.
Aromox T 12 finds application in boat hull cleaners for removing marine fouling and algae.

It is employed in deck cleaners for cleaning and restoring wooden decks and fences.
Aromox T 12 is added to driveway and pavement cleaners for removing oil stains and tire marks.
Aromox T 12 is used in industrial solvent cleaners for removing adhesives and coatings.

Aromox T 12 finds application in parts washers for cleaning automotive and mechanical parts.
Aromox T 12 is added to brake cleaners for degreasing brake components.
Aromox T 12 is employed in kitchen degreasers for cleaning commercial kitchen equipment.

Aromox T 12 is utilized in hand cleaners for removing grease and oil from hands.
Aromox T 12 is added to paint strippers for softening and removing paint coatings.
Aromox T 12 is used in agricultural equipment cleaners for removing dirt and residues from farm machinery.

Aromox T 12 finds application in conveyor belt cleaners for maintaining cleanliness in manufacturing facilities.
Aromox T 12 is employed in industrial floor scrubbers for cleaning large floor areas.
Aromox T 12 is added to janitorial cleaning solutions for general cleaning and maintenance of buildings and facilities.



DESCRIPTION


Aromox T 12 is a versatile amine oxide surfactant used in various cleaning formulations.
Aromox T 12 is derived from tallow amine and ethylene oxide, resulting in a powerful cleaning agent.
Aromox T 12 exhibits excellent degreasing properties, making it effective in removing oil and grease stains.

With its acid thickening capabilities, Aromox T 12 enhances the viscosity of cleaning solutions, improving their clinginess and efficacy.
Its alkali stability allows Aromox T 12 to maintain its effectiveness in both acidic and alkaline cleaning formulations.
Aromox T 12 appears as a paste or slightly cloudy liquid, indicating its concentrated form.

Aromox T 12 has a clear point temperature range of 25-30°C, suggesting its stability under normal storage conditions.
Aromox T 12 contains specific components such as hydrogen peroxide and free tertiary amine within specified concentration limits.

Despite its powerful cleaning properties, Aromox T 12 exhibits a Gardner Color Number of less than or equal to 4.0, indicating its relatively low color intensity.
In solution, Aromox T 12 produces moderate foam, suitable for various cleaning applications.

Its wetting power is rated at approximately 600 seconds according to Draves method, highlighting its ability to spread and penetrate surfaces effectively.
Aromox T 12 demonstrates excellent stability under thermal conditions, with a pour point of 16.0°C and a flash point greater than or equal to 100°C.

Aromox T 12 is compatible with a wide range of other cleaning agents and additives, allowing for versatile formulation options.
Aromox T 12 is commonly used in acid cleaners, all-purpose cleaners, and industrial and institutional cleaning products.
Its ability to remove tough stains and soils makes it suitable for both household and commercial cleaning applications.

Aromox T 12 contributes to the overall cleaning performance of formulations by enhancing their solubilization and emulsification capabilities.
Due to its ethoxylated structure, Aromox T 12 exhibits excellent surface activity, allowing it to effectively lower the surface tension of aqueous solutions.
Aromox T 12 is manufactured and handled with strict adherence to quality control standards to ensure consistency and reliability in performance.

Aromox T 12 undergoes rigorous testing to meet industry standards for purity, stability, and environmental compatibility.
Its biodegradable nature and relatively low environmental impact make Aromox T 12 a preferred choice for environmentally conscious cleaning formulations.

Aromox T 12 is packaged and labeled according to regulatory requirements to ensure safe handling and transportation.
Aromox T 12 is a key ingredient in many household and commercial cleaning products, contributing to their effectiveness and performance.
Its ability to work in synergy with other cleaning agents allows formulators to create tailored solutions for specific cleaning challenges.

Aromox T 12 is recommended for use in dilute concentrations to achieve optimal cleaning results while minimizing environmental impact.
Aromox T 12 is a reliable and efficient cleaning agent valued for its versatility, efficacy, and compatibility with various formulations.



PROPERTIES


Physical Properties:

Appearance: Paste/slightly cloudy liquid
Clear Point: 25-30°C
Density: 1.007 g/cc (0.03638 lb/in³)
pH: 6.0 - 9.0 (10% in 30% Ethanol)
Viscosity: 1150 cP
Surface Tension: 30 dynes/cm
Foam Height (Ross-Miles):
15 mm after 5 min, 50°C, 0.05%
20 mm immediately, 50°C, 0.05%
Wetting Power (Draves Method): ≤ 600 sec, 25°C, 0.1%
Gardner Color Number: ≤ 4.0
Content:
Hydrogen peroxide: ≤ 0.35%
Free tertiary amine: ≤ 2% (Mw=350)
Amine oxide: 39-41% (Mw=366)
Solubility: Soluble in water


Chemical Properties:

Chemical Formula: Not provided
Chemical Structure: Not provided
Functionality: Amine oxide surfactant
Alkyl Chain Length: Derived from tallow amine
Ethylene Oxide Content: 2 ethylene oxide (EO) units
Acid/Base Character: Exhibits stability in both acidic and alkaline environments
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): Not provided



FIRST AID


Inhalation:

If inhaled, remove the affected person to fresh air immediately.
Allow the individual to rest in a well-ventilated area and provide supportive care.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide artificial respiration or oxygen if necessary and if trained to do so.


Skin Contact:

Remove contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Avoid scrubbing the skin, as it may increase irritation.
If irritation, redness, or rash develops, seek medical advice.
Apply soothing lotions or creams to relieve discomfort if necessary.


Eye Contact:

Flush the eyes with lukewarm water while holding the eyelids open to ensure thorough rinsing.
Continue flushing for at least 15 minutes, ensuring all traces of the substance are removed.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation, redness, or pain persists after rinsing.
Do not rub the eyes, as it may exacerbate irritation or injury.


Ingestion:

Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.
Seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center.
Provide the medical staff with information about the ingested substance, its composition, and the amount ingested.


General Measures:

If symptoms such as irritation, redness, or discomfort persist after initial first aid, seek medical attention promptly.
Provide supportive care as needed, including rest and hydration.
Keep the affected person warm and comfortable.
Do not administer any medications or substances unless directed by medical personnel.
If seeking medical attention, bring the product container or label for reference.


Notes to Medical Professionals:

Treat symptomatically and supportively.
Provide appropriate medical interventions based on the severity of symptoms and extent of exposure.
Monitor vital signs and assess for signs of respiratory distress, skin irritation, or systemic effects.
Consider the possibility of allergic reactions or sensitization in individuals with known sensitivities to similar ingredients.
Provide information about the substance, its composition, and any known hazards to assist in appropriate medical management.


Additional Precautions:

Ensure that individuals administering first aid are trained in handling chemical exposures and are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
Avoid direct contact with the substance and use protective gloves and goggles when handling it.
Follow all safety precautions and guidelines provided by the manufacturer or supplier.
Dispose of any contaminated clothing or materials properly according to local regulations.
Keep the affected area well-ventilated to prevent further exposure to fumes or vapors.


Emergency Contact Information:

In case of emergency, contact local emergency services or poison control center for further assistance and guidance.
Provide relevant information about the substance, including its name, composition, and any known hazards, to assist medical personnel in providing appropriate treatment.



HANDLING AND STORAGE


Handling:

Ventilation:
Handle Aromox T 12 in a well-ventilated area to minimize inhalation exposure.
Use local exhaust ventilation if necessary to control airborne dust and vapors.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses or goggles to protect the eyes, gloves to protect the skin, and a lab coat or protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Avoid Inhalation:
Avoid breathing in dust or aerosolized particles of Aromox T 12.
Use respiratory protection (e.g., dust mask) if handling the powder in a confined space or in situations where dust generation is likely.

Preventive Measures:
Implement preventive measures, such as good hygiene practices and regular handwashing, to minimize the risk of accidental ingestion or inhalation.
Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking while handling the product.

Avoid Contact:
Avoid direct skin contact with Aromox T 12.
In case of skin contact, wash the affected area with soap and water immediately.

Handling Equipment:
Use appropriate handling equipment, such as scoops or spatulas, to minimize skin contact and prevent accidental spills.

Spill and Leak Procedures:
Have appropriate spill control measures in place, including absorbent materials and spill kits, to contain and clean up spills promptly.
Dispose of waste according to local regulations.

Packaging Integrity:
Inspect packaging containers for any signs of damage or leakage before handling.
Replace damaged or compromised containers promptly to prevent spills or contamination.

Labeling:
Ensure containers are properly labeled with the name of the substance, hazard warnings, and safety precautions to facilitate safe handling and storage.
Include the date of receipt and expiration date if applicable.


Storage:

Container:
Store Aromox T 12 in tightly closed containers, preferably made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or other compatible materials, to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.

Temperature:
Store Aromox T 12 at room temperature (approximately 20-25°C or 68-77°F) to maintain its stability and integrity.
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, as this may affect the product's properties.

Humidity:
Store Aromox T 12 in a low-humidity environment to prevent clumping and caking.
Keep containers tightly sealed when not in use to minimize exposure to moisture.

Separation from Incompatible Materials:
Keep Aromox T 12 separated from incompatible materials, including strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and reactive chemicals, to prevent adverse reactions or contamination.

Security Measures:
Store Aromox T 12 in a secure location away from unauthorized access or tampering. Restrict access to trained personnel only.

Handling Precautions:
Handle Aromox T 12 with care to prevent accidental spills or exposure.
Avoid dropping or mishandling containers to minimize the risk of breakage or damage.

Storage Stability:
Aromox T 12 is generally stable when stored under proper conditions.
Check containers regularly for signs of damage or deterioration, and replace damaged or compromised containers as needed.

Training:
Provide training to personnel on safe handling and storage practices for Aromox T 12, including emergency response procedures and proper use of PPE.

Emergency Preparedness:
Have emergency procedures in place in case of spills, leaks, or other accidents involving Aromox T 12.
Ensure personnel are trained in emergency response and evacuation procedures.

AROMOX T/12
Aromox T/12 is an amine oxide, based on tallow amine + 2 EO.
Aromox T/12 functions as an acid degreaser, acid thickener, and is alkali stable.


CAS Number: 37217-56-4 / 61791-46-6
EC Number: 263-179-6
Composition: Tallow bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2



SYNONYMS:
2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (oxides), aromox T/12, ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs, N-oxides, ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N-oxides, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) tallow amine oxide, dihydroxyethyl tallowamine oxide, ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N-oxides,
DIHYDROXYETHYL TALLOWAMINE OXIDE, Tallow bis(hydroxy ethyl) amine oxide, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)Tallowamine oxide, Tallow bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine oxide, BIS-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-TALLOWAMINE OXIDE, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)(tallow alkyl)amine oxide, Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N, Ethanol,2,2’-iminobis-,N-tallowalkylderivs.,N-oxides, 2,2'-Iminobisethanol, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N-oxides, Ethanol, 2,2′-Iminobis-, N-Talg-alkylderivate, N-Oxide
Ethanol,2,2’-iminobis-,N-tallowalkylderivs.,N-oxides, BIS-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-TALLOWAMINE OXIDE, DIHYDROXYETHYL TALLOWAMINE OXIDE, Ethanol, 2,2′-Iminobis-, N-Talg-alkylderivate, N-Oxide, 2,2'-Iminobisethanol, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N-oxides, Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N, Tallow bis(hydroxy ethyl) amine oxide, N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)(tallow alkyl)amine oxide



Aromox T/12 is an amine oxide, based on tallow amine + 2 EO.
Aromox T/12 functions as an acid degreaser, acid thickener, and is alkali stable.
Aromox T/12 is a Tallowbis (2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide.


Aromox T/12 is an amine oxide, based on tallow amine + 2 EO.
Aromox T/12 is an internal antistatic additive that can be used in various polymers such as PE, LDPE and PP.
Aromox T/12 gives sustained antistatic action and is especially effective in film applications also due to its relative fast migration.


Aromox T/12 is at ambient temperature a paste.
When heated at 40-45°C Aromox T/12 can be dosed as a liquid directly into the polymer by using a single or twin-screw extruder.
Pigment or color concentrates of Aromox T/12 should be mixed with the antistatic agent prior to extruding.


Premixing ensures uniform distribution of Aromox T/12 in the resin while it acts as a dispersion aid to the pigment color concentrate.
Product name Aromox T/12 is named tallow alkyl bishydroxyethyl amine oxide.
Aromox T/12's common name Tallow alkyl bishydroxyethyl amine oxide.



USES and APPLICATIONS of AROMOX T/12:
Aromox T/12 is used in acidic/alkaline/neutral detergent-related sub-industry companies.
Cosmetic Uses of Aromox T/12: astringents, cleansing agents, hair conditioning, surfactants, surfactant - emulsifying, surfactant - foam boosting, and surfactant - hydrotrope.


Aromox T/12 is mainly used for shampoo to make hair more supple, easy to comb, and foam is delicate and shiny.
Aromox T/12 can also be used in hard surface cleaning agents(Acidic, alkaline, neutral cleaning agent, etc)such as tableware, bathrooms, and building exterior walls to give products thickening, reduce irritation, and enhance efficiency.


Compared with tradition, Aromox T/12 oxide has the characteristics of low dosage, high efficiency, strong wetting power, and strong descaling ability.
Aromox T/12 also has good hand feel and softness performance.
Aromox T/12 gives sustained antistatic action and is especially effective in film applications also due to its relative fast migration.


Aromox T/12 functions as an acid degreaser, acid thickener, and is alkali stable.
Aromox T/12 can be used in acid cleaners, all purpose cleaners, and industrial and institutional cleaning.
Aromox T/12 is used acid cleaners, Alkali cleaners, Neutral cleaners.


Aromox T/12 Special is an amine oxide, based on tallow amine + 2 EO.
Aromox T/12 Special can be effectively used as thickener in acidic, neutral and alkaline cleaners.
Application areas of Aromox T/12: Disinfection, Industrial cleaning, Institutional cleaning.
Aromox T/12 can be used in acid cleaners, all purpose cleaners, and industrial and institutional cleaning.



KEY FEATURES OF AROMOX T/12:
*Effective for thickening NaOH
*Thickener in acidic, neutral and alkaline
*Cleaners agent



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of AROMOX T/12:
Boiling Point: 143.4 ℃ at 101 325 Pa
Density: 0.96 at 20 ℃
Vapour Pressure: 0.019 Pa at 20 ℃
Form: Light yellow to yellow liquid
Water Solubility: 2.2 mg/L at 20 ℃
LogP: 5.38 at 20 ℃
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 239.38 °C @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 8.190000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C (est)
Flash Point: 195.00 °F TCC (90.50 °C) (est)
logP (o/w): -1.690 (est)
Soluble in water, 0.045 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Appearance, 20'C: liquid
Density, 25'C: 980 kg/m³
Diethylene glycol content: 20%

Flash point, Abel-Pensky cc: 28'C
Freezing point: 0'C
Viscosity, 25'C: 60 mPa s
Water content: 25%
pH (10% in water): 6-9
InChI KeyZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChIInChI=1S/C4H11NO2/c6-3-1-5-2-4-7/h5-7H,1-4H2
Canonical SMILESC(CO)NCCO
Boiling Point: 143.4°C [at 101 325 Pa]
Density: 0.96 [at 20°C]
Vapor Pressure: 0.019 Pa at 20°C
Form: Gel
Water Solubility: 2.2 mg/L at 20°C
LogP: 5.38 at 20°C
EWG's Food Scores: 1
EPA Substance Registry System: Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, N-tallow alkyl derivs., N-oxides (61791-46-6)
CAS NO: 61791-46-6
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO2

Molecular Weight: 105.13564
EINECS: 263-179-6
Product Categories: N/A
Mol File: 61791-46-6.mol
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: 268.389 ºC at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 137.778 ºC
Appearance: /
Density: 1.069 g/cm3
Vapor Pressure: 0.019 Pa at 20°C
Refractive Index: N/A
Storage Temp.: N/A
Solubility: N/A
Water Solubility: 2.2 mg/L at 20°C
CAS DataBase Reference: BIS-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-TALLOWAMINE OXIDE (CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: BIS-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-TALLOWAMINE OXIDE (61791-46-6)
EPA Substance Registry System: BIS-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-TALLOWAMINE OXIDE (61791-46-6)



FIRST AID MEASURES of AROMOX T/12:
-Description of first-aid measures:
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
*In case of eye contact:
Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
*If swallowed:
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of AROMOX T/12:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of AROMOX T/12:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Further information:
No data available



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of AROMOX T/12:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Wash and dry hands.
*Body Protection:
Impervious clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Respiratory protection not required.
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of AROMOX T/12:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Store in cool place.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of AROMOX T/12:
-Reactivity:
No data available
-Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
-Conditions to avoid:
No data available


Aronia melanocarpa L.
aronia melanocarpa fruit extract; extract of the fruit of aronia melanocarpa, rosaceae ; black choke berry extract; black chokeberry extract CAS NO:1197991-17-5
ARQUAD 2.10-80 DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a disinfectant and microbicidal agent used in a variety of products.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used as a disinfectant, biocide, and antiseptic.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

CAS Number: 7173-51-5
Molecular Formula: C22H48ClN
Molecular Weight: 362.08
EINECS Number: 230-525-2

Synonyms: 7173-51-5, Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride, Astop, DDAC, Arquad 10, Bardac 22, Britewood Q, Bardac 2250, Bio-Dac, Quaternium 12, Quaternium-12, Odex Q, Quartamin D 10E, Quartamin D 10P, Timbercote 2000, Nissan Cation 2DB, Slaoff 91, Acticide, Aliquat 203, Querton 210CL, Sporekill, KleenGrow, Dodigen 1881, Bardac 2270E, Calgon H 130, Maquat 4480E, Bardac 2280, Britewood XL, Caswell No. 331A, Acticide DDQ, Catiogen DDM, DIDECYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE, 1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride, Cation DDC, H 130 (molluscicide), Catiogen DDM-PG, Arquad 210-50, Asepas 3, Bio-dac 50-22, Tret-O-Lite XC 507, Septapav KhS 70, Acticide DDQ 40, Microbiocide B 74, Stenquat 1010, Cation DDC 50, Cation DDC-80, Macrotrol MT 200, Arquad 210, Microbiocide N 750, New Des 50, Bardac 2240, BTC 99, DDC 80, K-Sanit BP 80, Kamin RM 2D50A, N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride, didecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride, BTCO 1010, Arquad 210-50E, Arquad 210-80E, Arquad 210-85E, Fentacare 1021-80, Arquad 210-80, D 10P, Nissan Cation 2DB500E, Nissan Cation 2DB800E, UNII-JXN40O9Y9B, BTC 1010, EINECS 230-525-2, DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMCHLORIDE, JXN40O9Y9B, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 069149, Didecyldimethylammounium chloride, didecyl dimethylammonium chloride, DTXSID9032537, HSDB 7611, 2DB500E, BTC 2250, AQ 210, MAQUAT 4450-E, DICAPRYLDIMONIUM CHLORIDE, DTXCID7012537, H 130, CHEBI:79935, EC 230-525-2, N,N-DIDECYL-N,N-DIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE, M 21080, DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID, Dimethyldidecylammonium chloride, N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium (chloride), 1-Decanaminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-, chloride (1:1), DDAC-C10; Didecyldimethylammonium-chloride, DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE (MART.), DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.], Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride, C22H48ClN, Dairyland brand chg teat dip, Alfa Bergamon, didecyl(dimethyl)azanium chloride, didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium chloride, OKGO Disinfectant, Surface Disinfectant, Bardac-22, Alfa Bergamon (TN), Calgon H130, Querton 2100L, didecyl(dimethyl)ammonium, Surface Disinfectant Spray, SCHEMBL20265, DDAC 80, CHEMBL224987, Chloroqcare Antiseptic Hand Care, bis(decyl)dimethylazanium chloride, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, Steri Hand sanitizer without washing, Tox21_300598, MFCD00066262, AKOS015901447, CS-W022921, HY-W042181, DIDECYLDIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 069149, NCGC00254240-01, DA-17489, CAS-7173-51-5, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminiumchloride, DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI], NS00075672, N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl 1-decanaminium chloride, D07822, DIDECYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORID [WHO-DD], N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-ammonium chloride, DIDECYL DIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB], EN300-7386480, A837307, Q418930, Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, analytical standard, W-104509, N-Decyl-N pound notN-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound used as detergent/disinfectant in hospitals, as algicide in swimming pools, and as a fungicide and against termites in wood.
This compound caused contact dermatitis in a hospital employee, also sensitive to glyoxal and bis-(aminopropyl)- laurylamine.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a trade name for a specific formulation of Didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC).

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound - Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride functions as a fungicide, bactericide, wetting agent, and biocide.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride applications include algicide / algistat, bug remover, and disinfectant / sanitizer / biocide.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound - Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
It functions as an algicide, algistat, bactericide, biocide, and fungicide.
It contains two decyl (C10) groups attached to a nitrogen atom, which is also bonded to two methyl (CH3) groups.

The nitrogen carries a positive charge, balanced by a chloride ion.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a cationic surfactant with strong antimicrobial properties.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride works by disrupting the cell membranes of microorganisms, leading to cell lysis and death.

Widely used in healthcare settings for surface disinfection and in various industrial and domestic cleaning products.
Employed in water treatment, wood preservation, and as a fungicide in agriculture.
Found in personal care products such as hand sanitizers and antiseptic wipes.

Indicates that this specific product likely contains a high concentration (80%) of the active ingredient (DDAC) and is formulated for industrial or commercial use.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride disinfection of medical equipment and surfaces.
Water treatment, cooling towers, and as a preservative in products.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride protection of crops from bacterial and fungal infections.
Included in formulations for disinfectant sprays and wipes.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound used as antiseptic/disinfectant.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride causes the disruption of intermolecular interactions and the dissociation of lipid bilayers.
The bacteriostatic (prevent growth) or bactericide (kill microorganism) activity of DDAC depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a broad spectrum biocidal against bacteria and fungi and can be used as disinfectant cleaner for linen, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels and industries.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, pediatrics, OT, and for the sterilization of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.
In mice this disinfectant was found to cause infertility and birth defects when combined with Alkyl (60% C14, 25% C12, 15% C16) dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC).
These studies contradict the older toxicology data set on quaternary ammonia compounds which was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the EU Commission.

In addition, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, as well as other quaternary ammonia compounds, can lead to the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms when employed in sub-lethal concentrations.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound used as an antiseptic/disinfectant.
It causes disruption of intermolecular interactions and dissociation of lipid bilayers.

The bacteriostatic (prevents growth) or bactericidal (kills micro-organisms) activity of DDAC depends on its concentration and the growth phase of the microbial population.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a broad-spectrum biocide against bacteria and fungi, and can be used as a disinfectant laundry cleaner, recommended for use in hospitals, hotels, and industry.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a cationic surfactant of dialkydimethyl quaternary ammonium compounds.

It is easily soluble in water and organic solvent.
It is light yellow liquid under home temperature, and its chemical character is stable and low irritating.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has broad spectrum of activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

It can be used as fungicide and mildewcide, and active against enveloped viruses.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has high tolerance to hard water.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride maintains efficacy in presence of heavy organic soiling such as blood and protein.

Good surfactant and wetting properties and Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is worldwide acceptance based on registrations approval and official lists.
Highly soluble in water and organic solvents, which makes it versatile for various formulations.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride stable under normal conditions but can degrade under extreme pH or high temperatures.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride interacts with the lipid bilayer of microbial cell membranes, disrupting membrane integrity, leading to leakage of cellular contents and cell death.
Causes the denaturation of essential proteins and enzymes within microbial cells, inhibiting their function and leading to cell death.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in hospitals and clinics for cleaning and disinfecting surfaces to prevent the spread of pathogens.

Employed for sterilizing medical and dental instruments.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride ncorporated into hand sanitizers and antiseptic wipes.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride acts as a biocide in cooling towers, water storage systems, and wastewater treatment plants to control microbial growth.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride utilized in the oil and gas industry to prevent microbial-induced corrosion and biofouling.
Protects wood from fungal decay and insect attack.
Applied as a fungicide and bactericide to protect crops from infections.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in food processing facilities for surface sanitation and equipment cleaning.
Found in various disinfectant sprays and cleaning products for household use.
Included in personal care products such as deodorants and skin disinfectants.

While effective at low concentrations, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can be toxic if ingested or if it comes into prolonged contact with skin.
Proper handling and usage guidelines should be followed.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is toxic to aquatic life. Efforts should be made to prevent its release into the environment, particularly water bodies.

Products containing Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chlorides are regulated by agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the US and equivalent bodies in other countries.
Proper labeling and usage instructions are mandated to ensure safety.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is typically formulated to ensure stability and efficacy.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can be blended with other surfactants, solvents, and additives to enhance its properties.
Generally compatible with non-ionic and cationic surfactants but can be incompatible with anionic surfactants due to the potential for precipitation or reduced efficacy.
Effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Quick microbial kill time, making it suitable for high-demand disinfection applications.
Provides prolonged antimicrobial action on treated surfaces, helping to maintain hygiene standards.
Potential health risks if not used according to guidelines.

Needs careful management to prevent environmental contamination.
Can be corrosive to certain metals and damaging to some plastics and rubber materials if not properly formulated.

Melting point: 88 °C
Density: 0.87[at 20℃]
vapor pressure: 0.006Pa at 25℃
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: 248g/L in organic solvents at 20 ℃
form: Gel
color: Light Beige to Brown
Viscosity: 24.5mm2/s
Water Solubility: 650mg/L at 25℃
Stability: Hygroscopic
LogP: 2.8 at 20℃

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has been supplying specialist Cleaning and Disinfection products, blends and formulations suitable for almost every application.
Amid the ongoing global events connected to the Coronavirus pandemic, AmphoChem is supporting its customers to meet the global demand for hand sanitisers and disinfectants, providing effective solutions, logistical support and expert knowledge in the supply and distribution of disinfectants.
Leading range are alcohol-based and alcohol-free and environmentally sound solutions from Nouryon, that have been tested and proved effective against Coronavirus and other enveloped viruses such as Poxviruses and Influenza virus H1N1 (Swine Flu, Mexican flu), among others.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride commonly use both Ethanol and Isopropanol, with one of the most common products for hand disinfection in particular, in a gel form (“Alcogel”).
In some cases, particularly with long-term and frequent use, alcohol-based products may be undesirable to avoid skin irritation.
The alcohol-free Arquad MCB (Benzalkonium Chloride) has been found to be effective in the hand sanitation application and indications from tests suggest that Arquad MCB can present a lasting anti-microbial effect, providing peace of mind for suppliers and end users alike as worldwide usage of hand sanitisers surges.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is synthesized through a quaternization reaction where dimethylamine is reacted with decyl chloride.
Decyl chloride (an alkyl halide) and dimethylamine.
The alkyl halide reacts with the amine to form the quaternary ammonium compound.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is purified to remove any unreacted starting materials or by-products, resulting in a clear to pale yellow liquid.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used extensively in hospitals for disinfecting surfaces, floors, and equipment to maintain sterile environments.
Utilized in the sanitization of equipment and surfaces in pharmaceutical production facilities.

Applied to sanitize surfaces that come into contact with food, such as countertops, utensils, and processing equipment.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in some formulations to preserve the shelf life of certain food products by preventing microbial growth.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in HVAC systems to prevent the growth of mold and bacteria in ductwork and other components.

Acts as a biocide in cooling towers to control biofilm formation and prevent microbial-induced corrosion.
Incorporated into pesticide formulations to enhance their effectiveness against pests and microbial infections.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used to sanitize greenhouses and prevent the spread of plant pathogens.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used on ships and boats to prevent the growth of marine organisms on hulls, which can reduce efficiency and increase fuel consumption.
Products containing DDAC must be registered with the EPA, ensuring they meet safety and efficacy standards.
Labels must include instructions for safe use, storage, and disposal to minimize health risks and environmental impact.

Guidelines for handling and exposure limits to protect workers from potential hazards associated with DDAC.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride must comply with REACH regulations, ensuring safe use and management throughout its lifecycle.
For products used in food processing or contact surfaces, they must comply with FDA regulations to ensure they are safe for use in these environments.

Essential for individuals handling Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride to prevent skin, eye, and respiratory irritation.
To prevent skin contact, especially in industrial settings.
Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing.

Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention.
Move to fresh air; if symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

Store in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials (such as strong oxidizing agents).
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhaling vapors or contact with skin and eyes.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is not readily biodegradable, and its persistence in the environment can pose long-term ecological risks.

Highly toxic to aquatic organisms; measures must be taken to prevent its release into water bodies.
Monitoring and managing the environmental impact of Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride involves wastewater treatment to remove residues before discharge.
Development of more environmentally friendly and biodegradable alternatives to Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is an ongoing research focus.

Enhancing the formulation to reduce the required concentration of DDAC while maintaining efficacy can help mitigate environmental impact.
Combining Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride with other biocides or surfactants to improve overall effectiveness and reduce the quantity needed.

Uses:
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium based antimicrobial used as a bacteriostat, deodorant, disinfectant and(or) a microbiocide.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is an effective cationic surfactant that can be used in a variety of cleaning systems.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is a compound that exhibits some fungacidal and antimirobial functions.

General purpose disinfectant, sanitizer; mildew preventative in commercial laundries; water treatment in cooling towers and oil field flood waters; wood preservative.
General purpose disinfectant used on hard, nonporous surfaces as a sanitizer; mildew preventative, wood preservative, and to kill algae, phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria.
An active ingredient in a large number of disinfectant products registered with USEPA and labeled with a claim to inactivate “avian influenza A” viruses on hard surfaces.

This quaternary ammonium compound is used as a detergent-disinfectant in hospitals, as an algaecide in swimming pools, as a fungicide, and against termites in wood.
Observed severe contact dermatitis in a slaughterhouse worker using a liquid soap containing this product (personal observation).
Immediate-type manifestations like urticaria and dyspnoea have been reported.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is mainly used for its energetic content and low sweetening properties - dextrose has a lower sweetening power than sucrose.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is for example often found in baking products and desserts.
It is also used as a natural preservative to extend the shelf life of the product to which it is added, like in fruit jams.

In beekeeping, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used to treat brood when it is attacked by blight.
Brood rot (European or American foulbrood) is an infectious disease of initially uncovered and later covered brood.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is caused by Bacterium pluton, Bacillus alvei, Streptococcus apis.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride acts as a broad-spectrum antiseptic by disrupting the nutrition of the foulbrood bacteria, thus preserving the bee colony.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used extensively: concentrations ranging from 0.004% to 0.01% are used in eye drops.
Higher concentrations are used in hand disinfection products, for the removal of unpleasant odours (from legs, feet, armpits).

Even higher concentrations are used for a wide range of microbial and viral disinfection.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used in gynaecology, surgery, ophthalmology, paediatrics, OT, as well as for the sterilisation of surgical instruments, endoscopes and surface disinfection.
In cosmetics, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as a disinfectant, and at the same time as an emulsifier to increase the miscibility of fats with water.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is often used as an additive in emulsions to obtain clear emulsions, e.g. for dilution of fragrance concentrates, for mixing essential oils, or for the addition of water-based extracts to fat-based products.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used as a foaming agent and conditioner because its cationic nature makes wool fabrics and hair soft, and is therefore found in shampoos, hair masks and conditioners.

In water treatment, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in ornamental pools and rock gardens to protect them from algae formation and reproduction.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can also be found in some aquarium and aquaculture products.
Concentrations of 0,5-5 mg/l of active quaternary ammonium are encountered in the treatment of bacterial type fish diseases.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used as an algaecide in swimming pools to inhibit water mutilation and algal growth.
It is more popular than BAC because it has a lower foaming capacity.
In the wood industry, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as an antiseptic or antiseptic impregnant to protect wood from rotting or fungal decay.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is also used to destroy rot in damaged wood.
The advantage of using Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is its transparency, i.e. the wood does not discolour, but this is also a disadvantage because when the wood is treated it is not visible where it has been treated.
In the paper industry, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in the preparation of paper to reduce biofouling and at the same time to give strength and anti-static properties to the paper produced.

In horticulture, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride has a wide range of uses due to its effectiveness against moulds, mildews, mosses, fungi and algae, and is used for their control both as a plant protection agent and as a disinfectant for a wide range of surfaces.
In the polymer and coatings industry, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as an antistatic agent, emulsifier and preservative, which helps to make surfaces more hydrophobic, and to make hydrophobic surfaces more easily and uniformly coated with various coatings.

In animal husbandry, Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in various veterinary preparations for the treatment of fungal diseases of hooves and horns, for the disinfection of animal housing, and for the treatment of certain skin diseases.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is the third generation of quaternary ammonium compounds, and it is better than the first and second generation products on ability of killing microorganism.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is mainly used as following fields: 1. Used as fungicide of injection water of oilfield and industrial circulating cooling water.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as disinfectant, fungicide and wood preservative agents.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as moth-proofing agents of textile.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can be used compounding with CLO2 when handling hard surface to killing bacteria.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used for disinfecting surfaces in hospitals, clinics, and healthcare facilities to control the spread of infectious diseases.
Effective for cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces like doorknobs, countertops, and medical equipment.
Employed in sterilizing medical and dental instruments, ensuring they are free from microbial contamination.

Incorporated into hand sanitizers, antiseptic wipes, and other personal hygiene products.
Prevents the growth of algae, bacteria, and fungi in cooling towers, which can otherwise lead to biofilm formation and clogging of the system.
Ensures efficient heat exchange and prolongs the life of the equipment.

Maintains the quality of stored water by preventing microbial contamination.
Essential for industries that rely on large-scale water storage such as manufacturing and food processing.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater to control microbial growth.

Helps in maintaining the efficiency of biological treatment processes by controlling harmful microorganisms.
Prevents the formation of biofilms in pipelines which can cause blockages and corrosion.
Enhances the longevity and safety of pipelines used for transporting oil and gas.

Keeps storage tanks free from microbial contamination which can lead to product spoilage and safety hazards.
Ensures the quality and stability of stored products.
Protects seeds from fungal and bacterial infections during storage and germination.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as a foliar spray to protect plants from bacterial and fungal diseases.
Can be integrated into integrated pest management (IPM) programs to reduce reliance on traditional pesticides.
Applied to soil to reduce the load of pathogenic microorganisms, promoting healthier plant growth.

Disinfects equipment and surfaces in food processing plants to prevent contamination.
Essential for maintaining food safety standards and preventing foodborne illnesses.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used to treat packaging materials to ensure they are free from microbial contamination.

Extends the shelf life of packaged food products by preventing microbial growth.
Incorporated into some food preservation techniques to inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms.
Ensures the safety and quality of processed foods.

Disinfects gym equipment, locker rooms, and other high-touch areas to prevent the spread of infections.
Enhances the overall hygiene of fitness centers.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in the daily cleaning routines of schools and office buildings to maintain a healthy environment.

Reduces the risk of transmission of contagious diseases in public spaces.
Applied to seats, handrails, and other surfaces in buses, trains, and airplanes to maintain cleanliness.
Essential for public health, especially during outbreaks of infectious diseases.

Prevents the growth of barnacles, algae, and other marine organisms on ship hulls, which can reduce drag and improve fuel efficiency.
Reduces the frequency of dry-docking required for cleaning and maintenance.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in fish farms to control the growth of harmful microorganisms in water and on equipment.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is highly toxic to aquatic life and measures must be taken to prevent its release into water bodies.
Wastewater treatment plants must ensure that effluents containing Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride are adequately treated to remove or neutralize the compound before discharge.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is not readily biodegradable, which means it can persist in the environment for extended periods.

Research is ongoing to develop more biodegradable alternatives and to improve the environmental profile of Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Workers handling Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride should use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and respirators to prevent exposure.
Training and safety protocols should be in place to handle spills and accidental exposure effectively.

Development of environmentally friendly and biodegradable disinfectants and biocides as alternatives to Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride.
Research focuses on naturally derived compounds with antimicrobial properties that pose less risk to the environment and human health.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride with other biocides or antimicrobial agents to reduce the required concentration and enhance efficacy.

Formulations that include enhancers or stabilizers to improve the performance and reduce the environmental impact.
Innovations in delivery systems such as slow-release formulations and microencapsulation to provide sustained antimicrobial activity with lower environmental impact.
Use of nanotechnology to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of DDAC in various applications.

Acts as a biocide in cooling towers, water storage systems, and wastewater treatment plants to control microbial growth and biofouling.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used to prevent microbial-induced corrosion in pipelines and storage tanks.
Helps in managing biofilm formation in various components of the oil and gas industry.

Protects wood from fungal decay, mold, and insect attack, extending the life of wood products.
Applied to sanitize surfaces and equipment that come into contact with food in processing plants and kitchens.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used as a preservative in some food products to inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life.

Incorporated into pesticide formulations to enhance their effectiveness against pests and microbial infections.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used to sanitize greenhouses, helping to prevent the spread of plant pathogens and ensuring healthy crop growth.
Found in various disinfectant sprays, floor cleaners, and multi-surface cleaning products used in homes.

Included in personal care items such as deodorants, skin disinfectants, and some cosmetic products for their antimicrobial properties.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in HVAC systems to prevent mold and bacterial growth in ductwork and other components, improving air quality.
Acts as a biocide to control microbial growth and biofilm formation, enhancing the efficiency and lifespan of cooling systems.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride applied to the hulls of ships and boats to prevent the growth of marine organisms, which can reduce vessel efficiency and increase fuel consumption.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used to disinfect animal housing, equipment, and veterinary facilities to control the spread of diseases among livestock and pets.
Applied to textiles and fabrics to impart antimicrobial properties, making them resistant to odor-causing bacteria and extending their usability.

Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used in the sanitization of public spaces such as schools, offices, gyms, and public transportation to ensure hygiene and prevent the spread of infections.
Utilized to maintain the cleanliness and safety of swimming pools and spas by controlling microbial growth.
Employed in cleaning and disinfecting contaminated environmental sites to manage and reduce microbial hazards.

Effective against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.
Provides prolonged antimicrobial action, ensuring surfaces remain disinfected for extended periods.
Can be used in various formulations and applications, making it suitable for a wide range of industries and purposes.

Effective at relatively low concentrations, making it cost-effective for large-scale applications.
Essential for individuals handling Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride to prevent skin, eye, and respiratory irritation.

Proper first aid procedures should be in place for skin contact, eye contact, inhalation, and ingestion.
Store in a cool, dry place and handle in well-ventilated areas to prevent exposure and contamination.

Safety Profile:
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride can cause severe skin irritation upon contact.
Redness, itching, and burning sensation on the skin.
Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is use of protective gloves and clothing when handling the substance.

Can cause serious eye damage.
Pain, redness, blurred vision, and potential long-term damage.
Wearing safety goggles or face shields to protect the eyes from splashes.

Inhalation of Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride vapors or aerosols can irritate the respiratory tract.
Coughing, shortness of breath, and throat irritation.
Use of respirators and ensuring proper ventilation in areas where Arquad 2.10-80 Didecyldimethylammonium chloride is used.

May cause allergic skin reactions in sensitive individuals.
Avoidance of exposure for known sensitive individuals and use of appropriate PPE.


ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract is placed in a covered tube and then discharged into a 10 x 10 cryostat.
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract, commonly known as Wild Ginger, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to East Asia.


CAS Number: 90045-27-3
EC Number: 289-157-7
INCI name: ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT
Botanical Name: Asarum Heterotroopides



SYNONYMS:
Wild Ginger Extract, Heterotropa Extract, Asarum Extract, Japanese Wild Ginger Extract, Chinese Wild Ginger Extract, Asarum heterotropoides Root Extract, Asarum Leaf Extract, Asarum Heterotropoides Root Powder



Asarum Heterotropoides Extract is placed in a covered tube and then discharged into a 10 x 10 cryostat.
Transport Asarum Heterotropoides Extract in ice pack or dry ice pack.
Please store Asarum Heterotropoides Extract at -20 °C as soon as possible after receiving the product, and use it as soon as possible after opening.

Asarum Heterotropoides Extract, commonly known as Wild Ginger, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to East Asia.
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract derived from its roots and leaves has been used in traditional medicine, particularly in Asian cultures.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
Cosmetic Uses of Asarum Heterotropoides Extract: antidandruff agents, antimicrobial agents, and antioxidants
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract is often used in herbal supplements, cosmetics, and natural remedies. Its unique properties make it a popular ingredient in formulations aimed at skin health and overall wellness.


-Asarum Heterotropoides Extract is known for its potential health benefits, including:
*Anti-inflammatory properties:
Traditionally Asarum Heterotropoides Extract is used to reduce inflammation and pain.
*Antioxidant effects:
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract contains compounds that may help neutralize free radicals in the body.
*Digestive support:
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract is used to aid digestion and alleviate gastrointestinal issues.
*Respiratory health:
Traditionally employed to relieve respiratory conditions.



FUNCTION OF ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
*Anti-Inflammatory
*Anti-Seborrheic
*Antimicrobial
*Antioxidant




FUNCTIONS OF ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
*Anti dandruff :
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract helps fight against dandruff
*Antimicrobial :
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract helps slowing the growth of micro-organisms on the skin and counteracts the development of microbes
*Antioxidant :
Asarum Heterotropoides Extract inhibits reactions favored by oxygen, thus avoiding oxidation and rancidity



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
Product Name: Asarum Extract
Botanical Name: Asarum Heterotroopides
Part Used: The Whole Plant
Appearance: White Powder
Microorganism: Qualified
Test Method: HPLC/Tlc
Shelf Life: 2 Years
Function: Anti-Inflammatory
Classification: Food Grade
Product Name: Asarum Heterotropoides Extract
CAS Number: 90045-27-3
EC Number: 289-157-7

Botanical Name: Asarum heterotropoides
Appearance: Brown powder or liquid
Odor: Characteristic herbal odor
Solubility: Soluble in water and ethanol
Molecular Weight: Not applicable
Density: Not applicable
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Melting Point: Not applicable
Molecular Formula: Not applicable
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet): Available from the supplier
Flash Point: Not applicable



FIRST AID MEASURES of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available



ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.



FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.



EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.



STABILITY and REACTIVITY of ASARUM HETEROTROPOIDES EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available


ASCH Powders: for hydroalcoholic solution
aluminum sesquichlorohydrate powder; SESQUICHLOROHYDRATE DE ALUMÍNIO CAS NO:173763-15-0
ASCO 93 AIR ENTRAINING AGENT
ASCO 93 AIR ENTRAINING AGENT


Chemical base: Alpha Olefin Sodium Sulfonate


ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is sodium linear alpha olefin sulfonates.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is air entraining agent used to cement and gypsum based products.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is an anionic surfactant and specifically formulated for air entraining.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is pore ​​former and wetting agent for building materials.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is an anionic surfactant based on high molecular weight olefin sulfonate.


The dosage of ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent strongly depends on the mixing modes, as well as on the influence of a number of other factors.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is a strong blowing agent, wetting agent and plasticizer in cement and gypsum based building materials.
Another advantage of ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is high frost resistance and reduced efflorescence from the solution.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent provides fast wetting and dispersion of building mixes (eg machine applied plasters), reduced tackiness and therefore easy processing and improved pumping properties.


ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is a strong blowing agent, wetting agent and plasticizer in cement and gypsum based building materials.
The recommended dosage of ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent: 0.005 - 0.05% by weight of the dry mortar, depending on the desired effect
In the production of foam concrete, the dosage is up to 1% by weight of the entire mixture.
The dosage of ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is highly dependent on mixing conditions.



USES and APPLICATIONS of ASCO 93 AIR ENTRAINING AGENT:
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used Surfactant > Anionic Surfactant > Sulfonate
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent introduces microscopic air bubbles
into cement which reduces the surface tension, increasing workability and durability against cycles of freezing and thawing.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent protects against cement segregation and bleeding.


ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is commonly used as an admixture in cement, grout, mortar, gypsum and paving.
The air pores formed by ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent are stable and significantly reduce shrinkage and associated cracking, especially for cement and cement-lime based mortars.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used condition, with normal signs of wear.


In addition, ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used as the main strong foaming agent in the production of complex additives to building materials (for example, products for the manufacture of foam concrete, etc.).
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is a strong blowing agent, wetting agent and plasticizer in cement and gypsum based building materials.
The air pores formed by ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent are stable and significantly reduce shrinkage and associated cracking, especially for cement and cement-lime based mortars.


ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is a strong blowing agent, wetting agent and plasticizer in cement and gypsum based building materials.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used as plaster compositions for manual and machine applications.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used in masonry mortars.


ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used adhesive compositions for the installation of aerated concrete blocks.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used dishwashing detergent, laundry detergent, personal cleaning products/personal items such as toothpaste, shampoo, and neck melting products and kitchen detergent.



PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of ASCO 93 AIR ENTRAINING AGENT:
Appearance Light: Yellow Powder
Active Matter (%): min. 93
Appearance at 25 °C: Clear, light-yellow powder
Colour (whiteness): ≥ 90.0
Active matter (%): ≥ 93.0
Unsalted organic matter: (%) ≤ 3.0
Inorganic sulfate (%): ≤ 1.5
Water content (%): ≤ 3.0
Chemical base: Alpha Olefin Sodium Sulfonate
The content of the main substance: at least 93%
Particle size: min. 80% < 0.300 mm
Bulk density: 0.300 ± 0.100 kg/dm3
Humidity: no more than 3%
Sodium sulfate content: not more than 5%
Appearance: fine white powder (may have a yellowish tinge)
Odour: characteristic
Active ingredient: min. 93%
Sodium sulfate: max. 5%
Petroleum ether-soluble substances (PEE): max. 3%
Whiteness (Hunt "L"): min. 90%
Water content: balance 2-3%
Dosage: 0.005-0.05% wt. for dry mortar.



HANDLING and STORAGE of ASCO 93 AIR ENTRAINING AGENT:
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent should be stored in a dry and cool place, away from sunlight and moisture, in closed containers.




ASCO 93 AIR ENTRAINING AGENT
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is an anionic surfactant and specifically formulated for air entraining.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent introduces microscopic air bubbles into cement which reduces the surface tension, increasing workability and durability against cycles of freezing andthawing.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent protects against cement segregation and bleeding.

CAS: 94205-22-8
MF: C16H10ClNO4
MW: 315.71

ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is a 4-Hydroxycoumarin derivative.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent can inhibit invasion and migration of lung cancer cells by modulating expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effectors.
For the production of concrete and wall mortar with high resistance to the exposure of frost
and de-icing salt as well as for cement bonded application surfaces for road construction.
For the production of water, bridge, tunnel, and road construction structures.
The application of ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is used to improve the characteristics of
unset and hardened concrete.
Increased resistance to the exposure of frost and de-icing salt.
An increase in the settling properties through the ball bearing effect of closed and spherical micro air pores.
ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent is commonly used as an admixture in cement, grout, mortar, gypsum and paving.

The dosage of ASCO 93 Air Entraining Agent should take place at the factory with the last
third of the mixing water or after it is completely added.
Make sure that sufficient mixing time is allocated.
Air-entrained concrete must be mixed longer than normal concrete during the production process in order to enable sufficient time for the activation of the air-entraining agent.
Please observe the standards outlined in DIN EN 206-1 and DIN 1045-2 when using concrete
additives.
Depending on the required explosion class according to DIN 206-1, air-entrained
concrete is subject to special supervision standards.

Synonyms
Anticancer agent 93
ASCO AOS-1416(P)
ASCO AOS-1416(P) is the anion surfactant that is obtained by caustic soda neutralization of direct sulfonated Alpha Olefin of C14, C16 chain lengths.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) can exhibit the outstanding cleansing power, foaming ability and also show more stable than alcohol sulfate in variable pH range.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) can be used as a raw material in shampoos and hand soaps.

CAS: 68439-57-6
EINECS: 931-534-0

ASCO AOS-1416(P), also known as sodium olefin sulfonate or AOS, is a synthetic surfactant commonly used in personal care products such as shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) is derived from the sulfonation of hydrocarbon chains obtained from olefins, which are typically derived from petroleum.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) has excellent foaming and lathering properties, which makes it an ideal choice for personal care products that require a rich, luxurious lather.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) also has good cleansing properties and is effective at removing dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin and hair.

ASCO AOS-1416(P) is a great surfactant that helps remove dirt, pollutants and buildup from the hair and scalp.
Mostly present in hair care products, ASCO AOS-1416(P) can also be used in skin care and cosmetics.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) is a pretty effective cleansing agent with good foaming properties.
In its raw form, ASCO AOS-1416(P) has the look of a fine white powder.
The chemical formula of ASCO AOS-1416(P) is C14H27NaO3S.

ASCO AOS-1416(P) Chemical Properties
density: 1.054g/cm3 at 20℃
vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
form: Powder
LogP: -1.3 at 20℃ and pH5.43
Surface tension: 36.1mN/m at 1g/L and 20℃
Dissociation constant: 0.15-0.38 at 25℃
EPA Substance Registry System: ASCO AOS-1416(P) (68439-57-6)

Application
ASCO AOS-1416(P) is commonly used as a surfactant in various personal care products such as shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) helps to emulsify and remove dirt, oil, and other impurities from the skin and hair.
Due to its mildness and good foaming properties, ASCO AOS-1416(P) is often preferred over harsher cleansing agents.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) is also used as a wetting agent and an emulsifier in industrial applications such as cleaning products and textile processing.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) is biodegradable and considered safe for use in cosmetic and personal care products.

ASCO AOS-1416(P) can be widely used in phosphate-free washing powder, liquid detergents and other household cleaning products and textile printing and dyeing industry, petroleum chemicals, industrial hard surface cleaning aspect.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) an anionic surfactant, a wide variety of cosmetic washing, hand-washing liquid, washing powder, complex soap, shampoo and detergent, phosphate-free detergents and other main raw material of choice.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) also has been used for hard surface detergent and personal care products, and is developing it in oil additives, starch processing aid, acrylate emulsion, mercerized cotton, wool washing, textile and paper wetting like applications in the field.

ASCO AOS-1416(P) is added to plenty of hair care and skin care products such as shampoos and cleansers.

Skin care: ASCO AOS-1416(P) acts as a good cleansing agent.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) mixes well with water and oil to remove the dust particles settled on the surface of the skin.

Hair care: ASCO AOS-1416(P) is an amazing surfactant and a foam forming agent.
ASCO AOS-1416(P) helps the formulations act on the scalp and hair to leave it clean.
Further, the foam helps in easy spreadability of the product throughout.

Synonyms
sodium c14-16 olefin sulfonate
C14-C16-Alkanehydroxysulfonic acids sodium salts
alpha-OlefinC14-C16,sulfonated,sodiumsalt
SODIUMC14-16OLEFINSULPHONATE
SODIUMC14-16ALPHAOLEFINSULFONATE
C14-16-ALKANEHYDROXYANDC14-16-ALKENESULPHONICACIDS,SODIUMSALTS
Sodium olefin-(C14-C16)-sulfonate
SODIUM A-OLEFIN SULFONATE